Lanusa, Glaire Joy C.
/ 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3
TITLE
Investigating the use of
innovative mobile pedagogies
for schoolaged students: A
systematic literature review
DCIT21 Introduction to Computing
DURATION/ NUMBER OF PAPERS
REVIEWED
Fifty seven high quality articles
published between 2010 and 2017
meeting the stringent selection
criteria
OBJECTIVE/ RESEARCH QUESTIONS/
GAPS
OBJECTIVE:
The empirical evidence
surrounding innovative
technology-enhanced-learning
practices in K-12 education is at
best patchy. This study seeks to
address this problem by
investigating innovative mobile
learning pedagogies for school-
aged learners, including the
extent to which these approaches
may be disruptive to traditional
school structures and practices. It
adopts a rigorous Systematic
Literature Review (SLR)
methodology to interrogate this
phenomenon
RESEARCH QUESTION:
1. What do innovative and
disruptive mobile pedagogies for
school-aged learners look like?
2. To what extent do innovative
mobile pedagogies disrupt
structures and practices of
teaching and learning for school-
aged learners?
GAPS:
We may not have captured all
papers in the area, due to limited
numbers of synonyms and
publication date constraints. We
may also have missed papers that
detailed high quality research
because the journal in which they
were published did not meet our
pg. 1
 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3

quality selection criteria. Also, to

manage the large numbers of
papers that emerged from the
original search (208 papers), we
did not include recently published
scholarly conference papers in our
search. However, the 57 papers in
our final selection provided a
comprehensive and trustworthy
set of data on innovation in mobile
learning.

We recognise that interpretations

of innovation, and the extent to
which a practice is new or
impactful, ultimately depends on
one's perception and context
(Caldwell, 2018). To address this
issue before analysing the data in
this study, the research team held
numerous (10–15) lengthy
discussions informed by relevant
literature to reach consensus on
our collective understanding of
key concepts relevant to this
paper, such as ‘innovation’ and
‘disruption’, and ‘traditional’ and
‘progressive’ practices. These
discussions, as well as inter-
researcher checking procedures,
helped avoid inevitable bias in
relation to researchers'
judgements when selecting and
rating papers in this SLR. However,
we acknowledge that these
ratings were ultimately subjective
and lacked input from other
voices such as those of teachers,
school leaders and especially
learners themselves. Hence, future
studies could be informed by other
stakeholders' perceptions of
notions such as ‘innovation’ and
‘disruption’.

DCIT21 Introduction to Computing pg. 2

 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3
METHODOLOGY (Data
gathering & Analysis and
Techniques)
3.1. Search strategy
We took the following steps in
order to thoroughly search for
the relevant studies:
1. Derived key search terms
arising from the Research
Questions;
2. Identified possible
replacement terms for our key
search terms, as used in
published literature;
3. Constructed a search string
from the resulting terms,
connected using Boolean
operators;
4. Selected a range of online
databases for searching;
5. The string was applied on
abstracts;
6. The searches were open for
dates from 2010 to 2017;
7. Managed the search
findings using an annotation
program.
3.2. Study selection
Once all the results were
obtained from the online
databases, duplicate citations
were discarded. The quality of
the publications
was ensured by checking the
SCImago journal ranking (SJR)
and excluding papers from
journals that were not placed
in the top two quartiles. Any
irrelevant papers that were
retrieved due to poor
DCIT21 Introduction to Computing
REMARKABLE FINDINGS
The results of this SLR indicate that
while innovative research is
occurring with mobile learning,
the innovation lies on a
continuum (see Fig. 3) with most
studies showing either low or
medium innovation. Valuable
insights are derived from these
results, for example indicating
that disruption is not highly
feasible in most practices and
that support for sustaining
innovations is likely to be more
productive in achieving effective
student learning outcomes. This
recommendation aligns with
Jordan’s (2011) discussion of the
complexity and messiness of
teaching and the slow rate of
change noted in adoption of
educational technologies for
teaching and learning. These
insights are useful for policy-
makers, researchers, curriculum
developers and education
stakeholders generally.
FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS
Given the importance of the debate
on use of mobile pedagogies
currently occurring, future studies
should examine what sort of mobile
learning activities are feasible under
the constraints of current schooling
systems. We also encourage further
studies on what other ‘feasible
innovative mobile pedagogies’ might
look like, across a range of contexts.
As noted above, the voice of learners
is largely lacking in this SLR and it
would be beneficial to know what
learners’ views and concerns are.
Additionally, a SLR that focused on
the seamless nature of learning
facilitated by mobile learning would
be interesting. There was a major
emphasis in the SLR on formal
contexts (see Figs. 1 and 2), with few
studies emphasising mobile learning
across contextual boundaries. It is
likely that the number of such studies
will increase in the future and a SLR
that captures such activities would
provide rich information on an
important affordance of mobile
learning.
Finally, the innovative characteristics
of activities encouraged by mobile
learning lead to a questioning of
current curricula, their structures and
related high stakes testing regimes.
While such questioning is only relevant
at the disruptive side of the
continuum, an increase in activities
that fall into the disruptive category
should challenge the nature of
curriculum and student outcomes,
and teacher and student roles. Given
that currently few activities are in this
pg. 3
 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3

