[sole OL JORGEN SANDMAN ANDREAS HUBER od Pool Billiard Workout Includes the official WPA playing ability test _ eee Cs ae a For beginners to intermediate players Used and recommended by ee rodContents LP Chapter Contents .. Prefac = tb Playing Ability Test Frontpage .. 44 Conditions and Procedure: 12 The PAT Principle .. 007 13 The Playing Ability Test (PAT 1) .. 009 14 PAT: Speed Drill . 010 15 PAT: Stroke Straightness on 16 PAT: Follow Drill. 014 47 PAT: Draw Drill 015 1.8 018 19 PAT: Large Area Position Drill... 022 1.10 PAT: Frozen Rail Drill 4M PAT: Endless Drill .. 1.12 PAT: Standard Shots 4.13 PAT: 9-Ball Situation Drill 2. Technique Training Frontpage ... 24 Speed. 22 Basic Strokes | (Stop & Replacement Shots). 039 23 Basic Strokes Il (Draw & Follow Shots) 041 24 Standard position Workout for Beginners .. 25 Shooting Accuracy for Beginners... 2.6 6-Ball and continuous Position Gam 27 Blank Copies wees 3. Training Games Frontpage 34 Equal Offence.. 3.2 Bowlliard...rerseere 3.3 Progressive X-Ball 3.4 4 Table Blanks ] © Litho-Verlag eK. Germany 2006 All rights reserved 1. Edition Printed in Germany ISBN 3-9810400-5-8 vrww.billiardbook.com © Litho-Veriag, Germany | wawibiiardbook com Allrights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers. This publication is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out or otherwise circulated without the publisher's prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published [pati] 2Preface LP What is PAT? PAT stands for “Playing Ability Test", and is much more than just a method to test the playing abilities of billiard players. Itis, in fact, a system to assess the skills that one needs to play good pool on the basis of exercises evaluated. Those skills are defined in ten sectors - ten aspects of the game. Additionally, this system may always be applied as a model to plan short, mid and long term training programs. In this notebook, printed material for further exercises and training games to record personal performances in training may be found along with the PAT exercises. Besides being helpful for preparing for the PAT, the whole purpose of this notebook is to assist him in training - that this cannot replace a (good) trainer is self understood! How to use this book’ Non proficient players, under the guidance of their trainer, start simply with the respective exercises and use Notebook 1 as a guide for their training. Choosing the exercises and games will follow by themselves, or by consulting the trainer, as well as for setting your initial goals. The PAT is only then absolved after the first cycle through all the exer up to determine further training configuration. ises has been completed - as an initial check Proficient players start with a workout of the complete PAT - picking out the first exercises comes by itself: those exercises with the worst results (least points) are dealt with primarily. According to time available for training, a 3-months-target should be set (e.g., 50% progress) and pursued till the predetermined result has been reach three times in succession (or, at least, 80% of the PAT target value). 2.x 12 altempis for each exercise (5 and 3 innings each) are designed on most of the score sheets, which makes reaching the set target average easier (5 innings excuses a “blooper” with less consequences). Since the tests actually consist of 3 innings, the second 12 attempts are presented with only 3 innings, The purpose of the training is to reach the set target three times in a row in 3 innings at the end of the 3-months period. With weekly training rounds, a single sheet could last up to 6 months if one or two exercise are absolved. ‘An exercise may, can and should be repeated as often as desired - however, only two recorded attempts should be performed to emphasise the “not-to-be-repeated character’ of these innings. Itis, in fact, recommended that this be executed witnessed (o.g., during a club training). Itis, additionally, proposed that one or two of the included games be delved with Should the set target be reached earlier than planned, the exercise and games may naturally be replaced by others. © Litho Verlag, Germany | mwabiliarabook com PaT1 | 3Preface The PAT-System was rubber-stamped and exclusively recognized by the WPA (World Pook Billiard Association) in the fall of 2004. It is hence possible to be listed together with the results of the tests among an official rankings or to acquire a corresponding performance emblem (as pictured fon the right) Through the recognition of the PAT's by the WPA, national, international and even intercontinental comparisons are only now made possible (everyone does the same tests) CAG ~~ Sport W eR WPA > SSS The grading of the above-mentioned performance emblems are classified as follows: PAT 1 600 - 799 points, PAT 1 600 - 999 points. PAT 1 1000 onwards 1. Light green 2. Dark green plus certificate PAT 2 600 - 799 points 3. Light blue PAT 2 800 - 999 points 4. Dark blue PAT 2 1000 onwards plus certificate PAT 3 550 - 699 points 5. Black PAT 3 700 - 849 points 6. Red PAT 3 850 - 999 points: 7. Gold PAT 3 1000 onwards 8, Pink Further information on the tests and color emblems as welll as dates for the PAT and the latest rankings will be found under; http:/wwwr.pat-billiard.com Wishing yau lots of luck and suecess and with many thanks. Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Huber, Dachau National Head Coach Germany EPBF Coach Europe \ /Jorgen Sandman, Maimé National Head Coach Aust EPBF Coach Europe Ralph Eckert, Mannheim Head Coach Baden-Wirttembera EPBF Coach Europe ©Ltho-Verlag, Germany | wowbiliarcbook com PAT 1 4PAT Playing Ability Test “Whatever you do, do it well or let it be” ~ Mahatma Gandhi- This part includes information on the conditions of the framework, the build up and the princip- | les of a PAT procedure, as well as the PAT itself. {| © Litho-Vertag, Germany | wwa.illiardbook.com PATI] 5Playing Ability Test (PAT) LP General conditions: To be recommended are two players to a table. Duration is then approx. 3 - 4 hours. With just one player to a lable set 2-3 hours. With 3 players to a table 6 hours should be planned . Should the players posses PAT experience, the time may be shortened, and vice versa. ‘A PAT trainer can well handle up to 6 players on three tables. A single trainer can even conduct the tests with 20 players on 10 tables - lots of experience will then be required! As a rule, an assistant for every 3 tables should be appointed. Standard printed PAT forms to be entered by hand are sufficient with up to 6 participants, With 7 or more participants, it is recommended to use the PC supported Excal tables. in which case, the assistants are to enter the printed PAT forms by hand. 9 tables (playing field: 2.54 x 1.27 m.) corresponding to WPA specifications are prescribed! While conducting an official PAT, the PAT trainer will strive to present himself (personal style in clothing and language) and the tests with an, as official as possible, character. As according to the PAT trainer's proposal, there may be either: a) _the PAT only (followed by basic commentaries), or b) __the PAT with subsequent individual training (which may be set for the following day) The PAT trainer may offer b) as an option. The participant can decide on applying for the test whether he wishes a) to remain anonymous (ust for personal training), or to participate officially (with emblem award and entry of personal results in the rankings) The best achieved results on each level of a participant will always remain listed in the rankings. Procedure: Maximum of 30 minutes warm-up time is to be granted. Table shortcomings discovered by the participants during warm-up (straightness, levelness, speed, rails, etc.) are to be reported to the PAT trainer during this time. Later complaints cannot be taken into consideration Make sure that the participants registration is complete (either done through Intemet or before the PAT event by having the participants fill out the printed forms). Every participant determines then if he/she wishes to be enlisted offically or as an anonymous player. Necessary information for an official entry consists of first name, family name, e-mail address, town/city of residence and birth date. After the to-be-performed exercise is explained, balls for the corresponding exercise shall be set up on every table! Only then shall the trainer allow the exercise to begin on all tables - simultaneously! Every participant is to complete his (3) innings ,at one go" - independent on the number of participants at each table. (On completing his inning, the participant discloses the achieved result to the assistant or to the PAT trainer. It would be ideal if the PAT trainer could concentrate on random checks and looking out for mistakes concerning the tests. In this manner exercise after exercise are absolved - breaks may be granted at his discretion After evaluating the PAT, the PAT trainer discloses the achieved results officially and presents the emblems and certificates where applicable. Finally, the fundamental explanations to each section of the test will be delivered. (© Litho- Verlag, Germany | vnweillardbook com PaTi| 6Playing Ability Test (PAT) LP At @ PAT followed by individual training, it is recommended to form groups made up of participants with the same or similar weaknesses in technique. The PAT trainer can then offer to help eliminate the deficiencies and advice on future training plans to each group. The PAT Principle As a ule each exercise are to be performed in 3 innings (exceptions: categories straightness and standard balls). The resulls of these 3 innings are added together and then divided by 3. This gives the test average for tho correspanding category. In some of the categories 2 attempts of 3 innings each are to be made (categories 5, 6 and 7). The sum of the results. from the 6 innings are accordingly divided by 6. This achieved average is then multiplied by the given factor. This results in the points and percentage value of this calegory respectively. The results are to be rounded off: more than 0.50 to 1.00 and less than 0.49 to 0.00! Equation: Achieved Average x Factor = Points (Percentage Value) Atarget value is set for each category! This target value multiplied by the given corresponding factor always equals 100 (equivalent to 100%). Should the achieved average be greater than the given target value, more than 100 (%) can be scored (the so-called acacemic overhang)! Under “Summary”, the single results are added to the last subtotal - leading to the final score in PAT. All exercises are designed so that 100% correspond to the target value. 