You are on page 1of 708

7+20$60$11

%8''(1%522.6

9(5)$//(,1(5)$0,/,(

5RPDQ

6FDQGHU/HVHU
./HVHU<IIIL
6HSWHPEHU


,1+$/7

(UVWHU7HLO 
=ZHLWHU7HLO 
'ULWWHU7HLO 
9LHUWHU7HLO 
)QIWHU7HLO 
6HFKVWHU7HLO 
6LHEHQWHU7HLO 
$FKWHU7HLO 
1HXQWHU7HLO 
=HKQWHU7HLO 
(OIWHU7HLO 


(567(57(,/

(UVWHV.DSLWHO

ª:DVLVWGDV:DVLVWGDV«©
ª-HGHQ'ZHORRNF¶HVWODTXHVWLRQPDWUHVFKHUHGHPRLVHOOH©
'LH.RQVXOLQ%XGGHQEURRNQHEHQLKUHU6FKZLHJHUPXWWHUDXIGHP
JHUDGOLQLJHQ ZHL‰ODFNLHUWHQ XQG PLW HLQHP JROGHQHQ /|ZHQNRSI
YHU]LHUWHQ6RIDGHVVHQ3ROVWHUKHOOJHOEEHU]RJHQZDUHQZDUIHLQHQ
%OLFNDXILKUHQ*DWWHQGHULQHLQHP$UPVHVVHOEHLLKUVD‰XQGNDP
LKUHUNOHLQHQ7RFKWHU]X+LOIHGLHGHU*UR‰YDWHUDP)HQVWHUDXIGHQ
.QLHQKLHOWª7RQ\©VDJWHVLHªLFKJODXEHGD‰PLFK*RWW©
8QG GLH NOHLQH $QWRQLH DFKWMlKULJ XQG ]DUWJHEDXW LQ HLQHP
.OHLGFKHQ DXV JDQ] OHLFKWHU FKDQJLHUHQGHU 6HLGH GHQ KEVFKHQ
%ORQGNRSI HLQ ZHQLJ YRP *HVLFKWH GHV *UR‰YDWHUV DEJHZDQGW
EOLFNWH DXV LKUHQ JUDXEODXHQ $XJHQ DQJHVWUHQJW QDFKGHQNHQG XQG
RKQHHWZDV]XVHKHQLQV =LPPHU KLQHLQ ZLHGHUKROWHQRFKHLQPDO
ª:DVLVWGDV©VSUDFKGDUDXIODQJVDPª,FKJODXEHGD‰PLFK*RWW©
IJWH ZlKUHQGLKU *HVLFKW VLFK DXINOlUWH UDVFK KLQ]X ªJHVFKDIIHQ
KDWVDPWDOOHQ.UHDWXUHQ©ZDUSO|W]OLFKDXIJODWWH%DKQJHUDWHQXQG
VFKQXUUWHQXQJOFNVWUDKOHQGXQGXQDXIKDOWVDPGHQJDQ]HQ$UWLNHO
GDKHU JHWUHX QDFK GHP .DWHFKLVPXV ZLH HU VRHEHQ $QQR 
XQWHU *HQHKPLJXQJ HLQHV KRKHQ XQG ZRKOZHLVHQ 6HQDWHV QHX
UHYLGLHUWKHUDXVJHJHEHQZDU
:HQQPDQLP*DQJHZDUGDFKWHVLHZDUHVHLQ*HIKOZLHZHQQ
PDQLP:LQWHUDXIGHPNOHLQHQ+DQGVFKOLWWHQPLWGHQ%UGHUQGHQ
-HUXVDOHPVEHUJ KLQXQWHUIXKU HV YHUJLQJHQ HLQHP JHUDGH]X GLH
*HGDQNHQ GDEHL XQG PDQ NRQQWH QLFKW HLQKDOWHQ ZHQQ PDQ DXFK
ZROOWHª'D]X.OHLGHUXQG6FKXKH©VSUDFKVLHª(VVHQXQG7ULQNHQ
+DXVXQG+RI:HLEXQG.LQG$FNHUXQG9LHK«©
%HL GLHVHQ :RUWHQ DEHU EUDFK GHU DOWH 0RQVLHXU -RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRN HLQIDFK LQ *HOlFKWHU DXV LQ VHLQ KHOOHV YHUNQLIIHQHV
.LFKHUQGDVHUKHLPOLFKLQ%HUHLWVFKDIWJHKDOWHQKDWWH(UODFKWHYRU
9HUJQJHQ VLFK EHU GHQ .DWHFKLVPXV PRNLHUHQ ]X N|QQHQ XQG
KDWWH ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK QXU ]X GLHVHP =ZHFNH GDV NOHLQH ([DPHQ
YRUJHQRPPHQ (U HUNXQGLJWH VLFK QDFK 7RQ\¶V $FNHU XQG 9LHK
IUDJWH ZLHYLHO VLH IU GHQ 6DFN :HL]HQ QlKPH XQG HUERW VLFK
*HVFKlIWHPLWLKU]XPDFKHQ
6HLQUXQGHVURVLJEHUKDXFKWHVXQGZRKOPHLQHQGHV*HVLFKWGHP
HU EHLP EHVWHQ :LOOHQ NHLQHQ $XVGUXFN YRQ %RVKHLW ]X JHEHQ
YHUPRFKWH ZXUGH YRQ VFKQHHZHL‰ JHSXGHUWHP +DDU HLQJHUDKPW
XQG HWZDV ZLH HLQ JDQ] OHLVH DQJHGHXWHWHV =|SIOHLQ ILHO DXI GHQ
EUHLWHQ.UDJHQVHLQHVPDXVJUDXHQ5RFNHVKLQDE(UZDUPLWVHLQHQ
VLHEHQ]LJ -DKUHQ GHU 0RGH VHLQHU -XJHQG QLFKW XQWUHX JHZRUGHQ
QXU DXI GHQ 7UHVVHQEHVDW] ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ .Q|SIHQ XQG GHQ JUR‰HQ
7DVFKHQ KDWWH HU YHU]LFKWHW DEHU QLHPDOV LP /HEHQ KDWWH HU ODQJH
%HLQNOHLGHUJHWUDJHQ6HLQ.LQQUXKWHEUHLWGRSSHOWXQGPLWHLQHP
$XVGUXFNYRQ%HKDJOLFKNHLWDXIGHPZHL‰HQ6SLW]HQMDERW
$OOH KDWWHQ LQ VHLQ /DFKHQ HLQJHVWLPPW KDXSWVlFKOLFK DXV
(KUHUELHWXQJJHJHQGDV)DPLOLHQREHUKDXSW
0DGDPH $QWRLQHWWH %XGGHQEURRN JHERUHQH 'XFKDPSV NLFKHUWH
LQ JHQDX GHUVHOEHQ :HLVH ZLH LKU *DWWH 6LH ZDU HLQH NRUSXOHQWH
'DPH PLW GLFNHQ ZHL‰HQ /RFNHQ EHU GHQ 2KUHQ HLQHP VFKZDU]
XQGKHOOJUDXJHVWUHLIWHQ.OHLGHRKQH6FKPXFNGDV(LQIDFKKHLWXQG
%HVFKHLGHQKHLW YHUULHW XQG PLW QRFK LPPHU VFK|QHQ XQG ZHL‰HQ
+lQGHQLQGHQHQVLHHLQHQNOHLQHQVDPPHWQHQ3RPSDGRXUDXIGHP
6FKR‰H KLHOW ,KUH *HVLFKWV]JH ZDUHQ LP /DXIH GHU -DKUH DXI
ZXQGHUOLFKH :HLVH GHQMHQLJHQ LKUHV *DWWHQ lKQOLFK JHZRUGHQ 1XU
GHU 6FKQLWW XQG GLH OHEKDIWH 'XQNHOKHLW LKUHU $XJHQ UHGHWHQ HLQ
ZHQLJ YRQ LKUHU KDOE URPDQLVFKHQ +HUNXQIW VLH VWDPPWH
JUR‰YlWHUOLFKHUVHLWV DXV HLQHU IUDQ]|VLVFKVFKZHL]HULVFKHQ )DPLOLH
XQGZDUHLQHJHERUHQH+DPEXUJHULQ
,KUH 6FKZLHJHUWRFKWHU GLH .RQVXOLQ (OLVDEHWK %XGGHQEURRN HLQH
JHERUHQH .U|JHU ODFKWH GDV .U|JHU¶VFKH /DFKHQ GDV PLW HLQHP
SUXVFKHQGHQ /LSSHQODXW EHJDQQ XQG EHL GHP VLH GDV .LQQ DXI GLH
%UXVW GUFNWH 6LH ZDU ZLH DOOH .U|JHUV HLQH lX‰HUVW HOHJDQWH
(UVFKHLQXQJ XQG ZDU VLH DXFK NHLQH 6FK|QKHLW ]X QHQQHQ VR JDE
VLH GRFK PLW LKUHU KHOOHQ XQG EHVRQQHQHQ 6WLPPH LKUHQ UXKLJHQ
VLFKHUHQXQGVDQIWHQ%HZHJXQJHQDOOHU:HOWHLQ*HIKOYRQ.ODUKHLW
XQG9HUWUDXHQ,KUHPU|WOLFKHQ+DDUGDVDXIGHU +|KH GHV.RSIHV
]XHLQHUNOHLQHQ.URQHJHZXQGHQXQGLQEUHLWHQNQVWOLFKHQ/RFNHQ
EHUGLH2KUHQIULVLHUWZDUHQWVSUDFKHLQDX‰HURUGHQWOLFK]DUWZHL‰HU


7HLQW PLW YHUHLQ]HOWHQ NOHLQHQ 6RPPHUVSURVVHQ 'DV
&KDUDNWHULVWLVFKH DQ LKUHP *HVLFKW PLW GHU HWZDV ]X ODQJHQ 1DVH
XQG GHP NOHLQHQ 0XQGH ZDU GD‰ ]ZLVFKHQ 8QWHUOLSSH XQG .LQQ
VLFK GXUFKDXV NHLQH 9HUWLHIXQJ EHIDQG ,KU NXU]HV 0LHGHU PLW
KRFKJHSXIIWHQ bUPHOQ DQ GDV VLFK HLQ HQJHU 5RFN DXV GXIWLJHU
KHOOJHEOPWHU 6HLGH VFKOR‰ OLH‰ HLQHQ +DOV YRQ YROOHQGHWHU
6FK|QKHLW IUHL JHVFKPFNW PLW HLQHP $WODVEDQG DQ GHP HLQH
.RPSRVLWLRQYRQJUR‰HQ%ULOODQWHQIOLPPHUWH
'HU .RQVXO EHXJWH VLFK PLW HLQHU HWZDV QHUY|VHQ %HZHJXQJ LP
6HVVHO YRUQEHU (U WUXJ HLQHQ ]LPPHWIDUEHQHQ 5RFN PLW EUHLWHQ
$XIVFKOlJHQXQGNHXOHQI|UPLJHQbUPHOQGLHVLFKHUVWXQWHUKDOEGHV
*HOHQNHV HQJ XP GLH +DQG VFKORVVHQ 6HLQH DQVFKOLH‰HQGHQ
%HLQNOHLGHU EHVWDQGHQ DXV HLQHP ZHL‰HQ ZDVFKEDUHQ 6WRII XQG
ZDUHQDQGHQ$X‰HQVHLWHQPLWVFKZDU]HQ6WUHLIHQYHUVHKHQ8PGLH
VWHLIHQ 9DWHUP|UGHU LQ GLH VLFK VHLQ .LQQ VFKPLHJWH ZDU GLH
VHLGHQH .UDZDWWH JHVFKOXQJHQ GLH GLFN XQG EUHLW GHQ JDQ]HQ
$XVVFKQLWWGHUEXQWIDUELJHQ:HVWHDXVIOOWH«(UKDWWHGLHHLQZHQLJ
WLHIOLHJHQGHQEODXHQXQGDXIPHUNVDPHQ$XJHQVHLQHV9DWHUVZHQQ
LKU $XVGUXFN DXFK YLHOOHLFKW WUlXPHULVFKHU ZDU DEHU VHLQH
*HVLFKWV]JH ZDUHQ HUQVWHU XQG VFKlUIHU VHLQH 1DVH VSUDQJ VWDUN
XQG JHERJHQ KHUYRU XQG GLH :DQJHQ ELV ]X GHUHQ 0LWWH EORQGH
ORFNLJH%DUWVWUHLIHQOLHIHQZDUHQYLHOZHQLJHUYROODOVGLHGHV$OWHQ
0DGDPH %XGGHQEURRN ZDQGWH VLFK DQ LKUH 6FKZLHJHUWRFKWHU
GUFNWH PLW HLQHU +DQG LKUHQ $UP VDK LKU NLFKHUQG LQ GHQ 6FKR‰
XQGVDJWHª,PPHUGHUQlPOLFKHPRQYLHX[%HWKV\«"©
ª,PPHU©VSUDFKVLHZLHªhPPHU©DXV
'LH.RQVXOLQGURKWHQXUVFKZHLJHQGPLWLKUHU]DUWHQ+DQGVRGD‰
LKUJROGHQHV$UPEDQGOHLVHNOLUUWHXQGGDQQYROOIKUWHVLHHLQHLKU
HLJHQWPOLFKH +DQGEHZHJXQJ YRP 0XQGZLQNHO ]XU )ULVXU KLQDXI
DOVREVLHHLQORVHV+DDU]XUFNVWULFKHGDVVLFKGRUWKLQYHULUUWKDWWH
'HU .RQVXO DEHU VDJWH PLW HLQHP *HPLVFK YRQ
HQWJHJHQNRPPHQGHP /lFKHOQ XQG 9RUZXUI LQ GHU 6WLPPH ª$EHU
9DWHU6LHEHOXVWLJHQVLFKZLHGHUHLQPDOEHUGDV+HLOLJVWH©«
0DQ VD‰ LP ¾/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU½ LP HUVWHQ 6WRFNZHUN GHV
ZHLWOlXILJHQDOWHQ+DXVHVLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HGDVGLH)LUPD-RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRN YRU HLQLJHU =HLW NlXIOLFK HUZRUEHQ KDWWH XQG GDV GLH


)DPLOLH QRFK QLFKW ODQJH EHZRKQWH 'LH VWDUNHQ XQG HODVWLVFKHQ
7DSHWHQ GLH YRQ GHQ 0DXHUQ GXUFK HLQHQ OHHUHQ 5DXP JHWUHQQW
ZDUHQ]HLJWHQXPIDQJUHLFKH/DQGVFKDIWHQ]DUWIDUELJZLHGHUGQQH
7HSSLFK GHU GHQ )X‰ERGHQ EHGHFNWH ,G\OOH LP *HVFKPDFN GHV
DFKW]HKQWHQ -DKUKXQGHUWV PLW IU|KOLFKHQ :LQ]HUQ HPVLJHQ
$FNHUVOHXWHQQHWW EHElQGHUWHQ 6FKlIHULQQHQ GLH UHLQOLFKH /lPPHU
DP 5DQGH VSLHJHOQGHQ :DVVHUV LP 6FKR‰H KLHOWHQ RGHU VLFK PLW
]lUWOLFKHQ 6FKlIHUQ N‰WHQ« (LQ JHOEOLFKHU 6RQQHQXQWHUJDQJ
KHUUVFKWH PHLVWHQV DXI GLHVHQ %LOGHUQ PLW GHP GHU JHOEH hEHU]XJ
GHU ZHL‰ODFNLHUWHQ 0|EHO XQG GLH JHOEVHLGHQHQ *DUGLQHQ YRU GHQ
EHLGHQ)HQVWHUQEHUHLQVWLPPWHQ
,P 9HUKlOWQLV ]X GHU *U|‰H GHV =LPPHUV ZDUHQ GLH 0|EHO QLFKW
]DKOUHLFK'HU UXQGH7LVFK PLW GHQ GQQHQ JHUDGHQ XQGOHLFKW PLW
*ROG RUQDPHQWLHUWHQ %HLQHQ VWDQG QLFKW YRU GHP 6RID VRQGHUQ DQ
GHU HQWJHJHQJHVHW]WHQ :DQG GHP NOHLQHQ +DUPRQLXP JHJHQEHU
DXIGHVVHQ'HFNHOHLQ)O|WHQEHKlOWHUODJ$X‰HUGHQUHJHOPl‰LJDQ
GHQ :lQGHQ YHUWHLOWHQ VWHLIHQ $UPVWKOHQ JDE HV QXU QRFK HLQHQ
NOHLQHQ 1lKWLVFK DP )HQVWHU XQG GHP 6RID JHJHQEHU HLQHQ
]HUEUHFKOLFKHQ/X[XV6HNUHWlUEHGHFNWPLW1LSSHV
'XUFK HLQH *ODVWU GHQ )HQVWHUQ JHJHQEHU EOLFNWH PDQ LQ GDV
+DOEGXQNHOHLQHU6lXOHQKDOOHKLQDXVZlKUHQGVLFKOLQNHU+DQGYRP
(LQWUHWHQGHQGLHKRKHZHL‰H)OJHOWU]XP6SHLVHVDDOHEHIDQG$Q
GHUDQGHUHQ:DQGDEHUNQLVWHUWHLQHLQHUKDOENUHLVI|UPLJHQ1LVFKH
XQG KLQWHU HLQHU NXQVWYROO GXUFKEURFKHQHQ 7U DXV EODQNHP
6FKPLHGHHLVHQGHU2IHQ
'HQQHVZDUIUK]HLWLJNDOWJHZRUGHQ'UDX‰HQMHQVHLWVGHU6WUD‰H
ZDU VFKRQ MHW]W XP GLH 0LWWH GHV 2NWREHU GDV /DXE GHU NOHLQHQ
/LQGHQ YHUJLOEW GLH GHQ 0DULHQNLUFKKRI XPVWDQGHQ XP GLH
PlFKWLJHQJRWLVFKHQ(FNHQ XQG :LQNHO GHU.LUFKH SILII GHU :LQG
XQGHLQIHLQHUNDOWHU5HJHQJLQJKHUQLHGHU0DGDPH%XGGHQEURRN
GHU bOWHUHQ ]XOLHEH KDWWH PDQ GLH GRSSHOWHQ )HQVWHU VFKRQ
HLQJHVHW]W
(V ZDU 'RQQHUVWDJ GHU 7DJ DQ GHP RUGQXQJVPl‰LJ MHGH ]ZHLWH
:RFKHGLH)DPLOLH]XVDPPHQNDPKHXWHDEHUKDWWHPDQDX‰HUGHQ
LQ GHU 6WDGW DQVlVVLJHQ )DPLOLHQJOLHGHUQ DXFK HLQ SDDU JXWH
+DXVIUHXQGH DXI HLQ JDQ] HLQIDFKHV 0LWWDJEURW JHEHWHQ XQG PDQ


VD‰QXQJHJHQYLHU8KUQDFKPLWWDJVLQGHUVLQNHQGHQ'lPPHUXQJ
XQGHUZDUWHWHGLH*lVWH«
'LH NOHLQH $QWRQLH KDWWH VLFK LQ LKUHU 6FKOLWWHQIDKUW GXUFK GHQ
*UR‰YDWHU QLFKW VW|UHQ ODVVHQ VRQGHUQ KDWWH QXU VFK0|OOHQG GLH
LPPHU HLQ EL‰FKHQ KHUYRUVWHKHQGH 2EHUOLSSH QRFK ZHLWHU EHU GLH
XQWHUH JHVFKREHQ -HW]W ZDU VLH DP )X‰H GHV ¾-HUXVDOHPVEHUJHV½
DQJHODQJW DEHU XQIlKLJ GHU JODWWHQ )DKUW SO|W]OLFK (LQKDOW ]X WXQ
VFKR‰VLHQRFKHLQ6WFNEHUGDV=LHOKLQDXV«ª$PHQ©VDJWHVLH
ªLFKZHL‰ZDV*UR‰YDWHU©
ª7LHQV 6LH ZHL‰ ZDV© ULHI GHU DOWH +HUU XQG WDW DOV RE LKQ GLH
1HXJLHULPJDQ]HQ.|USHUSODJHª+DVWGXJHK|UW0DPD"6LHZHL‰
ZDV.DQQPLUGHQQQLHPDQGVDJHQ«©
ª:HQQ HV HLQ ZDUPHU 6FKODJ LVW© VSUDFK 7RQ\ XQG QLFNWH EHL
MHGHP:RUWPLWGHP.RSIHªVRVFKOlJWGHU%OLW]HLQ:HQQHVDEHU
HLQNDOWHU6FKODJLVWVRVFKOlJWGHU'RQQHUHLQ©
+LHUDXI NUHX]WH VLH GLH $UPH XQG EOLFNWH LQ GLH ODFKHQGHQ
*HVLFKWHUZLHMHPDQGGHUVHLQHV(UIROJHVVLFKHULVW
+HUU%XGGHQEURRNDEHUZDUE|VHDXIGLHVH:HLVKHLWHUYHUODQJWH
GXUFKDXV ]X ZLVVHQ ZHU GHP .LQGH GLHVH 6WXSLGLWlW EHLJHEUDFKW
KDEHXQGDOVVLFKHUJDE,GD-XQJPDQQGLHNU]OLFKIUGLH.OHLQHQ
HQJDJLHUWH 0DPVHOO DXV 0DULHQZHUGHU VHL HV JHZHVHQ PX‰WH GHU
.RQVXOGLHVH,GDLQ6FKXW]QHKPHQ
ª6LHVLQG]XVWUHQJ3DSD:DUXPVROOWHPDQLQGLHVHP$OWHUEHU
GHUJOHLFKHQ 'LQJH QLFKW VHLQH HLJHQHQ ZXQGHUOLFKHQ 9RUVWHOOXQJHQ
KDEHQGUIHQ«©
ª([FXVH]PRQFKHU«0DLVF¶HVWXQHIROLH'XZHL‰WGD‰VROFKH
9HUGXQNHOXQJGHU.LQGHUN|SIHPLUYHUGU‰OLFKLVW:DWGH'XQQHU
VOHLWLQ" 'D VDOO GRFK JOLHN GH 'XQQHU LQVODKQ *HKW PLU PLW HXUHU
3UHX‰LQ«©
'LH6DFKHZDUGLHGD‰GHUDOWH+HUUDXI,GD-XQJPDQQQLFKW]XP
EHVWHQ]XVSUHFKHQZDU(UZDUNHLQEHVFKUlQNWHU.RSI(UKDWWHHLQ
6WFN YRQ GHU :HOW JHVHKHQ ZDU $QQR  YLHUVSlQQLJ QDFK
6GGHXWVFKODQG JHIDKUHQ XP DOV +HHUHVOLHIHUDQW IU 3UHX‰HQ
*HWUHLGHDXI]XNDXIHQZDULQ$PVWHUGDPXQGLQ3DULVJHZHVHQXQG
KLHOW HLQ DXIJHNOlUWHU 0DQQ EHL *RWW QLFKW DOOHV IU


YHUXUWHLOHQVZUGLJ ZDV DX‰HUKDOE GHU 7RUH VHLQHU JLHEHOLJHQ
9DWHUVWDGWODJ
$EJHVHKHQYRPJHVFKlIWOLFKHQ9HUNHKUDEHULQJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHU
%H]LHKXQJZDUHUPHKUDOVVHLQ6RKQGHU.RQVXOJHQHLJWVWUHQJH
*UHQ]HQ]X]LHKHQXQG)UHPGHQDEOHKQHQG]XEHJHJQHQ$OVGDKHU
HLQHV 7DJHV VHLQH .LQGHU YRQ HLQHU 5HLVH QDFK :HVWSUHX‰HQ GLHV
MXQJH 0lGFKHQ  VLH ZDUHUVWMHW]W ]ZDQ]LJ -DKUH DOW  DOV HLQH $UW
-HVXVNLQGPLWVLFKLQV+DXVJHEUDFKWKDWWHQHLQH:DLVHGLH7RFKWHU
HLQHV XQPLWWHOEDU YRU $QNXQIW GHU %XGGHQEURRNV LQ 0DULHQZHUGHU
YHUVWRUEHQHQ *DVWKRIVEHVLW]HUV GD KDWWH GHU .RQVXO IU GLHVHQ
IURPPHQ6WUHLFKHLQHQ$XIWULWWPLWVHLQHP9DWHU]XEHVWHKHQJHKDEW
EHLGHPGHUDOWH+HUUIDVWQXUIUDQ]|VLVFKXQGSODWWGHXWVFKVSUDFK«
hEULJHQV KDWWH ,GD -XQJPDQQ VLFK DOV WFKWLJ LP +DXVVWDQGH XQG
LP 9HUNHKU PLW GHQ .LQGHUQ HUZLHVHQ XQG HLJQHWH VLFK PLW LKUHU
/R\DOLWlWXQGLKUHQSUHX‰LVFKHQ5DQJEHJULIIHQLP*UXQGHDXIVEHVWH
IU LKUH 6WHOOXQJ LQ GLHVHP +DXVH 6LH ZDU HLQH 3HUVRQ YRQ
DULVWRNUDWLVFKHQ *UXQGVlW]HQ GLH KDDUVFKDUI ]ZLVFKHQ HUVWHQ XQG
]ZHLWHQ .UHLVHQ ]ZLVFKHQ 0LWWHOVWDQG XQG JHULQJHUHP 0LWWHOVWDQG
XQWHUVFKLHG VLH ZDU VWRO] GDUDXI DOV HUJHEHQH 'LHQHULQ GHQ HUVWHQ
.UHLVHQDQ]XJHK|UHQXQGVDKHVXQJHUQZHQQ7RQ\VLFKHWZDPLW
HLQHU 6FKXONDPHUDGLQ EHIUHXQGHWH GLH QDFK 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQV
6FKlW]XQJQXUGHPJXWHQ0LWWHOVWDQGH]X]XUHFKQHQZDU«
,Q GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN ZDUG GLH 3UHX‰LQ VHOEVW LQ GHU 6lXOHQKDOOH
VLFKWEDUXQGWUDWGXUFKGLH*ODVWUHLQHLQ]LHPOLFKJUR‰HVNQRFKLJ
JHEDXWHV 0lGFKHQ LQ VFKZDU]HP .OHLGH PLW JODWWHP +DDU XQG
HLQHPHKUOLFKHQ*HVLFKW
6LH IKUWH GLH NOHLQH .ORWKLOGH DQ GHU +DQG HLQ DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK
PDJHUHV .LQG LQ JHEOPWHP .DWWXQNOHLGFKHQ PLW JODQ]ORVHP
DVFKLJHP+DDUXQGVWLOOHU$OWMXQJIHUQPLHQH6LH VWDPPWH DXV HLQHU
Y|OOLJEHVLW]ORVHQ1HEHQOLQLHZDUGLH7RFKWHUHLQHVEHL5RVWRFNDOV
*XWVLQVSHNWRUDQVlVVLJHQ1HIIHQGHVDOWHQ+HUUQ %XGGHQEURRN XQG
ZDUG ZHLO VLH JOHLFKDOWULJ PLW $QWRQLH XQG HLQ ZLOOLJHV *HVFK|SI
ZDUKLHULP+DXVHHU]RJHQ
ª(VLVWDOOHVEHUHLW©VDJWH0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQXQGVFKQXUUWHGDVU
LQ GHU .HKOH GHQQ VLH KDWWH HV XUVSUQJOLFK EHUKDXSW QLFKW


DXVVSUHFKHQ N|QQHQ ª.ORWKLOGFKHQ KDW WFKWLJ JHKROIHQ LQ GHU
.FKH7ULQDKDWIDVWQLFKWV]XWXQEUDXFKHQ«©
0RQVLHXU %XGGHQEURRN VFKPXQ]HOWH VS|WWLVFK LQ VHLQ -DERW EHU
,GD¶V IUHPGDUWLJH $XVVSUDFKH GHU .RQVXO DEHU VWUHLFKHOWH VHLQHU
NOHLQHQ1LFKWHGLH:DQJHXQG VDJWH ª6R LVWHV UHFKW7KLOGD %HWH
XQG DUEHLWH KHL‰W HV 8QVHUH 7RQ\ VROOWH VLFK HLQ %HLVSLHO GDUDQ
QHKPHQ6LHQHLJWQXUDOO]XRIW]X0‰LJJDQJXQGhEHUPXW«©
7RQ\ OLH‰ GHQ .RSI KlQJHQ XQG EOLFNWH YRQ XQWHQ KHUDXI GHQ
*UR‰YDWHU DQ GHQQ VLH ZX‰WH ZRKO GD‰ HU VLH ZLH JHZ|KQOLFK
YHUWHLGLJHQ ZHUGH ª1HLQ QHLQ© VDJWH HU ª.RSI KRFK 7RQ\
FRXUDJH (LQHV VFKLFNW VLFK QLFKW IU DOOH -HGHU QDFK VHLQHU $UW
7KLOGD LVW EUDY DEHU ZLU VLQG DXFK QLFKW ]X YHUDFKWHQ 6SUHFKH LFK
UDLVRQQDEOH%HWKV\"©
(UZDQGWHVLFKDQVHLQH6FKZLHJHUWRFKWHUGLHVHLQHP*HVFKPDFNH
EHL]XSIOLFKWHQ SIOHJWH ZlKUHQG 0DGDPH $QWRLQHWWH PHKU DXV
.OXJKHLW ZRKO GHQQ DXV hEHU]HXJXQJ PHLVWHQV GLH 3DUWHL GHV
.RQVXOVQDKP6RUHLFKWHQVLFKGLHEHLGHQ*HQHUDWLRQHQLPFKDVVH
FURLVH JOHLFKVDP GLH +lQGH ª6LH VLQG VHKU JXW 3DSD© VDJWH GLH
.RQVXOLQ ª7RQ\ ZLUG VLFK EHPKHQ HLQH NOXJH XQG WFKWLJH )UDX
]X ZHUGHQ« 6LQG GLH .QDEHQ DXV GHU 6FKXOH JHNRPPHQ"© IUDJWH
VLH,GD
$EHU 7RQ\ GLH YRP .QLH GHV *UR‰YDWHUV DXV LQ GHQ ¾6SLRQ½
GXUFKV )HQVWHU VDK ULHI IDVW JOHLFK]HLWLJ ª7RP XQG &KULVWLDQ
NRPPHQ GLH -RKDQQLVVWUD‰H KHUDXI« XQG +HUU +RIIVWHGH« XQG
2QNHO'RNWRU«©
'DV*ORFNHQVSLHOYRQ6DQNW0DULHQVHW]WHPLWHLQHP&KRUDOHHLQ
SDQJSLQJSLQJSXQJ]LHPOLFKWDNWORVVRGD‰PDQQLFKWUHFKW]X
HUNHQQHQ YHUPRFKWH ZDV HV HLJHQWOLFK VHLQ VROOWH DEHU GRFK YROO
)HLHUOLFKNHLW XQG ZlKUHQG GDQQ GLH NOHLQH XQG GLH JUR‰H *ORFNH
IU|KOLFKXQGZUGHYROOHU]lKOWHQGD‰HVYLHU8KUVHLVFKDOOWHDXFK
GUXQWHQ GLH *ORFNH GHU :LQGIDQJWU JHOOHQG EHU GLH JUR‰H 'LHOH
ZRUDXI HV LQ GHU 7DW 7RP XQG &KULVWLDQ ZDUHQ GLH DQNDPHQ
]XVDPPHQPLWGHQHUVWHQ*lVWHQPLW-HDQ-DFTXHV+RIIVWHGHGHP
'LFKWHUXQG'RNWRU*UDERZGHP+DXVDU]W


=ZHLWHV.DSLWHO

+HUU -HDQ -DFTXHV +RIIVWHGH GHU 3RHW GHU 6WDGW GHU VLFKHUOLFK
DXFKIUGHQKHXWLJHQ7DJHLQSDDU5HLPHLQGHU7DVFKHKDWWHZDU
QLFKW YLHO MQJHU DOV -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN GHU bOWHUH XQG
DEJHVHKHQ YRQ GHU JUQHQ )DUEH VHLQHV /HLEURFNHV LQ GHPVHOEHQ
*HVFKPDFNJHNOHLGHW$EHUHUZDUGQQHUXQGEHZHJOLFKHUDOVVHLQ
DOWHU )UHXQG XQG EHVD‰ NOHLQH IOLQNH JUQOLFKH $XJHQ XQG HLQH
ODQJHVSLW]H1DVH
ª%HVWHQ 'DQN© VDJWH HU QDFKGHP HU GHQ +HUUHQ GLH +lQGH
JHVFKWWHOW XQG YRU GHQ 'DPHQ  LP EHVRQGHUHQ YRU GHU .RQVXOLQ
GLH HU DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK YHUHKUWH  HLQ SDDU VHLQHU DXVJHVXFKWHVWHQ
FRPSOLPHQWVYROOIKUWKDWWHFRPSOLPHQWVZLHGLHQHXH*HQHUDWLRQ
VLHVFKOHFKWHUGLQJVQLFKWPHKU]XVWDQGHEUDFKWHXQGGLHYRQHLQHP
DQJHQHKPVWLOOHQXQGYHUELQGOLFKHQ/lFKHOQEHJOHLWHWZDUHQ
ª%HVWHQ 'DQN IU GLH IUHXQGOLFKH (LQODGXQJ PHLQH
+RFKYHUHKUWHQ 'LHVH EHLGHQ MXQJHQ /HXWH© XQG HU ZLHV DXI 7RP
XQG &KULVWLDQ GLH LQ EODXHQ .LWWHOQ PLW /HGHUJUWHOQ EHL LKP
VWDQGHQ ªKDEHQ ZLU LQ GHU .|QLJVWUD‰H JHWURIIHQ GHU 'RNWRU XQG
LFK DOV VLH YRQ LKUHQ 6WXGLHQ NDPHQ 3UlFKWLJH %XUVFKH  )UDX
.RQVXOLQ" 7KRPDV GDV LVW HLQ VROLGHU XQG HUQVWHU .RSI HU PX‰
.DXIPDQQZHUGHQGDUEHUEHVWHKWNHLQ=ZHLIHO&KULVWLDQGDJHJHQ
VFKHLQW PLU HLQ ZHQLJ 7DXVHQGVDVVD ]X VHLQ ZLH" HLQ ZHQLJ
,QFUR\DEOH« $OOHLQ LFK YHUKHKOH QLFKW PHLQ HQJRXHPHQW (U ZLUG
VWXGLHUHQGQNWPLFKHULVWZLW]LJXQGEULOODQWYHUDQODJW«©
+HUU%XGGHQEURRNEHGLHQWHVLFKVHLQHUJROGHQHQ7DEDNVGRVHª¶Q
$DSLVKHL6ROOHUQLFKWJOHLFK'LFKWHUZHUGHQ+RIIVWHGH"©
0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQVWHFNWHGLH)HQVWHUYRUKlQJHEHUHLQDQGHUXQG
EDOG ODJ GDV =LPPHU LQ GHP HWZDV XQUXKLJHQ DEHU GLVNUHWHQ XQG
DQJHQHKPHQ /LFKW GHU .HU]HQ GHV .ULVWDOONURQOHXFKWHUV XQG GHU
$UPOHXFKWHUGLHDXIGHP6HNUHWlUHVWDQGHQª1XQ&KULVWLDQ©VDJWH
GLH .RQVXOLQ GHUHQ +DDU JROGLJ DXIOHXFKWHWH ªZDV KDVW GX KHXWH
QDFKPLWWDJ JHOHUQW"© 8QG HV HUJDE VLFK GD‰ &KULVWLDQ 6FKUHLEHQ
5HFKQHQXQG6LQJHQJHKDEWKDWWH
(U ZDU HLQ %UVFKFKHQ YRQ VLHEHQ -DKUHQ GDV VFKRQ MHW]W LQ
EHLQDKHOlFKHUOLFKHU:HLVHVHLQHP9DWHUlKQOLFKZDU(VZDUHQGLH


JOHLFKHQ ]LHPOLFK NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ XQG WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ GLH
JOHLFKH VWDUN KHUYRUVSULQJHQGH XQG JHERJHQH 1DVH ZDU VFKRQ
HUNHQQWOLFKXQGXQWHUKDOEGHU:DQJHQNQRFKHQGHXWHWHQEHUHLWVHLQ
SDDU/LQLHQGDUDXIKLQGD‰GLH*HVLFKWVIRUPQLFKWLPPHUGLHMHW]LJH
NLQGOLFKH)OOHEHKDOWHQZHUGH
ª:LU KDEHQ IXUFKWEDU JHODFKW© ILQJ HU DQ ]X SODSSHUQ ZlKUHQG
VHLQH$XJHQLP=LPPHUYRQHLQHP]XPDQGHUHQJLQJHQª3D‰WPDO
DXI ZDV +HUU 6WHQJHO ]X 6LHJPXQG .|VWHUPDQQ JHVDJW KDW© (U
EHXJWH VLFK YRU VFKWWHOWH GHQ .RSI XQG UHGHWH HLQGULQJOLFK LQ GLH
/XIWKLQHLQªbX‰HUOLFKPHLQJXWHV.LQGlX‰HUOLFKELVWGXJODWWXQG
JHOHFNWMDDEHULQQHUOLFKPHLQJXWHV.LQGGDELVWGXVFKZDU]«©
8QGGLHVVDJWHHUXQWHU:HJODVVXQJGHVUXQGLQGHPHUªVFKZDU]©
ZLHªVZlU]©DXVVSUDFKPLWHLQHP*HVLFKWLQGHPVLFKGHU8QZLOOH
EHU GLHVH ªlX‰HOLFKH© *OlWWH XQG *HOHFNWKHLW PLW HLQHU VR
EHU]HXJHQGHQ.RPLNPDOWHGD‰DOOHVLQ*HOlFKWHUDXVEUDFK
ª¶Q$DSLVKHL©ZLHGHUKROWHGHUDOWH%XGGHQEURRNNLFKHUQG
+HUU +RIIVWHGH DEHU ZDU DX‰HU VLFK YRU (QW]FNHQ ª&KDUPDQW©
ULHI HU ª8QEHUWUHIIOLFK 0DQ PX‰ 0DUFHOOXV 6WHQJHO NHQQHQ
$NNXUDWVR1HLQGDVLVWJDU]XN|VWOLFK©
7KRPDV GHP VROFKH %HJDEXQJ DEJLQJ VWDQG QHEHQ VHLQHP
MQJHUHQ%UXGHUXQGODFKWHQHLGORVXQGKHU]OLFK6HLQH=lKQHZDUHQ
QLFKWEHVRQGHUVVFK|QVRQGHUQNOHLQXQGJHOEOLFK$EHUVHLQH1DVH
ZDUDXIIDOOHQGIHLQJHVFKQLWWHQXQGHUlKQHOWHLQGHQ$XJHQXQGLQ
GHU*HVLFKWVIRUPVWDUNVHLQHP*UR‰YDWHU
0DQ KDWWH ]XP 7HLO DXI GHQ 6WKOHQ XQG GHP 6RID 3ODW]
JHQRPPHQ PDQ SODXGHUWH PLW GHQ .LQGHUQ VSUDFK EHU GLH IUKH
.lOWH GDV +DXV« +HUU +RIIVWHGH EHZXQGHUWH DP 6HNUHWlU HLQ
SUDFKWYROOHV 7LQWHQID‰ DXV 6HYUHV3RU]HOODQ LQ *HVWDOW HLQHV
VFKZDU]JHIOHFNWHQ-DJGKXQGHV
'RNWRU*UDERZDEHUHLQ0DQQYRP$OWHUGHV.RQVXOV]ZLVFKHQ
GHVVHQVSlUOLFKHP%DFNHQEDUWHLQODQJHVJXWHVXQGPLOGHV*HVLFKW
OlFKHOWH EHWUDFKWHWH GLH .XFKHQ .RULQWKHQEURWH XQG
YHUVFKLHGHQDUWLJHQ JHIOOWHQ 6DO]I‰FKHQ GLH DXI GHP 7LVFKH ]XU
6FKDXJHVWHOOWZDUHQ
(VZDUGDV¾6DO]XQG%URW½GDVGHU)DPLOLHYRQ9HUZDQGWHQXQG
)UHXQGHQ ]XP :RKQXQJVZHFKVHO EHUVDQGW ZRUGHQ ZDU 'D PDQ


DEHUVHKHQVROOWHGD‰GLH*DEHDXVQLFKWJHULQJHQ+lXVHUQNRPPH
EHVWDQG GDV %URW LQ V‰HP JHZU]WHP XQG VFKZHUHP *HElFN XQG
ZDUGDV6DO]YRQPDVVLYHP*ROGHXPVFKORVVHQ
ª,FK ZHUGH ZRKO ]X WXQ EHNRPPHQ© VDJWH GHU 'RNWRU LQGHP HU
DXIGLH6‰LJNHLWHQZLHVXQGGHQ.LQGHUQGURKWH'DQQKREHUPLW
ZLHJHQGHP .RSI HLQ JHGLHJHQHV *HUlW IU 6DO] 3IHIIHU XQG 6HQI
HPSRU
ª9RQ /HEUHFKW .U|JHU© VDJWH 0RQVLHXU %XGGHQEURRN
VFKPXQ]HOQGª,PPHUNXODQWPHLQOLHEHU+HUU9HUZDQGWHU,FKKDEH
LKP GHUJOHLFKHQ QLFKW VSHQGLHUW DOV HU VLFK VHLQ *DUWHQKDXV YRUP
%XUJWRUJHEDXWKDWWH$EHUVRZDUHULPPHU«QREHOVSHQGDEHOHLQ
iODPRGH.DYDOLHU«©
0HKUPDOV KDWWH GLH *ORFNH GXUFKV JDQ]H +DXV JHJHOOW 3DVWRU
:XQGHUOLFK ODQJWH DQ HLQ XQWHUVHW]WHU DOWHU +HUU LQ ODQJHP
VFKZDU]HP 5RFN PLW JHSXGHUWHP +DDU XQG HLQHP ZHL‰HQ
EHKDJOLFKOXVWLJHQ*HVLFKWLQGHPHLQ3DDUJUDXHUPXQWHUHU$XJHQ
EOLQ]HOWHQ (U ZDU VHLW YLHOHQ -DKUHQ :LWZHU XQG UHFKQHWH VLFK ]X
GHQ -XQJJHVHOOHQ DXV GHU DOWHQ =HLW ZLH GHU ODQJH 0DNOHU +HUU
*UlWMHQVGHUPLWLKPNDPXQGEHVWlQGLJHLQHVHLQHUKDJHUHQ+lQGH
QDFK$UWHLQHV)HUQURKUV]XVDPPHQJHUROOWYRUV$XJHKLHOWDOVSUIH
HUHLQ*HPlOGHHUZDUHLQDOOJHPHLQDQHUNDQQWHU.XQVWNHQQHU
$XFK 6HQDWRU 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV QHEVW )UDX NDPHQ DQ ODQJMlKULJH
)UHXQGHGHV+DXVHVQLFKW]XYHUJHVVHQGHQ:HLQKlQGOHU.RSSHQ
PLW GHP JUR‰HQ GXQNHOURWHQ *HVLFKW GDV ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ
KRFKJHSROVWHUWHQbUPHOQVD‰XQGVHLQHJOHLFKIDOOVVRVHKUEHOHLEWH
*DWWLQ«
(V ZDU VFKRQ QDFK KDOE IQI 8KU DOV VFKOLH‰OLFK GLH .U|JHUV
HLQWUDIHQ GLH $OWHQ VRZRKO ZLH LKUH .LQGHU .RQVXO .U|JHUV PLW
LKUHQ6|KQHQ-DNREXQG-UJHQGLHLP$OWHUYRQ7RPXQG&KULVWLDQ
VWDQGHQ
8QG IDVW JOHLFK]HLWLJ PLW LKQHQ NDPHQ DXFK GLH (OWHUQ GHU
.RQVXOLQ.U|JHU+RO]JUR‰KlQGOHU2HYHUGLHFNQHEVW)UDXHLQDOWHV
]lUWOLFKHV (KHSDDU GDV VLFK YRU DOOHU 2KUHQ PLW GHQ EUlXWOLFKVWHQ
.RVHQDPHQ]XEHQHQQHQSIOHJWH
ª)HLQH/HXWHNRPPHQVSlW©VDJWH.RQVXO%XGGHQEURRNXQGN‰WH
VHLQHU6FKZLHJHUPXWWHUGLH+DQGªhZHUGHQQRRNJOLHNGFKWLJ©


XQG-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNPDFKWHHLQHZHLWH$UPEHZHJXQJEHUGLH
.U|JHU¶VFKH 9HUZDQGWVFKDIW KLQ LQGHP HU GHP $OWHQ GLH +DQG
VFKWWHOWH«
/HEUHFKW.U|JHUGHUiODPRGH.DYDOLHUHLQHJUR‰HGLVWLQJXLHUWH
(UVFKHLQXQJ WUXJ QRFK OHLFKW JHSXGHUWHV +DDU ZDU DEHU PRGLVFK
JHNOHLGHW $Q VHLQHU 6DPPHWZHVWH EOLW]WHQ ]ZHL 5HLKHQ YRQ
(GHOVWHLQNQ|SIHQ -XVWXV VHLQ 6RKQ PLW NOHLQHP %DFNHQEDUW XQG
VSLW] HPSRUJHGUHKWHP 6FKQXUUEDUW lKQHOWH ZDV )LJXU XQG
%HQHKPHQ DQEHWUDI VWDUN VHLQHP 9DWHU DXFK EHU GLH QlPOLFKHQ
UXQGHQXQGHOHJDQWHQ+DQGEHZHJXQJHQYHUIJWHHU
0DQ VHW]WH VLFK JDU QLFKW HUVW VRQGHUQ VWDQG LQ (UZDUWXQJ GHU
+DXSWVDFKH LQ HLQHP YRUOlXILJHQ XQG QDFKOlVVLJHQ *HVSUlFK
EHLHLQDQGHU 8QG -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN GHU bOWHUH ERW DXFK VFKRQ
0DGDPH .RSSHQVHLQHQ $UP LQGHP HU PLW YHUQHKPOLFKHU 6WLPPH
VDJWH
ª1D ZHQQ ZLU DOOH $SSHWLW KDEHQ PHVGDPHV HW PHVVLHXUV«©
0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQXQGGDV)ROJPlGFKHQKDWWHQGLHZHL‰H)OJHOWU
]XP 6SHLVHVDDO JH|IIQHW XQG ODQJVDP LQ ]XYHUVLFKWOLFKHU
*HPlFKOLFKNHLWEHZHJWHVLFKGLH*HVHOOVFKDIWKLQEHUPDQNRQQWH
HLQHVQDKUKDIWHQ%LVVHQVJHZlUWLJVHLQEHL%XGGHQEURRNV«

'ULWWHV.DSLWHO

'HUMQJHUH +DXVKHUU KDWWH DOV GHU DOOJHPHLQH $XIEUXFK EHJDQQ


PLW GHU +DQG QDFK GHU OLQNHQ %UXVWVHLWH JHJULIIHQ ZR HLQ 3DSLHU
NQLVWHUWH GDV JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH /lFKHOQ ZDU SO|W]OLFK YRQ VHLQHP
*HVLFKW YHUVFKZXQGHQ XP HLQHP JHVSDQQWHQ XQG EHVRUJWHQ
$XVGUXFN3ODW]]XPDFKHQXQGDQVHLQHQ6FKOlIHQVSLHOWHQDOVREHU
GLH =lKQH DXIHLQDQGHUELVVH HLQ SDDU 0XVNHOQ 1XU ]XP 6FKHLQ
PDFKWHHUHLQLJH6FKULWWHGHP6SHLVHVDDOH]XGDQQDEHUKLHOWHUVLFK
]XUFN XQG VXFKWH PLW GHQ $XJHQ VHLQH 0XWWHU GLH DOV HLQH GHU
OHW]WHQDQGHU6HLWH3DVWRU:XQGHUOLFKVGLH6FKZHOOHEHUVFKUHLWHQ
ZROOWHª3DUGRQOLHEHU+HUU3DVWRU«$XI]ZHL:RUWH0DPD©8QG
ZlKUHQG GHU 3DVWRU LKP PXQWHU ]XQLFNWH Q|WLJWH .RQVXO


%XGGHQEURRNGLHDOWH'DPHLQV/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU]XUFNXQG]XP
)HQVWHU
ª(VLVWXPNXU]]XVHLQHLQ%ULHIYRQ*RWWKROGJHNRPPHQ©VDJWH
HU UDVFK XQG OHLVH LQGHP HU LQ LKUH IUDJHQGHQ GXQNOHQ $XJHQ VDK
XQGGDVJHIDOWHWHXQGYHUVLHJHOWH3DSLHUDXVGHU7DVFKH]RJª'DVLVW
VHLQH+DQGVFKULIW«(VLVWGDVGULWWH6FKUHLEHQXQGQXUGDVHUVWHKDW
3DSD LKP EHDQWZRUWHW« :DV PDFKHQ" (V LVW VFKRQ XP ]ZHL 8KU
DQJHNRPPHQ XQG LFK KlWWH HV GHP 9DWHU OlQJVW HLQKlQGLJHQ
PVVHQ DEHU VROOWH LFK LKP KHXWH GLH 6WLPPXQJ YHUGHUEHQ" :DV
VDJHQ6LH"(VLVWLPPHUQRFK=HLWLKQKHUDXV]XELWWHQ«©
ª1HLQ GX KDVW UHFKW -HDQ ZDUWH GDPLW© VDJWH 0DGDPH
%XGGHQEURRNXQGHUID‰WHQDFKLKUHU*HZRKQKHLWPLWHLQHUVFKQHOOHQ
%HZHJXQJGHQ$UPLKUHV6RKQHVª:DVVROOGDULQVWHKHQ©IJWHVLH
EHNPPHUWKLQ]Xª(UJLEWQLFKWQDFKGHU-XQJH(UNDSUL]LHUWVLFK
DXI GLHVH (QWVFKlGLJXQJVVXPPH IU GHQ $QWHLO DP +DXVH« 1HLQ
QHLQ -HDQ QRFK QLFKW MHW]W« +HXWH DEHQG YLHOOHLFKW YRUP
=XEHWWHJHKQ«©
ª:DVWXQ"©ZLHGHUKROWHGHU.RQVXOLQGHPHUGHQJHVHQNWHQ.RSI
VFKWWHOWH ª,FK VHOEVW KDEH 3DSD RIW JHQXJ ELWWHQ ZROOHQ
QDFK]XJHEHQ« (V VROO QLFKW DXVVHKHQ DOV RE LFK GHU 6WLHIEUXGHU
PLFK EHL GHQ (OWHUQ HLQJHQLVWHW KlWWH XQG JHJHQ *RWWKROG
LQWULJLHUWH« DXFK GHP 9DWHU JHJHQEHU PX‰ LFK GHQ $QVFKHLQ
GLHVHU 5ROOH YHUPHLGHQ $EHU ZHQQ LFK HKUOLFK VHLQ VROO« LFK ELQ
VFKOLH‰OLFK $VVRFLH 8QG GDQQ EH]DKOHQ %HWKV\ XQG LFK YRUOlXILJ
HLQH JDQ] QRUPDOH 0LHWH IU GHQ ]ZHLWHQ 6WRFN« :DV PHLQH
6FKZHVWHULQ)UDQNIXUWEHWULIIWQXQVRLVWGLH6DFKHDUUDQJLHUW ,KU
0DQQ EHNRPPW VFKRQ MHW]W EHL 3DSDV /HE]HLWHQ HLQH
$EVWDQGVVXPPHHLQ9LHUWHOEOR‰YRQGHU+DXV.DXIVXPPH«'DV
LVWHLQYRUWHLOKDIWHV*HVFKlIWGDV3DSDVHKUJODWWXQGJXWHUOHGLJWKDW
XQG GDV LP 6LQQH GHU )LUPD K|FKVW HUIUHXOLFK LVW 8QG ZHQQ 3DSD
VLFK*RWWKROGJHJHQEHUVRJDQ]DEZHLVHQGYHUKlOWVRLVWGDV«©
ª1HLQ8QVLQQ-HDQGHLQ9HUKlOWQLV]XU6DFKHLVWGRFKZRKONODU
$EHU *RWWKROG JODXEW GD‰ LFK VHLQH 6WLHIPXWWHU QXU IU PHLQH
HLJHQHQ.LQGHUVRUJHXQGLKPVHLQHQ9DWHUJHIOLVVHQWOLFKHQWIUHPGH
'DVLVWGDV7UDXULJH«©


ª$EHU HV LVW VHLQH 6FKXOG© ULHI GHU .RQVXO EHLQDKH ODXW XQG
Pl‰LJWH GDQQ VHLQH 6WLPPH PLW HLQHP %OLFN QDFK GHP 6SHLVHVDDO
ª(V LVW VHLQH 6FKXOG GLHV WUDXULJH 9HUKlOWQLV 8UWHLOHQ 6LH VHOEVW
:DUXP NRQQWH HU QLFKW YHUQQIWLJ VHLQ :DUXP PX‰WH HU GLHVH
'HPRLVHOOH 6WZLQJ KHLUDWHQ XQG GHQ« /DGHQ«© 'HU .RQVXO
ODFKWH lUJHUOLFK XQG YHUOHJHQ EHL GLHVHP :RUWH ª(V LVW HLQH
6FKZlFKH9DWHUV:LGHUZLOOHJHJHQGHQ/DGHQDEHU*RWWKROGKlWWH
GLHVHNOHLQH(LWHONHLWUHVSHNWLHUHQPVVHQ«©
ª$FK-HDQGDVEHVWHZlUH3DSDJlEHQDFK©
ª$EHU NDQQ LFK GHQQ GD]X UDWHQ"© IOVWHUWH GHU .RQVXO PLW HLQHU
HUUHJWHQ +DQGEHZHJXQJ QDFK GHU 6WLUQ ª,FK ELQ SHUV|QOLFK
LQWHUHVVLHUWXQGGHVKDOE P‰WH LFK VDJHQ9DWHU EH]DKOH $EHULFK
ELQDXFK$VVRFLHLFKKDEHGLH,QWHUHVVHQGHU)LUPD]XYHUWUHWHQXQG
ZHQQ3DSDQLFKWJODXEWHLQHPXQJHKRUVDPHQXQGUHEHOOLVFKHQ6RKQ
JHJHQEHU GLH 9HUSIOLFKWXQJ ]X KDEHQ GHP %HWULHEVNDSLWDO GLH
6XPPH ]X HQW]LHKHQ« (V KDQGHOW VLFK XP PHKU DOV HOIWDXVHQG
.XUDQWWDOHU 'DV LVW JXWHV *HOG« 1HLQ QHLQ LFK NDQQ QLFKW
]XUDWHQ«DEHUDXFKQLFKWDEUDWHQ,FKZLOOQLFKWVGDYRQZLVVHQ1XU
GLH6]HQHPLW3DSDLVWPLUGHVDJUHDEOH«©
ª$EHQGVVSlW-HDQ.RPPQXQPDQZDUWHW«©
'HU .RQVXO EDUJ GDV 3DSLHU LQ GHU %UXVWWDVFKH ERW VHLQHU 0XWWHU
GHQ $UP XQG QHEHQHLQDQGHU EHUVFKULWWHQ VLH GLH 6FKZHOOH ]XP
KHOOHUOHXFKWHWHQ 6SHLVHVDDO ZR GLH *HVHOOVFKDIW PLW GHU 3ODFLHUXQJ
XPGLHODQJH7DIHOVRHEHQIHUWLJJHZRUGHQZDU
$XV GHP KLPPHOEODXHQ +LQWHUJUXQG GHU 7DSHWHQ WUDWHQ ]ZLVFKHQ
VFKODQNHQ 6lXOHQ ZHL‰H *|WWHUELOGHU IDVW SODVWLVFK KHUYRU 'LH
VFKZHUHQ URWHQ )HQVWHUYRUKlQJH ZDUHQ JHVFKORVVHQ XQG LQ MHGHP
:LQNHO GHV =LPPHUV EUDQQWHQ DXI HLQHP KRKHQ YHUJROGHWHQ
.DQGHODEHU DFKW .HU]HQ DEJHVHKHQ YRQ GHQHQ GLH LQ VLOEHUQHQ
$UPOHXFKWHUQ DXI GHU 7DIHO VWDQGHQ hEHU GHP PDVVLJHQ %IIHW
GHP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU JHJHQEHU KLQJ HLQ XPIDQJUHLFKHV
*HPlOGHHLQLWDOLHQLVFKHU*ROIGHVVHQEODXGXQVWLJHU7RQLQGLHVHU
%HOHXFKWXQJ DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK ZLUNVDP ZDU 0lFKWLJH VWHLIOHKQLJH
6RIDVLQURWHP'DPDVWVWDQGHQDQGHQ:lQGHQ
(V ZDU MHGH 6SXU YRQ %HVRUJQLV XQG 8QUXKH DXV GHP *HVLFKW
0DGDPH %XGGHQEURRNV YHUVFKZXQGHQ DOV VLH VLFK ]ZLVFKHQ GHP


DOWHQ .U|JHU GHU DQ GHU )HQVWHUVHLWH SUlVLGLHUWH XQG 3DVWRU
:XQGHUOLFK QLHGHUOLH‰ ª%RQ DSSHWLW© VDJWH VLH PLW LKUHP NXU]HQ
UDVFKHQ KHU]OLFKHQ .RSIQLFNHQ LQGHP VLH HLQHQ VFKQHOOHQ %OLFN
EHUGLHJDQ]H7DIHOELV]XGHQ.LQGHUQKLQXQWHUJOHLWHQOLH‰«

9LHUWHV.DSLWHO

ª:LHJHVDJWDOOH$FKWXQJ%XGGHQEURRN©EHUW|QWHGLHZXFKWLJH
6WLPPH GHV +HUUQ .RSSHQ GDV DOOJHPHLQH *HVSUlFK DOV GDV
)ROJPlGFKHQPLWGHQQDFNWHQURWHQ$UPHQGHPGLFNHQJHVWUHLIWHQ
5RFN XQG GHU NOHLQHQ ZHL‰HQ 0W]H DXI GHP +LQWHUNRSI XQWHU
%HLKLOIH 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQV XQG GHV 0lGFKHQV GHU .RQVXOLQ YRQ
REHQ GLH KHL‰H .UlXWHUVXSSH QHEVW JHU|VWHWHP %URW VHUYLHUW KDWWH
XQGPDQDQILQJEHKXWVDP]XO|IIHOQ
ª$OOH $FKWXQJ 'LHVH :HLWOlXILJNHLW GLHVH 1REOHVVH« LFK PX‰
VDJHQKLHUOl‰WVLFKOHEHQPX‰LFKVDJHQ«©+HUU.RSSHQKDWWHEHL
GHQIUKHUHQ%HVLW]HUQGHV+DXVHVQLFKWYHUNHKUWHUZDUQRFKQLFKW
ODQJH UHLFK VWDPPWH QLFKW JHUDGH DXV HLQHU 3DWUL]LHUIDPLOLH XQG
NRQQWH VLFK HLQLJHU 'LDOHNWVFKZlFKHQ ZLH GLH :LHGHUKROXQJ YRQ
ªPX‰ LFK VDJHQ© OHLGHUQRFK QLFKW HQWZ|KQHQ $X‰HUGHP VDJWH HU
ª$FKXQJ©VWDWWª$FKWXQJ©
ª+DW DXFK JDU NHLQ *HOG JHNRVWHW© EHPHUNWH WURFNHQ +HUU
*UlWMHQVGHUHVZLVVHQPX‰WHXQGEHWUDFKWHWHGXUFKGLHKRKOH+DQG
HLQJHKHQGGHQ*ROI
0DQKDWWHVRZHLWZLHP|JOLFKEXQWH5HLKHJHPDFKWXQGGLH.HWWH
GHU 9HUZDQGWHQ GXUFK +DXVIUHXQGH XQWHUEURFKHQ 6WUHQJ DEHU ZDU
GLHVQLFKWGXUFK]XIKUHQJHZHVHQXQGGLHDOWHQ2HYHUGLHFNVVD‰HQ
HLQDQGHUZLHJHZ|KQOLFKIDVWDXIGHP6FK|‰HVLFKLQQLJ]XQLFNHQG
'HU DOWH .U|JHU DEHU WKURQWH KRFK XQG JHUDGH ]ZLVFKHQ GHU
6HQDWRULQ /DQJKDOV XQG 0DGDPH $QWRLQHWWH XQG YHUWHLOWH VHLQH
+DQGEHZHJXQJHQ XQG VHLQH UHVHUYLHUWHQ 6FKHU]H DQ GLH EHLGHQ
'DPHQ


ª:DQQLVWGDV+DXVQRFKJHEDXWZRUGHQ"©IUDJWH+HUU +RIIVWHGH
VFKUlJ EHU GHQ 7LVFK KLQEHU GHQ DOWHQ %XGGHQEURRN GHU VLFK LQ
MRYLDOHP XQG HWZDV VS|WWLVFKHP 7RQH PLW 0DGDPH .RSSHQ
XQWHUKLHOW
ª$QQR« ZDUWH PDO« 8P  ZHQQLFK QLFKW LUUH 0HLQ 6RKQ
ZHL‰EULJHQVEHVVHUPLWVROFKHQ'DWHQ%HVFKHLG«©
ª=ZHLXQGDFKW]LJ© EHVWlWLJWH VLFK YRUEHXJHQG GHU .RQVXO GHU
ZHLWHUXQWHQRKQHHLQH7LVFKGDPHQHEHQ6HQDWRU/DQJKDOV VHLQHQ
3ODW] KDWWH ª LP :LQWHU LVW HV IHUWLJ JHZRUGHQ 0LW
¾5DWHQNDPS &RPS½ ILQJHVGDPDOVDQDXIVJOlQ]HQGVWHEHUJDXI
]XJHKHQ«7UDXULJGLHVHV6LQNHQGHU)LUPDLQGHQOHW]WHQ]ZDQ]LJ
-DKUHQ«©
(LQDOOJHPHLQHU6WLOOVWDQGGHV*HVSUlFKHVWUDWHLQXQGGDXHUWHHLQH
KDOEH 0LQXWH 0DQ EOLFNWH LQ VHLQHQ 7HOOHU XQG JHGDFKWH GLHVHU
HKHPDOV VR JOlQ]HQGHQ )DPLOLH GLH GDV +DXV HUEDXW XQG EHZRKQW
KDWWHXQGGLHYHUDUPWKHUXQWHUJHNRPPHQGDYRQJH]RJHQZDU«
ª7MD WUDXULJ© VDJWH GHU 0DNOHU *UlWMHQV ªZHQQ PDQ EHGHQNW
ZHOFKHU :DKQVLQQ GHQ 5XLQ KHUEHLIKUWH« :HQQ 'LHWULFK
5DWHQNDPS GDPDOV QLFKW GLHVHQ *HHOPDDFN ]XP .RPSDJQRQ
JHQRPPHQ KlWWH ,FK KDEH ZHL‰ *RWW GLH +lQGH EHU GHP .RSI
]XVDPPHQJHVFKODJHQDOVGHUDQILQJ]XZLUWVFKDIWHQ,FKZHL‰HVDXV
EHVWHU 4XHOOH PHLQH +HUUVFKDIWHQ ZLH JUHXOLFK GHU KLQWHU
5DWHQNDPSV5FNHQVSHNXOLHUWXQG:HFKVHOKLHUXQG$N]HSWH GRUW
DXI GHQ 1DPHQ GHU )LUPD JHJHEHQ KDW« 6FKOLH‰OLFK ZDU HV DXV«
'D ZDUHQ GLH %DQNHQ PL‰WUDXLVFK GD IHKOWH GLH 'HFNXQJ« 6LH
KDEHQNHLQH9RUVWHOOXQJ«:HUKDWDXFKQXUGDV/DJHUNRQWUROOLHUW"
*HHOPDDFNYLHOOHLFKW"6LHKDEHQGDZLHGLH5DWWHQJHKDXVWMDKUDXV
MDKUHLQ$EHU5DWHQNDPSNPPHUWHVLFKXPQLFKWV«©
ª(UZDUZLHJHOlKPW©VDJWHGHU.RQVXO6HLQ*HVLFKWKDWWHHLQHQ
GVWHUHQ XQG YHUVFKORVVHQHQ $XVGUXFN DQJHQRPPHQ (U EHZHJWH
YRUQEHUJHEHXJW GHQ /|IIHO LQ VHLQHU 6XSSH XQG OLH‰ GDQQ XQG
ZDQQ HLQHQ NXU]HQ %OLFN VHLQHU NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ WLHIOLHJHQGHQ
$XJHQ ]XP REHUHQ7LVFKHQGH KLQDXIVFKZHLIHQ ª(U JLQJ ZLH XQWHU
HLQHP 'UXFNH HLQKHU XQG LFK JODXEH PDQ NDQQ GLHVHQ 'UXFN
EHJUHLIHQ:DVYHUDQOD‰WHLKQVLFKPLW*HHOPDDFN]XYHUELQGHQGHU
ELWWHU ZHQLJ .DSLWDO KLQ]XEUDFKWH XQG GHP QLHPDQG GHQ EHVWHQ


/HXPXQG PDFKWH" (U PX‰ GDV %HGUIQLV HPSIXQGHQ KDEHQ HLQHQ
7HLO GHU IXUFKWEDUHQ 9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW DXI LUJHQG MHPDQGHQ
DE]XZlO]HQ ZHLO HU IKOWH GD‰ HV XQDXIKDOWVDP ]X (QGH JLQJ«
'LHVH )LUPD KDWWH DEJHZLUWVFKDIWHW GLHVH DOWH )DPLOLH ZDU SDVVHH
:LOKHOP*HHOPDDFNKDWVLFKHUOLFKQXUGHQOHW]WHQ$QVWR‰]XP5XLQ
JHJHEHQ«©
ª6LH VLQG DOVR GHU $QVLFKW ZHUWHU +HUU .RQVXO© VDJWH 3DVWRU
:XQGHUOLFKPLWEHGlFKWLJHP/lFKHOQXQGVFKHQNWHVHLQHU'DPHXQG
VLFK VHOEVW 5RWZHLQ LQV *ODV ªGD‰ DXFK RKQH GHQ +LQ]XWULWW GHV
*HHOPDDFNXQGVHLQHVZLOGHQ*HEDUHQV DOOHV JHNRPPHQ ZlUH ZLH
HVJHNRPPHQLVW"©
ª'DVZRKOQLFKW©VDJWHGHU.RQVXOJHGDQNHQYROOXQGRKQHVLFKDQ
HLQH EHVWLPPWH 3HUVRQ ]X ZHQGHQ ª$EHU LFK JODXEH GD‰ 'LHWULFK
5DWHQNDPS VLFK QRWZHQGLJ XQG XQYHUPHLGOLFK PLW *HHOPDDFN
YHUELQGHQPX‰WHGDPLWGDV6FKLFNVDOHUIOOWZUGH«(UPX‰XQWHU
GHP 'UXFN HLQHU XQHUELWWOLFKHQ 1RWZHQGLJNHLW JHKDQGHOW KDEHQ«
$FKLFKELQEHU]HXJWGD‰HUGDV7UHLEHQVHLQHV$VVRFLHVKDOEXQG
KDOE JHNDQQW KDW GD‰ HU DXFK EHU GLH =XVWlQGH LQ VHLQHP /DJHU
QLFKWVRYROOVWlQGLJXQZLVVHQGZDU$EHUHUZDUHUVWDUUW«©
ª1D DVVH] -HDQ© VDJWH GHU DOWH %XGGHQEURRN XQG OHJWH VHLQHQ
/|IIHODXVGHU+DQGª'DVLVWVRHLQHYRQGHLQHQLGHHV«©
'HU .RQVXO KRE PLW HLQHP ]HUVWUHXWHQ /lFKHOQ VHLQ *ODV VHLQHP
9DWHU HQWJHJHQ /HEUHFKW.U|JHU DEHU VSUDFK ª1HLQ KDOWHQ ZLU HV
QXQPLWGHUIU|KOLFKHQ*HJHQZDUW©
(U ID‰WH GDEHL YRUVLFKWLJ XQG HOHJDQW GHQ +DOV VHLQHU :HL‰ZHLQ
%RXWHLOOHDXIGHUHQ3IURSIHQHLQNOHLQHUVLOEHUQHU+LUVFKVWDQGOHJWH
VLHHLQZHQLJDXIGLH6HLWHXQGSUIWHDXIPHUNVDPGLH(WLNHWWHª&
) .RSSHQ© ODV HU XQG QLFNWH GHP :HLQKlQGOHU ]X ªDFK MD ZDV
ZlUHQZLURKQH6LH©
'LH 0HL‰HQHU 7HOOHU PLW *ROGUDQG ZXUGHQ JHZHFKVHOW ZREHL
0DGDPH $QWRLQHWWH GLH %HZHJXQJHQ GHU 0lGFKHQ VFKDUI
EHREDFKWHWH XQG 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ ULHI $QRUGQXQJHQ LQ GHQ
6FKDOOWULFKWHUGHV6SUDFKURKUHVKLQHLQGDVGHQ(‰VDDOPLWGHU.FKH
YHUEDQG (V ZXUGH )LVFK KHUXPJHUHLFKW XQG ZlKUHQG 3DVWRU
:XQGHUOLFKVLFKPLW9RUVLFKWEHGLHQWHVDJWHHU


ª'LHVH IU|KOLFKH *HJHQZDUW LVW LPPHUKLQ QLFKW VR JDQ]
VHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFK'LHMXQJHQ/HXWHGLHVLFKKLHUMHW]WPLWXQV$OWHQ
IUHXHQGHQNHQZRKOQLFKWGDUDQGD‰HVMHPDOVDQGHUVJHZHVHQVHLQ
N|QQWH« ,FK GDUI VDJHQ GD‰ LFK DQ GHQ 6FKLFNVDOHQ XQVHUHU
%XGGHQEURRNV QLFKW VHOWHQ SHUV|QOLFKHQ $QWHLO JHQRPPHQ KDEH«
,PPHUZHQQLFKGLHVH'LQJHYRU$XJHQKDEH©XQGHUZDQGWHVLFK
DQ 0DGDPH $QWRLQHWWH LQGHP HU HLQHQ GHU VFKZHUHQ VLOEHUQHQ
/|IIHO YRP 7LVFKH QDKP  ªPX‰ LFK GHQNHQ RE VLH QLFKW ]X GHQ
6WFNHQ JHK|UHQ GLH $QQR VHFKV XQVHU )UHXQG GHU 3KLORVRSK
/HQRLU 6HUJHDQW 6HLQHU0DMHVWlWGHV.DLVHUV 1DSROHRQ LQ +lQGHQ
KDWWH« XQG HULQQHUH PLFK XQVHUHU %HJHJQXQJ LQ GHU $OIVWUD‰H
0DGDPH«©
0DGDPH %XGGHQEURRN EOLFNWH PLW HLQHP KDOE YHUOHJHQHQ KDOE
HULQQHUXQJVVFKZHUHQ /lFKHOQ YRU VLFK QLHGHU7RP XQG 7RQ\ GRUW
XQWHQ GLH NHLQHQ )LVFK HVVHQ PRFKWHQ XQG GHP *HVSUlFK GHU
JUR‰HQ/HXWHDXIPHUNVDPJHIROJWZDUHQULHIHQEHLQDKHHLQVWLPPLJ
KHUDXIª$FKMDHU]lKOHQ6LH*UR‰PDPD©
$EHUGHU3DVWRUGHUZX‰WHGD‰VLHHVQLFKWOLHEWHYRQGLHVHPIU
VLH HLQ ZHQLJ SHLQOLFKHQ 9RUIDOO VHOEVW ]X EHULFKWHQ EHJDQQ VWDWW
LKUHU QRFK HLQPDO PLW GHUDOWHQ NOHLQHQ *HVFKLFKWHDXI ZHOFKH GLH
.LQGHU JHUQ ]XP KXQGHUWVWHQ 0DOH JHKRUFKW KlWWHQ XQG GLH
YLHOOHLFKWHLQHPRGHUGHPDQGHUHQQRFKXQEHNDQQWZDU«
ª.XU]XQGJXWPDQILJXULHUHVLFK(VLVWHLQ1RYHPEHUQDFKPLWWDJ
NDOW XQG UHJQLFKW GD‰ *RWW HUEDUP¶ LFK NRPPH YRQ HLQHP
$PWVJHVFKlIWGLH$OWVWUD‰HKLQDXIXQGGHQNHGHUVFKOLPPHQ=HLWHQ
)UVW%OFKHUZDUIRUWGLH )UDQ]RVHQ ZDUHQLQ GHU 6WDGW DEHU YRQ
GHU KHUUVFKHQGHQ (UUHJXQJ PHUNWH PDQ ZHQLJ 'LH 6WUD‰HQ ODJHQ
VWLOO GLH /HXWH VD‰HQ LQ LKUHQ +lXVHUQ XQG KWHWHQ VLFK
6FKODFKWHUPHLVWHU 3UDKO GHU PLW GHQ +lQGHQ LQ GHQ +RVHQWDVFKHQ
YRU VHLQHU 7U JHVWDQGHQ XQG PLW VHLQHU GU|KQHQGVWHQ 6WLPPH
JHVDJW KDWWH ¾'DW LVMHGHQQ GRFK ZROO ]X DUJ LV GDW MH GHQQ GRFK
ZROO½ ZDUHLQIDFKEDX]YRUGHQ.RSIJHNQDOOWZRUGHQ«1XQLFK
GHQNH'XZLOOVWHLQPDO]X%XGGHQEURRNVKLQHLQVHKHQHLQ=XVSUXFK
N|QQWH ZLOONRPPHQ VHLQ GHU 0DQQ OLHJW PLW GHU .RSIURVH XQG
0DGDPHZLUGPLWGHU(LQTXDUWLHUXQJ]XVFKDIIHQKDEHQ
'D LP QlPOLFKHQ 0RPHQW ZHQ VHKH LFK PLU HQWJHJHQNRPPHQ"
8QVHUH DOOYHUHKUWH 0DGDPH %XGGHQEURRN $OOHLQ LQ ZHOFKHU


9HUIDVVXQJ"6LHHLOWRKQH+XWGXUFKGHQ5HJHQVLHKDWNDXPHLQHQ
6FKDOXPGLH6FKXOWHUQJHZRUIHQVLHVWU]WPHKUDOVVLHJHKWXQG
LKUH FRLIIXUH LVW HLQH NRPSOHWWH :LUUQLV« 1HLQ GDV LVW ZDKU
0DGDPHHVZDUNDXPQRFKGLH5HGHYRQHLQHUFRLIIXUH
¾:HOFK DQJHQHKPH VXUSULVH½ VDJH LFK XQG HUODXEH PLU VLH GLH
PLFKJDUQLFKWVLHKWDPbUPHO]XKDOWHQGHQQPLU VFKZDQW QLFKWV
*XWHV«¾:RKLQGRFKVRVFKQHOOPHLQH/LHEH"½ 6LHEHPHUNWPLFK
VLH EOLFNW PLFK DQ VLH VW|‰W KHUYRU ¾6LQG 6LH¶V« OHEHQ 6LH ZRKO
$OOHVLVW]X(QGH,FKJHKHKLQXQWHULQGLH7UDYH½
¾%HKWH½ VDJHLFKXQGIKOHZLHLFKZHL‰ZHUGH¾'DVLVWGHU2UW
QLFKWIU6LHPHLQH/LHEH:DVLVWDEHUSDVVLHUW"½ 8QGLFKKDOWHVLH
VR IHVW DOV GHU 5HVSHNW HV ]XOl‰W ¾:DV SDVVLHUW LVW"½ UXIW VLH XQG
]LWWHUW¾6LHVLQGEHUGHP6LOEHU]HXJ:XQGHUOLFK'DVLVWSDVVLHUW
8QG-HDQOLHJWPLWGHU.RSIURVHXQGNDQQPLUQLFKWKHOIHQ8QGHU
N|QQWHDXFKQLFKWKHOIHQZlUHHUDXIGHQ%HLQHQ6LHVWHKOHQPHLQH
/|IIHOPHLQHVLOEHUQHQ/|IIHOGDVLVWSDVVLHUW:XQGHUOLFKXQGLFK
JHKHLQGLH7UDYH½
1XQLFKKDOWHXQVHUH)UHXQGLQLFKVDJHZDVPDQVDJWLQVROFKHQ
)lOOHQ¾&RXUDJH½VDJHLFK¾/LHEVWH½XQG¾$OOHVZLUGJXWZHUGHQ½
XQG ¾:LU ZROOHQ UHGHQ PLW GHQ /HXWHQ IDVVHQ 6LH VLFK LFK
EHVFKZ|UH6LHXQGJHKHQZLU½8QGLFKIKUHVLHGLH6WUD‰HKLQDXI
LQLKU+DXV,P(‰]LPPHUGUREHQILQGHQZLUGLH0LOL]ZLH0DGDPH
VLH YHUODVVHQ DQ GLH ]ZDQ]LJ 0DQQ KRFK GLH VLFK PLW GHU JUR‰HQ
7UXKHDEJHEHQZRGDV6LOEHU]HXJOLHJW
¾0LW ZHP YRQ ,KQHQ NDQQ LFK 5FNVSUDFKH QHKPHQ½ IUDJH LFK
K|IOLFK¾PHLQH+HUUHQ"½1XQPDQIDQJWDQ]XODFKHQXQGUXIW¾0LW
XQV DOOHQ 3DSD½ 'DQQ DEHUWULWW HLQHU YRU XQG SUlVHQWLHUW VLFK HLQ
0HQVFKGHUODQJLVWZLHHLQ%DXP PLWHLQHPVFKZDU]JHZLFKVWHQ
6FKQDX]EDUW XQG JUR‰HQ URWHQ +lQGHQ GLH DXV GHQ EHWUH‰WHQ
$XIVFKOlJHQ KHUDXVVHKHQ ¾/HQRLU½ VDJW HU XQG VDOXWLHUW PLW GHU
/LQNHQGHQQLQGHU5HFKWHQKlOWHUHLQ%QGHOYRQIQIRGHUVHFKV
VLOEHUQHQ/|IIHOQ¾/HQRLU6HUJHDQW:DVZQVFKWGHU+HUU"½
¾+HUU2IIL]LHU½VDJHLFKXQG]LHOHDXIGHQSRLQWG¶KRQQHXU¾6ROOWH
GLH %HVFKlIWLJXQJ PLW GLHVHQ 'LQJHQ VLFK PLW ,KUHU JOlQ]HQGHQ
&KDUJH YHUHLQEDUHQ"« 'LH 6WDGW KDW VLFK GHP .DLVHU QLFKW


YHUVFKORVVHQ« ½  ¾:DV ZROOHQ 6LH"½ DQWZRUWHW HU ¾'DV LVW GHU
.ULHJ'LH/HXWHEHQ|WLJHQGHUJOHLFKHQ*HVFKLUU«½
¾6LH VROOWHQ 5FNVLFKW QHKPHQ½ XQWHUEUDFK LFK LKQ GHQQ PLU
NRPPW HLQ *HGDQNH ¾'LHVH 'DPH½ VDJH LFK GHQQ ZDV VDJW PDQ
QLFKWLQVROFKHU/DJH¾GLH+HUULQGHV+DXVHVVLHLVWQLFKWHWZDHLQH
'HXWVFKH VLH LVW EHLQDKH ,KUH /DQGVPlQQLQ VLH LVW HLQH
)UDQ]|VLQ«½  ¾:LH HLQH )UDQ]|VLQ"½ ZLHGHUKROW HU 8QG ZDV
JODXEHQ 6LH GD‰ GLHVHU ODQJH +DXGHJHQ KLQ]XIJW"  ¾(LQH
(PLJUDQWLQ DOVR"½ VDJW HU ¾$EHU GDQQ LVW VLH HLQH )HLQGLQ GHU
3KLORVRSKLH½
,FK ELQ EDII DEHU LFK YHUVFKOXFNH PHLQ /DFKHQ ¾6LH VLQG½ VDJH
LFK¾HLQ0DQQYRQ.RSIZLHLFKVHKH,FKZLHGHUKROHGD‰HV PLU
,KUHUQLFKWZUGLJVFKHLQWVLFKPLWGLHVHQ'LQJHQ]XEHIDVVHQ½(U
VFKZHLJWHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNGDQQDEHUSO|W]OLFKZLUGHUURWHUZLUIW
VHLQHVHFKV/|IIHOLQGLH7UXKHXQGUXIW¾$EHUZHUVDJW,KQHQGHQQ
GD‰ LFK HWZDV DQGHUHV PLW GLHVHQ 'LQJHQ EHDEVLFKWLJWH DOV VLH HLQ
ZHQLJ ]X EHWUDFKWHQ" +EVFKH 6DFKHQ GDV :HQQ HLQHU RGHU GHU
DQGHUHGHU/HXWHHLQ6WFNDOV6RXYHQLUPLWVLFKQHKPHQVROOWH«½
1XQ VLH KDEHQ LPPHUKLQ QRFK JHQXJ 6RXYHQLUV PLW VLFK
JHQRPPHQ GD KDOI NHLQH %HUXIXQJ DXI PHQVFKOLFKH RGHU J|WWOLFKH
*HUHFKWLJNHLW« 6LH NDQQWHQ ZRKO NHLQHQ DQGHUHQ *RWW DOV GLHVHQ
IUFKWHUOLFKHQNOHLQHQ0HQVFKHQ«©

)QIWHV.DSLWHO

ª6LHKDEHQLKQJHVHKHQ+HUU3DVWRU"©
'LH 7HOOHU ZXUGHQ DXIV QHXH JHZHFKVHOW (LQ NRORVVDOHU
]LHJHOURWHU SDQLHUWHU 6FKLQNHQ HUVFKLHQ JHUlXFKHUW JHNRFKW QHEVW
EUDXQHU VlXHUOLFKHU 6FKDORWWHQVDXFH XQG VROFKHQ 0HQJHQ YRQ
*HPVHQ GD‰ DOOH DXV HLQHU HLQ]LJHQ 6FKVVHO VLFK KlWWHQ VlWWLJHQ
N|QQHQ /HEUHFKW .U|JHU EHUQDKP GDV 7UDQFKLHUHQ 'LH
(OOHQERJHQLQOHJHUHU:HLVHHUKREHQGLHODQJHQ=HLJHILQJHUJHUDGH
DXI GHQ 5FNHQ YRQ 0HVVHU XQG *DEHO DXVJHVWUHFNW VFKQLWW HU PLW


%HGDFKW GLH VDIWLJHQ 6WFNH KLQXQWHU $XFK GDV 0HLVWHUZHUN GHU
.RQVXOLQ %XGGHQEURRN GHU ¾5XVVLVFKH 7RSI½ HLQ SULFNHOQG XQG
VSLULWX|V VFKPHFNHQGHV *HPLVFK NRQVHUYLHUWHU )UFKWH ZXUGH
JHUHLFKW
1HLQ3DVWRU:XQGHUOLFKEHGDXHUWH%RQDSDUWHQLHPDOV]X*HVLFKWH
EHNRPPHQ ]X KDEHQ 'HU DOWH %XGGHQEURRN DEHU VRZRKO ZLH -HDQ
-DFTXHV+RIIVWHGHKDWWHQ LKQ YRQ $QJHVLFKW ]X $QJHVLFKW JHVHKHQ
HUVWHUHU ]X 3DULV XQPLWWHOEDU YRU GHU UXVVLVFKHQ .DPSDJQH
JHOHJHQWOLFK HLQHU 3DUDGH LP 6FKOR‰KRIH GHU 7XLOHULHQ OHW]WHUHU ]X
'DQ]LJ«
ª*RWWQHLQHUVDKQLFKWJHPWOLFKDXV©VDJWHHULQGHPHUHLQHQ
%LVVHQ YRQ 6FKLQNHQ 5RVHQNRKO XQG .DUWRIIHO GHQ HU DXI VHLQHU
*DEHO NRPSRQLHUW PLW HUKREHQHQ %UDXHQ LQ GHQ 0XQG VFKRE
ªhEULJHQVVROOHUVLFKJDQ]KHLWHUEHQRPPHQKDEHQLQ'DQ]LJ0DQ
HU]lKOWHVLFKGDPDOVHLQHQ6FKHU]«(UKDVDUGLHUWHGHQJDQ]HQ7DJ
PLWGHQ'HXWVFKHQXQG]ZDUQLFKWHEHQKDUPORVDEHQGVDEHUVSLHOWH
HUPLWVHLQHQ*HQHUlOHQ¾1¶HVWFHSDV5DSS½VDJWHHUXQGJULIIHLQH
+DQGYROO *ROG YRP 7LVFKH ¾OHV $OOHPDQGV DLPHQW EHDXFRXS FHV
SHWLWV 1DSROHRQV"½  ¾2XL 6LUH SOXV TXH OH *UDQG½ DQWZRUWHWH
5DSS«©
,Q GHU DOOJHPHLQHQ +HLWHUNHLW GLH ODXW ZXUGH  GHQQ +RIIVWHGH
KDWWH GLH $QHNGRWH KEVFK HU]lKOW XQG VRJDU HLQ ZHQLJ GDV
0LHQHQVSLHO GHV .DLVHUV PDUNLHUW  VDJWH GHU DOWH %XGGHQEURRN
ª1D XQJHVFKHU]W DOOHQ 5HVSHNW EULJHQV YRU VHLQHU SHUV|QOLFKHQ
*UR‰KHLW«:DVIUHLQH1DWXU©
'HU .RQVXO VFKWWHOWH HUQVWKDIW GHQ .RSI ª1HLQ QHLQ ZLU
-QJHUHQ YHUVWHKHQ QLFKW PHKU GLH 9HUHKUXQJVZUGLJNHLW GHV
0DQQHVGHUGHQ+HU]RJYRQ(QJKLHQHUPRUGHWHGHULQbJ\SWHQGLH
DFKWKXQGHUW*HIDQJHQHQQLHGHUPHW]HOWH«©
ª'DV DOOHV LVW P|JOLFKHUZHLVH EHUWULHEHQ XQG JHIlOVFKW© VDJWH
3DVWRU :XQGHUOLFK ª'HU +HU]RJ PDJ HLQ OHLFKWVLQQLJHU XQG
DXIUKUHULVFKHU+HUUJHZHVHQVHLQXQGZDVGLH*HIDQJHQHQEHWULIIW
VR ZDU LKUH ([HNXWLRQ ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK GHU ZRKOHUZRJHQH XQG
QRWZHQGLJH %HVFKOX‰ HLQHV NRUUHNWHQ .ULHJVUDWHV«© 8QG HU
HU]lKOWH YRQ HLQHP %XFKH GDV YRU HLQLJHQ -DKUHQ HUVFKLHQHQ ZDU


XQGGDVHUJHOHVHQKDWWHGDV:HUNHLQHV6HNUHWlUVGHV.DLVHUVGDV
YROOH$XIPHUNVDPNHLWYHUGLHQH«
ª*OHLFKYLHO©EHKDUUWHGHU.RQVXOLQGHPHUHLQH.HU]HSXW]WHGLH
LP $UPOHXFKWHU YRU LKP IODFNHUWH ª,FK EHJUHLIH HV QLFKW LFK
EHJUHLIH QLFKW GLH %HZXQGHUXQJ IU GLHVHQ 8QPHQVFKHQ $OV
FKULVWOLFKHU 0DQQ DOV0HQVFK YRQ UHOLJL|VHP (PSILQGHQ ILQGHLFK
LQPHLQHP+HU]HQNHLQHQ5DXPIUHLQVROFKHV*HIKO©
6HLQ *HVLFKW KDWWH HLQHQ VWLOOHQ XQG VFKZlUPHULVFKHQ $XVGUXFN
DQJHQRPPHQ MD HU KDWWH VRJDU GHQ .RSI HLQ ZHQLJ DXI GLH 6HLWH
JHOHJWZlKUHQGHVZDKUKDIWLJDXVVDKDOVREVHLQ9DWHUXQG3DVWRU
:XQGHUOLFKHLQDQGHUJDQ]OHLVH]XOlFKHOWHQ
ª-D MD© VFKPXQ]HOWH -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN ªDEHU GLH NOHLQHQ
1DSROHRQV ZDUHQ QLFKW EHO ZDV" 0HLQ 6RKQ VFKZlUPW PHKU IU
/RXLV3KLOLSS©IJWHHUKLQ]X
ª6FKZlUPW"© ZLHGHUKROWH -HDQ -DFTXHV +RIIVWHGH HLQ EL‰FKHQ
PRNDQW« ª(LQH NXULRVH =XVDPPHQVWHOOXQJ 3KLOLSS (JDOLWH XQG
VFKZlUPHQ«©
ª1XQ PLFK GQNW GD‰ ZLU YRQ GHU -XOL0RQDUFKLH EHL *RWW HLQH
0HQJH]X-HPHQKDEHQ«©'HU.RQVXOVSUDFKHUQVWXQGHLIULJª'DV
IUHXQGOLFKH XQG KLOIUHLFKH 9HUKlOWQLV GHV IUDQ]|VLVFKHQ
.RQVWLWXWLRQDOLVPXV ]X GHQ QHXHQ SUDNWLVFKHQ ,GHDOHQ XQG
,QWHUHVVHQGHU=HLW«LVWHWZDVVREHUDXV'DQNHQVZHUWHV«©
ª3UDNWLVFKH ,GHDOH« QD MD«© 'HU DOWH %XGGHQEURRN VSLHOWH
ZlKUHQG HLQHU 3DXVH GLH HU VHLQHQ .LQQODGHQ J|QQWH PLW VHLQHU
JROGHQHQ'RVHª3UDNWLVFKH,GHDOH«QHHLFK ELQ GD JDU QLFKIU©
(U YHUILHO YRU 9HUGUX‰ LQ GHQ 'LDOHNW ª'D VFKLH‰HQ QXQ GLH
JHZHUEOLFKHQ $QVWDOWHQ XQG GLH WHFKQLVFKHQ $QVWDOWHQ XQG GLH
+DQGHOVVFKXOHQ DXV GHU (UGH XQG GDV *\PQDVLXP XQG GLH
NODVVLVFKH %LOGXQJ VLQG SO|W]OLFK %HWLVHQ XQG DOOH :HOW GHQNW DQ
QLFKWVDOV%HUJZHUNH«XQG,QGXVWULH«XQG*HOGYHUGLHQHQ«%UDY
GDV DOOHV K|FKVW EUDY $EHU HLQ EL‰FKHQ VWXSLGH YRQ GHU DQGHUHQ
6HLWH VR DXI GLH 'DXHU  ZLH" ,FK ZHL‰ QLFKW ZDUXP HV PLU HLQ
$IIURQW LVW« LFK KDEH QLFKWV JHVDJW -HDQ« GLH -XOL0RQDUFKLH LVW
HLQHJXWH6DFKH«©
6HQDWRU /DQJKDOV DEHU VRZRKO ZLH *UlWMHQV XQG .RSSHQ VWDQGHQ
GHP .RQVXO ]XU 6HLWH« -D ZDKUKDIWLJ YRU GHU IUDQ]|VLVFKHQ


5HJLHUXQJ XQG GHQ JOHLFKDUWLJHQ %HVWUHEXQJHQ LQ 'HXWVFKODQG
PVVHPDQGLHJU|‰WH$FKWXQJKDEHQ«+HUU.RSSHQVDJWHZLHGHU
ª$FKXQJ©(UZDUQRFKYLHOU|WHUJHZRUGHQZlKUHQGGHV6SHLVHQV
XQG VFKQRE YHUQHKPOLFK 3DVWRU :XQGHUOLFKV *HVLFKW DEHU EOLHE
ZHL‰ IHLQ XQG DXIJHZHFNW REJOHLFK HU LQ DOOHU %HKDJOLFKNHLW HLQ
*ODVQDFKGHPDQGHUQWUDQN
'LH .HU]HQ EUDQQWHQ ODQJVDP ODQJVDP KLQXQWHU XQG OLH‰HQ GDQQ
XQG ZDQQ ZHQQ LKUH )ODPPHQ LP /XIW]XJH ]XU 6HLWH IODFNHUWHQ
HLQHQIHLQHQ:DFKVJHUXFKEHUGLH7DIHOKLQZHKHQ
0DQ VD‰ DXI KRFKOHKQLJHQ VFKZHUHQ 6WKOHQ VSHLVWH PLW
VFKZHUHP 6LOEHUJHUlW VFKZHUH JXWH 6DFKHQ WUDQN VFKZHUH JXWH
:HLQH GD]X XQG VDJWH VHLQH 0HLQXQJ 0DQ ZDU EDOG EHL GHQ
*HVFKlIWHQ XQG YHUILHO XQZLOONUOLFK PHKU XQG PHKU GDEHL LQ GHQ
'LDOHNW LQ GLHVH EHKDJOLFK VFKZHUIlOOLJH $XVGUXFNVZHLVH GLH
NDXIPlQQLVFKH .U]H VRZRKO ZLH ZRKOKDEHQGH 1DFKOlVVLJNHLW DQ
VLFK]XKDEHQVFKLHQXQGGLHKLHXQGGDPLWJXWPWLJHU6HOEVWLURQLH
EHUWULHEHQZXUGH0DQVDJWHQLFKWªDQGHU%|UVH©PDQVDJWHJDQ]
HLQIDFKªDQ%|UVH©«ZREHLPDQ]XPhEHUIOX‰GDVUZLHHLQNXU]HV
lDXVVSUDFKXQGHLQZRKOJHIlOOLJHV*HVLFKWGD]XPDFKWH
'LH'DPHQZDUHQGHP'LVSXWQLFKWODQJHJHIROJW0DGDPH.U|JHU
IKUWH EHL LKQHQ GDV :RUW LQGHP VLH LQ GHU DSSHWLWOLFKVWHQ $UW GLH
EHVWH 0DQLHU DXVHLQDQGHUVHW]WH .DUSIHQ LQ 5RWZHLQ ]X NRFKHQ«
ª:HQQVLHLQRUGHQWOLFKH6WFNHQ]HUVFKQLWWHQVLQG/LHEHGDQQPLW
=ZLHEHOQ XQG 1HONHQ XQG =ZLHEDFN LQ GLH .DVVHUROOH XQG GDQQ
NULHJHQ 6LH VLH PLW HWZDV =XFNHU XQG HLQHP /|IIHO %XWWHU ]X
)HXHU« $EHU QLFKW ZDVFKHQ /LHEVWH DOOHV %OXW PLWQHKPHQ XP
*RWWHVZLOOHQ«©
'HUDOWH.U|JHUOLH‰GLHDQJHQHKPVWHQ6FKHU]HHLQIOLH‰HQ.RQVXO
-XVWXV VHLQ 6RKQ DEHU GHU QHEHQ 'RNWRU *UDERZ ZHLWHU XQWHQ LQ
GHU 1lKH GHU .LQGHU VD‰ KDWWH PLW 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ HLQ
QHFNLVFKHV *HVSUlFK DQJHNQSIW VLH NQLII LKUH EUDXQHQ $XJHQ
]XVDPPHQ XQG KLHOW QDFK LKUHU *HZRKQKHLW 0HVVHU XQG *DEHO
JHUDGHHPSRULQGHPVLHVLHOHLFKWKLQXQGKHUEHZHJWH
6HOEVW 2HYHUGLHFNV ZDUHQ JDQ] ODXW XQG OHEHQGLJ JHZRUGHQ 'LH
DOWH .RQVXOLQ KDWWH HLQ QHXHV .RVHZRUW IU LKUHQ *DWWHQ HUIXQGHQ


ª'X JXWHV 6FKQXFNHOWLHU© VDJWH VLH XQG VFKWWHOWH LKUH +DXEH YRU
+HU]OLFKNHLW
'DV *HVSUlFK IOR‰ LQ HLQHQ *HJHQVWDQG ]XVDPPHQ DOV -HDQ
-DFTXHV+RIIVWHGHDXIVHLQ/LHEOLQJVWKHPD]XVSUHFKHQNDPDXIGLH
LWDOLHQLVFKH 5HLVH GLH HU YRU IQI]HKQ -DKUHQ PLW HLQHP UHLFKHQ
+DPEXUJHU 9HUZDQGWHQ JHPDFKW KDWWH (U HU]lKOWH YRQ 9HQHGLJ
5RP XQG GHP 9HVXY HU VSUDFK YRQ GHU 9LOOD %RUJKHVH ZR GHU
YHUVWRUEHQH *RHWKH HLQHQ 7HLO VHLQHV ¾)DXVW½ JHVFKULHEHQ KDEH HU
VFKZlUPWH YRQ 5HQDLVVDQFH%UXQQHQ GLH .KOXQJ VSHQGHWHQ YRQ
ZRKOEHVFKQLWWHQHQ $OOHHQ LQ GHQHQ HV VLFK VR DQJHQHKP
OXVWZDQGHOQ ODVVH XQG MHPDQG HUZlKQWH GHV JUR‰HQ YHUZLOGHUWHQ
*DUWHQVGHQ%XGGHQEURRNVJOHLFKKLQWHUGHP%XUJWRUHEHVD‰HQ«
ª-DPHLQHU7UHX© VDJWH GHU $OWH ª,FK lUJHUH PLFK QRFKLPPHU
GD‰ LFK PLFK VHLQHU]HLW QLFKW UHVROYLHUHQ NRQQWH LKQ HLQ EL‰FKHQ
PHQVFKOLFK KHUULFKWHQ ]X ODVVHQ ,FK ELQ NU]OLFK PDO ZLHGHU
KLQGXUFKJHJDQJHQHVLVWHLQH6FKDQGHGLHVHU8UZDOG:HOFKQHWW
%HVLW]WXP ZHQQ GDV *UDV JHSIOHJW GLH %lXPH KEVFK NHJHO XQG
ZUIHOI|UPLJEHVFKQLWWHQZlUHQ«©
'HU.RQVXODEHUSURWHVWLHUWHPLW(LIHUª8P*RWWHVZLOOHQ3DSD
,FKHUJHKHPLFKVRPPHUVGRUWJHUQLP*HVWUSSDEHUDOOHVZlUHPLU
YHUGRUEHQ ZHQQ GLH VFK|QH IUHLH 1DWXU VR NOlJOLFK
]XVDPPHQJHVFKQLWWHQZlUH«©
ª$EHU ZHQQ GLH IUHLH 1DWXU GRFK PLU JHK|UW KDEH LFK GD ]XP
.XFNXFN QLFKW GDV 5HFKW VLH QDFK PHLQHP %HOLHEHQ
KHU]XULFKWHQ«©
ª$FK9DWHUZHQQLFKGRUWLPKRKHQ*UDVHXQWHUGHPZXFKHUQGHQ
*HEVFKOLHJHLVWHVPLUHKHUDOVJHK|UWHLFKGHU1DWXUXQGDOVKlWWH
LFKQLFKWGDVPLQGHVWH5HFKWEHUVLH«©
ª.ULVFKDQ IUHHW PL QLFK WDX YHHO© ULHI SO|W]OLFK GHU DOWH
%XGGHQEURRN ª7KLOGD GHU VFKDGW HV QLFKWV« SDFNW HLQ ZLH V|EHQ
'UHVFKHUGLH'LUQ«©
8QGZDKUKDIWLJHVZDU]XP(UVWDXQHQZHOFKH)lKLJNHLWHQGLHVHV
VWLOOH PDJHUH .LQG PLW GHP ODQJHQ lOWOLFKHQ *HVLFKW EHLP (VVHQ
HQWZLFNHOWH6LHKDWWHDXIGLH)UDJHREVLH]XP]ZHLWHQ0DOH6XSSH
ZQVFKH JHGHKQW XQG GHPWLJ JHDQWZRUWHW ª-DELWWH© 6LH KDWWH
VLFK YRP )LVFK ZLH YRP 6FKLQNHQ ]ZHLPDO MH ]ZHL GHU JU|‰WHQ


6WFNH QHEVW VWDUNHQ +DXIHQ YRQ =XWDWHQ JHZlKOW VRUJVDP XQG
NXU]VLFKWLJ EHU GHQ 7HOOHU JHEHXJW XQG VLH YHU]HKUWH DOOHV RKQH
hEHUKDVWXQJ VWLOO XQG LQ JUR‰HQ %LVVHQ $XI GLH :RUWH GHV DOWHQ
+DXVKHUUQ DQWZRUWHWH VLH QXU ODQJJH]RJHQ IUHXQGOLFK YHUZXQGHUW
XQGHLQIlOWLJ
ª*RWW  2QNHO"© 6LH OLH‰ VLFK QLFKW HLQVFKFKWHUQ VLH D‰ RE HV
DXFK QLFKW DQVFKOXJ XQG RE PDQ VLH YHUVSRWWHWH PLW GHP
LQVWLQNWPl‰LJ DXVEHXWHQGHQ $SSHWLW GHU DUPHQ 9HUZDQGWHQ DP
UHLFKHQ)UHLWLVFKHOlFKHOWHXQHPSILQGOLFKXQGEHGHFNWHLKUHQ7HOOHU
PLWJXWHQ'LQJHQJHGXOGLJ]lKKXQJULJXQGPDJHU

6HFKVWHV.DSLWHO

1XQ NDP LQ ]ZHL JUR‰HQ .ULVWDOOVFKVVHOQ GHU ¾3OHWWHQSXGGLQJ½


HLQVFKLFKWZHLVHV*HPLVFKDXV0DNURQHQ+LPEHHUHQ%LVNXLWVXQG
(LHUFUHPH DP XQWHUHQ 7LVFKHQGH DEHU EHJDQQ HV DXI]XIODPPHQ
GHQQ GLH .LQGHU KDWWHQ LKUHQ /LHEOLQJV1DFKWLVFK GHQ EUHQQHQGHQ
3OXPSXGGLQJEHNRPPHQ
ª7KRPDVPHLQ6RKQVHLPDOVRJXW©VSUDFK-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRN
XQG ]RJ VHLQ JUR‰HV 6FKOVVHOEXQG DXV GHU %HLQNOHLGWDVFKH ª,P
]ZHLWHQ.HOOHUUHFKWVGDV]ZHLWH)DFKKLQWHUGHPURWHQ%RUGHDX[
]ZHL%RXWHLOOHQGX"©
8QG 7KRPDV GHU VLFKDXIVROFKH $XIWUlJH YHUVWDQG OLHI IRUW XQG
NDP ZLHGHU PLW GHQ JDQ] YHUVWDXEWHQ XQG XPVSRQQHQHQ )ODVFKHQ
.DXP DEHU ZDU DXV GLHVHU XQVFKHLQEDUHQ +OOH GHU JROGJHOEH
WUDXEHQV‰H DOWH 0DOYDVLHU LQ GLH NOHLQHQ 'HVVHUWZHLQJOlVHU
JHIORVVHQDOVGHU$XJHQEOLFNJHNRPPHQZDUGD3DVWRU:XQGHUOLFK
VLFKHUKREXQGZlKUHQGGDV*HVSUlFKYHUVWXPPWHGDV*ODVLQGHU
+DQGLQDQJHQHKPHQ:HQGXQJHQ]XWRDVWHQEHJDQQ(UVSUDFKGHQ
.RSIHLQZHQLJ]XU6HLWHJHQHLJWHLQIHLQHVXQGVSD‰KDIWHV/lFKHOQ
DXIVHLQHPZHL‰HQ*HVLFKWXQGGLHIUHLH+DQGLQ]LHUOLFKHQNOHLQHQ
*HVWHQEHZHJHQGLQGHPIUHLHQXQGEHKDJOLFKHQ3ODXGHUWRQGHQHU
DXFKDXIGHU.DQ]HOLQQH]XKDOWHQOLHEWH«


ª8QG ZRKODQ VR ODVVHQ 6LH VLFK GHQQ EHOLHEHQ PHLQH ZDFNHUHQ
)UHXQGHHLQ*ODVGLHVHVDUWLJHQ7URSIHQVPLWPLU]XOHHUHQDXIGLH
:RKOIDKUWXQVHUHUYLHOJHHKUWHQ:LUWHLQLKUHPQHXHQVRSUlFKWLJHQ
+HLP  DXI GLH :RKOIDKUW GHU )DPLOLH %XGGHQEURRN GHU
DQZHVHQGHQVRZRKOZLHGHUDEZHVHQGHQ0LWJOLHGHU«YLYDQWKRFK©
¾'LHDEZHVHQGHQ0LWJOLHGHU"½GDFKWHGHU.RQVXOZlKUHQGHUVLFK
YRU GHQ *OlVHUQ YHUEHXJWH GLH PDQ LKP HQWJHJHQKRE ¾6LQG GDPLW
QXU GLH LQ )UDQNIXUW XQG YLHOOHLFKW GLH 'XFKDPSV LQ +DPEXUJ
JHPHLQWRGHUKDWGHUDOWH:XQGHUOLFKVHLQH+LQWHUJHGDQNHQ«"½(U
VWDQG DXI XP VHLQ *ODV DQ GDV VHLQHV 9DWHUV NOLQJHQ ]X ODVVHQ
LQGHPHULKPKHU]OLFKLQGLH$XJHQEOLFNWH
1XQDEHUNDPGHU0DNOHU*UlWMHQVYRQVHLQHP6WXKOHHPSRUXQG
GDVQDKP=HLWLQ$QVSUXFKDOVHVDEHUHLQ(QGHJHQRPPHQKDWWHGD
ZLGPHWH HU PLW VHLQHU HWZDV NUHLVFKHQGHQ 6WLPPH HLQ *ODV GHU
)LUPD -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN XQG LKUHP IHUQHUHQ :DFKVHQ %OKHQ
XQG*HGHLKHQ]XU(KUHGHU6WDGW
8QG-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNGDQNWHIUDOOHGLHIUHXQGOLFKHQ:RUWH
DOV 2EHUKDXSW GHU )DPLOLH ]XP HUVWHQ XQG DOV lOWHUHU &KHI GHV
+DQGHOVKDXVHV ]XP ]ZHLWHQ ± XQG VFKLFNWH 7KRPDV QDFK HLQHU
GULWWHQ %RXWHLOOH 0DOYDVLHU GHQQ GLH %HUHFKQXQJ KDWWH VLFK DOV
IDOVFKHUZLHVHQGD‰]ZHLJHQJHQZUGHQ
$XFK /HEUHFKW .U|JHU VSUDFK (U HUODXEWH VLFK VLW]HQ ]X EOHLEHQ
GDEHLZHLOGDVHLQHQQRFKNXODQWHUHQ(LQGUXFNPDFKWHXQGQXUDXIV
JHIlOOLJVWHPLW.RSIXQG+lQGHQ]XJHVWLNXOLHUHQZlKUHQGHUVHLQHQ
7ULQNVSUXFKGHQEHLGHQ'DPHQGHV+DXVHV0DGDPH$QWRLQHWWHXQG
GHU.RQVXOLQJHOWHQOLH‰
$OVHUDEHUJHHQGHWDOVGHU3OHWWHQSXGGLQJVFKRQEHLQDKHYHUVSHLVW
ZDU XQG GHU0DOYDVLHU ]XU 1HLJH JLQJ GD HUKRE VLFK ODQJVDP PLW
HLQHP 5lXVSHUQ XQG XQWHU HLQHP DOOJHPHLQHQ ª$K© +HUU -HDQ
-DFTXHV +RIIVWHGH« GLH .LQGHU GD XQWHQ DSSODXGLHUWHQ JHUDGH]X
YRU )UHXGH ª-D H[FXVH] LFK NRQQWH QLFKW XPKLQ«© VSUDFK HU
ZREHL HU OHLFKW VHLQH VSLW]H 1DVH EHUKUWH XQG HLQ 3DSLHU DXV GHU
5RFNWDVFKH ]RJ« (LQ WLHIHV 6WLOOVFKZHLJHQ YHUEUHLWHWH VLFK LP
6DDOH
'DV %ODWW GDV HU LQ +lQGHQ KLHOW ZDU DOOHUOLHEVW NXQWHUEXQW XQG
YRQ HLQHP 2YDO GDV DXI GHU $X‰HQVHLWH YRQ URWHQ %OXPHQ XQG


YLHOHQ JROGHQHQ 6FKQ|UNHOQ JHELOGHW ZDUG YHUODV HU GLH :RUWH
ª*HOHJHQWOLFK GHU IUHXQGVFKDIWOLFKHQ 7HLOQDKPH DQ GHP IURKHQ
(LQZHLKXQJVIHVWH GHV QHXHUZRUEHQHQ +DXVHV PLW GHU )DPLOLH
%XGGHQEURRN2NWREHU©
8QGGDQQZHQGHWHHUXQGEHJDQQPLWVHLQHUVFKRQHWZDV]LWWHUQGHQ
6WLPPH

ª+RFKYHUHKUWH1LFKWYHUVlXPHQ
GDUIHVPHLQEHVFKHLGHQ/LHG
(XFK]XQDK¶QLQGLHVHQ5lXPHQ
GLHGHU+LPPHOHXFKEHVFKLHG
'LUVROO¶V)UHXQGLP6LOEHUKDDUH
XQGGHUZUG¶JHQ*DWWLQGHLQ
(XUHU.LQGHUWUDXWHP3DDUH
IUHXGHYROOJHZLGPHWVHLQ
7FKWLJNHLWXQG]FKW¶JH6FK|QH
VLFKYRUXQVHUHP%OLFNYHUEDQG
9HQXV$QDG\RPHQH
XQG9XOFDQLIOHL‰¶JH+DQG
.HLQHWUEH=XNXQIWVW|UH
(XUHV/HEHQV)U|KOLFKNHLW
MHGHUQHXH7DJJHZlKUH
(XFKVWHWVQHXH6HOLJNHLW
)UHXHQMDXQHQGOLFKIUHXHQ
ZLUGPLFKHXHUNQIWLJ*OFN
2ELFKRIWGHQ:XQVFKHUQHXHQ
ZHUGHVDJWHXFKLW]WPHLQ%OLFN
/HEHWZRKOLPSUlFKW¶JHQ+DXVH
XQGEHKDOWHWZHUWXQGOLHE
GHQGHULQJHULQJHU.ODXVH
KHXWHGLHVH=HLOHQVFKULHE©

(U YHUEHXJWH VLFK XQG HLQ HLQPWLJHU EHJHLVWHUWHU %HLIDOO EUDFK


ORV ª&KDUPDQW +RIIVWHGH© ULHI GHU DOWH %XGGHQEURRN ª'HLQ
:RKO1HLQGDVZDUDOOHUOLHEVW©


$OVDEHUGLH.RQVXOLQPLWGHP'LFKWHUWUDQNIlUEWHHLQJDQ]IHLQHV
5RW LKUHQ ]DUWHQ 7HLQW GHQQ VLH KDWWH ZRKO GLH DUWLJH 5HYHUHQ]
EHPHUNW GLH HU EHL GHU ª9HQXV $QDG\RPHQH© QDFK LKUHU 6HLWH
YROOIKUWKDWWH«

6LHEHQWHV.DSLWHO

'LH DOOJHPHLQH 0XQWHUNHLW KDWWH QXQ LKUHQ *LSIHO HUUHLFKW XQG


+HUU .RSSHQ YHUVSUWH GDV GHXWOLFKH %HGUIQLV HLQ SDDU .Q|SIH
VHLQHU :HVWH ]X |IIQHQ DEHU GDV JLQJ ZRKO OHLGHU QLFKW DQ GHQQ
QLFKWHLQPDOGLHDOWHQ+HUUHQHUODXEWHQVLFKGHUJOHLFKHQ
/HEUHFKW.U|JHUVD‰QRFKJHQDXVRDXIUHFKWDQVHLQHP3ODW]H ZLH
]X %HJLQQ GHU 0DKO]HLW 3DVWRU :XQGHUOLFK EOLHE ZHL‰ XQG
IRUPJHZDQGW GHU DOWH %XGGHQEURRN KDWWH VLFK ]ZDU HLQ EL‰FKHQ
]XUFNJHOHJW ZDKUWH DEHU GHQ IHLQVWHQ $QVWDQG XQG QXU -XVWXV
.U|JHUZDUHUVLFKWOLFKHLQZHQLJEHWUXQNHQ
:RZDU'RNWRU*UDERZ"'LH.RQVXOLQHUKREVLFKJDQ]XQDXIIlOOLJ
XQG JLQJ GDYRQ GHQQ GRUW XQWHQ ZDUHQ GLH 3OlW]H YRQ 0DPVHOO
-XQJPDQQ'RNWRU*UDERZXQG&KULVWLDQIUHLJHZRUGHQXQGDXVGHU
6lXOHQKDOOHNODQJHVEHLQDKHZLHXQWHUGUFNWHV-DPPHUQ6LHYHUOLH‰
VFKQHOO KLQWHU GHP )ROJPlGFKHQ GDV %XWWHU .lVH XQG )UFKWH
VHUYLHUWKDWWHGHQ6DDOXQGZDKUKDIWLJGRUWLP+DOEGXQNHODXIGHU
UXQGHQ3ROVWHUEDQNGLHVLFKXPGLHPLWWOHUH6lXOH]RJVD‰ODJRGHU
NDXHUWHGHUNOHLQH&KULVWLDQXQGlFK]WHOHLVHXQGKHU]EUHFKHQG
ª$FK *RWW 0DGDPFKHQ© VDJWH ,GD GLH PLW GHP 'RNWRU EHL LKP
VWDQGª&KULVWLDQGHP-XQJFKHQLVWJDUVRVFKOHFKW«©
ª0LULVWEHO0DPDPLULVWYHUGDPPWEHO©ZLPPHUWH&KULVWLDQ
ZlKUHQG VHLQH UXQGHQ WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ EHU GHU DOO]X JUR‰HQ
1DVHXQUXKLJKLQXQGKHUJLQJHQ(UKDWWHGDVªYHUGDPPW©QXUDXV
EHUJUR‰HU 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ KHUYRUJHVWR‰HQ GLH .RQVXOLQ DEHU VDJWH
ª:HQQ ZLU VROFKH :RUWH JHEUDXFKHQ VWUDIW XQV GHU OLHEH *RWW PLW
QRFKJU|‰HUHUhEHONHLW©


'RNWRU *UDERZ IKOWH GHQ 3XOV VHLQ JXWHV *HVLFKW VFKLHQ QRFK
OlQJHU XQG PLOGHU JHZRUGHQ ]X VHLQ ª(LQH NOHLQH ,QGLJHVWLRQ«
QLFKWVYRQ%HGHXWXQJ)UDX.RQVXOLQ©WU|VWHWHHU8QGGDQQIXKU
HULQVHLQHPODQJVDPHQSHGDQWLVFKHQ$PWVWRQHIRUWª(VGUIWHGDV
EHVWH VHLQ LKQ ]X %HWWH ]X EULQJHQ« HLQ EL‰FKHQ .LQGHUSXOYHU
YLHOOHLFKW HLQ 7l‰FKHQ .DPLOOHQWHH ]XP 7UDQVSLULHUHQ« 8QG
VWUHQJH'LlW)UDX.RQVXOLQ":LHJHVDJWVWUHQJH'LlW(LQZHQLJ
7DXEHHLQZHQLJ)UDQ]EURW«©
ª,FKZLOONHLQH7DXEH©ULHI&KULVWLDQDX‰HUVLFKª,FKZLOOQLHPDOV
ZLHGHUHWZDVHVVHQ0LULVWEHOPLULVWYHUGDPPWEHO©'DVVWDUNH
:RUW VFKLHQ LKP JHUDGH]X /LQGHUXQJ ]X EHUHLWHQ PLW VROFKHU
,QEUXQVWVWLH‰HUHVKHUYRU
'RNWRU*UDERZOlFKHOWHYRUVLFKKLQPLWHLQHPQDFKVLFKWLJHQXQG
EHLQDKH HWZDVVFKZHUPWLJHQ /lFKHOQ 2KHU ZUGH VFKRQ ZLHGHU
HVVHQGHUMXQJH0DQQ(UZUGHOHEHQZLHDOOH:HOW(UZUGHZLH
VHLQH 9lWHU 9HUZDQGWHQ XQG %HNDQQWHQ VHLQH 7DJH VLW]HQG
YHUEULQJHQXQGYLHUPDOLQ]ZLVFKHQVRDXVJHVXFKWVFKZHUHXQGJXWH
'LQJH YHU]HKUHQ« 1XQ *RWW EHIRKOHQ (U )ULHGULFK *UDERZ ZDU
QLFKW GHUMHQLJH ZHOFKHU GLH /HEHQVJHZRKQKHLWHQ DOOHU GLHVHU
EUDYHQ ZRKOKDEHQGHQ XQG EHKDJOLFKHQ .DXIPDQQVIDPLOLHQ
XPVWU]HQ ZUGH (U ZUGH NRPPHQ ZHQQ HU JHUXIHQ ZUGH XQG
IUHLQHQRGHU]ZHL7DJHVWUHQJH'LlWHPSIHKOHQHLQZHQLJ7DXEH
HLQ 6FKHLEFKHQ )UDQ]EURW« MD MD  XQG PLW JXWHP *HZLVVHQ
YHUVLFKHUQGD‰HVIUGLHVPDOQLFKWV]XEHGHXWHQKDEH
(U KDWWH VRMXQJ HU ZDU GLH +DQG PDQFKHV ZDFNHUHQ %UJHUV LQ
GHU VHLQHQ JHKDOWHQ GHU VHLQH OHW]WH .HXOH 5DXFKIOHLVFK VHLQHQ
OHW]WHQ JHIOOWHQ 3XWHU YHU]HKUW KDWWH XQG VHL HV SO|W]OLFK XQG
EHUUDVFKW LQ VHLQHP .RQWRUVHVVHO RGHU QDFK HLQLJHP /HLGHQ LQ
VHLQHPVROLGHQDOWHQ%HWWVLFK*RWWEHIDKO(LQ6FKODJKLH‰HVGDQQ
HLQH/lKPXQJHLQSO|W]OLFKHUXQGXQYRUKHUJHVHKHQHU7RG«MDMD
XQG HU )ULHGULFK *UDERZ KlWWH VLH LKQHQ YRUUHFKQHQ N|QQHQ DOOH
GLH YLHOHQ 0DOH ZR HV ªQLFKWV DXI VLFK JHKDEW KDWWH© ZR HU
YLHOOHLFKW QLFKW HLQPDO JHUXIHQ ZDU ZR QXU YLHOOHLFKW QDFK 7LVFKH
ZHQQPDQLQV.RQWRU]XUFNJHNHKUWZDUHLQNOHLQHUPHUNZUGLJHU
6FKZLQGHOVLFKJHPHOGHWKDWWH«1XQ*RWWEHIRKOHQ(U )ULHGULFK
*UDERZ ZDU VHOEVW QLFKW GHUMHQLJH GHU GLH JHIOOWHQ 3XWHU
YHUVFKPlKWH 'LHVHU SDQLHUWH 6FKLQNHQ PLW 6FKDORWWHQVDXFH KHXWH


ZDUGHOLNDWJHZHVHQ]XP7HXIHOXQGGDQQDOVPDQVFKRQVFKZHU
DWPHWHGHU3OHWWHQSXGGLQJ0DNURQHQ+LPEHHUHQXQG(LHUVFKDXP
MDMD«
ª6WUHQJH'LlWZLHJHVDJW)UDX.RQVXOLQ"(LQZHQLJ7DXEHHLQ
ZHQLJ)UDQ]EURW«©

$FKWHV.DSLWHO

'ULQQHQ LP (‰VDDOH KHUUVFKWH $XIEUXFK ª:RKO EHNRPP¶V


PHVGDPHV HW PHVVLHXUV JHVHJQHWH 0DKO]HLW 'UEHQ ZDUWHW IU
/LHEKDEHU HLQH =LJDUUH XQG HLQ 6FKOXFN .DIIHH IU XQV DOOH XQG
ZHQQ0DGDPHVSHQGDEHOLVWHLQ/LN|U«'LH%LOODUGVKLQWHQVLQG
]X MHGHUPDQQV 9HUIJXQJ ZLH VLFK YHUVWHKW -HDQ GX EHUQLPPVW
ZRKOGLH)KUXQJLQV+LQWHUKDXV«0DGDPH.RSSHQGLH(KUH«©
3ODXGHUQGEHIULHGLJWXQGLQEHVWHU/DXQH:QVFKHLQEHWUHIIHLQHU
JHVHJQHWHQ 0DKO]HLW DXVWDXVFKHQG YHUIJWH PDQ VLFK GXUFK GLH
JUR‰H )OJHOWU LQV /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU ]XUFN $EHU GHU .RQVXO
JLQJ QLFKW HUVW KLQEHU VRQGHUQ YHUVDPPHOWH VRIRUW GLH
ELOODUGOXVWLJHQ +HUUHQ XP VLFK ª6LH ZROOHQ NHLQH 3DUWLH ULVNLHUHQ
9DWHU"©
1HLQ/HEUHFKW.U|JHUEOLHEEHLGHQ'DPHQDEHU-XVWXVN|QQHMD
QDFKKLQWHQJHKHQ«$XFK6HQDWRU/DQJKDOV.RSSHQ*UlWMHQVXQG
'RNWRU *UDERZ KLHOWHQ ]XP .RQVXO ZlKUHQG -HDQ -DFTXHV
+RIIVWHGH QDFKNRPPHQ ZROOWH ª6SlWHU VSlWHU  -RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRNZLOO)O|WHEODVHQGDVPX‰LFKDEZDUWHQ«$XUHYRLU
PHVVLHXUV«©
'LH VHFKV +HUUHQ K|UWHQ QRFK DOV VLH GXUFK GLH 6lXOHQKDOOH
VFKULWWHQ LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU GLH HUVWHQ )O|WHQW|QH DXINOLQJHQ
YRQGHU.RQVXOLQDXIGHP+DUPRQLXPEHJOHLWHWHLQH NOHLQH KHOOH
JUD]L|VH0HORGLHGLHVLQQLJGXUFKGLHZHLWHQ5lXPHVFKZHEWH
'HU.RQVXOODXVFKWHVRODQJHHWZDV]XK|UHQZDU(UZlUHJDU]X
JHUQ LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU ]XUFNJHEOLHEHQ XP LQ HLQHP


/HKQVHVVHO EHL GLHVHQ .OlQJHQ VHLQHQ 7UlXPHQ XQG *HIKOHQ
QDFK]XKlQJHQDOOHLQGLH:LUWVSIOLFKW«
ª%ULQJHHLQSDDU7DVVHQ.DIIHHXQG=LJDUUHQLQGHQ%LOODUGVDDO©
VDJWHHU]XGHP)ROJPlGFKHQGDVEHUGHQ9RUSODW]JLQJ
ª-D/LQH.DIIHHGX".DIIHH©ZLHGHUKROWH+HUU.RSSHQPLWHLQHU
6WLPPHGLHDXVYROOHP0DJHQNDPXQGYHUVXFKWHGDV0lGFKHQLQ
GHQURWHQ$UP]XNQHLIHQ(UVSUDFKGDVNJDQ]KLQWHQLP+DOVHDOV
VFKOXFNHXQGVFKPHFNHHUEHUHLWV
ª,FKELQEHU]HXJWGD‰ 0DGDPH .RSSHQ GXUFK GLH *ODVVFKHLEHQ
JHVHKHQKDW©EHPHUNWH.RQVXO.U|JHU
6HQDWRU /DQJKDOV IUDJWH ª'D REHQ ZRKQVW GX DOVR
%XGGHQEURRN"©
5HFKWV IKUWH GLH 7UHSSH LQ GHQ ]ZHLWHQ 6WRFN KLQDXI ZR GLH
6FKODI]LPPHU GHV .RQVXOV XQG VHLQHU )DPLOLH ODJHQ DEHU DXFK DQ
GHU OLQNHQ 6HLWH GHV 9RUSODW]HV EHIDQG VLFK QRFK HLQH 5HLKH YRQ
5lXPHQ 'LH +HUUHQ VFKULWWHQ UDXFKHQG GLH EUHLWH 7UHSSH PLW GHP
ZHL‰ODFNLHUWHQGXUFKEURFKHQHQ+RO]JHOlQGHUKLQXQWHU
$XIGHP$EVDW]EOLHEGHU.RQVXOVWHKHQª'LHV=ZLVFKHQJHVFKR‰
LVWQRFKGUHL=LPPHUWLHI©HUNOlUWHHUªGDV)UKVWFNV]LPPHUGDV
6FKODI]LPPHU PHLQHU (OWHUQ XQG HLQ ZHQLJ EHQXW]WHU 5DXP QDFK
GHP*DUWHQKLQDXVHLQVFKPDOHU*DQJOlXIWDOV.RUULGRUQHEHQKHU«
$EHU YRUZlUWV  -D VHKHQ 6LH GLH 'LHOH ZLUG YRQ GHQ
7UDQVSRUWZDJHQ SDVVLHUW VLH IDKUHQ GDQQ GXUFK GDV JDQ]H
*UXQGVWFNELV]XU%HFNHUJUXEH©
'LH ZHLWH KDOOHQGH 'LHOH GUXQWHQ ZDU PLW JUR‰HQ YLHUHFNLJHQ
6WHLQIOLHVHQ JHSIODVWHUW %HL GHU :LQGIDQJWUH VRZRKO ZLH DP
DQGHUHQ(QGHODJHQ.RQWRUUlXPOLFKNHLWHQZlKUHQGGLH.FKHDXV
GHU QRFK LPPHU GHU VlXHUOLFKH *HUXFK GHU 6FKDORWWHQVDXFH
KHUYRUGUDQJPLWGHP:HJ]XGHQ.HOOHUQOLQNVYRQGHU7UHSSHODJ
,KUJHJHQEHULQEHWUlFKWOLFKHU+|KHVSUDQJHQVHOWVDPHSOXPSH
DEHU UHLQOLFK ODFNLHUWH +RO]JHODVVH DXV GHU :DQG KHUYRU GLH
0lGFKHQNDPPHUQ GLH QXU GXUFK HLQH $UW IUHLOLHJHQGHU JHUDGHU
6WLHJH YRQ GHU 'LHOH DXV ]X HUUHLFKHQ ZDUHQ (LQ 3DDU XQJHKHXUHU
DOWHU6FKUlQNHXQGHLQHJHVFKQLW]WH7UXKHVWDQGHQGDQHEHQ


