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Beware of those who use the truth to `
 . When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out
important information that should be included, he can create a false impression.

For example, someone might say, ³I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery. It was great. I took that dollar
ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!´

This guy¶s a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred tickets, and only
one was a winner. He¶s really a big loser! He didn¶t say anything that was false, but he deliberately  ` important
information. That¶s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest.

Untrustworthy candidates in political campaigns often use this tactic. Let¶s say that during Governor Smith¶s
last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her
opponents runs an ad saying, ³During Governor Smith¶s term, the state lost one million jobs!´ That¶s true. However an
honest statement would have been, ³During Governor Smith¶s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.´

Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It¶s against the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you
with the truth. An ad might boast, ³Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples.´ It fails to
mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.

This kind of deception happens too often. It¶s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as
well.

1. Which statement is true according to the article?

a. Whenever people tell the truth, they are really lying.
b. You can¶t trust gamblers.
c. All governors help their states.
d. The truth can be used in dishonest ways.

2. What does ³deceive´ mean?

a. removing one¶s teeth in public
b. ignore warnings
c. fool
d. repair

3. What does ³omitted´ mean?

a. spent money
b. left out
c. told about
d. exposed

4. The author clearly wants people to _________.

a. think carefully about what they read and hear
b. wear mismatched socks during political campaigns
c. never trust anyone
d. vote for female candidates

5. Another appropriate title for this selection would be:

a. Natural Cat Food
b. Everyone Lies
c. Lying With the Truth
d. Nose Pimples
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`

Quotations, or quotes for short, are statements written or spoken, that are repeated by others to make a point.
The point may be to show what a certain person believes about something. They may be referred to in speeches or
print as words of wisdom. Many popular quotes are humorous or witty.

There are a number of good sources of quotations. You can use a book that contains a large collection and
find the topics you're interested in by using the index. There are some good sites on the Internet where topics can be
found by using a keyword in a search field.

The source you use will tell you who said or wrote the words. It will usually also show you how to find other
quotations from the same individual.

You will often find quotations that contradict (disagree with) each other. For example, here are two quotes that
were found by searching the topic ³money.´

³When I was young, I thought that money was the most important thing in life; now that I am old, I know it is´
by Oscar Wilde.

³No matter how little money and how few possessions you own, having a dog makes you rich´ by Louis Sabin

See if you can answer the following questions.

1. ³The liberty of speaking and writing guards our other liberties.´ Thomas Jefferson
which statement contradicts the above quote?
a. Freedom of the press is an important right.
b. People should be free to express their opinions in speech and written words.
c. Freedom of religion should not be limited.
d. To protect liberty, governments should stop people from saying unpopular things.

2. Which quote indicates that cats are thinkers?

a. ³If you would know a man, observe how he treats a cat.´ Robert Heinlein
b. ³Cats are mysterious kind of folk - there is more passing in their minds than we are aware of.´
Sir Walter Scott
c. ³As every cat owner knows, nobody owns a cat.´ Ellen Perry Berkeley
d. ³What greater gift than the love of a cat?´ Charles Dickens

3. ³You know it's love when all you want is that person to be happy, even if you're not part of their happiness.´ Julia
Roberts
According to this quote, __________
a. Love must be painful.
b. Love is never real.
c. Love is unselfish.
d. Love can never last.

4. ³Teaching should be such that what is offered is perceived as a valuable gift and not as a hard duty.´ Albert
Einstein
Einstein is saying that _______
a. Students learn best when they feel that what they're learning is important to them.
b. Teachers should offer cash awards to students for doing their homework.
c. Never make students work hard.
d. Teachers should wrap their assignments in real wrapping paper.

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„ 



John Hancock was raised by his uncle in Boston, Massachusetts. His uncle sent him to
Harvard University and made him a partner in his shipping company. When his uncle died in 1764,
John became one of Boston's most wealthy citizens.

