UNIT ONE A. REVIEW YOUR KNOWLEDGE. How much English do you know?, Write the meaning of these words teacher ..... ice children ...... secon friendly B. UNDERSTANDING A TEXT. Read the text and complete the act lawyer A LETTER Dear David Gow axe you? Vm fine. Vim in fondon, at the International School of figlish. Um in class 3 with sight other students. They'ce all feom diferent counteles — Spain. France, Japan, fegentina, Gwitserland, and Brasil. Gur teacher's name ls Peter Briseall. Gte’s rary nice. ofte's funny and he’s a vety good teacher. My new addeass ts at the top of the latter. Vim with an fnglish family, the Browns. ofte. Brown is a doctor and cftes. Brown 1s a lanyer. they have thes childcen. Thomas is fourteen, Catherine ls twelve, and Andeaw 1s toven. Thay ava all ety felendly, but i n't maty to unilerstanal them! orden ts very big and rety interesting. The weather is good — cold but sunny - and the packs ave beautifull Hyde Pack, Seaen Pack, and $t James’ Pack ace all in the centre. U isn't easy to use the Underground, but @ understand it now, 2's vty expensive! Lrglish food is OX, but the coffes ts horeible! Waite to ma soon, fom. Paola ‘a, Guessing: Find the equivalent of these Spanish words in the text. otros direccién ....... cess entender . paises - carta clima a divertido cee Pail caro bb. Scanning: Are these sentences true or false. Underline the right answer. 1. Paola’s happy in London. T F 2. She’s on holiday in London, T F 3. It's.a very big class. T F 4. Her teacher's name is Peter Briscall. T F 5. The students in her class are all from Europe, T F 6. Paola’s address is 72 Newton Street. T F 7. The Underground is cheap. T F 8. The food in London is horrible. T FHere are some questions and answers about Paola’s letter. Match them with the correct answers. Where is Paola? Mr. Briscall. 1 a 2. How is she in London? b.____ She is 12 years old. 3. Where are the students from? e. She is in London. 4. Who is Paola’s teacher? 4 They are from different countries. 5. How old is Catherine? e She's fine. 6. What is Mr. Brown’s job? f, He isa doctor. C. CHECK YOUR GRAMMAR 1. TO BE: SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE * The present forms of to be express facts about the present or all-time truths. Long form Short form | Long form | Short form Interrogative Yes, | am/ No, | am not Tam rm Lam not V'm not Yes, you are / No, you are not ‘You are You're ‘You are not | Youaren’t Yes, he is / No, he is not He is He’s He is not He isn’t Yes, she is / No, she is not She is She’s: She is not She isn’t Yes, No, it is not lis Ws Itis not Itism't Yes, we are / No, we are not We are We're We are not We aren't Yes, you are / No, you are not ‘You are ‘You're You are not ‘You aren't Yes, they are / No, they are not They are They're | Theyarenot | Theyaren’t a. Complete the sentences with the verb to be: am —is— are, 1. Mr. Wood the manager of the Central bank. 2. The weather in this city very cold and dry. 3. Engineering students at the Faculty _ in different careers. 4. English ____a useful language for the students. 5. The Students from different cities. 6. Carol and I at Oxford University 7. My father an accountant. He in his office. 8. Bolivia and Brazil in South America. b. Yes/No questions. Short answers. Answer these questions with short answers. 1. Is this an English class? 2. Is Shakira from Spain? 3. Are you an engineering student ? 4, Is it sunny today? 5. 2 Are you Spanish?2. INFORMATION QUESTIONS be: information questions hy Question word be Subject Who What Where How How old. her friend? his name? they from? you? your brother? Short forms — Who's, What’ Where's, How a. Match the questions with the answers. 3. ARTICLES What's your name? Where are you from? How old is your friend? Who is your teacher? How are you today? What is your favorite football tea What's your job? What's your hobby? Indefinite a question ___ He is 20 years old. It is Manchester United. ____ Peter Briscall Madrid, Spi Lam an engineer Fine, thanks. I'm John Smith Listening to music. Articles Definite the the desk the desks the magazine the magazines a. Fill in the gaps with the indefinite article and translate the words with the definite article, ero eee TT aan envelope computer boy secretary university umbrella accountant __ city IL 2. 3, 4, 8, 6. 1 8 . The pencil the ‘The information ‘The chairs ‘The actors . The dictionaries The boxes The children The window4, SUBJECT PRONOUNS AND POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES. Possessive adjectives Singular Plural Subject | Possessive | Subject Possessive Pronoun | adic Pronoun adjective 1 my bag, we our bags you your bag, you your car he his name they their sons she her friend it its arm lve braso Fill in the gaps with a subject pronoun or a possessive adjective. Mr. Brown is a doctor is at the hospital now, because _ Paola is in the United States but parents are in Italy name is Susan __am at the International School of English , _ patients wait for him. 2. 3 4. John and Catherine are students. 5. 6 5 are in the class with is in South America. football team is the best in the world. are school, __teacher’s name is Peter Briscall. names are Katie and Paul. partners. Brazil is a big country. Mary and I are good friends. are American, b. Write the correct subject pronoun for these words. 1. My father 6, Canada and USA 2. Computer 7. Mrs. Brown 3. Elena and I 8. His friends 4, Theboys _ 9. Angela’s brother 5. A desk 10. Peter's car 5 THE POSSESSIVE CASE Mary’s brother ‘The man’s passport London's traffic problems He it They Paul’s father and mother ‘The students? teacher John _and Melina’s ear ‘They She 1. Jenny and Mark's flat is very beautiful 2. That's Peter’s book. _ 3. Who's Angela’s teacher? 4, Where are John’s car keys?6. DEMOSTRATIVE PRONOUNS AND PLURAL NOUNS Demostrative pronouns Plural forms Singular Plural ch this picture these fl bes pictu these flowers dictionary dictionaries (this picture here) (these flowers here) ones peices that picture (=that picture there) woman women person people foot feet those people jose people there) 8. Write the plural form of these words. 1. this magazine. 2. that newspaper 3. this question 4. that dictionary 5. 6 7. 8 this person. a : that secretary. cesses coe . this box. cosvennvennnenseeees . that word. 7. CARDINAL NUMBERS, 4 one 11 eleven 30. thirty 21 twenty-one 2 two 12. twelve 40. forty 67. sixty-seven 3 three 13. thirteen 50 94 ninety-four 4 four 14 fourteen 60 172. one hundred seventy-two 5 five 15. fifteen 70. seventy 6 six 16 sixteen 80 eighty 7 seven 17 seventeen 90 ninety 8 eight 18 eighteen 100. one hundred 9 nine 19 nineteen 1000 one thousand 10 ten 20. twenty a Let’s practice numbers. Write these numbers 85 46 B 105... 