You are going to read three extracts which are all concerned in some way with

extraterrestrial life. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you
think fits best according to the text.

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

Esse*lffiuil frfipr
r -:is part of the exam tests your
;=reral understanding of a
Assistant Editor for new
Wanted:
-1ole short text or text
science publication
,,,

:'ganisation, and some

:-estions may also focus on
r?lails. Read each text through
- order to get the general Are you o science enthusiost with o journollstic floir? Or perhops you ore o journolist
:=aning before attempting the with o possion for science? f so, then you could be the person we ore looking forl
:,; estions.

r ln September we will be lounching ls There Anybody Out There?, o monthly science

-cok at key words in each
:uestion and see how they mogozine speciolising in osirobiology ond ostrophysics, lt will report on the lotest
'.late to the relevant part of reseorch ond findings regording the study of life in the universe, We ore looking for o
--re text.The text may use
creotive ond lnnovotive Assistoni Edltor to he p develop o mogozine thot will be
::frerent words from those that
occessible to ihe loymon,
.opear in the questions and
:1swer options. Look for
3:rrases in the text which Job description
:3nvey the same meaning as The Assistoni Editor willbe expected to propose ideos for stories ond feoture orticles
trre of the options. The option
ond be involved in some of ihe initiol reseorch, He or she will be responsible for
,'ou choose must express the
same idea as that which editing the news stories ond help to set up the mogozine's web site, This will include
-ppears in the text. online oriicles ond informotion services,
Olestion 1:The answer to this
:-:stion may not be immediately Quolificotions required
::.:ous. What is the magazine The suitoble condidote will hove o Bochelor's degree in iournolism or science, ond
:-,'rng to do, according to the preferobly some knowledge of ostrobiology ond/or ostrophysics, He or she will be
:: . edisement? You may find it
fomilior with stondord office computer softwore ond will demonstrote creotive
-=:fulto eliminate the incorrect
.:'ions first. writing skills, The obility to hondle stress ond meet tight deodllnes is of the utmost
importonce.
0uestion 2: Notice the word
-:-.:st' in the question stem. lt is
- Dortant that the completed lf you think you fulfil these requirements ond ore interested, send us your resume with
:-=stion stem conveys the same o covering letter exploining why you think you wou d be suiioble for the job,
-aaning as that expressed in the
:=XI.

The new magazine aims to

A attract a readership of non-specialists.
B publish articles about life on Ear1h.
C conduct research into astrobiology.
D develop an interest in general science.
2 To be considered for the job, a candidate must
A have experience as a journalist.
B know about specialist software.
C be able to work under pressure.
D have studied astrobiology or astrophysics.

Test 1 ), PAPER 1 Reading ),. fai"i, "i


ffi$xm#ilttryt f,f,pr
Ouestion 3: Fead the oPtions
carefully and compare them with
what is expressed in the relevant
part of the text' Look for a word
in the text that expresses the idea
of 'flaw'.
Ouestion 4: Concentrate on the
key words in the question.
t-
-
E
Life in the flniverse 0
!
tr
UntiI recentty, we have confined ourselves to our own solar system in the I
search for Life, partty because we have not had evidence for the existence @
j
of other sotar systems. Furthermore, our telescopes have not been
d
powerful enough to detect planets. But not long ago, a technique was a
1
deveLoped that could ascertain re[iab[y whether stars have p[anets
orbiting them. Basical.Ly, this technique relies upon our abitity to detect
with some degree of precision how much Light a star is giving off. If this
changes for a brief period, it is probably because a Large object - a ptanet
'
- is passing in front of it. At first, the technique coutd only establish the
existence of a very large planet with an elLipticaL orbit that brought ii
into close proximity to the star. This was one of the Limitations of the
technique: Life cou[d not exist on such Large ptanets. Furthermore, the
orbit of the pLanet wouLd precLude the possibiLity of other, sma[[er p[anets
orbiting the same star. Therefore, that particular planetary system could
be effectivel.y ruled out in terms of the search for [ife.
However, astronomers using an Anglo-American telescope in New South
Wates now believe they have pinpointed a planetary system which
resembLes our own. For the first time, they have identified a large planet,
twice the size of Jupiter, orbiting a star Like the sun, at much the same
distance from its parent star as Jupiter is from the sun. And this is the
vital point about their discovery: there js at least a theoreticat possibitity
that sma[Ler planets cou[d be orbiting inside the orbit of this planet.
According to the article, the initial flaw in the technique for detecting new
planets lay in
A its inability to determine how much light a star was emitting'
B the fact that it could detect large objects passing in front of a star.
C its dependence on the amount of light that was emitted by a star.
D its inability to detect a planet where life could exist.
What is important about the recent discovery in New South Wales?
A Astronomers have discovered a planet which resembles Jupiter.
B Smaller planets may exist within the new planetary system.
C The new planet lies as far from its star as Jupiter does from the sun'
D There is a possibility that life exists on this new planet.
 ExrnAcr FRoM A FrLM REvTEW
T.het,write:r haq.rna ny
thi ngs,to.savaboulrthe'r'
,b€i,:thgr:4.9 estio..n: {oetr$es on F-,
The Sci-Fi Film Festivalretrospective begins this week, and science buffs F
r+ai<esjt *q eonVin rins ;
and UFO enthusiasts might do a lot worse than go and see Zemeckis's 7997 E.
#l
El;Ededrcf uI a,bout,lhe, '$.r:

+l..tnqrd$,i+ir,thq .opti ons'l classic, Contact, starring Jodie Fosier. Foster plays a research scientist called +n

:IJ,
does the writer actually say Ellie Arroway who intercepts a message from outer space. This message iiij
the use of special effects in F''

*r,n? indicates the existence of intelligent life and it triggers a whole chain of Fri

exfuaordinary events. F
b.
The film is based on the novel by the celebrated astronomer Carl'Sagan. Its F:,

strength lies in the fact that it manages to retain much of the power and 4-i

cornpelling natui"e of the book;:while at the same time maintaining a

relatively high level of technical accuracy. This is largely thanks to Sagan's
involvement in the making of ihe film. As many of you may know, Sagan iEl

died before the film was completed.

The main plot, concerning the discovery of the message, the struggle to E]:

interpret i!, and the eventual contact betrveen humans and aliens, is s;

interwoven with the intrigues that arise from the ambitions of scientists, +-

politicians and industtialists for fame and power.

As is usually the case with Zemeckis, special effects are used both creatively
andr effectively, serving to enhance the plot rather than swamp ii, and there
are fine performances, particularly by Ms Foster, Matthew McConaughey,
James Woods and Tom Skerritt. While ihe method with which Arrowqy
receives the alien communication is a far cry from the advanced technology
actually in operation, the story is nevertheless convincing, and contributed
to a renewed interest in UFOs and the search for extraterreskial life.

5 The review suggests that one reason the film is so convincing is because
A Jodie Foster is a very fine actress.
B an astronomer was involved in its creation.
C it used accurate techniques.
D it was directed by Zemeckis.

ln the reviewer's opinion, the special effects

A are the most imporlant aspect of the film.
B effectively suffocate the plot.
C are used to the film's advantage.
D enhance the actors' performances.

