Cognition (2021)

Assignment Publication Of Writing ( How to make an Abstract in article )

Name : Zulfitri
NPM : 207215005
Sem : II-A ( Magister of English Education UMN Al Washliyah )
Lecturer : Prof. Dr. Ahmad laut Hasibuan, M.Pd.

Developing Teaching Materials of Literary Theory Based on

Archipelago Manuscript Avoiding Students from Despicable Deeds

ABSTRACT

The article deals with developing teaching materials of Literary Theory course based on
archipelago manuscript for students of Bahasa Indonesia Study Program-UMN Al
Washliyah. The research aims at developing teaching materials for evoiding the students
from despicable deeds. The research was conducted by using research and development
design. The research started with preliminary studies to know the design of Literary Theory
learning used by the study program. Reseach findings show that teaching materials
developed has been accordanced to the needs of students, elements of language have
fulfilled the element of readability, the purpose of presentation has fulfilled the element of
clarity, and the graph uses the specified font (fone). The results of the trial show that there
are different learning outcomes before and after treatment. Students respond that they are
enthusiastic in following the learning process. Based on the research findings, the
conclusions are drawn (1) the design of developing teaching materials has been fulfilled the
criteria decided and (2) the studens are enthusiastic in following the learning process. Based
on the conclusions, the suggestions are poposed (1) in developing the teaching materials the
lecturers should be involved and (2) other researcher can do the new research to see the
related things.

Keywords: Development, Teaching Materials, Literary Theory, Archipelago Manuscripts,

Despicable

1. Introduction
One of the fundamental studies of Literature is Literary Theory. The Purpose of
Literary theory is to foster proper language and literary attitudes for students as prospective
teachers (UMN Al Washliyah, 2017). Literary Theory deals with the structure of literary
treasures which include poetry, prose, and drama. Literary works can make readers
understand the phenomenon of human existence which is so unique especially in their life.
Understanding human life that unfolds in literary works can be used as a source of learning.
Literary works can be enjoyed because of their various peculiarities. Literary works that are
intangible in the science of literature can lead the devotee to the understanding and
enjoyment of the phenomena in it (https://rinastkip. wordpress.com/2012).
Poetry as a type of literary work is a form of work that is bound by rhyme, rhythm,
or number of lines and marked by solid language. Poetry is a form of literature that is
described in short, dense, and beautiful languages (Kosasih, 2011). Poetry is a form of
literature that uses beautiful words and is rich in meaning (Azkia School, 2018).
Fostering good language and literary attitudes means that this course is expected to
be the potential to equip students to avoid reprehensible actions, such as cheating, saying
rude, and inconsiderate looks. Therefore it is necessary to make an effort to respond to the
intended hope. One way is to develop teaching materials by utilizing archipelago texts.
The archipelago manuscript refers to the old manuscripts of the cultural heritage of
the archipelago which contain a lot of religious, moral, and educational teachings (Hasibuan
and Matondang, 2016). The manuscript of the archipelago which is the source of the
development of Literary Theory teaching materials is the archipelago manuscript in the form
of verse. The verse is a type of old poem consisting of four lines, each line containing a
word consisting of at least nine to twelve syllables. The poetic rule is generally a-a-a-a and
the internal rhyme is rarely found (Teeuw, 1996).
One type of verse is religious verse. The religious verse is the most important poem.
The religious verse is divided into four, namely: (a) Sufi verse, (b) verses about the
teachings of Islam, (c) verses of the story of the prophet, and (d) verse of advice. Each verse
must possess certain messages. We can conclude the message after understanding the
contents of a verse. The results of Braginsky's study (1998) showed that the development of
the verse tradition along with the entry of Islam into the archipelago.
The religious verse was chosen as a source of learning because the verse contains
religious teachings that can be used as a guide for readers to avoid despicable acts. In
addition, the Literary Theory teaching material has not been developed based on the
archipelago manuscript in the form of religious verse. In addition, the archipelago
manuscript is hard to find today.
The results of the preliminary study show that (1) learning literary theory is very
important for students and lecturers, (2) Students and lecturers agreed that special teaching
materials for learning literary theory will be prepared, and (3) students and lecturers expect
theoretical teaching materials of archipelago manuscript-based literature to be developed.
Based on the description above, the teaching materials of Literary Theory need to be
developed based on archipelago texts.

2. Research Method

This research applied research & development design (Sugiyono, 2015) and
(Hasibuan and Matondang, 2017). The steps in this research include:
(1) Conducting transliteration of archipelago texts into Indonesian. Then, interpret the
meaning.
(2) Conduct a scoping study to the research location to obtain preliminary data needed in
the development of teaching materials.
(3) Planning activities related to the development of Literary Theory teaching materials.
(4) Develop archipelago manuscript-based teaching materials.
(5) Conduct feasibility test on the design that is developed.
(6) Conducting limited trials to see the effectiveness of teaching materials.
(7) Revising the teaching materials to get the final one.

