Neel alae JORGEN SANDMAN ANDREAS HUBER oe PER lsContents LP Chapter Contents .. Preface .. 1 Playing Ability Test Cover Sheet. 141 Conditions and Procedure. 42 The PAT Principle .. 13 The Playing Ability Test (PAT 2)... 14 PAT: Speed Drill 15 PAT: Stroke Straightness . 16 PAT: Follow Shot Drill. ie PAT: Draw Shot Drill 015 18 PAT: Small Area Position Dril 018 19 PAT: Big Area Position Drill. 1.10 4 1.12 PAT: Standard Position Shots .. 1.13 PAT: 9-Ball Situation Dril 2s Technique Training Cover Sheet 24 2.2 2.3 9-Ball and Continuous Position Gamo on 24 Intermediate direction ore. 043 2.5 Standard Position Workout for Intermediate .. 045 26 Blank Copie: 047 z Training Games Cover Sheet 34 Equal Offence.... 3.2 Bowlliard... 33 Progressive X-Ball 3.4 Straight Pool Penalty Play 35 Straight 8-Ball 3.6 9-Ball Broak Stats Game... 37 4 Table Blanks Fl kitho-Vetiege K. Germany 2006 Hy All rights reserved iff BI 4. Edition EY Printed in Germany ISBN 3-9810400-5-8 www billardbook.com Allrights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or ‘otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers. This publication is sold subject to the conditiomthat it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out or otherwise circulated without the publisher's prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published © Litho-Veriag, Germany | wnucbiliardbook com PAT 2 2Profaco What is PAT? PAT stands for “Playing Ability Test’. and is much more than just @ method to test the playing abilities of billiard players, itis, in fact, a system to assess the skills that one needs to play good pool on the basis of exercises evaluated. Those skills are defined in ten sectors - ten aspects of the game. Additionally, this system may always be applied as a model to plan short, mid and long term training programmes In this notebook, printed material for further exercises and training games to record personal performances in training may be found along with the PAT exercises. Besides being helpful for proparing for the PAT, the whole purpose of this notebook is fo assist him in training - that this cannot replace a (good) trainer is to be understood! S How to use this book? Proficient players start with a workout on the complete PAT - picking out the first exercises comes by itself: those ‘exercises with the worst results (least points) are dealt with primarily. ‘According to the time available for training, a 3-months-target should be set (e.g., 50% progress) and pursued till the predetermined result has been reach three times in succession (or, at least, 80% of the PAT target value). 2.x 12 attempts for each exercise (5 and 3 innings each) are designed on most of the score sheets, which makes reaching the set target average easier (5 innings excuses a ‘blooper’ with less conorders). Since the tests actually consist of 3 innings, the second 12 attempts are presented with only 3 innings. ‘The purpose of the training Is to reach the set target three times in a row in 3 innings at the end of the 3-months period. With weekly training rounds, a single sheet could last up to 6 months if one or two exercise are absolved. ‘An exercise may, can and should be repeated as often as desired - however, only two recorded attempts should be performed to emphasise the “not-to-be-repeated character” of these innings. Its. in fact, recommended that this be executed under witnesses (2.g., during @ club training). Itis, additionally, proposed that one or two of the included training games be delved with. Should the set target be reached earlier than planned, the exercises and games may naturally be replaced by others. © Litho-Voriag, Gormany | www.biliardbook.com PAT 2 3oC =_— The PAT-System was rubber-stamped _and exclusively recognised by the WPA (Worl Billiard Association) in the fall of 2004. Iti the tests among an official rankings or to a corresponding performance emblem (as on the right). hove OMIT = possible to be listed together with the results of 0 as pictured WP A .\\ =a Through the recognition of the PATs by the WPA, aa, national, international and even intercontinental =S comparisons are only now made possible (everyone does the same tests). The grading of the above-mentioned perfor PAT 1 600 - 799 points mance emblems are classified as follows: s 1. Light groon PAT 1.800 - 999 points 2. Dark green PAT 41000 onwards_ plus certificate _ PAT 2.600 - 799 points 3. Light blue PAT 2 800 - 999 points 4, Dark blue PAT.2 1000 onwards plus certificate PAT 3 550 - 699 points 5. Black PAT 3 700 - 849 points 6 Red PAT 3 850 - 999 points: 7. Gold PAT 3 1000 onwards 8. Pink Further information on the tests and colour emblems as well as dates for the PAT and the latest rankings will be found under: Wishing you lots of luck and success and with many thanks Dipl-Ing. Andreas Huber, Dachau National Head Coach Germany EPOF Coach Europe @Litno-Veziag, Germany | wwnbitiardbook.com http:/www.pat-billiard.com ved he™ ih 2 let - Jofgén Sandman, Maims Ralph Ecker, Mannheim /Nationdl leas Coach Austis Coach Bader-Warttemberg EPBF Coach Europe: EPEF Coach EuropePAT “There is nothing that cannot be achieved through patience and self control” ~ Mahatma Gandhi- This part includes information on the conditions, the procedure and the PAT - Principle. Playing Ability Test. € Litho-Veriag, Germany | vewbiliardoook.com [par2| sPlaying Ability Test (PAT) Ly General conditions for a PAT even! To be recommended are two players to a table, Duration is then approx. 