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  • Pavement Deflection and Curvature Measurement Falling Weight Deflectometer FWD

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    6 views8 pages

    Pavement Deflection and Curvature Measurement Falling Weight Deflectometer FWD

    Uploaded by

    syed sardar hussain shah

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    uid preg Bae resrwerico WA 9262 PAVEMENT DEFLECTION AND CURVATURE MEASUREMENT: Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) ‘SCOPE “Ths test method descibes the procedure for the determinstion ofthe deflection response of ‘oad pavements usinga Faling Weight Deleciometer (WO), ‘Ths test method dots not adoress any of the occupational heath and safety Issues associated with ie use REFERENCED DOCUMENTS [AGPTO5-11 Austroads Guide to Pavernent Technology Part 5: Pavement Evaluation and ‘Treatment Design ‘Austroads Report Standardised Measurement of Road Consiton: Pavement Deflection ‘Measurement with a Faling Weight Deflectometar (FWD) ~ September 2006, (COST 396 Protocol U2 -1988, FWD Shortterm Repeatabilty Verification MAIN ROADS Westers Australia Calibration Method WA 2060.5 -Calbration of Fling Weight Detectometere Main Roads Western hustala Test Method WA 390.1 ~ Layer Thickness Dect Measurement DEFINITIONS 1. Falling Weight Deflectometer [A vehicle mourted or towed device that records pavement surface deflection bowls at discrete test paints on the pavement surlace. Surface deflections are measured at distances ranging irom 0 mm toa user-defined maxcmum (normally 1,800 mm, but up to 2,400 mm) trom the centre of an impulse test load, which is applied to the Pavement "surace through a Siandardlced. Measuromont of Road_ Conditon: Pavement Defection Measurement with @ Faling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) standard loading plate normally 800 mm in diameter by a faling weight with @ Varable drop haight while the FWD is at ost 2. Weighted Mean Annual Pavement Temperatures (WMAPT) ‘The WMAPT characterise the in-service pavement temperature at select locations {tvoughout Ausala and New Zealand, Figures provided by determination ofthe \WMAPT are used forthe agustment of measured deflections and curvatures ‘obtained from fexble overiays on flexible pavements TAN GIDE Ween are Somme nase Faget resrueri0 WA 3262 APPARATUS. 1 ‘The FWO shall have as 2 minimum the cequirements listed in Table 1. bl: Minimum FAD Equipment Spcetons [Parameter Displacement sensor | Loud cell ‘Data acquison system instumerttpe | Geophone, Sian gauge bidpe | Sippy ormatnin | accelerometer or requred mat valent asain = icon Tee Measuingrarge | 0-200 an 712000 senso Tengerare sabity | S0pp0rC ‘Dpowrc 25 oon" pera | anc 0-80" 0-50°C Longa dt am ar ‘ones 1188 opoatbity Sym Ome 186 Recor Recastsed | 100 not pple In addition tothe above, the folowing requirements must also be met. (@) Distance ‘The test location must be recorded, to an accuracy of = 5 m in 1000 m, as a data field along withthe detlaction and mpact lad resus (©) Loading plate ‘The load pulse must be applied through a loading pte with a diameter of 300 mm. ‘The loading plate must have a rubber pad of atleast 5 mm thickness. This pad wil be riobed or be patemed to allow reshaping (The data acquisition system may include software to automaticaly check, idently and alert the operator of he following: + decreasing deflections: a check to ensure the deflections decrease with stance fom the impact locaton + out ofrange: a check onthe magnitude ofthe detection ‘+ ad variation: a check thatthe loa i within he specified tolerance ‘+ detloction variaon: a check to ensure the geoahone detections are within a ‘spectiog tolerance ‘+ sensor checks: automatic system checks ofthe load cell and dellecton sensors (@) tthe system software dows not provide the automatic data qualty checcs listed above, ‘manval checking f the same parameters, for each test result must be undertaken, 2. Other optional equipment incu + Camera Tai RonDS Waar as ‘Sooner Ta Pagez a7 “esrvenico WA 325.2 ‘Global Posiioning System (GPS) ‘+ Paint marking «ystom for the dentfcation of individual tet sites CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION 1. Calibration Fling Weight Detlecometer must have a current calibration in accord with Main Roads Western Austraka Calraion Procedure WA 2060.5 2. Validation 2.1 Deflection sersor monitoring and replacement 1 repeatabitly montoing (COST 336 Protocol U2-1999) of the performance of deflection ‘sontors determines that replacement of one or more sensors is neceseary thon one ofthe {eliowing options shallbe olowed. ‘+ tthe replacement detection sensors) were ceified in the previous and curently valid reference calbraton, then the sensors) can be used follwing the successful Completion ofa rotate calbation in accordance with Main Roads Western Australia Caltbration Procedure WA 2060.5 Part 10. ‘I the roplacoment deflection sensors were not certified at the last reference calibration ther a ful eterence calibration performed in accordance with Main Roads Western Australia Callaration Procedure WA 2080.5 shall be complated prior tothe 22 Distance measurement Validation of distance