Pedagogy

Directions: To answer questions 1 – 20, choose the one best answer – marked A, B, C, D, and E – to
each question.

1. As the counterbalance to linguistic competence, formulaic competence refers to chunks of

language that speakers use heavily in everyday interactions. It includes the following EXCEPT ….
A. idioms
B. routines
C. turn-taking
D. collocations
E. lexical frames

2. Among the areas where our behavior can directly influence our students’ motivation to continue
participation in EFL classes is determining short-term goals which include the following EXCEPT
….
A. the successful writing of an essay
B. the ability to partake in a discussion
C. the possibility of a better job in the future
D. the learning of a small amount of new language
E. the passing of the progress test at the end of the week

3. Applying the humanistic approach, the teacher should encourage supportive atmosphere in the
classroom by means of the following acts EXCEPT ….
A. listening to the students
B. encouraging them to share their feelings
C. accepting their comments without judgment
D. fixing the aims for the course or for one lesson
E. obliging students to do what they plan to do that day

4. In designing a curriculum, a designer is concerned not just with lists of what will be taught and in
what order, but also with the following EXCEPT ….
A. the planning
B. the implementation
C. the management
D. the supervision
E. the evaluation

5. Communication strategies are strategies that learners use to overcome communication problems in
order to convey their intended meaning. They include the following EXCEPT ….
A. paraphrasing
B. substitution
C. coining new words
D. asking for clarification
E. switching to other languages

6. An effective test should point the way to beneficial washback; when test items represent the
various objectives of a unit and/or focus on major topics of the unit, then the classroom tests ….
A. can raise the washback potential
B. can serve in a diagnostic capacity
 C. may be the determinant of success
D. may contribute to the students’ failure
E. can be used as a guide to setting goals

7. Applying portfolio assessments, innovative English teachers expect that they may improve testing
processes in the following ways EXCEPT that they ….
A. enhance student and teacher involvement in assessment
B. provide opportunities for teachers to observe students in various contexts
C. permit the assessment of the multiple dimensions of language learning
D. provide opportunities for both students and teachers to work together
E. reflect on what to do to assess students’ language mastery

8. A well-developed lesson plan should be completed with assignments to guide the instructor’s
choice of assessment measures by providing information about student and class comprehension
of the material. The following are among the questions to consider EXCEPT ….
A. What level of learning do the students need to attain?
B. How does the lesson plan fit particular instructional principles?
C. What is the amount of time the instructor wants the students to use?
D. How does the assignment fit with the rest of the lesson plan?
E. What is the purpose of the assignment?

9. The closure step of a lesson plan is a chance to determine whether the students need additional
practice or to go over the lesson again. The following are examples of closure in aneffective lesson
plan EXCEPT ….
A. summarizing the characteristics of the lesson
B. discussing new things that the students learned about the lesson
C. giving them a couple of minutes to read or present the lesson to the class
D. asking what information from the lesson the students will find important
E. asking the students to summarize the lesson for students missing the class.

10. The presentation phase of a lesson plan can take a variety of forms. The following are suggestions
on how to present new materials to class EXCEPT ….
A. teacher centered explanation
B. student presentation
C. reading selection
D. listening selection
E. guided exercises

11. Ms. Francesca is going to facilitate a class,which consists of kinesthetic learners, to design a smart
classroom with particular room features provided in the form of pictures. For the purpose, the most
suitable learning resource for her to facilitate the group to learn would be….
A. outdoor activities in which the group has the chance to observe a real smart room
B. an audio recording describing the parts of a smart classroom to the group to listen
C. worksheets with questions guiding the group to describe parts of a smart classroom
D. discussions requiring the group members to share ideas to design a smart classroom
E. in-class activities involving a still picture of a smart classroom for the group to describe
12. A teacher who wants to have distance learning involving not only spoken but also pictographic
images which enable them to have face-to-face idea exchanges can most appropriately utilize
EXCEPT ….
A. skype
B. short message services
C. multimedia language laboratory
D. teleconference
E. google messenger

