281 REVIEW 4

Conjunctions
Part 1
Directions: Following questions are incomplete sentences. Beneath each
sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), or (D). Choose
the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1. The bread was old and stale, …… Martha ate it anyway.
A. and
B. so
C. for
D. but
2. I couldn’t use the pay phone, …… I didn’t have any coin with me.
A. yet
B. despite
C. for
D. even though
3. Combustion produce …… heat.
A. light and of
B. both light and
C. light also
D. as enough light as
4. Jack insisted that he didn’t need any help, …… I helped him anyway.
A. and
B. so
C. for
D. but
5. Two-thirds of Australia is …… .
A. desert either semiarid
B. either desert or semiarid
C. either desert nor semiarid
D. either desert and semiarid
6. The professor told me that I was doing well, …… my final grade was awful.
A. so
B. therefore
C. in spite of
D. yet
7. The flowers will soon start to bloom …… winter is gone and the weather is beginning
to get warmer.
A. even if
B. now that
C. so
D. even though
8. Birds not only bring song, color, and activity to a garden …… are vitally needed by
plants.
A. but also
B. as well as
C. and
D. and they
9. Both diamond ……. graphite are made of the same element, which is carbon.
A. and
B. except
C. together
D. both
10. Most rodents eat grain, seeds, and nuts, …… some eat almost anything.
A. contrary
B. they
C. but
D. instead
11. Only if you get to the theatre early …… a chance to get a ticket for tonight’s
performance.
A. you will have
B. have
 C. will you have
D. you have
12. Normally, piranhas swim alone and feed on smaller fish …. on seeds in the water.
A. but
B. either
C. instead
D. or
13. Our apartment building has had two robberies in the last month, .… I’m going to put
an extra lock on the door and install a telephone in my bedroom.
A. and
B. so that
C. so
D. since
14. Both my books …… from my room last night.
A. were stolen and my wallet
B. and my wallet were stolen
C. and my wallet stolen
D. and my wallet was stolen
15. Recently doctors warned that too much animal fat in the diet can lead to heart
disease,
…… special types of margarine made with vegetable oils are becoming popular.
A. because
B. so
C. and since
D. except
16. …… you’re better at numbers than I am, why don’t you take over as treasurer (thủ
quỹ) of the organization?
A. Since
B. Only if
C. For that
D. Unless
17. Do you like jazz? You should go to the jazz festival …… you like that kind of music.
A. if
B. unless
C. although
D. which
18. My nose got sunburned …… I wore a hat with a wide brim to shade my face.
A. if
B. since
C. because
D. even though
19. …… the need to finish the project soon, I want you to work on this overtime for the
next few days.
A. Because
B. Despite
C. Because of
D. Even though
20. Great white shark are dangerous to …… will attack without warning.
A. humans, they
B. humans
C. humans. Because they
D. humans. They
21. Our village had …… money available for education that the schools had to close.
A. so little
B. such little
C. so much
D. such much
22. ……. higher ticket prices this year, attendance at area theatres remain above
average.
A. Even though
B. Nevertheless
C. In spite of
 D. Consequently
23. The fire raged out of control. It got .…… bad that more firefighters had to be
called in.
A. such
B. therefore
C. so
D. so that
24. It looks like they’re going to succeed …… their present difficulties.
A. despite
B. because of
C. even though
D. yet
25. The seeds of the peanut are eaten fresh or roasted,…… oil is used for industrial
purposes.
A. the
B. while the
C. since the
D. that the
26. A fire must have a readily available supply of oxygen. ……, it will stop burning.
A. Consequently
B. Therefore
C. Otherwise
D. However
27. I hadn’t understood his …… asked him to repeat what he’d said.
A. directions. I
B. directions because I
C. directions, I
D. directions. However, I
28. Ancient Egyptians mummified their dead through the use of chemicals, ……. ancient
Peruvians mummified their dead through natural processes by putting dead bodies in
extremely dry desert caves.
 A. whereas
B. because
C. if
D. only if
29. Joan worked in a vineyard last summer …… money for school expenses.
A. because to earn
B. so she earns
C. for she earned
D. so that she could earn
30. Jason has become …… famous that he now ignores his old friends. He shouldn’t do
that.
A. such
B. so
C. so much
D. too
31. Alex cannot express himself clearly and correctly in writing. He will never advance in
his job …… he improves his language skills.
A. otherwise
B. if
C. because
D. unless
32. Although most cats hate to swim, .…… if necessary.
A. can they do so
B. so can they do
C. they do so can
D. they can do so
33. .…… born, a baby kangaroo measures less than three inches in length.
A. One is
B. When is one
C. Is one
D. When it is
34. I needed to finish the marathon race …… I could prove that I had the strength and
stamina to do it. I didn’t care whether I won or not.
A. because of
B. so that
C. for
D. therefore
35. You must obey the speed limits on public roads. They are designed to keep you
safe. You shouldn’t exceed the speed limit …… you are an experienced race car
driver.
A. even if
B. although
C. now that
D. whereas
36. Hundreds of species of Hawaiian flowers have become extinct or rare ……
extensive
land development and the grazing of wild goats.
A. because
B. due to (do sthing)
C. for
D. so
37. The chair may be the oldest type of furniture …… its importance has varied from
time to time and from country to country.
A. but when
B. until then
C. in spite of
D. although
38. …… the finance manager and director finish discussing the funding for the buyout,
they will announce their decision.
A. Because
B. As soon as
C. Unless
 D. So that
39. …… you are setting up the equipment tomorrow, I will be there with the manual in
case any confusion arises.
A. Once
B. While
C. Meanwhile
D. During
40. Cooking oil made from corn does not become saturated when heated, and
………….
A. neither oil made from soy
B. oil made from soy does either
C. neither does oil made from soy
D. oil made from soy either
41. I like to keep the windows open at night no matter how cold it gets. My wife, …..,
prefers a warm bedroom with all windows tightly shut.
A. nevertheless
B. consequently
C. on the other hand
D. whereas
42. After getting home from elementary school, …………
A. our house buzzes with the children’s many activities
B. the dog greets the children at the front door with wagging tail
C. the children have an hour to play before they begin their homework
D. the school bus drops the children at the corner near their house
43. People with exceptionally high intelligence quotients may not be the best employees
since they …… unless the job is constantly changing.
A. become bored of work
B. are becoming boring in work
C. become bored with their work
D. work becoming bored
44. Watching the children fly their kites in the park, …….
 A. suddenly a gust of wind blew my hat off my head
B. one of the kites got stuck in a tree
C. I thought of the times long ago when I did the same thing
D. it looked like a lot of fun
45. While trying to build a tunnel through the Blue Ridge Mountains, ……...
A. coal was discovered by workmen at the construction site
B. workmen discovered coal at the construction site
C. the construction site was where coal was discovered by workmen
D. it was the construction site where workmen discovered coal
Part 2
Directions: Each sentence below has four underlined words or phrases marked
(A), (B), (C), or (D). Choose the one word or phrase that must be changed in order
for the sentence to be correct.
46. The central core of the earth is made of both very hot or dense material.
A B C D
47. Compact discs are affected neither by scratching and by dust.
A B C D
48. Octopuses have not only large brains and also a well-developed nervous system.
A B C D
49. Peppermint originated in Europe, but the early English colonists brought it to
A B C D
North America.

