Haematology MMS: Cross Sectional

Anatomy of the Thorax

Dr. Joachim Perera

Instructions:

▪ This MMS involves CVS, RS and haematology

modules
▪ Refer to you lecture notes and try to identify the
structures indicated.
▪ Apply your knowledge to answer the quizzes.
▪ Please come prepared for the MMS session.
 G A

Right Left
B
F
C

D
E
Cross section of the thorax (at the arch of the aorta): Identify A to G.
 Right Left

B
A
G D H
C
F
E

Cross section of the thorax (below the arch of the aorta)

Identify A to H
CT scan thorax: at the level of the sternal angle X Y

Picture shows a CT scan of

the thorax in the plane of
B
A XY indicated in the X-ray.
E F
C Identify A to F
D

Look at the CT scan from

the caudal (Foot) end
when identifying
structures.
CT scan of thorax: at the level of pulmonary artery bifurcation
X Y

Picture shows a CT scan of the

A C thorax in the plane of XY indicated
B in the X-ray.
D
G E
H Identify A to H
F
Look at the CT scan from the
caudal (Foot) end when
Identifying structures.
CT scan of thorax: Level of the mid-heart

X Y

A
Picture shows a CT scan of the
E C thorax in the plane of XY
B
Indicated in the X-ray.
D
H
Identify A to I
F
I
G Look at the CT scan from the
caudal (Foot) end when
Identifying structures.
 A 45-year-old man presents with
progressive shortness of breath
and cough for the past 8 months.
He complaints of muscle weakness
A and dropping of his eye lids which
becomes more severe by the
evening. CT scan of the chest
shows a lump marked as A.

1. Where is this lump located?

2. What is the structure involved?
3. What is the clinical diagnosis for
his muscle weakness?
4. What is the pathological
diagnosis of the lump?
 A 40-year-old woman presents with
progressive difficulty in swallowing for
the past one year. She complaints of
intermittent headaches and bouts of
sweating and hot flushes. 24 hr
monitoring of her blood pressure
reveals a fluctuating BP readings, at
times reaching up to 200/110mmHg.
CT scan of the thorax shows a lump
indicated by the arrow.

1. Where is the lump located?

2. Why does the patent has progressive difficulty in swallowing?
3. From which structure is the lump arising from?
4. What is the reason for her fluctuating blood pressure?
5. What is the pathological diagnosis?
A A-35-year old woman comes with
chest pain and persistent cough for the
past 6 months. She also complaints of
weight loss and having night sweats.
Examination shows distended neck
veins. CT scans revels multiple lumps
shown by arrows. Histopathology of
the biopsy of few lumps are shown in
picture B

A. From which structures do the lumps

arise?
B B. Where are these lumps located?
C. By observing the histopathology,
what do you think is the diagnosis
in this patient?
A -75-year old obese woman
undergoes right knee
replacement for osteoarthritis.
On the 4th day after surgery she
develops severe chest pain and
difficulty in breathing of sudden
onset. CT scan of the chest shows
an abnormality in indicated by
the arrow.

1. What does the arrow shows?

2. What is the cause for the
lesions shown by the arrows?
3. What is the diagnosis of this
patient?