MID-SEMESTER TEST

English for Business and Professional Communication

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SUBJECT : Teori Penerjemahan TIME : 120 MINUTES
CLASS : Bispro IA TEST TYPE : OPEN BOOK
Lecturer : Lenny Brida
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NAME : ANGGIA YANUAR PRASASTRI
CLASS : BISPRO 1A
STUDENT ID : 2008411021

I. READ THE FOLLOWING SHORT STORY AND TRANSLATE INTO

INDONESIAN.
Beauty and the Beast
A widower merchant lives in a mansion with his twelve children (six sons and six daughters).
All three of his daughters are very beautiful, but the youngest, Beauty, is the most lovely. She
is also kind, well-read, and pure of heart; her two elder sisters, though, are cruel, selfish, vain,
and spoiled. On a dark and stormy night at sea, the merchant is robbed by pirates who sink
most of his merchant fleet and force the entire family to live in a barn and work for a living.
While Beauty makes a firm resolution to adjust to rural life with a cheerful disposition, her
sisters do not and mistake her firmness for insensibility, forcing her into doing household
work in an effort to make enough money to buy back their former home.
A year later, the merchant hears from one of his crewmembers that one of the trade ships he
had sent has arrived back in port, having escaped the destruction of its companions. Before
leaving, he asks his children if they wish for him to bring any gifts back for them. The sons
ask for weaponry and horses to hunt with, whereas the oldest daughters ask for clothing,
jewels, and fine dresses, as they think his wealth has returned. Beauty asks nothing but her
father's safety, but when he insists on buying her a present, she is satisfied with the promise
of a rose after none had grown last spring. However, to his dismay, the merchant finds that
his ship's cargo has been seized to pay his debts, leaving him penniless and unable to buy his
children's presents.
On his way back, the merchant is caught in a terrible storm. Seeking shelter, he comes upon a
mysterious palace. The merchant sneaks in, seeing that nobody is home, and finds tables
laden with food and drinks which seem to have been left for him by the palace's invisible
owner. The merchant accepts these gifts and spends the night. The next morning, the
merchant sees the palace as his own possession and is about to leave when he sees a rose
garden and recalls that Beauty had desired a rose. The merchant quickly plucks the loveliest
rose he can find, and is about to pluck more for a bouquet, but is confronted by a hideous
"Beast" who warns him that theft of his property, i.e. the rose, is a charge punishable by
death. Realizing his deadly mistake, the merchant begs for forgiveness, revealing that he had
only picked the rose as a gift for his youngest daughter. After listening to his story, the Beast
reluctantly agrees to let him give the rose to Beauty, but only if the merchant brings Beauty to
him in exchange without deception; he makes it clear that Beauty must agree to take his
place. He says he will then treat her as his fiancée, and not his prisoner, while under no
illusions about her predicament. Otherwise, the Beast will destroy his family.
At first, the merchant is upset about Beauty being abducted into marrying him, but he
reluctantly accepts. The Beast sends him on his way atop a magical horse along with wealth,
jewels and fine clothes for his sons and daughters, but stresses that Beauty must never know
about his deal. The merchant, upon arriving home, tries to hide the secret from his children,
but Beauty pries it from him on purpose. Reacting swiftly, the brothers suggest they could go
to the castle and fight the Beast together while the older sisters place blame on Beauty for
