angi2021 Pig waste management and recycling: The Singapore experience: 8. Pig house ventilation inthe Wopies: Reduction of radiation heal loads {CL} Pia waste management and recycing: The Singapore experience © 3.Pig house ventilation inthe tropics [B) General background on ventilation [D} Theoretical considerations 5) Natural ventilation [Jj Mechanical ventiation [5] Reduction of radiation heat loads [F) Questions and answers FF Foum Reduction of radiation heat loads The roofs of pig houses must be designed to be effective shields against solar radiation, but must not obstruct fre, natural ventilation. The elfectiveness of the roof depends on orientation of the barn to provide shade; roof shape, height, and spacing; and texture, colour, and insulation properties of roofing material, The use ofthe ground space between the bars can also affect the radiation heat load onthe pigs Bam Orientation The pig hams need to be positioned so thatthe long axis of the root isin an east-west direction to minimize direct solar radiation, The end pens in the bar can be protected with overhangs or vertical end walls to keep out the carly moming and late evening sun. Many ‘combinations of lowered eaves and angled louvers cat be used to reduce further penetration of direct solar radiation into the pen area ofthe bar, ‘coment arbestes — Be e Te we Sow respiration rate breaths/mint Fig. 35, Respitaton rates of sows ina wide barn, Rates wer of time measured by counting the numiber af breaths taken by the animals over a petiod ‘The sows in the cenire rows respired 125-150 times per minute. They were living under roof temperatures of 43-46 C. The respiration rates ‘ofthe sows inthe outer tows, which were insulated as shown, were 100+108 breaths/mint The normal rate is 40-70 breathsimint Roof Material The effectiveness of roofing materials depends on thei ireflecting and reradiating capabilities, Both of these characteristics should be maximized for maximum effectiveness. However, surface characteristics change rapidly with age, particularly in tropical climates. Cement asbestos roofing tums black and aluminum surfaces darken and taenish considerably with time. These were the twe most common roofing ‘materials used in Singapore for pig and poultry barns. When the roof temperature is greater than the surface temperature of the pigs, the pigs gain radiant heat that must be dissipated by increased respiration, Figure 3.5 shows the respiration rates for sows in a farrowing house where the ambient temperature exceeded the body temperatute, The respiration rates forthe sows in the centre pens of the wide barn were 25-50% higher than those in the outer ows, The sows inthe outer row of pens were under les stres, partly because of the fabric shield suspended below the roof, bu their respiration rates ‘were stl 2-3 times higher than the normal respiration rate of 40-70 breaths/min ina nonstressful envionment .00000-00--f-Oh-00-0-—-0-10-0-~0--Odrect- 1-40-11 -on-60-—-20-aboul--00-01-00.0.0-11—-0-0-8a"d... 1/4 ‘wow nzdorglogibinibrary?