3. Findings

3.1. Research Result

3.1.1. Teaching Material Fragment 1

 The results of the development of Literary Theory teaching materials based on the
archipelago manuscript fragment 1, namely religious verse about the pillars of Islam. The
pillars of Islam are also recited, Recite the shahadat, not abysmal (Hasibuan, and
Matondang, 2017). The verse was expressed in the transliteration verse.

Pillars of Islam are also recited

Recite shahadat not half-hearted
Recite the mandatory nature of God repetitively
Night and day do not miss.

The second pillar is given prayers

Do it for you gentlemen and ladies
Before life hasn't flown
Mean it night and day.

The third pillar get along well with fasting

If abandoned it must be sinful
In the hereafter, we are too difficult
In hell, we are tortured.

The fourth pillars are also said

Take out zakat all for us
If there is property of ours
Being obligatory solely.

The fifth pillars are required by Allah

Pilgrimage to the house of God
For everyone promised
Until also by God's will

The verse above is about the Pillars of Islam, namely:

The first is to say two sentences of creed (Syahadat). The creed is the recognition,
justification, and conviction that no one has the right to be worshipped except Almighty
Allah SWT there is no ally for Him. The two sentences of shahadat have meanings
contained in the reading, first is the recognition of tauhid, Islam only believes that there is
no God to worship other than Allah. Secondly, it has the meaning of apostolic recognition if
the Prophet Muhammad was a messenger of Allah SWT and believed that what he taught is
sunnah and the truth of the commands from Allah SWT.
The second is prayer. Prayer is the second pillar that must be fulfilled and the law is
obligatory, meaning that if this type of worship is abandoned then one's Islam needs to be
questioned, and he will also get considerable sins.
The third is fasting. Fasting is to refrain from everything that can cancel fasting from
the dawn of rising to the setting of the sun and to carry out all the conditions and harmonies
that have been determined in carrying it out with the intention solely because of Allah SWT.
The wisdom of fasting itself is as a means of reaching piety, a means of thanking favours,
training yourself from lust or lust, exercising patience, beneficial to health, fostering
compassion, and most importantly as proof of servitude to Allah.
The fourth is zakat. Zakat must be fulfilled by every Muslim if it reaches the
provisions of the Nisab of his property. Zakat has an important goal in religious life, such as
proving self-servitude to Allah SWT. By carrying out His commands, a sign of gratitude for
the blessings of Allah, purifying oneself from sins, eliminating the naughty nature, cleansing
wealth, fostering solidarity and social life.
The fifth is Hajj. The pilgrimage must be carried out for Muslims who have fulfilled
the conditions, namely being capable in terms of the financial. The purpose of being capable
to perform the Hajj means to have the capability to get to the Holy Mosque in the right and
legal way and to perform the Hajj without difficulty. Whoever Allah wants to leave for the
pilgrimage will arrive at the holy land.

Teaching Material Fragment 2

The religious verse is about the twenty mandatory nature of Allah Swt. For all those who
have an eye, twenty natures are real (Sanwani, 1994). The verse is expressed in the phrase
with the wording as follows:

Hi all friends who have eyes

Twenty attributes of God are real
That is the nature of our God
Become mere knowledge.

If you say first you can

The form is dignity
This means that there is the willing of Allah Ta'ala
The sea is not impossible either

It means there is a noble thing

Nothing but Him
Like the rich word of God
That is the proposition that set Him.

Qidam is the second nature of God

The meaning is the existence
No creature is like him
There is no time to obstruct it

The meaning is no beginning

The beginning and end of the Qur'anic proposition
The beginning of the final year was Qidam
From the soul to the body.

After qidam then baqa '

That is the third nature
Its meaning is eternal does not perish
His opponent is dead, that is impossible. for Him

Those are the two meanings too

It means eternal life
Only your God has
The greatness and glory remain eternal, the Almighty, the Great.

Mukhalafatu lil hawaditsi all of them

Like denying all his opponents
After all, may not be allies
The opposite is impossible at the same time

Also know the meaning

Nothing equals the essence
There is no equal to its nature
There is no equal to the af'al

Qiyamah binafsihi the fifth nature

There is no intention of the place
If He will, be the nature
Impossible also to opinion.

Also, know the two meanings

He stands by himself
Its opponent stood up and the others
It was also impossible for Him.

Sixth God Almighty

Wakhdaniyah means one
If two Gods must perish
That is also impossible to check.

The meaning is for the essence

There is no ambiguity in its nature
There is no ambiguity in the affinity
Qul Huwallahu Ahad is his sentence

These are the six absolute traits

The first characteristic of nafsiyah is this
The nature of salbiyah five is here
Then the seventh nature ma'ani.