flrqtr Test 1 >F PAPER 1 Reading >F {s6}!t'tr

_sf nn-

tx l:r,l:t|i,!, i:i l.ti,ijr-ti.:n ii.i,i;i
l!ll!.iiiifi lil lri Il){j;,tl{:ifti]
Regent's Park in central London was recently the site of
a festival of music and fruit, marking the fifth bitlhday
of lnnocent, the drinks company set up by three college
friends who wanted to bring a bit of nature to the table.
It all began five years ago, when Adam Balon, Richard
Reed and Jon Wright were contemplating starting their
own business.They took 500 pounds worth of fruit to a
music festival in west London, made a huge batch of
smoothies - fruit drinks blended with milk and yoghur-t
- and asked their customers for a verdict.
Looking back, they now admit that they were amazingly
naive about starting a business, thinking it would just
take off once they had the recipes and packaging
figured out. ln fact, the three budding businessmen had
nine months living on credit cards and overdrafts
before they sold their first smoothie.
,'i$,lr
The appeal of lnnocent's products lies in their pure,
unadulterated ingredients, plus a dash of quirky
advertising. As one campaign put it, their drinks are not
made from fruit, they are fruit. lnnocent's refusal to
compromise on this point presented them with some
problems when they first started talking to potential
suppliers, Adam says. This was when they discovered
the truth about the majority of so-called 'natural fruit
d rin ks'.
.,.,9i.i
'Naivety', adds Richard, who is always ready with a
soundbite, 'can be a great asset in business because
you challenge the status quo.' Although lnnocent's
drinks are fiendishly healthy, the company has always
been very careful not to preach. 'Everyone knows what
they're supposed to doi says Richard. 'But we just
11ri'1lllfi'l''
10 ,.ir,x{#Test1 )rp4p6p 1 Reading
You are going to read a newspaper article. Six paragraphs have been removed from
the article. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap 17-12\.
There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use.
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
don't, especially when you live in a city and it's pints of
lager and a kebab at the end of the night. We just
thought, "Wouldn't it be great to make it easy for people
to get hold of this natural fresh goodness?" Then at
least you've got one healthy habit in a world of bad
ones.'
{0.r.
In essence, explains Jon, lnnocent plans to simply
freeze some of its smoothies, possibly with a bit of egg D
thrown in to make it all stick together. To help testers
make up their minds about which combinations work,
the yes and no bins will be dusted off and put out again.
i1,1'
'You've just got to put that in the category of "never say
neverl' says Richard. 'But the three of us go away once i
every three months to talk about what we want out of :
the business and we are all in the same place. So as ;
Ir
)1
long as we are excited and challenged and proud of the i 'il
business, we are going to want to be a part of it.' ; I
l:Z:
a
m
d
'We have got annoyed with each other,' admits Adam.
'But the areas we have had fallings-out over are things lI
(
where we each think we hare reasons to be right. So ii's
been about really important stuff like the col"orr of the
t
floor, the colour of the entrance, or what to paint the ;I
pillar.' 'We really did nearly jump on each other about il
U
thati adds Jon. 'Was it going to be blue or green?' I
)0
a
a
r:,"a,t.ri9r.i:
> {i!'fl"t:ti';1"
,.hm
 from A Despite the temptation to do so, they have so far working and make these things?" We had a bin that
t. 'efused all offers.This might not last. of course, but said yes and a bin that said no, and at the end ofthe
while it does. it will have positive consequences for weekend the yes bin was full of empty bottles. We
the fruit drinks market. all went in to work the next day and quit.'

B At the Regent's Park event the team tried out one of E They also seem to have managed to stay friends.
their new ideas - extending their range of products They still take communal holidays, and the fact that
into desserts. 'We always try and develop each member of the team brings a different and
something that we actually want, and for us there is complementary set of skills to lnnocent seems to
ihis problem of Sunday evenings when you sit have helped them avoid any big bust-ups over
down with a DVD and a big tub of ice cream and it's strategy.
nice to munch through it, but my God, is it bad for
youi Richard adds. F lnnocent now employs 46 people and FruitTowers -
as they call their base - has slowly expanded along
sof C Most are made from concentrated juice with water the line of industrial units. The company'has
just - and perhaps sweeteners, colours and managed to establish a dominant position in the
rple creservatives - added. 'We didn't even know about face of fierce competition. This year lnnocent
rat :hat when we startedi Adam explains. 'lt was when became Britain's leading brand of smoothie, selling
bad ',ve started talking to people and they said, "OK, aboul 40ok of the 50 million downed annually by
rve'll use orange concentrate/' and we said, "What's British drinkers.
___l concentrate?" and they explained it and we said,
I
"No, we want orange juicel' ' G Having created a successful business from this
rply base, is there a temptation to sell up and go and
egg D We originally wrote this massive long live on a deseft island? With consumers becoming
te rs questionnaire,' says Richard. 'But then we thought, increasingly concerned about what they put in their
ork, if you're at this festival and it's sunny, the last thing stomachs, premium brands such as lnnocent are
a in. you want is to fill out a survey. So we decided to worlh a lot of money to a potential buyer.

I say
keep it simple and ask literally, "Should we stop

nCe
Essenliol tips
I

rt of
)as ) fnis part of the exam tests your understanding of how a ) When you have found a paragraph that may fill a gap,
'the ::xt is organised and, in particular, how paragraphs relate read the paragraph that comes before it and the one that
tc each other. For example, a paragraph might give details comes after it to see that they fit together.
3bout an idea mentioned or discussed in a previous
_l caragraph, or it may present another side of an argument
l.scussed in a previous paragraph.
) Re-read the completed text and make sure it makes sense. i

am.
Ouestion 7:The last sentence in the previous paragraph
ngs ) Eead through the main text quickly to get a general idea of describes how Balon, Reed and Wright 'asked their
,*hat it is about. Don't worry if there are words or phrases
r it's customers for a verdict'. Which gapped paragraph describes
.;ou don't understand. Find the main idea in each paragraph.
the how customers gave their opinion?
the ) Look for links between the main text and the gapped Ouestion 9:The previous paragraph ends with 'This was
lout paragraphs.The gapped paragraph may have links either when they discovered the truth about the majority of so-
to the paragraph before it or to the paragraph after it, or called "natural fruit drinks" '. Look for a gapped paragraph
erren to both. which describes this 'truth'.
) -ook for theme and language links. For example: Question 11: In the paragraph following the gap, one of the
. references to people, places and times. owners of lnnocent implies that something seems unlikely
. words or phrases that refer back because he and his colleagues are still a good team' Which
or forward to another
gapped paragraph poses a question which this paragraph
word, phrase or idea in the text. For example, if the first answers?
Iine of a paragraph says something like'This becomes
clear when we look at ...', 'This' refers back to something
expressed in the previous paragraph.
. linking devices such as 'firstly'. 'secondly', 'furthermore',
'on the other hand', 'however'.These will help you to find
connections between paragraphs.

TEStl ) PAPERl Reading , ,, i

I
 You are going to read a magazine article. For questions 13-19, choose the answer
(A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
I
I
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

The Beauties of the Stone Age

lane Howard views some works of ancient art
I have iust come home after viewing some astonishing
I works of art that were recently discovered in Church
f Hole cave in Nottinghamshire. They are not drawings,
as one would expect, but etchings, and they depict a huge
range of wild animals. The artists who created them lived
around 13,000 years ago, and the images are remarkable
on a variety of counts. First of all, their sheer number is
staggering: there are ninety all told. Moreover, fifty-eight
of them are on the ceiling. This is extremely rare in cave
art, according to a leading expert, Dr Wilbur Samson of
Central Midlands University. 'Wall pictures are the norm,'
he says. 'But more importantly, the Church Hole etchings
are an incredible artistic achievement. They can hold their
own in comparison with the best found in continental
Europe.'I am not a student of the subject, so I have to take
his word for it. However, you do not have to be an expert
to appreciate their beauty.
ln fact, it is the wider significance of the etchings that is
likely to attract most attention in academic circles, since
they radically alter our view of life in Britain during this
epoch. lt had previously been thought that ice-age hunters
in this country were isolated from people in more central
areas of Europe, but the Church Hole images prove that
ancient Britons were paft of a culture that had spread right
across the continent. And they were at least as
sophisticated culturally as their counterpafts on the
mainland.
News of such exciting discoveries spreads rapidly, and
thanks to the lnternet and mobile phones, a great many
people probably knew about this discovery within hours of
the initial expedition returning. As a result, some etchings
may already have been damaged, albeit inadvertently, by
eager visitors. ln a regrettably late response, the site has
been cordoned off with a high, rather intimidating fence,
and warning notices have been posted.
An initial suruey of the site last year failed to reveal the
presence of the etchings. The reason lies in the
expectations of the researchers. They had been looking for
the usual type of cave drawing or painting, which shows
up best under direct light. Consequently, th6y used
powerful torches, shining them straight onto the rock face.
However, the Church Hole images are nrodifications of the
rock itsell and show up best when seen from a certain
angle in the natural light of early morning. Having been
fortunate to see them at this hour, I can only say that I was
-
deeply - and unexpectedly moved. While most cave aft
often seems to have been created in a shadowy past very
remote from us, these somehow convey the impression
-, that they were made yesterday.
Dr Samson feels that the Iighting factor provides
important information about the likely function of these
works of art. 'l think the artists knew very well that the
etchings would hardly be visible except early in the
morning. We can therefore deduce that the chamber was
used for rituals involving animal worship, and that they
were conducted iust after dawn, as a preliminary to the
day's hunting.'
However, such ideas are controversial in the world of
archaeology and human origins. Dr Olivia Caruthers of the
Reardon Institute remains unconvinced that the function
of the etchings at Church Hole can be determined with
any certainty.'When we know so little about the social life
of early humans, it would be foolish to insist on any rigid
interpretation. We should, in my view, begin by tentatively
assuming that their creators were motivated in part by
aesthetic considerations - while of course being prepared
to modify this verdict at a later date, if and when new
evidence emerges.'
To whichI can only add that I felt deeply privileged to
have been able to view Church Hole. lt is a site of
tremendous importance culturally and is part of the
heritage, not only of this country, but the world as a wlrole.

i-,liii, T€St 1
:l12
I
 13 According to the text, the images in Church Hole cave are
A unique examples of ceiling art.
aft :e exarrllests B particularly beautiful cave paintings.
il**erstanding gf C superior in quality to other cave art in Britain.
t*e,views and D aesthetically excePtional.
es@Eessed.