50. In spite modern medical technology, many diseases caused by viruses are still
A B C
not curable.
D
51. Desiring to leave their own marks of identity inside the White House, most
A
presidents’ wives redecorate at least some portion of its rooms as soon as arrival
there.
B C D
52. Dairying is concerned not only with the production of milk, but with the manufacture
A B C
of milk products such as butter and cheese.
D
53. Because Walter Reed’s efforts and those of the people who worked with him,
human
A B
beings no longer fear the dreaded disease of yellow fever.
 C D
54. Most scholars are unsure whether the wheel was first used by potters in
Mesopotamia
A B C
and in the central or eastern part of Europe.
D
55. On the one hand, the use of synthetic chemical products is increasing; on the
A
contrary, vegetable oilseeds and oils are increasing in value and importance.
B C D
56. James Dickey’s first poem was published during he was still a senior in college.
A B C D

57. Elephants have so long flexible trunks that they seem clumsy as they walked.
A B C D
58. Columbia University includes not only the Teachers College but also schools
A B
of Journalism, mining, and international affairs, as well a geological laboratory.
C D
59. In summer, the tiger shark may follow warm water currents as far south as
A B
New Zealand, or north to Japan nor the northern United States.
C D
60. Only after the Civil War had started Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation,
A B
which put an end to slavery in the South.
C D
61. Three conditions critical for growing plants are soil temperature, chemical balance,
A B
or amount of moisture.
C D
62. The symptoms of diabetes in the early stages are too slight that people don’t notice
A B C
them.
D
63. Some Americans stay in a single occupation while the period from seventeen to
thirty
A B
five years of age, but the majority make at least a few job changes.
C D
64. Some plants and insects exhibit so high degree of interdependence that the
A B
elimination of one results in the elimination of the other.
C D
65. Even although he is best remembered as a writer, Walt Whitman was also a
A B C
newspaper publisher, teacher, and farmer.
D

This is the end of Review 4.