STARS

Stars- are huge ball of burning gas that are scattered throughout the universe.

 They burn for millions of years, giving off both light and heat.
 Stars produce energy by process of nuclear fusion.

COMPOSITION OF THE STAR

Almost entirely hydrogen in almost all stars

 90% Hydrogen ( by number of atom)

 10% Helium
 Tiny traces of heavy elements

The Chemical Composition of in stellar clouds our galaxy contains not only star, but also
clouds of gas and dust some glow brightly and Lit up nearby star.

ORIGIN OF THE STAR

 From the gas of clouds and dust so far away it need 100,000 years to reach them.
 Gravity gathers hydrogen gas and particles of dust and the clouds grow more dense
tighter the hydrogen heat up to a fantastic 18 million degrees Fahrenheit.
 Nuclear fusion turn hydrogen into helium and the fire ignites a Star born.
 A galaxy contains clouds of dust and gas, as well as star it is the clouds of dust and gas
that star born. As more and more of the (which is mostly hydrogen) is pulled together by
gravity into cloud starts to spin. The gas of atoms start to bump into each other faster and
faster. This creates heat energy the cloud get hotter and hotter finally, it get so hot within
the cloud that called "NUCEAR FUSION" happens.
 The cloud begins to glow, the glowing cloud of gas is now knowing as a PROTOSTAR
Continues to grow once it stop growing it is known as a main sequence star. A MAIN
SEQUENCE STAR star can shine for millions of years or more.
 Medium Stars after the nuclear fusion has used up all the fuel it has the gravity will pull the
remaining material closer together. The star will shrink, in fact it may get to be only a few
hundred kilometers. Wide the stars is then called white dwarf it can stay like this for a long time,
eventually, it will stop producing any light at all. It is then called a black dwarf and it will stay
that way forever.

Massive Stars in a large size stars, nuclear fusion will continue until iron is formed in stars
iron acts like an energy sponge. It soaks up the stars energy, this energy is eventually released in
a big explosion called supernova. The little bit of matter that used to be at the centre of the star
before supernova will then be either a neutron star or a black hole. Which object it becomes
depends on the size of the original star. Stars that are even bigger than that will become black
hole.

STAR begin as cloud of gas called "Nebulae"

A nebula is a huge mass of gas and solid materials that appear to be solid however it is
mostly composed of dust and gas slowly condensing into star.

A Star life begins with the gravitational collapse of gaseous Nebula of material composed
primarily of hydrogen.

NOVAE and SUPERNOVAE

Sometimes a Star appears in the sky quite suddenly. This happen when there are a pair
star rotating together these are called Binaries and there are usually one large star called a red
giant, orbiting with a smaller, hotter star the nova takes place when gas drawn from the red giants
into smaller star, where the heat causes a massive explosion and emits have amount of light.
Binary and Multi-star system consist of two or more star that are gravitationally bound and
generally move around each other in stable orbits. When two such stars have a relatively close
orbit their gravitational interaction can have a significant impact on their evolution star can form
part of much larger gravitationally bound structure such as cluster or galaxy.

CHARACTERISTIC OF STAR BRIGHTNESS

1. COLOR
2. SURFACE TEMPERATURE
3. SIZE
4. MASS
5. MAGNETIC FIELD

CONSTELLATION

A multitude of Stars imaginary pattern made from the stars made up over 6,000 years
ago. Concept of a constellation was known to exist during the Babylonian period. Ancient sky
watchers imagined that prominent arrangements of star formed patterns, and they associated these
with particular aspects of nature or their myth.

ZODIAC CONSTELLATION

WHAT IS THE ZODIAC?

 Earth orbits our sun once each year. Viewed from earth, our sun appears to trace a
circular path. This path defines a plane called the plane of ecliptic (or just ecliptic) the zodiac is
the group (or "belt") of constellation that fall along the plane of ecliptic. It is through these
constellations that our sun appears to "pass" during the year.

Constellation Names

Constellation names associated with figures from mythology were given to a number of
prominent constellations. These include most of the members of the Perseus family (Perseus,
Andromeda, Cassiopeia, Cetus, Cepheus, Pegasus, and Auriga), the Hercules family (Hercules,
Sagitta, Aquila, Lyra, Cygnus, Hydra, Crater, Corvus, Ophiuchus, Serpens, Centaurus, Lupus,
Corona Australis, and Ara), the Orion family (Orion, Canis Major, Canis Minor, Lepus,
Monoceros), the Zodiac family (Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpius,
Sagittarius, Capricornus, Aquarius, Pisces), and the Ursa Major family (Ursa Major, Ursa Minor,
Draco, Canes Venatici, Boötes, and Corona Borealis).

1. Orion - The Greek hunter Best viewed in April

2. Ursa Major - The large Bear Best viewed in april
3. Ursa Minor - The small bear Best viewed in june
4. Leo - The lion best viewed in april
5. Canis Major - The greater dog Best viewed in February
6. Cassiopeia - The Queen Best viewed in november
7. Gemini - The twins Best viewed in february
8. Scorpius - The scorpion best viewed in July
9. Taurus - The bull Best viewed in January
10. Virgo - The young maiden
11. Libra - The scale
12. Cancer - The crab