& text quicklY '14 What is the cultural significance of these images?
girera! idea nf:\qhat. it A They indicate that people from central Europe had settled in Britain.
flen t $jerry rif-.there. B They prove that ancient Britons hunted over large areas.
or B&rases.you don't
C They reveal the existence of a single ice-age culture in Europe.
D They suggest that people in Europe were more sophisticated than Britons'
fallow the:order
Fead each q{-restion
sl+:a.earetulJy and
15 According to the text,
or S:el<ey.words. A the discovery of the images should not have been made public.
,us B the images in the cave are vulnerable to damage
ed
llrc te]ri:foi the answer
qleetiar*- rone.
C many people visited the cave within hours of its discovery
of. the
:e. Ei trex?.rgs$.th€ same D the measures taken to protect the images have proved ineffective.
he dn*:t,€Xirect tha! it will
un ir the ascrdsof the text. 16 Why were the images not discovered during the initial survey?
en qarestion:may a6k
A They were not viewed from the right angle.
as ir:teliiorn qr,gp.inisn of B People were not expecting to find any images.
Ift Y*l:mayneed to C Arlificial light was used to explore the cave.
iry
B:e.text,ab:ewhble to D The torches used were too powerful.
dris q:re-s-tiori, Rot j ust
iln
17 What conclusions does Dr Samson draw from the lighting factor?
t3: i;l.apli+n.aan only'
A Rituals are in animal worship.
es "6'mmon
se
if allthe iflforrnetion B The artists never intended to make the images visible.

he
:.* it is aecurate, Look at C The images were intended to be visible at a certain time of day'
a.e.:*e:irnases in D lce-age hunters worshipped animals in the cave.
he '*nigue exarnples of
a5 ,tejd,says.,they ere
i=re'in cav.e art'- is 18 According to Dr Caruthers,
e!,
he
carr:e?: Loirk'at: +ption B: A we cannot make inferences from cave ar1.
-ng+s,in,fhurch Hole B the images in Church Hole do not serve any parlicular function.
leautiful'?.And.are
7
C experts know nothing about life 13,000 years ago.
of D the function of such images is open to question.
t5: llo.ok'at- optfon A.
he
&es.the.writer say.,about
)n of,ths images being 19 It seems that the writer
itr ?:look:at option B, tf A can now envisage the life of ice-age hunters more vividly.
ife ' ing:is jvrrlnerable to B was profoundly impressed by the images in the cave.
*&at mlght happen to C has now realised the true significance of cave ar1.
lid
Erf ogtion erThetext says
*y p$e,probably knew D thinks the images should receive more publicity.
!y te discovery within hours
}d ffi a3 eNpedition:+eturning',
sai*e.as.84!4ng many
9,,l, text: Be eareful: the meaning in
visited, the' cave withi n
the text is not necessarihr the
Lfirtnt opti.on D.,H6ve the
same as that in the answer
de**itely- beerr dama ged?
to ftrayttte.damage hAVe
options. llere, option D says the
hunters 'worshipped animals in'
CIf @: before,of Efter the
the eave', butthe text.$ays the
te !6er+taken?
.cave v1r'as used for'rituals
le" 13:.S+rnetirnes yeu will involving animal wsrshipi whieh
Lo-m,theoplions in the is not the same thjng.

fl,qE Test 1 )b PAPER 1 Reading >& Pfrt't s .,I

I
 You are going to read a newspaper article containing reviews of performances' For
@&ffitrffi# ,.htrfl{,]flffi
: ..,.:,..r:. ,, :' :,':: - r' '
'l ,'
I . . questions 20-34, choose from the reviews (A-D).
".
PAtr#ffi,,S:, {.}ffi #S st#I,$t}
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet'
e}r-\pH${ 4 ulqter:trus
p6F6ffi ffi :,$6n*#$q,trrff ,

ln which review are the following stated?

Performers worked seasonally at one time. 20 ...............

The venue did not allow for a performance of a particular art form. 21 .. . ...........

The performance reminded the writer of an unusual

performance he had once enjoYed. 22...............

The performers were free to devise their own programme' 23 ...............

The performers had been recommended to the writer' 24 ...............

The behaviour of the performers was contrary

to the writer's expectations. 25 ...............

The performance challenged the conventions of an art form' 26 .:.............

Performances of this sort used to be very popular. 27 ...............

The performance prompted someone to reconsider

a prejudice about an aft form. 28 .._............

The performance had unexpectedly sophisticated requirements' 29 ...............

An element of the performance was distressingly realistic. 30 ...............

One of the artists performed despite a handicap. 31 ...............

The performance comprised a number of extracts from

various works. 32 ...............

The performers derived pleasure from audience participation' 33 ...............

One participant revealed an unexpected talent. 34 ...............

;itf reiiiart;f,arir+?.Ttfi.s.