13. To facilitate students to have sufficient practice in guessing the content of a reading passage, a
teacher can make the best use of activities in which the students….
A. relate the accompanying pictures with the content
B. use a flowchart mapping the content of the passage
C. answer several comprehension questions provided
D. complete a table containing the passage outline
E. rearrange jumbled paragraphs of the passage

14. Handoyo is a type of a field-dependent learner who tends to be good at interpersonal relationships.
To optimize his learning of English, Ms. Yuli can set up learning environments for him which
provides him with an ample opportunity to…..
A. work on individually
B. finalize tasks in details
C. compete in doing tasks
D. perform under pressure
E. accomplish tasks in teams

15. None of the students is willing to act out a brief monolog on the danger of mobile phone use in the
classroom when Ms. Ramiga asks anyone to come forward. The empathetic communication
strategy she may use to make students secure is to….
A. tell the class it is OK to make pronunciation mistakes
B. remind the class to practice again before acting out
C. warrant the class mispronunciation is unavoidable
D. ask the class not to be afraid to be laughed at
E. advise the class not to be shy to practice

16. Consider the following dialog between a teacher and a student in a writing class:
T: “Next week, please do task 5 in groups of 3, OK?”
S: ”Mam, do you will have no class again?”
In response to the student’s question, the teacher shouldrespond by saying….
A. “Class, is Don’s English correct?”
B. “What did you say, Don? Say it again.”
C. “Your answer is grammatically wrong.”
D. “No. Say please – will you have no class.”
E. “No for sure. But, did you say – do you will?”

17. Integratedness in assessment means that….

A. assessment is aligned to not just teaching but also planning and objectives
B. eliciting is essentially a holistic process as competences differ in nature
C. assessment is directed not only to language components but also skills
D. instruments used to reveal competences should be varied in formats
 E. any assessment should include not just tests but also non-tests

18. Based on the indicator that follows: “Students act out a dialog to express meanings on a series of
photographs depicting a metamorphosis of an animal using appropriate language and idea
development”, the most appropriate scoring criteria relevant to the assessment procedure
include….
A. content, organization, language, and interaction
B. language, intelligibility, naturalness, and expression
C. information, organization, naturalness, and content
D. grammar, pronunciation, accuracy, and diction
E. clarity, information, accuracy, and vocabulary

19. The problem in Ms. Endah’s class is that her students tend to compete excessively in reading
classes. They do not have much experience working in task groups, and she believes that they
need to have more opportunities to do so as their attitudes in competing leads to an unhealthy
class atmosphere. To solve the problem, she designs an innovative instructional strategy through
classroom action research.The steps of which will need to have the elements of….
A. KWLH
B. SQ3R
C. jigsaw
D. mind mapping
E. click and clunk

20. A pretest may be needed in classroom action research, the function of which is….
A. to confirm that the problem observed initially is real
B. to know students’ initial ability to be compared later
C. to trace possible causes of the practical problems
D. to determine the appropriate teaching strategy
E. to identify the presence of practical problems

Professional

Directions:
To answer the following test items, you will have to read the related short texts. Each is followed by one
or more questions. Choose the one best answer – marked A, B, C, D, and E – to each question.

Questions 21 – 23 refer to the text below.

LerchenfelderStraße
7th district, LerchenfelderStraße, old Viennese House, central, close to subway U6, station
Thaliastraße.
Accommodation: all shopping facilities in the LerchenfelderStraße, inexpensive fruit-, vegetable- and
fresh goods stores in 5 minute walking distance.
Specials: central, apartments partially with view to the near park, various cozy restaurants and bars of
any kind in the neighborhood, very good infrastructure.
Parking: short term parking zone from 9am till 10pm; public garage on Schottenfeldgasse which is
approx. 5 walking minutes away.
Public transport: subway: U6 station Thaliastraße; tram: lines 46, 5; city center is reachable by public
transport in 8 minutes.
 
