| rr ‘Syllabus: PASH IWR ECS ASCE . | Ae yey NG ieetae WT ¥- Programmes of rural developme lopment Programme, Cooper devel _, Poverty alleviation schemes. eee ences {Green revolution and social change. 1anging modes of production in Indian agri Y_ Problems of rural labour bondoge, migration, fom = 2 Programmes of Rural Development and Community Development Programmes roductivity tural Housing munication ‘mail Scale Industries \gricultural and Improvement Drinking Water | 2 Minor irrigation Electrification |) Arima Husbandry Education - Family Welfare 4 Village & Cotton | Cfisneries Family Welfare Industry |Swinor Forest Produce living standards of the mass_of low-income ( Rural development is defined _as_improvin ce or ip mural areas and making the_process_of-theirdevelopment- sol: ‘sustaining. Temivises al those programmes that touch all levels of human lina 2.a. See sd relied mater. iigaln, communication education. eat SipRiemeN foyment. Jette going. and socil welfare, The conceal LUST deve men is 2much broader hosing (aint concent of aaricuturl development White aqrculurel development concerned oneethy ith culvain and alied_acivives_turl_develoomentem12ce ‘all_areas and activi griculture is the a Ste people living in rural areas, rore attention iS including agriculture. Since a 1ltural sector focused on the issues related with agric st PHASE OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT: ‘a result of inspiration derived from the 1 Communit ramme (1952) COP emerged as some eater presndependence program nes [Het development, It looked at vilage as a ty - having a comm jers.-For Nehnu COP ate oF vital importance nat Because they seem to build munity- as ommon community x rr eatsic achievements but much more so SCIP ual making them builder of thst own wide NTS ening Commission CDP is 9 menod how We FYP seeks to initiate a process of transformation of {hes "According to an UNO report i is designed transfor tr Tig Tor the whol communiy Wy he Sore paricipation and, (_possble. on th initiative of (Nevo serail enol Tomh_coming, By the safhe use of techniques for ee cig tonrds te SDSL Ippon ti clear that COP is commited wards transformation of all soclo-eco- + is possible only with he intiative of local people. op (Il) Ending dependency on lagers ‘ement of self-reliance among people (I!) Endin arpa ah the programme was started in India with the help of USA. but following experiments have Nu ¥ inspiration for the emergence of CDP. oy ordi coveseys ecmcela le gen the source of he SounSF ol development actives cared out at sevasr a(any atin F Gorakhpur district of UP, (IV) Faridabad Project: Under the ins, ‘lage was Converted inc a town (i!) Nilokheri Projects started aTagees OF PY SK. Day at Nilokhari of Kamal district in Haryana to rehabilitate 6000 Etawah Project: under Fa reer he inspiration of Albert Mayers_97 villages of Etawah district were included "Pose ‘schemes to achieves self-reliance. “Also done in anspiration Sri Ghosh, 30,000 refugees were rehabilitated and the (V) Firca Development Scheme: Started in Madi Gandhian principles. Ith: : SiS oeaS-0n_Gandhian principles. It_had_two major cbiective: Development of personaly of vilagers & Bringing change in The i reconstruction. The programme was launched o1 the_48t ‘cology of village n 29d Oct 1952 and was extended is consider areas at the end of ee cee EXP. 603 National Extension service Blocks and 553 CDP Blocks covering 1,57,000 villages and a population of 88. CDP is broadly divided into three 8 million persons were created. 1ases, vi * National extension phase: Areas selected were subjected to methods of providing services on oepan, pall wih ie government exendire + Intensive Community levelopment_ pI intensive development schemes wi + Post development phase: hase: Blocks selected for purpose were subjected to ith high government expenditure. It was presumed that initial two phases have created a self-perpetuating Fur process so, Government role was reducéd to only supervisory role Jn 1957 the 4th evolutionreportof GDP divided it nto -4 major categories: ~~ Constructional programme (roads, schools etc.) iigation (wells, tube wells, pump Ses ete.) Agnculture Tang GEV., Soll, manure atc.) "utTonal programmes (youth, women Clubs, dispensaries, smokeless chulhas etc. ndamiental Beliefs: $.C. Dubey has mentionéd following fundamental beliefs to remove the discrepancy between the mentality orprar @ (b) (c) (a) ‘Adi At rocpe abe Development should be according to villagers. )3. Implementation of plans to be done by humble request rather than by compulsion Special emphasis of recruitment, orientation and training of community Development workers Achievement of stability. rative Structure: At Central Level (a) Establishment of committee +. Members of Pianning commission + Ministers of concemed Department + PM (Chairman) Functions Policy formulation ‘Observation of running activities At state level — State Development committee (i) Organization CM (Chairman) + Ministers of condoned depts. + Secretary Functions Receipt of Policies from the centre and deliverance of progress and amendments to centre Establishing coordination among different Acknowledgement of distt. level activities. Role of Gram Sevak : Attached with Panchayats At District level Coordinat— D.M, + Members and Chairman of Zila Parishad work after the activities At Block ievel Block Panchayat committee Look after the policies Organisation + BDO + Specialist + Agriculture + Cattle-Rearing + Cooperatives + Extension officer Gram Panchayats Organisation +” Village Prime (Sarpanch) + Gram SevakVIKASH RANJAN'S CLASSES Being ‘a multipurpose person, he adopts, the following ways to n {good life-style so that they could raise their ake CDP a progran standard by adopting the available the masa. programme of Ing sandra by adopting To help. village prepare (programmes) (1) to establish informal. relations with the (ay villagers to keep up the mutual faith, (MN) To resolve the prob Ignite os interes Field of Activiti ‘An imposing list of activities, has policies of de 18 of villagers and to (IV) To develop le among them towards, a pment for ther, enship among villagers : s been prepared) Fducation by he sponsors of CDP. ‘Thay ncuded various, (yy il toms “conned wath tho” fotowag sy) za categories of undertakings: (Vl) Social We ()) ” Agtculive ant tocied (Mi) Sopplemenity Employment, and (W) Communication, (Ml) Hing” EMmonmene2 The_fourth Evaluation Report undertaken by the CDP. Tho categories: 1. Constructional Programmes: Kutcha and Pu 46, culverts drain buildings, commonTy centre buildings, dispensary buildings, houses Tor (esources, "=== =~ — ae 2. igational Programmes: Wels, pu 3, ‘ultural_ Programmes: Seeds, snanure and fertilizer p 4, igatituticnal and other Progiammes: Youth clubs, wm cooperative_societes, bution stores, maternity centre amchayats, adult i primary Schools, collage mgustnes, etc Contribution in Development ; — = oe ¥ Achievement of belief of the Mass : I includes belie in prog Stienee and TECIMOTOOy. Wr THES of rural people and in social justi ¥ — Growth in Collective Efforts, 2 crnescnec eanvianalia Chere te ae ee ¥— Ghange-in- Trai jeologies + by use of scientific techniques in. rearing of animals, etc. he evaluation of Intensive Agrieulure Dislrict Programme has the Indian Farmer, inspite of being iliteraio-and poor, 16-nal likely to femain affized wall Todllons. They ofo aways adoptive i now charges undat a connate ¥ Decrease in Rural Unemployment : but not to a great extent According to the study team of Balwant Rai Mehta, only 2.5% families have qot the benefits through CDP- ¥ Rwareness toward Health and Hygiene % Saiturat Development Patna his study of Orissa reveals that CDP has freed the poor pgSpIe Tam the clutches of sel-confict and non-sympathy. _of 1957 adopted _different_criteri y divided the programmes ¢ ing_activities activities into the following major amation, soil conservation, consolidation of { holdings, improved Evaluatio ‘The impact of the CDP has been subjected to analysis and evaluation by a number of scholars and organizations Prof Wilson, Prof Cart Taylor, Oscar Lewis. Prof. Opler and his team, S.C. Dubey, ‘Mandelbaum and many others have attempted to assess the nature of the impact of the CDP on the life of the rural people. The Programme Evaluation Organization has also teen doing assessment cont jously and their Repogs are valuable documents, \ccording to Prof. "Taylor, the administration of the programme is predominantly based on aid from and reliance on the Govt. The initiative of people is stil lacking. The"Govt, machinery relies