performance of search category, this questioning may not be

engines were excluded by needed for a while. It is interesting
reading their titles and however, to consider what learning
abstracts. The initial search for school-aged learners might look
and selection process is
like in the future if such disruption
summarised in Table 1.
becomes more common (Schuck, et
The included papers were al., 2018).
given an identification number
(1–208). If more than one
paper was subsequently found
to be describing results from
the same empirical study, the
papers were treated as one
study and given one
identification number.

Following the initial search and

selection process, the
remaining papers were filtered
with the criteria described in
Table 2. The

selection process was carried

out by the research team using
a rigorous procedure. Pairs of
project team members
applied the

selection criteria to the

abstracts of all papers
included in the search results.
Issues related to selection of a
paper were resolved

through inter-researcher
discussions at team meetings.
Any remaining questions were
resolved by reading the full
text of the paper.

Different team members

randomly checked among the
results to reduce selection bias.

Following this reading of

abstracts, 72 papers had
passed through all inclusion
criteria checks and were
made available for full

text review. The papers were

then assessed for inclusion by
having pairs of researchers

DCIT21 Introduction to Computing pg. 4

 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3

read the full text to determine

whether:

1. Convincing evidence was

presented and methodology
was rigourous, that is the
quality was assessed as high
(see section 3.3 below);

2. The paper showed

evidence-based benefits to
learners (affective, cognitive
etc.);

3. Pedagogical
strategies/interventions were
identified;

4. A pedagogical innovation
was presented.

If any of these criteria was not

met, the paper was excluded.
Any issues were resolved
through discussions involving
the whole

team.

3.3. Study quality assessment

and data extractions

The next step was to ensure the

quality of the included papers.
We assessed the quality of
each paper on following
criteria:

1. Publication outlet: The SJR

value of the journal was
assessed to rank the included
articles;

2. Impact: Google scholar or

Scopus citation count along
with the year of publication
was used to assess the impact
of the study;

3. Research methodology.
Clear research aims, research
questions, data collection
methodology, data analysis
and results.

DCIT21 Introduction to Computing pg. 5

 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3

The final quality assessment

outputs were peer reviewed by
the team members to ensure
the inclusion of best evidence.
At the

conclusion of this process there

were 57 articles selected as
being suitable for inclusion in
this systematic review (see
Appendix A for

full list of 57 articles).

Three types of data extractions

were carried out on this final
set of articles:

1. General attributes: The

general attributes included
title, year of publication,
authors, publication outlet,
geographical location

(location in which the study

was conducted);

2. Context: The context and

the details of how the study
was implemented;

3. Findings: The information

required to answer the
research questions, i.e. the
evidence presented of
innovative pedagogies and

benefit to learners.

3.4. Criteria for innovative

studies

Having identified the 57 articles

as showing innovation in some
way and meeting all the
required criteria, the next step
was to

determine the level of

innovation or disruption that
each article presented. This
was assessed by investigating
the level of innovation

DCIT21 Introduction to Computing pg. 6

 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3

of each of the following factors

or elements of learning. These
four factors were derived from
the discussion of innovation
suggested

by the literature:

A. The purpose of learning (e.g.

the curriculum; learning
objectives, etc) and/or the
nature of the task/activity
and/or the embeddedness of
mobile learning;

B. The context of the learning

(e.g. the place or time in which
learning is undertaken;
pedagogical practices;
mode);

C. The role of the

teacher/educators and their
relationship with the students
(didactic; involving
communities other than
school);

D. The role of the learner

(agency, passive).