9. : 366... m - - 963 Vee - = 47D. INCREASE YOUR VOCABULARY ‘These words are in the lesson. Write the meaning to increase your vocabulary. NOUNS VERBS ADJECTIVES partner knowledge weather underground job letter envelope magazine city box word flat address know review write understand find match ask answer fill in read nice funny friend! easy sunny lyTHE CLASSROOM A. REVIEW YOUR KNOWLEDGE. Write the opposites of these adjectives. expensive... sunny cold eee cee beautiful B. CHECK YOUR GRAMMAR cee difficult There is / There are Singular om ‘There is a bag on the table. or There’s a bag on the table. pier ae teve bees on the ble) a. Read the text and find adjectives for these nouns. ‘Thisis a modem classroom at the International School of English in London, ‘There is a big whiteboard in front of the class. There some tables and a fot of comfortable chairs. There is a tape-recorder on a small shelf and there are alot of interesting books and magazines. ‘There is alsc a computer on the teacher's desk and there aTVon a brown, small shelf next to the window. There are two big and clean windows in the class and there is a colotrful map on the wall. The students and the teacher are not in the classroom at the moment.nl. Here are Is there ‘There are Are there SOME - ANY There are some CDs on the shelf books on the desk? > | Arethere any ANY - 2 | No, there aren't | any books. a, Complete the sentences with s-an, some or any. letters for you. 6. There isn’t telephone. computer in your class? 7. There aren’t newspapers. books missing on the shelf. 8. Are there __ people? pencils in your bag? 9. There are tables in the class. foreign students in the class? 10. There aren't pictures. Are there . Read the text and complete the gaps with there is ~ there are, there isn’t — there aren't. NEW YORK CITY visit all of it Yes, and Central Park. activities to do, and any cars in Central Park on weekends. from the top But New York is in the east cost of the United States. Come and visit this great city —it is full of attractions. a wonderful view of New York’s skyscrapers of the Empire State building, and __lots of fantastic places for tourists, including more ‘American city. This city is so big that the museum of Modern Art , the museum of the City of New York In Central Park ___ many kinds of beautiful lakes and trees. ghosts in New York than in any other ime to a famous place that people like, famous statue - the Statue of Liberty. It is ‘over 100 years old and _ _ 354 steps to the top! . Comprehension. Answer the questions below with short answers. Is there a modern Art museum in New York? ‘Are there any cars in Central Park on weekends? Are there any skyscrapers in New York? Are there any trees in Central Park? Is there time to see everything In New York in one visit? Are there lots of steps to the top of the Statue of Liberty?IL. Expressions of quantity Expressions of quantity Uncountable nouns Countable nouns ‘Countable Uncountable alittle a few nouns eae Ther st There are some a oto alet chair chairs water song songs music e cople bread any an person peopl is There isn’t | Pa, There aren't | any box boxes traffic book books information student students money How much wine is there How many tomatoes are i a i shelf shelves, salt in the jar? there? Complete these questions with How much or How many and answer them with expressions of quantity. people are there in the room? _ money is there in your pocket?” sevepsssnEsSsipsssssbssgesenaEnEE traffic is there in the city? aessaseeeeeeeeeeeneeooeeee girls are there in the lass? museums are there in the city’? information is there in your book? oO noise is there in the class? b. Look at these words and put them into the correct col salt, cooking oil, potato, rice, toilet paper, washing-powder, fruit, vegetable, milk, toothpaste, meat, banana, egg, mushroom, tomato, marmalade, sausage, coffee, tea, match. Countable Uncountable potatoes coffee Write the countable nouns in the plural: ¢. Mark has moved into a new flat, He is looking out of his window. Complete the description with is or are, isn’t or aren't. There (1) ‘a main road, but there (2) ........+0.-.. much traffic. There (3) |. many ears. But fhere (4) «cess 1a lot of people in the street and there (5) a lot of noise. On the other side of the road there (6)...--.------. @ park. There (7) fow trees, but there (8)... much grassand there (9) ... Fubbish everywhere.C, INCREASE YOUR VOCABULARY Write the meaning of the following words. They appear in the lesson. NOUNS ADJECTIVES VERBS bag, [cold find shelf beautiful read whiteboard clean ask chairs colorful answer tape-recorder ‘wonderful put desk main magazine window wall newspapers pictures foreign east kind tree lake ghosts weekend steps skyscraper road noise grass rubbishUNIT THREE WHAT ARE YOU DOING? A. UNDERSTANDING A TEXT. You are going (o read a text about the environment. Do the following activities . Match the topics with the photographs. 1. Pollution, 2, The destruction of the rainforest. 3. Consumerism and waste. b, Scan the newspaper articles and match them 1. Our World is changing very fast. The environmental problems are increasing nowadays, for instance: ‘The Earth's rainforests are in danger of disappearing. Large companies are destroying tees to make money. The forests are an important source of oxygen, so without them, the Earth is becoming hotter and hotter, which is causing problems all over the world 2. At present more and more environmentalists are encouraging people to try to generate less rubbish - ‘most of the products people are buying have too much packaging so we are running out of space to dump all our rubbish 3. Another problem is that cars are polluting the environment all the time, With more ears on the roads, people are experiencing more traffic jams than ever before. Cars emit dangerous gases, and these are causing serious health problems. c Find the equivalent English words for these terms in the text. 1 2 3 actudmente mas otro por emplo alentando contaminando bosque tropical basura medio ambiente .. peligo cenvolturas congestionamiento bosqres botar salud nB. CHECK YOUR GRAMMAR 1 Present Continuous Tense Negative Questions 1a 1 am not Am I ‘m ‘m not He | ; He is he | dancin is dancing isnot | dancing pee ne ss | geting up i isn't | getting up | 1 she | getting up? reading reading ue reading We We we You ae You aenot ‘Are you The The aren't they ‘* The present continuous describes actions about something that is in progress now, at this moment. We are studying English right now. ‘The present continuous is also used for a temporary activity or situation. We are studying English this year. We often use the present continuous to talk about arrangements we've made for the future. ‘We are studying English this afternoon for the exam. Spelling of the gerund ‘+ In most verbs the gerund is formed by adding - ing. read —» reading speak —+ speaking play —+ playing ‘+ When the verb ends in e, the e is dropped before adding ~ing, make —» making have —+having love —* loving © When the verb ends in -y, only ~ing is added. study — studying fly —> flying ery —> crying + When the verb ends in a vowel+consonant the final consonant is doubled and — ing is added. sit —+ sitting run —» running begin —pbeginning a, Write the ing form of these verbs rain swim slay live talk drink write enjoy win b. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets in the present continuous tense. 1, Take your umbrella! It . - (rain) a lot. 2. Nowadays the population ....... sssssscesessen (imereasing) at an incredible speed. 3. Engineering students . ; . (study) very hard these days for their exams. 4. Itis Mary’s birthday next week. We... (send) the invitations today. 5. Where are the children?. they (do) their homework? 