3-4 hours. With just one player to a table set 2-3 hours. With 3 players to a table 6 hours should be planned . Should the players posses PAT experience, the time may be shortened, and vice versa. ‘A PAT trainer can well handle up to 6 players on three tables. A single trainer can even conduct the tests with 20 players on 10 tables - lots of experience will then be required! As a rule, an assistant for every 3 tables should be appointed. Printed standard PAT forms to be entered by hand are sufficient with up to 6 participants. With 7 or more parti itis recommended to use the PC supported Excel tables. In which case, the assistants are to enter the printed PAT forms by hand. 9" tables (playing field: 2.54 x 1.27 m.) corresponding to WPA specifications are prescribed! While conducting an official PAT, the PAT trainer will strive to present himself (personal style in clothing and language) and the tests with an, as official as possible, character. ‘As according to the PAT trainer's proposal, there may be either: a) the PAT only (followed by basic commentaries), or ) the PAT with subsequent individual training (which may be set for the following day) The PAT trainer may offer b) as an option. When applying for the test the applicant can dooide whether he wishes a) to remain anonymous (just for personal training), or b] to participate officially (with emblem award and entry of personal results in the rankings). The best achieved results on each level of a participant will always remain listed in the rankings Procedure: Maximum of 30 minutes warm-up time is to be granted. Table shortcomings discovered by the participants during warm-up (straightness, leveiness, speed, rails, etc.) are to be reported to the PAT trainer during this time. Later complaints cannot be taken into consideration. Make sure that the participants’ registration is complete (either done through Internet or before the PAT by having the participants fill out the printed forms). Every participant determines then if he/she wishes to be enlisted as an official or an anonymous player. Necessary information for an official entry consists of first name, family name, e-mail address, town/city of residence and date of birth, Aiter the to-be-performed exercise is explained, balls for the corresponding exercise shall be set on every table! Only then shall the trainer allow the exercise to begin on alll tables - simultaneously! Every participant is to complete his (3) innings ,at one go* - independent of the number of participants at each table. On completing his inning, the participant discloses the achieved result to the assistant or to the PAT trainer. It would be ideal ifthe PAT trainer could concentrate on random checks and looking out for mistakes concerning the tests. In this manner exercise aftor exercise are absolved - breaks may be granted at his discretion. After evaluating the PAT, the PAT trainer discloses the achieved results officially and presents the emblems and certificates where applicable. Finally, the fundamental explanations to each section of the test will be delivered. ©Litho-Verlag, Germany | nwn.bliardbook com | PaT2| 6 ee)Playing Ability Test (PAT) PF The PAT Principle As a rule each exercise are to be performed in 3 innings (exceptions: categories straightness and standard position balls) The results of these innings are added together and then divided by its number. This gives the test average for the corresponding exercise In some of the categories 2 exercises of 3 innings each are to be made (categories 5, 6 and 7). The sum of the results from the 6 innings are accordingly divided by 6. This achieved average is then multiplied by the given factor, This give in the points and percentage value of this, category respectively. The results are to be rounded off : more than 0.50 to 1.00 and less than 0.49 to 0.00! Equation: Achieved Average x Factor = Points (Percentage Value) A target value is set for each category! This target value multiplied by the given corresponding factor alvways equals 4100 (equivalent to 100%). Equation: Target value x Factor = 100 (%)! ‘Should the achieved average be greater than the given target value, more than 100 (%) can be scored (the so-called academic reserve)! Under "Summary’, the single results are added to the last subtotal - leading to the final score in PAT. Alll exercises are designed so that 100% correspond to the target value. 80% is considered as “passed”. The whole test will not be considered “passed” and must be repeated if the total score does not reach 800 points. 