'XUFK HLQH KRKH *ODVWU WUDW PDQ EHU HLQLJH JDQ] IODFKH
EHIDKUEDUH 6WXIHQ DXI GHQ +RI KLQDXV DQ GHP OLQNHUVHLWV VLFK GDV
NOHLQH :DVFKKDXV EHIDQG 0DQ EOLFNWH YRQ KLHU DXV LQ GHQ KEVFK
DQJHOHJWHQMHW]WDEHUKHUEVWOLFKJUDXHQXQGIHXFKWHQ*DUWHQKLQHLQ
GHVVHQ%HHWHPLW6WURKPDWWHQJHJHQGHQ)URVWJHVFKW]WZDUHQXQG
GHUGRUWKLQWHQYRP¾3RUWDO½DEJHVFKORVVHQZDUGGHU5RNRNRIDVVDGH
GHV*DUWHQKDXVHV
'LH+HUUHQDEHUVFKOXJHQYRP+RIHDXVGHQ:HJ]XU/LQNHQHLQ
GHU ]ZLVFKHQ ]ZHL 0DXHUQ EHU HLQHQ ]ZHLWHQ +RI ]XP
5FNJHElXGHIKUWH
'RUW IKUWHQ VFKOSIULJH 6WXIHQ LQ HLQ NHOOHULJHV *HZ|OEH PLW
/HKPERGHQKLQDEGDVDOV6SHLFKHUEHQXW]WZXUGHXQGYRQGHVVHQ
K|FKVWHP %RGHQ HLQ 7DX ]XP +LQDXIZLQGHQ GHU .RUQVlFNH
KHUDEKLQJ$EHUPDQVWLHJ]XU5HFKWHQGLHUHLQOLFKJHKDOWHQH7UHSSH
LQV HUVWH 6WRFNZHUN KLQDXI ZRVHOEVW GHU .RQVXO VHLQHQ *lVWHQ GLH
ZHL‰H7U]XP%LOODUGVDDOH|IIQHWH
+HUU.RSSHQZDUIVLFKHUVFK|SIWDXIHLQHQGHUVWHLIHQ6WKOHGLH
DQ GHQ :lQGHQ GHV ZHLWHQ NDKO XQG VWUHQJ DXVVHKHQGHQ 5DXPHV
VWDQGHQ ª,FK VHKH IUV HUVWH ]X© ULHI HU XQG NORSIWH GLH IHLQHQ
5HJHQWURSIHQYRQVHLQHP/HLEURFNª+ROHPLFKGHU7HXIHOZDVLVW
GDVIUHLQH5HLVHGXUFK(XHU+DXV%XGGHQEURRN©
bKQOLFK ZLH LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU EUDQQWH KLHU KLQWHU HLQHP
0HVVLQJJLWWHUGHU2IHQ'XUFKGLHGUHLKRKHQXQGVFKPDOHQ)HQVWHU
EOLFNWHPDQEHUIHXFKWURWH'lFKHUJUDXH+|IHXQG*LHEHO«
ª(LQH.DUDPERODJH+HUU6HQDWRU"©IUDJWHGHU.RQVXOZlKUHQGHU
GLH4XHXHVDXVGHQ*HVWHOOHQQDKP'DQQJLQJHUXPKHUXQGVFKOR‰
GLH /|FKHU GHU EHLGHQ %LOODUGV ª:HU ZLOO PLW XQV VHLQ" *UlWMHQV"
'HU 'RNWRU" $OO ULJKW *UlWMHQV XQG -XVWXV GDQQ QHKPHQ 6LH GDV
DQGHUH«.RSSHQGXPX‰WPLWVSLHOHQ©
'HU :HLQKlQGOHU VWDQG DXI XQG KRUFKWH GHQ 0XQG YROO
=LJDUUHQUDXFK DXI HLQHQ VWDUNHQ :LQGVWR‰ GHU ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ
+lXVHUQ SILII GHQ 5HJHQ SULFNHOQG JHJHQ GLH 6FKHLEHQ WULHE XQG
VLFKKHXOHQGLP2IHQURKUYHUILQJ
ª9HUIOXFKW©VDJWHHUXQGVWLH‰GHQ5DXFKYRQVLFKª*ODXEVWGX
GD‰ GHU ¾:XOOHQZHYHU½ ]X +DIHQ NDQQ %XGGHQEURRN" :DV IU HLQ
+XQGHZHWWHU«©


-D GLH 1DFKULFKWHQ DXV 7UDYHPQGH ZDUHQ QLFKW GLH EHVWHQ GLHV
EHVWlWLJWH DXFK .RQVXO .U|JHU GHU GDV /HGHU VHLQHV 6WRFNHV
NUHLGHWH6WUPHDQDOOHQ.VWHQ$QQRZDUHVZHL‰*RWWQLFKW
YLHOVFKOLPPHUDOVLQ6W3HWHUVEXUJGLHJUR‰H:DVVHUIOXWZDU«1D
GDNDPGHU.DIIHH
0DQ EHGLHQWH VLFK PDQ WUDQN HLQHQ 6FKOXFN XQG EHJDQQ ]X
VSLHOHQ 'DQQ DEHU EHJDQQ PDQ YRP =ROOYHUHLQ ]X VSUHFKHQ« RK
.RQVXO%XGGHQEURRNZDUEHJHLVWHUWIUGHQ=ROOYHUHLQ
ª:HOFKH 6FK|SIXQJ PHLQH +HUUHQ© ULHI HU VLFK QDFK HLQHP
JHIKUWHQ 6WR‰H OHEKDIW XPZHQGHQG ]XP DQGHUHQ %LOODUG KLQEHU
ZRGDVHUVWH:RUWJHIDOOHQZDUª%HLHUVWHU*HOHJHQKHLWVROOWHQZLU
EHLWUHWHQ«©
+HUU .RSSHQ DEHU ZDU QLFKW GLHVHU 0HLQXQJ QHLQ HU VFKQRE
JHUDGH]XYRU2SSRVLWLRQ
ª8QGXQVHUH6HOEVWlQGLJNHLW"8QGXQVHUH8QDEKlQJLJNHLW"©IUDJWH
HUEHOHLGLJWXQGVLFKNULHJHULVFKDXIVHLQ4XHXHVWW]HQGª:LHVWHKW
HV GDPLW" :UGH +DPEXUJ HV VLFK EHLIDOOHQ ODVVHQ EHL GLHVHU
3UHX‰HQHUILQGXQJ PLW]XWXQ" :ROOHQ ZLU XQV QLFKW JOHLFK
HLQYHUOHLEHQ ODVVHQ %XGGHQEURRN" *RWW EHZDKUH XQV QHLQ ZDV
VROOHQZLUPLWGHP=ROOYHUHLQP|FKWHLFKZLVVHQ*HKWQLFKWDOOHV
JXW"«©
ª-DGXPLWGHLQHP5RWVSRQ.RSSHQ8QGGDQQYLHOOHLFKWPLWGHQ
UXVVLVFKHQ 3URGXNWHQ GDYRQ VDJH LFK QLFKWV $EHU ZHLWHU ZLUG MD
QLFKWVLPSRUWLHUW 8QG ZDV GHQ ([SRUW EHWULIIW QXQ MD VR VFKLFNHQ
ZLU HLQ EL‰FKHQ .RUQ QDFK +ROODQG XQG (QJODQG JHZL‰« $FK
QHLQ HV JHKW OHLGHU QLFKW DOOHV JXW (V VLQG EHL *RWW KLHU HKHPDOV
DQGHUH*HVFKlIWHJHPDFKWZRUGHQ«$EHULP=ROOYHUHLQZUGHQXQV
GLH0HFNOHQEXUJXQG6FKOHVZLJ+ROVWHLQJH|IIQHWZHUGHQ«8QGHV
LVW QLFKW DXV]XUHFKQHQ ZLH GDV 3URSUHJHVFKlIW VLFK DXIQHKPHQ
ZUGH«©
ª$EHULFKELWWH6LH%XGGHQEURRN©ILQJ*UlWMHQVDQLQGHPHUVLFK
ODQJ EHU GDV %LOODUG EHXJWH XQG GHQ 6WRFN DXI VHLQHU NQRFKLJHQ
+DQGVRUJVDP]LHOHQGKLQXQGKHUEHZHJWHªGLHVHU=ROOYHUHLQ«LFK
YHUVWHKHGDVQLFKW8QVHU6\VWHPLVWGRFKVRHLQIDFKXQGSUDNWLVFK
ZLH"'LH(LQNODULHUXQJDXI%UJHUHLG«©
ª(LQHVFK|QHDOWH,QVWLWXWLRQ©'LHVPX‰WHGHU.RQVXO]XJHEHQ


ª1HLQZDKUKDIWLJ+HUU.RQVXOZHQQ6LHHWZDV¾VFK|Q½ILQGHQ©
6HQDWRU /DQJKDOV ZDU HLQ ZHQLJ HQWUVWHW ª,FK ELQ MD NHLQ
.DXIPDQQ« DEHU ZHQQ LFK HKUOLFK VHLQ VROO  QHLQ GDV PLW GHP
%UJHUHLGLVWHLQ8QIXJDOOPlKOLFKGDVPX‰LFKVDJHQ(VLVWHLQH
)RUPDOLWlWJHZRUGHQEHUGLHPDQ]LHPOLFKVFKODQNKLQZHJJHKW«
XQGGHU6WDDWKDWGDV1DFKVHKHQ0DQHU]lKOWVLFK'LQJHGLHGHQQ
GRFKDUJVLQG,FKELQEHU]HXJWGD‰GHU(LQWULWWLQ GHQ =ROOYHUHLQ
YRQVHLWHQGHV6HQDWHV«©
ª'DQQJLEWHVHLQHQ.RQIOLNW±©+HUU.RSSHQVWLH‰]RUQHQWEUDQQW
GDV4XHXHDXIGHQ%RGHQ(UVDJWHª.RQJIOLFN©XQGVWHOOWHMHW]WDOOH
9RUVLFKW LQ EHWUHII GHU $XVVSUDFKH KLQWDQ ª(LQHQ .RQJIOLFN GD
YHUVWHK¶ LFK PLFK DXI 1HH DOOH VFKXOGLJH $FKXQJ +HUU 6HQDWHU
DEHU6LHVLQGMDZROOQLFK]XKHOIHQ*RWWEHZDKUH©8QGHUUHGHWH
KLW]LJ YRQ (QWVFKHLGXQJVNRPPLVVLRQHQ XQG 6WDDWVZRKO XQG
%UJHUHLGXQG)UHLVWDDWHQ«
*RWWORE GD‰ -HDQ -DFTXHV +RIIVWHGH DQNDP $UP LQ $UP PLW
3DVWRU:XQGHUOLFKWUDWHUKHUHLQ]ZHLXQEHIDQJHQHXQGPXQWHUHDOWH
+HUUHQDXVVRUJORVHUHU=HLW
ª1XQPHLQHEUDYHQ)UHXQGH©ILQJHUDQªLFKKDEHHWZDVIU6LH
HLQHQ 6FKHU] HWZDV /XVWLJHV HLQ 9HUVOHLQ QDFK GHP
)UDQ]|VLVFKHQ«SDVVHQ6LHDXI©
(U OLH‰ VLFK JHPlFKOLFK DXI HLQHP 6WXKO QLHGHU GHQ 6SLHOHUQ
JHJHQEHU GLH DXI LKUH 4XHXHV JHVWW]W DQ GHQ %LOODUGV OHKQWHQ
]RJHLQ%OlWWFKHQDXVGHU7DVFKHOHJWHGHQODQJHQ=HLJHILQJHUPLW
GHP 6LHJHOULQJ DQ GLH VSLW]H 1DVH XQG YHUODV PLW HLQHU IU|KOLFKHQ
XQGQDLYHSLVFKHQ%HWRQXQJ

ª$OV6DFKVHQV0DUVFKDOOHLQVWGLHVWRO]H3RPSDGRXU
LPJROGQHQ3KDHWRQYHUJQJWVSD]LHUHQIXKU
VDK)UHORQGLHVHV3DDURKULHIHUVHKWVLHEHLGH
GHV.|QLJV6FKZHUWXQGVHLQH6FKHLGH

+HUU .RSSHQ VWXW]WH HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN OLH‰ GDQQ .RQJIOLFN XQG


6WDDWVZRKO GDKLQIDKUHQ XQG VWLPPWH LQ GDV *HOlFKWHU GHU EULJHQ
HLQ GD‰ GHU 6DDO ZLGHUKDOOWH 3DVWRU :XQGHUOLFK DEHU ZDU DQ HLQ


)HQVWHU JHWUHWHQ XQG NLFKHUWH GHU %HZHJXQJ VHLQHU 6FKXOWHUQ QDFK
]XXUWHLOHQVWLOOYRUVLFKKLQ
0DQ EOLHE QRFK HLQH JXWH :HLOH EHLVDPPHQ KLHU KLQWHQ LP
%LOODUGVDDOGHQQ+RIIVWHGHKDWWHQRFKPHKU6FKHU]HlKQOLFKHU$UWLQ
%HUHLWVFKDIW+HUU.RSSHQKDWWHVHLQHJDQ]H:HVWHJH|IIQHWXQGZDU
EHLEHVWHU/DXQHGHQQHUEHIDQGVLFK EHVVHU KLHU DOVLP 6SHLVHVDDO
EHL7LVFKH(UPDFKWHGUROOLJHSODWWGHXWVFKH5HGHQVDUWHQEHLMHGHP
6WR‰ XQG UH]LWLHUWH GDQQ XQG ZDQQ EHJOFNW YRU VLFK KLQ ª$OV
6DFKVHQV0DUVFKDOOHLQVW«©
'DV 9HUVOHLQ QDKP VLFK ZXQGHUOLFK JHQXJ DXV LQ VHLQHP UDXKHQ
%D‰«

1HXQWHV.DSLWHO

(VZDU]LHPOLFKVSlWJHJHQHOI8KUDOVGLH*HVHOOVFKDIWGLHVLFK
LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU QRFK HLQPDO ]XVDPPHQJHIXQGHQ KDWWH
EHLQDKHJOHLFK]HLWLJDXI]XEUHFKHQEHJDQQ'LH.RQVXOLQEHJDEVLFK
VRIRUWQDFKGHPVLHGLH+DQGNVVHDOOHULQ(PSIDQJJHQRPPHQLQ
LKUH =LPPHU KLQDXI XP QDFK GHP OHLGHQGHQ &KULVWLDQ ]X VHKHQ
LQGHP VLH GLH $XIVLFKW EHU GLH 0lJGH EHLP :HJUlXPHQ GHV
*HVFKLUUHV DQ 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ DEWUDW XQG 0DGDPH $QWRLQHWWH
]RJVLFKLQV=ZLVFKHQJHVFKR‰]XUFN'HU.RQVXODEHUJHOHLWHWHGLH
*lVWHGLH7UHSSHKLQXQWHUEHUGLH'LHOHXQGELVYRUGLH+DXVWUDXI
GLH6WUD‰HKLQDXV
(LQVFKDUIHU:LQGWULHEGHQ5HJHQVHLWZlUWVKHUXQWHUXQGGLHDOWHQ
.U|JHUV NURFKHQ LQ GLFNH 3HO]PlQWHO JHZLFNHOW HLOLJVW LQ LKUH
PDMHVWlWLVFKH(TXLSDJHGLHVFKRQODQJHZDUWHWH'DVJHOEH/LFKWGHU
gOODPSHQGLHYRUP+DXVHDXI6WDQJHQEUDQQWHQXQGZHLWHUXQWHQDQ
GLFNHQEHUGLH6WUD‰HJHVSDQQWHQ.HWWHQKLQJHQIODFNHUWHXQUXKLJ
+LHXQGGDVSUDQJHQGLH+lXVHUPLW9RUEDXWHQLQGLH6WUD‰HKLQHLQ
GLH DEVFKVVLJ ]XU 7UDYH KLQXQWHUIKUWH XQG HLQLJH ZDUHQ PLW
%HLVFKOlJHQ RGHU %lQNHQ YHUVHKHQ )HXFKWHV *UDV VSUR‰ ]ZLVFKHQ
GHP VFKOHFKWHQ 3IODVWHU HPSRU 'LH 0DULHQNLUFKH GRUW GUEHQ ODJ
JDQ]LQ6FKDWWHQ'XQNHOKHLWXQG5HJHQJHKOOW


ª0HUFL©VDJWH/HEUHFKW.U|JHUXQGGUFNWHGHP.RQVXOGHUDP
:DJHQ VWDQG GLH +DQG ª0HUFL -HDQ HV ZDU DOOHUOLHEVW© 'DQQ
NQDOOWH GHU 6FKODJ XQG GLH (TXLSDJH SROWHUWH GDYRQ $XFK 3DVWRU
:XQGHUOLFKXQGGHU0DNOHU*UlWMHQVJLQJHQPLW'DQNLKUHV:HJHV
+HUU .RSSHQ LQ HLQHP 0DQWHO PLW IQIIDFKHU 3HOHULQH HLQHQ
ZHLWVFKZHLILJHQ JUDXHQ =\OLQGHU DXI GHP .RSI XQG VHLQH EHOHLEWH
*DWWLQ DP $UP VDJWH LQ VHLQHP ELHGHUVWHQ %D‰ ª¶Q $EHQG
%XGGHQEURRN1DJHKUHLQHUNlOWGLFKQLFKW9LHOHQ'DQNGX",FK
KDEHJHJHVVHQZLHODQJHQLFKW«XQGPHLQ5RWHU]XYLHU.XUDQWPDUN
NRQYHQLHUWGLUDOVR"*XW¶1DFKWQRFKPDO«©
'DV 3DDU JLQJ PLW .RQVXO .U|JHU XQG VHLQHU )DPLOLH JHJHQ GHQ
)OX‰KLQXQWHUZlKUHQG6HQDWRU/DQJKDOV'RNWRU*UDERZXQG-HDQ
-DFTXHV+RIIVWHGHGLHHQWJHJHQJHVHW]WH5LFKWXQJHLQVFKOXJHQ«
.RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN VWDQG GLH +lQGH LQ GHQ 7DVFKHQ VHLQHV
KHOOHQ %HLQNOHLGHV YHUJUDEHQ LQ VHLQHP 7XFKURFN HLQ ZHQLJ
IU|VWHOQG HLQ SDDU 6FKULWWH YRU GHU +DXVWU XQG ODXVFKWH GHQ
6FKULWWHQGLHLQGHQPHQVFKHQOHHUHQQDVVHQXQGPDWWEHOHXFKWHWHQ
6WUD‰HQ YHUKDOOWHQ 'DQQ ZDQGWH HU VLFK XQG EOLFNWH DQ GHU JUDXHQ
*LHEHOIDVVDGH GHV +DXVHV HPSRU 6HLQH $XJHQ YHUZHLOWHQ DXI GHP
6SUXFK GHU EHUP (LQJDQJ LQ DOWHUWPOLFKHQ /HWWHUQ JHPHL‰HOW
VWDQGª'RPLQXVSURYLGHELW©
:lKUHQGHUGHQ.RSIHLQZHQLJ VHQNWHWUDWHUHLQXQG YHUVFKOR‰
VRUJIlOWLJ GLH VFKZHUIlOOLJ NQDUUHQGH +DXVWU 'DQQ OLH‰ HU GLH
:LQGIDQJWUH LQV 6FKOR‰ VFKQDSSHQ XQG VFKULWW ODQJVDP EHU GLH
KDOOHQGH 'LHOH 'LH .|FKLQ GLH PLW HLQHP 7HHEUHWW YROO *OlVHU
NOLUUHQG GLH 7UHSSH KHUXQWHUNDP IUDJWH HU ª:R LVW GHU +HUU
7ULQD"©
ª,P (‰VDDO +HUU .RQVXO«© ,KU *HVLFKW ZXUGH VR URW ZLH LKUH
$UPHGHQQVLHZDUYRP/DQGHXQGJHULHWOHLFKWLQ9HUZLUUXQJ
(UJLQJKLQDXIXQGQRFKLQGHUGXQNOHQ6lXOHQKDOOHPDFKWHVHLQH
+DQGHLQH%HZHJXQJQDFKGHU%UXVWWDVFKHZRGDV3DSLHUNQLVWHUWH
'DQQWUDWHULQGHQ6DDOLQGHVVHQHLQHP:LQNHOQRFK.HU]HQUHVWH
DXI HLQHP GHU .DQGHODEHU EUDQQWHQ XQG GLH DEJHUlXPWH 7DIHO
EHOHXFKWHWHQ 'HU VlXHUOLFKH *HUXFK GHU 6FKDORWWHQVDXFH ODJ
EHKDUUOLFKLQGHU/XIW


'RUW KLQWHQ EHL GHQ )HQVWHUQ JLQJ GLH +lQGH DXI GHP 5FNHQ
-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNJHPlFKOLFKDXIXQGDE

=HKQWHV.DSLWHO

ª1D PLQ 6RKQ -RKDQQ ZR JHLKW GL GDW© (U EOLHE VWHKHQ XQG
VWUHFNWH GHP 6RKQH GLH +DQG HQWJHJHQ GLH ZHL‰H HLQ ZHQLJ ]X
NXU]H DEHU IHLQJHJOLHGHUWH +DQG GHU %XGGHQEURRNV 6HLQH UVWLJH
*HVWDOWDQGHUQXUGLHJHSXGHUWH3HUFNHXQGGDV6SLW]HQMDERWZHL‰
DXIOHXFKWHWH KRE VLFK PDWW XQG XQUXKLJ EHOHXFKWHW YRQ GHP
'XQNHOURWGHU)HQVWHUYRUKlQJHDE
ª1RFK QLFKW PGH" ,FK JHKH KLHU XQG KRUFKH DXI GHQ :LQG«
YHUIOL[WHV:HWWHU.DSLWlQ.ORRWLVWYRQ5LJDXQWHUZHJV«©
ª29DWHUPLW*RWWHV+LOIHZLUGDOOHVJXWJHKHQ©
ª.DQQ LFK PLFK GDUDXI YHUODVVHQ" =XJHJHEHQ GD‰ GX PLW GHP
+HUUJRWWDXIGXXQGGXVWHKVW©
'HP .RQVXO ZDUG ZRKOHU ]XPXW DQJHVLFKWV GLHVHU JXWHQ /DXQH
ª-D XP ]XU 6DFKH ]X NRPPHQ© ILQJ HU DQ ªVR ZROOWH LFK ,KQHQ
QLFKW QXU JXWH 1DFKW VDJHQ 3DSD VRQGHUQ« DEHU 6LH GUIHQ QLFKW
E|VH ZHUGHQ ZLH" ,FK KDEH 6LH PLW GLHVHP %ULHIH  HU LVW KHXWH
QDFKPLWWDJ JHNRPPHQ  ELV MHW]W QLFKW HQQX\LHUHQ ZROOHQ« DQ
GLHVHPKHLWHUHQ$EHQG«©
ª0RQVLHXU*RWWKROGYRLOi©'HU$OWHWDWDOVEOLHEHHUJDQ]UXKLJ
DQJHVLFKWV GHV EOlXOLFKHQ YHUVLHJHOWHQ 3DSLHUHV GDV HU
HQWJHJHQQDKP ª+HUUQ -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN VHQ 3HUV|QOLFK« (LQ
0DQQ YRQ FRQGXLWH GHLQ +HUU 6WLHIEUXGHU -HDQ +DEH LFK VHLQHQ
]ZHLWHQ %ULHI QHXOLFK EHUKDXSW EHDQWZRUWHW" $OOHLQ HU VFKUHLEW
HLQHQGULWWHQ«©:lKUHQGVHLQURVLJHV*HVLFKWVLFKPHKUXQGPHKU
YHUGVWHUWH ]HUUL‰ HU PLW HLQHP )LQJHU GDV 6LHJHO HQWIDOWHWH UDVFK
GDV GQQH 3DSLHU ZDQGWH VLFK VFKUlJH GD‰ GLH 6FKULIW YRP
.DQGHODEHU DXV EHOHXFKWHW ZDUG XQG IKUWH HLQHQ HQHUJLVFKHQ
6FKODJ PLW GHP +DQGUFNHQ GDUDXI 6HOEVW LQ GLHVHU +DQGVFKULIW
VFKLHQ $EWUQQLJNHLW XQG 5HEHOOLRQ ]X OLHJHQ GHQQ ZlKUHQG GLH


=HLOHQGHU%XGGHQEURRNVVRQVWZLQ]LJOHLFKWXQGVFKUlJHEHUGDV
3DSLHU HLOWHQ ZDUHQ GLHVH %XFKVWDEHQ KRFK VWHLO XQG PLW
SO|W]OLFKHP 'UXFNH YHUVHKHQ YLHOH :|UWHU ZDUHQ PLW HLQHP
UDVFKHQJHERJHQHQ)HGHU]XJXQWHUVWULFKHQ
'HU .RQVXO KDWWH VLFK HLQ ZHQLJ VHLWZlUWV ELV ]XU :DQG ZR GLH
6WKOH VWDQGHQ ]XUFNJH]RJHQ DEHU HU VHW]WH VLFK QLFKW GD VHLQ
9DWHUVWDQGVRQGHUQHUID‰WHQXUPLWHLQHUQHUY|VHQ%HZHJXQJHLQH
GHUKRKHQ/HKQHQZlKUHQGHUGHQ$OWHQEHREDFKWHWHGHUGHQ.RSI
]XU6HLWHJHQHLJWPLWILQVWHUHQ%UDXHQXQGVFKQHOOVLFKEHZHJHQGHQ
/LSSHQODV«
0HLQ9DWHU
:RKO]X8QUHFKWYHUK|UWHLFKGD‰,KU5HFKWVVLQQJUR‰JHQXJVHLQ
ZLUG XP GLH (QWUVWXQJ ]X lVWLPLHUHQ ZHOFKH LFK HPSIDQG DOV
PHLQ ]ZHLWHU VR GULQJOLFKHU %ULHI LQ EHWUHII GHU ZRKOEHZX‰WHQ
$QJHOHJHQKHLW RKQH $QWZRUW YHUEOLHE QDFKGHP QXU DXI GHQ HUVWHQ
HLQH (QWJHJQXQJ LFK JHVFKZHLJH ZHOFKHU $UW  ]XU +DQG
JHNRPPHQZDU,FKPX‰,KQHQDXVVSUHFKHQGD‰GLH$UWLQZHOFKHU
6LH GLH .OXIW ZHOFKH GHP +HUUQ VHL¶V JHNODJW ]ZLVFKHQ XQV
EHVWHKWGXUFK,KUH+DUWQlFNLJNHLWYHUWLHIHQHLQH6QGHLVWZHOFKH
6LH HLQVWPDOV YRU *RWWHV 5LFKWHUVWXKO DXIV VFKZHUVWH ZHUGHQ
YHUDQWZRUWHQPVVHQ(VLVWWUDXULJJHQXJGD‰6LHYRU-DKUXQG7DJ
DOVLFKDXFKJHJHQ,KUHQ:LOOHQGHP=XJHPHLQHV+HU]HQVIROJHQG
PHLQH QXQPHKULJH *DWWLQ HKHOLFKWH XQG GXUFK hEHUQDKPH HLQHV
/DGHQJHVFKlIWHV ,KUHQ PD‰ORVHQ 6WRO] EHOHLGLJWH VLFK VR EHUDXV
JUDXVDP XQG Y|OOLJ YRQ PLU ZDQGWHQ DOOHLQ GLH :HLVH LQ ZHOFKHU
6LH PLFK MHW]W WUDNWLHUHQ VFKUHLW ]XP +LPPHO XQG VROOWHQ 6LH
YHUPHLQHQ GD‰ LFK PLFK DQJHVLFKWV ,KUHV 6FKZHLJHQV NRQWHQWLHUW
XQG VWLOO YHUKDOWHQ ZHUGH VR LUUHQ 6LH JU|EOLFKVW  'HU .DXISUHLV
,KUHV QHX HUZRUEHQHQ +DXVHV LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H KDW 
.XUDQWPDUNEHWUDJHQXQGLVWPLUIHUQHUEHNDQQWGD‰ ,KU 6RKQ DXV
]ZHLWHU(KHXQG$VVRFLH-RKDQQEHL,KQHQPLHWZHLVHZRKQKDIWLVW
XQG QDFK ,KUHP 7RGH PLW GHP *HVFKlIWH DXFK GDV +DXV DOV
DOOHLQLJHU %HVLW]HU EHUQHKPHQ ZLUG 0LW PHLQHU 6WLHIVFKZHVWHU LQ
)UDQNIXUWXQGLKUHP*DWWHQKDEHQ6LH9HUHLQEDUXQJHQJHWURIIHQLQ
GLHLFKPLFKQLFKW]X PLVFKHQ KDEH :DV DEHU PLFK ,KUHQ lOWHVWHQ
6RKQ DQJHKW VR WUHLEHQ 6LH LKUHQ XQFKULVWOLFKHQ =RUQ VR ZHLW HV
VFKODQNHUKDQG ]X UHIXVLHUHQ PLU LUJHQGHLQH (QWVFKlGLJXQJVVXPPH


IU GHQ $QWHLO DP +DXVH ]XNRPPHQ ]X ODVVHQ ,FK KDEH HV PLW
6WLOOVFKZHLJHQEHUJDQJHQDOV6LHPLUEHLPHLQHU9HUKHLUDWXQJXQG
(WDEKHUXQJ.XUDQWPDUNDXV]DKOWHQXQGPLUWHVWDPHQWDULVFK
HLQ IU DOOHPDO QXU HLQ (UEWHLO YRQ  ]XVSUDFKHQ ,FK ZDU
GDPDOV QLFKW HLQPDO KLQOlQJOLFK RULHQWLHUW EHU LKUH
9HUP|JHQVYHUKlOWQLVVH-HW]WMHGRFKVHKHLFKNODUHUXQGGDLFKPLFK
QLFKW DOV SULQ]LSLHOO HQWHUEW ]X EHWUDFKWHQ EUDXFKH VR EHDQVSUXFKH
LFK LQ GLHVHP EHVRQGHUHQ )DOOH HLQH (QWVFKlGLJXQJVVXPPH YRQ
.XUDQWPDUNZLOOVDJHQHLQ 'ULWWHO GHU.DXIVXPPH ,FK ZLOO
NHLQH 9HUPXWXQJHQ GDUEHU DQVWHOOHQ ZHOFKHQ
YHUGDPPXQJVZUGLJHQ (LQIOVVHQ LFK GLH %HKDQGOXQJ YHUGDQNH
ZHOFKH LFK ELVODQJ ]X GXOGHQ JHQ|WLJW ZDU DEHU LFK SURWHVWLHUH
JHJHQ GLHVHOEH PLW GHP JDQ]HQ 5HFKWVVLQQ GHV &KULVWHQ XQG GHV
*HVFKlIWVPDQQHVXQGYHUVLFKHUH6LH]XPOHW]WHQ0DOHGD‰VROOWHQ
6LH VLFK QLFKW HQWVFKOLH‰HQ N|QQHQ PHLQH JHUHFKWHQ $QVSUFKH ]X
UHVSHNWLHUHQ LFK 6LH ZHGHU DOV &KULVW QRFK DOV 9DWHU QRFK DOV
*HVFKlIWVPDQQOlQJHUZHUGHDFKWHQN|QQHQ
*RWWKROG%XGGHQEURRN
ª9HU]HLK ZHQQ HV PLU NHLQ 3OlVLHU PDFKW GLU GLHVH /LWDQHL QRFK
HLQPDO YRU]XEHWHQ  9RLOi© 8QG PLW HLQHU JULPPLJHQ %HZHJXQJ
ZDUI-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNGHQ%ULHIVHLQHP6RKQH]X
'HU .RQVXO ILQJ GDV 3DSLHU DXI DOV HV LQ GHU +|KH VHLQHU .QLH
IODWWHUWH XQG IROJWH PLW YHUZLUUWHQ XQG WUDXULJHQ $XJHQ GHQ
6FKULWWHQGHV9DWHUV'HUDOWH+HUUHUJULIIGHQODQJHQ.HU]HQO|VFKHU
GHU EHLP )HQVWHU OHKQWH XQG JLQJ VWUDPP XQG HU]UQW DP 7LVFKH
HQWODQJLQGHQHQWJHJHQJHVHW]WHQ:LQNHO]XP.DQGHODEHU
ª$VVH] VDJH LFK 1¶HQ SDUORQV SOXV 3XQNWXP ,QV %HWW (Q
DYDQW© (LQH )ODPPH QDFK GHU DQGHUHQ YHUVFKZDQG RKQH
$XIHUVWHKHQ XQWHU GHP NOHLQHQ 0HWDOOWULFKWHU GHU REHQ DQ GHU
6WDQJHEHIHVWLJWZDU(VEUDQQWHQQXUQRFK]ZHL.HU]HQDOVGHU$OWH
VLFKZLHGHUQDFKVHLQHP6RKQHXPZDQGWHGHQHUGRUWKLQWHQNDXP
]XHUNHQQHQYHUPRFKWHª(KELHQZDVVWHKVWGXZDVVDJVWGX"'X
PX‰WGRFKLUJHQGHWZDVVDJHQ©
ª:DVVROOLFKVDJHQ9DWHU",FKELQUDWORV©
ª(VSDVVLHUWOHLFKWGD‰GXUDWORVELVW©ZDUI-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRN
PLW E|VHU %HWRQXQJ KLQ REJOHLFK HU VHOEVW ZX‰WH GD‰ GLHVH


%HPHUNXQJ QLFKW YLHO :DKUHV HQWKLHOW XQG GD‰ VHLQ 6RKQ XQG
$VVRFLHLKPPDQFKHV0DOLPHQWVFKORVVHQHQ(UJUHLIHQGHV9RUWHLOV
EHUOHJHQJHZHVHQZDU
ª6FKOHFKWH XQG YHUGDPPXQJVZUGLJH (LQIOVVH«© IXKU GHU
.RQVXOIRUWª'DVLVWGLHHUVWH=HLOHGLHLFKHQW]LIIHUH6LHEHJUHLIHQ
QLFKWZLHPLFKGDVTXlOW9DWHU"8QGHUZLUIWXQV8QFKULVWOLFKNHLW
YRU©
ª'XZLUVWGLFKGXUFKGLHVHVPLVHUDEOH*HVFKUHLEVHOHLQVFKFKWHUQ
ODVVHQ  MD"© -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN NDP ]RUQLJ KHUEHL GHQ
.HU]HQO|VFKHU KLQWHU VLFK KHU VFKOHLIHQG ª8QFKULVWOLFKNHLW +D
*HVFKPDFNYROOPX‰LFKVDJHQGLHVHIURPPH*HOGJLHU:DVVHLG
LKUHLJHQWOLFKIUHLQH.RPSDQHLLKUMXQJHQ/HXWHZLH"'HQ.RSI
YROO FKULVWOLFKHU XQG SKDQWDVWLVFKHU )ODXVHQ« XQG« ,GHDOLVPXV
XQG ZLU $OWHQ VLQG GLH KHU]ORVHQ 6S|WWHU« XQG QHEHQEHL GLH -XOL
0RQDUFKLHXQGGLHSUDNWLVFKHQ,GHDOH«XQGOLHEHUGHPDOWHQ9DWHU
GLH JU|EVWHQ 6RWWLVHQ LQV +DXV VFKLFNHQ DOV DXI HLQ SDDU WDXVHQG
7DOHU YHU]LFKWHQ« 8QG DOV *HVFKlIWVPDQQ ZLUG HU JHUXKHQ PLFK
]XYHUDFKWHQ1XQDOV*HVFKlIWVPDQQZHL‰LFKZDVIDX[IUDLVVLQG
IDX[IUDLV©ZLHGHUKROWHHUPLWJULPPLJHPSDULVHULVFKHQ*XUJHOU
ª,FK PDFKH PLU GLHVHQ H[DOWLHUWHQ 6FKOLQJHO YRQ HLQHP 6RKQ QLFKW
HUJHEHQHUZHQQLFKPLFKGHPWLJHQVROOWHXQGQDFKJHEHQ«©
ª/LHEHU9DWHUZDVVROOLFKDQWZRUWHQ,FKZLOOQLFKWGD‰HUUHFKW
KDW PLW GHP ZDV HU YRQ ¾(LQIOVVHQ½ VDJW ,FK ELQ DOV 7HLOKDEHU
LQWHUHVVLHUWXQGJHUDGHGHVKDOEGUIWHLFKGLUQLFKWUDWHQDXIGHLQHP
6WDQGSXQNW]XEHVWHKHQMHGRFK«8QGLFKELQHLQVRJXWHU&KULVWDOV
*RWWKROGMHGRFK«©
ª-HGRFK -D GX KDVW PHLQHU 7UHX UHFKW ¾MHGRFK½ ]X VDJHQ -HDQ
:LH YHUKDOWHQ VLFK GLH 'LQJH GHQQ HLJHQWOLFK" 'DPDOV DOV HU IU
VHLQH0DPVHOO6WZLQJLQIODPPLHUWZDUDOVHUPLU6]HQHIU6]HQH
PDFKWH XQG DP (QGH PHLQHP VWUHQJHQ 9HUERW ]XP 7URW] GLHVH
0HVDOOLDQFH HLQJLQJ GD VFKULHE LFK LKP 0RQ WUHV HKHU ILOV GX
KHLUDWHVWGHLQHQ/DGHQ3XQNWXP,FKHQWHUEHGLFKQLFKWLFKPDFKH
NHLQ VSHFWDFOH DEHU PLW XQVHUHU )UHXQGVFKDIW LVW HV ]X (QGH +LHU
KDVW GX  DOV 0LWJLIW LFK YHUPDFKH GLU DQGHUH  LP
7HVWDPHQWH DEHU GDPLW EDVWD GDPLW ELVW GX DEJHIHUWLJW HV JLEW
NHLQHQ6FKLOOLQJPHKU'D]XKDWHUJHVFKZLHJHQ:DVJHKWHVLKQ
DQ ZHQQ ZLU *HVFKlIWH JHPDFKW KDEHQ" :HQQ GX XQG GHLQH


6FKZHVWHU HLQH WFKWLJH 3RUWLRQ PHKU EHNRPPHQ ZHUGHQ" :HQQ
YRQGHP(UEWHLOGDVHXHULVWHLQ+DXVJHNDXIWZXUGH«©
ª:HQQ 6LH YHUVWQGHQ 9DWHU LQ ZHOFKHP 'LOHPPD LFK PLFK
EHILQGH8PGHU)DPLOLHQHLQWUDFKWZLOOHQP‰WHLFKUDWHQ«DEHU«©
'HU.RQVXOVHXI]WHOHLVHDXIDQVHLQHQ6WXKOJHOHKQW
-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN VSlKWH JHVWW]W DXI GLH /|VFKVWDQJH
DXIPHUNVDP LQ GDV XQUXKLJH +DOEGXQNHO KLQHLQ XP GHQ
*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFNGHV6RKQHV]XHUIRUVFKHQ'LHYRUOHW]WH.HU]HZDU
KHUXQWHUJHEUDQQWXQGYRQVHOEVWHUORVFKHQQXUHLQHIODFNHUWHQRFK
GRUW KLQWHQ 'DQQ XQG ZDQQ WUDW HLQH KRKH ZHL‰H )LJXU UXKLJ
OlFKHOQGDXVGHU7DSHWHKHUYRUXQGYHUVFKZDQGZLHGHU
ª9DWHUGLHVHV9HUKlOWQLVPLW*RWWKROGEHGUFNWPLFK©VDJWHGHU
.RQVXOOHLVH
ª8QVLQQ-HDQNHLQH6HQWLPHQWDOLWlW:DVEHGUFNWGLFK"©
ª9DWHU«ZLU KDEHQ KLHU KHXWH VR KHLWHU EHLHLQDQGHU JHVHVVHQ ZLU
KDEHQHLQHQVFK|QHQ7DJJHIHLHUWZLUZDUHQVWRO]XQGJOFNOLFKLQ
GHP %HZX‰WVHLQ HWZDV JHOHLVWHW ]X KDEHQ HWZDV HUUHLFKW ]X
KDEHQ« XQVHUH )LUPD XQVHUH )DPLOLH DXI HLQH +|KH JHEUDFKW ]X
KDEHQZRLKU$QHUNHQQXQJXQG$QVHKHQLPUHLFKVWHQ0D‰H]XWHLO
ZLUG« $EHU 9DWHU GLHVH E|VH )HLQGVFKDIW PLW PHLQHP %UXGHU
GHLQHP lOWHVWHQ 6RKQH« (V VROOWH NHLQ KHLPOLFKHU 5L‰ GXUFK GDV
*HElXGHODXIHQGDVZLUPLW*RWWHVJQlGLJHU+LOIHHUULFKWHWKDEHQ«
(LQH )DPLOLH PX‰ HLQLJ VHLQ PX‰ ]XVDPPHQKDOWHQ 9DWHU VRQVW
NORSIWGDVhEHODQGLH7U«©
ª)ODXVHQ-HDQ3RVVHQ(LQREVWLQDWHU-XQJH«©(VHQWVWDQGHLQH
3DXVHGLHOHW]WH)ODPPHVHQNWHVLFKWLHIHUXQGWLHIHUª:DVPDFKVW
GX -HDQ"© IUDJWH -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN ª,FK VHKH GLFK JDU QLFKW
PHKU©
ª,FK UHFKQH© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO WURFNHQ 'LH .HU]H IODPPWH DXI
XQGPDQVDKZLHHUJHUDGHDXIJHULFKWHWXQGPLW$XJHQVRNDOWXQG
DXIPHUNVDP ZLH VLH ZlKUHQG GHV JDQ]HQ 1DFKPLWWDJV QRFK QLFKW
GDUHLQJHVFKDXW KDWWHQ IHVW LQ GLH WDQ]HQGH )ODPPH EOLFNWH 
ª(LQHUVHLWV 6LH JHEHQ  DQ *RWWKROG XQG  DQ GLH LQ
)UDQNIXUWXQGGDVPDFKWLQ6XPPD$QGHUHUVHLWV6LHJHEHQ
QXUDQGLHLQ)UDQNIXUWXQGGDVEHGHXWHWIUGLH)LUPDHLQHQ
*HZLQQYRQ'DVLVWDEHUQLFKWDOOHV*HVHW]W6LHOHLVWHQDQ


*RWWKROGHLQH(QWVFKlGLJXQJVVXPPHIUGHQ$QWHLODP+DXVHVRLVW
GDV 3ULQ]LS GXUFKEURFKHQ VR LVW HU GDPDOV QLFKW HQGJOWLJ
DEJHIXQGHQZRUGHQVRNDQQHUQDFK,KUHP7RGHHLQJOHLFK JUR‰HV
(UEHEHDQVSUXFKHQZLHPHLQH6FKZHVWHUXQGLFKXQGGDQQKDQGHOW
HV VLFK IU GLH )LUPD XP HLQHQ 9HUOXVW YRQ +XQGHUWWDXVHQGHQ PLW
GHP VLH QLFKW UHFKQHQ NDQQ PLW GHP LFK DOV NQIWLJHU DOOHLQLJHU
,QKDEHU QLFKW UHFKQHQ NDQQ« 1HLQ 3DSD© EHVFKOR‰ HU PLW HLQHU
HQHUJLVFKHQ +DQGEHZHJXQJ XQG ULFKWHWH VLFK QRFK K|KHU DXI ª,FK
PX‰,KQHQDEUDWHQQDFK]XJHEHQ©
ª1DDOVR3XQNWXP1¶HQSDUORQVSOXV(QDYDQW,QV%HWW©
'DV OHW]WH )OlPPFKHQ YHUORVFK XQWHU GHP 0HWDOOKWFKHQ ,Q
GLFKWHU )LQVWHUQLV VFKULWWHQ GLH EHLGHQ GXUFK GLH 6lXOHQKDOOH XQG
GUDX‰HQEHLP$XIJDQJ]XP]ZHLWHQ6WRFNHVFKWWHOWHQVLHHLQDQGHU
GLH +DQG ª*XW¶ 1DFKW -HDQ« &RXUDJH GX" 'DV VLQG VR
bUJHUOLFKNHLWHQ«$XI:LHGHUVHKHQPRUJHQEHLP)UKVWFN©
'HU .RQVXO VWLHJ GLH 7UHSSH KLQDXI LQ VHLQH :RKQXQJ XQG GHU
$OWHWDVWHWHVLFKDP*HOlQGHULQV =ZLVFKHQJHVFKR‰ KLQXQWHU 'DQQ
ODJ GDV ZHLWH DOWH +DXV ZRKOYHUVFKORVVHQ LQ 'XQNHOKHLW XQG
6FKZHLJHQ 6WRO] +RIIQXQJHQ XQG %HIUFKWXQJHQ UXKWHQ ZlKUHQG
GUDX‰HQLQGHQVWLOOHQ6WUD‰HQGHU5HJHQULHVHOWHXQGGHU+HUEVWZLQG
XP*LHEHOXQG(FNHQSILII


=:(,7(57(,/

(UVWHV.DSLWHO

=ZHLXQGHLQKDOEHV-DKUVSlWHUXP GLH 0LWWH GHV $SULO VFKRQ ZDU


]HLWLJHUDOVMHPDOVGHU)UKOLQJJHNRPPHQXQG]XJOHLFKHU=HLWZDU
HLQ (UHLJQLV HLQJHWUHWHQ GDV GHQ DOWHQ -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN YRU
9HUJQJHQWUlOOHUQPDFKWHXQGVHLQHQ6RKQDXIVIUHXGLJVWHEHZHJWH
8P QHXQ 8KU HLQHV 6RQQWDJPRUJHQV VD‰ GHU .RQVXO LP
)UKVWFNV]LPPHU YRU GHP JUR‰HQ EUDXQHQ 6HNUHWlU GHU DP
)HQVWHU VWDQG XQG GHVVHQ JHZ|OEWHU 'HFNHO YHUPLWWHOVW HLQHV
ZLW]LJHQ 0HFKDQLVPXV ]XUFNJHVFKREHQ ZDU (LQH GLFNH
/HGHUPDSSHJHIOOWPLW3DSLHUHQODJYRULKPDEHUHUKDWWHHLQ+HIW
PLW JHSUH‰WHP 8PVFKODJH XQG *ROGVFKQLWW KHUDXVJHQRPPHQ XQG
VFKULHE HLIULJ GDUEHU JHEHXJW LQ VHLQHU GQQHQ ZLQ]LJ
GDKLQHLOHQGHQ6FKULIWHPVLJXQGRKQH$XIHQWKDOWHVVHLGHQQGD‰
HUGLH*lQVHIHGHULQGDVVFKZHUH0HWDOOWLQWHQID‰WDXFKWH«
'LH EHLGHQ )HQVWHU VWDQGHQ RIIHQ XQG YRP *DUWHQ KHU ZR HLQH
PLOGH 6RQQH GLH HUVWHQ .QRVSHQ EHVFKLHQ XQG ZR HLQ SDDU NOHLQH
9RJHOVWLPPHQHLQDQGHUNHFNH$QWZRUWHQJDEHQZHKWHYROOIULVFKHU
XQG]DUWHU:U]HGLH)UKOLQJVOXIWKHUHLQXQGWULHEGDQQXQGZDQQ
VDFKW XQG JHUlXVFKORV GLH *DUGLQHQ HLQ ZHQLJ HPSRU 'UEHQ DXI
GHP )UKVWFNVWLVFKH UXKWH GLH 6RQQH EOHQGHQG DXI GHP ZHL‰HQ
KLH XQG GD YRQ %URVDPHQ JHVSUHQNHOWHQ /HLQHQ XQG VSLHOWH LQ
NOHLQHQ EOLW]HQGHQ 'UHKXQJHQ XQG 6SUQJHQ DXI GHU 9HUJROGXQJ
GHUP|UVHUIRUPLJHQ7DVVHQ«
%HLGH)OJHOGHU7U]XP6FKODI]LPPHUZDUHQJH|IIQHWXQGYRQ
GRUWKHU YHUQDKP PDQ GLH 6WLPPH -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRNV GHU JDQ]
OHLVHQDFKHLQHUDOWHQGUROOLJHQ0HORGLHYRUVLFKKLQVXPPWH
(LQJXWHU0DQQHLQEUDYHU0DQQ(LQ0DQQYRQ&RPSODLVDQFHQ
(U NRFKW GLH 6XSS¶ XQG ZLHJW GDV .LQG 8QG ULHFKW QDFK
3RPHUDQ]HQ
(U VD‰ ]XU 6HLWH GHU NOHLQHQ :LHJH PLW JUQVHLGHQHQ 9RUKlQJHQ
GLH EHL GHP KRKHQ +LPPHOEHWW GHU .RQVXOLQ VWDQG XQG GLH HU PLW


HLQHU+DQGLQJOHLFKPl‰LJHU6FKZLQJXQJHUKLHOW'LH.RQVXOLQXQG
LKU*DWWHKDWWHQVLFKGHUOHLFKWHUHQ%HGLHQXQJKDOEHUIUHLQLJH=HLW
KLHUXQWHQHLQJHULFKWHWZlKUHQGLKU9DWHUXQG0DGDPH$QWRLQHWWH
GLHHLQH6FKU]HEHUGHPJHVWUHLIWHQ.OHLGHXQGHLQH6SLW]HQKDXEH
DXI GHQ GLFNHQ ZHL‰HQ /RFNHQ VLFK GRUW KLQWHQ DP 7LVFKH PLW
)ODQHOO XQG /LQQHQ ]X VFKDIIHQ PDFKWH GDV GULWWH =LPPHU GHV
=ZLVFKHQJHVFKRVVHV]XP6FKODIHQEHQXW]WHQ
.RQVXO%XGGHQEURRNZDUINDXPHLQHQ%OLFNLQGDV1HEHQ]LPPHU
VR VHKU ZDU HU YRQ VHLQHU $UEHLW LQ $QVSUXFK JHQRPPHQ 6HLQ
*HVLFKW WUXJ HLQHQ HUQVWHQ XQG YRU $QGDFKW EHLQDKH OHLGHQGHQ
$XVGUXFN6HLQ0XQGZDUOHLFKWJH|IIQHWHUOLH‰GDV.LQQHLQZHQLJ
KlQJHQXQGVHLQH$XJHQYHUVFKOHLHUWHQVLFKGDQQXQGZDQQ
(UVFKULHEª+HXWHGHQ$SULOPRUJHQVXP8KUZDUG
PHLQHOLHEH)UDX (OLVDEHWK JHE.U|JHU PLW *RWWHV JQlGLJHU +LOIH
DXIVJOFNOLFKVWHYRQHLQHP7|FKWHUFKHQHQWEXQGHQZHOFKHVLQGHU
KO7DXIHGHQ1DPHQ&ODUDHPSIDQJHQVROO-DVRJQlGLJKDOILKUGHU
+HUU REJOHLFK QDFK $XVVDJH GHV 'RNWRUV *UDERZ GLH *HEXUW XP
HWZDV]XIUKHLQWUDWXQGVLFKYRUGHPQLFKWDOOHV]XPEHVWHQYHUKLHOW
XQG %HWKV\ JUR‰H 6FKPHU]HQ JHOLWWHQ KDW $FK ZR LVW GRFK HLQ
VROFKHU *RWW ZLH GX ELVW GX +HUU =HEDRWK GHU GX KLOIVW LQ DOOHQ
1|WHQ XQG *HIDKUHQ XQG XQV OHKUVW GHLQHQ :LOOHQ UHFKW ]X
HUNHQQHQ GDPLW ZLU GLFK IXUFKWHQ XQG LQ GHLQHP :LOOHQ XQG
*HERWHQWUHXP|JHQHUIXQGHQZHUGHQ$FK+HUUOHLWHXQGIKUHXQV
DOOHVRODQJHZLUOHEHQDXI(UGHQ«©
'LH )HGHU HLOWH ZHLWHU JODWW EHKHQGH XQG LQGHP VLH KLH XQG GD
HLQHQ NDXIPlQQLVFKHQ 6FKQ|UNHO DXVIKUWH XQG UHGHWH =HLOH IU
=HLOH]X*RWW=ZHL6HLWHQZHLWHUKLH‰HVª,FKKDEHPHLQHUMQJVWHQ
7RFKWHUHLQH3ROLFHYRQ.XUDQWWDOHUQDXVJHVFKULHEHQ)KUHGX
VLHDFK+HUUDXIGHLQHQ:HJHQXQGVFKHQNHGXLKUHLQUHLQHV+HU]
DXI GD‰ VLH HLQVWPDOV HLQJHKH LQ GLH :RKQXQJHQ GHV HZLJHQ
)ULHGHQV 'HQQ ZLU ZLVVHQ ZRKO ZLH VFKZHU HV VHL YRQ JDQ]HU
6HHOH ]X JODXEHQ GD‰ GHU JDQ]H OLHEH V‰H -HVXV PHLQ VHL ZHLO
XQVHULUGLVFKHVNOHLQHVVFKZDFKHV+HU]«©
1DFKGUHL6HLWHQVFKULHEGHU.RQVXOHLQª$PHQ©DOOHLQGLH)HGHU
JOLWWZHLWHUVLHJOLWWPLWIHLQHP*HUlXVFKQRFKEHUPDQFKHV%ODWW
VLHVFKULHEYRQGHUN|VWOLFKHQ4XHOOHGLHGHQPGHQ:DQGHUVPDQQ
ODEW YRQ GHV 6HOLJPDFKHUV KHLOLJHQ EOXWWULHIHQGHQ :XQGHQ YRP


HQJHQXQGYRPEUHLWHQ:HJHXQGYRQ*RWWHVJUR‰HU+HUUOLFKNHLW(V
NDQQ QLFKW JHOHXJQHW ZHUGHQ GD‰ GHU .RQVXO QDFK GLHVHP RGHU
MHQHP6DW]HGLH1HLJXQJYHUVSUWHHVQXQJHQXJVHLQ]XODVVHQGLH
)HGHU IRUW]XOHJHQ KLQHLQ ]X VHLQHU *DWWLQ ]X JHKHQ RGHU VLFK LQV
.RQWRU]XEHJHEHQ:LHDEHU:XUGHHUHV VR EDOG PGH VLFK PLW
VHLQHP6FK|SIHUXQG(UKDOWHU]XEHUHGHQ":HOFKHLQ5DXEDQ,KP
GHP+HUUQVFKRQMHW]WHLQ]XKDOWHQPLW6FKUHLEHQ«1HLQQHLQDOV
=FKWLJXQJ JHUDGH IU VHLQ XQIURPPHV *HOVWH ]LWLHUWH HU QRFK
OlQJHUH $EVFKQLWWH DXV GHQ KHLOLJHQ 6FKULIWHQ EHWHWH IU VHLQH
(OWHUQ VHLQH )UDX VHLQH .LQGHU XQG VLFK VHOEVW EHWHWH DXFK IU
VHLQHQ %UXGHU *RWWKROG  XQG HQGOLFK QDFK HLQHP OHW]WHQ
%LEHOVSUXFK XQG HLQHP OHW]WHQ GUHLPDOLJHQ $PHQ VWUHXWH HU
*ROGVDQGDXIGLH6FKULIWXQGOHKQWHVLFKDXIDWPHQG]XUFN
(LQ%HLQEHUGDVDQGHUHJHVFKODJHQEOlWWHUWHHUODQJVDPLQGHP
+HIWH ]XUFN XP KLH XQG GD HLQHQ $EVFKQLWW GHU 'DWHQ XQG
%HWUDFKWXQJHQ ]X OHVHQ GLH VLFK YRQ VHLQHU +DQG GRUW YRUIDQGHQ
XQGVLFKZLHGHUHLQPDOGDQNEDUGHU(UNHQQWQLV]XIUHXHQZLHLPPHU
XQGLQDOOHU*HIDKU*RWWHV+DQGLKQVLFKWEDUJHVHJQHW(UKDWWHGLH
3RFNHQ JHKDEW VR VWDUN GD‰ DOOH /HXWH LKP GDV /HEHQ DEVSUDFKHQ
DEHUHUZDUJHUHWWHWZRUGHQ
(LQPDOHUZDUQRFKHLQ.QDEHKDWWHHUGHQ9RUEHUHLWXQJHQ]X
HLQHU+RFK]HLWEHLJHZRKQWZREHLYLHO%LHUJHEUDXWZXUGH GHQQHV
EHVWDQGGLHDOWH6LWWHGDV%LHULP+DXVH]XEUDXHQ XQG]XGLHVHP
(QGH VWDQG HLQ JUR‰HV %UDXNEHQ YRU GHU 7UH DXIJHULFKWHW 1XQ
GDVVHOEH VFKOXJ QLHGHU XQG GLH %RGHQVHLWH DXI GHQ .QDEHQ PLW
VROFKHP .QDOO XQG VROFKHU *HZDOWGD‰ GLH 1DFKEDUQ YRU GLH 7UH
NDPHQXQGLKUHUVHFKVJHQXJ]XWXQKDWWHQHVZLHGHUDXI]XULFKWHQ
6HLQ.RSIZDUGJHTXHWVFKWXQGGDV%OXWUDQQKHIWLJEHUDOOHVHLQH
*OLHGPD‰HQ (U ZXUGH LQ HLQHQ /DGHQ JHWUDJHQ XQG GD QRFK HLQ
ZHQLJ /HEHQ LQ LKP ZDU ZDUG ]XP 'RNWRU XQG ]XP :XQGDU]W
JHVFKLFNW 'HP 9DWHU DEHU VSUDFK PDQ ]X HU P|JH VLFK LQ *RWWHV
:LOOHQ VFKLFNHQ HV VHL XQP|JOLFK GD‰ GHU .QDEH DP /HEHQ
EOLHEH«8QGQXQK|UH*RWWGHU$OOPlFKWLJHVHJQHWHGLH0LWWHOXQG
KDOI LKP ZLHGHU ]XU YROONRPPHQHQ *HVXQGKHLW  $OV GHU .RQVXO
GLHVHQ8QJOFNVIDOOLP*HLVWHDXIVQHXHHUOHEWKDWWHHUJULIIHUQRFK
HLQPDOGLH)HGHUXQGVFKULHEKLQWHUVHLQOHW]WHV$PHQª-D+HUULFK
ZLOOGLFKOREHQHZLJOLFK©


(LQDQGHUHV0DODOVHUHLQJDQ]MXQJHU0HQVFKQRFKQDFK%HUJHQ
JHNRPPHQ ZDU KDWWH *RWW LKQ DXV JUR‰HU :DVVHUVJHIDKU HUUHWWHW
ª,QGHP ZLU© VWDQG GRUW ªLQ GHU 6WURP]HLW ZHQQ GLH 1RUGIDKUHU
DQJHNRPPHQ VLQG VHKU YLHO DUEHLWHQ PX‰WHQ GXUFK GLH -DFKWHQ ]X
NRPPHQ XQG ]X XQVHUHU %UFNH ]X JHODQJHQ VR JLQJ HV PLU GDEHL
VR GD‰ LFK DXI GHP 5DQGH GHU 6FKXWH VWDQG GLH )‰H JHJHQ GLH
'ROOHQ XQG GHQ 5FNHQ JHJHQ GLH -DFKW JHVWW]W XP GLH 6FKXWH
LPPHU QlKHU ]X EULQJHQ ]X PHLQHP 8QJOFN EUHFKHQ GLH HLFKQHQ
'ROOHQZRJHJHQLFKGLH)‰HJHVHW]WKDWWHXQGLFKIDOOHEHU.RSI
LQV:DVVHU,FKNRPPH]XPHUVWHQPDODXIDEHUQLHPDQGLVWVRQDKH
GD‰HUPLFKIDVVHQNDQQLFKNRPPH]XP]ZHLWHQPDODXIDOOHLQGLH
6FKXWHJHKWPLUEHUGHQ.RSI(VZDUHQ/HXWHJHQXJGDGLHPLFK
JHUQH UHWWHQ ZROOWHQ DOOHLQ VLH PX‰WHQ HUVW VFKLHEHQ GD‰ GLH -DFKW
XQG6FKXWHQLFKWEHUPLFKNlPHQXQGDOOLKU6FKLHEHQKlWWHGRFK
QLFKWVJHKROIHQZHQQQLFKWLQGLHVHP$XJHQEOLFNHLQ7DXDXIHLQHU
1RUGIDKUHUMDFKW YRQ VHOEVW JHULVVHQ ZlUH ZRGXUFK GLH -DFKW
KLQDXVWULHEXQGLFKDOVRGXUFK*RWWHV9HUKlQJQLV5DXPHUKLHOWXQG
REZRKO LFK ]XP GULWWHQPDO QLFKW ZHLWHU DXINDP DOV GD‰ QXU GLH
+DDUH ]XU 6LFKW NDPHQ VR JHODQJ HV ZHLO DOOH GLH.|SIH GHU HLQH
KLHU GHU DQGHUH GRUW DXV GHU 6FKXWH EHU GHP :DVVHU ZDUHQ GD‰
HLQHU GHU QDFK YRUQH ]X DXV GHU 6FKXWH ODJ PLFK DQ GHQ +DDUHQ
ID‰WHXQGLFKJULIILKQDP$UP$OOHLQGDHUVLFKVHOEVWQLFKWKDOWHQ
NRQQWHVFKULHXQGEUOOWHHUVRJHZDOWLJGD‰GLHDQGHUHQHVK|UWHQ
XQG LKQ VR JHVFKZLQG DQ GHQ +IWHQ ID‰WHQ XQG PLW 0DFKW
IHVWKLHOWHQ GD‰ HU VWDQGKDOWHQ NRQQWH $XFK LFK KLHOW LPPHU IHVW
ZHQQJOHLFKHUPLFKLQGHQ$UPEL‰XQGNDPHVGDGXUFKGDKLQGD‰
HU DXFK PLU KHOIHQ NRQQWH«© 8QG GDQQ IROJWH HLQ VHKU ODQJHV
'DQNJHEHWGDVGHU.RQVXOPLWIHXFKWHQ$XJHQEHUODV
ª,FKN|QQWHJDUYLHOHVDQIKUHQ©KLH‰HVDQDQGHUHU6WHOOHªZHQQ
LFK JHZLOOLJW ZlUH PHLQH /HLGHQVFKDIWHQ ]X HQWGHFNHQ DOOHLQ«©
1XQ KLHUEHU JLQJ GHU.RQVXO KLQZHJ XQG EHJDQQ KLH XQG GD HLQ
SDDU =HLOHQ DXV GHU =HLW VHLQHU 9HUKHLUDWXQJ XQG VHLQHU HUVWHQ
9DWHUVFKDIW ]X OHVHQ 'LHVH 9HUELQGXQJ ZDU VROOWH HU HKUOLFK VHLQ
QLFKW JHUDGH GDV JHZHVHQ ZDV PDQ HLQH /LHEHVKHLUDW QHQQW 6HLQ
9DWHUKDWWHLKPDXIGLH6FKXOWHUJHNORSIWXQGLKQDXIGLH7RFKWHUGHV
UHLFKHQ .U|JHU GLH GHU )LUPD HLQH VWDWWOLFKH 0LWJLIW ]XIKUWH
DXIPHUNVDP JHPDFKW HU ZDU YRQ +HU]HQ HLQYHUVWDQGHQ JHZHVHQ


XQGKDWWHIRUWDQVHLQH*DWWLQYHUHKUWDOVGLHLKPYRQ*RWWYHUWUDXWH
*HIlKUWLQ«
0LWGHU]ZHLWHQ+HLUDW VHLQHV9DWHUV KDWWH HVVLFKMD QLFKWDQGHUV
YHUKDOWHQ
(LQJXWHU0DQQHLQEUDYHU0DQQ(LQ0DQQYRQ&RPSODLVDQFHQ«
WUlOOHUWH HU OHLVH LP 6FKODI]LPPHU %HGDXHUOLFK ZLH ZHQLJ 6LQQ HU
IUDOOHGLHVHDOWHQ$XI]HLFKQXQJHQXQG3DSLHUHEHVD‰(UVWDQGPLW
EHLGHQ%HLQHQLQGHU*HJHQZDUWXQGEHVFKlIWLJWHVLFKQLFKWYLHOPLW
GHU9HUJDQJHQKHLWGHU )DPLOLH ZHQQJOHLFK HU HKHPDOV GHP GLFNHQ
*ROGVFKQLWWKHIW LPPHUKLQ HLQ SDDU 1RWL]HQ LQ VHLQHU HWZDV
VFKQ|UNHOLJHQ +DQGVFKULIW KLQ]XJHIJW KDWWH XQG ]ZDU
KDXSWVlFKOLFKLQEHWUHIIVHLQHUHUVWHQ(KH
'HU.RQVXOVFKOXJGLH%OlWWHUDXIGLHVWlUNHUXQGUDXKHUZDUHQDOV
GDV3DSLHUGDVHUVHOEVWKLQHLQJHKHIWHWXQGGLHVFKRQ]XYHUJLOEHQ
EHJDQQHQ« -D -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN PX‰WH GLHVH HUVWH *DWWLQ GLH
7RFKWHU HLQHV %UHPHU .DXIPDQQHV LQ UKUHQGHU :HLVH JHOLHEW
KDEHQXQGGDVHLQHNXU]H-DKUGDVHUDQLKUHU6HLWHKDWWHYHUOHEHQ
GUIHQ VFKLHQ VHLQ VFK|QVWHV JHZHVHQ ]X VHLQ ª/¶DQQHH OD SOXV
KHXUHXVH GH PD YLH© VWDQG GRUW PLW HLQHU NUDXVHQ :HOOHQOLQLH
XQWHUVWULFKHQDXIGLH*HIDKUKLQGD‰0DGDPH$QWRLQHWWHHVODV«
'DQQ DEHU ZDU *RWWKROG JHNRPPHQ XQG GDV .LQG KDWWH
-RVHSKLQHQ ]XJUXQGH JHULFKWHW« :XQGHUOLFKH %HPHUNXQJHQ
VWDQGHQ ZDV GLHV EHWULIIW DXI GHP UDXKHQ 3DSLHU -RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRNVFKLHQGLHVHVQHXH:HVHQHKUOLFKXQGELWWHUOLFKJHKD‰W
]X KDEHQ YRQ GHP $XJHQEOLFN DQ ZR VHLQH HUVWHQ NHFNHQ
5HJXQJHQGHU0XWWHUJUl‰OLFKH6FKPHU]HQEHUHLWHWKDWWHQ JHKD‰W
]X KDEHQ ELV HV JHVXQG XQG OHEKDIW ]XU :HOW NDP ZlKUHQG
-RVHSKLQH GHQ EOXWOHHUHQ .RSI LQ GLH .LVVHQ JHZKOW YHUVFKLHG 
XQG QLHPDOV GLHVHP VNUXSHOORVHQ (LQGULQJOLQJ GHU NUlIWLJ XQG
VRUJORVKHUDQZXFKVGHQ0RUGGHU0XWWHUYHU]LHKHQ]XKDEHQ«
'HU.RQVXOYHUVWDQGGDVQLFKW6LHVWDUEGDFKWHHULQGHPVLHGLH
KRKH 3IOLFKW GHV :HLEHV HUIOOWH XQG LFK KlWWH GLH /LHEH ]X LKU
]lUWOLFKDXIGDV:HVHQEHUWUDJHQGHPVLHGDV/HEHQVFKHQNWHXQG
GDVVLHPLUVFKHLGHQGKLQWHUOLH‰«(UDEHUGHU9DWHUKDWLQVHLQHP
lOWHVWHQ6RKQHQLHHWZDVDQGHUHVDOVGHQUXFKORVHQ=HUVW|UHUVHLQHV
*OFNHV HUEOLFNW 'DQQ VSlWHU KDWWH HU VLFK PLW $QWRLQHWWH


'XFKDPSV GHP .LQGH HLQHU UHLFKHQ XQG KRFKDQJHVHKHQHQ
+DPEXUJHU )DPLOLH YHUPlKOW XQG UHVSHNWYROO XQG DXIPHUNVDP
KDWWHQGLHEHLGHQQHEHQHLQDQGHUJHOHEW«
'HU.RQVXOEOlWWHUWHKLQXQGKHULP+HIWH(UODVJDQ]KLQWHQGLH
NOHLQHQ *HVFKLFKWHQ VHLQHU HLJHQHQ .LQGHU ZDQQ 7RP GLH 0DVHUQ
XQG $QWRQLH GLH *HOEVXFKW JHKDEW XQG &KULVWLDQ GLH :LQGSRFNHQ
EHUVWDQGHQKDWWHHUODV YRQ GHQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQ 5HLVHQ QDFK 3DULV
GHU6FKZHL]XQG0DULHQEDGGLHHUPLWVHLQHU*DWWLQXQWHUQRPPHQ
XQG VFKOXJ ]XUFN ELV ]X GHQ SHUJDPHQWDUWLJHQ HLQJHULVVHQHQ
JHOEJHVSUHQNHOWHQ %OlWWHUQ GLH GHU DOWH -RKDQ %XGGHQEURRN GHU
9DWHU GHV 9DWHUV PLW EOD‰JUDXHU 7LQWH LQ ZHLWOlXILJHQ 6FKQ|UNHOQ
EHVFKULHEHQKDWWH
'LHVH $XI]HLFKQXQJHQ EHJDQQHQ PLW HLQHU ZHLWOlXILJHQ
*HQHDORJLH ZHOFKH GLH +DXSWOLQLH YHUIROJWH :LH DP (QGH GHV
VHFK]HKQWHQ-DKUKXQGHUWVHLQ%XGGHQEURRNGHUlOWHVWHGHUEHNDQQW
LQ3DUFKLPJHOHEWXQGVHLQ6RKQ]X*UDEDX5DWVKHUUJHZRUGHQVHL
:LHHLQ IHUQHUHU %XGGHQEURRN *HZDQGVFKQHLGHU VHLQHV =HLFKHQV
]X5RVWRFNJHKHLUDWHWªVLFKVHKUJXWJHVWDQGHQ©ZDVXQWHUVWULFKHQ
ZDU  XQG HLQH XQJHPHLQH 0HQJH YRQ .LQGHUQ JH]HXJW KDEH WRWH
XQGOHEHQGLJHZLHHVJHUDGHNDP«:LHZLHGHUXPHLQHUGHUVFKRQ
-RKDQ JHKHL‰HQ DOV .DXIPDQQ ]X 5RVWRFN YHUEOLHEHQ XQG ZLH
VFKOLH‰OLFK DP (QGH XQG QDFK PDQFKHP -DKU GHV .RQVXOV
*UR‰YDWHU KLHUKHUJHNRPPHQ VHL XQG GLH *HWUHLGHILUPD JHJUQGHW
KDEH9RQGLHVHP9RUIDKUHQZDUHQVFKRQDOOH'DWHQEHNDQQW:DQQ
HU GLH )ULHVHOQ XQG ZDQQ GLH HFKWHQ %ODWWHUQ JHKDEW ZDU WUHX
YHU]HLFKQHWZDQQHUYRPGULWWHQ%RGHQDXIGLH'DUUHJHVWU]WXQG
DP/HEHQJHEOLHEHQREJOHLFKHLQH0HQJH%DONHQLP:HJHJHZHVHQ
VHLHQXQGZDQQHULQHLQKLW]LJ)LHEHUPLW5DVHUHL YHUIDOOHQVWDQG
UHLQOLFK YHUPHUNW 8QG HU KDWWH VHLQHQ 1RWL]HQ PDQFKH JXWH
(UPDKQXQJ DQ VHLQH 1DFKNRPPHQ KLQ]XJHIJW YRQ GHQHQ
VRUJIDOWLJ LQ KRKHU JRWLVFKHU 6FKULIW JHPDOW XQG XPUDKPW GHU 6DW]
KHUYRUVWDFKª0HLQ6RKQVH\PLW/XVWEH\GHQ*HVFKlIWHQDP7DJH
DEHUPDFKHQXUVROFKHGD‰ZLUEH\1DFKWUXKLJVFKODIHQN|QQHQ©
8QG GDQQ ZDU XPVWlQGOLFK QDFKJHZLHVHQ GD‰ LKP GLH DOWH ]X
:LWWHQEHUJ JHGUXFNWH %LEHO ]XJHK|UH XQG GD‰ VLH DXI VHLQHQ
(UVWJHERUHQHQXQGZLHGHUXPDXIGHVVHQbOWHVWHQEHUJHKHQVROOH«


.RQVXO%XGGHQEURRN]RJGLH/HGHUPDSSH]XVLFKKHUDQXPGLHV
RGHUMHQHVGHUEULJHQ3DSLHUHKHUDXV]XJUHLIHQXQG]XEHUOHVHQ'D
ZDUHQ XUDOWH JHOEH ]HUULVVHQH %ULHIH ZHOFKH VRUJHQGH 0WWHU DQ
LKUH LQ GHU )UHPGH DUEHLWHQGHQ 6|KQH JHVFKULHEHQ KDWWHQ XQG GLH
YRP (PSIlQJHU PLW GHU %HPHUNXQJ YHUVHKHQ ZDUHQ ª:RKO
HPSIDQJHQ XQG GHQ ,QKDOW EHKHU]LJW© 'D ZDUHQ %UJHUEULHIH PLW
:DSSHQ XQG 6LHJHO GHU )UHLHQ XQG +DQVHVWDGW 3ROLFHQ
*UDWXODWLRQVSRHPH XQG 3DWHQEULHIH 'D ZDUHQ GLHVH UKUHQGHQ
*HVFKlIWVEULHIH GLH HWZD GHU 6RKQ DQ GHQ 9DWHU XQG .RPSDJQRQ
DXV 6WRFNKROP RGHU $PVWHUGDP JHVFKULHEHQ GLH PLW HLQHU
%HUXKLJXQJ LQ EHWUHII GHV ]LHPOLFK JHVLFKHUWHQ :HL]HQV GLH
GULQJHQGH %LWWH YHUEDQGHQ VRJOHLFK )UDX XQG .LQGHU ]X JU‰HQ«
'D ZDU HLQ EHVRQGHUHV 7DJHEXFK GHV .RQVXOV EHU VHLQH 5HLVH
GXUFK (QJODQG XQG %UDEDQW HLQ +HIW DXI GHVVHQ 8PVFKODJ HLQ
.XSIHU GDV (GLQEXUJHU 6FKOR‰ PLW GHP *UDVPDUNWH GDUVWHOOWH 'D
ZDUHQDOVWUDXULJH'RNXPHQWHGLHE|VHQ%ULHIH*RWWKROGVDQVHLQHQ
9DWHU XQG VFKOLH‰OLFK DOV KHLWHUHU $EVFKOX‰ GDV OHW]WH )HVWJHGLFKW
-HDQ-DFTXHV+RIIVWHGH¶V«
(LQ IHLQHV HLOLJHV .OLQJHOQ OLH‰ VLFK YHUQHKPHQ 'HU .LUFKWXUP
GUREHQDXIGHPPDWWIDUELJHQ*HPlOGHGDVEHUGHP6HNUHWlUKLQJ
XQGHLQHQDOWHUWPOLFKHQ0DUNWSODW]GDUVWHOOWHEHVD‰HLQHZLUNOLFKH
8KUGLHQXQDXILKUH:HLVH]HKQVFKOXJ'HU.RQVXOYHUVFKOR‰GLH
)DPLOLHQPDSSHXQGYHUZDKUWHVLHVRUJIlOWLJLQHLQHPKLQWHUHQ)DFKH
GHV6HNUHWlUV'DQQJLQJHULQV6FKODI]LPPHUKLQEHU
+LHU ZDUHQ GLH :lQGH PLW GXQNOHP JUR‰JHEOPWHP 7XFKH
DXVJHVFKODJHQ GHP JOHLFKHQ 6WRIIH DXV GHP GLH KRKHQ *DUGLQHQ
GHV :RFKHQEHWWHV EHVWDQGHQ (LQH 6WLPPXQJ YRQ (UKROXQJ XQG
)ULHGHQQDFKEHUVWDQGHQHQbQJVWHQXQG6FKPHU]HQODJLQGHU/XIW
GLHYRP2IHQQRFKOHLVHHUZlUPWPLWHLQHP0LVFKJHUXFKYRQ(DX
GH &RORJQH XQG 0HGLNDPHQWHQ GXUFKVHW]W ZDU 'LH JHVFKORVVHQHQ
9RUKlQJHOLH‰HQGDV/LFKWQXUGlPPHUQGKHUHLQ
hEHU GLH :LHJH JHEHXJW VWDQGHQ GLH EHLGHQ $OWHQ QHEHQHLQDQGHU
XQG EHWUDFKWHWHQ GDV VFKODIHQGH .LQG 'LH .RQVXOLQ DEHU LQ HLQHU
HOHJDQWHQ6SLW]HQMDFNHGDVU|WOLFKH+DDUDXIVEHVWHIULVLHUWVWUHFNWH
HLQ ZHQLJ EOHLFK QRFK DEHU PLW HLQHP JOFNOLFKHQ /lFKHOQ LKUHP
*DWWHQ GLH VFK|QH +DQG HQWJHJHQ DQ GHUHQ *HOHQN DXFK MHW]W HLQ
JROGHQHV $UPEDQG OHLVH NOLUUWH 6LH ZDQGWH GDEHL QDFK LKUHU


*HZRKQKHLW GLH +DQGIOlFKH VR ZHLW DOV P|JOLFK KHUXP ZDV GLH
+HU]OLFKNHLWGHU%HZHJXQJ]XHUK|KHQVFKLHQǻ1XQ%HWKV\ZLH
JHKWHV"©
ª9RUWUHIIOLFKYRUWUHIIOLFKPHLQOLHEHU-HDQ©
,KUH +DQG LQ GHU VHLQHQ QlKHUWH HU GHQ (OWHUQ JHJHQEHU VHLQ
*HVLFKW GHP .LQGH GDV UDVFK XQG JHUlXVFKYROO /XIW KROWH XQG
DWPHWH ZlKUHQG HLQHU 0LQXWH GHQ ZDUPHQ JXWPWLJHQ XQG
UKUHQGHQ'XIWHLQGHUYRQLKPDXVJLQJª*RWWVHJQHGLFK©VDJWHHU
OHLVH LQGHP HU GLH 6WLUQ GHV NOHLQHQ :HVHQV N‰WH GHVVHQ JHOEH
UXQ]OLJH)LQJHUFKHQHLQHYHU]ZHLIHOWHbKQOLFKNHLWPLW+KQHUNODXHQ
EHVD‰HQ
ª6LHKDWSUlFKWLJJHWUXQNHQ©EHPHUNWH0DGDPH$QWRLQHWWHª6LHK
QXUVLHKDWVWXSHQGH]XJHQRPPHQ«©
ª:ROOW LKU PLU JODXEHQ GD‰ VLH 1HWWHQ lKQOLFK VLHKW"© -RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRNV*HVLFKWVWUDKOWHKHXWHJHUDGH]XYRU*OFNXQG6WRO]
ª%OLW]VFKZDU]H$XJHQKDWVLHKROHPLFKGHU7HXIHO«©
'LHDOWH'DPHZHKUWHEHVFKHLGHQDE ª$FK ZLH NDQQ PDQ VFKRQ
MHW]WYRQHLQHUbKQOLFKNHLWVSUHFKHQ«'XZLOOVW]XU.LUFKH-HDQ"©
ª-DHVLVW]HKQKRKH=HLWDOVRLFKZDUWHDXIGLH.LQGHU©
8QGGLH.LQGHUOLH‰HQVLFKEHUHLWVK|UHQ6LHOlUPWHQXQJHEKUOLFK
DXIGHU7UHSSHZlKUHQGPDQGDVEHUXKLJHQGH=LVFKHQ.ORWKLOGHQV
YHUQDKPGDQQDEHUWUDWHQVLHLQLKUHQ3HO]PlQWHOFKHQGHQQLQGHU
0DULHQNLUFKHZDUHVQDWUOLFKQRFKZLQWHUOLFKOHLVHXQGYRUVLFKWLJ
KHUHLQ HUVWHQV ZHJHQ GHU NOHLQHQ 6FKZHVWHU XQG ]ZHLWHQV ZHLO HV
Q|WLJ ZDU VLFK YRU GHP *RWWHVGLHQVWH ]X VDPPHOQ ,KUH *HVLFKWHU
ZDUHQ URW XQG HUUHJW :HOFK HLQ )HVWWDJ KHXWH 'HU 6WRUFK HLQ
6WRUFK PLW EUDYHQ 0XVNHOQ HQWVFKLHGHQ KDWWH DX‰HU GHP
6FKZHVWHUFKHQ QRFK DOOHUOHL 3UDFKWYROOHV PLWJHEUDFKW HLQH QHXH
6FKXOPDSSH PLW 6HHKXQGVIHOO IU 7KRPDV HLQH JUR‰H 3XSSH PLW
ZLUNOLFKHPGLHVZDUGDV $X‰HURUGHQWOLFKH  PLW ZLUNOLFKHP +DDU
IU$QWRQLHHLQEXQWHV%LOGHUEXFKIUGLHDUWLJH.ORWKLOGHGLHVLFK
DEHU VWLOO XQG GDQNEDU IDVW DXVVFKOLH‰OLFK PLW GHQ =XFNHUWWHQ
EHVFKlIWLJWHGLHJOHLFKIDOOVHLQJHWURIIHQZDUHQXQGIU&KULVWLDQHLQ
NRPSOHWWHV.DVSHUOHWKHDWHUPLW6XOWDQ7RGXQG7HXIHO«
6LH N‰WHQ LKUH 0XWWHU XQG GXUIWHQ UDVFK QRFK HLQPDO EHKXWVDP
KLQWHUGLHJUQVHLGQH*DUGLQHEOLFNHQZRUDXIVLHPLWGHP9DWHUGHU


VHLQHQ3HOHULQHQPDQWHOEHUJHZRUIHQXQGGDV*HVDQJEXFK]XU+DQG
JHQRPPHQ KDWWH VFKZHLJHQG XQG UXKLJHQ 6FKULWWHV ]XU .LUFKH
]RJHQ JHIROJW YRQ GHP GXUFKGULQJHQGHQ *HVFKUHL GHV QHXHQ
)DPLOLHQJOLHGHVGDVSO|W]OLFKHUZDFKWZDU«

=ZHLWHV.DSLWHO

=XP 6RPPHU LP 0DL YLHOOHLFKW VFKRQ RGHU LP -XQL ]RJ 7RQ\
%XGGHQEURRN LPPHU ]X GHQ *UR‰HOWHUQ YRUV %XUJWRU KLQDXV XQG
]ZDUPLWKHOOHU)UHXGH
(V OHEWH VLFK JXW GRUW GUDX‰HQ LP )UHLHQ LQ GHU OX[XUL|V
HLQJHULFKWHWHQ 9LOOD PLW ZHLWOlXILJHQ 1HEHQJHElXGHQ
'LHQHUVFKDIWVZRKQXQJHQ XQG 5HPLVHQ XQG GHP XQJHKHXUHQ 2EVW
*HPVHXQG%OXPHQJDUWHQGHUVLFKVFKUlJDEIDOOHQGELV]XU7UDYH
KLQXQWHU]RJ'LH.U|JHUVOHEWHQDXIJUR‰HP)X‰HXQGREJOHLFKHLQ
8QWHUVFKLHG EHVWDQG ]ZLVFKHQ GLHVHP EOLW]EODQNHQ 5HLFKWXP XQG
GHP VROLGHQ ZHQQ DXFK HLQ ZHQLJ VFKZHUIlOOLJHQ :RKOVWDQG LQ
7RQ\¶V (OWHUQKDXVH VR ZDU HV DXJHQIlOOLJ GD‰ EHL GHQ *UR‰HOWHUQ
DOOHVLPPHUQRFKXP]ZHL*UDGHSUlFKWLJHUZDUDOV]X+DXVHXQG
GDVPDFKWH(LQGUXFNDXIGLHMXQJH'HPRLVHOOH%XGGHQEURRN
$QHLQH7lWLJNHLWLP+DXVHRGHUJDULQGHU.FKHZDUKLHUQLHPDOV
]XGHQNHQZlKUHQGLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HGHU*UR‰YDWHUXQGGLH0DPD
ZRKOJOHLFKIDOOVQLFKWYLHO*HZLFKWGDUDXIOHJWHQGHU9DWHUDEHUXQG
GLH*UR‰PDPDVLHRIWJHQXJPDKQWHQGHQ6WDXE]XZLVFKHQXQGLKU
GLH HUJHEHQH IURPPH XQG IOHL‰LJH &RXVLQH 7KLOGD DOV 0XVWHU
YRUKLHOWHQ'LHIHXGDOHQ1HLJXQJHQGHUPWWHUOLFKHQ)DPLOLHUHJWHQ
VLFKLQGHPNOHLQHQ)UlXOHLQZHQQVLHYRP6FKDXNHOVWXKOHDXVGHU
=RIH RGHU GHP 'LHQHU HLQHQ %HIHKO HUWHLOWH« =ZHL 0lGFKHQ XQG
HLQ .XWVFKHU JHK|UWHQ DX‰HU LKQHQ ]XP 3HUVRQDOH GHU DOWHQ
+HUUVFKDIWHQ
:DV PDQ VDJHQ PDJ VR LVW HV HWZDV $QJHQHKPHV ZHQQ EHLP
(UZDFKHQ PRUJHQV LQ GHP JUR‰HQ PLW KHOOHP 6WRII WDSH]LHUWHQ
6FKODI]LPPHU GLH HUVWH %HZHJXQJ GHU +DQG HLQH VFKZHUH
$WODVVWHSSGHFNH WULIIW XQG HV LVW QHQQHQVZHUW ZHQQ ]XP HUVWHQ


)UKVWFN YRUQ LP 7HUUDVVHQ]LPPHU ZlKUHQG GXUFK GLH RIIHQH
*ODVWUYRP*DUWHQGLH0RUJHQOXIWKHUHLQVWUHLFKWVWDWWGHV.DIIHHV
RGHUGHV7HHVHLQH7DVVH6FKRNRODGHYHUDEUHLFKWZLUGMDMHGHQ7DJ
*HEXUWVWDJVVFKRNRODGH PLW HLQHP GLFNHQ 6WFN IHXFKWHQ
1DSINXFKHQV
'LHVHV )UKVWFN IUHLOLFK PX‰WH 7RQ\ DEJHVHKHQ YRQ GHQ
6RQQWDJHQ RKQH *HVHOOVFKDIW HLQQHKPHQ GD GLH *UR‰HOWHUQ ODQJH
QDFK %HJLQQ GHU 6FKXO]HLW KHUXQWHU]XNRPPHQ SIOHJWHQ :HQQ VLH
LKUHQ .XFKHQ ]XU 6FKRNRODGH YHU]HKUW KDWWH VR HUJULII VLH GLH
%FKHUPDSSHWULSSHOWH GLH 7HUUDVVHKLQXQWHU XQG VFKULWWGXUFK GHQ
ZRKOJHSIOHJWHQ9RUJDUWHQ
6LHZDUK|FKVWQLHGOLFKGLHNOHLQH7RQ\%XGGHQEURRN8QWHUGHP
6WURKKXWTXROOLKUVWDUNHV+DDUGHVVHQ%ORQGPLWGHQ-DKUHQGXQNOHU
ZXUGH QDWUOLFK JHORFNW KHUYRU XQG GLH HLQ ZHQLJ KHUYRUVWHKHQGH
2EHUOLSSH JDE GHP IULVFKHQ *HVLFKWFKHQ PLW GHQ JUDXEODXHQ
PXQWHUHQ $XJHQ HLQHQ $XVGUXFN YRQ .HFNKHLW GHU VLFK DXFK LQ
LKUHUJUD]L|VHQNOHLQHQ*HVWDOWZLHGHUIDQGVLHVHW]WHLKUHVFKPDOHQ
%HLQFKHQLQGHQVFKQHHZHL‰HQ6WUPSIHQPLWHLQHUZLHJHQGHQXQG
HODVWLVFKHQ =XYHUVLFKWOLFKNHLW 9LHOH /HXWH NDQQWHQ XQG EHJU‰WHQ
GLH NOHLQH 7RFKWHU GHV .RQVXOV %XGGHQEURRN ZHQQ VLH GXUFK GLH
*DUWHQSIRUWH LQ GLH .DVWDQLHQDOOHH KLQDXVWUDW (LQH *HPVHIUDX
YLHOOHLFKW GLH LKUH JUR‰H 6WURKVFKXWH PLW KHOOJUQHQ %lQGHUQ DXI
GHP.RSILQLKUHP:lJHOFKHQYRP'RUIHKHUHLQNXWVFKLHUWHULHILKU
HLQ IUHXQGOLFKHV ª*RG¶Q 0RUJHQ RRN 0DPVHOOLQJ© ]X XQG GHU
JUR‰H .RUQWUlJHU 0DWWKLHVHQ GHU LQ VHLQHP VFKZDU]HQ +DELW PLW
3XPSKRVHQ ZHL‰HQ 6WUPSIHQ XQG 6FKQDOOHQVFKXKHQ YRUEHUJLQJ
QDKPYRU(KUHUELHWXQJVRJDUVHLQHQUDXKHQ=\OLQGHUDE«
7RQ\ EOLHE HLQ EL‰FKHQ VWHKHQ XP DXI LKUH 1DFKEDULQ -XOFKHQ
+DJHQVWU|P ]X ZDUWHQ PLW GHU VLH GHQ 6FKXOZHJ ]XUFN]XOHJHQ
SIOHJWH 'LHV ZDU HLQ .LQG PLW HWZDV ]X KRKHQ 6FKXOWHUQ XQG
JUR‰HQ EODQNHQ VFKZDU]HQ $XJHQ GDV QHEHQDQ LQ GHU Y|OOLJ YRQ
:HLQODXEEHZDFKVHQHQ9LOODZRKQWH
,KU 9DWHU +HUU +DJHQVWU|P GHVVHQ )DPLOLH QRFK QLFKW ODQJH DP
2UWH DQVlVVLJ ZDU KDWWH HLQH MXQJH )UDQNIXUWHULQ JHKHLUDWHW HLQH
'DPHPLWDX‰HURUGHQWOLFKGLFNHPVFKZDU]HP+DDUXQGGHQJU|‰WHQ
%ULOODQWHQGHU6WDGWDQGHQ2KUHQGLHEULJHQV6HPOLQJHUKLH‰+HUU
+DJHQVWU|P ZHOFKHU 7HLOKDEHU HLQHU ([SRUWILUPD  ¾6WUXQFN


+DJHQVWU|P½ZDUHQWZLFNHOWHLQVWlGWLVFKHQ$QJHOHJHQKHLWHQYLHO
(LIHU XQG (KUJHL] KDWWH MHGRFK EHL /HXWHQ PLW VWUHQJHUHQ
7UDGLWLRQHQ GHQ 0|OOHQGRUSIV /DQJKDOV¶ XQG %XGGHQEURRNV PLW
VHLQHU +HLUDW HLQLJHV %HIUHPGHQ HUUHJW XQG ZDU GDYRQ DEJHVHKHQ
WURW] VHLQHU 5KULJNHLW DOV 0LWJOLHG YRQ $XVVFKVVHQ .ROOHJLHQ
9HUZDOWXQJVUlWHQXQGGHUJOHLFKHQQLFKWVRQGHUOLFKEHOLHEW(UVFKLHQ
HV GDUDXI DEJHVHKHQ ]X KDEHQ GHQ $QJHK|ULJHQ GHU
DOWHLQJHVHVVHQHQ)DPLOLHQEHLMHGHU*HOHJHQKHLW]XRSSRQLHUHQLKUH
0HLQXQJHQ DXI VFKODXH :HLVH ]X ZLGHUOHJHQ GLH VHLQH GDJHJHQ
GXUFK]XVHW]HQ XQG VLFK DOV ZHLW WFKWLJHU XQG XQHQWEHKUOLFKHU ]X
HUZHLVHQDOVVLH
.RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN VDJWH YRQ LKP ª+LQULFK +DJHQVWU|P LVW
DXIGULQJOLFK PLW VHLQHQ 6FKZLHULJNHLWHQ« (U PX‰ HV JHUDGH]X DXI
PLFKSHUV|QOLFKDEJHVHKHQKDEHQZRHUNDQQEHKLQGHUWHUPLFK«
+HXWH JDE HV HLQH 6]HQH LQ GHU 6LW]XQJ GHU =HQWUDO$UPHQ
'HSXWDWLRQ YRU HLQ SDDU 7DJHQ LP )LQDQ]'HSDUWHPHQW«© 8QG
-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNIJWHKLQ]Xª(LQROOHU6WlQNHU©(LQDQGHUHV
0DONDPHQ9DWHUXQG6RKQ]RUQLJXQGGHSULPLHUW]X7LVFKH«:DV
SDVVLHUW VHL" $FK QLFKWV« (LQH JUR‰H /LHIHUXQJ 5RJJHQ QDFK
+ROODQGVHLLKQHQYHUORUHQJHJDQJHQ¾6WUXQFN +DJHQVWU|P½KlWWHQ
VLH LKQHQ YRU GHU 1DVH ZHJJHVFKQDSSW HLQ )XFKV GLHVHU +LQULFK
+DJHQVWU|P«
6ROFKH bX‰HUXQJHQ KDWWH 7RQ\ RIW JHQXJ DQJHK|UW XP JDU QLFKW
]XPEHVWHQJHJHQ-XOFKHQ+DJHQVWU|PJHVWLPPW]XVHLQ6LHJLQJHQ
JHPHLQVDP ZHLO VLH HLQPDO 1DFKEDULQQHQ ZDUHQ DEHU PHLVWHQV
lUJHUWHQVLHHLQDQGHUª0HLQ9DWHUKDWWDXVHQG7DOHU©VDJWH-XOFKHQ
XQGJODXEWHHQWVHW]OLFK]XOJHQª'HLQHUYLHOOHLFKW"©
7RQ\ VFKZLHJ YRU 1HLG XQG 'HPWLJXQJ 'DQQ VDJWH VLH JDQ]
UXKLJ XQG EHLOlXILJ ª0HLQH 6FKRNRODGH KDW HEHQ IXUFKWEDU JXW
JHVFKPHFNW«:DVWULQNVWGXHLJHQWOLFK]XP)UKVWFN-XOFKHQ"©
ª-D HKH LFK HV YHUJHVVH© DQWZRUWHWH -XOFKHQ ªP|FKWHVW GX JHUQ
HLQHQYRQPHLQHQbSIHOQKDEHQ"-DSDKLFKJHEHGLUDEHUNHLQHQ©
8QG GDEHL NQLII VLH LKUH /LSSHQ ]XVDPPHQ XQG LKUH VFKZDU]HQ
$XJHQZXUGHQIHXFKWYRU9HUJQJHQ
0DQFKPDOJLQJ-XOFKHQV%UXGHU+HUPDQQHLQSDDU-DKUHlOWHUDOV
VLH JOHLFK]HLWLJ ]XU 6FKXOH 6LH EHVD‰ QRFK HLQHQ ]ZHLWHQ %UXGHU


QDPHQV 0RULW] DEHU GLHVHU ZDU NUlQNOLFK XQG ZDUG ]X +DXVH
XQWHUULFKWHW+HUPDQQZDUEORQGDEHUVHLQH1DVHODJHLQZHQLJSODWW
DXI GHU 2EHUOLSSH $XFK VFKPDW]WH HU EHVWlQGLJ PLW GHQ /LSSHQ
GHQQHUDWPHWHQXUGXUFKGHQ0XQGª8QVLQQ©VDJWHHUª3DSDKDW
YLHOPHKUDOVWDXVHQG7DOHU©'DV,QWHUHVVDQWHDQLKPDEHUZDUGD‰
HU DOV ]ZHLWHV )UKVWFN ]XU 6FKXOH QLFKW %URW PLWQDKP VRQGHUQ
=LWURQHQVHPPHO HLQ ZHLFKHV RYDOHV 0LOFKJHElFN GDV .RULQWKHQ
HQWKLHOW XQG GDV HU VLFK ]XP hEHUIOX‰ PLW =XQJHQZXUVW RGHU
*lQVHEUXVWEHOHJWH«'LHVZDUVRVHLQ*HVFKPDFN
)U7RQ\%XGGHQEURRNZDUGDVHWZDV1HXHV=LWURQHQVHPPHOPLW
*lQVHEUXVWEULJHQVPX‰WHHVJXWVFKPHFNHQ8QGZHQQHUVLHLQ
VHLQH%OHFKEFKVHEOLFNHQOLH‰VRYHUULHWVLHGHQ:XQVFKHLQ6WFN
]X SURELHUHQ (LQHV 0RUJHQV VDJWH +HUPDQQ ª,FK NDQQ QLFKWV
HQWEHKUHQ7RQ\DEHUPRUJHQZHUGHLFKHLQ6WFNPHKUPLWEULQJHQ
XQG GDV VROO IU GLFK VHLQ ZHQQ GX PLU HWZDV GDIU ZLHGHUJHEHQ
ZLOOVW©
1XQ DP QlFKVWHQ 0RUJHQ WUDW 7RQ\ LQ GLH $OOHH KLQDXV XQG
ZDUWHWH IQI 0LQXWHQ RKQH GD‰ -XOFKHQ JHNRPPHQ ZlUH 6LH
ZDUWHWH QRFK HLQH 0LQXWH XQG GDQQ NDP +HUPDQQ DOOHLQ HU
VFKZHQNWH VHLQH )UKVWFNVGRVH DP 5LHPHQ KLQ XQG KHU XQG
VFKPDW]WH OHLVH ª1D© VDJWH HU ªKLHU LVW HLQH =LWURQHQVHPPHO PLW
*lQVHEUXVWHVLVWQLFKWHLQPDO)HWWGDUDQGDVSXUH)OHLVFK«:DV
JLEVWGXPLUGDIU"©
ª-DHLQHQ6FKLOOLQJYLHOOHLFKW"©IUDJWH7RQ\6LHVWDQGHQPLWWHQLQ
GHU$OOHH
ª(LQHQ 6FKLOOLQJ«© ZLHGHUKROWH +HUPDQQ GDQQ VFKOXFNWH HU
KLQXQWHUXQGVDJWHª1HLQLFKZLOOHWZDVDQGHUHVKDEHQ©
ª:DV GHQQ"© IUDJWH 7RQ\ VLH ZDU EHUHLW DOOHV P|JOLFKH IU GHQ
/HFNHUELVVHQ]XJHEHQ«
ª(LQHQ.X‰©ULHI+HUPDQQ+DJHQVWU|PVFKODQJEHLGH$UPHXP
7RQ\XQGN‰WHEOLQGOLQJVGDUDXIORVRKQHLKU*HVLFKW]XEHUKUHQ
GHQQ VLH KLHOW PLW XQJHKHXUHU *HOHQNLJNHLW GHQ .RSI ]XUFN
VWHPPWHGLHOLQNH+DQGPLWGHU%FKHUPDSSHJHJHQVHLQH%UXVWXQG
NODWVFKWHPLWGHUUHFKWHQGUHLRGHUYLHUPDODXVDOOHQ.UlIWHQLQVHLQ
*HVLFKW«(UWDXPHOWH]XUFNDEHULPVHOEHQ$XJHQEOLFNIXKUKLQWHU
HLQHP %DXPH 6FKZHVWHU -XOFKHQ ZLH HLQ VFKZDU]HV 7HXIHOFKHQ


KHUYRUZDUIVLFK]LVFKHQGYRU:XWDXI7RQ\UL‰LKUGHQ+XWYRP
.RSI XQG ]HUNUDW]WH LKU GLH :DQJHQ DXIV MlPPHUOLFKVWH« 6HLW
GLHVHP(UHLJQLVZDUHVEHLQDKH]X(QGHPLWGHU.DPHUDGVFKDIW
hEULJHQV KDWWH 7RQ\ VLFKHUOLFK QLFKW DXV 6FKFKWHUQKHLW GHP
MXQJHQ +DJHQVWU|P GHQ .X‰ YHUZHLJHUW 6LH ZDU HLQ ]LHPOLFK
NHFNHV *HVFK|SI GDV PLW VHLQHU $XVJHODVVHQKHLW VHLQHQ (OWHUQ LP
EHVRQGHUHQ GHP .RQVXO PDQFKH 6RUJH EHUHLWHWH XQG REJOHLFK VLH
HLQ LQWHOOLJHQWHV .|SIFKHQ EHVD‰ GDV IOLQN LQ GHU 6FKXOH HUOHUQWH
ZDV PDQ EHJHKUWH VR ZDU LKU %HWUDJHQ LQ VR KRKHP *UDGH
PDQJHOKDIW GD‰ VFKOLH‰OLFK VRJDU GLH 6FKXOYRUVWHKHULQ ZHOFKH
)UlXOHLQ $JDWKH 9HUPHKUHQ KLH‰ HLQ ZHQLJ VFKZLW]HQG YRU
9HUOHJHQKHLWLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HHUVFKLHQXQGGHU.RQVXOLQK|IOLFKVW
DQKHLPJDE GHU MXQJHQ 7RFKWHU HLQH HUQVWOLFKH (UPDKQXQJ ]XWHLO
ZHUGHQ ]X ODVVHQ  GHQQ GLHVHOEH KDEH VLFK WURW] YLHOHU OLHEHYROOHU
9HUZDUQXQJHQ DXI GHU 6WUD‰H DXIV QHXH RIIHQNXQGLJHQ 8QIXJV
VFKXOGLJJHPDFKW
(V ZDU NHLQ 6FKDGH GD‰ 7RQ\ DXI LKUHQ *lQJHQ GXUFK GLH 6WDGW
DOOH:HOWNDQQWHXQGPLWDOOHU:HOWSODXGHUWHGHU.RQVXO]XPDOZDU
KLHUPLWHLQYHUVWDQGHQZHLOHVNHLQHQ+RFKPXWVRQGHUQ*HPHLQVLQQ
XQG1lFKVWHQOLHEHYHUULHW6LHNOHWWHUWHJHPHLQVDPPLW7KRPDVLQ
GHQ 6SHLFKHUQ DQ GHU 7UDYH ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ 0HQJHQ YRQ +DIHU XQG
:HL]HQXPKHUGLHDXIGHQ%|GHQDXVJHEUHLWHWZDUHQVLHVFKZDW]WH
PLW GHQ $UEHLWHUQ XQG GHQ 6FKUHLEHUQ GLH GRUW LQ GHQ NOHLQHQ
GXQNOHQ&RPSWRLUV]XHEHQHU(UGHVD‰HQMDVLHKDOIVRJDUGUDX‰HQ
EHLP$XIZLQGHQGHU6lFNH6LHNDQQWHGLH6FKODFKWHUGLHPLWLKUHQ
ZHL‰HQ6FKU]HQXQG0XOGHQGXUFKGLH%UHLWH6WUD‰HZDQGHUWHQVLH
NDQQWH GLH 0LOFKIUDXHQ GLH PLW LKUHQ %OHFKNDQQHQ YRP /DQGH
KHUHLQNDPHQ XQG OLH‰ VLFK PDQFKPDO HLQ 6WFN YRQ LKQHQ
NXWVFKLHUHQ VLH NDQQWH GLH JUDXElUWLJHQ 0HLVWHU LQ GHQ NOHLQHQ
K|O]HUQHQ*ROGVFKPLHGEXGHQGLHLQGLH0DUNWDUNDGHQKLQHLQJHEDXW
ZDUHQ GLH )LVFK 2EVW XQG *HPVHIUDXHQ DXI GHP 0DUNWH VRZLH
GLH 'LHQVWPlQQHU GLH DQ GHQ 6WUD‰HQHFNHQ LKUHQ 7DEDN NDXWHQ«
*XWXQGVFK|Q
$EHU HLQ EOHLFKHU EDUWORVHU 0HQVFK GHVVHQ $OWHU QLFKW ]X
EHVWLPPHQLVWXQGGHUPRUJHQVPLWHLQHPWUDXULJHQ/lFKHOQLQGHU
%UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H ]X OXVWZDQGHOQ SIOHJW NDQQ QLFKWV GDIU ZHQQ HU
JH]ZXQJHQLVWEHLMHGHPSO|W]OLFKHQ/DXWGHQPDQDXVVW|‰W]XP


%HLVSLHO ª+D© RGHU ª+R©  DXI HLQHP %HLQH ]X WDQ]HQ XQG
GHQQRFKOLH‰7RQ\LKQWDQ]HQVREDOGVLHLKQ]X*HVLFKWHEHNDP
(V LVW IHUQHU QLFKW VFK|Q HLQH JDQ] ZLQ]LJH NOHLQH )UDX PLW
JUR‰HP .RSIH ZHOFKH GLH *HZRKQKHLW KDW EHL MHGHU :LWWHUXQJ
HLQHQ XQJHKHXUHQ GXUFKO|FKHUWHQ 6FKLUP EHU VLFK DXIJHVSDQQW ]X
KDOWHQ EHVWlQGLJ GXUFK 5XIH ZLH ª6FKLUPPDGDPH© RGHU
ª&KDPSLJQRQ©]XEHWUEHQXQGHVLVWWDGHOQVZHUWZHQQPDQPLW
]ZHLRGHUGUHL JOHLFKJHVLQQWHQ )UHXQGLQQHQ YRU GHP +lXVFKHQ GHU
DOWHQ 3XSSHQOLHVH HUVFKHLQW GLH LQ HLQHU HQJHQ 7ZLHWH EHL GHU
-RKDQQLVVWUD‰H PLW ZROOHQHQ 3XSSHQ KDQGHOW XQG DOOHUGLQJV JDQ]
PHUNZUGLJ URWH $XJHQ KDW  GRUW DXV /HLEHVNUlIWHQ GLH *ORFNH
]LHKWXQGZHQQ GLH $OWHKHUDXVNRPPW PLW IDOVFKHU )UHXQGOLFKNHLW
IUDJW RE KLHU YLHOOHLFKW +HUU XQG 0DGDPH 6SXFNQDSI ZRKQHQ
ZRUDXIPDQPLWJUR‰HP*HNUHLVFKGDYRQUHQQW«
'DVDOOHVDEHUWDW7RQ\%XGGHQEURRNXQG]ZDUZLHHVVFKLHQPLW
Y|OOLJ JXWHP *HZLVVHQ 'HQQ ZXUGH LKU YRQ VHLWHQ LUJHQGHLQHV
*HTXlOWHQHLQH'URKXQJ]XWHLOVRPX‰WHPDQVHKHQ ZLHVLH HLQHQ
6FKULWW ]XUFNWUDW GHQ KEVFKHQ .RSI PLW GHU YRUVWHKHQGHQ
2EHUOLSSH]XUFNZDUIXQGHLQKDOEHQWUVWHWHVKDOEPRNDQWHVª3D©
KHUYRUVWLH‰DOVZROOWH VLHVDJHQ¾:DJH HV QXU PLU HWZDV DQKDEHQ
]X ZROOHQ ,FK ELQ .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRNV 7RFKWHU ZHQQ GX HV
YLHOOHLFKWQLFKWZHL‰W«½
6LHJLQJLQGHU6WDGWZLHHLQHNOHLQH.|QLJLQXPKHUGLHVLFKGDV
JXWH 5HFKW YRUEHKlOW IUHXQGOLFK RGHU JUDXVDP ]X VHLQ MH QDFK
*HVFKPDFNXQG/DXQH

'ULWWHV.DSLWHO

-HDQ -DFTXHV +RIIVWHGH KDWWH ZDV GLH EHLGHQ 6|KQH GHV .RQVXOV
%XGGHQEURRNDQJLQJVLFKHUOLFKHLQWUHIIHQGHV8UWHLOJHIlOOW
7KRPDV GHU VHLW VHLQHU *HEXUW EHUHLWV ]XP .DXIPDQQ XQG
NQIWLJHQ ,QKDEHU GHU )LUPD EHVWLPPW ZDU XQG GLH
UHDOZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKH$EWHLOXQJGHU$OWHQ6FKXOHPLWGHQJRWLVFKHQ


*HZ|OEHQ EHVXFKWH ZDU HLQ NOXJHU UHJVDPHU XQG YHUVWlQGLJHU
0HQVFK GHU VLFK EULJHQV DXIV N|VWOLFKVWH DPVLHUWH ZHQQ
&KULVWLDQ ZHOFKHU *\PQDVLDVW ZDU XQG QLFKW ZHQLJHU %HJDEXQJ
DEHU ZHQLJHU (UQVWKDIWLJNHLW ]HLJWH PLW XQJHKHXUHP *HVFKLFN GLH
/HKUHU QDFKDKPWH  LP EHVRQGHUHQ GHQ WFKWLJHQ +HUUQ 0DUFHOOXV
6WHQJHO GHU LP 6LQJHQ =HLFKQHQ XQG GHUDUWLJHQ OXVWLJHQ )lFKHUQ
GHQ8QWHUULFKWHUWHLOWH
+HUU 6WHQJHO DXV GHVVHQ :HVWHQWDVFKHQ VWHWV HLQ KDOEHV 'XW]HQG
ZXQGHUYROO JHVSLW]WHU %OHLVWLIWH KHUYRUVWDUUWHQ WUXJ HLQH IXFKVURWH
3HUFNHXQGHLQHQRIIHQHQKHOOEUDXQHQ5RFNGHULKPIDVWELVDQGLH
.Q|FKHOUHLFKWHEHVD‰9DWHUP|UGHUGLHVRJDUQRFKVHLQH 6FKOlIHQ
EHGHFNWHQ XQG ZDU HLQ ZLW]LJHU .RSI GHU SKLORVRSKLVFKH
8QWHUVFKHLGXQJHQ OLHEWH ZLH HWZD ª'X VROOVW ¶QH /LQLH PDFKHQ
PHLQJXWHV.LQGXQGZDVPDFKVWGX"'XPDFKVW¶QHQ6WULFK©(U
VDJWHª/LQH©VWDWWª/LQLH©
2GHU]XHLQHP)DXOHQª'XVLW]HVWLQ4XDUWDQLFKW-DKUHZLOOLFK
GLUVDJHQVRQGHUQ-DKUHQ©:REHLHUª4XlWD©VWDWWª4XDUWD©VDJWH
XQG QLFKW ª-DKUH© VRQGHUQ EHLQDKH ª6FKDKUH© DXVVSUDFK« 6HLQ
/LHEOLQJVXQWHUULFKW EHVWDQG GDULQ LQ GHU *HVDQJVWXQGH GDV VFK|QH
/LHG¾'HUJUQH:DOG½EHQ]XODVVHQZREHLHLQLJH6FKOHUDXIGHQ
.RUULGRU KLQDXVJHKHQ PX‰WHQ XP ZHQQ GHU &KRUXV DQJHVWLPPW
KDWWHª:LU]LHKHQVRIU|KOLFK GXUFK )HOG XQG :DOG«© JDQ] OHLVH
XQGYRUVLFKWLJGDVOHW]WH:RUWDOV(FKR]XZLHGHUKROHQ
:DUHQ MHGRFK &KULVWLDQ %XGGHQEURRN VHLQ 9HWWHU -UJHQ .U|JHU
RGHUVHLQ)UHXQG$QGUHDV*LHVHNH6RKQGHV%UDQGGLUHNWRUVKLHUPLW
EHDPWHW VR ZDUIHQ VLH VWDWW GDV ]DUWH (FKR ]X YROOIKUHQ GHQ
.RKOHQNDVWHQGLH7UHSSHKLQXQWHUXQGPX‰WHQQDFKPLWWDJVXPYLHU
8KU LQ GHU :RKQXQJ GHV +HUUQ 6WHQJHO QDFKVLW]HQ +LHU JLQJ HV
]LHPOLFKEHKDJOLFK]X+HUU6WHQJHOKDWWHDOOHVYHUJHVVHQXQGEHIDKO
VHLQHU +DXVKlOWHULQ GHQ 6FKOHUQ %XGGHQEURRN .U|JHU XQG
*LHVHNH ªMH© HLQH 7DVVH .DIIHH ]X YHUDEUHLFKHQ ZRUDXI HU GLH
MXQJHQ+HUUHQZLHGHUHQWOLH‰«
,QGHU7DWGLHYRUWUHIIOLFKHQ*HOHKUWHQGLHXQWHUGHUIUHXQGOLFKHQ
+HUUVFKDIWHLQHVKXPDQHQWDEDNVFKQXSIHQGHQDOWHQ'LUHNWRUVLQGHQ
*HZ|OEHQGHU$OWHQ6FKXOHHLQHUHKHPDOLJHQ.ORVWHUVFKXOHLKUHV
$PWHVZDOWHWHQZDUHQKDUPORVHXQG JXWPWLJH /HXWH HLQLJ LQGHU
$QVLFKW GD‰ :LVVHQVFKDIW XQG +HLWHUNHLW HLQDQGHU QLFKW


DXVVFKORVVHQXQGEHVWUHEWPLW:RKOZROOHQXQG%HKDJHQ]X:HUNH
]XJHKHQ
(VZDUGDLQGHQPLWWOHUHQ.ODVVHQHLQHKHPDOLJHU3UHGLJHUGHULP
/DWHLQLVFKHQXQWHUULFKWHWHHLQJHZLVVHU3DVWRU+LUWHHLQODQJHU+HUU
PLWEUDXQHP%DFNHQEDUWXQGPXQWHUHQ$XJHQGHVVHQ/HEHQVJOFN
JHUDGH]X LQ GLHVHU hEHUHLQVWLPPXQJ VHLQHV 1DPHQV PLW VHLQHP
7LWHO EHVWDQG XQG GHU QLFKW RIW JHQXJ GLH 9RNDEHO SDVWRU VLFK
EHUVHW]HQ ODVVHQ NRQQWH 6HLQH /LHEOLQJVUHGHQVDUW ODXWHWH
ªJUHQ]HQORVERUQLHUW©XQGHVLVWQLHPDOVDXIJHNOlUWZRUGHQREGLHV
HLQEHZX‰WHU6FKHU]ZDU%HDEVLFKWLJWHHUDEHUVHLQH6FKOHUY|OOLJ
]XYHUEOIIHQVRJHERWHUEHUGLH.XQVWGLH/LSSHQLQGHQ0XQG
]XNOHPPHQXQGVLHZLHGHUKLQDXV]XVFKQHOOHQLQHLQHU$UWGD‰HV
NQDOOWH ZLH HLQ VSULQJHQGHU &KDPSDJQHUSIURSIHQ (U OLHEWH HV PLW
ODQJHQ 6FKULWWHQ LP .ODVVHQ]LPPHU XPKHU]XJHKHQ XQG HLQ]HOQHQ
6FKOHUQPLWXQJHKHXUHU/HEKDIWLJNHLWLKUJDQ]HV]XNQIWLJHV/HEHQ
]X HU]lKOHQ XQG ]ZDU ]X GHP DXVJHVSURFKHQHQ =ZHFNH LKUH
3KDQWDVLH HLQ EL‰FKHQ DQ]XUHJHQ 'DQQ DEHU JLQJ HU HUQVWOLFK ]XU
$UEHLW EHU GDV KHL‰W HU EHUK|UWH GLH 9HUVH GLH HU EHU JHQXV
5HJHOQ  HU VDJWH ª*HQX‰UHJHOQ©  XQG DOOHUKDQG VFKZLHULJH
.RQVWUXNWLRQHQPLWZLUNOLFKHP*HVFKLFNJHGLFKWHWKDWWH9HUVHGLH
3DVWRU +LUWH PLW XQDXVVSUHFKOLFK WULXPSKLHUHQGHU %HWRQXQJ GHV
5K\WKPXVXQGGHU5HLPHKHUYRUEUDFKWH«
7RPVXQG&KULVWLDQV-XJHQG]HLW«HVLVWQLFKWV%HGHXWHQGHVGDYRQ
]X PHOGHQ ,Q MHQHQ 7DJHQ KHUUVFKWH 6RQQHQVFKHLQ LP +DXVH
%XGGHQEURRNZRLQGHQ&RPSWRLUVGLH*HVFKlIWHVRDXVJH]HLFKQHW
JLQJHQ8QGPDQFKPDOJDEHVHLQ*HZLWWHUHLQNOHLQHV8QJOFNZLH
GLHVHV
+HUU 6WXKW LQ GHU *ORFNHQJLH‰HUVWUD‰H HLQ 6FKQHLGHUPHLVWHU
GHVVHQ *DWWLQ DOWH.OHLGXQJVVWFNH NDXIWHXQG GDUXP LQ GHQ HUVWHQ
.UHLVHQ YHUNHKUWH +HUU 6WXKW GHVVHQ %DXFK YRQ HLQHP ZROOHQHQ
+HPG EHNOHLGHW ZDU XQG LQ HUVWDXQOLFKHU 5XQGXQJ EHU GDV
%HLQNOHLG KLQXQWHUILHO« +HUU 6WXKW KDWWH GHQ MXQJHQ +HUUHQ
%XGGHQEURRN ]ZHL $Q]JH JHIHUWLJW GLH ]XVDPPHQ VLHEHQ]LJ
.XUDQWPDUNNRVWHWHQDOOHLQDXIGHQ:XQVFKGHUEHLGHQKDWWHHUVLFK
EHUHLW ILQGHQ ODVVHQ VFKODQNHUKDQG DFKW]LJ DXI GLH 5HFKQXQJ ]X
VHW]HQ XQG LKQHQ EDU GHQ 5HVW HLQ]XKlQGLJHQ 'DV ZDU HLQ NOHLQHV


*HVFKlIW« NHLQ JDQ] VlXEHUOLFKHV ZRKO DEHU GXUFKDXV NHLQ
XQJHZ|KQOLFKHV
'DV8QJOFNDEHUEHVWDQGGDULQGD‰GXUFKGDV:DOWHQLUJHQGHLQHV
ILQVWHUHQ 6FKLFNVDOHV GDV *DQ]H DQ GHQ 7DJ NDP GD‰ +HUU 6WXKW
HLQHQ VFKZDU]HQ 5RFN EHU GHP ZROOHQHQ +HPG LP 3ULYDWNRQWRU
GHV .RQVXOV HUVFKHLQHQ PX‰WH XQG 7RP XQG &KULVWLDQ LQ VHLQHU
*HJHQZDUW HLQHP VWUHQJHQ 9HUK|U XQWHU]RJHQ ZXUGHQ +HUU 6WXKW
GHU EUHLWEHLQLJ DEHU PLW VHLWZlUWV JHQHLJWHP .RSI XQG LQ
DFKWXQJVYROOHU +DOWXQJ QHEHQ GHP $UPVHVVHO GHV .RQVXOV VWDQG
KLHOW HLQH ZRKOW|QHQGH 5HGH GHV ,QKDOWHV GD‰ ªGDW QX VR¶Q 6DDN©
VHL XQG GD‰ HU IURK VHLQ ZHUGH GLH VLHEHQ]LJ .XUDQWPDUN
ZLHGHU]XEHNRPPHQªLQGHPGH6DDNMDQXPDOVFKHHSJDQJHQ©VHL
'HU.RQVXOZDUKHIWLJDXIJHEUDFKWEHUGLHVHQ6WUHLFK1DFKHUQVWHU
hEHUOHJXQJ DEHU DXI VHLQHU 6HLWH ZDU GDV (UJHEQLV GD‰ HU GDV
7DVFKHQJHOGVHLQHU6|KQHHUK|KWHGHQQHVKLH‰)KUHXQVQLFKWLQ
9HUVXFKXQJ
$XJHQVFKHLQOLFK ZDUHQ DXI 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN JU|‰HUH
+RIIQXQJHQ ]X VHW]HQ DOV DXI VHLQHQ %UXGHU 6HLQ %HQHKPHQ ZDU
JOHLFKPl‰LJ XQG YRQ YHUVWlQGLJHU 0XQWHUNHLW &KULVWLDQ GDJHJHQ
HUVFKLHQ ODXQHQKDIW QHLJWH HLQHUVHLWV ]X HLQHU DOEHUQHQ .RPLN XQG
NRQQWHDQGHUHUVHLWVGLHJHVDPWH)DPLOLHDXIGLHVRQGHUEDUVWH:HLVH
HUVFKUHFNHQ«
0DQ VLW]W EHL 7LVFKH PDQ LVW EHLP 2EVWH DQJHODQJW XQG VSHLVW
XQWHUEHKDJOLFKHQ*HVSUlFKHQ3O|W]OLFKMHGRFKOHJW&KULVWLDQHLQHQ
DQJHELVVHQHQ3ILUVLFKDXIGHQ7HOOHU]XUFNVHLQ*HVLFKWLVWEOHLFK
XQG VHLQH UXQGHQ WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ EHU GHU DOO]X JUR‰HQ 1DVH
KDEHQVLFKHUZHLWHUWª,FKHVVHQLHZLHGHUHLQHQ3ILUVLFK©VDJWHU
ª:DUXPQLFKW&KULVWLDQ«:DVIUHLQ8QVLQQ«:DVLVWGLU"©
ª'HQNW HXFK ZHQQ LFK DXV 9HUVHKHQ« GLHVHQ JUR‰HQ .HUQ
YHUVFKOXFNWHXQGZHQQHUPLULP+DOVHVWHFNWH«XQGLFKQLFKW/XIW
EHNRPPHQN|QQWH«XQGLFKVSUlQJHDXIXQGZUJWHJUl‰OLFKXQG
LKU DOOH VSUlQJHW DXFK DXI«© 8QG SO|W]OLFK IJW HU HLQ NXU]HV
VW|KQHQGHV ª2K© KLQ]X GDV YROO LVW YRQ (QWVHW]HQ ULFKWHW VLFK
XQUXKLJ DXI VHLQHP 6WXKOH HUQSRU XQG ZHQGHW VLFK VHLWZlUWV DOV
ZROOWHHUIOLHKHQ


'LH .RQVXOLQ XQG 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ VSULQJHQ WDWVlFKOLFK DXI
ª*RWWLP+LPPHO&KULVWLDQGXKDVWLKQGRFKQLFKWYHUVFKOXFNW"©
'HQQ HV KDW YROONRPPHQ GHQ $QVFKHLQ DOV VHL HV ZLUNOLFK
JHVFKHKHQ
ª1HLQ QHLQ© VDJW &KULVWLDQ XQG EHUXKLJW VLFK DOOPlKOLFK ªDEHU
ZHQQLFKLKQYHUVFKOXFNWH©
'HU.RQVXOGHUJOHLFKIDOOVEOD‰YRU6FKUHFNHQLVWEHJLQQWQXQ]X
VFKHOWHQXQGDXFKGHU*UR‰YDWHUSRFKWLQGLJQLHUWDXIGHQ7LVFKXQG
YHUELWWHW VLFK GLH 1DUUHQSRVVHQ« $OOHLQ &KULVWLDQ L‰W ZLUNOLFK
OlQJHUH=HLWNHLQHQ3ILUVLFKPHKU

