This very short E-book aims to give you a really brief idea about the space design pro- cess in architecture and doesn't aim at all and doesn't claim that it will make you a master of the space design, But at least hopefully it may help in guiding you - in parallel with my other ebooks- to think from a wider perspective about the architectural design process. TifaINTORDUCTION | Architecture is more than just some lines or contours on a paper. The architectural design process is an unexpected journey. Itmay start with a series of representive sketch- es or models, but as the ideas develop, the archiect and the client take important decisions. While taking these decisions, the architect is going to use some strategies regarding the use of the spaces by the users, the relation be- tween the building and its context, the ventila- tion, the use of the materials,..et These decision strengthen the very first con- cept of he building, and helps to kep the wholeness of your design approach. So, according to that, how should we design the spaces of our project? In this E-book we are going to have a very brief intro about this topic. Don't forget to follow me on @fifa.studio to keep updated about my latest releases. TifaAbout the Author ai: Award winning Architect and writer ! Tifa studio founder Check my works at @TIFA.STUDIO“A great building must begin with the immeasurable; it must go through ! measurable means a wee am while it is designed, XN = and ultimately, it must Dy be immeasurable. ” Louis kahn In this eBook, welll take a closer look at the measurable tools!SPACE Bb) Ss) iC),Space design is a complicated process. The priority of the space design principles is to meet the requirements of the criteria mentioned in the program. And in order to meet these requirements sometimes you need to find more than one solution for multiple functions, you also need to be good at geometry and basic design so that you can find the good solution for your spaces so maybe it is the time for revising your basic design notes :) ian LS1 Gathering data Customers or users will have multiple requirements in the design of a building or space. It is important to do a deep research in the very early stages of design and consider the use of spaces as broadly as possible. Some of these issues can be listed as follows:Do the spaces we will create have a specific function that will restrict us? And do they have to be in a certain shape or form? Do the spaces have different re- quirements in terms of light, ven- tilation, view, accessibility? Does any of the locations have a specific security, privacy or confidentiality requirement? What relationships should each space have with each other and with external environ- aaa) ie Which spaces need to be inter- related and which spaces need to be separate? etc... Do areas or Spaces need to be flexible? Do areas or Spaces need access to the outdoors? Do spaces have hierarchical requirements? How should spaces and spaces be connected? dential unit is designed, iderations may include the following: Family size and composition - the location of the land - Number of floors - Personal and family interests and activities etc ...We will research and think of each space and what are its requirements, then we can start designing 1. Relationships (the relations among the spaces such as the close- ness and circulation 2. Views and orientation 3. approach and entrances 4. Time sequence (according to the activity orexperi- ence, 5. what kind of at- mosphere, environ- ment does your space need? 6. The characteris- tics and properities of the participating users. * @ B® ee ve 7. The degree of emergency or criti- cal situations eeee e@ee0e@ eeee 8. How often would the activity happen? 9. The expected ex- pansion, bignes, growth or differenceSo, briefly we should be doing “space analysis” 10. Privacy and the social dimen- sion 11. the users scenar- io, what would they feel, how would they enter and pass the space, what is their experience? 12. How closeshould be the spaces? are they similar in their roles or goals? 13. The volume (numbers) of the users 14. The nature of the activities happening in the space such as their tempo and duration...etc2 Interpretation of the terms and taking notes When looking at the process of space designing and thinking of how these spaces will accommodate the humans, we have to take care of how the humans will interact with the con- tect and environment, and also think of the character of this space in many aspects such as: - How the space will interact with a guest and a continous user. - Is the space inviting or rejecting - Is the space designed for individuals or society - How open and transparent are the spaces - Do the spaces define unity or separation - When do they connect and when do they distribute After considering these, we define the requirements list to develop our plan. You may try to create some matrix writing the spaces and their needs of privacy, sunlight, approach,..etc and try to evaluate them so that you can reach the best form of your bubble diagram. THese information would be really helpful for you as a reference when you design or defend your designSPATIAL RELATION- SHIPS“ q . No, | am not talking about these onesWhat I call spatial relations are the association of sapces with each other, ie, are they interconnected or adjacent?..etc In short, our this is our first step to create a space or space organization Various forms of spatial organization can be used. Some forms, are more suitable to use in specific situation than other forms Examples of different organisations 1.Central 2. linear 3. Radial 4. clusteredWhen planning the spaces, the following should be kept in mind: - How does the shell affect the interior For example, if you are making an amor- phous form, it will necessarily affect the spaces below. -How will the organisation o} that is, you will not design the forms rooms randomly, you will design ac: to the thought furnishings in the roo: -Do rooms connect? How will the relationship be between rooms? - What is the flow of the circulation - Are the proportions of spaces and spaces comfortable and adaptable?