DCIT21 Introduction to Computing pg. 7

 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3
TITLE
A systematic literature review
and analysis on mobile apps in
m-commerce: Implications for
future research
DCIT21 Introduction to Computing
DURATION/ NUMBER OF PAPERS
REVIEWED
After categorization, 11
qualitative conceptual studies
and 73 quantitative empirical
studies were identified.
Content categorization was
conducted on studies of mobile
apps published between 2009
and 2018 in the business journals
listed in the Journal Citation
Reports.
OBJECTIVE/ RESEARCH
QUESTIONS/ GAPS
OBJECTIVE:
This study aims to organize and
classify literature on mobile apps
in m-commerce and assess the
state of the art in order to
facilitate future research.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS:
No research questions
GAPS:
Previous studies on branded
apps have focused on how the
apps affect the brand image
and customer purchase
intentions, such as continued use
of the branded apps increased
future spending by providing an
interactive engagement with the
brand on a habitual basis (Kim et
al., 2015). Content analysis
revealed that global brands
employ customization
engagement attributes
(vividness, novelty, motivation,
control, customization,
feedback, and multi-platforming)
in their branded apps (Kim et al.,
2013). Free branded apps were
found to attract more users and
strengthen the brand image
(Stocchi et al., 2017).
Most of the studies focused on
the brand image and influence
on sales, yet there are relatively
few studies that examine the
impact of branded apps on
positioning and differentiation
strategies of the brand.
pg. 8
 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3

Most of the studies on branded

apps were carried out in retail,
banking and hotel contexts such
as the impact of retail apps on
positive WOM (Kang and Kim,
2015), how mobile augmented
reality shopping apps enhance
the shopping experience
(Dacko, 2017), how perception in
usage and demographic
characteristics of users affect
mobile banking app adoption
(Veríssimo, 2016), and usage
intention of apps in a hotel
booking environment (Ozturk et
al., 2016). Studies in other
contexts such as automotive, fast
moving consumer goods, and
delivery services are relatively
scarce despite the real-business
situation in which apps are also
widely adopted in the above
mentioned industries.

For literature on revenue-

generating apps, monetary
value of apps has been widely
studied such as mobile app-
bundling strategy (Wan et al.,
2017), customers’ lifetime value in
app business model (Voigt and
Hinz, 2016), in-app purchase
intention (Hsiao and Chen, 2016),
and inapp advertising (Hao et
al., 2017). Gaming apps are one
of the most commonly examined
contexts due to the prominence
of gaming apps in the global
app market with the highest
download rate and largest
revenue generated among all
app categories (Rauschnabel et
al., 2017b;Tang, 2017b). Other
contexts studied include mobile
social apps (Gong et al., 2018),
food delivery apps (Lee et al.,
2017), and video and music
streaming (Oyedele and
Simpson, 2018). Studies in