dooming the family. The merchant dissuades his children, forbidding them to go near the
Beast. That night, Beauty sneaks away from home against her father's orders to face the Beast
alone.
Once she arrives at his palace, the Beast is excited to meet Beauty face to face, so he throws a
welcome ceremony by treating her to an amazing cabaret. He gives her lavish clothing and
food and carries on lengthy conversations with her in which she notes that he is inclined to
stupidity rather than savagery. Every night, the Beast asks Beauty to sleep with him, only to
be refused each time. After each refusal, Beauty dreams of dancing with a handsome prince.
Suddenly, a fairy appears and pleads with Beauty to say why she keeps refusing him. She
replies that she doesn't know how to love the Beast because she loves him only as a friend.
Despite the apparition of the fairy urging her not to be deceived by appearances, she does not
make the connection between a "prince" and a "beast" and becomes convinced that the Beast
is holding the Prince captive somewhere in his castle. She searches and discovers many
enchanted rooms ranging from libraries to aviaries to enchanted windows allowing her to
attend the theater. She also finds live furniture and other live objects which act as servants,
but never the Prince from her dreams.
For a month, Beauty lives a life of luxury at the Beast's palace with no end to riches or
amusements and an endless supply of exquisite finery to wear. Eventually, she becomes
homesick and begs the Beast to allow her to go see her family again. He allows it on the
condition that she returns in exactly one week. Beauty agrees to this and is presented with an
enchanted ring which allows her to wake up in her family's new home in an instant when
turned three times around her finger. The rest of her family is surprised to find her well fed
and dressed in finery. Beauty tries to share the magnificent gowns and jewels the Beast gave
her with her older sisters, but they turn into rags at her sisters' touch and are restored to their
splendor when returned to Beauty, as the Beast meant them only for her. Her sisters are
envious when they hear of her life at the castle and, overhearing that she must return to the
Beast on a certain day, try to persuade her to steer clear of the Beast. Even her father
threatens to disown Beauty if she refuses to marry his younger and wealthier cousin the next
week, snatching the ring away from her to prevent her from returning to the Beast's castle.
When she then pleads for the marriage with the merchant's cousin to be delayed, her brothers
reject her, believing she knows too much about the Beast. Beauty is shaken by her family's
overprotection, and she reluctantly agrees to make it official.
A week has passed and Beauty begins hallucinating the Beast lying dead in his quarters and
hastens to return; she immediately steals back the ring from her father and uses it to return to
the Beast. Once she is back in the castle, Beauty's fears are confirmed as she finds the Beast
murdered in cold blood at the hands of an angry mob sent by her father. Completely
devastated over her sins, Beauty bursts into tears and laments that she should have learned
how to love the Beast in the first place, screaming, "I am sorry! This was all my fault!"
Suddenly, when she says those words, the Beast is transformed into the handsome prince
from Beauty's dreams. The Prince informs her that long ago, a powerful witch turned him
into a hideous beast for his selfishness after trying to seduce him and that only by finding true
love, despite his ugliness, could the curse be broken. He and Beauty are married and they live
happily ever after.

II. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS

1. From the reading text above, find cultural terminology that can not be translated
into Indonesian and give your description to that terminology with your own
words.
2. Analyze the cultural differences between English (western) and Indonesian
(eastern) in that story and Explain how is the solution that you make to overcome
the cultural problem.
3. What is the relationship between translation and culture and describe the
relationship by using theory of some experts in translatation.
4. Explain the translation ideology that you have, do you use foreignization or
domestication, or mixed ideology, give your reason based on the result of your
translation.
5. Why does the concept of equivalence hold a central position in translation studies
and has been causing many heated debates among translators, explain in brief. Do
you consider the equivalence while you are translating, how is your strategy of
achieving the equivalence?
6. Translation studies can be divided into two main areas; that is, pure translation
and applied translation. Explain the difference between pure translation and
applied translation.
7. Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS) focus on three areas of research, namely;
product-oriented DTS, process-oriented DTS, function-oriented DTS. Explain the
three DTS in Brief in your own words.

YOUR ABILITY TO WORK FASTER WILL LEAD YOU TO PASS THIS EXAM
 NAME : ANGGIA YANUAR PRASASTRI
CLASS : BISPRO 1A
STUDENT ID : 2008411021
SOURCE TEXT
Beauty and the Beast
A widower merchant lives in a mansion with his twelve
children (six sons and six daughters). All three of his
daughters are very beautiful, but the youngest, Beauty, is
the most-lovely. She is also kind, well-read, and pure of
heart; her two elder sisters, though, are cruel, selfish,
vain, and spoiled. On a dark and stormy night at sea, the
merchant is robbed by pirates who sink most of his
merchant fleet and force the entire family to live in a barn
and work for a living. While Beauty makes a firm
resolution to adjust to rural life with a cheerful
disposition, her sisters do not and mistake her firmness
for insensibility, forcing her into doing household work in
an effort to make enough money to buy back their former
home.
A year later, the merchant hears from one of his
crewmembers that one of the trade ships he had sent has
arrived back in port, having escaped the destruction of its
companions. Before leaving, he asks his children if they
wish for him to bring any gifts back for them. The sons
ask for weaponry and horses to hunt with, whereas the
oldest daughters ask for clothing, jewels, and fine dresses,
as they think his wealth has returned. Beauty asks nothing
but her father's safety, but when he insists on buying her a
present, she is satisfied with the promise of a rose after
none had grown last spring. However, to his dismay, the
merchant finds that his ship's cargo has been seized to pay
his debts, leaving him penniless and unable to buy his
TRANSLATED TEXT
Si Cantik dan Si Buruk Rupa
Seorang pedagang duda tinggal di mansion
dengan ke 12 anaknya (6 putra dan 6 anak
putri ). Ketiga putrinya sangat cantik, tetapi putri
bungsunya, Beauty adalah yang tercantik.
Beauty adalah orang yang baik hati, bijak , dan
memiliki hati yang murni; sedangkan kedua
kakak perempuannya adalah orang yang kejam,
egois, sombong, dan manja. Pada malam yang
gelap dan badai di laut, pedagang tersebut
dirampok oleh bajak laut yang menenggelamkan
armada kapal tersebut dan memaksa seluruh
keluarga mereka untuk tinggal di gudang dan
harus bekerja untuk bertahan hidup . Sementara
Beauty malah bersikap teguh untuk
menyesuaikan diri dengan kehidupan pedesaan
dengan keceriaan, saudara perempuannya salah
mengira keteguhan tersebut sebagai bentuk
insensibilitas, saudaranya memaksanya
melakukan berbagai pekerjaan rumah tangga
agar dapat menghasilkan uang yang cukup
untuk membeli kembali rumah mereka
Setahun kemudian, pedagang itu mendengar dari
salah satu awaknya bahwa salah satu kapal
dagang yang ia kirim telah tiba kembali di
pelabuhan, setelah berhasil selamat dari kejadian
buruk tersebut. Sebelum pergi, dia bertanya
kepada anak-anaknya apakah mereka ingin dia
membawa kembali hadiah untuk mereka. Anak
laki-laki meminta senjata dan kuda untuk
berburu, sedangkan anak perempuan tertua
meminta pakaian, perhiasan, dan pakaian bagus,
karena mereka mengira kekayaannya telah
kembali. Beauty tidak meminta apa-apa selain
children's presents. dari keselamatan ayahnya, tetapi ketika
pedagang tersebut hendak membeli hadiah, dia
merasa tertarik dengan sebuah mawar janji
setelah tidak ada yang tumbuh musim semi lalu.
Namun,dengan cemasnya , pedagang malah
mendapat kabar bahwa kargo kapalnya telah
disita untuk membayar hutangnya, membuatnya
tidak punya uang dan tidak dapat membeli
hadiah anak-anaknya.

