Triangles Triangles wig 2 _ Competency Based Questions + Multiple Choice Questions 1. O is a point on side PQ of a APQR such that PO = QO = RO, then (@) RS&=PRxQR — (H) PRE+QR?= PO? (6) OR? = QO? + ROP (a) PO? + ROP = PRE Ans, (b) PR? + QR? = PQ? 2. In ABC, DE || AB, If CD = 3m, EC =4.em, BE = 6 cm, then DA is equal to (@) 75cm (b)3cm (45m (bem Ans, (0) 45cm 3. ABC is an equilateral A of side a. Its area will be mFe 8, @ 82 @% 1 7 z 2 Ans. (a) 8,2 4, Ina shuare of side 10 em, its diagonal = (15 () 102 (20 (12 Ans. @) 10/Zem Baru vectangle Leng = 6 eng eal «rem “Then its diagonal is (a 9m (by dem (ce) Wem (d) 12cm Ans, () 10cm na thombus if f= 16cm, dy = 12 mits aren = (a) 16 * 12 cm? (b) 96 cm? (9) 8 * 6 cm? (@) 144 om? Ans. (b) 96 cm? 7, Ina thombus if dy =16 em, d, = 12.cm, then the length ofthe side‘of the shombus is (a 8cm— (H) 9em_—(} 10 cm_— 12cm Ans. () 10cm si 8 IF in two ss ABC and DEF, 8B DE" FE ED (0) AABC~ ADEF ——(b) AABC ~ AEDF SA then (@ AABC ~ AEFD. ‘Ans, (d) ABC ~ ADFE (@) ABC ~ ADFE 9. tis given that AABC ~ ADEF and P= 2. Then MUADED. is equal to ar(aac) * °! i ws 6s OF Wt ‘Ans. (b) 25 10. In ZBAC = 90° and AD 1 BC. Then (a) BD.CD = BC? * (b) AB.AC = BC? (©) BD.CD = AD? (d) ABAC= AD? ‘Ans. (e) BD.CD = AD? 4 11. D and E are respectively the points on the sides AB and AC of a triangle ABC such that AD =2.cm, BD = 3m, BC =75 cmand DE || BC. Then, length of DE (in em) is 25° 3 (5 not similar to ‘Ans. (b) 3 12. If ABC ~ ADEF and AAB ADEF then which of the following is not true? (@) BCEF=ACFD — (b) ABED = ACDE (@ BCDE = ABFD (¢) BC.DE = ABEE ‘Ans. (9) BCDE = ABEE 13. If in two triangles DEF and POR, 2D = 2Q and (2R= £E, then which ofthe following isnot true? ) PEE QR RP EDF Bm (9 PE_DE © QR PQ DE _ Be Ans. (0) SR aeaxPRO) Be La 14. If AABC ~ APQR, at gy then ar(BCA) 9 3 1 w1/9 Ans. (a) 9 7 SHABC)_9 45 = 19 cm an 15. If AABC ~ AQRP, ‘arfPOR)” 4” AB = 18 id BC = 15 cm, then PR is equal to 20 (a) 20cm (6) em (Fem () Sem Ans, (a) 10 em 16, If in triangles ABC and DEF, they will be similar, if (0) 2B = Ze (9) B= 2D Ans. (9 2B = 2D AB_BC DE FD’ Za=20 (d) ZA= FE + Assertion-Reason Questions Direction: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: (@) Both Assertion (A) & Reason (R) are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) (®) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (0) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false. (@ Assetion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true. 1. Assertion: If in a ABC, a line DE || BC, intersects ‘AB in D and AC in E, then AB_ AC AD” AE Reason: I line is drawn parale to one side ofa triangle intersecting the other bo sides, then the ‘other fo sides are dividend in the same ratio, Ans. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Explanation Its Thal's Theorem Given. DE || BC A = BEAMS tence proved) 2. Asetion ABC ~ ADEE such hat (ABC) = Aber and afQDDEF) ~49 em? then, AB DE = 6:7 Reason If SABC ~ ADEF, then QABC)_ ABE _ AC? _ ACE ar(ADEF) DE* EF? DF® ‘Ans. (a) Both A and Rare true and R is the correct eopaetion tL: asc) _ Ast lanation: As we know, = bas IMADEF) ~ DE? AB:DE=6:7 BE 3. Assertion: ABC is an isosceles triangle right angled of C, then AB?