9LHUWHV.DSLWHO

(V ZDU QLFKW EOR‰ $OWHUVVFKZlFKH ZDV GLH DOWH 0DGDPH


$QWRLQHWWH%XGGHQEURRNVHFKV-DKUHXQJHIlKUQDFKGHPGLH)DPLOLH
GDV +DXV LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H EH]RJHQ DQ HLQHP NDOWHQ -DQXDUWDJ
HQGJOWLJ DXI LKU KRKHV +LPPHOEHWW LP 6FKODI]LPPHU GHV
=ZLVFKHQJHVFKRVVHV GDQLHGHUZDUI 'LH DOWH 'DPH ZDU UVWLJ
JHZHVHQ ELV ]XOHW]W XQG KDWWH LKUH GLFNHQ ZHL‰HQ 6HLWHQORFNHQ PLW
DXIUHFKWHU :UGH JHWUDJHQ VLH KDWWH ]XVDPPHQ PLW LKUHP *DWWHQ
XQG LKUHQ.LQGHUQ GLH KDXSWVlFKOLFKVWHQ 'LQHUV EHVXFKW GLH LQ GHU
6WDGW JHJHEHQ ZXUGHQ XQG EHL GHQ *HVHOOVFKDIWHQ GLH
%XGGHQEURRNV VHOEVW YHUDQVWDOWHWHQ LKUHU HOHJDQWHQ
6FKZLHJHUWRFKWHU LP 5HSUlVHQWLHUHQ QLFKW QDFKJHVWDQGHQ (LQHV
7DJHV DEHU JDQ] SO|W]OLFK KDWWH VLFK HLQ KDOE XQEHVWLPPEDUHV
/HLGHQHLQJHVWHOOWHLQOHLFKWHU'DUPNDWDUUKDQIDQJVQXUJHJHQGHQ
'RNWRU*UDERZHLQZHQLJ7DXEHXQG)UDQ]EURWYHURUGQHWKDWWHHLQH
PLW (UEUHFKHQ YHUEXQGHQH .ROLN GLH PLW XQEHJUHLIOLFKHU
6FKQHOOLJNHLW(QWNUlIWXQJKHUEHLIKUWHHLQHQVDQIWHQXQGKLQIlOOLJHQ
=XVWDQGGHUEHlQJVWLJHQGZDU
$OV GDQQ 'RNWRU *UDERZ PLW GHP .RQVXO HLQH NXU]H HUQVWH
8QWHUUHGXQJ GUDX‰HQ DXI GHU 7UHSSH JHKDEW KDWWH DOV HLQ ]ZHLWHU
QHX KLQ]XJH]RJHQHU $U]W HLQ XQWHUVHW]WHU VFKZDU]ElUWLJHU GVWHU
EOLFNHQGHU 0DQQ QHEHQ *UDERZ DXV XQG HLQ ]X JHKHQ EHJDQQ GD


lQGHUWHVLFKJOHLFKVDPGLH3K\VLRJQRPLHGHV+DXVHV0DQJLQJDXI
GHQ=HKHQXPKHUPDQIOVWHUWHHUQVWXQGGLH:DJHQGXUIWHQQLFKW
EHU GLH 'LHOH UROOHQ (WZDV 1HXHV )UHPGHV $X‰HURUGHQWOLFKHV
VFKLHQ HLQJHNHKUW HLQ *HKHLPQLV GDV HLQHU LQ GHV DQGHUHQ $XJHQ
ODV GHU *HGDQNH DQ GHQ 7RG KDWWH VLFK (LQOD‰ JHVFKDIIW XQG
KHUUVFKWHVWXPPLQGHQZHLWHQ5lXPHQ
'DEHL GXUIWH QLFKW JHIHLHUW ZHUGHQ GHQQ HV NDP %HVXFK 'LH
.UDQNKHLW ZlKUWH YLHU]HKQ RGHU IQI]HKQ 7DJH XQG QDFK HLQHU
:RFKHNDPGHUDOWH6HQDWRU'XFKDPSVHLQ%UXGHUGHU6WHUEHQGHQ
QHEVWVHLQHU7RFKWHUYRQ+DPEXUJDQZlKUHQGHLQSDDU7DJHVSlWHU
GHV .RQVXOV 6FKZHVWHU PLW LKUHP *DWWHQ GHP %DQNLHU DXV
)UDQNIXUW HLQWUDI 'LH +HUUVFKDIWHQ ZRKQWHQ LP +DXVH XQG ,GD
-XQJPDQQ KDWWH DOOH +lQGH YROO ]X WXQ IU GLH YHUVFKLHGHQHQ
6FKODI]LPPHU ]X VRUJHQ XQG JXWH )UKVWFNH PLW .UDEEHQ XQG
3RUWZHLQ EHUHLW]XKDOWHQ ZlKUHQG LQ GHU .FKH JHEUDWHQ XQG
JHEDFNHQZDUG«
'UREHQVD‰-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNDP.UDQNHQEHWWHXQGEOLFNWHGLH
PDWWH+DQGVHLQHUDOWHQ1HWWH LQGHUVHLQHQ PLWHUKREHQHQ %UDXHQ
XQG HLQ ZHQLJ KlQJHQGHU 8QWHUOLSSH VWXPP YRU VLFK KLQ 'LH
:DQGXKU WLFNWH GXPSI XQG PLW ODQJHQ 3DXVHQ YLHO VHOWHQHU DEHU
QRFK DWPHWH GLH .UDQNH HLQPDO NXU] XQG REHUIOlFKOLFK DXI« (LQH
VFKZDU]H 6FKZHVWHU PDFKWH VLFK DP 7LVFK PLW GHP %HHIWHD ]X
VFKDIIHQ GHQ PDQ YHUVXFKVZHLVH QRFK UHLFKHQ ZROOWH GDQQ XQG
ZDQQ WUDW JHUlXVFKORV HLQ )DPLOLHQPLWJOLHG HLQ XQG YHUVFKZDQG
ZLHGHU
'HU$OWHPRFKWHVLFKHULQQHUQZLHHUYRUVHFKVXQGYLHU]LJ-DKUHQ
]XPHUVWHQ0DOHDP6WHUEHEHWWHHLQHU*DWWLQJHVHVVHQKDWWHXQGHU
PRFKWHGHUZLOGHQ9HU]ZHLIOXQJGLHGDPDOVLQLKPDXIEHJHKUWZDU
GLHQDFKGHQNOLFKH:HKPXWYHUJOHLFKHQPLWGHUHUQXQVHOEVWVRDOW
LQGDVYHUlQGHUWHDXVGUXFNVORVXQGHQWVHW]OLFKJOHLFKJOWLJH*HVLFKW
GHU DOWHQ )UDX EOLFNWH GLH LKP QLHPDOV HLQ JUR‰HV *OFN QLHPDOV
HLQHQJUR‰HQ6FKPHU]EHUHLWHWGLHDEHUYLHOHODQJH-DKUHPLWNOXJHP
$QVWDQGEHLLKPDXVJHKDOWHQXQGQXQHEHQIDOOVODQJVDPGDYRQJLQJ
(U GDFKWHQLFKW YLHO HU VDK QXU XQYHUZDQGW XQG PLWHLQHP OHLVHQ
.RSIVFKWWHOQDXIVHLQ/HEHQXQGGDV/HEHQLPDOOJHPHLQHQ]XUFN
GDVLKPSO|W]OLFKVRIHUQXQGZXQGHUOLFKHUVFKLHQGLHVHVEHUIOVVLJ
JHUlXVFKYROOH *HWPPHO LQ GHVVHQ 0LWWH HU JHVWDQGHQ GDV VLFK


XQPHUNOLFK YRQ LKP ]XUFNJH]RJHQ KDWWH XQG QXQ YRU VHLQHP
YHUZXQGHUW DXIKRUFKHQGHQ 2KU LQ GHU )HUQH YHUKDOOWH« 0DQFKPDO
VDJWHHUPLWKDOEHU6WLPPHYRUVLFKKLQ
ª.XULRV.XULRV©
8QG DOV GDQQ 0DGDPH %XGGHQEURRN LKUHQ OHW]WHQ JDQ] NXU]HQ
XQG NDPSIORVHQ 6HXI]HU JHWDQ KDWWH DOV LP (‰VDDO ZRVHOEVW GLH
(LQVHJQXQJ VWDWWIDQG GLH 7UlJHU GHQ EOXPHQEHGHFNWHQ 6DUJ
DXIJHKREHQ KDWWHQ XP LKQ VFKZHUIlOOLJ GDYRQ]XVFKDIIHQ  GD
lQGHUWHVLFKVHLQH 6WLPPXQJ QLFKW GD ZHLQWH HU QLFKWHLQPDO DEHU
GLHV OHLVH HUVWDXQWH .RSIVFKWWHOQ EOLHE LKP XQG GLHV EHLQDKH
OlFKHOQGHª.XULRV©ZXUGHVHLQ/LHEOLQJVZRUW«.HLQ=ZHLIHOGD‰
HVDXFKPLW-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRN]X(QGHJLQJ
(UILQJDQVWXPPXQGDEZHVHQGLP)DPLOLHQNUHLVH]XVLW]HQXQG
ZHQQHUHLQPDOGLHNOHLQH&ODUDDXIGLH.QLHJHQRPPHQKDWWHXP
LKU YLHOOHLFKW HLQHV VHLQHU DOWHQ GUROOLJHQ /LHGHU YRU]XVLQJHQ ]XP
%HLVSLHO
'HU2PQLEXVIlKUWGXUFKGLH6WDGW«RGHU
.LHNGRDVLWW¶Q%UXPPHUDQGH:DQG«
VR NRQQWH HU SO|W]OLFK VWLOOVFKZHLJHQ XP GDQQ GLH (QNHOLQ
JOHLFKVDP DXV HLQHP ODQJHQ KDOE XQEHZX‰WHQ *HGDQNHQJDQJH
KHUDXV PLW HLQHP NRSIVFKWWHOQGHQ ª.XULRV© ]X %RGHQ ]X VHW]HQ
XQGVLFKDE]XZHQGHQ(LQHV7DJHVVDJWHHUª-HDQDVVH]GX"©
8QGDOVEDOGEHJDQQHQLQGHU6WDGWGLHUHLQOLFKJHGUXFNWHQXQGPLW
]ZHL8QWHUVFKULIWHQYHUVHKHQHQ)RUPXODUH]X]LUNXOLHUHQDXIGHQHQ
-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN VHQLRU VLFK NXQG]XWXQ HUODXEWH GD‰ VHLQ
]XQHKPHQGHV $OWHU LKQ YHUDQODVVH VHLQH ELVKHULJH NDXIPlQQLVFKH
:LUNVDPNHLW DXI]XJHEHQ XQG GD‰ HULQIROJHGHVVHQGLH YRQ VHLQHP
VHOLJHQ 9DWHU $QQR  JHJUQGHWH +DQGOXQJ ¾-RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRN½ PLW $FWLYLV XQG 3DVVLYLV XQWHU JOHLFKHU )LUPD YRQ
KHXWH DQ VHLQHP 6RKQH XQG VHLWKHULJHQ $VVRFLH -RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRN DOV DOOHLQLJHP ,QKDEHU EHUWUDJH PLW GHU %LWWH GDV
LKPVRYLHOVHLWLJJHVFKHQNWH9HUWUDXHQVHLQHP6RKQH]XHUKDOWHQ«
+RFKDFKWXQJVYROO -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN VHQLRU ZHOFKHU DXIK|UHQ
ZLUG]X]HLFKQHQ
$OV DEHU GLHVH .XQGJHEXQJ HUIROJW ZDU DOV GHU $OWH IRUWDQ VLFK
ZHLJHUWH QRFK HLQHQ )X‰ LQV .RQWRU ]X VHW]HQ GD QDKP VHLQH


QDFKGHQNOLFKH $SDWKLH LQ HUVFKUHFNHQGHU :HLVH ]X GD JHQJWH
0LWWH 0lU] HLQ SDDU 0RQDWH QXU QDFK GHP 7RGH VHLQHU )UDX
LUJHQGHLQNOHLQHU)UKOLQJVVFKQXSIHQXPLKQEHWWOlJHULJ]XPDFKHQ
XQGGDQQLQHLQHU1DFKWNDPGLH6WXQGHZRGLH)DPLOLHDXFKVHLQ
%HWW XPVWDQG ZR HU ]XP .RQVXO VDJWH ª$OOHV *OFN  GX" -HDQ"
8QGLPPHUFRXUDJH©
8QG]X7KRPDVª+LOIGHLQHP9DWHU©
8QG]X&KULVWLDQª:HUGHZDV2UGHQWOLFKHV©ZRUDXIHUVFKZLHJ
DOOHDQEOLFNWHXQGVLFKPLWHLQHPOHW]WHQª.XULRV©QDFKGHU:DQG
NHKUWH«
(UKDWWH*RWWKROGVELV]XP6FKOX‰QLFKW(UZlKQXQJJHWDQXQGDXI
GLH VFKULIWOLFKH $XIIRUGHUXQJ GHV .RQVXOV DP 6WHUEHEHWWH GHV
9DWHUV ]X HUVFKHLQHQ KDWWH GHU lOWHVWH 6RKQ PLW 6FKZHLJHQ
JHDQWZRUWHW $P QlFKVWHQ 0RUJHQ MHGRFK JDQ] IUK DOV GLH
7RGHVDQ]HLJHQ QRFK QLFKW YHUVDQGW ZDUHQ XQG GHU .RQVXO DXI GLH
7UHSSH KLQDXVWUDW XP LP .RQWRU GDV 1RWZHQGLJVWH ]X HUOHGLJHQ
JHVFKDKGDV0HUNZUGLJHGD‰*RWWKROG%XGGHQEURRN ,QKDEHUGHU
/HLQHQKDQGOXQJ ¾6LHJPXQG 6WZLQJ  &RPS½ LQ GHU %UHLWHQ
6WUD‰HUDVFKHQ6FKULWWHVEHUGLH'LHOHNDP6HFKVXQGYLHU]LJMlKULJ
NOHLQ XQG EHOHLEW EHVD‰ HU VWDUNH DVFKEORQGH PLW ZHL‰HQ )lGHQ
GXUFKVHW]WH .RWHOHWWHQ (U ZDU NXU]EHLQLJ XQG WUXJ VDFNDUWLJ ZHLWH
+RVHQDXVUDXKHPNDULHUWHP6WRII'LH7UHSSHKLQDXIVFKULWWHUGHP
.RQVXOHQWJHJHQLQGHPHUGLH%UDXHQKRFKXQWHUGLH.UHPSHVHLQHV
JUDXHQ+XWHVHUKREXQGVLHGHQQRFK]XVDPPHQ]RJ
ª-RKDQQ© VDJWH HU RKQH GHP %UXGHU GLH +DQG ]X UHLFKHQ PLW
KRKHUDQJHQHKPHU6WLPPHªZLHVWHKWHV"©
ª+HXWHQDFKWLVWHUKHLPJHJDQJHQ©VDJWHGHU.RQVXOEHZHJWXQG
HUJULIIGLH+DQGGHV%UXGHUVGLHHLQHQ5HJHQVFKLUPKLHOWª(UGHU
EHVWH9DWHU©
*RWWKROGVHQNWHGLH%UDXHQVRWLHIGD‰VHLQH/LGHUVLFKVFKORVVHQ
1DFK HLQHP 6FKZHLJHQ VDJWH HU QDFKGUFNOLFK ª(V LVW QLFKWV
JHlQGHUWZRUGHQELV]XP6FKOXVVH-RKDQQ"©
8QGVRIRUWOLH‰GHU.RQVXOVHLQH+DQGIDKUHQMDHUWUDWVRJDUHLQH
6WXIH ]XUFN XQG ZlKUHQG VHLQH UXQGHQ WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ NODU
ZXUGHQVDJWHHUª1LFKWV©


*RWWKROGV %UDXHQ ZDQGHUWHQ ZLHGHU XQWHU GLH +XWNUHPSH KLQDXI
XQG VHLQH $XJHQ ULFKWHWHQ VLFK PLW $QVWUHQJXQJ DXI GHQ %UXGHU
ª8QGZDVKDEHLFKYRQGHLQHU*HUHFKWLJNHLW]XJHZlUWLJHQ"©VDJWH
HUPLWJHVHQNWHU6WLPPH
'HU.RQVXOVHLQHUVHLWVVHQNWHQXQGHQ%OLFNGDQQDEHURKQHLKQ
ZLHGHU]XHUKHEHQPDFKWHHUMHQHHQWVFKLHGHQH+DQGEHZHJXQJYRQ
REHQ QDFK XQWHQ XQG DQWZRUWHWH OHLVH XQG IHVW ª,FK KDEH GLU LQ
GLHVHP VFKZHUHQ XQG HUQVWHQ $XJHQEOLFN PHLQH +DQG DOV %UXGHU
JHUHLFKW ZDV DEHU JHVFKlIWOLFKH 'LQJH EHWULIIW VR NDQQ LFK GLU
LPPHUQXUDOV&KHIGHUHKUZUGLJHQ)LUPDJHJHQEHUVWHKHQGHUHQ
DOOHLQLJHU,QKDEHULFKKHXWHJHZRUGHQELQ'XNDQQVWQLFKWVYRQPLU
JHZlUWLJHQ ZDV GHQ 9HUSIOLFKWXQJHQ ZLGHUVSULFKW GLH PLU GLHVH
(LJHQVFKDIWDXIHUOHJWPHLQHVRQVWLJHQ*HIKOHPVVHQVFKZHLJHQ©
*RWWKROG JLQJ« =XP %HJUlEQLV MHGRFK DOV GLH 0HQJH GHU
9HUZDQGWHQ %HNDQQWHQ *HVFKlIWVIUHXQGH GHU 'HSXWDWLRQHQ
.RUQWUlJHU.RQWRULVWHQXQG6SHLFKHUDUEHLWHU=LPPHU7UHSSHQXQG
.RUULGRUHIOOWHXQGGLHVlPWOLFKHQ0LHWNXWVFKHQGHU6WDGWGLHJDQ]H
0HQJVWUD‰H KLQXQWHU VWDQGHQ  ]XP %HJUlEQLV NDP HU ]XU
DXIULFKWLJHQ)UHXGHGHV.RQVXOVDXIVQHXHMDHUEUDFKWHVRJDUVHLQH
*DWWLQ GLH JHERUHQH 6WZLQJ XQG VHLQH GUHL VFKRQ HUZDFKVHQHQ
7|FKWHUPLW)ULHGHULNHXQG+HQULHWWHGLHEHLGHVHKUODQJXQGKDJHU
ZDUHQ XQG 3ILIIL GLH DFKW]HKQMlKULJH -QJVWH GLH DOO]X NOHLQ XQG
EHOHLEWHUVFKLHQ
8QGDOVGDQQDP*UDEHDP%XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ(UEEHJUlEQLVGRUW
GUDX‰HQ YRUP %XUJWRUH DP 5DQGH GHV )ULHGKRIJHK|O]HV 3DVWRU
.|OOLQJYRQ6DQNW0DULHQHLQUREXVWHU0DQQPLWGLFNHP.RSIXQG
GHUEHU 5HGHZHLVH GDV PD‰YROOH JRWWJHIlOOLJH /HEHQ GHV
9HUVWRUEHQHQ JHSULHVHQ KDWWH LP *HJHQVDW]H ]X GHP GHU
ª:ROOVWLJHQ )UHVVHU XQG 6lXIHU©  GLHV ZDU VHLQ $XVGUXFN
REJOHLFK PDQFKH /HXWH GLH VLFK GHU 'LVNUHWLRQ GHV MQJVW
YHUVWRUEHQHQ DOWHQ :XQGHUOLFK HULQQHUWHQ GLH .|SIH VFKWWHOWHQ 
DOV GLH )HLHUOLFKNHLWHQ XQG )RUPDOLWlWHQ EHHQGHW ZDUHQ XQG GLH
VLHE]LJ RGHU DFKW]LJ 0LHWNXWVFKHQ LQ GLH 6WDGW ]XUFN]XUROOHQ
EHJDQQHQ« GD HUERW VLFK *RWWKROG %XGGHQEURRN GHQ .RQVXO ]X
EHJOHLWHQZHLOHULKQXQWHUYLHU$XJHQ]XVSUHFKHQZQVFKH
8QG VLHKH GD KLHU QHEHQ GHP 6WLHIEUXGHU DXI GHP 5FNVLW] GHU
KRKHQZHLWHQSOXPSHQ.XWVFKHHLQVVHLQHUNXU]HQ%HLQHEHUGDV


DQGHUHJHOHJW]HLJWHHUVLFKYHUV|KQOLFKXQGVDQIW(UHUNHQQHVDJWH
HU PHKU XQG PHKU GD‰ GHU .RQVXO KDQGHOQ PVVH ZLH HU HV WXH
XQG GDV $QGHQNHQ GHV 9DWHUV VROOH IU LKQ NHLQ E|VHV VHLQ (U
YHU]LFKWH DXI VHLQH $QVSUFKH XQG ]ZDU XP VR OLHEHU DOV HU
JHVRQQHQVHLVLFKYRQDOOHQ*HVFKlIWHQ]XUFN]X]LHKHQXQGVLFKPLW
VHLQHP(UEHXQGGHPZDVLKPVRQVWHUEULJH]XU5XKH]XVHW]HQ
GHQQ GDV /HLQHQJHVFKlIW PDFKH LKP ZHQLJ )UHXGH XQG JHKH VR
Pl‰LJ GD‰ HU VLFK QLFKW HQWVFKOLH‰HQ ZHUGH QRFK PHKU
KLQHLQ]XVWHFNHQ«¾'HU7URW]JHJHQGHQ9DWHUKDWLKPNHLQHQ6HJHQ
JHEUDFKW½GDFKWHGHU.RQVXOPLWHLQHPLQQHUHQIURPPHQ$XIEOLFN
XQG*RWWKROGGDFKWHZDKUVFKHLQOLFKGDVVHOEH
,Q GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H DEHU EHJOHLWHWH HU GHQ %UXGHU LQV
)UKVWFNV]LPPHU KLQDXI ZRVHOEVW GLH EHLGHQ +HUUHQ QDFK GHP
ODQJHQ6WHKHQLQGHU)UKOLQJVOXIWLQLKUHQ)UlFNHQIU|VWHOQGHLQHQ
DOWHQ.RJQDN PLWHLQDQGHUWUDQNHQ 8QG DOV GDQQ *RWWKROG HLQ SDDU
K|IOLFKH XQG HUQVWH :RUWH PLW VHLQHU 6FKZlJHULQ JHZHFKVHOW XQG
GHQ .LQGHUQ GLH .|SIH JHVWUHLFKHOW KDWWH JLQJ HU GDYRQ XP DP
QlFKVWHQ ¾.LQGHUWDJ½ EHL .U|JHUV GUDX‰HQ LP *DUWHQKDXVH ]X
HUVFKHLQHQ«(UEHJDQQVFKRQ]XOLTXLGLHUHQ

)QIWHV.DSLWHO

(LQHV VFKPHU]WH GHQ .RQVXO GD‰ QlPOLFK GHU 9DWHU QLFKW PHKU
GHQ(LQWULWWVHLQHVlOWHVWHQ(QNHOVLQV*HVFKlIWKDWWHHUOHEHQGUIHQ
GHUVFKRQXP2VWHUQGHVVHOEHQ-DKUHVHUIROJWH
7KRPDVZDUVHFK]HKQMlKULJDOVHUGLH6FKXOHYHUOLH‰(UZDUVWDUN
JHZDFKVHQLQOHW]WHU=HLWXQGWUXJVHLWVHLQHU.RQILUPDWLRQEHLGHU
3DVWRU .|OOLQJ LKP PLW VWDUNHQ $XVGUFNHQ 0l‰LJNHLW HPSIRKOHQ
KDWWHJDQ]KHUUHQPl‰LJH.OHLGXQJGLHLKQQRFKJU|‰HU HUVFKHLQHQ
OLH‰ 8P VHLQHQ +DOV KLQJ GLH ODQJH JROGHQH 8KUNHWWH GLH GHU
*UR‰YDWHULKP]XJHVSURFKHQKDWWHXQGDQGHUHLQ0HGDLOORQPLWGHP
:DSSHQGHU)DPLOLHKLQJGLHVHPPHODQFKROLVFKHQ:DSSHQVFKLOGH
GDVHLQHXQUHJHOPl‰LJVFKUDIILHUWH)OlFKHHLQIODFKHV0RRUODQGPLW
HLQHUHLQVDPHQXQGQDFNWHQ:HLGHDP8IHU]HLJWH'HUQRFKlOWHUH


6LHJHOULQJPLWJUQHP6WHLQGHQZDKUVFKHLQOLFKVFKRQGHUVHKUJXW
VLWXLHUWH*HZDQGVFKQHLGHULQ5RVWRFNJHWUDJHQKDWWHZDUQHEVWGHU
JUR‰HQ%LEHODXIGHQ.RQVXOEHUJHJDQJHQ
'LHbKQOLFKNHLWPLWGHP*UR‰YDWHUKDWWHVLFKEHL7KRPDVVRVWDUN
HQWZLFNHOWZLHEHL&KULVWLDQGLHMHQLJHPLWGHP9DWHUEHVRQGHUVVHLQ
UXQGHVXQGIHVWHV.LQQXQGGLHIHLQJHVFKQLWWHQHJHUDGH1DVHZDUHQ
GLH GHV $OWHQ 6HLQ VHLWZlUWV JHVFKHLWHOWHV +DDU GDV LQ ]ZHL
(LQEXFKWXQJHQ YRQ GHQ VFKPDOHQ XQG DXIIlOOLJ JHlGHUWHQ 6FKOlIHQ
]XUFNWUDWZDUGXQNHOEORQGXQGLP*HJHQVDW]GD]XHUVFKLHQHQGLH
ODQJHQ :LPSHUQ XQG GLH %UDXHQ YRQ GHQHQ HU JHUQ GLH HLQH HLQ
ZHQLJ HPSRU]RJ XQJHZ|KQOLFK KHOO XQG IDUEORV 6HLQH
%HZHJXQJHQ VHLQH 6SUDFKH VRZLH VHLQ /DFKHQ GDV VHLQH ]LHPOLFK
PDQJHOKDIWHQ =lKQH VHKHQ OLH‰ ZDUHQ UXKLJ XQG YHUVWlQGLJ (U
EOLFNWHVHLQHP%HUXIPLW(UQVWXQG(LIHUHQWJHJHQ«
(V ZDU HLQ lX‰HUVW IHLHUOLFKHU 7DJ DOV GHU .RQVXO LKQ QDFK GHP
HUVWHQ )UKVWFN PLW VLFK LQ GLH &RPSWRLUV KLQXQWHUQDKP XP LKQ
+HUUQ0DUFXV GHP 3URNXULVWHQ +HUUQ +DYHUPDQQ GHP .DVVLHUHU
VRZLHGHPEULJHQ3HUVRQDOH]XSUlVHQWLHUHQPLWGHPHUHLJHQWOLFK
OlQJVWJXW)UHXQGZDUDOVHU]XPHUVWHQ0DOHDXIVHLQHP'UHKVHVVHO
DP 3XOWH VD‰ HPVLJ PLW 6WHPSHOQ 2UGQHQ .RSLHUHQ EHVFKlIWLJW
XQGDOVGHU9DWHULKQQDFKPLWWDJVDXFKDQGLH7UDYHKLQXQWHULQGLH
6SHLFKHU ¾/LQGH½ ¾(LFKH½ ¾/|ZH½ XQG ¾:DOILVFK½ IKUWH ZR
7KRPDVHLJHQWOLFKHEHQIDOOVOlQJVW]X+DXVHZDUZRHUDEHUQXQDOV
0LWDUEHLWHUYRUJHVWHOOWZXUGH«
(U ZDU PLW +LQJHEXQJ EHL GHU 6DFKH XQG DKPWH GHQ VWLOOHQ XQG
]lKHQ )OHL‰ GHV 9DWHUV QDFK GHU PLW ]XVDPPHQJHELVVHQHQ =lKQHQ
DUEHLWHWHXQGPDQFKHV*HEHWXP%HLVWDQGLQVHLQ7DJHEXFKVFKULHE
GHQQHVJDOWGLHEHGHXWHQGHQ0LWWHOZLHGHUHLQ]XEULQJHQGLHEHLP
7RGH GHV $OWHQ GHU ¾)LUPD½ GLHVHP YHUJ|WWHUWHQ %HJULII
YHUORUHQJHJDQJHQ ZDUHQ« (LQHV $EHQGV VHKU VSlW LP
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU OLH‰ HU VLFK JHJHQ GLH .RQVXOLQ ]LHPOLFK
HLQJHKHQGEHUGLH9HUKlOWQLVVHDXV
(VZDUKDOE]Z|OI8KUXQGGLH.LQGHUVRZLH0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQ
VFKOLHIHQ GUDX‰HQ LQ GHQ =LPPHUQ DP .RUULGRU GHQQ GHU ]ZHLWH
6WRFN VWDQG QXQ OHHU XQG ZXUGH QXU GDQQ XQG ZDQQ IU )UHPGH
JHEUDXFKW 'LH .RQVXOLQ VD‰ DXI GHP JHOEHQ 6RID QHEHQ LKUHP
*DWWHQ GHU HLQH =LJDUUH LP 0XQGH GLH .XUVQRWL]HQ GHU


¾6WlGWLVFKHQ $Q]HLJHQ½ EHUEOLFNWH 6LH EHXJWH VLFK EHU HLQH
6HLGHQVWLFNHUHL XQG EHZHJWH OHLFKWKLQ GLH /LSSHQ ZlKUHQG VLH PLW
GHU 1DGHO HLQH 5HLKH YRQ 6WLFKHQ ]lKOWH 1HEHQ LKU DXI GHP
]LHUOLFKHQ1lKWLVFKPLW*ROGRUQDPHQWHQEUDQQWHQGLHVHFKV.HU]HQ
HLQHV$UPOHXFKWHUVGHU.URQOHXFKWHUKLQJXQEHQXW]W
-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN GHU VLFK DOOJHPDFK GHU 0LWWH GHU 9LHU]LJHU
QlKHUWH KDWWH LQ GHQ OHW]WHQ -DKUHQ HUVLFKWOLFK JHDOWHUW 6HLQH
NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ $XJHQ VFKLHQHQ QRFK WLHIHU ]X OLHJHQ GLH JUR‰H
JHERJHQH 1DVH VSUDQJ ZLH GLH :DQJHQNQRFKHQ QRFK VFKlUIHU
KHUYRUXQGHLQ3XGHUTXDVWVFKLHQDQGHQ6FKOlIHQHLQSDDUPDOJDQ]
OHLFKW VHLQ DVFKEORQGHV VRUJIlOWLJ JHVFKHLWHOWHV +DDU EHUKUW ]X
KDEHQ'LH.RQVXOLQLKUHUVHLWVVWDQGDP(QGHGHU'UHL‰LJHUDEHUVLH
NRQVHUYLHUWHLKUHQLFKWVFK|QHXQGGHQQRFK JOlQ]HQGH (UVFKHLQXQJ
DXIV EHVWH XQG LKU PDWWZHL‰HU 7HLQW PLW GHQ YHUHLQ]HOWHQ
6RPPHUVSURVVHQ KDWWH DQ =DUWKHLW QLFKWV HLQJHE‰W ,KU U|WOLFKHV
NXQVWYROOIULVLHUWHV+DDUZDUYRP6FKHLQGHU.HU]HQGXUFKOHXFKWHW
:lKUHQGVLHGLHJDQ]KHOOEODXHQ$XJHQHLQZHQLJEHLVHLWHJOHLWHQ
OLH‰ VDJWH VLH ª(LQHV ZROOWH LFK GLU ]XU hEHUOHJXQJ HPSIHKOHQ
PHLQOLHEHU-HDQREHVQlPOLFKQLFKWUDWVDPZlUHHLQHQ%HGLHQWHQ
]X HQJDJLHUHQ« ,FK ELQ ]X GLHVHU hEHU]HXJXQJ JHNRPPHQ :HQQ
LFKDQPHLQH(OWHUQGHQNH«©
'HU.RQVXOOLH‰GLH=HLWXQJDXIGLH.QLHVLQNHQXQGZlKUHQGHU
GLH=LJDUUHDXVGHP0XQGHQDKPZXUGHQVHLQH$XJHQDXIPHUNVDP
GHQQHVKDQGHOWHVLFKXP*HOGDXVJDEHQ
ª-D PHLQH OLHEH XQG YHUHKUWH %HWKV\© ILQJ HU DQ XQG ]RJ GLH
$QUHGHLQGLH/lQJHGHQQHUPX‰WHVHLQH(LQZlQGHRUGQHQª(LQHQ
%HGLHQWHQ" :LU KDEHQ QDFK GHP 7RGH GHU VHOLJHQ (OWHUQ DOOH GUHL
0lGFKHQ YRQ 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ DEJHVHKHQ LP +DXVH EHKDOWHQ
XQGPLFKGQNW«©
ª$FKGDV+DXVLVWVRJUR‰-HDQGD‰HVEHLQDKHIDWDOLVW,FKVDJH
¾/LQD PHLQ .LQG LP +LQWHUKDXV LVW VFKUHFNOLFK ODQJH QLFKW
DEJHVWlXEW ZRUGHQ½ DEHU LFK PDJ GLH /HXWH QLFKW EHUDQVWUHQJHQ
GHQQVLHPVVHQVFKRQSXVWHQZHQQKLHUYRUQDOOHVQHWWXQGUHLQOLFK
LVW« (LQ 'LHQHU ZlUH VR DQJHQHKP IU .RPPLVVLRQHQ XQG
GHUJOHLFKHQ« 0DQ EHNRPPW HLQHQ EUDYHQ XQG DQVSUXFKVORVHQ
0DQQ YRP /DQGH« $EHU HKH LFK HV YHUJHVVH -HDQ /RXLVH


0|OOHQGRUSI ZLOO LKUHQ $QWRQ JHKHQ ODVVHQ LFK KDEH LKQ PLW
6LFKHUKHLWVHUYLHUHQVHKHQ«©
ª,FK PX‰ JHVWHKHQ© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO XQG UFNWH HLQ ZHQLJ
XQEHKDJOLFK KLQ XQG KHU ªGD‰ GLHVHU *HGDQNH PLU IUHPG LVW :LU
EHVXFKHQ MHW]W ZHGHU *HVHOOVFKDIWHQ QRFK JHEHQ ZLU VHOEVW
ZHOFKH«©
ª1HLQ QHLQ DEHU %HVXFK KDEHQ ZLU WURW]GHP KlXILJ JHQXJ XQG
GDV LVWQLFKW PHLQH 6FKXOG OLHEHU -HDQ REJOHLFK GX ZHL‰W GD‰ LFK
PLFK KHU]OLFK GDUEHU IUHXH (V NRPPW HLQ DXVZlUWLJHU
*HVFKlIWVIUHXQGYRQGLUGXELWWHVWLKQ]XP(VVHQHUKDWQRFKNHLQ
*DVWKDXV]LPPHUJHQRPPHQXQGEHUQDFKWHWQDWUOLFKEHLXQV'DQQ
NRPPWHLQ0LVVLRQDUGHUYLHOOHLFKWDFKW7DJHEHLXQVEOHLEW«)U
EHUQlFKVWH :RFKH HUZDUWHQ ZLU 3DVWRU 0DWKLDV DXV &DQQVWDWW«
1XQXPNXU]]XVHLQGLH6DODLUVVLQGVRJHULQJ«©
ª$EHU VLH KlXIHQ VLFK %HWKV\ :LU KRQRULHUHQ YLHU /HXWH LP
+DXVH XQG GX YHUJLVVHVW GLH YLHOHQ 0lQQHU GLH LP 'LHQVWH GHU
)LUPDVWHKHQ©
ª6ROOWHQZLUZLUNOLFKHLQHQ%HGLHQWHQQLFKWHUVFKZLQJHQN|QQHQ"©
IUDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ OlFKHOQG LQGHP VLH LKUHQ *DWWHQ PLW VHLWZlUWV
JHQHLJWHP .RSIH DQEOLFNWH ª:HQQ LFK DQ GDV 3HUVRQDO PHLQHU
(OWHUQGHQNH«©
ª'HLQH(OWHUQOLHEH%HWKV\1HLQQXQPX‰LFKGLFKIUDJHQREGX
GLUHLJHQWOLFKEHUXQVHUH9HUKlOWQLVVHNODUELVW"©
ª1HLQ GDV LVW ZDKU -HDQ LFK KDEH ZRKO QLFKW GLH KLQOlQJOLFKH
(LQVLFKW«©
ª1XQGLHLVWOHLFKW]XEHVFKDIIHQ©VDJWHGHU.RQVXO(UVHW]WHVLFK
LP6RID]XUHFKWVFKOXJHLQ%HLQEHUGDVDQGHUHWDWHLQHQ=XJDXV
VHLQHU =LJDUUH XQG EHJDQQ ZlKUHQG HU GLH $XJHQ HLQ ZHQLJ
]XVDPPHQNQLII PLW DX‰HURUGHQWOLFKHU *HOlXILJNHLW VHLQH =DKOHQ
KHUYRU]XEULQJHQǻ.XU]XQGJXW0HLQVHOLJHU9DWHUKDWVHLQHU]HLW
YRU PHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU +HLUDW UXQG XQG QHWW   0DUN .XUDQW
EHVHVVHQ DEJHVHKHQ ZLH VLFK YHUVWHKW YRQ GHP *UXQGEHVLW] XQG
GHP :HUWH GHU )LUPD   VLQG DOV 0LWJLIW QDFK )UDQNIXUW XQG
  EHL *RWWKROGV (WDEOLHUXQJ DEJHJDQJHQ PDFKW  
'DQQNDP GHU .DXI GLHVHV +DXVHV GDV WURW] GHU (LQQDKPH IU GDV
NOHLQH LQ GHU $OIVWUD‰H PLW 9HUEHVVHUXQJHQ XQG 1HXDQVFKDIIXQJHQ


YROOH JHNRVWHWKDWPDFKW 1DFK)UDQNIXUWZXUGHQ
DOV (QWVFKlGLJXQJVVXPPH   JH]DKOW PDFKW   XQG VR
KlWWHQGLH'LQJHEHL9DWHUV7RGH JHOHJHQ ZlUHQ DOOH GLHVH 6SHVHQ
QLFKWLP/DXIHGHU-DKUHGXUFKUXQG .XUDQWPDUN9HUGLHQVW
NRUULJLHUWZRUGHQ'DV*HVDPWYHUP|JHQEHWUXJDOVR 'DQQ
ZXUGHQ IHUQHU   DQ *RWWKROG DXVJHNHKUW XQG QRFK  
QDFK )UDQNIXUW GDV PDFKW ZHQQ LFK QRFK HLQ SDDU WDXVHQG
.XUDQWPDUN NOHLQHUHU 9HUPlFKWQLVVH DEUHFKQH GLH QDFK 9DWHUV
7HVWDPHQW DQ GDV +HLOLJH*HLVW+RVSLWDO GLH .DXIOHXWH
:LWZHQNDVVHXQGVRZHLWHUJLQJHQHWZD PLWGHLQHU0LWJLIW
XP PHKU'DVVLQGLQUXQGHQ6XPPHQXQGDEJHVHKHQYRQ
DOOHUKDQG NOHLQHUHQ 6FKZDQNXQJHQ GHV 9HUP|JHQV XQJHIlKU GLH
9HUKlOWQLVVH:LUVLQGQLFKWVRXQJHPHLQUHLFKPHLQHOLHEH%HWKV\
XQGEHLDOOHGHPPX‰PDQEHGHQNHQGD‰GDV*HVFKlIW]ZDUNOHLQHU
JHZRUGHQ LVW GD‰ DEHU GLH *HVFKlIWVVSHVHQ GLHVHOEHQ JHEOLHEHQ
VLQG ZHLO GHU =XVFKQLWW GHV *HVFKlIWHV HV QLFKW JHVWDWWHW GLH
8QNRVWHQKHUDE]XVHW]HQ«+DVWGXPLUIROJHQN|QQHQ"©
'LH.RQVXOLQ QLFNWH HLQ ZHQLJ ]|JHUQG GLH 6WLFNHUHL LP 6FKR‰H
ª5HFKW JXW PHLQ OLHEHU -HDQ© VDJWH VLH REJOHLFK VLH QLFKW DOOHV
YHUVWDQGHQKDWWHXQGGXUFKDXVQLFKWEHJULIIZDUXPDOOHGLHVHJUR‰HQ
6XPPHQVLHKLQGHUQVROOWHQHLQHQ%HGLHQWHQ]XHQJDJLHUHQ
'HU .RQVXO OLH‰ VHLQH =LJDUUH DXIJOLPPHQ VWLH‰ PLW
]XUFNJHQHLJWHP.RSIHGHQ5DXFKYRQVLFKXQGIXKUGDQQIRUWª'X
GHQNVWGD‰ZLUMDZHQQHLQPDOGHLQHOLHEHQ(OWHUQ]X*RWWJHUXIHQ
ZHUGHQ QRFK HWZDV %HWUlFKWOLFKHV ]X HUZDUWHQ KDEHQ XQG GDV LVW
ULFKWLJ-HGRFK«ZLUGUIHQGDPLWQLFKWDOO]XXQYRUVLFKWLJUHFKQHQ
,FKZHL‰GD‰GHLQ9DWHU]LHPOLFKSHLQOLFKH9HUOXVWHJHKDEWKDWXQG
]ZDU ZLH EHNDQQW LVW GXUFK -XVWXV -XVWXV LVW HLQ lX‰HUVW
OLHEHQVZUGLJHU 0HQVFK DEHU HU LVW QLFKW HEHQ HLQ VWDUNHU
*HVFKlIWVPDQQ XQG KDW DXFK XQYHUVFKXOGHWHV 8QJOFN JHKDEW (U
KDW EHL PHKUHUHQ .XQGHQ K|FKVW VW|UHQGH (LQEX‰HQ HUOLWWHQ GLH
)ROJH VHLQHV JHVFKZlFKWHQ %HWULHEVNDSLWDOV ZDU WHXUHV *HOG GXUFK
7UDQVDNWLRQHQ PLW %DQNLHUV XQG GHLQ 9DWHU KDW PHKUHUH 0DOH PLW
EHGHXWHQGHQ 6XPPHQ HLQVSULQJHQ PVVHQ GDPLW NHLQ 8QJOFN
JHVFKDK'HUJOHLFKHQNDQQVLFKZLHGHUKROHQXQGZLUGVLFKIXUFKWH
LFK ZLHGHUKROHQ GHQQ  YHU]HLK PLU %HWKV\ ZHQQ LFK DXIULFKWLJ
UHGHGLHJHZLVVHKHLWHUH/HLFKWOHELJNHLWGLHEHLGHLQHP9DWHUGHU


PLW*HVFKlIWHQQLFKWVPHKU]XWXQ KDW VR DQJHQHKP ZLUNW NRPPW
GHLQHP %UXGHU DOV *HVFKlIWVPDQQ VFKOHFKW ]XVWDWWHQ« 'X
YHUVWHKVWPLFK«HULVWQLFKWVHKUEHKXWVDPZLHHLQEL‰FKHQUDVFK
XQGREHQKLQDXV«,PEULJHQODVVHQVLFKGHLQH(OWHUQZDVPLFKVR
DXIULFKWLJ IUHXW QLFKWV DEJHKHQ VLH IXKUHQ HLQ KHUUVFKDIWOLFKHV
/HEHQZLHHV«LKUHQ9HUKlOWQLVVHQHQWVSULFKW«©
'LH .RQVXOLQ OlFKHOWH QDFKVLFKWLJ VLH NDQQWH GDV 9RUXUWHLO LKUHV
*DWWHQJHJHQGLHHOHJDQWHQ1HLJXQJHQLKUHU)DPLOLHª*HQXJ©IXKU
HU IRUW XQG OHJWH GHQ 5HVW VHLQHU =LJDUUH LQ GHQ $VFKEHFKHU ªLFK
PHLQHVWHLOVYHUODVVHPLFKLQGHU+DXSWVDFKHGDUDXIGD‰GHU+HUUPLU
PHLQH $UEHLWVNUDIW HUKDOWHQ ZLUG GDPLW LFK PLW VHLQHU JQlGLJHQ
+LOIHGDV9HUP|JHQGHU)LUPDDXIGLHHKHPDOLJH+|KH]XUFNIXKUHQ
NDQQ« ,FK KRIIH GHLQH (LQVLFKW LVW QXQ HLQH NODUHUH OLHEH %HWKV\
"©
ª9ROONRPPHQ -HDQ YROONRPPHQ© EHHLOWH VLFK GLH .RQVXOLQ ]X
DQWZRUWHQ GHQQ VLH JDE IU KHXWH DEHQG GHQ %HGLHQWHQ DXI ª$EHU
OD‰XQV]XU5XKHJHKQZLH"HVLVWDOO]XVSlWJHZRUGHQ«©
hEULJHQV ZXUGH QDFK HLQ SDDU 7DJHQ DOV GHU .RQVXO JXWJHODXQW
DXV GHP .RQWRU ]X 7LVFKH NDP GHQQRFK GHU %HVFKOX‰ JHID‰W
0|OOHQGRUSIV$QWRQ]XHQJDJLHUHQ

6HFKVWHV.DSLWHO

ª7RQ\ JHEHQ ZLU LQ 3HQVLRQ XQG ]ZDU ]X )UlXOHLQ :HLFKEURGW©
VDJWH.RQVXO%XGGHQEURRNXQGHUlX‰HUWHGDVVREHVWLPPWGD‰HV
GDEHLEOLHE
:HQLJHU ]XIULHGHQ QlPOLFK ZLH DQJHGHXWHW DOV PLW 7KRPDV GHU
VLFK PLW 7DOHQW LQ GLH *HVFKlIWH HLQOHEWH PLW &ODUD GLH PXQWHU
KHUDQZXFKV XQG GHU DUPHQ .ORWKLOGH GHUHQ $SSHWLW MHGHQ
0HQVFKHQHUIUHXHQPX‰WHNRQQWHPDQPLW7RQ\XQG&KULVWLDQVHLQ
:DV GHQ OHW]WHUHQ DQJLQJ VR ZDU HV GDV ZHQLJVWH GD‰ HU EHLQDKH
MHGHQ1DFKPLWWDJJHQ|WLJWZDUEHL+HUUQ6WHQJHO.DIIHH]XWULQNHQ
 REJOHLFK GLH .RQVXOLQ GHU GLHV ]XYLHO ZXUGH HLQHV 7DJHV GHQ


+HUUQ /HKUHU GXUFK HLQ ]LHUOLFKHV +DQGELOOHWW ]XP =ZHFNH HLQHU
5FNVSUDFKH]XVLFKLQGLH0HQJVWUD‰HHQWERW
+HUU 6WHQJHO HUVFKLHQ LQ VHLQHU 6RQQWDJVSHUFNH PLW VHLQHQ
K|FKVWHQ 9DWHUP|UGHUQ GLH :HVWH YRQ ODQ]HQDUWLJ JHVSLW]WHQ
%OHLVWLIWHQ VWDUUHQG XQG VD‰ PLW GHU .RQVXOLQ LP
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU ZlKUHQG &KULVWLDQ KHLPOLFK LP (‰VDDOH GHU
8QWHUUHGXQJ ]XK|UWH 'HU DXVJH]HLFKQHWH (U]LHKHU OHJWH EHUHGW
ZHQQDXFKHLQZHQLJEHIDQJHQVHLQH$QVLFKWHQGDUVSUDFKYRQGHP
EHGHXWVDPHQ 8QWHUVFKLHG ]ZLVFKHQ ª/LQH© XQG ª6WULFK© HUZlKQWH
GHV VFK|QHQ JUQHQ :DOGHV VRZLH GHV .RKOHQNDVWHQV XQG
JHEUDXFKWH LP EULJHQ ZlKUHQG GLHVHU 9LVLWH EHVWlQGLJ GDV :RUW
ªLQIROJHGHVVHQ© GDV LKP ZRKO GLHVHU YRUQHKPHQ 8PJHEXQJ DP
EHVWHQ]XHQWVSUHFKHQVFKLHQ1DFKHLQHU9LHUWHOVWXQGHHUVFKLHQGHU
.RQVXO MDJWH &KULVWLDQ GDYRQ XQG GUFNWH +HUUQ 6WHQJHO VHLQ
OHEKDIWHV %HGDXHUQ GDUEHU DXV GD‰ VHLQ 6RKQ LKP 8UVDFKH ]XU
8Q]XIULHGHQKHLWJHJHEHQKDEH«
ª2K EHKWH +HUU .RQVXO LFK ELWWH HUJHEHQVW (LQ JHZHFNWHU
.RSI HLQ PXQWHUHU 3DWURQ GHU 6FKOHU %XGGHQEURRN 8QG
LQIROJHGHVVHQ«$OOHLQHLQZHQLJEHUPWLJZHQQLFKPLUHUODXEHQ
GDUIKP«XQGLQIROJHGHVVHQ«©'HU.RQVXOIKUWHLKQK|IOLFKLP
+DXVHXPKHUZRUDXI+HUU6WHQJHOVLFKYHUDEVFKLHGHWH«'DVDOOHV
DEHUZDUQLFKWGDV6FKOLPPH
'DV 6FKOLPPH EHVWDQG GDULQ GD‰ IROJHQGHV EHNDQQW ZXUGH 'HU
6FKOHU&KULVWLDQ%XGGHQEURRNGXUIWHHLQHV$EHQGVPLWHLQHPJXWHQ
)UHXQGH GDV 6WDGWWKHDWHU EHVXFKHQ ZRVHOEVW ¾:LOKHOP 7HOO½ YRQ
6FKLOOHUJHJHEHQZXUGHGLH5ROOHYRQ7HOOV.QDEHQ:DOWHUMHGRFK
VSLHOWHHLQHMXQJH'DPHHLQH 'HPRLVHOOH 0H\HUGH OD *UDQJH PLW
GHUHVHLQHHLJQH%HZDQGWQLVKDWWH6LHSIOHJWHQlPOLFKZDUHVLKUHU
5ROOH QXQ DQJHPHVVHQ RGHU QLFKW DXI GHU %KQH HLQH
%ULOODQWEURVFKH ]X WUDJHQ GLH QRWRULVFK HFKW ZDU GHQQ ZLH
DOOJHPHLQEHNDQQWZDUVLHHLQ*HVFKHQNGHVMXQJHQ .RQVXOV 3HWHU
'|KOPDQQ 6RKQ GHV YHUVWRUEHQHQ +RO]JUR‰KlQGOHUV '|KOPDQQ LQ
GHU(UVWHQ:DOOVWUD‰HYRUP+ROVWHQWRU.RQVXO3HWHUJHK|UWH]XGHQ
+HUUHQ GLH LQ GHU 6WDGW ¾6XLWLHUV½ JHQDQQW ZXUGHQ  ZLH ]XP
%HLVSLHO DXFK -XVWXV .U|JHU  GDV KHL‰W VHLQH /HEHQVIKUXQJ ZDU
HLQ ZHQLJ ORFNHU (U ZDU YHUKHLUDWHW XQG EHVD‰ VRJDU HLQH NOHLQH
7RFKWHU EHIDQG VLFK DEHU VHLW OlQJHUHU =HLW PLW VHLQHU *DWWLQ LQ


=ZLHWUDFKWXQGOHEWHJDQ]ZLHHLQ-XQJJHVHOOH'DV9HUP|JHQGDV
VHLQ 9DWHU LKP KLQWHUODVVHQ KDWWH GHVVHQ *HVFKlIW HU VR]XVDJHQ
IRUWIKUWH ZDU ]LHPOLFK EHGHXWHQG JHZHVHQ DEHU PDQ VDJWH VLFK
GD‰HUGHQQRFKYRP.DSLWDOH]HKUH(UKLHOWVLFKPHLVWHQVLP.OXE
RGHULP5DWVNHOOHUDXIXP]XIUKVWFNHQZDUGMHGHQ0RUJHQXP
YLHU 8KU LUJHQGZR LQ GHQ 6WUD‰HQ JHVHKHQ XQG XQWHUQDKP KlXILJ
*HVFKlIWVUHLVHQQDFK+DPEXUJ9RUDOOHPMHGRFKZDUHUHLQHLIULJHU
7KHDWHUOLHEKDEHU YHUVlXPWH NHLQH 9RUVWHOOXQJ XQG QDKP
SHUV|QOLFKHV ,QWHUHVVH DQ GHP DXVEHQGHQ 3HUVRQDO 'HPRLVHOOH
0H\HUGHOD*UDQJHZDUGLHOHW]WHGHUMXQJHQ.QVWOHULQQHQGLHHU
LQGHQYHUJDQJHQHQ-DKUHQPLW%ULOODQWHQDXVJH]HLFKQHWKDWWH«
8P]XU6DFKH]XNRPPHQVRVDKGLHMXQJH'DPHDOV:DOWHU7HOO
VLH WUXJ DXFK LQ GLHVHU 5ROOH LKUH %ULOODQWEURVFKH  JDQ] DOOHUOLHEVW
DXV XQG VSLHOWH VR UKUHQG GD‰ GHP 6FKOHU %XGGHQEURRN YRU
LQQHUHU%HJHLVWHUXQJGLH7UlQHQLQGLH$XJHQWUDWHQMDGD‰HUVLFK
]XHLQHU+DQGOXQJVZHLVHKLQUHL‰HQOLH‰ZLHVLHQXUDXVHLQHPDOO]X
VWDUNHQ (PSILQGHQ KHUYRUJHKHQ NDQQ ,Q HLQHU 3DXVH QlPOLFK
HUVWDQG HU LP JHJHQEHUJHOHJHQHQ %OXPHQODGHQ IU  0DUN 
6FKLOOLQJHLQ%XNHWWPLWZHOFKHPGLHVHUYLHU]HKQMlKULJH.QLUSVPLW
VHLQHUJUR‰HQ1DVHXQGVHLQHQNOHLQHQWLHIOLHJHQGHQ$XJHQGHQ:HJ
]XP %KQHQUDXP PDUVFKLHUWH XQG GD QLHPDQG LKQ DXIKLHOW YRU
HLQHU *DUGHUREHQWUDXI )UlXOHLQ0H\HUGH OD *UDQJH VWLH‰ GLH LP
*HVSUlFKHPLW.RQVXO3HWHU'|KOPDQQVWDQG'HU.RQVXOZlUHYRU
/DFKHQEHLQDKHJHJHQGLH :DQG JHIDOOHQ DOV HU &KULVWLDQ PLW GHP
%XNHWW GDKHUNRPPHQ VDK GHU QHXH 6XLWLHU DEHU PDFKWH HUQVWKDIW
VHLQ EHVWHV .RPSOLPHQW YRU :DOWHU 7HOO EHUUHLFKWH LKP GLH
%OXPHQVFKWWHOWHODQJVDPGHQ.RSIXQGVDJWHLQHLQHP7RQHGHU
YRU $XIULFKWLJNHLW EHLQDKH EHNPPHUW NODQJ ª)UlXOHLQ ZLH VFK|Q
KDEHQ6LHJHVSLHOW©
ª1XQ VHK¶ PDO HLQHU GLHVHQ .ULVFKDQ %XGGHQEURRN© VFKULH
.RQVXO'|KOPDQQPLWVHLQHUEUHLWHQ$XVVSUDFKH)UlXOHLQ0H\HUGH
OD *UDQJH DEHU ]RJ GLH KEVFKHQ %UDXHQ HPSRU XQG IUDJWH ª6RKQ
YRQ .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN"© 'DQQ VWUHLFKHOWH VLH LKUHP QHXHQ
9HUHKUHUPLWYLHOHP:RKOZROOHQGLH:DQJH
'LHVZDUGHU7DWEHVWDQGGHQ3HWHU'|KOPDQQDPVHOEHQ$EHQGLP
.OXE]XPEHVWHQJDEGHUPLWXQJHKHXUHU6FKQHOOLJNHLWLQGHU6WDGW
EHNDQQWZXUGHXQGVRJDUGHP6FKXOGLUHNWRU]X2KUHQNDPGHULKQ


ZLHGHUXP ]XP *HJHQVWDQGH HLQHU 8QWHUUHGXQJ PLW .RQVXO
%XGGHQEURRNPDFKWH
:LH ID‰WH GLHVHU GLH 6DFKH DXI" (U ZDU ZHQLJHU ]RUQLJ DOV
JHUDGH]X EHUZlOWLJW XQG JHVFKODJHQ« $OV HU GHU .RQVXOLQ
0LWWHLOXQJPDFKWHVD‰HUEHLQDKHJHEURFKHQLP/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU
ª'DVLVWXQVHU6RKQVRHQWZLFNHOWHUVLFK«©
ª-HDQPHLQ*RWWGHLQ9DWHUKlWWHJHODFKWGDUEHU«8QGHU]lKOH
HV QXU 'RQQHUVWDJ EHL PHLQHQ (OWHUQ 3DSD ZLUG VLFK N|VWOLFK
DPVLHUHQ«©
+LHU EHJHKUWH GHU.RQVXO DXI ª+D -D LFK ELQ EHU]HXJW GD‰ HU
VLFK DPVLHUHQ ZLUG %HWKV\ (U ZLUG VLFK IUHXHQ GD‰ VHLQ
OHLFKWIHUWLJHV %OXW XQG VHLQH XQIURPPHQ 1HLJXQJHQ QLFKW QXU LQ
-XVWXV GHP« 6XLWLHU VRQGHUQ HUVLFKWOLFK DXFK LQ HLQHP VHLQHU
(QNHO IRUWOHEHQ« VDSSHUORW GX ]ZLQJVW PLFK ]X GLHVHU bX‰HUXQJ
(U JHKW ]X GLHVHU 3HUVRQ (U JLEW VHLQ 7DVFKHQJHOG DXV IU GLHVH
/RUHWWH  (U ZHL‰ HV QLFKW QHLQ DEHU GLH 1HLJXQJ ]HLJW VLFK 'LH
1HLJXQJ]HLJWVLFK«©
-D GDV ZDU HLQ VFKOLPPHU )DOO XQG GHU .RQVXO ZDU XP VR
HQWVHW]WHUDOVDXFK7RQ\ZLHJHVDJWVLFKQLFKW]XPEHVWHQEHWUXJ
=ZDU YHU]LFKWHWH VLH PLW GHQ -DKUHQ GDUDXI GHQ EOHLFKHQ 0DQQ
WDQ]HQ ]X ODVVHQ XQG GLH 3XSSHQOLHVH ]X EHVXFKHQ DEHU VLH ]HLJWH
HLQH LPPHU NHFNHUH $UW GHQ .RSI LQ GHQ 1DFNHQ ]X ZHUIHQ XQG
lX‰HUWH EHVRQGHUV ZHQQ VLH GHQ 6RPPHU GUDX‰HQ EHL GHQ
*UR‰HOWHUQYHUOHEWKDWWHHLQHQDUJHQ+DQJ]X+RIIDUWXQG(LWHONHLW
(LQHV7DJHVEHUUDVFKWHGHU.RQVXOVLHPLW9HUGUX‰GDEHLGD‰VLH
JHPHLQVDP PLW 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ &ODXUHQV ¾0LPLOL½ ODV HU
EOlWWHUWH LQ GHP %lQGFKHQ VFKZLHJ XQG YHUVFKOR‰ HV DXI LPPHU
.XU]GDUDXINDPHVDQGHQ7DJGD‰7RQ\$QWRQLH%XGGHQEURRN
JDQ] DOOHLQ PLW HLQHP *\PQDVLDVWHQ HLQHP )UHXQGH LKUHU %UGHU
YRUP7RUHVSD]LHUHQJHJDQJHQZDU
)UDX6WXKWGLHVHOEHGLHLQGHQHUVWHQ.UHLVHQYHUNHKUWHKDWWHGLH
EHLGHQ HUEOLFNW KDWWH VLFK JHOHJHQWOLFK HLQHV .OHLGHUDQNDXIHV EHL
0|OOHQGRUSIV GDUEHU JHlX‰HUW GD‰ QXQ ZDKUKDIWLJ DXFK 0DPVHOO
%XGGHQEURRNVFKRQLQGLH-DKUHNRPPHZR«XQG )UDX 6HQDWRULQ
0|OOHQGRUSIKDWWHLQKHLWHUHP7RQHGHP.RQVXOGDYRQHU]lKOW


'LHVH6SD]LHUJlQJHZXUGHQYHUKLQGHUW'DQQDEHUHUZLHV HV VLFK
GD‰ 0DGHPRLVHOOH 7RQ\ DXV MHQHQ DOWHQ KRKOHQ %lXPHQ JOHLFK
KLQWHU GHP %XUJWRUH GLH QXU OFNHQKDIW PLW 0|UWHOPDVVH JHIOOW
ZDUHQNOHLQH.RUUHVSRQGHQ]HQDEKROWHRGHUGDVHOEVW]XUFNOLH‰GLH
YRQ HEHQGHPVHOEHQ *\PQDVLDVWHQ KHUUKUWHQ RGHU DQ LKQ JHULFKWHW
ZDUHQ $OV GLHV DP /LFKWH ZDU HUVFKLHQ HV JHERWHQ GLH QXQ
IQI]HKQMlKULJH7RQ\LQVWUHQJHUH2EKXW]XJHEHQLQHLQH3HQVLRQ
LQGLHMHQLJHYRQ)UlXOHLQ:HLFKEURGW$P0KOHQEULQN1XPHUR

6LHEHQWHV.DSLWHO

7KHUHVH:HLFKEURGWZDUEXFNOLJVLHZDUVREXFNOLJGD‰VLHQLFKW
YLHOK|KHUZDUDOVHLQ7LVFK6LHZDUHLQXQGYLHU]LJ-DKUHDOWDEHUGD
VLH QLHPDOV *HZLFKW DXI lX‰HUH :RKOJHIlOOLJNHLW JHOHJW KDWWH VR
JLQJ VLH JHNOHLGHW ZLH HLQH 'DPH YRQ VHFK]LJ ELV VLHE]LJ -DKUHQ
$XILKUHQJUDXHQJHSROVWHUWHQ2KUORFNHQVD‰HLQH+DXEHPLWJUQHQ
%lQGHUQGLHEHUGLHVFKPDOHQ.LQGHUVFKXOWHUQKLQDEILHOHQXQGQLH
ZDU DQ LKUHP NPPHUOLFKHQ VFKZDU]HQ .OHLGFKHQ HWZDV ZLH 3XW]
JHVHKHQZRUGHQDXVJHQRPPHQGLHJUR‰HRYDOH%URVFKHDXIGHULQ
3RU]HOODQPDOHUHLGDV%LOGLKUHU0XWWHUSUDQJWH
'DV NOHLQH )UlXOHLQ :HLFKEURGW EHVD‰ NOXJH XQG VFKDUIH EUDXQH
$XJHQHLQHOHLFKWJHERJHQH1DVHXQG VFKPDOH /LSSHQ GLH VLHDXIV
HQWVFKLHGHQVWH ]XVDPPHQSUHVVHQ NRQQWH« hEHUKDXSW ODJ LQ LKUHU
JHULQJHQ )LJXU XQG DOOHQ LKUHQ %HZHJXQJHQ HLQ 1DFKGUXFN GHU
]ZDU SRVVLHUOLFK DEHU GXUFKDXVUHVSHNWJHELHWHQG ZLUNWH 'D]X WUXJ
LQKRKHP*UDGHDXFKLKUH6SUDFKHEHL6LHVSUDFKPLWOHEKDIWHUXQG
VWR‰ZHLVHU %HZHJXQJ GHV 8QWHUNLHIHUV XQG HLQHP VFKQHOOHQ
HLQGULQJOLFKHQ .RSIVFKWWHOQ H[DNW XQG GLDOHNWIUHL NODU EHVWLPPW
XQG PLW VRUJIlOWLJHU %HWRQXQJ MHGHV .RQVRQDQWHQ 'HQ .ODQJ GHU
9RNDOHDEHUEHUWULHEVLHVRJDULQHLQHU:HLVHGD‰VLH]XP%HLVSLHO
QLFKW ª%XWWHUNUXNH© VRQGHUQ ª%RWWHU© RGHU JDU ª%DWWHUNUXNH©
VSUDFK XQG LKU HLJHQVLQQLJ NOlIIHQGHV +QGFKHQ QLFKW ª%REE\©
VRQGHUQª%DEE\©ULHI:HQQVLH]XHLQHU6FKOHULQVDJWHª.LQGVHL
QLFKWVlGRPP©XQG]ZHLPDOGDEHLJDQ]NXU]PLWGHPJHNUPPWHQ


=HLJHILQJHUDXIGHQ7LVFK SRFKWHVR PDFKWHGLHV (LQGUXFN GDV LVW
VLFKHU XQG ZHQQ 0DGHPRLVHOOH 3RSLQHW GLH )UDQ]|VLQ VLFK EHLP
.DIIHHPLWDOO]XYLHO=XFNHUEHGLHQWHVR KDWWH )UlXOHLQ :HLFKEURGW
HLQH $UW GLH =LPPHUGHFNH ]X EHWUDFKWHQ PLW HLQHU +DQG DXI GHP
7LVFKWXFK .ODYLHU ]X VSLHOHQ XQG ]X VDJHQ ª,FK Z|UGH GLH JDQ]H
=RFNHUE|FKVHQHKPHQ©GD‰0DGHPRLVHOOH3RSLQHWKHIWLJHUU|WHWH
$OV.LQGPHLQ*RWWZLHZLQ]LJPX‰WHVLHDOV.LQGJHZHVHQVHLQ
KDWWH7KHUHVH:HLFKEURGWVLFKVHOEHUª6HVHPL©JHQDQQWXQGGLHVH
bQGHUXQJ LKUHV 9RUQDPHQV KDWWH VLH EHLEHKDOWHQ LQGHP VLH GHQ
EHVVHUHQ XQG WFKWLJHUHQ 6FKOHULQQHQ ,QWHUQHQ VRZRKO ZLH
([WHUQHQ JHVWDWWHWH VLH VR ]X QHQQHQ ª1HQQH PLFK ¾6HVHPL½
.LQG© VDJWH VLH JOHLFK DP HUVWHQ 7DJH ]X 7RQ\ %XGGHQEURRN
LQGHPVLHVLHNXU]XQGPLWHLQHPOHLFKWNQDOOHQGHQ*HUlXVFKDXIGLH
6WLUQ N‰WH« ª,FK K|UH HV JHUQ© ,KUH lOWHUH 6FKZHVWHU 0DGDPH
.HWKHOVHQDEHUKLH‰1HOO\
0DGDPH.HWKHOVHQGLHXQJHIlKUDFKWXQGYLHU]LJ-DKUH]lKOWHZDU
YRQ LKUHP YHUVWRUEHQHQ *DWWHQ PLWWHOORV LP /HEHQ ]XUFNJHODVVHQ
ZRUGHQ EHZRKQWH EHL LKUHU 6FKZHVWHU LP REHUHQ 6WRFNZHUN HLQH
NOHLQH 6WXEH XQG EHWHLOLJWH VLFK DQ GHU DOOJHPHLQHQ 7DIHO 6LH
NOHLGHWH VLFK lKQOLFK ZLH 6HVHPL ZDU DEHU LP *HJHQVDW] ]X LKU
DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK ODQJ DQ LKUHQ KDJHUHQ +DQGJHOHQNHQ WUXJ VLH
ZROOHQH 3XOVZlUPHU 6LH ZDU QLFKW /HKUHULQ VLH ZX‰WH QLFKWV YRQ
6WUHQJH XQG LQ +DUPORVLJNHLW XQG VWLOOHP )URKVLQQ EHVWDQG LKU
:HVHQ +DWWH HLQ =|JOLQJ )UlXOHLQ :HLFKEURGWV HLQHQ 6WUHLFK
YROOIKUW VR VWLH‰ VLH GDUEHU HLQ JXWPWLJHV XQG YRU +HU]OLFKNHLW
EHLQDKHNODJHQGHV/DFKHQDXVELV6HVHPLDXIGHQ7LVFKSRFKWHXQG
VR HLQGULQJOLFK ª1HOO\© ULHI GD‰ HV ZLH ª1DOO\© NODQJ GDQQ
YHUVWXPPWHVLHHLQJHVFKFKWHUW
0DGDPH .HWKHOVHQ JHKRUFKWH LKUHU MQJHUHQ 6FKZHVWHU VLH OLH‰
VLFK YRQLKUDXVVFKHOWHQ ZLH HLQ .LQG XQG GLH 6DFKH ZDU GLH GD‰
6HVHPL VLH KHU]OLFK YHUDFKWHWH 7KHUHVH :HLFKEURGW ZDU HLQ
EHOHVHQHV MD EHLQDKH JHOHKUWHV 0lGFKHQ XQG KDWWH VLFK LKUHQ
.LQGHUJODXEHQ LKUH SRVLWLYH 5HOLJLRVLWlW XQG GLH =XYHUVLFKW GRUW
GUEHQHLQVWIULKUVFKZLHULJHVXQGJODQ]ORVHV/HEHQHQWVFKlGLJW]X
ZHUGHQLQHUQVWOLFKHQNOHLQHQ.lPSIHQEHZDKUHQPVVHQ0DGDPH
.HWKHOVHQ GDJHJHQ ZDU XQJHOHKUW XQVFKXOGLJ XQG HLQIlOWLJHQ
*HPWHV ª'LH JXWH 1HOO\© VDJWH 6HVHPL ª0HLQ *RWW VLH LVW HLQ


.LQG VLH LVW QLHPDOV DXI HLQHQ =ZHLIHO JHVWR‰HQ VLH KDW QLHPDOV
HLQHQ .DPSI ]X EHVWHKHQ JHKDEW VLH LVW JOFNOLFK«© ,Q VROFKHQ
:RUWHQODJHEHQVRYLHO *HULQJVFKlW]XQJ ZLH 1HLG XQG GDV ZDU HLQ
VFKZDFKHUZHQQDXFKYHU]HLKOLFKHU&KDUDNWHU]XJ6HVHPL¶V
'DVKRFKJHOHJHQH(UGJHVFKR‰GHV]LHJHOURWHQ9RUVWDGWKlXVFKHQV
GDVYRQHLQHPQHWWJHKDOWHQHQ*DUWHQXPJHEHQZDUZXUGHYRQGHQ
8QWHUULFKWVUlXPHQ XQG GHP 6SHLVH]LPPHU HLQJHQRPPHQ ZlKUHQG
VLFK LP REHUHQ 6WRFNZHUN XQG DXFK LP %RGHQUDXP GLH
6FKODI]LPPHU EHIDQGHQ 'LH =|JOLQJH )UlXOHLQ :HLFKEURGWV ZDUHQ
QLFKW ]DKOUHLFK GHQQ GLH 3HQVLRQ QDKP QXU JU|‰HUH 0lGFKHQ DXI
XQG EHVD‰ DXFK IU H[WHUQH 6FKOHULQQHQ QXU GLH GUHL HUVWHQ
6FKXONODVVHQDXFKVDK6HVHPLPLW6WUHQJHGDUDXIGD‰QXU7|FKWHU
DXV ]ZHLIHOORV YRUQHKPHQ )DPLOLHQ LQ LKU +DXV NDPHQ« 7RQ\
%XGGHQEURRNZDUGZLHDQJHGHXWHWPLW=lUWOLFKNHLWHPSIDQJHQMD
]XP $EHQGHVVHQKDWWH7KHUHVH¾%LVFKRI½ JHPDFKW HLQHQURWHQ XQG
V‰HQ 3XQVFK GHU NDOW JHWUXQNHQ ZDUG XQG DXI GHQ VLH VLFK PLW
0HLVWHUVFKDIW YHUVWDQG« ª1RFK HLQ EL‰FKHQ %HVFKDI"© IUDJWH VLH
PLW KHU]OLFKHP .RSIVFKWWHOQ« XQG GDV NODQJ VR DSSHWLWOLFK GD‰
QLHPDQGZLGHUVWDQG
)UlXOHLQ:HLFKEURGWVD‰DXI]ZHL6RIDNLVVHQDPREHUHQ(QGHGHU
7DIHO XQG EHKHUUVFKWH GLH 0DKO]HLW PLW 7DWNUDIW XQG 8PVLFKW VLH
ULFKWHWH LKU YHUZDFKVHQHV .|USHUFKHQ JDQ] VWUDPP HPSRU SRFKWH
ZDFKVDPDXIGHQ7LVFKULHIª1DOO\©XQGª%DEE\©XQGGHPWLJWH
0DGHPRLVHOOH 3RSLQHW PLW HLQHP %OLFNH ZHQQ GLHVH LP %HJULIIH
VWDQG VLFK DOOHV *HOHH GHV NDOWHQ .DOEVEUDWHQV DQ]XHLJQHQ 7RQ\
KDWWH LKUHQ 3ODW] LQPLWWHQ ]ZHLHU DQGHUHU 3HQVLRQlULQQHQ HUKDOWHQ
]ZLVFKHQ $UPJDUG YRQ 6FKLOOLQJ HLQHU EORQGHQ XQG VWlPPLJHQ
*XWVEHVLW]HUVWRFKWHUDXV0HFNOHQEXUJXQG*HUGD$UQROGVHQGLHLQ
$PVWHUGDP ]X +DXVH ZDU HLQHU HOHJDQWHQ XQG IUHPGDUWLJHQ
(UVFKHLQXQJ PLW VFKZHUHP GXQNHOURWHP +DDU QDKH
EHLHLQDQGHUOLHJHQGHQ EUDXQHQ $XJHQ XQG HLQHP ZHL‰HQ VFK|QHQ
HLQ ZHQLJ KRFKPWLJHQ *HVLFKW ,KU JHJHQEHU SODSSHUWH GLH
)UDQ]|VLQ GLH DXVVDK ZLH HLQH 1HJHULQ XQG XQJHKHXUH JROGHQH
2KUULQJH WUXJ $P XQWHUHQ 7LVFKHQGH VD‰ PLW VlXHUOLFKHP /lFKHOQ
GLH KDJHUH (QJOlQGHULQ 0LVV %URZQ GLH JOHLFKIDOOV LP +DXVH
ZRKQWH


0DQ EHIUHXQGHWH VLFK UDVFK PLW +LOIH YRQ 6HVHPL¶V ¾%LVFKRI½
0DGHPRLVHOOH3RSLQHWKDWWHLQGHUOHW]WHQ1DFKWZLHGHU$OSGUFNHQ
JHKDEW HU]lKOWH VLH« $K TXHOOH KRUUHXU 6LH SIOHJWH GDQQ ª8OIHQ
8OIHQ'LHEHQ'LHEHQ©]X UXIHQ GD‰DOOHVDXV GHP %HWWH VSUDQJ
)HUQHUVWHOOWHVLFKKHUDXVGD‰*HUGD$UQROGVHQQLFKW.ODYLHUVSLHOWH
ZLH GLH DQGHUHQ VRQGHUQ *HLJH XQG GD‰ 3DSD  LKUH 0XWWHU ZDU
QLFKW PHKU DP /HEHQ  LKU HLQH HFKWH 6WUDGLYDUL YHUVSURFKHQ KDEH
7RQ\ ZDU XQPXVLNDOLVFK GLH PHLVWHQ %XGGHQEURRNV XQG DOOH
.U|JHUVZDUHQHV6LHNRQQWHQLFKWHLQPDOGLH&KRUlOHHUNHQQHQGLH
LQGHU0DULHQNLUFKHJHVSLHOWZXUGHQ«2KGLH2UJHOLQGHU1LHXZH
.HUN]X$PVWHUGDPKDWWHHLQHYR[KXPDQDHLQH0HQVFKHQVWLPPH
GLH SUDFKWYROO NODQJ  $UPJDUG YRQ 6FKLOOLQJ HU]lKOWH YRQ GHQ
.KHQ]X+DXVH
'LHVH $UPJDUG KDWWH YRP HUVWHQ $XJHQEOLFNH DQ GHQ JU|‰WHQ
(LQGUXFN DXI 7RQ\ JHPDFKW XQG ]ZDU DOV GDV HUVWH DGHOLJH
0lGFKHQPLWGHPVLHLQ%HUKUXQJNDP9RQ6FKLOOLQJ]XKHL‰HQ
ZHOFKHLQ*OFN'LH(OWHUQKDWWHQGDVVFK|QVWHDOWH+DXVGHU6WDGW
XQG GLH *UR‰HOWHUQ ZDUHQ YRUQHKPH /HXWH DEHU VLH KLH‰HQ GRFK
JDQ] HLQIDFK ¾%XGGHQEURRN½ XQG ¾.U|JHU½ XQG GDV ZDU
DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK VFKDGH 'LH (QNHOLQ GHV QREOHQ /HEUHFKW .U|JHU
HUJOKWH LQ %HZXQGHUXQJ IU $UPJDUGV $GHO XQG LP JHKHLPHQ
GDFKWH VLH PDQFKPDO GD‰ IU VLH VHOEVW GLHVHV SUlFKWLJH ¾YRQ½
HLJHQWOLFK YLHO EHVVHU JHSD‰W KDEHQ ZUGH  GHQQ $UPJDUG PHLQ
*RWWVLHZX‰WHLKU*OFNQLFKWHLQPDO]XVFKlW]HQVLHJLQJXPKHU
PLW LKUHP GLFNHQ =RSI LKUHQ JXWPWLJHQ EODXHQ $XJHQ XQG LKUHU
EUHLWHQ PHFNOHQEXUJLVFKHQ $XVVSUDFKH XQG GDFKWH JDU QLFKW GDUDQ
VLH ZDU GXUFKDXV QLFKW YRUQHKP VLH PDFKWH QLFKW GHQ JHULQJVWHQ
$QVSUXFK GDUDXI VLH KDWWH NHLQHQ 6LQQ IU 9RUQHKPKHLW 'LHVHV
:RUW ¾YRUQHKP½ VD‰ HUVWDXQOLFK IHVW LQ 7RQ\¶V .|SIFKHQ XQG VLH
ZDQGWHHVPLWDQHUNHQQHQGHP1DFKGUXFNDXI*HUGD$UQROGVHQDQ
*HUGD ZDU HLQ ZHQLJ DSDUW XQG KDWWH HWZDV )UHPGHV XQG
$XVOlQGLVFKHVDQVLFKVLHOLHEWHHVLKUSUDFKWYROOHVURWHV+DDUWURW]
6HVHPL¶V (LQVSUXFK HWZDV DXIIDOOHQG ]X IULVLHUHQ XQG YLHOH IDQGHQ
HV ¾DOEHUQ½ GD‰ VLH GLH *HLJH VSLHOH  ZREHL ]X EHPHUNHQ LVW GD‰
¾DOEHUQ½ HLQHQ VHKU KDUWHQ $XVGUXFN GHU 9HUXUWHLOXQJ EHGHXWHWH
'DULQ MHGRFK PX‰WH PDQ PLW 7RQ\ EHUHLQVWLPPHQ GD‰ *HUGD
$UQROGVHQ HLQ YRUQHKPHV 0lGFKHQ ZDU ,KUH IU LKU $OWHU YROO


HQWZLFNHOWH (UVFKHLQXQJ LKUH *HZRKQKHLWHQ GLH 'LQJH GLH VLH
EHVD‰ DOOHV ZDU YRUQHKP ]XP %HLVSLHO GLH HOIHQEHLQHUQH
7RLOHWWHQHLQULFKWXQJ DXV 3DULV GLH 7RQ\ EHVRQGHUV ]X VFKlW]HQ
ZX‰WHGDVLFKDXFKEHLLKU]X+DXVHDOOHUOHL*HJHQVWlQGHYRUIDQGHQ
GLHLKUH(OWHUQRGHU*UR‰HOWHUQDXV3DULVPLWJHEUDFKWKDWWHQXQGVHKU
ZHUWKLHOWHQ
'LH GUHL MXQJHQ 0lGFKHQ VFKORVVHQ UDVFK HLQHQ
)UHXQGVFKDIWVEXQG VLH JHK|UWHQ GHU JOHLFKHQ 8QWHUULFKWVNODVVH DQ
XQGEHZRKQWHQJHPHLQVDPGHQJU|‰WHQGHU6FKODIUlXPHLPREHUHQ
6WRFNZHUN:HOFKHDPVDQWHQXQGEHKDJOLFKHQ6WXQGHQZDUHQGDV
ZHQQ PDQ XP ]HKQ 8KU ]XU 5XKH JLQJ XQG EHLP $XVNOHLGHQ
SODXGHUWH  PLW KDOEHU 6WLPPH QXU GHQQ QHEHQDQ EHJDQQ
0DGHPRLVHOOH 3RSLQHW YRQ 'LHEHQ ]X WUlXPHQ« 6LH VFKOLHI
]XVDPPHQ PLW GHU NOHLQHQ (YD (ZHUV HLQHU +DPEXUJHULQ GHUHQ
9DWHU HLQ .XQVWVFKZlUPHU XQG 6DPPOHU VLFK LQ 0QFKHQ
DQJHVLHGHOWKDWWH
'LHEUDXQJHVWUHLIWHQ5RXOHDXVZDUHQJHVFKORVVHQGLHQLHGULJHURW
YHUKOOWH /DPSH EUDQQWH DXI GHP 7LVFKH HLQ OHLVHU 'XIW QDFK
9HLOFKHQ XQG IULVFKHU :lVFKH HUIOOWH GDV =LPPHU XQG HLQH
JHPlFKOLFKH JHGlPSIWH 6WLPPXQJ YRQ 0GLJNHLW 6RUJORVLJNHLW
XQG7UlXPHUHL
ª0HLQ*RWW©VDJWH$UPJDUGGLHKDOEDXVJHNOHLGHWDXIGHP5DQGH
LKUHV%HWWHVVD‰ªZLHJHOlXILJ'RNWRU1HXPDQQVSULFKW(UNRPPW
LQGLH.ODVVHVWHOOWVLFKDQGHQ7LVFKXQGVSULFKWYRQ5DFLQH«©
ª(U KDW HLQH VFK|QH KRKH 6WLUQ© EHPHUNWH *HUGD ZlKUHQG VLH
VLFK YRU GHP 6SLHJHO ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ EHLGHQ )HQVWHUQ EHLP 6FKHLQ
]ZHLHU.HU]HQGLH+DDUHNlPPWH
ª-D© VDJWH $UPJDUG UDVFK ª8QG GX KDVW DXFK QXU YRQ LKP
DQJHIDQJHQ XP GDV ]X K|UHQ ]X EHNRPPHQ $UPJDUG GHQQ GX
EOLFNVWLKQEHVWlQGLJPLWGHLQHQEODXHQ$XJHQDQDOVRE«©
ª/LHEVWGXLKQ"©IUDJWH7RQ\ª0HLQ6FKXKEDQGJHKWHLQIDFKQLFKW
DXI ELWWH *HUGD« VR QXQ /LHEVW GX LKQ $UPJDUG" +HLUDWH LKQ
GRFKHVLVWHLQHVHKUJXWH3DUWLHHUZLUG3URIHVVRUDP*\PQDVLXP
ZHUGHQ©
ª*RWW LKU VHLG VFKHX‰OLFK ,FK OLHEH LKQ JDU QLFKW ,FK ZHUGH
VLFKHUOLFKNHLQHQ/HKUHUKHLUDWHQVRQGHUQHLQHQ/DQGPDQQ«©


ª(LQHQ $GOLJHQ"© 7RQ\ OLH‰ GHQ 6WUXPSI VLQNHQ GHQ VLH LQ GHU
+DQGKLHOWXQGEOLFNWHJHGDQNHQYROOLQ$UPJDUGV*HVLFKW
ª'DV ZHL‰ LFK QRFK QLFKW DEHU HLQ JUR‰HV *XW PX‰ HU KDEHQ«
$FK ZLH IUHXH LFK PLFK GDUDXI .LQGHU ,FK ZHUGH XP IQI 8KU
DXIVWHKHQXQGZLUWVFKDIWHQ«©6LH]RJGLH%HWWGHFNHEHUVLFKXQG
VDKWUlXPHQG]XP3ODIRQGHPSRU
ª9RU LKUHP JHLVWLJHQ $XJH VWHKHQ IQIKXQGHUW .KH© VSUDFK
*HUGDXQGEHWUDFKWHWHLKUH)UHXQGLQLP6SLHJHO
7RQ\ZDUQRFKQLFKWIHUWLJDEHUVLHOLH‰LKUHQ.RSILPYRUDXVDXIV
.LVVHQ VLQNHQ YHUVFKUlQNWH GLH +lQGH LP 1DFNHQ XQG EHWUDFKWHWH
DXFKLKUHUVHLWVVLQQHQGGLH=LPPHUGHFNHª,FKZHUGHQDWUOLFKHLQHQ
.DXIPDQQKHLUDWHQ©VDJWHVLHª(UPX‰UHFKWYLHO*HOGKDEHQGDPLW
ZLUXQVYRUQHKPHLQULFKWHQN|QQHQGDVELQLFKPHLQHU)DPLOLHXQG
GHU)LUPDVFKXOGLJ©IXJWHVLHHUQVWKDIWKLQ]Xª-DLKUVROOWVHKQGDV
ZHUGHLFKVFKRQPDFKHQ©
*HUGD KDWWH LKUH 6FKODIIULVXU EHHQGHW XQG SXW]WH LKUH EUHLWHQ
ZHL‰HQ =lKQH ZREHL VLH VLFK LKUHV HOIHQEHLQHUQHQ +DQGVSLHJHOV
EHGLHQWH ª,FK ZHUGH ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK JDU QLFKW KHLUDWHQ© VDJWH VLH
HLQZHQLJPKVDPGHQQGDV3IHIIHUPLQ]SXOYHUEHKLQGHUWHVLHª,FK
VHKHQLFKWHLQZDUXP,FKKDEHJDUNHLQH/XVWGD]X,FKJHKHQDFK
$PVWHUGDP XQG VSLHOH 'XRV PLW 3DSD XQG OHEH VSlWHU EHL PHLQHU
YHUKHLUDWHWHQ6FKZHVWHU«©
ª:LH VFKDGH© ULHI 7RQ\ OHEKDIW ª1HLQ ZLH VFKDGH *HUGD 'X
VROOWHVWGLFKKLHUYHUKHLUDWHQXQGLPPHUKLHUEOHLEHQ«+|UHPDOGX
VROOWHVW]XP%HLVSLHOHLQHQYRQPHLQHQ%UGHUQKHLUDWHQ«©
ª'HQ PLW GHU JUR‰HQ 1DVH"© IUDJWH *HUGD XQG JlKQWH PLW HLQHP
NOHLQHQ ]LHUOLFKHQ XQG QDFKOlVVLJHQ 6HXI]HU ZREHL VLH GHQ
+DQGVSLHJHO YRU GHQ 0XQG KLHOW ª2GHU GHQ DQGHUHQ GDV LVW MD
JOHLFKJOWLJ«*RWWZLHLKUHXFKHLQULFKWHQZUGHW-DFREVP‰WHHV
PDFKHQ 7DSH]LHUHU -DFREV LQ GHU )LVFKVWUD‰H HU KDW HLQHQ
YRUQHKPHQ*HVFKPDFN,FKZUGHWlJOLFK]X%HVXFKNRPPHQ«©
$EHU GDQQ OLH‰ VLFK 0DGHPRLVHOOH 3RSLQHWV 6WLPPH YHUQHKPHQ
ª$K YR\RQVPHVGDPHV ]X %HWWH V¶LO YRXV SODLW 6LH ZHUGHQ VLFK
KHXWHDEHQGQLFKWPHKUYHUKHLUDWHQ©
'LH6RQQWDJHDEHUXQGGLH)HULHQYHUOHEWH7RQ\LQGHU0HQJVWUD‰H
RGHU GUDX‰HQ EHL GHQ *UR‰HOWHUQ :HOFK *OFN ZHQQ DP


2VWHUVRQQWDJJXWHV:HWWHUZDUXQGPDQGLH(LHUXQG0DU]LSDQKDVHQ
LQ GHP XQJHKHXUHQ .U|JHU¶VFKHQ *DUWHQ VXFKHQ NRQQWH :HOFKH
6RPPHUIHULHQ DQ GHU 6HH ZHQQ PDQ LP .XUKDXVH ZRKQWH DQ GHU
7DEOHG¶KyWHVSHLVWH EDGHWH XQG (VHO ULWW $XFK ZXUGHQ LQ HLQLJHQ
-DKUHQ ZHQQ GHU .RQVXO *HVFKlIWH JHPDFKW 5HLVHQ YRQ JU|‰HUHU
$XVGHKQXQJ XQWHUQRPPHQ $EHU ZHOFK :HLKQDFKWVIHVW YRU DOOHP
PLW GUHL %HVFKHUXQJHQ ]X +DXVH EHL GHQ *UR‰HOWHUQ XQG EHL
6HVHPLZRVHOEVWDQGLHVHP$EHQGGHU¾%LVFKRI½LQ6WU|PHQIOR‰«
$PKHUUOLFKVWHQDEHUZDUGHQQRFKGHU:HLKQDFKWVDEHQG]X+DXVH
GHQQGHU.RQVXOKLHOWGDUDXIGD‰GDV+HLOLJH&KULVWIHVWPLW:HLKH
*ODQ] XQG 6WLPPXQJ EHJDQJHQ ZDUG :HQQ PDQ LQ WLHIHU
)HLHUOLFKNHLW LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU YHUVDPPHOW ZDU ZlKUHQG GLH
'LHQVWERWHQXQGDOOHUOHLDOWHXQGDUPH/HXWHGHQHQGHU.RQVXOGLH
EODXURWHQ +lQGH GUFNWH VLFK LQ GHU 6lXOHQKDOOH GUlQJWHQ GDQQ
HUVFKROOGRUWGUDX‰HQYLHUVWLPPLJHU*HVDQJGHQGLH&KRUNQDEHQGHU
0DULHQNLUFKH YROOIKUWHQ XQG PDQ EHNDP +HU]NORSIHQ VR IHVWOLFK
ZDUHV
'DQQ ZlKUHQG VFKRQ GXUFK GLH 6SDOWHQ GHU KRKHQ ZHL‰HQ
)OJHOWU GHU 7DQQHQGXIW GUDQJ YHUODV GLH .RQVXOLQ DXV GHU DOWHQ
)DPLOLHQELEHO PLW GHQ XQJHKHXHUOLFKHQ %XFKVWDEHQ ODQJVDP GDV
:HLKQDFKWVNDSLWHO XQG ZDU GUDX‰HQ QRFK HLQ *HVDQJ YHUNOXQJHQ
VR VWLPPWH PDQ ª2 7DQQHQEDXP© DQ ZlKUHQG PDQ VLFK LQ
IHLHUOLFKHP 8P]JH GXUFK GLH 6lXOHQKDOOH LQ GHQ 6DDO EHJDE GHQ
ZHLWHQ6DDOPLWGHQ6WDWXHQLQGHU7DSHWHZRGHUPLWZHL‰HQ/LOLHQ
JHVFKPFNWH %DXP IOLPPHUQG OHXFKWHQG XQG GXIWHQG ]XU 'HFNH
UDJWHXQGGLH*HVFKHQNWDIHOYRQGHQ)HQVWHUQELV]XU7UUHLFKWH
$EHU GUDX‰HQ DXI GHP KDUWJHIURUHQHQ 6FKQHH GHU 6WUD‰HQ
PXVL]LHUWHQGLHLWDOLHQLVFKHQ'UHKRUJHOPlQQHUXQGYRP0DUNWSODW]
VFKROOGHU7UXEHOGHV:HLKQDFKWVPDUNWHVKHUEHU$X‰HUGHUNOHLQHQ
&ODUDEHWHLOLJWHQVLFKDXFKGLH.LQGHUDQGHPVSlWHQ$EHQGHVVHQLQ
GHU 6lXOHQKDOOH EHL GHP HV .DUSIHQ XQG JHIOOWHQ 3XWHU LQ
EHUJHZDOWLJHQ0HQJHQJDE«
+LHU LVW ]X HUZlKQHQ GD‰ 7RQ\ %XGGHQEURRN LQ GLHVHQ -DKUHQ
]ZHL PHFNOHQEXUJLVFKH *WHU EHVXFKWH (LQ SDDU 6RPPHUZRFKHQ
YHUOHEWH VLH PLW LKUHU )UHXQGLQ $UPJDUG DXI GHP %HVLW]WXP GHV
+HUUQYRQ6FKLOOLQJGDV7UDYHPQGHJHJHQEHUMHQVHLWVGHU%XFKW
DQGHU.VWHODJ8QGHLQDQGHUHV0DOUHLVWHVLHPLW&RXVLQH7KLOGD


GRUWKLQZR+HUU%HUQKDUGW%XGGHQEURRN,QVSHNWRUZDU'LHVHV*XW
KLH‰ ¾8QJQDGH½ XQG EUDFKWH QLFKW HLQHQ +HOOHU HLQ DEHU DOV
)HULHQDXIHQWKDOWZDUHVWURW]GHPQLFKW]XYHUDFKWHQ
6R ZDQGHUWHQ GLH -DKUH YRUEHL XQG HV ZDU DOOHV LQ DOOHP HLQH
JOFNOLFKH-XJHQG]HLWGLH7RQ\YHUOHEWH


'5,77(57(,/

(UVWHV.DSLWHO

.XU] QDFK IQI 8KU HLQHV -XQL1DFKPLWWDJHV VD‰ PDQ YRU GHP
¾3RUWDOH½LP*DUWHQZRVHOEVWPDQ.DIIHHJHWUXQNHQKDWWH'ULQQHQ
LQ GHP ZHL‰JHWQFKWHQ 5DXP GHV *DUWHQKDXVHV PLW GHP KRKHQ
:DQGVSLHJHOGHVVHQ)OlFKHPLWIODWWHUQGHQ9|JHOQEHPDOWZDUXQG
GHQ EHLGHQ ODFNLHUWHQ )OJHOWUHQ LP +LQWHUJUXQGH GLH JHQDX
EHWUDFKWHWJDUNHLQH7UHQZDUHQXQGQXUJHPDOWH.OLQNHQEHVD‰HQ
ZDU GLH /XIW ]X ZDUP XQG GXPSILJ XQG PDQ KDWWH GLH DXV
NQRUULJHPJHEHL]WHP+RO]HOHLFKWJHDUEHLWHWHQ0|EHOKLQDXVJHVWHOOW
,P +DOENUHLVH VD‰HQ GHU .RQVXO VHLQH *DWWLQ 7RQ\ 7RP XQG
.ORWKLOGH XP GHQ UXQGHQ JHGHFNWHQ 7LVFK DXI GHP GDV EHQXW]WH
6HUYLFH VFKLPPHUWH ZlKUHQG &KULVWLDQ HLQ ZHQLJ VHLWZlUWV PLW
HLQHP XQJOFNOLFKHQ *HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN &LFHUR¶V ]ZHLWH
&DWLOLQDULVFKH 5HGH SUlSDULHUWH 'HU .RQVXO ZDU PLW VHLQHU =LJDUUH
XQG GHQ ¾$Q]HLJHQ½ EHVFKlIWLJW 'LH .RQVXOLQ KDWWH LKUH
6HLGHQVWLFNHUHLVLQNHQODVVHQXQGVDKOlFKHOQGGHUNOHLQHQ&ODUD]X
GLHPLW,GD-XQJPDQQDXIGHP5DVHQSODW]9HLOFKHQVXFKWHGHQQHV
JDE ]XZHLOHQ 9HLOFKHQ GRUW 7RQ\ KDWWH GHQ .RSI LQ EHLGH +lQGH
JHVWW]W XQG ODV YHUVXQNHQ LQ +RIIPDQQV ¾6HUDSLRQVEUGHUQ½
ZlKUHQG 7RP VLH PLW HLQHP *UDVKDOP JDQ] YRUVLFKWLJ LP 1DFNHQ
NLW]HOWH ZDV VLH DXV .OXJKHLW DEHU GXUFKDXV QLFKW EHPHUNWH 8QG
.ORWKLOGH GLH PDJHU XQG lOWOLFK LQ LKUHP JHEOPWHQ .DWWXQNOHLGH
GDVD‰ ODV HLQH (U]lKOXQJ ZHOFKH GHQ 7LWHO WUXJ ¾%OLQG WDXE
VWXPP XQG GHQQRFK JOFNVHOLJ½ ]ZLVFKHQGXUFK VFKDEWH VLH GLH
%LVNXLWUHVWH DXI GHP 7LVFKWXFKH ]XVDPPHQ ZRUDXI VLH GDV
+lXIFKHQPLWDOOHQIQI)LQJHUQHUJULIIXQGEHKXWVDPYHU]HKUWH
'HU+LPPHODQGHPXQEHZHJOLFKHLQSDDUZHL‰H:RONHQVWDQGHQ
EHJDQQ ODQJVDP EODVVHU ]X ZHUGHQ 'DV 6WDGWJlUWFKHQ ODJ PLW
V\PPHWULVFKDQJHOHJWHQ:HJHQXQG%HHWHQEXQWXQGUHLQOLFKLQGHU
1DFKPLWWDJVVRQQH'HU'XIWGHU5HVHGHQGLHGLH%HHWHXPVlXPWHQ
NDPGDQQXQGZDQQGXUFKGLH/XIWGDKHU
ª1D7RP©VDJWHGHU.RQVXOJXWJHODXQWXQGQDKPGLH=LJDUUHDXV
GHP 0XQG ªGLH 5RJJHQDQJHOHJHQKHLWHQ PLW ¾YDQ +HQNGRP
&RPS½YRQGHULFKGLUHU]lKOWHDUUDQJLHUWVLFK©
ª:DVJLEWHU"©IUDJWH7KRPDVLQWHUHVVLHUWXQGK|UWHDXI7RQ\]X
SODJHQ
ª6HFK]LJ7DOHUIUWDXVHQG.LOR«QLFKWEHOZLH"©
ª'DVLVWYRU]JOLFK©7RPZX‰WHGD‰GLHVHLQVHKUJXWHV*HVFKlIW
ZDU
ª7RQ\ GHLQH +DOWXQJ LVW QLFKW FRPPH LO IDXW© EHPHUNWH GLH
.RQVXOLQ ZRUDXI 7RQ\ RKQH GLH $XJHQ YRQ LKUHP %XFKH ]X
HUKHEHQHLQHQ(OOERJHQYRP7LVFKHQDKP
ª'DVVFKDGHWQLFKWV©VDJWH7RPª6LHNDQQVLW]HQZLHVLHZLOOVLH
EOHLEWLPPHU7RQ\%XGGHQEURRN7KLOGDXQGVLHVLQGXQVWUHLWLJGLH
6FK|QVWHQLQGHU)DPLOLH©
.ORWKLOGH ZDU ]XP 6WHUEHQ HUVWDXQW ª*RWW 7RP "© PDFKWH VLH
XQGHVZDUXQEHJUHLIOLFKZLHODQJVLHGLHVHNXU]HQ6LOEHQ]X]LHKHQ
YHUPRFKWH7RQ\GXOGHWHVFKZHLJHQGGHQQ7RPZDULKUEHUOHJHQ
GDKDOIQLFKWVHUZUGHZLHGHUHLQH$QWZRUWILQGHQXQGGLH/DFKHU
DXI VHLQHU 6HLWH KDEHQ 6LH ]RJ QXU PLW JH|IIQHWHQ 1DVHQIOJHOQ
KHIWLJ GLH /XIW HLQ XQG KRE GLH 6FKXOWHUQ HPSRU $OV DEHU GLH
.RQVXOLQ YRQ GHP EHYRUVWHKHQGHQ %DOO EHL .RQVXO +XQHXV ]X
VSUHFKHQEHJDQQXQGHWZDVEHUQHXH/DFNVFKXKHIDOOHQOLH‰QDKP
7RQ\DXFKGHQDQGHUHQ(OOERJHQYRP7LVFKXQG]HLJWHVLFKOHEKDIW
EHLGHU6DFKH
ª,KU UHGHW XQG UHGHW© ULHI &KULVWLDQ NOlJOLFK ªXQG GLHV LVW VR
IUFKWHUOLFKVFKZHU,FKZROOWHLFKZlUHDXFK.DXIPDQQ©
ª-DGXZLOOVWMHGHQ7DJHWZDVDQGHUHV©VDJWH7RP+LHUDXINDP
$QWRQEHUGHQ+RIHUNDPPLWHLQHU.DUWHDXIGHP7HHEUHWWXQG
PDQVDKLKPHUZDUWXQJVYROOHQWJHJHQ
ª*UQOLFK $JHQW© ODV GHU .RQVXO ª$XV +DPEXUJ (LQ
DQJHQHKPHU JXW HPSIRKOHQHU 0DQQ HLQ 3DVWRUVVRKQ ,FK KDEH
*HVFKlIWHPLWLKP(VLVWGDHLQH6DFKH«6DJHGHP+HUUQ$QWRQ
HVLVWGLUUHFKW%HWKV\"HUP|JHVLFKKLHUKHUEHPKHQ«©
'XUFK GHQ *DUWHQ NDP +XW XQG 6WRFN LQ GHUVHOEHQ +DQG PLW
]LHPOLFK NXU]HQ 6FKULWWHQ XQG HWZDV YRUJHVWUHFNWHP .RSI HLQ


PLWWHOJUR‰HU 0DQQ YRQ HWZD ]ZHLXQGGUHL‰LJ -DKUHQ LQ HLQHP
JUQJHOEHQ ZROOLJHQ XQG ODQJVFK|‰LJHQ $Q]XJ XQG JUDXHQ
=ZLUQKDQGVFKXKHQ6HLQ*HVLFKWXQWHUGHPKHOOEORQGHQVSlUOLFKHQ
+DXSWKDDUZDUURVLJXQGOlFKHOWHQHEHQGHPHLQHQ1DVHQIOJHODEHU
EHIDQG VLFK HLQH DXIIlOOLJH :DU]H (U WUXJ .LQQ XQG 2EHUOLSSH
JODWWUDVLHUW XQG OLH‰ GHQ %DFNHQEDUW QDFK HQJOLVFKHU 0RGH ODQJ
KLQXQWHUKlQJHQGLHVH)DYRULVZDUHQYRQDXVJHVSURFKHQJROGJHOEHU
)DUEH  6FKRQ YRQ ZHLWHP YROOIKUWH HU PLW VHLQHP JUR‰HQ
KHOOJUDXHQ+XWHLQH*HElUGHGHU(UJHEHQKHLW«
0LWHLQHPOHW]WHQVHKUODQJHQ6FKULWWHWUDWHUKHUDQLQGHPHUPLW
GHP2EHUN|USHUHLQHQ+DOENUHLVEHVFKULHEXQGVLFKDXIGLHVH:HLVH
YRU DOOHQ YHUEHXJWH ª,FK VW|UH LFK WUHWH LQ HLQHQ )DPLOLHQNUHLV©
VSUDFKHUPLWZHLFKHU6WLPPHXQGIHLQHU=XUFNKDOWXQJ ª0DQ KDW
JXWH %FKHU ]XU +DQG JHQRPPHQ PDQ SODXGHUW« ,FK PX‰ XP
9HU]HLKXQJELWWHQ©
ª6LH VLQG ZLOONRPPHQ PHLQ ZHUWHU +HUU *UQOLFK© VDJWH GHU
.RQVXO GHU VLFK ZLH VHLQH EHLGHQ 6|KQH HUKREHQ KDWWH XQG GHP
*DVWH GLH +DQG GUFNWH ª,FK IUHXH PLFK 6LH DXFK DX‰HUKDOE GHV
.RQWRUV XQG LP .UHLVH PHLQHU )DPLOLH EHJU‰HQ ]X N|QQHQ +HUU
*UQOLFK%HWKV\PHLQZDFNHUHU*HVFKlIWVIUHXQG«0HLQH7RFKWHU
$QWRQLH«0HLQH1LFKWH.ORWKLOGH«6LHNHQQHQ7KRPDVEHUHLWV«
'DVLVWPHLQ]ZHLWHU6RKQ&KULVWLDQHLQ*\PQDVLDVW©
+HUU *UQOLFK KDWWH ZLHGHUXP DXI MHGHQ 1DPHQ PLW HLQHU
9HUEHXJXQJJHDQWZRUWHWª:LHJHVDJW©IXKUHUIRUWªLFKKDEHQLFKW
GLH $EVLFKW GHQ (LQGULQJOLQJ ]X VSLHOHQ« ,FK NRPPH LQ
*HVFKlIWHQXQGZHQQLFKGHQ+HUUQ.RQVXOHUVXFKHQGUIWHHLQHQ
*DQJPLWPLUGXUFKGHQ*DUWHQ]XWXQ«©
'LH .RQVXOLQ DQWZRUWHWH ª6LH HUZHLVHQ XQV HLQH
/LHEHQVZUGLJNHLW ZHQQ 6LH QLFKW VRIRUW PLW PHLQHP 0DQQH YRQ
*HVFKlIWHQ UHGHQ VRQGHUQ HLQ :HLOFKHQ PLW XQVHUHU *HVHOOVFKDIW
IUOLHEQHKPHQZROOWHQ1HKPHQ6LH3ODW]©
ª7DXVHQG'DQN©VDJWH+HUU*UQOLFKEHZHJW+LHUDXIOLH‰HUVLFK
DXI GHP 5DQGH GHV 6WXKOHV QLHGHU GHQ 7RP KHUEHLJHEUDFKW KDWWH
VHW]WH VLFK +XW XQG 6WRFN DXI GHQ .QLHQ ]XUHFKW VWULFK PLW GHU
+DQGEHUVHLQHQHLQHQ%DFNHQEDUWXQGOLH‰HLQ+VWHOQYHUQHKPHQ


GDV XQJHIlKU NODQJ ZLH ª+llKP© 'LHV DOOHV PDFKWH GHQ
(LQGUXFNDOVZROOWHHUVDJHQ¾'DVZlUHGLH(LQOHLWXQJ:DVQXQ"½
'LH.RQVXOLQ HU|IIQHWH GHQ +DXSWWHLO GHU 8QWHUKDOWXQJ ª6LH VLQG
LQ +DPEXUJ ]X +DXVH"© IUDJWH VLH LQGHP VLH GHQ .RSI ]XU 6HLWH
QHLJWHXQGLKUH$UEHLWLP6FKR‰HUXKHQOLH‰
ª$OOHUGLQJV )UDX .RQVXOLQ© HQWJHJQHWH +HUU *UQOLFK PLW HLQHU
QHXHQ9HUEHXJXQJª,FKKDEHPHLQHQ:RKQVLW]LQ+DPEXUJDOOHLQ
LFK ELQ YLHO XQWHUZHJV LFK ELQ VWDUN EHVFKlIWLJW PHLQ *HVFKlIW LVW
HLQDX‰HURUGHQWOLFKUHJHV«KllKPMDGDVGDUILFKVDJHQ©
'LH .RQVXOLQ ]RJ GLH %UDXHQ HPSRU XQG PDFKWH HLQH
0XQGEHZHJXQJDOVVDJWHVLHPLWUHVSHNWYROOHU%HWRQXQJ¾6R"½
ª5DVWORVH 7lWLJNHLW LVW IU PLFK /HEHQVEHGLQJXQJ© VHW]WH +HUU
*UQOLFK KDOE ]XP .RQVXO JHZHQGHW KLQ]X XQG HU KVWHOWH DXIV
QHXHDOVHUGHQ%OLFNEHPHUNWHGHQ)UlXOHLQ$QWRQLHDXILKPUXKHQ
OLH‰ GLHVHQ NDOWHQ XQG PXVWHUQGHQ %OLFN PLW GHP MXQJH 0lGFKHQ
IUHPGH MXQJH +HUUHQ PHVVHQ XQG GHVVHQ $XVGUXFN MHGHQ
$XJHQEOLFNEHUHLWVFKHLQWLQ9HUDFKWXQJEHU]XJHKHQ
ª:LUKDEHQ9HUZDQGWHLQ+DPEXUJ©EHPHUNWH7RQ\XPHWZDV]X
VDJHQ
ª'LH'XFKDPSV©HUNOlUWHGHU.RQVXOªGLH)DPLOLHPHLQHUVHOLJHQ
0XWWHU©
ª2KLFKELQYROONRPPHQRULHQWLHUW©EHHLOWHVLFK+HUU*UQOLFK]X
HUZLGHUQ ª,FK KDEH GLH (KUH HLQ ZHQLJ EHL GHQ +HUUVFKDIWHQ
EHNDQQW ]X VHLQ (V VLQG DXVJH]HLFKQHWH 0HQVFKHQ LQVJHVDPW
0HQVFKHQYRQ+HU]XQG*HLVWKllKP,QGHU7DWZHQQLQDOOHQ
)DPLOLHQ HLQ *HLVW KHUUVFKWH ZLH LQ GLHVHU VR VWQGH HV EHVVHU XP
GLH :HOW +LHU ILQGHW PDQ *RWWHVJODXEH 0LOGKHU]LJNHLW LQQLJH
)U|PPLJNHLWNXU]GLHZDKUH&KULVWOLFKNHLWGLHPHLQ,GHDOLVWXQG
GDPLW YHUELQGHQ GLHVH +HUUVFKDIWHQ HLQH HGOH :HLWOlXILJNHLW HLQH
9RUQHKPKHLW HLQH JOlQ]HQGH (OHJDQ] )UDX .RQVXOLQ GLH PLFK
SHUV|QOLFKQXQHLQPDOFKDUPLHUW©
7RQ\GDFKWH:RKHUNHQQWHUPHLQH(OWHUQ"(UVDJWLKQHQZDVVLH
K|UHQZROOHQ«
'HU .RQVXO DEHU VSUDFK EHLIlOOLJ ª'LHVH GRSSHOWH
*HVFKPDFNVULFKWXQJNOHLGHWMHGHQ0DQQDXIVEHVWH©


8QGGLH.RQVXOLQNRQQWHQLFKWXPKLQGHP*DVWHPLWHLQHPOHLVHQ
.OLUUHQ GHV $UPEDQGHV GLH +DQG ]X UHLFKHQ GHUHQ )OlFKH VLH LQ
KHU]OLFKHU :HLVH JDQ] ZHLW KHUXPGUHKWH ª6LH UHGHQ PLU DXV GHU
6HHOHPHLQZHUWHU+HUU*UQOLFK©VDJWHVLH
+LHUDXI YHUEHXJWH VLFK +HUU *UQOLFK VHW]WH VLFK ]XUHFKW VWULFK
EHUVHLQHQ%DFNHQEDUWXQGKVWHOWHDOVZROOWHHUVDJHQ¾)DKUHQZLU
IRUW½
'LH .RQVXOLQ OLH‰ HLQ SDDU :RUWH IDOOHQ EHU GLH IU +HUUQ
*UQOLFKV9DWHUVWDGWVRIXUFKWEDUHQ]ZHLXQGYLHU]LJHU0DLWDJH«
ª,Q GHU 7DW© EHPHUNWH +HUU *UQOLFK ªHLQ VFKZHUHV 8QJOFN
HLQH EHWUEHQGH +HLPVXFKXQJ GLHVHU %UDQG (LQ 6FKDGHQ YRQ
KXQGHUWIQIXQGGUHL‰LJ 0LOOLRQHQ MD GDV LVW ]LHPOLFK JHQDX
EHUHFKQHW hEULJHQV ELQ LFK PHLQHUVHLWV GHU 9RUVHKXQJ ]X KRKHP
'DQN YHUSIOLFKWHW« LFK ELQ QLFKW LP JHULQJVWHQ JHWURIIHQ ZRUGHQ
'DV)HXHUZWHWHKDXSWVlFKOLFKLQGHQ.LUFKVSLHOHQ6DQNW3HWULXQG
1LNRODL«:HOFKUHL]HQGHU*DUWHQ©XQWHUEUDFKHUVLFKZlKUHQGHU
VLFK GDQNHQG PLW HLQHU =LJDUUH GHV .RQVXOV EHGLHQWH ªGRFK IU
HLQHQ 6WDGWJDUWHQ LVW HU XQJHZ|KQOLFK JUR‰ 8QG ZHOFK IDUELJHU
%OXPHQIORU« RK PHLQ *RWW LFK JHVWHKH PHLQH 6FKZlFKH IU
%OXPHQXQGIUGLH1DWXULPDOOJHPHLQHQ'LHVH.ODWVFKURVHQGRUW
GUEHQSXW]HQJDQ]XQJHPHLQ«©
+HUU*UQOLFKOREWHGLHYRUQHKPH$QODJHGHV+DXVHVHUOREWHGLH
JDQ]H 6WDGW EHUKDXSW HU OREWH DXFK GLH =LJDUUH GHV .RQVXOV XQG
KDWWHIUMHGHQHLQOLHEHQVZUGLJHV:RUWª'DUILFKHVZDJHQPLFK
QDFK,KUHU/HNWUH]XHUNXQGLJHQ0DGHPRLVHOOH$QWRQLH"©IUDJWHHU
OlFKHOQG
7RQ\]RJDXVLUJHQGHLQHP*UXQGHSO|W]OLFKGLH%UDXHQ]XVDPPHQ
XQG DQWZRUWHWH RKQH +HUUQ *UQOLFK DQ]XEOLFNHQ ª+RIIPDQQV
¾6HUDSLRQVEUGHU½©
ª,Q GHU 7DW 'LHVHU 6FKULIWVWHOOHU KDW +HUYRUUDJHQGHV JHOHLVWHW©
EHPHUNWH HU ª$EHU XP 9HUJHEXQJ« LFK YHUJD‰ GHQ 1DPHQ ,KUHV
]ZHLWHQ+HUUQ6RKQHV)UDX.RQVXOLQ©
ª&KULVWLDQ©
ª(LQ VFK|QHU 1DPH ,FK OLHEH ZHQQ LFK GDV DXVVSUHFKHQ GDUI© 
XQG +HUU *UQOLFK ZDQGWH VLFK ZLHGHU DQ GHQ +DXVKHUUQ  ªGLH
1DPHQ ZHOFKH VFKRQ DQ XQG IU VLFK HUNHQQHQ ODVVHQ GD‰ LKU


7UlJHU HLQ &KULVW LVW ,Q ,KUHU )DPLOLH LVW ZLH LFK ZHL‰ GHU 1DPH
-RKDQQHUEOLFK«ZHUGlFKWHGDEHLQLFKWDQGHQ/LHEOLQJVMQJHUGHV
+HUUQ ,FK ]XP %HLVSLHO ZHQQ LFK PLU GLHVH %HPHUNXQJ JHVWDWWHQ
GDUI©IXKUHUPLW%HUHGVDPNHLWIRUWªKHL‰HZLHGLHPHLVWHQPHLQHU
9RUIDKUHQ %HQGL[  HLQ 1DPH GHU MD QXU DOV HLQH PXQGDUWOLFKH
=XVDPPHQ]LHKXQJ YRQ %HQHGLNW ]X EHWUDFKWHQ LVW 8QG 6LH OHVHQ
+HUU%XGGHQEURRN"$K&LFHUR(LQHVFKZLHULJH/HNWUHGLH:HUNH
GLHVHV JUR‰HQ U|PLVFKHQ 5HGQHUV 4XRXVTXH WDQGHP &DWLOLQD«
KllKP MD LFK KDEH PHLQ /DWHLQ JOHLFKIDOOV QRFK QLFKW Y|OOLJ
YHUJHVVHQ©
'HU .RQVXO VDJWH ª,FK KDEH LP *HJHQVDW]H ]X PHLQHP VHOLJHQ
9DWHU LPPHU PHLQH (LQZlQGH JHKDEW JHJHQ GLHVH IRUWZlKUHQGH
%HVFKlIWLJXQJ GHU MXQJHQ .|SIH PLW GHP *ULHFKLVFKHQ XQG
/DWHLQLVFKHQ (V JLEW VR YLHOH HUQVWH XQG ZLFKWLJH 'LQJH GLH ]XU
9RUEHUHLWXQJDXIGDVSUDNWLVFKH/HEHQQ|WLJVLQG«©
ª6LHVSUHFKHQPHLQH0HLQXQJDXV+HUU.RQVXO©EHHLOWHVLFK+HUU
*UQOLFK]XDQWZRUWHQªEHYRULFKLKU:RUWHYHUOHLKHQNRQQWH(LQH
VFKZLHULJH XQG ZLH LFK KLQ]X]XIJHQ YHUJD‰ QLFKW XQDQIHFKWEDUH
/HNWUH 9RQ DOOHP DEJHVHKHQ HULQQHUH LFK PLFK HLQLJHU GLUHNW
DQVW|‰LJHU6WHOOHQLQGLHVHQ5HGHQ«©
$OV HLQH 3DXVH HQWVWDQG GDFKWH 7RQ\ -HW]W NRPPH LFK DQ GLH
5HLKH'HQQ+HUUQ*UQOLFKV%OLFNHUXKWHQDXILKU8QGULFKWLJVLH
NDP DQ GLH 5HLKH +HUU *UQOLFK QlPOLFK VFKQHOOWH SO|W]OLFK HLQ
ZHQLJDXIVHLQHP6LW]HHPSRUPDFKWHHLQHNXU]HNUDPSIKDIWHXQG
GHQQRFK HOHJDQWH +DQGEHZHJXQJ QDFK GHU 6HLWH GHU .RQVXOLQ XQG
IOVWHUWH KHIWLJ ª,FK ELWWH 6LH )UDX .RQVXOLQ EHDFKWHQ 6LH"  ,FK
EHVFKZ|UH6LHPHLQ)UlXOHLQ©XQWHUEUDFKHUVLFKODXWDOVRE7RQ\
QXUGLHVYHUVWHKHQVROOWHªEOHLEHQ6LHQRFKHLQHQ0RPHQWLQGLHVHU
6WHOOXQJ«%HDFKWHQ6LH©IXKUHUZLHGHUIOVWHUQGIRUWªZLHGLH
6RQQH LQ GHP +DDUH ,KUHV )UlXOHLQ 7RFKWHU VSLHOW"  ,FK KDEH
QLHPDOV VFK|QHUHV +DDU JHVHKHQ© VSUDFK HU SO|W]OLFK HUQVW YRU
(QW]FNHQLQGLH/XIWKLQHLQDOVREHU]X*RWWRGHUVHLQHP+HU]HQ
UHGHWH
'LH.RQVXOLQOlFKHOWHZRKOJHIlOOLJGHU.RQVXOVDJWHª6HW]HQ6LH
GHU 'LUQ NHLQH 6FKZDFKKHLWHQ LQ GHQ .RSI© XQG 7RQ\ ]RJ
ZLHGHUXPVWXPPGLH%UDXHQ]XVDPPHQ


(LQLJH 0LQXWHQ GDUDXI HUKRE VLFK +HUU *UQOLFK ª$EHU LFK
LQNRPPRGLHUH QLFKW OlQJHU QHLQ EHL *RWW )UDX .RQVXOLQ LFK
LQNRPPRGLHUH QLFKW OlQJHU ,FK NDP LQ *HVFKlIWHQ« DOOHLQ ZHU
N|QQWH ZLGHUVWHKHQ« 1XQ UXIW GLH 7lWLJNHLW :HQQ LFK GHQ +HUUQ
.RQVXOHUVXFKHQGUIWH«©
ª,FK EUDXFKH 6LH QLFKW ]X YHUVLFKHUQ© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ ªZLH
VHKU HV PLFK WUHXHQ ZUGH ZHQQ 6LH ZlKUHQG GHU 'DXHU ,KUHV
$XIHQWKDOWHVDP2UWHLQXQVHUHP+DXVHYRUOLHEQHKPHQP|FKWHQ«©
+HUU *UQOLFK EOLHE HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN VWXPP YRU 'DQNEDUNHLW
ª,FKELQ,KQHQYRQ JDQ]HU6HHOHYHUEXQGHQ )UDX .RQVXOLQ© VDJWH
HU PLW GHP $XVGUXFN GHU 5KUXQJ ª$EHU LFK GDUI ,KUH
/LHEHQVZUGLJNHLW QLFKW PL‰EUDXFKHQ ,FK EHZRKQH HLQ SDDU
=LPPHULP*DVWKDXVH¾6WDGW+DPEXUJ½«©(LQSDDU=LPPHUGDFKWH
GLH .RQVXOLQ XQG GLHV ZDU HV DXFK ZDV VLH QDFK +HUUQ *UQOLFKV
$EVLFKWGHQNHQVROOWH
ª-HGHQIDOOV© EHVFKOR‰ VLH LQGHP VLH LKP QRFK HLQPDO PLW
KHU]OLFKHU %HZHJXQJ GLH +DQG ERW ªKRIIH LFK GD‰ ZLU XQV QLFKW
]XPOHW]WHQ0DOHJHVHKHQKDEHQ©
+HUU *UQOLFK N‰WH GHU .RQVXOLQ GLH +DQG ZDUWHWH HLQHQ
$XJHQEOLFNGD‰DXFK$QWRQLHLKPGLHLKULJHUHLFKHZDVDEHUQLFKW
JHVFKDK EHVFKULHE HLQHQ +DOENUHLV PLW GHP 2EHUN|USHU WUDW HLQHQ
JUR‰HQ 6FKULWW ]XUFN YHUEHXJWH VLFK QRFKPDOV VHW]WH GDQQ PLW
HLQHP6FKZQJHXQGLQGHPHUGDV+DXSW]XUFNZDUIVHLQHQJUDXHQ
+XWDXIXQGVFKULWWPLWGHP.RQVXOGDYRQ«
ª(LQDQJHQHKPHU0DQQ©ZLHGHUKROWHGHUOHW]WHUHDOVHU]XVHLQHU
)DPLOLH]XUFNNHKUWHXQGVHLQHQ3ODW]ZLHGHUHLQQDKP
ª,FKILQGHLKQDOEHUQ©HUODXEWHVLFK7RQ\]XEHPHUNHQXQG]ZDU
PLW1DFKGUXFN
ª7RQ\ 0HLQ *RWW :DV IU HLQ 8UWHLO© ULHI GLH .RQVXOLQ HLQ
ZHQLJHQWUVWHWª(LQVRFKULVWOLFKHUMXQJHU0DQQ©
ª(LQ VR ZRKOHU]RJHQHU XQG ZHLWOlXILJHU 0DQQ© HUJlQ]WH GHU
.RQVXO ª'X ZHL‰W QLFKW ZDV GX VDJVW©  (V JHVFKDK PDQFKPDO
GD‰ GLH (OWHUQ LQ GLHVHU :HLVH DXV +|IOLFKNHLW GHQ 6WDQGSXQNW
ZHFKVHOWHQGDQQZDUHQVLHGHVWRVLFKHUHUHLQLJ]XVHLQ


&KULVWLDQ]RJVHLQHJUR‰H1DVHLQ)DOWHQXQGVDJWHª:LHZLFKWLJ
HU LPPHU VSULFKW« 0DQ SODXGHUW :LU SODXGHUWHQ JDU QLFKW 8QG
.ODWVFKURVHQSXW]HQXQJHPHLQ0DQFKPDOWXWHUDOVREHUJDQ]ODXW
]XVLFKVHOEVWVSUlFKH,FKVW|UHLFKPX‰XP9HU]HLKXQJELWWHQ«
,FKKDEHQLHPDOVVFK|QHUHV+DDUJHVHKHQ«©8QG&KULVWLDQDKPWH
+HUUQ *UQOLFK VR YRUWUHIIOLFK QDFK GD‰ VHOEVW GHU .RQVXO ODFKHQ
PX‰WH
ª-DHUPDFKWVLFKDOO]XZLFKWLJ©ILQJ7RQ\ZLHGHUDQª(UVSUDFK
EHVWlQGLJYRQVLFKVHOEVW6HLQ*HVFKlIWLVWUHJHHUOLHEWGLH1DWXU
HU EHYRU]XJW GLH XQG GLH 1DPHQ HU KHL‰W %HQGL[« :DV JHKW XQV
GDV DQ P|FKWH LFK ZLVVHQ« (U VDJW DOOHV QXU XP VLFK
KHUDXV]XVWUHLFKHQ© ULHI VLH SO|W]OLFK JDQ] ZWHQG ª(U VDJWH GLU
0DPD XQG GLU 3DSD QXU ZDV LKU JHUQ K|UW XP VLFK EHL HXFK
HLQ]XVFKPHLFKHOQ©
ª'DV LVW NHLQ 9RUZXUI 7RQ\© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO VWUHQJ ª0DQ
EHILQGHW VLFK LQ IUHPGHU *HVHOOVFKDIW ]HLJW VLFK YRQ VHLQHU EHVWHQ
6HLWHVHW]WVHLQH:RUWHXQGVXFKW]XJHIDOOHQGDVLVWNODU«©
ª,FK ILQGH HU LVW HLQ JXWHU 0HQVFK© VDJWH .ORWKLOGH VDQIW XQG
JHGHKQWREJOHLFKVLHGLHHLQ]LJH3HUVRQZDUXPGLH+HUU*UQOLFK
VLFKQLFKWLPJHULQJVWHQEHNPPHUWKDWWH7KRPDVHQWKLHOWVLFKGHV
8UWHLOV
ª*HQXJ© EHVFKOR‰ GHU .RQVXO ªHU LVW HLQ FKULVWOLFKHU WFKWLJHU
WlWLJHUXQGIHLQJHELOGHWHU0DQQXQGGX7RQ\HLQJUR‰HV0lGFKHQ
YRQDFKW]HKQRGHUQlFKVWHQVQHXQ]HKQ-DKUHQJHJHQGDVHUVLFKVR
DUWLJXQGJDODQWEHWUDJHQKDWGXVROOWHVWGHLQH7DGHOVXFKWEH]lKPHQ
:LUDOOHVLQGVFKZDFKH0HQVFKHQXQGGXELVWYHU]HLKPLUZDKUOLFK
GLHOHW]WHGLHHLQHQ6WHLQDXIKHEHQGUIWH«7RPDQGLH$UEHLW©
7RQ\ PXUPHOWH YRU VLFK KLQ ª(LQ JROGJHOEHU %DFNHQEDUW© XQG
GDEHL]RJVLHGLH%UDXHQ]XVDPPHQZLHVLHHVVFKRQPHKUHUH0DOH
JHWDQKDWWH