21. The text informs us about ….
 A. a description of Viennese House near the station
B. an inexpensive Town House in the hub of Vienna
C. a house close to apartments with view to the park
D. an offer of a classic residence in the city center
E. an offer of houses with all shopping facilities

22. The text writer is boasting about the property being ….

A. close to a number wonderful infrastructures
B. furnished with a bar and a large garage
C. located in a quiet neighborhood
D. completed with cheap restaurants
E. provided with all types of bars

23. Below are the advantages of the advertised stuff EXCEPT ….

A. relatively vintage
B. good facilities
C. close to park
D. parking area
E. near garage

Questions 24– 26 refer to the text below.

Ways to Avoid Sore Muscles
Sore muscles are often the result of pushing your body too hard or too fast. If you’re hoping to head
back to the gym, you’ll want to check out our tips.
1) Load up on antioxidants: Several studies find that taking antioxidants for 2 weeks before beginning
a new exercise program can minimize muscle soreness and help maintain muscle function. Take a
combined product containing vitamin C, vitamin E and at beta-carotene.
2) Start slowly: Get your body accustomed to physical activity before taking on a big project or
workout regimen. When you’re ready to get back on your bicycle, do it for a bit at a time. The same
goes for turning over the garden or reorganizing the garage.
3) Mix up your workouts: If you’re doing weight or resistance training, don’t work the same muscle
groups every day. Write down what your daily workout consists of, ideally in advance, but
afterwards is good, too.

24. In order to avoid sore muscles, we need to do the followings, EXCEPT….

A. plan physical activities in advance
B. take antioxidants before exercises
C. avoid abrupt start of physical activities
D. prevent the body from extra-hard work
E. get your body ready to the physical activities 

25. “The importance of taking antioxidants before beginning a new exercise” is ….

A. an a priori statement
B. a hypothetical statement
C. a prescriptive suggestion
D. a research-based argument
E. an important health solution

26. Among the purpose of the text istelling the readers about ….
A. the preparation of doing physical activities
 B. the ways to help maintain muscle function
C. how to maximize the effects of antioxidants
D. how to take antioxidants before doing exercises
E. the importance of exercises to make the body fit

Questions 27 – 29 refer to the text below.

Achaeans are people of an ancient region in the northern Peloponnesus, Greece. The term was
broadly used by Homer to designate all the inhabitants of ancient Greece. According to Greek
mythology, the Achaeans were descendants of Achaeus, grandson of Hellen, the legendary ancestor of
the Hellenes, or Greeks. The region where they lived was known as Achaea. References to the western
kingdom of Ahhiawa in Hittite documents of the 13th and 14th centuries BC have been thought by
some scholars to refer to the ancient city of Mycenae under Achaean domination. These documents
characterize the Achaeans as a maritime people inhabiting western Asia Minor and the island of Lésvos
in the Aegean Sea. In the Homeric period (circa 7th century BC) the Achaeans controlled southern
Thessaly (Thessalia) and most of the Pelopónnisos, but from the 6th to the 2nd century BC they were
restricted to a narrow strip on the north coast of the Pelopónnisos. In the 4th century BC they formed a
confederation of states known as the Achaean League.

27. The text tells us about ….

A. people of an ancient region in Peloponnesus
B. documents of the 13th and 14th centuries BC
C. all the inhabitants of ancient Greece
D. the ancient city of Mycenae, Greece
E. legendary ancestor of the Hellenes

28. The existence of the ancient city of Mycenae under Achaean domination was ….
A. an experts’ assumption
B. a strong hypothesis
C. an ancient legend
D. a historical fact
E. an empirical knowledge

29. The word “characterize” in the passage most nearly means ….

A. explain the characteristics of something
B. describe something by stating its main qualities
C. find the solution to a problem after a lot of thought
D. understand something or someone clearly
E. calculate something by stating its quantities

Questions 30 – 32 refer to the text below.

Cooking fish in foil parcels on the barbecue is a great way to ensure that the fish remains soft and moist
without being overcooked.
Ingredients
1 tablespoon olive oil; 250 g cherry tomatoes; 2 cloves garlic; 1⁄2 cup (75 g) pitted kalamata olives,
halved; 2 tablespoons capers; 2 teaspoons finely grated lemon zest; 2 teaspoons fresh thyme leaves;
black pepper; 4 blue-eye fillets or other thick firm white fillets; 1 tablespoon chopped fresh flat-leaf
parsley.