f;&E Test 1 >F PAPER 1 Reading >h Pmrttr

lto
I
I
For . r ^-..'.7-
.:,.,r,t .'l f l I ^, -
-\-,Jil!!t.=r,.i,
rJr!J
"J3, l,r rVJ
nr.r/ --'u
<$* Fe[ix Masterson decided to engage artists to put on performances
v in his own home for his famity's private enjoyment. Here is his report.
A 0pera Recitat
For the first of our 'home performances' we decided
on opera, a form of art that especially moves me. The
other art form that I adore - ballet - could hardly be
performed in the confined space of a normal house, no
matter how much ingenuity was employed! My wife
and I were particularly looking forward to the
performance by Footstool Opera, a touring company
that specialises in mounting productions in confined
spaces, often coming up with a programme to order as
suits the occasion. When I was planning the event, I
imagined the opera company would bring with them a
high-quality sound system of some sort to provide
musical accompaniment, but the manager informed
me that all they required was'a piano in good working
order'. I hastily arranged for our ancient upright to be
tuned, and to my relief, pianist Antonia Holmes
pronounced it entirely satisfactory when she tested
the instrument before the performance. We had made
it clear that no particular requirements would be
imposed upon the performers. so they gave us a
medley of familiar pieces from popular operas, and
my daughter - who had previously been of the view
that opera was unspeakably idiotic - was entranced. If
I were to be brutally honest, I would have to say that
the performers, apart from one tenor, were not in the
top class. But I don't imagine many people would
notice this, and it certainly didn't detract from our
en joyment of the evening.
B Puppet Show
Having grown up with that curiously British
phenomenon of puppet theatre, the Punch and Judy
show, I was determined to find one of the traditional
practitioners of the art and secure his services. Alas,
times have changed. There was once a time when no
seaside resort in the country was complete without a
Punch and Judy show on the pier, but today puppet
theatre of this sort can hardly compete with video
games at holiday resorts. Besides, who can afford to
l-
I
work only during the summer months'J Consequently,
there are, according to the theatrical agencies I
contacted, none of the old-fashioned puppeteers left.
However, I did manage to find a puppet theatre
company called Little Man Theatre that inclucled
traditional Punch and Judy shows in its repertoire, so I
went ahead and booked them. They arrived with a
surprising number of boxes and cases. Naively, I had
expected a miniature theatre to require a minimal
amount of equipment. In this case, the size of the
venue did indeed present a problem, though the nature
of the difficulty was the reverse of what I had feared.
We actually had some trouble making out the words of
the crocodile character, largely - I suspect - because
William Daniels, one of the two puppeteers, was
suffering from a terrible cold, complete with high fever
and a voice virtually reduced to a croak. Like a true
pro, though, he struggled through the performance
bravely. And once the first act was under way, I began
to appreciate why so many props were needed. This
wasn't Punch and Judy as I remembered it but a
twenty-first century version of the story, requiring a
staggering number of scene changes. A breathtaking
performance, and though I felt sad at the demise of the
old-time favourites, our children enjoyed it immensely.
C Jazz Concert
I had initially set myself the task of finding performers
of whom I knew absolutely nothing, simply by sitting
down with the Yellow Pages, when a colleague of my
wife's started raving about a particular jazz ensemble.
It seemed churlish to do otherwise than engage them
and The Hot Jazz Quintet turned out to be a group of
highly professional musicians who appeared to make a
point of being scrupulously polite and tidy. It was as
though the stereotype image of the egocentric
musician were being overturned in front of my very
eyes: a surprising experience for anyone old enough to
have seen The Who smash their instruments live
onstage several clecades ago.
Testl) PAPERl Reading) 151
l
I
r
Despite being in such close proximity to the
musicians, it had not occurred to me that we would be
required to adopt a more active role until the
.saxophone player handed my son a set of bongo
drums and invited him to join in. Ar luck would have
it, Mike is a percussionist with his sehool orchestra.
and he was able to acqrrit himself creditatrly, to the
delight of the professionals performing for us. Not
being a connoisseur of this type of rntsic myself, I had
fiankly not been prepared to enjoy this evening as
much as the other members of my family. This
perhaps makes it more of a trihute to the Quintet that
i forrrra myself getting quite carried' away by the
intricate rhythms and spectacular: solos, i
D,trlurder Mystery Theatre
We invited Murder Incorporated, a theatre company
that specialises in murder mysteries, to perform Deaflt
Calls for u$, and to those of you who have n{t beeil
initiated in the wortings'of 'murder mystery theatre',
q word of explanation is needed. This is no ordinary
production. In fact; one could claim that it doesn't
ieally come under the category of theatre at all, and it
flAE Test 1 >F PAPER 1 Reacling >& pfirt4
is not normally presented on a stage, either. Thebasic
idea is that amurder is 'committed' just out of sight of
the audience. After the 'body'i.s found, the task of the
audience is to work out who the murderer is by
A few moments after the actors had arrived, when we
were still under the impression that preparations were
being made for the performance, a piercing scream
caused us all to rush out into the hall. Thete we
stumbled - literatly - over a body oozing fake blood
that was so convincing it almost caused my wile to
faint. Yes, it had started. As we followed the actors
around the house for scenes in various locations, we
tried to work out who the murderer could be. It was a.
fascinating experience, and I have,to report that my
wife proved to be a brillianl sleuth, solving the
mystery.in record time. DeathCallswas a masterpiece
of condensed theatre that had me londly recalling a
production of 2007, ASpaceOdyssey at the Fdinburgh
Fringe Festival, which featured a cast of two, an
audience of two and an old car as fhe venue. Highly
recolrmended.
j
 You must answer this question. Write your answer in 180-220 words in an T
appropriate style. :

titi,i
1 The NorlhgateTown Planning Department has announced that it intends to build
r l;li r houses on a piece of open land called Northgate Common.
"i,

You have been asked by the local residents'committee to write an article for the
local newspaper in response to the announcement, explaining why you are
opposed to the plan. Read the announcement below, on which you have made
I
notes, and write the arlicle.

NoRTHGATE COMMON
Consultation? Alter eslsulIa[ion with local residents, the Northgate Town Not unusad'
When?
Planning Department hereby announces that planning permission - ..-- - parkLand for
has been granted lor a housing project on the area ,ri q1urfiJrnd spor+s, children
plaging, waLks, atc
Onlg 3 rv,onths known as Northgate Common. Work is scheduled to begin in
/---.'--.=--:5u
awag, shouLd have Septemher oI this year.
baen toLd aarliar! r_*"--,"-_--< --*.
-/ 12 semi-detached private residences wiil cover 627o of the common,
Cheap housing.'
for locaL and the remaining 38% will be developed into private gardens for
n?i\
peopla? the use of the residents.

-".--; Whg not

pubLic
qardans?
Now write your article,

ffisuumfrfiryt *fip*
) When you write an article, think carefully about the appropriate register and tone
for the question you are answering. What publication is the arlicle for? Who is going
to read your article?
) ln your article, you must describe 'the situation'. What information should you give?
ls ii necessary io mention who 'you' are in this arlicle?

) Think carefully about why you are writing the article. What effect do you want it to
have on readers?What do you hope to achieve by writing it? Do you want to
convince readers about anything?Think about the language you will need to achieve
this goal.

) The handwritten comments next to the announcement provide you with

information, but you need to expand them into sentences. For example, the first
comment is'Consultation? When?' How could you express the idea conveyed by
these words in a full sentence?

18 TeSt 1 >i PAPER 2 Writing ;', |t;144 "i

 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in
220-260 words in an appropriate style.

r ild 2 You see the following announcement in a trave! magazine and decide to enter the
competition:

the
Ersentiol fips FREE TRAVEL IN EUROPE!
" r :-=-: ,'ou must choose one
::, -: .',3ver, you should be Are you under the age of 25?
-: - :- ,r-ith all the possible Are you interested in travelling around Europe?
- :=-. :' :ext you might need to
Write to us explaining why travelling is good for young
. :;.: =,:1 question carefully. people, and indicate how you yourself would expect to
==- -'= ,3\.t cnoose a question, benefit from a trip around EuroPe.
... , - - -self if you know
i --;-,ocabularyonthe
l -: can employ it in the The writer of the best entry will win a free EuropeRail
':: =:: =nd - '=r register and text type. rnonthlY travel Pass.

' - --='12 questions you have

Send your entry to:
- - -= 'raedom to use your
en .aiion and come up with
-.: --ation EuropeRail, P.O. Box 242, London
--- that is not in the
s, atc. - : -: ^raterial.
Write your competition entrY.
-' :-:ion 2

'- -:,;gh the word is not

- =-: cned in the question, you 3 You have seen the following announcement in an international magazine:
:-: ::.ng asked to write an
n- : : expressrng your oprnlons.
.

D -- -. about the style that

.r:- d be appropriate: formal, Modern technology:
. =- r-formal or informal? saving our time or wasting our money?
, -- = ruestion makes it clear
-:: vou should concentrate on Does modern technologv tealll- malie our lives
,', : aspects of travel: (a) why it
easiet, or are the machines and devices u'e buY a
: =portant and
(b) how you
,,,,rld benefit. This suggests rvaste of money? V/e u,ant to knou'u,'hat vou thinh.
-- the two main sections of
=:
,::r afticle should be about \{'rite an article, giving at least nvo examples of
.-:se aspects. r-rseful machines ot devices and trvo examples of
r : :r carefully what to say in machines ot der.ices that s..e could easilr, do
=ach pad of your answer to rvithout.
=. oid repeating yourself, and
:: ensure you include as many
-:ievant points as possible.

) 'lJ also need an introduction

a conclusion. What could Write your article.
'rd
. cu say here?

I iemember that you should use

. our imagination - when you
:xplain what you would like to
ro on a journey, for instance.
r Make sure you have enough
::me to check your answer.