=ZHLWHV.DSLWHO

ª:LHDXIULFKWLJEHWUEWZDULFKPHLQ)UlXOHLQ6LH]XYHUIHKOHQ©
VSUDFK +HUU *UQOLFK HLQLJH 7DJH VSlWHU DOV 7RQ\ GLH YRQ HLQHP
$XVJDQJ]XUFNNHKUWHDQGHU(FNHGHU%UHLWHQXQG0HQJVWUD‰HPLW
LKP ]XVDPPHQWUDI ª,FK HUODXEWH PLU ,KUHU )UDX 0DPD PHLQH
$XIZDUWXQJ ]X PDFKHQ XQG LFK YHUPL‰WH 6LH VFKPHU]OLFK« :LH
HQW]FNWDEHUELQLFK6LHQXQGRFKQRFK]XWUHIIHQ©
)UlXOHLQ %XGGHQEURRN ZDU VWHKHQJHEOLHEHQ GD +HUU *UQOLFK ]X
VSUHFKHQEHJDQQDEHULKUH$XJHQGLHVLHKDOEJHVFKORVVHQKDWWHXQG
GLHSO|W]OLFKGXQNHOZXUGHQULFKWHWHQVLFKQLFKWK|KHUDOVDXI+HUUQ
*UQOLFKV %UXVW XQG XP LKUHQ 0XQG ODJ GDV VS|WWLVFKH XQG
YROONRPPHQ XQEDUPKHU]LJH /lFKHOQ PLW GHP HLQ MXQJHV 0lGFKHQ
HLQHQ 0DQQ PL‰W XQG YHUZLUIW« ,KUH /LSSHQ EHZHJWHQ VLFK  ZDV
VROOWHVLHDQWZRUWHQ"+DHVPX‰WHHLQ:RUWVHLQGDVGLHVHQ%HQGL[
*UQOLFK HLQ IU DOOHPDO ]XUFNVFKOHXGHUWH YHUQLFKWHWH« DEHU HV
PX‰WH HLQ JHZDQGWHV ZLW]LJHV VFKODJHQGHV :RUW VHLQ GDV LKQ
]XJOHLFKVSLW]LJYHUZXQGHWHXQGLKPLPSRQLHUWH«
ª'DVLVWQLFKWJHJHQVHLWLJ©VDJWHVLHLPPHUGHQ%OLFNDXI+HUUQ
*UQOLFKV %UXVW JHKHIWHW XQG QDFKGHP VLH GLHVHQ IHLQ YHUJLIWHWHQ
3IHLO DEJHVFKRVVHQ OLH‰ VLH LKQ VWHKHQ OHJWH GHQ .RSI ]XUFN XQG
JLQJ URW YRU 6WRO] EHU LKUH VDUNDVWLVFKH 5HGHJHZDQGWKHLW QDFK
+DXVHZRVHOEVWVLHHUIXKUGD‰+HUU*UQOLFK]XPQlFKVWHQ6RQQWDJ
DXIHLQHQ.DOEVEUDWHQJHEHWHQVHL«
8QG HU NDP (U NDP LQ HLQHP QLFKW JDQ] QHXPRGLVFKHQ DEHU
IHLQHQ JORFNHQI|UPLJHQ XQG IDOWLJHQ *HKURFN GHU LKP HLQHQ
$QVWULFK YRQ (UQVW XQG 6ROLGLWlW YHUOLHK  URVLJ EULJHQV XQG
OlFKHOQG GDV VSlUOLFKH +DDU VRUJIlOWLJ JHVFKHLWHOW XQG PLW GXIWLJ
IULVLHUWHQ )DYRULV (U D‰ 0XVFKHOUDJRXW -XOLHQQHVXSSH JHEDFNHQH
6HH]XQJHQ .DOEVEUDWHQ PLW 5DKPNDUWRIIHOQ XQG %OXPHQNRKO
0DUDVTXLQR3XGGLQJXQG3XPSHUQLFNHOPLW5RTXHIRUWXQGIDQGEHL
MHGHP *HULFKWH HLQHQ QHXHQ /REVSUXFK GHQ HU PLW 'HOLNDWHVVH
YRU]XEULQJHQ YHUVWDQG (U KRE ]XP %HLVSLHO VHLQHQ 'HVVHUWO|IIHO
HPSRU EOLFNWH HLQH 6WDWXH GHU 7DSHWH DQ XQG VSUDFK ODXW ]X VLFK
VHOEVW


ª*RWW YHU]HLKH PLU LFK NDQQ QLFKW DQGHUV LFK KDEH HLQ JUR‰HV
6WFN JHQRVVHQ DEHU GLHVHU 3XGGLQJ LVW JDU ]X SUlFKWLJ JHOXQJHQ
LFK PX‰ GLH JWLJH :LUWLQ QRFK XP HLQ 6WFNFKHQ HUVXFKHQ©
:RUDXI HU GHU .RQVXOLQ VFKDONKDIW ]XEOLQ]HOWH (U VSUDFK PLW GHP
.RQVXO EHU *HVFKlIWH XQG 3ROLWLN ZREHL HU HUQVWH XQG WFKWLJH
*UXQGVlW]H DQ GHQ 7DJ OHJWH HU SODXGHUWH PLW GHU .RQVXOLQ EHU
7KHDWHU *HVHOOVFKDIWHQ XQG 7RLOHWWHQ HU KDWWH DXFK IU 7RP
&KULVWLDQXQGGLHDUPH.ORWKLOGHMDVHOEVWIUGLHNOHLQH&ODUDXQG
0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ OLHEHQVZUGLJH :RUWH 7RQ\ YHUKLHOW VLFK
VFKZHLJVDP XQG HU VHLQHUVHLWV XQWHUQDKP HV QLFKW VLFK LKU ]X
QlKHUQ VRQGHUQ EHWUDFKWHWH VLH QXU GDQQ XQG ZDQQ PLW VHLWZlUWV
JHQHLJWHP .RSIH XQG HLQHP %OLFN LQ GHP VRZRKO %HWUEQLV ZLH
(UPXQWHUXQJODJ
$OV +HUU *UQOLFK VLFKDQ GLHVHP $EHQG YHUDEVFKLHGHWH KDWWH HU
GHQ(LQGUXFNYHUVWlUNWGHQVHLQHUVWHU%HVXFKKHUYRUJHEUDFKWª(LQ
YROONRPPHQHU]RJHQHU0DQQ©VDJWHGLH.RQVXOLQª(LQFKULVWOLFKHU
XQG DFKWEDUHU 0HQVFK© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO &KULVWLDQ NRQQWH VHLQH
%HZHJXQJHQ XQG 6SUDFKH QXQ QRFK EHVVHU QDFKDKPHQ XQG 7RQ\
VDJWH PLW ILQVWHUHQ %UDXHQ JXWH 1DFKW GHQQ VLH DKQWH XQGHXWOLFK
GD‰VLHGLHVHQ+HUUQGHUVLFKPLWVR XQJHZ|KQOLFKHU 6FKQHOOLJNHLW
GLH+HU]HQLKUHU(OWHUQHUREHUWKDWWHQLFKW]XPOHW]WHQPDOJHVHKHQ
KDEH
,Q GHU 7DW VLH IDQG +HUUQ *UQOLFK ZHQQ VLH QDFKPLWWDJV YRQ
HLQHP %HVXFKH HLQHU 0lGFKHQJHVHOOVFKDIW ]XUFNNHKUWH
HLQJHQLVWHW LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU ZRVHOEVW HU GHU .RQVXOLQ DXV
:DOWHU 6FRWWV ¾:DYHUOH\½ YRUODV  XQG ]ZDU PLW PXVWHUJOWLJHU
$XVVSUDFKH GHQQ GLH 5HLVHQ LP 'LHQVWH VHLQHV UHJHQ *HVFKlIWHV
KDWWHQLKQZLHHUEHULFKWHWHDXFKQDFK(QJODQGJHIKUW
7RQ\ VHW]WH VLFK VHLWDE PLW HLQHP DQGHUHQ %XFKH XQG +HUU
*UQOLFK IUDJWH PLW ZHLFKHU 6WLPPH ª(V HQWVSULFKW ZRKO QLFKW
,KUHP*HVFKPDFNHPHLQ)UlXOHLQZDVLFKOHVH"©
:RUDXI VLH PLW ]XUFNJHZRUIHQHP .RSI HWZDV UHFKW VSLW]LJ
6DUNDVWLVFKHVHUZLGHUWHZLH]XP%HLVSLHOª1LFKWLPJHULQJVWHQ©
$EHU HU OLH‰ VLFK QLFKW VW|UHQ HU EHJDQQ YRQ VHLQHQ ]X IUK
YHUVWRUEHQHQ (OWHUQ ]X HU]lKOHQ XQG EHULFKWHWH YRQ VHLQHP 9DWHU
GHU HLQ 3UHGLJHU HLQ 3DVWRU HLQ K|FKVW FKULVWOLFKHU XQG GDEHL LQ


HEHQVRKRKHP*UDGHZHLWOlXILJHU0DQQJHZHVHQZDU'DQQMHGRFK
RKQH GD‰ 7RQ\ VHLQHU $EVFKLHGVYLVLWH EHLJHZRKQW KDWWH ZDU +HUU
*UQOLFK QDFK +DPEXUJ DEJHUHLVW ª,GD© VDJWH VLH ]X 0DPVHOO
-XQJPDQQDQGHUVLHHLQHYHUWUDXWH)UHXQGLQEHVD‰ª'HU0HQVFKLVW
IRUW©
,GD-XQJPDQQDEHUDQWZRUWHWHª.LQGFKHQZLUVWVHKHQ©
$FKW7DJHVSlWHUHUHLJQHWHVLFKMHQH6]HQHLP)UKVWFNV]LPPHU
7RQ\NDPXPQHXQ8KUKHUXQWHUXQGZDUHUVWDXQWLKUHQ9DWHUQRFK
QHEHQGHU.RQVXOLQDP.DIIHHWLVFKH]XILQGHQ1DFKGHPVLHVLFKGLH
6WLUQ KDWWH NVVHQ ODVVHQ VHW]WH VLH VLFK IULVFK KXQJULJ XQG PLW
VFKODIURWHQ $XJHQ DQ LKUHQ 3ODW] QDKP =XFNHU XQG %XWWHU XQG
EHGLHQWHVLFKPLWJUQHP.UlXWHUNlVH
ª:LHKEVFK3DSDGD‰LFKGLFKHLQPDOQRFKYRUILQGH©VDJWHVLH
ZlKUHQGVLHPLWGHU6HUYLHWWHLKU KHL‰HV (L HUID‰WH XQG HV PLW GHP
7HHO|IIHO|IIQHWH
ª,FK KDEH KHXWH DXI XQVHUH /DQJVFKOlIHULQ JHZDUWHW© VDJWH GHU
.RQVXO GHU HLQH =LJDUUH UDXFKWH XQG EHKDUUOLFK PLW GHP
]XVDPPHQJHIDOWHWHQ=HLWXQJVEODWWOHLFKWDXIGHQ7LVFKVFKOXJ
'LH .RQVXOLQ LKUHUVHLWV EHHQGHWH ODQJVDP XQG PLW JUD]L|VHQ
%HZHJXQJHQLKU)UKVWFNXQGOHKQWHVLFKGDQQLQV6RID]XUFN
ª7KLOGDLVWVFKRQLQGHU.FKHWlWLJ©IXKUGHU.RQVXOEHGHXWVDP
IRUWªXQGLFKZlUHHEHQIDOOVEHLPHLQHU$UEHLWZHQQGHLQH0XWWHU
XQG LFK QLFKW LQ HLQHU HUQVWKDIWHQ $QJHOHJHQKHLW PLW XQVHUHP
7|FKWHUFKHQ]XVSUHFKHQKDWWHQ©
7RQ\ GHQ 0XQG YROO %XWWHUEURW EOLFNWH LKUHP 9DWHU XQG GDQQ
LKUHU 0XWWHU PLW HLQHP *HPLVFK YRQ 1HXJLHU XQG (UVFKURFNHQKHLW
LQV*HVLFKW
ª,‰ QXU ]XYRU PHLQ .LQG© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ XQG DOV 7RQ\
WURW]GHPLKU0HVVHUQLHGHUOHJWHXQGULHIª1XUJOHLFKKHUDXVGDPLW
ELWWH 3DSD© ZLHGHUKROWH GHU .RQVXO GHU GXUFKDXV QLFKW DXIK|UWH
PLWGHU=HLWXQJ]XVSLHOHQª,‰QXU©
:lKUHQG 7RQ\ XQWHU 6WLOOVFKZHLJHQ XQG DSSHWLWORV LKUHQ .DIIHH
WUDQNLKU(LXQGLKUHQJUQHQ.lVH]XP%URWYHU]HKUWHILQJVLH]X
DKQHQDQ XP ZDV HV VLFK KDQGHOWH 'LH 0RUJHQIULVFKH YHUVFKZDQG


YRQLKUHP*HVLFKWVLHZDUGHLQZHQLJEOHLFKVLHGDQNWHIU+RQLJ
XQGHUNOlUWHEDOGPLWOHLVHU6WLPPHGD‰VLHIHUWLJVHL
ª0HLQ OLHEHV .LQG© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO QDFKGHP HU QRFK HLQHQ
$XJHQEOLFN JHVFKZLHJHQ KDWWH ªGLH )UDJH EHU GLH ZLU PLW GLU ]X
UHGHQKDEHQLVWLQGLHVHP%ULHIHHQWKDOWHQ©8QGHUSRFKWHQXQVWDWW
PLWGHU=HLWXQJPLWHLQHPJUR‰HQEODXOLFKHQ.XYHUWDXIGHQ7LVFK
ª8P NXU] ]X VHLQ +HUU %HQGL[ *UQOLFK GHQ ZLU DOOH DOV HLQHQ
EUDYHQ XQG OLHEHQVZUGLJHQ 0DQQ NHQQHQJHOHUQW KDEHQ VFKUHLEW
PLUGD‰HUZlKUHQGVHLQHVKLHVLJHQ$XIHQWKDOWHVHLQHWLHIH1HLJXQJ
]X XQVHUHU 7RFKWHU JHID‰W KDEH XQG ELWWHW LQ DOOHU )RUP XP LKUH
+DQG:DVGHQNWXQVHUJXWHV.LQGGDUEHU"©
7RQ\ VD‰ PLW JHVHQNWHP .RSIH ]XUFNJHOHKQW XQG LKUH UHFKWH
+DQG GUHKWH GHQ VLOEHUQHQ 6HUYLHWWHQULQJ ODQJVDP XP VLFK VHOEVW
3O|W]OLFK DEHU VFKOXJ VLH GLH $XJHQ DXI $XJHQ GLH JDQ] GXQNHO
JHZRUGHQ ZDUHQ XQG YROO YRQ 7UlQHQ VWDQGHQ 8QG PLW EHGUlQJWHU
6WLPPHVWLH‰VLHKHUYRUª:DVZLOOGLHVHU0HQVFKYRQPLU " :DV
KDEHLFKLKPJHWDQ"©:RUDXIVLHLQ:HLQHQDXVEUDFK
'HU.RQVXOZDUIVHLQHU*DWWLQHLQHQ%OLFN ]X XQG EHWUDFKWHWHHLQ
ZHQLJYHUOHJHQVHLQHOHHUH7DVVH
ª/LHEH 7RQ\© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ VDQIW ªZR]X GLHV
(FKDXIIHPHQW" 'X NDQQVW VLFKHUVHLQ QLFKW ZDKUGD‰ GHLQH (OWHUQ
QXUGHLQ%HVWHVLP$XJHKDEHQXQGGD‰VLHGLUQLFKWUDWHQN|QQHQ
GLH/HEHQVVWHOOXQJDXV]XVFKODJHQGLHPDQGLUELHWHW6LHKVWGXLFK
QHKPH DQ GD‰ GX QRFK NHLQH HQWVFKHLGHQGHQ (PSILQGXQJHQ IU
+HUUQ *UQOLFK KHJVW DEHU GDV NRPPW LFK YHUVLFKHUH GLFK GDV
NRPPWPLWGHU=HLW(LQHPVRMXQJHQ'LQJHZLHGXLVWHVQLHPDOV
NODUZDVHVHLJHQWOLFKZLOO«,P.RSIHVLHKWHVVRZLUUDXVZLHLP
+HU]HQ« 0DQ PX‰ GHP +HU]HQ =HLW ODVVHQ XQG GHQ .RSI
RIIHQKDOWHQ IU GLH =XVSUFKH HUIDKUHQHU /HXWH GLH SODQYROO IU
XQVHU*OFNVRUJHQ«©
ª,FKZHL‰JDUQLFKWVYRQLKP©EUDFKWH7RQ\WURVWORVKHUYRUXQG
GUFNWH PLW GHU NOHLQHQ ZHL‰HQ %DWLVWVHUYLHWWH LQ GHU VLFK (LIOHFNH
EHIDQGHQ LKUH $XJHQ ª,FK ZHL‰ QXU GD‰ HU HLQHQ JROGJHOEHQ
%DFNHQEDUWKDWXQGHLQUHJHV*HVFKlIW«©,KUH2EHUOLSSHGLHEHLP
:HLQHQ]LWWHUWHPDFKWHHLQHQXQDXVVSUHFKOLFKUKUHQGHQ(LQGUXFN


'HU .RQVXO UFNWH PLW HLQHU %HZHJXQJ SO|W]OLFKHU =lUWOLFKNHLW
VHLQHQ6WXKODQVLHKHUDQXQGVWULFKOlFKHOQGEHULKU+DDUª0HLQH
NOHLQH 7RQ\© VDJWH HU ªZDV VROOWHVW GX DXFK YRQ LKP ZLVVHQ" 'X
ELVW HLQ .LQG VLHKVW GX GX ZUGHVW QLFKW PHKU YRQ LKP ZLVVHQ
ZHQQ HU QLFKW YLHU :RFKHQ VRQGHUQ GHUHQ ]ZHLXQGIQI]LJ KLHU
YHUOHEWKlWWH«'XELVWHLQNOHLQHV0lGFKHQGDVQRFKNHLQH$XJHQ
KDWIUGLH:HOWXQGGDVVLFKDXIGLH$XJHQDQGHUHU/HXWHYHUODVVHQ
PX‰GLH*XWHVPLWGLULP6LQQHKDEHQ«©
ª,FKYHUVWHKHHVQLFKW«LFKYHUVWHKHHVQLFKW«©VFKOXFK]WH7RQ\
IDVVXQJVORV XQG VFKPLHJWH GHQ .RSI ZLH HLQ .lW]FKHQ XQWHU GLH
VWUHLFKHOQGH +DQG ª(U NRPPW KLHUKHU« VDJW DOOHQ HWZDV
$QJHQHKPHV« UHLVW ZLHGHU DE« XQG VFKUHLEW GD‰ HU PLFK« LFK
YHUVWHKH HV QLFKW« ZLH NRPPW HU GD]X« ZDV KDEH LFK LKP
JHWDQ"«©
'HU .RQVXO OlFKHOWH ZLHGHU ª'DV KDVW GX VFKRQ HLQPDO JHVDJW
7RQ\ XQG HV ]HLJW VR UHFKW GHLQH NLQGOLFKH 5DWORVLJNHLW 0HLQ
7|FKWHUFKHQ PX‰ GXUFKDXV QLFKW JODXEHQ GD‰ LFK HV GUlQJHQ XQG
TXlOHQ ZLOO« 'DV DOOHV NDQQ PLW 5XKH HUZRJHQ ZHUGHQ PX‰ PLW
5XKHHUZRJHQZHUGHQGHQQHVLVWHLQHHUQVWH6DFKH'DVZHUGHLFK
DXFK +HUUQ *UQOLFK YRUOlXILJ DQWZRUWHQ XQG VHLQ *HVXFK ZHGHU
DEVFKODJHQQRFKEHZLOOLJHQ«(VJLEWGDYLHOH'LQJH]XEHUOHJHQ«
6R«VHKHQZLUZRKO"DEJHPDFKW1XQJHKW3DSDDQVHLQH$UEHLW«
$GLHX%HWKV\«©
ª$XI :LHGHUVHKHQ PHLQ OLHEHU -HDQ©  ª'X VROOWHVW LPPHUKLQ
QRFK HLQ ZHQLJ +RQLJ QHKPHQ 7RQ\© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ DOV VLH
PLW LKUHU 7RFKWHU DOOHLQ JHEOLHEHQ ZDU GLH XQEHZHJOLFK XQG PLW
JHVHQNWHP .RSIH DQ LKUHP 3ODW]H EOLHE ª(VVHQ PX‰ PDQ
KLQOlQJOLFK«©
7RQ\¶V7UlQHQ YHUVLHJWHQDOOPlKOLFK ,KU .RSI ZDU KHL‰ XQG YROO
YRQ *HGDQNHQ« *RWW ZDV IU HLQH $QJHOHJHQKHLW 6LH KDWWH HV MD
JHZX‰W GD‰ VLH HLQHV 7DJHV GLH )UDX HLQHV .DXIPDQQHV ZHUGHQ
HLQHJXWHXQGYRUWHLOKDIWH(KHHLQJHKHQZHUGHZLHHVGHU:UGHGHU
)DPLOLH XQG GHU )LUPD HQWVSUDFK« $EHU QXQ JHVFKDK HV LKU
SO|W]OLFK]XPHUVWHQ0DOHGD‰MHPDQGVLHZLUNOLFKXQGDOOHQ(UQVWHV
KHLUDWHQZROOWH:LHVROOWHPDQVLFKGDEHLEHQHKPHQ")UVLH7RQ\
%XGGHQEURRN KDQGHOWH HV VLFK SO|W]OLFK XP DOOH GLHVH IXUFKWEDU
JHZLFKWLJHQ $XVGUFNH GLH VLH ELVODQJ QXU JHOHVHQ KDWWH XP LKU


¾-DZRUW½ XP LKUH ¾+DQG½« ¾IUV /HEHQ½« *RWW :DV IU HLQH
JlQ]OLFKQHXH/DJHDXIHLQPDO
ª8QG GX 0DPD"© VDJWH VLH ª'X UlWVW PLU DOVR DXFK PHLQ«
-DZRUW]XJHEHQ"©6LH]|JHUWHHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNYRUGHPª-DZRUW©
ZHLOHVLKUDOO]XKRFKWUDEHQGXQGJHQDQWHUVFKLHQGDQQDEHUVSUDFK
VLHHV]XPHUVWHQ0DOHLQLKUHP/HEHQPLW:UGHDXV6LHEHJDQQ
VLFKLKUHUDQIlQJOLFKHQ)DVVXQJVORVLJNHLWHLQZHQLJ]XVFKlPHQ(V
HUVFKLHQLKUQLFKWZHQLJHUXQVLQQLJDOV]HKQ0LQXWHQ IUKHU +HUUQ
*UQOLFK]XKHLUDWHQDEHUGLH:LFKWLJNHLWLKUHU6WHOOXQJILQJDQVLH
PLW:RKOJHIDOOHQ]XHUIOOHQ
'LH.RQVXOLQVDJWHª=XUDWHQPHLQ.LQG"+DW3DSDGLU]XJHUDWHQ"
(U KDW GLU QLFKW DEJHUDWHQ GDV LVW DOOHV 8QG HV ZlUH
XQYHUDQWZRUWOLFK YRQ LKP ZLH YRQ PLU ZHQQ ZLU GDVWXQ ZROOWHQ
'LH9HUELQGXQJGLHVLFKGLUGDUELHWHWLVWYROONRPPHQGDVZDVPDQ
HLQH JXWH 3DUWLH QHQQW PHLQH OLHEH 7RQ\« 'X NlPHVW QDFK
+DPEXUJ LQ DXVJH]HLFKQHWH 9HUKlOWQLVVH XQG ZUGHVW DXI JUR‰HP
)X‰HOHEHQ«©
7RQ\ VD‰ EHZHJXQJVORV (WZDV ZLH VHLGHQH 3RUWLHUHQ WDXFKWH
SO|W]OLFKYRULKUDXIZLHHVGHUHQLP6DORQGHU*UR‰HOWHUQJDE«2E
VLH DOV 0DGDPH *UQOLFK PRUJHQV 6FKRNRODGH WULQNHQ ZUGH" (V
VFKLFNWHVLFKQLFKWGDQDFK]XIUDJHQ
ª:LHGHLQ9DWHUGLUVDJWHGXKDVW=HLW]XUhEHUOHJXQJ©IXKUGLH
.RQVXOLQ IRUW ª$EHU ZLU PVVHQ GLU ]X EHGHQNHQ JHEHQ GD‰ VLFK
HLQH VROFKH *HOHJHQKHLW GHLQ *OFN ]X PDFKHQ QLFKW DOOH 7DJH
ELHWHW XQG GD‰ GLHVH +HLUDW JHQDX GDV LVW ZDV 3IOLFKW XQG
%HVWLPPXQJGLUYRUVFKUHLEHQ-DPHLQ.LQGDXFKGDVPX‰LFKGLU
YRUKDOWHQ 'HU :HJ GHU VLFK GLU KHXWH HU|IIQHW KDW LVW GHU GLU
YRUJHVFKULHEHQHGDVZHL‰WGXVHOEVWUHFKWZRKO«©
ª-D© VDJWH 7RQ\ JHGDQNHQYROO ª*HZL‰© 6LH ZDU VLFK LKUHU
9HUSIOLFKWXQJHQJHJHQGLH)DPLOLHXQGGLH)LUPDZRKOEHZX‰WXQG
VLHZDUVWRO]DXIGLHVH9HUSIOLFKWXQJHQ6LH$QWRQLH%XGGHQEURRN
YRU GHU GHU 7UlJHU 0DWWKLHVHQ WLHI VHLQHQ UDXKHQ =\OLQGHU DEQDKP
XQGGLHDOV7RFKWHUGHV.RQVXOV%XGGHQEURRNLQGHU6WDGWZLHHLQH
NOHLQH+HUUVFKHULQXPKHUJLQJZDUYRQGHU*HVFKLFKWHLKUHU)DPLOLH
GXUFKGUXQJHQ 6FKRQ GHU *HZDQGVFKQHLGHU ]X 5RVWRFN KDWWH VLFK
VHKU JXW JHVWDQGHQ XQG VHLW VHLQHU =HLW ZDU HV LPPHU JOlQ]HQGHU


EHUJDXI JHJDQJHQ 6LH KDWWH GHQ %HUXI DXI LKUH $UW GHQ *ODQ] GHU
)DPLOLHXQGGHU)LUPD¾-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRN½]XIRUGHUQLQGHPVLH
HLQHUHLFKHXQGYRUQHKPH+HLUDWHLQJLQJ«7RPDUEHLWHWHGDIULP
.RQWRU« -D GLH $UW GLHVHU 3DUWLH ZDU VLFKHUOLFK GLH ULFKWLJH DEHU
DXVJHPDFKW+HUU*UQOLFK«6LHVDKLKQYRUVLFKVHLQHJROGJHOEHQ
)DYRULV VHLQ URVLJHV OlFKHOQGHV *HVLFKW PLW GHU :DU]H DP
1DVHQIOJHO VHLQH NXU]HQ 6FKULWWH VLH JODXEWH VHLQHQ ZROOLJHQ
$Q]XJ]XIKOHQXQGVHLQHZHLFKH6WLPPH]XK|UHQ«
ª,FK ZX‰WH ZRKO© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ ªGD‰ ZLU UXKLJHQ
9RUVWHOOXQJHQ ]XJlQJOLFK VLQG« KDEHQ ZLU YLHOOHLFKW VFKRQ HLQHQ
(QWVFKOX‰JHID‰W"©
ª2 EHZDKUH© ULHI7RQ\ XQGVLH EHWRQWH GDV ª2© PLW SO|W]OLFKHU
(QWUVWXQJª:DVIUHLQ8QVLQQ*UQOLFK]XKHLUDWHQ,FKKDEHLKQ
EHVWlQGLJ PLW VSLW]HQ 5HGHQVDUWHQ YHUK|KQW« ,FK EHJUHLIH
EHUKDXSW QLFKW GD‰ HU PLFK QRFK OHLGHQ PDJ (U P‰WH GRFK HLQ
EL‰FKHQ6WRO]LP/HLEHKDEHQ«©
8QG GDPLW ILQJ VLH DQ VLFK +RQLJ DXI HLQH 6FKHLEH /DQGEURW ]X
WUlXIHOQ

'ULWWHV.DSLWHO

,QGLHVHP-DKUHXQWHUQDKPHQGLH%XGGHQEURRNVDXFKZlKUHQGGHU
6FKXOIHULHQ&KULVWLDQVXQG&ODUDVNHLQH(UKROXQJVUHLVH'HU.RQVXO
HUNOlUWH JHVFKlIWOLFK ]X VHKU LQ $QVSUXFK JHQRPPHQ ]X VHLQ XQG
GLH VFKZHEHQGH )UDJH LQ EHWUHII $QWRQLHQVWUXJ GD]X EHL GD‰ PDQ
DEZDUWHQGLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HYHUEOLHE$Q+HUUQ*UQOLFKZDUYRQ
GHU+DQGGHV.RQVXOVJHVFKULHEHQHLQEHUDXVGLSORPDWLVFKHU%ULHI
DEJHJDQJHQDEHUGHU)RUWJDQJGHU'LQJHZDUGGXUFK7RQ\VLQGHQ
NLQGLVFKVWHQ)RUPHQJHlX‰HUWH+DUWQlFNLJNHLWEHKLQGHUW
ª%HZDKUH 0DPD© VDJWH VLH ª,FK NDQQ LKQ QLFKW DXVVWHKHQ©
ZREHL VLH GLH ]ZHLWH 6LOEH GHV OHW]WHQ :RUWHV PLW K|FKVWHP
1DFKGUXFNEHWRQWHXQGGDVVWDXVQDKPVZHLVHQLFKWJHWUHQQWVSUDFK


2GHU VLH HUNOlUWH PLW )HLHUOLFKNHLW ª9DWHU©  VRQVW SIOHJWH 7RQ\
¾3DSD½]XVDJHQªLFKZHUGHLKPPHLQ-DZRUWQLHPDOVHUWHLOHQ©
$XI GLHVHP 3XQNWH ZlUH GLH $QJHOHJHQKHLW VLFKHUOLFK QRFK ODQJH
=HLW VWHKHQJHEOLHEHQ ZHQQ VLFK QLFKW ]HKQ 7DJH YLHOOHLFKW QDFK
MHQHU 8QWHUUHGXQJ LP )UKVWFNV]LPPHU  PDQ VWDQG LQ GHU 0LWWH
GHV-XOLGDV)ROJHQGHHUHLJQHWKlWWH«
(VZDU1DFKPLWWDJHLQEODXHUZDUPHU1DFKPLWWDJGLH.RQVXOLQ
ZDU DXVJHJDQJHQ XQG 7RQ\ VD‰ PLW HLQHP 5RPDQH DOOHLQ LP
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU DP )HQVWHU DOV $QWRQ LKU HLQH 9LVLWHQNDUWH
EHUEUDFKWH%HYRUVLHQRFK=HLWJHKDEWGHQ1DPHQ]XOHVHQEHWUDW
HLQ +HUU LQ JORFNHQI|UPLJHP *HKURFN XQG HUEVHQIDUEHQHP
%HLQNOHLGGDV=LPPHUHVZDUZLHVLFKYHUVWHKW+HUU*UQOLFKXQG
DXIVHLQHP*HVLFKWODJHLQ$XVGUXFNIOHKHQGHU=lUWOLFKNHLW
7RQ\ IXKU HQWVHW]W DXI LKUHP 6WXKOH HPSRU XQG PDFKWH HLQH
%HZHJXQJ DOV ZROOWH VLH LQ GHQ (‰VDDO HQWIOLHKHQ« :LH ZDU HV
P|JOLFK QRFK PLW HLQHP +HUUQ ]X VSUHFKHQ GHU XP LKUH +DQG
DQJHKDOWHQKDWWH"'DV+HU]SRFKWHLKUELVLQGHQ+DOVKLQDXIXQGVLH
ZDUVHKUEOHLFKJHZRUGHQ6RODQJHVLH+HUUQ*UQOLFKZHLWHQWIHUQW
ZX‰WHKDWWHQGLHHUQVWKDIWHQ9HUKDQGOXQJHQPLWGHQ(OWHUQXQGGLH
SO|W]OLFKH :LFKWLJNHLW LKUHU 3HUVRQ XQG (QWVFKHLGXQJ LKU JHUDGH]X
6SD‰ JHPDFKW 1XQ DEHU ZDU HU ZLHGHU GD (U VWDQG YRU LKU :DV
ZUGHJHVFKHKHQ"6LHIKOWHVFKRQZLHGHUGD‰VLHZHLQHQZHUGH
0LW UDVFKHQ 6FKULWWHQ GLH $UPH DXVJHEUHLWHW XQG GHQ .RSI ]XU
6HLWHJHQHLJWLQGHU+DOWXQJHLQHV0DQQHVZHOFKHUVDJHQZLOO+LHU
ELQLFK7|WHPLFKZHQQGXZLOOVWNDP+HUU*UQOLFKDXIVLH]X
ª:HOFK HLQH )JXQJ© ULHI HU ª,FK ILQGH 6LH $QWRQLH© (U VDJWH
ª$QWRQLH©
7RQ\ GLH LKUHQ 5RPDQ LQ GHU 5HFKWHQ DXIJHULFKWHW DQ LKUHP
6WXKOH VWDQG VFKRE GLH /LSSHQ KHUYRU XQG LQGHP VLH EHL MHGHP
:RUWH HLQH .RSIEHZHJXQJ YRQ XQWHQ QDFK REHQ PDFKWH XQG MHGHV
GLHVHU :RUWH PLW HLQHU WLHIHQ (QWUVWXQJ EHWRQWH VWLH‰ VLH KHUYRU
ª:DVIlOOW,KQHQHLQ©
7URW]GHPVWDQGHQLKUGLH7UlQHQEHUHLWVLQGHU.HKOH
+HUUQ *UQOLFKV %HZHJXQJ ZDU DOO]X JUR‰ DOV GD‰ HU GLHVHQ
(LQZXUIKlWWHEHDFKWHQN|QQHQª.RQQWHLFKOlQJHUZDUWHQ«0X‰WH
LFK QLFKW KLHUKHU ]XUFNNHKUHQ"© IUDJWH HU HLQGULQJOLFK ª,FK KDEH


YRUHLQHU:RFKHGHQ%ULHI,KUHVOLHEHQ+HUUQ9DWHUVHUKDOWHQGLHVHQ
%ULHIGHUPLFKPLW+RIIQXQJHUIOOWKDW.RQQWHLFKQRFKOlQJHULQ
KDOEHU *HZL‰KHLW YHUKDUUHQ )UlXOHLQ $QWRQLH" ,FK KLHOW HV QLFKW
OlQJHU DXV« ,FK KDEH PLFK LQ HLQHQ :DJHQ JHZRUIHQ« ,FK ELQ
KLHUKHU JHHLOW« ,FK KDEH HLQ SDDU =LPPHU LP *DVWKRIH ¾6WDGW
+DPEXUJ½ JHQRPPHQ« XQG GD ELQ LFK $QWRQLH XP YRQ ,KUHQ
/LSSHQGDVOHW]WH HQWVFKHLGHQGH :RUW LQ (PSIDQJ ]X QHKPHQ GDV
PLFKJOFNOLFKHUPDFKHQZLUGDOVLFKHV]XVDJHQYHUPDJ©
7RQ\ZDUHUVWDUUWLKUH7UlQHQWUDWHQ]XUFNYRU9HUEOIIXQJ'DV
DOVRZDUGLH:LUNXQJGHVYRUVLFKWLJHQYlWHUOLFKHQ%ULHIHVGHUMHGH
(QWVFKHLGXQJ DXI XQEHVWLPPWH =HLW KLQDXVJHVFKREHQ KDWWH  6LH
VWDPPHOWHGUHLRGHUYLHUPDOª6LHLUUHQVLFK6LHLUUHQVLFK«©
+HUU *UQOLFK KDWWH HLQHQ $UPVHVVHO JDQ] GLFKW DQ LKUHQ
)HQVWHUVLW] KHUDQJH]RJHQ HU VHW]WH VLFK HU Q|WLJWH DXFK VLH VHOEVW
VLFKZLHGHUQLHGHU]XODVVHQXQGZlKUHQGHUYRUQEHUJHEHXJWLKUH
+DQG GLH VFKODII ZDU YRU 5DWORVLJNHLW LQ GHU VHLQHQ KLHOW IXKU HU
PLWEHZHJWHU6WLPPHIRUW
ª)UlXOHLQ $QWRQLH« 6HLW GHP HUVWHQ $XJHQEOLFN VHLW MHQHP
1DFKPLWWDJH«6LHHULQQHUQVLFKMHQHV1DFKPLWWDJHV"«DOVLFK6LH
]XP HUVWHQ 0DOH LP .UHLVH GHU ,KULJHQ HLQH VR YRUQHKPH VR
WUDXPKDIW OLHEOLFKH (UVFKHLQXQJ HUEOLFNWH« LVW ,KU 1DPH PLW
XQDXVO|VFKOLFKHQ %XFKVWDEHQ LQ PHLQ +HU] JHVFKULHEHQ«© (U
YHUEHVVHUWHVLFKXQGVDJWHªJHJUDEHQ© ª6HLWMHQHP7DJH)UlXOHLQ
$QWRQLH LVW HV PHLQ HLQ]LJHU PHLQ KHL‰HU :XQVFK ,KUH VFK|QH
+DQGIUV/HEHQ]XJHZLQQHQXQGZDVGHU%ULHI,KUHVOLHEHQ+HUUQ
9DWHUVPLFKQXUKRIIHQOLH‰GDVZHUGHQ6LHPLUQXQ]XUJOFNOLFKHQ
*HZL‰KHLWPDFKHQ«QLFKWZDKU",FKGDUIPLW,KUHU*HJHQQHLJXQJ
UHFKQHQ«,KUHU*HJHQQHLJXQJVLFKHUVHLQ©+LHUEHLHUJULIIHUDXFK
PLW GHU DQGHUHQ +DQG GLH LKUH XQG EOLFNWH LKU WLHI LQ GLH lQJVWOLFK
JH|IIQHWHQ $XJHQ (U WUXJ KHXWH NHLQH =ZLUQKDQGVFKXKH VHLQH
+lQGHZDUHQODQJZHL‰XQGYRQKRKHQEODXHQ$GHUQGXUFK]RJHQ
7RQ\VWDUUWHLQVHLQURVLJHV*HVLFKWDXIGLH:DU]HDQVHLQHU1DVH
XQG LQ VHLQH $XJHQ GLH VR EODX ZDUHQ ZLH GLHMHQLJHQ HLQHU *DQV
ª1HLQQHLQ©EUDFKWHVLHUDVFKXQGDQJVWYROOKHUYRU+LHUDXIVDJWH
VLHQRFKª,FKJHEH,KQHQQLFKWPHLQ-DZRUW©6LHEHPKWHVLFKIHVW
]XVSUHFKHQDEHUVLHZHLQWHVFKRQ


ª:RPLWKDEHLFKGLHVHV=ZHLIHOQXQG=|JHUQ,KUHUVHLWVYHUGLHQW"©
IUDJWH HU PLW WLHI JHVHQNWHU XQG IDVW YRUZXUIVYROOHU 6WLPPH ª6LH
VLQG HLQ YRQ OLHEHQGHU 6RUJIDOW EHKWHWHV XQG YHUZ|KQWHV
0lGFKHQ« DEHU LFK VFKZ|UH ,KQHQ MD LFK YHUSIlQGH ,KQHQ PHLQ
0DQQHVZRUW GD‰ LFK 6LH DXI +lQGHQ WUDJHQ ZHUGH GD‰ 6LH DOV
PHLQH*DWWLQQLFKWVHQWEHKUHQZHUGHQGD‰6LHLQ+DPEXUJHLQ,KUHU
ZUGLJHV/HEHQIXKUHQZHUGHQ«©
7RQ\VSUDQJDXIVLHEHIUHLWHLKUH+DQGXQGZlKUHQGLKUH7UlQHQ
KHUYRUVWU]WHQULHIVLHY|OOLJYHU]ZHLIHOWª1HLQ«QHLQ,FKKDEHMD
QHLQ JHVDJW ,FK JHEH ,KQHQ HLQHQ .RUE YHUVWHKHQ 6LH GDV GHQQ
QLFKW*RWWLP+LPPHO"«©
$OOHLQDXFK+HUU*UQOLFKHUKREVLFK(UWUDWHLQHQ6FKULWW]XUFN
HU EUHLWHWH GLH $UPH DXV LQGHP HU LKU EHLGH +DQGIOlFKHQ
HQWJHJHQKLHOWXQGVSUDFKPLWGHP(UQVWHLQHV0DQQHVYRQ(KUHXQG
(QWVFKOX‰ª:LVVHQ6LH0DGHPRLVHOOH%XGGHQEURRNGD‰LFKPLFK
QLFKWLQGLHVHU:HLVHEHOHLGLJHQODVVHQGDUI"©
ª$EHULFKEHOHLGLJH6LHQLFKW+HUU*UQOLFK©VDJWH7RQ\GHQQVLH
EHUHXWHVRKHIWLJJHZHVHQ]XVHLQ0HLQ*RWWPX‰WHJHUDGHLKUGLHV
EHJHJQHQ6LHKDWWHVLFKVRHLQH:HUEXQJQLFKWYRUJHVWHOOW6LHKDWWH
JHJODXEWPDQEUDXFKHQXU]XVDJHQ¾,KU$QWUDJHKUWPLFKDEHULFK
NDQQLKQQLFKWDQQHKPHQ½GDPLWDOOHVHUOHGLJWVHL«ª,KU$QWUDJHKUW
PLFK© VDJWH VLH VR UXKLJ VLH NRQQWH ªDEHU LFK NDQQ LKQ QLFKW
DQQHKPHQ« 6R XQG LFK PX‰ 6LH QXQ« YHUODVVHQ HQWVFKXOGLJHQ
6LHLFKKDEHNHLQH=HLWPHKU©
$EHU+HUU*UQOLFKVWDQGLKULP:HJHª6LHZHLVHQPLFK]XUFN"©
IUDJWH HU WRQORV« ª-D© VDJWH 7RQ\ XQG DXV 9RUVLFKW IJWH VLH
KLQ]Xª/HLGHU«©
'DDWPHWH+HUU*UQOLFKKHIWLJDXIHUPDFKWH]ZHLJUR‰H6FKULWWH
UFNZlUWV EHXJWH GHQ 2EHUN|USHU ]XU 6HLWH ZLHV PLW GHP
=HLJHILQJHU DXI GHQ 7HSSLFK XQG ULHI PLW IUFKWHUOLFKHU 6WLPPH
ª$QWRQLH©
6RVWDQGHQVLHVLFK ZlKUHQGHLQHV $XJHQEOLFNHV JHJHQEHU HU LQ
DXIULFKWLJ HU]UQWHU XQG JHELHWHQGHU +DOWXQJ 7RQ\ EOD‰ YHUZHLQW
XQG]LWWHUQGGDVIHXFKWH7DVFKHQWXFKDP0XQGH(QGOLFKZDQGWHHU
VLFK DE XQG GXUFKPD‰ GLH +lQGH DXI GHP 5FNHQ ]ZHLPDO GDV


=LPPHUDOV VHLHU KLHU ]X +DXVH 'DQQ EOLHE HU DP )HQVWHU VWHKHQ
XQGEOLFNWHGXUFKGLH6FKHLEHQLQGLHEHJLQQHQGH'lPPHUXQJ
7RQ\VFKULWWODQJVDPXQGPLWHLQHUJHZLVVHQ%HKXWVDPNHLWDXIGLH
*ODVWU ]XDEHU VLH EHIDQG VLFK HUVW LQ GHU 0LWWH GHV =LPPHUV DOV
+HUU*UQOLFKDXIVQHXHEHLLKUVWDQG
ª7RQ\© VDJWH HU JDQ] OHLVH ZlKUHQG HU VDQIW LKUH +DQG HUID‰WH
XQG HU VDQN« VDQN ODQJVDP EHL LKU ]X %RGHQ DXI GLH .QLH 6HLQH
EHLGHQ JROGJHOEHQ )DYRULV ODJHQ DXI LKUHU +DQG ª7RQ\«©
ZLHGHUKROWH HU ªVHKHQ 6LH PLFK KLHU« 'DKLQ KDEHQ 6LH HV
JHEUDFKW« +DEHQ 6LH HLQ +HU] HLQ IKOHQGHV +HU]"« +|UHQ 6LH
PLFKDQ«6LHVHKHQHLQHQ0DQQYRUVLFKGHUYHUQLFKWHW]XJUXQGH
JHULFKWHWLVWZHQQ«MDGHUYRU.XPPHUVWHUEHQZLUG©XQWHUEUDFK
HU VLFK PLW HLQHU JHZLVVHQ +DVW ªZHQQ 6LH VHLQH /LHEH
YHUVFKPlKHQ+LHUOLHJHLFK«EULQJHQ6LHHVEHUGDV+HU]PLU]X
VDJHQ,FKYHUDEVFKHXH6LH"©
ª1HLQQHLQ©VDJWH7RQ\SO|W]OLFKLQWU|VWHQGHP7RQ,KUH7UlQHQ
ZDUHQYHUVLHJW5KUXQJXQG0LWOHLGVWLHJHQLQLKUDXI0HLQ*RWW
ZLH VHKU PX‰WH HU VLH OLHEHQ GD‰ HU GLHVH 6DFKH GLH LKU VHOEVW
LQQHUOLFK JDQ] IUHPG XQG JOHLFKJOWLJ ZDU VR ZHLW WULHE :DU HV
P|JOLFKGD‰VLHGLHVHUOHEWH",Q5RPDQHQODVPDQGHUJOHLFKHQXQG
QXQODJLPJHZ|KQOLFKHQ/HEHQHLQ+HUULP*HKURFNYRULKUDXIGHQ
.QLHQ XQG IOHKWH« ,KU ZDU GHU *HGDQNH LKQ ]X KHLUDWHQ HLQIDFK
XQVLQQLJHUVFKLHQHQZHLOVLH+HUUQ*UQOLFKDOEHUQJHIXQGHQKDWWH
$EHUEHL*RWWLQGLHVHP$XJHQEOLFNHZDUHUGXUFKDXVQLFKWDOEHUQ
$XV VHLQHU 6WLPPH XQG VHLQHP *HVLFKW VSUDFK HLQH VR HKUOLFKH
$QJVW HLQH VR DXIULFKWLJH XQG YHU]ZHLIHOWH %LWWH« ª1HLQ QHLQ©
ZLHGHUKROWHVLHLQGHPVLHVLFKJDQ]HUJULIIHQEHULKQEHXJWHªLFK
YHUDEVFKHXH 6LH QLFKW +HUU *UQOLFK ZLH N|QQHQ 6LH GHUJOHLFKHQ
VDJHQ«$EHUQXQVWHKHQ6LHDXI«ELWWH«©
ª6LHZROOHQPLFKQLFKWW|WHQ"©IUDJWHHUZLHGHUXQGVLHVDJWHQRFK
HLQPDOLQHLQHPEHLQDKHPWWHUOLFKWU|VWHQGHQ7RQª1HLQQHLQ«©
ª'DV LVW HLQ :RUW© ULHI +HUU *UQOLFK XQG VSUDQJ DXI GLH )‰H
6RIRUW DEHU DOV HU 7RQ\V HUVFKURFNHQH %HZHJXQJ VDK OLH‰ HU VLFK
QRFK HLQPDO QLHGHU XQG VDJWH lQJVWOLFK EHVFKZLFKWLJHQG ª*XW
JXW« VSUHFKHQ 6LH QXQ QLFKWV PHKU $QWRQLH *HQXJ IU GLHVPDO
LFK ELWWH 6LH YRQ GLHVHU 6DFKH« :LU UHGHQ ZHLWHU GDYRQ« (LQ


DQGHUHV 0DO« (LQ DQGHUHV 0DO« /HEHQ 6LH ZRKO IU KHXWH«
/HEHQ6LHZRKO«,FKNHKUH]XUFN«/HEHQ6LHZRKO©
(UKDWWHVLFKUDVFKHUKREHQHUKDWWHVHLQHQJUR‰HQJUDXHQ+XWYRP
7LVFKH JHULVVHQKDWWHLKUH +DQG JHN‰W XQG ZDU GXUFK GLH *ODVWU
KLQDXVJHHLOW
7RQ\ VDK ZLH HU LQ GHU 6lXOHQKDOOH VHLQHQ 6WRFN HUJULII XQG LP
.RUULGRU YHUVFKZDQG 6LH VWDQG Y|OOLJ YHUZLUUW XQG HUVFK|SIW
LQPLWWHQ GHV =LPPHUV GDV IHXFKWH 7DVFKHQWXFK LQ HLQHU LKUHU
KHUDEKlQJHQGHQ+lQGH

9LHUWHV.DSLWHO

.RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN VDJWH ]X VHLQHU *DWWLQ ª:HQQ LFK PLU


GHQNHQ N|QQWH GD‰ 7RQ\ LUJHQGHLQHQ GHOLNDWHQ %HZHJJUXQG KDW
VLFKIUGLHVH9HUELQGXQJQLFKWHQWVFKOLH‰HQ]XN|QQHQ$EHUVLHLVW
HLQ .LQG %HWKV\ VLH LVW YHUJQJXQJVOXVWLJ WDQ]W DXI %lOOHQ Ol‰W
VLFKYRQGHQMXQJHQ/HXWHQEHFRXUHQXQG]ZDUPLW3OlVLHUGHQQVLH
ZHL‰ GD‰ VLH KEVFK XQG YRQ )DPLOLH LVW« VLH LVW YLHOOHLFKW LP
JHKHLPHQ XQG XQEHZX‰W DXI GHU 6XFKH DEHU LFK NHQQH VLH VLH KDW
LKU+HU]ZLHPDQ]XVDJHQSIOHJWQRFKJDUQLFKWHQWGHFNW«)UDJWH
PDQ VLH VR ZUGH VLH GHQ .RSI KLQ XQG KHU GUHKHQ XQG
QDFKGHQNHQ«DEHUVLHZUGHQLHPDQGHQILQGHQ«6LHLVWHLQ.LQG
HLQ 6SDW] HLQ 6SULQJLQVIHOG« 6DJW VLH MD VR ZLUG VLH LKUHQ 3ODW]
JHIXQGHQ KDEHQ VLH ZLUG VLFK QHWW LQVWDOOLHUHQ N|QQHQ ZRQDFK LKU
GHU6LQQVWHKWXQGLKUHQ0DQQVFKRQQDFKHLQSDDU7DJHQOLHEHQ«
(ULVWNHLQ%HDXQHLQPHLQ*RWWQHLQHULVWNHLQ%HDX«DEHUHULVW
LPPHUKLQ LP K|FKVWHQ *UDGH SUlVHQWDEHO XQG PDQ NDQQ DP (QGH
QLFKW IQI %HLQH DXI HLQ 6FKDI YHUODQJHQ ZHQQ GX PLU GLH
NDXIPlQQLVFKH3KUDVH]XJXWKDOWHQZLOOVW«:HQQVLHZDUWHQZLOO
ELV MHPDQG NRPPW GHU HLQH 6FK|QKHLW XQG DX‰HUGHP HLQH JXWH
3DUWLH LVW  QXQ *RWW EHIRKOHQ 7RQ\ %XGGHQEURRN ILQGHW LPPHU
QRFK HWZDV ,QGHVVHQ DQGHUHUVHLWV« HV EOHLEW HLQ 5LVLNR XQG XP
ZLHGHUNDXIPlQQLVFK]XUHGHQ)LVFK]XJLVWDOOH7DJHDEHUQLFKWDOOH
7DJH )DQJHWDJ« ,FK KDEH JHVWHUQ YRUPLWWDJ LQ HLQHU OlQJHUHQ


8QWHUUHGXQJPLW*UQOLFKGHUVLFKMDPLWGHPDQGDXHUQGVWHQ(UQVWH
EHZLUEWVHLQH%FKHUJHVHKHQ«HUKDWVLHPLUYRUJHOHJW«%FKHU
%HWKV\ ]XP (LQUDKPHQ ,FK KDEH LKP PHLQ K|FKVWHV 9HUJQJHQ
DXVJHVSURFKHQ6HLQH6DFKHQVWHKHQIUHLQVRMXQJHV*HVFKlIWUHFKW
JXWUHFKWJXW6HLQ9HUP|JHQEHOlXIWVLFKDXIHWZD 7DOHU
ZDV HUVLFKWOLFK QXU GLH YRUOlXILJH *UXQGODJH LVW GHQQ HU PDFKW
MlKUOLFK HLQHQ KEVFKHQ 6FKQLWW« :DV 'XFKDPSV VDJHQ GLH LFK
EHIUDJWHNOLQJWDXFKQLFKWEHO6HLQH9HUKlOWQLVVHVHLHQLKQHQ]ZDU
QLFKW EHNDQQW DEHU HU OHEH JHQWOHPDQOLNH YHUNHKUH LQ GHU EHVWHQ
*HVHOOVFKDIWXQGVHLQ*HVFKlIWVHLHLQQRWRULVFKOHEKDIWHVXQGZHLW
YHU]ZHLJWHV«:DVLFKEHLHLQLJHQDQGHUHQ+DPEXUJHU/HXWHQZLH
]XP %HLVSLHO EHL HLQHP %DQNLHU .HVVHOPH\HU HUIDKUHQ KDW PLFK
JOHLFKIDOOVYROODXIEHIULHGLJW.XU]ZLH GX ZHL‰W %HWKV\ LFK NDQQ
QLFKWDQGHUVDOVGLHVH+HLUDWGLHGHU)DPLOLHXQGGHU)LUPDQXU]XP
9RUWHLOJHUHLFKHQZUGHGULQJHQGHUZQVFKHQ(VWXWPLUMDOHLG
PHLQ*RWWGD‰GDV.LQGVLFKLQHLQHUEHGUlQJWHQ/DJHEHILQGHWGD‰
VLH YRQ DOOHQ 6HLWHQ XPODJHUW LVW EHGUFNW XPKHUJHKW XQG NDXP
QRFKVSULFKWDEHULFKNDQQPLFKVFKOHFKWHUGLQJVQLFKWHQWVFKOLH‰HQ
*UQOLFK NXU]HUKDQG DE]XZHLVHQ« GHQQ QRFK HLQHV %HWKV\ XQG
GDV NDQQ LFK QLFKW RIW JHQXJ ZLHGHUKROHQ :LU KDEHQ XQV LQ GHQ
OHW]WHQ -DKUHQ EHL *RWW QLFKW LQ DOO]X KRFKHUIUHXOLFKHU :HLVH
DXIJHQRPPHQ 1LFKW DOV RE GHU 6HJHQ IHKOWH EHKWH QHLQ WUHXH
$UEHLWZLUGUHGOLFKEHORKQW'LH*HVFKlIWHJHKHQUXKLJ«DFKDOO]X
UXKLJ XQGDXFK GDV QXU ZHLO LFK PLW lX‰HUVWHU 9RUVLFKW ]X :HUNH
JHKH :LU VLQG QLFKW YRUZlUWVJHNRPPHQ QLFKW ZHVHQWOLFK VHLW
9DWHUDEJHUXIHQZXUGH'LH=HLWHQVLQGMHW]WZDKUKDIWLJQLFKWJXWIU
GHQ .DXIPDQQ« .XU] HV LVW QLFKW YLHO )UHXGH GDEHL 8QVHUH
7RFKWHULVWKHLUDWVIlKLJXQGLQGHU/DJHHLQH3DUWLH]XPDFKHQGLH
DOOHQ/HXWHQDOVYRUWHLOKDIWXQGUKPOLFKLQGLH$XJHQVSULQJW VLH
VROO VLH PDFKHQ :DUWHQ LVW QLFKW UDWVDP QLFKW UDWVDP %HWKV\
6SULFK QRFK HLQPDO PLW LKU LFK KDEH LKU KHXWH QDFKPLWWDJ QDFK
.UlIWHQ]XJHUHGHW«©
7RQ\ ZDU LQ EHGUlQJWHU /DJH GDULQ KDWWH GHU .RQVXO UHFKW 6LH
VDJWH QLFKW PHKU ªQHLQ© DEHU VLH YHUPRFKWH DXFK GDV ª-D© QLFKW
EHU GLH /LSSHQ ]X EULQJHQ  *RWW PRFKWH LKU KHOIHQ 6LH EHJULII
VHOEVW QLFKW UHFKW ZDUXP VLH VLFK GLH =XVDJH QLFKW DEJHZLQQHQ
NRQQWH


8QWHUGHVVHQQDKPVLHKLHUGHU9DWHUEHLVHLWHXQGVSUDFKHLQHUQVWHV
:RUW OLH‰ GRUW GLH 0XWWHU VLH EHL VLFK 3ODW] QHKPHQ XP HLQH
HQGOLFKH (QWVFKOLH‰XQJ ]X IRUGHUQ« 2QNHO *RWWKROG XQG VHLQH
)DPLOLH KDWWH PDQ LQ GLH $QJHOHJHQKHLW QLFKW HLQJHZHLKW ZHLO VLH
LPPHU HLQ EL‰FKHQ PRNDQW JHJHQ GLH LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H JHVWLPPW
ZDUHQ$EHUVRJDU6HVHPL:HLFKEURGWKDWWHYRQGHU6DFKHHUIDKUHQ
XQG ULHW PLW NRUUHNWHU $XVVSUDFKH ]XP *XWHQ VHOEVW 0DPVHOO
-XQJPDQQVDJWHª7RQ\FKHQPHLQ.LQGFKHQ EUDXFKVW NHLQH6RUJH
KDEHQEOHLEVWLQGHQHUVWHQ.UHLVHQ«©XQG7RQ\NRQQWHQLFKWGHQ
YHUHKUWHQVHLGQHQ6DORQGUDX‰HQYRUP%XUJWRUHEHVXFKHQRKQHGD‰
GLH DOWH 0DGDPH .U|JHU DQILQJ ª$SURSRV LFK K|UH GD YRQ HLQHU
$IIDLUHLFKKRIIHGXZLUVW5DLVRQDQQHKPHQ.OHLQH«©
(LQHV 6RQQWDJV DOV VLH PLW GHQ (OWHUQ XQG *HVFKZLVWHUQ LQ GHU
0DULHQNLUFKHVD‰UHGHWH3DVWRU.|OOLQJLQVWDUNHQ:RUWHQEHUGHQ
7H[W GHU GD EHVDJW GD‰GDV:HLE9DWHUXQG 0XWWHU YHUODVVHQ XQG
GHP0DQQHQDFKIROJHQVROO ZREHLHUSO|W]OLFKDXVIDOOHQGZXUGH
7RQ\ VWDUUWH HQWVHW]W ]X LKP HPSRU RE HU VLH YLHOOHLFKW VRJDU
DQVlKH«1HLQ*RWWVHL'DQNHUKLHOWVHLQHQGLFNHQ.RSIQDFKHLQHU
DQGHUHQ 6HLWH JHZDQGW XQG SUHGLJWH QXU LP DOOJHPHLQHQ EHU GLH
DQGlFKWLJH0HQJHKLQXQGGHQQRFKZDUHVQXUDOO]XNODUGD‰GLHV
HLQ QHXHU $QJULII DXI VLH ZDU XQG MHGHV :RUW LKU JDOW (LQ
MXJHQGOLFKHV HLQ QRFK NLQGOLFKHV :HLE YHUNQGHWH HU GDV QRFK
NHLQHQ HLJHQHQ :LOOHQ XQG NHLQH HLJHQH (LQVLFKW EHVLW]H XQG
GHQQRFKGHQOLHEHYROOHQ5DWVFKOVVHQGHU(OWHUQVLFKZLGHUVHW]HGDV
VHLVWUDIEDUGDVZROOHGHU+HUUDXVVSHLHQDXVVHLQHP0XQGH«XQG
EHLGLHVHU:HQGXQJZHOFKH]XGHQHQJHK|UWHIUGLH3DVWRU.|OOLQJ
VFKZlUPWH XQG GLH HU PLW %HJHLVWHUXQJ KHUYRUEUDFKWH WUDI 7RQ\
GHQQRFKHLQGXUFKGULQJHQGHU%OLFNDXVVHLQHQ$XJHQGHUYRQHLQHU
IXUFKWEDUHQ$UPEHZHJXQJEHJOHLWHWZDU«7RQ\VDKZLHLKU9DWHU
QHEHQ LKU HLQH +DQG HUKRE DOV ZROOWH HU VDJHQ ¾6R QLFKW ]X
KHIWLJ«½$EHUHVZDUNHLQ=ZHLIHOGD‰3DVWRU.|OOLQJYRQLKPRGHU
GHU0XWWHULQV(LQYHUVWlQGQLVJH]RJHQZDU5RWXQGJHEFNWVD‰VLH
DQLKUHP3ODW]HPLWGHP*HIKOHGD‰GLH$XJHQDOOHU:HOWDXILKU
UXKWHQ  XQG DP QlFKVWHQ 6RQQWDJH ZHLJHUWH VLH VLFK DXIV
EHVWLPPWHVWHGLH.LUFKH]XEHVXFKHQ
6LHJLQJVFKZHLJVDPXPKHUVLHODFKWHQLFKWPHKUJHQXJVLHYHUORU
JHUDGH]X GHQ $SSHWLW XQG VHXI]WH PDQFKPDO VR KHU]EUHFKHQG DOV


ULQJH VLH PLW HLQHP (QWVFKOXVVH XP GDQQ GLH ,KUHQ NOlJOLFK
DQ]XVHKHQ« 0DQ PX‰WH 0LWOHLG PLW LKU KDEHQ 6LH PDJHUWH
ZDKUKDIWLJDEXQGE‰WHDQ)ULVFKHHLQ
6FKOLH‰OLFKVDJWHGHU.RQVXOª'DVJHKWQLFKWOlQJHU%HWKV\ZLU
GUIHQGDV.LQGQLFKWPDOWUlWLHUHQ6LHPX‰PDOHLQEL‰FKHQKHUDXV
]XU 5XKH NRPPHQ XQG VLFK EHVLQQHQ GX VROOVW VHKHQ GDQQ QLPPW
VLH9HUQXQIWDQ,FKNDQQPLFKQLFKWORVPDFKHQXQGGLH)HULHQVLQG
EHLQDKH YRUEHU« DEHU ZLU N|QQHQ DXFK DOOH JDQ] JXW ]X +DXVH
EOHLEHQ*HVWHUQZDU]XIlOOLJGHUDOWH6FKZDU]NRSIYRQ7UDYHPQGH
KLHU 'LHGHULFK 6FKZDU]NRSI GHU /RWVHQNRPPDQGHXU ,FK OLH‰ HLQ
SDDU:RUWHIDOOHQXQGHU]HLJWHVLFKPLW9HUJQJHQEHUHLWGLH'LUQ
IU HLQLJH =HLW EHL VLFK DXI]XQHKPHQ« ,FK JHEH LKP HLQH NOHLQH
(QWVFKlGLJXQJ« 'D KDW VLH HLQH EHKDJOLFKH +lXVOLFKNHLW NDQQ
EDGHQ XQG /XIW VFKQDSSHQ XQG PLW VLFK LQV UHLQH NRPPHQ 7RP
IlKUWPLWLKUXQGDOOHVLVWLQ2UGQXQJ'DVJHVFKLHKWEHVVHUPRUJHQ
DOVVSlWHU«©
0LWGLHVHP(LQIDOOHHUNOlUWH7RQ\ VLFKIUHXGLJ HLQYHUVWDQGHQ 6LH
EHNDP+HUUQ*UQOLFK]ZDUNDXP]X*HVLFKWDEHUVLHZX‰WHGD‰HU
LQ GHU 6WDGW ZDU PLW GHQ (OWHUQ YHUKDQGHOWH XQG ZDUWHWH« 0HLQ
*RWWHUNRQQWHMHGHQ7DJZLHGHUYRULKUVWHKHQXP]XVFKUHLHQXQG
]X IOHKHQ ,Q 7UDYHPQGH XQG LQ HLQHP IUHPGHQ +DXVH ZUGH VLH
VLFKHUHU YRU LKP VHLQ« 6R SDFNWH VLH HLOLJ XQG YHUJQJW LKUHQ
.RIIHUXQGGDQQDQ HLQHP GHUOHW]WHQ-XOLWDJH VWLHJ VLH PLW7RP
GHUVLHEHJOHLWHQVROOWH LQ GLH PDMHVWlWLVFKH.U|JHU¶VFKH (TXLSDJH
VDJWH LQ EHVWHU /DXQH $GLHX XQG IXKU DXIDWPHQG ]XP %XUJWRU
KLQDXV

)QIWHV.DSLWHO

1DFK 7UDYHPQGH JHKW HV LPPHU JHUDGHDXV PLW GHU )lKUH EHUV
:DVVHU XQG GDQQ ZLHGHU JHUDGHDXV GHU :HJ ZDU EHLGHQ
ZRKOEHNDQQW 'LH JUDXH &KDXVVHH JOLWW IOLQN XQWHU GHQ KRKO XQG
WDNWPl‰LJ DXIVFKODJHQGHQ +XIHQ YRQ /HEUHFKW .U|JHUV GLFNHQ
%UDXQHQ DXV 0HFNOHQEXUJ GDKLQ REJOHLFK GLH 6RQQH EUDQQWH XQG


GHU 6WDXE GLH VSlUOLFKH $XVVLFKW YHUKOOWH 0DQ KDWWH
DXVQDKPVZHLVHXPHLQ8KU]X0LWWDJJHJHVVHQXQGGLH*HVFKZLVWHU
ZDUHQ3XQNW]ZHL8KUDEJHIDKUHQVRZUGHQVLHNXU]QDFKYLHU8KU
DQODQJHQGHQQZHQQHLQH'URVFKNHGUHL6WXQGHQJHEUDXFKWVRKDWWH
GHU .U|JHU¶VFKH -RFKHQ (KUJHL] JHQXJ GHQ :HJ LQ ]ZHLHQ ]X
PDFKHQ
7RQ\ QLFNWH LQ WUlXPHULVFKHP +DOEVFKODI XQWHU LKUHP JUR‰HQ
IODFKHQ 6WURKKXW XQG LKUHP PLW FUHPHIDUEHQHQ 6SLW]HQ EHVHW]WHQ
6RQQHQVFKLUP GHU ELQGIDGHQJUDX ZDU ZLH LKU VFKOLFKW JHDUEHLWHWHV
VFKODQNHV.OHLGXQGGHQVLHJHJHQGDV5FNYHUGHFNJHOHKQWKDWWH
,KUH)‰HLQ6FKXKHQPLW.UHX]ElQGHUQXQGZHL‰HQ6WUPSIHQKDWWH
VLH ]LHUOLFK EHUHLQDQGHU JHVWHOOW VLH VD‰ EHTXHP XQG HOHJDQW
]XUFNJHOHKQWZLHIUGLH(TXLSDJHJHVFKDIIHQ
7RP VFKRQ ]ZDQ]LJMlKULJ PLW $NNXUDWHVVH LQ EODXJUDXHV 7XFK
JHNOHLGHWKDWWHGHQ6WURKKXW]XUFNJHVFKREHQXQGUDXFKWHUXVVLVFKH
=LJDUHWWHQ(UZDUQLFKWVHKUJUR‰JHZRUGHQDEHUVHLQ6FKQXUUEDUW
GXQNOHUDOV+DDUXQG:LPSHUQEHJDQQNUlIWLJ]XZDFKVHQ,QGHPHU
QDFKVHLQHU*HZRKQKHLWHLQH%UDXHHLQZHQLJHPSRU]RJEOLFNWHHU
LQGLH6WDXEZRONHQXQGDXIGLHYRUEHU]LHKHQGHQ&KDXVVHHElXPH
7RQ\ VDJWH ª,FK ELQ QRFK QLHPDOV VR IURK JHZHVHQ QDFK
7UDYHPQGH ]X NRPPHQ ZLH GLHVPDO« HUVWHQV DXV DOOHUKDQG
*UQGHQ 7RP GX EUDXFKVW GLFK GXUFKDXV QLFKW ]X PRNLHUHQ LFK
ZROOWH LFK N|QQWH HLQ JHZLVVHV 3DDU JROGJHOEHU .RWHOHWWHQ QRFK
HLQLJH 0HLOHQ ZHLWHU ]XUFNODVVHQ« 'DQQ DEHU ZLUG HV HLQ JDQ]
QHXHV7UDYHPQGHVHLQGDLQGHU9RUGHUUHLKHEHL6FKZDU]NRSIV«
,FKZHUGHPLFKJDUQLFKWXPGLH.XUJHVHOOVFKDIWEHNPPHUQ«'DV
NHQQH LFK ]XU *HQJH« 8QG LFK ELQ JDU QLFKW GD]X DXIJHOHJW«
hEHUGLHV VWHKW GHP« 0HQVFKHQ GD GUDX‰HQ DOOHV RIIHQ HU JHQLHUW
VLFK QLFKW SD‰ DXI HU ZUGH HLQHV 7DJHV KROG OlFKHOQG QHEHQ PLU
DXIWDXFKHQ«©
7RP ZDUI GLH =LJDUHWWH IRUW XQG QDKP VLFK HLQH QHXH DXV GHU
%FKVH LQ GHUHQ 'HFNHO HLQH YRQ :|OIHQ EHUIDOOHQH 7URLND
NXQVWYROO HLQJHOHJW ZDU GDV *HVFKHQN LUJHQGHLQHV UXVVLVFKHQ
.XQGHQ DQ GHQ .RQVXO 'LH =LJDUHWWHQ GLHVH NOHLQHQ VFKDUIHQ
'LQJHUPLWJHOEHP0XQGVWFNZDUHQ7RPV/HLGHQVFKDIWHUUDXFKWH
VLHPDVVHQZHLVHXQGKDWWHGLHVFKOLPPH*HZRKQKHLWGHQ5DXFKWLHI


LQ GLH /XQJH ]X DWPHQ VR GD‰ HU EHLP 6SUHFKHQ ODQJVDP ZLHGHU
KHUYRUVSUXGHOWH
ª-D© VDJWH HU ªZDV GDV EHWULIIW LP .XUJDUWHQ ZLPPHOW HV YRQ
+DPEXUJHUQ .RQVXO 3ULWVFKH GHU GDV *DQ]H JHNDXIW KDW LVW MD
VHOEVW HLQHU« (U VROO DXJHQEOLFNOLFK JOlQ]HQGH *HVFKlIWH PDFKHQ
VDJW3DSD«hEULJHQVOl‰WGXGLUGRFKPDQFKHVHQWJHKHQZHQQGX
QLFKW HLQ EL‰FKHQ PLWWXVW« 3HWHU '|KOPDQQ LVW QDWUOLFK GRUW XP
GLHVH =HLW LVW HU QLH LQ GHU 6WDGW VHLQ *HVFKlIW JHKW MD ZRKO YRQ
VHOEVW LP +XQGHWUDE« NRPLVFK 1D« 8QG 2QNHO -XVWXV NRPPW
VLFKHU VRQQWDJV HLQ EL‰FKHQ KLQDXV XQG PDFKW GHU 5RXOHWWH HLQHQ
%HVXFK« 'DQQ VLQG GLH 0|OOHQGRUSIV XQG .LVWHQPDNHUV JODXEH
LFKYROO]lKOLJXQG+DJHQVWU|PV«©
ª+D1DWUOLFK:LHZlUH6DUD6HPOLQJHUZRKOHQWEHKUOLFK«©
ª6LHKHL‰WEULJHQV/DXUDPHLQ.LQGPDQPX‰JHUHFKWVHLQ©
ª0LW -XOFKHQ QDWUOLFK« -XOFKHQ VROO VLFK GLHVHQ 6RPPHU PLW
$XJXVW 0|OOHQGRUSI YHUOREHQ XQG -XOFKHQ ZLUG HV WXQ 'DQQ
JHK|UHQVLHGRFKHQGJOWLJGD]X:HL‰WGX7RPHVLVWHPS|UHQG
'LHVHKHUJHODXIHQH)DPLOLH«©
ª-D OLHEHU *RWW« ¾6WUXQFN  +DJHQVWU|P½ PDFKHQ VLFK
JHVFKlIWOLFKKHUDXVGDVLVWGLH+DXSWVDFKH«©
ª6HOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFK XQG PDQ ZHL‰ MD DXFK ZLH VLH¶V PDFKHQ«
0LW GHQ (OOHQERJHQ ZHL‰W GX« RKQH MHGH .XODQ] XQG
9RUQHKPKHLW« *UR‰YDWHU VDJWH YRQ +LQULFK +DJHQVWU|P ¾'HP
NDOEWGHU2FKVH½GDVZDUHQVHLQH:RUWH«©
ª-D MDMD GDV LVW QXQ HLQHUOHL9HUGLHQHQ ZLUG JUR‰ JHVFKULHEHQ
8QG ZDV GLHVH 9HUOREXQJ EHWULIIW VR LVW GDV HLQ JDQ] NRUUHNWHV
*HVFKlIW -XOFKHQ ZLUG HLQH 0|OOHQGRUSI XQG $XJXVW EHNRPPW
HLQHQKEVFKHQ3RVWHQ«©
ª$FK« GX ZLOOVW PLFK EULJHQV lUJHUQ 7RP GDV LVW DOOHV« ,FK
YHUDFKWHGLHVH0HQVFKHQ«©
7RP ILQJ DQ ]X ODFKHQ ª0HLQ *RWW« PDQ ZLUG VLFK PLW LKQHQ
HLQULFKWHQ PVVHQ ZHL‰W GX :LH 3DSD QHXOLFK VDJWH 6LH VLQG GLH
+HUDXINRPPHQGHQ« :lKUHQG ]XP %HLVSLHO 0|OOHQGRUSIV« 8QG
GDQQNDQQPDQGHQ+DJHQVWU|PVGLH7FKWLJNHLWQLFKWDEVSUHFKHQ
+HUPDQQ LVWVFKRQ VHKU QW]OLFK LP *HVFKlIW XQG 0RULW] KDW WURW]


VHLQHUVFKZDFKHQ%UXVWGLH6FKXOHJOlQ]HQGDEVROYLHUW(UVROOVHKU
JHVFKHLWVHLQXQGVWXGLHUW-XUD©
ª6FK|Q« DEHU GDQQ IUHXW HV PLFK ZHQLJVWHQV 7RP GD‰ HV DXFK
QRFK DQGHUH )DPLOLHQ JLEW GLH VLFK YRU LKQHQ QLFKW ]X EFNHQ
EUDXFKHQXQGGD‰]XP%HLVSLHOZLU%XGGHQEURRNVGHQQGRFK«©
ª6R©VDJWH7RPªQXQZROOHQZLUQXUQLFKWDQIDQJHQ]XSUDKOHQ
,KUHZXQGHQ3XQNWHKDWMHGH)DPLOLH©IXKUHUPLWHLQHP%OLFNDXI
-RFKHQVEUHLWHQ5FNHQOHLVHUIRUWª:LHHV]XP%HLVSLHOPLW2QNHO
-XVWXV VWHKW ZHL‰ GHU OLHEH *RWW 3DSD VFKWWHOW LPPHU GHQ .RSI
ZHQQ HU YRQ LKP VSULFKW XQG *UR‰YDWHU .U|JHU KDW HLQ SDDUPDO
JODXEH LFK PLW JUR‰HQ 6XPPHQ DXVKHOIHQ PVVHQ« 8QG PLW GHQ
9HWWHUQLVWDXFKQLFKWDOOHVLQ2UGQXQJ-UJHQGHUMDVWXGLHUHQZLOO
NRPPW LPPHU QRFK QLFKW ]XP $EJDQJVH[DPHQ« 8QG PLW -DNRE
EHL ¾'DOEHFN  &RPS½ LQ +DPEXUJ VROO PDQ JDU QLFKW ]XIULHGHQ
VHLQ (U NRPPW QLHPDOV PLW VHLQHP *HOGH DXV REJOHLFK HU ZRKO
YHUVRUJWZLUGXQGZDV2QNHO-XVWXVLKPYHUZHLJHUWGDVVFKLFNWLKP
7DQWH 5RVDOLH« 1HLQ LFK ILQGH PDQ VROO NHLQHQ 6WHLQ DXIKHEHQ
:HQQGXEULJHQVGHQ+DJHQVWU|PVGLH:DDJVFKDOHKDOWHQZLOOVWVR
VROOWHVWGXGRFK*UQOLFKKHLUDWHQ©
ª6LQGZLULQGLHVHQ:DJHQJHVWLHJHQXPGDYRQ]XVSUHFKHQ"-D
-DLFKVROOWHHVYLHOOHLFKW$EHULFKZLOOMHW]WQLFKWGDUDQGHQNHQ,FK
ZLOOHVHLQIDFKYHUJHVVHQ1XQIDKUHQZLU]X6FKZDU]NRSIV,FKKDEH
VLHZLVVHQWOLFKQLHJHVHKHQ«(VVLQGZRKOQHWWH/HXWH"©
ª2K 'LHGHULFK 6ZDWWNRSS GDW LV¶Q JDQ] SDVVDEOHQ ROOHQ .LHUO«
'DVKHL‰WVRVSULFKWHUQLFKWLPPHUVRQGHUQQXUZHQQHUPHKUDOV
IQI*OlVHU*URJJHWUXQNHQKDW(LQPDODOVHULP .RQWRU JHZHVHQ
ZDU JLQJHQ ZLU ]XVDPPHQ LQ GLH 6FKLIIHUJHVHOOVFKDIW« (U WUDQN
ZLHHLQ/RFK6HLQ9DWHULVWDXIHLQHP1RUZHJHQIDKUHUJHERUHQXQG
QDFKKHU.DSLWlQDXIGLHVHU/LQLHJHZHVHQ'LHGHULFKKDWHLQHQJXWHQ
%LOGXQJVJDQJ JHPDFKW GLH /RWVHQNRPPDQGDQWXU LVW HLQH
YHUDQWZRUWOLFKH XQG ]LHPOLFK JXW EH]DKOWH 6WHOOXQJ (U LVW HLQ DOWHU
6HHElU«DEHULPPHUJDODQWPLWGHQ'DPHQ3D‰DXIHUZLUGGLUGLH
&RXUPDFKHQ«©
ª+D8QGGLH)UDX"©
ª6HLQH)UDXNHQQHLFKVHOEVWQLFKW6LHZLUGVFKRQJHPWOLFKVHLQ
hEULJHQVLVWGDHLQ6RKQGHU]XPHLQHU=HLWLQ6HNXQGDRGHU3ULPD


VD‰ XQG MHW]W ZRKO VWXGLHUW« 6LHK PDO GD LVW GLH 6HH (LQH NOHLQH
9LHUWHOVWXQGHQRFK«©
,Q HLQHU $OOHH YRQ MXQJHQ %XFKHQ IXKUHQ VLH HLQH 6WUHFNH JDQ]
GLFKWDP0HHUHHQWODQJGDVEODXXQGIULHGOLFKLQGHU6RQQHODJ'HU
UXQGHJHOEH/HXFKWWXUPWDXFKWHDXIVLHEHUVDKHQHLQH:HLOH%XFKW
XQG %ROOZHUN GLH URWHQ 'lFKHU GHV 6WlGWFKHQV XQG GHQ NOHLQHQ
+DIHQ PLW GHP 6HJHO XQG 7DXZHUN GHU %RWH 'DQQ IXKUHQ VLH
]ZLVFKHQGHQHUVWHQ+lXVHUQKLQGXUFKOLH‰HQGLH.LUFKH]XUFNXQG
UROOWHQ GLH 9RUGHUUHLKH GLH VLFK DP )OXVVH KLQ]RJ HQWODQJ ELV ]X
HLQHPKEVFKHQNOHLQHQ+DXVHGHVVHQ9HUDQGDGLFKWPLW:HLQODXE
EHZDFKVHQZDU
/RWVHQNRPPDQGHXU 6FKZDU]NRSI VWDQG YRU VHLQHU 7U XQG QDKP
EHLP +HUDQQDKHQ GHU .DOHVFKH GLH 6FKLIIHUPW]H DE (V ZDU HLQ
XQWHUVHW]WHU EUHLWHU 0DQQ PLW URWHP *HVLFKW ZDVVHUEODXHQ $XJHQ
XQGHLQHPHLVJUDXHQVWDFKHOLJHQ%DUWGHUIlFKHUI|UPLJ YRQHLQHP
2KU]XPDQGHUHQOLHI6HLQDEZlUWVJH]RJHQHU0XQGLQGHPHUHLQH
+RO]SIHLIHKLHOWXQGGHVVHQUDVLHUWH2EHUOLSSHKDUWURWXQGJHZ|OEW
ZDUPDFKWHHLQHQ(LQGUXFNYRQ:UGHXQG%LHGHUNHLW(LQHZHL‰H
3LNHHZHVWH OHXFKWHWH XQWHU VHLQHP RIIHQHQ PLW *ROGERUWHQ
YHU]LHUWHQ 5RFN %UHLWEHLQLJ XQG PLW HWZDV YRUJHVWUHFNWHP %DXFKH
VWDQGHUGD
ª,VW ZDKUKDIWLJ HLQH (KUH IU PLFK 0DPVHOO DOOHV ZDV UHFKW LVW
GD‰6LHHLQH=HLWODQJEHLXQVIUOLHEQHKPHQZROOHQ«©(UKRE7RQ\
PLW %HKXWVDPNHLW DXV GHP :DJHQ ª.RPSOLPHQW +HUU
%XGGHQEURRN:RKODXIGHU+HUU3DSD"8QGGLH)UDX.RQVXOLQ"«
,VWPLUHLQDXIULFKWLJHV3OlVLHU«1DWUHWHQGLH+HUUVFKDIWHQQlKHU
0HLQH )UDX KDW ZRKO VR HWZDV ZLH HLQHQ NOHLQHQ ,PEL‰ EHUHLW 
)DKU¶Q6HPDQWR*DVWZLUW3HGGHUVHQ©VDJWHHU ]XP .XWVFKHU GHU
GHQ .RIIHU LQV +DXV JHWUDJHQ KDWWH ªGD VQG GH 3LHUG JDQ] JDXW
XQQHUEUDFKW«6LHEHUQDFKWHQGRFKEHLXQV+HUU%XGGHQEURRN"«
ZDUXPQLFKWJDU'LH3IHUGHPVVHQGRFKYHUVFKQDXIHQXQGGDQQ
NlPHQ6LHMDQLFKWYRU'XQNHOZHUGHQ]XU6WDGW«©
ª:LVVHQ 6LH KLHU ZRKQW PDQ PLQGHVWHQV VR JXW ZLH GUDX‰HQ LP
.XUKDXV© VDJWH 7RQ\ HLQH 9LHUWHOVWXQGH VSlWHU DOV PDQ LQ GHU
9HUDQGD XP GHQ .DIIHHWLVFK VD‰ ª:DV IU SUDFKWYROOH /XIW 0DQ
ULHFKW GHQ 7DQJ ELV KLHUKHU ,FK ELQ HQWVHW]OLFK IURK ZLHGHU LQ
7UDYHPQGH]XVHLQ©


=ZLVFKHQ GHQ JUQEHZDFKVHQHQ 3IHLOHUQ GHU 9HUDQGD KLQGXUFK
EOLFNWH PDQ DXI GHQ EUHLWHQ LQ GHU 6RQQH JOLW]HUQGHQ )OX‰ PLW
.lKQHQ XQG /DQGXQJVEUFNHQ XQG KLQEHU ]XP )lKUKDXV DXI GHP
3ULZDOO GHU YRUJHVFKREHQHQ +DOELQVHO 0HFNOHQEXUJV 'LH ZHLWHQ
NXPPHQDUWLJHQ7DVVHQPLWEODXHP5DQGHZDUHQXQJHZRKQWSOXPS
LP9HUJOHLFKPLWGHP]LHUOLFKHQDOWHQ3RU]HOODQ]X+DXVHDEHUGHU
7LVFKDXIGHPDQ7RQ\V3ODW]HLQ6WUDX‰YRQ:LHVHQEOXPHQVWDQG
ZDU HLQODGHQG XQG GLH )DKUW KDWWH +XQJHU JHPDFKW ª-D 0DPVHOO
VROOVHKHQGD‰VLHVLFKKLHUKHUDXVPDFKW©VDJWHGLH+DXVIUDXª6LH
VLHKWHLQEL‰FKHQVWUDSD]LHUWDXVZHQQLFKPLFKVRDXVGUFNHQGDUI
GDVPDFKWGLH6WDGWOXIWXQGGDQQVLQGGDGLHYLHOHQ)HWHQ«©
)UDX 6FKZDU]NRSI HLQH 3DVWRUVWRFKWHU DXV 6FKOXWXS VFKLHQ
XQJHIlKUIQI]LJ -DKUH ]X ]lKOHQ ZDUHLQHQ.RSI NOHLQHU DOV 7RQ\
XQG ]LHPOLFK VFKPlFKWLJ ,KU QRFK VFKZDU]HV JODWW XQG UHLQOLFK
IULVLHUWHV +DDU VWDN LQ HLQHP JUR‰PDVFKLJHQ 1HW]H 6LH WUXJ HLQ
GXQNHOEUDXQHV.OHLGPLWHLQHPNOHLQHQZHL‰JHKlNHOWHQ.UDJHQXQG
HEHQVROFKHQ0DQVFKHWWHQ6LHZDUVDXEHUVDQIWXQGIUHXQGOLFKXQG
HPSIDKO HLIULJ LKU VHOEVWJHEDFNHQHV .RULQWKHQEURW GDV XPJHEHQ
YRQ5DKP=XFNHU%XWWHUXQG6FKHLEHQKRQLJLQGHPERRWIRUPLJHQ
%URWNRUE ODJ 'LHVHQ .RUE VFKPFNWH HLQH %RUWH YRQ
3HUOHQVWLFNHUHL ZHOFKH GLH NOHLQH 0HWD JHDUEHLWHW KDWWH HLQ
DFKWMlKULJHV DUWLJHV NOHLQHV 0lGFKHQ GDV LQ VFKRWWLVFKHP
.OHLGFKHQXQGPLWHLQHPIODFKVEORQGHQVWHLIDEVWHKHQGHQ=|SIFKHQ
QHEHQVHLQHU0XWWHUVD‰
)UDX6FKZDU]NRSIHQWVFKXOGLJWHVLFKZHJHQGHV=LPPHUVGDVIU
7RQ\ EHVWLPPW ZDU XQG LQ GHP GLHVH VFKRQ HLQ ZHQLJ 7RLOHWWH
JHPDFKWKDWWH(VVHLVRHLQIDFK«
ª3DK DOOHUOLHEVW© VDJWH 7RQ\ (V KDEH $XVVLFKW DXI GLH 6HH GDV
VHL GLH +DXSWVDFKH 8QG GDEHL WDXFKWH VLH GLH YLHUWH 6FKHLEH
.RULQWKHQEURWLQLKUHQ.DIIHH7RPVSUDFKPLWGHP$OWHQEHUGHQ
¾:XOOHQZHZHU½GHUMHW]WLQGHU6WDGWUHSDULHUWZXUGH«
3O|W]OLFK NDP HLQ MXQJHU 0HQVFK YRQ HWZD ]ZDQ]LJ -DKUHQ PLW
HLQHP%XFKLQGLH9HUDQGDGHUVHLQHQJUDXHQ)LO]KXWDEQDKPXQG
VLFKHUU|WHQG XQG HWZDVOLQNLVFK YHUEHXJWH ª1D PLQ 6|KQ© VDJWH
GHU /RWVHQNRPPDQGHXU ªGX N|PPVW VSlW«© 'DQQ VWHOOWH HU YRU
ª'DVLVWPHLQ6RKQ±©HUQDQQWHHLQHQ9RUQDPHQGHQ7RQ\QLFKW


YHUVWDQG ª6WXGLHUW DXI GHQ 'RNWRU« EULQJW VHLQH )HULHQ EHL XQV
]X«©
ª6HKUDQJHQHKP©VDJWH7RQ\ZLHVLHHVJHOHUQWKDWWH7RPVWDQG
DXI XQG JDE LKP GLH +DQG 'HU MXQJH 6FKZDU]NRSI YHUEHXJWH VLFK
QRFKPDOV OHJWH VHLQ %XFK DXV GHU +DQG XQG QDKP DXIV QHXH
HUU|WHQGDP7LVFKH3ODW]
(U ZDU YRQ PLWWOHUHU *U|‰H ]LHPOLFK VFKPDO XQG VR EORQG ZLH
P|JOLFK 6HLQ EHJLQQHQGHU 6FKQXUUEDUW VR IDUEORV ZLH GDV
NXU]JHVFKQLWWHQH +DDU GDV VHLQHQ OlQJOLFKHQ .RSI EHGHFNWH ZDU
NDXP]XVHKHQXQGGHPHQWVSUDFKHLQDX‰HURUGHQWOLFKKHOOHU7HLQW
HLQH+DXWZLHSRU|VHV3RU]HOODQGLHEHLGHUJHULQJVWHQ*HOHJHQKHLW
KHOOURW DQODXIHQ NRQQWH 6HLQH $XJHQ ZDUHQ YRQ HWZDV GXQNOHUHP
%ODXDOVGLHVHLQHV9DWHUVXQGKDWWHQGHQVHOEHQQLFKWVHKUOHEKDIWHQ
JXWPWLJSUIHQGHQ$XVGUXFNVHLQH*HVLFKWV]JHZDUHQHEHQPl‰LJ
XQG ]LHPOLFK DQJHQHKP $OV HU DQILQJ ]X HVVHQ ]HLJWH HU
XQJHZ|KQOLFKJXWJHIRUPWHHQJVWHKHQGH=lKQHGLHVSLHJHOQGEODQN
ZDUHQ ZLH SROLHUWHV (OIHQEHLQ hEULJHQV WUXJ HU HLQH JUDXH
JHVFKORVVHQH -RSSH PLW .ODSSHQ DQ GHQ 7DVFKHQ XQG HLQHP
*XPPL]XJLP5FNHQ
ª-D LFK ELWWH XP (QWVFKXOGLJXQJ LFK NRPPH ]X VSlW© VDJWH HU
6HLQH6SUDFKHZDUHLQZHQLJVFKZHUIlOOLJXQG NQDUUHQG ª,FK KDEH
HLQEL‰FKHQDP6WUDQGHJHOHVHQXQGQLFKWIUKJHQXJQDFKGHU8KU
JHVHKHQ©+LHUDXINDXWHHUVFKZHLJVDPXQGPXVWHUWH7RPXQG7RQ\
QXUGDQQXQGZDQQSUIHQGYRQXQWHQKHUDXI
6SlWHUDOV7RQ\ZLHGHUHLQPDOYRQGHU+DXVIUDXJHQ|WLJWZXUGH
]X]XODQJHQ VDJWH HU ª'HP 6FKHLEHQKRQLJ N|QQHQ 6LH YHUWUDXHQ
)UlXOHLQ %XGGHQEURRN« 'DV LVW UHLQHV 1DWXUSURGXNW« 'D ZHL‰
PDQ GRFK ZDV PDQ YHUVFKOXFNW« 6LH PVVHQ RUGHQWOLFK HVVHQ
ZLVVHQ 6LH 'LHVH /XIW KLHU GLH ]HKUW« GLH EHVFKOHXQLJW GHQ
6WRIIZHFKVHO :HQQ 6LH QLFKW JHQXJ ]X VLFK QHKPHQ VR IDOOHQ 6LH
DE«©(UKDWWHHLQHQDLYHXQGV\PSDWKLVFKH$UWVLFKEHLP6SUHFKHQ
YRU]XEHXJHQ XQG PDQFKPDO HLQH DQGHUH 3HUVRQ GDEHL DQ]XEOLFNHQ
DOVGLHDQGLHHUVLFKZDQGWH
6HLQH 0XWWHU K|UWH LKP ]lUWOLFK ]X XQG IRUVFKWH GDQQ LQ 7RQ\V
*HVLFKW QDFK GHP (LQGUXFN GHQ VHLQH :RUWH KHUYRUEUlFKWHQ 'HU
DOWH6FKZDU]NRSIDEHUVDJWHª1XVSHHOGLPDQQLFKXS+HUU'RNWHU


PLW GHLQHP 6WRIIZHFKVHO« 'D ZROOHQ ZLU JDU QLFKWV YRQ ZLVVHQ©
ZRUDXI GHU MXQJH 0HQVFK ODFKWH XQG ZLHGHU HUU|WHQG DXI 7RQ\V
7HOOHUEOLFNWH
(LQSDDUPDOQDQQWHGHU/RWVHQNRPPDQGHXUGHQ9RUQDPHQVHLQHV
6RKQHV DEHU 7RQ\ NRQQWH LKQ GXUFKDXV QLFKW YHUVWHKHQ (V ZDU
HWZDV ZLH ¾0RRU½ RGHU ¾0RUG½« XQP|JOLFK HV LQ GHU EUHLWHQ XQG
SODWWHQ$XVVSUDFKHGHV$OWHQ]XHUNHQQHQ$OVGLH0DKO]HLWEHHQGHW
ZDUDOV'LHGHULFK6FKZDU]NRSIGHUPLWZHLWYRQGHUZHL‰HQ:HVWH
]XUFNJHVFKODJHQHP 5RFN EHKDJOLFK LQ GLH 6RQQH EOLQ]HOWH XQG
VHLQ 6RKQ LKUH NXU]HQ +RO]SIHLIHQ ]X UDXFKHQ EHJDQQHQ XQG 7RP
VLFK ZLHGHU VHLQHQ =LJDUHWWHQ ZLGPHWH ZDUHQ GLH MXQJHQ /HXWH LQ
HLQ OHEKDIWHV *HVSUlFK EHU DOWH 6FKXOJHVFKLFKWHQ JHUDWHQ DQ GHP
7RQ\VLFKPXQWHUEHWHLOLJWH+HUU6WHQJHOZXUGH]LWLHUWǻ'XVROOVW
¶QH /LQH PDFKHQ XQG ZDV PDFKVW GX" 'X PDFKVW ¶Q 6WULFK©
6FKDGHGD‰&KULVWLDQQLFKWGDZDUHUNRQQWHGDVQRFKYLHOEHVVHU«
(LQPDO VDJWH 7RP ]X VHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU LQGHP HU DXI GLH YRU LKU
VWHKHQGHQ %OXPHQ ZLHV ª+HUU *UQOLFK ZUGH VDJHQ 'DV SXW]W
JDQ]XQJHPHLQ©
:RUDXI 7RQ\ LKQ URW YRU =RUQ LQ GLH 6HLWH VWLH‰ XQG HLQHQ
VFKHXHQ%OLFN]XGHPMXQJHQ6FKZDU]NRSIKLQEHUJOHLWHQOLH‰
0DQ KDWWH PLW GHP .DIIHHWULQNHQ KHXWH XQJHZ|KQOLFK ODQJH
JHZDUWHWXQGPDQVD‰ODQJHEHLHLQDQGHU(VZDUVFKRQKDOEVLHEHQ
8KUXQG EHUGHQ 3ULZDOOEHJDQQ VLFK GLH 'lPPHUXQJ ]X VHQNHQ
DOV GHU .RPPDQGHXU VLFK HUKRE ª1D GLH +HUUVFKDIWHQ
HQWVFKXOGLJHQ©VDJWHHUª,FKKDEHQXQQRFKGUEHQLP/RWVHQKDXVH
]XWXQ«:LUHVVHQXPDFKWHZHQQ¶VJHIlOOLJLVW«2GHUKHXW¶PDO
HLQEL‰FKHQ VSlWHU0HWD ZLH"« 8QG GX © KLHU QDQQWH HU ZLHGHU
GHQ 9RUQDPHQ  ªQXQ VLW] KLHU QXU QLFKW KHUXP« 1XQ JHK QXU
KLQDXV XQG JLE GLFK ZLHGHU PLW GHLQHQ .QRFKHQ DE« 0DPVHOO
%XGGHQEURRN ZLUG ZRKO DXVSDFNHQ« 2GHU ZHQQ GLH +HUUVFKDIWHQ
DQGHQ6WUDQGJHKHQZROOHQ«6W|UHQXUQLFKW©
ª'LHGHULFK PHLQ *RWW ZDUXP VROO HU QLFKW QRFK VLW]HQ EOHLEHQ©
VDJWH )UDX 6FKZDU]NRSI VDQIW XQG YRUZXUIVYROO ª8QG ZHQQ GLH
+HUUVFKDIWHQ DQ GHQ 6WUDQG JHKHQ ZROOHQ ZDUXP VROO HU QLFKW
PLWJHKHQ" (U KDW GRFK )HULHQ 'LHGHULFK« 8QG VROO HU GHQQ JDU
QLFKWVYRQXQVHUHP%HVXFKHKDEHQ"©


6HFKVWHV.DSLWHO

,Q LKUHP NOHLQHQ UHLQOLFKHQ =LPPHU GHVVHQ 0|EHO PLW


KHOOJHEOPWHP .DWWXQ EHU]RJHQ ZDUHQ HUZDFKWH 7RQ\ DP
QlFKVWHQ 0RUJHQ PLW GHP DQJHUHJWHQ XQG IUHXGLJHQ *HIKO PLW
GHPPDQLQHLQHUQHXHQ/HEHQVODJHGLH$XJHQ|IIQHW
6LH VHW]WH VLFK HPSRU XQG LQGHP VLH GLH $UPH XP LKUH .QLH
VFKODQJ XQG GHQ ]HU]DXVWHQ .RSI ]XUFNOHJWH EOLQ]HOWH VLH LQ GHQ
VFKPDOHQXQGEOHQGHQGHQ6WUHLIHQYRP7DJHVOLFKWGHU]ZLVFKHQGHQ
JHVFKORVVHQHQ /lGHQ KLQGXUFK LQV =LPPHU ILHO XQG NUDPWH PLW
0X‰HGLHJHVWULJHQ(UOHEQLVVHZLHGHUKHUYRU
.DXPHLQ*HGDQNHVWUHLIWH+HUUQ*UQOLFKV3HUVRQ'LH6WDGWXQG
GHUJUl‰OLFKH$XIWULWWLP/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHUXQGGLH(UPDKQXQJHQ
GHU )DPLOLH XQG 3DVWRU.|OOLQJV ODJHQ ZHLW ]XUFN +LHU ZUGH VLH
QXQ MHGHQ 0RUJHQ JDQ] VRUJORV HUZDFKHQ« 'LHVH 6FKZDU]NRSIV
ZDUHQ SUlFKWLJH /HXWH *HVWHUQ DEHQG KDWWH HV ZDKUKDIWLJ HLQH
$SIHOVLQHQERZOH JHJHEHQ XQG PDQ KDWWH DXI HLQ JOFNOLFKHV
=XVDPPHQOHEHQDQJHVWR‰HQ 0DQ ZDU VHKU YHUJQJW JHZHVHQ 'HU
DOWH6FKZDU]NRSIKDWWH6HHJHVFKLFKWHQ]XPEHVWHQJHJHEHQXQGGHU
MXQJHYRQ*|WWLQJHQEHULFKWHWZRHUVWXGLHUWH«$EHUHVZDU GRFK
VRQGHUEDU GD‰ VLH QRFK LPPHU VHLQHQ 9RUQDPHQ QLFKW ZX‰WH 6LH
KDWWH PLW 6SDQQXQJ GDUDXI JHDFKWHW DEHU HU ZDU EHLP $EHQGHVVHQ
QLFKWPHKUJHQDQQWZRUGHQXQGHVKlWWHVLFKZRKOQLFKWJHVFKLFNW
GDQDFK ]X IUDJHQ 6LH GDFKWH DQJHVWUHQJW QDFK« 0HLQ *RWW ZLH
KLH‰GHUMXQJH0HQVFK0RRU«0RUG«"hEULJHQVKDWWHHULKUJXW
JHIDOOHQ GLHVHU 0RRU RGHU 0RUG (U KDWWH HLQ VR JXWPWLJ
YHUVFKPLW]WHV/DFKHQZHQQHUXP :DVVHU EDW XQG VWDWW GHVVHQ HLQ
SDDU %XFKVWDEHQ PLW =DKOHQ GDKLQWHU QDQQWH VR GD‰ GHU $OWH JDQ]
E|VH ZXUGH -D GDV VHL DEHU GLH ZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKH )RUPHO IU
:DVVHU« DOOHUGLQJV QLFKW IU GLHVHV :DVVHU GHQQ GLH )RUPHO IU
GLHVH 7UDYHPQGHU )OVVLJNHLW VHL ZRKO YLHO NRPSOL]LHUWHU -HGHQ
$XJHQEOLFN N|QQH PDQ HLQH 4XDOOH GDULQ ILQGHQ« 'LH KRKH
2EULJNHLW KDEH LKUH HLJQHQ %HJULIIH YRQ 6‰ZDVVHU« :RUDXI LKP
ZLHGHU HLQ YlWHUOLFKHU 9HUZHLV ]XWHLO JHZRUGHQ ZDU ZHLO HU LQ
ZHJZHUIHQGHP 7RQH YRQ GHU 2EULJNHLW JHVSURFKHQ KDWWH )UDX
6FKZDU]NRSI KDWWH LPPHU LQ 7RQ\¶V *HVLFKW QDFK %HZXQGHUXQJ
JHVXFKWXQGZDKUKDIWLJHUVSUDFKVHKUDPVDQW]XJOHLFKOXVWLJXQG


JHOHKUW« (U KDWWH VLFK ]LHPOLFK YLHO XP VLH JHNPPHUW GHU MXQJH
+HUU 6LH KDWWH JHNODJW GD‰ VLH EHLP (VVHQ HLQHQ KHL‰HQ .RSI
EHNlPH VLH JODXEH ]XYLHO %OXW ]X KDEHQ« :DV KDWWH HU
JHDQWZRUWHW" (U KDWWH VLH JHPXVWHUW XQG JHVDJW -D GLH $UWHULHQ DQ
GHQ 6FKOlIHQ VHLHQ JHIOOW DEHU GDV VFKOLH‰H QLFKW DXV GD‰ QLFKW
JHQXJ%OXWRGHUJHQXJURWH%OXWN|USHUFKHQLP.RSIHVHLHQ«6LHVHL
YLHOOHLFKWHLQEL‰FKHQEOHLFKVFKWLJ«
'HU .XFNXFN VSUDQJ DXV GHU JHVFKQLW]WHQ :DQGXKU XQG JOXFNVWH
YLHOH 0DOH KHOO XQG KRKO ª6LHEHQ DFKW QHXQ© ]lKOWH 7RQ\
ªDXIJHVWDQGHQ©8QGGDPLWVSUDQJVLHDXVGHP%HWWHXQG VWLH‰ GLH
)HQVWHUOlGHQ DXI 'HU +LPPHO ZDU HLQ ZHQLJ EHGHFNW DEHU GLH
6RQQH VFKLHQ 0DQ VDK EHU GDV /HXFKWHQIHOG PLW GHP 7XUP ZHLW
EHU GLH NUDXVH 6HH KLQDXV GLH UHFKWV LP %RJHQ YRQ GHU
PHFNOHQEXUJLVFKHQ .VWH EHJUHQ]W ZDU XQG VLFK LQ JUQOLFKHQ XQG
EODXHQ 6WUHLIHQ HUVWUHFNWH ELV VLH PLW GHP GXQVWLJHQ +RUL]RQW
]XVDPPHQIOR‰ 1DFKKHU ZLOO LFK EDGHQ GDFKWH 7RQ\ DEHU YRUKHU
RUGHQWOLFKIUKVWFNHQGDPLWGHU6WRIIZHFKVHOQLFKWDQPLU]HKUW«
8QG GDPLW PDFKWH VLH VLFK OlFKHOQG XQG PLW UDVFKHQ YHUJQJWHQ
%HZHJXQJHQDQV:DVFKHQXQG$QNOHLGHQ
(VZDUNXU]QDFKKDOE]HKQ8KUDOVVLHGLH6WXEHYHUOLH‰'LH7U
GHV=LPPHUVZR7RPJHVFKODIHQKDWWHVWDQGRIIHQHUZDULQDOOHU
)UKH ZLHGHU ]XU 6WDGW JHIDKUHQ 6FKRQ KLHU REHQLQ GHP ]LHPOLFK
KRFKJHOHJHQHQ6WRFNZHUNLQGHPQXU6FKODI]LPPHUODJHQURFKHV
QDFK .DIIHH 'DV VFKLHQ GHU FKDUDNWHULVWLVFKH *HUXFK GHV NOHLQHQ
+DXVHV]XVHLQXQGHUQDKP]XDOV7RQ\GLHPLWHLQHPVFKOLFKWHQ
XQGXUFKEURFKHQHQ+RO]JHOlQGHUYHUVHKHQH7UHSSHKLQXQWHUVWLHJXQG
GUXQWHQEHUGHQ.RUULGRUJLQJDQGHP:RKQXQG(‰]LPPHUXQG
GDV %XUHDX GHV /RWVHQNRPPDQGHXUV ODJHQ )ULVFK XQG LQ EHVWHU
/DXQHEHWUDWVLHLQLKUHPZHL‰HQ3LNHHNOHLGHGLH9HUDQGD
)UDX6FKZDU]NRSIVD‰PLWLKUHP6RKQHDOOHLQDP.DIIHHWLVFKHGHU
VFKRQ WHLOZHLVH DEJHUlXPW ZDU 6LH WUXJ HLQH EODXNDULHUWH
.FKHQVFKU]H EHU LKUHP EUDXQHQ .OHLG (LQ 6FKOVVHONRUE VWDQG
YRULKUª7DXVHQGPDOXP9HUJHEXQJ©VDJWHVLHLQGHPVLHDXIVWDQG
ªGD‰ ZLU QLFKW JHZDUWHW KDEHQ 0DPVHOO %XGGHQEURRN :LU VLQG
IUK DXI ZLU HLQIDFKHQ /HXWH 'D JLEW HV KXQGHUWHUOHL ]X WXQ«
6FKZDU]NRSILVWLQVHLQHP%XUHDX«1LFKWZDKU0DPVHOOLVWQLFKW
E|VH"©


7RQ\LKUHUVHLWVHQWVFKXOGLJWHVLFKª6LHPVVHQQLFKWJODXEHQGD‰
LFKLPPHUVRODQJHVFKODIH,FKKDEHHLQVHKUE|VHV*HZLVVHQ$EHU
GLH%RZOHYRQJHVWHUQDEHQG«©
+LHUILQJGHUMXQJH6RKQGHV+DXVHVDQ]XODFKHQ(UVWDQGVHLQH
NXU]H +RO]SIHLIH LQ GHU +DQG KLQWHU GHP 7LVFKH 'LH =HLWXQJ ODJ
YRULKP
ª-D 6LH VLQG VFKXOG© VDJWH 7RQ\ ªJXWHQ 0RUJHQ« 6LH KDEHQ
EHVWlQGLJ PLW PLU DQJHVWR‰HQ« -HW]W YHUGLHQH LFK QXU QRFK HLQHQ
NDOWHQ.DIIHH,FKP‰WHVFKRQJHIUKVWFNWXQGJHEDGHWKDEHQ«©
ª1HLQGDVZlUH]XIUKIUHLQHMXQJH'DPH8PVLHEHQZDUGDV
:DVVHUQRFK]LHPOLFKNDOWZLVVHQ6LHHOI*UDG«GDVVFKQHLGHWHLQ
EL‰FKHQQDFKGHU%HWWZlUPH«©
ª:RKHUZLVVHQ6LHGHQQGD‰LFKODXZDUPEDGHQZLOOPRQVLHXU"©
8QG7RQ\QDKPDP7LVFKH3ODW]ª6LHKDEHQPLUGHQ.DIIHHZDUP
JHKDOWHQ )UDX 6FKZDU]NRSI« $EHU HLQVFKHQNHQ WXH LFK PLU
VHOEVW«YLHOHQ'DQN©
'LH +DXVIUDX VDK ]X ZLH LKU *DVW GLH HUVWHQ %LVVHQ D‰ ª8QG
0DPVHOO KDW JXW JHVFKODIHQ GLH HUVWH 1DFKW" -D PHLQ *RWW GLH
0DWUDW]H LVW PLW 6HHJUDV JHIOOW« ZLU VLQG HLQIDFKH /HXWH« $EHU
QXQ ZQVFKH LFK JXWHQ $SSHWLW XQG HLQHQ YHUJQJWHQ 9RUPLWWDJ
0DPVHOO ZLUG VLFKHU PDQFKHUOHL %HNDQQWH DP 6WUDQGH WUHIIHQ«
:HQQ HV DQJHQHKP LVW EHJOHLWHW PHLQ 6RKQ 6LH KLQ 8P
9HU]HLKXQJ GD‰ LFK QLFKW OlQJHU *HVHOOVFKDIW OHLVWH DEHU LFK PX‰
QDFKGHP(VVHQVHKHQ,FKKDEHHLQH%UDWZXUVW«:LUJHEHQHVVR
JXWZLHZLUN|QQHQ©
ª,FKKDOWHPLFKDQGHQ6FKHLEHQKRQLJ©VDJWH7RQ\DOVGLHEHLGHQ
DOOHLQZDUHQª6HKHQ6LHGDZHL‰PDQGRFKZDVPDQYHUVFKOXFNW©
'HU MXQJH 6FKZDU]NRSI VWDQG DXI XQG OHJWH VHLQH 3IHLIH DXI GLH
%UVWXQJGHU9HUDQGDª$EHUUDXFKHQ6LHGRFK1HLQGDVVW|UWPLFK
JDQ]XQGJDUQLFKW:HQQLFK]X+DXVH]XP)UKVWFNNRPPHLVW
LPPHU VFKRQ 3DSDV =LJDUUHQUDXFK LQ GHU 6WXEH« 6DJHQ 6LH PDO©
IUDJWHVLHSO|W]OLFKªLVWHV ZDKU GD‰ HLQ (L VRYLHO ZHUW LVW ZLH HLQ
9LHUWHOSIXQG)OHLVFK"©
(U ZXUGH EHU XQG EHU URW ª:ROOHQ 6LH PLFK HLJHQWOLFK ]XP
EHVWHQ KDEHQ )UlXOHLQ %XGGHQEURRN"© IUDJWH HU ]ZLVFKHQ /DFKHQ
XQG bUJHU ª,FK KDEH JHVWHUQ DEHQG QRFK HLQHQ 5IIHO YRQ 9DWHU


EHNRPPHQ ZHJHQ PHLQHU )DFKVLPSHOHL XQG :LFKWLJWXHUHL ZLH HU
VDJWH«©
ª$EHU LFK KDEH JDQ] KDUPORV JHIUDJW"© 7RQ\ K|UWH YRU
%HVWU]XQJ HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN DXI ]X HVVHQ ª:LFKWLJWXHUHL :LH
NDQQ PDQ GHUJOHLFKHQ VDJHQ« ,FK P|FKWH JHUQ HWZDV HUIDKUHQ«
0HLQ *RWW LFK ELQ HLQH *DQV VHKHQ 6LH %HL 6HVHPL :HLFKEURGW
ZDU LFK LPPHU XQWHU GHQ )DXOVWHQ 8QG 6LH ZLVVHQ JODXEH LFK VR
YLHO«© ,QQHUOLFK GDFKWH VLH :LFKWLJWXHUHL" 0DQ EHILQGHW VLFK LQ
IUHPGHU*HVHOOVFKDIW]HLJWVLFKYRQ VHLQHU EHVWHQ 6HLWH VHW]W VHLQH
:RUWHXQGVXFKW]XJHIDOOHQGDVLVWGRFKNODU«
ª1XQMDHVGHFNWVLFKLQJHZLVVHU:HLVH©VDJWHHUJHVFKPHLFKHOW
ª:DVJHZLVVH1lKUVWRIIHEHWULIIW«©
+LHUDXI ZlKUHQG 7RQ\ IUKVWFNWH XQG GHU MXQJH 6FKZDU]NRSI
IRUWIXKU VHLQH 3IHLIH ]X UDXFKHQ ILQJ PDQ DQ YRQ 6HVHPL
:HLFKEURGW ]X VFKZDW]HQ YRQ 7RQ\¶V 3HQVLRQV]HLW YRQ LKUHQ
)UHXQGLQQHQ *HUGD $UQROGVHQ GLH QXQ ZLHGHULQ $PVWHUGDP ZDU
XQG $UPJDUG YRQ 6FKLOOLQJ GHUHQ ZHL‰HV +DXV PDQ YRP 6WUDQGH
DXVVHKHQNRQQWHZHQLJVWHQVEHLNODUHP:HWWHU«
6SlWHU DOV VLH VFKRQ PLW (VVHQ IHUWLJ ZDU XQG VLFK GHQ 0XQG
ZLVFKWH IUDJWH 7RQ\ LQGHP VLH DXI GLH =HLWXQJ GHXWHWH ª6WHKW
HWZDV1HXHVGDULQ"©
'HU MXQJH 6FKZDU]NRSI ODFKWH XQG VFKWWHOWH PLW VS|WWLVFKHP
0LWOHLG GHQ .RSI ª$FK QHLQ« :DV VROO ZRKO GDULQ VWHKHQ"«
:LVVHQ 6LH GLHVH 6WlGWLVFKHQ $Q]HLJHUQ VLQG HLQ NOlJOLFKHV
%OlWWFKHQ©
ª2K"«$EHU3DSDXQG0DPDKDEHQVLHLPPHUJHKDOWHQ"©
ª-DQXQ©VDJWHHUXQGZXUGHURW«ª,FKOHVHVLHMDDXFKZLH6LH
VHKHQ ZHLO HEHQ QLFKWV DQGHUHV ]XU +DQG LVW $EHU GD‰ GHU
*UR‰KlQGOHU .RQVXO 6RXQGVR VHLQH VLOEHUQH +RFK]HLW ]X IHLHUQ
JHGHQNWLVWQLFKWDOO]XHUVFKWWHUQG«-DMD6LHODFKHQ«$EHU6LH
VROOWHQ PDO DQGHUH %OlWWHU OHVHQ GLH ¾.|QLJVEHUJHU +lUWXQJ¶VFKH
=HLWXQJ½« RGHU GLH ¾5KHLQLVFKH =HLWXQJ½« GD ZUGHQ 6LH HWZDV
DQGHUHVILQGHQ:DVGHU.|QLJYRQ3UHX‰HQDXFKVDJHQPDJ«©
ª:DVVDJWHUGHQQ"©


ª-D« QHLQ GDV NDQQ LFK OHLGHU YRU HLQHU 'DPH QLFKW ]LWLHUHQ«©
8QG HU ZXUGH DEHUPDOV URW ª(U KDW VLFK ]LHPOLFK XQJQlGLJ EHU
GLHVH 3UHVVH JHlX‰HUW© IXKU HU PLW HLQHP HWZDV JHZDOWVDP
LURQLVFKHQ /lFKHOQ IRUW GDV 7RQ\ HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN SHLQOLFK
EHUKUWH ª6LH JHKW QLFKW VHKU JOLPSIOLFK PLW GHU 5HJLHUXQJ XP
ZLVVHQ 6LH PLW GHQ $GOLJHQ PLW 3IDIIHQ XQG -XQNHUQ« VLH ZHL‰
DOO]XJHVFKLFNWGLH=HQVXUDQGHU1DVH]XIKUHQ«©
ª1XQ XQG 6LH JHKHQ 6LH DXFK QLFKW JOLPSIOLFK PLW GHQ $GOLJHQ
XP"©
ª,FK"©IUDJWHHUXQGJHULHWLQ9HUOHJHQKHLW«
7RQ\ VWDQG DXI ª1D GDUEHU PVVHQ ZLU HLQ DQGHUHV 0DO UHGHQ
:LH ZlUH HV ZHQQ LFK QXQ ]XP 6WUDQGH JLQJH" 6HKHQ 6LH HV LVW
EHLQDKHJDQ]EODXJHZRUGHQ+HXWHZLUGHVQLFKWPHKUUHJQHQ,FK
KDEHGLHJU|‰WH/XVWZLHGHUHLQPDOLQGLH6HH]XVSULQJHQ:ROOHQ
6LHPLFKKLQXQWHUEHJOHLWHQ"«©

6LHEHQWHV.DSLWHO

6LHKDWWHLKUHQJUR‰HQ6WURKKXWDXIJHVHW]WXQGLKUHQ6RQQHQVFKLUP
DXIJHVSDQQW GHQQ HV KHUUVFKWH REJOHLFK HLQ NOHLQHU 6HHZLQG JLQJ
KHIWLJH +LW]H 'HU MXQJH 6FKZDU]NRSI VFKULWW LQ VHLQHP JUDXHQ
)LO]KXW VHLQ %XFK LQ GHU +DQG QHEHQ LKU KHU XQG EHWUDFKWHWH VLH
PDQFKPDO YRQ GHU 6HLWH 6LH JLQJHQ GLH 9RUGHUUHLKH HQWODQJ XQG
VSD]LHUWHQ GXUFK GHQ .XUJDUWHQ GHU VWXPP XQG VFKDWWHQORV PLW
VHLQHQ .LHVZHJHQ XQG 5RVHQDQODJHQ GDODJ 'HU 0XVLNWHPSHO
]ZLVFKHQ 1DGHOElXPHQ YHUVWHFNW VWDQG VFKZHLJHQG GHP .XUKDXV
GHU.RQGLWRUHL XQG GHQ EHLGHQ GXUFK HLQ ODQJHV =ZLVFKHQJHElXGH
PLWHLQDQGHU YHUEXQGHQHQ 6FKZHL]HUKlXVHUQ JHJHQEHU (V ZDU
JHJHQKDOE]Z|OI8KUGLH%DGHJlVWHPX‰WHQVLFKQRFKDP6WUDQGH
EHILQGHQ
'LHEHLGHQJLQJHQEHUGHQ.LQGHUVSLHOSODW]PLWGHQ%lQNHQXQG
GHU JUR‰HQ 6FKDXNHO VLH JLQJHQ QDKH DP :DUPEDGHKDXVH YRUEHL
XQG ZDQGHUWHQ ODQJVDP EHU GDV /HXFKWHQIHOG 'LH 6RQQH EUWHWH


DXI GHP *UDVH XQG OLH‰ GLHVHQ KHL‰HQ ZU]LJHQ *HUXFK YRQ .OHH
XQG.UDXWGDUDXV DXIVWHLJHQLQ GHP EODXH )OLHJHQ VXUUHQG VWDQGHQ
XQGXPKHUVFKRVVHQ(LQPRQRWRQHVJHGlPSIWHV5DXVFKHQNDPYRP
0HHUH KHU LQ GHVVHQ )HUQH GDQQ XQG ZDQQ NOHLQH 6FKDXPN|SIH
DXIEOLW]WHQª:DVOHVHQ6LHGDHLJHQWOLFK"©IUDJWH7RQ\
'HU MXQJH 0DQQ QDKP GDV %XFK LQ EHLGH +lQGH XQG EOlWWHUWH HV
VFKQHOO YRQ KLQWHQ QDFK YRUQH GXUFK ª$FK GDV LVW QLFKWV IU 6LH
)UlXOHLQ %XGGHQEURRN /DXWHU %OXW XQG *HGlUPH XQG (OHQG«
6HKHQ 6LH KLHU LVW JHUDGH YRQ /XQJHQ|GHP GLH 5HGH DXI GHXWVFK
6WLFNIOX‰ 'DEHL VLQG QlPOLFK GLH /XQJHQEOlVFKHQ PLW HLQHU VR
ZlVVHULJHQ)OVVLJNHLWDQJHIOOW«GDVLVWKRFKJUDGLJJHIlKUOLFKXQG
NRPPWEHL/XQJHQHQW]QGXQJYRU:HQQHVVFKOLPPLVWNDQQPDQ
QLFKWPHKUDWPHQXQGVWLUEWJDQ]HLQIDFK8QGGDVLVWDOOHVJDQ]NKO
YRQREHQKHUDEEHKDQGHOW«©
ª-D SIXL« $EHU ZHQQ PDQ 'RNWRU ZHUGHQ ZLOO« ,FK ZHUGH
GDIUVRUJHQGD‰ 6LH EHL XQV +DXVDU]W ZHUGHQ ZHQQ *UDERZ VLFK
VSlWHUHLQPDO]XU5XKHVHW]WSDVVHQ6LHDXI©
ª+D« 8QG ZDV OHVHQ 6LH GHQQ ZHQQ LFK IUDJHQ GDUI )UlXOHLQ
%XGGHQEURRN"©
ª.HQQHQ6LH+RIIPDQQ"©IUDJWH7RQ\
ª'HQPLWGHP.DSHOOPHLVWHUXQGGHP¾*ROGHQHQ7RSI½"-DGDVLVW
VHKUKEVFK«$EHUZLVVHQ6LHHVLVWGRFKZRKOPHKUIU'DPHQ
0lQQHUPVVHQKHXWHHWZDVDQGHUHVOHVHQ©
ª-HW]W PX‰ LFK 6LH HLQHV IUDJHQ© VDJWH 7RQ\ QDFK HLQ SDDU
6FKULWWHQ XQG ID‰WH HLQHQ (QWVFKOX‰ ª1lPOLFK ZLH KHL‰HQ 6LH
HLJHQWOLFK PLW 9RUQDPHQ" ,FK KDEH LKQ QRFK NHLQ HLQ]LJHV 0DO
YHUVWDQGHQ« GDV PDFKW PLFK I|UPOLFK QHUY|V ,FK KDEH JHUDGH]X
GDUEHUJHJUEHOW«©
ª6LHKDEHQGDUEHUJHJUEHOW"©
ª$FKMDQXQHUVFKZHUHQ6LHPLUGLH6DFKHQLFKW(VVFKLFNWVLFK
ZRKO QLFKW GD‰ LFK IUDJH DEHU LFK ELQ QDWUOLFK QHXJLHULJ«
hEULJHQVEUDXFKHLFKHVMDVRODQJHLFKOHEHQLFKW]XHUIDKUHQ©
ª1D LFK KHL‰H 0RUWHQ© VDJWH HU XQG ZXUGH VR URW ZLH QRFK
QLHPDOV
ª0RUWHQ"'DVLVWKEVFK©


ª1XQKEVFK«©
ª-D PHLQ *RWW« HV LVW GRFK KEVFKHU DOV ZHQQ 6LH +LQ] RGHU
.XQ]KLH‰HQ(VLVWHWZDV%HVRQGHUHVHWZDV$XVOlQGLVFKHV«©
ª6LH VLQG HLQH 5RPDQWLNHULQ 0DGHPRLVHOOH %XGGHQEURRN 6LH
KDEHQ]XYLHO+RIIPDQQJHOHVHQ«-DGLH6DFKHLVWJDQ]HLQIDFKGLH
0HLQ *UR‰YDWHU ZDU HLQ KDOEHU 1RUZHJHU XQG KLH‰ 0RUWHQ 1DFK
LKPELQLFKJHWDXIWZRUGHQ'DVLVWDOOHV«©
7RQ\ VWLHJ EHKXWVDP GXUFK GDV KRKH VFKDUIH 6FKLOIJUDV GDV DP
5DQGH GHV QDFNWHQ 6WUDQGHV VWDQG 'LH 5HLKH GHU K|O]HUQHQ
6WUDQGSDYLOORQVPLWLKUHQNHJHOI|UPLJHQ'lFKHUQODJYRULKQHQXQG
OLH‰ GHQ 'XUFKEOLFN DXI GLH 6WUDQGN|UEHIUHL GLH QlKHU DP :DVVHU
VWDQGHQ XQG XP GLH )DPLOLHQ LP ZDUPHQ 6DQGH ODJHUWHQ 'DPHQ
PLW EODXHQ 6FKXW]SLQFHQH] XQG /HLKELEOLRWKHNVElQGHQ +HUUHQ LQ
KHOOHQ$Q]JHQGLHP‰LJPLWLKUHQ6SD]LHUVW|FNHQ)LJXUHQLQGHQ
6DQG ]HLFKQHWHQ JHEUlXQWH .LQGHU PLW JUR‰HQ 6WURKKWHQ DXI GHQ
.|SIHQ GLH VFKDXIHOWHQ VLFK ZlO]WHQ QDFK :DVVHU JUXEHQ PLW
+RO]IRUPHQ.XFKHQEXNHQ7XQQHOV ERKUWHQ PLW EOR‰HQ %HLQHQ LQ
GLH QLHGULJHQ :HOOHQ KLQHLQZDWHWHQ XQG 6FKLIIH VFKZLPPHQ
OLH‰HQ« 5HFKWV UDJWH GDV +RO]JHElXGH GHU %DGHDQVWDOW LQ GLH 6HH
KLQDXV
ª1XQ PDUVFKLHUHQ ZLU JHUDGHVZHJV DXI GHQ 0|OOHQGRUSIVFKHQ
3DYLOORQ]X©VDJWH7RQ\ª/DVVHQ6LHXQVGRFKHWZDVDEELHJHQ©
ª*HUQ« DEHU 6LH ZHUGHQ VLFK QXQ MD ZRKO GHQ +HUUVFKDIWHQ
DQVFKOLH‰HQ«,FKVHW]HPLFKGDKLQWHQDXIGLH6WHLQH©
ª$QVFKOLH‰HQ« MD MD LFK ZHUGH ZRKO JXWHQ 7DJ VDJHQ PVVHQ
$EHU HV LVW PLU UHFKW ]XZLGHU PVVHQ 6LH ZLVVHQ ,FK ELQ
KLHUKHUJHNRPPHQXPPHLQHQ)ULHGHQ]XKDEHQ«©
ª)ULHGHQ"9RUZHP"©
ª1XQ9RUZHP«©
ª+|UHQ 6LH )UlXOHLQ %XGGHQEURRN LFK PX‰ 6LH DXFK QRFK HLQHV
IUDJHQ« DEHU EHL *HOHJHQKHLW VSlWHU ZHQQ =HLW GD]X LVW 1XQ
HUODXEHQ6LHGD‰LFK,KQHQ$GLHXVDJH,FKVHW]HPLFKGDKLQWHQDXI
GLH6WHLQH«©
ª6ROOLFK6LHQLFKWYRUVWHOOHQ+HUU6FKZDU]NRSI"©IUDJWH7RQ\PLW
:LFKWLJNHLW


