FINANCE

Definition
Finance, often known as financial analysis, is the art of managing money and making
investments for both businesses and individuals. It is the process of managing the company's
financial rezources.

Career Prospects:
 Financial Analyst
 Manager, Corporate Development
 Vice President, Investment Management
 Equity Research Analyst
 Director, Sales & Trading
 Managing Director, Investment Banking
 Chief Financial Officer

Education & Professional Certification:

 Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) certification
 Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) designation
 Certified Financial Planner (CFP) designation
 Financial Risk Manager (FRM) certification
 Financial Modeling & Valuation Analyst (FMVA) certification

User Orientation/Focus

Scope:
Financial management helps a particular organisation to utilise their finances most profitably.
This is achieved via the following three conducts.
 Investment decision – Investment decision depicts investing in a fixed asset; it is also
referred to as capital budgeting. Investment decisions can be of either long-term or short-
term basis.
 Financing decision – This scope of financial management indicates the possible sources
of raising finances from various resources. They are of 2 different types Financial
 planning decisions attempt to estimate the sources and possible application of
accumulated funds. A proper financial planning decision and Capital structure decisions.

 Dividend decision – It involves decisions taken with regards to net profit distribution. It
is divided into two categories wich are Dividend for the shareholders and Retained profits
(usually depends on a particular company’s expansion and diversification plans).

ACCOUNTING

Definition
Accounting is the systematic process of recognizing, classifying, summarizing, and recording
transactions that affect an entity's day-to-day operations in order to determine a profit or loss for
a certain time.

Career Prospects
 Treasurer
 Accounts Payable Analyst
 Manager, Financial Reporting
 Director, Financial Planning and Analysis
 Controller
 Chief Financial Officer

Education & Professional Certification

 Certified Public Accountant
 Chartered Global Management Accountant
 Certified Management Accountant
 Certified Internal Auditor
 Certified Fraud Examiner
 Certified Government Auditing Professional
 Certified Information Systems Auditor
 Certified Information Technology Professional

User Orientation/Focus
Scope:

The activity of accounting starts where the work of book-keeping ends. From this point of view,
the following are the scope of accounting…
 To verify and test the entries in book-keeping.
 To test the total and balances amount of ledger.
 To prepare a trial balance from the ledger.
 To prepare various final accounts like trading account, manufacturing account, profit and
loss account, and balance sheet.
 To disclose adjustments.
 To rectify errors.
 To check out conclusions on the basis of an analysis of financial adjustments and
statements.