Preparation
 1. Preheat kettle or covered barbecue to 200°C. Combine the oil, tomatoes, garlic, olives, capers,
lemon zest and thyme in a bowl.
2. Season with pepper. Tear eight squares of baking paper, and divide into 4 lots of double-thick
baking paper.
3. Brush lightly with oil, and place a fish fillet onto each sheet. Top with the tomato mixture.
4. Fold the foil or baking paper up around the filling, and seal the edges to enclose. If you used
baking paper, place the parcels on a tray before putting into the barbecue; this will prevent the
paper from burning. Place the parcels on the hotplate or grill rack over indirect heat and close
the hood.
5. Cook for 20 minutes, or until the fish flakes when tested with a fork. Open the parcels, watching
for steam.

30. The word “barbecue” in the passage most nearly means ….

A. a metal frame on which something is cooked outside over a fire
B. a spicy sauce which is used to flavor food
C. a meal prepared and eaten outside, often during a party
D. a piece of equipment to heat a place
E. a hard black substance which can be used as fuel

31. Wrapped in baking paper, the parcels are placed on a tray before cooking in order to ….
A. heatthem quickly
B. produce good smell
C. be easy to remove
D. prevent them from burning
E. keep them fresh prior to cooking

32. The best title of the text is ….

A. Barbecued Fish Parcels
B. Fish in Crushed Tomatoes
C. Blue-Eye Fillets in Parcels
D. Fish in Pitted Kalamata Olives
E. Fish in Parcels on Hotplate

Questions 33 – 35 refer to the text below.

Natural Resources and Environment Minister Wan Junaidi said Malaysia is ready to send fire fighters
and officers to help Indonesia put out forest fire. After launching the smart tunnel run 2017 today, he
told media that the government is viewing forest fire in Indonesia seriously as it may spark off haze and
the government is ready to offer assistance. Junaidi said he has discussed with SahidanKassim who is
in charge of the Fire Department and the Special Malaysia Disaster Assistance and Rescue Team
(Smart) and the latter assured him that assistance can be extended to Indonesia. Junaidi would be
meeting with Riau and Jambi governors and plan to discuss with Aceh governor on assistance
extended to Indonesia. Based on the air pollution index (API) released by Department of Environment
(DOE), air quality remains at healthy level at the moment. No sign of haze caused by forest fire in
Indonesia at the moment. Malaysian Meteorological Department director-general AluiBahari said wind
in ASEAN would be blowing from south east or south west in the next few days.

33. The text above intends to ….

A. report Malaysia’s desire to aid Indonesia to battle forest fire
B. describeJunaidi’s launching of a smart tunnel run 2017
C. explain the government’s view the forest fire in Indonesia
 D. discussKassim’s assurance that assistance can be extended
E. discuss Malaysia’s plan to provide assistance to Indonesia

34. The most responsible party that has to put out the forest fire is ….
A. the Natural Resources Minister
B. the Special Malaysia Disaster Team
C. the Riau, Jambi, and Aceh governments
D. the Indonesian and Malaysian Governments
E. the Indonesian Department of Environment

35. The text implies that in the near future the air quality in the southern parts of Riau and Jambi will be
….
A. better
B. worse
C. stable
D. normal
E. cooler

Questions 36 – 38 refer to the graph below.

What does the body do when it is too hot?

36. The chart shows that ….

A. the sweat glands convert the body water to tears
B. the skin protects the sweat glands from radiation
C. the hypothalamus sends messages to sweat glands
D. the body water passes through the sweat glands
E. the heat in the environment causes radiation

37. Blood vessels near the surface of the skin are called ….
A. arterioles
B. hypothalamus
C. marrows
D. shunt vessel
E. skin
38. It can be inferred from the chart that when the arterioles are dilating ….
A. more blood passes through the shunt vessel
B. less blood passes through the ventricles
C. more blood flows to the skin surface
D. more heat can be created by radiation
E. less body water sand back to circulation

Questions 39– 41 refer to the text below.