6 7 8 Tom .. (not work) today. He (watch) TV because it is weekend, The football team ofthe city “ (play) on Sunday. += YOU (take ) notes about the topic?4, Read the text below and write the names of the people in the correct place is a sunny Saturday morning and Mr. and Mrs. Brown are having a party in their house. Everybody is having 4 good time and doing different things: Andy is eating a hamburger. Milo is holding a soccer ball and James is playing soccer around the garden. Mrs. Brown is very happy today with all the guests. She is putting some flowers on the table and his husband Tom is next to her wearing a hat. Anna is playing the guitar and Alex is watching at her. Mark and Molly are holding hands. Tony is cooking sausages on the barbecue, Emma is talking on her cellphone and Robert is skateboarding. You can also see Sophie in the garden, she is taking a photo of the party and finally Helen , who is wearing sunglasses is in the middle of the picture. Il. QUESTION WORDS. Question Words In July Paris. : A bag. Who. John. Why...? Because it is late. Which... The blue car How...? By plane How much...? $25 How many...? Six. Whose...? Susan’s pencil What time...? At six o'clock.a, Match these questions with their answers I 2 3 4 5. 6. 7 8 9. Where are the Andes Mountains? How much What time is it now? How are you today? a. this pair of jeans? b. 4 How many students are there in your class? Which is your pencil? Whose are those magazines? Who is your English teacher? What are you wearing today? 10. When is your birthday? E & h i. j It’s three o'clock. They're John’s. ‘There are a lot. Ibis $45, It’s on October. I'm very well, thank you. Mr. Johnson. ___ Anew jacket. In South America, of course. __ It’s the big one. b. Complete the questions with the appropriate question word. When * What time * Whose How * Why * How much * Who * Where * What + How many * Which separ aHaune 0. 1 . are you going on holiday? is your hat? ._ is Peter doing this afternoon? books are there on the shelf? - are your cousins? are you going to school today? is the football match? are those newspapers? petrol is there in the car? is the Independence Day? are you running? We are travelling to La Paz. It’s the blue one. He is playing football. ‘There are about sixty five. Sue and Tom. I'm going to school walking. It’s about a quarter to three. ‘They're Mark's. There is only a little. It’s on the fourth of July. Because I'm late for work. c. General Knowledge. Choose the correct answer for these questions. 14 Who is the USA president? a Mi elle Bachelet b. Barak Obama Where is it going to be the next World Cup? gland b. In Brazil ¢. Nicolas Maduro c. In Russia How many students are there at Engineering Faculty? a. About 5,000 b. About 7,000 Which is the capital of the USA? a. Washington b. New York When is our country’s anniversary? a. In May b. In January ¢. About 6,000 ¢. Philadelphia c. In AugustIIL. PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE. ai & oo under among, between next to near Ce ws =| COU STE SSO Er SS RO o a, Practice Prepositions. Go back to page 13 and look at the picture at the party and complete these sentences using a preposition of place from the pictures above. Mrs. Brown is putting some flowers _ ab __the table. 2. Alot of people are having a party _ the yard 3. Everybody is ___ the house. 4, Sophie is taking some photos the tree. 5. There is a dog ny. The dogs eating, 6. Anais playing the guitar. She is the house. 7. ‘There is a child these people. 4 Tomis his wife looking at Milo, 4, ‘There are some hamburgers on the table the plates and the salt 10. Robert is going _____im his skateboard. +b. Complete this text with a prepo: jon from the box. from on with on in at for _______ Penver in the USA. He is studyin work, Heis lish at present because itis useful home right now. He is watching the news a comfortable armchair. His wife is putting some pictures playing in the garden the television. He is the wall and his children are ___ the dog.C. INCREASE YOUR VOCABULARY. Write the meaning of the following words. They appear in the lesson. NOUNS VERBS pollution change rainforest increase waste encourage environment dump newspaper enjoy nowadays stay danger drink source cat | rubbish hold traffie jams wear health run population travel speed walk weekend win team begin topic sunglasses holiday cousins match knowledge yard 16UNIT FOUR MOBILE PHONES A. UNDERSTANDING A TEXT. Read the text and do the following activi 8. Before reading the text, answer these questions. 1, What can you do with a mobile phone? 2. What people shouldn't do with a mol phone? 3. What will happen in the future with technology? 1 The mobile phone is one of the g cat inventions in 20" century. We cannot imagine our life without the mobile phone. It is obvious truth that using mobile phones can give us a lot of benefits in all aspects but it can also cause some trouble ina specific situation. This essay will explain about the advantages and disadvantages of using mobile phones with some examples. 5 ADVANTAGES Using a mobile phone can contribute our communication to make easier than before, 30 years ago people should take a landline phone or go to a public telephone box to make a call. In addition to that, 50 years ago. we should post a mail or visit someone to communicate. However in recent times, we ean contact with people who live abroad in seconds. It is not only a mohile phone but also a calculator, a MP3 player, a computer because people can use it to call to other, calculate, listen to music, arrange’ the schedule, surf on the internet, check e-mail and so on. The advantages of mobile phones will increase day by day in the future. DISADVANTAGES, However people should know that something that can broadcast electro-magnetic wave it might really have some bad influence to our health, including the mobile phone. The scientists must show that people using a mobile phone frequently could have more risk to get ears and fingers diseases. In addition electro-magnetic wave from a mobile phone can cause more diseases like epilepsy and especially brain cancer. We can also see some rude people who speak loudly in public places, in particular in libraries, trains and theaters. 20° In conclusion we must consider the advantages and disadvantages of mobile phone. We can use it ina right way to protect ourselves. There is nothing too bad, just the way we use it make it worse. 10 . ind the equivalent English words in the text for the Spanish words below. The numbers in brackets indicate the line where you will find the words. coor verdal (1.2) cssceeescceseesseee Hamar (1.10) . - oidos (1.16) . probkma (1.3) cecseeee onganizar(.N1) sessee ded08(16) cosscsee ademas (1.7) sin embargo (14) coccceseeeececeseees Onda (LID)... correspondencia (1.8) emitir (1.14) cerebro({.18), en elextranjero (1.9)... enfermedades(l.16). peor (1.21).B. CHECK YOUR GRAMMAR L Modal Auxiliary Verbs ‘can (for ability — for possibility) ~ She can speak four languages. may (permission or possibility) = May I help with your coat? might (future possibility) ~ She might travel on holiday. must (obligation or necessity) ~ You must go to see the film. It’s brilliant. should (advice or recommendation) ~ John should study English very hard. would (conditional sentences) - I would like a coke. It is very hot. could (polite request — past of ‘can’) - We couldn’t arrive on time. will (future tense) - He will travel this weekend. Form of Modal Auxiliary verbs + They help another verb, The verb form is the infinitive without to. She can drive a car. ‘They must learn English. It will rain soon. ‘+ The form is the same for all persons. 