UNIT II

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Body types or Physique Classification distinguish
certain physiological and personality traits.

Good Physique boosts an individual morale and

self-confidence.
On the other hand, people who does not have good
physique are more conscious and have low self-
esteem.
William Sheldon, an American psychologist known for his
theory on associating physique with personality and
delinquency.
Ernst Kretschmer, a German psychiatrist who proposed the
types of physique similar to Sheldon's classification. Namely
• Asthenic (thin, small, weak)
• Athletic (muscular, large-boned)
• Pyknic (stocky, fat)
ECTOMORPH
Lean, slim, shallow chested, and tall
proportion to their weight. Has difficulty
in building muscles.

MESOMORPH
Muscular with broad shoulders, well-
developed chest, robust and strong. Has good
metabolism and responsive muscle cells.
ENDOMORPH
Broad, rounded figure, large head, heavy neck, and
ruddy face. Has high tendency to store body fat
✓

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 • Long Bones - Humerus, Ulna, Radius, Fibula, Tibia, Femur,
Metacarpals, Phalanges
• Short Bones - Carpal Bones, Tarsals Bones
• Flat Bones - Skull, Ribs, Sternum, Scapulae
Note: The thoracic cage protects the heart and lungs. The thoracic cage is
formed by the (a) sternum and (b) 12 pairs of ribs with costal cartilages. The
ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae. The sternum
consists of the classified as true ribs (1-7) and false ribs (8-12). The last two
pairs of false ribs are also known as floating ribs (11-12).
• Irregular Bones - Skull, vertebrae, Hip
• Sesamoid Bones - Patella
• The body system that is
composed of skeletal muscle,
smooth muscle, and cardiac
muscle tissue and functions in
movement of the body or of
materials through the body.
• Maintenance of posture
• Responsible for heat
production
Activity No. 1
Describe the different characteristics of each body types.

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 References
Dagami, E., Flordeliza, R. & Santos, Arden. Principles of
Movement Enhancement
Hoehn, K., Marieb E. Human Anatomy & Physiology 9th edition
https://www.jefit.com/exercise-tips/three-different-body-types
https://opentextbc.ca/anatomyandphysiology/chapter/1-2-
structural-organization-of-the-human-body-2/
https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/human-
anatomy-terminology
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