@60008 Listening Section 1 Questions 1-10 e@ Questions 1-10 Complete the notes below. White NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. F Booking reference ube : Office USE BY 2 nnn oe Aitechours charge: 4 Cheapest ‘modelo car ‘valle: Benen apenas inca km per week. fer hours put keys in bor near the ofice onthe 10. : eeGeoeoeoseoee Rese Soe G SE Listening Section 1 Tet 5 1 135 kHuea @bilioxeHa epynnoti vk.com/englishlibrary| TestS J Listening Section 2 Questions 11-20 Questions 11-15 ‘The following are essential requirements for which jobs? Wiite the correct letter, A, B or C, next to questions 11-15, | Essential requirements A toreign languages BB —_wilingness to travel abroad © professional qualification 11 conference organiser 12 catering manager 13 housekeeper 14 fitness centre staff 15 reservations assistant 136 | Tests Listening Section 2 kuuea ebinoxkeHa epynnoti vk.com/englishlibrary@ © GG) Questions 16-20 @ Choose FIVE answers from the box and write the correct letter, AG, next to questions 16-20. ov names of referees ‘work permit recruitment seminar evidence of qualifications conditions of employment initial interview e¢ aamooa> INTERNATIONAL FINEST GROUP RECRUITMENT PROCEDURES register interest in working for International Finest Group ag receive personal code and check 16 = download application form =e send in form ard attach 17... Ss receive reply and conti 18... sz send in 19... @eeegeeeesgesee eee eSEsesGESe see Listening Section 2 kHuea ebioxexa epynnoli vk.com/englishlibrary Tests 1 137Listening Section 3 Questions 21-30 Questions 21 and 22 Choose TWO fetes, ACE. Which TWO possible objections to a roof garden are ciscussed? A problems of access B the cost of construction © the time needed to install it who wil ook after it how to support the weight of it Questions 23 and 24 Choose TWO fetters, AME. ‘Which TWO recent developments in roof-garden building are mentioned? A waterproof barrier materials B drainage systems © tank designs lightweight construction materials, E watering systems ‘#0 Questions 25-30 Label the diagram below. White the correct letter, A-H, nex! to questions 25-30. wall electric wire fibre optic cable ‘wooden post glass cap acrylic rod Light installation SBRRBeR 138 | Tests kiuea ebinoxkeHa epynnoti vk.com/englishlibrary68 Oo : Listening Section 4 Questions 31-40 @ Questions 31-36 @ Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. a e Le The Argus system & Developed by Rob Holman in N. Carolina with other researchers. S Research is vital for understanding of 84 meee @ Matches information from under the water with information from a Le = .Accarding to S, Jeffress Wiliams. useful because can make @ ‘observations during 2 83 | é ° Dr Hoh id collecti 1 Holman’s sand collection @ pe ; Dr H. has samp from every 34 Used in teaching students of 35.. @ 19g LIS Fast Coast dleplay: @ Leg srt tom soun ere eal ot-cotoured en 98 e : ae @ Questions 37-40 ®@ Compete the flow-chart below. © Wite NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for cach answer. € Taking samples when travelling @ todig sand aplastic or metal write date and pace, using @| * nly stor plac tage mp] ® 6 After reaching home = T @ | toa samples, noting cation, |g, Such is our dependence on fossil fuels, and such is the volume of carbon dioxide we have clready released into the atmosphere, thot most climate scientists agree thot significant globel warming is now inevitable ~ the best we can hops to do is keep it ot reasonable level, ond even that is going to be an uphill task. At prosent, the only serious option on the table for doing this is euting back on our carbon emissions, but while a fow eounkias ara making mnjar aries in this regard, the mojeriy are having great difficulty even stemming the rote of increase, lt alone reversing if. Consequently, an increasing umber of scientists are beginning fo explore the clternatives. They cll fall under the banner of geoengineering ~ generclly defined os the intentional large-scale manipulation of the environment. B Gooenginesring has been shown to work, at least on a small, localised scale, for decodes. ‘Moy Day porades in Moscow have faken place under clear bive skies, aircrcft having deposited dry ice, silver iodide ond coment powder to disperse clouds. Many ofthe schemes now {_ suggested look to do the opposite, and reduce the omount of sunlight reaching the planet. One scheme focuses on achieving a general cooling Reading Passage 2 Can we prevent the poles from melting? A growing number of scientists are looking to increasingly ambitious technolagical fixes to halt the tide of global warming. Mark Rowe reports. of the Earth and involves the concept of releasing ‘ceros0l sprays into the sratosphere above the Arcic to create clouds of sulphur dioxide, which would, in turn, lead to a glebal dimming The idea is modelled on historical volcanic ‘explosions, such as that of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991, which led fo a shorter ‘cooling of global temperatures by 0.5°C. The ‘oerosols could be delivered by artillery, high Frying nicer or ballon Jnslead of concentrating on globel cooling, other schemes look specifically at reversing the meting ‘ot the poles. One idea is fo bolster an ice cap by spraying it with water. Using pumps to eorry ‘water from below the sea ice, he spray would come out as snow or ice particles, producing thicker sea ice with o higher albedo {ihe ratio of sunlight reflected from a surface} to reflect summer rodiotion. Scientists have also scrutinised whether its possible to block icfjords in Greenland with cables which have