1 can play the g He can play the vi We can play the piano. «They add not in negatives and precede the subject in questions. Can you drive a car? No, Teannot drive a eat Should I phone home? No, you shouldn’t. May I open the door? No, you may not. It is very cold in here. a, Look at the sentences below and complete them with must or mustn’t. We .... . take care of our planet. ‘The environment is in danger and We ........++.+--ssssssees destroy it leave rubbish everywhere we go. ... Keep towns and cities clean. cover the countryside with garbage. «think more about the animals on the planet. forget that Earth is our home. NAWAYNE b. Match these sentences with their complements. ‘Take your umbrella! English is very important. He is very sick. 1 We will travel next weekend. 2 3 4, It’s holiday! 5. 6 7. Would you like a glass of water? Can you help me, please? It might rain later. Could you open the window, please? ‘You should learn it! He must go to the doctor. May I smoke in the dinning-room? It is very hot in here. | like a cigarette after dinner. Pm thirsty. 8. Ihave an exam tomorrow. 18 UT FE mp eae oRa Indefinite Pronouns [ PEOPLE OBJECTS PLACES Positive "| Positive - Positive oO | - Somebody is waiting for you at | - I'd like something to eat. I’m - They are buying a house the door. hungry. somewhere in the south of France. Negative Negative Negative = There isn’t anybody at the office. | - There isn’t anything interesting | - I couldn’t go anywhere last night. ‘The door is closed. on the television. because I was Question Question Question - Can anybody help me with this | - Is there anything to eat in the = Will you go anywhere on holiday task? house? * We can use anything and anywhere in affirmative sentences where it means it doesn’t matter what / where. - Pm hungry. | could eat anything! - We can go anywhere you like. ‘* Something (like someone and somewhere) can also be used in polite questions, offers or suggestions. ~ Would you like something hot? = Could we go somewhere by the sea? a. Fill in the gaps with an indefinite pronoun: somebody — anybody — something ~ anything — somewhere — anywhere ~ everybody ~ everything — everywhere — nobody — nothing — nowhere. 1. I'm bored. I would like to go . . nice tonight. 2. Close your eyes. There is .... seve FOr you 3. There is at the door. Can you open it, please? 4. There isn’t in Ms. Kent’s office. There are no lights. 5. Are you going after classes? & Who is in the bathroom?. it’s empty. 7. Things in London are very expensive. In my country ....... - is cheap. & Lam looking for my keys. I can’t find them. 9. Let’s go tonight, We are celebrating your promotion 10. The teacher is very friendly. likes him. 19C. SCANNING. Read the text to and do the following acti es. UN UNFORGETTABLE HOLIDAY Come and enjoy this fantastic experience! “a. Find antonyms for these words in the text. BENS nobody there beautiful black Hello Everybody!. We are in one of the fine hotels in Honolulu. It is a nice island in Hawai, Everyone here can speak English. You can sunbathe on the beautiful beaches of Waikiki or you may tie in the white sand. Everything, is wonderful here. You can swim in the warm blue water of the Pacific Ocean. Or you can spend time in a canoe. But you will not spend all your time on the beach. There are many other activities you could do. This is Honolulu and it means sightseeing. You can go on a tour to Iolani Palace, the only royal palace in the United States. And, in tropical Honolulu nothing is boring, you can see rainforest jungles, exotic birds, and gardens with beautiful flowers everywhere. 5. afew aa 6. everything. eeeesee 7. exciting 8. 20 b. Comprehension, Read the text again and answer the questions below. 20 Where is Honolulu? Where can people sunbathe in Honolulu? Is there any sand? How many activities to do are there? Is there anything boring there? What kind of birds are there in Honolulu?. INCREASE YOUR VOCABULARY. Write the meanings of these words. WORDS life without truth trouble advantage disadvantage telephone box in addition mail however abroad health cars fingers diseases, brain worse garbage bored great Tights. beach VERBS post increase know broadcast see travel learn take care keep leave think forget wait sunbathe lie spend come enjoy 21UNIT FIVE A. CHECK COMPREHENSION. Read the following article and do the a a. GUESSING. Match the Spanish words for the English equivalents in the text. The numbers VISION OF THE FUTURE EDUCATION Students will have a laptop computer on their desks. They won’t need to read many books because they will get information from the computer. When they are ill, they are going to send their homework to their teacher's e-mail address. Schools will have virtual libraries. Whenever you want a book, you will be able to go to the school library page and download it onto your computer. Most schools will be linked to the internet so students can take part in chats and video conferences. TECHNOLOGY Antificial intelligence experts will create ‘smart homes’. When you walk into your home, it will say hello to you, tum on the lights and switch the radio to your favourite station. As you lie on your bed, your stereo is going to play your favourite songs. A voice will remind you of your homework for the day. You will see the latest films on your TVs or on your computer screens and you will download your favourite hits from the Internet. You won’t have to walk the dog. Small robots and androids will do that for you. And you won’t have to do the shopping with your mum and stand in long queues: your refrigerator will e- mail your grocery list to the supermarket TRANSPORT Pollution will become a problem of the past. Oil will disappear as a source of energy since all the deposits in the Persian Gulf will run out. We are going to find and develop new, cleaner forms of energy for vehicles. The electric car will be popular in cities. Public transport will be free in most large cities and traffic jams will disappear gradually from city centres. Cars will have automatic navigation systems so that you can avoid traffic jams during holiday times. Humans will start travelling to Mars and the Moon on holiday. brackets indicate where you will find them. necesitar (1.2) decir (18) secceeececeee filas (1.13) enfermo (1.3) encender (19)... ~ abarrote.(IL14) ..... ‘cuando quiera (1.4) permanecer (1.9), ya que (1.16) transferir (1.5) recordar (1.10)... ++ agotarse (L17)........ conectar (1.5) pasear ([.12) evitar (120) b. COMPREHENSION. Read the text again and answer the questions below. 22 2. What will “smart homes” be able to do? 3. Why will shopping be easier? 4. Why won't there be traffic jam: 1. Why won't students need so many books?B. CHECK YOUR GRAMMAR. 1. FUTURE TENSES: Will/ be going to (affirmative and negative) 1 Sec travel abroad will He t She is going to live ona space station. 