TeStl > PAPER2 writing ) ' ir:rir'i il 19

L !

ffiffiffiffitrn#f,ffitr Mffi
Ouestion 4
I ln oider to arlswer this
question, you must be familiar
with the format of a repon.you
need to write clear paragraphs
and use headings.You may ,
also want to use other features
such as bullet points or
numbered lists,
) Bemember that a,repon must
have a clear,introduction and
eonclusion as well. In your
introduction, state what the
repart is about and who it is
for. ln your conclusion,
Summarise the inforrnation
contained in Vour'report. See
th.e Writing bank on pdge 216.
I You need to include information
about the culture and history of
your region, At the ssme time,
your. task isto produce a good
piece of writing. *o as long as
the points you make sound
reasonable. they dornot all have
to be faetually corect. For
, instance, if you want to say that
young people in your region are
, interested.in the history oJtiris
paft of the country, you could
invent a surv€y that shows 6E%
of young people saythey are
'very interested' in histo& It
doesn't matter il this survey
was never actually canied out.
I The question asks you to.give
. your opinion ahout howthe
situation may change in the
future.Therefore, you can use
the first person to say vYhat
you think {e.9. 'l think,, tl
believe'), bUt,keep the format
style rthat is appropriate for a
report.
Ouestion 5
|,tn this question, you rnay be
€$ked to writ€ an essay, a
review; an artiele or a feporl lt
is therefore important to
practise writirig these text
types in relation to your chosen
set book
20 r.ll&fri Test 1 > il, pApER
#
Read the following extract from a letter that you received from an
international
youth organisation:
\We are conducting
a sLlryey ori the impotance of
regional culture to young people around the world.
Please wrire us a reporr for rhis survey, describing
how young people in l our region Feei abour rhe
history and culture of that region, and how you think
this may change in the future ii
.t
il,
.::l$Fli{ll+rqrys, .,sqgT.,E--?- l#qe.riElfintlE-El f,B.:tl+r$4F;tt-fi+ar+tff-Efrit{e*r,3rE.;+s{?:.:ii*-i+r{.::
Write your r'eport.
Answer one of the following two questions based on your reading of one
of
the set books.
Either
5(a) A well-known literary magazine has invited readers to send in reviews of
a book they have read recently.you have decided to write a review of the
set book, outlining the plot and saying whether or not you would
recommend the book to other readers and w.hy.
Write your review.
Or
5(b) Your teacher has asked you to write an essay on the main characters in
your set book, examining their personality and saying whether
or not
their actions are justified in the story.
Write your essay.-
) The tasks will focus on ) For question 5(a), your re.view
character study, the should outline the plot.Think
development of the plot and carefully about what you, fike
the main themes within the and dislike about the.book.
story. As you read the set Even if you like it ver.y muc,h, it
book, make notes 0n. might be useful to mention
charecters' perso nalities. cne weak point; this will make
Practise making comparisons your review sound more
between, different cha raeters convincing and realistic. lf you
and also think about why you recornmend it to other
Iike or dislike them.You must readers. you might like to
be able to outline the plot and mention what.kind of reader
talk about theroes such as yoil think would enjoy it. e.gr a
greed, arnbition, lovq, hate, particular age group, lovers of
ete. thrilters, romantic novels, etc.
) You may be asked to compare ) For guestion 5{b}, you need to
'the set boqk with a film that is have a good understanding of
based on it, especially if the . the mein char:acters,Think
Iatter is well known, so check about the deeisioas they make
whether or not there is a film in the.slory and whether they
based on the bookyou are 'are the right ones. in your
reading, and try to ensure that
:
opinion. Remamber to support
you see it before the exam. what you 6ay with exarnples
from the book.
2 Writing > h pffi$t t
attona For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best
fits each gap.There is an example at the beginning (0).

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

i
Example:
I
I
i
0 Aevent Baspect Cfield D division
I

ABCD
I
_l
0

hffitid iips
,1hole text to
cf what it is
Nature's Glocks
thlllite xr=- -:: :: must have Our biological clocks govern almost every (0) ...... of our lives. Our sensitivity to
illllllflffi mr--=:x -:.^ .S. lt can also stimuli (1) ...... overthe course of the day, and our abilityto perform certain functions
mr nE- :- : :--:sa. collocation, is subject to fluctuations. Consequently, there is a(n) (2) ...... time for tasks such as
'E!!.0- :--::: .:'O Or making decisions: around the middle of the day. Anything that (3) .....' physical
d$iiffimr€ : -
co-ordination, on the other hand, is best attempted in the early evening. What is
/s of (4) ...... , there is a dramatic drop in performance if these activities are (5) .'.... out at
f the other times.The risk of accident in a factory, for example,is20% higher during the
nisht (6) .......

Primitive humans lived their lives in tune with the daily cycle of light and dark.Today
we are (7) ...... convinced that we can impose schedules on our lives at will . Sooner
or later, however, we pay a (8) ...... for ignoring our natural rhythms. A good example
is jet lag, caused when we confuse our body's biological clocks by (9) '..... several
time zones. People suffering from jet lag can take several days to adjust to new time
zones, and have a reduced ability to make decisions, which is a worrying thought, as
serious (10) of judgement can be made. And this may be just the
(11) ...... of the iceberg. An increasinS fl2\ ...... of people suffer from seasonal
llllrmr*q66 2: One of the options affective disorder (SAD), a form of depression that can be triggered by living in
imi?* -: - :: Ccate with 'time'. Of artificial conditions. SAD can be serious, and sufferers may even need to take
*,* :--=-:--=e options, only one
-= .-: -'::r meaning of 'best'.
.-
antidepressant drugs.
1*sa,rr1 4 Oniv one of the
:"-:-.':-:s a fixed exoression
wr ri- -:: s' which has the
1,.
1 Amodifies Branges Cvaries Dwavers
Rx- -=: -aaning here: 'in
e(: -- -- a,'*OriOuer'. 2 A, peak B summit C maximum D oPtimum

:tuFsa€n 7: Only one option 3 Arequests Bdemands Cdictates Dstipulates

-: :::::s ,,vith 'convinced'. 4 Amore Belse Cdifferent DUP
lu.r==on 12: ls 'people' 5 Amade Bdone Ccarried DPerformed
.-. --'.==: oT uncountable?Think 6 Alabour Bwork Cduty Dshift
- - --.- :, -31 yOU WOUId USe eaCh
7 Apowerfully Bfirmly Csteadily Dhighly
: :-. : :: describe.
8 Aprice Bfine Cfee Dcost
9 Alanding Bpenetrating Ccrossing Dtravelling
10 Aerrors Bmistakes Cinaccuracies Dfallacies
11 Apeak Bpinnacle Ctop DtiP
12 Aamount Bquantity Cnumber Dpropotlion

Test 1 > PAPER 3 Use of English > 218

I
 For questions 13-27, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each I

gap. Use only one word in each gap.There is an example at the beginninS (O).

Write your answers lN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. I

Example:

0l THERE ] _0...

ffimssnilfrfiryfi ffipu D"rg"r Facj4Lg Antarctica I

) Read through the whole text to
get a general idea of what it is
about. Antarctica is becoming a popular tourist destination ancl in the last decacle
) Decide what word or words in (0) has been a dramatic increase in visitors to the area.
the sentence are grammatically
related to the gapped word; (13) . ... tourists simply want to see the last unspoilecl continent,
this will help you decide what
part of speech is needed (14) . '. others have more active pursuits such as adventurc sports in mind.
(auxiliary verb, pronoun, And of course, there are also those adventurous souls who want to tbllow
article, preposition etc.).
(15) .. the footsteps of the grear polar erplorers. (16)
) Read the whole sentence to see
if the word you need is part of environmentalists are concerned that the booming tourist industry may
a longer or parallel structure
such as 'not only ... but also ...'.
(17) endangering the Antarctic environment and sowing
> lt may be that two or even
(18) ... seeds of its own destruction.
three words could fit in the
gap, so do not assume the
word you are thinking of is One of the probiems facing the area is pollution resulting from tourism. Careless
wrong if you can also think of visitors throw rubbish into the sea. not realising (19)
one or two alternatives. .,....... harmful this
can be to wildlife. (20) . ...:..... ... danger is oil spills. In the fleezing waters, oil
... ... ...
ouestion 13: Read the whole does (21) disperse effectively. consequently, oil from even a small
sentence carefully. You will
notice that each half talks about splll(22) remain ahazard to wildlife for
man1, years. And this is a
a certain type of tourist.The
second group is referred to as vety real danger: some of the cruise ships visiting Antarctica have not been reinforced
'others', so what word could be to ('23) ......... into account the clangers. A collision (%) .....
used together with 'tourists' to
refer to the first group? an iceberg could cause a disaster of major proportions. This is (25) ...
Ouestion 15:The gapped word is no means a far-fetched notion. From (26) to time icebergs clo
part of a phrase: 'ioito* ...
somebody's footsteps'. lf you appear in these waters, and global warming means that massive chunks of ice are
can't immediately think of the
gapped word, try to find a word i
breaking (27) .......,. the continental ice sheet more and more frequently.
that sounds right: you may well If a ship collided with one of these. it could spell disaster for tourism.
have heard the phrase before.
,

