pe "NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT I EE sve VineReNsa EY + | Determinations olny of KNOX using LN by wolomete anaes | > |Dotermination of molasity of KMnOd wsing 0AM FAS by volumetsié analysis, Systematic qualitative analysis if inorganic salts. + | Salt analysis - 1 NH4C1 2829 + | Salt analysis - 2, NH4Br 3031 Salt analysis - 3 Al2 (SO4)3 3233 « | Salt analysis - 4 MnSO4 34.35 > | Salt analysis - 5 ZnSO4 36 «| Salt analysis - 6 MgSO4 3740 2 | Salt analysis - 7 MgCO3 48 » | Salt analysis - 8 CaCO3 445 « | Salt analysis - 9 ZnCO3 46 » | Salt analysis - 10 BaCl2 a8 | » | Tests For Functional Groups In Organic Compounds. ‘Tests For unsaturation Tests For Alcoholic group Tests For Phenolic group ox Tests For Aldchydic and ketonic group Tests For Carboxyle group Tests For Amino group [> [peter net tian 8 [Al eitroee 5B Preparation of Inorganic compounds, Preaoration of Ferrolss ammonium suipnote [FAS or Manes Salt] — Preparation af Potassium Iriovalatoforrate (11) Test For Carbohydrates, Fats and Prot a of sie ——— res for Os and Fats [rests for Proteins 5859 Chemical Kinctics6. TITRIMETRIC ANALYSIS (REDOX REACTION) Experiment No. 6.1 ‘Aim: Determination of Molarity of KMdnO,using 0.1 M Oxalic acid by volumetric analysis. Princip! Acidified KMnO,will oxidize oxalic acid into CO, & HO. Hence known volume of oxalic acid is titrated against KMnO,. Here KMnO, acts as oxidizing agent and oxalic acid acts as reducing agent. Chemical Equation : 2KMnO, +3H_SO, +5H,C,0, "<> K,SO, + 2MnSO, + 8H,0 +10CO, Procedure 1. Exactly 10 ml of 0.1 M oxalic acid is Pipette out into a clean conical flask and 1 test tube full of dil. H,SO,is added. The solution is heated to 60°C. tes 2. The hot solution is titrated against K/MnO, taken in the burette until a permanent pale pink colour is obtained. This is the end point of titration. The burette readings are recorded & the titration is repeated for agreeing values Observations: Burette : KMnO, solution Conical ask : 10 ml #7,C,O, +1 Test tube full of dil, H,S0, solution Indicator : KMfn0, is self indicator 1. 2. 3. 4. End point : Colourless to pale pink NARAYANA PU COLLEGES,‘Tabulation ; Burette readings ts Final ae ay | ay Initial 8 ° o | Volume of KiinO,added in mt ac | ay ay Cateulations: ee | ceheulations:- shew oty aml oy oe Meme = Stang ME May Stoiehiomebic. eo effiezents of "ou i Ay Te Ketmoy and Otable acd loin, Okalde TH eapiadion I > edd (ace, a=) | EE ST / OO] | tater Result : Molarity of KMnO,= M, = so..M Experiment No.6.2 a ‘Aim: Determination of Molarityof K-MnO, using 0.1 M FAS by volumetric analysis Principle Acidifiod KMn0,can oxidize FeSO, of FAS into Fe, (SO,),. Hence known volume of FAS is titrated against KMnO, at as oxidizing agent & FeSO, 1s educing agent ‘Chemical Reaction: 2KMiO, +8H.S0, +1OFeSO, > K,S0, +2MnSO,+8H1,0+5Fe,(S0,), NARAYANA PU COLLEGES is: i | Procedure! + 1. Exaclly 10 mL of FAS is pipette ovt into a clean conical ask and about | test tube full of dil, 17,80, is added 2. The solution of the conical flask is titrated against KMnO, taken in the burette until a permanent pale pink eolour is obtained. This the end point of titration. 3. The Burette readings are ‘recorded & repeated the titration for agrecing values. observations: 1. urtte: KMnO, solution 2. Conical flask: 10 mi of 0,1 MFAS +1 test tube dil. 77,50, solution 3. Indicator; K MnO, is self — indicator 4. End point : Colourless to pale pink Tabulation Burette readings THBLNG: 1 2 3 Final 7 Bee |e | Th oO ° oO Volume of K/ ii of KMnO,addedinmt | Giver | Qoly ay Calewlakons : — there O, emdas ar Hoe Steiddiometvic Kem, = *M ie Coeldera Hino, = Keine, xv, NY MV ob Kang oiceanks bt Bae uomd Fas iA ens > Ves ' A the Caped nu i" ion Kune fas (O22, a= 0) = 2Kotxy lox Fy = O-08IK NARAYANA PU COLLEGES 162SYSTAMATIC : ALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SIM LE INORGANIC SALTS Analysis of salt ide oak gigi aug = cation of cations and anions present in the salt. Salt is formed by the is valency, acid and a base. The No. of units