7 will We ‘ You are going to play football. They will He Will/Be going to: Yes/No questions in? wil 1 poing towing | Yes Twill * Yes, Tam No, I won't. * No, I'm not wit | He > Yes, he will. * Yes, he is] No, he won't. * No, he isn’t She | Win? | Yes, she will. * Yes, she is | No, she won't. * No, she isn’t is It going to win? Yes, it will. * Yes, it is won't. * No, it isn’t We a Yes, we will * Yes, we are} No, we won’t. * No, we aren’t will You setowin? | Yee ¥ouwill * Yes you are | No, you won’t. * No, you aren’t are They | soingto win ‘Yes, they will * Yes they are| No, they won't. * No, they aren’ © We use going to, to talk about future plans or intentions. - He is going to spend a week in France. = I'm going to post this letter. We also use going to, to predict a future event which seems certain because of present evidence. = Look at those black clouds! It’s going to rain. We use will for about the future. = The phone is ringing, I'll answer it ‘* Look at these examples of can/will be able to He can’t drive a car now. He will be able to drive in one month because he is learning at the moment. She can use the computer very well. She will be able to find a good job in the future, tentions where we decide at the moment of speaking. And also for simple predictions a. GRAMMAR. Look at the sentences. Decide if they are predictions, plans or things certain to happen. ‘Tuen complete with be going to or eens 2 [think | see a film tomorrow night ---pass the English test tomorrow. 2 Alma cove study medicine when she leaves school. 4 Trythis cake. You .......... like it.5. Many scientists are predicting that the climate . years. 6. Itis cloudy! It b. WILL OR WON'T, 1. Many people .... Complete these sentences with you own ideas about the future. Use will or won't. . a lot in the next hundred have enough to eat 2. The Earth cose be very different. 3. There . be a world government. 4. People live on another planet. 5. There --be only one language in the world 6 We «at the same things that we eat now, ¢. SKIMMING. Read these Science Fiction Stories about the future and choose the best title for each section. AD 4000 AN END TO DESTRUCTION AD 2096 CLOSING TIME ON EARTH 1. Things will look similar — cities, roads, cars, buildings — but there will be one difference: everything will be intelligent. For example cars will talk to satellites and other cars to check traffic, plan journeys and avoid to traffic jams Information technology will be everywhere. The richest countries will be Vietnam, Malaysia, Korea Japan and China. Europe will be poor and will need economic aid. Scieatists will stop the collapse of the Earth's ecology. The last of the world’s large animals — thinos and elephants — will live in giant domes in Africa. All other animals will be extinct. The good news is that if we survive until 2096 we will all be healthy and we will live for a long time, But Earth is going to be overcrowded, so in 2096 we will see the start of a massive space exploration programme. d. VOCABULARY. Match the following words from the text 1. Traffic jams (section 1) 2, Journey (section 1) 3. Aid (section 1) 4. Collapse (section 1) 5. Dome (section 2) 6. Overcrowded (section 3) 24 AD 10 000 NEW WORLDS 2. We will be experiencing the second ice age. The Earth will be freezing cold and nobody will live on it. There will be people living on Mars, but they'll five in large domes, a bit like enormous bubbles. People won't ever go outside these domes, because there will be hardly any atmosphere. At the same time, ultra — violet rays from the sun will destroy people, so they will only be able to live in these protected domes. People will try to make Mars more like the Earth. 3. We will be able to travel from Earth to Jupiter in four or five hours down one of the many space tunnels. Mars and the other worlds of Jupiter, Venus and Mercury will start becoming overcrowded. So we'll need to explore out our galaxy for other places to live. ions from the list. Bese help arrive to the end. €. see With a lot of population. trip. full of cars and people. a semicircle thing to protect something.IL. COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF THE ADJECTIVES Comparative and Superlative Adjectives Adjective Comparative Superlative 1 syllable cold colder the coldest high higher the highest late later the latest 1 syllable ending in single vowel + consonant big bigger the biggest hot hotter the hottest 1 or 2 syllables ending in -y dry drier the driest easy easier the easiest sunny sunnier the sunniest 2 or more syllables difficult more difficult the most difficult expensive more expensive the most expensive famous more famous the most famous Irregular good better the best bad worse the worst a. MAKING COMPARISONS. Complete the sentences using the comparative form of the adjective. 1. The town isn’t very clean. The country is .........cleaner.that....... the town. 2. My carisn’t very new. Your car is ssseeeeeee MY CF, 3. Ann’s house isn’t very modern. Your house is soon Anns, 4. Bob's garden isn’t very big. Your garden is .. Bob's. 4. Yesterday wasn’t very hot. Today is + yesterday. 6 Sue's homework isn’t very good. Peter’s homework is ..........0..0.. sess Sue's, 1. Your car isn’t very dirty. My caris : - yours. & This exercise isn’t very difficult. The next exercise iS ........0...--csessessesseeu this one. 4. New York is an expensive city. London is.. sos New York. 10. Sucre is a warm city. Cochabamba Sucre,b. 26 Complete the sentences using the superlative form of the adjectives. old large long deep high slow fast The .....2/deS#.... rock in the world is Acaria Gneissis. It is in Canada. It is about 3,692 million years old 2. The... mountain in the world is Mount Everest in the Himalayas. It is8,863 metres h 3. Greenland is the soossssees iSland in the world. The Nile and the Amazon are the two ....... rivers in the world The... lake in the world is Lake Baikal in Central Siberia it is 1,630 metres deep. 6. The cheetah is the sesossses animal, It has a maximum speed of 96 -101 Km/h, 7. Two of the animals are the garden snail (0,05 km/h) and the giant tortoise (0.27 km/h). Comparative and superlative adjectives. Look at the chart and write sentences comparing the three cities. City Chicago Rio Rome Age 175 years old 450 years old 2,750 years ow | Population 3 million 6 million 2,6 million Winter January -6°C July 25°C January 10°C Summer July 23°C January 31°C July 30°C 1. Riois -+:s+» Chicago, but Rome is . city. Chicago is . . Rome, but Rio is . sity. among the three. 3. Rome is... Rio in winter, but Chicago 4. Rome is Chicago in summer, but Rio isC. INCREASE YOUR VOCABULARY. Write the meaning of the following words. They appear in the lesson. - ‘WORDS VERBS century need ill get homework send chats walk sereen turn on queues switch grocery remind traffic jams avoid same spend journey ty poor eat overcrowded survive, age become dome hardly garden dirty warm deep slow high winter summer _ 4UNIT SIX LIFESTYLE A. CHECK COMPREHENSION. Read the text and do the activities below SKIMMING. This is a reading strategy which we use when we want to know what a reading text is, about. So we do not need to understand every word to get the general idea. Now match these headings with the paragraphs. ‘THE AVERAGE ENGLISH FAMILY: A STEREOTYPE. WHAT’S LONDON LIKE? GOOD AND BAD THINGS ABOUT LONDON London has a population of about 6,770,000. It the River Thames. In fact until World War Two, London was the biggest city in the world, but now there are many cities which are much bigger. London is famous for many things. Tourists come from all over the world to visit its historic buildings, such as St Paul's Cathedral, which has a huge dome and the Houses of Parliament, where you see and hear the famous clock Big Ben. They also visit its