80% is considered as “passed”, The whole test will not be considered “passed” and must be repeated if the total score does not reach 800 points. With 800 or more points (corresponds to 80% of the whole test) achieved, the next test may be taken in next higher level (ie. PAT 2) Dae Bes NE Ever doje ea talon DOM) I] Seed dal [__FSpaed dil” shows which exorcise is boing performed Target overage 3.35 | edlioved faigel volua/ overage elve achieved 30.00 320" mulled by trget valve = 100%; mulipid by achieves value = poinis Ports chieved avin core [perceragevolue Soaghnen el Speed) e2vled in 43 shols =] echioved erage of 2.5 shots out afd shots should bo reached for 100% 40.00 1301 (40.00) x orget velve (2.50) = 100, Maximum is 3x40 = 120% (ou score (n pans ond n ‘of cotegor, I) ond of he caiego 0 Fas 12 | 61 fi ecinn posible for each otemat with follow dil. Achieving i il ress in on average of 12.00. Torge sng: 9.35 [BERTH] #5 Niplios oy ho factor 9.1 gee 109% (= maumun) Trge vlue 11.00 «Factor 9.10 as 100% 9.10 [The ested carson hes 10/8/12 10= 6+ 12) =3=9.33 Subic FP. 33 9.10 = 84.9% (rounded ois 85) Drow il 4] f | s Wo+5-17 Targe! areroge: 10.00 | achieved] 47 [17-3-5,67) | Fodor: 10.00 os Pans = 7 B71 00 = 567 onding oF ST) Subools ie 57 + 65 (hom extegor 3) = 142 (wsuls hom colegores 1 and? ore misting] stho-\eriag, Germany | wa billardbook © Litho-Veriag, wt — PAT 1 tTest (PAT) _ LY Highest possible score for PAT Exercise Highest score sum 1. Speed 120 120 2. Straightness 120 240 3. Follow 109 349 4, Draw 120 469 5. Small Position 150 619 6. Large Position 180 799 7. Frozen Cushion 200 999 8. Continuous Drill 200 1.199 9. Standard Balls 150 1.349 10. Game Situations 200 1.549 Maximum score for PAT 1: 1549 ‘Anyone who reaches this score is definitely in the false PAT level! Participants who reach 800 and more points are qualified to take the PAT 2 at the next PAT event. Basically a direct registration for a PAT 2 is possible. However, if less than 600 points (light blue emblem) are reached, no awards will be granted! In such a case, an emblem of a lower level cannot be awarded! Tolerance guide line for the PAT trainer: Should a participant (in the last exercise) fall short for an emblem level by just one ball (i.e. his final results are 94, 794 or 994 points), the examiner has the right to let this participant to play three further innings before a gathered group of participants. Should this participant succeed to improve his score, these points are valid and the final score may then be corrected to 600, 800 or 1000 accordingly! © Ltho- Verlag, Germany | wewebillardbook.com PATPlaying Ability Test (PAT - 1/3) Dot: ‘Speed dell Toige ow Factor Pointe 3.33 [Adliered, 30.00 Straight dell Speed) Teipe overage 2.50 |Aahioved Factor Points Sibiowl Follow dail Torgo® ovorago: 11 00 |Aahioved: Factor 9.10 Pons Subtorel Diow del ie Foctor. Poin Subtotal ‘Small Pos dl Subic! Big Por dil i Teme’ average: 3.33. |Achioved Foctor 30.00 Poinis ~~ S.biotl: Frown Rei gal “erga average: 400 ~ Factor reins Sibel idiered| 25.00 Endless dell Maer eeesererge i) E eee sane 22.20 SifeeEi i Points TT Subtotok: afiovedl 22.99 aA bist iu Sanden Tage (UR Facer Sa Perve sot TT Sbiote 2.00. |Actisved 50,00 iid 50.00 Hilicved: 50.00 ea eT TD iO) sivaton args! osrage qu ives maa ena Raion] 22.22 Sl 2222 22.20 Riel 50.0 Aiieed OLiho-Veriag, Germany | www biliarcbook.com PAT 1 9PAT: Specd 4. Speed Drill +The target value is given with an average of 3.33! + Toaim for the maximum average of 4.0! + The Factor is 30.0! + The maximum score in this category amounts to 120 % (4.0 x 30)! ‘SUMMARY. First set balls as in diagram. Then play them one after the other with the given speed. Hitting other ball(s) and the long rail are not permitted. Commentary: The balls 1 - 4 are to be set completely and may only be shifted within the diamond segments lengthways and only on the head string. The set position may be corrected before shooting! Ball 4 on the head string between the right long rail and the first diamond of the head rail Ball 2 on the head string between the first and second diamond of the head rail Ball 3 on the head string between the second and third diamond of the head rail. Ball 4 on the head string between the left long rail and the