= 2AC2 Reason: In right AABC, right angled at 6, AG = AB Y BC a2 ‘Ans, (a) Both A and R aze tue and R is the correct explanation of A. Explanation: nan srs AABG right angled at Cis \C? + BC? [Using pythagoras theorem [er AC= BC 4. Assertion: Two similar triangles are always congruent. Reason: If the areas of two similar triangles are ‘equal then the triangles are congruent. Ans. (i) Assetion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true. Explanation: All conguent figures are similar but the sila figures need not to be congruent 5, Assertion: In the AABC, AB = 24cm, BC= 10cm and ‘AC = 26cm, then ABC is aright angle triangle. Reason: If in two triangles, their corresponding angles are equal, then the triangles are similar. ‘Ans, (0) Both A and are true but Ris not the correct explanation of A. Explanation: AB? + BC? = (24) + (10°= 576 + 100, CI A6TACE 7A + BCE= ACE Hence, ABC isa right angled tangle ‘Abo, two triangle are similar if their corresponding angles are equal + Case Based Questions 1. Vijay is trying to find the average height of a tower near his house. He is using the properties of similar triangles. The height of Vijay's house 20 m when Vijay’s house casts a shadow 10m Tong on the ground. At the same time, the tower ‘casts a shadow 50 m long on the ground and the house of Ajay casts 20 m shadow on the ground. = viiy’s Tower = ‘lay’s Roce (0 What is the height ofthe tower? (a) 20m (50m {) 100 m_ (0) 200 m ‘Ans. (2100 m = io Explanation: 2 =52 [similar As Property nw = r=10m GQ4asvd AQNALIAWOOD(di) What will be the length of the shadow of the ee iaeshife habe ousne walon irae (75m es | ' () 45m 7 8 an | | Ans. (d) 60m Woy rows snation: © = 100 Similar As property Explanation: = = 18 {Similar As propery = +260m ii) What is the height of Ajay’s house? (30m (40m (50m (20m Ans. (b) 40m Explanation: From point (9 and point (i), = y=40m 710 (iv) When the tower casts a shadow of 40 m. Atsame time what will be the length of the shadow of ta wn | Ben 8 joe | | Qsm =r Ans, (a) 16 m Tae ‘Aiay’s Mouse Ppt: 2 amet» web (0) When the tower casts a shadow of 40 m, same time what will be the length of the shadow of Vijay's house? 4 (15m 32m { (16m (8m | @8m vb 5 Bxplanat IL Rohan wants to measure the distance of a pond during the visit to his native place. He marks points A and B on the opposite edges of a pond ‘as shown in the figure below. To find the distance between the points, he makes a rightangled triangle using rope connecting B with another point C which are at distance of 12m, connecting C to point D at a distance of 40 m from point C and the connecting D to the point A which is are a distance of 30 m from D such that ZADC = 90°, ( Which property of geometry will be used to find the distance AC? (0) Similarity of triangles () Thales’ Theorem uw = a = = mR = i 2 Ans. (6) Pythagoras’ Theorem (d) Arca of similar triangles ‘Ans, (e) Pythagoras’ Theorem (di) What is the distance AC? (a 50m (12m (100m (7m Ans, (a) 50m Explanation: AC? = AD? + CD? 10+ (40? {By Pythagoras’ theorem 5 AC* 500 AC=50m (Gil) Which of the following does not form a Pythagoras’ triplet? (a) (7,24, 25) (0 @.12,13) ‘Ans. (a) (21, 20,28) Explanation: 21,20, 28 Because 2+ 202 = (sy? Here, 841 = 057 (to) Find the length AB? () (15,8, 17) (@ (21, 20, 28) = 481 + 400 = (28)? (12m (38m (50m) 100m ‘Ans. (b) 38 m Explanation: AC-BC= AB. AB=50-12=38m. (0) Find the length of the rope used. (@) 120m (7m (82m (2M Ans, (¢) 82m Explanation: 30+ 40+12=82m IIL A scale drawing of an object is the same shape as the object but of different size. The scale of the drawing is a comparison of the length used on the drawing to the length it represents. The scale is written as a ratio. The ratio of two corresponding sides in similar figures is called the scale factor. Seale factor = lengthinimage corresponding lengthinabject If one shape can become another using revising, then the shapes are similar. Hence, two shapes are similar when one can become the other after a resize, flip, slide or turn. In the photograph below showing the side-view of a train engine. Scale factor is 1 : 200, This means that a length ‘of 1 cm on the photograph above