CH# 2 WORKSHEET Subject:

Biology

Solving a biological problem

MCQs

1. In __________ many different causes of malaria are being suggested.

a) 19 b)18 c)17 d)16

2. AFA king listed ______ observations about spread of malaria.

a) 25 b)10 c)15 d)20

3. ________ is a cause of malaria.

a) virus b) COVID-19 c) plasmodium d) all of these

4. Ronald Ross used ______ in his experiments.

a) sparrows b) culex mosquito c) Rabbit d) Both a and b

5. The word vector means ________

a) bacteria b) virus c) transmitter d) none of these

6. _______ is used for the treatment of malaria.

a) quinine b) algae c) mushrooms d) none of these

7. Quinine extracted from the bark of ______ plant.

a) pine tree b) cinchona c) citrus d) mushrooms

8. A theory after verification becomes _________

a) principle b) law c) hypothesis d) both a and b

9. Hypothesis should be a ____________ statement.

a) general b) verified c) true d) all of these

10. The comparison of one number to another number is a______

a) fraction b) ratio c) proportion d) none of these

11. Studying ________ develops reasoning ability.

a) biology b) chemistry c) mathematics d) English

12. _______ transmit plasmodium so are involved in the spread of malaria.

a) humans b) mosquitoes c) rabbits d) cats

Short Question Answers

1. What is the contribution of the following scientists?

a)A.F.A King

Ans:A physician A. F. A. King listed 20 observations about spread of malaria.

Some important observations were:

• People who slept outdoors were more likely to get malaria than those
who slept indoors.
• People who slept under fine nets were less likely to get malaria than
those who did not use such nets.
• lndividual who slept near smoky fire usually did not get malaria

b) Ronald Ross
Experiments of Ronald Ross: Ross, a British army physician working in
lndia performed an important experiment.
He allowed a female Anopheles mosquito to bite a malarial patient. He
killed the mosquito some days later and found Plasmodium multiplying in
mosquito's stomach. Next Ross used sparrows in his experiments. He
allowed female Culex mosquitos to bite on the sparrows suffering from
malaria. He then allowed these mosquitoes to bite healthy sparrows. The
sparrows got malaria.

2. What is the importance of data organization and data analysis in

biological sciences?
Ans: Data analysis is important for rejecting, modifying or confirming a
hypothesis.
1. Rejecting a Hypothesis: Malaria occurs in marshy places.
Based on this data the hypothesis will be:
Marshy water causes malaria.
20 persons drank marshy water. No one suffered from malaria. So, the
hypothesis is rejected on the basis of data that 20 persons drank marshy
water and did not suffer from malaria.
2. Modifying Hypothesis: After rejection of "Marshy waters as cause of malaria"
hypothesis was modified on the basis of other observations.
Modified hypothesis: Plasmodium is the cause of malaria"

3. Confirming Hypothesis: Data analysis of repeated experiments

confirmed the hypothesis that "Plasmodium is the cause of malaria,'.

3. Can you distinguish between ratio and proportion?

Ratio Proportion
1. The comparison of one number The comparison of two ratios is
to another number is called a called proportion.
ratio
2. The two numbers are separated The two ratios are equal and
by : sign separated by equality sign
3. Example 3:1 Example: 10/50 = 1/5

4. Why it is impossible to eradicate malaria?

The malaria parasite continuously changes in the body so the immunity of
body also needs to change. The parasite's ability to evolve also make it more
resistant to treatment medicines. So it is difficult to eradicate it.

5. What was the main purpose of experiment by Ronald Ross?

The main purpose was to find out that mosquitoes transmit plasmodium and
spread malaria .He allowed a female Anopheles mosquito to bite a malarial
patient. Next Ross used sparrows in his experiments. He allowed female Culex
mosquitoes to bite on the sparrows suffering from malaria. He then allowed
these mosquitoes to bite healthy sparrows. The sparrows got malaria. Thus the
hypothesis got confirmed.
6. Why Ross did not allow the infected mosquitoes to bite a healthy person?
In science, direct experimentation on humans is avoided as it is dangerous to
the life of a healthy person. So Ross first used sparrows for experiment on
hypothesis that plasmodium is the cause of malaria. ln the end, the hypothesis
was tested by direct experimentation on human being.

7. Justify mathematics as an integral part of the scientific studies.

Mathematics is essential to many sciences. The most important function of
mathematics in science is the role it plays in the expression of scientific
models. Studying mathematics develops reasoning ability.

8. What ways do you use the scientific method in everyday life?

It is as follows:
a. Identify a problem to solve
b. Describe the problem in detail.
c. Form a hypothesis about what the possible cause of the problem might
be, or what a potential solution could be.

9. Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative observations.

Qualitative observations Quantitative observations

1. They are based on some quality They are based on measureable value
or characteristic
2. It is expressed in terms of some It is expressed in terms of numbers
quality
3. Example: The freezing point of Example: The freezing point is 0 C
water is colder than boiling and boiling point is 100 C
point.

10. What are the characteristics of hypothesis?

Ans: A hypothesis should have following characteristics:
a. lt should be a general statement.
b. lt should be tentative idea
c. It should agree with the available observations.
d. lt should be testable and potentially falsifiable.
 11.What do you know about dengue fever?
Ans: lt is a mosquito-borne viral disease. lt is caused by a Dengue virus and
transmitted by mosquito Aedes aegypti, which has zebra like white and black stripe
on its body. Typical case of Dengue haemorrhage fever is characterized by high
fever, bleeding from nose, blood in urine and enlarged liver etc .

12.What is data organization and data analysis?

Ans: The collection of facts or information is called data. First data is collected
then data is organized by using techniques such as tables and graphs. To predict
On the basis of data is called analysis. Analysis of data is done by means of ratio
and proportion.

13. What is vector?

Ans: The word vector means transmitter. Any organism which carries a parasite
and transfers from one organism to another is called vector.

14.What were the early observations about malaria in 19 century?

Ans: There were four major observations about malaria.
a. Malaria and marshy areas have some relation.
b. Quinine is an effective drug for treating malaria.
c. Drinking the water of marshes does not cause malaria.
d. Plasmodium is seen in the blood of malarial patient.

15.What were the major steps involve in biological method?

Ans. It has following steps:
1. Recognition of the biological problem
2. Observations
3. Formulation of hypothesis
4. Deductions
5. Experimentation
6. Summarization of results