ª1HLQ DFK QHLQ«© VDJWH 0RUWHQ HLOLJ ªLFK GDQNH VHKU ,FK
JHK|UH GRFK ZRKO NDXP GD]X ZLVVHQ 6LH ,FK VHW]H PLFK GDKLQWHQ
DXIGLH6WHLQH«©
(VZDUHLQHJU|‰HUH*HVHOOVFKDIWDXIGLH7RQ\]XVFKULWWZlKUHQG
0RUWHQ6FKZDU]NRSIVLFKUHFKWHU+DQG]XGHQJUR‰HQ6WHLQEO|FNHQ
EHJDEGLHQHEHQGHU%DGHDQVWDOWYRP:DVVHUEHVSOWZXUGHQHLQH
*UXSSHGLHYRUGHP0|OOHQGRUSIVFKHQ3DYLOORQODJHUWHXQGYRQGHQ
)DPLOLHQ 0|OOHQGRUSI +DJHQVWU|P .LVWHQPDNHU XQG 3ULWVFKH
JHELOGHW ZDUG $EJHVHKHQ YRQ .RQVXO 3ULWVFKH DXV +DPEXUJ GHP
%HVLW]HUGHV*DQ]HQXQG3HWHU'|KOPDQQGHP6XLWLHUEHVWDQGVLH
DXVVFKOLH‰OLFKDXV'DPHQXQG.LQGHUQGHQQHVZDU$OOWDJXQGGLH
PHLVWHQ +HUUHQ EHIDQGHQ VLFK LQ GHU 6WDGW EHL LKUHQ *HVFKlIWHQ
.RQVXO 3ULWVFKH HLQ lOWHUHU +HUU PLW JODWWUDVLHUWHP GLVWLQJXLHUWHP
*HVLFKW EHVFKlIWLJWH VLFK GUREHQ LP RIIHQHQ 3DYLOORQ PLW HLQHP
)HUQURKU GDV HU DXI HLQHQ LQ GHU )HUQH VLFKWEDUHQ 6HJOHU ULFKWHWH
3HWHU '|KOPDQQ PLW HLQHP EUHLWNUHPSLJHQ 6WURKKXW XQG
UXQGJHVFKQLWWHQHP6FKLIIHUEDUWVWDQGSODXGHUQGEHLGHQ'DPHQGLH
DXI 3ODLGV LP 6DQGH ODJHQ RGHU DXI NOHLQHQ 6HVVHOQ DXV 6HJHOWXFK
VD‰HQ)UDX6HQDWRULQ0|OOHQGRUSIJHERUHQH/DQJKDOVGLHPLWHLQHU
ODQJJHVWLHOWHQ/RUJQHWWHKDQWLHUWHXQGGHUHQ+DXSWYRQJUDXHP+DDU
XQRUGHQWOLFK XPVWDQGHQ ZDU )UDX +DJHQVWU|P QHEVW -XOFKHQ GLH
]LHPOLFK NOHLQ JHEOLHEHQ ZDU DEHU ZLH LKUH 0XWWHU EHUHLWV
%ULOODQWHQ LQ GHQ 2KUHQ WUXJ )UDX .RQVXO .LVWHQPDNHU QHEVW
7|FKWHUFKHQXQGGLH.RQVXOLQ3ULWVFKHHLQHUXQ]HOLJHNOHLQH'DPH
GLH HLQH +DXEH WUXJ XQG LP %DGH :LUWVSIOLFKWHQ YHUVDK 5RW XQG
HUPDWWHWVDQQVLHDXIQLFKWVDOV5HXQLRQV.LQGHUElOOH9HUORVXQJHQ
XQG 6HJHOSDUWLHQ« ,KUH 9RUOHVHULQ VD‰ LQ HLQLJHU (QWIHUQXQJ 'LH
.LQGHUVSLHOWHQDP:DVVHU
¾.LVWHQPDNHU 6|KQH½ZDUGLHDXIEOKHQGH:HLQKDQGOXQJGLHLQ
GHQOHW]WHQ-DKUHQ¾&).RSSHQ½DXVGHU0RGH]XEULQJHQEHJDQQ
'LH EHLGHQ 6|KQH (GXDUG XQG 6WHSKDQ DUEHLWHWHQ EHUHLWV LQ GHP
YlWHUOLFKHQ*HVFKlIW'HP.RQVXO'|KOPDQQIHKOWHQJlQ]OLFKGLH
DXVJHVXFKWHQ 0DQLHUHQ EHU GLH HWZD -XVWXV .U|JHU YHUIJWH HU
ZDUHLQELHGHUHU6XLWLHUHLQ6XLWLHUGHVVHQ6SH]LDOLWlWGLHJXWPWLJH
*UREKHLW ZDU XQG GHU VLFK LQ GHU *HVHOOVFKDIW DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK YLHO
KHUDXVQHKPHQ GXUIWH ZHLO HU ZX‰WH GD‰ HU EHVRQGHUV EHL GHQ
'DPHQ PLW VHLQHP EHKlELJHQ GUHLVWHQ XQG ODXWHQ *HEDUHQ DOV HLQ


2ULJLQDO EHOLHEW ZDU $OV DXI HLQHP 'LQHU EHL %XGGHQEURRNV VLFK
GDV (UVFKHLQHQ HLQHV *HULFKWHVODQJH =HLW YHU]|JHUWH GLH +DXVIUDX
LQ 9HUOHJHQKHLW XQG GLH EHVFKlIWLJXQJVORVH *HVHOOVFKDIW LQ
0L‰VWLPPXQJJHULHWVWHOOWHHUGLHJXWH/DXQHZLHGHUKHULQGHPHU
PLW VHLQHU EUHLWHQ XQG OlUPHQGHQ 6WLPPH EHU GLH JDQ]H 7DIHO
EUOOWHª,FNEQVRZLHG)UX.RQVXOLQ©
0LW HEHQ GLHVHU VFKDOOHQGHQ XQG JUREHQ 6WLPPH HU]lKOWH HU
DXJHQEOLFNOLFK IUDJZUGLJH $QHNGRWHQ GLH HU PLW SODWWGHXWVFKHQ
:HQGXQJHQZU]WH«'LH6HQDWRULQ0|OOHQGRUSIULHIHUVFK|SIWXQG
DX‰HU VLFK YRU /DFKHQ HLQPDO EHU GDV DQGHUH ª0HLQ *RWW +HUU
.RQVXOK|UHQ6LHHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNDXI©
7RQ\ %XGGHQEURRN ZDUG YRQ GHQ +DJHQVWU|PV NDOW YRQ GHU
EULJHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW PLW JUR‰HU +HU]OLFKNHLW HPSIDQJHQ 6HOEVW
.RQVXO3ULWVFKHNDPHLOIHUWLJGLH6WXIHQGHV3DYLOORQVKHUXQWHUGHQQ
HU KRIIWH GD‰ ZHQLJVWHQV LP QlFKVWHQ -DKUH ZLHGHU GLH
%XGGHQEURRNVKHOIHQZUGHQGDV%DG]XEHY|ONHUQ
ª'HU ,KULJH 0DPVHOO© VDJWH .RQVXO '|KOPDQQ PLW P|JOLFKVW
IHLQHU$XVVSUDFKHGHQQHUZX‰WHGD‰)UlXOHLQ%XGGHQEURRNVHLQH
0DQLHUHQ QLFKW EHVRQGHUV EHYRU]XJWH ª0DGHPRLVHOOH
%XGGHQEURRN©
ª6LHKLHU"©
ª:LHUHL]HQG©
ª8QGVHLWZDQQ"©
ª8QG ZHOFK LQ]FNHQGH 7RLOHWWH©  0DQ VDJWH ªLQ]FNHQG© 
ª8QG6LHZRKQHQ"©
ª%HL6FKZDU]NRSIV"©
ª%HLP/RWVHQNRPPDQGHXU"©
ª:LHRULJLQHOO©
ª:LHILQGHLFKGDVIRUFKWEDURULJLQHOO©0DQVDJWHªIRUFKWEDU©
ª6LH ZRKQHQ LQ GHU 6WDGW"© ZLHGHUKROWH .RQVXO 3ULWVFKH GHU
%HVLW]HUGHV.XUKDXVHVRKQHDKQHQ]XODVVHQGD‰LKQGLHVSHLQOLFK
EHUKUWH« ª:HUGHQ 6LH XQV QLFKW GDV 9HUJQJHQ PDFKHQ EHL GHU
QlFKVWHQ5HXQLRQ"©IUDJWHVHLQH*DWWLQ«ª2KQXUIUNXU]H=HLWLQ
7UDYHPQGH"© DQWZRUWHWH HLQH DQGHUH 'DPH« ª)LQGHQ 6LH QLFKW
/LHEH GD‰ GLH %XGGHQEURRNV HLQ EL‰FKHQ DOO]X H[NOXVLY VLQG"©


ZDQGWH VLFK )UDX +DJHQVWU|P JDQ] OHLVH DQ GLH 6HQDWRULQ
0|OOHQGRUSI«ª8QG6LHKDEHQQRFKQLFKWJHEDGHW"©IUDJWHMHPDQG
ª:HU YRQ GHQ MXQJHQ 'DPHQ KDW VRQVW KHXWH QRFK QLFKW JHEDGHW"
0DULHFKHQ -XOFKHQ /XLVFKHQ" 6HOEVWUHGHQG EHJOHLWHQ ,KUH
)UHXQGLQQHQ6LH)UlXOHLQ$QWRQLH«©
(LQLJHMXQJH0lGFKHQWUHQQWHQVLFKYRQGHU*HVHOOVFKDIWXPPLW
7RQ\]XEDGHQXQG3HWHU'|KOPDQQOLH‰HVVLFKQLFKWQHKPHQGLH
'DPHQGHQ6WUDQGHQWODQJ]XJHOHLWHQ
ª*RWW HULQQHUVW GX GLFK QRFK XQVHUHU 6FKXOJlQJH YRQ GDPDOV"©
IUDJWH7RQ\-XOFKHQ+DJHQVWU|P
ª-MD 6LH VSLHOWHQ LPPHU GLH %RVKDIWH© VDJWH -XOFKHQ PLW
PLWOHLGLJHP/lFKHOQ
0DQ JLQJ REHUKDOE GHV 6WUDQGHV DXI GHP 6WHJ YRQ SDDUZHLVH
JHOHJWHQ %UHWWHUQ GHU %DGHDQVWDOW ]X XQG DOV PDQ DQ GHQ 6WHLQHQ
YRUEHUNDPZR0RUWHQ6FKZDU]NRSIPLWVHLQHP%XFKHVD‰QLFNWH
7RQ\ LKP DXV GHU )HUQH PHKUPDOV PLW UDVFKHU .RSIEHZHJXQJ ]X
-HPDQGHUNXQGLJWHVLFKª:HQJU‰WHVWGX7RQ\"©
ª2K GDV ZDU GHU MXQJH 6FKZDU]NRSI© VDJWH 7RQ\ ªHU KDW PLFK
KHUXQWHUEHJOHLWHW«©
ª'HU6RKQGHV/RWVHQNRPPDQGHXUV"©IUDJWH-XOFKHQ+DJHQVWU|P
XQG EOLFNWH PLW LKUHQ EODQNHQ VFKZDU]HQ $XJHQ VFKDUI ]X 0RUWHQ
KLQEHUGHUVHLQHUVHLWVPLWHLQHUJHZLVVHQ0HODQFKROLHGLHHOHJDQWH
*HVHOOVFKDIWPXVWHUWH
7RQ\ DEHU VDJWH PLW ODXWHU 6WLPPH ª(LQHV EHGDXUH LFK QlPOLFK
GD‰]XP%HLVSLHO$XJXVW0|OOHQGRUSIQLFKWKLHULVW«(VPX‰GRFK
DOOWDJVUHFKWODQJZHLOLJDP6WUDQGHVHLQ©

$FKWHV.DSLWHO

+LHUPLWEHJDQQHQVFK|QH6RPPHUZRFKHQIU7RQ\%XGGHQEURRN
NXU]ZHLOLJHUHXQGDQJHQHKPHUHDOVVLHMHPDOVLQ7UDYHPQGHHUOHEW
KDWWH6LHEOKWHDXIQLFKWVODVWHWHPHKUDXILKULQLKUH:RUWHXQG
%HZHJXQJHQ NHKUWHQ .HFNKHLW XQG 6RUJORVLJNHLW ]XUFN 'HU


.RQVXOEHWUDFKWHWHVLHPLW:RKOJHIDOOHQZHQQHUVRQQWDJVPLW7RP
XQG&KULVWLDQQDFK7UDYHPQGHNDP'DQQVSHLVWHPDQDQGHU7DEOH
G¶KyWH WUDQN EHL GHU.XUPXVLN GHQ.DIIHH XQWHUGHP =HOWGDFK GHU
.RQGLWRUHLXQGVDKGULQQHQLP6DDOHGHU5RXOHWWH]XXPGLHOXVWLJH
/HXWH ZLH -XVWXV .U|JHU XQG 3HWHU '|KOPDQQ VLFK GUlQJWHQ 'HU
.RQVXOVSLHOWHQLHPDOV
7RQ\VRQQWHVLFKVLHEDGHWHD‰%UDWZXUVWPLW3IHIIHUQX‰VDXFHXQG
PDFKWH ZHLWH 6SD]LHUJlQJH PLW 0RUWHQ GHQ &KDXVVHHZHJ ]XP
1DFKEDURUWGHQ6WUDQGHQWODQJ]XGHPKRFKJHOHJHQHQ¾6HHWHPSHO½
GHUHLQHZHLWH$XVVLFKWEHU6HHXQG/DQGEHKHUUVFKWHRGHULQGDV
:lOGFKHQKLQDXIGDVKLQWHUP.XUKDXVHODJXQGDXIGHVVHQ+|KHGLH
JUR‰H7DEOHG¶KyWH*ORFNHKLQJ«2GHUVLHUXGHUWHQEHUGLH7UDYH
]XP3ULZDOOZRHV%HUQVWHLQ]XILQGHQJDE«
0RUWHQ ZDU HLQ XQWHUKDOWHQGHU %HJOHLWHU ZLHZRKO VHLQH
0HLQXQJHQHLQZHQLJKLW]LJXQGDEVSUHFKHQGZDUHQ(UIKUWHEHU
DOOH 'LQJH HLQ VWUHQJHV XQG JHUHFKWHV 8UWHLO PLW VLFK GDV HU PLW
(QWVFKLHGHQKHLW KHUYRUEUDFKWH REJOHLFK HU URW GDEHL ZXUGH 7RQ\
ZDUG EHWUEW XQG VLH VFKDOW LKQ ZHQQ HU PLW HWZDV XQJHVFKLFNWHU
DEHU ]RUQLJHU *HVWHDOOH $GHOLJHQIU ,GLRWHQ XQG (OHQGH HUNOlUWH 
DEHU VLH ZDU VHKU VWRO] GDUDXI GD‰ HU LKU JHJHQEHU RIIHQ XQG
]XWUDXOLFK VHLQH $QVFKDXXQJHQ DXVVSUDFK GLH HU GHQ (OWHUQ
YHUVFKZLHJ«
(LQPDOVDJWHHUª'LHVPX‰LFK,KQHQQRFKHU]lKOHQ$XIPHLQHU
%XGH LQ *|WWLQJHQ KDEH LFK HLQ YROONRPPHQHV *HULSSH« ZLVVHQ
6LH VR HLQ .QRFKHQJHULSSH QRWGUIWLJ PLW HWZDV 'UDKW
]XVDPPHQJHKDOWHQ 1D GLHVHP *HULSSH KDEH LFK HLQH DOWH
3ROL]LVWHQXQLIRUP DQJH]RJHQ« KD )LQGHQ 6LH GDV QLFKW
DXVJH]HLFKQHW" $EHU VDJHQ 6LH HV XP *RWWHV ZLOOHQ QLFKW PHLQHP
9DWHU©
(V NRQQWH QLFKW IHKOHQ GD‰ 7RQ\ RIWPDOV PLW LKUHU VWlGWLVFKHQ
%HNDQQWVFKDIW DP 6WUDQGH RGHULP .XUJDUWHQ YHUNHKUWH GD‰ VLH ]X
GLHVHU RGHU MHQHU 5HXQLRQ XQG 6HJHOSDUWLH KLQ]XJH]RJHQ ZXUGH
'DQQ VD‰ 0RUWHQ ¾DXI GHQ 6WHLQHQ½ 'LHVH 6WHLQH ZDUHQ VHLW GHP
HUVWHQ 7DJH ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ EHLGHQ ]XU VWHKHQGHQ 5HGHZHQGXQJ
JHZRUGHQ¾$XIGHQ6WHLQHQVLW]HQ½GDVEHGHXWHWH¾YHUHLQVDPWVHLQ
XQGVLFKODQJZHLOHQ½.DPHLQ5HJHQWDJGHUGLH6HHZHLWXQGEUHLW
LQ HLQHQ JUDXHQ 6FKOHLHU KOOWH GD‰ VLH Y|OOLJ PLW GHP WLHIHQ


+LPPHO]XVDPPHQIOR‰GHUGHQ6WUDQGGXUFKZHLFKWHXQGGLH:HJH
EHUVFKZHPPWHGDQQVDJWH7RQ\ª+HXWHPVVHQZLUEHLGHDXIGHQ
6WHLQHQVLW]HQ«GDVKHL‰WLQGHU9HUDQGDRGHULP:RKQ]LPPHU(V
EOHLEWQLFKWVEULJDOVGD‰6LHPLU,KUH6WXGHQWHQOLHGHUYRUVSLHOHQ
0RUWHQREJOHLFKHVPLFKJUHXOLFKODQJZHLOW©
ª-D©VDJWH0RUWHQªVHW]HQZLUXQV«$EHUZLVVHQ6LHZHQQ6LH
GDEHL VLQG VR VLQG HV NHLQH 6WHLQH PHKU©« hEULJHQV VDJWH HU
GHUJOHLFKHQQLFKWZHQQVHLQ9DWHU]XJHJHQZDUVHLQH0XWWHUGXUIWH
HVK|UHQ
ª:DV QXQ"© IUDJWH GHU /RWVHQNRPPDQGHXU ZHQQ QDFK GHP
0LWWDJHVVHQ 7RQ\ XQG 0RUWHQ JOHLFK]HLWLJ DXIVWDQGHQ XQG VLFK
DQVFKLFNWHQ DXI XQG GDYRQ ]X JHKHQ« ª:RKLQ PLW GHQ MXQJHQ
+HUUVFKDIWHQ"©
ª-D LFK GDUI )UlXOHLQ $QWRQLH HLQ EL‰FKHQ ]XP 6HHWHPSHO
EHJOHLWHQ©
ª6RGDUIVWGXGDV"6DJHPDOPHLQ6RKQ)LOLXVZlUHHVQLFKWDP
(QGHDQJHEUDFKWHUGXVHW]WHVWGLFKDXIGHLQH6WXEHXQGUHSHWLHUWHVW
GHLQH 1HUYHQVWUlQJH" 'X KDVW DOOHV YHUJHVVHQ ELV GX ZLHGHU QDFK
*|WWLQJHQNRPPVW«©
)UDX 6FKZDU]NRSI DEHU VSUDFK VDQIW ª'LHGHULFK PHLQ *RWW
ZDUXPVROOHUQLFKWPLWJHKHQ"/D‰LKQGRFKPLWJHKHQ(UKDWGRFK
)HULHQ8QGVROOHUGHQQJDUQLFKWVYRQXQVHUHP%HVXFKHKDEHQ"©
6RJLQJHQVLH
6LHJLQJHQGHQ6WUDQGHQWODQJJDQ]XQWHQDP:DVVHUGRUWZRGHU
6DQG YRQ GHU )OXW EHQHW]W JHJOlWWHW XQG JHKlUWHW LVW VR GD‰ PDQ
PKHORV JHKHQ NDQQ ZR NOHLQH JHZ|KQOLFKH ZHL‰H 0XVFKHOQ
YHUVWUHXW OLHJHQ XQG DQGHUH OlQJOLFKH JUR‰H RSDOLVLHUHQGH
GD]ZLVFKHQJHOEJUQHVQDVVHV6HHJUDVPLWUXQGHQKRKOHQ)UFKWHQ
ZHOFKH NQDOOHQ ZHQQ PDQ VLH ]HUGUFNW XQG 4XDOOHQ HLQIDFKH
ZDVVHUIDUEHQH VRZRKO ZLH URWJHOEH JLIWLJH ZHOFKH GDV %HLQ
YHUEUHQQHQZHQQPDQVLHEHLP%DGHQEHUKUW«
ª:ROOHQ6LHZLVVHQZLHGXPPLFKIUKHUZDU"©VDJWH7RQ\ª,FK
ZROOWHGLHEXQWHQ6WHUQHDXVGHQ4XDOOHQKHUDXVKDEHQ,FKWUXJHLQH
JDQ]H 0HQJH 4XDOOHQ LP 7DVFKHQWXFKH QDFK +DXVH XQG OHJWH VLH
VlXEHUOLFK DXI GHQ %DONRQ LQ GLH 6RQQH GDPLW VLH YHUGXQVWHWHQ«
GDQQ PX‰WHQ GLH 6WHUQH GRFK EULJEOHLEHQ -D VFK|Q« $OV LFK


QDFKVDK ZDU GD HLQ ]LHPOLFK JUR‰HU QDVVHU )OHFN (V URFK QXU HLQ
EL‰FKHQQDFKIDXOHP6HHWDQJ«©
6LHJLQJHQGDVUK\WKPLVFKH5DXVFKHQGHUODQJJHVWUHFNWHQ:HOOHQ
QHEHQ VLFK GHQ IULVFKHQ 6DO]ZLQG LP *HVLFKW GHU IUHL XQG RKQH
+LQGHUQLV GDKHUNRPPW GLH 2KUHQ XPKOOW XQG HLQHQ DQJHQHKPHQ
6FKZLQGHO HLQH JHGlPSIWH %HWlXEXQJ KHUYRUUXIW« 6LH JLQJHQ LQ
GLHVHP ZHLWHQ VWLOO VDXVHQGHQ )ULHGHQ DP 0HHUH GHU MHGHV NOHLQH
*HUlXVFKREIHUQRGHUQDK]XJHKHLPQLVYROOHU%HGHXWXQJHUKHEW«
/LQNV EHIDQGHQ VLFK ]HUNOIWHWH $EKlQJH DXV JHOEHP /HKP XQG
*HU|OO JOHLFKI|UPLJ PLW LPPHU QHX KHUYRUVSULQJHQGHQ (FNHQ
ZHOFKHGLH%LHJXQJHQGHU.VWHYHUGHFNWHQ+LHULUJHQGZRZHLOGHU
6WUDQG]XVWHLQLJZXUGHNOHWWHUWHQVLHKLQDXIXPGUREHQGXUFKGDV
*HK|O] GHQ DQVWHLJHQGHQ :HJ ]XP 6HHWHPSHO IRUW]XVHW]HQ 'HU
6HHWHPSHOHLQUXQGHU3DYLOORQZDUDXVURKHQ%RUNHQ6WlPPHQXQG
%UHWWHUQHUEDXWGHUHQ,QQHQVHLWHQPLW,QVFKULIWHQ,QLWLDOHQ+HU]HQ
*HGLFKWHQ EHGHFNW ZDUHQ« 7RQ\ XQG 0RUWHQ VHW]WHQ VLFK LQ HLQH
GHUNOHLQHQDEJHWHLOWHQ.DPPHUQGLHGHU6HH]XJHZDQGWZDUHQXQG
LQGHQHQHVQDFK+RO]URFKZLHLQGHQ.DELQHQGHU%DGHDQVWDOWDXI
GLHVFKPDOHURKJH]LPPHUWH%DQNLP+LQWHUJUXQGH
(V ZDU VHKU VWLOO XQG IHLHUOLFK KLHU REHQ XP GLHVH
1DFKPLWWDJVVWXQGH (LQ SDDU 9|JHO VFKZDW]WHQ XQG GDV OHLVH
5DXVFKHQGHU%lXPHYHUPLVFKWHVLFKPLWGHPGHV0HHUHVGDVVLFK
GRUWWLHIXQWHQDXVEUHLWHWHXQGLQGHVVHQ)HUQHGDV7DNHOZHUNHLQHV
6FKLIIHV ]X VHKHQ ZDU *HVFKW]W YRU GHP :LQGH GHU ELVODQJ XP
LKUH2KUHQJHVSLHOWKDWWHHPSIDQGHQVLHSO|W]OLFKHLQHQDFKGHQNOLFK
VWLPPHQGH6WLOOH
7RQ\HUNXQGLJWHVLFKª.RPPWGHURGHUJHKWHU"©
ª:LH"©IUDJWH0RUWHQPLWVHLQHUVFKZHUIlOOLJHQ6WLPPH«XQGDOV
RE HU DXV LUJHQGHLQHU WLHIHQ $EZHVHQKHLW HUZDFKWH VDJWH HU UDVFK
ª*HKW 'DV LVW GHU ¾%UJHUPHLVWHU 6WHHQERFN½ GHU QDFK 5X‰ODQG
IlKUW  ,FK P|FKWH QLFKW PLW© VHW]WH HU QDFK HLQHU 3DXVH KLQ]X
ª'RUWPX‰HVQRFKHPS|UHQGHU]XJHKHQDOVEHLXQV©
ª6R© VDJWH 7RQ\ ª1XQ JHGHQNHQ 6LH ZLHGHU PLW GHQ $GOLJHQ
DQ]XIDQJHQ 0RUWHQ LFK VHKH HV ,KUHP *HVLFKWH DQ (V LVW QLFKW
VFK|QYRQ,KQHQ«+DEHQ6LHMHPDOVHLQHQJHNDQQW"©
ª1HLQ©ULHI0RUWHQEHLQDKHHQWUVWHWª*RWWVHL'DQN©


ª-D -D VHKHQ 6LH ZRKO" ,FK DEHU (LQ 0lGFKHQ DOOHUGLQJV
$UPJDUG YRQ 6FKLOOLQJ GRUW GUEHQ YRQ GHU LFK ,KQHQ VFKRQ
HU]lKOWH1XQVLHZDU JXWPWLJHU DOV 6LH XQG LFK VLH ZX‰WH NDXP
GD‰VLH¾YRQ½KLH‰VLHD‰0HWWZXUVWXQGVSUDFKYRQLKUHQ.KHQ«©
ª6LFKHUOLFK JLEW HV $XVQDKPHQ )UlXOHLQ 7RQ\© VDJWH HU HLIULJ
ª$EHU K|UHQ 6LH« 6LH VLQG HLQH MXQJH 'DPH 6LH VHKHQ DOOHV
SHUV|QOLFKDQ6LHNHQQHQHLQHQ$GOLJHQXQGVDJHQ$EHUHULVWGRFK
HLQ EUDYHU 0HQVFK *HZL‰« DEHU PDQ EUDXFKW JDU NHLQHQ ]X
NHQQHQ XP VLH DOOH ]X YHUXUWHLOHQ 'HQQ HV KDQGHOW VLFK XP GDV
3ULQ]LS ZLVVHQ 6LH XP GLH (LQULFKWXQJ -D GDUDXI PVVHQ 6LH
VFKZHLJHQ«:LH"-HPDQGEUDXFKWQXUJHERUHQ]XZHUGHQXPHLQ
$XVHUOHVHQHU XQG (GOHU ]X VHLQ« GHU YHUlFKWOLFK DXI XQV DQGHUH
KHUDEEOLFNHQ GDUI« GLH ZLU PLW DOOHQ 9HUGLHQVWHQ QLFKW DXI VHLQH
+|KH JHODQJHQ N|QQHQ"«© 0RUWHQ VSUDFK PLW HLQHU QDLYHQ XQG
JXWKHU]LJHQ(QWUVWXQJHUYHUVXFKWH+DQGEHZHJXQJHQ]XPDFKHQ
VDKVHOEVWGD‰VLHXQJHVFKLFNWZDUHQXQGXQWHUOLH‰VLHZLHGHU$EHU
HU UHGHWH IRUW (U ZDU LQ 6WLPPXQJ (U VD‰ YRUJHEHXJW HLQHQ
'DXPHQ ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ .Q|SIHQ VHLQHU -RSSH XQG JDE VHLQHQ
JXWPWLJHQ $XJHQ HLQHQ WURW]LJHQ $XVGUXFN« ª:LU GLH
%RXUJHRLVLHGHUGULWWH6WDQGZLHZLUELVMHW]WJHQDQQWZRUGHQVLQG
ZLU ZROOHQ GD‰ QXU QRFK HLQ $GHO GHV 9HUGLHQVWHV EHVWHKH ZLU
HUNHQQHQ GHQ IDXOHQ $GHO QLFKW PHKU DQ ZLU OHXJQHQ GLH MHW]LJH
5DQJRUGQXQJGHU6WlQGH«ZLUZROOHQGD‰DOOH0HQVFKHQIUHLXQG
JOHLFKVLQGGD‰QLHPDQGHLQHU3HUVRQXQWHUZRUIHQLVWVRQGHUQDOOH
QXU GHQ *HVHW]HQ XQWHUWlQLJ VLQG« (V VROO NHLQH 3ULYLOHJLHQ XQG
NHLQH :LOONU PHKU JHEHQ« $OOH VROOHQ JOHLFKEHUHFKWLJWH .LQGHU
GHV6WDDWHVVHLQXQGZLHNHLQH0LWWOHUVFKDIWPHKUH[LVWLHUW]ZLVFKHQ
GHP/DLHQXQGGHPOLHEHQ*RWWVRVROODXFKGHU%UJHU]XP6WDDWH
LQ XQPLWWHOEDUHP 9HUKlOWQLV VWHKHQ« :LU ZROOHQ )UHLKHLW GHU
3UHVVHGHU*HZHUEHGHV+DQGHOV«:LUZROOHQGD‰DOOH0HQVFKHQ
RKQH 9RUUHFKWH PLWHLQDQGHU NRQNXUULHUHQ N|QQHQ XQG GD‰ GHP
9HUGLHQVWH VHLQH .URQH ZLUG  $EHU ZLU VLQG JHNQHFKWHW
JHNQHEHOW«ZDVZROOWHLFKHEHQVDJHQ"-DSDVVHQ6LHDXI9RUYLHU
-DKUHQVLQGGLH%XQGHVJHVHW]HEHUGLH8QLYHUVLWlWHQXQGGLH3UHVVH
HUQHXHUW ZRUGHQ  VFK|QH *HVHW]H (V GDUI NHLQH :DKUKHLW
QLHGHUJHVFKULHEHQ RGHU JHOHKUW ZHUGHQ GLH YLHOOHLFKW QLFKW PLW GHU
EHVWHKHQGHQ 2UGQXQJ GHU 'LQJH EHUHLQVWLPPW« 9HUVWHKHQ 6LH"


'LH:DKUKHLWZLUGXQWHUGUFNWVLHNRPPWQLFKW]XP :RUWH«XQG
ZDUXP" HLQHP LGLRWLVFKHQ YHUDOWHWHQ KLQIlOOLJHQ =XVWDQG ]XOLHEH
GHUZLHMHGHUPDQQZHL‰IUKHURGHUVSlWHUMDGHQQRFKDEJHVFKDIIW
ZHUGHQZLUG«,FKJODXEH6LHEHJUHLIHQGLHVH*HPHLQKHLWJDUQLFKW
'LH *HZDOW GLH GXPPH URKH DXJHQEOLFNOLFKH 3ROL]LVWHQJHZDOW
JDQ]RKQH9HUVWlQGQLVIUGDV*HLVWLJHXQG1HXH«1HLQYRQDOOHP
DEJHVHKHQZLOOLFKQXUQRFKHLQHVVDJHQ«'HU.|QLJYRQ3UHX‰HQ
KDW HLQ JUR‰HV 8QUHFKW EHJDQJHQ 'DPDOV $QQR GUHL]HKQ DOV GLH
)UDQ]RVHQ LP /DQGH ZDUHQ KDW HU XQV JHUXIHQ XQG XQV GLH
.RQVWLWXWLRQ YHUVSURFKHQ« ZLU VLQG JHNRPPHQ ZLU KDEHQ
'HXWVFKODQGEHIUHLW«©
7RQ\ GLH LKQ GDV .LQQ LQ GLH +DQG JHVWW]W YRQ GHU 6HLWH
EHWUDFKWHWHEHUOHJWHHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNHUQVWOLFKREHUVHOEVWZRKO
ZLUNOLFKJHKROIHQKDEHQN|QQH1DSROHRQ]XYHUWUHLEHQ
ª« DEHU PHLQHQ 6LH GD‰ GDV 9HUVSUHFKHQ HLQJHO|VW ZRUGHQ LVW"
$FKQHLQ'HUMHW]LJH.|QLJLVWHLQ6FK|QUHGQHUHLQ7UlXPHUHLQ
5RPDQWLNHU ZLH 6LH )UlXOHLQ 7RQ\« 'HQQ HLQHV PVVHQ 6LH
EHDFKWHQ :HQQ GLH 3KLORVRSKHQ XQG 'LFKWHU HLQH :DKUKHLW HLQH
$QVFKDXXQJ HLQ 3ULQ]LS VRHEHQ ZLHGHU EHUZXQGHQ XQG DEJHWDQ
KDEHQ GDQQ NRPPW DOOPlKOLFK HLQ .|QLJ GHU QXQ JHUDGH GDEHL
DQJHODQJWLVWGHUQXQJHUDGHGLHVIUGDV1HXHVWHXQG%HVWHKlOWXQG
VLFK GDQDFK EHQHKPHQ ]X PVVHQ JODXEW« -D VR LVW HV PLW GHP
.|QLJWXP EHVWHOOW 'LH .|QLJH VLQG QLFKW QXU 0HQVFKHQ VLH VLQG
VRJDU K|FKVW PLWWHOPl‰LJH 0HQVFKHQ VLH VLQG LPPHU XP PHKUHUH
3RVWPHLOHQ]XUFN«$FKPLW'HXWVFKODQGLVWHVJHJDQJHQZLHPLW
HLQHP %XUVFKHQVFKDIWV6WXGHQWHQ GHU ]XU =HLW GHU )UHLKHLWVNULHJH
VHLQH PXWLJH XQG EHJHLVWHUWH -XJHQG KDWWH XQG QXQ ]XP NOlJOLFKHQ
3KLOLVWHUJHZRUGHQLVW«©
ª-DMD© VDJWH 7RQ\ ª$OOHV JXW $EHU ODVVHQ 6LH PLFK GDV HLQH
IUDJHQ« :DV JHKW 6LH GDV HLJHQWOLFK DQ" 6LH VLQG MD JDU NHLQ
3UHX‰H«©
ª$FKGDVLVWDOOHVHLQV)UlXOHLQ%XGGHQEURRN-DLFKQHQQH,KUHQ
)DPLOLHQQDPHQ XQG ]ZDU PLW $EVLFKW« XQG LFK P‰WH HLJHQWOLFK
QRFK ¾'HPRLVHOOH½ %XGGHQEURRN VDJHQ GDPLW ,KQHQ ,KU JDQ]HV
5HFKW ZLUG 6LQG EHL XQV HWZD GLH 0HQVFKHQ IUHLHU JOHLFKHU
EUGHUOLFKHUDOVLQ3UHX‰HQ"6FKUDQNHQ$EVWDQG$ULVWRNUDWLHKLHU
ZLH GRUW« 6LH KDEHQ 6\PSDWKLH IU GLH $GOLJHQ« VROO LFK ,KQHQ


VDJHQ ZDUXP" :HLO 6LH VHOEVW HLQH $GOLJH VLQG -DKD KDEHQ 6LH
GDVQRFKQLFKWJHZX‰W"«,KU9DWHULVWHLQJUR‰HU+HUUXQG6LHVLQG
HLQH3ULQ]H‰(LQ$EJUXQGWUHQQW6LHYRQXQVDQGHUHQGLHZLUQLFKW
]X ,KUHP .UHLVH YRQ KHUUVFKHQGHQ )DPLOLHQ JHK|UHQ 6LH N|QQHQ
ZRKOHLQPDOPLWHLQHPYRQXQV]XU(UKROXQJHLQEL‰FKHQDQGHU6HH
6SD]LHUHQJHKHQ DEHU ZHQQ 6LH ZLHGHU LQ ,KUHQ .UHLV GHU
%HYRU]XJWHQ XQG $XVHUZlKOWHQ WUHWHQ GDQQ NDQQ PDQ DXI GHQ
6WHLQHQ VLW]HQ«© 6HLQH 6WLPPH ZDU JDQ] IUHPGDUWLJ HUUHJW
JHZRUGHQ
ª0RUWHQ©VDJWH7RQ\WUDXULJª1XQKDEHQ6LHVLFKGRFKJHlUJHUW
ZHQQ 6LH DXI GHQ 6WHLQHQ VD‰HQ ,FK KDEH 6LH GRFK JHEHWHQ VLFK
YRUVWHOOHQ]XODVVHQ«©
ª2K6LHQHKPHQGLH6DFKHZLHGHUDOVMXQJH'DPH]XSHUV|QOLFK
)UlXOHLQ7RQ\,FKVSUHFKHGRFKLP3ULQ]LS«,FKVDJHGD‰EHLXQV
QLFKW PHKU EUGHUOLFKH 0HQVFKOLFKNHLW KHUUVFKW DOV LQ 3UHX‰HQ«
8QGZHQQLFKSHUV|QOLFKVSUlFKH©IXKUHUQDFKHLQHUNOHLQHQ3DXVH
PLW OHLVHUHU 6WLPPH IRUW DXV GHU DEHU GLH HLJHQWPOLFKH (UUHJXQJ
QLFKWYHUVFKZXQGHQZDUªVRZUGHLFKQLFKWGLH*HJHQZDUWPHLQHQ
VRQGHUQ HKHU YLHOOHLFKW GLH =XNXQIW« ZHQQ 6LH DOV HLQH 0DGDPH
6RXQGVR HLQPDO HQGJOWLJ LQ ,KUHP YRUQHKPHQ %HUHLFK
YHUVFKZLQGHQZHUGHQXQG«PDQ]HLWVHLQHV/HEHQVDXIGHQ6WHLQHQ
VLW]HQNDQQ«©
(UVFKZLHJXQGDXFK7RQ\VFKZLHJ6LHEOLFNWHLKQQLFKWPHKUDQ
VRQGHUQ QDFK GHU DQGHUHQ 6HLWH DXI GLH %UHWWHUZDQG QHEHQ LKU (V
KHUUVFKWH ]LHPOLFK ODQJH HLQH EHNORPPHQH 6WLOOH ª(ULQQHUQ 6LH
VLFK©ILQJ0RUWHQZLHGHUDQªGD‰LFK,KQHQHLQPDOVDJWHLFKKlWWH
HLQH)UDJHDQ6LH]XULFKWHQ"-DGLHEHVFKlIWLJWPLFKVHLWGHPHUVWHQ
1DFKPLWWDJHDOV6LHKLHUDQNDPHQPVVHQ6LHZLVVHQ«5DWHQ6LH
QXU QLFKW 6LH N|QQHQ XQP|JOLFK ZLVVHQ ZDV LFK PHLQH ,FK IUDJH
HLQDQGHUHV0DOEHL*HOHJHQKHLWHVKDWNHLQH(LOHHVJHKWPLFKLP
*UXQGH JDU QLFKWVDQ HV LVW EOR‰ 1HXJLHUGH« 1HLQ KHXWH ZLOO LFK
,KQHQQXUGDVHLQHYHUUDWHQ«HWZDVDQGHUHV«6HKHQ6LHPDO©
+LHUEHL ]RJ 0RUWHQ DXV GHU 7DVFKH VHLQHU -RSSH GDV (QGH HLQHV
VFKPDOHQ EXQWJHVWUHLIWHQ %DQGHV KHUYRU XQG VDK PLW HLQHP
*HPLVFK YRQ (UZDUWXQJ XQG 7ULXPSK LQ 7RQ\¶V $XJHQ ª:LH
KEVFK©VDJWHVLHYHUVWlQGQLVORVª:DVEHGHXWHWGDV"©


0RUWHQDEHUVSUDFKIHLHUOLFKª'DVEHGHXWHWGD‰LFKLQ*|WWLQJHQ
HLQHU%XUVFKHQVFKDIWVYHUELQGXQJDQJHK|UHQXQZLVVHQ6LHHV,FK
KDEH DXFK HLQH 0W]H LQ GLHVHQ )DUEHQ DEHU GLH KDEH LFK IU GLH
)HULHQ]HLW GHP *HULSSH LQ GHU 3ROL]LVWHQXQLIRUP DXIJHVHW]W«GHQQ
KLHU GUIWH LFK PLFK QLFKW GDPLW VHKHQ ODVVHQ YHUVWHKHQ 6LH« ,FK
NDQQGRFKGDUDXIUHFKQHQGD‰6LHUHLQHQ0XQGKDOWHQ":HQQPHLQ
9DWHUYRQGHU6DFKHHUIKUHVRJlEHHVHLQ8QJOFN«©
ª.HLQ :RUW 0RUWHQ 1HLQ DXI PLFK N|QQHQ 6LH ]lKOHQ« $EHU
LFK ZHL‰ JDU QLFKWV GDYRQ« 6LQG 6LH DOOH JHJHQ GLH $GOLJHQ
YHUVFKZRUHQ"«:DVZROOHQ6LH"©
ª:LUZROOHQGLH)UHLKHLW©VDJWH0RUWHQ
ª'LH)UHLKHLW"©IUDJWHVLH
ª1XQMDGLH)UHLKHLWZLVVHQ6LHGLH)UHLKHLW«©ZLHGHUKROWHHU
LQGHP HU HLQH YDJH HLQ ZHQLJ OLQNLVFKH DEHU EHJHLVWHUWH
$UPEHZHJXQJ KLQDXV KLQXQWHU EHU GLH 6HH KLQ YROOIKUWH XQG
]ZDU QLFKW QDFK MHQHU 6HLWH ZR GLH PHFNOHQEXUJLVFKH .VWH GLH
%XFKWEHVFKUlQNWHVRQGHUQGRUWKLQZRGDV0HHURIIHQZDUZRHV
VLFK LQ LPPHU VFKPDOHU ZHUGHQGHQ JUQHQ EODXHQ JHOEHQ XQG
JUDXHQ 6WUHLIHQ OHLFKW JHNUlXVHOW JUR‰DUWLJ XQG XQDEVHKEDU GHP
YHUZLVFKWHQ+RUL]RQWHQWJHJHQGHKQWH«
7RQ\ IROJWH PLW GHQ $XJHQ GHU 5LFKWXQJ VHLQHU +DQG XQG
ZlKUHQGQLFKWYLHOIHKOWHGD‰EHLGHU+lQGHGLHQHEHQHLQDQGHUDXI
GHUUDXKHQ+RO]EDQNODJHQVLFKYHUHLQLJWHQEOLFNWHQVLHJHPHLQVDP
LQ GLHVHOEH )HUQH 6LH VFKZLHJHQ ODQJH LQGHV GDV 0HHU UXKLJ XQG
VFKZHUIlOOLJ ]X LKQHQ KHUDXIUDXVFKWH« XQG 7RQ\ JODXEWH SO|W]OLFK
HLQLJ ]X VHLQ PLW 0RUWHQ LQ HLQHP JUR‰HQ XQEHVWLPPWHQ
DKQXQJVYROOHQXQGVHKQVFKWLJHQ9HUVWlQGQLVGHVVHQZDV¾)UHLKHLW½
EHGHXWHWH

1HXQWHV.DSLWHO

ª(V LVW PHUNZUGLJ GD‰ PDQ VLFK DQ GHU 6HH QLFKW ODQJZHLOHQ
NDQQ 0RUWHQ /LHJHQ 6LH HLQPDO DQ HLQHP DQGHUHQ 2UWH GUHL RGHU


YLHU 6WXQGHQ ODQJ DXI GHP 5FNHQ RKQH HWZDV ]X WXQ RKQH DXFK
QXUHLQHP*HGDQNHQQDFK]XKlQJHQ«©
ª-D MD« hEULJHQV PX‰ LFK JHVWHKHQ GD‰ LFK PLFK IUKHU
PDQFKPDO JHODQJZHLOW KDEH )UlXOHLQ 7RQ\ DEHU GDV LVW HLQLJH
:RFKHQKHU«©
'HU +HUEVW NDP GHU HUVWH VWDUNH :LQG KDWWH VLFK DXIJHPDFKW
*UDXH GQQH XQG ]HUULVVHQH :RONHQ IODWWHUWHQ HLOLJ EHU GHQ
+LPPHO 'LH WUEH ]HUZKOWH 6HH ZDU ZHLW XQG EUHLW PLW 6FKDXP
EHGHFNW*UR‰HVWDUNH:RJHQZlO]WHQVLFKPLWHLQHUXQHUELWWOLFKHQ
XQGIXUFKWHLQIO|‰HQGHQ5XKHKHUDQQHLJWHQVLFKPDMHVWlWLVFKLQGHP
VLH HLQH GXQNHOJUQH PHWDOOEODQNH 5XQGXQJ ELOGHWHQ XQG VWU]WHQ
OlUPHQGEHUGHQ6DQG
'LH 6DLVRQ ZDU Y|OOLJ ]X (QGH 'HU 7HLO GHV 6WUDQGHV GHQ VRQVW
GLH0HQJHGHU%DGHJlVWHEHY|ONHUWHXQGZRMHW]WGLH3DYLOORQV]XP
7HLOH VFKRQ DEJHEURFKHQ ZDUHQ ODJ PLW ZHQLJHQ 6LW]N|UEHQ IDVW
DXVJHVWRUEHQ GD $EHU 7RQ\ XQG 0RUWHQ ODJHUWHQ QDFKPLWWDJV LQ
HLQHUHQWIHUQWHQ*HJHQGGRUWZRGLHJHOEHQ/HKPZlQGHEHJDQQHQ
XQG ZR GLH :HOOHQ DP ¾0|ZHQVWHLQ½ LKUHQ *LVFKW KRFK
HPSRUVFKOHXGHUWHQ 0RUWHQ KDWWH LKU HLQHQ IHVWJHNORSIWHQ 6DQGEHUJ
JHWUPW GDUDQ OHKQWH VLH PLW GHP 5FNHQ GLH )‰H LQ
.UHX]EDQGVFKXKHQ XQG ZHL‰HQ 6WUPSIHQ EHUHLQDQGHUJHOHJW LQ
LKUHUZHLFKHQJUDXHQ+HUEVWMDFNHPLWJUR‰HQ.Q|SIHQ0RUWHQLKU
]XJHZDQGW ODJ GDV .LQQ LQ GLH +DQG JHVWW]W DXI GHU 6HLWH (LQH
0|ZH VFKR‰ GDQQ XQG ZDQQ EHU GLH 6HH XQG OLH‰ LKUHQ
5DXEYRJHOVFKUHL YHUQHKPHQ 6LH VDKHQ GLH JUQHQ PLW 6HHJUDV
GXUFKZDFKVHQHQ :lQGH GHU :HOOHQ DQ GLH GURKHQG GDKHUNDPHQ
XQGDQGHP6WHLQEORFN]HUEDUVWHQGHUVLFKLKQHQHQWJHJHQVWHOOWH«
LQGLHVHPLUUHQHZLJHQ*HW|VHGDVEHWlXEWVWXPP PDFKWXQGGDV
*HIKOGHU=HLWHUW|WHW
(QGOLFK PDFKWH 0RUWHQ HLQH %HZHJXQJ DOV RE HU VLFK VHOEVW
HUZHFNWHXQGIUDJWHª1XQZHUGHQ6LHZRKOEDOGDEUHLVHQ)UlXOHLQ
7RQ\"©
ª1HLQ«ZLHVR"©VDJWH7RQ\DEZHVHQGXQGRKQH9HUVWlQGQLV
ª-DPHLQ*RWWZLUKDEHQGHQ]HKQWHQ6HSWHPEHU«PHLQH)HULHQ
VLQG RKQHKLQ EDOG ]X (QGH« ZLH ODQJH NDQQ GDV QRFK GDXHUQ
)UHXHQ 6LH VLFK DXI GLH *HVHOOVFKDIWHQ LQ GHU 6WDGW«" 6DJHQ 6LH


PDO(VVLQGZRKOOLHEHQVZUGLJH+HUUHQPLWGHQHQ6LHWDQ]HQ«"
1HLQ GDV ZROOWH LFK DXFK QLFKW IUDJHQ -HW]W PVVHQ 6LH PLU HLQHV
EHDQWZRUWHQ© VDJWH HU LQGHP HU PLW SO|W]OLFKHP (QWVFKOXVVH VHLQ
.LQQLQGHU+DQG]XUHFKWUFNWHXQGVLHDQEOLFNWHª(VLVWGLH)UDJH
GLH LFK VR ODQJH DXIJHVSDUW KDEH« ZLVVHQ 6LH" 1XQ :HU LVW +HUU
*UQOLFK"©
7RQ\IXKU]XVDPPHQVDKLKPUDVFKLQV*HVLFKWXQGOLH‰GDQQLKUH
$XJHQ XPKHUVFKZHLIHQ ZLH MHPDQG GHU DQ HLQHQ IHUQHQ 7UDXP
HULQQHUWZLUG'DEHLZXUGHGDV*HIKOLQLKUOHEHQGLJGDVVLHLQGHU
=HLW QDFK +HUUQ *UQOLFKV :HUEXQJ HUSUREW KDWWH GDV *HIKO
SHUV|QOLFKHU :LFKWLJNHLW ª'DV ZROOHQ 6LH ZLVVHQ0RUWHQ"© IUDJWH
VLHHUQVWª1XQGDQQZLOOLFKHV,KQHQVDJHQ(VLVWPLU]ZDUK|FKVW
SHLQOLFK YHUVWHKHQ 6LH GD‰ 7KRPDV GHQ 1DPHQ DP HUVWHQ
1DFKPLWWDJH HUZlKQWH DEHU GD 6LH LKQ HLQPDO JHK|UW KDEHQ«
JHQXJ+HUU*UQOLFK%HQGL[*UQOLFKGDVLVWHLQ*HVFKlIWVIUHXQG
PHLQHV9DWHUVHLQZRKOVLWXLHUWHU.DXIPDQQDXV+DPEXUJGHULQGHU
6WDGW XP PHLQH +DQG DQJHKDOWHQ KDW« DEHU QHLQ© DQWZRUWHWH VLH
UDVFK DXI HLQH %HZHJXQJ 0RUWHQV ªLFK KDEH LKQ ]XUFNJHZLHVHQ
LFK KDEH PLFK QLFKW HQWVFKOLH‰HQ N|QQHQ LKP PHLQ -DZRUW IUV
/HEHQ]XHUWHLOHQ©
ª8QG ZDUXP QLFKW« ZHQQ LFK IUDJHQ GDUI"© VDJWH 0RUWHQ
XQJHVFKLFNW
ª:DUXP" 2 *RWW ZHLO LFK LKQ QLFKW DXVVWHKHQ NRQQWH© ULHI VLH
EHLQDKHHQWUVWHW«ª6LHKlWWHQLKQNHQQHQVROOHQZLHHUDXVVDKXQG
ZLH HU VLFK EHQDKP 8QWHU DQGHUHP KDWWH HU JROGJHOEH )DYRULV«
Y|OOLJ XQQDWUOLFK ,FK ELQ EHU]HXJW GD‰ HU VLFK PLW GHP 3XOYHU
IULVLHUWHPLWGHPPDQGLH:HLKQDFKWVQVVHYHUJROGHW«$X‰HUGHP
ZDU HU IDOVFK (U VFKZlQ]HOWH XP PHLQH (OWHUQ KHUXP XQG VSUDFK
LKQHQLQVFKDPORVHU:HLVHQDFKGHP0XQGH«©
0RUWHQ XQWHUEUDFK VLH ª$EHU ZDV KHL‰W« 6LH PVVHQ PLU QRFK
HLQHVVDJHQ«ZDVKHL‰W¾'DVSXW]WJDQ]XQJHPHLQ½"©
7RQ\ JHULHW LQ HLQ QHUY|VHV XQG NLFKHUQGHV /DFKHQ ª-D« VR
VSUDFK HU 0RUWHQ (U VDJWH QLFKW ¾'DV QLPPW VLFK JXW DXV½ RGHU
¾'DVVFKPFNWGDV=LPPHU½VRQGHUQ¾'DVSXW]WJDQ]XQJHPHLQ½«
VR DOEHUQ ZDU HU LFK YHUVLFKHUH 6LH« 'DEHL ZDU HU LP K|FKVWHQ
*UDGH DXIGULQJOLFK HU OLH‰ QLFKW YRQ PLU DE REJOHLFK LFK LKQ


QLHPDOVDQGHUVDOVPLW,URQLHEHKDQGHOWH(LQPDOPDFKWHHUPLUHLQH
6]HQH EHL GHU HU EHLQDKH ZHLQWH« LFK ELWWH 6LH HLQ 0DQQ GHU
ZHLQW«©
ª(UPX‰6LHVHKUYHUHKUWKDEHQ©VDJWH0RUWHQOHLVH
ª$EHUZDVJLQJPLFKGDVDQ©ULHIVLHHUVWDXQWLQGHPVLHVLFKDQ
LKUHP6DQGEHUJ]XU6HLWHZDQGWH«
ª6LH VLQG JUDXVDP )UlXOHLQ 7RQ\« 6LQG 6LH LPPHU JUDXVDP"
6DJHQ 6LH PLU« 6LH KDEHQ GLHVHQ +HUUQ *UQOLFK QLFKW OHLGHQ
N|QQHQ DEHU VLQG 6LH MHPDOV HLQHP DQGHUHQ ]XJHWDQ JHZHVHQ"«
0DQFKPDO GHQNH LFK +DEHQ 6LH YLHOOHLFKW HLQ NDOWHV +HU]" (LQHV
ZLOOLFK,KQHQVDJHQ«HVLVWVRZDKUGD‰LFKHV,KQHQEHVFKZ|UHQ
NDQQ (LQ 0DQQ LVW QLFKW DOEHUQ ZHLO HU GDUEHU ZHLQW GD‰ 6LH
QLFKWV YRQ LKP ZLVVHQ ZROOHQ« GDV LVW HV ,FK ELQ QLFKW VLFKHU
GXUFKDXVQLFKWVLFKHUGD‰LFKQLFKWHEHQIDOOV«6HKHQ6LH6LHVLQG
HLQ YHUZ|KQWHV YRUQHKPHV *HVFK|SI« 0RNLHUHQ 6LH VLFK LPPHU
QXUEHU GLH /HXWH GLH ]X ,KUHQ )‰HQ OLHJHQ" +DEHQ 6LH ZLUNOLFK
HLQNDOWHV+HU]"©
1DFKGHUNXU]HQ+HLWHUNHLWEHJDQQQXQSO|W]OLFK7RQ\¶V2EHUOLSSH
]X]LWWHUQ6LHULFKWHWHHLQ3DDUJUR‰HUXQGEHWUEWHU$XJHQDXILKQ
GLH ODQJVDP EODQN YRQ 7UlQHQ ZXUGHQ XQG VDJWH OHLVH ª1HLQ
0RUWHQJODXEHQ6LHGDVYRQPLU"«'DVPVVHQ6LHQLFKWYRQPLU
JODXEHQ©
ª,FK JODXEH HV MD DXFK QLFKW© ULHI 0RUWHQ PLW HLQHP /DFKHQ LQ
GHP(UJULIIHQKHLWXQGPKVDPXQWHUGUFNWHU-XEHO]XK|UHQZDU«
(UZlO]WHVLFKY|OOLJKHUXPVRGD‰HUQXQDXIGHP%DXFKHQHEHQLKU
ODJHUJULIILQGHPHUGLH(OOHQERJHQDXIVWW]WHPLWEHLGHQ+lQGHQ
GLHLKUHXQGVDKPLWVHLQHQVWDKOEODXHQJXWPWLJHQ$XJHQHQW]FNW
XQG EHJHLVWHUW LQ LKU *HVLFKW ª8QG 6LH« 6LH PRNLHUHQ VLFK QLFKW
EHUPLFKZHQQLFK,KQHQVDJHGD‰«©
ª,FKZHL‰0RUWHQ©XQWHUEUDFKVLHLKQOHLVHZlKUHQGVLHVHLWZlUWV
DXILKUHIUHLH+DQGEOLFNWHGLHODQJVDPGHQZHLFKHQZHL‰HQ6DQG
GXUFKGLH)LQJHUJOHLWHQOLH‰
ª6LHZLVVHQ«8QG6LH«6LH)UlXOHLQ7RQ\«©
ª-D0RUWHQ,FKKDOWHJUR‰H6WFNHDXI6LH,FKKDEH6LHVHKUJHUQ
,FKKDEH6LHOLHEHUDOVDOOHGLHLFKNHQQH©


(UIXKUDXIHUPDFKWHHLQSDDU$UPEHZHJXQJHQXQGZX‰WHQLFKW
ZDVHUWXQVROOWH(UVSUDQJDXIGLH)‰HZDUIVLFKVRIRUWZLHGHUEHL
LKU QLHGHU XQG ULHI PLW HLQHU 6WLPPH GLH VWRFNWH ZDQNWH VLFK
EHUVFKOXJ XQG ZLHGHU W|QHQG ZXUGH YRU *OFN ª$FK LFK GDQNH
,KQHQ LFK GDQNH ,KQHQ 6HKHQ 6LH QXQ ELQ LFK VR JOFNOLFK ZLH
QRFKQLHPDOVLQPHLQHP/HEHQ«©'DQQILQJHUDQLKUH+lQGH]X
NVVHQ
3O|W]OLFK VDJWH HU OHLVHU ª6LH ZHUGHQ QXQ EDOG QDFK GHU 6WDGW
DEUHLVHQ7RQ\XQGPHLQH)HULHQVLQGLQYLHU]HKQ7DJHQ]X(QGH«
GDQQ PX‰ LFK ZLHGHU QDFK *|WWLQJHQ $EHU ZROOHQ 6LH PLU
YHUVSUHFKHQ GD‰ 6LH GLHVHQ 1DFKPLWWDJ KLHU DP 6WUDQGH QLFKW
YHUJHVVHQ ZHUGHQ ELV LFK ]XUFNNRPPH« XQG 'RNWRU ELQ« XQG
EHL ,KUHP 9DWHU IU XQV ELWWHQ NDQQ VR VFKZHU HV VHLQ ZLUG" 8QG
GD‰6LHXQWHUGHVVHQNHLQHQ+HUUQ*UQOLFKHUK|UHQZHUGHQ"«2K
HVZLUGQLFKWODQJHGDXHUQSDVVHQ6LHDXI,FKZHUGHDUEHLWHQZLH
HLQ«XQGHVLVWJDUQLFKWVFKZHU«©
ª-D 0RUWHQ© VDJWH VLH JOFNOLFK XQG DEZHVHQG LQGHP VLH VHLQH
$XJHQ VHLQHQ 0XQG XQG VHLQH +lQGH EHWUDFKWHWH GLH GLH LKUHQ
KLHOWHQ«
(U ]RJ LKUH +DQGQRFK QlKHU DQVHLQH %UXVWXQG IUDJWH JHGlPSIW
XQGELWWHQGª:ROOHQ6LHPLUGDUDXIKLQQLFKW«'DUILFKGDVQLFKW«
EHNUlIWLJHQ«"©
6LH DQWZRUWHWH QLFKW VLH VDK LKQ QLFKW HLQPDO DQ VLH VFKRE QXU
JDQ] OHLVH LKUHQ 2EHUN|USHU DP 6DQGEHUJ HLQ ZHQLJ QlKHU ]X LKP
KLQXQG0RUWHQN‰WHVLHODQJVDPXQGXPVWlQGOLFKDXIGHQ0XQG
'DQQ VDKHQ VLH QDFK YHUVFKLHGHQHQ 5LFKWXQJHQ LQ GHQ 6DQG XQG
VFKlPWHQVLFKEHUGLH0D‰HQ

=HKQWHV.DSLWHO

7HXHUVWH'HPRLVHOOH%XGGHQEURRN
:LH ODQJH LVW HV KHU GD‰ 8QWHU]HLFKQHWHU GDV $QJHVLFKW GHV
UHL]HQGVWHQ 0lGFKHQV QLFKW PHKU HUEOLFNHQ GXUIWH" 'LHVH VR


ZHQLJHQ =HLOHQ VROOHQ ,KQHQ VDJHQ GD‰ GLHVHV $QJHVLFKW QLFKW
DXIJHK|UW KDW YRU VHLQHP JHLVWLJHQ $XJH ]X VFKZHEHQ GD‰ HU
ZlKUHQG GLHVHU KDQJHQGHQ XQG EDQJHQGHQ :RFKHQ XQDEOlVVLJ
HLQJHGHQN JHZHVHQ LVW GHV N|VWOLFKHQ 1DFKPLWWDJV LQ ,KUHP
HOWHUOLFKHQ6DORQDQ GHP 6LH VLFK HLQ9HUVSUHFKHQ HLQ KDOEHV XQG
YHUVFKlPWHV ]ZDU QRFK XQG GRFK VR EHVHOLJHQGHV HQWVFKOSIHQ
OLH‰HQ 6HLWGHP VLQG ODQJH :RFKHQ YHUIORVVHQ ZlKUHQG GHUHU 6LH
VLFK EHKXIV 6DPPOXQJ XQG 6HOEVWHUNHQQWQLV YRQ GHU :HOW
]XUFNJH]RJHQKDEHQVRGD‰LFKQXQZRKOKRIIHQGDUIGD‰GLH=HLW
GHU 3UIXQJ YRUEHU LVW (QGHVXQWHUIHUWLJWHU HUODXEW VLFK ,KQHQ
WHXHUVWH 'HPRLVHOOH PLWIROJHQGHV 5LQJOHLQ DOV 8QWHUSIDQG VHLQHU
XQVWHUEOLFKHQ =lUWOLFKNHLW KRFKDFKWXQJVYROOVW ]X EHUVHQGHQ 0LW
GHQ GHYRWHVWHQ .RPSOLPHQWHQ XQG OLHEHYROOVWHQ +DQGNVVHQ
]HLFKQHDOV
'HUR+RFKZRKOJHERUHQ
HUJHEHQVWHU
*UQOLFK

/LHEHU3DSD
2*RWWZLHKDEHLFKPLFKJHlUJHUW%HLIROJHQGHQ%ULHIXQG5LQJ
HUKLHOWLFKVRHEHQYRQ*UVRGD‰LFK.RSIZHKYRU$XIUHJXQJKDEH
XQGZHL‰LFKQLFKWV%HVVHUHV]XWXQDOVEHLGHVDQ'LFK]XUFNJHKHQ
]X ODVVHQ *U ZLOO PLFK QLFKW YHUVWHKHQ XQG LVW GDV ZDV HU VR
SRHWLVFKYRQGHP¾9HUVSUHFKHQ½VFKUHLEWHLQIDFKQLFKWGHU)DOOXQG
ELWWH LFK 'LFK VR GULQJHQG LKP QXQ GRFK NXU]HUKDQG SODXVLEHO ]X
PDFKHQ GD‰ LFK MHW]W QRFK WDXVHQGPDO ZHQLJHU DOV YRU VHFKV
:RFKHQ LQ GHU /DJH ELQ LKP PHLQ -DZRUW IUV /HEHQ ]X HUWHLOHQ
XQG GD‰ HU PLFK HQGOLFK LQ )ULHGHQ ODVVHQ VROO HU PDFKW VLFK MD
OlFKHUOLFK 'LU GHP EHVWHQ 9DWHU NDQQ LFK HV MD VDJHQ GD‰ LFK
DQGHUZHLWLJJHEXQGHQELQDQMHPDQGHQGHUPLFKOLHEWXQGGHQLFK
OLHEHGD‰HVVLFKJDUQLFKWVDJHQOl‰W23DSD'DUEHUN|QQWHLFK
YLHOH %RJHQ YROOVFKUHLEHQ LFK VSUHFKH YRQ +HUUQ 0RUWHQ
6FKZDU]NRSI GHU $U]W ZHUGHQ ZLOO XQG VRZLH HU 'RNWRU LVW XP
PHLQH +DQG DQKDOWHQ ZLOO ,FK ZHL‰ MD GD‰ HV 6LWWH LVW HLQHQ
.DXIPDQQ ]X KHLUDWHQ DEHU 0RUWHQ JHK|UW HEHQ ]X GHP DQGHUHQ
7HLOHYRQDQJHVHKHQHQ+HUUHQGHQ*HOHKUWHQ(ULVWQLFKWUHLFKZDV


ZRKOIU'LFKXQG0DPDJHZLFKWLJLVWDEHUGDVPX‰LFK'LUVDJHQ
OLHEHU 3DSD VR MXQJ LFK ELQ DEHU GDV ZLUG GDV /HEHQ PDQFKHQ
JHOHKUW KDEHQ GD‰ 5HLFKWXP DOOHLQ QLFKW LPPHU MHGHQ JOFNOLFK
PDFKW0LWWDXVHQG.VVHQ
YHUEOHLEHLFK
'HLQHJHKRUVDPH7RFKWHU
$QWRQLH36'HU5LQJLVWQLHGULJHV*ROGXQG]LHPOLFKVFKPDOZLH
LFKVHKH

0HLQHOLHEH7RQ\
'HLQ 6FKUHLEHQ LVW PLU ULFKWLJ JHZRUGHQ $XI VHLQHQ *HKDOW
HLQJHKHQG WHLOH LFK 'LU PLW GD‰ LFK SIOLFKWJHPl‰ QLFKW HUPDQJHOW
KDEH+HUUQ*UEHU'HLQH$QVFKDXXQJGHU'LQJHLQJH]LHPHQGHU
)RUP]XXQWHUULFKWHQGDV5HVXOWDWMHGRFKZDUGHUDUWLJGD‰HVPLFK
DXIULFKWLJ HUVFKWWHUW KDW 'X ELVW HLQ HUZDFKVHQHV 0lGFKHQ XQG
EHILQGHVW'LFKLQHLQHUVRHUQVWHQ/HEHQVODJHGD‰LFKQLFKWDQVWHKHQ
GDUI'LUGLH)ROJHQQDPKDIW]XPDFKHQGLHHLQOHLFKWIHUWLJHU6FKULWW
'HLQHUVHLWV QDFK VLFK ]LHKHQ NDQQ +HUU *U QlPOLFK EUDFK EHL
PHLQHQ:RUWHQLQ9HU]ZHLIOXQJDXVLQGHPHUULHIVRVHKUOLHEHHU
'LFK XQG VR ZHQLJ N|QQH HU 'HLQHQ 9HUOXVW YHUVFKPHU]HQ GD‰ HU
ZLOOHQV VHL VLFK GDV /HEHQ ]X QHKPHQ ZHQQ 'X DXI 'HLQHP
(QWVFKOXVVH EHVWQGHVW 'D LFK GDV ZDV 'X PLU YRQ HLQHU
DQGHUZHLWLJHQ1HLJXQJVFKUHLEVWQLFKWHUQVWQHKPHQNDQQVR ELWWH
LFK'LFK'HLQH(UUHJXQJEHUGHQ]XJHVDQGWHQ5LQJ]XEHPHLVWHUQ
XQGDOOHVQRFK HLQPDO EHL 'LU VHOEVW PLW (UQVW ]X HUZlJHQ0HLQHU
FKULVWOLFKHQ hEHU]HXJXQJ QDFK OLHEH 7RFKWHU LVW HV GHV 0HQVFKHQ
3IOLFKWGLH*HIKOHHLQHVDQGHUHQ]XDFKWHQXQGZLUZLVVHQ QLFKW
RE'XQLFKWHLQVWZUGHVWYRQHLQHPK|FKVWHQ5LFKWHUGDIUKDIWEDU
JHPDFKWZHUGHQGD‰GHU0DQQGHVVHQ*HIKOH'XKDUWQlFNLJXQG
NDOWYHUVFKPlKWHVWVLFKJHJHQVHLQHLJHQHV/HEHQYHUVQGLJWH'DV
HLQHDEHUZHOFKHVLFK'LUPQGOLFKVFKRQRIW]XYHUVWHKHQJHJHEHQ
P|FKWH LFK 'LU LQV *HGlFKWQLV ]XUFNUXIHQ XQG IUHXH LFK PLFK
*HOHJHQKHLW ]X KDEHQ HV 'LU VFKULIWOLFK ]X ZLHGHUKROHQ 'HQQ
REJOHLFK GLH PQGOLFKH 5HGH OHEHQGLJHU XQG XQPLWWHOEDUHU ZLUNHQ
PDJ VR KDW GRFK GDV JHVFKULHEHQH :RUW GHQ 9RU]XJ GD‰ HV PLW
0X‰H JHZlKOW XQG JHVHW]W ZHUGHQ NRQQWH GD‰ HV IHVWVWHKW XQG LQ


GLHVHU YRP 6FKUHLEHQGHQ ZRKO HUZRJHQHQ XQG EHUHFKQHWHQ )RUP
XQG 6WHOOXQJ ZLHGHU XQG ZLHGHU JHOHVHQ ZHUGHQ XQG JOHLFKPl‰LJ
ZLUNHQNDQQ  :LU VLQG PHLQH OLHEH7RFKWHU QLFKWGDIU JHERUHQ
ZDV ZLU PLW NXU]VLFKWLJHQ $XJHQ IU XQVHU HLJHQHV NOHLQHV
SHUV|QOLFKHV *OFN KDOWHQ GHQQ ZLU VLQG QLFKW ORVH XQDEKlQJLJH
XQG IU VLFK EHVWHKHQGH (LQ]HOZHVHQ VRQGHUQ ZLH *OLHGHU LQ HLQHU
.HWWHXQGZLUZlUHQVRZLHZLUVLQGQLFKWGHQNEDURKQHGLH5HLKH
GHUMHQLJHQGLHXQVYRUDQJLQJHQXQGXQVGLH:HJHZLHVHQLQGHPVLH
LKUHUVHLWV PLW 6WUHQJH XQG RKQH QDFK UHFKWV RGHU OLQNV ]X EOLFNHQ
HLQHU HUSUREWHQ XQGHKUZUGLJHQ hEHUOLHIHUXQJ IROJWHQ 'HLQ :HJ
ZLH PLFK GQNW OLHJW VHLW OlQJHUHQ :RFKHQ NODU XQG VFKDUI
DEJHJUHQ]WYRU'LUXQG'XP‰WHVWQLFKWPHLQH7RFKWHUVHLQQLFKW
GLH(QNHOLQ'HLQHVLQ*RWWUXKHQGHQ*UR‰YDWHUVXQGEHUKDXSWQLFKW
HLQ ZUGLJ *OLHG XQVHUHU )DPLOLH ZHQQ 'X HUQVWOLFK LP 6LQQH
KlWWHVW 'X DOOHLQ PLW 7URW] XQG )ODWWHUVLQQ 'HLQH HLJQHQ
XQRUGHQWOLFKHQ3IDGH]XJHKHQ'LHVPHLQHOLHEH$QWRQLHELWWHLFK
'LFKLQ'HLQHP+HU]HQ]XEHZHJHQ
'HLQH 0XWWHU 7KRPDV &KULVWLDQ &ODUD XQG .ORWKLOGH ZHOFK
OHW]WHUHPHKUHUH:RFKHQEHLLKUHP9DWHUDXI8QJQDGHYHUOHEWKDW 
DXFK 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ JU‰HQ 'LFK YRQ JDQ]HP +HU]HQ ZLU
IUHXHQ XQV DOOH 'LFK EDOG ZLHGHU LQ XQVHUH $UPH VFKOLH‰HQ ]X
N|QQHQ
,QWUHXHU/LHEH
'HLQ9DWHU

(OIWHV.DSLWHO

(VUHJQHWHLQ6WU|PHQ+LPPHO(UGHXQG:DVVHUYHUVFKZDPPHQ
LQHLQDQGHUZlKUHQGGHU6WR‰ZLQGLQGHQ5HJHQIXKUXQGLKQJHJHQ
GLH )HQVWHUVFKHLEHQ WULHE GD‰ QLFKW 7URSIHQ VRQGHUQ %lFKH GDUDQ
KLQXQWHUIORVVHQ XQG VLH XQGXUFKVLFKWLJ PDFKWHQ .ODJHQGH XQG
YHU]ZHLIHOWH6WLPPHQUHGHWHQLQGHQ2IHQU|KUHQ«


$OV 0RUWHQ 6FKZDU]NRSI EDOG QDFK GHP 0LWWDJHVVHQ PLW VHLQHU
3IHLIH YRU GLH 9HUDQGD WUDW XP QDFK]XVHKHQ ZLH HV PLW GHP
+LPPHOEHVWHOOWVHLVWDQGHLQ+HUULQODQJHPHQJHPJHOENDULHUWHP
8OVWHUXQGJUDXHP+XWHYRULKPHLQHJHVFKORVVHQH'URVFKNHGHUHQ
9HUGHFN YRU 1lVVH JOlQ]WH XQG GHUHQ 5lGHU PLW .RW EHVSUHQJW
ZDUHQ KLHOW YRUP +DXVH 0RUWHQ VWDUUWH IDVVXQJVORV LQ GDV URVLJH
*HVLFKWGHV+HUUQ(UKDWWH%DUWNRWHOHWWHQGLHDXVVDKHQDOVVHLHQVLH
PLW GHP 3XOYHU IULVLHUW PLW GHP PDQ GLH :HLKQDFKWVQVVH
YHUJROGHW
'HU +HUU LP 8OVWHU VDK 0RUWHQ DQ ZLH PDQ HLQHQ %HGLHQWHQ
DQVLHKWOHLFKWEOLQ]HOQGRKQHLKQ]XVHKHQXQGIUDJWHPLWZHLFKHU
6WLPPHª,VWGHU+HUU/RWVHQNRPPDQGHXU]XVSUHFKHQ"©
ª$OOHUGLQJV«© VWDPPHOWH 0RUWHQ ªLFK JODXEH GD‰ PHLQ
9DWHU«©
+LHUID‰WHLKQGHU+HUULQV$XJHVHLQH$XJHQZDUHQVREODXZLH
GLHMHQLJHQHLQHU*DQVª6LQG6LH+HUU0RUWHQ6FKZDU]NRSI"©IUDJWH
HU
ª-D PHLQ +HUU© DQWZRUWHWH 0RUWHQ LQGHP HU VLFK DQVWUHQJWH
HLQHQIHVWHQ*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN]XJHZLQQHQ
ª6LHK GD ,Q GHU 7DW«© EHPHUNWH GHU +HUU LP 8OVWHU XQG GDQQ
IXKU HU IRUW ª+DEHQ 6LH GLH *WH PLFK ,KUHP +HUUQ 9DWHU ]X
PHOGHQMXQJHU0DQQ0HLQ1DPHLVW*UQOLFK©
0RUWHQ IKUWH GHQ +HUUQ GXUFK GLH 9HUDQGD |IIQHWH LKP LP
.RUULGRU UHFKWHU +DQG GLH 7U ]XP %XUHDX XQG NHKUWH LQV
:RKQ]LPPHU]XUFNXPVHLQHQ9DWHU]XEHQDFKULFKWLJHQ:lKUHQG
+HUU 6FKZDU]NRSI KLQDXVJLQJ OLH‰ GHU MXQJH 0HQVFK VLFK DQ GHP
UXQGHQ7LVFKHQLHGHUVWW]WHGLH(OOHQERJHQGDUDXIXQGVFKLHQVLFK
RKQH VHLQH 0XWWHU DQ]XVHKHQ GLH DP WUEHQ )HQVWHU PLW GHP
6WRSIHQYRQ6WUPSIHQEHVFKlIWLJWZDULQGDVªNOlJOLFKH%OlWWFKHQ©
]XYHUWLHIHQGDVYRQQLFKWVDQGHUHPDOVGHUVLOEHUQHQ+RFK]HLWGHV
.RQVXOV6RXQGVR]XEHULFKWHQZX‰WH7RQ\EHIDQGVLFKGUREHQLQ
LKUHP=LPPHUXPDXV]XUXKHQ
'HU /RWVHQNRPPDQGHXU EHWUDW VHLQ %XUHDX PLW GHU 0LHQH HLQHV
0DQQHV GHU PLW GHP 0LWWDJHVVHQ ]XIULHGHQ LVW GDV HU ]X VLFK
JHQRPPHQ 6HLQ 8QLIRUPURFN EHU GHU JHZ|OEWHQ ZHL‰HQ :HVWH
VWDQGRIIHQ9RQVHLQHPURWHQ*HVLFKWKREVLFKVFKDUIGHUHLVJUDXH


6FKLIIHUEDUW DE 6HLQH =XQJH IXKU EHKDJOLFK ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ =lKQHQ
XPKHU ZREHL VHLQ ELHGHUHU 0XQG LQ GLH DEHQWHXHUOLFKVWHQ
6WHOOXQJHQ JHULHW (U YHUEHXJWH VLFK NXU] UXFNDUWLJ XQG PLW HLQHP
$XVGUXFNDOVZROOWHHUVDJHQ6RPDFKWPDQHVMDZRKOª*HVHJQHWH
0DKO]HLW©VDJWHHUªGHP+HUUQ]X'LHQVWHQ©
+HUU*UQOLFKYRQVHLQHU6HLWHYHUQHLJWHVLFKPLW%HGDFKWLQGHP
VHLQH 0XQGZLQNHO VLFK HLQ ZHQLJ DEZlUWV ]RJHQ +LHUEHL VDJWH HU
OHLVHª+llKP©
'DV %XUHDX ZDU HLQH ]LHPOLFK NOHLQH 6WXEH GHUHQ :lQGH HLQLJH
)X‰ KRFK PLW +RO] EHNOHLGHW ZDUHQ XQG LP EULJHQ GHQ
XQWDSH]LHUWHQ.DON]HLJWHQ9RUGHP)HQVWHUDQZHOFKHVXQDEOlVVLJ
GHU5HJHQWURPPHOWHKLQJHQJHOEJHUDXFKWH*DUGLQHQ5HFKWHU+DQG
YRQ GHU 7U EHIDQG VLFK HLQ ODQJHU URKHU PLW 3DSLHUHQ EHGHFNWHU
7LVFKEHUZHOFKHPHLQHJUR‰H.DUWHYRQ(XURSDXQGHLQHNOHLQHUH
GHU 2VWVHH DQ GHU :DQG EHIHVWLJW ZDUHQ 9RQ GHU 0LWWH GHU
=LPPHUGHFNH KLQJ GDV VDXEHU JHDUEHLWHWH 0RGHOO HLQHV 6FKLIIHV
XQWHUYROOHQ6HJHOQKHUDE
'HU /RWVHQNRPPDQGHXU Q|WLJWH VHLQHQ *DVW DXI GDV JHVFKZHLIWH
PLW VFKZDU]HP ]HUVSUXQJHQHP :DFKVWXFK EH]RJHQH 6RID GDV GHU
7UJHJHQEHUVWDQGXQGPDFKWHHVVLFKVHOEVWPLWEHUGHP%DXFK
JHIDOWHWHQ +lQGHQ LQ HLQHP K|O]HUQHQ $UPVWXKO EHTXHP ZlKUHQG
+HUU*UQOLFKLQIHVWJHVFKORVVHQHP8OVWHUGHQ+XWDXIGHQ.QLHQ
RKQH GLH 5FNHQOHKQH ]X EHUKUHQ JHQDX DXI GHU .DQWH GHV 6RIDV
VD‰
ª0HLQ 1DPH© VDJWH HU ªLVW ZLH LFK ZLHGHUKROH *UQOLFK
*UQOLFKYRQ+DPEXUJ8PPLFK,KQHQ]XHPSIHKOHQHUZlKQHLFK
GD‰LFKPLFKHLQHQQDKHQ*HVFKlIWVIUHXQGGHV*UR‰KlQGOHUV.RQVXO
%XGGHQEURRNQHQQHQGDUI©
ª$OODERQ|KU ,VW PLU HLQH (KUH +HUU *UQOLFK $EHU ZROOHQ GHU
+HUU VLFK¶V QLFKW HLQ EL‰FKHQ EHTXHPHU PDFKHQ" (LQHQ *URJ QDFK
GHU)DKUW",FKUXIHVRIRUWLQGLH.FKH«©
ª,FK HUODXEH PLU ,KQHQ ]X EHPHUNHQ© VSUDFK +HUU *UQOLFK PLW
5XKH ªGD‰ PHLQH =HLW JHPHVVHQ LVW GD‰ PHLQ :DJHQ PLFK
HUZDUWHW XQG GD‰ LFK OHGLJOLFK JHQ|WLJW ELQ 6LH XP HLQH
8QWHUUHGXQJYRQ]ZHL:RUWHQ]XHUVXFKHQ©


ª'HP +HUUQ ]X 'LHQVWHQ© ZLHGHUKROWH +HUU 6FKZDU]NRSI HLQ
ZHQLJHLQJHVFKFKWHUW(VHQWVWDQGHLQH3DXVH
ª+HUU .RPPDQGHXU© EHJDQQ +HUU *UQOLFK LQGHP HU GHQ .RSI
PLW(QWVFKORVVHQKHLWVFKWWHOWHXQGLKQGDEHLHLQZHQLJ]XUFNZDUI
'DQQ VFKZLHJ HU DXIV QHXH XP GLH :LUNXQJ GLHVHU $QUHGH ]X
YHUVWlUNHQ HU VFKOR‰ VHLQHQ 0XQG GDEHL VR IHVW ZLH HLQHQ
*HOGEHXWHO GHQ PDQ PLW 6FKQUHQ ]XVDPPHQ]LHKW ª+HUU
.RPPDQGHXU© ZLHGHUKROWH HU XQG VDJWH GDQQ UDVFK ª'LH
$QJHOHJHQKHLW LQGHULFK ]X ,KQHQ NRPPH EHWULIIW XQPLWWHOEDU GLH
MXQJH'DPHGLHVHLWHLQLJHQ:RFKHQLQ,KUHP+DXVHZRKQW©
ª0DPVHOO%XGGHQEURRN"©IUDJWH+HUU6FKZDU]NRSI«
ª$OOHUGLQJV© YHUVHW]WH +HUU *UQOLFK WRQORV XQG PLW JHVHQNWHP
.RSIH DQ VHLQHQ 0XQGZLQNHOQ ELOGHWHQ VLFK VWUDIIH )lOWFKHQ
ª,FK«VHKHPLFKYHUDQOD‰W,KQHQ]XHU|IIQHQ©IXKUHUPLWOHLFKWKLQ
WUlOOHUQGHU %HWRQXQJ IRUW LQGHP VHLQH $XJHQ PLW XQJHKHXUHU
$XIPHUNVDPNHLW YRQ HLQHP 3XQNW GHV =LPPHUV DXI HLQHQ DQGHUHQ
XQG GDQQ ]XP )HQVWHU VSUDQJHQ ªGD‰ LFK YRU HLQLJHU =HLW XP GLH
+DQGHEHQGLHVHU'HPRLVHOOH%XGGHQEURRNDQJHKDOWHQKDEHGD‰LFK
PLFK LP YROOHQ %HVLW] GHU EHLGHUVHLWLJHQ HOWHUOLFKHQ =XVWLPPXQJ
EHILQGH XQG GD‰ GDV )UlXOHLQ VHOEVW PLU RKQH GD‰ ]ZDU GLH
9HUOREXQJ EHUHLWV LQ DOOHU )RUP VWDWWJHIXQGHQ KlWWH PLW
XQ]ZHLGHXWLJHQ:RUWHQ$QUHFKWHDXILKUH+DQGJHJHEHQKDW©
ª:DKUKDIWLJHU*RWW"©IUDJWH+HUU6FKZDU]NRSIOHEKDIW« ª'DYRQ
KDE¶ LFK QRFK JDU QLFKWV JHZX‰W *UDWXOLHUH +HUU« *UQOLFK
*UDWXOLHUH ,KQHQ DXIULFKWLJ 'D KDEHQ 6LH ZDV *XWHV ZDV
5HHOOHV«©
ª6HKUREOLJLHUW©VDJWH+HUU*UQOLFKPLWNDOWHP1DFKGUXFNª:DV
PLFKMHGRFK©IXKUHUPLWVLQJHQGHUKREHQHU6WLPPHIRUWªLQGLHVHU
$QJHOHJHQKHLW ]X ,KQHQ IXKUW PHLQ ZHUWHU +HUU .RPPDQGHXU LVW
GHU 8PVWDQG GD‰ VLFK GLHVHU 9HUELQGXQJ JDQ] QHXHUGLQJV
6FKZLHULJNHLWHQ LQ GHQ :HJ VWHOOHQ XQG GD‰ GLHVH
6FKZLHULJNHLWHQ« YRQ ,KUHP +DXVH DXVJHKHQ"© 'LH OHW]WHQ:RUWH
VSUDFK HU PLW IUDJHQGHU %HWRQXQJ DOV ZROOWH HU VDJHQ .DQQ HV
P|JOLFKVHLQZDVPLU]X2KUHQJHNRPPHQLVW"
+HUU6FKZDU]NRSIDQWZRUWHWHDXVVFKOLH‰OLFKGDGXUFKGD‰HUVHLQH
HUJUDXWHQ $XJHQEUDXHQ KRFK LQ GLH 6WLUQH ]RJ XQG PLW EHLGHQ


+lQGHQ EUDXQHQ EORQGEHKDDUWHQ 6FKLIIHUKlQGHQ GLH $UPOHKQHQ
VHLQHV6WXKOHVHUJULII
ª-D ,Q GHU 7DW 6R K|UH LFK© VSUDFK +HUU *UQOLFK PLW WUDXULJHU
%HVWLPPWKHLW ª,FK K|UH GD‰ ,KU 6RKQ GHU +HUU 6WXGLRVXV
PHGLFLQDH HV VLFK« XQZLVVHQWOLFK ]ZDU« JHVWDWWHW KDW LQ PHLQH
5HFKWH HLQ]XJUHLIHQ LFK K|UH GD‰ HU GLH KLHVLJH $QZHVHQKHLW GHV
)UlXOHLQV GD]X EHQXW]W KDW LKU JHZLVVH 9HUVSUHFKXQJHQ
DE]XJHZLQQHQ«©
ª:DV"©ULHIGHU/RWVHQNRPPDQGHXULQGHPHUVLFK KHIWLJ DXI GLH
$UPOHKQHQVWW]WHXQGHPSRUVSUDQJ«
ª'DVROOGRFKJOHLFK« GDW ZLHUMH GHQQGRFK ZROO«© 8QG PLW
]ZHL 6FKULWWHQ ZDU HU DQ GHU 7U UL‰ VLH DXI XQG ULHI PLW HLQHU
6WLPPH EHU GHQ .RUULGRU ZHOFKH GLH lUJVWH %UDQGXQJ EHUW|QW
KlWWHª0HWD0RUWHQ7UHWHWPDODQ7UHWHWPDODOOHEHLGHDQ©
ª,FK ZUGH OHEKDIW EHGDXHUQ© VSUDFK +HUU *UQOLFK PLW HLQHP
IHLQHQ/lFKHOQªZHQQLFKGXUFKGLH*HOWHQGPDFKXQJPHLQHUlOWHUHQ
5HFKWH ,KUH HLJQHQ YlWHUOLFKHQ 3OlQH GXUFKNUHX]HQ VROOWH +HUU
.RPPDQGHXU«©
'LHGHULFK6FKZDU]NRSIZDQGWHVLFKXPXQGVWDUUWHLKPPLWVHLQHQ
VFKDUIHQ YRQ NOHLQHQ )lOWFKHQ XPJHEHQHQ EODXHQ $XJHQ LQV
*HVLFKW DOV EHPKWH HU VLFK YHUJHEHQV VHLQH :RUWH ]X YHUVWHKHQ
ª+HUU©VDJWHHUGDQQPLWHLQHU6WLPPHGLHNODQJDOVKlWWHVRHEHQ
HLQ VFKDUIHU 6FKOXFN *URJ VHLQH .HKOH YHUEUDQQW ª,FK ELQ PDQ ¶Q
HLQIDFKHQ 0DQQ XQG YHUVWHK¶ PLFK VFKOHFKW DXI 0HGLVDQJVHQ XQG
)LQHVVHQ«DEHUZHQQ6LHYLHOOHLFKWPHLQHQVROOWHQGD‰«QDGHQQ
ODVVHQ 6LH VLFK JHVDJW VHLQ GD‰ 6LH DXI GHP +RO]ZHJH VLQG +HUU
XQG GD‰ 6LH VLFK EHU PHLQH *UXQGVlW]H WlXVFKHQ ,FK ZHL‰ ZHU
PHLQ 6RKQ LVW XQG ZHL‰ ZHU 0DPVHOO %XGGHQEURRN LVW XQG LFK
KDEH]XYLHO5HVSHNWXQGDXFK]XYLHO6WRO]LP/HLEH+HUUXPVROFKH
YlWHUOLFKHQ3OlQH]XPDFKHQ8QGQXQUHGHWPDOQXQDQWZRUWHWPLU
PDO :DV LVW GDV HLJHQWOLFK ZLH" :DV K|UH LFK GD HLJHQWOLFK
ZDV"«©
)UDX 6FKZDU]NRSI XQG LKU 6RKQ VWDQGHQ LQ GHU 7U GLH HUVWHUH
DKQXQJVORVPLWGHP 2UGQHQ LKUHU 6FKU]H EHVFKlIWLJW 0RUWHQ PLW
GHU0LHQHHLQHVYHUVWRFNWHQ6QGHUV«+HUU*UQOLFKKDWWHVLFKEHL
LKUHP (LQWULWW NHLQHVZHJV HUKREHQ HU YHUKDUUWH LQ JHUDGHU XQG


UXKHYROOHU+DOWXQJIHVWLQVHLQHQ8OVWHUJHNQ|SIWDXIGHU6RIDNDQWH
ª'X KDVW GLFK DOVR ZLH HLQ GXPPHU -XQJH EHWUDJHQ"© IXKU GHU
/RWVHQNRPPDQGHXU0RUWHQDQ
'HU MXQJH 0HQVFK KLHOW HLQHQ 'DXPHQ ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ .Q|SIHQ
VHLQHU -RSSH HU PDFKWH ILQVWHUH $XJHQ XQG KDWWH YRU 7URW] VRJDU
VHLQH :DQJHQ DXIJHEODVHQ ª-D 9DWHU© VDJWH HU ª)UlXOHLQ
%XGGHQEURRNXQGLFK«©
ª6RQDGHQQZLOO¶NGLPDQYHUWHLOHQGD‰GX¶Q'|VNRSSEV¶¶Q
+DQVZXUVW ¶Q JURWHQ 'XPPHUMDQ 8QG GD‰ GX PRUJHQ QDFK
*|WWLQJHQDENXWVFKLHUVWK|UVWGXZRKO"0RUJHQGHQ7DJHV8QGGD‰
GDV *DQ]H ¶Q .LQGHUNUDP LVW HLQ QLFKWVQXW]LJHU .LQGHUNUDP XQG
GDPLW3XQNWXP©
ª'LHGHULFK PHLQ *RWW© VDJWH )UDX 6FKZDU]NRSI LQGHP VLH GLH
+lQGH IDOWHWH ªGDV NDQQ PDQ GRFK QLFKW VR RKQH ZHLWHUHV VDJHQ
:HUZHL‰«©6LHVFKZLHJXQGPDQVDKZLHHLQHVFK|QH+RIIQXQJ
YRULKUHQ$XJHQ]XVDPPHQVWU]WH
ª:QVFKHQ GHU +HUU GDV )UlXOHLQ ]X VSUHFKHQ"© ZDQGWH VLFK GHU
/RWVHQNRPPDQGHXUPLWUDXKHU6WLPPHDQ+HUUQ*UQOLFK«
ª6LHLVWLQLKUHP=LPPHU6LHVFKOlIW©HUNOlUWH)UDX6FKZDU]NRSI
PLWOHLGLJXQGJHUKUW
ª'DV EHGDXUH LFK© VDJWH +HUU *UQOLFK REJOHLFK HU HLQ ZHQLJ
DXIDWPHWHXQGHUKREVLFKªhEULJHQVZLHGHUKROHLFKGD‰PHLQH=HLW
JHPHVVHQLVWXQGGD‰PHLQ:DJHQPLFKHUZDUWHW,FKJHVWDWWHPLU©
IXKU HU IRUW LQGHP HU YRU +HUUQ 6FKZDU]NRSI PLW GHP +XWH HLQH
%HZHJXQJ YRQ REHQ QDFK XQWHQ EHVFKULHE ª,KQHQ +HUU
.RPPDQGHXU PHLQH YROOVWH *HQXJWXXQJ XQG $QHUNHQQXQJ
DQJHVLFKWV ,KUHV PlQQOLFKHQ XQG FKDUDNWHUYROOHQ %HQHKPHQV
DXV]XVSUHFKHQ,FKHPSIHKOHPLFK,KQHQ,FKKDEHGLH(KUH$GLHX©
'LHGHULFK6FKZDU]NRSIUHLFKWHLKPNHLQHVZHJVGLH+DQG (UOLH‰
QXUNXU]XQGUXFNDUWLJVHLQHQVFKZHUHQ2EHUN|USHUHLQZHQLJQDFK
YRUQIDOOHQDOVZROOWHHUVDJHQ6RPDFKWPDQHVMDZRKO
=ZLVFKHQ0RUWHQ XQGVHLQHU 0XWWHU KLQGXUFK JLQJ +HUU *UQOLFK
JHPHVVHQHQ6FKULWWHV]XU7UKLQDXV


=Z|OIWHV.DSLWHO

7KRPDVHUVFKLHQPLWGHU.U|JHU¶VFKHQ.DOHVFKH'HU7DJZDUGD
'HUMXQJH+HUUNDPXP]HKQ8KUGHV9RUPLWWDJVXQGQDKPHLQHQ
NOHLQHQ ,PEL‰ PLW GHU )DPLOLH LQ GHU :RKQVWXEH 0DQ VD‰
EHLHLQDQGHUZLHDPHUVWHQ7DJHQXUGD‰GHU6RPPHUGDKLQZDUGD‰
HV]XNDOWXQGZLQGLJZDULQGHU9HUDQGD]XVLW]HQXQGGD‰0RUWHQ
IHKOWH« (U ZDU LQ *|WWLQJHQ 7RQ\ XQG HU KDWWHQ QLFKW HLQPDO
RUGHQWOLFK $EVFKLHG YRQHLQDQGHU JHQRPPHQ 'HU
/RWVHQNRPPDQGHXUKDWWHGDEHLJHVWDQGHQXQGJHVDJWª6R3XQNWXP
+©
8P HOI 8KU VWLHJHQ GLH *HVFKZLVWHU LQ GHQ :DJHQ DQ GHVVHQ
KLQWHUHP7HLOH7RQ\¶VJUR‰HU.RIIHUIHVWJHVFKQDOOWZRUGHQZDU6LH
ZDU EOD‰ XQG IU|VWHOWH LQ LKUHU ZHLFKHQ +HUEVWMDFNH YRU .lOWH
0GLJNHLW 5HLVHILHEHU XQG HLQHU :HKPXW GLH GDQQ XQG ZDQQ
SO|W]OLFK LQ LKU DXIVWLHJ XQG LKUH %UXVW PLW HLQHP GUlQJHQGHQ
6FKPHU]JHIKO HUIOOWH 6LH N‰WH GLH NOHLQH 0HWD GUFNWH GHU
+DXVIUDX GLH +DQG XQG QLFNWH +HUUQ 6FKZDU]NRSI ]X DOV HU VDJWH
ª1D YHUJHVVHQ 6LH XQV QLFKW 0DPVHOOLQJ 8QG QLFKWV IU XQJXW
ZDV"©
ª6RXQGJOFNOLFKH5HLVHXQGEHVWH(PSIHKOXQJHQ DQ GHQ +HUUQ
3DSD XQG GLH )UDX .RQVXOLQ«© 'DQQ VFKQDSSWH GHU 6FKODJ LQV
6FKOR‰ GLH GLFNHQ %UDXQHQ ]RJHQ DQ XQG GLH GUHL 6FKZDU]NRSIV
VFKZHQNWHQLKUH7FKHU«
7RQ\ GUFNWH GHQ .RSI LQ GLH :DJHQHFNH XQG VDK ]XP )HQVWHU
KLQDXV 'HU +LPPHO ZDU ZHL‰OLFK EHGHFNW GLH 7UDYH ZDUI NOHLQH
:HOOHQ GLH VFKQHOO YRU GHP :LQGH GDKLQHLOWHQ 'DQQ XQG ZDQQ
SULFNHOWHQ NOHLQH 7URSIHQ JHJHQ GLH 6FKHLEHQ $P $XVJDQJ GHU
9RUGHUUHLKHVD‰HQGLH/HXWHYRULKUHQ+DXVWUHQXQGIOLFNWHQ1HW]H
EDUIX‰LJH .LQGHU NDPHQ KHUEHLJHODXIHQ XQG EHWUDFKWHWHQ QHXJLHULJ
GHQ:DJHQ'LHEOLHEHQKLHU«
$OV GHU :DJHQ GLH OHW]WHQ +lXVHU ]XUFNOLH‰ EHXJWH 7RQ\ VLFK
YRUXPQRFKHLQPDOGHQ/HXFKWWXUP]XVHKHQGDQQOHKQWHVLHVLFK
]XUFNXQGVFKOR‰GLH$XJHQGLHPGHXQGHPSILQGOLFKZDUHQ6LH
KDWWH LQ GHU 1DFKW IDVW QLFKW JHVFKODIHQ YRU (UUHJXQJ ZDU IUK
DXIJHVWDQGHQ XP LKUHQ .RIIHU LQ 2UGQXQJ ]X EULQJHQ XQG KDWWH


QLFKWIUKVWFNHQP|JHQ,QLKUHPDXVJHWURFNQHWHQ0XQGHKDWWHVLH
HLQHQIDGHQ*HVFKPDFN6LHIKOWHVLFKVRKLQIlOOLJGD‰VLHHVQLFKW
HLQPDO YHUVXFKWH GLH 7UlQHQ ]XUFN]XGUlQJHQ GLH MHGHQ
$XJHQEOLFNODQJVDPXQGKHL‰LQLKUH$XJHQHPSRUVWLHJHQ
.DXP KDWWH VLH LKUH /LGHU JHVFKORVVHQ DOV VLH VLFK ZLHGHU LQ
7UDYHPQGH LQ GHU 9HUDQGD EHIDQG 6LH VDK 0RUWHQ 6FKZDU]NRSI
OHLEKDIWLJYRUVLFKZLHHU]XLKUVSUDFKVLFKQDFKVHLQHU$UWGDEHL
YRUEHXJWHXQGKLHXQGGDHLQHQDQGHUHQJXWPWLJIRUVFKHQGDQVDK
ZLHHUODFKHQGVHLQHVFK|QHQ=lKQH]HLJWHYRQGHQHQHUHUVLFKWOLFK
JDUQLFKWVZX‰WH«XQGHVZXUGHLKUJDQ]UXKLJXQGKHLWHUGDEHL]X
6LQQ 6LH ULHI VLFK DOOHV LQV *HGlFKWQLV ]XUFN ZDV VLH LQ YLHOHQ
*HVSUlFKHQYRQLKPJHK|UWXQGHUIDKUHQKDWWHXQGHVEHUHLWHWHLKU
HLQHEHJOFNHQGH*HQXJWXXQJVLFKIHLHUOLFK]XYHUVSUHFKHQGD‰VLH
GLHV DOOHV DOV HWZDV +HLOLJHV XQG 8QDQWDVWEDUHV LQ VLFK EHZDKUHQ
ZROOWH 'D‰ GHU .|QLJ YRQ 3UHX‰HQ HLQ JUR‰HV 8QUHFKW EHJDQJHQ
GD‰ GLH ¾6WlGWLVFKHQ $Q]HLJHQ½ HLQ NOlJOLFKHV %OlWWFKHQ VHLHQ MD
VHOEVWGD‰YRUYLHU-DKUHQGLH%XQGHVJHVHW]HEHUGLH8QLYHUVLWlWHQ
HUQHXHUW ZRUGHQ GDV ZUGHQ LKU IRUWDQ HKUZUGLJH XQG WU|VWOLFKH
:DKUKHLWHQ VHLQ HLQ JHKHLPHU 6FKDW] GHQ VLH ZUGH EHWUDFKWHQ
N|QQHQZDQQVLHZROOWH0LWWHQDXI GHU 6WUD‰H LP )DPLOLHQNUHLVH
EHLP (VVHQ ZUGH VLH GDUDQ GHQNHQ« :HU ZHL‰" YLHOOHLFKW ZUGH
VLHLKUHQYRUJH]HLFKQHWHQ:HJJHKHQ XQG +HUUQ *UQOLFK KHLUDWHQ
GDV ZDU JDQ] JOHLFKJOWLJ DEHU ZHQQ HU ]X LKU VSUDFK ZUGH VLH
SO|W]OLFK GHQNHQ ,FK ZHL‰ HWZDV ZDV GX QLFKW ZHL‰W« 'LH
$GHOLJHQVLQGLP3ULQ]LSJHVSURFKHQYHUlFKWOLFK
6LHOlFKHOWH]XIULHGHQ YRU VLFK KLQ« $EHUGD SO|W]OLFK YHUQDKP
VLHLQGHP*HUlXVFKGHU5lGHUPLWYROONRPPHQHU PLW XQJODXEOLFK
OHEHQGLJHU'HXWOLFKNHLW0RUWHQV6SUDFKHVLHXQWHUVFKLHGMHGHQ/DXW
VHLQHU JXWPWLJHQ HLQ ZHQLJ VFKZHUIlOOLJ NQDUUHQGHQ 6WLPPH VLH
K|UWHPLWOHLEOLFKHP2KUZLHHUVDJWHª+HXWHPVVHQZLUEHLGHDXI
GHQ 6WHLQHQ VLW]HQ )UlXOHLQ 7RQ\«© XQG GLHVH NOHLQH (ULQQHUXQJ
EHUZlOWLJWH VLH ,KUH %UXVW ]RJ VLFK ]XVDPPHQ YRU :HKPXW XQG
6FKPHU] RKQH *HJHQZHKU OLH‰ VLH GLH 7UlQHQ KHUYRUVWU]HQ« ,Q
LKUHQ:LQNHOJHGUFNWKLHOWVLHGDV7DVFKHQWXFKPLWEHLGHQ+lQGHQ
YRUV*HVLFKWXQGZHLQWHELWWHUOLFK
7KRPDVVHLQH=LJDUHWWHLP0XQGHEOLFNWHHLQZHQLJUDWORVDXIGLH
&KDXVVHHKLQDXVª$UPH7RQ\©VDJWHHUVFKOLH‰OLFKLQGHPHULKUH


-DFNH VWUHLFKHOWH ª'X WXVW PLU KHU]OLFK OHLG« LFK YHUVWHKH GLFK VR
JXW VLHKVW GX $EHU ZDV LVW GD ]X WXQ" 'HUJOHLFKHQ PX‰
GXUFKJHPDFKWZHUGHQ*ODXEHPLUQXU«LFKNHQQHGDVDXFK«©
ª$FKGXNHQQVWJDUQLFKWV7RP©VFKOXFK]WH7RQ\
ª1D VDJH GDV QLFKW -HW]W VWHKW HV ]XP %HLVSLHO IHVW GD‰ LFK
$QIDQJQlFKVWHQ-DKUHVQDFK$PVWHUGDPJHKH3DSDKDWHLQH6WHOOH
IUPLFK«EHL¾YDQGHU.HOOHQ &RPS½«'DZHUGHLFK$EVFKLHG
QHKPHQPVVHQIUODQJHODQJH=HLW«©
ª$FK 7RP (LQ $EVFKLHG YRQ (OWHUQ XQG *HVFKZLVWHUQ 'DV LVW
JDUQLFKWV©
ª-D©VDJWHHU]LHPOLFKODQJJHGHKQW(UDWPHWHDXIDOVREHUQRFK
PHKU VDJHQ ZROOWH XQG VFKZLHJ GDQQ ,QGHP HU GLH =LJDUHWWH YRQ
HLQHP0XQGZLQNHOLQGHQDQGHUHQZDQGHUQOLH‰]RJHUHLQH%UDXH
HPSRU XQG ZDQGWH GHQ .RSI ]XU 6HLWH ª8QG HV GDXHUW MD QLFKW
ODQJH© ILQJ HU QDFK HLQHU :HLOH ZLHGHU DQ ª'DV JLEW VLFK 0DQ
YHUJL‰W«©
ª$EHU LFK ZLOO MD JHUDGH QLFKW YHUJHVVHQ© ULHI 7RQ\ JDQ]
YHU]ZHLIHOWª9HUJHVVHQ«LVWGDVGHQQHLQ7URVW"©

'UHL]HKQWHV.DSLWHO

'DQQ NDP GLH )lKUH HV NDP GLH ,VUDHOVGRUIHU $OOHH GHU
-HUXVDOHPVEHUJ GDV %XUJIHOG 'HU :DJHQ SDVVLHUWH GDV %XUJWRU
QHEHQGHP]XU 5HFKWHQ GLH 0DXHUQ GHV *HIlQJQLVVHVDXIUDJWHQHU
UROOWH GLH %XUJVWUD‰H HQWODQJ XQG EHU GHQ .REHUJ« 7RQ\
EHWUDFKWHWHGLHJUDXHQ*LHEHOKlXVHUGLHEHUGLH6WUD‰HJHVSDQQWHQ
gOODPSHQ GDV +HLOLJH*HLVW+RVSLWDO PLW GHQ VFKRQ IDVW
HQWEOlWWHUWHQ /LQGHQ GDYRU« 0HLQ *RWW DOOHV GDV ZDU JHEOLHEHQ
ZLH HV JHZHVHQ ZDU (V KDWWH KLHU JHVWDQGHQ XQDElQGHUOLFK XQG
HKUZUGLJ ZlKUHQG VLH VLFK GDUDQ DOV DQ HLQHQ DOWHQ
YHUJHVVHQVZHUWHQ7UDXPHULQQHUWKDWWH'LHVH JUDXHQ *LHEHO ZDUHQ
GDV$OWH*HZRKQWHXQGhEHUOLHIHUWHGDVVLH ZLHGHUDXIJHQRPPHQ
XQG LQGHP VLH QXQ ZLHGHUOHEHQ VROOWH 6LH ZHLQWH QLFKW PHKU VLH


VDK VLFK QHXJLHULJ XP 'DV $EVFKLHGVOHLG ZDU EHLQDKH EHWlXEW
DQJHVLFKWVGLHVHU6WUD‰HQXQGGLHVHUDOWEHNDQQWHQ*HVLFKWHUGDULQ,Q
GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN  GHU :DJHQ UDVVHOWH GXUFK GLH %UHLWH 6WUD‰H 
JLQJ GHU 7UlJHU 0DWWKLHVHQ YRUEHU XQG QDKP WLHI VHLQHQ UDXKHQ
=\OLQGHUDEPLWHLQHPVRElUEHL‰LJHQ3IOLFKWJHVLFKWDOVGlFKWHHU
,FKZlUHMDZRKOHLQ+XQGVIRWW«
'LH(TXLSDJHERJLQGLH0HQJVWUD‰HHLQXQGGLHGLFNHQ%UDXQHQ
VWDQGHQVFKQDXEHQGXQGVWDPSIHQGYRUP%XGGHQEURRNVFKHQ+DXVH
7RPZDUVHLQHU6FKZHVWHUDXIPHUNVDPEHLP$XVVWHLJHQEHKLOIOLFK
ZlKUHQG $QWRQ XQG /LQH KHUEHLHLOWHQ XP GHQ .RIIHU
KHUXQWHU]XVFKQDOOHQ $EHU PDQ PX‰WH ZDUWHQ EHYRU PDQ LQV +DXV
JHODQJWH'UHLPlFKWLJH7UDQVSRUWZDJHQVFKREHQVLFKVRHEHQGLFKW
KLQWHUHLQDQGHU GXUFK GLH +DXVWU KRFKEHSDFNW PLW YROOHQ
.RUQVlFNHQ DXI GHQHQ LQ EUHLWHQ VFKZDU]HQ %XFKVWDEHQ GLH )LUPD
¾-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN½ ]X OHVHQ ZDU 0LW VFKZHUIlOOLJ
ZLGHUKDOOHQGHP *HSROWHU VFKZDQNWHQ VLH EHU GLH JUR‰H 'LHOH XQG
GLH IODFKHQ 6WXIHQ ]XP +RIH KLQXQWHU (LQ 7HLO GHV .RUQHV VROOWH
ZRKO LP +LQWHUKDXVH YHUODGHQ ZHUGHQ XQG GHU 5HVW LQ GHQ
¾:DOILVFK½GHQ¾/|ZHQ½RGHUGLH¾(LFKH½ZDQGHUQ«
'HU.RQVXONDPGLH)HGHUKLQWHUP2KUHDXVGHP.RQWRUKHUDXV
DOV GLH *HVFKZLVWHU GLH 'LHOH EHWUDWHQ XQG VWUHFNWH VHLQHU 7RFKWHU
GLH$UPHHQWJHJHQª:LOONRPPHQ]X+DXVHPHLQHOLHEH7RQ\©
6LHN‰WHLKQXQGVDKLKQPLW$XJHQDQGLHQRFKYHUZHLQWZDUHQ
XQGLQGHQHQHWZDVZLH6FKDP]XOHVHQZDU$EHUHUZDUQLFKWE|VH
HUHUZlKQWHNHLQ:RUW(UVDJWHQXUª(VLVWVSlWDEHUZLUKDEHQPLW
GHP]ZHLWHQ)UKVWFNJHZDUWHW©
'LH .RQVXOLQ &KULVWLDQ .ORWKLOGH &ODUD XQG ,GD -XQJPDQQ
VWDQGHQ ]XU %HJU‰XQJ GUREHQ DXI GHP 7UHSSHQDEVDW]
YHUVDPPHOW«
7RQ\ VFKOLHIIHVW XQG JXW GLH HUVWH 1DFKW LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H XQG
VLH VWLHJ DP QlFKVWHQ 0RUJHQ GHQ  6HSWHPEHU HUIULVFKW XQG
UXKLJHQ 6LQQHV LQV )UKVWFNV]LPPHU KLQXQWHU (V ZDU QRFK JDQ]
IUK NDXP VLHEHQ 8KU 1XU 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ ZDU VFKRQ
DQZHVHQGXQGEHUHLWHWHGHQ0RUJHQNDIIHHª(LHL7RQ\FKHQPHLQ
.LQGFKHQ© VDJWH VLH XQG VDK VLFK PLW NOHLQHQ YHUVFKODIHQHQ
EUDXQHQ$XJHQXPªVFKRQVR]HLWLJ"©


7RQ\VHW]WHVLFKDQGHQ6HNUHWlUGHVVHQ'HFNHO]XUFNJHVFKREHQ
ZDUIDOWHWH GLH +lQGH KLQWHU GHP .RSI XQGEOLFNWH HLQH:HLOH DXI
GDV YRU 1lVVH VFKZDU] JOlQ]HQGH 3IODVWHU GHV +RIHV XQG GHQ
YHUJLOEWHQXQG IHXFKWHQ *DUWHQ KLQDXV 'DQQILQJ VLH DQ QHXJLHULJ
XQWHU GHQ 9LVLWHQNDUWHQ XQG %ULHIVFKDIWHQ DXI GHP 6HNUHWlU ]X
NUDPHQ«
'LFKWEHLP7LQWHQID‰ODJGDVZRKOEHNDQQWHJUR‰H6FKUHLEKHIWPLW
JHSUH‰WHP 8PVFKODJ JROGHQHP 6FKQLWW XQG YHUVFKLHGHQDUWLJHP
3DSLHU(VPX‰WHQRFKJHVWHUQDEHQGJHEUDXFKWZRUGHQVHLQXQGHLQ
:XQGHUQXUGD‰3DSDHVQLFKWZLHJHZ|KQOLFKLQGHU /HGHUPDSSH
XQGLQGHUEHVRQGHUHQ6FKXEODGHGRUWKLQWHQYHUVFKORVVHQKDWWH
6LH QDKP HV EOlWWHUWH GDULQ JHULHW LQV /HVHQ XQG YHUWLHIWH VLFK
:DVVLHODVZDUHQPHLVWHQVHLQIDFKHXQGLKUYHUWUDXWH'LQJH DEHU
MHGHU GHU 6FKUHLEHQGHQ KDWWH YRQ VHLQHP 9RUJlQJHU HLQH RKQH
hEHUWUHLEXQJIHLHUOLFKH9RUWUDJVZHLVHEHUQRPPHQHLQHQLQVWLQNWLY
XQGXQJHZROOWDQJHGHXWHWHQ&KURQLNHQVWLODXVGHPGHUGLVNUHWHXQG
GDUXPGHVWRZUGHYROOHUH5HVSHNWHLQHU)DPLOLHYRUVLFKVHOEVWYRU
hEHUOLHIHUXQJXQG+LVWRULHVSUDFK)U7RQ\ZDUGLHVQLFKWV1HXHV
VLHKDWWHVLFKPDQFKHV0DOPLWGLHVHQ%OlWWHUQEHVFKlIWLJHQGUIHQ
$EHU QRFK QLHPDOV KDWWH LKU ,QKDOW HLQHQ (LQGUXFN DXI VLH JHPDFKW
ZLH GLHVHQ 0RUJHQ 'LH HKUHUELHWLJH %HGHXWVDPNHLW PLW GHU KLHU
DXFK GLH EHVFKHLGHQVWHQ 7DWVDFKHQ EHKDQGHOW ZDUHQ GLH GHU
)DPLOLHQJHVFKLFKWH DQJHK|UWHQ VWLHJ LKU ]X .RSI« 6LH VWW]WH GLH
(OOHQERJHQ DXI XQG ODV PLW ZDFKVHQGHU +LQJHEXQJ PLW 6WRO] XQG
(UQVW
$XFK LQ LKUHU HLJHQHQ NOHLQHQ 9HUJDQJHQKHLW IHKOWH NHLQ 3XQNW
,KUH*HEXUWLKUH.LQGHUNUDQNKHLWHQLKUHUVWHU6FKXOJDQJLKU(LQWULWW
LQ0DGHPRLVHOOH:HLFKEURGWV3HQVLRQDWLKUH.RQILUPDWLRQ«$OOHV
ZDU LQ GHU NOHLQHQ IOLH‰HQGHQ .DXIPDQQVVFKULIW GHV .RQVXOV
VRUJIlOWLJ XQG PLW HLQHU IDVW UHOLJL|VHQ $FKWXQJ YRU 7DWVDFKHQ
EHUKDXSW YHU]HLFKQHW 'HQQ ZDU QLFKW GHU JHULQJVWHQ HLQH *RWWHV
:LOOH XQG :HUN GHU GLH *HVFKLFNH GHU )DPLOLH ZXQGHUEDU
JHOHQNW"« :DV ZUGH KLHU KLQWHU LKUHP 1DPHQ GHQ VLH YRQ LKUHU
*UR‰PXWWHU $QWRLQHWWH HPSIDQJHQ KDWWH LQ =XNXQIW QRFK ]X
EHULFKWHQVHLQ"8QG DOOHV ZUGH YRQ VSlWHUHQ )DPLOLHQJOLHGHUQ PLW
GHUQlPOLFKHQ3LHWlWJHOHVHQZHUGHQPLWGHUVLHMHW]WLKUHIUKHUHQ
%HJHEQLVVHYHUIROJWH


6LH OHKQWH VLFK DXIDWPHQG ]XUFN XQG LKU +HU] SRFKWH IHLHUOLFK
(KUIXUFKW YRU VLFK VHOEVW HUIOOWH VLH XQG GDV *HIKO SHUV|QOLFKHU
:LFKWLJNHLW GDV LKU YHUWUDXW ZDU GXUFKULHVHOWH VLH YHUVWlUNW GXUFK
GHQ *HLVW GHQ VLH VRHEHQ KDWWH DXI VLFK ZLUNHQ ODVVHQ ZLH HLQ
6FKDXHU ª:LH HLQ *OLHG LQ HLQHU .HWWH© KDWWH 3DSD JHVFKULHEHQ«
MD MD *HUDGH DOV *OLHG GLHVHU .HWWH ZDU VLH YRQ KRKHU XQG
YHUDQWZRUWXQJVYROOHU %HGHXWXQJ  EHUXIHQ PLW 7DW XQG (QWVFKOX‰
DQGHU*HVFKLFKWHLKUHU)DPLOLHPLW]XDUEHLWHQ
6LHEOlWWHUWH]XUFNELVDQV(QGHGHVJUR‰HQ+HIWHVZRDXIHLQHP
UDXKHQ )ROLRERJHQ GLH JDQ]H *HQHDORJLH GHU %XGGHQEURRNV PLW
.ODPPHUQXQG5XEULNHQLQEHUVLFKWOLFKHQ'DWHQYRQGHV.RQVXOV
+DQG UHVPLHUW ZRUGHQ ZDU 9RQ GHU (KHVFKOLH‰XQJ GHV IUKHVWHQ
6WDPPKDOWHUV PLW GHU 3UHGLJHUVWRFKWHU %ULJLWWD 6FKXUHQ ELV ]X GHU
+HLUDW GHV .RQVXOV -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN PLW (OLVDEHWK .U|JHU LP
-DKUH  $XV GLHVHU (KH VR KLH‰ HV HQWVSURVVHQ YLHU .LQGHU«
ZRUDXI PLW GHQ *HEXUWVMDKUHQ XQG WDJHQ GLH 7DXIQDPHQ
XQWHUHLQDQGHU DXIJHIKUW ZDUHQ KLQWHU GHPMHQLJHQ GHV lOWHUHQ
6RKQHV DEHU ZDU EHUHLWV YHU]HLFKQHW GD‰ HU 2VWHUQ  LQ GDV
YlWHUOLFKH*HVFKlIWDOV/HKUOLQJHLQJHWUHWHQVHL
7RQ\EOLFNWHODQJH=HLWDXILKUHQ1DPHQXQGDXIGHQIUHLHQ5DXP
GDKLQWHU8QGGDQQSO|W]OLFKPLWHLQHP5XFNPLWHLQHPQHUY|VHQ
XQG HLIULJHQ 0LHQHQVSLHO  VLH VFKOXFNWH KLQXQWHU XQG LKUH /LSSHQ
EHZHJWHQVLFKHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNJDQ]VFKQHOODQHLQDQGHUHUJULIIVLH
GLH )HGHU WDXFKWH VLH QLFKW VRQGHUQ VWLH‰ VLH LQ GDV 7LQWHQID‰ XQG
VFKULHE PLW JHNUPPWHP =HLJHILQJHU XQG WLHI DXI GLH 6FKXOWHU
JHQHLJWHPKLW]LJHP.RSILQLKUHUXQJHOHQNHQXQGVFKUlJYRQOLQNV
QDFK UHFKWV HPSRUIOLHJHQGHQ 6FKULIW ª« 9HUOREWH VLFK DP 
6HSWHPEHU  PLW +HUUQ %HQGL[ *UQOLFK .DXIPDQQ ]X
+DPEXUJ©

9LHU]HKQWHV.DSLWHO

ª,FK ELQ YROONRPPHQ ,KUHU 0HLQXQJ PHLQ ZHUWHU )UHXQG 'LHVH


)UDJH LVW YRQ :LFKWLJNHLW XQG PX‰ HUOHGLJW ZHUGHQ .XU] XQG JXW


'LH WUDGLWLRQHOOH %DUPLWJLIW IU HLQ MXQJHV 0lGFKHQ DXV XQVHUHU
)DPLOLHEHWUlJWVLHE]LJWDXVHQG0DUN©
+HUU*UQOLFKZDUIVHLQHP]XNQIWLJHQ6FKZLHJHUYDWHUGHQNXU]HQ
XQG SUIHQGHQ 6HLWHQEOLFN HLQHV *HVFKlIWVPDQQHV ]X ª,Q GHU
7DW«©VDJWHHUXQGGLHVHV¾,QGHU7DW½ZDUJHQDXVRODQJZLHVHLQ
OLQNHU JROGJHOEHU %DFNHQEDUW GHQ HU EHGlFKWLJ GXUFK GLH )LQJHU
JOHLWHQ OLH‰« (U OLH‰ GLH 6SLW]H ORV DOV GDV ¾,Q GHU 7DW½ YROOHQGHW
ZDU ª6LH NHQQHQ© IXKU HU IRUW ªYHUHKUWHU 9DWHU GLH WLHIH
+RFKDFKWXQJ GLH LFK HKUZUGLJHQ hEHUOLHIHUXQJHQ XQG 3ULQ]LSLHQ
HQWJHJHQEULQJH$OOHLQ«VROOWHLPJHJHQZlUWLJHQ)DOOHGLHVHVFK|QH
5FNVLFKW QLFKW HLQH hEHUWUHLEXQJ EHGHXWHQ"« (LQ *HVFKlIW
YHUJU|‰HUW VLFK« HLQH )DPLOLH EOKW HPSRU« NXU]XP GLH
%HGLQJXQJHQZHUGHQDQGHUHXQGEHVVHUH«©
ª0HLQ ZHUWHU )UHXQG© VSUDFK GHU .RQVXO« ª6LH VHKHQ LQ PLU
HLQHQ *HVFKlIWVPDQQ YRQ .XODQ] 0HLQ *RWW« 6LH KDEHQ PLFK
QLFKWHLQPDODXVUHGHQODVVHQVRQVWZ‰WHQ6LHEHUHLWVGD‰LFKZLOOLJ
XQG EHUHLW ELQ ,KQHQ GHQ 8PVWlQGHQ HQWVSUHFKHQG
HQWJHJHQ]XNRPPHQXQGGD‰LFKGHQVLHE]LJWDXVHQGVFKODQNHUKDQG
]HKQWDXVHQGKLQ]XIJH©
ª$FKW]LJWDXVHQGDOVR«©VDJWH+HUU*UQOLFKXQGGDQQPDFKWHHU
HLQH 0XQGEHZHJXQJ DOV ZROOWH HU VDJHQ 1LFKW ]XYLHO DEHU HV
JHQJW
0DQHLQLJWHVLFKLQGHUOLHEHQVZUGLJVWHQ:HLVHXQGGHU.RQVXO
NODSSHUWHDOVHUVLFKHUKRE]XIULHGHQPLWGHPJUR‰HQ6FKOVVHOEXQG
LQ VHLQHU %HLQNOHLGWDVFKH (UVW PLW GHQ DFKW]LJWDXVHQG KDWWH HU GLH
WUDGLWLRQHOOH+|KHGHU%DUPLWJLIWHUUHLFKW
+LHUDXIHPSIDKOVLFK+HUU*UQOLFKXQGUHLVWH QDFK +DPEXUJ DE
7RQ\ YHUVSUWH ZHQLJ YRQ LKUHU QHXHQ /HEHQVODJH 1LHPDQG
KLQGHUWH VLH EHL 0|OOHQGRUSIV /DQJKDOV¶ .LVWHQPDNHUV XQG LP
HLJHQHQ+DXVH]X WDQ]HQ DXI GHP %XUJIHOGH XQG GHQ7UDYHZLHVHQ
6FKOLWWVFKXK ]X ODXIHQ XQG GLH +XOGLJXQJHQ GHU MXQJHQ +HUUHQ
HQWJHJHQ]XQHKPHQ« 0LWWH 2NWREHU KDWWH VLH *HOHJHQKHLW GHU
9HUOREXQJVJHVHOOVFKDIW EHL]XZRKQHQ GLH PDQ EHL0|OOHQGRUSIV ]X
(KUHQ GHV lOWHVWHQ 6RKQHV XQG -XOFKHQ +DJHQVWU|PV YHUDQVWDOWHWH
ª7RP© VDJWH VLH ª,FK JHKH QLFKW KLQ (VLVW HPS|UHQG© $EHU VLH
JLQJGHQQRFKKLQXQGXQWHUKLHOWVLFKDXIVEHVWH