800 or more points (corresponds to 80% of the whole test) achieved, the next test may be taken at the next higher level (ie. PAT 3) Dates FEE Erte doko ten token DOMMNWY) li)Speed dai ies Spaed dil” shows which eeorcin s boing perorned “argo! avorege: 3.83 | Bchiovad ergot volua/ overage wove achieved faa. 30.00 Facior mubipied by lorget volue — 100%, mulled by achieved valu Points chiowed pointe/acore (pereartage vel) | DiSirokeSimighiness Speed 2)| i [Executed in 4 «3 shots Target overoge 2.50 | achieved | Piverage of 2.50 in 3 otenpis should be reached for 100% Fodor 40.00 or [40.00) x target volve 2.50) = 100. Maximum i 3x40 = 120% Foie four score (in ints and in $5) Subrotl. an of cotagery 1) ond ol his category 2) [Example Follow Shot Dail fo | é | % bh ocins possible for each attempt with follow drill. Achieving it will rasult in an average of 12.00. Tafgetaveroge 11100 [Techie] 9.35 Wi hinod by tho factor 9.1 gives 109% (= maximum) Factor: 9.10 forget valve 11.00 x Facior 9.10 is 100% Fone z he teed porzonscorae 10/6/12 Snel 10 +6 +12) +3 9.33. 9.33.<9.10 = 84.9% [rounded offi 85) ajbeweal of 1 5 85217 SE] Taigel ayeioge 10.00 | wchiewed] 567 [1723-5.67. Factor 10.00 on oF —harnae aroaig aT {i Satoh a 7 == 85 (rom category 3) = 142 (esuls om colegoies | and 2 are missing] (The table is taken from PAT 1) ©Litho-Vortag, Gormany | www.villardbook com PAT2| 7Playing Ability Test (PAT) Highest possible score for PAT 2: Exercise Highest score sum 1. Speed 120 120 2. Straightness 200 300 3. Follow shot 120 420 4, Draw shot 120 540 5. Small Position 167 707 6. BigPosition 182 889 7. Frozen Rail Situation 165 1,054 8. Endless Drill 214 1,268 9. Standard Position Shots 150 1,418 10. Game Situations 150 1,568 Maximum score for PAT 2: 1,568 ‘Anyone who reaches this score is definitely in the false PAT level! Participants who reach 800 and more points are qualified to take the PAT 3 at the next PAT event. Basically a direct registration for a PAT 3 is possible. However, if less than 550 points (black emblem) are reached, no awards will be granted! In such a case, an emblem of a lower level cannot be awarded! ‘Tolerance guide line for the PAT trainer: Should a participant (in the last exercise) fall short for an emblem level by just one ball (ie. his final results are 594, 794 or 994 points), the examiner has the right to let this participant to play three further innings before a gathered group of participants, Should this participant succeed to improve his score, these points are valid and the final score may then be corrected to 600, 800 or 1000 accordingly! @ Litho-Veriag, Germany | werw.billarabook.com PAT 2 8Playing Ability Test (PAT - 2/3) Dare ail “Target vere Factors Pins: = A,00_ | Achieved 25. Sreighi il Speed) ‘Target avorogo: 10,00 [Aehioved 10,00 Foctor Painis Subiolal. ‘Sipall Pos dal alien 18.18. an Frowinnal-aal ion di Behioved Raho 30.00 30.00 Ta pay angel overage. aie iL Factor |e 14.29 14.20 eins Suto: eee [Slandadpon ge! average: 2.00 [Rehcvedl exe Hae ci 50.00 reins i rT Siteten Terget average. ii [inate 16.67 is (See 16.67, © Litho-Verlag, Germany | www: biliardbook.com mE 16.67 loved 30.00 aa Faved] 14.20 mn hisvedl 30.00. oT Aiea] 16.67 (Rehiavedl 50.00 faved 18.67 PAT 2PAT: Speed - 1. Speed Drill +The target value is given with an average of 4.00 * Toaim for the maximum average of 4.0! * The Factor is 25.0! + The maximum score in this category amounts to 100 % (4.0 x 25)! ‘SUMMARY. First set balls as in diagram. Then play them one after the other with the given speed. Hitting another ball(s) and the long rail are not permitted. Commentary All of the balls 1 - 4 are to be set and may be shifted only within the diamond segments lengthways and only along the head string. The set position may be corrected before shooting! Ball 1 on the head string between the right long rail and the first diamond of the head rail Ball 2 on the head string between the first and second diamond of the head rail. Ball 3 on the head string between the second and third diamond of the head rail. Ball 4 on the head string between the left long rail and the third diamond of the head rail. Should a ball enter a neighbouring segment, which it may (i.e. it counts), the participant may replace it on a spot, naturally, at only the same height and not further away than to the middle of its own diamond segment, so that the next ball may not be hindered. Otherwise, the played balls remain on theirs spots fill all the balls have been played. Three innings are to be played. The qualified PAT trainer enters the three achieved results in the three appropriate columns. For each ball made legally and which lands in the specified target field is one point awarded. A maximum, of 4 poinis can be achieved in a single inning! The centre of the ball accounts for its position. Exercise: Speed-Drill Notes: = © Litho-Veriag, Germany | wwe billardbook com PAT 2 | 10PAT: Straightnoss 2. Stroke Straightness + The target value is noted with an average of 1.5 + To aim for the maximum average of 3.0 + The factor is 68.67 + The highest score for this category would then amount to 200 % (3.0 x 