Ouestion 21: Think of the

meaning of the sentence and the an iceberg is raised. Which
text as a whole. lf oil dispersed preposition is used with
effectively, would there be a
problem?
Ouestion 24: lt should be clear may be part of a simple
that you need a preposition here. expression.You may be able to J
The previous sentence mentions
find the correct word by reading l

cruise ships, and now the the sentence aloud.

possibility of a collision involving

22 Test 1 ) i PAPER 3 Use of English ; ,' iri,|ir lt

E
 l,ilf i{iii'ttti

each !Ii,/i i i":rt't{,i

For questions2S-37, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end
of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.There is an
example at the beginning (0).
Write your answers lN CAPITAL LEfiERS on the separate answer sheet.
Example:

O,l PARTTCTPATE l;0:

E=senfrf;*uil tf, r
Grestion 28: Think carefully
:fout the part of speech you
Elephant Trainin$
lecade --d here.You may need both a
i; lf you are travelling inThailand and have a taste for adventure,
:-:fix and a suffix.
area. you can now (0) ...... in an unusual kind of activity. PART.
G.restion 30:The gapped word
tinent, part of an expression: 'in .., For an (28) ... ... modest sum, you can spend a few CRroleLr
=rns
mind.
r, :tr', which means'matching days at an elephant conservation centre training to be a mahout
s: rreth ing'.
or elephant driver. Be prepared to get wet, however, because
follow Ouestion 31:The gapped word is you spend most of the day atop an elephant, during which time
: =ompound adjective which
-eans llasting for the whole of this (29) ,..... beast can take up to three baths! MAJESTY
may : - e's life'.

owing Ogestion 32:The gapped word Primarily set up in an endeavour to preserve theThai elephant,
-rst be a noun. Do you need the the centre offers such activities to tourists as a means of funding
: rgular or plural form?
rlgiBqlifaltl trrr{iPv4 lile} !!qr:tltrirrsr: itself. Neverlheless, its training programme remains strictly in
(30) ...... with the traditions of Kachasarl, the ancient KEEP
reless -'-:=!14

method of studying elephants, and the mahouts that work with

rl this
the elephants build up a close, (31) ... relationship LIFE
rs, oil
with them, founded on mutual respect and love.
small
isisa The type of training depends on the (SZ) .................. that ABLE
orced different animals display, and care is taken not to overtire them.
Training is believed to be (33) ....,. to the elephants, BENEFIT
providing them with physical and mental (S+1 ... STIMULATE
Their well-being is of utmost importance, and the success of the
,, o" centre's breeding programme bears witness to this.
e ale
:ntly. While it may not be ideal to keep such magnificent beasts in
(35) ... - and the centre has come in for plenty of CAPTURE

ra... i criticism - (36) ... ... deforestation has left wild EXTEND
-r'} elephants struggling to survive in habitats that are shrinking
almost on a (37) ...... basis.The centre offers them DAY

a sanctuary - for the time being at least.

-i:r{: Test 1 > i PAPER 3 Use of English ) | ir!ilffi s 23l

I
Fry;Lpffm { ffiffi#{*fffiff

P".4pffitr ff Xl\faittro#
For questions 3842, think of one word only which can be used appropriately in all
three sentehces. Here is an example (0).

Example:
P,qtrffiffl 4 t-i{it#rulft#
0 o Wewill doall thework,buttheywill ...all thecredit,asusuall
#"',$,F)ffiit S Sffi#fiMIffi#
e She will ............... offence if you tell herthat hairstyle doesn't suit her.
* Theythreatened to............... David to court unless he stopped playing his
drums at night.

ffiffiwtrMtM TAKE
I Make.'sur.e you {6ad:a[l'three :,
, senten;e66:,in a'sdt bef*re, r. ,
Write only the missing word lN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.
r deeiding.qn,a word.The cerrect
word must fit --all three
i'
::$efitehcegj: ': ,

}, Deeidd whatkind of word.Y.eu '

38 a When Frank was enteftaining the children, I saw a of him I hadn't
are looking for.The missing seen before.
word will have the same form
in all three sentences. a Ken works as a teacher, but he also sells insurance on the

l,,,be
The.missinc wos4 v4ill ,uquafly,,
a:,eq.m6ijn:,:rliord,, althoug*1
rnarr be'used,as'part o.f ,a:
ph rasai veib;, Eolldoatio n,:
expiessi'o,n::9r:'idjam Jn.rat,least
one ofthegentenc€s. '
Ouestlon'*8:The third, sentenee'
*houH h-eipygu findlhe'word ;.'
thatfit$,aflrthres $entenaes; .,. i,,
{D Ellen fell off her bike and got scratches all down her left
it
39$ That kind of music leaves me l'm afraid.
l
c Jenny has been so towards me lately that I think I may have
done something to upset her.
, Tom and Bianca were supposed to get married last month, but she got
feet and now the wedding's off !

Question 39: ln the third

senlenae,,the.miss.ing,vrEq;6 1s r, .
part Of ;n{ii:id ioiiiA,le, ph r.?te.Th e', 40G It is only possible to dive safely from the ............... end of the pool.
f i [cttan{ seco,nd'sel.itences'
rontain eti.rea'ta.li$lp. \r-ou,find the & Sally was nervous as she walked onto the stage, but she took a ...............
breath and began to sing.
OueEtion',:42l,Read:the: secernd",',
senlenea,ffial.g4 llouloorat to e You'll get into trouble if you get caught.
find the answers to an exercise in

41 s The house ............... south, with a beautiful view of the sea.

I Sanchez Martinez in the final of the tournament, and won.
e Wendy finally up to the fact that Fred wouldn't be coming back.

42 * Our football coach always said that teamwork was the to success
in life.
c If you aren't sure of the answer to a question, there's a ............... on
page 274.

o I pressed the wrong and I deleted the file from the computer!

24 fl&H Test 1 > F PAPER 5 Use of English > h Pffie"f ,{

all For questions 43-50, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning
to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given.You must
use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0).

Example:
0 Jane regretted speaking so rudely to the old lady.
MORE
Jane ... PolitelY to the old ladY.

Essenli*fl #fipu 0 | wtsHED sHE HAD SPOKEN TAORE

l_0.-
* :--
==:it question, read both write the missing words lN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.
ii -::^ :es carefully. The second
must convey the
=-::-:e
:;: -: rformation as the first
>;-::-::. out in different 43 'Honestly, I didn't cheat in the test!' said John.
t --: .=','word must be used DENIED
r --: -i changing its form in John ........... ......... in the test'
:-, .',i!.
' : - -:\' need to change the 44 Pop in for a chat whenever you are in town.
---.' ^ which you give the
--:'-:r on. and the form of HAPPEN
:- -- ',',,ords from the first lf ......... ....'. in town, pop in for a chat'
-
:+ -: -:3.
" l--= questions may require
: - ::
cnange from a negative 45 Paula had just reached the gate when it began to rain.
--::1Ce tO a postttve one, or THAN
:- cassive structure to an
=: ,:' one. Be prepared for No sooner it began to rain'

| ':- -ust use between three 46 'Mark wrote that poem, not lani said Helen.
:-: i \ words in your answer.
- , : - ,r'rite too few words or IT
: - --3^y, you will lose marks. According to Helen, ... that poem, not lan.

-rrsd6l 43:The key word is a

.;: : -: - j verb. There is more than 47 Even if it is expenslve, they want to go on the London Eye,
: -: : :;s ole structure which MAY
: :.'.: :. lt does not matter
$- :i :.le you use rn your Expensive they want to go on the London Eye'

-ilsEisn 45:YOu need an 48 Unless you tell the truth, the school trip will be cancelled'
: : - llule.
MEAN
-r p<ds6 46: You need an
:- r - i. : structure here. Your failure ...... the cancellation of the school trip.

luscion 49: How can you

E',x:"::: :he idea of possibility? 49 Jill has never been here before, so it is possible that she has got lost.
: . -::a a structure with a HAVE
-::= .:'b,You will also need a
;- -i: : tnktng word. Jill ...... it is the first time she has ever been here.

50 lnstead of spending money on clothes, I prefer to spend it on books.

SPEND

lwould ...... on books than on clothes.