,P EULJHQ KDWWH VLH VLFK PLW GHQ )HGHUVWULFKHQ GLH VLH GHU
)DPLOLHQJHVFKLFKWH KLQ]XJHIJW GLH (UODXEQLV HUZRUEHQ PLW GHU
.RQVXOLQ RGHU DOOHLQ LQ DOOHQ /lGHQ GHU 6WDGW .RPPLVVLRQHQ
JU|‰HUHQ 6WLOHV ]X PDFKHQ XQG IU LKUH $XVVWHXHU HLQH YRUQHKPH
$XVVWHXHU 6RUJH ]X WUDJHQ 7DJHODQJ VD‰HQ LP )UKVWFNV]LPPHU
DP )HQVWHU ]ZHL 1lKHULQQHQ ZHOFKH VlXPWHQ 0RQRJUDPPH
VWLFNWHQXQGHLQH0HQJH/DQGEURWPLWJUQHP.lVHD‰HQ«
ª,VWGDV/HLQHQ]HXJYRQ/HQWI|KUJHNRPPHQ0DPD"©
ª1HLQPHLQ.LQGDEHUKLHUVLQG]ZHL'XW]HQG7HHVHUYLHWWHQ©
ª6FK|Q  8QG HU KDWWH YHUVSURFKHQ HV ELV KHXWH QDFKPLWWDJ ]X
VFKLFNHQ0HLQ*RWWGLH/DNHQPVVHQJHVlXPWZHUGHQ«©
ª0DPVHOO %LWWHUOLFKIUDJW QDFK GHQ 6SLW]HQIUGLH .LVVHQEKUHQ
,GD©
ª,P /HLQHQVFKUDQN DXI GHU 'LHOH UHFKWV 7RQ\FKHQ PHLQ
.LQGFKHQ©
ª/LQH©
ª.|QQWHVWDXFKJHUQPDOVHOEVWVSULQJHQPHLQ+HU]FKHQ«©
ª2 *RWW ZHQQ LFK GDUXP KHLUDWH XP VHOEHU GLH 7UHSSHQ ]X
ODXIHQ«©
ª+DVWGXDQGLH7UDXXQJVWRLOHWWHJHGDFKW7RQ\"©
ª0RLUHDQWLTXH0DPD«,FKODVVHPLFKQLFKWWUDXHQRKQHPRLUH
DQWLTXH©
6R YHUJLQJ GHU 2NWREHU GHU 1RYHPEHU =XU :HLKQDFKWV]HLW
HUVFKLHQ +HUU *UQOLFK XP GHQ +HLOLJHQ $EHQG LP .UHLVH GHU
%XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ )DPLOLH ]X YHUOHEHQ XQG DXFK GLH (LQODGXQJ
]XU)HLHUEHLGHQDOWHQ.U|JHUVVFKOXJHUQLFKWDXV6HLQ%HQHKPHQ
JHJHQEHUVHLQHU%UDXWZDUHUIOOWYRQGHP=DUWJHIKOGDVPDQYRQ
LKP ]X JHZlUWLJHQ EHUHFKWLJW ZDU .HLQH XQQ|WLJH )HLHUOLFKNHLW
.HLQH JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH %HKLQGHUXQJ .HLQH WDNWORVHQ
=lUWOLFKNHLWHQ (LQ KLQJHKDXFKW GLVNUHWHU .X‰ DXI GLH 6WLUQ LQ
*HJHQZDUW GHU (OWHUQ KDWWH GDV 9HUO|EQLV EHVLHJHOW« =XZHLOHQ
YHUZXQGHUWH 7RQ\ VLFK HLQ ZHQLJ GD‰ VHLQ *OFN MHW]W GHU
9HU]ZHLIOXQJGLHHUEHLLKUHQ:HLJHUXQJHQDQGHQ7DJJHOHJWKDWWH
NDXP ]X HQWVSUHFKHQ VFKLHQ (U EHWUDFKWHWH VLH OHGLJOLFK PLW HLQHU
KHLWHUHQ %HVLW]HUPLHQH« +LH XQG GD IUHLOLFK ZHQQ HU ]XIlOOLJ PLW


LKU DOOHLQ JHEOLHEHQ ZDU NRQQWH HLQH VFKHU]KDIWH HLQH QHFNLVFKH
6WLPPXQJLKQEHUNRPPHQNRQQWHHUGHQ9HUVXFKPDFKHQVLHDXI
VHLQH.QLH]X]LHKHQXPVHLQH)DYRULVLKUHP*HVLFKW]XQlKHUQXQG
VLH PLW YRU +HLWHUNHLW ]LWWHUQGHU 6WLPPH ]X IUDJHQ ª+DEH LFK GLFK
GRFKHUZLVFKW"+DEHLFKGLFKGRFKQRFKHUJDWWHUW"«©
:RUDXI 7RQ\ DQWZRUWHWH ª2 *RWW 6LH YHUJHVVHQ VLFK© XQG VLFK
PLW*HVFKLFNOLFKNHLWEHIUHLWH
+HUU *UQOLFK NHKUWH EDOG QDFK GHP :HLKQDFKWVIHVW QDFK
+DPEXUJ ]XUFN GHQQ VHLQ UHJHV *HVFKlIW IRUGHUWH XQHUELWWOLFK
VHLQHSHUV|QOLFKH*HJHQZDUWXQG%XGGHQEURRNVVWLPPWHQPLW LKP
VWLOOVFKZHLJHQG GDULQ EHUHLQ GD‰ 7RQ\ YRU GHU 9HUOREXQJ =HLW
JHQXJJHKDEWKDEHVHLQH%HNDQQWVFKDIW]XPDFKHQ
'LH :RKQXQJVIUDJH ZDUG EULHIOLFK JHRUGQHW 7RQ\ GLH VLFK JDQ]
DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK DXI GDV /HEHQ LQ HLQHU *UR‰VWDGW IUHXWH JDE GHP
:XQVFKH$XVGUXFNVLFKLP,QQHUQ+DPEXUJVQLHGHU]XODVVHQZRMD
DXFK  XQG ]ZDU LQ GHU 6SLWDOHUVWUD‰H  VLFK +HUUQ *UQOLFKV
&RPSWRLUVEHIDQGHQ$OOHLQ GHU %UlXWLJDP HUODQJWH PLW PlQQOLFKHU
%HKDUUOLFKNHLW GLH (UPlFKWLJXQJ ]XP $QNDXIH HLQHU 9LOOD YRU GHU
6WDGWEHL(LPVEWWHO«LQURPDQWLVFKHUXQGZHOWHQWUFNWHU/DJHDOV
LG\OOLVFKHV 1HVWFKHQ VR UHFKW JHHLJQHW IU HLQ MXQJHV (KHSDDU 
ªSURFXO QHJRWLLV©  QHLQ HU KDWWH VHLQ /DWHLQ JOHLFKIDOOV QRFK QLFKW
Y|OOLJYHUJHVVHQ
(V YHUJLQJ GHU 'H]HPEHU XQG ]X %HJLQQ GHV -DKUHV
VHFKVXQGYLHU]LJ ZDUG +RFK]HLW JHPDFKW (V JDE HLQHQ SUlFKWLJHQ
3ROWHUDEHQG EHL GHP GLH KDOEH 6WDGW DQZHVHQG ZDU 7RQ\¶V
)UHXQGLQQHQ  GDUXQWHU DXFK $UPJDUG YRQ 6FKLOOLQJ GLH LQ HLQHU
WXUPKRKHQ .XWVFKH ]XU 6WDGW JHNRPPHQ ZDU  WDQ]WHQ PLW 7RPV
XQG&KULVWLDQV)UHXQGHQGDUXQWHUDXFK$QGUHDV*LHVHNH6RKQGHV
%UDQGGLUHNWRUV XQG 6WXGLRVXV MXULV VRZLH 6WHSKDQ XQG (GXDUG
.LVWHQPDNHUYRQ¾.LVWHQPDNHU 6|KQH½LP(‰VDDOHXQGDXIGHP
.RUULGRUGHU]XGLHVHP%HKXIHPLW7DONXPEHVWUHXWZRUGHQZDU«
)U GDV 3ROWHUQ VRUJWH LQ HUVWHU /LQLH .RQVXO 3HWHU '|KOPDQQ GHU
DXIGHQ6WHLQIOLHVHQGHUJUR‰HQ'LHOHDOOHLUGHQHQ7|SIH]HUVFKOXJ
GHUHQHUKDEKDIWZHUGHQNRQQWH
)UDX 6WXKW DXV GHU *ORFNHQJLH‰HUVWUD‰H KDWWH ZLHGHU HLQPDO
*HOHJHQKHLWLQGHQHUVWHQ.UHLVHQ]XYHUNHKUHQLQGHPVLH0DPVHOO


-XQJPDQQXQGGLH6FKQHLGHULQDP+RFK]HLWVWDJHEHL7RQ\¶V7RLOHWWH
XQWHUVWW]WH 6LH KDWWH VWUDIH VLH *RWW QLHPDOV HLQH VFK|QHUH %UDXW
JHVHKHQ ODJ VR GLFN VLH ZDU DXI GHQ .QLHQ XQG EHIHVWLJWH PLW
EHZXQGHUQGHUKREHQHQ$XJHQGLHNOHLQHQ0\UWHQ]ZHLJOHLQDXIGHU
ZHL‰HQ PRLUH DQWLTXH« 'LHV JHVFKDK LP )UKVWFNV]LPPHU +HUU
*UQOLFK ZDUWHWH LQ ODQJVFK|‰LJHP )UDFN XQG VHLGHQHU :HVWH YRU
GHU 7U 6HLQ URVLJHV *HVLFKW ]HLJWH HLQHQ HUQVWHQ XQG NRUUHNWHQ
$XVGUXFN DXI GHU :DU]H DQ VHLQHP OLQNHQ 1DVHQIOJHO EHPHUNWH
PDQ HLQ ZHQLJ 3XGHU XQG VHLQH JROGJHOEHQ )DYRULV ZDUHQ PLW
6RUJIDOWIULVLHUW
'UREHQLQGHU6lXOHQKDOOHGHQQGRUWVROOWHGLH7UDXXQJVWDWWILQGHQ
KDWWHVLFKGLH)DPLOLHYHUVDPPHOW HLQHVWDWWOLFKH*HVHOOVFKDIW'D
VD‰HQ GLH DOWHQ .U|JHUV HLQ ZHQLJ NPPHUOLFK EHLGH VFKRQ DEHU
ZLH VWHWV GLH GLVWLQJXLHUWHVWHQ (UVFKHLQXQJHQ 'D ZDUHQ .RQVXO
.U|JHUPLWLKUHQ6|KQHQ-UJHQXQG-DNREZHOFKOHW]WHUHUZLHGLH
9HUZDQGWHQ 'XFKDPSV YRQ +DPEXUJ JHNRPPHQ ZDU 'D ZDU
*RWWKROG %XGGHQEURRN XQG VHLQH )UDX GLH JHERUHQH 6WZLQJ PLW
)ULHGHULNH +HQULHWWHXQG 3ILIIL GLH VLFKOHLGHU DOOH GUHL ZRKO QLFKW
PHKU YHUKHLUDWHQ ZUGHQ« 'D ZDU GLH PHFNOHQEXUJLVFKH
1HEHQOLQLHGXUFK.ORWKLOGHQV9DWHU+HUUQ %HUQKDUGW %XGGHQEURRN
YHUWUHWHQGHUYRQ¾8QJQDGH½KHUHLQJHNRPPHQZDUXQGPLWJUR‰HQ
$XJHQGDVXQHUK|UWKHUUVFKDIWOLFKH+DXVVHLQHVUHLFKHQ9HUZDQGWHQ
EHWUDFKWHWH 'LH LQ )UDQNIXUWKDWWHQ QXU *HVFKHQNH JHVFKLFNW GHQQ
GLH5HLVHZDUGRFK]XXPVWlQGOLFK«$QLKUHU6WHOOHDEHUZDUHQDOV
HLQ]LJH GLH QLFKW GHU )DPLOLH ]XJHK|UWHQ 'RNWRU *UDERZ GHU
+DXVDU]W XQG 0DPVHOO :HLFKEURGW 7RQ\¶V PWWHUOLFKH )UHXQGLQ
]XJHJHQ  6HVHPL :HLFKEURGW PLW JDQ] QHXHQ JUQHQ
+DXEHQElQGHUQ EHU GHQ 6HLWHQORFNHQ XQG HLQHP VFKZDU]HQ
.OHLGFKHQ ª6HL JO|FNOLFK GX JXWHV .LQG© VDJWH VLH DOV 7RQ\ DQ
+HUUQ*UQOLFKV6HLWHLQGHU6lXOHQKDOOHHUVFKLHQUHFNWHVLFKHPSRU
XQG N‰WH VLH PLW OHLVH NQDOOHQGHP *HUlXVFK DXI GLH 6WLUQ  'LH
)DPLOLHZDU]XIULHGHQPLWGHU%UDXW7RQ\VDKKEVFKXQEHIDQJHQ
XQG KHLWHU DXV ZHQQ DXFK HLQ ZHQLJ EOD‰ YRU 1HXJLHU XQG
5HLVHILHEHU
'LH +DOOH ZDU PLW %OXPHQ JHVFKPFNW XQG HLQ $OWDU DQ LKUHU
UHFKWHQ 6HLWH HUULFKWHW ZRUGHQ 3DVWRU .|OOLQJ YRQ 6DQNW 0DULHQ
KLHOW GLH 7UDXXQJ ZREHL HU PLW VWDUNHQ :RUWHQ LP EHVRQGHUHQ ]XU


0l‰LJNHLWHUPDKQWH$OOHVYHUOLHIQDFK2UGQXQJXQG%UDXFK7RQ\
EUDFKWH HLQ QDLYHV XQG JXWPWLJHV ª-D© KHUDXV ZlKUHQG +HUU
*UQOLFK]XYRUª+llKP©VDJWHXPVHLQH.HKOH]XUHLQLJHQ'DQQ
ZDUGJDQ]DX‰HURUGHQWOLFKJXWXQGYLHOJHJHVVHQ
:lKUHQGGUREHQLP6DDOHGLH*lVWHPLWGHP3DVWRULQLKUHU0LWWH
]X VSHLVHQ IRUWIXKUHQ JHOHLWHWHQ GHU .RQVXO XQG VHLQH *DWWLQ GDV
MXQJH 3DDU GDV VLFK UHLVHIHUWLJ JHPDFKW KDWWH LQ GLH ZHL‰QHEHOLJH
6FKQHHOXIW KLQDXV 'HU JUR‰H 5HLVHZDJHQ KLHOW PLW .RIIHUQ XQG
7DVFKHQEHSDFNWYRUGHU+DXVWU
1DFKGHP 7RQ\ PHKUHUH 0DOH GLH hEHU]HXJXQJ DXVJHVSURFKHQ
KDWWH GD‰ VLH VHKU EDOG ]X %HVXFK QDFK +DXVH NRPPHQ XQG GD‰
DXFKGHU%HVXFKGHU(OWHUQLQ+DPEXUJQLFKWODQJHDXIVLFKZDUWHQ
ODVVHQZHUGHVWLHJVLHJXWHQ0XWHVLQGLH.XWVFKHXQGOLH‰VLFKYRQ
GHU .RQVXOLQ VRUJIlOWLJ LQ GLH ZDUPH 3HO]GHFNH KOOHQ $XFK LKU
*DWWHQDKP3ODW]
ª8QG«*UQOLFK©VDJWHGHU.RQVXOªGLHQHXHQ6SLW]HQOLHJHQLQ
GHUNOHLQHUHQ+DQGWDVFKH]XREHUVW6LHQHKPHQVLHYRU+DPEXUJHLQ
EL‰FKHQXQWHUGHQ3DOHWRWZLH"'LHVH$N]LVH«PDQPX‰GDVQDFK
0|JOLFKNHLW XPJHKHQ /HEHQ 6LH ZRKO /HE ZRKO QRFK HLQPDO
PHLQHOLHEH7RQ\*RWWVHLPLWGLU©
ª6LH ZHUGHQGRFKLQ $KUHQVEXUJ JXWH 8QWHUNXQIW ILQGHQ"© IUDJWH
GLH.RQVXOLQ«
ª%HVWHOOWWHXHUVWH0DPDDOOHVEHVWHOOW©DQWZRUWHWH+HUU*UQOLFK
$QWRQ /LQH7ULQH 6RSKLH YHUDEVFKLHGHWHQ VLFK YRQ ª0D¶P¶
*UQOLFK©«
0DQZDULP%HJULIIHGHQ6FKODJ]XVFKOLH‰HQDOV7RQ\YRQHLQHU
SO|W]OLFKHQ%HZHJXQJEHUNRPPHQZDUG7URW]GHU 8PVWlQGH GLH
HV YHUXUVDFKWH ZLFNHOWH VLH VLFK QRFK HLQPDO DXV GHU 5HLVHGHFNH
KHUDXVVWLHJUFNVLFKWVORVEHU+HUUQ*UQOLFKV.QLHKLQZHJGHU]X
PXUUHQEHJDQQXQGXPDUPWHPLW/HLGHQVFKDIWLKUHQ9DWHUª$GLHX
3DSD«0HLQ JXWHU 3DSD© 8QG GDQQ IOVWHUWH VLH JDQ] OHLVH ª%LVW
GX]XIULHGHQPLWPLU"©
'HU .RQVXO SUH‰WH VLH HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN ZRUWORV DQ VLFK GDQQ
VFKRE HU VLH HLQ ZHQLJ YRQ VLFK XQG VFKWWHOWH PLW LQQLJHP
1DFKGUXFNLKUHEHLGHQ+lQGH«


+LHUDXI ZDU DOOHV EHUHLW 'HU 6FKODJ NQDOOWH GHU .XWVFKHU
VFKQDO]WH GLH 3IHUGH ]RJHQ DQ GD‰ GLH 6FKHLEHQ NOLUUWHQ XQG GLH
.RQVXOLQ OLH‰ LKU %DWLVWWFKOHLQ LP :LQGH VSLHOHQ ELV GHU :DJHQ
GHU UDVVHOQG GLH 6WUD‰H KLQXQWHUIXKU LP 6FKQHHQHEHO ]X
YHUVFKZLQGHQEHJDQQ
'HU .RQVXO VWDQG JHGDQNHQYROO QHEHQ VHLQHU *DWWLQ GLH LKUH
3HO]SHOHULQH PLW JUD]L|VHU %HZHJXQJ IHVWHU XP GLH 6FKXOWHUQ ]RJ
ª'DIlKUWVLHKLQ%HWKV\©
ª-D-HDQGDVHUVWHGDVGDYRQJHKW*ODXEVWGXGD‰VLHJOFNOLFK
LVWPLWLKP"©
ª$FK%HWKV\VLHLVW]XIULHGHQPLWVLFKVHOEVWGDVLVWGDVVROLGHVWH
*OFNGDVZLUDXI(UGHQHUODQJHQN|QQHQ©
6LHNHKUWHQ]XLKUHQ*lVWHQ]XUFN

)QI]HKQWHV.DSLWHO

7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN JLQJ GLH 0HQJVWUD‰H KLQXQWHU ELV ]XP


)QIKDXVHQ(UYHUPLHGHVREHQKHUXPGXUFK GLH %UHLWH 6WUD‰H ]X
JHKHQ XP QLFKW GHU YLHOHQ %HNDQQWHQ ZHJHQ EHVWlQGLJ GHQ +XW LQ
GHU +DQG WUDJHQ ]X PVVHQ %HLGH +lQGH LQ GHQ ZHLWHQ 7DVFKHQ
VHLQHV ZDUPHQ GXQNHOJUDXHQ .UDJHQPDQWHOV VFKULWW HU ]LHPOLFK LQ
VLFK JHNHKUW EHU GHQ KDUWJHIURUHQHQ NULVWDOOLVFK DXIEOLW]HQGHQ
6FKQHH GHU XQWHU VHLQHQ 6WLHIHOQ NQDUUWH (U JLQJ VHLQHQ HLJHQHQ
:HJ YRQ GHP QLHPDQG ZX‰WH« 'HU +LPPHO OHXFKWHWH KHOO EODX
XQG NDOW HV ZDU HLQH IULVFKH KHUEH ZU]LJH /XIW HLQ ZLQGVWLOOHV
KDUWHV NODUHV XQG UHLQOLFKHV :HWWHU YRQ IQI *UDG )URVW HLQ
)HEUXDUWDJVRQGHUJOHLFKHQ
7KRPDV VFKULWW GHQ )QIKDXVHQ KLQXQWHU HU GXUFKTXHUWH GLH
%HFNHUJUXEH XQG JHODQJWH GXUFK HLQH VFKPDOH 4XHUVWUD‰H LQ GLH
)LVFKHUJUXEH 'LHVH 6WUD‰H GLH LQ JOHLFKHU 5LFKWXQJ PLW GHU
0HQJVWUD‰HVWHLO]XU7UDYHKLQDEILHOYHUIROJWHHUHLQSDDU6FKULWWH
ZHLW DEZlUWV ELV HU YRU HLQHP NOHLQHQ +DXVH VWDQG HLQHP JDQ]
EHVFKHLGHQHQ %OXPHQODGHQ PLW VFKPDOHU 7U XQG GUIWLJHP


6FKDXIHQVWHUFKHQ LQ GHP HLQ SDDU 7|SIH PLW =ZLHEHOJHZlFKVHQ
QHEHQHLQDQGHUDXIHLQHUJUQHQ*ODVVFKHLEHVWDQGHQ
(U WUDW HLQ ZREHL GLH %OHFKJORFNH REHQ DQ GHU 7U ]X NOlIIHQ
EHJDQQ ZLH HLQ ZDFKVDPHV +QGFKHQ 'ULQQHQ YRUP /DGHQWLVFK
VWDQG LP *HVSUlFK PLW GHU MXQJHQ 9HUNlXIHULQ HLQH NOHLQH GLFNH
lOWOLFKH 'DPH LQ WUNLVFKHP 8PKDQJ 6LH ZlKOWH XQWHU HLQLJHQ
%OXPHQW|SIHQ SUIWH URFK PlNHOWH XQG VFKZDW]WH GD‰ VLH
EHVWlQGLJ JHQ|WLJW ZDU VLFK PLW GHP 6FKQXSIWXFK GHQ 0XQG ]X
ZLVFKHQ 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN JU‰WH VLH K|IOLFK XQG WUDW ]XU
6HLWH« 6LH ZDU HLQH XQEHJWHUWH 9HUZDQGWH GHU /DQJKDOV HLQH
JXWPWLJH XQG VFKZDW]KDIWH DOWH -XQJIHU GLH GHQ 1DPHQ HLQHU
)DPLOLH DXV GHU HUVWHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW WUXJ RKQH GLHVHU *HVHOOVFKDIW
GRFK ]X]XJHK|UHQ GLH QLFKW ]X JUR‰HQ 'LQHUVXQG %lOOHQ VRQGHUQ
QXU ]X NOHLQHQ .DIIHH]LUNHOQ JHEHWHQ ZDUG XQG PLW ZHQLJHQ
$XVQDKPHQYRQDOOHU:HOWª7DQWH/RWWFKHQ©JHQDQQWZXUGH(LQHQ
LQ 6HLGHQSDSLHU JHZLFNHOWHQ %OXPHQWRSI XQWHU GHP $UPH ZDQGWH
VLHVLFK ]XU7UXQG7KRPDV VDJWH QDFKGHP HU DXIV QHXH JHJU‰W
KDWWHPLWODXWHU6WLPPH]XP/DGHQPlGFKHQª*HEHQ6LHPLU«HLQ
SDDU5RVHQELWWH«-DJOHLFKJOWLJ/D)UDQFH«©
'DQQDOV7DQWH/RWWFKHQGLH7UKLQWHUVLFKJHVFKORVVHQKDWWHXQG
YHUVFKZXQGHQZDUVDJWHHUOHLVHUª6ROHJQXUZLHGHUZHJ$QQD«
*XWHQ7DJ NOHLQH $QQD -D KHXWH ELQ LFK UHFKW VFKZHUHQ +HU]HQV
JHNRPPHQ©
$QQD WUXJ HLQH ZHL‰H 6FKU]H EHU LKUHP VFKZDU]HQ VFKOLFKWHQ
.OHLGH 6LH ZDU ZXQGHUEDU KEVFK 6LH ZDU ]DUW ZLH HLQH *D]HOOH
XQG EHVD‰ HLQHQ EHLQDKH PDODLLVFKHQ *HVLFKWVW\SXV HLQ ZHQLJ
KHUYRUVWHKHQGH :DQJHQNQRFKHQ VFKPDOH VFKZDU]H $XJHQ YROO
HLQHV ZHLFKHQ 6FKLPPHUV XQG HLQHQ PDWWJHOEOLFKHQ 7HLQW ZLH HU
ZHLW XQG EUHLW QLFKW lKQOLFK ]X ILQGHQ ZDU ,KUH +lQGH YRQ
GHUVHOEHQ )DUEH ZDUHQ VFKPDO XQG IU HLQ /DGHQPlGFKHQ YRQ
DX‰HURUGHQWOLFKHU6FK|QKHLW
6LHJLQJKLQWHUGHP9HUNDXIVWLVFKHDQGDVUHFKWH(QGHGHVNOHLQHQ
/DGHQVZRPDQGXUFKV6FKDXIHQVWHUQLFKWJHVHKHQZHUGHQNRQQWH
7KRPDV IROJWH LKU GLHVVHLWV GHV 7LVFKHV EHXJWH VLFK KLQEHU XQG
N‰WHVLHDXIGLH/LSSHQXQGGLH$XJHQª'XELVWJDQ]YHUIURUHQGX
bUPVWHU© VDJWH VLH ª)QI *UDG© VDJWH 7RP« ª,FK KDEH QLFKWV
JHPHUNWLFKJLQJ]LHPOLFKWUDXULJKLHUKHU©


(UVHW]WHVLFKDXIGHQ/DGHQWLVFKEHKLHOWLKUH+DQGLQGHUVHLQHQ
XQG IXKU IRUW ª-D K|UVW GX $QQD"« KHXWH PVVHQ ZLU QXQ
YHUQQIWLJVHLQ(VLVWVRZHLW©
ª$FK *RWW«© VDJWH VLH NOlJOLFK XQG HUKRE YROO )XUFKW XQG
.XPPHULKUH6FKU]H«
ª(LQPDOPX‰WHHVGRFKKHUDQNRPPHQ$QQD«6RQLFKWZHLQHQ
:LU ZROOWHQ GRFK YHUQQIWLJ VHLQ ZLH"  :DV LVW GD ]X WXQ"
'HUJOHLFKHQPX‰GXUFKJHPDFKWZHUGHQ©
ª:DQQ«"©IUDJWH$QQDVFKOXFK]HQG
ªhEHUPRUJHQ©
ª$FK *RWW« ZDUXP EHUPRUJHQ" (LQH :RFKH QRFK« %LWWH«
)QI7DJH«©
ª'DV JHKW QLFKW OLHEH NOHLQH $QQD $OOHV LVW EHVWLPPW XQG LQ
2UGQXQJ« 6LH HUZDUWHQ PLFK LQ $PVWHUGDP« ,FK N|QQWH DXFK
QLFKWHLQHQ7DJ]XOHJHQZHQQLFKHVQRFKVRJHUQHZROOWH©
ª8QGGDVLVWVRIUFKWHUOLFKZHLWIRUW«©
ª$PVWHUGDP"3DKJDUQLFKW8QGGHQNHQNDQQPDQ GRFK LPPHU
DQHLQDQGHUZLH"8QGLFKVFKUHLEH3D‰DXILFKVFKUHLEHVRZLHLFK
GRUWELQ«©
ª:HL‰W GX QRFK«© VDJWH VLH ªYRU HLQXQGHLQKDOE -DKUHQ" %HLP
6FKW]HQIHVW"«©
(U XQWHUEUDFK VLH HQW]FNW ª*RWW MD HLQXQGHLQKDOE -DKUH« ,FK
KLHOWGLFKIUHLQH,WDOLHQHULQ«,FKNDXIWHHLQH1HONHXQGVWHFNWHVLH
LQV .QRSIORFK« ,FK KDEH VLH QRFK« ,FK QHKPH VLH PLW QDFK
$PVWHUGDP« :DV IU HLQ 6WDXE XQG HLQH +LW]H ZDU DXI GHU
:LHVH«©
ª-DGXKROWHVWPLUHLQ*ODV/LPRQDGHDXVGHU%XGHQHEHQDQ«,FK
HULQQHUH GDV ZLH KHXWH $OOHV URFK QDFK 6FKPDO]JHElFN XQG
0HQVFKHQ«©
ª$EHU VFK|Q ZDU HV GRFK 6DKHQ ZLU XQV QLFKW JOHLFK DQ GHQ
$XJHQDQZDVIUHLQH%HZDQGWQLVHVPLWXQVKDWWH"©
ª8QGGXZROOWHVWPLWPLU.DUXVVHOOIDKUHQ«DEHUGDVJLQJQLFKW
LFKPX‰WHGRFKYHUNDXIHQ'LH)UDXKlWWHJHVFKROWHQ«©
ª1HLQHVJLQJQLFKW$QQDGDVVHKHLFKYROONRPPHQHLQ©


6LHVDJWHOHLVHª8QGHVLVWDXFKGDVHLQ]LJHJHEOLHEHQZDVLFKGLU
DEJHVFKODJHQKDEH©
(U N‰WH VLH DXIV QHXH DXI GLH /LSSHQ XQG GLH $XJHQ ª$GLHX
PHLQHOLHEHJXWHNOHLQH$QQD«-DPDQPX‰DQIDQJHQ$GLHX]X
VDJHQ©
ª$FKGXNRPPVWGRFKPRUJHQQRFKHLQPDOZLHGHU"©
ª-DVLFKHUXPGLHVH=HLW8QGDXFKEHUPRUJHQIUKQRFKZHQQ
LFK PLFK LUJHQG ORVPDFKHQ NDQQ« $EHU MHW]W ZLOO LFK GLU HLQHV
VDJHQ$QQD«,FKJHKHQXQ]LHPOLFKZHLWIRUWMDHVLVWLPPHUKLQ
UHFKWZHLW$PVWHUGDP«XQGGXEOHLEVWKLHU]XUFN$EHUZLUIGLFK
QLFKW ZHJ K|UVW GX $QQD"« 'HQQ ELV MHW]W KDVW GX GLFK QLFKW
ZHJJHZRUIHQGDVVDJHLFKGLU©
6LH ZHLQWH LQ LKUH 6FKU]H GLH VLH PLW LKUHU IUHLHQ +DQG YRUV
*HVLFKWKLHOWª8QGGX"«8QGGX"©
ª'DV ZHL‰ *RWW $QQD ZLH GLH 'LQJH JHKHQ ZHUGHQ 0DQ EOHLEW
QLFKW LPPHU MXQJ« GX ELVW HLQ NOXJHV 0lGFKHQ GX KDVW QLHPDOV
HWZDVYRQ+HLUDWHQJHVDJWXQGGHUJOHLFKHQ«©
ª1HLQEHKWH«GD‰LFKGDVYRQGLUYHUODQJH«©
ª0DQZLUG JHWUDJHQ VLHKVW GX« :HQQLFK DP /HEHQ ELQ ZHUGH
LFK GDV *HVFKlIW EHUQHKPHQ ZHUGH HLQH 3DUWLH PDFKHQ« MD LFK
ELQRIIHQJHJHQGLFKEHLP$EVFKLHG«8QGDXFKGX«GDVZLUGVR
JHKHQ« ,FK ZQVFKH GLU DOOHV *OFN PHLQH OLHEH JXWH NOHLQH
$QQD$EHUZLUIGLFKQLFKWZHJK|UVWGX"«'HQQELVMHW]WKDVWGX
GLFKQLFKWZHJJHZRUIHQGDVVDJHLFKGLU«©
+LHUGULQQHQZDUHVZDUP(LQIHXFKWHU'XIWYRQ(UGHXQG%OXPHQ
ODJLQGHPNOHLQHQ/DGHQ'UDX‰HQVFKLFNWHVFKRQGLH:LQWHUVRQQH
VLFK DQ XQWHU]XJHKHQ (LQ ]DUWHV UHLQHV XQG ZLH DXI 3RU]HOODQ
JHPDOW EODVVHV $EHQGURW VFKPFNWH MHQVHLWV GHV )OXVVHV GHQ
+LPPHO'DV.LQQLQGLHDXIJHVFKODJHQHQ.UDJHQLKUHUhEHU]LHKHU
YHUVWHFNWHLOWHQGLH/HXWHDP6FKDXIHQVWHUYRUEHUXQGVDKHQQLFKWV
YRQ GHQ EHLGHQ GLH LQ GHP :LQNHO GHV NOHLQHQ %OXPHQODGHQV
YRQHLQDQGHU$EVFKLHGQDKPHQ


9,(57(57(,/

(UVWHV.DSLWHO

G$SULO0HLQHOLHEH0DPD
WDXVHQG'DQNIU'HLQHQ%ULHILQZHOFKHP'XPLU$UPJDUGYRQ
6FKLOOLQJV 9HUOREXQJ PLW +HUUQ YRQ 0DLERRP DXI 3|SSHQUDGH
PLWWHLOWHVW$UPJDUGVHOEVWKDWPLUHEHQIDOOVHLQH$Q]HLJHJHVFKLFNW
VHKUYRUQHKP*ROGUDQG XQGGD]XHLQHQ%ULHIJHVFKULHEHQLQGHP
VLH VLFK lX‰HUVW HQW]FNW EHU GHQ %UlXWLJDP DXVOl‰W (V VROO HLQ
ELOGVFK|QHU0DQQ VHLQ XQG YRQ YRUQHKPHP :HVHQ :LH JOFNOLFK
VLH VHLQ PX‰ $OOHV KHLUDWHW DXFK DXV 0QFKHQ KDEH LFK HLQH
$Q]HLJHYRQ(YD(ZHUV6LHEHNRPPWHLQHQ%UDXHUHLGLUHNWRU
$EHUQXQPX‰LFK'LFKHLQHVIUDJHQOLHEH0DPDZDUXPQlPOLFK
QRFK LPPHU QLFKWV EHU HLQHQ %HVXFK YRQ .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRNV
KLHUVHOEVW YHUODXWHW :DUWHW ,KU YLHOOHLFKW DXI HLQH RIIL]LHOOH
(LQODGXQJ *UQOLFKV" 'DV ZlUH QLFKW Q|WLJ GHQQ HU GHQNW JODXEH
LFK JDU QLFKW GDUDQ XQG ZHQQ LFK LKQ HULQQHUH VR VDJW HU -D MD
.LQGGHLQ9DWHU KDW DQGHUHV ]X WXQ 2GHU JODXEW ,KU YLHOOHLFKW ,KU
VW|UW PLFK" $FK QHLQ QLFKW LP DOOHUJHULQJVWHQ 2GHU JODXEW ,KU
YLHOOHLFKW,KUPDFKW PLU QXU ZLHGHU +HLPZHK" 'X OLHEHU *RWW LFK
ELQGRFKHLQH YHUVWlQGLJH )UDX LFK VWHKH PLWWHQ LP /HEHQ XQGELQ
JHUHLIW
6RHEHQZDULFK]XP.DIIHHEHL0DGDPH.lVHODXLQGHU1lKHHV
VLQG DQJHQHKPH /HXWH XQG DXFK XQVHUH 1DFKEDUQ OLQNHU +DQG
QDPHQV *X‰PDQQ DEHU GLH +lXVHU OLHJHQ ]LHPOLFK ZHLW
YRQHLQDQGHU VLQGXPJlQJOLFKH0HQVFKHQ:LUKDEHQHLQSDDUJXWH
+DXVIUHXQGHGLHEHLGHHEHQIDOOVKLHUGUDX‰HQ ZRKQHQ GHQ 'RNWRU
.ODD‰HQ YRQ ZHOFKHP LFK 'LU QDFKKHU QRFK ZHUGH HU]lKOHQ
PVVHQ  XQG GHQ %DQNLHU .HVVHOPH\HU *UQOLFKV LQWLPHQ )UHXQG
'X JODXEVW QLFKW ZDV IU HLQ NRPLVFKHU DOWHU +HUU GDV LVW (U KDW
HLQHQ ZHL‰HQ JHVFKRUHQHQ %DFNHQEDUW XQG VFKZDU]ZHL‰H GQQH
+DDUH DXI GHP .RSI GLH DXVVHKHQ ZLH )ODXPIHGHUQ XQG LQ MHGHP
/XIW]XJH IODWWHUQ 'D HU DXFK VR GUROOLJH .RSIEHZHJXQJHQ KDW ZLH
HLQ 9RJHO XQG ]LHPOLFK JHVFKZlW]LJ LVW QHQQH LFK LKQ LPPHU ªGLH


(OVWHU© DEHU *UQOLFK YHUELHWHW PLU GLHV GHQQ HU VDJW GLH (OVWHU
VWHKOH +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU DEHU VHL HLQ (KUHQPDQQ %HLP *HKHQ
EFNWHUVLFKXQGUXGHUWPLWGHQ$UPHQ6HLQH)ODXPIHGHUQUHLFKHQ
QXUELV]XU+lOIWHGHV+LQWHUNRSIHVXQGYRQGDDQLVWVHLQ1DFNHQ
JDQ] URW XQG ULVVLJ (U KDW HWZDV VR lX‰HUVW )U|KOLFKHV DQ VLFK
0DQFKPDO NORSIW HU PLU DXI GLH :DQJH XQG VDJW 6LH JXWH NOHLQH
)UDX ZHOFK *RWWHVVHJHQ IU *UQOLFK GD‰ HU 6LH EHNRPPHQ KDW
'DQQVXFKWHUHLQHQ=ZLFNHUKHUYRU HUKDWVWHWVGUHLGDYRQEHLVLFK
DQ ODQJHQ 6FKQUHQ GLH VLFK EHVWlQGLJ DXI VHLQHU ZHL‰HQ :HVWH
YHUZLFNHOQ VFKOlJW LKQ VLFK DXI GLH 1DVH GLHHU JDQ] NUDXV GDEHL
PDFKW XQG VLHKW PLFK PLW RIIHQHP 0XQGH VR YHUJQJOLFK DQ GD‰
LFKLKPODXWLQV*HVLFKWODFKH$EHUGDVQLPPWHUJDUQLFKWhEHO
*UQOLFK VHOEVW LVW YLHO EHVFKlIWLJW IlKUW PRUJHQV PLW XQVHUHP
NOHLQHQJHOEHQ:DJHQ]XU6WDGWXQGNRPPWRIWHUVWVSlWQDFK+DXVH
0DQFKPDOVLW]WHUEHLPLUXQGOLHVWGLH=HLWXQJ
:HQQ ZLU LQ *HVHOOVFKDIW IDKUHQ ]XP %HLVSLHO ]X .HVVHOPH\HU
RGHU.RQVXO*RXGVWLNNHUDP$OVWHUGDPPRGHU6HQDWRU%RFNLQGHU
5DWKDXVVWUD‰H VR PVVHQ ZLU HLQH 0LHWNXWVFKH QHKPHQ ,FK KDEH
*UQOLFKVFKRQRIWXP$QVFKDIIXQJHLQHV&RXSHVJHEHWHQGHQQGDV
LVWQ|WLJKLHUGUDX‰HQ(UKDWHVPLUDXFKKDOEXQGKDOEYHUVSURFKHQ
DEHUHUEHJLEWVLFKPHUNZUGLJHUZHLVHEHUKDXSWQLFKWJHUQPLWPLU
LQ *HVHOOVFKDIW XQG VLHKW HV DXJHQVFKHLQOLFK QLFKW JHUQ ZHQQ LFK
PLFK PLW GHQ /HXWHQ LQ GHU 6WDGW XQWHUKDOWH 6ROOWH HU HLIHUVFKWLJ
VHLQ"
8QVHUH9LOODGLHLFK'LUVFKRQHLQJHKHQGEHVFKULHEOLHEH0DPD
LVW ZLUNOLFK VHKU KEVFK XQG KDW VLFK GXUFK QHXHUOLFKH
0|EHODQVFKDIIXQJHQ QRFK YHUVFK|QHUW *HJHQ GHQ 6DORQ LP
+RFKSDUWHUUHKlWWHVW'XQLFKWVHLQ]XZHQGHQJDQ]LQEUDXQHU6HLGH
'DV(‰]LPPHUQHEHQDQLVWVHKUKEVFKJHWlIHOWGLH6WKOHKDEHQ
.XUDQWPDUNGDV6WFNJHNRVWHW,FKVLW]HLP3HQVHH]LPPHUGDVDOV
:RKQVWXEH GLHQW 'DQQ LVW GD QRFK HLQ 5DXFK XQG 6SLHONDELQHWW
'HU6DDOGHUMHQVHLWVGHV.RUULGRUVGLHDQGHUH+lOIWHGHV3DUWHUUHV
HLQQLPPW KDW MHW]W QRFK JHOEH 6WRUHV EHNRPPHQ XQG QLPPW VLFK
YRUQHKP DXV 2EHQ VLQG 6FKODI %DGH $QNOHLGH XQG
'LHQHUVFKDIWV]LPPHU )U GHQ JHOEHQ :DJHQ KDEHQ ZLU HLQHQ
NOHLQHQ*URRP0LWGHQEHLGHQ0lGFKHQELQLFK]LHPOLFK]XIULHGHQ
,FKZHL‰QLFKWREVLHJDQ]HKUOLFKVLQGDEHU*RWWVHL'DQNEUDXFKH


LFK MD QLFKW DXI MHGHQ 'UHLHU ]X VHKHQ .XU] HV LVW DOOHV ZLH HV
XQVHUHP1DPHQ]XNRPPW
1XQDEHUNRPPWHWZDVOLHEH0DPDGDV:LFKWLJVWHZHOFKHVLFK
PLU ELV ]XP 6FKOVVH DXIJHKREHQ 9RU HLQLJHU =HLW QlPOLFK IKOWH
LFK PLFK HLQ EL‰FKHQ VRQGHUEDU ZHL‰W 'X QLFKW JDQ] JHVXQG XQG
GRFKZLHGHUQRFKDQGHUVEHL*HOHJHQKHLWVDJWHLFKHVGHP'RNWRU
.ODD‰HQ 'DV LVW HLQ JDQ] NOHLQHU 0HQVFK PLW HLQHP JUR‰HQ .RSI
XQGHLQHPQRFKJU|‰HUHQJHVFKZHLIWHQ+XWGDUDXI,PPHUGUFNWHU
VHLQVSDQLVFKHV5RKUGDVDOV*ULIIHLQHUXQGH.QRFKHQSODWWHKDWDQ
VHLQHQ ODQJHQ .LQQEDUW GHU EHLQDKH KHOOJUQ LVW ZHLO HU LKQ ODQJH
-DKUH VFKZDU] JHIlUEW KDW 1XQ 'X KlWWHVW LKQ VHKHQ VROOHQ (U
DQWZRUWHWH JDU QLFKW UFNWH DQ VHLQHU %ULOOH ]ZLQNHUWH PLW VHLQHQ
URWHQ bXJOHLQ QLFNWH PLU PLW VHLQHU.DUWRIIHOQDVH ]X NLFKHUWH XQG
PXVWHUWH PLFK VR LPSHUWLQHQW GD‰ LFK QLFKW ZX‰WH ZR LFK EOHLEHQ
VROOWH 'DQQ XQWHUVXFKWH HU PLFK XQG VDJWH DOOHV ODVVH VLFK DXIV
SUlFKWLJVWH DQ QXU PVVH LFK 0LQHUDOZDVVHU WULQNHQ GHQQ LFK VHL
YLHOOHLFKW HLQ EL‰FKHQ EOHLFKVFKWLJ  2 0DPD YHUWUDXH HV GHP
JXWHQ 3DSD JDQ] YRUVLFKWLJ DQ GDPLW HU HV LQ GLH )DPLOLHQSDSLHUH
VFKUHLEW6REDOGDOVP|JOLFKK|UVW'X:HLWHUHV
*U‰H3DSD&KULVWLDQ&ODUD7KLOGDXQG,GD-XQJPDQQLQQLJYRQ
PLU$Q7KRPDVQDFK$PVWHUGDPKDEHLFKNU]OLFKJHVFKULHEHQ
'HLQHWUHXJHKRUVDPH7RFKWHU
$QWRQLH

'HQ$XJXVW0HLQOLHEHU7KRPDV
PLW 9HUJQJHQ KDEH LFK 'HLQH 0LWWHLOXQJHQ EHU 'HLQ
=XVDPPHQVHLQ PLW &KULVWLDQ LQ $PVWHUGDP HPSIDQJHQ HV P|JHQ
HLQLJH IU|KOLFKH 7DJH JHZHVHQ VHLQ ,FK KDEH EHU 'HLQHV %UXGHUV
:HLWHUUHLVH EHU 2VWHQGH QDFK (QJODQG QRFK NHLQH 1DFKULFKWHQ
KRIIH MHGRFK ]X *RWW GD‰ VLH JOFNOLFK YRQVWDWWHQ JHJDQJHQ VHLQ
ZLUG 0|FKWH HV GRFK QDFKGHP &KULVWLDQ VLFK HQWVFKORVVHQ GHQ
ZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKHQ%HUXIIDKUHQ]XODVVHQQRFKQLFKW]XVSlWIULKQ
VHLQ EHL VHLQHP 3ULQ]LSDOH 0U 5LFKDUGVRQ HWZDV 7FKWLJHV ]X
OHUQHQXQGP|FKWHVHLQHPHUNDQWLOH/DXIEDKQYRQ(UIROJXQG6HJHQ
EHJOHLWHW VHLQ 0U 5LFKDUGVRQ 7KUHDGQHHGOH 6WUHHW  LVW ZLH 'X
ZHL‰W HLQ QDKHU *HVFKlIWVIUHXQG PHLQHV +DXVHV ,FK VFKlW]H PLFK


JOFNOLFK PHLQH EHLGHQ 6|KQH LQ )LUPHQ XQWHUJHEUDFKW ]X KDEHQ
GLH PLU IUHXQGVFKDIWOLFKVW YHUEXQGHQ VLQG 'HQ 6HJHQ GDYRQ GDUIVW
'XMHW]WVFKRQYHUVSUHQ,FKHPSILQGHYROONRPPHQH *HQXJWXXQJ
GD‰ +HUU YDQ GHU .HOOHQ 'HLQ 6DODLU EHUHLWV LQ GLHVHP 9LHUWHOMDKU
HUK|KW KDW XQG 'LU ZHLWHUKLQ 1HEHQYHUGLHQVWH HLQUlXPHQ ZLUG LFK
ELQ EHU]HXJW GD‰ 'X GXUFK HLQ WFKWLJ )KUHQ 'LFK GLHVHV
(QWJHJHQNRPPHQVZUGLJJH]HLJWKDVWXQG]HLJHQZLUVW
%HL DOOHGHP VFKPHU]W HV PLFK GD‰ 'HLQH *HVXQGKHLW VLFK QLFKW
Y|OOLJ DXI GHU +|KH EHILQGHW :DV 'X PLU YRQ 1HUYRVLWlW
JHVFKULHEHQ JHPDKQWH PLFK DQ PHLQH HLJHQH -XJHQG DOV LFK LQ
$QWZHUSHQ DUEHLWHWH XQG YRQ GRUW QDFK (PV JHKHQ PX‰WH XP GLH
.XU ]X JHEUDXFKHQ :HQQ HWZDV bKQOLFKHV VLFK IU 'LFK DOV Q|WLJ
HUZHLVHQVROOWHPHLQ6RKQVRELQLFKYHUVWHKWVLFKEHUHLW'LUPLW
5DWXQG7DW]XU6HLWH]XVWHKHQZLHZRKOLFKIUXQVDQGHUHGHUDUWLJH
$XVJDEHQLQGLHVHQSROLWLVFKXQUXKLJHQ=HLWHQVFKHXH
,PPHUKLQ KDEHQ 'HLQH 0XWWHU XQG LFK XP GLH 0LWWH GHV -XQLXV
HLQH)DKUWQDFK+DPEXUJXQWHUQRPPHQXP'HLQH6FKZHVWHU7RQ\
]X EHVXFKHQ ,KU *DWWH KDWWH XQV QLFKW DXIJHIRUGHUW HPSILQJ XQV
MHGRFK PLW JUR‰HU +HU]OLFKNHLW XQG ZLGPHWH VLFK XQV ZlKUHQG GHU
]ZHL7DJHGLHZLUEHLLKPYHUEUDFKWHQVRYROOVWlQGLJGD‰HUVHLQ
*HVFKlIW YHUQDFKOlVVLJWH XQG PLU NDXP =HLW ]X HLQHU 9LVLWH LQ GHU
6WDGWEHL'XFKDPSVOLH‰$QWRQLHEHIDQGVLFKLPIQIWHQ0RQDWLKU
$U]W YHUVLFKHUWH GD‰ DOOHV LQ QRUPDOHU XQG HUIUHXOLFKHU :HLVH
YHUODXIHQZHUGH
1RFKP|FKWHLFKHLQHV%ULHIHVGHV+HUUQYDQGHU.HOOHQHUZlKQHQ
GHP LFK PLW )UHXGH HQWQDKP GD‰ 'X DXFK SULYDWLP LQ VHLQHP
)DPLOLHQNUHLVH HLQ JHUQ JHVHKHQHU *DVW ELVW 'X ELVW QXQ PHLQ
6RKQ LQ GHP $OWHU ZR 'X GLH )UFKWH GHU (U]LHKXQJ ]X HUQWHQ
EHJLQQVWGLH'HLQH(OWHUQ'LU]XWHLOZHUGHQOLH‰HQ(VP|JH'LUDOV
5DWVFKODJGLHQHQGD‰LFKLQ'HLQHP$OWHUVRZRKOLQ%HUJHQDOVLQ
$QWZHUSHQ HV PLU LPPHU DQJHOHJHQ VHLQ OLH‰ PLFK PHLQHQ
3ULQ]LSDOLQQHQ GLHQVWOLFK XQG DQJHQHKP ]X PDFKHQ ZDV PLU ]XP
K|FKVWHQ 9RUWHLO JHUHLFKW KDW $EJHVHKHQ VHOEVW YRQ GHU HKUHQGHQ
$QQHKPOLFKNHLW HLQHV QlKHUHQ 9HUNHKUV PLW GHU 9RUVWDQGVIDPLOLH
VFKDIIW PDQ VLFK LQ GHU 3ULQ]LSDOLQ HLQH I|UGHUQGH )UVSUHFKHULQ
ZHQQ GHU DOOHUGLQJV P|JOLFKVW ]X YHUPHLGHQGH QLFKWVGHVWRZHQLJHU
P|JOLFKH )DOO HLQWUHWHQ VROOWH GD‰ HLQ 9HUVHKHQ LP *HVFKlIW VLFK


HUHLJQHWH RGHU GLH =XIULHGHQKHLW GHV 3ULQ]LSDOV KLH RGHU GD ]X
ZQVFKHQEULJOLH‰H
:DV 'HLQH JHVFKlIWOLFKHQ =XNXQIWVSOlQH DQJHKW PHLQ 6RKQ VR
HUIUHXHQ VLH PLFK GXUFK GDV OHEKDIWH ,QWHUHVVH GDV VLFK LQ LKQHQ
DXVVSULFKW RKQH ]ZDU GD‰ LFK LKQHQ YROONRPPHQ EHL]XVWLPPHQ
YHUP|FKWH'XJHKVWYRQGHU$QVLFKWDXVGD‰GHU$EVDW]GHUMHQLJHQ
3URGXNWH ZHOFKH GLH 8PJHJHQG XQVHUHU 9DWHUVWDGW KHUYRUEULQJH
DOV*HWUHLGH5DSVVDDW+lXWHXQG)HOOH:ROOHgONXFKHQ.QRFKHQ
XVZGDVQDWUOLFKVWHQDFKKDOWLJVWH*HVFKlIW'HLQHU9DWHUVWDGWVHL
XQGGHQNVW'LFKQHEHQGHP.RPPLVVLRQVKDQGHOYRU]XJVZHLVHMHQHU
%UDQFKH ]X]XZHQGHQ ,FK KDEH PLFK ]X HLQHU =HLW DOV GLH
.RQNXUUHQ] LQ GLHVHP *HVFKlIWV]ZHLJ QRFK VHKU JHULQJ ZDU
ZlKUHQG VLH MHW]W HUKHEOLFK JHZDFKVHQ  JOHLFKIDOOV PLW GLHVHP
*HGDQNHQ EHVFKlIWLJW XQG VRZHLW 5DXP XQG *HOHJHQKHLW GD]X
YRUODJHQ DXFK HLQLJH ([SHULPHQWH JHPDFKW 0HLQH 5HLVH QDFK
(QJODQG KDWWH KDXSWVlFKOLFK GHQ =ZHFN DXFK LQ GLHVHP /DQGH
9HUELQGXQJHQ IU PHLQH 8QWHUQHKPXQJHQ QDFK]XVXFKHQ ,FK JLQJ
]X GLHVHP (QGH ELV 6FKRWWODQG KLQDXI XQG PDFKWH PDQFKH
QXW]EULQJHQGH %HNDQQWVFKDIWHQ HUNDQQWH DEHU DOVEDOG DXFK GHQ
JHIlKUOLFKHQ&KDUDNWHUZHOFKHQGLH([SRUWJHVFKlIWHGRUWKLQDQVLFK
WUXJHQ ZHVKDOE HLQH ZHLWHUH .XOWLYLHUXQJ GHUVHOEHQ LQ GHU )ROJH
DXFK XQWHUEOLHE ]XPDO LFK LPPHU GHV 0DKQZRUWHV HLQJHGHQN
JHZHVHQ ELQ ZHOFKHV XQVHU 9RUIDKU GHU *UQGHU GHU )LUPD XQV
KLQWHUODVVHQ ª0HLQ 6RKQ VH\ PLW /XVW EH\ GHQ *HVFKlIWHQ DP
7DJH DEHU PDFKH QXU VROFKH GD‰ ZLU EH\ 1DFKW UXKLJ VFKODIHQ
N|QQHQ©
'LHVHQ *UXQGVDW] JHGHQNH LFK KHLOLJ]XKDOWHQ ELV DQ PHLQ
/HEHQVHQGH REJOHLFK PDQ MD KLH XQG GD LQ =ZHLIHO JHUDWHQ NDQQ
DQJHVLFKWVYRQ/HXWHQGLHRKQHVROFKH 3ULQ]LSLHQ VFKHLQEDUEHVVHU
IDKUHQ ,FK GHQNH DQ ¾6WUXQFN  +DJHQVWU|UP GLH HPLQHQW LP
:DFKVHQ EHJULIIHQ VLQG ZlKUHQG XQVHUH $QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ HLQHQ
DOO]X UXKLJHQ *DQJ JHKHQ 'X ZHL‰W GD‰ GDV +DXV QDFK GHU
9HUNOHLQHUXQJ LQIROJH GHV 7RGHV 'HLQHV *UR‰YDWHUV QLFKW PHKU
JHZDFKVHQ LVW XQG LFK EHWH ]X *RWW GD‰ LFK 'LU GLH *HVFKlIWH
ZHQLJVWHQVLQGHPMHW]LJHQ=XVWDQGHZHUGHKLQWHUODVVHQN|QQHQ$Q
GHP 3URNXULVWHQ +HUUQ 0DUFXV KDEH LFK MD HLQHQ HUIDKUHQHQ XQG
EHGlFKWLJHQ +HOIHU :HQQ QXU GLH )DPLOLH 'HLQHU 0XWWHU LKUH


*URVFKHQ HLQ ZHQLJ EHVVHU EHLHLQDQGHUKDOWHQ ZROOWH GLH (UEVFKDIW
ZLUGIUXQVYRQJUR‰HU:LFKWLJNHLWVHLQ
,FK ELQ PLW JHVFKlIWOLFKHQ XQG VWlGWLVFKHQ $UEHLWHQ
DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK EHUKlXIW ,FK ELQ bOWHUPDQQ GHV %HUJHQIDKUHU
.ROOHJLXPV XQG KDW PDQ PLFK VXN]HVVLYH ]XP EUJHUOLFKHQ
'HSXWLHUWHQ IUV )LQDQ]GHSDUWHPHQW GDV .RPPHU]NROOHJLXP GLH
5HFKQXQJVUHYLVLRQVGHSXWDWLRQ XQG GDV 6W $QQHQ$UPHQKDXV
HUZlKOW
'HLQH 0XWWHU &ODUD XQG .ORWKLOGH JU‰HQ 'LFK KHU]OLFK $XFK
KDEHQ PLU PHKUHUH +HUUHQ GLH 6HQDWRUHQ 0|OOHQGRUSI XQG 'RNWRU
2HYHUGLHFN.RQVXO.LVWHQPDNHUGHU0DNOHU*|VFK&).RSSHQ
VRZLH LP .RQWRU +HUU 0DUFXV XQG GLH .DSLWlQH .ORRW XQG
.O|WHUPDQQ*U‰HDQ'LFKDXIJHWUDJHQ*RWWHV6HJHQPLW'LUPHLQ
6RKQ$UEHLWHEHWHXQGVSDUH
,QVRUJHQGHU/LHEH
'HLQ9DWHU

G2NWREHU/LHEHXQGKRFKYHUHKUWH(OWHUQ
8QWHUIHUWLJWHUVLHKWVLFKLQGHUDQJHQHKPHQ/DJH6LHYRQGHUYRU
HLQHU KDOEHQ 6WXQGH HUIROJWHQ JOFNOLFKHQ 1LHGHUNXQIW ,KUHU
7RFKWHUPHLQHULQQLJJHOLHEWHQ*DWWLQ$QWRQLH]XEHQDFKULFKWLJHQ
(VLVWQDFK*RWWHV:LOOHQHLQ0lGFKHQXQGLFKILQGHNHLQH:RUWH
]X VDJHQ ZLH IUHXGLJ EHZHJW LFK ELQ 'DV %HILQGHQ GHU WHXUHQ
:|FKQHULQVRZLHGHV.LQGHVLVWHLQDXVJH]HLFKQHWHVXQG]HLJWHVLFK
'RNWRU .ODD‰HQ Y|OOLJVW YRP 9HUODXIH GHU 6DFKH EHIULHGLJW $XFK
)UDX*UR‰JHRUJLVGLH+HEDPPHVDJWHVZlUHJDUQLFKWVJHZHVHQ
'LH (UUHJXQJ ]ZLQJW PLFK GLH )HGHU QLHGHU]XOHJHQ ,FK HPSIHKOH
PLFKGHQZUGLJVWHQ(OWHUQLQKRFKDFKWXQJVYROOHU=lUWOLFKNHLW
%*UQOLFK
:HQQHVHLQ-XQJHZlUHVRZ‰WHLFKHLQHQVHKUKEVFKHQ1DPHQ
-HW]WP|FKWHLFKVLH0HWDQHQQHQDEHU*ULVWIU(ULND


=ZHLWHV.DSLWHO

ª:DV IHKOW GLU %HWKV\"© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO DOV HU ]X 7LVFKH NDP
XQG GHQ 7HOOHU HUKRE PLW GHP PDQ VHLQH 6XSSH EHGHFNW KDWWH
ª)KOVWGXGLFKXQZRKO":DVKDVWGX"0LUVFKHLQWGXVLHKVWOHLGHQG
DXV"©
'HU UXQGH 7LVFK LQ GHP ZHLWOlXILJHQ 6SHLVHVDDO ZDU VHKU NOHLQ
JHZRUGHQ $X‰HU GHQ (OWHUQ VD‰HQ DOOWlJOLFK QXU 0DPVHOO
-XQJPDQQGLH]HKQMlKULJH&ODUDXQGGLHKDJHUHGHPWLJHXQGVWLOO
HVVHQGH.ORWKLOGHGDUDQ'HU.RQVXOEOLFNWHXPKHU«DOOH*HVLFKWHU
ZDUHQ ODQJ XQG NXPPHUYROO :DV ZDU JHVFKHKHQ" (U VHOEVW ZDU
QHUY|VXQGVRUJHQYROOGHQQGLH%|UVHZDUGLQ8QUXKHJHKDOWHQYRQ
GLHVHU YHU]ZLFNWHQ VFKOHVZLJKROVWHLQLVFKHQ $QJHOHJHQKHLW« 8QG
QRFK HLQH DQGHUH 8QUXKH ODJ LQ GHU /XIW 6SlWHU DOV $QWRQ
KLQDXVJHJDQJHQ ZDU XP GDV )OHLVFKJHULFKW ]X KROHQ HUIXKU GHU
.RQVXOZDVLP+DXVHYRUJHIDOOHQZDU7ULQDGLH.|FKLQ7ULQDHLQ
0lGFKHQ GDV ELVODQJ QXU7UHXHXQG %LHGHUVLQQ DQGHQ 7DJ JHOHJW
KDWWH ZDU SO|W]OLFK ]X XQYHUKOOWHU (PS|UXQJ EHUJHJDQJHQ =XP
JUR‰HQ 9HUGUXVVH GHU .RQVXOLQ XQWHUKLHOW VLH VHLW HLQLJHU =HLW HLQH
)UHXQGVFKDIW HLQH $UW YRQ JHLVWLJHP %QGQLV PLW HLQHP
6FKODFKWHUJHVHOOHQ XQG GLHVHU HZLJ EOXWLJH 0HQVFK PX‰WH GLH
(QWZLFNOXQJLKUHUSROLWLVFKHQ$QVLFKWHQLQGHUQDFKWHLOLJVWHQ:HLVH
EHHLQIOX‰W KDEHQ $OV GLH .RQVXOLQ LKU ZHJHQ HLQHU PL‰UDWHQHQ
6FKDORWWHQVDXFH HLQHQ9HUZHLV KDWWH ]XWHLO ZHUGHQODVVHQ KDWWH VLH
GLH QDFNWHQ $UPH LQ GLH +IWHQ JHVWHPPW XQG VLFK ZLH IROJW
JHlX‰HUW ª:DUWHQ 6LH PDQ EOR‰ )UX .RQVXOLQ GDW GXHUW QX QLFK
PHKUODQJGHQQNRPPW¶QHDQQHUH2UGQXQJLQGH6DDNGHQQVLWWLFN
GRDU XS¶P 6RID LQ¶ VLHGHQ .OHHG XQG 6HL EHGHLQHQ PLFK GHQQ«©
6HOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKZDULKUVRIRUWJHNQGLJWZRUGHQ
'HU .RQVXO VFKWWHOWH GHQ .RSI (U VHOEVW KDWWH LQ OHW]WHU =HLW
DOOHUKDQG %HVRUJQLVHUUHJHQGHV YHUVSUHQ PVVHQ )UHLOLFK GLH
lOWHUHQ7UlJHUXQG6SHLFKHUDUEHLWHUZDUHQELHGHUJHQXJVLFKQLFKWV
LQ GHQ .RSI VHW]HQ ]X ODVVHQ DEHU XQWHU GHQ MXQJHQ /HXWHQ KDWWH
GLHVHUXQGMHQHUGXUFKVHLQ%HQHKPHQ=HXJQLVGDYRQJHJHEHQGD‰
GHU QHXH *HLVW GHU (PS|UXQJ VLFK WFNLVFK (LQOD‰ ]X YHUVFKDIIHQ
JHZX‰WKDWWH«,P)UKMDKUKDWWHHLQ6WUD‰HQNUDZDOOVWDWWJHIXQGHQ
REJOHLFK HLQH QHXH 9HUIDVVXQJ GLH GHQ $QIRUGHUXQJHQ GHU QHXHQ


=HLW HQWVSUDFK EHUHLWV LP (QWZXUI YRUKDQGHQ ZDU ZHOFKHU HLQ
ZHQLJVSlWHUWURW]GHV:LGHUVSUXFKHV/HEUHFKW.U|JHUVXQGHLQLJHU
DQGHUHU VW|UULVFKHU DOWHU +HUUHQ GXUFK 6HQDWVGHNUHW ]XP
6WDDWVJUXQGJHVHW] HUKREHQ ZXUGH 9RONVYHUWUHWHU ZXUGHQ JHZlKOW
HLQH%UJHUVFKDIWWUDW]XVDPPHQ$EHUHVJDENHLQH5XKH'LH:HOW
ZDU JDQ] LQ 8QRUGQXQJ -HGHU ZROOWH GLH 9HUIDVVXQJ XQG GDV
:DKOUHFKW UHYLGLHUHQ XQG GLH %UJHU ]DQNWHQ VLFK ª6WlQGLVFKHV
3ULQ]LS© VDJWHQ GLH HLQHQ DXFK-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN GHU .RQVXO
VDJWH HV ª$OOJHPHLQHV :DKOUHFKW© VDJWHQ GLH DQGHUHQ DXFK
+LQULFK +DJHQVWU|P VDJWH HV 1RFK DQGHUH VFKULHQ ª$OOJHPHLQH
6WlQGHZDKO© XQG YLHOOHLFKW ZX‰WHQ VLH VRJDU ZDV GDUXQWHU ]X
YHUVWHKHQZDU'DQQVFKZLUUWHQQRFKVROFKH,GHHQLQGHU/XIWXPKHU
ZLH $XIKHEXQJ GHV 8QWHUVFKLHGHV ]ZLVFKHQ %UJHUQ XQG
(LQZRKQHUQ $XVGHKQXQJ GHU 0|JOLFKNHLW GDV %UJHUUHFKW ]X
HUODQJHQDXFKDXI1LFKWFKULVWHQ«.HLQ:XQGHUGD‰%XGGHQEURRNV
7ULQDDXI*HGDQNHQYHUILHOZLHGHQPLWGHP6RIDXQGGHPVHLGHQHQ
.OHLG $FK HV VROOWH QRFK lUJHU NRPPHQ 'LH 'LQJH GURKWHQ HLQH
IUFKWHUOLFKH:HQGXQJ]XQHKPHQ«
(VZDUHLQHUVWHU2NWREHUWDJGHV-DKUHVDFKWXQGYLHU]LJHLQEODXHU
+LPPHO PLW HLQLJHQ OHLFKWHQ VFKZHEHQGHQ :RONHQ GDUDQ
VLOEHUZHL‰GXUFKOHXFKWHWYRQHLQHU6RQQHGHUHQ.UDIWIUHLOLFKQLFKW
PHKU VR JUR‰ ZDU GD‰ QLFKW KLQWHU GHP KRKHQ EODQNHQ *LWWHU LP
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHUVFKRQGHU2IHQJHNQLVWHUWKlWWH
'LH NOHLQH &ODUD HLQ GXQNHOEORQGHV .LQG PLW ]LHPOLFK VWUHQJHQ
$XJHQVD‰PLWHLQHU6WULFNHUHLYRUP1lKWLVFKHDP)HQVWHUZlKUHQG
.ORWKLOGH DXI JOHLFKH :HLVH EHVFKlIWLJW GHQ 6RIDSODW] QHEHQ GHU
.RQVXOLQLQQHKDWWH2EJOHLFK.ORWKLOGH%XGGHQEURRNQLFKWYLHOlOWHU
ZDU DOV LKUH YHUKHLUDWHWH &RXVLQH DOVR HUVW HLQXQG]ZDQ]LJ -DKUH
]lKOWH EHJDQQ LKU ODQJHV *HVLFKW EHUHLWV VFKDUIH /LQLHQ ]X ]HLJHQ
XQGLKUJODWWJHVFKHLWHOWHV+DDUGDVQLHPDOVEORQGVRQGHUQYRQMHKHU
PDWWJUDX JHZHVHQ WUXJ GD]X EHL GD‰ GDV %LOG GHU DOWHQ -XQJIHU
VFKRQ IHUWLJ ZDU 6LH ZDU ]XIULHGHQ GDPLW VLH WDW QLFKWV XP GHP
DE]XKHOIHQ 9LHOOHLFKW ZDU HV LKU %HGUIQLV VFKQHOO DOW ]X ZHUGHQ
XPVFKQHOOEHUDOOH=ZHLIHOXQG+RIIQXQJHQKLQDXV]XJHODQJHQ'D
VLH NHLQHQ 6LOEHUJURVFKHQ EHVD‰ VR ZX‰WH VLH GD‰ QLHPDQG LQ GHU
ZHLWHQ:HOWVLFKILQGHQZUGHVLH]XKHLUDWHQXQGPLW'HPXWVDK
VLHLKUHU=XNXQIWHQWJHJHQGLHGDULQEHVWDQGLQLUJHQGHLQHUNOHLQHQ


6WXEH HLQH NOHLQH 5HQWH ]X YHU]HKUHQ GLH LKU PlFKWLJHU 2QNHO LKU
DXVGHU.DVVHLUJHQGHLQHUZRKOWlWLJHQ$QVWDOWIUDUPH0lGFKHQDXV
DQJHVHKHQHU)DPLOLHYHUVFKDIIHQZUGH
'LH .RQVXOLQ LKUHUVHLWV ZDU PLW GHU /HNWUH ]ZHLHU %ULHIH
EHVFKlIWLJW 7RQ\ HU]lKOWH YRQ GHP JOFNOLFKHQ *HGHLKHQ GHU
NOHLQHQ (ULND XQG &KULVWLDQ EHULFKWHWH HLIULJ YRQ GHP /RQGRQHU
/HEHQXQG7UHLEHQRKQHIUHLOLFKVHLQHU7lWLJNHLWEHL0U5LFKDUGVRQ
HLQJHKHQG ]X HUZlKQHQ« 'LH .RQVXOLQ GLH VLFK GHU 0LWWH GHU
9LHU]LJHU QlKHUWH EHNODJWH VLFK ELWWHUOLFK EHU GDV 6FKLFNVDO GHU
EORQGHQ )UDXHQ VR UDVFK ]X DOWHUQ 'HU ]DUWH 7HLQW GHU HLQHP
U|WOLFKHQ +DDU HQWVSULFKW ZLUG LQ GLHVHQ -DKUHQ WURW] DOOHU
(UIULVFKXQJVPLWWHO PDWW XQG GDV +DDU VHOEVW ZUGH XQHUELWWOLFK ]X
HUJUDXHQEHJLQQHQZHQQPDQQLFKW*RWWVHL'DQNGDV5H]HSWHLQHU
3DULVHU 7LQNWXU EHVl‰H GLH GDV IUV HUVWH YHUKWHWH 'LH .RQVXOLQ
ZDU HQWVFKORVVHQ QLHPDOV ZHL‰ ]X ZHUGHQ :HQQ GDV )lUEHPLWWHO
VLFKQLFKWPHKUDOVWDXJOLFKHUZLHVHVRZUGHVLHHLQH3HUFNHYRQ
GHU )DUEH LKUHV MXJHQGOLFKHQ +DDUHV WUDJHQ« $XI GHU +|KH LKUHU
QRFK LPPHU NXQVWYROOHQ &RLIIXUH ZDU HLQH NOHLQH YRQ ZHL‰HQ
6SLW]HQXPJHEHQHVHLGHQH6FKOHLIHDQJHEUDFKWGHU%HJLQQGLHHUVWH
$QGHXWXQJ HLQHU +DXEH ,KU VHLGHQHU .OHLGHUURFN XPJDE VLH ZHLW
XQGEDXVFKLJLKUHJORFNHQI|UPLJHQbUPHOZDUHQPLWVWHLIHP0XOO
XQWHUOHJW:LH VWHWV NOLUUWHQ HLQ SDDU JROGHQH 5HLIHQOHLVH DQ LKUHP
+DQGJHOHQN(VZDUGUHL8KUQDFKPLWWDJV
3O|W]OLFK ZXUGH 5XIHQ XQG 6FKUHLHQ HLQH $UW YRQ EHUPWLJHP
-RKOHQ 3IHLIHQ XQG GDV *HVWDPSI YLHOHU 6FKULWWH DXI GHU 6WUD‰H
YHUQHKPEDUHLQ/lUPGHUVLFKQlKHUWHXQGDQZXFKV«
ª0DPDZDVLVWGDV"© VDJWH &ODUD GLH GXUFKV )HQVWHU XQGLQ GHQ
¾6SLRQ½EOLFNWHª$OOGLH/HXWH«:DVKDEHQVLH":RUEHUIUHXHQVLH
VLFKVR"©
ª0HLQ*RWW©ULHIGLH.RQVXOLQLQGHPVLHGLH%ULHIHYRQVLFKZDUI
DQJVWYROODXIVSUDQJXQG]XP)HQVWHUHLOWHª6ROOWHHV«2PHLQ*RWW
MDGLH5HYROXWLRQ«(VLVWGDV9RON«©
'LH6DFKHZDUGLHGD‰ZlKUHQGGHVJDQ]HQ7DJHVEHUHLWV8QUXKHQ
LQGHU6WDGWJHKHUUVFKWKDWWHQ,QGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HZDUDP0RUJHQ
GLH 6FKDXIHQVWHUVFKHLEH GHV 7XFKKlQGOHUV %HQWKLHQ YHUPLWWHOVW


6WHLQZXUIHV]HUWUPPHUWZRUGHQZREHL*RWWDOOHLQZX‰WHZDVGDV
)HQVWHUGHV+HUUQ%HQWKLHQPLWGHUKRKHQ3ROLWLN]XVFKDIIHQKDWWH
ª$QWRQ"© ULHI GLH .RQVXOLQ PLW EHEHQGHU 6WLPPH LQ GHQ (‰VDDO
KLQEHU ZR GHU %HGLHQWH PLW GHP 6LOEHU]HXJ KDQWLHUWH« ª$QWRQ
JHK KLQXQWHU 6FKOLH‰H GLH +DXVWU 0DFK DOOHV ]X (V LVW GDV
9RON«©
ª-D)UDX.RQVXOLQ©VDJWH$QWRQª.DQQLFKGDVDXFKZDJHQ",FK
ELQ HLQ +HUUVFKDIWVNQHFKW« :HQQ VLH PHLQH /LYUHH ]X VHKHQ
NULHJHQ«©
ª'LHE|VHQ0HQVFKHQ©VDJWH.ORWKLOGHWUDXULJXQGJHGHKQWRKQH
LKUHU +DQGDUEHLW (LQKDOW ]X WXQ  ,Q GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN NDP GHU
.RQVXOGXUFKGLH6lXOHQKDOOHXQGWUDWGXUFKGLH*ODVWUHLQ(UWUXJ
VHLQHQ3DOHWRWEHUGHP$UPXQGGHQ+XWLQGHU+DQG
ª'XZLOOVWDXVJHKHQ-HDQ"©IUDJWHGLH.RQVXOLQHQWVHW]W«
ª-D/LHEHLFKPX‰LQGLH%UJHUVFKDIW«©
ª$EHUGDV9RON-HDQGLH5HYROXWLRQ«©
ª$FK OLHEHU *RWW GDV LVW QLFKW VR HUQVW %HWKV\« :LU VWHKHQ LQ
*RWWHV+DQG6LHVLQGVFKRQDP+DXVHYRUEHU,FKJHKHGXUFKGDV
+LQWHUKDXV«©
ª-HDQ ZHQQ GX PLFK OLHE KDVW« 'X ZLOOVW GLFK GLHVHU *HIDKU
DXVVHW]HQZLOOVWXQVKLHUDOOHLQODVVHQ«2KLFKlQJVWLJHPLFKLFK
lQJVWLJHPLFK©
ª/LHEVWHLFKELWWHGLFKGXHFKDXIILHUVWGLFKDXIHLQH:HLVH«GLH
/HXWH ZHUGHQ YRUP 5DWKDXV RGHU DXI GHP 0DUNW HLQ EL‰FKHQ
6SHNWDNHOQ« 9LHOOHLFKW ZLUG HV GHP 6WDDW QRFK HLQ SDDU
)HQVWHUVFKHLEHQNRVWHQGDVLVWDOOHV©
ª:RKLQZLOOVWGX-HDQ"©
ª,Q GLH %UJHUVFKDIW« ,FK NRPPH VFKRQ IDVW ]X VSlW GLH
*HVFKlIWHKDEHQPLFKDXIJHKDOWHQ(VZlUHHLQH6FKDQGHGDKHXWH
]X IHKOHQ 0HLQVW GX GD‰ GHLQ 9DWHU VLFK DEKDOWHQ Ol‰W" 6R DOW HU
LVW«©
ª-DGDQQJHKPLW*RWW-HDQ«$EHUVHLYRUVLFKWLJLFKELWWHGLFK
QLPPGLFKLQDFKW8QGKDEHHLQ$XJHDXIPHLQHQ9DWHU:HQQLKP
HWZDV]XVWLH‰H«©


ª8QEHVRUJWPHLQH/LHEH«©
ª:DQQNRPPVWGX]XUFN"©ULHIGLH.RQVXOLQLKPQDFK
ª-H QXQ XP KDOE IQI XP IQI 8KU« MH QDFKGHP (V VWHKW
:LFKWLJHVDXIGHU7DJHVRUGQXQJHVNRPPWGDUDXIDQ«©
ª$FK LFK lQJVWLJH PLFK LFK lQJVWLJH PLFK© ZLHGHUKROWH GLH
.RQVXOLQLQGHPVLHPLWUDWORVHQ6HLWHQEOLFNHQVLFKLP=LPPHUDXI
XQGQLHGHUEHZHJWH

'ULWWHV.DSLWHO

.RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN GXUFKVFKULWW HLOLJ VHLQ ZHLWOlXILJHV


*UXQGVWFN$OVHULQGLH%HFNHUJUXEHKLQDXVWUDWYHUQDKPHUKLQWHU
VLFK6FKULWWHXQGHUEOLFNWHGHQ0DNOHU*|VFKZHOFKHUPDOHULVFKLQ
VHLQHQ ODQJHQ 0DQWHO JHKOOW JOHLFKIDOOV GLH VFKUlJH 6WUD‰H KLQDXI
]XU 6LW]XQJ VWUHEWH :lKUHQG HU PLW GHU HLQHQ VHLQHU ODQJHQ XQG
PDJHUHQ +lQGH GHQ -HVXLWHQKXW OIWHWH XQG PLW GHU DQGHUHQ HLQH
JODWWH *HElUGH GHU 'HPXW YROOIKUWH VSUDFK HU PLW JHSUH‰WHU XQG
YHUELVVHQHU6WLPPHª+HUU.RQVXO«LFKJU‰H6LH©
'LHVHU0DNOHU6LJLVPXQG*|VFKHLQ-XQJJHVHOOHYRQHWZDYLHU]LJ
-DKUHQ ZDU WURW] VHLQHV *HEDUHQV GHU HKUOLFKVWH XQG JXWPWLJVWH
0HQVFK YRQ GHU :HOW QXU ZDU HU HLQ 6FK|QJHLVW HLQ RULJLQHOOHU
.RSI 6HLQ JODWWUDVLHUWHV *HVLFKW ]HLFKQHWH VLFK DXV GXUFK HLQH
JHERJHQH1DVHHLQVSLW]KHUYRUVSULQJHQGHV.LQQVFKDUIH=JHXQG
HLQHQ EUHLWHQDEZlUWV JH]RJHQHQ 0XQGGHVVHQ VFKPDOH /LSSHQ HU
LQ YHUVFKORVVHQHU XQG E|VDUWLJHU :HLVH ]XVDPPHQSUH‰WH (V ZDU
VHLQ%HVWUHEHQXQGHVJHODQJLKPQLFKWEHOHLQZLOGHVVFK|QHV
XQG WHXIOLVFKHV ,QWULJDQWHQKDXSW ]XU 6FKDX ]X VWHOOHQ HLQH E|VH
KlPLVFKH LQWHUHVVDQWH XQG IXUFKWJHELHWHQGH &KDUDNWHUILJXU
]ZLVFKHQ0HSKLVWRSKHOHVXQG1DSROHRQ«6HLQHUJUDXWHV+DDUZDU
WLHIXQGGVWHULQGLH6WLUQJHVWULFKHQ(UEHGDXHUWHDXIULFKWLJQLFKW
EXFNOLJ]XVHLQ
(UZDUHLQHIUHPGDUWLJHXQGOLHEHQVZUGLJH(UVFKHLQXQJXQWHUGHQ
%HZRKQHUQ GHU DOWHQ +DQGHOVVWDGW (U JHK|UWH ]X LKQHQ ZHLO HU LQ


DOOHU%UJHUOLFKNHLWHLQNOHLQHVVROLGHVXQGLQVHLQHU%HVFKHLGHQKHLW
JHDFKWHWHV 9HUPLWWOXQJVJHVFKlIW EHWULHE LQ VHLQHP HQJHQ GXQNOHQ
.RQWRUDEHUVWDQGHLQJUR‰HU%FKHUVFKUDQNGHUPLW'LFKWZHUNHQLQ
DOOHQ 6SUDFKHQ JHIOOW ZDU XQG HV JLQJ GDV *HUFKW GD‰ HU VHLW
VHLQHP]ZDQ]LJVWHQ-DKUHDQHLQHUhEHUVHW]XQJYRQ/RSHGH9HJD¶V
VlPWOLFKHQ 'UDPHQ DUEHLWH« (LQPDO MHGRFK KDWWH HU EHL HLQHU
/LHEKDEHUDXIIKUXQJ YRQ 6FKLOOHUV ¾'RQ &DUORV½ GHQ 'RPLQJR
JHVSLHOW'LHVZDUGHU+|KHSXQNWVHLQHV/HEHQV
1LHPDOVZDUHLQXQHGOHV:RUWEHUVHLQH/LSSHQJHNRPPHQXQG
VHOEVW LQ JHVFKlIWOLFKHQ *HVSUlFKHQ EUDFKWH HU GLH EOLFKHQ
5HGHZHQGXQJHQ QXU ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ =lKQHQ XQG PLW HLQHP
0LHQHQVSLHOH KHUYRU DOV ZROOWH HU VDJHQ ¾6FKXUNH KD LP *UDE
YHUIOXFK¶LFKGHLQH$KQHQ½(UZDULQPDQFKHU%H]LHKXQJGHU(UEH
XQG 1DFKIROJHU GHV VHOLJHQ -HDQ -DFTXHV +RIIVWHGH QXU GD‰ VHLQ
:HVHQ GVWHUHU XQG SDWKHWLVFKHU ZDU XQG GD‰ LKP QLFKWV YRQ GHU
VFKHU]KDIWHQ +HLWHUNHLW HLJQHWH GLH GHU )UHXQG GHV lOWHUHQ -RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRNDXVGHPYRULJHQ-DKUKXQGHUWKHUEHUJHUHWWHWKDWWH
(LQHV 7DJHV YHUORU HU DQ GHU %|UVH PLW HLQHP 6FKODJH VHFKV XQG
HLQHQ KDOEHQ .XUDQWWDOHU DQ ]ZHL RGHU GUHL 3DSLHUHQ GLH HU
VSHNXODWLYHUZHLVHJHNDXIWKDWWH'DUL‰VHLQGUDPDWLVFKHV(PSILQGHQ
LKQPLWVLFKIRUWXQGHUJDEHLQH9RUVWHOOXQJ(UOLH‰VLFKDXIHLQHU
%DQNQLHGHULQHLQHU+DOWXQJDOVKDEHHUGLH6FKODFKWEHL:DWHUORR
YHUORUHQSUH‰WHHLQHJHEDOOWH)DXVWJHJHQGLH6WLUQXQGZLHGHUKROWH
PHKUHUH 0DOH PLW HLQHP JRWWHVOlVWHUOLFKHQ $XJHQDXIVFKODJ ª+D
YHUIOXFKW©'DGLHNOHLQHQUXKLJHQVLFKHUHQ*HZLQVWHGLHHUEHLP
9HUNDXIH GLHVHV RGHU MHQHV *UXQGVWFNHV HLQVWULFK LKQ LP *UXQGH
ODQJZHLOWHQVRZDUGLHVHU9HUOXVWGLHVHUWUDJLVFKH6FKODJPLWGHP
GHU+LPPHOLKQGHQ,QWULJDQWHQJHWURIIHQHLQ*HQX‰HLQ*OFNIU
LKQ DQ GHP HU ZRFKHQODQJ ]HKUWH $XI GLH $QUHGH ª,FK K|UH 6LH
KDEHQ8QJOFNJHKDEW+HUU*|VFK"'DVWXWPLUOHLG«©SIOHJWHHU
]X DQWZRUWHQ ª2K PHLQ ZHUWHU )UHXQG 8RPR QRQ HGXFDWR GDO
GRORUH ULPDQ VHPSUH EDPELQR© %HJUHLIOLFKHUZHLVH YHUVWDQG GDV
QLHPDQG :DU HV YRQ /RSH GH 9HJD" )HVW VWDQG GD‰ GLHVHU
6LJLVPXQG*|VFKHLQJHOHKUWHUXQGPHUNZUGLJHU0HQVFKZDU
ª:HOFKH =HLWHQ LQ GHQHQ ZLU OHEHQ© VDJWH HU ]X .RQVXO
%XGGHQEURRN ZlKUHQG HU LQ JHEFNWHU +DOWXQJ DXI VHLQHQ 6WRFN


JHVWW]W QHEHQ LKP GLH 6WUD‰H KLQDXIVFKULWW ª=HLWHQ GHV 6WXUPHV
XQGGHU%HZHJXQJ©
ª'D KDEHQ 6LH UHFKW© HUZLGHUWH GHU .RQVXO 'LH =HLWHQ VHLHQ
EHZHJW 0DQ GUIH DXI GLH KHXWLJH 6LW]XQJ JHVSDQQW VHLQ 'DV
VWlQGLVFKH3ULQ]LS«
ª1HLQK|UHQ6LH©IXKU+HUU*|VFK]XVSUHFKHQIRUWª,FKELQGHQ
JDQ]HQ7DJXQWHUZHJVJHZHVHQLFKKDEHGHQ3|EHOEHREDFKWHW(V
ZDUHQKHUUOLFKH%XUVFKHGDUXQWHUGDV$XJHIODPPHQGYRQ+D‰XQG
%HJHLVWHUXQJ«©
-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNILQJDQ]XODFKHQª6LHVLQGPLUGHU5HFKWH
PHLQ)UHXQG6LHVFKHLQHQ*HIDOOHQGDUDQ]XILQGHQ"1HLQHUODXEHQ
6LH PLU« HLQH .LQGHUHL GDV DOOHV :DV ZROOHQ GLHVH 0HQVFKHQ"
(LQH $Q]DKO XQJH]RJHQHU MXQJHU /HXWH GLH GLH *HOHJHQKHLW
EHQW]HQHLQEL‰FKHQ6SHNWDNHO]XPDFKHQ«©
ª*HZL‰ $OOHLQ PDQ NDQQ QLFKW OHXJQHQ« ,FK ZDU GDEHL DOV
6FKODFKWHUJHVHOOH %HUNHPH\HU +HUUQ %HQWKLHQV )HQVWHUVFKHLEH
]HUZDUI« (U ZDU ZLH HLQ 3DQWKHU© 'DV OHW]WH :RUW VSUDFK +HUU
*|VFK PLW EHVRQGHUV IHVW ]XVDPPHQJHELVVHQHQ =lKQHQ XQG IXKU
GDQQIRUWª2KPDQNDQQQLFKWOHXJQHQGD‰GLH6DFKHLKUHHUKDEHQH
6HLWHEHVLW]W(VLVWHQGOLFKHLQPDOHWZDVDQGHUHVZLVVHQ6LHHWZDV
8QDOOWlJOLFKHV *HZDOWWlWLJHV 6WXUP :LOGKHLW« HLQ *HZLWWHU«
$FKGDV9RONLVWXQZLVVHQGLFKZHL‰HV-HGRFKPHLQ+HU]GLHVHV
PHLQ+HU]HVLVWPLWLKP«©6LHZDUHQVFKRQYRUGDVHLQIDFKHPLW
JHOEHUgOIDUEHJHVWULFKHQH+DXVJHODQJWLQGHVVHQ(UGJHVFKR‰VLFK
GHU6LW]XQJVVDDOGHU%UJHUVFKDIWEHIDQG
'LHVHU 6DDO JHK|UWH ]X GHU %LHU XQG 7DQ]ZLUWVFKDIW HLQHU :LWZH
QDPHQV6XHUNULQJHOVWDQGDEHUDQJHZLVVHQ7DJHQGHQ+HUUHQYRQ
GHU ¾%UJHUVFKDIW½ ]XU 9HUIJXQJ 9RQ HLQHP VFKPDOHQ
JHSIODVWHUWHQ .RUULGRU DXV DQ GHVVHQ UHFKWHU 6HLWH VLFK
5HVWDXUDWLRQVORNDOLWlWHQ EHIDQGHQ XQG DXI GHP HV QDFK %LHU XQG
6SHLVHQURFKWUDWPDQOLQNHU+DQGGXUFKHLQHDXVJUQJHVWULFKHQHQ
%UHWWHUQ JHIHUWLJWH 7U GLH ZHGHU *ULII QRFK 6FKOR‰ EHVD‰ XQG VR
VFKPDO XQG QLHGULJ ZDU GD‰ QLHPDQG KLQWHU LKU HLQHQ VR JUR‰HQ
5DXP YHUPXWHW KlWWH 'HU 6DDO ZDU NDOW NDKO VFKHXQHQDUWLJ PLW
JHZHL‰WHU 'HFNH DQ GHU GLH %DONHQ KHUYRUWUDWHQ XQG JHZHL‰WHQ
:lQGHQ VHLQH GUHL ]LHPOLFK KRKHQ )HQVWHU KDWWHQ JUQJHPDOWH


.UHX]H XQG ZDUHQ RKQH *DUGLQHQ ,KQHQ JHJHQEHU HUKREHQ VLFK
DPSKLWKHDWUDOLVFKDXIVWHLJHQGGLH6LW]UHLKHQDQGHUHQ)X‰HLQJUQ
JHGHFNWHU PLW HLQHU JUR‰HQ *ORFNH $NWHQVWFNHQ XQG
6FKUHLEXWHQVLOLHQ JHVFKPFNWHU 7LVFK IU GHQ :RUWIKUHU GHQ
3URWRNROOIKUHU XQG GLH DQZHVHQGHQ 6HQDWVNRPPLVVDUH EHVWLPPW
ZDU $Q GHU :DQG GLH GHQ 7UHQ JHJHQEHUODJ ZDUHQ PHKUHUH
KRKH*DUGHUREHKDOWHUPLW0lQWHOQXQG+WHQEHGHFNW
6WLPPHQJHZLUU VFKOXJ GHP .RQVXO XQG VHLQHP %HJOHLWHU
HQWJHJHQ DOV VLH KLQWHUHLQDQGHU GXUFK GLH VFKPDOH 7U GHQ 6DDO
EHWUDWHQ 6LH ZDUHQ HUVLFKWOLFK GLHOHW]WHQ GLHDQNDPHQ 'HU 5DXP
ZDUJHIOOWPLW%UJHUQZHOFKHGLH+lQGHLQGHQ+RVHQWDVFKHQDXI
GHP 5FNHQ LQ GHU /XIW LQ *UXSSHQ EHLHLQDQGHUVWDQGHQ XQG
GLVSXWLHUWHQ9RQGHQKXQGHUW]ZDQ]LJ0LWJOLHGHUQGHU.|USHUVFKDIW
ZDUHQ VLFKHUOLFK KXQGHUW YHUVDPPHOW (LQH $Q]DKO YRQ
$EJHRUGQHWHQ GHU /DQGEH]LUNH KDWWH HV XQWHU GHQ REZDOWHQGHQ
8PVWlQGHQYRUJH]RJHQ]X+DXVH]XEOHLEHQ
'HP (LQJDQJ ]XQlFKVW VWDQG HLQH *UXSSH GLH DXV NOHLQHUHQ
/HXWHQDXV]ZHLRGHUGUHLXQEHGHXWHQGHQ*HVFKlIWVLQKDEHUQHLQHP
*\PQDVLDOOHKUHUGHP¾:DLVHQYDWHU½+HUUQ0LQGHUPDQQXQG+HUUQ
:HQ]HO GHP EHOLHEWHQ %DUELHU EHVWDQG +HUU :HQ]HO HLQ NOHLQHU
NUlIWLJHU 0DQQ PLW VFKZDU]HP 6FKQXUUEDUW LQWHOOLJHQWHP *HVLFKW
XQGURWHQ+lQGHQKDWWHGHQ.RQVXOQRFKKHXWHPRUJHQUDVLHUWKLHU
MHGRFK ZDU HU LKP JOHLFKJHVWHOOW (U UDVLHUWH QXU LQ GHQ HUVWHQ
.UHLVHQHUUDVLHUWHIDVWDXVVFKOLH‰OLFKGLH0|OOHQGRUSIV/DQJKDOV¶
%XGGHQEURRNV XQG 2HYHUGLHFNV XQG VHLQHU $OOZLVVHQKHLW LQ
VWlGWLVFKHQ'LQJHQVHLQHU8PJlQJOLFKNHLWXQG*HZDQGWKHLWVHLQHP
EHL DOOHU 8QWHURUGQXQJ PHUNOLFKHQ 6HOEVWEHZX‰WVHLQ YHUGDQNWH HU
VHLQH:DKOLQGLH%UJHUVFKDIW
ª:LVVHQ+HUU.RQVXOGDV1HXHVWH"©ULHIHUHLIULJXQGPLWHUQVWHQ
$XJHQVHLQHP*|QQHUHQWJHJHQ«
ª:DVVROOLFKZLVVHQPHLQOLHEHU:HQ]HO"©
ª0DQ NRQQWH HV KHXWH PRUJHQ QRFK QLFKW HUIDKUHQ KDEHQ« +HUU
.RQVXOHQWVFKXOGLJHQHVLVWGDV1HXHVWH'DV9RON]LHKWQLFKW YRU
GDV 5DWKDXV RGHU DXI GHQ 0DUNW (V NRPPW KLHUKHU XQG ZLOO GLH
%UJHUVFKDIWEHGURKHQ5HGDNWHXU5EVDPKDWHVDXIJHZLHJHOW«©


ª(L QLFKW P|JOLFK© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO (U GUlQJWH VLFK ]ZLVFKHQ
GHQ YRUGHUHQ *UXSSHQ KLQGXUFK QDFK GHU 0LWWH GHV 6DDOHV ZR HU
VHLQHQ 6FKZLHJHUYDWHU ]XVDPPHQ PLW GHQ DQZHVHQGHQ 6HQDWRUHQ
'RNWRU /DQJKDOV XQG -DPHV 0|OOHQGRUSI HUEOLFNWH ª,VW HV GHQQ
ZDKU PHLQH +HUUHQ"© IUDJWH HU LQGHP HU LKQHQ GLH +lQGH
VFKWWHOWH«
,Q GHU 7DW GLH JDQ]H 9HUVDPPOXQJ ZDU YROO GDYRQ GLH
7XPXOWXDQWHQ]RJHQKLHUKHUVLHZDUHQVFKRQ]XK|UHQ«
ª'LH&DQDLOOH©VDJWH/HEUHFKW.U|JHUNDOWXQGYHUlFKWOLFK(UZDU
LQVHLQHU(TXLSDJHKLHUKHUJHNRPPHQ'LHKRKHGLVWLQJXLHUWH*HVWDOW
GHV HKHPDOLJHQ i OD PRGH.DYDOLHUV EHJDQQ XQWHU JHZ|KQOLFKHQ
8PVWlQGHQ YRQ GHU /DVW VHLQHU DFKW]LJ -DKUH JHEHXJW ]X ZHUGHQ
KHXWHDEHUVWDQGHUJDQ]DXIUHFKWPLWKDOEJHVFKORVVHQHQ$XJHQGLH
0XQGZLQNHO EHU GHQHQ GLH NXU]HQ 6SLW]HQ VHLQHV ZHL‰HQ
6FKQXUUEDUWHVVHQNUHFKWHPSRUVWDUUWHQYRUQHKPXQGJHULQJVFKlW]LJ
JHVHQNW $Q VHLQHU VFKZDU]HQ 6DPPHWZHVWH EOLW]WHQ ]ZHL 5HLKHQ
YRQ(GHOVWHLQNQ|SIHQ«
8QZHLW GLHVHU *UXSSH JHZDKUWH PDQ +LQULFK +DJHQVWU|P HLQHQ
XQWHUVHW]WHQ EHOHLEWHQ +HUUQ PLW U|WOLFKHP HUJUDXWHP %DFNHQEDUW
HLQHU GLFNHQ 8KUNHWWH DXI GHU EODXNDULHUWHQ :HVWH XQG RIIHQHP
/HLEURFN (U VWDQG ]XVDPPHQ PLW VHLQHP .RPSDJQRQ +HUUQ
6WUXQFNXQGJU‰WHGHQ.RQVXOGXUFKDXVQLFKW
:HLWHUKLQ KDWWH GHU 7XFKKlQGOHU %HQWKLHQ HLQ ZRKOKDEHQG
DXVVHKHQGHU 0DQQ HLQH JUR‰H $Q]DKO DQGHUHU +HUUHQ XP VLFK
YHUVDPPHOW GHQHQ HU KDDUNOHLQ HU]lKOWH ZLH HV VLFK PLW VHLQHU
)HQVWHUVFKHLEH EHJHEHQ KDEH« ª(LQ =LHJHOVWHLQ HLQ KDOEHU
=LHJHOVWHLQ PHLQH +HUUHQ .UDFK« KLQGXUFK XQG GDQQ DXI HLQH
5ROOHJUQHQ5LSV«'DV3DFN«1XQHVLVW6DFKHGHV6WDDWHV«©
,QLUJHQGHLQHP:LQNHOYHUQDKPPDQXQDXIK|UOLFKGLH6WLPPHGHV
+HUUQ6WXKWDXVGHU*ORFNHQJLH‰HUVWUD‰HZHOFKHUHLQHQVFKZDU]HQ
5RFN EHU GHP ZROOHQHQ +HPG VLFK DQ GHU $XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJ
EHWHLOLJWHLQGHPHUPLWHQWUVWHWHU%HWRQXQJEHVWlQGLJZLHGHUKROWH
ª8QHUK|UWH,QIDPLH©hEULJHQVVDJWHHUª,QIDPMH©
-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNJLQJXPKHUXPKLHUVHLQHQDOWHQ)UHXQG&
).RSSHQGRUWGHQ.RQNXUUHQWHQ GHVVHOEHQ.RQVXO.LVWHQPDNHU
]X EHJU‰HQ (U GUFNWH GHP 'RNWRU *UDERZ GLH +DQG XQG


ZHFKVHOWH HLQ SDDU :RUWH PLW GHP %UDQGGLUHNWRU *LHVHNH GHP
%DXPHLVWHU9RLJWGHP:RUWIKUHU'RNWRU/DQJKDOVHLQHP%UXGHU
GHV6HQDWRUVPLW.DXIOHXWHQ/HKUHUQXQG$GYRNDWHQ«
'LH6LW]XQJZDUQLFKWHU|IIQHWDEHUGLH'HEDWWHZDUlX‰HUVWUHJH
$OOH +HUUHQ YHUIOXFKWHQ GLHVHQ 6NULELID[ GLHVHQ 5HGDNWHXU GLHVHQ
5EVDP YRQ GHP PDQ ZX‰WH GD‰ HU GLH 0HQJH DXIJHZLHJHOW
KDEH« XQG ]ZDU ZR]X" 0DQ ZDU KLHU XP IHVW]XVWHOOHQ RE GDV
VWlQGLVFKH 3ULQ]LS LQ GHU 9RONVYHUWUHWXQJ EHL]XEHKDOWHQ RGHU GDV
DOOJHPHLQH XQG JOHLFKH :DKOUHFKW HLQ]XIKUHQ VHL 'HU 6HQDW KDWWH
EHUHLWVGDVOHW]WHUHEHDQWUDJW:DVDEHUZROOWHGDV9RON"(V ZROOWH
GHQ +HUUHQDQ GHQ .UDJHQ GDV ZDU DOOHV (V ZDU ]XP 7HXIHO GLH
IDXOVWH /DJH LQ GHU VLFK GLH +HUUHQ MHPDOV EHIXQGHQ KDWWHQ 0DQ
XPULQJWHGLH6HQDWVNRPPLVVDUHXPLKUH0HLQXQJ]XHUIDKUHQ0DQ
XPULQJWH DXFK .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN GHU ZLVVHQ PX‰WH ZLH
%UJHUPHLVWHU2HYHUGLHFNVLFK]XGHU6DFKHYHUKLHOWGHQQVHLWGHP
LPYRULJHQ-DKUH6HQDWRU'RNWRU2HYHUGLHFNHLQ6FKZDJHU.RQVXO
-XVWXV.U|JHUV6HQDWVSUlVLGHQWJHZRUGHQZDUZDUHQ%XGGHQEURRNV
PLW GHLQ %UJHUPHLVWHU YHUZDQGW ZDV VLH LQ GHU |IIHQWOLFKHQ
$FKWXQJEHWUlFKWOLFKKDWWHVWHLJHQODVVHQ«
3O|W]OLFK VFKZROO GUDX‰HQ GDV *HW|VH DQ« 'LH 5HYROXWLRQ ZDU
XQWHUGHQ)HQVWHUQGHV6LW]XQJVVDDOHVDQJHODQJW0LWHLQHP6FKODJH
YHUVWXPPWHQ GLH HUUHJWHQ 0HLQXQJVlX‰HUXQJHQ KLHU GULQQHQ 0DQ
IDOWHWH VWXPP YRU (QWVHW]HQ GLH +lQGH DXI GHP %DXFK XQG VDK
HLQDQGHU LQV *HVLFKW RGHU DXI GLH )HQVWHU KLQWHUGHQHQ VLFK )lXVWH
HUKREHQXQGHLQDXVJHODVVHQHVXQVLQQLJHVXQGEHWlXEHQGHV+RXQG
+|*HKHXOGLH/XIWHUIOOWH'DQQMHGRFKJDQ]EHUUDVFKHQGDOVRE
GLH $XIVWlQGLVFKHQ VHOEVW EHU LKU %HWUDJHQ HUVFKURFNHQ JHZHVHQ
ZlUHQZDUGHVGUDX‰HQHEHQVRVWLOOZLHLP6DDOHXQGLQGHUWLHIHQ
/DXWORVLJNHLW GLH VLFK EHU GDV *DQ]H OHJWH ZDUG OHGLJOLFK LQ GHU
*HJHQG GHU XQWHUVWHQ 6LW]UHLKHQ ZR /HEUHFKW .U|JHU VLFK
QLHGHUJHODVVHQ KDWWH HLQ :RUW YHUQHKPEDU GDV NDOW ODQJVDP XQG
QDFKGUFNOLFKVLFKGHP6FKZHLJHQHQWUDQJª'LH&DQDLOOH©
*OHLFK GDUDXI WDW LQ LUJHQGHLQHP :LQNHO HLQ GXPSIHV XQG
HQWUVWHWHV2UJDQGHQ$XVVSUXFKª8QHUK|UWH,QIDPMH©
8QG GDQQ IODWWHUWH SO|W]OLFK GLH HLOLJH ]LWWHUQGH XQG
JHKHLPQLVYROOH 6WLPPH GHV 7XFKKlQGOHUV %HQWKLHQ EHU GLH
9HUVDPPOXQJ KLQ« ª0HLQH +HUUHQ« PHLQH +HUUHQ« K|UHQ 6LH


DXIPLFK«,FKNHQQHGDV+DXV«:HQQPDQDXIGHQ%RGHQVWHLJW
VR JLEW HV GD HLQH 'DFKOXNH« ,FK KDEH VFKRQ DOV -XQJH .DW]HQ
GDGXUFKJHVFKRVVHQ«0DQNDQQJDQ]JXWDXIV1DFKEDUGDFKNOHWWHUQ
XQGVLFKLQ6LFKHUKHLWEULQJHQ«©
ª1LFKWVZUGLJH)HLJKHLW©]LVFKWHGHU0DNOHU*|VFK]ZLVFKHQGHQ
=lKQHQ (U OHKQWH PLW YHUVFKUlQNWHQ $UPHQ DP :RUWIKUHUWLVFKH
XQG VWDUUWH JHVHQNWHQ +DXSWHV PLW HLQHP JUDXHQHUUHJHQGHQ %OLFN
]XGHQ)HQVWHUQKLQEHU
ª)HLJKHLW +HUU" :LHVR" *RWWHVGXQQHU« 'LH /HXWH ZHUIHQ PLW
=LHJHOVWHLQHQ,FNKHZZGDQX¶QDXJYRQ«©
,Q GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN ZXFKV GUDX‰HQ GHU /lUP YRQ QHXHP DQ
DEHU RKQH VLFK ZLHGHU ]X GHU DQIlQJOLFK VWUPLVFKHQ +|KH ]X
HUKHEHQW|QWHHVQXQUXKLJXQGXQXQWHUEURFKHQIRUWHLQJHGXOGLJHV
VLQJHQGHV XQG EHLQDKH YHUJQJW NOLQJHQGHV *HVXPPH LQ ZHOFKHP
PDQ KLH XQG GD 3ILIIH VRZLH HLQ]HOQH $XVUXIH ZLH ª3ULQ]LS© XQG
ª%UJHUUHFKW© XQWHUVFKLHG« 'LH %UJHUVFKDIW ODXVFKWH PLW
$QGDFKW
ª0HLQH +HUUHQ© VSUDFK QDFK HLQHU :HLOH GHU :RUWIKUHU +HUU
'RNWRU /DQJKDOV PLW JHGlPSIWHU 6WLPPH EHU GLH 9HUVDPPOXQJ
KLQª,FKKRIIHPLFKPLW,KQHQLP(LQYHUVWlQGQLV]XEHILQGHQZHQQ
LFKQXQPHKUGLH6LW]XQJHU|IIQH«"©
'DV ZDU HLQ XQPD‰JHEOLFKHU 9RUVFKODJ GHP DEHU ZHLW XQG EUHLW
QLFKWGLHJHULQJVWH8QWHUVWW]XQJ]XWHLOZXUGHª'DEQLFNQLFKIU
WDX KDEHQ© VDJWH MHPDQG PLW HLQHU ELHGHUHQ (QWVFKORVVHQKHLW GLH
NHLQHQ (LQZDQG JHVWDWWHWH (V ZDU HLQ ElXHUOLFKHU 0DQQ QDPHQV
3IDKO DXV GHP 5LW]HUDXHU /DQGEH]LUN GHU 'HSXWLHUWH IU GDV 'RUI
.OHLQ6FKUHWVWDNHQ 1LHPDQG HULQQHUWH VLFK VHLQH 6WLPPH VFKRQ
HLQPDO LQ GHQ 9HUKDQGOXQJHQ YHUQRPPHQ ]X KDEHQ DOOHLQ LQ GHU
JHJHQZlUWLJHQ/DJHILHOGLH0HLQXQJDXFKGHVVFKOLFKWHVWHQ.RSIHV
VFKZHULQV*HZLFKW«8QHUVFKURFNHQXQGPLWVLFKHUHPSROLWLVFKHQ
,QVWLQNWKDWWH+HUU3IDKOGHU$QVFKDXXQJGHUJHVDPWHQ%UJHUVFKDIW
$XVGUXFNYHUOLHKHQ
ª*RWWVROOXQVEHZDKUHQ©VDJWH+HUU%HQWKLHQHQWUVWHWª'DREHQ
DXI GHQ 6LW]HQ NDQQ PDQ YRQ GHU 6WUD‰H DXV JHVHKHQ ZHUGHQ 'LH
/HXWHZHUIHQPLW=LHJHOVWHLQHQ1HH*RWWHVGXQQHULFNKHZZGDQX
¶QDXJYRQ«©


ª'D‰ DXFK GLH YHUIOXFKWH 7U VR HQJ LVW© VWLH‰ GHU :HLQKlQGOHU
.RSSHQYHU]ZHLIHOWKHUYRUª:HQQZLUKLQDXVZROOHQGUFNHQ ZLU
XQVMDZROGRW«GUFNHQZLUXQVMDZRO©
ª8QHUK|UWH,QIDPMH©VSUDFKGXPSI+HUU6WXKW
ª0HLQH +HUUHQ© EHJDQQ GHU :RUWIKUHU HLQGULQJOLFK DXIV QHXH
ª,FKELWWH6LHGRFK]XHUZlJHQ«,FKKDEHELQQHQGUHL7DJHQHLQH
$XVIHUWLJXQJ GHV KHXWH ]X IKUHQGHQ 3URWRNROOHV GHP UHJLHUHQGHQ
%UJHUPHLVWHU ]X]XVWHOOHQ« hEHUGLHV HUZDUWHW GLH 6WDGW GLH
9HU|IIHQWOLFKXQJ GXUFK GHQ 'UXFN« ,FK P|FKWH MHGHQIDOOV ]XU
$EVWLPPXQJ GDUEHU VFKUHLWHQ RE GLH 6LW]XQJ HU|IIQHW ZHUGHQ
VROO«©
$EHUDEJHVHKHQYRQHLQLJHQZHQLJHQ%UJHUQGLHGHQ:RUWIKUHU
XQWHUVWW]WHQ IDQG VLFK QLHPDQG GHU EHUHLW JHZHVHQ ZlUH ]XU
7DJHVRUGQXQJ EHU]XJHKHQ (LQH $EVWLPPXQJ KlWWH VLFK DOV
]ZHFNORV HUZLHVHQ 0DQ GXUIWH GDV 9RON QLFKW UHL]HQ 1LHPDQG
ZX‰WH ZDV HV ZROOWH 0DQ GXUIWH HV QLFKW GXUFK HLQHQ %HVFKOX‰
QDFK LUJHQGHLQHU 5LFKWXQJ KLQ YRU GHQ .RSI VWR‰HQ 0DQ PX‰WH
DEZDUWHQXQGVLFKQLFKWUHJHQ9RQGHU0DULHQNLUFKHVFKOXJHVKDOE
IQI«
0DQEHVWlUNWHHLQDQGHULQGHP(QWVFKOVVHJHGXOGLJDXV]XKDUUHQ
0DQEHJDQQVLFK DQGDV *HUlXVFK ]X JHZ|KQHQ GDV GRUWGUDX‰HQ
DQVFKZROO DEQDKP SDXVLHUWH XQG ZLHGHU HLQVHW]WH 0DQ ILQJ DQ
UXKLJHU]XZHUGHQVLFK¶VEHTXHPHU]XPDFKHQVLFKDXIGHQXQWHUHQ
6LW]UHLKHQXQGGHQ6WKOHQQLHGHU]XODVVHQ«'LH%HWULHEVDPNHLWDOO
GLHVHUWFKWLJHQ%UJHUEHJDQQVLFK]XUHJHQ«0DQZDJWHKLHXQG
GD EHU *HVFKlIWH ]X VSUHFKHQ KLH XQG GD VRJDU HLQ *HVFKlIW ]X
PDFKHQ« 'LH 0DNOHU QlKHUWHQ VLFK GHQ *UR‰NDXIOHXWHQ« 'LH
HLQJHVFKORVVHQHQ +HUUHQ SODXGHUWHQ PLWHLQDQGHU ZLH /HXWH GLH
ZlKUHQG HLQHV KHIWLJHQ *HZLWWHUV EHLVDPPHQVLW]HQ YRQ DQGHUHQ
'LQJHQ UHGHQ XQG PDQFKPDO PLW HUQVWHQ XQG UHVSHNWYROOHQ
*HVLFKWHUQDXIGHQ'RQQHUKRUFKHQ(VZXUGHIQI8KUKDOEVHFKV
8KU XQG GLH 'lPPHUXQJ VDQN 'DQQ XQG ZDQQ VHXI]WH MHPDQG
GDUEHUGD‰VHLQH)UDXPLWGHP.DIIHHZDUWHZRUDXI+HUU%HQWKLHQ
VLFK HUODXEWH GLH 'DFKOXNH LQ (ULQQHUXQJ ]X EULQJHQ $EHU GLH
PHLVWHQGDFKWHQGDUEHUZLH+HUU6WXKWGHUPLWHLQHPIDWDOLVWLVFKHQ
.RSIVFKWWHOQHUNOlUWHª,FKELQMDGRFK]XGLFNGD]X©


-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN KDWWH VLFK HLQJHGHQN GHU 0DKQXQJ GHU
.RQVXOLQQHEHQVHLQHP6FKZLHJHUYDWHUJHKDOWHQXQGHUEHWUDFKWHWH
LKQ HWZDV EHVRUJW DOV HU LKQ IUDJWH ª'LHV NOHLQH $EHQWHXHU JHKW
,KQHQKRIIHQWOLFKQLFKWQDKH9DWHU"©
8QWHUGHPVFKQHHZHL‰HQ7RXSHWZDUHQDXI/HEUHFKW.U|JHUV6WLUQ
]ZHL EOlXOLFKH $GHUQ LQ EHVRUJQLVHUUHJHQGHU :HLVH JHVFKZROOHQ
XQGZlKUHQGGLH HLQH VHLQHU DULVWRNUDWLVFKHQ *UHLVHQKlQGH PLW GHQ
RSDOLVLHUHQGHQ.Q|SIHQDQVHLQHU:HVWHVSLHOWH]LWWHUWHGLHDQGHUH
PLW HLQHP JUR‰HQ %ULOODQWHQ JHVFKPFNW DXI VHLQHQ .QLHQ
ª3DSSHUODSDSS%XGGHQEURRN©VDJWHHUPLWVRQGHUEDUHU0GLJNHLW
ª,FK ELQ HQQX\LHUW GDV LVW GDV *DQ]H© $EHU HU VWUDIWH VLFK VHOEHU
/JHQLQGHPHUSO|W]OLFKKHUYRU]LVFKWHª3DUEOHX-HDQPDQP‰WH
GLHVHPLQIDPHQ6FKPLHUILQNHQGHQ5HVSHNWPLW3XOYHUXQG%OHLLQ
GHQ/HLENQDOOHQ«'DV3DFN«'LH&DQDLOOH«©
'HU.RQVXOVXPPWHEHJWLJHQGª6R«VR«6LHKDEHQMDUHFKWHV
LVW HLQH ]LHPOLFK XQZUGLJH .RP|GLH« $EHU ZDV VROO PDQ WXQ"
0DQ PX‰ JXWH 0LHQH PDFKHQ (V ZLUG $EHQG 'LH /HXWH ZHUGHQ
VFKRQDE]LHKHQ«©
ª:R LVW PHLQ :DJHQ"« ,FK EHIHKOH PHLQHQ :DJHQ©
NRPPDQGLHUWH /HEUHFKW .U|JHU JlQ]OLFK DX‰HU VLFK 6HLQH :XW
H[SORGLHUWH HU EHEWHDP JDQ]HQ /HLEH ª,FK KDEH LKQDXIIQI 8KU
EHVWHOOW« :R LVW HU"« 'LH 6LW]XQJ ZLUG QLFKW DEJHKDOWHQ« :DV
VROOLFKKLHU"«,FKELQQLFKWJHVRQQHQPLFKQDUUHQ]XODVVHQ«,FK
ZLOO PHLQHQ :DJHQ« ,QVXOWLHUW PDQ PHLQHQ .XWVFKHU" 6HKHQ 6LH
QDFK%XGGHQEURRN©
ª/LHEHU6FKZLHJHUYDWHUXP*RWWHVZLOOHQEHUXKLJHQ6LHVLFK6LH
DOWHULHUHQVLFK«GDVEHNRPPW,KQHQQLFKW6HOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFK«LFK
JHKHQXQPLFKQDFK,KUHP:DJHQXP]XVHKHQ,FKVHOEVWELQGLHVHU
/DJH EHUGUVVLJ ,FK ZHUGH PLW GHQ /HXWHQ VSUHFKHQ VLH
DXIIRUGHUQQDFK+DXVH]XJHKHQ«©
8QG REJOHLFK /HEUHFKW .U|JHU SURWHVWLHUWH REJOHLFK HU PLW
SO|W]OLFK JDQ] NDOWHU XQG YHUlFKWOLFKHU %HWRQXQJ EHIDKO ª+DOW
KLHUJHEOLHEHQ 6LH YHUJHEHQ VLFK QLFKWV %XGGHQEURRN© VFKULWW GHU
.RQVXOVFKQHOOGXUFKGHQ6DDO


'LFKWEHLGHUNOHLQHQJUQHQ7UZXUGH HU YRQ 6LJLVPXQG *|VFK
HLQJHKROW GHU LKQ PLW NQRFKLJHU +DQG DP $UP HUJULII XQG PLW
JUl‰OLFKHU)OVWHUVWLPPHIUDJWHª:RKLQ+HUU.RQVXO"«©
'DV *HVLFKW GHV 0DNOHUV ZDU LQ WDXVHQG WLHIH )DOWHQ JHOHJW 0LW
GHP$XVGUXFNZLOGHU(QWVFKORVVHQKHLWVFKREVLFKVHLQVSLW]HV.LQQ
IDVWELV]XU1DVHHPSRUVHLQJUDXHV+DDUILHOGVWHULQ6FKOlIHQXQG
6WLUQXQGHUKLHOWVHLQHQ.RSIVRWLHI]ZLVFKHQGHQ6FKXOWHUQGD‰HV
LKPZDKUKDIWLJJHODQJGDV$XVVHKHQHLQHV9HUZDFKVHQHQ]XELHWHQ
DOVHUKHUYRUVWLH‰ª6LHVHKHQPLFKJHZLOOW]XP9RONH]XUHGHQ©
'HU.RQVXOVDJWHª1HLQODVVHQ6LHPLFKGDVOLHEHUWXQ*|VFK«
,FKKDEHZDKUVFKHLQOLFKPHKU%HNDQQWHXQWHUGHQ/HXWHQ«©
ª(V VHL© DQWZRUWHWH GHU 0DNOHU WRQORV ª6LH VLQG HLQ JU|‰HUHU
0HQVFK DOV LFK© 8QG LQGHP HU VHLQH 6WLPPH HUKRE IXKU HU IRUW
ª$EHU LFK ZHUGH 6LH EHJOHLWHQ LFK ZHUGH DQ ,KUHU 6HLWH VWHKHQ
.RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN 0DJ GLH :XW GHU HQWIHVVHOWHQ 6NODYHQ PLFK
]HUUHL‰HQ«$FKZHOFKHLQ7DJ:HOFKHLQ$EHQG©VDJWHHUDOVVLH
KLQDXVJLQJHQ« 6LFKHUOLFK KDWWH HU VLFK QRFK QLHPDOV VR JOFNOLFK
JHIKOWª+D+HUU.RQVXO'DLVWGDV9RON©
'LH EHLGHQ KDWWHQ GHQ .RUULGRU EHUVFKULWWHQ XQG WUDWHQ YRU GLH
+DXVWUKLQDXVLQGHPVLHDXI GHU REHUHQ GHU GUHL VFKPDOHQ 6WXIHQ
VWHKHQEOLHEHQ GLH DXI GDV 7URWWRLU IKUWHQ 'LH 6WUD‰H ERW HLQHQ
EHIUHPGHQGHQ $QEOLFN 6LH ZDU DXVJHVWRUEHQ XQG DQ GHQ RIIHQHQ
VFKRQHUOHXFKWHWHQ)HQVWHUQGHUXPOLHJHQGHQ+lXVHUJHZDKUWHPDQ
1HXJLHULJHGLHDXIGLHVFKZlU]OLFKHVLFKYRUP%UJHUVFKDIWVKDXVH
GUlQJHQGH0HQJHGHU$XIUKUHUKLQDEEOLFNWHQ'LHVH0HQJHZDUDQ
=DKO QLFKW YLHO VWlUNHU DOV GLH 9HUVDPPOXQJ LP 6DDOH XQG EHVWDQG
DXV MXJHQGOLFKHQ +DIHQ XQG /DJHUDUEHLWHUQ 'LHQVWPlQQHUQ
9RONVVFKOHUQ HLQLJHQ 0DWURVHQ YRQ .DXIIDKUWHLVFKLIIHQ XQG
DQGHUHQ /HXWHQ GLH LQ GHQ JHULQJHQ 6WDGWJHJHQGHQ LQ GHQ
¾7ZLHWHQ½¾*lQJHQ½¾:LVFKHQ½XQG¾+|IHQ½]X+DXVHZDUHQ$XFK
GUHLRGHUYLHU)UDXHQZDUHQGDEHLGLHVLFKYRQGLHVHP8QWHUQHKPHQ
ZRKO lKQOLFKH (UIROJH YHUVSUDFKHQ ZLH GLH %XGGHQEURRN¶VFKH
.|FKLQ(LQLJH(PS|UHUGHV6WHKHQVPGHKDWWHQVLFKGLH)‰HLP
5LQQVWHLQDXIGHQ%UJHUVWHLJJHVHW]WXQGD‰HQ%XWWHUEURW
(V ZDU EDOG VHFKV 8KU XQG REJOHLFK GLH 'lPPHUXQJ ZHLW
YRUJHVFKULWWHQ ZDU KLQJHQ GLH gOODPSHQ XQDQJH]QGHW DQ LKUHQ


.HWWHQ EHU GHU 6WUD‰H 'LHVH 7DWVDFKH GLHVH RIIHQEDUH XQG
XQHUK|UWH 8QWHUEUHFKXQJ GHU 2UGQXQJ ZDU GDV HUVWH ZDV GHQ
.RQVXO%XGGHQEURRNDXIULFKWLJHU]UQWHXQGVLHZDUVFKXOGGDUDQ
GD‰ HU LQ ]LHPOLFK NXU]HP XQG lUJHUOLFKHP 7RQH ]X VSUHFKHQ
EHJDQQª/XGZDWLVGDWQXEOR‰IUGXPP7JZDWMLGDDQVWHOOW©
'LH 9HVSHUQGHQ ZDUHQ YRP 7URWWRLU HPSRUJHVSUXQJHQ 'LH
+LQWHUHQ MHQVHLWV GHV )DKUGDPPHV VWHOOWHQ VLFK DXI GLH
=HKHQVSLW]HQ (LQLJH +DIHQDUEHLWHU GLH LP 'LHQVWH GHV .RQVXOV
VWDQGHQ QDKPHQ LKUH 0W]HQ DE 0DQ PDFKWH VLFK DXIPHUNVDP
VWLH‰ VLFK LQ GLH 6HLWHQ XQG VDJWH JHGlPSIW ª'DW¶V .XQVHO
%XGGHQEURRN .XQVHO %XGGHQEURRN ZLOO ¶QH 5HG¶ KROOHQ +ROO GLQ
0XO .ULVFKDQ KHL NDQQ K|OOVFKHQ IXFKWLJ ZDUQ« 'DW¶V 0DNOHU
*|VFK«NLHN'DW¶VVRµQ$DS«,VKHL¶QEHHWHQ|ZHUVS|QLJ"©
ª&RUO6PROW©ILQJGHU.RQVXOZLHGHUDQLQGHPHUVHLQHNOHLQHQ
WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ DXI HLQHQ HWZD ]ZHLXQG]ZDQ]LJMlKULJHQ
/DJHUDUEHLWHU PLW NUXPPHQ %HLQHQ ULFKWHWH GHU GLH 0W]H LQ GHU
+DQG XQG GHQ 0XQG YROO %URW XQPLWWHOEDU YRU GHQ 6WXIHQ VWDQG
ª1X UHG PDO &RUO 6PROW 1X LV¶ 7LHG -L KHZZ KLHU GHQ OHHZHQ
ODQJHQ1DPLGGDJEU|OOW«©
ª-H+HUU.XQVHO«©EUDFKWH&RUO6PROWNDXHQGKHUYRUª'DW¶VQX
VR ¶Q 6DDN« hZHU« 'DW LV QX VR ZLHG« :L PDDNHQ QX
5HYROXWVFKRQ©
ª:DW¶VGDWIEU8QG|J6PROW©
ª-H+HUU.XQVHOGDWVHJJHQ6HLZROOZHUGDWLVQXVRZLHG«ZL
VQG QX QLFK PLKU WDXIUHHGHQ PLW GH 6DDN« :L YHUODQJHQ QX QH
DQQHU2UGQXQJXQGDWLVMDRRNJRUQLFKPLKUGD‰GDWZDWLV«©
ª+XUPDO6PROWXQLKUDQQHUQ/XG:HUQX¶QYHUVWlQQLJHQ.LHUO
LV GHU JHKW QDD +XV XQ VFKHUW VLFK QLFK PLKU XP 5HYROXWLRQ XQG
VW|UWKLHUQLFKGH2UGQXQJ«©
ª'LHKHLOLJH2UGQXQJ©XQWHUEUDFK+HUU*|VFKLKQ]LVFKHQG«
ª'H 2UGQXQJ VHJ LFN© EHVFKOR‰ .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN ª1LFKW
PDO GLH /DPSHQ VLQG DQJH]QGHW« 'DW JHLKW GHQQ GRFK WDX ZLHG
PLWGH5HYROXWLRQ©
&RUO 6PROW DEHU KDWWH QXQ VHLQHQ %LVVHQ YHUVFKOXFNW XQG GLH
0HQJH LP 5FNHQ VWDQG HU EUHLWEHLQLJ GD XQG KDWWH VHLQH


