Name : Rakib Uz Zaman

Roll: 1906330

FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE

AIM
To study the variation in Brake Power, Brake Thermal Efficiency, Brake Specific Fuel
Consumption, Air / Fuel ratio, Volumetric Efficiency with respect to the load and to study the Heat
Balance of the engine.

APPARATUS
Diesel engine setup test rig.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1. No. of Cylinders :1
2. No. of Strokes :4
3. Engine Bore : 0.0875 m
4. Stroke of Engine : 0.11 m
5. Compression Ratio : 16
6. Calorific Value of Fuel : 44800 kJ/kg
7. Air Density : 1.17 kg/m3

OBSERVATION TABLE
Bra
Vol
ke
Bra Fue Hea um
Spe The Air
Seri ke l Brake Specific Fuel t Qsw etri
Lo ed rma Qact Fue
al Po Flo Consumption Inp ept c
ad (R l (kg l
Num wer w Kg / ut (kg Eff
(%) PM Effi /hr) Rar
ber (K (kg/ kw-s (K /hr) icie
) cie io
W) hr) W) ncy
ncy
(%)
(%)
0 0.93066 0.570289 0.00017022 1008 7.09693 13.114 11.58760.0064975
49.539 20.31882
1

25 1.2042 0.609298 0.00014055 997 7.58238 15.8816 11.922430.006426555

51.5328 19.5675
2

50 1.7348500.68939 0.00011038 1004 8.5791 20.222 13.47250.00647257.62 19.54264

3
100 3.10323 0.93524 0.00008372 1026 11.63854 26.6634 15.76150.0066135
66.201 16.85289
4

CALCULATIONS
Important Formulae
TFC kg
1. Brake Specific Fuel Consumption =  
BP kw  −  s
Where

 TFC = Total Fuel Consumption in kg/s

BP = Brake Power in kW

2. Heat Input = TFC × Cv kW

Where
TFC = Total Fuel Consumption in kg/s
Cv = Calorific Value of Fuel = 44800 kJ/kg

BP
3. Brake Thermal Efficiency =    %
Heat Input

( 4  ×  60 )
π D2 L N
4. Qswept = Swept Volume =   × No .  of Cylinders × K x density of air

kg/s
Where
D = Engine Bore = 0.0875 m
L = Stroke of Engine = 0.11 m
N = Speed of the Engine in RPM
K = ½ for 4 stroke and 1 for 2 stroke engine
Density of air = 1.17 kg/m3

Q act
5. Volumetric Efficiency =   × 100 %
Qswept

Air Consumption W
6. Air Fuel Ratio =   =   air
Fuel Consumption TFC

OBSERVATION TABLE FOR HEAT BALANCE SHEET

Engi
Calori
ne
meter
Serial Fuel Wate
Loa Brake Water T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
Flow r
Num d Power Flow (⁰C (⁰C (⁰C (⁰C (⁰C
(kg/ Flow
ber (%) (KW) Rate[ ) ) ) ) )
hr) Rate
mL/
[mL/
sec]
s]
0 0.570289 0.93066 80 100 255 53.8309 28.3918 30.948 29.4817
1

25 0.609298 1.2042 80 100 289 69.4712 28.3468 32.9030 29.9705

2
50 0.68939 1.734850 80 100 300 76.8025428.3243 32.9030 31.43675
3

 100 0.93524 3.10323 80 100 358 83.1564 28.2569 35.8355832.4143

4

T1 = Temperature of Exhaust gas (Inlet of Calorimeter)

T2 = Temperature of Exhaust gas (Outlet of Calorimeter)
T3 = Water Inlet Temperature
T4 = Temperature of Water (Outlet of Engine)
T5 = Temperature of Cooling Water (Outlet of Calorimeter)

CALCULATIONS
Important Formulae
1. Heat Input = TFC × Cv kW
Where
TFC = Total Fuel Consumption in kg/s
Cv = Calorific Value of Fuel = 44800 kJ/kg

2. Heat converted to BP = Measured BP in kW

3. Heat Carried away by coolant water = Cpw x mw x (T4 – T3)

where
Cpw = 4.187 kJ/kg-⁰C
mwe = Engine water flow rate (kg/s)

4. Heat carried away by exhaust gas=Hexh

T −T
H exh = 1 amb × mwc × C pw × (T5 − T3 )
T1 − T2
Where
Tambient = Ambient Temperature in ̊ C
mwc = Cooling Water flow rate of calorimeter in kg/s
Cpw = Specific Heat of water = 4.187 kJ/kg ̊ C

HEAT BALANCE SHEET

Heat Carried Heat Carried

Total Heat Input Heat Converted Unaccounted
away by Coolant away by Exhaust
(kW) to BP (kW) Heat (kW)
Water (kW) Gas (kW)
7.09693 0.93066 0.856225 0.52174 4.7883
7.58238 1.2042 1.526145 0.81756 4.034475
8.5791 1.734850 1.53368 1.60564 3.70493
11.63854 3.10323 2.53855 2.10903 3.88773