third diamond of the head rail Should a ball enier a neighboring seginent, which it may (ie. it counts), the participant may replace it on a spot, naturally, at only the same height and not further away than to the middle of its own diamond segment, so that the next ball may not be hindered. Otherwise, the played balls remain on theirs spots til all the balls have been played. Three innings are to be played. The qualified PAT examiner enters the three achieved results in the three appropriate columns. For each ball made legally and which lands in the specified target field is one point avrarded. A maximum of 4 points can be achieved in a single inning! The maximum result would be 4 - 4 - 4! That makes an average of 4.0! The centre of the ball accounts for its position Exercise: Speed-Drill © SpeeDe ‘©Litho-Veriag, Germany | wwrw biliardbook com PAT1 1] 10Par: Straight 2. Stroke Straightness + The target value is noted with an average of 2.6 + To aim for the maximum average of 3.0 + The factor is 40.0 + The highest score for this category would then amount to 120 % (3.0 x 40) ‘SUMMARY: Straightness exercise with Speed 2 (!) (without side spin/ english). Four innings are to be played. An inning consists of three shots. How many of the three attempts are successful in average? Commentary: ‘As mentioned, 4 innings with 3 shots each are played! This means that in each of the four columns on the PAT printed form the number of successful shots from the 3 tries will be entered! The PAT trainer enters the number of successful attempts after three shots, then again after the next three, etc., or he may be given the four numbers by the participants. Itis important that, not only the straightness is maintained (the two object balls, two ball diameters apart from each other may not be hit), but also the specified Speed 2. That means, the oue ball must also came to rest in the head field to be evaluated as a proper shot. The centre of the ball accounts for its position If the tables are unsuitable for the test to be performed along three parallel lines, it may be alternatively executed three times on one lane. Exercise: Straight-Drill with Speod 21, (no side spinfenglish) Notic © Litho-Veriag, Germany | www biliardbook com PATI] i2.x 12 Units Straight and Speed ‘ Exercise: Speed-Drill ‘Sot balls as in diagram. Then play the balls with the given spaeds one after the other. Hiting other bas and the long Comments: (ais are nol permitted ‘SPEEDS SPEEDS Exercige: Stroke Straightness with Speed 2! (ne side spinienglish) Comments: An inning corresponds to one attempt al the 3 fisted balls. Haw many of tne thrae possible are made on average? SPEED? @.Liho-Veriag, Germany | wn bliardbook.com PATI | 12PAT: Follow 3. Follow Drill The target value is noted with an average of 11.0 To aim for the maximum average of 12.0 The factor is 9.10 The highest score for this calegory would then amount to 109% (12 x 9.10) ‘SUMMARY: One point for sinking each object ball and one point for each cue ball positioning. Position poinis are awarded only if the object ball is also pocketed! Place the cue ball anywhere on the specified diamond line. Making cue ball follow into the pocket is regarded as a position point! Commentary: The object balls are placed on the line of the third diamond, as according to the diagram The object balls are about half the width of the ball apart from each other and off the long rail. The PAT trainer should make sure that this is more or less fulfilled before the exercise. Three innings are played! Thus 3 x 6 balls! 12 points an inning is possible (point for sinking + point for position). Position points are awarded only if the balls are also sunk. To obtain a position point, the object ball must fall into the pocket and the cue ball must come to rest in the specified 1 - 1 diamond field or - it would be ideal - if the cue ball also drops into the corner pocket. Great confirmation for a straight and smooth stroke! ‘Should the cue ball come in contact with one of the neighboring object balls, the position point then does not count! The point for sinking the ball counts! The order in which the balls are played is arbitrary! The achieved points of each inning are entered into the corresponding calumns of the PAT printed form. Then again the average, then multiplied by the factor, and so on, Exercise: Follow Shot Drill Comments: @ Litho-Vertag, Germany | wove billardbook. com Pati] 4PAT: Draw: LP 4,4. Draw Shot Drill + The target value is noted with an average of 10.0 + To aim for the maximum average of 12.0 + The factor is 10.0 The highest score for this category would then amount to 120% (12 x 10.0) Summary: One point for making the ball and one point for position. Six points for balls made and six points for oue ball position are possible. Position points are awarded only if the balls are also sunk! How many of the 12 possible points can be reached in an inning? Place the cue ball anywhere on the specified diamond line. Cue ball must (!) contact head rail. Commentary: The object balls are placed on the line of the third diamond, as according to the diagram. The object balls are about half the width of the ball apart from each other and off the long rail The PAT trainer should make sure that this is more or less fulfilled before the exercise Three innings are played! Thus 3 x 6 balls! 