On his way back, the merchant is caught in a terrible

Dalam perjalanan pulang, pedagang itu terjebak
storm. Seeking shelter, he comes upon a mysterious
dalam badai yang mengerikan. Mencari tempat
palace. The merchant sneaks in, seeing that nobody is
berlindung, dia mendatangi istana misterius. Ia
home, and finds tables laden with food and drinks which
menyelinap masuk, melihat bahwa tidak ada
seem to have been left for him by the palace's invisible
orang di rumah, dan menemukan meja penuh
owner. The merchant accepts these gifts and spends the
dengan makanan dan minuman yang tampaknya
night. The next morning, the merchant sees the palace as
telah ditinggalkan untuknya oleh pemilik istana
his own possession and is about to leave when he sees a
yang tak terlihat. Pedagang itu menerima hadiah-
rose garden and recalls that Beauty had desired a rose.
hadiah ini dan bermalam di sana. Keesokan
The merchant quickly plucks the loveliest rose he can
harinya, pedagang melihat istana sebagai
find, and is about to pluck more for a bouquet, but is
miliknya sendiri dan akan segera pergi ketika dia
confronted by a hideous "Beast" who warns him that theft
melihat kebun mawar dan mengingat bahwa
of his property, i.e. the rose, is a charge punishable by
Beauty menginginkan mawar. Pedagang itu
death. Realizing his deadly mistake, the merchant begs
dengan cepat mengambil mawar terindah yang
for forgiveness, revealing that he had only picked the rose
dapat dia temukan, dan akan segera segera
as a gift for his youngest daughter. After listening to his
mencabut lebih banyak lagi untuk sebuah
story, the Beast reluctantly agrees to let him give the rose
karangan bunga, tetapi dilawan oleh "Beast"
to Beauty, but only if the merchant brings Beauty to him
mengerikan yang memperingatkan dia bahwa
in exchange without deception; he makes it clear that
pencurian harta miliknya, yaitu mawar, adalah
Beauty must agree to take his place. He says he will then
tuduhan dengan hukuman mati. Menyadari
treat her as his fiancée, and not his prisoner, while under
kesalahan yang sangat berbahaya, pedagang itu
no illusions about her predicament. Otherwise, the Beast
memohon pengampunan, mengungkapkan
will destroy his family.
bahwa dia hanya memetik mawar sebagai hadiah
untuk putri bungsunya. Setelah mendengarkan
ceritanya, Beast dengan berat hati setuju untuk
membiarkan dia memberikan mawar itu kepada
Beauty, tetapi hanya jika pedagang itu membawa
Beauty sebagai taruhannya; Dia meenyatakan
bahwa Beauty harus setuju untuk taruhan itu.
Beast mengatakan dia akan memperlakukan
Beauty sebagai tunangannya, dan bukan
tahanannya, (bahkan ia tidak tau nasibnya akan
seperti apa). Namun jika tidak, Beast akan
 menghancurkan keluarganya.

Pada awalnya, pedagang itu marah karena

Beauty diculik untuk dinikahi Beast, tetapi dia
At first, the merchant is upset about Beauty being
enggan menerima. Beast mengirimnya selama
abducted into marrying him, but he reluctantly accepts.
perjalanan untuk pulang, berupa kekayaan,
The Beast sends him on his way atop a magical horse
perhiasan dan pakaian bagus untuk putra dan
along with wealth, jewels and fine clothes for his sons
putrinya, tapi Beast menekankan bahwa Beauty
and daughters, but stresses that Beauty must never know
tidak harus tahu tentang kontraknya itu.
about his deal. The merchant, upon arriving home, tries to
Setibanya di rumah, pedagang itu berusaha
hide the secret from his children, but Beauty pries it from
menyembunyikan rahasia itu dari anak-anaknya,
him on purpose. Reacting swiftly, the brothers suggest
tetapi Beauty menyembunyikan rahasia itu dari
they could go to the castle and fight the Beast together
dia dengan sengaja. Bereaksi dengan cepat,
while the older sisters place blame on Beauty for
saudara-saudara menyarankan mereka bisa pergi
dooming the family. The merchant dissuades his children,
ke istana dan melawan Beast bersama-sama
forbidding them to go near the Beast. That night, Beauty
sementara para kakak sempat menyalahkan
sneaks away from home against her father's orders to face
Beauty karena mempertaruhkan keluarganya.
the Beast alone.
Pedagang itu menghentikan anak-anaknya,
melarang mereka mendekati Beast. Malam itu,
Beauty menyelinap pergi dari rumah karena
perintah ayahnya untuk menghadapi Beast
sendirian.