theatres, museums and many shops, such as Harrods, people buy there anything son Like many cities London has problems with traffic and pollution. Over 1,000,000 people a day use the London Underground. However there are still too many cars on the streets. The air isn’t clean, but it is cleaner than ‘many years ago. The best thing about London is the parks. There are five in the city centre. Families go there to have a good time and children enjoy doing different activities, The average English family lives in a house with a garden in the south of England. They own their house. The house has three bedrooms. On average they have two children and a pet. The family drives a two-year old Ford Cortina. The father works in an office of an engineering company for 40 hours a week and earns 200 pounds per week. He goes to work by car. ‘The mother works in a service industry for three days a week and eams 95 pounds. She quite likes her job as it gets her out of the house and meets people. The children go to a state school, a few miles from home. A special bus comes to pick up them every day. 28b. Match these Spanish words with their English equivalents in the text. The numbers in brackets indicate the sections where you will find the words. situarse (1) coceeeseeeeee escuchar (1) eevee propia (3) de hecho (1) ...... cecceeeseeeees Comprar (1) ganar (3) hasta (1) sin embargo (2) eeeeee bastante (3) .. tal como (1) atin (2) eee coeseeeess reunirse (3) enorme (1) . promedio (3) wes publica (3) B. CHECK YOUR GRAMMAR. L Present Simple Affirmative Present Simple Negative I 1 live ina flat. Ye live ina flat You ‘ou . e es swim in the sea. re don’t swim in the sea. They | eat meat, They eat meat. He plays football in the park. He play football in the park. ‘She watches | television at home. She doesn’t | watch — | television at home. It sleeps | at night. tt sleep at night. Present Simple Interrog: 1 1 You Yes, You do live in a flat? we No, We “don't They They He He y 4 Does | She | sleep at night? }~S she 2 in No, it doesn’t Look at these rules for the third person: - play plays learn earns like likes - study studies cry cries fly flies = watch watches go goes wash washes = have has a. Positive sentences: Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verb. begins ...... at two o'clock. (begin) every night. (study) 1, The football game . 2 You... 3. Our father us to the school every day. (drive) 4 He =— his car every Saturday. (wash) 5 Susan and John oe reports for the newspaper. (write) 6 People . English all over the world. (speak) 7. The students ......... -- Rew strategies to learn vocabulary. (develop) & She isa pilot. She s-see all over the world. (travel) 29b. Negative sentences: Complete the sentences with don’t or doesn’t. Te They ........M0Mt.... drive on the right in Britain. 2. The children .. 0 to school at weekends, 3. I speak Spanish, but I. speak French 4, You... see a lot of Japanese cars in Europe. 5. It rain in autumn, 6. The USA president ..... live in New York. the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. *speak *come *love *work *visit *serve *go *have * like John and his wife Isabel ....WAFK..... at the Regent Hotel in the centre of London. John is a receptionist and Isabel . in the hotel bar. John says: Ten million people ..............-- to London every year. In the hotel we «2... visitors from all over the world especially from America and Japan. 1. . English, German, French and Spanish. Our visitors doing many things. They - the Houses of Parliament and Buckingham palace. Then in the evening they .. v- to the theatre. I work from six o'clock in the morning to three in the afternoon. Isabel .. the drinks from six in the afternoon to one in the morning, but we . ‘our work. We like me 1g people of all nationalities. II. ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY Notice the position of adverbs of frequency. These adverbs usually come before the main verb. We always have wine in the evenings. Tusually go to bed at 11.00. I don’t often go swimming. He sometimes plays tennis on Saturdays. She never eats meat. 2. Sometimes and usually can also come at the beginning or the end. Sometimes we play cards. _ We play cards sometimes. Usually I walk to work. I walk to work usually. 3. Look at the questions How often do you go to the disco? Every Friday. Once a week. Do you ever go to the disco? Twice a month. Four times a year. Never. 30Ill. PRESENT TENSES. Simple Present Present Continuous She works in a hospital. She is working at the hospital now, She doesn’t work in a school. She is not working in a school right now. ‘What do you do every day? - What are you doing at the moment? We go to school every day. We are going to school. Do you speak English? Yes, 1 do Are you speaking English now? Yes, 1am a, Read the text and find examples of the Present Simple and Present Continuous. Then write them in the correct column. IS THERE LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS? The idea that there is life on other planets is a very old one. In 1959 the United States began to search for life in space and in 1989 a new project started. From the Ames Space Station in California, scientists are now sending radjo messages into space every few hours. They want to tell the universe that there is life on Earth. Is anybody listening out there?. We really don’t know. At the same time scientists are listening to the radio signals that come to Earth. They are looking for signs of intelligent life on other planets. Scientists are building very powerful radio telescopes so that they can learn more about the stars and planets. They also hope to learn something from the spaceships. At this moment spaceships are travelling into space. They are sending photographs back to Earth. Perhaps we lear a lot from these photographs. SIMPLE PRESENT PRESENT CONTINUOUS 31IV. VERB PATTERNS. Verb + to + Infinitive Verb + Verb ing They want to buy a new car. = Everyone loves going to parties. Thope to see you again soon. = [ like working as a teacher. ‘They try to learn English. - it stops raining. We need to arrive on time to class. = She hates cooking at weekends. He decided to go to Spain on h What would you like to drink? = We enjoy eating hamburgers. = Do you start painting the room? They bave to pass the exam. = What does she prefer doing in her free time? With Modal Auxiliary Verbs: Iean’t understand you. ‘They will travel on holiday. ‘You should learn English He must study hard for his exams. INFINITIVE OR ING. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form, infinitive (with or without to), or the ing. 1. Everyone hopes 10.€nioy... (enjey) themselves on holiday. 2. Don’t forget .. .. (send) your friend a birthday card. 3. Lenjoy (visit) exciting places on holiday. 4, Peter wants .... (learn) English for his job. 5. We must invite) our neighbours to a welcome party. 6. Mary and John love «....+sseseseee++-4(G0) to the theatre. 1. We'd love .. (see) Shakespeare’s Hamlet next week, 8. She is learning o .. (drive) a car. 9. They prefer . (play) in a swimming pool all day. 10. My family is trying s+ (decide) where to go on holiday. b. Read the text and complete it with the correct form of the verb in brackets. THE MAGIC BOX © Television is : time watching TV than doing anything else. © Television can .........::--.