Motion ina Straight Line EteIntegral Caleulus ry = Den nu oa 7 ere gece 05 = Definite integration ary = Summary ig 7 Today's Key Takeaway(s) 20 ~Integral Calculus @) on.dy = f"(aydx Differentiation means to divide the function into infinite number of small elements. Now we want to sum up all small elements. We can not add like in algebra, as it involves infinite terms. Further each term is infinitely small Integration is the method of summation of an infinite series in which each term tends to zero, Later on it was found that itis just an inverse process of differentiation. = Say=ff@ax y= M9)Integration as Differentiation in Reverse * Suppose we differentiate the function y = x2. We obtain = 2x. Integration reverse this process & we say the integral of 2x is x. ‘Above situation is just a litle more complicated because there are lots of functions we can differentiate to give 2x. Ex x2 +4, 12-15, x2 + 0.7 ete. When we reverse process we have no idea what the ‘original constant term might have been. So, it include an unknown constant in our expression, C say, called the ‘constant of integrationIntegrals of Common Functions remote Cire fo) exeIntegrals of Common Functions PS CALL ee or “cosecx +c Lette meu In|secx| + ¢ ete ore 1 Loe emoIntegrate each of the following functions with respect, tox: fa) * (b) ve (x @ 3 | i i i | | | | (e) 4 (h e& | | | | i | | | |Q1. Integrate each of the following functions with respect tox @ @< 4 (@) Ste (©) -fx? +e (@) 4x+0 (&) ve @ x ) oF (b) Ex¥? +6 @) ~fxSte ) ete2. Find (a) fede (b) fsinede (©) fet aya (8) ShaePs 2. Find (@) ferae (&) fsinede (©) fet aya (8) Shae (@) Ste (b) —cost + ¢ fest 7 (co) +0 (@) Inix| +eBINA CIC Q1. Integrate the following functions with respect to x. Os Q) x (4) otai Os (3) tanx Ete Insecx| +¢ Integrate the following functions with respect to x. Q) x (4) ot @ -S4e (4) Ini|+eDefinite integration When it is desired to integrate a function between two siven limits, say @ and b, then the integration is said to be definite integration Mathematically WS fdr = Fx) +e then {° f(x)dx = F() = F(a), is defined as definite integration, where @ is called lower limit & b is called upper tit ¥ SP f@ddx = Jf FeddeDefinite integration When you evaluate a definite integral the result will usually be a number. Integration constant is not necessary to evaluate the definite integral ‘Some useful rules for integration are as follow (a) fefe)dx = ¢ J f(e)dx, where cis a constant (db) LPG) + 9@)]dx = f f@dx + f g@ax (o) Let f f@)dx = FO) then J f(cx)dx =3. Find Jwhere 1 = f*x¢ax Q4, Find where 1 = 2" cosxdx QS, Evaluate f7(x? + 1)dx3, Find where = ff xtdx Go) Q4, Find where I = {2 cosxdx GN Q5. Evaluate f/(x* + dxBINA CIC Q2__ Find the value of [2(4x* — 3x? + 2x + 5)dx Q3, Evaluate = (11 +e%)dt Q4, Evaluate 1 = f" cos(2x)ex Teachers can also take following examples in class as per the availability of time. (1) Ssin?xdx (2) ScostxdxQ2__ Find the value of [2(4x* — 3x? + 2x + 5)dx Go Q3. Evaluate 1 = f1(1 + e*)ae a3 Q4, Evaluate 1 = f cos(2x)dx v3/4 | I I I | | | | | | | I I | | | |Summ 2 Integration as differentiation in reverse. ad eae » cosectx = f= f'@) ae ray ‘secx tanx. secx +c then f f'(dx =y ‘cosecx cotx ~cosecx + ¢ 2 Integrals of common functions 1o() Lurt@) +e smi) 4e constant, fare (a zile ” n#-1 co ere a G 3) Inlel +e - oeToday’s Key Takeaway(s) Rules of integration (a) Sef (x)dx = ¢ J f(x)dx, where cis a constant (b) JPG) + a@)|dx = J Foddx + Jf a(x)dx (c) Let f f(@)dx = F(x) then f f(ex)dx = oo Definite integral Se dx = Fb) - F@)Thank You! @ Aakash Seam