68.67) ‘SUMMARY: Straightness exercise with Speed 3 (!) (without side spin/ english). Four innings are to be played. An inning consists, of three shots. How many of the three possible shots are successful in the average? Comments: 4 innings with 3 shots each are played here. In each of the four colurnns of the PAT printed form the number of successful shots from the 3 attempts are entered The PAT trainer enters the number of successful shots after every three shots, then again after the next three, etc., or he may be given the four numbers by the participant Itis important that, not only the straightness is maintained (the two object balls, two ball diameters apart from each other may not be hit), but also the specified Speed 3. That means, the cue ball must aiso come to rest in the head field to be evaluated as a proper shot The centre of the ball accounis for its position If the tables are unsuitable for the test to be performed along three parallel lines, it may be executed three times on one lane as an alternative. Notes: ©Ltho-Verlag, Germany | wwa.biliardbook com u2.x 12 Units Straightness and Speed PB Exercise: Speed-Drill ‘Set balls as in diagram, Then play the balls with the given speeds one ater the other. Hing other balls and the long rails are not permite. ‘Comments: Exercise: Stroke Straightn: 15 with Speed 3! (no side spin/onglish) ‘An inning corresponds to one attempt al the 3 ilusirated balls. How many of the tee possible are made on the ave- Comments: i fala] si=| ‘@Litho-Vertag, Germany | nwa.bliarcbook com PAT 2 | 12PAT: Follow 3. Follow Shot Drill + The target value is noted with an average of 10.0 + To aim for the maximum average of 12.0! + The factors 10.00 + The highest score for this category would then amount to 120% (12.0 x 10.0) mar One point for sinking each object ball and one point for each cue ball positioning. Position points are awarded only if the object ball is also pocketed! Place the cue ball anywhere on the specified diamond line. The cue bail must follow into the pocket to be awarded a position point! That, which is a foul (scratch) in a game, testifies the straightness and smoothness of the follow shot stroking. Comments: 3 object balls are placed on the line of the second diamond and the other 3 are on the third diamond line. as according to the diagram. The object balls are about half the width of the ball apart from each other and off the long rail. The PAT trainer should make sure that this is more or less the case before the exercise begins. Three innings are played! Thus 3 x 6 balls. 12 points an inning are possible (point for sinking + point for position). Position points are only awarded if the cue balls are aiso sunk. To obtain a position point, the object ball and the cue ball must drop into the same comer packet (great confirmation for a straight and smooth stroke!) Should the cue ball come in contact with one of the neighbouring object balls, the position point then does not count. The point for sinking the object ball counts! The order in which the balls are to be played is arbitrary! The achieved points of each inning are entered into the three corresponding columns of the PAT printed form, then the average, then multiplied by the factor, and so on. Exercise: Follow-Dril Notes! @Lthe. lag, Germany | nwn.illarcbook com PAT2 | 14PAT: Draw 4, Draw Shot Drill + The target value is noted with an average of 10.0 + Toaim for the maximum average of 12.0 + The factor is 10.0 + The highest score for this category would then amount to 120% (12 x 10.0)! ‘Summary One point for making the ball and one point for position. Six points for balls made and six points for cue ball position are possible. Position points are awarded only if the object balls are also sunk! How many of the 12 possible points can be reach in an inning? Place the cue ball anywhere on the specified diamond line. Cue ball might contact head rail. Comments The object balls are placed on the line of the first and of the second diamonds, as according to the diagram. The object balls are about half the width of the ball apart from each other and off the long rail (second rail): notably closer to first rail. The cue ball on the fifth diamond line may be shifted (is 3 and 4 diamonds away respectively) and must be aligned (with object ball and pocket). The PAT trainer should make sure that this is more or less the case before the exercise begins. Three innings are played! Thus 3 x 6 balls 12 points an inning are possible (6 points for sinking + 6 for position). Position points are awarded only if the object balls are also sunk. To obtain a position point, the object ball must fall into the pocket and the cue ball must come to rest in the specified position field! Should the cue ball come in contact with one of the neighbouring object balls, the position point then does not count, The point for sinking the ball counts! In both of these cases with the object balls closest to the long rails, the cue ball may make contact with these rails alter fist hitting one of these balls. Only in both