+--++ (help) us to lea more about the world, and people leam ... (know) and see many new things. It can also make things more memorable. © People like . _. (watch) television, but It can make us passive. We don’t have .. (think) and our brains become lazy. © Some critics say that television is ty. (show) that children who watch violent programs are -- (get) more violent. 32 (change) our lives in many ways. Many people ................ (spend) more ...(make) people violent. A ten-year study in the United StatesC. INCREASE YOUR VOCABULARY. Write the meaning of these words. They appear in the unit. WORDS, heading, in fact such as huge shop ‘underground ago average pet drinks once twice signals perhaps again free time welcome brain lazy VERBS understand lie have hear enjoy drive eam meet wash see serve search for know build hope send want become my try 33UNIT SEVI LET’S REMEMBER THE PAST A, CHECK UNDERSTANDING. a. How much do you know about the Beatles?. Try to answer the questions below. Who were the Beatles? Where were they from? How many musicians were there in the band? What was its nickname? A VERY SHORT STORY OF THE BEATLES, The Beatles were probably the most important pop and rock group of all time. They were together for only eight years, The Beatles were an English rock band that formed in Liverpool, in 1960 with John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. ‘They were the biggest single influence on sixties pop and rock. They were all born in Liverpool. John Lennon and Paul McCartney were the songwriters, Ringo Start was the drummer and George Harrison, the youngest of the four, was the lead guitarist. They were very popular in the United Kingdom after their first hit “Love Me Do” in 1962. Soon after this hit, “Beatlemania was born and they were the idols of teenagers all over the world, they also were called with the nickname “the Fab Four”. By early 1964 they became international stars, leading the “British Invasion” of the United States pop market. From 1965, the Beatles produced what many critics considered their finest material, including their albums Rubber Soul (1965), Revolver (1966), The Beatles (commonly known as the White album, 1968) and Abbey Road (1969). After their break-up in 1970, they enjoyed successful musical careers. There was a tragedy en 1980 when somebody killed John Lennon in New York, and Harrison died of lung cancer in ‘November 2001. McCartney and Starr, the surviving members, remain musically active. The Beatles are the best-selling music artists in history, with estimated sales of over 600 million records worldwide b. SCANNING. Scan the text to find these information. What do these dates refer to”. Write a sentence about them. 11960 “ccs. The band was formed in Liverpool. 7. 1980 8. 600 million .... 34B. CHECK YOUR GRAMMAR Simple past with be: affirmative and negative Subject be (+not) I/He/She/It | was/wasn't | in the living room. You/We/ They | were/weren’t | at home There was/wasn't | a famous singer. ‘There were /weren’t | a lot of concerts, Past time expressions: ago, last, yesterday Tony was at home two weeks / a day / six hours /a minute ago. We were in Barranquilla last night / week / month / year. Your guitar was behind the curtains | yesterday morning / afternoon / evening, a. GRAMMAR. Read the short text below and fill in the gaps with was or were. ROCK MUSIC Rock music in one form or another is now the most popular type of music all over the world. But where it from? BLACK MUSIC Rock . the most important kind of music in the USA in the early 1950s. At that time, ‘rhythm and blues’ music ............. Very popular with black Americans. *R & B” .. a mixture of black religious music (‘gospel’) and jazz. People at that time .. happy to dance and enjoy this type of music. ROCK ‘N’ ROLL, Noticing the success of R & B music started to copy the same style. By the mid 1950s, this new white R & B music, rock ‘n? roll, and it ............ Very popular. Singers like Elvis Presley and Bill Haley very famous of teenage fans. Their music ... fast and loud. Many older people surprised and they thought that rock ‘n’ roll ........«. very dangerous. . old fashioned. Many of the songs .-- popular. They .. boring. It . The Beatles. By the early 1960, even rock ‘n’ roll .. at that time that a new group from England b. DICTIONARY WORK. Look up these words in your dictionary. They appear in the text above same fans mixture teenage ee... carly successb, INFORMATION QUESTIONS. Match the questions with the answers. 1. Who was Lady Diana? a.___ They were in England. 2. How many people were there in the stadium? b.__ He was a brilliant pop singer. 3. Where were the Beatles from? ¢__It was Germany. 4, Who were Charles Dickens and William Shakespeare? d.___ It was three weeks ago, 5. Which country was the last World Cup Champion? e._ They were from England. 6. Where were the last Olimpic Games? f.___ There were about 2000 people. 7. When was your last English exam? g___ They were famous English writers. 8. Who was Michael Jackson? h,_1__She was the princess of Wales. c. THERE WAS / THERE WERE. Complete these sentences with there was — there were — there wasn’t — there weren't. Be ceeceecee csscsssseses alot of people at the concert last night. 2 an earthquake in Chile in 2012 3. . any scores at the football match last Saturday 4. a big accident on the road yesterday afternoon, 5 an exam yesterday. 6 . only some students last class. I. ORDINAL NUMBERS. Look at these numbers. 1" first 11" eleventh 21" twenty-first 2" second 12" twelfth 22" twenty-second 3" third 13" thirteenth 45" forty- fifth 4° fourth 14" fourteenth 67" sixty- seventh s® fifth 15" fifteenth 72" seventy- second 6" sixth 16" sixteenth 88" eighty eighth 7 seventh 17" seventeenth 94" ninety fourth 8° eighth 18" eighteenth 100" hundredth 9" ninth 19" nineteenth 1000" thousandth 10" tenth 20" twentieth 36a. Write these ordinal numbers. 25" 66" at 73" 3s 18 b. Learn the months of the year. Then write the following dates, January February = March == April, «= May-June July August September __October_ November _ December 1. 3/5/1995 2. 12/8/1968 5RN964 20/10/2001 18/6/2012 ”C. INCREASE YOUR VOCABULARY. Write the meaning of these important words of the unit. ‘WORDS L VERBS: _ nickname remain togheter look up songwriters appear drummer lea lead write hit teenagers break-up successful lung sales records worldwide mixture success same loud songs earthquake dates 38UNIT EIGHT ENGLISH LITERATURE ‘A. CHECK COMPREHENSION. You are going to read about a famous writer of the middle-ages. Read it carefully and do the activities below. CHARLES DICKENS (1812-1870) Charles Dickens is one of the greatest novelists in the English language. He wrote about the real world of Victorian England and many of his characters were not rich, middle-class ladies and gentlemen, but poor and hungry people. DICKENS THE CHILD His family lived in London. His father was a clerk in an office. It was a good job, but he always spent more money than he earned and he was often in debt. There were eight children in the family, so life was hard. Charles went to school and his teachers thought he was very clever. But suddenly when he was only eleven, his father went to prison for his debts and the family went, too. Only Charles didn’t go to prison, he went to work in 4a factory, where he washed bottles. He worked ten hours a day and