CELTA

Assignment 2
Language Related Task
Candidate Carlos Eduardo Oliveira de Almeida de Carvalho
Word count (1 submission)
st

Word count (Resubmission)

Statement of Authorship

By submitting this assignment, I declare that it represents my own work. I have not copied from the work of other
candidates, and I have not allowed or enabled others to copy from my work. In case this assignment is found to be
plagiarized, I understand it will be disqualified.

Assessment Criteria Met ✓ | Not met ✘

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4
1st Submission Resubmission 1st Submission Resubmission 1st Submission Resubmission 1st Submission Resubmission

Analysing meaning for teaching

1. purposes correctly.
Anticipating a realistic problem
2. related to meaning and providing
an appropriate suggestion.
Analysing form for teaching
3. purposes correctly.
Anticipating a realistic problem
4. related to form and providing an
appropriate suggestion.
Analysing pronunciation for
5. teaching purposes correctly.
Anticipating a realistic problem
related to pronunciation and
6. providing an appropriate
suggestion.
Correct use of terminology to
7. analyse and describe language.
Accessing reference materials
8. and referencing information.
Using written language that is
9. clear, accurate and appropriate to
the task.

Overall comments on 1st submission

Overall comments on resubmission

Pass Pass
1st Submission Resubmission
Resubmission required Fail

Resubmission date If requested, please resubmit by XX/XX/XXXX.

First marker
Second marker
Grammar 1: Multinational companies are noticing large turnover rates.

Meaning
are noticing is a Passive voice construction. It is used to express that the action is in the process of being
completed or talk about events which are in progress at the moment of speaking.

Form
be + ING verb form
Multinational companies are noticing large turnover rates

The passive voice construction is composed of the verb ‘to be’ flexed plus the main verb in ING form.

Pronunciation

are noticing large turnover rates.
/ə ˈnəʊtɪsɪŋ/
Sentence stress is placed on the Main verb’s first syllable.

Anticipated Problems & Solutions

Meaning
P: Students may confuse the verb+ing form for an adjective as in simple present ‘to be’ sentences due to it being
the first verb “tense” normally to have auxiliary+main verb.
S: Use a timeline, pictures of actions in progress, color code the structure verb to stress that the auxiliary and
main verb work together and CCQs to clarify the concept.

CCQs:

Does the action happen while we speak? (Yes)

Did the action start when we speak? (No)
Is it a completed action or an action that progresses as we speak? (An action that progresses as we speak)

Form
P: Students may forget to use the verb to be, skipping to the main verb ing form.(e.g. she going to miami)
S: Either Repeat the utterance to the point of error - stressing that the verb to be has to show up next to the
main verb - on the spot so as to avoid further wrong constructions.

Pronunciation
P: Students might insert an /ɡɪ/ in the end of /ˈnəʊtɪsɪŋ/
S: Show the mouth position when saying ‘going’, showing that the intonation goes down on ing forms last syllable
and that we neither pronounce the g sound nor insert and /ɪ/ after the it, then drill.
Grammar 2: more than 40,000 millennial (…) responses were collected

Meaning
Were collected emphasizes the action and de-emphasize the person or thing that executed the action.

Form
Be(past was/were) + Past Participle

Collected: Regular verb. Passive participle = +ed

This is a Passive Voice structure. It is used when we want to change the focus of a clause, or if the doer of the
verb is not important or not known or if we do not want to say who the doer is.

Pronunciation

more than 40,000 millennial (…) responses were collected

/ wə kəˈlektɪd /

Sentence Intonation

Anticipated Problems & Solutions

Meaning
P: Ss may confuse this construction with simple past, wrongly taking collected as a simple past form of Collect.
S: If this is Ss’s first exposure, I’d contrast this sentence with its active voice counterpart, and show the (lack of)
doer in each. Some CCQs to clarify concept.

The companies collected the responses / The responses were collected.

CCQ1: Do we use Passive voice to focus on who does the action or on the action itself? (The action itself)
CCQ2: Is the agent of the action important? (No)
CCQ3: Is the emphasis either on the agent or the action?

Form
P: Students may use was instead were.
S: Repeat the utterance to the point of error stressing the correct flexed form, highlighting that the verb to be is
flexed following the noun person.

Pronunciation
P: Ss might not pronounce the sentence intonation correctly.
S: Repeat the utterance, then drill the construction.
Lexis 1: ...by their company and their superiors.

Meaning
higher in rank or social position than others (CAMBRIGDE Dictionary)

Form
Part of Speech: Superior (Noun). Countable.

Pronunciation

/ suːˈpɪərɪə /
Stress on the second syllable

Anticipated Problems & Solutions

Meaning
P: Ss may confuse the noun meaning with the adjective counterpart.
S: Provide Marker Sentence to distinguish the homographs and synonyms/antonyms. Also, use realias to further
show

MS: The superior hardware won the competition

Synonym: Higher-ranking, Higher-ranked, senior
Antonym: Inferior, junior

realia

Form
P: Ss may write the word wrong, inserting an ‘e’ after ‘r’ in plural form.
S: Board the word, then correct it.

Pronunciation
P: Ss might pronounce / ‘suːpɜrɪə / instead of the second / suːˈpɪərɪə / due to FL interference.
S: Show the mouth position when saying /ɪə/, then drill the complete word.
Lexis 2: ...make up a huge part of our workforce...

Meaning
Make up is the combination of things that form a bigger collective (CAMBRIDGE Dictionary Online), a group of
different combinations (MacMillian) or something that is constituted of different elements (Oxford Online).

Form
Phrasal Verb: Make + Up (NOT separable)

Pronunciation
 
...make up a huge part of our workforce...

/ ˈmeɪk ˈʌp /

Sentence Intonation

Anticipated Problems & Solutions

Meaning
P: Make Up has many different definitions with varied transitions. In Portuguese, it is common refer to cosmetics
as make-up (noun) just like english.
S: Provide cognate synonym ‘Constitute’(v), substituting it in the sentence. Also, ask context checking questions

“… constitutes a huge part of our workforce.”

Context Checking Question:

Are soccer teams made up of soccer players?

Form
P: Students may use the bare infinitive after the auxiliary verb(e.g. I will to go)
S: Either Repeat the utterance to the point of error stressing the ing main verb on the spot so as to avoid further
wrong constructions.

Pronunciation
P: Make-up meaning cosmetic has a stronger stress on /ˈmeɪk/ due to it being a compound noun, but the Phrasal
verb has a stronger one on the preposition Up, following the pronunciation rule.
S: Drill the correct intonation, if needed, board the phrasal verb with the visual cue on the stressed scomponent.


...make up

References

SHEPHERD, D. Portuguese Speakers in SWAN, M. & SMITH, B. (2001). Learner English – A teacher’s guide to
interference and other problems. CUP.
CARHER, D. & MCCARTTHY, M. (2006). Cambridge Grammar of English: A Comprehensive Guide. CAMBRIDGE
Penny
PARROT, M. (2000). Grammar for English Language Teachers. 2 nd edition. CAMBRIDGE
APPENDIX
RICHARDS, J. C and FARRELL, S. C. T. (2001). Practice Teaching: A Reflective Approach. Chapter 9: Developing
Learner-Centred Teaching. CUP.