of charges carried byan ion is equal to ‘eid Radicals (Ani 1) They carr (Anion) Basic Radicals (Cation) a We chatge: 1) They carry +ve charge 2) They can by : ) They can be detected by using solid (0.12) 2) They can be detected by using original solution (2 3) They can be detected in Acidic medium — ee ee 3) They can be detected in basic medium. effectvescence, color and odour of gas 4) Reaction can’t be seen instead the product will be seen as ppt alysis of salt involves four steps which are as follows: 1. Preliminary test 2. Detection of anion 3. Detection of cation 4. Report of salt 1. Preliminary test a) State : Crystalline or Amorphous b) Color : White / colorless, light green (Fe), green (Ni*), Blue (Cu**), Brown (Fe) , light pink (Mn), Voilet (Co) ©) Solubitity : Water diLHCl ail. HNO, Cold Hot Cold. Hot Cold Hot 2. Classification of Anion ( Acid Radicals) : Group ‘Group Reagent Radicals present I Dil. H,SO, / dil. HCl CO;*,5*,80;",NO;,CH,COO™ IL Conc. H,SO, CI”, Br” ,I-, NO; ,C,02 Tm ‘No specific reagents S07,P0;° NARAYANA PU COLLEGES 7 LoeT Detection of J group anion Salt +dil. 17,50, (heat if necessary) 3 eee a Fapemant_____———[ Brie ertervseence Hoar 8 colorless, odourless gas which ilky ith rotten CB yhich turns @ in lead acetate turns lime water mi ) Colorless gas wi smell is liberated wl filter paper dipped i solution black ; ©) Acolorless gas with suffocating Sot! of burning sulphur whieh ied _K,Cr,0, 28 paper ‘urns acid to green i) Reddish brown fumes which turs starch/KI paper to blue ¢) Colorless vapours with a smeel of vinegar (pungent) which turns blue litmus paper red Inference ___ ‘Carbonates anion (CO;*) may be present ‘Sulphide anion (S™) may be present Sulphite anion (SO,*) may be present Nitrate anion (WO;) may be present ‘Acetate anion (CH,COO™ ) may be present Confirmatory test for Carbonates ion (co) (lime water test) ¢ Inference Observation Experiment Salt + Water, boil the gas liberated is passed into the test tube containing lime water Lime water dies not tun milky Carbonate anion (Ct confirmed Confirmatory test for Sulphide io mn (5) Salt solution + NH,OH + few drop of sodium nitroprusside solution (if salt is insoluble in water take sodium carbonate Purple or violet color Sulphide anion (S~)is confirmed extract) Confirmatory test for Sulphite ion (SO;*) Salt + Water, shaken to dissolve + BaCl, solution A thick white ppt. soluble in excess of dil. HCI is formed Sulphite anion (SO; confirmed NARAYANA PU COLLEGES Confirmatory test for Nitrite ion (NO; ) (Sulphanilic acid acid test or Gris ~ Iosvay test) 18 |Diluted Salt solution > acetic acid + few drops of sulphanilic acid + ‘Experiment drops of o naphthy e Confirmatory test for Acetate ion Red colored solution | ere Nitrite anion (VO; )is confirmed (cH,coo-) CEsterification test) Observation 1. Salt + Ethyl alcohol > drops of cone. H,SO, heated and then poured the mixture into the beaker containing Na,CO, solution Fruity odour is formed Inference Acetate anion (CHyCOO™ ‘confirmed 2. Salt solution + Neutral FeCl, solution Red colored solution which turns to brown red ppt. on boiling and cooling Acetate anion (CH,COO) is present & confirmed Detection of IT group anions a, Salt in a dry test tube + cone, SO, a. A colorless pungent smell gas which gives dense white fumes with glass rod dipped in NH,OH is exposed to the mouth of the test tube Chloride anion (C/-) may be present ’b. Ifo reaction in cold piece of ‘CwPaper ball is added to the test tube and heated Reddish brown fumes are evolved Nitrate anion (VO; )may be present Confirmatory test for Chloride ion (C/” ) ( Chromyl chloride test) Experiment ‘Observation Inference Salt + K,Cr,O, crystals ina dry test tube + conc. H.,SO,, the above vapours are passed into a test tube containing NaQH To the above yellow solution acetic acid + iead acetate solutions are added ‘Orange red vapours are evolved ‘Yellow solution is obtained Bright yellow solution Chloride anion (cr”)is confirmed NARAYANA PU COLLEGES. Silver Nitrate test for chloride ion (C/”) 19