Ernest Shackleton (1874-1922) led three expeditions to the Antarctic, on one of them coming within 179
km (111 ml) of reaching the South Pole—the closest anyone had come at that time. Shackleton is most
remembered for leading the fabled Endurance expedition, in which his men survived for ten months on
ice floes and on a barren uninhabited island after their ship was crushed by pack ice in the Weddell
Sea. Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton was born in County Kildare, Ireland, the eldest son and second of ten
children of a Quaker doctor and his wife. The Shackleton family motto was the Latin
phraseFortitudineVincimus (by endurance we conquer). Shackleton attended Dulwich College in
London, England, for three years before going to sea at age 16. He spent the next 11 years in the
merchant marine.
In 1901 Shackleton joined the British National Antarctic Expedition led by British naval officer Robert
Falcon Scott, sailing on the ship Discovery. The goal of the expedition was to reach the South Pole.

39. Ernest Shackleton was more famous for his role ….

A. as a survivor in a barren uninhabited island
B. in leading an expedition to the south pole
C. to survive for months on ice floes
D. as the main character of a story
E. in discovering the Antarctic

40. Endurance is actually ….

A. the name of an expedition to the South Pole
B. the other term for FortitudineVincimus
C. the title of an exaggerated biography
D. the name of a legendary hero
E. the name of Shackleton’s ship

41. The text implies that Shackleton’s expedition ….

A. never reached the south pole
B. failed after the shipwreck
C. was a temporary success
D. had become a legend
E. took place in 1901

Questions 42– 44 refer to the text below.

I was nine when I spoke to Dad for the last time. I’d forgotten to thank him for a birthday present. I
believe it was a Radio Shack radio.
“You forgot, huh?” he said, on the phone.
Long pause. I was a sensitive kid. I think I knew that my nine years as his son were about to get gutted.
“Dad?”
“Screw off,” he told me, a thousand miles, and a two-month old divorce, away.
I remember Mom grabbing the phone and screaming, “What did you say? What did you say to him?”
until she was crying as hard as I was.
Ten years later, he’d finally succeeded in drinking himself dead. As I stood over his coffin, I was out of
tears. Andregretted. I was out of everything, even breath. But I shoved a goodbye through the scar
tissue. I found some words.
“Thanks for the radio, Dad.”

42. The story is about ….

A. a boy recalling his old days with his parents
B. a mournful boy beside his dad’s coffin
C. a boy thinking for his father’s gift
D. a regretful broken family
E. a family serious feud

43. It is implied in the story that ….

A. finally the boy’s mother asked for a divorce
B. the boy’s father had committed suicide
C. the boy regretted asking for the old gift
D. the family ended due to a trivial conflict
E. the gift was in fact a radio shack radio

44. We learn from the story that ….

A. family feud may end up in a divorce
B. It is not easy to understand others
C. It is always late to regret about old days
D. It is unbearable to live in a broken family
E. Forgetting things may result in arguments

Questions 45– 47 refer to the text below.

Managed Intensive Rotational Grazing (MIRG), also known as cell grazing, mob grazing and holistic
managed planned grazing, is a variety of forage use in which herds/flocks are regularly and
systematically moved to fresh, rested grazing areas to maximize the quality and quantity of
forage growth. MIRG can be used with cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens, turkeys, ducks and other
animals. The herds graze one portion of pasture, or a paddock, while allowing the others to recover.
Resting grazed lands allows the vegetation to renew energy reserves, rebuild shoot systems, and
deepen root systems, resulting in long-term maximum biomass production. MIRG is especially effective
because grazers thrive on the more tender younger plant stems. MIRG also leave parasites behind to
die off minimizing or eliminating the need for de-wormers. Pasture systems alone can allow grazers to
meet their energy requirements.