Ketika dia tiba di istana, the beast bersemangat

untuk bertemu secara langsung dengan Beauty,
Once she arrives at his palace, the Beast is excited to
jadi dia mengadakan upacara penyambutan
meet Beauty face to face, so he throws a welcome
dengan mentraktirnya kabaret yang luar biasa.
ceremony by treating her to an amazing cabaret. He gives
Dia memberikan pakaian mewah dan makanan
her lavish clothing and food and carries on lengthy
dan melakukan percakapan yang panjang
conversations with her in which she notes that he is
dengannya dimana dia mencatat bahwa dia
inclined to stupidity rather than savagery. Every night, the
cenderung bersikap kebodohan daripada
Beast asks Beauty to sleep with him, only to be refused
kebiadaban. Setiap malam, the beast meminta
each time. After each refusal, Beauty dreams of dancing
kepada Beauty untuk tidur dengannya, tapi selalu
with a handsome prince. Suddenly, a fairy appears and
ditolak. Setelah setiap penolakan, Beauty
pleads with Beauty to say why she keeps refusing him.
bermimpi menari dengan pangeran tampan.
She replies that she doesn't know how to love the Beast
Tiba-tiba, seorang peri muncul dan memohon
because she loves him only as a friend. Despite the
kepada Beauty untuk mengatakan kenapa dia
apparition of the fairy urging her not to be deceived by
selalu menolak dia. Beauty menjawab bahwa dia
appearances, she does not make the connection between a
tidak tau bagaimana mencintai Beast karena dia
"prince" and a "beast" and becomes convinced that the
mencintai Beast hanya sebagai teman. Meskipun
Beast is holding the Prince captive somewhere in his
penampakan peri mendesaknya untuk tidak
castle. She searches and discovers many enchanted rooms
tertipu dengan penampilan, dia tidak membuat
ranging from libraries to aviaries to enchanted windows
allowing her to attend the theater. She also finds live
furniture and other live objects which act as servants, but
never the Prince from her dreams.
For a month, Beauty lives a life of luxury at the Beast's
palace with no end to riches or amusements and an
endless supply of exquisite finery to wear. Eventually,
she becomes homesick and begs the Beast to allow her to
go see her family again. He allows it on the condition that
she returns in exactly one week. Beauty agrees to this and
is presented with an enchanted ring which allows her to
wake up in her family's new home in an instant when
turned three times around her finger. The rest of her
family is surprised to find her well fed and dressed in
finery. Beauty tries to share the magnificent gowns and
jewels the Beast gave her with her older sisters, but they
turn into rags at her sisters' touch and are restored to their
splendor when returned to Beauty, as the Beast meant
them only for her. Her sisters are envious when they hear
of her life at the castle and, overhearing that she must
return to the Beast on a certain day, try to persuade her to
steer clear of the Beast. Even her father threatens to
disown Beauty if she refuses to marry his younger and
wealthier cousin the next week, snatching the ring away
from her to prevent her from returning to the Beast's
castle. When she then pleads for the marriage with the
merchant's cousin to be delayed, her brothers reject her,
believing she knows too much about the Beast. Beauty is
shaken by her family's overprotection, and she reluctantly
agrees to make it official.
hubungan antara “pangeran” dan “the beast” dan
menjadi yakin bahwa Beast itu menahan
pangeran di suatu tempat di dalam istananya. Dia
mencari dan menemukan banyak ruangan ajaib
mulai dari perpustakaan, kendang burung,
hingga jendela ajaib yang memungkinkan dia
untuk menghadiri teater. Dia juga menemukan
furniture hidup dan benda hidup lainnya yang
berperan sebagai pelayan, tapi tidak pernah
menjadi Pangeran di mimpinya.
Selama sebulan, Beauty menjalani kehidupan
mewah di istana Beast tanpa akhir dari kekayaan
atau hiburan dan persediaan perhiasan indah
yang tak ada habisnya untuk dikenakan.
Akhirnya, dia rindu rumah dan memohon pada
Beast untuk mengizinkannya pergi menemui
keluarganya lagi. Dia mengizinkannya dengan
syarat dia kembali tepat dalam satu minggu.
Beauty setuju dengan ini dan diberikan cincin
ajaib yang memungkinkan dia untuk bangun di
rumah baru keluarganya dalam sekejap ketika
diputar tiga kali di jarinya. Anggota keluarganya
yang lain terkejut menemukan dia makan yang
cukup dan berpakaian bagus. Beauty mencoba
untuk berbagi gaun dan perhiasan yang luar
biasa yang diberikan Beast kepadanya dengan
kakak perempuannya, tetapi mereka berubah
menjadi compang-camping saat disentuh oleh
saudara perempuannya dan kemegahan itu
Kembali saat mereka kembalikan ke Beauty,
seperti yang dimaksudkan Beast itu hanya
untuknya. Saudari-saudaranya iri ketika mereka
mendengar tentang hidupnya di kastil dan, tanpa
sengaja mendengar bahwa dia harus kembali ke
Beast pada hari tertentu, mencoba membujuknya
untuk menjauhi Beast. Bahkan ayahnya
mengancam untuk menyangkal Beauty jika dia
menolak untuk menikahi sepupunya yang lebih
muda dan lebih kaya minggu depan, merebut
cincin itu dari Beauty untuk mencegahnya
kembali ke kastil Binatang itu. Ketika dia
memohon agar pernikahannya dengan sepupu

