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18/04/11

Honey: a potent agent for wound healing?

Lusby PE, Coombes A, Wilkinson JM.
J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2002 Nov;29(6):295-300.
School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia.
Comment in:

J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2002 Nov;29(6):273-4.

Abstract
Although honey has been used as a traditional remedy for burns and wounds, the potential for its inclusion in mainstream medical care
is not well recognized. Many studies have demonstrated that honey has antibacterial activity in vitro, and a small number of clinical case
studies have shown that application of honey to severely infected cutaneous wounds is capable of clearing infection from the wound
and improving tissue healing. The physicochemical properties (eg, osmotic effects and pH) of honey also aid in its antibacterial actions.
Research has also indicated that honey may possess antiinflammatory activity and stimulate immune responses within a wound. The
overall effect is to reduce infection and to enhance wound healing in burns, ulcers, and other cutaneous wounds. It is also known that
honeys derived from particular floral sources in Australia and New Zealand (Leptospermum spp) have enhanced antibacterial activity,
and these honeys have been approved for marketing as therapeutic honeys (Medihoney and Active Manuka honey). This review
outlines what is known about the medical properties of honey and indicates the potential for honey to be incorporated into the
management of a large number of wound types.
PMID: 12439453

Zentralbl Veterinarmed A. 1998 Apr;45(3):181-8.

Effects of topical application of honey on cutaneous wound healing in rabbits.
Oryan A, Zaker SR.
Pathology Department, Veterinary School, Shiraz University, Iran.
Abstract
Although it has been known for many centuries that honey can accelerate wound healing, there have only been isolated reports of its
use in the healing of burns, ulcers, infected wounds and open wounds. None of these reports developed a model to assess the changes
in morphological and biochemical properties due to topical application of honey on cutaneous wounds. In the present investigation,
efficacy of honey in the healing of cutaneous wounds of rabbits was studied on the basis of histopathological and biochemical changes.
For this reason 40 healthy White New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to four equal groups. Using aseptic surgical technique, a
3 cm incision was made on the skin of the left thigh of each rabbit and the wounds of five rabbits in each group were twice daily treated
with topical application of 5 ml pure unheated honey. The other half remained as untreated controls. Rabbits in groups A, B, C and D
were biopsied on days 2, 7, 14 and 21 postoperatively respectively, and biopsies from the lesions of all groups were collected for
histopathological studies and from groups C and D for biomechanical evaluations as well. Treated lesions showed less oedema, fewer
polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cell infiltration, less necrosis, better wound contraction, improved epithelialization and lower
glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan concentration on days 2 and 7 postoperatively and better tissue organization and consequently an
improved tissue ultimate strength and yield strength on days 14 and 21 postoperation. These findings suggest that honey applied
topically on cutaneous wounds accelerates the healing processes and appears to have an important property that makes it ideal as a
dressing for cutaneous wounds.
PMID: 9673575
Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci. 2005 Jul;44(4):43-5.
The use of honey as a topical dressing to treat a large, devitalized wound in a stumptail macaque (Macaca arctoides).
Staunton CJ, Halliday LC, Garcia KD.
Research Services, Edward Hines VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois 60141, USA.
Abstract
There are many reasons wounds are managed as open wounds rather than by primary closure. Indications include gross
contamination, infection, and skin loss leading to insufficient adjacent tissue for wound closure. The most common method of
managing an open wound is with wet-to-dry dressings. Wet-to-dry dressings provide mechanical debridement and promote the
movement of viscous exudates away from the wound. Wet-to-dry bandages ideally are changed every 12 to 24 h. For nonhuman
primates, it is desirable to develop wound management techniques that limit animal handling for bandage changes and thus the
frequency of sedation. Anecdotal reports on the use of honey to treat wounds date back to 2000 B.C. Recently, scientific inquiries have
found merit to these reports. Honey accelerates healing because of its direct effects on tissue and antibacterial properties. In addition,
dressings with honey can be changed relatively infrequently. Honey decreases inflammatory edema, hastens sloughing of devitalized
tissue, attracts macrophages which cleanse the wound, provides a local cellular energy source, and protectively covers the wound. A
high osmolarity, acidity, and hydrogen peroxide content confer honey with antibacterial properties. Here we describe the use of honey
to manage a bite wound in a stumptail macaque (Macaca arctoides). The wound healed rapidly: after 2 weeks of treatment, there was
markedly less exudate and no necrotic tissue. This report describes how honey may be helpful in the management of open wounds in
nonhuman primates by minimizing the need for sedation for bandage changes.
PMID: 16050668

J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2009 Jan-Mar;21(1):103-5.

Management of diabetic foot by natural honey.
Makhdoom A, Khan MS, Lagahari MA, Rahopoto MQ, Tahir SM, Siddiqui KA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro Sindh, Pakistan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Many studies have demonstrated that honey has antibacterial activity in vitro, and a small number of clinical case
studies have shown that application of honey to severely infected cutaneous wounds is capable of clearing infection from the wound
and improving tissue healing. Research has also indicated that honey may possess anti-inflammatory activity and stimulate immune
responses within a wound. The overall effect is to reduce infection and to enhance wound healing in burns, ulcers, and other cutaneous
wounds. The objective of the study was to find out the results of topical wound dressings in diabetic wounds with natural honey.
METHODS: The study was conducted at department of Orthopaedics, Unit-1, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences,
Jamshoro from July 2006 to June 2007. Study design was experimental. The inclusion criteria were patients of either gender with any

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age group having diabetic foot Wagner type I, II, III and II. The exclusion criteria were patients not willing for studies and who needed
urgent amputation due to deteriorating illness. Initially all wounds were washed thoroughly and necrotic tissues removed and dressings
with honey were applied and continued up to healing of wounds.
RESULTS: Total number of patients was 12 (14 feet). There were 8 males (66.67%) and 4 females (33.33%), 2 cases (16.67%)
were presented with bilateral diabetic feet. The age range was 35 to 65 years (46 +/- 9.07 years). Amputations of big toe in 3 patients
(25%), second and third toe ray in 2 patients (16.67%) and of fourth and fifth toes at the level of metatarsophalengeal joints were
done in 3 patients (25%). One patient (8.33%) had below knee amputation.
CONCLUSION: In our study we observed excellent results in treating diabetic wounds with dressings soaked with natural honey. The
disability of diabetic foot patients was minimized by decreasing the rate of leg or foot amputations and thus enhancing the quality and
productivity of individual life.
PMID: 20364754

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