Learning Competencies:

1.1. describe how rocks behave under different types of stress such as compression, pulling
apart, and shearing
1.2. describe the structure and evolution of ocean basins

Name of Student: ________________________ Grade and Section: ___________

Endogenic Processes (Deformation of Crust, Plate Tectonics, Continental Drift

Theory, and Seafloor Spreading) and History of the Earth.

Endogenic processes in geology are a function of a body’s internal geodynamic

activity. They comprise volcanic, tectonic, and isostatic processes, which shaped the
surfaces of all terrestrial planets, the Moon, and basically all other Solar System bodies
with solid surfaces that have been observed in some detail. Understanding the different
endogenic processes also helps in understanding the importance of the layers of rock at
Earth’s surface, which contain evidence of the evolutionary processes undergone by the
Earth. By studying this rock record from the very beginning, it is possible to trace the
development and the resultant changes on Earth through time. These are the methods
to determine the changes that occur on Earth: Relative dating, Absolute dating, Fossils
and with the use of Geologic Time Scale for the representation of evolution of Earth.

A. The following is your task for this activity:

1. Log on to the internet and visit the following website:

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/crust/
https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/1485-relative-dating
https://www.thoughtco.com/stenos-laws-or-principles-1440787
https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/1486-absolute-dating
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/education/explorations/tours/geotime/guide/geologictime
scale.html
https://geology.com/time.htm
Genyolm.com – study the handout attached in your account about History of Earth

2. Answer the following:

a. Differentiate relative dating from absolute dating. (2 points)

b. What are the four Steno’s Laws of Stratigraphy? (4 points)

c. What are the four types of Unconformity? (4 points)

d. Differentiate parent isotope from daughter isotope. (2 points)

e. What are the different Radiometric - Dating Techniques used in determining the age
of a rock? (4 points)

f. What is an index fossil? (1 point)

g. Create your one version of a geologic time scale that will present the significant
events that occurred in the history of Earth. (8 points)