A week has passed and Beauty begins hallucinating the
Beast lying dead in his quarters and hastens to return; she
immediately steals back the ring from her father and uses
it to return to the Beast. Once she is back in the castle,
Beauty's fears are confirmed as she finds the Beast
murdered in cold blood at the hands of an angry mob sent
by her father. Completely devastated over her sins,
Beauty bursts into tears and laments that she should have
learned how to love the Beast in the first place,
screaming, "I am sorry! This was all my fault!" Suddenly,
when she says those words, the Beast is transformed into
the handsome prince from Beauty's dreams. The Prince
informs her that long ago, a powerful witch turned him
into a hideous beast for his selfishness after trying to
seduce him and that only by finding true love, despite his
ugliness, could the curse be broken. He and Beauty are
married and they live happily ever after.
pedagang ditunda, saudara laki-lakinya
menolaknya, percaya dia tahu terlalu banyak
tentang Beast itu. Beauty terguncang oleh
perlindungan keluarganya yang berlebihan, dan
dia dengan enggan setuju untuk menjadikannya
resmi.
Seminggu telah berlalu dan Si Beauty mulai
berhalusinasi pada Beast yang terbaring mati di
tempat tinggalnya dan bergegas untuk kembali;
dia segera mencuri kembali cincin itu dari
ayahnya dan menggunakannya untuk kembali ke
Beast. Begitu dia kembali ke kastil, ketakutan
Beauty dikonfirmasi saat dia menemukan Beast
dibunuh dengan darah dingin di tangan
gerombolan massa yang marah dikirim oleh
ayahnya. Benar-benar hancur karena dosa-
dosanya, Beauty meledak dalam air mata dan
menyesali bahwa dia seharusnya belajar
bagaimana mencintai Beast sejak awal, berteriak,
"Maafkan aku! Ini semua salahku!" Tiba-tiba,
ketika dia mengucapkan kata-kata itu, Beast
berubah menjadi pangeran tampan dari mimpi
Beauty. Pangeran memberitahunya bahwa
dahulu kala, seorang penyihir yang kuat
mengubahnya menjadi binatang mengerikan
karena keegoisannya setelah mencoba
merayunya dan hanya dengan menemukan cinta
sejati, terlepas dari keburukannya, kutukan itu
bisa dipatahkan. Dia dan Beauty menikah dan
mereka hidup bahagia selamanya.
1. From the reading text above, find cultural terminology that can not be translated
into Indonesian and give your description to that terminology with your own words.
 Beauty : in this text ‘Beauty’ is a name, if we translate it to Indonesia language it will
be ‘Cantik’
Mansion : Mansion is a big house and luxirious
Well-read : Seem like knowledgeable and wise
Insensibility : Is seem like imbalance
Homesick : if we translate it directly to Indonesia, the meaning will be “sakit rumah”,
but the true meaning is that someone is missing home.
Steer : if your not using ‘clear’ then the meaning will be “mengarahkan” in
Indonesia, but because we are using ‘clear’ then the meaning is “menjauhi”. The
abbreviation for the Latin phrase id est, meaning “that is.” This abbreviation is used
when you want to specify something mentioned previously; it can be used
interchangeably with “specifically” or “namely.”
Dooming = cause to have an unfortunate and inescapable outcome. condemn to
certain destruction or death.
Dissuades = persuade (someone) not to take a particular course of action.
Savagery = (chiefly in historical or literary contexts) the condition of being primitive
or uncivilized
Cabaret = a form of theatrical entertainment featuring music, song, dance, recitation,
or drama
Lavish = the synonym of luxurious
Pleads = make an emotional appeal. it's like "memohon" in Indonesian
i.e = The abbreviation for the Latin phrase id est, meaning “that is.” This
abbreviation is used when you want to specify something mentioned previously; it
can be used interchangeably with “specifically” or “namely.”
2. Analyze the cultural differences between English (western) and Indonesian
(eastern) in that story and Explain how is the solution that you make to overcome the
cultural problem.
 A. In western some words are difficult to understand, such as difficult words and I
just seen it know (like insenbility, steer, dooming)
B. In western the text when we try to translate it into indonesia languange become
ambiguated if read word by word
C. In western text are many different sentences in Indonesian which cause us to be
creative to make them connected
D. We must know about the equivalent word
 The solution