earned six shillings (30p) a week. Every night after work, he walked four miles back to his room. Charles hated it and never forgot the experience. He used it in many novels, especially David Copperfield and Oliver Twist. DICKENS THE WRITER When he was sixteen, he started work for a newspaper. He visited law courts and the Houses of Parliament. Soon he was one of the Morning Chronicle's best journalists. He also wrote short stories for magazines. These were funny descriptions of people that he met. Dickens’ characters were full of colour and life-good people ‘were very, very good and bad people were horrible. His books became popular in many countries and he spent a lot of time abroad, in America, Italy and Switzerland DICKENS THE MAN Dickens had ten children, but he didn’t have a happy family life. He was successful in his work but not at home, and his wife left him. He never stopped writing and travelling, and he died very suddenly in 1870. a, GRAMMAR. Find the past tense of these verbs in the text. REGULAR VERBS IRREGULAR VERBS eam write wash be work . spend walk 20 hate - meet visit . become stop ecrereereest te have die = leave 39b. SCANNING. Read the text about Charles Dickens and answer these questions. ‘Where did Charles Dickens live? How old was Dickens when he died? How many brothers or sisters did he have? Was he good at school? How much money did he earn at the factory? ... ‘Was he a good journalist? Was he happy at home? When did he stop writing? B. CHECK YOUR GRAMMAR I. PAST TENSE. PAST SIMPLE: Positive/Negative 1 went You didn’t go He/She/It We moved They didn’t move to London in 2006. YES/NO QUESTIONS last holiday? No, I didn’No, we didn’t Yes, she did. No, he didn’t. Yes, you did. with the family? No, they didn’t THE SIMPLE PAST REGULAR VERBS. SPELLING. 40 ‘Most simple past regular verbs are formed by adding ed to the infinitive. want —® wanted play —> played develop —> developed walk => walked When the simple form of a verb ends in e only ~d is added. like —> liked arrive —> arrived increase. —> live => increased lived When the simple form or the verb ends in consonant + y, the y is dropped and —ied is added, carry —> carried wy > tried* Wh i in oe the simple form of a verb ends in a vowel + consonant the final consonant is doubled and —ed is stop —> stopped rob —> robbed THE SIMPLE PAST IRREGULAR VERBS. + Look at the irregular verbs. speak spoke read read write wrote cut cut fly flew hit hit leave left let let think thought hurt hurt make made spread spread say said cost cost a. Read this letter and complete it with the past tense of the verbs in brackets. Dear Valentina P'm really sorry about the party last night. 1 rsited....... (visit) my gran in the afternoon. After tea We es. (go) for a walk in the park. On the way back, my gran scssesseeesssee (fall) She .. (hurt) her knee badly. I... . (help) her home and then I ...... . (ring) my mum and dad. They .... (arrive) about twenty minutes later and we (take) gran to the hospital. She (Spend) the night in the hospital and we (stay) with her. Luckily it wasn’t too serious. When * . (get) back home I .. What a miserable day! Sorry again! What about meeting next Saturday? Love (watch) TV and . (study) for a bit. Jack Make the following sentences negative. 1. Lwrote a poem for the English class. 2. Spain won the last World Cup. 3. Picasso painted the Mona Lisa. 4. John F. Kennedy became the USA president in 1995. 5. Man arrived to the moon in 1965. 6. NASA sent a spaceship last year. T. Leonardo da Vinci lived in Brazil c. Yes/No questions. Answer these questions. 1. Did you study last night? 2, Did Germany win the last World Cup? 3. Did Columbus discover the New World? 4. Did we finish studying Unit 7? Did Charles Dickens write Romeo and Juliet? people have Internet in 1880? Did Beethoven play the 5" Symphony? 41u. Was/Were + V ing was driving. when somebody hit my car. were dancing but suddenly the music stopped. was walking and he saw the accident. were having classes when we heard a terrible noise. was raining a lot when they arrived home. Questions ‘What were you doing when somebody knocked the door? I was watching the news on TV. Where was Peter going last night? He was going to the Univer 1% Read this story and find examples of the simple present and present continuous. Then write them in the correct column. A BANK ROBBERY A detective is interviewing Mrs. Jane Garfield about a bank robbery. This is what she told the police: “I was walking along King Street. I was going to the post office and I saw a lot of people in the street. They were doing their shopping quite normally. When I was standing outside the post office looking in my bag for my letters, I heard a shout and I saw some robbers run out of the bank. I stopped because I was afraid, 1 didn’t try to do anything, because one of them was carrying a gun. ‘They ran past me and jumped into a car that was waiting near the bus-stop. People were shouting and screaming. The manager rushed out of the bank and ran towards the car, but it was too late. He couldn't stop them.” PAST CONTINUOUS PAST SIMPLE 4210 1s 20 READING. Read this famous story written be Shakespeare and do the following acti es. a, What do you know about the story of Romeo and Juliet. Do you think these statements are true or false? It was written by Shakespeare It is about the love between two cousins. Itis a happy romance. Juliet’s family want Juliet to marry Romeo. ;. Romeo and Juliet get married. geen b. Read the story and check your answers. Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet were living in Verona when they met at a party. It was love at first sight. Their families were enemies so the young couple could not meet in the open. Juliet’s cousin, Tybalt, hated the Montagues. He was walking down the street one day when he met Romeo and his friend Mercutio. When they were fighting, Mercutio was killed Romeo killed Tybalt in revenge.To save his life, Romeo left ‘Verona and went to Mantua. Juliet’s parents arranged for her to marry Paris, a friend of the family. Juliet was horrified. She asked the priest for advice. He suggested a plan: she should take a drug to make her sleep for a long time. Everyone should think she was dead. When she woke up, she should run away to meet Romeo in Mantua. The priest promised to write to Romeo and explain the plan. The night before her wedding Juliet took the drug, when her family found her in tic morning she was lying in her bed. They thought she was dead and took her body to the church. Unfortunalety Romeo never received the priest’s letter. He returned to Verona and saw Juliet’s body in the church. He thought she was dead as well. He was so devastated that he killed himself. Later when Juliet woke up, Romeo was lying beside her, dead. She killed herself too. After this tragedy, the Capulets and Montagues agreed to stop fighting and live in peace. c. VOCABULARY. Find the equivalent English words in the text for these Spanish Words. vista (1.2) cura (1.10) muerta (1.17) pareja (1.3) consejo (1.10) también (120) peleando (1.6 7 escapar (1113) ..... a lado (1.22) venganza (1.7) iglesia (17) «2.0.2.2... concordar (1.23) 4d, Read the text agi and answer the questions. 1. Did Juliet marry Paris? 2. Why did Romeo kill himself? 3. What happened to the two families after the tragedy? . 4, Where did Romeo and Juliet live? 43