25
F*.==- :
=*=,=:i:*
=+==-
i 13:':iE:::* You will hearthree different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or
c) which fits best according to what you hear.There are two questions for each
extract.

p,f-i i.]#iq !i. 5 fi ,i,t i"r[tn r\,ffi Extract One

You hear two friends talking about an experience one of them had as a volunteer.

1 Nigel joined the Blue Ventures project because

W - fr$roffitfimt A a friend of his encouraged him to do volunteer work.

B he had always dreamed of going to Madagascar.
I Before.yqu listen to each
will'be given time
,e41ract,,you'
{fifteen seconds} to read the
:,
C he thought the experience would be useful to him. [-rl
quegtions..rMake, good'use of ' 2 Which word best describes Jenny's reaction to Nigel,s account?
thls time., arid,try to pre(ict
what you €retgoing to hear,
,
A enthusiasm
) Listei cAref,ullV before
B disinterest
.
cJrooqingr the :answei Ihe
options rnay contain:wor.ds lrou
C envy [--rffi=
hear on,the reeording; but'the:
. rneaning of th,esentence ma.y . ExtractTwo
be differentl
) Some questions ask you about You hear two people talking on a radio programme about how to deal with
the speaker! feelings or
a compulsive disorder.
: attitude to somethingi Listen to
, thergpeake.r's tone of voice and
thq,way'he/shq qpeaks. lt malr When did Alice realise she had a problem?
: :bq necessarytg listen:lo the
. whole,extract before making ,
A when she had a strong urge to go shopping all the time
your choice, B after she had got into serious financial difficulty
C once she had talked to a professional about how she felt [--F,.iffi.E
Oue$tion 1.1 More than one:
option rnay seeirl possible here. Alice now goes to a gym in order to
Whlr d id::lrtige1. j gin. the.projecr?
A stop herself spending money.
Ouestion 2l tistea eaiefully to: ,

Jennyt tone of voiee,

B get fit and lose a bit of weight.
Ouestigrl 4l Alice,spend$,time.at.
the gym that she would
,,;
C get to know new people. [--ffi
otherwise,spgndsqmewhere'
else.:Where7.: . :, ,flr Extract Three
's;
f,
qBa4lgryltr
You hear two friends talking about a football match they have just watched.

5 The woman thinks that England

A deserved to lose.
B were not confident enough.
C were unfoftunate.

6 According to the man,

A Gerrard was unfairly treated.
B England played badly.
C Russia didn't play well.

fr/r# Test 1 >h pApER 4 Listening >h pfll"f {

 You will hear a writer talking about a book she has written on the subject of aspirin
For question s 7-14, complete the sentences.

The storyl of aspirin

Doctors in ffi treated their patients
E*se***mfl flfipw with a medicine derived from the bark of the willow.

:-
=: :ne instructions and find
- - :^e subject of the
.- - -:;ng. Edward Stone believed that 8
:. -- :ie questions carefully was similar to quinine
=
.-: :-:nk about the sort of
-'- --ation you might need to
l-l .- -: ete the gaps.
:--.1
:=:- ;ap is completed by one. The active ingredient of aspirin was isolated in I
- - :'three words, or a

--- :: what grammatical form

' . :;cped word or words Unfortunately, salicylic acid can affect the 10
.--- a have. quite badly.
: - ,', ill hear the words you
-:::.n the recording, but not
- :-: same sentences as the

l
: -=.: ons.You need to listen
-' .-: ideas expressed
::--l
- -
1!.
on the

,', ill hear the recording

':
,ru
The first commercially available aspirins were made by Bayer,

so you will have a

-- .- 13 to fill in any gaps you
- !: :te first time. However, there was little 12
into the way aspirin works for nearly seventy years.

l -
:
€stion 7:
- r :ome after'in': a time, a
. .-= )r an expression with the
What sorl of word

: .: : s:tion 'in'? Listen for any o{ Some scientists think that people over 13
should take aspirin to prevent certain diseases,
l-;si,on 10:The recording is
,, : medicine, and this
: - -.
T- :-:e mentions an acid that
. - .-ect something or
It appears that 14 grown without aftificial
- - =::dy quite badly. Who or
-
=- ::r.d this be? chemicals also contain the active ingredients of aspirin.

Ij -
=stion 12:The sentence is
,- -: something that happened
:
.s:ed for nearly seventy
-:-s so you should listen for
- -- --ation
about this period.
- = - ,:nsider what could fit with
' : : -'3se 'into the way aspirin
:'. j

- :>-tion 14:The gapped word

- -.: Jescribe something like a
: =-: ,,vhich can be grown
--: -t aftificial chemicals, so
, =- 'or a word with this

Test 1 > . PAPER 4 Listening ), l:l|l] rlt 27

 $?Apffitr 't ffi#fi{${ffifi

plhr#ffiitr ;? \strltrilffi You will hear part of an interview with Stan Levin, a dance critic, about a modern
ballet production involving animals. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, B, C
Pd,ffiffiffi S nj{i,ft #f ffifl/#tisfn or D) which fits best according to what you hear.

trmm;tkin# 15 We gather that the ballet being discussed here

A has received general critical acclaim.
B hascaused considerablecontroversy.
C has not been well received on the whole.
D has become popular with animals-lovers.

ffimwry,rytrWtr*ffi 16 It appears that the function of the dogs in the ballet is to

Thi$ pad of the.exan'r is usually q A reflect what happens to the human characters.
rnultiplqchoice.ta$k; but it eould B act as a contrast to the human characters.
al.so: bg ar senlence-eomp.letion
C show how wild animals behave in a civilised society.
lask. lf it is,a,seriteace-completion
lask, loqk.back at the tlps tor Farts D symbolise homeless people.
'l and 2.'lf it is a multip.l*choice'
task reed the.following lips: 17 How does Stan feel about the increasing use of technology in dance?
I,Read the instarrctions'and find A He thinks this trend has gone too far.
' out the subiect of the B He prefers more traditional approaches to dance.
reeording; '' ', C He does not approve of it in principle.
l.Bead'the question$ or question D He believes it is creating a new art form.
stems:'oarefully p nd underline
,,,thQkey.rwofds- '
;
) The.qu€$isns follow the order
18 What aspect of the ballet is of greatest interest to audiences?
oflthe.r€eo,fding; but the final A the way the dogs behave during dance sequences
queetloIt.,rna}1 b9 ab'ouf ,the B the way the dogs perform their tricks
.:recqrdiRg -as q whole: C the sight of the dogs in a pack
D the way the dogs copy the actions of one character
Ouegtjert' 15r Option A sug,gests
most rpeqple,,esp.ecia l ly.the
19 What caused the lapse in mood during the performance Stan saw?
sritiei, liked the.ballqti,optio-n B
ir.nplies sorne':Fgople {iked.it and, A the inability of the dogs to concentrate
:some:didnlt opl_isn C impljds :,' B the audience's unwillingness to accept the dogs
most people didn't like it; and C the behaviour of a member of the audience
opiioniD,i.rt-blies that'people !vh.o
love animals liked the ballet.
D the inability'of dogs and humans to work as a team
Which of these.ideas dsesrthe ',
recording convey? 20 What aspect of the performance made the most powerful impression on Stan?
Question 18:Think about A the implicit potential for violence
diffffen{'way$,to exprgss thatr .' B the aggression shown by the dogs
$orneth'ing.1is.of Ereatsst interest C the bond between the dogs and the tramp
to'€uiiiences', You shou,ld.also be
prepdred for the infornratign to
D the primitive appearance of the dogs
be. given in.a different order. For
example, the speaker may '
deseribe so,methin g that
ha:ppe-ned and then say.
afteiwards that it interested
audienees,,

Oue$Eiqtl 19:,The questfon tells

you thqtr,Slrin -witl talk about
qomethirtg th-at went wrong
when he sawthe ballet. lvhieh
6.ption r b.est descri.bes what
liappened?,:

28 ffidrffi Test 1 > F, pnpER 4 Listening > h FjtrH'f #

 fiffifi#fi1fi1ilrfiffi*$,

'n You will hear five shoft extracts in which people talk about fitness and health.
,B,C While you listen you must complete both tasks.
lr rlr

Task One
For questions2l-25, choose from the list A-H what each speaker says about his or
her reasons for attending a gym regularly.

A The gym has a social function for me.