DCIT21 Introduction to Computing pg. 9

 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3
METHODOLOGY (Data gathering
& Analysis and Techniques)
A systematic review process was
followed to ensure the validity
and reliability of our research
(see Fig. 1).
First, searching was performed
using the Google Scholar search
engine using the keywords
“mobile apps” or “apps”, “apps
business”,“apps marketing”. As
the field of research in mobile
apps is quite new, the time frame
of the publications was from 2009
to 2018. Start year 2009 was
picked because Apple’s app
store was launched on July 10,
2008 and mobile apps have
been widely adopted since then
DCIT21 Introduction to Computing
REMARKABLE FINDINGS
The systematic classification of
this literature with key insights
highlighted should help
practitioners to understand
mobile apps from a wider
perspective and drive their
business forward by leveraging
the trend of mobile apps as
follows:
6.1. Leverage the app trends
and gain new promotion/
business opportunities
Our study sends a signal to
practitioners that mobile apps
are overtaking traditional
platforms. Branded apps are
revenue-generating apps mainly
focused on technical levels such
as how to generate more profit
and increase customer
engagement. Yet relatively few
studies investigated the strategic
level such as how to create
sustainable competitive edge to
outperform the competitors.
For both of the studies in
branded apps and revenue-
generating apps, customer
responses are the major stream.
In the coming section, customer
motivation, attitudes and
behaviors in using mobile apps
are reviewed in detail grounded
on cognitive (think), affective
(feel) and conative (do)
perspectives.
FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS
The present literature synthesis
highlights potential research
opportunities. Based on our in-
depth content and scope
classification, researchers can
develop concepts and models
that help practitioners execute
practices in using mobile apps.
The empirical results summed up
in this study should serve as a
credible and reliable source of
reference when practitioners
develop their own strategies.
pg. 10
 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3
(Apple Inc,2008). Studies in the
commerce and marketing
literature were selected articles in
other fields such as
learning/education/social
science, medical/fitness/health
care, and engineering/computer
science were excluded so that
this study could provide highly
relevant insights to business
scholars and practitioners.
Among the app studies available
in the commerce and marketing
contexts, journal papers listed in
the Journal Citation Reports
(JCR) were selected.
Conference proceedings, books
and articles, and papers which
were not published in the JCR list
were excluded to assure the
findings analyzed in this paper
were credible and reliable.
Among the selected JCR journal
papers, categorization was
conducted to verify whether the
literature identified was relevant
to mobile apps. Articles that
mentioned the term “apps” but
their focus of the study was in
other areas were excluded.
Exclusion scope 1: Some studies
examined social media such as
Facebook. Since Facebook has
both desktop and app versions,
and the study focused on social
media usage rather than on the
app itself, meant such studies
were excluded.
Exclusion scope 2: Big
data/digital marketing. The term
“apps” was mentioned in the
paper because apps were one
of the tools to collect big
data/perform digital marketing.
The focus of those papers was
not on
DCIT21 Introduction to Computing
transforming not only promotion
routines but the operational
modules in the banking, finance
and retail industries. It highlights
how capable apps have
become, and practitioners
should be aware how these core
experiences will become
increasingly prominent on their
business. Findings show gaming
apps account for the highest
percentage in terms of
download and revenue across
the entire app market.
Practitioners in other industries
can consider leveraging the
trend in mobile gaming apps
and capitalize on them such as
organizing joint events with
gaming apps, increasing the in-
app advertising in games, or use
gamification to introduce new
products or educate the
customers.
6.2. Understand customer
motivation and response to drive
higher engagement and
retention
App developers who target
different types of users for
different purposes are keen to
know how to attract targeted
users, retain current users and
encourage them to recommend
their apps to others. This study
sums up and highlights the key
factors of motivation, attitudes
and behaviors of app users. In
particular, hedonic, utilitarian
and social values are the key
antecedents to continued
usage, retention and
recommendation behavior as
revealed in abundant empirical
studies. The perceived benefits
for users affect satisfaction and
loyalty toward the company,
which in turn affects purchases
pg. 11
 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3
apps, however, so such studies
were excluded.
Exclusion scope 3:
Mobile/smartphone usage. Some
papers discussed mobile
phone/smartphone behavior
such as privacy concerns using
smartphones. The major focus
was not on apps usage so they
were also excluded.
Eighty-four journal papers were
finally selected. An evaluation
grid was generated by
categorizing the studies of
mobile apps in terms of the
respective study type, research
methodology, theme, and key
constructs. Content analysis and
summarization were used to
identify the key findings.
DCIT21 Introduction to Computing
and word-of-mouth
recommendations.
6.3. Optimize business by
identifying the right monetization
model and best practices in
apps
From this study, practitioners can
understand how apps monetize
through various revenue-
generating models including
paid, freemium, paidmium and
in-app advertising models.
Determining the best practices
and effectively targeting the
audience, practitioners should
consider the characteristics,
values and functions of these
models to maximize their
customer acquisition and profit-
making potential. Customer
relationship management (CRM),
for example, can also be