45. The best title of the text is….

A. DifferentTypes of Grazing Processes
B. HolisticManagedPlannedGrazing
C. Managed Intensive Rotational Grazing 
D. Natural Ways of De-warming Pastures
E. Effectiveness of MIRC in Supplying Energy

46. The main purpose of MIRG is….

A. to deepen root systems for maximum biomass production
 B. to maximize the quality and quantity of forage growth
C. to allow the vegetation to renew energy reserves
D. to systematically move to fresh grazing areas
E. to allow grazers to meet their energy requirements

47. It can be inferred from the text that….

A. pasture systems allow grazers to meet their energy
B. MIRC enables grazing system to be more effective
C. MIRC allows pastures to recover much faster
D. animals minimize the need for de-wormers
E. MIRG can be used with any animal species

Questions 48– 50 refer to the text below.

Turmeric
Turmeric may have been protecting the health of an entire Indian subcontinent for about 5,000 years. A
traditional Indian diet features white rice and flour breads, which as rapidly digested carbs would
ordinarily raise blood sugar dramatically. But the presence of turmeric – the yellow spice that lends its
color to many curry dishes – helps to manage the potent impact on blood sugar. Curcumin, the active
ingredient in turmeric, is the compound believed to regulate fat metabolism in the body. Curcumin acts
directly on fat cells, pancreatic cells, kidney cells and muscle cells, dampening inflammation and
blocking the nefarious activities of cancer-causing tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6. Experts
believe the combined action of all of these factors together gives curcumin the power to reverse insulin
resistance, high blood sugar and high cholesterol, and other symptoms linked to obesity.

48. It is implied in the text that ….

A. turmeric regulates fat metabolism in the body
B. curcumin is as effective as turmeric for health
C. turmeric prevents the rapid blood sugar raise
D. curcumin and turmeric reverse insulin resistance
E. curcumin helps to minimize the impact obesity

49. The word “dampening” in the text means ….

A. making feelings less strong
B. making something slightly wet
C. make something smaller in size
D. increasing the amount as a whole
E. stopping an occasion from being comfortless

50. The text suggests that ….

A. we consider consuming turmeric in our diet
B. curcumin is powerful in protecting our body
C. turmeric contains a number of useful nutrients
D. curcumin prevents us from extreme obesity
E. turmeric contents regulate fat metabolism in the body

Items 51 and 52 are based on the following passage.

Content-based instruction (CBI) is an effective method of combining language and content learning.
Theme based CBI works well in EFL contexts. Its use will increase as teachers continue to design (51)
… in response to student needs and interests. Learner motivation increases when students are learning
about something, rather than just studying language. Theme based CBI is particularly appealing in this
respect because (52) … that they feel their students will enjoy.

51. Which option best completes (51)?

A. an innovative idea
B. a thematic syllabus
C. an inspiring concept
D. a challenging model
E. an effective standard

52. Which option best completes (52)?

A. teachers can use any content materials
B. students are interested in various topics
C. teachers will ensure exciting materials
D. interesting themes teachers use warrant
E. several studies on teachers lead to the idea

Items 53 and 54 are based on the following passage.

Flipped Learning allows for a variety of learning modes; educators often physically rearrange their
learning spaces to accommodate a lesson or unit, to support either group work or independent study.
They create flexible spaces in which students choose when and where they learn. Furthermore,
educators who flip their classes are flexible in their expectations of student timelines for learning and in
their assessments of student learning.

53. The underlined word ‘accommodate’ is synonymous with….

A. hold
B. spare
C. afford
D. stay
E. settle

54. The antonym of the underlined word ‘flexible’ is ….

A. lenient
B. stringent
C. suitable
D. deficient
E. convenient

Carl Wieman and colleagues have published evidence that flipping the classroom can produce
significant learning gains. They compared two sections of a large- (56)… physics class. The classes
were both taught via interactive lecture methods for the majority of the semester.

55. The word that best completes the missing space is….
A. enroll
B. enroller
C. enrolled
D. enrolling
E. enrollment

Items 56 and 57 are based on the following passage.

The commonly used acronym BICS describes social, conversational language used for oral
communication. Also described as social language, this type of communication offers many cues to the
listener and is (56) …. BICS describes the development of conversational fluency in the second
language, (57) … for students from different linguistic backgrounds to comprehend context-embedded
social language readily.