of these cases, a possible scratching of the cue ball into one of the head pockets is allowed (with position point) A draw shot attempt must be really recognisable (at PAT trainer's discretion!), otherwise, even the such made points may be deducted! The order in which the balls are played is arbitrary! Exercise: Draw Shot Drill, Notes: ©Litho-Verlag, Germany | swnw.billarabook com PAT 2 | 152.x 12 Units on Follow and Draw i Exercise: Follow Shot Drill ‘Set up as shown, and let the cue ball follow into the corresponding pocket. Notes: One point each for packeting the bal and one point for position oniy ifthe Cbject ball is sunk. The cue ball may be shifted along the given diamond line! total of @ maximum number of points for pocketing and for positioning (6 each) is 121 Exercise: Draw Shot Ori ‘Sot up as chown, and draw the cue ball into the given positon area Notes: One point each for pocketing the ball and one point for position only if the abject belle sunk The cus ball may be shittod ‘along the given line, Maximum points is hence 12 for eacst inning! Cue bab may touch va. @Litho-Veriag, Germany | wnwbillarabook com PAT2 | 16PAT: Small Position 3 5a. Small Area Position Drill 3 + The target value is given with an average of 6.00 + The maximum achievable average is 10.00 + The factor is 16.67 + The highest results of this category amounts to 167% (10.0 x 16.67) SUMMARY. Exercise Small Area Position Drill 3: As shown and in the given order and played only into the respective corner pocket! The cue ball must not hit any other balls! On contact, the innings ends and the thus made ball does not count! Comments Mind the exact set up of the object balls (no ball on the foot point!). Only the given corner pockel may be used! Start with “ball in hand"! Should the cue ball scratch, the inning is over and the thus made ball dozs not count! Positioning may be performed over any number of rails - it does not always have to be in the "small position area” This is being forced here because it seems to be the easiest and ideal procedure. Banks are not allowed. The three results from the first three innings (of this exercise) are to be entered into the first three columns of the PAT form. Exercise: Small Area Position Drill 3 Notes: ©.Lithe-Veriag, Germany | www biliarabook.com P PAT2 | 18___PAT: Small Position 4 5b. Small Area Position Drill 4 + The target value is given with an average of 6.00 + The maximum achievable average is 10.0 The factor is 16.67 The highest results of this category amounts to 167% (10.0 x 16.67) SUMMARY: Exercise Small Area Position Dn 4:as shown and from the “outside” (close to the rails) to the “inside” (towards the middle of the table). After the fifth ball “ball in hand” for the next five balls on the other side - thus, a maximum of 10 balls is possible each inning! The inning is over on hitting any other object balls and the thus pocketed ball does not count, Comments: The object balls may only be played into the far corner pocket! Start with “ball in hand” Should the cue ball scratch, the inning is over and the thus made ball does not count! Positioning may be performed over any number of rails - it does not always have to be in the “small position area’. This is being forced here because it seems to be the easiest and ideal procedure Banks are not allowed. The results of these second three innings (i.e. of this exercise) are to be entered in the second of the three columns of the PAT form. A\ll of the results of the six innings are to be added and then divided by six to give the achieved value of this category. This is then to be multiplied by the factor to receive the score of this category. Exercise: Small Aroa Position Drill 4 Notes: ©Litho-Verlag, Germany | wwn.illiardbook com PAT2| 192x 12 Units on Smal! Position Drills 3 and 4 Exercise: Small Area Position Drill 3 In tha given odor as shown and only into that single corner pocket ‘The cue ball may not touch another bal. On contact, that inning is over - and the ball thus pocketed does not count. Notes: ] rj ou zi I za 1 _| 2 | | a} | i | [ a | 4 aa oe es || | aaa Si al) | | | te I I i J J fa | = I [ | at a I 1 | ea ae a aaa | een | | I ae 3 | i | i i f 1a Se Exercise: Small Area Position Drill 4 ‘After the fth ball its" ballin hand! forthe fist of the group of five balls on the other side of the tablet Notes: Maximum of 10 points an inning is thus possible - otherwise the same rules as above apply (bal’s in order and each of the group of fve into one pocket, ete.) { a | i “TL st © Litho.Verlag, Germany | wnwillardbook com PAT 2 | 20PAT: Big Position 3 6a. Large Area Position Drill 3 + The target value is given with an average of 5.50 + The maximum achievable average is 10.0 * The factor is 18.18 + The highest score of this category amounts fo 182% (10.0 x 18.18) ‘SUNIMARY. Exercise Large Area Position Drill 3: Note the numbered order. Play the balls only into their respective corner pockets. Touching ather balls ends the inning and the ball thus made does not count. Comments: Notice from the diagram that both