optimized by apps to collect user
information, generate product
recommendations, and enhance
engagement with loyal
customers. Companies can also
consider utilizing apps in
facilitating product innovation
and development by
understanding customers’
purchase history, consumer
preference, and decision making
processes. Apps can thus be
regarded as value-added tools
to serve customers better,
thereby leading to increased
sales and improved profitability
pg. 12
 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3
TITLE
Mobile applications in crisis
informatics literature: A
systematic review
focus on mobile apps in disaster
DCIT21 Introduction to Computing
DURATION/ NUMBER OF PAPERS
REVIEWED
This review uses a scoping
process to identify and analyse
49 crisis informatics articles that
situations.
OBJECTIVE/ RESEARCH
QUESTIONS/ GAPS
OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of the review was to
find research opportunities for
mobile apps in the crisis
informatics literature. Unlike other
systematic literature typologies,
in scoping reviews, the research
questions are allowed to be
generic.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS:
What purpose do mobile apps
serve in disaster situations?
What are the roles of the public
when using these apps?
In which stage of the disaster
management cycle do the apps
contribute?
GAPS:
there are still research gaps in
advancing complex interaction
between public and authorities
through these built-for-disaster-
purpose apps. To ensure that
these apps will be valuable to
the public-at-large there are
three fundamental areas of
further research needed: (1)
engagement with apps before
the disaster response stage, (2)
public role, behaviour, and
motivation towards apps use,
and (3) usability of mobile apps.
pg. 13
 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3
METHODOLOGY (Data gathering
& Analysis and Techniques)
This review used the ‘scoping’
typology. Scoping reviews, also
known as mapping reviews, aim
to frame the nature of existing
literature on a particular topic
[63]. Scoping reviews have been
conducted and accepted in the
information systems field. For
example, Sjøberg et al. [83] and
Venkatesh et al. [88] published
well-cited scoping studies that
have helped frame the literature
in their respective fields of
software engineering and
technology adoption [43,63]. The
scoping review usually starts at a
broad level, follows the research
trend and develops
inclusion/exclusion criteria to
scope the size and nature of a
particular topic [43,63]. This study
followed Arksey and O’Malley's
[8] five-step scoping review
process: (1) defining the research
question, (2) identifying relevant
studies, (3) selection of articles,
(4) charting the data, and (5)
analysing and collating the
results
DCIT21 Introduction to Computing
REMARKABLE FINDINGS
The findings from this review
answer the following questions.
What purpose do mobile apps
serve in disaster situations? The
articles revealed five thematic
purposes for built-for-disaster-
purpose apps: Crowdsourcing,
Supporting collaboration,
Alerting and providing
information, Collating
information, and Notifying. What
interactions do the mobile apps
foster? The disaster apps
promote different interaction
dynamics between one and
many. However, the largest
proportion of apps focused on
the oneto-many authority centric
flow. What are the roles of the
public when using these apps?
The review also saw that the
public has multiple roles as users
of mobile apps during disaster
events; the roles of the public
can be as victims, information
receivers, in-situ sensors, or as
offsite volunteers. In which stage
of the disaster management
cycle do the apps contribute?
Mobile apps can assist in various
parts of the disaster
management cycle, but the
majority of the apps discussed in
the articles covered in this review
are designed for the response
stage.
FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS
First, future research needs to
acknowledge that apps used
during disasters can be general-
purpose or built-for-disaster-
purpose. As such, research on
engaging the public to use apps
before disaster occurrence has
two general directions: (a)
integrating disaster management
capacities into general-purpose
apps, as well as (b) attracting
interest and retaining continued
use for built-for-disaster-purpose
apps.
Second, the use of social
technologies such as social
media and mobile apps are
already integrated into our
societal structure. Research on
mobile apps for crisis informatics
must acknowledge the current
authority-centric communication
paradigm but also the recent
changes to a more citizen-
centric communication. To fully
realise the potential of mobile
apps for disasters, it is important
that future research engages in
citizen-centred studies to gain
more insights into users’ needs,
motivations, expectations,
experiences, and limitations
when using disaster apps.
Third, the majority of the literature
has focused on data-oriented
and communication-oriented
functionalities. However, just as
significant, as these two
orientations, is the presentation
and visualisation of information in
pg. 14
 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3

the mobile apps’ interface. In the

dynamic disaster environment,
the usability of these disaster
apps is critical. Research is
needed to investigate and
ensure the usability of mobile
apps for disasters.

What is your favorite article (choose from paper 1 to 5) and why?

My favorite article is paper no.4 entitled “A systematic literature review and analysis on mobile apps
in m-commerce: Implications for future research” because I find it more relevant for me since I’m one of
those peoples who always use mobile apps. Its also more interesting because a lot of people already had
a glimpse of what’s happening between mobile apps in m-commerce. I think it’s a lot relatable for me too
since mobile applications will be a part of studying this course that’s why it makes me more curious.

DCIT21 Introduction to Computing pg. 15

 Lanusa, Glaire Joy C. / 202010063 / BSCS 1-1 / September 04, 2020 / Written Work #3

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