56. Which option best completes (56)?

A. context-embedded language
B. language context-embedded
C. embedded-language context
D. language-embedded context
E. context-language embedded

57. Which option best completes (57)?

A. which takes about two years
B. which it takes about two years
C. which taking about two years
D. which take about two years
E. which to take about two years

Natural language processing (NLP) is one aspect of machine learning, big data, and artificial
intelligence that has the potential to truly change everything. (58)In its most critical terms, natural
language processing is the ability of a computer to understand natural human speech as it is spoken.

58. The underlined part In its most critical terms in the passage may be best rephrased as….
A. basically
B. practically
C. technically
D. empirically
E. evidently

KWL charts help students to be active thinkers while they read, giving them specific things to look for
and having them reflect on what they learned (59)when they are finished reading. KWLuses the
metacognitive strategy of self-questioning to ensure that students comprehend the content presented in
the lesson. When students set their own purposes for reading, they are more motivated and active as
readers.

59. The underlined part when they are finished reading in the passage may be best rephrased as….
A. upon reading
B. when reading
C. their reading end
D. their reading done
E. reading completion

There is often confusion over the difference between grades and learning assessment. Some believe
they are totally unrelated and others think they are one and the same. The truth is, it depends.
(60)Grades are often based on more than just learning outcomes. Grading criteria often include
behaviors or activities that are not measures of learning outcomes, such as attendance, participation,
improvement, or effort. Although these may be correlated with learning outcomes, and can be valued
aspects of the course, typically they are not measures of learning outcomes themselves.
60. The underlined part Grades are often based on more than just learning outcomes in the passage
may be best rephrased as….
A. Grades include many more activities than learning outcomes
B. Grades come from a wider scope than outcomes of learning
C. Grading covers learning outcomes and other components
D. Grading systems are complex beyond learning outcomes
E. Grades constitute not just learning outcomes but others

61. The meaning that best expresses these two sentences: ‘Last year we went to Jogjakarta’ and ‘It is
perhaps the best education city’ is….
A. Last year we went to Jogjakarta that is perhaps still the best education city
B. Last year we went to Jogjakarta that it is perhaps still the best education city
C. Last year we went to Jogjakarta which is perhaps still the best education city
D. Last year we went to Jogjakarta where it is perhaps still the best education city
E. Last year we went to Jogjakarta which it is perhaps still the best education city

62. … your students could not finish all the items of the test, what would your decision be?
A. Even though
B. While
C. Supposing
D. Whenever
E. As though

63. The meaning that best expresses this: ‘The students would not finish their work even if the teacher
was there’ is….
A. The students would not have finished their work even if the teacher would have been there
B. The students would not have finished their work even if the teacher had been there
C. The students would not have finished their work even if the teacher were there
D. The students had not finished their work even if the teacher would not be there
E. The students had not finished their work even if the teacher were there

64. In the English teaching learning process under meaning orientation, meaning negotiation is focused
in that communication is considered running in so far as you can understand and….
A. understood
B. be understood
C. are understood
D. to be understood
E. being understood

65. We planned to attend the conference overland; but it was not easy to find the transports … we
traveled as most were fully booked.
A. in which
B. which
C. where
D. that
E. by which
66. Based on her progress, there is a … possibility that Nina will have finished her Master’s study by
the end of the semester.
A. clear
B. vivid
C. bright
D. distinct
E. obvious

67. The garden scene around the campus is very nice so during the break time students feelthey … a
good time sitting there.
A. use
B. have
C. enjoy
D. spend
E. experience

68. The language used in the student’s poetry was … decorated with beautiful expressions of peace.
A. richly
B. fully
C. nicely
D. lovely
E. prettily

69. Having no idea to answer the examiner’s question, Agung murmured as though to the examiner he
whispered….
A. softly
B. quietly
C. gently
D. silently
E. mutely

70. Dominik reached the class at …. As a result, he missed a lot of important information.
A. the long odds
B. the eleventh hour
C. the main chance
D. the unhappy hour
E. the bad time

71. Thesis completion needs not only consistent struggles but also academic independence. Students
cannot just … their thesis advisor for ideas.
A. bank on
B. look up to
C. stick up for
D. take on
E. run into

72. Everyone is given a chance to revise their writing assignment no later than 13.00 p.m., Friday 27.
Late submissions will not be considered, and the grade will be announced as….
A. cut and dried
B. safe and sound
 C. fair and square
D. bright and early
E. first and foremost

Items 73 and 74 are based on the following passage.