of the balls Nine and Ten are half a ball’s width from the rail. The One is on the head spot and the Five between the One and the Nine. The Two is on the foot spot and the Four is between the Two and the Ten. Place the remaining balls between the respective balls. Begin with ‘ball in hand! Should the cue ball scratch, the inning is naturally over and the thus pocketed balll does not count! Bank is not allowed, kick is! Combination shots are naturally not allowed, jump shots are. The three results of the first three innings (i.e. of this exercise) are entered in the first three columns of the PAT form. Exercise: Large Area Position Drill 3 Notes: @Lithe-Verieg, Germany | wnw biliardeook.com PAT 2 | 22PAT: Big Position 4 pS 6b. Large Area Position Drill 4 + The target value is given with an average of 5.50 + The maximum achievable average is 10.0 + The factor is 18.18 + The highest score of this category amounts to 182% (10.0 x 18.18) SUMMARY. Exercise Large Area Position Drill 4: Note the numbered order. Both comer pockets may be used for each half of the playing area. Touching other balls ends the inning and the ball thus made does not count Comments: Notice from the diagram that both of the balls Nine and Ten are half a balls width from the rail. The One is on the head spot and the Five between the One and the Nine. The Two is on the foot spot and the Fouris between the Two and the Ten (the remaining balls between the respective balls). Begin with “ball in hana”. ‘Should the cue ball scratch, the inning is naturally over and the thus pocketed ball does not count. Bank shot is not allowed, kick shot ist Combination shots are naturally not allowed, jump shots are The three results of these second three innings (ie. of this exercise) are entered in the second three columns of the PAT form Add the results of all the six innings and divide the sum by 6 to receive the achieved value of this category. Then multiply this result by the factor to get the score of this category. Exercise: Large Area Position Drill 4 Notes: ©Litho-Verlag, Gormany | vnwebliardbook.com PAT2 | 232x 12 Units on Big Positions 3 and 4 FP Exercic Large Area Position Drill 3 Play in the order as shown and only in both of the diagonaly opposite comer pockets! Notes: iting another ball ends tha inning, The dall thus pocketed no longer counts. Telos fools |=! Gane Exercise: Large Area Position Drill 4 Rulos as above -in that ordor. Hitting anothor ball ends the inning. Notes: Both pockets on each half ofthe table are playable. ©Litho-Verlag, Germany | www.biliardbook.com PAT 2 | 24@ PAT: Frozen Rail 3 CP 7a. Frozen Rail Drill 3 + The target value is given with an average of 3.33 + The maximum achievable average is 5.5 (6.0 for exercise { and 5.0 for exercise 2) + The factor is 30.0 + The highest score of this category amounts to 165% (5.5 x 30.0) ‘SUMMARY: Exercise Frozen Rail Drill 3: As in diagram and in order. All the respective comer pockets may be used. For positioning, one or more rails may be used, as according to own judgement. No combinations, no banks, no touching other balls! These all mean end of the inning and the ball thus pocketed does not count, Comments: ‘Should the cue ball scratch, the inning Bank shot Is not allowed, kick shot ist Combination shots are naturally not allowed, jump shots are. naturally over and the thus pocketed ball does not count. The three results of these first three innings (ie. of this exercise) are entered in the first three columns of the PAT form. Exercise: Frozen rail drill 3 ‘@Litho-Vertag, Germany | nw billardbook com PAT 2 | 26PAT: Frozen Rail Direction 4 « 7b. Frozen Rail Drill 4 + The target value is given with an average of 3.33 + The maximum achievable average is5.5 (6.0 for exercise 1 and 5.0 for exercise 2) + The factor is 30.0 + The highest score of this category amounts to 165% (5.5 x 30.0) ‘Summary: Exercise Frozen Rail Dril 4: Pocket object ball (frozen to rail) as shown and play the cue ball one after the other through the “lanes” (empty spaces) of the row of balls without touching a ball, The cue ball may run a rail only on the first and last lanes. Comments: The to be pocketed object ball is naturally always re-spotted. The cue ball also has its predetermined spot as shown in the diagram. Usually, the first attempt is through the first or upper lane. The cue ball may hit the rail. Scratching in the side pocket means that this lane does not count! If the cue ball passes the lane, hits the corner of the side pocket and is then sent back through the same lane, this lane does not count either! The cue ball must not only pass through the lanes, it must also remain on the other half of the table. The second lane is to be attempted next, the third, the fourth and, then, the fifth (the bottom) lane. The last (fifth) attempt is subject to the same rules as for the first. There Is only one attempt at each of the lanes! After the five attempts (one for each lane) the PAT trainer notes the number of successes. All this to be repeated three times! The three results out of