Speed controllers for motors

This triac-based 220V AC motor speed controller circuit is designed for controlling the speed of
small household motors like drill machines. The speed of the motor can be controlled by changing
the setting of P1. The setting of P1 determines the phase of the trigger pulse that fires the triac.
The circuit incorporates a self-stabilizing technique that maintains the speed of the motor even
when it is loaded
Lamp dimmer circuits
The triac may be fired into the conducting state by a simple resistive triggering circuit, a more
reliable and faster turn-on may be had if a switching device is used in series with the gate. One of
the switching devices that can trigger a triac is the diac

AC Lamp Dimmer Circuit Working Explanation - Electrothinks

AC Motor Speed Controller Circuit (electroschematics.com)