Wine making has been around for thousands of years. (73) …. It is a natural process requiring little
human intervention. However, each wine maker guides the process through different techniques. In
general, there are five basic components of the wine making process: harvesting, crushing and
pressing, fermentation, clarification, and aging and bottling. (74) …. However, they also add variations
and deviations along the way to make their wine unique.

73. Which option best completes (73)?

A. Wine making is not known by many
B. This makes wine popular universally
C. It is not only an art but also a science
D. Wine makers have a secret to do it
E. Sometimes machines are involved

74. Which option best completes (74)?

A. Careful handling is assured in wine making
B. Wine making normally takes a long process
C. Good wine factories use standard processes
D. Wine makers typically follow these five steps
E. However, these depends on the grape quality

Items 75, 76, and 77 are based on the following passage.

The Monitor hypothesis explains the relationship between acquisition and learning and defines the
influence of the latter on the former. The monitoring function is the practical result of the learned
grammar. (75) …, according to Krashen, the acquisition system is the utterance initiator, while the
learning system performs the role of the 'monitor' or the 'editor'. (76) …, the 'monitor' acts in a planning,
editing and correcting function when three specific conditions are met: (77) …, the second language
learner has sufficient time at his/her disposal, he/she focuses on form or thinks about correctness, and
he/she knows the rule.

75. Which option best completes (75)?

A. Clearly
B. Theoretically
C. Amazingly
D. Practically
E. Conversely

76. Which option best completes (76)?

A. The learner does so
B. By doing like it
C. On doing that
D. In so doing
E. With that

77. Which option best completes (77)?

A. for instance
 B. given that
C. that is
D. in that
E. as

Items 78 and 79 are based on the following passage.

The planet is warming, from North Pole to South Pole. Since 1906, the global average surface
temperature has increased between 0.6 to 0.9 degrees Celsius–even more in sensitive polarregions.
The effects of rising temperatures are not waiting for some far-flung future–signs of the effects of global
warming are appearing right now. (78) ….
(79) …. Climate models predict that the addition of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere will
shift precipitation in two main ways. The first shift is in a strengthening of existing precipitation patterns.
This is commonly called "wet get wetter, dry get drier." Warmer air traps more water vapor, and
scientists expect that additional water to fall in already wet parts of the Earth.

78. Which option best completes (78)?

A. Two obvious signs are ensuing: precipitation patterns and animals.
B. Several global sufferings have begun to become obvious and observable.
C. The danger is now appearing right in front of us approaching globally.
D. But, are we really aware of some obvious disastrous threats ahead?
E. These impact lives all over the globe hazardously in many ways.

79. Which option best completes (79)?

A. The most obvious signs of rainfall patterns are shifting now.
B. The shift is a change in storm tracks from the equator to the poles.
C. The greenhouse gases are implicated in how precipitation falls globally.
D. Climate change is altering rainfall patterns worldwide more extensively.
E. Wet areas get wetter, dry areas get drier, storm tracks move to the poles

80. The best arrangement of these sentences to make a logical paragraph is…
1. A good education system must have common goals in every areas of country to provide a
suitable and proper learning to its citizens.
2. In such a competitively challenging world, it is a must for all to have good education.
3. A country cannot grow and develop without the individual growth and development of its
citizens.
4. Also, some people have not enough skill to earn money for their daily routine just because of
the lack of proper education system.
5. Thus, the development of any country depends hugely on the education standard available to
its citizens.
6. Therefore, we should try to have equal opportunities of good education system for everyone.
7. But, because of the lack of knowledge and skills, some people are uneducated and living
painful life.

A. 1–7–4–3–6–5–2
B. 2–6–7–4–3–5–1
C. 2–7–4–6–3–5–1
D. 1–6–4–7–2–3–5
E. 3–5–7–4–6–2–1