these second three innings (of this exercise) are entered in the second three columns of the PAT form. All the results from the six innings are added together and then divided by six, which gives the achieved value of this category. This is then multiplied by the factor to receive the score of this category. Exercise: Frozen Rail Drill 4 Notes: Litho-Verlag, Germany | wwx.bliardbook.com PAT 2 | 272.x 12 Units on Frozen Rail 3 and 4 Exercise: Frozen rail drill 3 [As shown (in order and only into the corasponding corner pockets) Notes: Position play over one or mote rails is arbitrary. No banks and combination shots, no touching other balls - otherwis inning ends (the thus made ball does not coun) [sll] Exercise: Frozen Rail Drill 4 Pocket the object ball and play the cue bal, one attempt aller the other, through the lanes of the row of balls without Notes: touching a ball The cue ball may hit arailon the first and on the last lene. (elaleatsley 1 ai 3 g @Litho-Vertag, Germany | nvm billardbook com PAT 2 | 28PAT: Endless 8. Endless Position Drill 3 + The target value is given with an average of 7.00 + The maximum achievable average is 15.0 + The factor is 14.29 + The highest results of this category amounts to 214% (15.0 x 14.29) SUMMARY: Start with “ball in hand”. Play balls in order (5, 6, 7, 8, 9). All pockets may be used but must be “called”. Are all the balls pocketed, the balls are re-spotted, the cue ball remains where it comes to rest and the inning may then be (theoretical endlessly) continued, During training this may be payed endlessly, but at a PAT only till a maximum of 15 balls! Comments: ‘According to past experiences: the “fastest” of all PAT exercises Set up balls as in diagram (balls Five and Six are a ball's width from their respective rails) No hitting of other balls! This means the end of the inning ang the thus pocketed ball does not count. ‘Should the cue ball scratch, the inning is naturally over and the thus pocketed ball does not count. Banks are not allowed, kicks are! Combination shots are naturally not allowed, jump shots are. Exercise: Endless-Position drill 3 Notes: © Litne-Veriag, Germany | nunu.billardbook com PAT 2 | 304x 12 Units on Endless Position . Exercise: Endless-Position drill 3 ‘Min the order (wth “bal in hand” on the 5-ball-caling all snots (ouching other balls or making ballin a nol-caled pocket Notes: ends the inning and the thus pocketed ball does not count). On pocketing all he balls, thoy are re-spotted and the cus ball remains where itis - may be played theoretically endlessly, For the fecoWés and at a PAT imited to 15 bal's an ining! Exercise: Endless-Position drill 3 ‘Ming the order (with “ballin hand” on the S-ball -caling all shots (ouching other bells or making ballin a not-calied pocket Notes: ends the inning arc the thus pocketec Dall does not coun!) On pocketing all the bails, they are re-spotted and the cue bal remains where itis - may be played thooratically endiecely. For the records and at a PAT limited to 15 balls an inning! © Litho-Vertag, Garmany | www billardo00k com, PAT 2 | 31PAT: Standard Position Shots LP 9. Standard Position Shots + The target value is given with an average of 2.00 + The maximum achievable average is 3.0 + The factor is 50.0 + The highest score of this category amounts to 150% (3.0 x 50.0) SUMMARY: At each of these five standard balls, three attempts may be made. Comments: Shot after shot will be played. After each shot is explained individually at a PAT the tables are set up. Each participant then has three attempts at this standard shot. The PAT trainer then only notes down whether 0, 1, 2 or 3 are made. The next standard shot then follows, and so on The PAT form has for this 5 columns: one for each standard shot The number of successful attempts are added together then divided by 5 to give the target value. This multiplied by the factor will give the score of this category. Alter a successful shot, the next attempt must be made from the other side (sides changing). To receive the point the object ball must be legally pocketed and the position reached by the cue ball, as according to the diagram i a 41) Object ball one balls width from the rail. Cue ballon 1-1. must 2) The cue ball must come to rest in tho determined position area a= cross the centre line afler hiting the frst long ral and hit the other ter running three cals. Only ten, an attempt at the second object ball long rail on tho othor side of the midate pockel. It reaches the deter- _([rozen fo ral) may be mad. To receive the pcint; ys Dall must also mined posiion area almost by ise. bbe pocketed - it may be quite dificult if cue ball gots stuck behind a ccarnar af a camer pocket 2) Cue ball may be placed anywhore behind tha head sting, After 4) Odject balls at least one and at the most tn balls wicth from the pocketing the object bal, cue ball must not Fit the foot rail No points edge of the side pocket. Cue ball is aligned with the object ball and ‘algo if cup ball drops in a pockot (soratch), the corner pookat and is exactly one ball