Esse**#fiwfl *fipw B I want to be fit for a specific event.

h :=:l the instructions and find
C My company pays for me to attend a gym.
-
-.
-
,',
j:
no will be talking and
:hey will be talking about.
Speaker 1
[-l-?I
* - - ..:ave two tasks to think D I must keep fit because of my medical condition Speaker 2
I T7_rl
.-- -: at the same time, each
": :: rg to one type of E Beirlg fit gives me a sense of achievement.
Speaker 3 [-l ?Il
.-=.=Tent made by the
: -= j<-ors. So the first time you
Speaker 4 [IITI
-
==- :ach speaker be prepared
'- - liece of information that
=
F Attending a gym is an absolute necessity for me. Speaker 5 rFEI
-: --:sponds to an option in the G I come here with the members of my cycling club.
' =: ::sk; the_ second time
r.- :or a piece of information
--:: ::)rresponds tO an Option H Istarted exercising regularly after an injury.
- :-= seCOnd taSk.
$ -- :aswer options dO not
: *hat the speakers say;
'-:.= =::xpress the i'deas in
=

TaskTwo
: ---:ri words" Read each
. -- :- :arefully, and be
For questions 26-30, choose from the list A-H what opinion each speaker expresses
:-.-,-=d to hear the about fitness and health generally.
--- --ation expressed in a
::=-:r: form" A My lifestyle is unhealthy in the long run.
' l::- ::sk has-three options
- - -: ^ot need.
B Keeping fit is a habit.

ltu+e:..6ns ft-lg
Stan? Lrymc,r A: 1f something has a
C I find it hard to commit myself to exercising.
r:: .: : =,1ction', what does it
; : -r,* mightyou express
- - :;: :-at learning English
D City life doesn't encourage walking for exercise. Speaker 1
I-I'?E
-i:: : ::-:al function?
Exercise machines are extremely boring.
Speaker 2
rl-?7l
Ls!:c. H: 'ihis option is correct Speaker 3 T--TTBI
r ' : -= t':he speakers, it must
* r+- :-:: :he persOn had 'an
-::
You can't separate health and lifestyle. Speaker 4 [--l.?ql
fl .
words could be used
,',
:-=s: rhat you were injured? G It's easier to get fit if you think of it as
Speaker 5
I--116l
a commitment.
T",,xc,nns26-30
ffiil:,t;;'ways
-:i:
are there H l'm sure your genetic make-up has a lot to do
-- : : :'naf SOmething iS a with fitness.
:- - - -.-::rl if vou commit
':: :o something, what
: . -::
:i: : - :: 3i say to youiself or
: --^. ^;
_:JIJ et
Iumcr il: ;3lv etse could a
:r-: :- :- .: < about 'genetic
-:- :-: -' Can you think o{ any
;., :-=,:: :r:s, perhaps more
--- --: l.es, that convey the
::: --:. SOme characteristics
rr* :=-:: celly controlled?

TEStl ) PAPER4 Listening ) ;' fli,i'r" ,il 29

 lm&flffiXt lx 1t*n#l+,r6 . .

tr!p{1r:fq g }.r, }f rp14 Paft 1 (3 minutes)

P,4pffiffi # {.Jsa{ *f ffiffi l[#tr The examiner will ask you a few questions about yourself and then ask you to talk
to your parlner. For example, the examiner may ask you:
$$&ffffiffi;,4 ';Lis fltr{ltg ':.
. Where do you both live?
o What do you like and dislike about this area?
. lf you moved to another area, where would you Iike to live?

Part 2 (4 minutes)

You will each be asked to talk on your own for a minute without interruption.You
will each be given a set of three photographs in turn to talk about. After your
partner has finished speaking, you will be asked a brief question connected with
your partner's photographs.You will have thirly seconds to answer.
Costurnes, (aoln Fa rE; bontrast and :specu late ),

Turn to pictures 1-3 on page 190. which show people in costumes.

Candidate A. compare and contrast two of these pictures and imagine what could
have prompted these people to dress in this way. How do you think they are
feel i ng ?

Candidate B, which of these costumes would you feel most comfortable in, and
why?

'Wsrking, anvironrnent$'.(eompare, co nlr€strand speeulate) ; .',

:
;,:,' :,

Turn to pictures 1-3 on page 191, which show different working environments.

Candidate B, compare and contrast two of these workplaces, saying what

advantages and disadvantages you could imagine for them.

Candidate A, which of these environments would you prefer to work in, and why?

Part 3 (4 minutes)

Turn to the pictures on page 192, which show aspects of modern life.
Talk to each other about which two of these pictures you would choose to illustrate
that modern life has both advantages and disadvantages.

Paft 4 (4 minutes)

The examiner will encourage you to develop the topic of your discussion in Part 3
by asking questions such as:
o Which aspects of life in thb past, which no longer exist, do you thlnk were
positive? Could they be revived?Why (not)?
. Should developments in technology be restricted in any way?Why (not)?
. What sort of difficulties do young people face today, but that previous generations
did not have to confront, or not to the same extent?
o Why do older people sometimes become nostalgic about the past?

#&ffi Test 1 >F PAPER 5 Spealdng

t"
ffir
F,PART2
Candidate A

MrcmM
These people could be ...
They seem to be ...

I imagine...
I suppose ..,
l'm fairly sure ...

lh say they're probablY ...

Apparently, ...

Judging by the fact that ..,

Similarly,...
I can't tell whoiwhere/what ...

actors
amateu r
annual tradition
bow to the audience
brightly coloured costumes and
masks
clown in a circus
cuftain call
on the stage
professional
put on a performance
revellers
street party
take part in a festival/carnival/
performa nce/play
well-equipped theatre

190 {Ae Tf;st$ Materials for Paper 5

 'ffi1y#
l' . Hr*+ex, 4
oWhat are the advantages and disadvantages of working in these
" PART 2
environments?
Candidate B

L*m,g fu.#aee
The pictu re shows/depicts
They must be ...

It might/could be
He/She seems to
ln contrast to ,..

As in the previous picture,

rl There are a number of advantages/

d disadvantages to working ,..

One advantage/disadva ntage wou ld
be...
it's very satisfying to .,.

agricultural workers
cheap labour
craft
create something with your hands
cut off from contact with the outside
world
:xecutive
exhausti ng
'ield on a hillside
righly paid/badly paid
n doors/outdoors

cb satisfaction
nake objects from clay
ranual labour
nentally/physically exhausti ng
r otter
.cphisticated modern office
:pectacular view of the city
.treSsfu I

.rffer from the heat/stress

,', el l-equipped office

Materials for Paper 5 191

 lffi^
I I --"t# Z
,ART 2
r',t" ao these pictures show?
il""t..t.oaott that modern life has Candida
? PART 3 .which two would you choose 11lllt*t"t"
Candidates A and B ilil';ffi"g"t,ha disadvantases?
Le**g
gwg1*k*Ek 3uess' I i

== The benefits/drawbacks of "' are obvious' I think'

ieiShe
He/She n
a1

Whatabouttheadvantages/disadvantages,inyourviewT He/She lc
the advantages ln your opinion?
Do the disadvantages outweigh
0n the o
lt,seasytoseethebenefitsoflaptopcomputers,don,tyouthink? you say? To judge
keep !n touch' wouldn't
it easler to
Mobile phones certainly make To iudge
l,mnotsurewhetherthereareanyhealthrisksassociatedwithheatingfoodina
,i.ro*ur. oven'What do You think? 3bout to
lt,susuallymoreconvenienttodrivesomewherethantotakepublictransport,butsurely a pprehe
price to pay?
a
,'f,r. o"f caused by cars is too high
irri". cathing
any disadvantages connected with electricity' esl
l'd find it difficult to think of
cu si n

lo ncent
Perhapswehavetodistinguishbetweenelectricityitselfandthemeansofgeneratingit. t,.';l *'.:,;,
1 -.t.;1r::'.!6- - diving L

ls this a nuclear Power station? ....1t;ilil: .I '

nte rvi e'
|,mnotsurewhetherthisphotoismeanttoillustratemodernWesternmedicineingenera| nervous
or oPerations in Particular' 3Ve rco r

spofts couPe nave YC

laptoP comPuter
microwave oven meal mobile Phone ,vait in
power station
operating theatre

192 :.-i..i iillir Materiats for Paper 5