12 points an inning are possible (6 points for sinking + 6 for position) Position points are awarded only if the balls are also sunk. To obtain a position point, the object ball must fall into the pocket and the oue ball must come to rest in the specified head field after hitting the head rail! Should the cue ball come in contact with one of the neighbouring object balls, the position point then does not count! The point for sinking the ball counts! In both of these cases with the object balls next to the long rails, the cue ball may make contact with those rails after hitting one of these balls. Only in both of these cases, a possible sinking of the cue ball into one of the head pockets is allowed (with position point). To prevent the not even having aitempted to execute the draw shot (to just get the points for sinking the balls by means of a stop or a follow stroke), a real draw shot attempt must be recognisable (at PAT trainer’s discretion!), otherwise, there is a danger of having the such made points deducted! The order in which the balls are played is arbitrary! Exercise: Draw Shot Drill Comments: = eee | © Litho-Vertag, Germany | vwwr.bitianddook.com PAT1 | 152x 12 Units on Follow and Draw LP Exercise: Follow Shot Drill ‘One point each For pocketing the ball and one point for postion, Position points are awarded only ifthe bas are also sunk! Comments: ting the cueball folow into the pocket is also considered as a position point! 12 points are possible each inning isle is Exercise: Draw Shot Drill 6 pois for pocketing and 6 for position are possible. Position points are onty given if objec ball is also pocketed. How Comments; many points in an inning can be averaged? Cue ball must hit the head rail Cue ball may be shifted along the given diamond line. @Litne-Veriag, Germany | wn biliardbook.com PAT1 | 165a. Small Area Position Drill 1 + The target value is given with an average of 3.33 + The maximum achievable average is 5.0 + The factor is 30.0 + The highest results of this category amounts to 150% (5.0 x 30.00) ‘SUMMARY: Semi-circle exercise: set balls as in the diagram and in that order. The cue ball must not hit any rail (or any other balls)! On contact, the innings ends and the ball made on such a shot does not count! Comments: Set up semi-circle as in the diagram (as set-up instructions the following could be given: the middle ball lies with the Point on the circumference furthest from the closer side pocket lies flush with the line of the first diamond of the short rails. Both of the balls on the sides lie with closest (towards the rail) points on their circumferences flush with the line of half a diamond on the short rails and, at the same time, also on the line joining the half diamonds next to the side pockets, Great for those who understands all this! This should be carried out at least approximately, for the diagram to make any sense.) Start with “ball in hand’! Should the cue balll scratch, the inning is over and the thus made balll does not count! The three results of the first three innings (i.e. of this exercise) are entered in the first three columns of the PAT printed form. Exercise: Small Aroa Position Drill 1 Notice: Litho-Veriag, Germany | www biliardbook.com PAT1 | 18PAT: Small Position 2 5b. Small Area Position Drill 2 + The target value is given with an average of 3.33, + The maximum achievable average is 5.0! + The factor is 30.0 + The highest results of this category amounts to 150% (5.0 x 30.00) SUMMARY: Exercise “frozen row”: as shown and in that order. All the balls are “frozen” to their neighboring balls! The ini over on hitting any other object balls and the thus pocketed ball does not count Comments: The exercise is to be performed as shown. All balls are “frozen” to their adjacent balls, the first being “frozen” to the rail. Start with “ball in hand’. The inning is over on scratching the cue ball and the object ball thus made does not count! The balls are to be played in one and the same pocket! On playing for position, the cue ball may run any number of rails! Should the last (fifth) ball nove when pocketing the first ball, that ball should be re-spotted and the inning resumed! The results of these second three innings (je. of this exercise) are to be entered in the second of the three columns, of the PAT printed form. All of the results of the six innings are to be added and then divided by six to give the achieved value of this, category. This is then to be multiplied by the factor to receive the score of this category. Exercise: Small Area Position Drill (© Litho- Veriag, Germany | vnw:.biliardoook. com