measurements shall be undertaken in accordance with the ‘manufacture’ instucions and recorded, ‘TEST PROCEDURE 1. FWDSetup 1a Testload FID devices alow fra range of load levels to be used during maybe selected for particular pavement types or strengths, and analysie, sting. Spectic load levels Fuse in ailarent types of Unless otherwise spectiod,a target applied siross of 586 KPa (corresponding witha load of +40 KN) shall be used. Test loads must be within 10% of the taget load love. For the Dynatost FWD Equipment, the test load shall be achieved by using four pairs of ‘weights an four ruaber butlers, WANRGNBS sw heicle—~C~*C mame —~SC*~*~*~*~*«é ag eae gba reste WA 826.2 12. Smoothing ‘The peak smaothing prosessor must be turned on before commencing teing 1.3 Deflection sensor spacings FFWO devices alow for a range of detacion sensor spacings to be used during testing, Unies otherwise spected, the spacing’s shown in Table 2 are to be used Table 2 Deflection sensor spacings ~~ Number of Sensor spacings (rn) Galeton senso | (measured trom the cent a the apie oad) 7 200,30, 400, 60, 900, 1800 ® 0, 200,30, 400, 58, 600, 70, 80,1500 Nok Serr be placed a pein iin See abe 2 2. Deflection survey 2.1 The operator must follow the manufacturers instructions for use of the equipment (color manufacturer's Usor Manual 22 Transport the FAD device tothe test location and pesiton the loading plate over the desired test point The test location shall be cleaned of al loose stones and debris 10 ‘ensure thatthe lading pate and defection sensors are properly seated, 23. Lowor the loading plate and the sensors 2 Raise the loading weighs tothe appropriate height to generate the target load evel, and. drop the weight. Record the peak load andthe resultng peak surface ‘eflectons, 25 Perform two adétional load sequences [AGPT: 05-11 $6.2.4] and compare the results ofthe second and third test sequences. I the diference is greater than 5% or 5 micron (whichever Is. greater) for any sensor, note the variably in the report. Diferences of nis magnitude may affect subsequent analysis ofthe data, 26 The pavement surace tomperature must be measured at each test location. For asphalt thicknessas of greater than 80 mm, asphalt temperature stall be measured in ‘accordance with Section 4.2. 2.7 The peak load, temperatures and deflection sensor reasings resuting fom tt and final drop constitute the test resus “There are a range of faciors thal may afect defection measurements, and when. encountered during surveys, the resitant est resuit must be marked and reported ‘wth a note or fag third toe (2) Example tector include: ‘ua ROADS Westen Aare Ganenrioue ~*~ age TT Morgen Sa sesrwerin WA 3262 + surace ype + eviaton fom the tet a er wheel path, or desigrated test ocaton + tush sprayed seal sutacng + deviaton from the selected target oad level ited wench or pavement ropa, st= + pavement audace shape oes (b)Resont any ther unusulfestues and eves that might infloence he resus 2, Asphalt thickness determination Asphalt thickness data forthe pupose of temperature corecton shall be collected in the following manner, aa 22 4 For existing roads the aephalt thickness shall be determined using Main Roads Western Australa Test Method WA 330.1. Layer thickness: Direct Measurement Layer thickness shal be determined ata minimum of 3 sites within the test section. For new construction asphalt design thickness data wil be available or preferably, it avaliable, asphalt compllance measurement core thickness data ‘Asphalt temperature measurement ‘Surface temperature measurements shall be recorded at all FWD tests sites. In adcton for ‘aphal surfaced savemonts the folowing shal app. 4a 42 43 For asphalt surfacing of less than 80 mm total thickness, the asphalt surface fomperatire shall be used for temperature correction. The asphalt surface temperalire shal be moasured at each test site by use of an inraed of a digital thermomiter with sensor proba (the senser probe shall remain in contact with the asphalt surface untl the reading stabiiees). For asphat greator than 80 mm thickness, the asphalt layer temperature shall be ‘measuredby ding an & mm to 12 mm eiamoter hole toa depth of ha to two this ‘ofthe toil asphalt thickness. Pour glycerine or other suitable olin the hole to a ‘depth of approxmately 15 mm. Insert the probe ofthe digital thermometer into the hole and allow the temperature reading to stablise for af least 5 minutes prior to recording the temperature ofthe asphall. The frequency and location ofthe asphalt tomperaie measurements shal be suticent to sat the pune of the FAD esting Unless spectog otherwise by the Principal FWD testing must not be underlaken on ‘asphalt when eer the surtace temperature or the asphalt layer temperature Is more than 10°C diferent othe WMAPT. ‘The WMAPT must be determined n accordance wah the process outned in AGPTOS-11 Austroads Guide to Pavement Technclogy Part 5: Pavement Evaluation and Treatment Design. Tone Tononaee PagesoT sxuseymem tore esr uenco WA 826.2 CALCULATIONS. 4. Deflection Normalisation “The deflection sensor readings ofthe fnal loading cycis shall be adjusted to estimate the

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