been reinforced, preventing icebergs from moving into the sea, Veli Albert Kallio, @ Finnish scientist, says that such an idea is impractical, because the force ofthe ice would ultimately snap the cables cond rapidly release ¢ lorge quantity of frozen ice info the sea. However, Kallio believes thot the Test 5 | 143 kuuea ebinoxkeHa epynnoti vk.com/englishlibrarysort of cables used in suspension bridges could potentially be used to diver, rather than hak, the southward movement of ie from Spitsbergen. “It would stop the ice moving south, and local currents would see them float northwards,’ he says. DA number of necensineering ideas ore currently being examined in the Russian Arctic, These include planting millions of birch trees: the thinking, according to Kallio, is that their white bark would increase the amount of reflected sunlight. The loss of their leaves in winter would clso enable the snow to reflect radiction. In conirast, the native evergreen pines tend to shade the snow and absorb radiation. Using ‘cebrecking vessels to deliberately break vp cond scctter coast sea ice in both Arctic ond Antarcic waters in their respective autumns, and diverting Russian rivers to increase cold-water flow to jcoforming areas, could olso be used fo slow down worming, Kallio says. You would need the wind to blow the right way, but Inthe right conditions, by lating ice float free end head north, you would enhance ice growth.” But will uch ideas ever be implemented? The major countercarguments to geosngineering schemes are, fist, that hey are o ‘copout” that allow us to continue living the way we do, rather than reducing carbon emissions; ond, second, even if they do work, would the side- jects aren't clear In what they are aiming at. 146 | Test 5 kruea ebinoxena epynnoli vk.com/englishlibrary@@ eo @ eee eon4aasege eee? GBS OSeSeERHBE Reading Passage 3 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below. Sot within treacherously steep cls, and hiciden away in the secluded valleys of northeast Brazil, Is some of South America’s most significant and spectacular rocket. Most ofthe art so far discovered ‘rom the ongoing excavations comes from the archaeoiagically important National Park of the Sera, da Capivara in the state of Piau, and itis causing quite a controversy. The reason for the uproar? The artis being dated to around 25,000 or partiaps, according to some archaeologists, even 36,000 years, _2g0. I corract, this is sat to challenge the wiclely held viow that the Americas were first colonised from the noth, via tha Rering Straits from eastern Siboria at ‘around 10,000 BC, only moving down into Central ‘and South America in the milennia thereafter. Prior to the designation of 120,000 hectares as a. Natorel Par, the rok tes ware aout to gto, and fton dangerous to aie. In ancient times tis noccessbity ust have helgiened he importance of the sites, and indeed cf the people who pale onthe rocks, Wid eras and human fgces dominate heat anlar incorporated no ofter-complex scenes invohing hurting superna beng, fighting and dancing, The arts depicted ‘he animate that roamed tha local ancien rushwod forest. The large mammals are usually painted in «yous end tendo be shown na unning stance, 25 though tying to escape ro hunting pars, Prooeesi Ines of human and aim fgurs ~ Reading Passage 3 America’s oldest art? 1 also appear of great importance ta these ancient arists. Might such lines represent family units or ‘groups of warriors? On a number of panels, rows of stylised tures, some numbering up 10 30 inavicual figures, were painted using the natural undulating contours of the rock wurfaoe, eo evoking the contours: Of the surrounding landscape. Other interesting, but ‘very rate, occutenoes are soanes that show small human figures holding on fo and dancing around a tree, possibly Involved in some form of a ritual dance. Due to the favourable ckmats contons, the imagery on many panes ina emaabe state of reservation. Despite Ne, however, there are serious conservation ssuas that oct ter longterm survival The chemical and ina ques ofthe rockon ncn the magery i pated agile anc on soveral panel itis unstable, AS wel as ho secrton of saan caroonat onthe fock sutace, complete panel ection have, over the anciont and cert pest, broken away ram tho maln rock TestS | 147 kHuea ebioxena epynnotl vk.com/englishlibrary148 surface, These have then become buriad and sealed into sometimes-ancient floor deposits. Perversely, this form of natural erosion and subsequent deposition has assisted archaeologists in dating several major rock-art sites. Of course, dating the artis extromoly dificult Given the non-existence of plant and animal remains that might be scientifically dated. However, there are a smal number of sites in the Serra da Capivara that are giving up their secrets ‘through good systematic excavation, Thus, at Toca cdo Boqueirao da Pedra Furada, rock-art researcher Niéde Guidon managed to obtain a number of dates, At cfferent loves of excavation, she located fallen painted rock Fragments, which she was able to date to at least 36,000 years ego, Along with the painted fragments, crude stone tools were found. Also discovered were a eerias of eciantiicaly databie sites of freptaces, or hearths, the earbast dated io 48,000 BC, arquabily the oldest dates for human habitation in the Americas. However, these conclusions are not without coriroversy. Critics, mainly from Noxth America, have suggested that the hearths may in fact be ‘a natural phenomenon, the result of seasonal bbrushwood fires. Several North American. researchers have gone further and