In 1765, John was elected to the office of Boston Selectman. He quickly joined Samuel
Adams and the Sons of Liberty and became a strong opponent of the Stamp Act, a tax levied
against the colonists by Great Britain. In 1768, John was appointed as a representative of the
Massachusetts Legislature. He soon gained the reputation as a strong advocate of American
independence. In fact, it was John's shipping company that enabled the financing and smuggling of
goods that supported the region's resistance to the British. In 1774, one year after Great Britain
levied the Intolerable (Coercive) Acts against the colonists, John was elected president of the
Massachusetts Provincial Congress, a new Massachusetts legislature which had the authority to
call for troops in the wake of a British threat. The British subsequently charged Hancock with
treason. In 1775, British troops would march to Lexington with the orders to capture John Hancock.
It was during this march that the first shots of the American Revolution were fired. John, along with
Samuel Adams, ultimately escaped.

Later in 1775, John was appointed president of the Second Continental Congress. It was
John Hancock who commissioned George Washington as commander-in-chief of the Continental
Army. On July 4, 1776, John Hancock became the first American to sign the Declaration of
Independence. His large, flamboyant signature was by far the most visible of all signatures.
According to legend, Hancock signed the document in such a way so that King George II of
England could see the signature without his eyeglasses.

Throughout the Revolution, the Americans relied on John's ability to raise funds and
supplies for the Continental Army. In 1780, he was elected governor of Massachusetts, a post he
held for nine terms. John died in 1793. Today, counties in ten different states are named in his
honor. In addition, the tallest building in Boston is named The John Hancock Building.

1. How does the passage imply that John Hancock became wealthy?
A. ? He inherited his uncle's shipping company.
B. ? He made good investments.
C. ? He went to Harvard University.
D. ? He owned a lot of land.

2. Which of the following was not true about John Hancock?

A. ? He was a member of the Sons of Liberty.
B. ? He supported independence.
C. ? He used his shipping company to smuggle goods to help the rebels.
D. ? He supported the Stamp Act.

3. What happened in 1768?

A. ? John was elected as Boston Selectman
B. ? John was elected as a representative in the Massachusetts Legislature
C. ? John was elected president of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress
D. ? John's uncle died.
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4. Why was Jon Hancock charged with treason?
A. ? Because he supported the Stamp Act.
B. ? Because he was elected President of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress.
C. ? Because he spoke out against the Intolerable Acts.
D. ? Because he was elected as Boston Selectman.

5. John Hancock was charged with treason by the British. Treason can be defined as an act of
disloyalty toward the government. Which of the following is an act of treason?
A. ? Charging someone with a crime they didn't commit.
B. ? Making laws that aren't popular with the people.
C. ? Taking steps to disrupt the functioning of the government.
D. ? Fighting in a war against another country.

6. If John Hancock were to write a list of his life accomplishments, which of the following would
NOT be on the list?
A. ? President of the Massachusetts Provinicial Congress.
B. ? Representative of the Massachusetts of Legislature.
C. ? President of the United States.
D. ? President of the Second Continental Congress.

7. Why is John Hancock's signature so large on the Declaration of Independence?

A. ? Because he wanted the King of England to see his signature clearly.
B. ? Because he had poor handwriting.
C. ? He was in a hurry.
D. ? Because he had poor eyesight.

8. What does the word 'subsequent' mean in the following sentence:

The British subsequently charged Hancock with treason.
A. ? quietly
B. ? next or then
C. ? unfairly
D. ? surely
9. Why was John Hancock important to the American cause?
A. ? He was a great general who won many battles.
B. ? He signed the Declaration of Independence.
C. ? He helped raise funds for Continental Army and used his shipping business as a
way to get supplies.
D. ? He escaped from the British after the Battles of Lexington and Concord

10. Which of the following statements could NOT be applied to John Hancock?
A. ? .. a man who signed the Declaration of Independence with a signature larger
than anyone else.
B. ? .. a man who served in the governments of the state of Massachusetts and the
United States.
C. ? ... a man dedicated to the Patriot cause
D. ? .. a man who has buildings, cities, and states named in his honor.
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