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1 This question is about metals and compounds of metals.

Sodium is a metal in Group I of the Periodic Table.

Identify two correct statements about sodium.

Tick two boxes.

It is relatively soft metal.

It has a high melting point.

It forms coloured chlorides.

It has a lower density than most metals.

It is a good insulator.

[2]

[Total: 2]

2 Catalysts increase the rate of chemical reactions.

Name the type of metals often used as catalysts.

platinum
.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

3 Some properties of four substances, A, B, C and D, are shown in the table.

electrical electrical
melting solubility
substance conductivity conductivity
point in water
when solid when molten

A does not conduct does not conduct low insoluble

B conducts conducts high insoluble

C does not conduct does not conduct very high soluble

D does not conduct conducts high soluble

Answer these questions using only the information in the table.

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(a) State which substance, A, B, C or D, is sulfur.

Explain your answer.

A
substance ........................................................................................................................

sulfur is not a metal and is insoluble

explanation ......................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

(b) State which substances, A, B, C or D, is sodium chloride.

Explain your answer.

D
substance ........................................................................................................................

It can conduct electricity and is soluble and also have a high melting point
explanation ......................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 6]

4 This question is about metals and compounds of metals.

Identify two correct statements about transition elements.

Tick two boxes.

All transition elements are metals which are brown in colour.

Transition elements have high densities.

Compounds of transition elements are white in colour.

Transition elements have high melting points.

Transition elements are found between Group IV and V of the Periodic Table.

[2]

[Total: 2]
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5 Give two ways in which the properties of transition elements differ from the properties of Group I
metals.
they have higher melting point
1 ..............................................................................................................................................

they are less reactive with water

2 .............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

6 The symbols of the elements in Period 2 of the Periodic Table are shown.

Li Be B C N O F Ne

For each of the following, give the symbol of an element from Period 2 which matches the description.

Each element may be used once, more than once or not at all.

Which element:

(a) combines with hydrogen to produce ammonia

N
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) makes up approximately 21% of clean, dry air

O
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) has atoms with only two electrons in the outer shell

C
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) has atoms with only seven protons

F
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) is a monoatomic gas

Ne
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(f) is a soft metal stored in oil?

Li
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 6]
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7 Iron is a transition element.

Which two of these statements about iron are correct?

Tick two boxes.

Iron forms coloured compounds.

Iron can act as a catalyst.

Iron is brown when freshly cut.

Iron has a low density.

Iron has a low melting point.

[2]

[Total: 2]

8 The halogens have molecules containing two atoms.

What is the name for molecules containing only two atoms?

Diatomic molecules
.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

9 The Periodic Table is a method of classifying elements.

Identify the element which is in Group VI and Period 4.

Its members are chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), and seaborgium (Sg).
.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

10 Helium and hydrogen can both be used to fill balloons.

Suggest one advantage of using helium rather than hydrogen to fill balloons.

This is because helium is less dense. Because helium is lighter that air, a helium balloon
.................................................................................................................................................. [1]
rises, just as an air bubble rises in more dense water.
[Total: 1]

11 This question is about the halogens and compounds of the halogens.

The properties of some halogens are shown in the table.

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melting point boiling point density of liquid at

element 3 colour
in °C in °C boiling point in g / cm

flourine -220 -188 1.51

chlorine -101 -34.04

...................... 1.56 light green

bromine -7 59 3.12 red-brown

iodine 114 184 4.93

.................... grey-black

(a) Complete the table to estimate:

• the boiling point of chlorine

• the density of iodine.

[2]

(b) Describe the trend in the melting points of the halogens down the group.
The melting points and boiling points of the halogens increase going down group 7.
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Predict the physical state of bromine at -20 °C

liquid
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) Which one of the following is most likely to be the colour of fluorine?
Tick one box.
dark green

light grey-black

light yellow

purple

[1]

[Total: 5]

12 This question is about Group I elements.

The properties of some Group I elements are shown in the table.

melting point boiling point relative thermal atomic

element
in °C in °C conductivity radius / pm

lithium 180.5
............... 1342 84 152

sodium 97 883 142 186

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potassium 63 760 102 ...............

rubidium 39 686 58 248

(a) Complete the table to estimate:

• the melting point of lithium [2]

• the atomic radius of potassium.

[2]

(b) Describe the trend in the boiling points of the Group I elements down the group.

it decrease if you go down

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Caesium is below rubidium in Group I.