(LQZlQGHǻ-H+HUU.XQVHOGDWVHJJHQ6HLZROOhZHUGDWLVPDQ
EOR‰ZHJHQGDVDOOJHPHLQH3ULQ]LSYRQGDW:DKOUHFKW«©
ª*UR‰HU *RWW GX 7URSI© ULHI GHU .RQVXO XQG YHUJD‰ SODWW ]X
VSUHFKHQYRU,QGLJQDWLRQǻ'XUHGHVWMDODXWHU8QVLQQǩ
ª-H+HUU.XQVHO© VDJWH &RUO 6PROW HLQ EL‰FKHQ HLQJHVFKFKWHUW
ªGDWLVQXDOOHQVVRlVGDWLVhZHU5HYROXWVFKRQPWWVLHQGDWLV
WDXJHZL‰5HYROXWVFKRQLV|ZHUDOOLQ%HUOLQXQGLQ3RULV«©
ª6PROWZDWZXOO-LQXHHQWOLFK1XVHJJHQ6HLGDWPDO©
ª-H+HUU.XQVHOLFNVHJPDQEOR‰ZLHZXOOQX¶QH5HSXEOLNHVHJ
LFNPDQEOR‰«©
ªhZHUGX'|VNRSS«-LKHZZMDVFKRQHHQ©
ª-H+HUU.XQVHOGHQQZXOOZLQRFKHHQ©
(LQLJH GHU 8PVWHKHQGHQ GLH HV EHVVHU ZX‰WHQ EHJDQQHQ
VFKZHUIlOOLJXQGKHU]OLFK]XODFKHQXQGREJOHLFKGLHZHQLJVWHQGLH
$QWZRUW &RUO 6PROWV YHUVWDQGHQ KDWWHQ SIODQ]WH GLHVH +HLWHUNHLW
VLFK IRUW ELV GLH JDQ]H 0HQJH GHU 5HSXEOLNDQHU LQ EUHLWHP XQG
JXWPWLJHP *HOlFKWHU VWDQG $Q GHQ )HQVWHUQ GHV
%UJHUVFKDIWVVDDOHV HUVFKLHQHQ PLW QHXJLHULJHQ *HVLFKWHUQ HLQLJH
+HUUHQ PLW %LHUVHLGHOQ LQ GHQ +lQGHQ« 'HU HLQ]LJH GHQ GLHVH
:HQGXQJ GHU 'LQJH HQWWlXVFKWH XQG VFKPHU]WH ZDU 6LJLVPXQG
*|VFK ª1D /XG© VDJWH VFKOLH‰OLFK .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN ªLFN
JO|ZGDWLVQXGDWEHVWHZHQQLKUDOOHQDD+XVJDKW©
&RUO 6PROW JlQ]OLFK YHUGXW]W EHU GLH :LUNXQJ GLH HU
KHUYRUJHEUDFKWDQWZRUWHWHª-H+HUU.XQVHOGDWLVQXVRXQGHQQ
P|KW PDQGH6DDNMH ZROOXS VLFN EHUXKQ ODWHQ XQLFN EQMH RRN
PDQ IURK GDW +HUU.XQVHO PL GDW QLFK |ZHOQHKPHQ GDXW XQ DGMV
GHQQRRN+HUU.XQVHO«©
'LH 0HQJH ILQJ DQ VLFK LQ GHU DOOHUEHVWHQ /DXQH ]X ]HUVWUHXHQ
ª6PROWW|IPDO¶Q2RJHQEOLFN©ULHIGHU.RQVXOª6HJPDOKDVWGX
GHQ.U|JHU¶VFKHQ:DJHQQLFKVHLKQGH.DOHVFK¶YRQ.U|JHUVYRUP
%XUJWRU"©
ª-HZROO +HUU .XQVHO 'H LV NDPHQ 'H LV GRDU XQQHUZDUWV XSS
+HUU.XQVHOVLQ+RIIUXSSIRDKUQ«©
ª6FK|Q GHQQ ORRS PDO IL[LQJ KLQ 6PROW XQ VHJ WDX -RFKHQ KHL
VDOOPDOµQEHHWHQUDQQHUNRPPHQVLQ+HUUZLOOQDD+XV©


ª-HZROO+HUU.XQVHO«©8QGLQGHPHUVHLQH0W]HDXIGHQ.RSI
ZDUI XQG GHQ /HGHUVFKLUP JDQ] WLHI LQ GLH $XJHQ ]RJ OLHI &RUO
6PROWPLWEUHLWVSXULJHQZLHJHQGHQ6FKULWWHQGLH6WUD‰HKLQXQWHU

9LHUWHV.DSLWHO

$OV .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN PLW 6LJLVPXQG *|VFK LQ GLH


9HUVDPPOXQJ]XUFNNHKUWHERWGHU6DDOHLQEHKDJOLFKHUHV%LOGDOV
YRU HLQHU 9LHUWHOVWXQGH (U ZDU YRQ ]ZHL JUR‰HQ 3DUDIILQODPSHQ
HUOHXFKWHWGLHDXIGHP:RUWIKUHUWLVFKVWDQGHQXQGLQLKUHPJHOEHQ
/LFKW VD‰HQ XQG VWDQGHQ GLH +HUUHQ EHLHLQDQGHU JRVVHQ VLFK
)ODVFKHQELHU LQ EODQNH 6HLGHO VWLH‰HQ DQ XQG SODXGHUWHQ
JHUlXVFKYROOLQIU|KOLFKVWHU6WLPPXQJ)UDX6XHUNULQJHOGLH:LWZH
6XHUNULQJHO ZDU GDJHZHVHQ VLH KDWWH VLFK WUHXKHU]LJ LKUHU
HLQJHVFKORVVHQHQ *lVWH DQJHQRPPHQ PLW EHUHGWHQ :RUWHQ GD GLH
%HODJHUXQJ MD QRFK ODQJH GDXHUQ N|QQH HLQH NOHLQH 6WlUNXQJ LQ
9RUVFKODJ JHEUDFKW XQG VLFK GLH HUUHJWHQ =HLWHQ ]XQXW]H JHPDFKW
XPHLQHEHGHXWHQGH4XDQWLWlWLKUHVKHOOHQXQG]LHPOLFKVSLULWX|VHQ
%LHUHV DE]XVHW]HQ 6RHEHQ EHLP :LHGHUHLQWULWW GHU EHLGHQ
8QWHUKlQGOHU VFKOHSSWH GHU +DXVNQHFKW LQ +HPGlUPHOQ XQG PLW
ZRKOPHLQHQGHP /lFKHOQ HLQHQ QHXHQ 9RUUDW YRQ )ODVFKHQ KHUEHL
XQGREJOHLFKGHU$EHQGYRUJHVFKULWWHQREJOHLFKHV]XVSlWZDUGHU
9HUIDVVXQJVUHYLVLRQ QRFK $XIPHUNVDPNHLW ]X VFKHQNHQ ZDU
QLHPDQG JHQHLJW VFKRQ MHW]W GLHV %HLVDPPHQVHLQ ]X XQWHUEUHFKHQ
XQGQDFK+DXVH]XJHKHQ0LWGHP.DIIHHZDUHVLQMHGHP)DOOIU
KHXWHYRUEHL«
1DFKGHP GHU .RQVXO PHKUHUH +lQGHGUFNH HQWJHJHQJHQRPPHQ
GLH LKQ ]X VHLQHP (UIROJH EHJOFNZQVFKWHQ EHJDE HU VLFK RKQH
9HU]XJ ]X VHLQHP 6FKZLHJHUYDWHU /HEUHFKW .U|JHU VFKLHQ GHU
HLQ]LJH]XVHLQGHVVHQ6WLPPXQJVLFKQLFKWYHUEHVVHUWKDWWH+RFK
NDOWXQGDEZHLVHQGVD‰HUDQVHLQHP3ODW]HXQGDQWZRUWHWHDXIGHQ
%HULFKWLQGLHVHP$XJHQEOLFNIDKUHGHU:DJHQYRUPLWK|KQLVFKHU
6WLPPH GLH YRU (UELWWHUXQJ PHKU DOV YRU *UHLVHQDOWHU ]LWWHUWH
ª%HOLHEWGHU3|EHOPLFKLQPHLQ+DXV]XUFNNHKUHQ]XODVVHQ"©


0LW VWHLIHQ %HZHJXQJHQ GLH QLFKW LP HQWIHUQWHVWHQ DQ GLH
FKDUPDQWHQ*HVWHQJHPDKQWHQGLHPDQVRQVWDQLKPNDQQWHOLH‰HU
VLFK GHQ 3HO]PDQWHO XP GLH 6FKXOWHUQ OHJHQ XQG VFKRE GD GHU
.RQVXOVLFKHUERWLKQ]XEHJOHLWHQPLWHLQHPQDFKOlVVLJHQª0HUFL©
VHLQHQ$UPXQWHUGHQVHLQHV6FKZLHJHUVRKQHV
'LH PDMHVWlWLVFKH .DOHVFKH PLW ]ZHL JUR‰HQ /DWHUQHQ DP %RFN
KLHOWYRUGHU7UZRVHOEVWPDQQXQ]XUKHU]OLFKHQ*HQXJWXXQJGHV
.RQVXOV EHJDQQ GLH /DPSHQ LQ %UDQG ]X VHW]HQ XQG GLH EHLGHQ
VWLHJHQ HLQ 6WHLO VWXPP RKQH VLFK ]XUFN]XOHKQHQ PLW KDOE
JHVFKORVVHQHQ $XJHQ VD‰ /HEUHFKW .U|JHU GLH :DJHQGHFNH EHU
GHQ.QLHQ]XU5HFKWHQGHV.RQVXOVZlKUHQGGHU:DJHQGXUFKGLH
6WUD‰HQ UROOWH XQG XQWHU GHQ NXU]HQ 6SLW]HQ VHLQHV ZHL‰HQ
6FKQXUUEDUWHV OLHIHQ VHLQH DEZlUWV JH]RJHQHQ 0XQGZLQNHO LQ ]ZHL
VHQNUHFKWH )DOWHQ DXV GLH VLFK ELV ]XP .LQQ KLQXQWHU]RJHQ 'HU
*ULPPEHUGLHHUOLWWHQH'HPWLJXQJ]HKUWHXQGQDJWHLQLKP0DWW
XQGNDOWEOLFNWHHUDXIGDVOHHUH3ROVWHULKPJHJHQEHU
,Q GHQ 6WUD‰HQ JLQJ HV OHEKDIWHU ]X DOV DQ HLQHP 6RQQWDJDEHQG
$XJHQVFKHLQOLFK KHUUVFKWH )HVWVWLPPXQJ 'DV 9RON HQW]FNW EHU
GHQJOFNOLFKHQ9HUODXIGHU5HYROXWLRQ]RJZRKOJHODXQWXPKHU(V
ZXUGH VRJDU JHVXQJHQ +LH XQG GD VFKULHQ -XQJHQ ª+XUUD© ZHQQ
GHU:DJHQYRUEHUIXKUXQGZDUIHQGLH0W]HQLQGLH/XIW
ª,FK JODXEH ZDKUKDIWLJ 6LH ODVVHQ VLFK GLH 6DFKH ]X QDKHJHKQ
9DWHU© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO ª:HQQ PDQ EHGHQNW ZDV IU HLQH
1DUUHQVSRVVH GDV *DQ]H ZDU« (LQH )DUFH«© 8QG XP LUJHQGHLQH
$QWZRUW XQG bX‰HUXQJ GHV $OWHQ ]X HUODQJHQ ILQJ HU DQ OHEKDIW
EHU GLH 5HYROXWLRQ LP DOOJHPHLQHQ ]X VSUHFKHQ« ª:HQQ GLH
EHVLW]ORVH 0HQJH ]X GHU (UNHQQWQLV JHODQJWH ZLH ZHQLJ VLH LQ
GLHVHQ =HLWHQ LKUHU HLJHQHQ 6DFKH GLHQW« $FK PHLQ *RWW HV LVW
EHUDOO GDV QlPOLFKH ,FK KDWWH KHXWH QDFKPLWWDJ HLQ NXU]HV
*HVSUlFKPLWGHP0DNOHU*|VFKGLHVHPZXQGHUOLFKHQ0DQQHGHU
DOOHVPLWGHQ$XJHQHLQHV3RHWHQXQG6WFNHVFKUHLEHUVEHWUDFKWHW«
6HKHQ 6LH 6FKZLHJHUYDWHU GLH 5HYROXWLRQ LVW LQ %HUOLQ DQ
lVWKHWLVFKHQ7HHWLVFKHQYRUEHUHLWHWZRUGHQ«'DQQKDWGDV9RONGLH
6DFKH DXVJHIRFKWHQ XQG VHLQH +DXW ]X 0DUNWH JHWUDJHQ« :LUG HV
DXIVHLQH.RVWHQNRPPHQ"©
ª6LH WlWHQ JXW GDV )HQVWHU DQ ,KUHU 6HLWH ]X |IIQHQ© VDJWH +HUU
.U|JHU


-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN ZDUI LKP HLQHQ UDVFKHQ %OLFN ]X XQG OLH‰
HLOLJGLH*ODVVFKHLEHQLHGHUª)KOHQ6LHVLFKQLFKWJDQ]ZRKOOLHEHU
9DWHU"©IUDJWHHUEHVRUJW«
ª1HLQ'XUFKDXVQLFKW©DQWZRUWHWH/HEUHFKW.U|JHUVWUHQJ
ª6LHKDEHQHLQHQ,PEL‰XQG5XKHQ|WLJ©VDJWHGHU.RQVXOLQGHP
HUXPLUJHQGHWZDV]XWXQGLH)HOOGHFNHIHVWHUXPGLH.QLHVHLQHV
6FKZLHJHUYDWHUV]RJ
3O|W]OLFK  GLH (TXLSDJH UDVVHOWH GXUFK GLH %XUJVWUD‰H  JHVFKDK
HWZDV (UVFKUHFNHQGHV $OV QlPOLFK GHU :DJHQ IQI]HKQ 6FKULWWH
HWZD YRQ GHP LQ +DOEGXQNHO JHWDXFKWHQ *HPlXHU GHV 7RUHV HLQH
$QVDPPOXQJ OlUPHQGHU XQG YHUJQJWHU *DVVHQMXQJHQ SDVVLHUWH
IORJ GXUFK GDV RIIHQH )HQVWHU HLQ 6WHLQ KHUHLQ (V ZDU HLQ JDQ]
KDUPORVHU)HOGVWHLQNDXPYRQGHU*U|‰HHLQHV+KQHUHLHVGHU]XU
)HLHUGHU5HYROXWLRQYRQGHU+DQGLUJHQGHLQHV.ULVFKDQ6QXWRGHU
+HLQH 9R‰ JHVFKOHXGHUW VLFKHUOLFK QLFKW E|VH JHPHLQW XQG
ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK JDU QLFKW QDFK GHP :DJHQ JH]LHOW ZRUGHQ ZDU
/DXWORVNDPHUGXUFKV)HQVWHUKHUHLQSUDOOWHODXWORVJHJHQ/HEUHFKW
.U|JHUV YRQ GLFNHP 3HO]H EHGHFNWH %UXVW UROOWH HEHQVR ODXWORV DQ
GHU )HOOGHFNH KLQDE XQG EOLHE DP %RGHQ OLHJHQ ª7lSSLVFKH
)OHJHOHL©VDJWHGHU.RQVXOlUJHUOLFKª,VWPDQGHQQKHXWHDEHQGDXV
5DQG XQG %DQG"« $EHU HU KDW 6LH QLFKW YHUOHW]W ZLH
6FKZLHJHUYDWHU"©
'HU DOWH .U|JHU VFKZLHJ HU VFKZLHJ EHlQJVWLJHQG (V ZDU ]X
GXQNHO LP :DJHQ XP GHQ $XVGUXFN VHLQHV *HVLFKWHV ]X
XQWHUVFKHLGHQ*HUDGHUK|KHUVWHLIHUQRFKGHQQ]XYRUVD‰HURKQH
GDV5FNHQSROVWHU]XEHUKUHQ'DQQDEHUNDPHVJDQ]WLHIDXVLKP
KHUDXV« ODQJVDP NDOW XQG VFKZHU HLQ HLQ]LJHV :RUW ª'LH
&DQDLOOH©
$XV %HVRUJQLV LKQ QRFK PHKU ]X UHL]HQ DQWZRUWHWH GHU .RQVXO
QLFKW'HU:DJHQUROOWHPLWKDOOHQGHP*HUlXVFKGXUFKGDV7RUXQG
EHIDQG VLFK GUHL 0LQXWHQ VSlWHU LQ GHU EUHLWHQ $OOHH YRU GHP PLW
YHUJROGHWHQ 6SLW]HQ YHUVHKHQHQ *DWWHU ZHOFKHV GDV .U|JHU¶VFKH
%HVLW]WXPEHJUHQ]WH=XEHLGHQ6HLWHQGHUEUHLWHQ*DUWHQSIRUWHGLH
GHQ(LQJDQJ]XHLQHUPLW.DVWDQLHQEHVHW]WHQ$QIDKUW]XU7HUUDVVH
ELOGHWH EUDQQWHQ KHOO ]ZHL /DWHUQHQ PLW YHUJROGHWHQ .Q|SIHQ DXI
LKUHQ'HFNHOQ'HU.RQVXOHQWVHW]WHVLFKDOVHUKLHULQGDV*HVLFKW


VHLQHV6FKZLHJHUYDWHUVVDK(VZDUJHOEXQGYRQVFKODIIHQ)XUFKHQ
]HUULVVHQ'HUNDOWHIHVWHXQGYHUlFKWOLFKH$XVGUXFNGHQGHU0XQG
ELV GDKLQ EHZDKUW KDWWH VLFK ]X HLQHU VFKZDFKHQ VFKLHIHQ
KlQJHQGHQXQGEO|GHQ*UHLVHQJULPDVVHYHU]HUUW«'HU:DJHQKLHOW
DQGHU7HUUDVVHª+HOIHQ6LHPLU©VDJWH/HEUHFKW.U|JHUREJOHLFK
GHU .RQVXO GHU ]XHUVW DXVJHVWLHJHQ ZDU VFKRQ GLH )HOOGHFNH
]XUFNZDUI XQGLKP $UP XQG 6FKXOWHU DOV 6WW]H GDUERW (U IKUWH
LKQ DXI GHP .LHVERGHQ ODQJVDP GLH ZHQLJHQ 6FKULWWH ELV ]X GHU
ZHL‰JOlQ]HQGHQ)UHLWUHSSHGLH]XP6SHLVH]LPPHUHPSRUIKUWH$P
)X‰H GHU 6WXIHQ NQLFNWH GHU *UHLV LQ GLH .QLH 'HU .RSI ILHO VR
VFKZHUDXIGLH%UXVWGD‰GHUKlQJHQGH8QWHUNLHIHUPLWNODSSHQGHP
*HUlXVFKJHJHQGHQREHUHQVFKOXJ'LH$XJHQYHUGUHKWHQVLFKXQG
EUDFKHQ«
/HEUHFKW.U|JHUGHUiODPRGH.DYDOLHUZDUEHLVHLQHQ9lWHUQ

)QIWHV.DSLWHO

(LQ -DKU XQG ]ZHL 0RQDWH VSlWHU DQ HLQHP VFKQHHGXQVWLJHQ


-DQXDUPRUJHQ GHV -DKUHV  VD‰HQ +HUU XQG 0DGDPH *UQOLFK
QHEVW LKUHP NOHLQHQ GUHLMlKULJHQ 7|FKWHUFKHQ LQ GHP PLW
KHOOEUDXQIDUELJHP +RO]H JHWlIHOWHQ 6SHLVH]LPPHU DXI 6WKOHQ YRQ
GHQHQ HLQ MHGHU IQIXQG]ZDQ]LJ .XUDQWPDUN JHNRVWHW KDWWH EHLP
HUVWHQ)UKVWFN
'LH 6FKHLEHQ GHU EHLGHQ )HQVWHU ZDUHQ YRU 1HEHO EHLQDKH
XQGXUFKVLFKWLJ YHUVFKZRPPHQ JHZDKUWH PDQ QDFNWH %lXPH XQG
6WUlXFKHU GDKLQWHU ,Q GHP JUQJODVLHUWHQ QLHGULJHQ 2IHQ GHU LQ
HLQHP:LQNHOVWDQGQHEHQGHURIIHQHQ7UGLHLQV¾3HQVHH]LPPHU½
IKUWH ZRVHOEVW PDQ %ODWWJHZlFKVH HUEOLFNWH  NQLVWHUWH GLH URWH
*OXWXQGHUIOOWHGHQ5DXPPLWHLQHUVDQIWHQHLQZHQLJULHFKHQGHQ
:lUPH $Q GHU HQWJHJHQJHVHW]WHQ 6HLWH JHVWDWWHWHQ KDOE
]XUFNJHVFKODJHQH JUQH 7XFKSRUWLHUHQ GHQ 'XUFKEOLFN LQ GHQ
EUDXQVHLGHQHQ 6DORQ XQG DXI HLQH KRKH *ODVWU GHUHQ 5LW]HQ PLW
ZDWWLHUWHQ5ROOHQYHUVWRSIWZDUHQXQGKLQWHUGHUHLQHNOHLQH7HUUDVVH


VLFK LQ GHP ZHL‰JUDXHQ XQGXUFKVLFKWLJHQ 1HEHO YHUORU 6HLWZlUWV
IKUWHHLQGULWWHU$XVJDQJDXIGHQ.RUULGRU
'HUVFKQHHZHL‰HJHZLUNWH'DPDVWDXIGHPUXQGHQ7LVFKHZDUYRQ
HLQHP JUQJHVWLFNWHQ 7LVFKOlXIHU GXUFK]RJHQ XQG EHGHFNW PLW
JROGJHUlQGHUWHPXQGVRGXUFKVLFKWLJHP3RU]HOODQGD‰HVKLHXQGGD
ZLH 3HUOPXWWHU VFKLPPHUWH (LQH 7HHPDVFKLQH VXPPWH ,Q HLQHP
GQQVLOEHUQHQ IODFKHQ %URWNRUE GHU GLH *HVWDOW HLQHV JUR‰HQ
JH]DFNWHQ OHLFKW JHUROOWHQ %ODWWHV KDWWH ODJHQ 5XQGVWFNH XQG
6FKQLWWHQYRQ0LOFKJHElFN8QWHUHLQHU.ULVWDOOJORFNHWUPWHQVLFK
NOHLQH JHULHIHOWH %XWWHUNXJHOQ XQWHU HLQHU DQGHUHQ ZDUHQ
YHUVFKLHGHQH$UWHQYRQ.lVHJHOEHUJUQPDUPRULHUWHUXQGZHL‰HU
VLFKWEDU(VIHKOWHQLFKWDQHLQHU)ODVFKH5RWZHLQZHOFKHYRUGHP
+DXVKHUUQVWDQGGHQQ*UQOLFKIUKVWFNWHZDUP
0LW IULVFK IULVLHUWHQ )DYRULV XQG HLQHP *HVLFKW GDV XP GLHVH
0RUJHQVWXQGH EHVRQGHUV URVLJ HUVFKLHQ VD‰ HU GHQ 5FNHQ GHP
6DORQ]XJHZDQGWIHUWLJDQJHNOHLGHWLQVFKZDU]HP5RFNXQGKHOOHQ
JUR‰NDULHUWHQ%HLQNOHLGHUQXQGYHUVSHLVWHQDFKHQJOLVFKHU6LWWHHLQ
OHLFKW JHEUDWHQHV .RWHOHWW 6HLQH *DWWLQ IDQG GLHV ]ZDU YRUQHKP
DX‰HUGHP DEHU DXFK LQ VR KRKHP *UDGH ZLGHUOLFK GD‰ VLH VLFK
QLHPDOV KDWWH HQWVFKOLH‰HQ N|QQHQ LKU JHZRKQWHV %URW XQG
(LIUKVWFNGDJHJHQHLQ]XWDXVFKHQ
7RQ\ ZDU LP 6FKODIURFN VLH VFKZlUPWH IU 6FKODIU|FNH 1LFKWV
HUVFKLHQLKUYRUQHKPHUDOVHLQHOHJDQWHV1HJOLJHXQGGDVLHVLFKLP
(OWHUQKDXVHGLHVHU/HLGHQVFKDIWQLFKWKDWWHEHUODVVHQGUIHQIU|QWH
VLHLKUQXQDOVYHUKHLUDWHWH)UDXGHVWRHLIULJHU6LHEHVD‰GUHLGLHVHU
VFKPLHJVDPHQ XQG ]DUWHQ .OHLGXQJVVWFNH EHL GHUHQ +HUVWHOOXQJ
PHKU*HVFKPDFN5DIILQHPHQWXQG3KDQWDVLHHQWIDOWHWZHUGHQNDQQ
DOV EHL HLQHU %DOOWRLOHWWH +HXWH DEHU WUXJ VLH GDV GXQNHOURWH
0RUJHQNOHLGGHVVHQ)DUEHJHQDXPLWGHP7RQHGHU7DSHWHEHUGHU
+RO]WlIHOXQJ EHUHLQVWLPPWH XQG GHVVHQ JUR‰JHEOPWHU 6WRII
ZHLFKHU DOV :DWWH EHUDOO PLW HLQHP 6SUKUHJHQ JDQ] ZLQ]LJHU
*ODVSHUOFKHQYRQGHUVHOEHQ)lUEXQJGXUFKZLUNWZDU«(LQHJHUDGH
XQGGLFKWH5HLKHYRQURWHQ6DPPHWVFKOHLIHQOLHIYRP+DOVYHUVFKOX‰
ELV]XP6DXPHKLQXQWHU
,KU VWDUNHV DVFKEORQGHV +DDU PLW HLQHU GXQNHOURWHQ
6DPPHWVFKOHLIH JHVFKPFNW ZDU EHU GHU 6WLUQ JHORFNW 2EJOHLFK
ZLH VLH VHOEVW ZRKO ZX‰WH LKU bX‰HUHV VHLQHQ +|KHSXQNW EHUHLWV


HUUHLFKW KDWWH ZDU GHU NLQGOLFKH QDLYH XQG NHFNH $XVGUXFN LKUHU
HWZDV KHUYRUVWHKHQGHQ 2EHUOLSSH GHUVHOEH JHEOLHEHQ ZLH HKHPDOV
'LH/LGHULKUHUJUDXEODXHQ$XJHQZDUHQYRPNDOWHQ:DVVHUJHU|WHW
,KUH +lQGH GLH ZHL‰HQ HLQ ZHQLJ NXU]HQ DEHU IHLQJHJOLHGHUWHQ
+lQGH GHU %XGGHQEURRNV GHUHQ ]DUWH *HOHQNH YRQ GHQ
6DPPHWUHYHUV GHU bUPHO ZHLFK XPVFKORVVHQ ZXUGHQ KDQGKDEWHQ
0HVVHU /|IIHO XQG 7DVVH PLW %HZHJXQJHQ GLH KHXWH DXV
LUJHQGHLQHP*UXQGHHLQZHQLJDEUXSWXQGKDVWLJZDUHQ
1HEHQ LKU LQ HLQHP WXUPDUWLJHQ .LQGHUVWXKO XQG EHNOHLGHW PLW
HLQHP DXV GLFNHU KHOOEODXHU :ROOH JHVWULFNWHQ IRUPORVHQ XQG
GUROOLJHQ 5|FNFKHQ VD‰ GLH NOHLQH (ULND HLQ ZRKOJHQlKUWHV .LQG
PLWNXU]HQKHOOEORQGHQ/RFNHQ6LHKLHOWPLWEHLGHQ+lQGFKHQHLQH
JUR‰H7DVVHXPNODPPHUWLQGHULKU*HVLFKWFKHQY|OOLJYHUVFKZDQG
XQG VFKOXFNWHLKUH0LOFKLQGHP VLHKLHXQG GD NOHLQH KLQJHEHQGH
6HXI]HUYHUQHKPHQOLH‰
+LHUDXI NOLQJHOWH )UDX *UQOLFK XQG 7KLQND GDV )ROJPlGFKHQ
WUDWYRP.RUULGRUHLQXPGDV.LQGDXVGHP7XUP]XKHEHQXQGHV
KLQDXILQGLH6SLHOVWXEH]XWUDJHQ
ª'X NDQQVW VLH HLQH KDOEH 6WXQGH GUDX‰HQ VSD]LHUHQIDKUHQ
7KLQND©VDJWH7RQ\ª$EHUQLFKWOlQJHUXQGLQGHUGLFNHUHQ-DFNH
K|UVW GX"« (V QHEHOW© 6LH EOLHE PLW LKUHP *DWWHQ DOOHLQ ª'X
PDFKVW GLFK MD OlFKHUOLFK© VDJWH VLH QDFK HLQLJHP 6WLOOVFKZHLJHQ
LQGHP VLH HUVLFKWOLFK HLQ XQWHUEURFKHQHV *HVSUlFK ZLHGHU
DXIQDKP« ª+DVW GX *HJHQJUQGH" *LE GRFK *HJHQJUQGH DQ«
,FKNDQQPLFKQLFKWLPPHUXPGDV.LQGEHNPPHUQ«©
ª'XELVWQLFKWNLQGHUOLHE$QWRQLH©
ª.LQGHUOLHE« NLQGHUOLHE« (V IHKOW PLU DQ =HLW 'HU +DXVKDOW
QLPPWPLFKLQ$QVSUXFK,FKZDFKHPLW]ZDQ]LJ*HGDQNHQDXIGLH
WDJVEHU DXV]XIKUHQ VLQG XQG JHKH PLW YLHU]LJ ]X %HWW GLH QRFK
QLFKWDXVJHIKUWVLQG«©
ª(VVLQG]ZHL0lGFKHQGD(LQHVRMXQJH)UDX«©
ª=ZHL 0lGFKHQ JXW 7KLQND KDW DE]XZDVFKHQ ]X SXW]HQ
UHLQ]XPDFKHQ ]X EHGLHQHQ 'LH .|FKLQ LVW EHU XQG EHU
EHVFKlIWLJW'XL‰WVFKRQDPIUKHQ0RUJHQ.RWHOHWWV«'HQNHGRFK
QDFK *UQOLFK (ULND PX‰ EHU NXU] RGHU ODQJ MHGHQIDOOV HLQH
%RQQHHLQH(U]LHKHULQKDEHQ«©


ª(V HQWVSULFKW QLFKW XQVHUHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVHQ LKU VFKRQ MHW]W HLQ
HLJHQHV.LQGHUPlGFKHQ]XKDOWHQ©
ª8QVHUHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVHQ« 2 *RWW GX PDFKVW GLFK OlFKHUOLFK
6LQGZLUGHQQ%HWWOHU"6LQGZLUJH]ZXQJHQXQV GDV 1RWZHQGLJVWH
DEJHKHQ ]X ODVVHQ" 0HLQHV :LVVHQV KDEH LFK GLU DFKW]LJWDXVHQG
0DUNLQGLH(KHJHEUDFKW«©
ª$FKPLWGHLQHQDFKW]LJWDXVHQG©
ª*HZL‰« 'X VSULFKVW JHULQJVFKlW]LJ GDYRQ« (V NDP GLU QLFKW
GDUDXIDQ«'XKDVWPLFKDXV/LHEHJHKHLUDWHW«*XW$EHUOLHEVWGX
PLFK EHUKDXSW QRFK" 'X JHKVW EHU PHLQH EHUHFKWLJWHQ :QVFKH
KLQZHJ'DV.LQGVROONHLQ0lGFKHQKDEHQ«9RQGHP&RXSHGDV
XQVQ|WLJLVWZLHGDVWlJOLFKH%URWLVWEHUKDXSWNHLQH5HGHPHKU«
:DUXPOl‰WGXXQVGDQQEHVWlQGLJDXIGHP/DQGHZRKQHQZHQQHV
XQVHUHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVHQ QLFKW HQWVSULFKW HLQHQ :DJHQ ]X KDOWHQ LQ
GHP ZLU DQVWlQGLJHUZHLVH LQ *HVHOOVFKDIW IDKUHQ N|QQHQ" :DUXP
VLHKVW GX HV QLHPDOV JHUQ GD‰ LFK LQ GLH 6WDGW NRPPH"« $P
OLHEVWHQ P|FKWHVW GX GD‰ ZLU XQV KLHU HLQ IU DOOH 0DOH YHUJUEHQ
XQG GD‰ LFK NHLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ PHKU ]X *HVLFKW EHNlPH 'X ELVW
VDXHUW|SILJ©
+HUU*UQOLFKJR‰VLFK5RWZHLQLQV*ODVHUKREGLH.ULVWDOOJORFNH
XQGJLQJ]XP.lVHEHU(UDQWZRUWHWHGXUFKDXVQLFKW
ª/LHEVW GX PLFK EHUKDXSW QRFK"© ZLHGHUKROWH 7RQ\« ª'HLQ
6FKZHLJHQ LVW VR XQJH]RJHQ GD‰ LFK PLU VHKU ZRKO HUODXEHQ GDUI
GLFK DQ HLQHQ JHZLVVHQ $XIWULWW LQ XQVHUHP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU ]X
HULQQHUQ« 'DPDOV PDFKWHVW GX HLQH DQGHUH )LJXU« 9RP HUVWHQ
7DJH DQKDVW GX QXU DEHQGV EHL PLU JHVHVVHQ XQG GDV QXU XP GLH
=HLWXQJ ]X OHVHQ $QIDQJV QDKPVW GX ZHQLJVWHQV HLQLJH 5FNVLFKW
DXIPHLQH:QVFKH$EHUVHLWODQJHU=HLWLVWHVDXFKGDPLW]X(QGH
'XYHUQDFKOlVVLJVWPLFK©
ª8QGGX"'XUXLQLHUVWPLFK©
ª,FK"«,FKUXLQLHUHGLFK«©
ª-D 'X UXLQLHUVW PLFK PLW GHLQHU 7UlJKHLW GHLQHU 6XFKW QDFK
%HGLHQXQJXQG$XIZDQG«©
ª2K ZLUI PLU QLFKW PHLQH JXWH (U]LHKXQJ YRU ,FK KDEH EHL
PHLQHQ(OWHUQQLFKWQ|WLJJHKDEWHLQHQ)LQJHU]XUKUHQ-HW]WKDEH


LFK PLFK PKVDP LQ GHQ +DXVKDOW HLQOHEHQ PVVHQ DEHU LFK NDQQ
YHUODQJHQGD‰GXPLUQLFKWGLHHLQIDFKVWHQ+LOIVPLWWHOYHUZHLJHUVW
9DWHU LVW HLQ UHLFKHU 0DQQ HU NRQQWH QLFKW HUZDUWHQ GD‰ HV PLU
MHPDOVDQ3HUVRQDOIHKOHQZUGH«©
ª'DQQ ZDUWH PLW GHP GULWWHQ 0lGFKHQ ELV GLHVHU 5HLFKWXP XQV
HWZDVQW]W©
ª:LOOVW GX HWZD 9DWHUV 7RG ZQVFKHQ"« ,FK VDJH GD‰ ZLU
YHUP|JHQGH /HXWH VLQG GD‰ LFK QLFKW PLW OHHUHQ +lQGHQ ]X GLU
JHNRPPHQELQ«©
2EJOHLFK +HUU *UQOLFK LP .DXHQ EHJULIIHQ ZDU OlFKHOWH HU HU
OlFKHOWHEHUOHJHQZHKPWLJXQGVFKZHLJHQG'LHVYHUZLUUWH7RQ\
ª*UQOLFK© VDJWH VLH UXKLJHU« ª'X OlFKHOVW GX VSULFKVW YRQ
XQVHUHQ9HUKlOWQLVVHQ«7lXVFKHLFK PLFK EHU GLH /DJH" +DVW GX
VFKOHFKWH*HVFKlIWHJHPDFKW"+DVWGX«©
,Q GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN JHVFKDK HLQ .ORSIHQ HLQ NXU]HU
7URPPHOZLUEHO JHJHQ GLH .RUULGRUWU XQG +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU WUDW
HLQ

6HFKVWHV.DSLWHO

+HUU .HVVHOPH\HU NDP DOV +DXVIUHXQG XQDQJHPHOGHW RKQH +XW


XQG3DOHWRWLQGLH6WXEHXQGEOLHEDQGHU7UHVWHKHQ6HLQbX‰HUHV
HQWVSUDFKGXUFKDXVGHU %HVFKUHLEXQJ GLH7RQ\ LQ HLQHP %ULHIH DQ
LKUH 0XWWHU GDYRQ JHPDFKW KDWWH (U ZDU YRQ OHLFKW XQWHUVHW]WHU
*HVWDOW XQG ZHGHU GLFN QRFK GQQ (U WUXJ HLQHQ VFKZDU]HQ XQG
VFKRQHWZDVEODQNHQ5RFNHEHQVROFKH%HLQNOHLGHUGLHHQJXQGNXU]
ZDUHQ XQG HLQH ZHL‰H :HVWH DXI GHU VLFK HLQH ODQJH GQQH
8KUNHWWH PLW ]ZHL RGHU GUHL .QHLIHUVFKQUHQ NUHX]WH 9RQ VHLQHP
URWHQ*HVLFKWKREVLFKVFKDUIGHUJHVFKRUHQHZHL‰H%DFNHQEDUWDE
GHUGLH:DQJHQEHGHFNWHXQG.LQQXQG/LSSHQIUHLOLH‰6HLQ0XQG
ZDU NOHLQ EHZHJOLFK GUROOLJ XQG HQWKLHOW OHGLJOLFK LP 8QWHUNLHIHU
]ZHL =lKQH :lKUHQG +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU GLH +lQGH LQ VHLQHQ
VHQNUHFKWHQ +RVHQWDVFKHQ YHUJUDEHQ NRQIXV DEZHVHQG XQG


QDFKGHQNOLFK VWHKHQEOLHE VHW]WH HU GLHVH EHLGHQ JHOEHQ
NHJHOI|UPLJHQ (FN]lKQH DXI GLH 2EHUOLSSH 'LH ZHL‰HQ XQG
VFKZDU]HQ )ODXPIHGHUQ DXI VHLQHP .RSIH IODWWHUWHQ OHLVH REJOHLFK
QLFKWGHUJHULQJVWH/XIWKDXFKIKOEDUZDU
(QGOLFK]RJHUGLH+lQGHKHUYRUEFNWHVLFKOLH‰GLH8QWHUOLSSH
KlQJHQXQGEHIUHLWH PKVHOLJ HLQ.QHLIHUEDQG DXV GHU DOOJHPHLQHQ
9HUZLFNOXQJ DXI VHLQHU %UXVW 'DQQ KLHE HU VLFK GDV 3LQFHQH] PLW
HLQHP6FKODJDXIGLH1DVHZREHLHUGLHDEHQWHXHUOLFKVWH*ULPDVVH
VFKQLWWPXVWHUWHGDV(KHSDDUXQGEHPHUNWHª$KDK©
(V LVW GD HU GLHVH 5HGHZHQGXQJ DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK RIW JHEUDXFKWH
VRIRUW ]X EHPHUNHQ GD‰ HU VLH LQ VHKU YHUVFKLHGHQHU XQG VHKU
HLJHQDUWLJHU :HLVH KHUYRU]XEULQJHQ SIOHJWH (U NRQQWH VLH PLW
]XUFNJHOHJWHP .RSI NUDXVJH]RJHQHU 1DVH ZHLW RIIHQHP 0XQGH
XQGLQGHU/XIWXPKHUIXFKWHOQGHQ+lQGHQPLWHLQHPODQJJH]RJHQHQ
QDVDOHQXQGPHWDOOLVFKHQ.ODQJHHUW|QHQODVVHQGHUDQGHQ*HVDQJ
HLQHVFKLQHVLVFKHQ*RQJVHULQQHUWH«XQGHUNRQQWHVLHDQGHUHUVHLWV
XQG DEJHVHKHQ YRQ YLHOHQ 1XDQFHQ JDQ] NXU] EHLOlXILJ XQG VDQIW
EHLVHLWHZHUIHQZDVVLFKYLHOOHLFKWQRFKGUROOLJHUDXVQDKPGHQQHU
VSUDFK HLQ VHKU JHWUEWHV XQG QlVHOQGHV D +HXWH OLH‰ HU HLQ
IOFKWLJHV KHLWHUHV XQG YRQ HLQHP NOHLQHQ NUDPSIKDIWHQ
.RSIVFKWWHOQEHJOHLWHWHVª$KDK©YHUODXWHQGDVDXVHLQHUXQJHKHXHU
IU|KOLFKHQ *HPWVVWLPPXQJ KHUYRU]XJHKHQ VFKLHQ« XQG GRFK
GXUIWHGHPQLFKWJHWUDXWZHUGHQGHQQHVEHVWDQGGLH7DWVDFKHGD‰
GHU %DQNLHU .HVVHOPH\HU VLFK GHVWR OXVWLJHU EHQDKP LQ MH
JHIlKUOLFKHUHU /DXQH HU VLFK EHIDQG :HQQ HU PLW WDXVHQG ¾$KDKV½
XPKHUVSUDQJGHQ.QHLIHUDXIGLH1DVHKLHEXQGZLHGHUIDOOHQOLH‰
PLW GHQ $UPHQ IODWWHUWH VFKZDW]WH XQG VLFK YRU EHUPl‰LJHU
$OEHUQKHLW HUVLFKWOLFK QLFKW ]X ODVVHQ ZX‰WH VR NRQQWH PDQ VLFKHU
VHLQGD‰GLH%RVKHLWDQVHLQHP,QQHUHQ]HKUWH«
+HUU*UQOLFKVDKLKQEOLQ]HOQGXQGPLWXQYHUKRKOHQHP0L‰WUDXHQ
DQª6FKRQVRIUK"©IUDJWHHU«
ª-DKD«©DQWZRUWHWH+HUU.HVVHOPH\HUXQGVFKWWHOWHHLQHVHLQHU
NOHLQHQ URWHQ UXQ]OLJHQ +lQGH LQ GHU /XIW DOV ZROOWH HU VDJHQ
*HGXOGHGLFKQXUHVJLEWHLQHhEHUUDVFKXQJǻ,FKKDEHPLW,KQHQ
]XUHGHQ8QYHU]JOLFK]XUHGHQPLW,KQHQPHLQ/LHEHU©(UVSUDFK
K|FKVWOlFKHUOLFK(UZlO]WHMHGHV:RUWLP0XQGHXPKHUXQGJDEHV
PLW XQVLQQLJHP .UDIWDXIZDQG VHLQHV NOHLQHQ ]DKQDUPHQ


EHZHJOLFKHQ0XQGHVYRQVLFK'DVUUROOWHHULQHLQHU:HLVHDOVVHL
VHLQ *DXPHQ JHIHWWHW +HUUQ *UQOLFKV %OLQ]HOQ ZXUGH QRFK
PL‰WUDXLVFKHU
ª.RPPHQ 6LH KHU +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU© VDJWH 7RQ\ ª6HW]HQ 6LH
VLFKKLQ(VLVWKEVFKGD‰6LHNRPPHQ«3DVVHQ6LHPDODXI6LH
VROOHQ 6FKLHGVULFKWHU VHLQ ,FK KDEH HEHQ HLQHQ 6WUHLW PLW *UQOLFK
JHKDEW« 1XQ VDJHQ 6LH PDO 0X‰ HLQ GUHLMlKULJHV .LQG HLQ
.LQGHUPlGFKHQKDEHQRGHUQLFKW1XQ"«©
$OOHLQ +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU VFKLHQ JDU QLFKW DXI VLH ]X DFKWHQ (U
KDWWH 3ODW] JHQRPPHQ NUDXWH LQGHP HU VHLQHQ ZLQ]LJHQ 0XQG VR
ZHLW ZLH QXU LPPHU P|JOLFK |IIQHWH XQG GLH 1DVH LQ )DOWHQ OHJWH
PLW HLQHP =HLJHILQJHU VHLQHQ JHVFKRUHQHQ %DFNHQEDUW ZDV HLQ
QHUY|VPDFKHQGHV*HUlXVFKHUJDEXQGPXVWHUWHEHUGDV3LQFHQH]
KLQZHJ PLW XQVlJOLFK IU|KOLFKHU 0LHQH GHQ HOHJDQWHQ
)UKVWFNVWLVFK GHQ VLOEHUQHQ %URWNRUE GLH (WLNHWWH GHU
5RWZHLQIODVFKH«
ª1lPOLFK©IXKU7RQ\IRUWª*UQOLFKEHKDXSWHWLFKUXLQLHUHLKQ©
+LHUEOLFNWH+HUU.HVVHOPH\HUVLHDQ«XQGGDQQEOLFNWHHU+HUUQ
*UQOLFK DQ« XQG GDQQ EUDFK HU LQ HLQ XQHUK|UWHV *HOlFKWHU DXV
ª6LHUXLQLHUHQLKQ«"©ULHIHUª6LH«UXLQ«6LH«6LHUXLQLHUHQLKQ
DOVR"«2*RWW$FK*RWW'XOLHEH=HLW«'DVLVWVSD‰KDIW«'DV
LVWK|FKVW K|FKVW K|FKVW VSD‰KDIW© :RUDXI HU VLFK HLQHU )OXW YRQ
XQWHUVFKLHGOLFKHQ¾$KDKV½EHUOLH‰
+HUU*UQOLFKUFNWHVLFKWOLFKQHUY|VDXIVHLQHP6WXKOKLQXQGKHU
$EZHFKVHOQG IXKU HU PLW VHLQHP ODQJHQ =HLJHILQJHU ]ZLVFKHQ
.UDJHQXQG+DOVXQGOLH‰KDVWLJVHLQHJROGJHOEHQ)DYRULVGXUFKGLH
+lQGH JOHLWHQ« ª.HVVHOPH\HU© VDJWH HU ª)DVVHQ 6LH VLFK GRFK
6LQG 6LH YRQ 6LQQHQ" +|UHQ 6LH GRFK DXI ]X ODFKHQ :ROOHQ 6LH
:HLQ KDEHQ" :ROOHQ 6LH HLQH =LJDUUH KDEHQ" :RUEHU ODFKHQ 6LH
HLJHQWOLFK"©
ª:RUEHULFKODFKH"-DJHEHQ6LHPLUHLQ*ODV:HLQJHEHQ6LH
PLUHLQH=LJDUUH«:RUEHULFKODFKH"6LHILQGHQDOVRGD‰,KUH)UDX
*HPDKOLQ6LHUXLQLHUW"©
ª6LHLVWDOO]XOX[XUL|VYHUDQODJW©VDJWH+HUU*UQOLFKlUJHUOLFK
7RQ\ EHVWULWW GLHV GXUFKDXV QLFKW *DQ] UXKLJ ]XUFNJHOHKQW GLH
+lQGH LP 6FKR‰H DXI GHQ 6DPPHWVFKOHLIHQ LKUHV 6FKODIURFNHV


VDJWH VLH PLW NHFN KHUYRUJHVFKREHQHU 2EHUOLSSH ª-D« 6R ELQ LFK
HLQPDO 'DV LVW NODU ,FK KDEH HV YRQ 0DPD $OOH .U|JHUV KDEHQ
LPPHU+DQJ]XP/X[XVJHKDEW©
6LH ZUGH PLW GHU JOHLFKHQ 5XKH HUNOlUW KDEHQ GD‰ VLH
OHLFKWVLQQLJ MlK]RUQLJ UDFKVFKWLJ VHL ,KU DXVJHSUlJWHU
)DPLOLHQVLQQ HQWIUHPGHWH VLH QDKH]X GHQ %HJULIIHQ GHV IUHLHQ
:LOOHQV XQG GHU 6HOEVWEHVWLPPXQJ XQG PDFKWH GD‰ VLH PLW HLQHP
EHLQDKH IDWDOLVWLVFKHQ *OHLFKPXW LKUH (LJHQVFKDIWHQ IHVWVWHOOWH XQG
DQHUNDQQWH« RKQH 8QWHUVFKLHG XQG RKQH GHQ 9HUVXFK VLH ]X
NRUULJLHUHQ 6LH ZDU RKQH HV VHOEVW ]X ZLVVHQ GHU 0HLQXQJ GD‰
MHGH (LJHQVFKDIW JOHLFKYLHO ZHOFKHU $UW HLQ (UEVWFN HLQH
)DPLOLHQWUDGLWLRQ EHGHXWH XQG IROJOLFK HWZDV (KUZUGLJHV VHL
ZRYRUPDQLQMHGHP)DOOH5HVSHNWKDEHQPVVH
+HUU *UQOLFK KDWWH IHUWLJ JHIUKVWFNW XQG GHU 'XIW GHU EHLGHQ
=LJDUUHQ YHUPLVFKWH VLFK PLW GHP ZDUPHQ 2IHQGXQVW ª+DEHQ 6LH
/XIW .HVVHOPH\HU"© IUDJWH GHU +DXVKHUU« ª1HKPHQ 6LH HLQH
DQGHUH,FKVFKHQNH,KQHQQRFKHLQ*ODV5RWZHLQHLQ6LHZROOHQ
DOVR PLW PLU UHGHQ" ,VW HV HLOLJ" 9RQ %HODQJ"« )LQGHQ 6LH HV
YLHOOHLFKW ]X ZDUP KLHU"« :LU IDKUHQ QDFKKHU ]XVDPPHQ ]XU
6WDGW« ,P 5DXFK]LPPHU LVW HV EULJHQV NKOHU«© $EHU ]X DOOHQ
GLHVHQ %HPKXQJHQ VFKWWHOWH +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU OHGLJOLFK HLQH
+DQG LQ GHU /XIW DOV ZROOWH HU VDJHQ 'DV IKUW ]X QLFKWV PHLQ
/LHEHU
(QGOLFK HUKRE PDQ VLFK XQG ZlKUHQG 7RQ\ LP 6SHLVH]LPPHU
YHUEOLHE XP GDV )ROJPlGFKHQ EHLP $EGHFNHQ ]X EHUZDFKHQ
IKUWH +HUU *UQOLFK VHLQHQ *HVFKlIWVIUHXQG GXUFK GDV
3HQVHH]LPPHU ,QGHP HU GLH 6SLW]H VHLQHV OLQNHQ %DFNHQEDUWHV
QDFKGHQNOLFK ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ )LQJHUQ GUHKWH VFKULWW HU JHQHLJWHQ
+DXSWHV YRUDQ PLW GHQ $UPHQ UXGHUQG YHUVFKZDQG +HUU
.HVVHOPH\HUKLQWHULKPLP5DXFK]LPPHU
=HKQ0LQXWHQYHUVWULFKHQ7RQ\KDWWHVLFKDXIHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNLQ
GHQ 6DORQ EHJHEHQ XP SHUV|QOLFK PLW HLQHP EXQWHQ )HGHUEVFKHO
EHU GLH JOlQ]HQGH 1X‰KRO]SODWWH GHV ZLQ]LJHQ 6HNUHWlUV XQG GLH
JHVFKZHLIWHQ %HLQH GHV 7LVFKHV ]X IDKUHQ XQG JLQJ QXQ ODQJVDP
GXUFKGDV(‰]LPPHULQV:RKQJHPDFKKLQEHU6LHVFKULWWUXKLJXQG
PLW XQYHUNHQQEDUHU :UGH 'HPRLVHOOH %XGGHQEURRN KDWWH DOV
0DGDPH*UQOLFKHUVLFKWOLFKDQ6HOEVWEHZX‰WVHLQQLFKWVHLQJHE‰W


6LHKLHOWVLFKEHUDXVDXIUHFKWGUFNWHGDV.LQQ HLQ ZHQLJ DXIGLH
%UXVWXQGEHWUDFKWHWHGLH'LQJHYRQREHQKHUDE,QGHUHLQHQ+DQG
GHQ ]LHUOLFKHQ ODFNLHUWHQ 6FKOVVHONRUE GLH DQGHUH OHLFKWKLQ LQ GLH
6HLWHQWDVFKHLKUHVGXQNHOURWHQ6FKODIURFNHVJHVFKREHQOLH‰VLHVLFK
HUQVWKDIWYRQGHQODQJHQZHLFKHQ)DOWHQXPVSLHOHQZlKUHQGGRFK
GHUQDLYHXQGXQZLVVHQGH$XVGUXFNLKUHV0XQGHVYHUULHWGD‰GLHVH
JDQ]H :UGH HWZDV XQHQGOLFK .LQGOLFKHV +DUPORVHV XQG
6SLHOHULVFKHVZDU
,P 3HQVHH]LPPHU EHZHJWH VLH VLFK PLW GHU NOHLQHQ PHVVLQJQHQ
%UDXVHXPKHUXPGLHVFKZDU]H(UGHGHU%ODWWJHZlFKVH]XWUlQNHQ
6LH OLHEWH LKUH 3DOPHQ VHKU GLH VR SUDFKWYROO ]XU 9RUQHKPKHLW GHU
:RKQXQJ EHLWUXJHQ 6LH EHWDVWHWH EHKXWVDP HLQHQ MXQJHQ 7ULHE DQ
HLQHP GHU GLFNHQ UXQGHQ 6FKlIWH SUIWH ]lUWOLFK GLH PDMHVWlWLVFK
HQWIDOWHWHQ)lFKHUXQGHQWIHUQWHKLHXQGGDHLQHJHOEH6SLW]HPLWGHU
6FKHUH« 3O|W]OLFK KRUFKWH VLH DXI 'LH 8QWHUUHGXQJ LP
5DXFK]LPPHU GLH VFKRQ VHLW PHKUHUHQ 0LQXWHQ HLQHQ OHEKDIWHQ
.ODQJDQJHQRPPHQKDWWHZDUGMHW]WVRODXWGD‰ PDQ KLHU GULQQHQ
MHGHV:RUWYHUVWDQGREJOHLFKGLH7UHVWDUNXQGGLH3RUWLHUHVFKZHU
ZDU
ª6FKUHLHQ 6LH GRFK QLFKW VR 0l‰LJHQ 6LH VLFK GRFK *RWW LP
+LPPHO© K|UWH PDQ +HUUQ *UQOLFK UXIHQ GHVVHQ ZHLFKH 6WLPPH
GLHhEHUDQVWUHQJXQJQLFKWYHUWUDJHQNRQQWHXQGVLFKGDKHUTXLHNHQG
EHUVFKOXJ«ª1HKPHQ6LHGRFKQRFKHLQH=LJDUUH©VHW]WHHUGDQQ
PLWYHU]ZHLIHOWHU0LOGHKLQ]X
ª-D PLW GHP JU|‰HVWHQ 9HUJQJHQ GDQNH VHKU© DQWZRUWHWH GHU
%DQNLHUZRUDXIHLQH3DXVHHLQWUDWZlKUHQGGHUHU+HUU.HVVHOPH\HU
VLFKZRKOEHGLHQWH+LHUDXIVDJWHHUª.XU]XQGJXWZROOHQ6LHQXQ
RGHUZROOHQ6LHQLFKWHLQVYRQEHLGHP©
ª.HVVHOPH\HUSURORQJLHUHQ6LH©
ª$KDK" 1DQHLQ QHLQ PHLQ /LHEHU NHLQHVZHJV GDYRQ LVW
EHUKDXSWQLFKWGLH5HGH«©
ª:DUXP QLFKW" :DV ILFKW 6LH DQ" 6HLHQ 6LH GRFK YHUVWlQGLJ XP
GHV+LPPHOVZLOOHQ+DEHQ6LHVRODQJHJHZDUWHW«©
ª.HLQHQ 7DJ OlQJHU PHLQ /LHEHU -D VDJHQ ZLU DFKW 7DJH DEHU
NHLQH6WXQGHOlQJHU9HUOl‰WVLFKGHQQQRFKLUJHQGMHPDQGDXI«©
ª.HLQHQ1DPHQ.HVVHOPH\HU©


ª.HLQHQ 1DPHQ« VFK|Q 9HUOl‰W VLFK QRFK LUJHQG MHPDQG DXI
,KUHQZRKOO|EOLFKHQ+HUUQ6FKZ«©
ª.HLQH %H]HLFKQXQJ« $OOPlFKWLJHU *RWW VHLHQ 6LH GRFK QLFKW
DOEHUQ©
ª6FK|QNHLQH%H]HLFKQXQJ9HUOl‰WVLFKQRFKLUJHQGMHPDQGDXI
GLHEHZX‰WH)LUPDPLWGHU,KU.UHGLWVWHKWXQGIlOOWPHLQ/LHEHU"
:LHYLHO KDW VLH YHUORUHQ EHL GHP %DQNHURWW LQ %UHPHQ"
)QI]LJWDXVHQG"6LHE]LJWDXVHQG"+XQGHUWWDXVHQG"1RFKPHKU"'D‰
VLH HQJDJLHUW ZDU JDQ] XQJHKHXHU HQJDJLHUW ZDU GDV ZLVVHQ GLH
6SDW]HQ DXI GHQ 'lFKHUQ« 'HUJOHLFKHQ LVW 6WLPPXQJVVDFKH
*HVWHUQ ZDU« VFK|Q NHLQHQ 1DPHQ *HVWHUQ ZDU GLH EHZX‰WH
)LUPDJXWXQGVFKW]WH6LHXQEHZX‰WYROONRPPHQYRU%HGUlQJQLV«
+HXWHLVWVLHIODXXQG¾%*UQOLFK½LVWIOlXHUDPIOlXHVWHQ«GDVLVW
GRFK NODU" 0HUNHQ 6LH HV GHQQ QLFKW" 6LH VLQG GRFK GHU HUVWH GHU
VROFKH 6FKZDQNXQJHQ ]X IKOHQ KDW« :LH EHJHJQHW PDQ ,KQHQ
GHQQ":LHVLHKWPDQ6LHGHQQDQ"%RFNXQG*RXGVWLFNHUVLQGZRKO
XQJHKHXHU ]XYRUNRPPHQG XQG YHUWUDXHQVYROO" :LH EHQLPPW VLFK
GHQQGLH.UHGLWEDQN"©
ª6LHSURORQJLHUW©
ª$KDK" 6LH OJHQ MD" ,FK ZHL‰ MD GD‰ VLH ,KQHQ VFKRQ JHVWHUQ
HLQHQ 7ULWW YHUVHW]W KDW" (LQHQ K|FKVW DXIPXQWHUQGHQ 7ULWW"« 1XQ
VHKHQ6LHPDO«$EHUVFKlPHQ6LHVLFKQXUQLFKW(VOLHJWQDWUOLFK
LQ,KUHP,QWHUHVVHPLUZHLV]XPDFKHQGD‰GLHDQGHUHQQDFKZLHYRU
UXKLJ XQG VLFKHU VLQG« 1DQHLQ PHLQ /LHEHU 6FKUHLEHQ 6LH GHP
.RQVXO,FKZDUWHHLQH:RFKH©
ª(LQH$EVFKODJVVXPPH.HVVHOPH\HU©
ª$EVFKODJVVXPPH KHU XQG KLQ $EVFKODJVVXPPHQ Ol‰W PDQ VLFK
HUOHJHQ XP VLFK YRUGHUKDQG YRQ MHPDQGHV =DKOXQJVIlKLJNHLW ]X
EHU]HXJHQ +DEH LFK GDV %HGUIQLV GDUEHU ([SHULPHQWH
DQ]XVWHOOHQ" ,FK ZHL‰ GRFK ZXQGHUYROO %HVFKHLG ZLH HV PLW ,KUHU
=DKOXQJVIlKLJNHLWEHVWHOOWLVW+DDKDK«$EVFKODJVVXPPHILQGHLFK
K|FKVWK|FKVWVSD‰KDIW«©
ª0l‰LJHQ 6LH GRFK ,KUH 6WLPPH .HVVHOPH\HU /DFKHQ 6LH GRFK
QLFKWIRUWZlKUHQGVRJRWWYHUIOXFKW0HLQH/DJHLVWVRHUQVW«MDLFK
JHVWHKHVLH LVW HUQVW DEHU LFK KDEH VRXQGVR YLHOH *HVFKlIWH LQ GHU
6FKZHEH«$OOHVNDQQVLFK]XP*XWHQ ZHQGHQ +|UHQ 6LH SDVVHQ


6LH DXI 3URORQJLHUHQ 6LH XQG LFK XQWHUVFKUHLEH ,KQHQ ]ZDQ]LJ
3UR]HQW«©
ª1LFKWV GD QLFKWV GD« K|FKVW OlFKHUOLFK PHLQ /LHEHU 1DQHLQ
LFKELQHLQ)UHXQGGHV9HUNDXIV]XUUHFKWHQ=HLW6LHKDEHQPLUDFKW
3UR]HQWJHERWHQXQGLFKKDEHSURORQJLHUW6LHKDEHQPLU]Z|OIXQG
VHFK]HKQ3UR]HQWJHERWHQ XQG LFK KDEHMHGHVPDO SURORQJLHUW-HW]W
N|QQHQ 6LH PLU YLHU]LJ ELHWHQ XQG LFK ZUGH QLFKW GHQNHQ DQ
3URORQJDWLRQ QLFKW HLQPDO GDUDQ GHQNHQ PHLQ /LHEHU« 6HLW
¾*HEUGHU :HVWIDKO½ LQ %UHPHQ DXI GLH 1DVH ILHOHQ VXFKW IU GHQ
$XJHQEOLFN MHGHU VHLQH ,QWHUHVVHQ YRQ GHU EHZX‰WHQ )LUPD
DE]XZLFNHOQ XQG VLFK VLFKHU]XVWHOOHQ« :LH JHVDJW LFK ELQ IU
UHFKW]HLWLJHQ9HUNDXI,FKKDEH,KUH8QWHUVFKULIWHQEHKDOWHQVRODQJH
¾-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRN½]ZHLIHOORVJXWZDU«PLWWOHUZHLOHNRQQWHLFK
MD GLH UFNVWlQGLJHQ =LQVHQ ]XP .DSLWDOH VFKODJHQ XQG ,KQHQ GLH
3UR]HQWHVWHLJHUQ$EHUPDQEHKlOWHLQH6DFKHGRFKQXUVRODQJHDOV
VLH VWHLJW RGHU ZHQLJVWHQV VROLGH IHVWVWHKW« ZHQQ VLH DQIlQJW ]X
IDOOHQVRYHUNDXIWPDQ«ZLOOVDJHQLFKYHUODQJHPHLQ.DSLWDO©
ª.HVVHOPH\HU6LHVLQGVFKDPORV©
ª$DKDK¾VFKDPORV½ILQGHLFKK|FKVWVSD‰KDIW«:DVZROOHQ6LH
EHUKDXSW" 6LH PVVHQ VLFK MD VRZLHVR DQ ,KUHQ 6FKZLHJHUYDWHU
ZHQGHQ 'LH .UHGLWEDQN WREW XQG LP EULJHQ VLQG 6LH GRFK DXFK
QLFKWJHUDGHIOHFNHQORV«©
ª1HLQ.HVVHOPH\HU«LFKEHVFKZ|UH6LHK|UHQ6LHMHW]WPDOUXKLJ
]X«-DLFKELQRIIHQLFKJHVWHKH,KQHQXQXPZXQGHQPHLQH/DJH
LVWHUQVW6LHXQGGLH.UHGLWEDQNVLQGMDQLFKWGLHHLQ]LJHQ«(VVLQG
PLU :HFKVHO YRUJHOHJW ZRUGHQ« $OOHV VFKHLQW VLFK YHUDEUHGHW ]X
KDEHQ«©
ª6HOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFK 8QWHU GLHVHQ 8PVWlQGHQ« $EHU GD LVW HV
GRFKHLQ$XIZDVFKHQ«©
ª1HLQ .HVVHOPH\HU K|UHQ 6LH PLFK DQ«7XQ 6LH PLU GRFK GLH
/LHEHQRFKHLQH=LJDUUH]XQHKPHQ«©
ª,FK ELQ MD PLW GLHVHU QRFK QLFKW ]XU +lOIWH IHUWLJ" /DVVHQ 6LH
PLFKPLW,KUHQ=LJDUUHQLQ5XKH%H]DKOHQ6LH«©
ª.HVVHOPH\HU ODVVHQ 6LH PLFK MHW]W QLFKW IDOOHQ« 6LH VLQG PHLQ
)UHXQG6LHKDEHQDQPHLQHP7LVFKHJHVHVVHQ«©


ª6LHYLHOOHLFKWQLFKWDQPHLQHPPHLQ/LHEHU"©
ª-DMD« DEHU NQGLJHQ 6LH PLU MHW]W ,KUHQ .UHGLW QLFKW
.HVVHOPH\HU«©
ª.UHGLW" .UHGLW DXFK QRFK" 6LQG 6LH HLJHQWOLFK EHL 7URVWH" (LQH
QHXH$QOHLKH«"©
ª-D.HVVHOPH\HULFKEHVFKZ|UH6LH«ZHQLJHLQH.OHLQLJNHLW«
,FK EUDXFKH QXU QDFK UHFKWV XQG OLQNV HLQ SDDU $XV XQG
$EVFKODJV]DKOXQJHQ]XPDFKHQXPPLUZLHGHU5HVSHNWXQG*HGXOG
]X YHUVFKDIIHQ« +DOWHQ 6LH PLFK XQG 6LH ZHUGHQ HLQ JUR‰HV
*HVFKlIW PDFKHQ :LH JHVDJW HLQH 0HQJH $QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ
EHILQGHQ VLFK LQ GHU 6FKZHEH« $OOHV ZLUG VLFK ]XP *XWHQ
ZHQGHQ«6LHZLVVHQLFKELQUHJHXQGILQGLJ«©
ª-DHLQ*HFNHLQ7DSVVLQG6LHPHLQ/LHEHU:ROOHQ6LHQLFKWGLH
EHUJUR‰H *WH KDEHQ PLU ]X VDJHQ ZDV 6LH MHW]W QRFK DXVILQGLJ
PDFKHQ ZROOHQ"« 9LHOOHLFKW LUJHQGZR LQ GHU ZHLWHQ :HOW HLQH
%DQNGLH,KQHQDXFKQXU HLQHQ 6LOEHUJURVFKHQ DXI GHQ 7LVFK OHJW"
2GHU QRFK HLQHQ 6FKZLHJHUYDWHU"« $FK QHLQ« ,KUHQ +DXSWFRXS
KDEHQ6LHGRFKZRKOKLQWHUVLFK'HUJOHLFKHQPDFKHQ6LHQLFKWQRFK
HLQPDO$OOH$FKWXQJ1DQHLQPHLQHK|FKVWH$QHUNHQQXQJ«©
ª6SUHFKHQ6LHGRFKOHLVHULQ7HXIHOV1DPHQ«©
ª(LQ *HFN VLQG 6LH 5HJH XQG ILQGLJ« MD DEHU LPPHU QXU
]XJXQVWHQ DQGHUHU /HXWH 6LH VLQG JDU QLFKW VNUXSXO|V XQG GRFK
KDEHQ 6LH QRFK QLHPDOV 9RUWHLOH GDYRQ JHKDEW 6LH KDEHQ
6SLW]EEHUHLHQEHJDQJHQ6LHKDEHQVLFK.DSLWDOHUJDXQHUWQXUXP
PLU VWDWW ]Z|OI 3UR]HQW VHFK]HKQ ]X ]DKOHQ 6LH KDEHQ ,KUH JDQ]H
(KUOLFKNHLWEHU%RUGJHZRUIHQRKQHGHQJHULQJVWHQ1XW]HQGDYRQ
]XKDEHQ6LHKDEHQHLQ*HZLVVHQZLHHLQ6FKODFKWHUKXQGXQGVLQG
GRFKHLQ3HFKYRJHOHLQ7URSIHLQDUPHU1DUU(VJLEWVROFKH/HXWH
VLH VLQG K|FKVW K|FKVW VSD‰KDIW« :DUXP KDEHQ 6LH HLJHQWOLFK
VROFKH $QJVW VLFK HQGJOWLJ PLW GHU JDQ]HQ *HVFKLFKWH DQ GHQ
%HZX‰WHQ]XZHQGHQ":HLO6LHVLFKQLFKWJDQ]ZRKOGDEHLIKOHQ"
:HLO HV GDPDOV YRU YLHU -DKUHQ QLFKW DOOHV LQ 2UGQXQJ ZDU" QLFKW
DOOHVJDQ]VlXEHUOLFK]XJHJDQJHQLVWZLH")UFKWHQ6LHGD‰JHZLVVH
'LQJH«©
ª*XW .HVVHOPH\HU LFK ZHUGH VFKUHLEHQ $EHU ZHQQ HU VLFK
ZHLJHUW":HQQHUPLFKIDOOHQOl‰W"«©


ª2K«DKDK'DQQPDFKHQZLUHLQHQNOHLQHQ%DQNHURWWHLQK|FKVW
VSD‰KDIWHV%DQNHU|WWFKHQPHLQ/LHEHU'DVILFKWPLFKJDUQLFKWDQ
QLFKWLPDOOHUPLQGHVWHQ,FKSHUV|QOLFKELQGXUFKGLH=LQVHQGLH6LH
KLH XQG GD ]XVDPPHQJHNUDW]W KDEHQ VFKRQ XQJHIlKU DXI PHLQH
.RVWHQ JHNRPPHQ« XQG EHL GHU .RQNXUVPDVVH KDEH LFK GLH
9RUKDQG PHLQ 7HXUHU« 8QG SDVVHQ 6LH DXI LFK ZHUGH QLFKW ]X
NXU]NRPPHQ,FKZHL‰KLHU%HVFKHLGEHL,KQHQPHLQ9HUHKUWHU,FK
KDEHGLH,QYHQWDUDXIQDKPHVFKRQ]XPYRUDXVLQGHU7DVFKH«DKDK
LFKZHUGHVFKRQGDIUVRUJHQGD‰DXFKNHLQVLOEHUQHV%URWN|UEFKHQ
XQGNHLQ6FKODIURFNEHLVHLWHJHVFKDIIWZLUG«©
ª.HVVHOPH\HU6LHKDEHQDQPHLQHP7LVFKHJHVHVVHQ«©
ª/DVVHQ6LHPLFKPLW,KUHP7LVFKHLQ5XKH«,QDFKW7DJHQKROH
LFKPLU$QWZRUW,FKJHKH]XU6WDGWHLQEL‰FKHQ%HZHJXQJZLUGPLU
XQJHKHXHU JXWWXQ *XWHQ 0RUJHQ PHLQ /LHEHU )U|KOLFKHQ JXWHQ
0RUJHQ«©
8QG +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU VFKLHQ DXI]XEUHFKHQ MD HU JLQJ 0DQ
YHUQDKPVHLQHVRQGHUEDUHQVFKOUIHQGHQ6FKULWWHDXIGHP.RUULGRU
XQGVDKLKQLP*HLVWHPLWGHQ$UPHQUXGHUQ«
$OV +HUU *UQOLFK LQV 3HQVHH]LPPHU WUDW VWDQG 7RQ\ GRUW GLH
PHVVLQJQH%UDXVHLQGHU+DQGXQGEOLFNWHLKPLQGLH$XJHQ
ª:DVVWHKVWGX«ZDVVWDUUVWGX«©VDJWHHULQGHPHUGLH=lKQH
]HLJWHPLWGHQ+lQGHQYDJH%HZHJXQJHQLQGHU/XIWEHVFKULHEXQG
GHQ2EHUN|USHUKLQXQGKHUZLHJWH6HLQURVLJHV*HVLFKWEHVD‰QLFKW
GLH)lKLJNHLWY|OOLJEOHLFK]XZHUGHQ(VZDUURWJHIOHFNWZLHGDV
HLQHV6FKDUODFKNUDQNHQ

6LHEHQWHV.DSLWHO

'HU.RQVXO-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNWUDIQDFKPLWWDJVXP]ZHL8KULQ
GHU 9LOOD HLQ LP JUDXHQ 5HLVHPDQWHO EHWUDW HU GHQ 6DORQ GHU
*UQOLFKVXQGXPDUPWHPLWHLQHUJHZLVVHQVFKPHU]OLFKHQ,QQLJNHLW
VHLQH 7RFKWHU (U ZDU EOHLFK XQG VFKLHQ JHDOWHUW 6HLQH NOHLQHQ
$XJHQODJHQWLHILQGHQ+|KOHQVHLQH1DVHVSUDQJVFKDUIXQGJUR‰


]ZLVFKHQ GHQ HLQJHIDOOHQHQ:DQJHQ KHUYRU VHLQH /LSSHQ VFKLHQHQ
VFKPDOHU JHZRUGHQ ]X VHLQ XQGVHLQ %DUW GHQ HU QHXHUGLQJV QLFKW
PHKU DOV ]ZHL JHORFNWH 6WUHLIHQ WUXJ GLH YRQ GHQ 6FKOlIHQ ELV ]XU
0LWWHGHU:DQJHQOLHIHQVRQGHUQGHUKDOEYHUGHFNWYRQGHQVWHLIHQ
9DWHUP|UGHUQ XQG GHU KRKHQ +DOVELQGH XQWHUKDOE GHV .LQQHV XQG
GHU.LQQODGHQDQVHLQHP+DOVHZXFKVZDUVRVWDUNHUJUDXWZLHVHLQ
+DXSWKDDU
'HU .RQVXO KDWWH VFKZHUH XQG DXIUHLEHQGH 7DJH KLQWHU VLFK
7KRPDVZDUDQHLQHU/XQJHQEOXWXQJHUNUDQNWGXUFKHLQHQ%ULHIGHV
+HUUQ YDQ GHU .HOOHQ ZDU GHU 9DWHU YRQ GHP 8QJOFNVIDOOH
EHQDFKULFKWLJW ZRUGHQ (U KDWWH GLH *HVFKlIWH LQ GHQ EHGlFKWLJHQ
+lQGHQ VHLQHV 3URNXULVWHQ ]XUFNJHODVVHQ XQG ZDU DXI GHP
NU]HVWHQ:HJHQDFK$PVWHUGDPJHHLOW(VKDWWHVLFKHUZLHVHQGD‰
GLH (UNUDQNXQJ VHLQHV 6RKQHV NHLQH XQPLWWHOEDUH *HIDKU LQ VLFK
VFKOLH‰H GD‰ DEHU HLQH /XIWNXU LP 6GHQ LQ 6GIUDQNUHLFK
GULQJHQGUDWVDPVHLXQGGDHVVLFKJQVWLJJHWURIIHQKDWWHGD‰DXFK
IU GHQ MXQJHQ 6RKQ GHV 3ULQ]LSDOHV HLQH (UKROXQJVUHLVH JHSODQW
ZRUGHQ ZDU VR KDWWH HU GLH EHLGHQ MXQJHQ /HXWH VREDOG 7KRPDV
UHLVHIlKLJZDUJHPHLQVDPQDFK3DXDEUHLVHQODVVHQ
.DXP QDFK +DXVH ]XUFNJHNHKUW ZDU HU YRQ GLHVHP 6FKODJH
JHWURIIHQ ZRUGHQ GHU VHLQ +DXV IU HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN LQ VHLQHQ
*UXQGIHVWHQ HUVFKWWHUW KDWWH GLHVHP %DQNHURWWH LQ %UHPHQ EHL
ZHOFKHPHU¾DXIHLQHP%UHWW½DFKW]LJWDXVHQG0DUNYHUORUHQKDWWH«
ZRGXUFK" 'LH DXI ¾*HEU :HVWIDKO½ JH]RJHQHQ GLVNRQWLHUWHQ
:HFKVHOZDUHQGDGLH.lXIHULKUH=DKOXQJHQHLQJHVWHOOWKDWWHQDXI
GLH)LUPD]XUFNJHNRPPHQ1LFKWDOVRE'HFNXQJJHIHKOWKlWWHGLH
)LUPD KDWWH JH]HLJW ZDV VLH YHUPRFKWH VRIRUW RKQH =|JHUQ XQG
9HUOHJHQKHLW YHUPRFKWH 'LHV DEHU ZDU NHLQ +LQGHUQLV GDIU
JHZHVHQGD‰GHU.RQVXODOOGLHSO|W]OLFKH.lOWHGLH=XUFNKDOWXQJ
GDV 0L‰WUDXHQ DXV]XNRVWHQ EHNRPPHQ KDWWH ZHOFKHV HLQ VROFKHU
8QJOFNVIDOO HLQH VROFKH 6FKZlFKXQJ GHV %HWULHEVNDSLWDOV EHL
%DQNHQ EHL ¾)UHXQGHQ½ EHL )LUPHQ LP $XVODQGH KHUYRU]XUXIHQ
SIOHJW«
1XQ HU KDWWH VLFK DXIJHULFKWHW KDWWH DOOHV LQV $XJH JHID‰W
EHUXKLJWJHUHJHOWGLH6WLUQHJHERWHQ«'DDEHUPLWWHQLP.DPSI
PLWWHQXQWHU'HSHVFKHQ%ULHIHQ%HUHFKQXQJHQZDUQRFKGLHVEHU
LKQ KHUHLQJHEURFKHQ *UQOLFK ¾% *UQOLFK½ GHU 0DQQ VHLQHU


7RFKWHUZDU]DKOXQJVXQIlKLJXQGLQHLQHPODQJHQYHUZLUUWHQXQG
XQHQGOLFK NOlJOLFKHQ %ULHI HUEDW HUIOHKWH HUMDPPHUWH HU HLQH
$XVKLOIHYRQKXQGHUWELVKXQGHUW]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQG0DUN'HU.RQVXO
KDWWH NXU] REHUIOlFKOLFK XQG VFKRQHQG VHLQHU *DWWLQ 0LWWHLOXQJ
JHPDFKWKDWWHNDOWXQGXQYHUELQGOLFKJHDQWZRUWHWHUHUVXFKH+HUUQ
*UQOLFKLQ*HPHLQVFKDIWPLWGHPHUZlKQWHQ%DQNLHU.HVVHOPH\HU
XPHLQH8QWHUUHGXQJLP+DXVHGHVHUVWHUHQXQGZDUDEJHUHLVW
7RQ\ HPSILQJ LKQ LP 6DORQ 6LH VFKZlUPWH GDIU LQ GHP
EUDXQVHLGHQHQ 6DORQ %HVXFKH ]X HPSIDQJHQ XQG GD VLH RKQH
NODU]XVHKHQ HLQH GXUFKGULQJHQGH XQG IHLHUOLFKH (PSILQGXQJ YRQ
GHU:LFKWLJNHLW GHU JHJHQZlUWLJHQ /DJH KDWWH VR PDFKWH VLH KHXWH
DXFK PLW GHP 9DWHU NHLQH $XVQDKPH 6LH VDK ZRKO KEVFK XQG
HUQVWKDIW DXV XQG WUXJ HLQ KHOOJUDXHV DXI GHU %UXVW XQG DQ GHQ
+DQGJHOHQNHQPLW6SLW]HQEHVHW]WHV.OHLGPLW*ORFNHQlUPHOQVWDUN
JHVFKZHLIWHP 5HLIURFN QDFK QHXHVWHU 0RGH XQG HLQHU NOHLQHQ
%ULOODQWVSDQJHDP+DOVYHUVFKOX‰
ª*XWHQ7DJ3DSDHQGOLFKVLHKWPDQGLFKHLQPDOZLHGHU:LHJHKW
HV0DPD"«+DVWGXJXWH1DFKULFKWHQYRQ7RP"«/HJHGRFKDE
VHW] GLFK GRFK ELWWH OLHEHU 3DSD« :LOOVW GX QLFKW HLQ EL‰FKHQ
7RLOHWWH PDFKHQ" ,FK KDEH GDV )UHPGHQ]LPPHU REHQ IU GLFK
KHUULFKWHQODVVHQ«*UQOLFKPDFKWDXFKJUDGH7RLOHWWH«©
ª/D‰ LKQ QXU PHLQ .LQG LFK ZLOO LKQ KLHU XQWHQ HUZDUWHQ 'X
ZHL‰WLFKELQ]XHLQHU8QWHUUHGXQJPLWGHLQHP0DQQJHNRPPHQ«
]XHLQHUVHKUVHKUHUQVWHQ8QWHUUHGXQJPHLQHOLHEH7RQ\,VW+HUU
.HVVHOPH\HUKLHU"©
ª-DZRKO 3DSD HU VLW]W LP 3HQVHH]LPPHU XQG EHVLHKW GDV
$OEXP«©
ª:RLVW(ULND"©
ª2EHQ PLW 7KLQND LP .LQGHU]LPPHU HV JHKW LKU JXW 6LH EDGHW
LKUH 3XSSH« QDWUOLFK QLFKW LP :DVVHU« HLQH :DFKVSXSSH«
NXU]XPVLHWXWQXU«©
ª9HUVWHKW VLFK© 'HU .RQVXO DWPHWH DXI XQG IXKU IRUW ª,FK NDQQ
QLFKW DQQHKPHQ OLHEHV .LQG GD‰ GX EHU GLH /DJH« GLH /DJH
GHLQHV0DQQHVXQWHUULFKWHWELVW"©
(U KDWWH VLFK DXI HLQHP GHU )DXWHXLOV QLHGHUJHODVVHQ GLH GHQ
JUR‰HQ7LVFKXPJDEHQZlKUHQG7RQ\DXIHLQHPNOHLQHQ6HVVHOGHU


GUHL VFKUlJ EHUHLQDQGHU JHWUPWH VHLGHQH .LVVHQ GDUVWHOOWH ]X
VHLQHQ)‰HQVD‰'LH)LQJHUVHLQHU5HFKWHQVSLHOWHQEHKXWVDP PLW
GHQ'LDPDQWHQDQLKUHP+DOVH
ª1HLQ 3DSD© DQWZRUWHWH 7RQ\ ªGDV PX‰ LFK GLU JHVWHKHQ LFK
ZHL‰JDUQLFKWV0HLQ*RWWLFKELQHLQH*DQVZHL‰WGXLFKKDEHJDU
NHLQH (LQVLFKW 1HXOLFK KDEH LFK HLQ EL‰FKHQ ]XJHK|UW DOV
.HVVHOPH\HUPLW*UQOLFKVSUDFK«=XP6FKOXVVHVFKLHQHVPLUDOV
RE+HUU.HVVHOPH\HUZLHGHUQXU6SD‰PDFKWH«HUUHGHWLPPHUVR
OlFKHUOLFK(LQRGHU]ZHLPDOYHUVWDQGLFKGHLQHQ1DPHQ«©
ª'XYHUVWDQGHVWPHLQHQ1DPHQ",QZHOFKHU%H]LHKXQJ"©
ª1HLQ YRQ GHU %H]LHKXQJ ZHL‰ LFK JDU QLFKWV 3DSD« *UQOLFK
ZDU VHLW GLHVHP 7DJH PUULVFK« MD XQDXVVWHKOLFK GDV PX‰ LFK
VDJHQ« %LV JHVWHUQ« JHVWHUQ ZDU HU VDQIW JHVWLPPW XQG IUDJWH
]HKQRGHU]Z|OIPDORELFKLKQOLHEHRELFKHLQJXWHV:RUWEHLGLU
IULKQHLQOHJHQZUGHZHQQHUGLFKHWZDV]XELWWHQKlWWH«©
ª$K«©
ª-D« HU WHLOWH PLU PLW HU KDEH GLU JHVFKULHEHQ GX ZUGHVW
NRPPHQ« *XW GD‰ GX GD ELVW (V LVW HLQ EL‰FKHQ XQKHLPOLFK«
*UQOLFK KDW GHQ JUQHQ 6SLHOWLVFK KHUJHULFKWHW« HV OLHJHQ HLQH
0HQJH 3DSLHUH XQG %OHLVWLIWH GDUDXI« GDUDQ VROOVW GX QDFKKHU PLW
LKPXQG.HVVHOPH\HUHLQH%HUDWXQJDEKDOWHQ«©
ª+|UH PHLQ OLHEHV .LQG© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO LQGHP HU PLW GHU
+DQGEHULKU+DDUVWULFK«ª,FKPX‰GLFKQXQHWZDVIUDJHQHWZDV
(UQVWHV6DJHPLUHLQPDO«GXOLHEVWGRFKGHLQHQ0DQQYRQJDQ]HP
+HU]HQ"©
ª*HZL‰3DSD©VDJWH7RQ\PLWHLQHPVRNLQGLVFKKHXFKOHULVFKHQ
*HVLFKWZLHVLHHVHKHPDOV]XVWDQGHJHEUDFKWZHQQPDQVLHJHIUDJW
KDWWH 'X ZLUVW QXQ GRFK QLHPDOV ZLHGHU GLH 3XSSHQOLHVH lUJHUQ
7RQ\"«
'HU .RQVXO VFKZLHJ HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN ª'X OLHEVW LKQ GRFK VR©
IUDJWHHUGDQQªGD‰GXQLFKWRKQHLKQOHEHQN|QQWHVW«XQWHUNHLQHQ
8PVWlQGHQ ZLH" $XFK ZHQQ GXUFK *RWWHV :LOOHQ VHLQH /DJH VLFK
lQGHUQVROOWHZHQQHULQ9HUKlOWQLVVHYHUVHW]WZHUGHQZUGHGLHHV
LKPQLFKWPHKUHUODXEWHQGLFKIHUQHUKLQPLWDOOHQGLHVHQ'LQJHQ]X
XPJHEHQ«"© 8QG VHLQH +DQG EHVFKULHE HLQH IOFKWLJH %HZHJXQJ


EHUGLH0|EHOXQG3RUWLHUHQGHV=LPPHUVKLQEHUGLHYHUJROGHWH
6WXW]XKUDXIGHU6SLHJHOHWDJHUHXQGHQGOLFKEHULKU.OHLGKLQXQWHU
ª*HZL‰3DSD©ZLHGHUKROWH7RQ\LQGHPWU|VWHQGHQ7RQGHQVLH
EHLQDKHLPPHUDQQDKPZHQQMHPDQGHUQVW]XLKUVSUDFK6LHEOLFNWH
DQ LKUHV 9DWHUV *HVLFKW YRUEHL DXIV )HQVWHU KLQWHU GHP ODXWORV HLQ
]DUWHUXQGGLFKWHU6FKOHLHUUHJHQVLFKKHUQLHGHUEHZHJWH,KUH$XJHQ
ZDUHQ YROO YRQ HLQHP $XVGUXFN ZLH .LQGHU LKQ DQQHKPHQ ZHQQ
PDQ EHLP 0lUFKHQYRUOHVHQ VR WDNWORV LVW HLQH DOOJHPHLQH
%HWUDFKWXQJEHU0RUDOXQG3IOLFKWHQHLQIOLH‰HQ]XODVVHQ«HLQHP
0LVFKDXVGUXFN YRQ 9HUOHJHQKHLW XQG 8QJHGXOG )U|PPLJNHLW XQG
9HUGURVVHQKHLW
'HU .RQVXO EHWUDFKWHWH VLH ZlKUHQG HLQHU0LQXWH VWXPP XQG PLW
QDFKGHQNOLFKHP %OLQ]HOQ :DU HU PLW LKUHU $QWZRUW ]XIULHGHQ" (U
KDWWHGDKHLPXQGXQWHUZHJVDOOHVUHLIOLFKHUZRJHQ«
-HGHU 0HQVFK EHJUHLIW GD‰ -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRNV HUVWHU XQG
DXIULFKWLJVWHU %HVFKOX‰ GDKLQ JLQJ HLQH $XV]DKOXQJ LUJHQGZHOFKHU
+|KH DQ VHLQHQ 6FKZLHJHUVRKQ QDFK .UlIWHQ ]X YHUPHLGHQ $OV HU
VLFK DEHU HULQQHUWH ZLH GULQJHQG HU XP HLQ JHOLQGHV :RUW ]X
JHEUDXFKHQ GLHVH (KH EHIUZRUWHW KDWWH DOV HU VLFK GHQ %OLFN LQV
*HGlFKWQLV ]XUFNULHI PLW GHP GDV .LQG QDFK GHU +RFK]HLWVIHLHU
YRQ LKP $EVFKLHG JHQRPPHQ XQG LKQ JHIUDJW KDWWH ª%LVW GX PLW
PLU ]XIULHGHQ"© GD PX‰WH HU HLQHP ]LHPOLFK QLHGHUGUFNHQGHQ
6FKXOGEHZX‰WVHLQ VHLQHU 7RFKWHU JHJHQEHU 5DXP JHEHQ XQG VLFK
VDJHQGD‰GLHVH6DFKHJDQ]XQGJDUGXUFKLKUHQ:LOOHQHQWVFKLHGHQ
ZHUGHQPVVH(UZX‰WHZRKOGD‰VLHLQGLHVH9HUELQGXQJQLFKWDXV
*UQGHQ GHU /LHEH JHZLOOLJW KDWWH DEHU HU UHFKQHWH PLW GHU
0|JOLFKNHLW GD‰ GLHVH YLHU -DKUH GLH *HZ|KQXQJ XQG GLH *HEXUW
GHV .LQGHV YLHOHV YHUlQGHUW KDEHQ NRQQWHQ GD‰ 7RQ\ VLFK MHW]W
LKUHP 0DQQH PLW /HLE XQG 6HHOH YHUEXQGHQ IKOHQ XQG DXV JXWHQ
FKULVWOLFKHQ XQG ZHOWOLFKHQ *UQGHQ MHGHQ *HGDQNHQ DQ HLQH
7UHQQXQJ ]XUFNZHLVHQ NRQQWH ,Q GLHVHP )DOOH EHUOHJWH GHU
.RQVXO PVVH HU VLFK ]XU +HUJDEH MHGHU *HOGVXPPH EHTXHPHQ
=ZDUYHUODQJWHQ&KULVWHQSIOLFKWXQG)UDXHQZUGHGD‰7RQ\ LKUHP
DQJHWUDXWHQ*DWWHQEHGLQJXQJVORVDXFKLQV8QJOFNIROJWHZHQQVLH
DEHUWDWVlFKOLFKGLHVHQ(QWVFKOX‰DQGHQ7DJOHJHQZUGHVRIKOWH
HU VLFK QLFKW EHUHFKWLJW VLH IRUWDQ DOOH GLH 9HUVFK|QHUXQJHQ XQG
%HTXHPOLFKNHLWHQ GHV /HEHQV DQ GLH VLH YRQ .LQGHVEHLQHQ DQ


JHZ|KQWZDUXQYHUVFKXOGHWHQWEHKUHQ]XODVVHQ«VRIKOWHHUVLFK
YHUSIOLFKWHW HLQH .DWDVWURSKH ]X YHUKWHQ XQG ¾% *UQOLFK½ XP
MHGHQ3UHLV]XKDOWHQ.XU]GDV(UJHEQLVVHLQHU(UZlJXQJHQZDUGHU
:XQVFK JHZHVHQ VHLQH 7RFKWHU PLWVDPW LKUHP .LQGH ]X VLFK ]X
QHKPHQ XQG +HUUQ *UQOLFK VHLQHU :HJH JHKHQ ]X ODVVHQ 0RFKWH
*RWW GLHV bX‰HUVWH YHUKWHQ )U MHGHQ )DOO EHZHJWH HU GHQ
5HFKWVSDUDJUDSKHQ EHL VLFK GHU EHL EHVWHKHQGHU 8QIlKLJNHLW GHV
*DWWHQ )UDX XQG .LQGHU ]X HUQlKUHQ ]XU 6FKHLGXQJ EHUHFKWLJWH
9RUDOOHPDEHUPX‰WHHUGLH$QVLFKWHQVHLQHU7RFKWHUHUIRUVFKHQ«
ª,FK VHKH© VDJWH HU LQGHP HU IRUWIXKU ]lUWOLFK LKU +DDU ]X
VWUHLFKHOQ ªLFK VHKH PHLQ OLHEHV .LQG GD‰ GX YRQ JXWHQ XQG
OREHQVZHUWHQ *UXQGVlW]HQ EHVHHOW ELVW $OOHLQ« LFK NDQQ QLFKW
DQQHKPHQGD‰GXGLH'LQJHEHWUDFKWHVWZLHVLH*RWWVHL¶VJHNODJW
EHWUDFKWHW ZHUGHQ PVVHQ QlPOLFK DOV 7DWVDFKHQ ,FK KDEH GLFK
QLFKW JHIUDJW ZDV GX LQ GLHVHP RGHU MHQHP )DOOH YLHOOHLFKW WXQ
ZXUGHVW VRQGHUQ ZDV GX MHW]W KHXWH VRJOHLFK WXQ ZLUVW ,FK ZHL‰
QLFKW LQZLHIHUQ GX GLH 9HUKlOWQLVVH NHQQVW RGHU DKQVW« LFK KDEH
DOVRGLHWUDXULJH3IOLFKWGLU]XVDJHQGD‰GHLQ0DQQ VLFK JHQ|WLJW
VLHKW VHLQH =DKOXQJHQ HLQ]XVWHOOHQ GD‰ HU VLFK JHVFKlIWOLFK QLFKW
PHKUKDOWHQNDQQ«LFKJODXEHGXYHUVWHKVWPLFK«©
ª*UQOLFK PDFKW %DQNHURWW«"© IUDJWH 7RQ\ OHLVH LQGHP VLH VLFK
KDOEYRQLKUHQ.LVVHQHUKREXQGUDVFKGHV.RQVXOV+DQGHUJULII«
ª-DPHLQ.LQG©VDJWHHUHUQVWª'XYHUPXWHWHVWGDVQLFKW"©
ª,FK KDEH QLFKWV %HVWLPPWHV YHUPXWHW«© VWDPPHOWH VLH ª'DQQ
KDW .HVVHOPH\HU DOVR QLFKW 6SD‰ JHPDFKW«"© IXKU VLH IRUW LQGHP
VLHVFKUlJYRUVLFKKPDXIGHQEUDXQHQ7HSSLFKVWDUUWH«ª2*RWW©
VWLH‰ VLH SO|W]OLFK KHUYRU XQG VDQN DXI LKUHQ 6LW] ]XUFN (UVW LQ
GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN JLQJ DOOHV YRU LKU DXI ZDV LQ GHP :RUWH
ª%DQNHURWW©YHUVFKORVVHQODJDOOHVZDVVLHVFKRQDOVNOHLQHV.LQG
GDEHL DQ 9DJHP XQG )UFKWHUOLFKHP HPSIXQGHQ KDWWH«
ª%DQNHURWW©« GDV ZDU HWZDV *Ul‰OLFKHUHV DOV GHU 7RG GDV ZDU
7XPXOW =XVDPPHQEUXFK 5XLQ 6FKPDFK 6FKDQGH 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ
XQG (OHQG« ª(U PDFKW %DQNHURWW© ZLHGHUKROWH VLH 6LH ZDU
GHUPD‰HQ JHVFKODJHQ XQG QLHGHUJHVFKPHWWHUW YRQ GLHVHP
6FKLFNVDOVZRUWGD‰VLHDQNHLQH+LOIHGDFKWHDXFKQLFKWDQHLQHGLH
YRQLKUHP9DWHUNRPPHQN|QQWH


(UEHWUDFKWHWHVLHPLWHPSRUJH]RJHQHQ%UDXHQPLWVHLQHQNOHLQHQ
WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ GLH WUDXULJ XQG PGH DXVVDKHQ XQG GHQQRFK
HLQH JDQ] DX‰HURUGHQWOLFKH 6SDQQXQJ YHUULHWHQ ª,FK IUDJWH GLFK
DOVR© VDJWH HU VDQIW ªPHLQH OLHEH 7RQ\ RE GX GLFK EHUHLWKlOWVW
GHLQHP 0DQQH DXFK LQ GLH $UPXW KLQHLQ ]X IROJHQ"«© *OHLFK
GDUDXIJHVWDQGHUVLFKGD‰HUGDVKDUWH:RUWª$UPXW©LQVWLQNWLYDOV
$EVFKUHFNXQJVPLWWHOJHZlKOWKDEHXQGIXJWHKLQ]X ª(U NDQQ VLFK
ZLHGHUHPSRUDUEHLWHQ«©
ª*HZL‰3DSD©DQWZRUWHWH7RQ\$EHUGDVKLQGHUWHQLFKWGD‰VLH
LQ 7UlQHQ DXVEUDFK 6LH VFKOXFK]WH LQ LKU %DWLVWWFKOHLQ GDV PLW
6SLW]HQ EHVHW]W ZDU XQG GDV 0RQRJUDPP $* WUXJ 6LH KDWWH QRFK
Y|OOLJ LKU .LQGHUZHLQHQ JDQ] XQJHQLHUW XQG RKQH =LHUHUHL ,KUH
2EHUOLSSHPDFKWHHLQHQXQDXVVSUHFKOLFKUKUHQGHQ(LQGUXFNGDEHL
,KU 9DWHU IXKU IRUW VLH PLW GHQ $XJHQ ]X SUIHQ ª'DV LVW GHLQ
(UQVWPHLQ.LQG"©IUDJWHHU(UZDUJHQDXVRUDWORVZLHVLH
ª0X‰LFKQLFKW«©VFKOXFK]WHVLHª,FKPX‰GRFK«©
ª'XUFKDXVQLFKW©VDJWHHUOHEKDIWDEHUVFKXOGEHZX‰WYHUEHVVHUWH
HUVLFKVRIRUWª,FKZUGHGLFKQLFKWXQEHGLQJWGD]X]ZLQJHQPHLQH
OLHEH 7RQ\ *HVHW]W GHQ )DOO GD‰ GHLQH *HIKOH GLFK QLFKW
XQYHUEUFKOLFKDQGHLQHQ0DQQIHVVHOWHQ«©
6LH VDK LKQ PLW LQ 7UlQHQ VFKZLPPHQGHQ XQG YHUVWlQGQLVORVHQ
$XJHQDQª:LHVR3DSD«"©
'HU .RQVXO ZDQG VLFK HLQ ZHQLJ KLQ XQG KHU XQG IDQG HLQ
$XVNXQIWVPLWWHO ª0HLQ JXWHV .LQG GX NDQQVW JODXEHQ GD‰ LFK HV
VHKU VFKPHU]KDIW HPSILQGHQ ZUGH GLFK DOO GHQ 8QELOGHQ XQG
3HLQOLFKNHLWHQ DXVVHW]HQ ]X PVVHQ GLH GXUFK GDV 8QJOFN GHLQHV
0DQQHV GXUFK GLH $XIO|VXQJ GHV *HVFKlIWHV XQG GHLQHV
+DXVVWDQGHV XQPLWWHOEDU ZHUGHQ KHUEHLJHIKUW ZHUGHQ« ,FK KDEH
GHQ :XQVFK GLFK GLHVHQ HUVWHQ 8QDQQHKPOLFKNHLWHQ ]X HQW]LHKHQ
XQG GLFK VRZLH XQVHUH NOHLQH (ULND YRUGHUKDQG ]X XQV QDFK +DXVH
]XQHKPHQ,FKJODXEHGD‰GXPLUGDVGDQNHQZLUVW«"©
7RQ\ VFKZLHJ HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN ZlKUHQGGHVVHQ VLH LKUH 7UlQHQ
WURFNQHWH6LHKDXFKWHXPVWlQGOLFKDXILKU7DVFKHQWXFKXQGGUFNWH
HVJHJHQGLH$XJHQXPGLH(QW]QGXQJ]XYHUKWHQ+LHUDXIIUDJWH
VLHLQHQWVFKLHGHQHP7RQHRKQHGLH6WLPPH]XHUKHEHQª3DSDLVW


*UQOLFKVFKXOGLJ.RPPW HU DXV /HLFKWVLQQ XQG 8QUHGOLFKNHLW LQV
8QJOFN©
ª+|FKVWZDKUVFKHLQOLFK«© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO ª'DV KHL‰W« QHLQ
LFK ZHL‰ HV QLFKW PHLQ .LQG ,FK VDJWH GLU GD‰ GLH
$XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJPLWLKPXQGVHLQHP%DQNLHUQRFKDXVVWHKW«©
7RQ\ VFKLHQ DXI GLHVH $QWZRUW JDU QLFKW JHDFKWHW ]X KDEHQ
*HEFNW DXI LKUHQ GUHL VHLGHQHQ .LVVHQ VWW]WH VLH GHQ (OOHQERJHQ
DXI GDV .QLH XQG GDV .LQQ LQ GLH +DQG XQG EOLFNWH PLW
WLHIJHVHQNWHP .RSIH YHUVXQNHQ XQG WUlXPHULVFK YRQ XQWHQ KHUDXI
LQV =LPPHU KLQHLQ ª$FK 3DSD© VDJWH VLH OHLVH XQG EHLQDKH RKQH
GLH/LSSHQ]XEHZHJHQªZlUHHVGDPDOVQLFKWEHVVHUJHZHVHQ«©
'HU .RQVXO NRQQWH LKU *HVLFKW QLFKW VHKHQ DEHU HV WUXJ GHQ
$XVGUXFNGHUDQPDQFKHP6RPPHUDEHQGZHQQVLH]X7UDYHPQGH
DQGHP)HQVWHULKUHVNOHLQHQ=LPPHUVOHKQWHGDUDXIJHOHJHQKDWWH«
,KUHLQHU$UPUXKWHDXIGHQ.QLHQLKUHV9DWHUVZlKUHQGGLH+DQG
VFKODIIXQGRKQH6WW]HQDFKXQWHQKLQJ6HOEVWGLHVH+DQGGUFNWH
HLQH XQHQGOLFK ZHKPWLJH XQG ]lUWOLFKH +LQJHEXQJ DXV HLQH
HULQQHUXQJVYROOH XQG V‰H 6HKQVXFKW GLH LQ GLH )HUQH VFKZHLIWH
ª%HVVHU«"©IUDJWH.RQVXO%XGGHQEURRNª:HQQZDVQLFKWJHZHVHQ
ZlUHPHLQ.LQG"©
(U ZDU YRQ +HU]HQ ]X GHP *HVWlQGQLV EHUHLW GD‰ HV EHVVHU
JHZHVHQZlUHGLHVH(KHQLFKW]XVFKOLH‰HQDEHU7RQ\VDJWHQXUPLW
HLQHP6HXI]HUª$FKQLFKWV©
(V VFKLHQ GD‰ LKUH *HGDQNHQ VLH IHVVHOWHQ GD‰ VLH ZHLW DEVHLWV
ZHLOWHXQGGHQª%DQNHURWW©EHLQDKHYHUJHVVHQKDWWH'HU.RQVXOVDK
VLFKJHQ|WLJWVHOEVWDXV]XVSUHFKHQZDVHUOLHEHUQXUEHVWlWLJWKlWWH
ª,FKJODXEHGHLQH*HGDQNHQ]XHUUDWHQOLHEH7RQ\©VDJWHHUªXQG
DXFKLFKPHLQHUVHLWVLFK]|JHUHQLFKWGLU]XEHNHQQHQGD‰LFKGHQ
6FKULWW GHU PLU YRU YLHU -DKUHQ DOV NOXJ XQG KHLOVDP HUVFKLHQ LQ
GLHVHU6WXQGHEHUHXH«DXIULFKWLJEHUHXH,FKJODXEHYRU*RWWQLFKW
VFKXOGLJ ]X VHLQ ,FK JODXEH PHLQH 3IOLFKW JHWDQ ]X KDEHQ LQGHP
LFK PLFK EHPKWH GLU HLQH GHLQHU +HUNXQIW DQJHPHVVHQH ([LVWHQ]
]X VFKDIIHQ« 'HU +LPPHO KDW HV DQGHUV JHZROOW« GX ZLUVW YRQ
GHLQHP 9DWHU QLFKW JODXEHQ GD‰ HU GDPDOV OHLFKWIHUWLJ XQG
XQEHUOHJWGHLQ*OFNDXIV6SLHOJHVHW]WKDW*UQOLFKWUDWPLWPLULQ
9HUELQGXQJ YHUVHKHQ PLW GHQ EHVWHQ (PSIHKOXQJHQ HLQ


3DVWRUVVRKQ HLQ FKULVWOLFKHU XQG ZHOWOlXILJHU 0DQQ« 6SlWHU KDEH
LFKJHVFKlIWOLFKH(UNXQGLJXQJHQEHULKQHLQJH]RJHQGLHVRJQVWLJ
ODXWHWHQDOVP|JOLFK ,FK KDEH GLH9HUKlOWQLVVH JHSUIW« 'DV DOOHV
LVWGXQNHOGXQNHOXQGKDUUWQRFKGHU$XINOlUXQJ$EHUQLFKWZDKU
GXNODJVWPLFKQLFKWDQ«©
ª1HLQ3DSDZLHNDQQVWGXGHUJOHLFKHQVDJHQ .RPP OD‰ HV GLU
QLFKW ]X +HU]HQ JHKHQ DUPHU 3DSD« 'X VLHKVW EOD‰ DXV VROO LFK
QLFKWHLQSDDU0DJHQWURSIHQKHUXQWHUKROHQ"©6LHKDWWHLKUH$UPHXP
VHLQHQ+DOVJHOHJWXQGN‰WHLKQDXIGLH:DQJHQ
ª,FKGDQNHGLU©VDJWHHUªVRVR«OD‰QXULFKGDQNHGLU-DLFK
KDEHDQJUHLIHQGH7DJHKLQWHUPLU«:DVVROOPDQWXQ",FKKDEHYLHO
bUJHUQLV JHKDEW 'DV VLQG 3UIXQJHQ YRQ *RWW $EHU GDV KLQGHUW
QLFKW GD‰ LFK PLFK GLU JHJHQEHU QLFKW JDQ] RKQH 6FKXOG IKOHQ
NDQQ PHLQ .LQG $OOHV NRPPW MHW]W DXI GLH )UDJH DQ GLH LFK GLU
VFKRQ YRUJHOHJW KDEH GLH GX PLU DEHU QRFK QLFKW KLQOlQJOLFK
EHDQWZRUWHW KDVW 6SULFK RIIHQ ]X PLU 7RQ\« KDVW GX LQ GLHVHQ
-DKUHQGHU(KHGHLQHQ0DQQOLHEHQJHOHUQW"©
7RQ\ZHLQWHDXIVQHXHXQGLQGHPVLHPLWEHLGHQ+lQGHQLQGHQHQ
VLH GDV %DWLVWWFKOHLQ KLHOW LKUH $XJHQ EHGHFNWH EUDFKWH VLH XQWHU
6FKOXFK]HQ KHUYRU ª$FK« ZDV IUDJVW GX 3DSD« ,FK KDEH LKQ
QLHPDOVJHOLHEW«HUZDUPLULPPHUZLGHUOLFK«ZHL‰WGXGDVGHQQ
QLFKW«"©
(V ZlUH VFKZHU ]X VDJHQ ZDV DXI GHP *HVLFKWH -RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRNVVLFKDEVSLHOWH6HLQH$XJHQEOLFNWHQHUVFKURFNHQXQG
WUDXULJ XQG GHQQRFK NQLII HU GLH /LSSHQ ]XVDPPHQ VR GD‰
0XQGZLQNHOXQG:DQJHQVLFKIDOWHWHQZLHHV]XJHVFKHKHQSIOHJWH
ZHQQHUHLQYRUWHLOKDIWHV*HVFKlIW]XP$EVFKOX‰JHEUDFKWKDWWH(U
VDJWHOHLVHª9LHU-DKUH«©
7RQ\¶V 7UDQHQ YHUVLHJWHQ SO|W]OLFK 'DV IHXFKWH 7DVFKHQWXFK LQ
GHU+DQGULFKWHWHVLHVLFKDXILKUHP6LW]HHPSRUXQGVDJWH]RUQLJ
ª9LHU-DKUH«KDPDQFKPDOKDWHUDEHQGVEHLPLUJHVHVVHQXQGGLH
=HLWXQJJHOHVHQLQGLHVHQYLHU-DKUHQ«©
ª*RWW KDW HXFK EHLGHQ HLQ .LQG JHVFKHQNW«© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO
EHZHJW ª-D 3DSD« XQG LFK KDEH (ULND VHKU OLHE« REJOHLFK
*UQOLFK EHKDXSWHW LFK VHL QLFKW NLQGHUOLHE« ,FK ZUGH PLFK QLH
YRQLKUWUHQQHQGDVVDJHLFKGLU«DEHU*UQOLFKQHLQ«*UQOLFK


QHLQ«1XQPDFKWHUDXFKQRFK%DQNHURWW«$FK3DSDZHQQGX
PLFK XQG (ULND QDFK +DXVH QHKPHQ ZLOOVW« PLW )UHXGHQ 1XQ
ZHL‰WGXHV©
'HU.RQVXONQLIIZLHGHUXPGLH/LSSHQ]XVDPPHQHUZDUlX‰HUVW
]XIULHGHQ ,PPHUKLQ PX‰WH GHU +DXSWSXQNW QRFK EHUKUW ZHUGHQ
DEHU EHL GHU (QWVFKORVVHQKHLW GLH 7RQ\ DQ GHQ 7DJ OHJWH ULVNLHUWH
PDQ ZHQLJ GDPLW ª%HL DOOHGHP© VDJWH HU ªVFKHLQVW GX Y|OOLJ ]X
YHUJHVVHQPHLQ.LQGGD‰MD+LOIHGHQNEDUZlUH«XQG]ZDUGXUFK
PLFK'HLQ9DWHUKDWGLUEHUHLWVEHNDQQWGD‰HUVLFKGLUJHJHQEHU
QLFKW XQEHGLQJWVFKXOGORV IKOHQ NDQQ XQGLQ GHP )DOOH« QXQ LQ
GHP )DOOH GD‰ GX HV YRQ LKP HUKRIIVW« HUZDUWHVW« ZUGH HU
HLQVSULQJHQZUGHHUGDV)DOOLPHQWYHUKWHQZUGHHUGLH6FKXOGHQ
GHLQHV 0DQQHV ZRKO RGHU EHO GHFNHQ XQG VHLQ *HVFKlIW IORWW
HUKDOWHQ«©
(U SUIWH VLH JHVSDQQW XQG LKU 0LHQHQVSLHO HUIOOWH LKQ PLW
*HQXJWXXQJ(VGUFNWH(QWWlXVFKXQJDXVª8PZLHYLHOKDQGHOWHV
VLFK HLJHQWOLFK"© IUDJWH VLH ª:DV WXW GDV ]XU 6DFKH PHLQ .LQG«
XP HLQH JUR‰H JUR‰H 6XPPH© 8QG .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN QLFNWH
HLQLJH 0DOH PLW GHP .RSIH DOV RE GLH :XFKW GHV *HGDQNHQV DQ
GLHVH 6XPPH LKQ ODQJVDP KLQ XQG KHU VFKWWHOWH ª'DEHL© IXKU HU
IRUW ªGDUI LFK GLU QLFKW YHUKHKOHQ GD‰ GLH )LUPD JDQ] DEJHVHKHQ
YRQGLHVHU6DFKH9HUOXVWHHUOLWWHQKDWXQGGD‰GLH +HUJDEH GLHVHU
6XPPH HLQH 6FKZlFKXQJ IU VLH EHGHXWHQ ZUGH YRQ GHU VLH VLFK
VFKZHU« VFKZHU ZLHGHU HUKROHQ N|QQWH ,FK VDJH GDV NHLQHVZHJV
XP«©
(U YROOHQGHWH QLFKW 7RQ\ ZDU DXIJHVSUXQJHQ VLH ZDU VRJDU HLQ
SDDU 6FKULWWH ]XUFNJHWUHWHQ XQG QRFK LPPHU GDV QDVVH
6SLW]HQWFKOHLQLQGHU+DQGULHIVLHª*XW*HQXJ1LH©
6LH VDK EHLQDKH KHURLVFK DXV 'DV :RUW ª)LUPD© KDWWH
HLQJHVFKODJHQ +|FKVWZDKUVFKHLQOLFK ZLUNWH HV HQWVFKHLGHQGHU DOV
VHOEVW LKUH $EQHLJXQJ JHJHQ +HUUQ *UQOLFK ª'DV WXVW GX QLFKW
3DSD© UHGHWH VLH JDQ] DX‰HU VLFK IRUW ª:LOOVW DXFK GX QRFK
%DQNHURWWPDFKHQ"*HQXJ1LHPDOV©
,Q GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN |IIQHWH VLFK GLH .RUULGRUWU HLQ ZHQLJ
]|JHUQGXQG+HUU*UQOLFKWUDWHLQ


-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN HUKRE VLFK PLW HLQHU %HZHJXQJ ZHOFKH
DXVGUFNWH(UOHGLJW

$FKWHV.DSLWHO

+HUUQ *UQOLFKV *HVLFKW ZDU URW JHIOHFNW DEHU HU ZDU DXIV
VRUJIlOWLJVWHJHNOHLGHW(UWUXJHLQHQlKQOLFKHQVFKZDU]HQIDOWLJHQ
VROLGHQ /HLEURFN lKQOLFKH HUEVHQIDUEHQH %HLQNOHLGHU ZLH
GLHMHQLJHQ LQ GHQHQ HU HLQVWPDOV LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H VHLQH HUVWHQ
9LVLWHQ JHPDFKW ,Q HLQHU VFKODIIHQ +DOWXQJ EOLHE HU VWHKHQ XQG
VSUDFK GHQ %OLFN ]X %RGHQ JHULFKWHW PLW ZHLFKHU XQG PDWWHU
6WLPPHª9DWHU«©
'HU .RQVXO YHUEHXJWH VLFK NDOW XQG RUGQHWH GDQQ PLW HLQLJHQ
HQHUJLVFKHQ *ULIIHQ VHLQH +DOVELQGH ª,FK GDQNH ,KQHQ GD‰ 6LH
JHNRPPHQ VLQG© VHW]WH +HUU *UQOLFK KLQ]X ª'DV ZDU PHLQH
3IOLFKWPHLQ)UHXQG©HUZLGHUWHGHU.RQVXOªQXUIUFKWHLFKGD‰HV
GDVHLQ]LJHEOHLEHQZLUGZDVLFKLQ,KUHU6DFKH]XWXQYHUPDJ©
6HLQ 6FKZLHJHUVRKQ ZDUI LKP HLQHQ KDVWLJHQ %OLFN ]X XQG QDKP
GDQQ HLQH QRFK VFKODIIHUH +DOWXQJ DQ ª,FK K|UH© IXKU GHU .RQVXO
IRUW ªGD‰ ,KU %DQNLHU +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU XQV HUZDUWHW« ZHOFKHQ
2UW KDEHQ 6LH IU GLH 8QWHUUHGXQJ EHVWLPPW" ,FK VWHKH ]X ,KUHU
9HUIJXQJ«©
ª,FK ELWWH 6LH XP GLH *WH PLU ]X IROJHQ© PXUPHOWH +HUU
*UQOLFK
.RQVXO%XGGHQEURRNN‰WHVHLQH7RFKWHUDXIGLH6WLUQXQGVDJWH
ª*HKKLQDXI]XGHLQHP.LQGH$QWRQLH©
'DQQ VFKULWW HU PLW +HUUQ *UQOLFK GHU VLFK EDOG YRU LKP EDOG
KLQWHU LKP EHZHJWH XQG GLH 3RUWLHUHQ |IIQHWH GXUFK GDV
6SHLVH]LPPHULQV:RKQJHPDFK
$OV +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU GHU DP )HQVWHU VWDQG VLFK XPZDQGWH
ULFKWHWHQGLHZHL‰HQXQGVFKZDU]HQ)ODXPIHGHUQDXIVHLQHP.RSIH
VLFK DXI XQG VDQNHQ GDQQ VDQIW DXI GHQ 6FKlGHO ]XUFN ª+HUU
%DQNLHU .HVVHOPH\HU« *UR‰KlQGOHU .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN PHLQ


6FKZLHJHUYDWHU«© VDJWH +HUU *UQOLFK HUQVW XQG EHVFKHLGHQ 'HV
.RQVXOV *HVLFKW ZDU EHZHJXQJVORV +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU EFNWH VLFK
PLWKlQJHQGHQ$UPHQLQGHPHUVHLQHEHLGHQJHOEHQ (FN]lKQHDXI
GLH 2EHUOLSSH VHW]WH XQG VDJWH ª,KU 'LHQHU +HUU .RQVXO 0HLQH
OHEKDIWH6DWLVIDNWLRQGDV9HUJQJHQ]XKDEHQ©
ª9HU]HLKHQ 6LH JWLJVW GD‰ 6LH KDEHQ ZDUWHQ PVVHQ
.HVVHOPH\HU©VDJWH+HUU*UQOLFK(UZDUYROO+|IOLFKNHLWIUGHQ
HLQHQZLHIUGHQDQGHUHQª.RPPHQZLU]XU6DFKH"©EHPHUNWHGHU
.RQVXOLQGHPHUVLFKVXFKHQGKLQXQGKHUZDQGWH«'HU+DXVKHUU
EHHLOWHVLFK]XDQWZRUWHQª,FKELWWHGLH+HUUHQ«©
:lKUHQG PDQ LQV 5DXFKNDELQHWW KLQEHUJLQJ VDJWH +HUU
.HVVHOPH\HU DXIJHUlXPW ª(LQH DQJHQHKPH 5HLVH JHKDEW +HUU
.RQVXO"« $KDK 5HJHQ" -D HLQH VFKOHFKWH -DKUHV]HLW HLQH
Kl‰OLFKH VFKPXW]LJH -DKUHV]HLW *lEH HV HLQ EL‰FKHQ )URVW HLQ
EL‰FKHQ 6FKQHH« $EHU QLFKWV GD 5HJHQ .RW +|FKVW K|FKVW
ZLGHUZlUWLJ«©
:DVIUHLQVRQGHUEDUHU0HQVFKGDFKWHGHU.RQVXO
,QGHU0LWWHGHVNOHLQHQ=LPPHUVGHVVHQ7DSHWHQGXQNHOJHEOPW
ZDUHQ VWDQG HLQ ]LHPOLFK XPIDQJUHLFKHU YLHUHFNLJHU
JUQEH]RJHQHU 7LVFK 'HU 5HJHQ GUDX‰HQ KDWWH ]XJHQRPPHQ (V
ZDU VR ILQVWHU GD‰ +HUU *UQOLFK GLH GUHL .HU]HQ GLH LQ VLOEHUQHQ
/HXFKWHUQDXIGHU7DIHOVWDQGHQDOVEDOG HQW]QGHWH %OlXOLFKH PLW
)LUPHQVWHPSHOQ YHUVHKHQH *HVFKlIWVEULHIH XQG DEJHJULIIHQH KLH
XQGGDHLQJHULVVHQHPLW'DWHQXQG1DPHQV]JHQEHGHFNWH3DSLHUH
ODJHQ DXI GHP JUQHQ 7XFK $X‰HUGHP EHPHUNWH PDQ HLQ
GLFNOHLELJHV +DXSWEXFK XQG HLQ YRQ ZRKOJHVFKlUIWHQ *lQVHIHGHUQ
XQG%OHLVWLIWHQVWDUUHQGHV7LQWHQXQG6WUHXVDQGID‰DXV0HWDOO
+HUU*UQOLFKPDFKWHGLH+RQQHXUVPLWGHQVWLOOHQWDNWYROOHQXQG
]XUFNKDOWHQGHQ0LHQHQXQG%HZHJXQJHQPLWGHQHQPDQGLH*lVWH
EHL HLQHP %HJUlEQLV NRPSOLPHQWLHUW ª/LHEHU 9DWHU ELWWH QHKPHQ
6LHGHQ$UPVWXKO©VDJWHHUVDQIWª+HUU.HVVHOPH\HUKDEHQ6LHGLH
)UHXQGOLFKNHLWVLFKKLHU]XVHW]HQ"«©
(QGOLFK ZDU GLH 2UGQXQJ KHUJHVWHOOW 'HU %DQNLHU VD‰ GHP
+DXVKHUUQ JHJHQEHU ZlKUHQG GHU .RQVXO LP $UPVHVVHO DQ GHU
%UHLWVHLWH GHV 7LVFKHV SUlVLGLHUWH 'LH 5FNHQOHKQH VHLQHV 6WXKOHV
EHUKUWHGLH.RUULGRUWU


+HUU .HVVHOPH\HU EFNWH VLFK OLH‰ GLH 8QWHUOLSSH KlQJHQ
HQWZLUUWH DXI VHLQHU :HVWH HLQHQ .QHLIHU XQG KLHE LKQ VLFK DXI GLH
1DVHLQGHPHUGLHVHOEHNUDXVWHXQGGHQ0XQGDXIUL‰'DQQNUDXWH
HU VLFK PLW HLQHP QHUY|V PDFKHQGHQ *HUlXVFK GHQ JHVFKRUHQHQ
%DFNHQEDUWVWHPPWHGLH+lQGHDXIGLH.QLHQLFNWHGHQ3DSLHUHQ]X
XQG EHPHUNWH NXU] XQG IU|KOLFK ª$KDK 'D KDEHQ ZLU GLH JDQ]H
%HVFKHUXQJ©
ª6LH HUODXEHQ QXQ GD‰ LFK PLU HLQHQ JHQDXHUHQ (LQEOLFN LQ GLH
/DJH GHU 'LQJH YHUVFKDIIH© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO XQG JULII QDFK GHP
+DXSWEXFK3O|W]OLFKMHGRFKVWUHFNWH+HUU*UQOLFKVFKLUPHQGEHLGH
+lQGH EHU GHQ 7LVFK KLQ ODQJH YRQ KRKHQ EODXHQ $GHUQ
GXUFK]RJHQH +lQGH GLH HUVLFKWOLFK ]LWWHUWHQ XQG ULHI PLW EHZHJWHU
6WLPPH ª(LQHQ $XJHQEOLFN 1RFK HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN 9DWHU 2K
ODVVHQ6LHPLFKQRFKHLQHHLQOHLWHQGH%HPHUNXQJYRUDXVVFKLFNHQ«
-D 6LH ZHUGHQ (LQEOLFN JHZLQQHQ ,KUHP %OLFN ZLUG QLFKWV
HQWJHKHQ«$EHUJODXEHQ6LHPLU6LHZHUGHQ(LQEOLFNLQGLH/DJH
HLQHV8QJOFNOLFKHQJHZLQQHQQLFKWHLQHV6FKXOGLJHQ6HKHQ6LHLQ
PLUHLQHQ0DQQ9DWHUGHUVLFKRKQ¶(UPDWWHQJHJHQGDV6FKLFNVDO
JHZHKUW KDW GHU DEHU YRQ LKP ]X %RGHQ JHVFKODJHQ LVW ,Q GLHVHP
6LQQH«©
ª,FK ZHUGH VHKHQ PHLQ )UHXQG LFK ZHUGH VHKHQ© VDJWH GHU
.RQVXO PLW VLFKWOLFKHU 8QJHGXOG XQG +HUU *UQOLFK ]RJ VHLQH
+lQGH]XUFNXPGHP*HVFKLFNHVHLQHQ/DXI]XODVVHQ
(V YHUJLQJHQ ODQJH IXUFKWEDUH 0LQXWHQ GHV 6FKZHLJHQV ,Q GHP
XQUXKLJHQ .HU]HQOLFKW VD‰HQ GLH GUHL +HUUHQ HLQJHVFKORVVHQ YRQ
YLHU GXQNOHQ :lQGHQ GLFKW EHLHLQDQGHU 0DQ YHUQDKP NHLQH
%HZHJXQJ DOV GDV 5DVFKHOQ GHV 3DSLHUHV PLW GHP GHU .RQVXO
KDQWLHUWH 6RQVW ZDU GUDX‰HQ GHU IDOOHQGH 5HJHQ GDV HLQ]LJH
*HUlXVFK
+HUU.HVVHOPH\HUKDWWHVHLQH'DXPHQLQGLH$UPO|FKHUGHU:HVWH
JHVFKREHQVSLHOWHPLWGHQEULJHQ)LQJHUQDQGHQ6FKXOWHUQ.ODYLHU
XQG VDK PLW XQVlJOLFKHU +HLWHUNHLW YRQ HLQHP ]XP DQGHUHQ +HUU
*UQOLFKVD‰RKQHVLFK]XUFN]XOHKQHQGLH+lQGHDXIGHP7LVFK
VWDUUWHWUE YRUVLFK KLQ XQG OLH‰ GDQQ XQG ZDQQ HLQHQ lQJVWOLFKHQ
%OLFN VHLWZlUWV ]X VHLQHP 6FKZLHJHUYDWHU JOHLWHQ 'HU .RQVXO
EOlWWHUWH LP +DXSWEXFK YHUIROJWH PLW GHP )LQJHUQDJHO .RORQQHQ
YRQ=DKOHQYHUJOLFK'DWHQXQGZDUIPLWGHP%OHLVWLIWVHLQHNOHLQHQ