suggested that the tock-art from this sits dates from no eater than, about 3,730 years ago, based on the resuits of limited radiocarbon dating. Adding further fuel to the goneral debate is the fact that the artists in the area of the National Park tended not to draw aver old ‘motifs (as often occurs with rock-art), which makes it hard to work out the relative chronology of the 1 Test 5 images or styles. However, the diversity of imagery ‘and the narrative the paintings create from each of the many sites within the National Park suggests citferent artists were prooebly making their art at cifferent times, and potentially using each ste over many thousands of years. \With foros debates thus raging over tha dating, ‘where these artists originate trom is also sit very ‘much open to speculation. The tracitional view ignores al the early dating evidence from the South ‘American rock-art sites. Ina revised scenario, some alaco-enthropologists are now suggesting that modern humans may have migrated trom Africa using the strong currents of the Atlantic Ccean soma: {60,000 years or more ago, while others suggest ‘a more impxovable colorisation coming from the Pacific Ooean. Yet, while either hypothesis is plausible, there is stil no supporting archaeological ‘evidence between the South American evastiine and the interior, Rather. It soems possible that there were a number of waves of human colonisation of the ‘Americas occuring possibly ovar a 60,000~100,000 ‘yoer period, probably using the Bering Strats es a land-bridge to cross into the Americas. Despits the compaling evidence fiom South America, it stands alone: the ariest secure human evidence yet found in the state of Oregon in North Amexica only dies to 12,800 years B80. So this isa firoe debate that is Healy to go on for mary more years. However, tho spioncid rockeart anditsalied archaeology ot northeast Brazil, desorbed here, is playing @ huge ant Significant roe in the discussion. kHuea @binioxeHa epynnoti vk.com/englishlibrary Reading Passage 3@ Questions 27-29 gp ho089 ine corectioter A, B, or D. @@ 27 According to the first paragraph, the rock-art in Serra da Capivara may revolutionise accepted ideas about White the correct letter in boxes 27-29 on your answer sheet . A the way primitive people ved in North America B the date when te earost people anved in South America, 6 © the origin ofthe people who crossed the Bering Straits . D __thevarietyof cultures which deveioped in South America, 28 How di the ancient artists use the form ofthe rock where they painted? e ‘A tomimnic the shape of the countryside nearby e B ‘to emphasise the shape of different animals ; to give added light end shade to ther paintings —_togve the impression of cstance in complex works @ 29 inthe fourth paragraph, what does the writer say is unusual about the rock-artists of Serra da Capivara? @ A ‘They had a very wide range of subject-matter. i; B Their work often appears io be iustratng a stony © They tended to use a varity of styles In one paling. & D They rarely made new paintings on top of od ones. e © Questions 30-36 @ In boxes 30-36 on your answer sheet, write yes Uf the statement agrees withthe claims ofthe writer NO It the statement contradicts the claims of the writer NOT GIVEN fits impossible to say what the writer thinks about this, 8 Archaeologists have compietad their survey of the rockeart in Praul “The location of the rock-art suggests thatthe artists had a significant role in their society. ‘The paintings of animels show they were regarded as sacred by the ancient humans. ‘Some damage to paintings is most likely due to changes in the weather ofthe region. ‘The fact thet some paintings were buried is useful to archaeologists. ‘The tools found near some paintings were probably used for hunting animals. 86 &€& BB ‘The North American researchers have confirmed Niéde Guidon's dating of the paintings. SoC SSCeBKSBESS Reading Passage 3 TestS | 149 3 kHuea ebioxeHa epynnodi vk.com/englishlibraryQuestions 37-40 Complete each sentence with the correct ending, ACF, below. White the correct letter, A-F, an your answer sheet. 37 Materials derived from plants or animals 38 The discussions about the ancient hearths 39 Theories about where the first South Americans originated from 40. The finds of archaeologists in Oregon are giving rise to a great deal af debate among palaeo-anthropoiogists. do not support the earliest dates suggested for the arrival of people in America. ‘re absent from rock-art sites in the Serra da Capivera. have not been accepted by acaciamics outside America. ‘centre on whsther or not they are actually man-made, reflect the advances in scientific dating methods. amoogD 150 | Test S kruea ebinoxena epynnoti vk.com/englishlibrarywn Writing Task 1 ‘You should spend about 20 minutes on this task, The diagrams below give information about the manufacture of frozen fish pies. ‘Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. 668 G@68 8 0 OH Write at least 150 words, Fish pie production line jest —tprecennn ep [Rl ‘ee sae fenove 1 fll ecard b3 ete § od retain > GD Gh Gna lease eee e oe eReoes oes SSG HO Test 5 1 151 kHuea ebinoxeHa epynnoli vk.com/englishlibrary ni 8Writing Task 2 ‘You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: In some countries it is thought advisable that children begin formal ‘education at four years old, while in others they do not have to start ‘schoo! until they are seven or eight. How far do you agree with either of these views? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words. 152 | Test kHuea ebinoxeHa epynnoli vk.com/englishlibrary