Use the information in the table to suggest why it is difficult to predict the thermal conductivity
of caesium.

since thermal conductivity isn't descending or ascending and it is different from each other
...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) Predict the physical state of rubidium at 45 °C

Give a reason for your answer.

liquid, because the melting point is at 39.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 6]

13 This question is about the halogens and compounds of the halogens.

The properties of some halogens are shown in the table.

density of liquid
melting point boiling point atomic radius
element at its boiling point
in °C in °C 3 in nm
in g / cm

chlorine -101 -35 0.567 0.099

.........................

bromine -7 59 3.12 0.144

iodine 114 184.3 4.93 0.133

.......................

astatine 302 337 6.35

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(a) Complete the table to estimate:

• the density of liquid chlorine

• the boiling point of iodine.

[2]

(b) Describe the trend in the atomic radius of the halogens down the group.
if you go down it increase
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Predict the physical state of bromine at 50 °C.

Give a reason for your answer.

it would almost be liquid because its almost at boiling point

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]

14 This question is about solids and gases.

(a) The list gives the names of eight substances which are gases at room temperature.

ammonia

butane

carbon dioxide

carbon monoxide

chlorine

methane

propene

sulfur dioxide

Answer the following questions about these gases.

Each gas may be used once, more than once or not at all.

State which gas:

(a) is a poisonous product formed by the incomplete combustion of carbon

carbon monoxide
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
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(b) is an alkene

butane
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) is formed when limestone is thermally decomposed

carbon dioxide
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) is an element
chlorine
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) causes acid rain.

sulfur dioxide
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]

15 Magnesium is a metal in Group II of the Periodic Table.

Copper is a transition element.
Copper has a higher melting point and a higher boiling point than magnesium.

Describe two other properties of copper which are different from those of magnesium.

1 ..............................................................................................................................................

2 .............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

16 Fluorine is above chlorine in Group Vll of the Periodic Table.

Explain, using ideas about reactivity of the halogens, why chlorine does not react with aqueous
sodium fluoride.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

17 The Periodic Table is very useful to chemists.

Refer only to elements with atomic numbers 1 to 36 in the Periodic Table provided when answering
this question.

State which metal in the first 36 elements:

Sodium
(a) is the Group I element which reacts most vigorously with water ..................................... [1]

calcium carbonate
(b) reacts with air to form lime. .............................................. [1]

[Total: 2]
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18 Describe three properties of iron that show that it is a transition element and not a Group I element.

good conductor of heat

1 ...............................................................................................................................................
good conductor of electricity
2 ...............................................................................................................................................
solid
3 ............................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

19 Helium, neon and argon are noble gases.

(a) Explain, in terms of the electronic structure, why neon is unreactive.

Neon is the tenth element of the periodic table and the second of the noble gases. The
...........................................................................................................................................
element is incredibly non-reactive because of its electron configuration
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State one use of argon.

Argon is often used when an inert atmosphere is needed.
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

20 This question is about iodine and compounds of iodine.

(a) Complete the word equation to show the halogen and halide compound which react to form
the products iodine and potassium bromide.

bromide potassium
potassium
................................... + ................................... → iodine +
bromide
...................................

[2]

(b) Explain, in terms of the reactivity of the halogens, why aqueous iodine does not react with
aqueous potassium chloride.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]
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21 (a) Complete the word equation to show the halogen and halide compound which react to form
the products iodine and sodium chloride.

chloride sodium
sodium
................................... ................................... iodine
chloride
...................................

[2]

(b) Explain, in terms of the reactivity of the halogens, why aqueous bromine will not react with
aqueous sodium chloride.

This is because Chlorine is more reactive than Bromine

...........................................................................................................................................
It is soft and can be easily cut with a knife
........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

22 Sodium is in Group I of the Periodic Table.

(a) Describe two physical properties of sodium which are different from the physical properties
of transition elements such as copper.

destiny is greater
1 ........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

It is soft and can be easily cut with a knife

2 ........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Sodium reacts rapidly with water.

Give one observation made when sodium is added to water.

When sodium is added to water, the sodium melts to form a ball that moves around
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
on the surface.
[Total: 3]

23 Nickel is a transition element. Nickel is stronger than sodium.

Describe two other differences in the physical properties of nickel and sodium.

Nickel is a hard silver white metal

1 ...............................................................................................................................................

It is malleable
2 ............................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]
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24 The halogens are the elements in Group VII of the Periodic Table.

Predict the physical state and colour of astatine at room temperature and pressure.

solid
physical state ...........................................................................................................................

blue
colour ....................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]