corresponds to a Tength of 200 em or 2 m, of the actual engine. The scale can also be written as the ratio of two lengths. (i If the length of the model is 11 em, then the overall length of the engine in the photograph above, including the couplings (mechanism used (6) 220 em (¢) 220m (f) 22m Ans, (d) 22m Explanation: 11cm «200m =2200 cm 22, =(ii) What will affect the similarity of any 2 polygons? (a) They are flipped horizontally (W) They are dilated by a scale factor (0) They are translated down (@) They are not the mirror image of one another. Ans. (d) They are not the mirror image of one another. (Gi) What isthe actual width of the door ifthe width ‘of the door in photograph is 0.35 cm? (@) 07m (b) O7 em (8 007 em(d) 007m ‘Ans. (a) 0.7 m Explanation: Tem = 200m (035em * 20em=7Dem= Ze = 07 m (a) Ie two similar triangles have a sale factor 5:3 which statement regarding the two triangles i true? (a) The ratio of their perimeters is 15 :1 (6) Their altitudes have a ratio 25 : 15 (6) Their medians have a ratio 10 4 (@) Their angle bisectors have a ratio 11:5 ‘Ans, (b) Their altitudes have a ratio 25 : 15 (©) The length of AB in the given figure is: (a) 8om a oem sf (dom * (@ 10cm Le Ans. (¢) 4m 7 q am Explanation: In ABC and AADE, Using Thales Theorem, 5 =3=2 1V. Raman is stitching a kite shaped patch on the cushion cover. Few questions came to his mind ‘while stitching the patch. Give answers to his {Questions by looking at the figure: Ee (@ Raman stitched the white thread at what angles to ‘each other? @ 3" Ans. (¢) 9° (Gi) Which is the correct similarity criteria applicable for smaller triangles in the upper part ofthis kite? (a) RHS (5) AAA (SSA) SAS ‘Ans. (d) SAS (Gi) Sides of two similar triangles are in the ratio 2:9 ‘The corresponding altitudes of these triangles are in the ratio (2:3 (2:9 Ans. (0) 2:9 (io) Triangles stitched at the tail of the kite are congruent to each other and are similar to the lower part of the kite in the ratio 2: 9. If onesie of the smaller triangle is of 4 cm, then the ‘corresponding side of the kite’s lower triangle will be (@) Bem (Bem (9 Bem (Sem 6 (gr (120 (©) 81:16 (@) 16:81 ‘Ans. (@) 18cm Beplantn: Ungar anc Ze 2 them (v) What is the area of the kite formed by two perpendicular strings of length 8 and 12 em? (a) 48 cm? (b) 14 cm? (c) 24 cm? (d) 96 cm? ‘Ans. (a) 48 cm? Bana A(8)* 2 thighs 128 den? \V. Kunal crossed the Truss bridge. He thought about the need of Truss bridge. Truss bridges have supporting structures constructed in triangular shapes. Triangles are used in supporting the structure of the bridges because they evenly distribute the weight without changing the proportions. When force is applied on a rectangular shape, it will flatten out. He thought about triangles and about their similar properties. (0 Equitateral triangle has all sides equal. What is the measure ofeach angle of such tangle? (a) 30° (b) 60" wr wa" ‘Ans. (b) 60° (i) Which isnot the coorect similarity criteria for the to similar triangles? (a) AAA Similarity (0) 885 Similarity ‘Ans. (d) RHS Similarity (Gi) The height ofan equilateral triangle of side 1Zemis: (H) SAS Similarity (@ RHS Similarity (a) V3) NB) 6B) BV ‘Ans. (c) 6v3 cm Explanation: Area of Equilateral A= “2 (a? 8 3 Spay Berne ine a8 iso, Arg. aye 2 xB S68 F2«AD AD= 68 Ge) ifsteeis deownparlial io rw cipal a lang tenure er lr becaloa dnt pal iin cline te lg mnscectid is etme tao thls theorem called (a) Pythagoras theorem (0) Thated theorem (BP-T) (c) Converse of Thales’ theorem {9 Converse of Pythagoras theorem {0) Tater theorem (PT) In ABC and ADEF itis given that AE (a) 2B= ZE (b) ZA= 2D (9 2B= 2D Ans. (9 Be 2D Ans. BC, then © me GQ4asvd AQNALIAWOOD