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    Nano-enhancement of phase change material in a shell and multi-PCM-tube heat exchanger

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    12 views10 pages

    Nano-Enhancement of Phase Change Material in A Shell and multi-PCM-tube Heat Exchanger

    Uploaded by

    Hamza Faraji

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    Journal of Energy Storage 22 (2019) 88-97 Contents lists available at ScienceDisect Journal of Energy Storage journal homepage: www.elsevier.comMlocatelest Nano-enhancement of phase change material in a shell and multi-PCM-tube heat exchanger as Majid Gorzin’, Mohammad J. Hosseini", Masoume Rahimi”, Rasool Bahrampoury’ * Scan of Mechanical Bang, Bab Unies of egy, POD 44, abl rs “xparoneno eri xgerg, Peay of eo estan Unvrty, Grgn an “Daron of Mecha gong K: MTs Urey of Teale, Teron. ran Keyword The fundamental defect of PCMs in discharging process is thee low conductivity which results i Long sli Solin feation time. tn this stay distribution of a PEM in a uli tube heat exchanger is conducted umerically 10 Phe change moter redoce the solidification time. Therefore, the PCM mass is dsiibuted inthe inner and cater tubes betwen —— ‘which heat ransfer fd (HT) pases through, Various volume factions of copper nanoparticles are added to the POM and dhe eosequences ofthe conductivity enhancement is observed. Moreover, the variation of Stefan number (Stes considered to evaluat the eect af hs parameter onthe solidification proces In aditon, tis ‘shown that the distribution ofthe PCM is greatly ffectve om the hat transfer enhancement. Proper POM mass ‘istribution lads to 629% reduction inthe slidficaion time. Resls also indicates that by increasing the na ‘opartces volume factions 4s and Ste to 045, the soidfiation time reduces 15% and 26, especvely in the best eae 1. Introduction Efficient supply of energy is an indispensable part of the industri life and sustainable new world, Lack of taking appropriate strategies for ‘energy supply in developing countries has led to continuous advances in controlling energy all around the world in recent years [1] Since the conventional fossil energy sourees ar limited in amount ‘and their application is one of environmental hazards cause, itis un ddeniably a necessity to apply renewable sources of energy more ex tensively than before [2]. Solar hot water systems are known as one of the reasonable choices to supply the energy required for heating, ven tiation and air conditioning (HVAC). However, given the transient intrinsic of solar energy, its essential to apply sufficient energy storage systems for the energy supply [3]. Thermal energy ean be stored in {hee diferent ways; sensible, latent and thermal-chemical. Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems in which phase change ma- terials are utilized are the most popular due to small variations in temperature during heat transfer and their high energy storage density 15} Kasaeian et al (6] conducted a review on the experimental appli ‘ations of PCMs and nano-PCMS in buildings. There ae different types ‘of PCM containers that have been investigated mimerically of exper ‘mentally such as sphere [7-10], rectangular (10-16] and shell and tube ‘mal ares Mj hose sei (M1. Hosea. itp: //dokorg/10.1016/}.0:2018.12.023 designs {17-22}. Most of the investigations are devoted to shell and tube configurations which comprise more than 70% of the works [23]. Several shell and tube heat exchangers are studied, among which Hossein etal. (17, 19,20) studied melting and solidification ofa PCM in a shell and tube heat exchanger for different operating conditions. HT Inet temperature and its flow rate are the variables that are studied in the paper. Their results showed that with an inerease in both the inlet temperature of the HITF and its’ flow rate, the total melting time re duces, “There are two ways for heat transfer enhancement in PCMs-elated applications: one of them is sold insertions including graphite, fins, heat pipes and metal matrices. The other is dispersion of particles sch as carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofiber, metalic nanoparticles and ete. In order to increase thermal conductivity of PCMs many investigations have been conducted t0 se various methods ie. PEM micro: encapsulation [24,25], applying, multiple aray of PCM [26,271 and exerting Nano-enhanced phase change materials (NEPCMS) [20,2834]. Also several papers investigated applying extended surfaces including fined tubes and multistubes [25]. Dispersing materials with high thermal conductivity inthe PCM will shorten the discharging process [20]. Enhanced thermal conductivity of Aifsed nano size particles in liquids fs investigated by Elbabjaot et al. (15). Their results showed that by dispersing copper nono-particles * Corresponding author at: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Golestan University, P.O. Box 185, Gorgan, tran. Received 12 June 2018; Received in revised form 17 December 2018; Accepted 27 December 2018, ‘Available online 07 February 2019 2352-152K/ © 2019 Fseier Ld All righ reserved Journal of Ey Serge 2 (2019) 88-97 Nomenclatures Gp Specific heat capacity (kg, K) ® Gravity avs") h Sensible enthalpy (J/kg) H Total enthalpy () k ‘Thermal conductivity (W/m. K) L Latent heat (J/kg) Reus (ram) 5 Source term Ste Stefan number T——Temperaure (K) 7 Velocity veetor (m/s) Greek symbols 6 Expansion coefficient (1/4) during charging process, the heat transfer rate improves. In another paper Rahimi etal. [36] numerically investigated natural convection in ‘a mixture of nanoparticles and water near its maximum density in a rectangular enclosure. They observed that an increment in volume fraetion of nano-partcles results in an augmentation of Nusselt number. In another investigation, the solidification ofa PCM enkanced with nanoparticles in a triplex heat exchanger is studied by Nsofor et al {190}. The effect of incorporating alumina nanoparticles on the solid fication time is investigated in details. Their results showed that by

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