“How | am going to reach my destination” is as important as the point of ival itself! ing a circulation structure, rinciples can be considered: point A to point B? irculation? Is there a flowing es the circulation route conflict with the furniture requirements?Creating a spatial solution Once the places and their requirements have been deter- mined, it is time to draw the relationship diagrams. Relation- ship diagram carries the data of the design into a more visual form in order to be able to physically plan. It is abstract but allows to understand relationships. At this stage, the diagram does not need to represent the building size or area. It represents the relations of spaces with each other and dimensions of space. Such diagrams are also called bubble diagrams.For example; To begin to make sense of a dwelling, spaces, itis necessary to know a rough dimension of the size of a double bedroom or a living room. Books such as The Metric Handbook Planning and Design Data and Neu- fert Archi-tect's Data are an excellent reference and con- tain stacks of data that get you started in the right direc- tion. To speed up the planning process, a small library of "rule of thumb" plans can be created that is easily accessi- ble. Different options and configurations can be tried and how ideas and spaces will be connected to each other can be drawn. While working on different options; pros and cons of options, advantages etc. Notes about each can be taken, so you can easily ignore options that are not intended to be studied later.Evaluation Once some solutions have been drawn, it is possible to review these solutions and look for aspects that need improvement. Let's go back to the housing example; Some of the points to be considered when looking at the housing scheme are: - How will residents move from one room to another? - Does the guest circulation flow from private areas? - Are the doors and windows in proper positions? Do they interfere with the overall spatial plan or do they articulate? - Does the plan orient itself with the terrain? After initial sketches and ideas are reviewed, the plans can also be improved by adding details and develop- ing drawings. It is important to consult all building codes, codes and standards that will influence plan- ning from an early stage so that the design is not sub- ject to forced changes.Let's summarize: Bubble diagrams / Spatial diagrams: 1.lt is the first stage of 2 and 3 dimensional relation- ship. 2. Notes on its positioning in the layout plan are taken into consideration. 3. It should go in line with analysis and concept stud- ies. 4. Some of the useful aspects to consider when study- ing bubble diagram are as follows: a. Scale, proportion and proportion b. Occupancy and vacancy ratio c. Spatial form D. Venue features to. Relationship between places f. Relationship between indoor / outdoor space g. Lighting h. Circulation |. TopographySchemes that help while Break! 7 the space design Ly - Straight line art of a curve - contrast, wholeness, one and partial mass . - transition, open and - circles semi open spaces ae ne ane - cluster -organic or non organic mass[e+ a - axis- courtyard - podium = \ | 4 — fo] oe - change the center - two way grid - skeleton - one way grid | a 4 oe SU - direction - continous wall 2 aa L] Es) - layers - space in a space box in a box..etcIf you emphasize everything, nothing would be emphasized! When something is spread out it loses its value and meaningFrank Gehry in his Pritzker Prize Speech 1989 has said: SFE ——"Architecture must solve complex problems. We must understand and 'use technology, we must create buildings that are safe and healthy, respectful of their neighbors and context, confront the myriad problems of social responsibility and even satisfy the customer." Then what? Moment of decision, composition of components, scale, materials, color ... After all, all the same problems a painter and sculptor face. Architecture is definitely an art, and those who study architecture are clearly architects. "last words Space design decisions 1. Program: Space, height and activities are de- termined according to the program requirements. 2. Geometry factors of plans: site form, aspect ratio, topography, neighboring activities. 6. Module: It can be from the modules of existing buildings as in- spiration. The sides, size and proportion of the build- 3. Volume composition: ing or a special module can be considered according to Climate (sun, rain, etc.), the program. approach and access possibilities, relation- ship with the neighbor. What is the use of the module in the next page4. The composition of voids and Roads, approach, entrance, servic- es, landscape, relationship with neighbor, climate, ventilation, light- ing, heat. 5. Orientation: Sun and wind movements, landscape. What does the module do? With this term we define the areas of the program, so it is considered a spa- tial description for different areas. And we can find the module in theo- retical books. For example, in a hotel project, some designers can use the module width of 3.40, 4.50 or 7.20, or the module can be developed ac- cording to the requirements. A free module that is not constrained by a grid system may also be preferred. Using a module it will be easier to plan areas and think through the construction system. 7. Approaches and entrances Roads; main and secondary roads, re- lations with neigh- bors, nearby events. 8. privacy Relationship with neighbors, land- scape, hierarchy of roads. 9. landscape climate, sun, wind, landscape, visual isolation.Thanks for reading this brief intro Don't forget to check my other E-books And please recommend it to your friends if you find them useful And follow me on my instagram to keep updated with my latest works @tifastudio TIFA @TIFA.STUDIO