A. Use goggle translate
B. Use thesaurus to find the synonym
C. We must creativity and thinking harder to connected the word
D. Read the text regulary and repeatdly
E. Sometimes I write my own opinion and word to connected the word into sentence
3. What is the relationship between translation and culture and describe the
relationship by using theory of some experts in translatation.
 House, (2002:92) said “one does not translate language but culture. And translation
transfer culture not languages.” Explain the translation ideology that you have, do
you use foreignization or domestication, or mixed ideology, give your reason based
on the result of your translation. As what Mohanty has said (1994: 25). "The
translation is not only a bilingual activity, but at the same time, a bicultural activity.”
As well as Nida “A translation may involve not only differences of linguistic
 affiliation but also highly diverse cultures, English into Zulu, or Greek into
Javanese”.
4. Explain the translation ideology that you have, do you use foreignization or
domestication, or mixed ideology, give your reason based on the result of your
translation.
 I have a domestication ideology when I translate the text. domestication ideology
oriented to the norms and culture of the target language. I use this ideology because I
want the reader to fully understand what this text conveys. I focus more on the
culture and target norms so that readers can more easily accept my translation.
5. Why does the concept of equivalence hold a central position in translation studies and
has been causing many heated debates among translators, explain in brief. Do you
consider the equivalence while you are translating, how is your strategy of achieving the
equivalence?
 In conclusion, it could be argued that many translation theories are based on two
opposing ways of translating. For example, Nida distinguishes between formal and
dynamic equivalence, Newmark between semantic and communicative translation,
Catford between formal correspondence and textual equivalence, House between
overt and covert translation and Pym between natural and directional equivalence.
These bipolar views of equivalence soon faded away and more attractive translation
paradigms came to the forefront. Contrary to linguistic-oriented approaches to
translation which assume that the source text occupies a supreme position and that it
is considered to be of crucial importance in determining not only the translation
process but also the extent to which it has been successful, target-oriented approaches
view the source text as the point of departure for the translation process and mostly
focus on the cultural, historical, and socio-political factors surrounding translation,
thus looking at it as a culture-bound phenomenon. Despite of its shortcomings, it
should be stressed that equivalence is still one of the pivotal definitory axes of
translation since it functions as a reminder of the central problems a translator
encounters during the translation process.
6. Translation studies can be divided into two main areas; that is, pure translation
and applied translation. Explain the difference between pure translation and applied
translation.
 According to Holmes’ map (1972), there are two branches of pure and applied
translation studies. Pure branch is divided into descriptive and theoretical translation
studies. DTS has three orientations. THTS is split into general and partial theories,
with further six categories of partial theories. Finally, applied branch deals with
translation’s use. Machine translation means the use of computers to translate texts. It
has a long history, several approaches and architectures, four basic types, some
closely related concepts, and some drawbacks.
7. Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS) focus on three areas of research, namely;
product-oriented DTS, process-oriented DTS, function-oriented DTS. Explain the three
DTS in Brief in your own words.
 - Product-oriented DTS: examines existing translations. So, we can learn it from the
history of translation.
- Function-oriented DTS: is the study of context rather than the text. It examines
which books were translated when and where, and what influences they bring to us.
- Process oriented DTS: is study with the psychology of translation, for example is to
find out what happens in the mind of a translator