away off the nead ral. Due to the given position area, a jacked-up shot is here called for. 5) Cue ball may be placed anywhere behind the head string, but is By somewhat restricted due to positon tobe mada. Individual judgement for the right ange to hit the foot rail to bring cue ball into tho morkad positon area is required, The long cals may not be touched! © Lio Nerag, Germany | wr blharcbook com Bene PAT 230 Units on Standard Position Shots* 4 + Every player has one try at the corresponding shots. If successful, the corresponding shot is ticked off in the score sheet. + If unsuccessful (after the five different shots), the shots missed on the first try are to be practised x-times in a row (level 2 done 5 - 6 times and noted on the score sheet). At first a circle is to be marked on the score sheet. Should the player be successful to make the shot x-times in a row after a given amount of time (18 - 20 min. is recommended), a check mark may then be marked in the above mentioned circle. + The aim is to make all of the five shots with the first attempt. 2s Ta TS Time! oie The numbers 1 - 5 on the score sheet refer to the diagrams on the left, which show the shots 1 - 5. * Standard shots do not mean “easy shots’, it only means that such shots often occur ! Reference: “Modern Pool” (ECKERT, 2005) pp 60ff. Attention: Al the ability tests, three altempts at each of these five shots are given! 0, 1, 2 or all 3 successful shots made are then noted down. The total number of hits made divided by 5 gives the average. ~ The target average is 2.0: i.e. 2 out of 3 possible! @Litho-Veriag, Germany | wow billarsbook.com PAT 2 | 3310. 9-Ball Situation Drill + The target value is given with an average of 6.00 + The maximum achievable average is 9.0 + The factor is 16.67 + The highest score of this category amounts to 150% (9.0 x 16.67) SUMMARY: Set up the balls as in the diagram and a attempt to run the table. 9-ball rules are valid and fully applicable. The cue bball may come in contact with other balls. llegelly pocketed balls do not count. Comments: No questions should really arise here (9-ball rules are valid). A combination on the 9 also counts as 9 points! “Luck” also counts! Three innings. Every inning to be started with the same given set up. Left-handed persons may have the set up mirrored! White chalk markers to mark the ball positions have proven to be helpful for the PAT trainer. 9-Ball Situation Drill 1 Notos: © Litto-Vertag, Germany | wnw billarcbook com PAT 2 | 354x 12 Units on 9-Ball Situation Notes: ‘9-8 Situation Drill 1 “To “shoo! out’ tho givan 9-al situaton (maximum 9 points an inning). Regular 9-ball rules are valid - the cue ball may come in contact with other balls. Combinations, etc. are allowed. Ful points for legally pocketed 9 all! elals ols eles Exercise: Notes: 9-Ball Situation Drill 1 ‘To shoot out” the given ©-ball situation (maximum 9 points an inning). Regular 9-bel rules are valid - the cue ball may come in contact wth other bails. Combinations, etc. are allowed. Full points for legally pocketed 9 ball! @Litho-Verlag, Germany | wwn.billardbook com PAT 2 | 36TECHNIQUE Training | “The first steps are worthless, if the path I) is not followed till the end” that wears away the stone ” Exercises in stroking straightness, stroking speed and stroking efficiency In addition, exercises on shooting accuracy and playing for position, | | “It’s not the force but the constant dripping hence, to secure a good progress in the techniques. = Shankara - - Choirilos von Samos - © Litho-Veriag, Germany | swnw.bifardbook com PAT 2 | 37Speed al The right speed, apart from the basic strokes, is of crucial importance when playing for position! Often during training instructions such as “play very softly”, “average strength”, “hard’, “soft”, “lightly” and so forth can be heard. To simplify all this jargon once and for all and, at the same time, to give you an increased fe speed, here is a short series for training speed: ing for just the right All 4 balls are to be played into the marked area, and to be achie~ ved with all of them -ie. 4 times in a row. The balls do not have to touch the foot rail which allows a tole- rance of 4 diamonds! The balls may not touch each ather! As above: the same amount of tolerance is allowed- ie. the balls must roll into the area and may touch the rail (must not!) seco 2 The balls may not touch each other! Again as above, only just a littie further (speed 3)! Here, at the latest, even a proficient player must watch his stro- king straightness, since the balls, naturally, may not touch each other! SPEEDS > Hore also is a tolerance of 4 diamonds! ‘A speed stronger than speed 4 must not usually be played (ex- cept on a 9-Ball break)! The straightness is, of course, the main problem here! It is to be understood that the rails on the sides are not to be touched! | yas eg eS [oir SEIS seis ys sas a4) |ao_ameQ er. 23 sax TSB Just to demonstrate that there are not only 4 but practically more 2 eae speeds possible. @Litho-Vortag, Germany | wrx bllardbook com PAT 2 | 38