OP-AMP 1

ADVANCE ELECTRONICS
6th MEETING
ADI ABIMANYU, M.Eng
• Students can explain the definition of OP-AMP
• Students can understand the decibel concept and frequency of
response.
No Function
1 Amplifier
2 Comparator
3 Oscillator
4 Filter
5 Instrumentation Circuit

Op-Amp is a series of several components integrated on a single

chip.

Op-Amp generally requires power from two DC voltages (+ and-),

has inverting (-) and non-inverting (+) inputs and an output.
• An Op-Amp is an electronic component that acts like a voltage-controlled
voltage source (VCSC).

• Op-Amp is an active component designed for mathematical applications

in analog circuits such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division,
differentiation, and integration.

• What is an active component?

The active component is a Passive components are

component that requires components that do not
power to activate. need the power to activate.
We can define Gain as

We also can write Gain in several forms such as voltage, current, and power

Why?
Example:

The voltage amplifier circuit produces 5 Vrms when receiving 2 Vrms

input. What is the voltage gain?
Infinite input impedance

• We measure Input impedance at the input terminal

• Input impedance is the ratio of input voltage and inputs current.

• When Zin is infinite, the input current is zero.

• In fact the op-amp input impedance ranges from 500 kohm to 2 Mohm
• An overview of output impedance is from the output terminal. At the
output terminal, a voltage source with internal resistance.

• The resistance in the op-amp is the output impedance, Zout

• The Op-Amp in real life has an output impedance of 20-100 ohms

Infinite open-loop gain

• Open-loop gain review.

• A is gain without feedback

• In an ideal op-amp, the value of A is infinite

• The real op-amp is from 20k to 200k

Unlimited bandwidth

• The ideal op-amp will amplify all signals from DC to AC with very high
frequency

• The op-amp has a limited band

• Bandwidth limitations are mentioned in the bandwidth gain in the

frequency unit where the amplifier gain is 1

• Some op-amps, for example, 741, have very limited bandwidth to only
a few kHz.
No noise contribution
• In an ideal op-amp, all noise comes from outside the op-amp. Thus,
any noise in the output signal must come from the input signal as well.

• An ideal op-amp does not contribute to noise output.

Zero offset voltage

• The output offset voltage of the op-amp should be zero (ideal)

• The reinforcement voltage should be zero when the input is connected

to the ground.

• If the output voltage is not zero, then the output value is said to be the
offset output voltage.

• For an ideal op-amp, the offset voltage is zero, but in reality, the op-
amp offset is practically not zero.
Op Amp input mode
1. Single-ended input mode

▪ Non-Inverting (+) terminals are connected by input signals and

inverting (-) terminals are connected by a ground
Op Amp input mode
1. Single-ended input mode

• Inverting (-) terminals are connected by input signals, and ground

connects non-inverting (+) terminals.
Op Amp input mode
1. Single-ended input mode

• Inverting (-) terminals are connected by input signals, and ground

connects non-inverting (+) terminals.
Op Amp input mode
2. Different input modes

The two input signals are connected with inverting and non-inverting
inputs
• Assume the op-amp

• There is no current entering the two terminals because the input

impedance is infinite (Zi = infinite)

• The voltage at terminals V + and V- equal (virtual ground)

1.Explain the decibel concept in the op-amp!

2.What is the Common Mode Rejection

Ratio (CMMR), and what is its function?

3.What is the Gain bandwidth product, and

what is its function?