The verses above contain twenty mandatory natures of Allah SWT which must be
known by Muslims. These twenty obligatory qualities of Allah are divided into the nature of
nafsiyah, salbiyah, ma’ani, ma’nawiyah. The nature of nafsiyah is manifestation; the
characteristics of salbiyah which are listed in the poem are six, including Qidam, Baqa ',
Mukhalafatuhu lil hawaditsi, Qiyamuhu binafsihi, Wahdaniyah.
Existence is the mandatory nature of Allah, the first, that is, Allah is the essence that
must exist. The existence of God is not because someone is making or creating, but God is
there with His essence.
Qidam (the beginning) is the second mandatory nature of Allah SWT, meaning Allah
SWT, the Almighty is the creator of the universe and its contents. Allah has existed first
than what He created. As seen in the verse of the Qur'an which explains "He is the beginning
and the end.
Baqa’ (Eternal) is the third mandatory nature of Allah SWT, meaning Allah Almighty
is everlasting. He Will is not extinct, perish, or die. He will remain forever. This character of
Baqa is resistant to Allah's impossible nature, Fana (mortal). The verse that explains in the
Qur'an is as follows: "Everything must perish, except Allah.
 Mukhalafatuhu lil hawaditsi (different from creatures) is the fourth mandatory nature
of Allah, meaning that Allah is different from his creation. He is the essence of the Most
Perfect and the Great. There is nothing that can match and resemble His majesty. Like the
verse of the Qur'an which is explained as follows: "And no one is equal to Him." (Surat al-
Ikhlas: 4)
Qiyamuhu Binafsihi (stand-alone) is the fifth nature of Allah. That is to say, Allah is
independent, does not depend on anything and does not need anyone's help, that is the nature
of Allah SWT. Even if all this humanity does not exist
Wahdaniyah (oneness) is the sixth mandatory nature of Allah. It means there is no ally
for Him. He is the only God who created the universe. So, Allah SWT is the only one and
there is no ally for Him. Here are six explanations of the twenty attributes of Allah that are
listed in the verse above.

3.1.2. The Effectiveness of Teaching Materials

The results of the teaching materials trial show that there are differences in student
learning outcomes before and after the development of teaching materials. That is, student
learning outcomes in the Theory courses are higher by using teaching materials developed
with archipelago manuscript. In addition, students showed high enthusiasm in the following
learning.

3.2. Discussion

The research found that most teachings of Islam are in the form of educational value
and advice to guide human being in living life. This is by the teachings of our religion that
the recognition of the omnipotence of Almighty God is something that must be
implemented. By reading the script, it is hoped that the Muslim faith in the religion will be
better. From the results of Braginsky's study (1998), it is known that the development of the
poetic tradition was in line with the entry of Islam into the archipelago. First, this is
indicated by the fact that Hamzah Fansuri, a great Malay Sufi poet who lived at the turn of
the 16th century is the father of the genre of poetry. In his book Asrar al-'Arifin (Gnostic
Secrets), he describes a form of poetry that indirectly provides evidence that poetry was a
new genre during his lifetime.
Second, verses developed under the influence of Persian and Arabic poetry among
Sufis (cf. Al-Attas, 1968 in Braginsky, 1998). Thus, it is clear that the presence of Islamic
scholars or scholars not only teaches the holy Koran, hadith, and treatises but also makes use
of Literatur
The theme of this research is avoiding disgraceful acts, with transliteration and
translating the language of the manuscript into Indonesian, students more easily understand
the contents of the text. By understanding the meaning contained in the three manuscripts of
this research, it is expected that students will gain understanding and knowledge of the
teachings of Islam and are expected to practice it in daily life. (Sanwani, 1994). Thus, they
become human beings who are dignified and fearful of the Almighty God. This is following
the function of National Education, which is to develop capabilities and forming dignified
national character and civilization to educate the nation's life, it is at the development of
potential learners to become human beings who believe and fear the Almighty, noble,
healthy, knowledgeable, competent, creative, independent, and a democratic as well as a
responsible citizen (Presiden RI., 2003). Prevention of despicable deeds is in line with the
vision of education in 2025, namely to create intelligent and competitive Indonesian people.
The intelligence referred to here is comprehensively intelligent, namely spiritual and
social/emotional intelligence in the realm of attitude, intelligent of question in the realm of
knowledge, and intelligent kinesthetic in the realm of skills.
The contents of this text are relevant to the learning competencies formulated in the
objectives of the course containing attitudes, knowledge and skills competencies that must
be mastered at once. This is under the level of education within the framework of the
Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia by taking into account: increasing faith and piety,
increasing the potential, intelligence, and interest of students, diversity of regional and
environmental potential, demands for regional and national development, demands on the
world of work, development of science, technology and art, religion, dynamics of global
development, and national unity and national values (Ristekdikti. 2016).

4. Conclusion
Teaching materials of Literary Theory based on archipelago manuscript to avoid
students from despicable deeds has been developed. Teaching materials developed based on
need analysis, the curriculum used and learning sources. The Result of validation indicates
that teaching materials based on archipelago manuscript are good. Based on the description
of the contents of the archipelago manuscript, it is found that teaching and advice can be
implemented in the learning of Literary Theory to avoid despicable deeds.

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