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Database design is the process of producing a detailed data model of database to meet an
end users requirement.
It is a process of constructing a data model for each view of the real world problem which
is independent of physical considerations.
ER Modelling :
Pictorial Representation of the Real world problem in terms of entities (which have
attributes) and relations between the entities is referred as ER diagram.
The Cardinality of relationships among the entities can be considered while deriving the
One-to-one:
Each remaining entity is modeled by a table with a primary key and attributes, some of
which may be foreign keys
One-to-many
Many-to-many
Normalization of Tables
In most cases in the enterprise world , normalization upto Third Normal form would
suffice.
In certain cases or some transactions it is desirable that certain table be denormalised for
efficiency in querying the database tables.In those cases tables can be in denormalised
form.
3.Physical database design
The physical design of the database specifies the physical configuration of the database
on the storage media.
This step involves describing the base relations, file organizations, and indexes design
used to achieve efficient access to the data, and any associated integrity constraints and
security measures.