XQOHVHUOLFKHQ=LIIHUQDXIV3DSLHU6HLQDEJHVSDQQWHV*HVLFKWGUFNWH
(QWVHW]HQ YRU GHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVHQ DXV LQ GLH HU QXQ ª(LQEOLFN
JHZDQQ©« (QGOLFK OHJWH HU VHLQH /LQNH DXI +HUUQ *UQOLFKV $UP
XQGVDJWHHUVFKWWHUWª6LHDUPHU0DQQ©
ª9DWHU«© EUDFKWH +HUU *UQOLFK KHUYRU 'HP EHGDXHUQVZHUWHQ
0HQVFKHQ OLHIHQ ]ZHL JUR‰H 7UlQHQ GLH :DQJHQ KLQDE XQG LQ GLH
JROGJHOEHQ )DYRULV KLQHLQ +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU YHUIROJWH GHQ :HJ
GLHVHUEHLGHQ7URSIHQPLWGHPJU|‰WHQ,QWHUHVVHHUVWDQGVRJDUHLQ
ZHQLJ DXI EHXJWH VLFK YRU XQG VWDUUWH VHLQHP *HJHQEHU PLW
RIIHQHP0XQGHLQV*HVLFKW
.RQVXO%XGGHQEURRNZDUKHIWLJEHZHJW:HLFKJHPDFKWGXUFKGDV
8QJOFN GDV LKQ VHOEVW EHWURIIHQ IKOWH HU ZLH GDV (UEDUPHQ LKQ
PLW VLFK IRUWUL‰ DEHU UDVFK ZXUGH HU ZLHGHU +HUU VHLQHU *HIKOH
ª:LHLVWHVP|JOLFK©VDJWHHUPLWHLQHPWURVWORVHQ.RSIVFKWWHOQ«
ª,QGLHVHQZHQLJHQ-DKUHQ©
ª.LQGHUVSLHO© DQWZRUWHWH +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU JXWJHODXQW ª,Q YLHU
-DKUHQ NDQQ PDQ DOOHUOLHEVW YRU GLH +XQGH NRPPHQ :HQQ PDQ
EHGHQNWZLHPXQWHU¾*HEUGHU:HVWIDKO½LQ%UHPHQYRUNXU]HU=HLW
QRFKXPKHUVSUDQJHQ«©
'HU .RQVXO VDK LKQ EOLQ]HOQG DQ LQGHP HU LKQ ZHGHU VDK QRFK
K|UWH (U KDWWH NHLQHVZHJV VHLQHP ZLUNOLFKHQ *HGDQNHQ $XVGUXFN
JHJHEHQEHUGHQHUJUEHOWH«:DUXPIUDJWHHUVLFKDUJZ|KQLVFK
XQG GHQQRFK YHUVWlQGQLVORV ZDUXP GLHV DOOHV JHUDGH MHW]W" ¾%
*UQOLFK½KlWWHVFKRQYRU]ZHLYRUGUHL-DKUHQVWHKHQN|QQHQZRHU
MHW]WVWDQGGDVEHUVDKPDQPLWHLQHP%OLFN$EHUVHLQ.UHGLWZDU
XQHUVFK|SIOLFK JHZHVHQ HU KDWWH YRQ GHQ %DQNHQ .DSLWDO HUKDOWHQ
HU KDWWH GLH 8QWHUVFKULIWHQ YRQ VROLGHQ +lXVHUQ ZLH 6HQDWRU %RFN
XQG.RQVXO*RXGVWLFNHULPPHUZLHGHUIUVHLQH8QWHUQHKPXQJHQLQ
(PSIDQJ JHQRPPHQ XQG VHLQH :HFKVHO KDWWHQ NXUVLHUW ZLH
%DUJHOG :DUXP JHUDGH MHW]W MHW]W MHW]W  XQG GHU &KHI GHU )LUPD
-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNZX‰WHZRKOZDVHUXQWHUGLHVHP-HW]WYHUVWDQG
GLHVHU=XVDPPHQEUXFKDXIDOOHQ6HLWHQGLHVHVWRWDOH=XUFN]LHKHQ
DOOHV 9HUWUDXHQV ZLH DXI 9HUDEUHGXQJ GLHVHV HLQPWLJH +HUIDOOHQ
EHU ¾% *UQOLFK½ XQWHU +LQWDQVHW]XQJ MHGHU 5FNVLFKW MD MHGHU
+|IOLFKNHLWVIRUP" 'HU .RQVXO ZlUH DOO]X QDLY JHZHVHQ KlWWH HU
QLFKW JHZX‰W GD‰ GDV $QVHKHQ VHLQHV HLJQHQ +DXVHV QDFK GHU
9HUOREXQJ *UQOLFKV PLW VHLQHU 7RFKWHU DXFK VHLQHP


6FKZLHJHUVRKQHKDWWH]XJXWHNRPPHQPVVHQ$EHUKDWWHGHU.UHGLW
GHVOHW]WHUHQVRYROONRPPHQVRHNODWDQWVRDXVVFKOLH‰OLFKYRQGHP
VHLQHQDEJHKDQJHQ":DU*UQOLFKVHOEVWGHQQQLFKWVJHZHVHQ"8QG
GLH (UNXQGLJXQJHQ GLH GHU .RQVXO HLQJH]RJHQ GLH %FKHU GLH HU
JHSUIW KDWWH"« 0RFKWH HV VLFK GDPLW YHUKDOWHQ ZLH HV ZROOWH VR
VWDQG VHLQ (QWVFKOX‰ LQ GLHVHU 6DFKH DXFK QLFKW GDV *OLHG HLQHV
)LQJHUV]XUHJHQIHVWHUDOVMHPDOV0DQVROOWHVLFKYHUUHFKQHWKDEHQ
$XJHQVFKHLQOLFK KDWWH ¾% *UQOLFK½ GLH $QVFKDXXQJ ]X HUZHFNHQ
JHZX‰WDOVVHLHUPLW-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNVROLGDULVFK"'LHVHPZLH
HV VFKLHQ HQWVHW]OLFK ZHLW YHUEUHLWHWHQ ,UUWXP PX‰WH HLQ IU DOOH
0DOH YRUJHEHXJW ZHUGHQ 8QG DXFKGLHVHU .HVVHOPH\HU VROOWH VLFK
ZXQGHUQ %HVD‰ GLHVHU %DMD]] HLQ *HZLVVHQ" (V VSUDQJ LQ GLH
$XJHQZLHVFKDPORVHUJDQ] DOOHLQ GDUDXI VSHNXOLHUW KDWWH GD‰ HU
-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN GHQ 0DQQ VHLQHU 7RFKWHU QLFKW ZUGH
IDOOHQODVVHQZLHHUGHPOlQJVWYHUQLFKWHWHQ*UQOLFK]ZDUIRUWXQG
IRUW .UHGLW JHZlKUW LKQ DEHU LPPHU EOXWLJHUH :XFKHU]LQVHQ KDWWH
XQWHUVFKUHLEHQODVVHQ« ª*OHLFKYLHO© VDJWH HU NXU] ª.RPPHQ ZLU
]XU 6DFKH :HQQ LFK KLHU DOV .DXIPDQQ PHLQ *XWDFKWHQ DEJHEHQ
VROO VR EHGDXHUH LFK DXVVSUHFKHQ ]X PVVHQ GD‰ GLHV GLH /DJH
HLQHV ]ZDU XQJOFNOLFKHQ DEHU DXFK HLQHV LQ KRKHP *UDGH
VFKXOGLJHQ0DQQHVLVW©
ª9DWHU«©VWDPPHOWH+HUU*UQOLFK
ª'LHVH$QUHGHNOLQJWPLUVFKOHFKWLQGLH2KUHQ©VDJWHGHU.RQVXO
UDVFKXQGKDUWª,KUH)RUGHUXQJHQPHLQ+HUU©IXKUHUIRUWLQGHPHU
VLFK IOFKWLJ GHP %DQNLHU ]XZDQGWH ªDQ +HUUQ *UQOLFK EHWUDJHQ
VHFK]LJWDXVHQG0DUN«©
ª0LWGHQUFNVWlQGLJHQXQGGHQ]XP.DSLWDOJHVFKODJHQHQ=LQVHQ
DFKWXQGVHFK]LJWDXVHQGVLHEHQKXQGHUWXQGIQIXQGIQI]LJ 0DUN XQG
IQI]HKQ6FKLOOLQJH©DQWZRUWHWH+HUU.HVVHOPH\HUEHKDJOLFK
ª6HKU ZRKO« 8QG 6LH ZlUHQ XQWHU NHLQHQ 8PVWlQGHQ JHQHLJW
,KUH*HGXOG]XYHUOlQJHUQ"©
+HUU.HVVHOPH\HUEHJDQQHLQIDFK]XODFKHQ(UODFKWHPLWRIIHQHP
0XQGH VWR‰ZHLVH RKQH HLQH 6SXU YRQ +RKQ XQG VRJDU JXWPWLJ
LQGHPHUGHP.RQVXOLQV*HVLFKWVDKDOVZROOWHHULKQ DXIIRUGHUQ
JOHLFKIDOOVHLQ]XVWLPPHQ


-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNVNOHLQHWLHIOLHJHQGH$XJHQWUEWHQVLFKXQG
XPJDEHQ VLFK SO|W]OLFK PLW URWHQ 5lQGHUQ GLH VLFK ELV ]X GHQ
:DQJHQNQRFKHQKLQ]RJHQ(UKDWWHQXUGHU)RUPZHJHQJHIUDJWXQG
ZX‰WH VHKU ZRKO GD‰ HLQ $XIVFKXE YRQ VHLWHQ GLHVHV HLQHQ
*OlXELJHUVGLH6DFKODJHJDQ]XQZHVHQWOLFKYHUlQGHUWKDEHQZUGH
$EHUGLH$UWLQGHUGLHVHU0HQVFKLKQ]XUFNZLHVEHVFKlPWHXQG
HUELWWHUWHLKQDXIVlX‰HUVWH0LWHLQHUHLQ]LJHQ+DQGEHZHJXQJVFKRE
HU DOOHV ZHLW YRQ VLFK ZDV YRU LKP ODJ OHJWH PLW HLQHP 5XFN GHQ
%OHLVWLIW DXI GHQ 7LVFK XQG VDJWH ª6R HUNOlUH LFK GD‰ LFK QLFKW
ZLOOHQV ELQ PLFK OlQJHU LQ LUJHQGHLQHU :HLVH PLW GLHVHU
$QJHOHJHQKHLW]XEHVFKlIWLJHQ©
ª$KDK©ULHI+HUU.HVVHOPH\HULQGHPHUVHLQH+lQGHLQGHU/XIW
VFKWWHOWH« ª'DV QHQQH LFK HLQ :RUW GDV QHQQH LFK ZUGLJ
JHVSURFKHQ 'HU +HUU .RQVXO ZLUG GLH 6DFKH JDQ] HLQIDFK UHJHOQ
2KQHODQJHV3DUODPHQWLHUHQ6FKODQNHUKDQG©
-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN VDK LKQ QLFKW HLQPDO DQ ª,FK NDQQ ,KQHQ
QLFKWKHOIHQPHLQ)UHXQG©ZDQGWHHUVLFKUXKLJDQ+HUUQ*UQOLFK
ª'LH 'LQJH PVVHQ GHQ :HJ QHKPHQ GHQ VLH HLQJHVFKODJHQ
KDEHQ«,FKVHKHPLFKQLFKWLQGHU/DJHVLHDXI]XKDOWHQ)DVVHQ6LH
VLFK XQG VXFKHQ 6LH 7URVW XQG .UDIW EHL *RWW ,FK PX‰ GLHVH
8QWHUUHGXQJDOVJHVFKORVVHQEHWUDFKWHQ©
hEHUUDVFKHQGHUZHLVH QDKP +HUUQ .HVVHOPH\HUV *HVLFKW HLQHQ
HUQVWHQ$XVGUXFNDQZDVVLFKJDQ]ZXQGHUOLFKDXVQDKPGDQQDEHU
QLFNWHHU+HUUQ*UQOLFKDXIPXQWHUQG]X'LHVHUVD‰EHZHJXQJVORV
XQGUDQJQXUVHLQHODQJHQ+lQGHDXIGHP7LVFKHVRKHIWLJGD‰GLH
)LQJHU OHLVH NUDFKWHQ ª9DWHU« +HUU .RQVXO«© VDJWH HU PLW
ZDQNHQGHU6WLPPH ª6LH ZHUGHQ« 6LH N|QQHQ PHLQHQ 5XLQ PHLQ
(OHQGQLFKWZROOHQ+|UHQ6LHPLFKDQ(VKDQGHOWVLFK LQ 6XPPD
XP HLQ 0DQNR YRQ KXQGHUW]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQG« 6LH N|QQHQ PLFK
UHWWHQ 6LH VLQG HLQ UHLFKHU 0DQQ %HWUDFKWHQ 6LH GLH 6XPPH ZLH
6LH ZROOHQ« DOV HLQH HQGJOWLJH $EILQGXQJ DOV GDV (UEWHLO ,KUHU
7RFKWHU DOV HLQ YHU]LQVEDUHV 'DUOHKHQ« ,FK ZHUGH DUEHLWHQ« 6LH
ZLVVHQGD‰LFKUHJHXQGILQGLJELQ«©
ª,FKKDEHPHLQOHW]WHV:RUWJHVSURFKHQ©VDJWHGHU.RQVXO
ª(UODXEHQ6LHPLU«N|QQHQ6LHQLFKW"©IUDJWH+HUU.HVVHOPH\HU
XQGVDKLKQGXUFKVHLQHQ.QHLIHUPLWNUDXVHU1DVHDQǻ:HQQLFK


GHP+HUUQ.RQVXO]XEHGHQNHQJHEHQGUIWH«GLHVZlUHHLJHQWOLFK
JHUDGHMHW]WHLQHDOOHUOLHEVWH2NNDVLRQGLH6WlUNHGHU)LUPD¾-RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRN½]XEHZHLVHQ«©
ª6LHWlWHQJXWGDUDQPHLQ+HUUGLH6RUJHIUGDV$QVHKHQPHLQHV
+DXVHV PLU VHOEVW ]X EHUODVVHQ 8P PHLQH =DKOXQJVIlKLJNHLW
NODU]XVWHOOHQKDEHLFKQLFKWQ|WLJPHLQ*HOGLQGLHQlFKVWH3IW]H
]XZHUIHQ«©
ª1LFKW GRFK QLFKW GRFK $DKDK ¾3ILLW]H½ LVW K|FKVW VSD‰KDIW
$EHU PHLQHQ +HUU .RQVXO QLFKW GD‰ GHU .RQNXUV ,KUHV +HUUQ
6FKZLHJHUVRKQHV DXFK ,KUH /DJH LQ HLQH IDOVFKH XQG VFKLHIH
%HOHXFKWXQJ«ZLH"«EULQJHQZUGH«ZLH"«UFNHQZUGH"«©
ª,FK NDQQ ,KQHQ QXU QRFK HLQPDO HPSIHKOHQ PHLQHQ 5XI LQ GHU
*HVFKlIWVZHOWPHLQHHLJHQH6DFKHVHLQ]XODVVHQ©VDJWHGHU.RQVXO
+HUU *UQOLFK VDK UDWORV VHLQHP %DQNLHU LQV *HVLFKW XQG EHJDQQ
YRQQHXHPª9DWHU«LFKIOHKH6LHDQEHGHQNHQ6LHZDV6LHWXQ«
,VW GHQQ YRQ PLU DOOHLQ GLH 5HGH" 2K LFK« PDJ LFK LPPHUKLQ
]XJUXQGHJHKHQ$EHU,KUH7RFKWHUPHLQ:HLEVLHGLHLFKVROLHEH
GLHLFKPLULQVRKHL‰HP.DPSIHHUZRUEHQ«XQGXQVHU.LQGXQVHU
EHLGHU XQVFKXOGLJHV .LQG« DXFK VLH LP (OHQG 1HLQ 9DWHU LFK
ZUGHHVQLFKWWUDJHQ ,FKZUGHPLFKW|WHQ-DPLWGLHVHUPHLQHU
HLJHQHQ +DQG ZUGH LFK PLFK W|WHQ« JODXEHQ 6LH PLU 8QG P|JH
GHU+LPPHO6LHGDQQYRQMHGHU6FKXOGIUHLVSUHFKHQ©
-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNOHKQWHEOHLFKXQGPLWSRFKHQGHP+HU]HQLQ
VHLQHP $UPVHVVHO =XP ]ZHLWHQ 0DOH VWUPWHQ GLH (PSILQGXQJHQ
GLHVHV 0DQQHV DXI LKQ HLQ GHUHQ bX‰HUXQJ GXUFKDXV GDV *HSUlJH
GHU (FKWKHLW WUXJ ZLHGHU PX‰WH HU ZLH GDPDOV DOV HU +HUUQ
*UQOLFK GHQ 7UDYHPQGHU %ULHI VHLQHU 7RFKWHU PLWJHWHLOW KDWWH
GLHVHOEH JUl‰OLFKH 'URKXQJ YHUQHKPHQ XQG ZLHGHU GXUFKVFKDXHUWH
LKQ GLH VFKZlUPHULVFKH (KUIXUFKW VHLQHU *HQHUDWLRQ YRU
PHQVFKOLFKHQ *HIKOHQ GLH VWHWV PLW VHLQHP QFKWHUQHQ XQG
SUDNWLVFKHQ*HVFKlIWVVLQQLQ+DGHUJHOHJHQKDWWH'LHVHU$QIDOODEHU
ZlKUWH QLFKW OlQJHU DOV HLQH 6HNXQGH +XQGHUW]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQG
0DUN« ZLHGHUKROWHHULQQHUOLFKXQG GDQQ VDJWH HUUXKLJ XQG IHVW
ª$QWRQLHLVWPHLQH7RFKWHU,FKZHUGH]XYHUKLQGHUQZLVVHQGD‰VLH
XQVFKXOGLJOHLGHW©


ª:DVZROOHQ6LHGDPLWVDJHQ«"©IUDJWH+HUU*UQOLFKLQGHPHU
ODQJVDPHUVWDUUWH«
ª'DVZHUGHQ6LHHUIDKUHQ©DQWZRUWHWHGHU.RQVXOª)UMHW]WKDEH
LFKPHLQHQ:RUWHQQLFKWVKLQ]X]XIJHQ©8QGGDPLWHUKREHUVLFK
VWHOOWHVHLQHQ6WXKOIHVWDXIGHQ%RGHQXQGZDQGWHVLFK]XU7U
+HUU *UQOLFK VD‰ VWXPP VWHLI IDVVXQJVORV XQG VHLQ 0XQG
EHZHJWH VLFKUXFNZHLVH QDFK EHLGHQ 6HLWHQ RKQH GD‰ VLFKLKP HLQ
:RUW]XHQWULQJHQYHUPRFKWH+HUUQ.HVVHOPH\HUV0XQWHUNHLWDEHU
NHKUWH EHL GLHVHU DEVFKOLH‰HQGHQ XQG HQGJOWLJHQ %HZHJXQJ GHV
.RQVXOV ]XUFN« MD VLH QDKP hEHUKDQG VLH EHUVFKULWW DOOH
*UHQ]HQXQGZXUGHIUFKWHUOLFK'DV%LQRNHOILHOYRQVHLQHU1DVH
GLH VLFK ]ZLVFKHQ GLH $XJHQ KLQDXI]RJ ZlKUHQG VHLQ ZLQ]LJHU
0XQG LQ GHP GLH EHLGHQ (FN]lKQH JHOE XQG HLQVDP UDJWHQ ]X
]HUUHL‰HQ GURKWH 6HLQH NOHLQHQ URWHQ +lQGH UXGHUWHQ LQ GHU /XIW
VHLQH )ODXPIHGHUQ IODWWHUWHQ VHLQ JlQ]OLFK YHUVFKREHQHV XQG YRU
EHUPl‰LJHU )U|KOLFKNHLW YHU]HUUWHV *HVLFKW PLW GHP ZHL‰HQ
JHVFKRUHQHQ%DFNHQEDUWZDU]LQQREHUIDUEHQ«
ª$DKDK© VFKULH HU GD‰ VHLQH 6WLPPH VLFK EHUVFKOXJ« ª'DV
ILQGH LFK K|FKVW« K|FKVW VSD‰KDIW $EHU 6LH VROOWHQ HV VLFK
EHUOHJHQ +HUU .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN HLQ VROFK DOOHUOLHEVWHV HLQ
VROFK N|VWOLFKHV ([HPSODU YRQ HLQHP 6FKZLHJHUV|KQFKHQ LQ GHQ
*UDEHQ]XZHUIHQ«6RHWZDVYRQ5HJVDPNHLWXQG)LQGLJNHLWJLEW
HV DXI *RWWHV ZHLWHU OLHEHU (UGHQZHOW QLFKW ]XP ]ZHLWHQ 0DOH
$KDKVFKRQYRUYLHU-DKUHQDOVXQVVFKRQHLQPDOGDV0HVVHUDQGHU
.HKOHVWDQG«GHU6WULFNXPGHQ+DOVODJ«ZLHZLUGDSO|W]OLFKGLH
9HUOREXQJ PLW 0DGHPRLVHOOH %XGGHQEURRN DQ GHU %|UVH
DXVVFKUHLHQ OLH‰HQ QRFK EHYRU VLH ZLUNOLFK VWDWWJHIXQGHQ KDWWH«
MHGHUOHL$FKWXQJ1DQHLQPHLQHK|FKVWH$QHUNHQQXQJ«©
ª.HVVHOPH\HU© NUHLVFKWH +HUU *UQOLFK PDFKWH NUDPSIKDIWH
%HZHJXQJHQ PLW GHQ +lQGHQ DOV RE HU HLQ *HVSHQVW YRQ VLFK
DEZHKUWH XQG OLHI LQ HLQHQ :LQNHO GHV =LPPHUV ZRVHOEVW HU VLFK
DXIHLQHQ6WXKOVHW]WHGDV*HVLFKWLQGHQ+lQGHQYHUEDUJXQGVLFK
VR WLHI EFNWH GD‰ GLH (QGHQ VHLQHU )DYRULV DXI VHLQHQ 6FKHQNHOQ
ODJHQ(LQLJH0DOH]RJHUVRJDUGLH.QLHHPSRU
ª:LH KDEHQ ZLU GDV HLJHQWOLFK JHPDFKW"© IXKU +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU
IRUWª:LHKDEHQZLUHVHLJHQWOLFKDQJHIDQJHQGDV7|FKWHUFKHQXQG


GLH DFKW]LJWDXVHQG 0DUN ]X HUJDWWHUQ" 2KR GDV DUUDQJLHUW VLFK
:HQQPDQDXFKQXUIUHLQHQ6HFKVOLQJ5HJVDPNHLWXQG)LQGLJNHLW
EHVLW]W VR DUUDQJLHUW VLFK GDV 0DQ OHJW GHP UHWWHQGHQ +HUUQ 3DSD
UHFKW KEVFKH %FKHU YRU DOOHUOLHEVWH UHLQOLFKH %FKHU LQ GHQHQ
DOOHVDXIVEHVWHEHVWHOOWLVW«QXUGD‰VLHPLWGHUUDXKHQ:LUNOLFKNHLW
QLFKWY|OOLJEHUHLQVWLPPHQ«'HQQLQGHUUDXKHQ:LUNOLFKNHLWVLQG
GUHL9LHUWHOGHU0LWJLIWVFKRQ:HFKVHOVFKXOGHQ©
'HU.RQVXOVWDQGWRWHQEOD‰DQGHU7UGHQ*ULIILQGHU+DQG'DV
*UDXHQ UDQQ LKP GHQ 5FNHQ KLQXQWHU %HIDQG HU VLFK LQ GLHVHU
NOHLQHQ XQUXKLJ EHOHXFKWHWHQ 6WXEH DOOHLQ PLW HLQHP *DXQHU XQG
HLQHP YRU %RVKHLW WROOHQ $IIHQ" ª+HUU LFK YHUDFKWH ,KUH :RUWH©
EUDFKWH HU PLW JHULQJHU 6LFKHUKHLW KHUYRU ª,FK YHUDFKWH ,KUH
ZDKQVLQQLJHQ 9HUOHXPGXQJHQ XP VR PHKU DOV VLH DXFK PLFK
WUHIIHQ« PLFK GHU LFK PHLQH 7RFKWHU QLFKW OHLFKWIHUWLJHUZHLVH LQV
8QJOFN JHEUDFKW KDEH ,FK KDEH VLFKHUH (UNXQGLJXQJHQ EHU
PHLQHQ6FKZLHJHUVRKQHLQJH]RJHQ«GDVEULJHZDU*RWWHV:LOOH©
(U ZDQGWH VLFK HU ZROOWH QLFKWV PHKU K|UHQ HU |IIQHWH GLH 7U
$EHU +HUU .HVVHOPH\HU VFKULH LKP QDFK ª$KDK" (UNXQGLJXQJHQ"
%HL ZHP" %HL %RFN" %HL *RXGVWLFNHU" %HL 3HWHUVHQ" %HL
¾0D‰PDQQ 7LPP½"'LHZDUHQMDDOOHHQJDJLHUW'LHZDUHQMDDOOH
JDQ]XQJHKHXHUHQJDJLHUW'LHZDUHQMDDOOHXQJHPHLQIURKGD‰VLH
GXUFKGLH+HLUDWVLFKHUJHVWHOOWZXUGHQ«©
'HU.RQVXOVFKOXJGLH7UKLQWHUVLFK]X

1HXQWHV.DSLWHO

,P 6SHLVH]LPPHU KDQWLHUWH 'RUD GLH QLFKW JDQ] HKUOLFKH .|FKLQ


ª%LWWH 0DGDPH *UQOLFK KHUXQWHU]XNRPPHQ© EHIDKO GHU .RQVXO
ª0DFKGLFKIHUWLJPHLQ.LQG©VDJWHHUDOV7RQ\HUVFKLHQ(UJLQJ
PLW LKU LQ GHQ 6DORQ KLQEHU ª0DFK GLFK LQ DOOHU (LOH EHUHLW XQG
WUDJH 6RUJH GD‰ DXFK (ULND EDOG UHLVHIHUWLJ LVW« :LU IDKUHQ ]XU
6WDGW« :LU ZHUGHQ LP *DVWKRI EHUQDFKWHQ XQG PRUJHQ QDFK
+DXVHIDKUHQ©


ª-D3DSD©VDJWH7RQ\,KU*HVLFKWZDUURWYHUVW|UWXQGUDWORV6LH
PDFKWH XQQW]H XQG HLOIHUWLJH +DQGEHZHJXQJHQ DQ LKUHU 7DLOOH
RKQH]XZLVVHQZRPLWVLHLKUH9RUEHUHLWXQJHQEHJLQQHQVROOWHXQG
RKQH QRFK UHFKW DQ GLH :LUNOLFKNHLW GLHVHV (UOHEQLVVHV JODXEHQ ]X
N|QQHQ ª:DV VROO LFK PLWQHKPHQ 3DSD"© IUDJWH VLH lQJVWOLFK XQG
HUUHJW« $OOHV" $OOH .OHLGHU" (LQHQ RGHU ]ZHL .RIIHU"« 0DFKW
*UQOLFK ZLUNOLFK %DQNHURWW"« 2 *RWW« $EHU NDQQ LFK GDQQ
PHLQH 6FKPXFNVDFKHQ PLWQHKPHQ"« 3DSD GLH 0lGFKHQ PVVHQ
GRFK JHKHQ« LFK NDQQ VLH QLFKW PHKU DEORKQHQ« *UQOLFK KlWWH
PLUKHXWHRGHUPRUJHQ:LUWVFKDIWVJHOGJHEHQPVVHQ«©
ª/D‰ GDV PHLQ .LQG GLHVH 'LQJH ZHUGHQ KLHU JHRUGQHW ZHUGHQ
1LPP QXU GDV 1RWZHQGLJVWH« HLQHQ.RIIHU«HLQHQ NOHLQHQ0DQ
ZLUG GLU GHLQ (LJHQWXP QDFKVFKLFNHQ 6SXWH GLFK K|UVW GX" :LU
KDEHQ«©
,Q GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN ZXUGHQ GLH 3RUWLHUHQ
DXVHLQDQGHUJHVFKODJHQ XQG LQ GHQ 6DORQ NDP +HUU *UQOLFK 0LW
UDVFKHQ 6FKULWWHQ GLH $UPH DXVJHEUHLWHW XQG GHQ .RSI ]XU 6HLWH
JHQHLJWLQGHU+DOWXQJHLQHV0DQQHVZHOFKHUVDJHQZLOO+LHUELQ
LFK7|WHPLFKZHQQGXZLOOVWHLOWHHUDXIVHLQH*DWWLQ]XXQGVDQN
GLFKW YRU LKU DXI EHLGH .QLH QLHGHU 6HLQ $QEOLFN ZDU
PLWOHLGHUUHJHQG 6HLQH JROGJHOEHQ )DYRULV ZDUHQ ]HU]DXVW VHLQ
/HLEURFN ZDU ]HUNQLWWHUW VHLQH +DOVELQGH YHUVFKREHQ VHLQ .UDJHQ
VWDQGRIIHQXQGDXIVHLQHU6WLUQZDUHQNOHLQH7URSIHQ]XEHPHUNHQ
ª$QWRQLH«© VDJWH HU ª6LHK PLFK KLHU« +DVW GX HLQ +HU] HLQ
IKOHQGHV +HU]"« +|UH PLFK DQ« GX VLHKVW HLQHQ 0DQQ YRU GLU
GHU YHUQLFKWHW ]XJUXQGH JHULFKWHW LVW ZHQQ« MD GHU YRU .XPPHU
VWHUEHQ ZLUG ZHQQ GX VHLQH /LHEH YHUVFKPlKVW +LHU OLHJH LFK«
EULQJVWGXHVEHUGDV+HU]PLU]XVDJHQ,FKYHUDEVFKHXHGLFK "
,FKYHUODVVHGLFK"©
7RQ\ ZHLQWH (V ZDU JHQDX ZLH GDPDOV LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU
:LHGHU VDK VLH GLHV DQJVWYHU]HUUWH *HVLFKW GLHVH IOHKHQGHQ $XJHQ
DXI VLFK JHULFKWHW XQG ZLHGHU VDK VLH PLW (UVWDXQHQ XQG 5KUXQJ
GD‰GLHVH$QJVWXQGGLHVHV)OHKHQHKUOLFKXQGXQJHKHXFKHOWZDUHQ
ª6WHKDXI*UQOLFK©VDJWHVLHVFKOXFK]HQGª%LWWHVWHKGRFKDXI©
8QG VLH YHUVXFKWH LKQ DQ GHQ 6FKXOWHUQ HPSRU]XKHEHQ ª,FK
YHUDEVFKHXHGLFKQLFKW:LHNDQQVWGXGHUJOHLFKHQVDJHQ«©2KQH
]X ZLVVHQ ZDV VLH VRQVW QRFK VSUHFKHQ VROOWH ZDQGWH VLH VLFK


YROONRPPHQ KLOIORV LKUHP 9DWHU ]X 'HU .RQVXO HUJULII LKUH +DQG
YHUQHLJWH VLFK YRU VHLQHP 6FKZLHJHUVRKQ XQG JLQJ PLW LKU GHU
.RUULGRUWUH]X
ª'XJHKVW"©ULHI+HUU*UQOLFKXQGVSUDQJDXIGLH)‰H«
ª,FKKDEH,KQHQVFKRQDXVJHVSURFKHQ©VDJWHGHU.RQVXOªGD‰LFK
HV QLFKW YHUDQWZRUWHQ NDQQ PHLQ .LQG VR JDQ] XQYHUVFKXOGHW GHP
8QJOFN]XEHUODVVHQXQGLFK IJH KLQ]X GD‰DXFK 6LH GDV QLFKW
N|QQHQ 1HLQ PHLQ +HUU 6LH KDEHQ GHQ %HVLW] PHLQHU 7RFKWHU
YHUVFKHU]W8QG GDQNHQ 6LH ,KUHP 6FK|SIHUGDIU GD‰ HU GDV +HU]
GLHVHV.LQGHVVRUHLQXQGDKQXQJVORVHUKDOWHQKDWGD‰VLHVLFKRKQH
$EVFKHXYRQ,KQHQWUHQQW/HEHQ6LHZRKO©
+LHU DEHU YHUORU +HUU *UQOLFK GHQ .RSI (U KlWWH YRQ NXU]HU
7UHQQXQJYRQ5FNNHKUXQGQHXHP/HEHQVSUHFKHQXQGYLHOOHLFKW
GLH (UEVFKDIW UHWWHQ N|QQHQ DEHU HV ZDU ]X (QGH PLW VHLQHU
hEHUOHJXQJVHLQHU5HJVDPNHLWXQG)LQGLJNHLW(UKlWWHGHQJUR‰HQ
XQ]HUEUHFKOLFKHQ EURQ]HQHQ 7HOOHU QHKPHQ N|QQHQ GHU DXI GHU
6SLHJHOHWDJHUHVWDQGDEHUHUQDKPGLHGQQHPLW%OXPHQEHPDOWH
9DVHGLHVLFKGLFKWGDQHEHQEHIDQGXQGZDUIVLH]X%RGHQGD‰VLH
LQ WDXVHQG 6WFNH ]HUVSUDQJ« ª+D 6FK|Q *XW© VFKULH HU ª*HK
QXU0HLQVWGXGD‰LFKGLUQDFKKHXOHGX*DQV"$FKQHLQ6LHLUUHQ
VLFK PHLQH 7HXHUVWH ,FK KDEH GLFK QXU GHLQHV *HOGHV ZHJHQ
JHKHLUDWHWDEHUGDHVQRFKODQJHQLFKWJHQXJZDUVRPDFKQXUGD‰
GX ZLHGHU QDFK +DXVH NRPPVW ,FK ELQ GHLQHU EHUGUVVLJ«
EHUGUVVLJ«EHUGUVVLJ«©
-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN IKUWH VHLQH 7RFKWHU VFKZHLJHQG KLQDXV (U
VHOEVWDEHUNHKUWHQRFKHLQPDO]XUFNVFKULWWDXI+HUUQ*UQOLFK]X
GHUGLH+lQGHDXIGHP5FNHQDP)HQVWHUVWDQGXQGLQGHQ5HJHQ
KLQDXVVWDUUWH EHUKUWH VDQIW VHLQH 6FKXOWHU XQG VSUDFK OHLVH XQG
PDKQHQGª)DVVHQ6LHVLFK%HWHQ6LH©


=HKQWHV.DSLWHO

'DV JUR‰H +DXV LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H EOLHE ODQJH =HLW YRQ HLQHU
JHGlPSIWHQ6WLPPXQJHUIOOWDOV0DGDPH*UQOLFK]XVDPPHQPLW
LKUHU NOHLQHQ 7RFKWHU GRUW ZLHGHU HLQJH]RJHQ ZDU 0DQ JLQJ
EHKXWVDP XPKHU XQG VSUDFK QLFKW JHUQH ¾GDYRQ½« DXVJHQRPPHQ
GLH+DXSWSHUVRQGHUJDQ]HQ$QJHOHJHQKHLWVHOEVWGLHLP*HJHQWHLOH
PLW /HLGHQVFKDIW GDYRQ VSUDFK XQG VLFK GDEHL ZDKUKDIW LQ LKUHP
(OHPHQWHIKOWH
7RQ\ EH]RJ PLW (ULND LP ]ZHLWHQ 6WRFNZHUN GLH =LPPHU GLH
HKHPDOV ]XU =HLW GHU DOWHQ %XGGHQEURRNV LKUH (OWHUQ LQQHJHKDEW
KDWWHQ6LHZDUHLQZHQLJHQWWlXVFKWDOVLKU3DSDHVVLFKNHLQHVZHJV
LQ GHQ 6LQQ NRPPHQ OLH‰ HLQ HLJQHV 'LHQVWPlGFKHQ IU VLH ]X
HQJDJLHUHQXQGVLHGXUFKOHEWHHLQHQDFKGHQNOLFKHKDOEH6WXQGHDOV
HU LKU PLW VDQIWHQ :RUWHQ DXVHLQDQGHUVHW]WH HV ]LHPH VLFK
YRUGHUKDQGQLFKWVDQGHUHVIUVLHDOVLQ=XUFNJH]RJHQKHLW]XOHEHQ
XQG DXI GLH *HVHOOLJNHLW LQ GHU 6WDGW ]X YHU]LFKWHQ GHQQ ZHQQ VLH
DXFKDQGHP*HVFKLFNGDV*RWWDOV3UIXQJEHUVLHYHUKlQJWQDFK
PHQVFKOLFKHQ %HJULIIHQ XQVFKXOGLJ VHL VR OHJH GRFK LKUH 6WHOOXQJ
DOV JHVFKLHGHQH )UDX LKU IUV HUVWH GLH lX‰HUVWH =XUFNKDOWXQJ DXI
$EHU7RQ\EHVD‰GLHVFK|QH*DEHVLFKMHGHU/HEHQVODJHPLW7DOHQW
*HZDQGWKHLWXQGOHEKDIWHU)UHXGHDP1HXHQDQ]XSDVVHQ6LHJHILHO
VLFK EDOG LQ LKUHU 5ROOH DOV HLQH YRQ XQYHUVFKXOGHWHP 8QJOFN
KHLPJHVXFKWH )UDX NOHLGHWH VLFK GXQNHO WUXJ LKU KEVFKHV
DVFKEORQGHV+DDUJODWWJHVFKHLWHOWZLHDOVMXQJHV0lGFKHQXQGKLHOW
VLFK IU GLH PDQJHOQGH *HVHOOLJNHLW VFKDGORV LQGHP VLH ]X +DXVH
PLWXQJHKHXUHU:LFKWLJNHLWXQGXQHUPGOLFKHU)UHXGHDQGHP(UQVW
XQGGHU%HGHXWVDPNHLWLKUHU/DJH%HWUDFKWXQJHQEHULKUH(KHEHU
+HUUQ *UQOLFK XQG EHU /HEHQ XQG 6FKLFNVDO LP DOOJHPHLQHQ
DQVWHOOWH
1LFKWMHGHUPDQQERWLKU*HOHJHQKHLWGD]X'LH.RQVXOLQZDU]ZDU
EHU]HXJW GD‰ LKU *DWWH NRUUHNW XQG SIOLFKWJHPl‰ JHKDQGHOW KDEH
DEHU VLH HUKRE ZHQQ 7RQ\ ]X VSUHFKHQ EHJDQQ QXU OHLFKW LKUH
VFK|QH ZHL‰H +DQG XQG VDJWH ª$VVH] PHLQ .LQG ,FK K|UH QLFKW
JHUQYRQGLHVHU$IIlUH©


&ODUDHUVW]Z|OIMlKULJYHUVWDQGQLFKWVYRQGHU6DFKHXQG&RXVLQH
7KLOGDZDUJOHLFKIDOOV]XGXPP ª2 7RQ\ ZLH WUDXULJ© ZDU DOOHV
ZDV VLH ODQJJHGHKQW XQG HUVWDXQW KHUYRU]XEULQJHQ ZX‰WH 'DJHJHQ
IDQG GLH MXQJH )UDX HLQH DXIPHUNVDPH =XK|UHULQ LQ 0DPVHOO
-XQJPDQQ GLH QXQ VFKRQ IXQIXQGGUHL‰LJ -DKUH ]lKOWH XQG VLFK
UKPHQ GXUIWH LP 'LHQVWH GHU HUVWHQ .UHLVH HUJUDXW ]X VHLQ
ª%UDXFKVWQLFKW)XUFKW]XKDEHQ7RQ\FKHQPHLQ.LQGFKHQ©VDJWH
VLH ªELVW QRFK MXQJ ZLUVW GLFK ZLHGHU YHUKHLUDWHQ© hEULJHQV
ZLGPHWH VLH VLFK PLW /LHEH XQG 7UHXH GHU (U]LHKXQJ GHU NOHLQHQ
(ULND XQG HU]lKOWH LKU GLHVHOEHQ (ULQQHUXQJHQ XQG *HVFKLFKWHQ
GHQHQYRUIQI]HKQ-DKUHQGLH.LQGHUGHV.RQVXOVJHODXVFKWKDWWHQ
YRQ HLQHP 2QNHO LP EHVRQGHUHQ GHU ]X 0DULHQZHUGHU DP
6FKOXFNDXIJHVWRUEHQZDUZHLOHUªVLFKGDV+HU]DEJHVWR‰HQ©KDWWH
$P OLHEVWHQ XQG OlQJVWHQ DEHU SODXGHUWH 7RQ\ QDFK GHP
0LWWDJHVVHQRGHUPRUJHQV EHLP HUVWHQ )UKVWFN PLW LKUHP 9DWHU
,KU9HUKlOWQLV]XLKPZDUPLWHLQHP6FKODJHZHLWLQQLJHUJHZRUGHQ
DOV IUKHU 6LH KDWWH ELVODQJ EHL VHLQHU 0DFKWVWHOOXQJ LQ GHU 6WDGW
EHL VHLQHU HPVLJHQ VROLGHQ VWUHQJHQ XQG IURPPHQ 7FKWLJNHLW
PHKU lQJVWOLFKH (KUIXUFKW DOV =lUWOLFKNHLW IU LKQ HPSIXQGHQ
ZlKUHQG MHQHU $XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJ DEHU LQ LKUHP 6DORQ ZDU HU LKU
PHQVFKOLFK QDKHJHWUHWHQ XQG HV KDWWH VLH PLW 6WRO] XQG 5KUXQJ
HUIOOWGD‰HUVLHHLQHVYHUWUDXWHQXQGHUQVWHQ*HVSUlFKHVEHUGLHVH
6DFKH JHZUGLJW GD‰HU GLH (QWVFKHLGXQJ LKU VHOEVW DQKHLPJHVWHOOW
XQGGD‰HUGHU8QDQWDVWEDUHLKUIDVWPLW'HPXWJHVWDQGHQHUIKOH
VLFK QLFKW VFKXOGORV LKU JHJHQEHU (V LVW VLFKHU GD‰ 7RQ\ VHOEVW
QLHPDOVDXIGLHVHQ*HGDQNHQJHNRPPHQZlUHGDHUHVDEHUVDJWH
VRJODXEWHVLHHVXQGLKUH*HIKOHIULKQZXUGHQZHLFKHUXQG]DUWHU
GDGXUFK :DV GHQ .RQVXO VHOEVW DQJLQJ VR lQGHUWH HU VHLQH
$QVFKDXXQJVZHLVH QLFKW XQG JODXEWH VHLQHU 7RFKWHU PLW
YHUGRSSHOWHU/LHEHLKUVFKZHUHV*HVFKLFNHQWJHOWHQ]XPVVHQ
-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNZDULQNHLQHU:HLVHSHUV|QOLFKJHJHQVHLQHQ
EHWUJHULVFKHQ6FKZLHJHUVRKQYRUJHJDQJHQ=ZDUKDWWHQ7RQ\ XQG
LKUH0XWWHUDXVGHP9HUODXIHHLQLJHU*HVSUlFKHHUIDKUHQ]XZHOFK
XQUHGOLFKHQ 0LWWHOQ +HUU *UQOLFK JHJULIIHQ KDWWH XP
DFKW]LJWDXVHQG0DUN]XHUODQJHQDEHUGHU.RQVXOKWHWHVLFKZRKO
GLH 6DFKH GHU gIIHQWOLFKNHLW RGHU JDU GHU -XVWL] ]X EHUJHEHQ (U
IKOWH LQ VHLQHP 6WRO] DOV *HVFKlIWVPDQQ VLFK ELWWHU JHNUlQNW XQG


YHUZDQG VFKZHLJHQG GLH 6FKPDFK VR SOXPS EHUV 2KU JHKDXHQ
ZRUGHQ]XVHLQ
-HGHQIDOOV VWUHQJWH HU VREDOG GHU .RQNXUV GHV +DXVHV ¾%
*UQOLFK½ HUIROJW  GHU EULJHQV LQ +DPEXUJ YHUVFKLHGHQHQ )LUPHQ
QLFKW XQHUKHEOLFKH 9HUOXVWH EHUHLWHWH  PLW (QWVFKORVVHQKHLW GHQ
6FKHLGXQJVSUR]H‰DQ«XQGGLHVHU3UR]H‰ZDUHVKDXSWVlFKOLFKGHU
*HGDQNH GD‰ VLH VLH VHOEVW GHQ 0LWWHOSXQNW HLQHV ZLUNOLFKHQ
3UR]HVVHV ELOGHWH GHU 7RQ\ PLW HLQHP XQEHVFKUHLEOLFKHQ
:UGHJHIKOHUIOOWH
ª9DWHU© VDJWH VLH GHQQ LQ VROFKHQ *HVSUlFKHQ QDQQWH VLH GHQ
.RQVXOQLHPDOV¾3DSD½ª9DWHUZLHJHKWXQVHUH6DFKHYRUZlUWV"'X
PHLQVW GRFK GD‰ DOOHV JXW JHKHQ ZLUG" 'HU 3DUDJUDSK LVW
YROONRPPHQ NODU LFK KDEH LKQ JHQDX VWXGLHUW ¾8QIlKLJNHLW GHV
0DQQHV VHLQH )DPLOLH ]X HUQlKUHQ«½ 'LH +HUUHQ PVVHQ GDV
HLQVHKHQ:HQQHLQ6RKQGDZlUHZUGH*UQOLFKLKQEHKDOWHQ«©
(LQ DQGHUHV 0DO VDJWH VLH ª,FK KDEH QRFK YLHO EHU GLH -DKUH
PHLQHU(KHQDFKJHGDFKW9DWHU+DDOVRGHVKDOEZROOWHGHU0HQVFK
GXUFKDXVQLFKWGD‰ZLULQGHU6WDGWZRKQWHQZDVLFKGRFKVRVHKU
ZQVFKWH$OVRGHVKDOEVDKHUHVQLHPDOVJHUQGD‰LFKEHUKDXSWLQ
GHU 6WDGW YHUNHKUWH XQG *HVHOOVFKDIWHQ EHVXFKWH 'LH *HIDKU ZDU
GRUW ZRKO JU|‰HU DOV LQ (LPVEWWHO GD‰ LFK DXI LUJHQGHLQH :HLVH
HUIXKUZLHHVHLJHQWOLFKXPLKQEHVWHOOWZDU«:DVIUHLQ)LORX©
ª:LUVROOHQQLFKWULFKWHQPHLQ.LQG©HUZLGHUWHGHU.RQVXO
2GHU VLH EHJDQQ DOV GLH (KHVFKHLGXQJ DXVJHVSURFKHQ ZDU PLW
ZLFKWLJHU 0LHQH ª'X KDVW HV GRFK VFKRQ LQ GLH )DPLOLHQSDSLHUH
HLQJHWUDJHQ9DWHU"1HLQ"2KGDQQGDUILFKHVZRKOWXQ«%LWWHJLE
PLUGHQ6FKOVVHO]XP6HNUHWlU©
8QGHPVLJXQGVWRO]VFKULHEVLHXQWHUGLH=HLOHQ GLHVLH YRU YLHU
-DKUHQKLQWHULKUHQ1DPHQJHVHW]Wª'LHVH(KHZDUG$QQRLP
)HEUXDUUHFKWVNUlIWLJZLHGHUDXIJHO|VW©
'DQQ OHJWH VLH GLH )HGHU IRUW XQG GDFKWH HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN QDFK
ª9DWHU©VDJWHVLHªLFKZHL‰ZRKOGD‰GLHV(UHLJQLVHLQHQ)OHFNHQ
LQXQVHUHU)DPLOLHQJHVFKLFKWHELOGHW-DLFKKDEHVFKRQYLHOGDUEHU
QDFKJHGDFKW(VLVWJHQDXDOVZlUHKLHUHLQ7LQWHQNOHFNVLQGLHVHP
%XFKH $EHU VHL UXKLJ« HV LVW PHLQH 6DFKH LKQ ZLHGHU
IRUW]XUDGLHUHQ ,FK ELQ QRFK MXQJ« ILQGHVW GX QLFKW GD‰ LFK QRFK


]LHPOLFK KEVFK ELQ" 2EJOHLFK 0DGDP¶ 6WXKW DOV VLH PLFK
ZLHGHUVDK]XPLUVDJWH¾2*RWW0DGDP¶*UQOLFKZLHVLQG6LHDOW
JHZRUGHQ½1XQPDQNDQQXQP|JOLFKVHLQ/HEWDJHLQHVROFKH*DQV
EOHLEHQZLHLFKYRU-DKUHQZDU«GDV/HEHQQLPPWHLQHQQDWUOLFK
PLW« .XU] QHLQ LFK ZHUGH PLFK ZLHGHU YHUKHLUDWHQ 'X VROOVW
VHKHQ DOOHV ZLUG GXUFK HLQH QHXH YRUWHLOKDIWH 3DUWLH ZLHGHU
JXWJHPDFKWZHUGHQ0HLQVWGXQLFKW"©
ª'DV VWHKW LQ *RWWHV +DQG PHLQ .LQG $EHU HV VFKLFNW VLFK
GXUFKDXVQLFKWMHW]WEHUVROFKH'LQJH]XVSUHFKHQ©
,P EULJHQ EHJDQQ 7RQ\ XP GLHVH =HLW VLFK VHKU RIW GHU
5HGHZHQGXQJ ª:LH HV LP /HEHQ VR JHKW«© ]X EHGLHQHQ XQG EHL
GHP :RUWH ª/HEHQ© KDWWH VLH HLQHQ KEVFKHQ XQG HUQVWHQ
$XJHQDXIVFKODJ ZHOFKHU ]X DKQHQ JDE ZHOFK WLHIH %OLFNH VLH LQ
0HQVFKHQOHEHQXQGVFKLFNVDOJHWDQ«
'HU7LVFKLP(‰VDDOHYHUJU|‰HUWHVLFKQRFKPHKUXQG7RQ\HUKLHOW
QHXH*HOHJHQKHLWVLFKDXV]XVSUHFKHQDOV7KRPDVLP$XJXVWGLHVHV
-DKUHV YRQ 3DX QDFK +DXVH ]XUFNNHKUWH 6LH OLHEWH XQG YHUHKUWH
GLHVHQ%UXGHUGHUMDDXFKGDPDOVEHLGHU$EUHLVHYRQ7UDYHPQGH
LKUHQ 6FKPHU] JHNDQQW XQG JHZUGLJW KDWWH XQG LQ GHP VLH GHQ
]XNQIWLJHQ )LUPHQFKHI GDV HLQVWPDOLJH )DPLOLHQREHUKDXSW
HUEOLFNWH YRQ JDQ]HP +HU]HQ ª-D MD© VDJWH HU ªZLU EHLGH KDEHQ
VFKRQ DOOHUKDQG GXUFKJHPDFKW 7RQ\«© 'DQQ ]RJ HU HLQH %UDXH
HPSRU OLH‰ GLH UXVVLVFKH =LJDUHWWH LQ GHQ DQGHUHQ 0XQGZLQNHO
ZDQGHUQXQG GDFKWH ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK DQ GDV NOHLQH %OXPHQPlGFKHQ
PLW GHP PDODLLVFKHQ *HVLFKWVW\SXV GDV YRU NXU]HU =HLW GHQ 6RKQ
LKUHU %URWJHEHULQ JHKHLUDWHW KDWWH XQG QXQ DXI HLJHQH +DQG GDV
%OXPHQJHVFKlIWLQGHU)LVFKHUJUXEHIRUWIKUWH
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN QRFK HLQ ZHQLJ EOD‰ ZDU HLQH DXIIDOOHQG
HOHJDQWH (UVFKHLQXQJ (V VFKLHQ GD‰ GLHVH OHW]WHQ -DKUH VHLQH
(U]LHKXQJGXUFKDXVYROOHQGHWKDWWHQ0LWVHLQHUEHUGHQ2KUHQ]X
NOHLQHQ +JHOQ ]XVDPPHQJHEUVWHWHQ )ULVXU PLW VHLQHP QDFK
IUDQ]|VLVFKHU 0RGH VHKU VSLW] JHGUHKWHQ XQG PLW GHU %UHQQ]DQJH
ZDDJHUHFKW DXVJH]RJHQHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW XQG VHLQHU XQWHUVHW]WHQ
]LHPOLFKEUHLWVFKXOWHULJHQ*HVWDOWPDFKWHVHLQH)LJXUHLQHQEHLQDKH
PLOLWlULVFKHQ (LQGUXFN $EHU GDV EOlXOLFKH DOO]X VLFKWEDUH *HlGHU
DQ VHLQHQ VFKPDOHQ 6FKOlIHQ YRQ GHQHQ GDV +DDU LQ ]ZHL
(LQEXFKWXQJHQ ]XUFNWUDW VRZLH HLQH OHLFKWH 1HLJXQJ ]XP


6FKWWHOIURVW GLH GHU JXWH 'RNWRU *UDERZ YHUJHEHQV EHNlPSIWH
GHXWHWHDQGD‰VHLQH.RQVWLWXWLRQQLFKWEHVRQGHUVNUlIWLJZDU:DV
(LQ]HOKHLWHQ GHU .|USHUELOGXQJ ZLH GDV .LQQ GLH 1DVH XQG
EHVRQGHUV GLH +lQGH« ZXQGHUEDU HFKW %XGGHQEURRN¶VFKH +lQGH
EHWUDI VR ZDU VHLQH bKQOLFKNHLW PLW GHP *UR‰YDWHU QRFK JU|‰HU
JHZRUGHQ
(U VSUDFK HLQ PLW VSDQLVFKHQ /DXWHQ XQWHUPLVFKWHV )UDQ]|VLVFK
XQGVHW]WHMHGHUPDQQGXUFKVHLQH/LHEKDEHUHLIUJHZLVVHPRGHUQH
6FKULIWVWHOOHUVDWLULVFKHQXQGSROHPLVFKHQ&KDUDNWHUVLQ(UVWDXQHQ«
1XUEHLGHPILQVWHUHQ0DNOHU+HUUQ*|VFKIDQGHULQGHU6WDGWIU
GLHVH1HLJXQJ9HUVWlQGQLVVHLQ9DWHUYHUXUWHLOWHVLHDXIVVWUHQJVWH
'DV KLQGHUWH QLFKW GD‰ GHU 6WRO] XQG GDV *OFN GDV GHU .RQVXO
EHUVHLQHQlOWHVWHQ6RKQHPSIDQGLKPLQGHQ$XJHQ]XOHVHQZDU
0LW 5KUXQJ XQG )UHXGH EHJU‰WH HU LKQ DOVEDOG QDFK VHLQHU
$QNXQIWDXIVQHXHDOV0LWDUEHLWHULQVHLQHQ&RPSWRLUVLQGHQHQHU
VHOEVWMHW]WZLHGHUPLWJU|‰HUHU*HQXJWXXQJ]XZLUNHQEHJDQQXQG
]ZDU QDFK GHP 7RGH GHU DOWHQ 0DGDPH .U|JHU GHU DP (QGH GHV
-DKUHVHUIROJWH
0DQPX‰WHGHQ9HUOXVWGHUDOWHQ'DPHPLW)DVVXQJHUWUDJHQ6LH
ZDUVWHLQDOWJHZRUGHQXQGKDWWH]XOHW]WJDQ]HLQVDPJHOHEW6LHJLQJ
]X*RWWXQG%XGGHQEURRNVEHNDPHQHLQH0HQJH*HOGYROOHUXQGH
KXQGHUWWDXVHQG 7DOHU .XUDQW GLH GDV %HWULHEVNDSLWDO GHU )LUPD LQ
ZQVFKHQVZHUWHU:HLVHYHUVWlUNWHQ
(LQH ZHLWHUH )ROJH GLHVHV 6WHUEHIDOOHV ZDU GLHMHQLJH GD‰ GHV
.RQVXOV 6FKZDJHU -XVWXV VREDOG HU GHQ 5HVW VHLQHV (UEWHLOHV LQ
+lQGHQ KDWWH PGH VHLQHU EHVWlQGLJHQ JHVFKlIWOLFKHQ 0L‰HUIROJH
OLTXLGLHUWHXQGVLFK]XU5XKHVHW]WH-XVWXV.U|JHUGHU6XLWLHUGHV
DOWHQ i OD PRGH.DYDOLHUV OHEHQVIURKHU 6RKQ ZDU NHLQ VHKU
JOFNOLFKHU0HQVFK(UKDWWHPLWVHLQHU.XODQ]XQGVHLQHUKHLWHUHQ
/HLFKWOHELJNHLW HV QLHPDOV ]X HLQHU VLFKHUHQ VROLGHQ XQG
]ZHLIHOORVHQ 3RVLWLRQ LQ GHU .DXIPDQQVZHOW EULQJHQ N|QQHQ HU
KDWWH HLQHQ EHGHXWHQGHQ 7HLO VHLQHV HOWHUOLFKHQ (UEHV LP YRUDXV
HLQJHE‰WXQGQHXHUGLQJVNDPKLQ]XGD‰-DNREVHLQlOWHVWHU6RKQ
LKPVFKZHUH.PPHUQLVVHEHUHLWHWH
'HU MXQJH 0DQQ GHU LQ GHP JUR‰HQ +DPEXUJ VLFK VLWWHQORVH
*HVHOOVFKDIW JHZlKOW ]X KDEHQ VFKLHQ KDWWH VHLQHQ 9DWHU PLW GHQ


-DKUHQ HLQH XQJHEKUOLFKH 0HQJH .XUDQWPDUN JHNRVWHW XQG GD
ZHQQ .RQVXO .U|JHU VLFK ZHLJHUWH QRFK PHKU ]X OHLVWHQ VHLQH
*DWWLQ HLQH VFKZDFKH XQG ]lUWOLFKH )UDX GHP ORFNHUHQ 6RKQH
KHLPOLFK ZHLWHUH *HOGVXPPHQ ]XNRPPHQ OLH‰ VR ZDUHQ ]ZLVFKHQ
GHP (KHSDDU WUDXULJH 0L‰KHOOLJNHLWHQ HQWVWDQGHQ 8P DOOHP GLH
.URQHDXI]XVHW]HQZDUIDVW]XUVHOEHQ=HLWDOV¾%*UQOLFK½VHLQH
=DKOXQJHQHLQVWHOOWHLQ+DPEXUJZR-DNRE.U|JHUEHLGHQ+HUUHQ
¾'DOEHFN  &RPS½ DUEHLWHWH QRFK HWZDV DQGHUHV 8QKHLPOLFKHV
YRUJHIDOOHQ« (LQ hEHUJULII HLQH 8QUHGOLFKNHLW KDWWH
VWDWWJHIXQGHQ« 0DQ VSUDFK QLFKW GDYRQ XQG ULFKWHWH NHLQH )UDJHQ
DQ-XVWXV.U|JHUDEHUHVKLH‰GD‰-DNRELQ1HZ<RUNHLQH6WHOOXQJ
DOV5HLVHQGHUJHIXQGHQKDEHXQGGHPQlFKVW]X6FKLIIJHKHQZHUGH
(LQPDO YRU VHLQHU )DKUW ZXUGH HU LQ GHU 6WDGW JHVHKHQ ZRKLQ HU
ZDKUVFKHLQOLFKJHNRPPHQZDUXPDX‰HUGHP5HLVHJHOGHGDVVHLQ
9DWHU LKP ]XJHVFKLFNW YRQ VHLQHU 0XWWHU QRFK PHKU ]X HUODQJHQ
HLQJHFNHQKDIWJHNOHLGHWHU-QJOLQJYRQXQJHVXQGHP$XVVHKHQ
.XU] HV ZDU GDKLQ JHNRPPHQ GD‰ .RQVXO -XVWXV DOV RE HU QXU
HLQHQ /HLEHVHUEHQ EHVl‰H DXVVFKOLH‰OLFK YRQ ªPHLQHP 6RKQH©
VSUDFK« ZRPLW HU -UJHQ PHLQWH GHU VLFK ]ZDU QLHPDOV HLQHV
9HUJHKHQVVFKXOGLJJHPDFKWDEHUJHLVWLJDOO]XEHVFKUlQNWHUVFKLHQ
(UKDWWHGDV*\PQDVLXPPLWJUR‰HU0KHDEVROYLHUWXQGEHIDQGVLFK
VHLWHLQLJHU=HLWLQ-HQDZRHUVLFKRKQHYLHO)UHXGHXQG(UIROJZLH
HVGHQ$QVFKHLQKDWWHGHU-XULVSUXGHQ]ZLGPHWH
-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN HPSIDQG DXIV VFKPHU]OLFKVWH GLH ZHQLJ
HKUHQYROOH (QWZLFNOXQJ GHU )DPLOLH VHLQHU )UDX XQG EOLFNWH PLW
GHVWR lQJVWOLFKHUHU (UZDUWXQJ DXI VHLQH HLJHQHQ .LQGHU (U ZDU
EHUHFKWLJW GLH YROOVWH =XYHUVLFKW LQ GLH 7FKWLJNHLW XQG GHQ (UQVW
VHLQHVlOWHVWHQ6RKQHV]XVHW]HQZDVDEHU&KULVWLDQEHWUDIVRKDWWH
0U 5LFKDUGVRQ JHVFKULHEHQ GHU MXQJH 0DQQ KDEH VLFK ]ZDU PLW
HQWVFKLHGHQHU %HJDEXQJ GLH HQJOLVFKH 6SUDFKH ]X HLJHQ JHPDFKW
]HLJHDEHULP*HVFKlIWQLFKWLPPHUKLQUHLFKHQGHV,QWHUHVVHXQGOHJH
HLQHDOO]XJUR‰H6FKZlFKHIUGLH=HUVWUHXXQJHQGHU:HOWVWDGW]XP
%HLVSLHO IU GDV 7KHDWHU DQ GHQ 7DJ &KULVWLDQ VHOEVW EHZLHV LQ
VHLQHQ%ULHIHQHLQOHEKDIWHV:DQGHUEHGUIQLVXQGEDWHLIULJXPGLH
(UODXEQLV ªGUEHQ© GDV KHL‰W LQ 6GDPHULND YLHOOHLFKW LQ &KLOH
HLQH 6WHOOXQJ DQQHKPHQ ]X GUIHQ ª$EHU GDV LVW $EHQWHXHUOXVW©
VDJWH GHU .RQVXO XQG EHIDKO LKP YRUHUVW ZlKUHQG HLQHV YLHUWHQ


-DKUHV VHLQH PHUNDQWLOHQ .HQQWQLVVH EHL 0U 5LFKDUGVRQ ]X
YHUYROOVWlQGLJHQ (V ZXUGHQ GDQQ QRFK HLQLJH %ULHIH EHU VHLQH
3OlQH JHZHFKVHOW XQG LP 6RPPHU  VHJHOWH &KULVWLDQ
%XGGHQEURRN LQ GHU 7DW QDFK 9DOSDUDLVR ZR HU VLFK HLQH 3RVLWLRQ
YHUVFKDIIW KDWWH (U UHLVWH GLUHNW YRQ (QJODQG RKQH YRUKHU LQ GLH
+HLPDW]XUFN]XNHKUHQ
$EJHVHKHQDEHUYRQGHQEHLGHQ6|KQHQ EHPHUNWH GHU .RQVXO ]X
VHLQHU *HQXJWXXQJ PLW ZHOFKHU (QWVFKLHGHQKHLW XQG ZHOFKHP
6HOEVWJHIKOH7RQ\LKUH6WHOOXQJDOVHLQHJHERUHQH%XGGHQEURRNLQ
GHU6WDGWYHUWHLGLJWH«REJOHLFKPDQKDWWHYRUKHUVHKHQPVVHQGD‰
VLHLQLKUHU(LJHQVFKDIWDOVJHVFKLHGHQH)UDXDOOHUOHL6FKDGHQIUHXGH
XQG9RUHLQJHQRPPHQKHLWHQDXI6HLWHQGHUDQGHUHQ)DPLOLHQZHUGH
]XEHUZLQGHQKDEHQª+D©VDJWHVLHDOVVLHPLWJHU|WHWHP*HVLFKW
YRQHLQHP6SD]LHUJDQJ]XUFNNDPXQGZDUILKUHQ+XWDXIGDV6RID
LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU« ª'LHVH 0|OOHQGRUSI GLHVH JHERUHQH
+DJHQVWU|P GLHVH 6HPOLQJHU GLHVHV -XOFKHQ GLHVHV *HVFK|SI«
ZDVPHLQVWGXZRKO0DPD6LHJU‰WPLFKQLFKW«QHLQVLHJU‰W
PLFKQLFKW6LHZDUWHWGD‰LFKVLH]XHUVWJU‰H:DVVDJVWGXGD]X
,FK ELQ LQ GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H PLW HUKREHQHP .RSIH DQ LKU
YRUEHUJHJDQJHQXQGKDEHLKUJHUDGHLQV*HVLFKWJHVHKHQ«©
ª'XJHKVW]XZHLW7RQ\«1HLQDOOHVKDWVHLQH*UHQ]HQ:DUXP
NRQQWHVW GX 0DGDPH 0|OOHQGRUSI QLFKW ]XHUVW JU‰HQ" ,KU VHLG
JOHLFKDOWULJ XQG VLH LVW HLQH YHUKHLUDWHWH )UDX VR JXW ZLH GX HV
ZDUVW«©
ª1LHPDOV0DPD2*RWWGDV*HVFKPHL‰©
ª$VVH]PHLQH/LHEH6RXQGHOLNDWH:RUWH«©
ª2KPDQNDQQVLFKKLQUHL‰HQODVVHQ©
,KU+D‰JHJHQGLHVHªKHUJHODXIHQH)DPLOLH©ZXUGHGXUFKGLHEOR‰H
9RUVWHOOXQJ JHQlKUW GD‰ GLH +DJHQVWU|PV VLFK QXQ YLHOOHLFKW
EHUHFKWLJW IKOHQ N|QQWHQ DXI VLH KHUDE]XVHKHQ XQG QLFKW PLQGHU
GXUFK GDV *OFN PLW GHP GLHV *HVFKOHFKW HPSRUEOKWH 'HU DOWH
+LQULFK VWDUE ]X $QIDQJ GHV -DKUHV  XQG VHLQ 6RKQ +HUPDQQ«
+HUPDQQPLWGHQ=LWURQHQVHPPHOQXQGGHU2KUIHLJHIKUWHQXQDQ
GHU 6HLWH GHV +HUUQ 6WUXQFN GDV JOlQ]HQG JHKHQGH ([SRUWJHVFKlIW
IRUW XQG KHLUDWHWH HLQ NXU]HV -DKU VSlWHU GLH 7RFKWHU GHV .RQVXOV
+XQHXV GHV UHLFKVWHQ 0DQQHV GHU 6WDGW GHU HV PLW VHLQHP


+RO]KDQGHO GDKLQ JHEUDFKW KDWWH MHGHP VHLQHU GUHL .LQGHU ]ZHL
0LOOLRQHQ KLQWHUODVVHQ ]X N|QQHQ 6HLQ %UXGHU 0RULW] KDWWH WURW]
VHLQHU %UXVWVFKZlFKOLFKNHLW HLQ XQJHZ|KQOLFK HUIROJUHLFKHV
6WXGLXP KLQWHU VLFK XQG OLH‰ VLFK LQ GHU 6WDGW DOV 5HFKWVJHOHKUWHU
QLHGHU (U JDOW IU HLQHQ KHOOHQ VFKODXHQ ZLW]LJHQ MD VRJDU
VFK|QJHLVWLJHQ.RSIXQG]RJUDVFKHLQHEHWUlFKWOLFKH3UD[LVDQVLFK
(U KDWWH QLFKWV 6HPOLQJHU¶VFKHV LQ VHLQHP bX‰HUQ EHVD‰ DEHU HLQ
JHOEHV*HVLFKWXQGVSLW]LJHOFNHQKDIWH=lKQH
6RJDU LQ GHU )DPLOLH VHOEVW JDOW HV GHQ .RSI KRFK]XKDOWHQ 6HLW
2QNHO*RWWKROGIHUQGHQ*HVFKlIWHQOHEWHPLWVHLQHQNXU]HQ%HLQHQ
XQG ZHLWHQ +RVHQ VRUJORV LQ VHLQHU EHVFKHLGHQHQ :RKQXQJ
XPKHUJLQJ XQG DXV HLQHU %OHFKEFKVH %UXVWERQERQV D‰ GHQQ HU
OLHEWH VHKU GLH 6‰LJNHLWHQ« ZDU VHLQH 6WLPPXQJ JHJHQ GHQ
EHYRU]XJWHQ 6WLHIEUXGHU PLW GHQ -DKUHQ LPPHU PLOGHU XQG
UHVLJQLHUWHU JHZRUGHQ ZDV IUHLOLFK QLFKW DXVVFKOR‰ GD‰ HU
DQJHVLFKWV VHLQHU GUHL XQYHUKHLUDWHWHQ 7|FKWHU HLQLJH VWLOOH
*HQXJWXXQJ EHU 7RQ\¶V PL‰JOFNWH (KH HPSIDQG 8P DEHU YRQ
VHLQHU)UDXGHUJHERUHQHQ6WZLQJXQGEHVRQGHUVYRQGHQGUHLQXQ
VFKRQ VHFKV VLHEHQ XQG DFKWXQG]ZDQ]LJ -DKUH DOWHQ 0lGFKHQ ]X
UHGHQ VR EHZLHVHQ VLH IU GDV 8QJOFN LKUHU &RXVLQH XQG GHQ
6FKHLGXQJVSUR]H‰HLQEHLQDKHEHUWULHEHQHVHLQZHLWDXVOHEKDIWHUHV
,QWHUHVVHDOVVLHGDPDOVIUGLH 9HUOREXQJ XQG GLH +RFK]HLWVHOEVW
RIIHQEDUW KDWWHQ $Q GHQ .LQGHUWDJHQ GLH VHLW GHP 7RGH GHU DOWHQ
0DGDPH .U|JHU GRQQHUVWDJV ZLHGHU LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H DEJHKDOWHQ
ZXUGHQ KDWWH 7RQ\ NHLQHQ OHLFKWHQ 6WDQG LKQHQ JHJHQEHU« ª2
*RWWGXbUPVWH©VDJWH3ILIILGLH-QJVWHGLHNOHLQXQGEHOHLEWZDU
XQG HLQH GUROOLJH $UW KDWWH VLFK EHL MHGHP :RUWH ]X VFKWWHOQ XQG
)HXFKWLJNHLW LQ GLH 0XQGZLQNHO ]X EHNRPPHQ ª1XQ LVW HV DOVR
DXVJHVSURFKHQ"1XQELVWGXDOVRJHUDGHVRZHLWZLHYRUKHU"©
ª$FK LP *HJHQWHLOH© VDJWH +HQULHWWH GLH ZLH LKUH lOWHUH
6FKZHVWHU YRQ DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK ODQJHU XQG GUUHU *HVWDOW ZDU ª'X
ELVW VHKU YLHO WUDXULJHU GDUDQ DOV ZHQQ GX GLFK EHUKDXSW QLFKW
YHUKHLUDWHWKlWWHVW©
ª'DV PX‰ LFK VDJHQ© EHVWlWLJWH )ULHGHULNH ª'DQQ LVW HV MD
XQYHUJOHLFKOLFKYLHOEHVVHUQLHPDOV]XKHLUDWHQ©
ª2 QHLQ OLHEH )ULHGHULNH© VDJWH 7RQ\ LQGHP VLH GHQ .RSI
]XUFNOHJWH XQG VLFK HLQH UHFKW VFKODJNUlIWLJH XQG IRUPJHZDQGWH


(UZLGHUXQJ DXVGDFKWH ª'D GUIWHVW GX GHQQ GRFK ZRKO LQ HLQHP
,UUWXP EHIDQJHQ VHLQ QLFKW ZDKU" 0DQ KDW GRFK LPPHUKLQ GDV
/HEHQNHQQHQJHOHUQWZHL‰WGX0DQLVWGRFKNHLQH*DQVPHKU8QG
GDQQ KDEH LFK MD LPPHU QRFK PHKU $XVVLFKW PLFK ZLHGHU ]X
YHUKHLUDWHQDOVVRPDQFKHDQGHUHHV]XPHUVWHQ0DOH]XWXQ©
ª=R"© VDJWHQ GLH &RXVLQHQ HLQVWLPPLJ« 6LH VDJWHQ ª]R© PLW
HLQHP]ZDVVLFKGHVWRVSLW]LJHUXQGXQJOlXELJHUDXVQDKP
6HVHPL:HLFKEURGWDEHUZDUYLHO]XJXWXQGWDNWYROOXPGLH6DFKH
DXFK QXU ]X HUZlKQHQ 7RQ\ EHVXFKWH LKUH HKHPDOLJH 3IOHJHULQ LQ
GHPURWHQ+lXVFKHQ$P 0KOHQEULQN 1U GDV QRFK LPPHU YRQ
HLQHU $Q]DKO MXQJHU 0lGFKHQ EHOHEW ZXUGH REJOHLFK GLH 3HQVLRQ
DQILQJ ODQJVDP DXV GHU 0RGH ]X NRPPHQ XQG DXFK GDV WFKWLJH
DOWH 0lGFKHQ ZDUG KLH XQG GD LQ GLH 0HQJVWUD‰H DXI HLQHQ
5HKUFNHQRGHUHLQHJHIOOWH*DQVJHEHWHQ'DQQHUKREVLHVLFKDXI
GLH =HKHQVSLW]HQ XQG N‰WH 7RQ\ JHUKUW DXVGUXFNVYROO XQG PLW
OHLVH NQDOOHQGHP *HUlXVFK DXI GLH 6WLUQ :DV LKUH XQJHOHKUWH
6FKZHVWHU 0DGDPH .HWKHOVHQ DQJLQJ VR EHJDQQ VLH QHXHUGLQJV
PLW JUR‰HU 6FKQHOOLJNHLW WDXE ]X ZHUGHQ XQG KDWWH IDVW QLFKWV YRQ
7RQ\¶V *HVFKLFKWH YHUVWDQGHQ 6LH VWLH‰ EHL LPPHU XQSDVVHQGHUHQ
*HOHJHQKHLWHQ LKU XQZLVVHQGHV XQG YRU XQEHIDQJHQHU +HU]OLFKNHLW
IDVW NODJHQGHV /DFKHQ DXV VR GD‰ 6HVHPL VLFK EHVWlQGLJ JHQ|WLJW
VDKDXIGHQ7LVFK]XSRFKHQXQGª1DOO\©]XUXIHQ«
'LH -DKUH VFKZDQGHQ GDKLQ 'HU (LQGUXFN GHQ GDV (UOHEQLV YRQ
.RQVXO %XGGHQEURRNV 7RFKWHU LQ GHU 6WDGW XQG LQ GHU )DPLOLH
KHUYRUJHUXIHQ KDWWH YHUZLVFKWH VLFK PHKU XQG PHKU 7RQ\ VHOEVW
ZXUGHDQLKUH(KHQXUGDQQXQGZDQQHULQQHUWZHQQVLHLP*HVLFKW
GHU JHVXQG KHUDQZDFKVHQGHQ NOHLQHQ (ULND GLHVH RGHU MHQH
bKQOLFKNHLW PLW %HQGL[ *UQOLFK EHPHUNWH $EHU VLH NOHLGHWH VLFK
ZLHGHU KHOO WUXJ LKU +DDU ZLHGHU EHU GHU 6WLUQ JHNUDXVW XQG
EHVXFKWHZLHHKHPDOV*HVHOOVFKDIWHQLQLKUHP%HNDQQWHQNUHLVH
,PPHUKLQ ZDUVLHUHFKWIURK GD‰ LKU *HOHJHQKHLW JHERWHQ ZXUGH
MlKUOLFKLP6RPPHUGLH6WDGWDXIOlQJHUH=HLW]XYHUODVVHQ«GHQQ
OHLGHU PDFKWH GDV %HILQGHQ GHV .RQVXOV MHW]W ZHLWHUH .XUUHLVHQ
QRWZHQGLJ
ª0DQ ZHL‰ QLFKW ZDV HV KHL‰W DOW ]X ZHUGHQ© VDJWH HU ª,FK
EHNRPPHHLQHQ.DIIHHIOHFNLQPHLQ%HLQNOHLGXQGNDQQQLFKWNDOWHV


:DVVHU GDUDXIEULQJHQ RKQH VRIRUW GHQ KHIWLJVWHQ 5KHXPDWLVPXV
GDYRQ]XWUDJHQ«:DVNRQQWH PDQ VLFKIUKHUHUODXEHQ"© $XFK OLWW
HUPDQFKPDODQ6FKZLQGHODQIlOOHQ
0DQJLQJQDFK2EHUVDO]EUXQQQDFK(PVXQG%DGHQ%DGHQQDFK
.LVVLQJHQ PDQ PDFKWH YRQ GRUW DXV VRJDU HLQH VR ELOGHQGH ZLH
XQWHUKDOWHQGH 5HLVH EHU 1UQEHUJ QDFK 0QFKHQ GXUFKV
6DO]EXUJLVFKH EHU ,VFKO QDFK :LHQ EHU 3UDJ 'UHVGHQ %HUOLQ
QDFK+DXVH«XQGREJOHLFK0DGDPH*UQOLFKZHJHQHLQHUQHUY|VHQ
0DJHQVFKZlFKH GLHVLFK QHXHUGLQJV EHL LKU EHPHUNEDU ]X PDFKHQ
EHJDQQ LQ GHQ %lGHUQ JH]ZXQJHQ ZDU VLFK HLQHU VWUHQJHQ .XU ]X
XQWHUZHUIHQ HPSIDQG VLH GLHVH 5HLVHQ DOV HLQH K|FKVW HUZQVFKWH
$EZHFKVOXQJ GHQQ VLH YHUKHKOWH GXUFKDXV QLFKW GD‰ VLH VLFK ]X
+DXVHHLQZHQLJODQJZHLOWH
ª2KPHLQ*RWWZHL‰WGXZLHHVLP/HEHQVRJHKW9DWHU©VDJWH
VLHLQGHPVLHJHGDQNHQYROOGLH=LPPHUGHFNHEHWUDFKWHWH«ª*HZL‰
LFK KDEH GDV /HEHQ NHQQHQJHOHUQW« DEHU JHUDGH GDUXP LVW HV HLQH
HWZDVWUEH $XVVLFKW IU PLFK KLHU QXQ LPPHU ]X +DXVH VLW]HQ ]X
PVVHQZLHHLQGXPPHV'LQJ'XJODXEVWKRIIHQWOLFKQLFKWGD‰LFK
QLFKWJHUQEHLHXFKELQ3DSD«LFKP‰WHMD6FKOlJHKDEHQHVZlUH
GLH K|FKVWH 8QGDQNEDUNHLW $EHU ZLH HV LP /HEHQ VR LVW ZHL‰W
GX«©
+DXSWVlFKOLFK DEHU lUJHUWH VLH VLFK EHU GHQ LPPHU UHOLJL|VHUHQ
*HLVW GHU LKU ZHLWOlXILJHV 9DWHUKDXV HUIOOWH GHQQ GHV .RQVXOV
IURPPH1HLJXQJHQWUDWHQLQGHP *UDGHLQ ZHOFKHP HU EHWDJW XQG
NUlQNOLFK ZXUGH LPPHU VWlUNHU KHUYRU XQG VHLWGHP GLH .RQVXOLQ
DOWHUWH EHJDQQ DXFK VLH DQ GLHVHU *HLVWHVULFKWXQJ *HVFKPDFN ]X
ILQGHQ 'LH 7LVFKJHEHWH ZDUHQ VWHWV LP %XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ +DXVH
EOLFKJHZHVHQMHW]WDEHUEHVWDQGVHLWOlQJHUHU=HLWGDV*HVHW]GD‰
VLFK PRUJHQV XQG DEHQGV GLH )DPLOLH JHPHLQVDP PLW GHQ
'LHQVWERWHQLP)UKVWFNV]LPPHUYHUVDPPHOWHXPDXVGHP0XQGH
GHV +DXVKHUUQ HLQHQ %LEHODEVFKQLWW ]X YHUQHKPHQ $X‰HUGHP
PHKUWHQGLH%HVXFKHYRQ3DVWRUHQXQG0LVVLRQDUHQVLFKYRQ-DKU]X
-DKU GHQQ GDV ZUGLJH 3DWUL]LHUKDXV LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H ZR PDQ
QHEHQEHL EHPHUNW VR YRU]JOLFK VSHLVWH ZDU LQ GHU :HOW GHU
OXWKHULVFKHQ XQG UHIRUPLHUWHQ *HLVWOLFKNHLW GHU ,QQHUHQ XQG
bX‰HUHQ 0LVVLRQ OlQJVW DOV HLQ JDVWOLFKHU +DIHQ EHNDQQW XQG DXV
DOOHQ7HLOHQGHV9DWHUODQGHV NDPHQ JHOHJHQWOLFK VFKZDU]JHNOHLGHWH


XQG ODQJKDDULJH +HUUHQ KHUEHL XP HLQ SDDU 7DJH KLHU ]X
YHUZHLOHQ«JRWWJHIlOOLJHU*HVSUlFKHHLQLJHUQDKUKDIWHU0DKO]HLWHQ
XQGNOLQJHQGHU8QWHUVWW]XQJ]XKHLOLJHQ=ZHFNHQJHZL‰$XFKGLH
3UHGLJHUGHU6WDGWJLQJHQDOV+DXVIUHXQGHDXVXQGHLQ«
7RPZDUYLHO]XGLVNUHWXQGYHUVWlQGLJXPDXFKQXUHLQ/lFKHOQ
VLFKWEDUZHUGHQ]XODVVHQDEHU7RQ\PRNLHUWHVLFKJDQ]HLQIDFKMD
VLH OLH‰ HV VLFK OHLGHU DQJHOHJHQ VHLQ GLH JHLVWOLFKHQ +HUUHQ
OlFKHUOLFK]XPDFKHQVREDOGVLFKLKU*HOHJHQKHLWGD]XERW
=XZHLOHQ ZHQQ GLH .RQVXOLQ DQ 0LJUlQH OLWW ZDU HV 0DGDPH
*UQOLFKV 6DFKH GLH :LUWVFKDIW ]X EHVRUJHQ XQG GDV 0HQ ]X
EHVWLPPHQ (LQHV 7DJHV DOV HEHQ HLQ IUHPGHU 3UHGLJHU GHVVHQ
$SSHWLW GLH DOOJHPHLQH )UHXGH HUUHJWH LP +DXVH ]X *DVW ZDU
RUGQHWH VLH KHLPWFNLVFK 6SHFNVXSSH DQ GDV VWlGWLVFKH
6SH]LDOJHULFKW HLQH PLW VlXHUOLFKHP .UDXWH EHUHLWHWH %RXLOORQ LQ
GLH PDQ GDV JDQ]H 0LWWDJVPDKO 6FKLQNHQ .DUWRIIHOQ VDXUH
3IODXPHQ %DFNELUQHQ %OXPHQNRKO (UEVHQ %RKQHQ 5EHQ XQG
DQGHUH 'LQJH PLWVDPW GHU )UXFKWVDXFH KLQHLQUKUWH XQG GLH
QLHPDQGDXIGHU:HOWJHQLH‰HQNRQQWHGHUQLFKWYRQ.LQGHVEHLQHQ
GDUDQJHZ|KQWZDU
ª6FKPHFNW HV" 6FKPHFNW HV +HUU 3DVWRU"© IUDJWH 7RQ\
EHVWlQGLJ« ª1HLQ" 2 *RWW ZHU KlWWH GDV JHGDFKW© 8QG GDEHL
PDFKWH VLH HLQ ZDKUKDIW VSLW]EELVFKHV *HVLFKW XQG OLH‰ LKUH
=XQJHQVSLW]H ZLH VLH HV ]X WXQ SIOHJWH ZHQQ VLH HLQHQ 6WUHLFK
HUGDFKWHRGHUDXVIKUWHJDQ]OHLFKWDQGHU2EHUOLSSHVSLHOHQ
'HU GLFNH +HUU OHJWH PLW (UJHEXQJ GHQ /|IIHO QLHGHU XQG VDJWH
DUJORVª,FKZHUGHPLFKDQGDVQlFKVWH*HULFKWKDOWHQ©
ª-DHV JLEW QRFK HLQ NOHLQHV $SUHV© VDJWH GLH.RQVXOLQ KDVWLJ«
GHQQHLQªQlFKVWHV*HULFKW©ZDUQDFKGLHVHU6XSSHXQGHQNEDUXQG
WURW] HLQLJHU $UPHULWWHU PLW $SIHOJHOHH ZHOFKH QDFKIROJWHQ PX‰WH
GHU EHWURJHQH *HLVWOLFKH ZlKUHQG 7RQ\ YRU VLFK KLQ NLFKHUWH XQG
7RPPLW6HOEVWEHUZLQGXQJHLQH%UDXHHPSRU]RJVLFKXQJHVlWWLJW
YRP7LVFKHHUKHEHQ«
(LQ DQGHUHV 0DO VWDQG 7RQ\ PLW GHU .|FKLQ 6WLQD LQ KlXVOLFKHP
*HVSUlFKH DXI GHU 'LHOH DOV 3DVWRU 0DWKLDV DXV &DQQVWDWW GHU
ZLHGHU HLQPDO ZlKUHQG HLQLJHU 7DJH LP +DXVH ZHLOWH YRQ HLQHP
$XVJDQJ ]XUFNNHKUWH XQG DQ GHU :LQGIDQJWU NOLQJHOWH 0LW


OlQGOLFK ZDWVFKHOQGHQ 6FKULWWHQ JLQJ 7ULQD ]X |IIQHQ XQG GHU
3DVWRULQGHU$EVLFKWHLQOHXWVHOLJHV:RUWDQVLH]XULFKWHQXQGVLH
HLQ ZHQLJ ]X SUIHQ IUDJWH IUHXQGOLFK ª/LHEVFKW GHQ +HUUQ"©«
9LHOOHLFKWZDUHUZLOOHQVLKUHWZDV]XVFKHQNHQZHQQVLHVLFKWUHX
]XLKUHP+HLODQGEHNDQQWH
ª-H+HUU3DVWHU«©VDJWH7ULQH]|JHUQGHUU|WHQGXQGPLWJUR‰HQ
$XJHQª:HNNHQPHHQHQ6¶GHQQ"GHQ2OOHQRGHUGHQ-XQJHQ"©
0DGDPH*UQOLFKYHUIHKOWHQLFKWGLHVH*HVFKLFKWHEHL7LVFKHPLW
ODXWHU 6WLPPH ]X HU]lKOHQ VR GD‰ VHOEVW GLH .RQVXOLQ LQ LKU
SUXVFKHQGHV.U|JHU¶VFKHV/DFKHQDXVEUDFK
'HU .RQVXO IUHLOLFK VDK HUQVW XQG LQGLJQLHUW DXI VHLQHQ 7HOOHU
QLHGHU
ª(LQ0L‰YHUVWlQGQLV«©VDJWH3DVWRU0DWKLDVYHUZLUUW

(OIWHV.DSLWHO

:DVIROJWJHVFKDKLP6SlWVRPPHUGHV-DKUHVIQIXQGIQI]LJDQ
HLQHP 6RQQWDJQDFKPLWWDJH %XGGHQEURRNV VD‰HQ LP
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU XQG ZDUWHWHQ DXI GHQ .RQVXO GHU VLFK XQWHQ
QRFK DQNOHLGHWH 0DQ KDWWH PLW GHU )DPLOLH .LVWHQPDNHU HLQ
)HVWWDJVXQWHUQHKPHQ HLQHQ 6SD]LHUJDQJ ]X HLQHP
9HUJQJXQJVJDUWHQYRUP7RUHYHUDEUHGHW$XVJHQRPPHQ&ODUDXQG
.ORWKLOGH GLH MHGHQ 6RQQWDJDEHQG LP +DXVH HLQHU )UHXQGLQ IU
NOHLQH 1HJHUNLQGHU 6WUPSIH VWULFNWHQ ZROOWH PDQ GRUW .DIIHH
WULQNHQXQGYLHOOHLFKWZHQQGDV:HWWHUHVHUODXEWHHLQH5XGHUSDUWLH
DXIGHP)OXVVHXQWHUQHKPHQ«
ª0LW 3DSD LVW HV ]XP +HXOHQ© VDJWH 7RQ\ LQGHP VLH QDFK LKUHU
*HZRKQKHLWVWDUNH:RUWHZlKOWHª.DQQHUMHPDOV]XUIHVWJHVHW]WHQ
=HLWIHUWLJVHLQ"(UVLW]WDQVHLQHP3XOWXQGVLW]W«XQGVLW]W«GLHV
XQG GDV PX‰ QRFK IHUWLJ ZHUGHQ« JUR‰HU *RWW YLHOOHLFKW LVW HV
ZLUNOLFK QRWZHQGLJ LFK ZLOO QLFKWV JHVDJW KDEHQ« REJOHLFK LFK
QLFKWJODXEHGD‰ZLUJHUDGH]X%DQNHURWWDQVDJHQP‰WHQZHQQHU
GLH)HGHUHLQH9LHUWHOVWXQGHIUKHUZHJJHOHJWKlWWH*XW«ZHQQHV


VFKRQ]HKQ0LQXWHQ]XVSlWLVWIDOOWLKPVHLQ9HUVSUHFKHQHLQXQG
HU NRPPW GLH 7UHSSHQ KHUDXI LQGHP HU LPPHU ]ZHL 6WXIHQ
EHUVSULQJW REJOHLFK HU ZHL‰ GD‰ HU REHQ .RQJHVWLRQHQ XQG
+HU]NORSIHQEHNRPPW«6RLVWHVYRUMHGHU*HVHOOVFKDIWYRUMHGHP
$XVJDQJ.DQQ HU VLFKQLFKW =HLW ODVVHQ".DQQ HUQLFKWUHFKW]HLWLJ
DXIEUHFKHQXQGODQJVDPJHKHQ"(VLVWXQYHUDQWZRUWOLFK,FKZUGH
PHLQHP0DQQHHLQPDOHUQVWOLFKLQV*HZLVVHQUHGHQ0DPD«©
6LHVD‰QDFKGHU0RGHLQFKDQJLHUHQGH6HLGHJHNOHLGHWDXIGHP
6RIDEHLGHU.RQVXOLQGLHLKUHUVHLWVHLQHVFKZHUHUH5REHDXVJUDXHU
JHULSSWHU PLW VFKZDU]HQ 6SLW]HQ EHVHW]WHU 6HLGH WUXJ 'LH (QGHQ
LKUHU DXV 6SLW]HQ XQG VWHLIHP 7OO JHIHUWLJWHQ +DXEH GLH XQWHUP
.LQQ PLW HLQHU $WODVVFKOHLIH ]XVDPPHQJHID‰W ZDUHQILHOHQ DXI GLH
%UXVWKLQDE,KUJODWWJHVFKHLWHOWHV+DDUZDUXQYHUlQGHUOLFKURWEORQG
6LH KLHOW HLQHQ 3RPSDGRXU LQ LKUHQ EHLGHQ ZHL‰HQ XQG ]DUWEODX
JHlGHUWHQ +lQGHQ 1HEHQ LKU LP )DXWHXLO OHKQWH 7RP XQG UDXFKWH
VHLQH =LJDUHWWH ZlKUHQG DP )HQVWHU &ODUD XQG 7KLOGD HLQDQGHU
JHJHQEHU VD‰HQ (V ZDU XQID‰OLFK ZLH Y|OOLJ HUIROJORV GLH DUPH
.ORWKLOGHWlJOLFKVRJXWHXQGUHLFKOLFKH1DKUXQJ]XVLFKQDKP6LH
ZXUGH EHVWlQGLJ PDJHUHU XQG LKU VFKZDU]HV .OHLG ZHOFKHV
EHUKDXSWJDUNHLQHQ6FKQLWWKDWWHEHVFK|QLJWHGLHVH7DWVDFKHQLFKW
,Q LKUHP ODQJHQ VWLOOHQ JUDXHQ *HVLFKW XQWHU GHP JODWWHQ
DVFKIDUEHQHQ 6FKHLWHO VWDQG HLQH JHUDGH XQG SRU|VH 1DVH GLH VLFK
YRUQYHUGLFNWH«
ª0HLQW LKU GD‰ HV QLFKW UHJQHQ ZLUG© VDJWH &ODUD 'DV MXQJH
0lGFKHQKDWWHGLH*HZRKQKHLWEHLHLQHU)UDJHQLHPDOVGLH6WLPPH
]X HUKHEHQ XQG VDK PLW HLQHP EHVWLPPWHQ XQG ]LHPOLFK VWUHQJHQ
%OLFNMHGHP HLQ]HOQHQLQV *HVLFKW ,KU EUDXQHV .OHLG ZDU OHGLJOLFK
PLW HLQHP NOHLQHQ ZHL‰HQ JHVWlUNWHQ )DOONUDJHQ XQG HEHQVROFKHQ
0DQVFKHWWHQ JHVFKPFNW 6LH VD‰ DXIUHFKW GLH +lQGH LP 6FKR‰H
]XVDPPHQJHOHJW'LH'LHQVWERWHQIUFKWHWHQVLHDPPHLVWHQXQGVLH
KLHOWPRUJHQVXQGDEHQGVGLH $QGDFKWDE GHQQ GHU.RQVXO NRQQWH
QLFKW PHKU YRUOHVHQ RKQH VLFK %HVFKZHUGHQ LP .RSI ]X
YHUXUVDFKHQ ª1LPPVW GX IU KHXWH DEHQG GHLQHQ %DVFKOLN PLW
7RQ\©IUDJWHVLHZLHGHUª(UZLUGYHUUHJQHQ6FKDGHXPGHQQHXHQ
%DVFKOLN ,FK KDOWH HV IU ULFKWLJHU GD‰ LKU HXUHQ 6SD]LHUJDQJ
YHUVFKLHEW«©


ª1HLQ© HUZLGHUWH 7RP ª.LVWHQPDNHUV NRPPHQ (V PDFKW
QLFKWV«GDV%DURPHWHULVW]XSO|W]OLFKJHIDOOHQ«(VJLEWLUJHQGHLQH
NOHLQH .DWDVWURSKH HLQHQ *X‰« QLFKWV 'DXHUQGHV 3DSD LVW QRFK
QLFKWIHUWLJVFK|Q:LUN|QQHQUXKLJZDUWHQELVHVYRUEHULVW©
'LH .RQVXOLQ HUKRE DEZHKUHQG HLQH +DQG ª'X JODXEVW GD‰ HLQ
*HZLWWHUNRPPW7RP"$FKGXZHL‰WLFKlQJVWLJHPLFK©
ª1HLQ©VDJWH7RPª,FKKDEHKHXWHPRUJHQDP+DIHQPLW.DSLWlQ
.ORRWJHVSURFKHQ(ULVWXQIHKOEDU(VJLEWEOR‰HLQHQ3ODW]UHJHQ«
QLFKWHLQPDOVWlUNHUHQ:LQG©
9HUVSlWHWH +XQGVWDJH KDWWH GLHVH ]ZHLWH 6HSWHPEHUZRFKH
JHEUDFKW %HL 6G6GRVW:LQG KDWWH GHU 6RPPHU VFKZHUHU DOV LP
-XOLDXIGHU6WDGWJHODVWHW(LQIUHPGDUWLJGXQNHOEODXHU+LPPHOKDWWH
EHUGHQ*LHEHOQ JHOHXFKWHWIDKO DP +RUL]RQWH ZLHLQ GHU:VWH
XQG QDFK 6RQQHQXQWHUJDQJ KDWWHQ LQ GHQ VFKPDOHQ 6WUD‰HQ +lXVHU
XQG%UJHUVWHLJHZLHgIHQHLQHGXPSIH:lUPHDXVJHVWUDKOW+HXWH
ZDUGHU:LQGJDQ]QDFK:HVWHQKLQXPJHVFKODJHQXQGJOHLFK]HLWLJ
KDWWHGLHVHUSO|W]OLFKH%DURPHWHUVWXU]VWDWWJHIXQGHQ«1RFKZDUHLQ
JUR‰HU7HLOGHV+LPPHOVEODXDEHU ODQJVDP ]RJ HLQ .RPSOH[ YRQ
JUDXEODXHQ:RONHQGDUDQKHUDXIGLFNXQGZHLFKZLH.LVVHQ
7RP IJWH KLQ]X ª,FK ILQGH DXFK GHU 5HJHQ NlPH K|FKVW
HUZQVFKW :LU ZUGHQ YHUVFKPDFKWHQ ZHQQ ZLU LQ GLHVHU /XIW
PDUVFKLHUHQ P‰WHQ (V LVW HLQH XQQDWUOLFKH :lUPH ,FK KDEH
GHUJOHLFKHQLQ3DXQLFKWJHKDEW«©
,Q GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN WUDW ,GD -XQJPDQQ GLH NOHLQH (ULND DQ GHU
+DQG LQV =LPPHU 'DV .LQG VWDN LQ HLQHP IULVFK JHVWHLIWHQ
.DWWXQNOHLGFKHQYHUEUHLWHWHHLQHQ*HUXFKYRQ6WlUNHXQG6HLIHXQG
VDKVHKUGUROOLJDXV(VKDWWHJDQ]GLHURVLJH*HVLFKWVIDUEHXQGGLH
$XJHQGHV+HUUQ*UQOLFKDEHUGLH2EHUOLSSHZDUGLHMHQLJH7RQ\¶V
'LHJXWH,GDZDUVFKRQJDQ]JUDXEHLQDKHZHL‰REJOHLFKVLHNDXP
GLH9LHU]LJ EHUVFKULWWHQ KDWWH $EHU GDV ODJ LQLKUHU )DPLOLH DXFK
GHU2QNHOZHOFKHUDP6FKOXFNDXI]XJUXQGHJHJDQJHQZDUKDWWHPLW
GUHL‰LJ -DKUHQ VFKRQ ZHL‰HV +DDU JHKDEW EULJHQV EOLFNWHQ LKUH
NOHLQHQ EUDXQHQ $XJHQ WUHX IULVFK XQG DXIPHUNVDP 6LH ZDU QXQ
]ZDQ]LJ -DKUH EHL %XGGHQEURRNV XQG HPSIDQG PLW 6WRO] LKUH
8QHQWEHKUOLFKNHLW 6LH IKUWH GLH $XIVLFKW EHU .FKH
6SHLVHNDPPHU :lVFKHVFKUlQNH XQG 3RU]HOODQ VLH PDFKWH GLH


ZLFKWLJHUHQ (LQNlXIH VLH ODV GHU NOHLQHQ (ULND YRU PDFKWH LKU
3XSSHQNOHLGHUDUEHLWHWHPLWLKUXQGKROWHVLHEHZDIIQHWPLW HLQHP
3DNHWYRQEHOHJWHP)UDQ]EURWPLWWDJVYRQGHU6FKXOHDEXPPLWLKU
DXI GHP 0KOHQZDOO VSD]LHUHQ]XJHKHQ -HGH 'DPH VDJWH ]XU
.RQVXOLQ %XGGHQEURRN RGHULKUHU7RFKWHU ª:DV IU HLQH 0DPVHOO
KDEHQ 6LH /LHEH *RWW GLH 3HUVRQ LVW *ROGHV ZHUW ZDV LFK ,KQHQ
VDJH =ZDQ]LJ -DKUH« XQG VLH ZLUG PLW VHFK]LJ XQG OlQJHU QRFK
UVWLJ VHLQ 'LHVH NQRFKLJHQ /HXWH« XQG GDQQ GLH WUHXHQ $XJHQ
,FKEHQHLGH6LH/LHEH©
$EHU,GD-XQJPDQQKLHOWDXFKDXIVLFK6LHZX‰WHZHUVLHZDUXQG
ZHQQ DXI GHP 0KOHQZDOO VLFK HLQ JHZ|KQOLFKHV 'LHQVWPlGFKHQ
PLWLKUHP=|JOLQJDXIGHUVHOEHQ%DQNQLHGHUOLH‰XQGYRQJOHLFK]X
JOHLFK HLQ *HVSUlFK EHJLQQHQ ZROOWH VR VDJWH 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ
ª(ULNDFKHQKLHU]LHKW¶V©XQGJLQJYRQGDQQHQ
7RQ\]RJLKUHNOHLQH7RFKWHU]XVLFKKHUDQXQGN‰WHVLHDXIHLQH
GHU URVLJHQ %lFNFKHQ ZRUDXI GLH .RQVXOLQ LKU PLW HWZDV
]HUVWUHXWHP /lFKHOQ GLH +DQGIOlFKH HQWJHJHQVWUHFNWH« GHQQ VLH
EHREDFKWHWHlQJVWOLFKGHQ+LPPHOGHUGXQNOHUXQGGXQNOHUZXUGH
,KUHOLQNH+DQGILQJHUWHQHUY|VDXIGHP6RIDSROVWHUXQGLKUHKHOOHQ
$XJHQZDQGHUWHQXQUXKLJVHLWZlUWV]XP)HQVWHU
(ULNDGXUIWHVLFKQHEHQGLH*UR‰PXWWHUVHW]HQXQG,GDQDKPRKQH
GLH5FNHQOHKQH]XEHQW]HQDXIHLQHP6HVVHO3ODW]XQGEHJDQQ]X
KlNHOQ6RVD‰HQDOOHHLQH :HLOH VFKZHLJHQG XQG ZDUWHWHQDXI GHQ
.RQVXO 'LH /XIW ZDU GXPSI 'UDX‰HQ ZDU GDV OHW]WH 6WFN %ODX
YHUVFKZXQGHQ XQG WLHI VFKZHU XQG WUlFKWLJ KLQJ GHU GXQNHOJUDXH
+LPPHO KHUQLHGHU 'LH )DUEHQ GHV =LPPHUV GLH 7LQWHQ GHU
/DQGVFKDIWHQ DXI GHQ 7DSHWHQ GDV *HOE GHU 0|EHO XQG GHU
9RUKlQJHZDUHQHUORVFKHQGLH1XDQFHQLQ7RQ\¶V.OHLGH VSLHOWHQ
QLFKW PHKU XQG GLH $XJHQ GHU 0HQVFKHQ ZDUHQ RKQH *ODQ] 8QG
GHU:LQGGHU:HVWZLQGGHUHEHQQRFKGUEHQLQGHQ%lXPHQDXI
GHP 0DULHQNLUFKKRI JHVSLHOW KDWWH XQG GHQ 6WDXE DXI GHU GXQNOHQ
6WUD‰H LQ NOHLQHQ :LUEHOQ XPKHUJHWULHEHQ KDWWH UHJWH VLFK QLFKW
PHKU(VZDUHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNYROONRPPHQVWLOO
'D SO|W]OLFK WUDW GLHVHU 0RPHQW HLQ« HUHLJQHWH VLFK HWZDV
/DXWORVHV (UVFKUHFNHQGHV 'LH 6FKZOH VFKLHQ YHUGRSSHOW GLH
$WPRVSKlUH VFKLHQ HLQHQ VLFK ELQQHQ HLQHU 6HNXQGH UDSLGH
VWHLJHUQGHQ'UXFNDXV]XEHQGHUGDV*HKLUQEHlQJVWLJWHGDV+HU]


EHGUlQJWHGLH$WPXQJYHUZHKUWH«GUXQWHQIODWWHUWHHLQH6FKZDOEH
VR GLFKW EHU GHU 6WUD‰H GD‰ LKUH )OJHO GDV 3IODVWHU VFKOXJHQ«
8QGGLHVHUXQHQWZLUUEDUH'UXFNGLHVH6SDQQXQJ GLHVH ZDFKVHQGH
%HNOHPPXQJGHV2UJDQLVPXVZlUHXQHUWUlJOLFKJHZRUGHQZHQQVLH
GHQ JHULQJVWHQ 7HLO HLQHV $XJHQEOLFNV OlQJHU JHGDXHUW KlWWH ZHQQ
QLFKW DXI LKUHP VRIRUW HUUHLFKWHQ +|KHSXQNW HLQH $EVSDQQXQJ HLQ
hEHUVSULQJHQ VWDWWJHIXQGHQ KlWWH« HLQ NOHLQHU HUO|VHQGHU %UXFK
GHU VLFK XQK|UEDU LUJHQGZR HUHLJQHWH XQG GHQ PDQ JOHLFKZRKO ]X
K|UHQJODXEWH«ZHQQQLFKWLQGHPVHOEHQ0RPHQWIDVWRKQHGD‰HLQ
7URSIHQIDOO YRUKHUJHJDQJHQ ZlUH GHU 5HJHQ KHUQLHGHUJHEURFKHQ
ZlUH GD‰ GDV :DVVHU LP 5LQQVWHLQ VFKlXPWH XQG DXI GHP
%UJHUVWHLJKRFKHPSRUVSUDQJ«
7KRPDV GXUFK .UDQNKHLW GDUDQ JHZ|KQW GLH .XQGJHEXQJHQ
VHLQHU1HUYHQ]XEHREDFKWHQKDWWHVLFKLQGLHVHUVHOWVDPHQ6HNXQGH
YRUJHEHXJWHLQH+DQGEHZHJXQJQDFKGHP.RSIHJHPDFKWXQGGLH
=LJDUHWWHIRUWJHZRUIHQ(UVDKLP.UHLVHXPKHUREDXFKGLHDQGHUHQ
HV JHIKOW XQG EHDFKWHW KlWWHQ (U JODXEWH HWZDV EHL VHLQHU 0XWWHU
EHPHUNW ]X KDEHQ GHQ EULJHQ VFKLHQ QLFKWV EHZX‰W JHZRUGHQ ]X
VHLQ-HW]WEOLFNWHGLH.RQVXOLQLQGHQGLFNHQ5HJHQKLQDXVGHUGLH
0DULHQNLUFKHY|OOLJYHUKOOWHXQGVHXI]WHª*RWWVHL'DQN©
ª6R© VDJWH 7RP ª'DV NKOW LQ ]ZHL 0LQXWHQ 1XQ ZHUGHQ
GUDX‰HQGLH7URSIHQDQGHQ%lXPHQKlQJHQXQGZLUZHUGHQLQGHU
9HUDQGD.DIIHHWULQNHQ7KLOGDPDFKPDOGDV)HQVWHUDXI©
'DV*HUlXVFKGHV5HJHQVGUDQJVWlUNHUKHUHLQ(UOlUPWHI|UPOLFK
$OOHV UDXVFKWH SOlWVFKHUWH ULHVHOWH XQG VFKlXPWH 'HU :LQG ZDU
ZLHGHUDXIJHNRPPHQXQGIXKUOXVWLJLQGHQGLFKWHQ:DVVHUVFKOHLHU
]HUUL‰LKQXQGWULHELKQXPKHU-HGH0LQXWHEUDFKWHQHXH.KOXQJ
'D NDP /LQH GDV )ROJPlGFKHQ /LQH LP /DXIVFKULWW GXUFK GLH
6lXOHQKDOOHXQGIXKUVRKHIWLJLQV=LPPHUKHUHLQGD‰,GD-XQJPDQQ
EHVFKZLFKWLJHQGXQGYRUZXUIVYROODXVULHIª*RWWLFKVDJH«©
/LQH¶VDXVGUXFNVORVHEODXH$XJHQZDUHQZHLWDXIJHULVVHQXQGLKUH
.LQQEDFNHQDUEHLWHWHQHLQH:HLOHYHUJHEHQVǻ$FK)UX.RQVXOLQ
DFKQHHQXNDPHQ6¶PDQIOLQN«DFK*RWWHVQHHZDWKHZZLFNPL
YHUILHUW«©


ª*XW© VDJWH 7RQ\ ªQXQ KDW VLH ZLHGHU 6WFNH JHPDFKW
:DKUVFKHLQOLFK DXV JXWHP 3RU]HOODQ 1HLQ 0DPD GHLQ
3HUVRQDO«©
$EHU GDV 0lGFKHQ VWLH‰ JHlQJVWLJW KHUYRU ª$FK QHH 0D¶P¶
*UQOLFK«XQZHQQHVGDWPDQZLHU«hZHUGDWLVPLWGHQ+HUUQ
XQGLFNZROOWPDQGLH6WLHIHOEULQJHQXQGRDUVLWW+HUU.XQVHOGRDU
XSS¶P /HKQVWDXO XQG NDQQ QLFK UHGHQ XQG NLHPW PDQ LPPHU EOR‰
VRXQLFNJO|ZGDWJHKWQLFKJDXWGHQQ+HUU.XQVHOLVRRNJRDUWDX
JHHO«©
ª=X*UDERZ©VFKULH7KRPDVXQGGUlQJWHVLH]XU7UKLQDXV
ª0HLQ*RWW2PHLQ*RWW©ULHIGLH.RQVXOLQLQGHPVLHGLH+lQGH
QHEHQLKUHP*HVLFKWHIDOWHWHXQGKLQDXVHLOWH«
ª=X *UDERZ« PLW HLQHP :DJHQ« VRIRUW© ZLHGHUKROWH 7RQ\
DWHPORV
0DQ IORJ GLH 7UHSSH KLQXQWHU GXUFKV )UKVWFNV]LPPHU LQV
6FKODI]LPPHU
$EHU-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNZDUVFKRQWRW


)h1)7(57(,/

(UVWHV.DSLWHO

ª*XWHQ $EHQG -XVWXV© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ ª*HKW HV GLU JXW"
1LPP3ODW]©
.RQVXO.U|JHUXPDUPWHVLH]DUWXQGIOFKWLJXQGVFKWWHOWHVHLQHU
lOWHVWHQ1LFKWHGLH+DQGGLHJOHLFKIDOOVLP(‰VDDOH]XJHJHQZDU(U
]lKOWH QXQ XQJHIlKUIQIXQGIQI]LJ-DKUH XQGKDWWHVLFK ]X VHLQHP
NOHLQHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW HLQHQ VWDUNHQ UXQGHQ %DFNHQEDUW ZDFKVHQ
ODVVHQGHUGDV.LQQIUHLOLH‰XQG JDQ] JUDX ZDU hEHU VHLQH EUHLWH
XQG URVLJH *ODW]H ZDUHQ VRUJIlOWLJ HLQ SDDU VSlUOLFKH +DDUVWUHLIHQ
IULVLHUW (LQ EUHLWHU 7UDXHUIORU VD‰ DQ GHP bUPHO VHLQHV HOHJDQWHQ
/HLEURFNHV
ª:HL‰WGXGDV1HXHVWH%HWKV\"©IUDJWHHUª-D7RQ\GLFKZLUGHV
EHVRQGHUV LQWHUHVVLHUHQ .XU] XQVHU *UXQGVWFN YRUP %XUJWRU LVW
QXQYHUNDXIW«DQZHQ"1LFKWHWZDDQHLQHQ0DQQVRQGHUQDQ]ZHL
GHQQ HV ZLUG JHWHLOW GDV +DXV ZLUG DEJHEURFKHQ HLQ =DXQ TXHU
KLQGXUFKJH]RJHQXQGGDQQEDXWVLFKUHFKWV.DXIPDQQ%HQWKLHQXQG
OLQNV.DXIPDQQ6|UHQVRQHLQH+XQGHKWWH«QXQ*RWWEHIRKOHQ©
ª8QHUK|UW©VDJWH)UDX*UQOLFKLQGHPVLHGLH+lQGHLP6FK|‰H
IDOWHWH XQG ]XP 3ODIRQG HPSRUEOLFNWH« ª*UR‰YDWHUV *UXQGVWFN
*XWGDPLWLVWGDV%HVLW]WXPYHUSIXVFKW'HU5HL]EHVWDQGJHUDGHLQ
GHU :HLWOlXILJNHLW« GLH HLJHQWOLFK EHUIOVVLJ ZDU« DEHU GDV ZDU
GDV 9RUQHKPH 'HU JUR‰H *DUWHQ« ELV ]XU 7UDYH KLQXQWHU« XQG
GDV ]XUFNOLHJHQGH +DXV PLW GHU $XIIDKUW GHU .DVWDQLHQDOOHH«
1XQZLUGHVDOVRJHWHLOW%HQWKLHQZLUGYRUGHUHLQHQ7UVWHKHQXQG
VHLQH 3IHLIH UDXFKHQ XQG 6|UHQVRQ YRU GHU DQGHUHQ -D LFK VDJH
DXFK ¾*RWW EHIRKOHQ½ 2QNHO -XVWXV (V LVW ZRKO QLHPDQG PHKU
YRUQHKPJHQXJXPGDV*DQ]H]XEHZRKQHQ*XWGD‰*UR‰SDSDHV
QLFKWPHKU]XVHKHQEHNRPPW«©
'LH7UDXHUVWLPPXQJODJQRFKVFKZHUXQGHUQVWLQGHU/XIWDOVGD‰
7RQ\ LKUHU (QWUVWXQJ LQ ODXWHUHQ XQG VWlUNHUHQ :RUWHQ KlWWH
$XVGUXFNJHEHQP|JHQ(VZDUDP7DJHGHU7HVWDPHQWVHU|IIQXQJ
]ZHL :RFKHQ QDFK GHV .RQVXOV $EOHEHQ QDFKPLWWDJV KDOE VHFKV


8KU 'LH .RQVXOLQ %XGGHQEURRN KDWWH LKUHQ %UXGHU LQ GLH
0HQJVWUD‰H JHEHWHQGDPLW HU VLFK PLW 7KRPDV XQG +HUUQ 0DUFXV
GHP 3URNXULVWHQ DQ HLQHU 8QWHUUHGXQJ EHU GLH 9HUIJXQJHQ GHV
9HUVWRUEHQHQ XQG GLH 9HUP|JHQVYHUKlOWQLVVH EHWHLOLJH XQG 7RQ\
KDWWH GHQ (QWVFKOX‰ NXQGJHWDQ JOHLFKIDOOV DQ GHQ
$XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJHQ WHLO]XQHKPHQ 'LHVHV ,QWHUHVVH KDWWH VLH
JHVDJW VHL VLH GHU )LUPD VRZRKO ZLH GHU )DPLOLH VFKXOGLJ XQG VLH
WUXJ 6RUJH GLHVHU =XVDPPHQNXQIW GHQ &KDUDNWHU HLQHU 6LW]XQJ
HLQHV )DPLOLHQUDWHV ]X YHUOHLKHQ 6LH KDWWH GLH )HQVWHUYRUKlQJH
JHVFKORVVHQ XQG WURW] GHU EHLGHQ 3DUDIILQODPSHQ GLH DXI GHP
DXVJH]RJHQHQ JUQJHGHFNWHQ 6SHLVHWLVFK EUDQQWHQ ]XP hEHUIOX‰
VlPWOLFKH .HU]HQ DXI GHQ JUR‰HQ YHUJROGHWHQ .DQGHODEHUQ
HQW]QGHW $X‰HUGHP KDWWH VLH DXI GHU 7DIHO HLQH 0HQJH
6FKUHLESDSLHUVXQGJHVSLW]WHU%OHLVWLIWHYHUWHLOWYRQGHQHQQLHPDQG
ZX‰WHZR]XVLHHLJHQWOLFKJHEUDXFKWZHUGHQVROOWHQ
'DV VFKZDU]H .OHLG JDE LKUHU *HVWDOW HLQH PlGFKHQKDIWH
6FKODQNKHLW XQG REJOHLFK VLH GHQ 7RG GHV .RQVXOV GHP VLH
ZlKUHQG GHU OHW]WHQ =HLW VR KHU]OLFK QDKHJHVWDQGHQ YLHOOHLFKW YRQ
DOOHQDPVFKPHU]OLFKVWHQHPSIDQGREJOHLFKVLHQRFKKHXWHEHLGHP
*HGDQNHQ DQ LKQ ]ZHLPDO LQ ELWWHUH 7UlQHQ DXVJHEURFKHQ ZDU
YHUPRFKWHGLH$XVVLFKWDXIGLHVHQNOHLQHQ)DPLOLHQUDWGLHVHNOHLQH
HUQVWKDIWH 8QWHUUHGXQJ DQ GHU VLH PLW :UGH WHLO]XQHKPHQ
JHGDFKWH LKUH KEVFKHQ :DQJHQ ]X U|WHQ LKUHQ %OLFN ]X EHOHEHQ
LKUHQ%HZHJXQJHQ)UHXGHXQG:LFKWLJNHLW]XJHEHQ«
'LH .RQVXOLQ GDJHJHQ HUPDWWHW YRP 6FKUHFNHQ YRP 6FKPHU]
YRQ WDXVHQG 7UDXHUIRUPDOLWlWHQ XQG GHQ %HJUlEQLVIHLHUOLFKNHLWHQ
VDK OHLGHQG DXV ,KU *HVLFKW YRQ GHQ VFKZDU]HQ 6SLW]HQ GHU
+DXEHQElQGHU XPUDKPW HUVFKLHQ QRFK EOHLFKHU GDGXUFK XQG LKUH
KHOOEODXHQ $XJHQ EOLFNWHQ PDWW ,Q LKUHP JODWWJHVFKHLWHOWHQ
URWEORQGHQ+DDUDEHUZDUQRFKLPPHUNHLQHLQ]LJHVZHL‰HV)lGFKHQ
]X VHKHQ«:DU DXFK GLHV QRFK GLH 3DULVHU7LQNWXU RGHU VFKRQ GLH
3HUFNH" 'DV ZX‰WH 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ DOOHLQ XQG VLH ZUGH HV
QLFKWHLQPDOGHQ'DPHQGHV+DXVHVYHUUDWHQKDEHQ
0DQVD‰DP(QGHGHV6SHLVHWLVFKHVXQGZDUWHWHGD‰7KRPDVXQG
+HUU0DUFXVDXVGHP.RQWRUNlPHQ:HL‰XQGVWRO]KREHQVLFKGLH
JHPDOWHQ *|WWHUELOGHU DXI LKUHQ 6RFNHOQ YRQ GHP KLPPHOEODXHQ
+LQWHUJUXQGHDE


'LH.RQVXOLQVDJWHª'LH6DFKHLVWGLHVHPHLQOLHEHU-XVWXV«LFK
KDEHGLFKELWWHQODVVHQ«NXU]]XVHLQHVKDQGHOWVLFKXP&ODUDGDV
.LQG 0HLQ OLHEHU VHOLJHU -HDQ KDW GLH :DKO HLQHV 9RUPXQGHV
GHVVHQGLH'LUQQRFKZlKUHQGGUHLHU-DKUHEHGDUIPLUEHUODVVHQ«
,FK ZHL‰ GX OLHEVW HV QLFKW PLW 9HUSIOLFKWXQJHQ EHUKlXIW ]X
ZHUGHQGXKDVW3IOLFKWHQJHJHQGHLQH)UDXJHJHQGHLQH6|KQH«©
ª*HJHQPHLQHQ6RKQ%HWKV\©
ª*XW JXW ZLU VROOHQ FKULVWOLFK XQG EDUPKHU]LJ VHLQ -XVWXV :LH
ZLU YHUJHEHQ XQVHUHQ 6FKXOGLJHUQ KHL‰W HV *HGHQNH XQVHUHV
JQlGLJHQ9DWHUVLP+LPPHO©
,KU%UXGHUVDKVLHHLQZHQLJYHUZXQGHUWDQ0DQKDWWHELVKHUQXU
DXV GHV YHUVWRUEHQHQ .RQVXOV 0XQGH VROFKH 5HGHZHQGXQJHQ
YHUQRPPHQ« ª*HQXJ© IXKU VLH IRUW ªHV VLQG VR JXW ZLH NHLQH
0KVHOLJNHLWHQ PLW GLHVHP /LHEHVDPWH YHUEXQGHQ« ,FK P|FKWH
GLFKELWWHQGLH9RUPXQGVFKDIW]XEHUQHKPHQ©
ª*HUQ%HWKV\ZDKUKDIWLJGDVWX¶LFKJHUQ'DUILFKPHLQ0QGHO
QLFKWVHKHQ"(LQEL‰FKHQ]XHUQVWGDVJXWH.LQG«©
&ODUDZDUGJHUXIHQ6FKZDU]XQGEOHLFKHUVFKLHQVLHODQJVDPPLW
WUDXULJ ]XUFNKDOWHQGHQ %HZHJXQJHQ 6LH KDWWH GLH =HLW QDFK LKUHV
9DWHUV 7RGH IDVW XQDXIK|UOLFK PLW %HWHQ DXI LKUHP =LPPHU
YHUEUDFKW ,KUH GXQNOHQ $XJHQ ZDUHQ XQEHZHJOLFK VLH VFKLHQ
HUVWDUUWLQ6FKPHU]XQG*RWWHVIXUFKW
2QNHO-XVWXVJDODQWZLHHUZDUVFKULWWLKUHQWJHJHQXQGYHUEHXJWH
VLFK EHLQDKH DOV HU LKU GLH +DQG GUFNWH GDQQ ULFKWHWH HU HLQLJH
ZRKOJHVHW]WH:RUWHDQVLHXQGVLHJLQJZLHGHUQDFKGHPVLHYRQGHU
.RQVXOLQ HLQHQ .X‰ DXI LKUH XQEHZHJOLFKHQ /LSSHQ
HQWJHJHQJHQRPPHQKDWWH
ª:LHJHKWHVGHPJXWHQ-UJHQ"©EHJDQQGLH.RQVXOLQDXIVQHXH
ª:LHIKOWHUVLFKLQ:LVPDU"©
ª*XW© DQWZRUWHWH -XVWXV .U|JHU LQGHP HU VLFK PLW HLQHP
$FKVHO]XFNHQZLHGHUQLHGHUVHW]WHǻ,FKJODXEH HU KDW QXQ VHLQHQ
3ODW]JHIXQGHQ(ULVWHLQEUDYHU-XQJH%HWKV\HLQ-XQJHYRQ(KUH
DEHU« QDFKGHP LKP GDV ([DPHQ ]ZHLPDO PL‰JOFNW ZDU HV GDV
EHVWH« 'LH -XULVSUXGHQ] PDFKWH LKP VHOEVW NHLQHQ 6SD‰ XQG GLH
3RVLWLRQDQGHU3RVWLQ:LVPDULVWJDQ]DN]HSWDEHO«6DJHPDOLFK
K|UHGHLQ&KULVWLDQNRPPW"©


ª-D -XVWXV HU ZLUG NRPPHQ XQG *RWW EHKWH LKQ DXI GHU 6HH
$FKHVGDXHUWVRIUFKWHUOLFKODQJH2EJOHLFKLFKLKPDPQlFKVWHQ
7DJHQDFK-HDQV7RGHJHVFKULHEHQKDEHKDWHUGHQ%ULHIQRFKODQJH
QLFKWXQGGDQQEUDXFKWHUPLWGHP6HJHOVFKLIIQRFKXQJHIlKU]ZHL
0RQDWH $EHU HU PX‰ NRPPHQ LFK KDEH VR VHKU GDV %HGUIQLV
-XVWXV 7RP VDJWH ]ZDU -HDQ ZUGH HV QLHPDOV ]XJHJHEHQ KDEHQ
GD‰ HU VHLQH 6WHOOH LQ 9DOSDUDLVR IDKUHQOl‰W« DEHU LFK ELWWH GLFK
DFKW-DKUHEHLQDKHGD‰LFKLKQQLFKWJHVHKHQKDEH8QGGDQQXQWHU
GLHVHQ8PVWlQGHQ1HLQLFKZLOOVLHDOOHXP PLFK KDEHQLQ GLHVHU
VFKZHUHQ=HLW«GDVLVWQDWUOLFKIUHLQH0XWWHU«©
ª6LFKHUOLFKVLFKHUOLFK©VDJWH.RQVXO.U|JHUGHQQLKUNDPHQGLH
7UlQHQ
ª-HW]WLVWDXFK7KRPDVHLQYHUVWDQGHQ©IXKUVLHIRUWªGHQQZRLVW
&KULVWLDQ EHVVHU DXIJHKREHQ DOV LQ GHP *HVFKlIW VHLQHV VHOLJHQ
9DWHUVLQ7RPV*HVFKlIW"(UNDQQKLHUEOHLEHQKLHUDUEHLWHQ«DFK
LFKELQDXFKEHVWlQGLJLQ$QJVWGD‰LKPGRUWGUEHQGDV.OLPDHLQ
hEHOWXW«©
1XQ NDP EHJOHLWHW YRQ +HUUQ 0DUFXV 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN LQ
GHQ 6DDO )ULHGULFK :LOKHOP 0DUFXV GHV YHUVWRUEHQHQ .RQVXOV
ODQJMlKULJHU3URNXULVW ZDU HLQ KRFKJHZDFKVHQHU0DQQ LQEUDXQHP
6FKR‰URFN PLW 7UDXHUIORU (U VSUDFK VHKU OHLVH ]|JHUQG HLQ ZHQLJ
VWRWWHUQGMHGHV:RUWHLQH6HNXQGHODQJEHUOHJHQGXQGSIOHJWHPLW
GHP JHUDGH DXVJHVWUHFNWHQ =HLJH XQG 0LWWHOILQJHU VHLQHU /LQNHQ
ODQJVDP XQG YRUVLFKWLJ EHU VHLQHQ URWEUDXQHQ XQJHSIOHJW GHQ
0XQGEHGHFNHQGHQ6FKQXUUEDUW ]X VWUHLFKHQ RGHU VLFK PLW 6RUJIDOW
GLH +lQGH ]X UHLEHQ ZREHL HU VHLQH UXQGHQ EUDXQHQ $XJHQ VR
EHGlFKWLJ ]XU 6HLWH ZDQGHUQ OLH‰ GD‰ HU GHQ (LQGUXFN Y|OOLJHU
.RQIXVLRQ XQG $EZHVHQKHLW PDFKWH REJOHLFK HU VWHWV DXIPHUNVDP
SUIHQGEHLGHU6DFKHZDU
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN LQ VR MXQJHQ -DKUHQ EHUHLWV GHU &KHI GHV
JUR‰HQ +DQGOXQJVKDXVHV OHJWH LQ 0LHQH XQG +DOWXQJ HLQ HUQVWHV
:UGHJHIKO DQ GHQ 7DJ DEHU HU ZDU EOHLFK XQG VHLQH +lQGH LP
EHVRQGHUHQDQGHUHQHLQHUQXQGHUJUR‰H(UEVLHJHOULQJPLWJUQHP
6WHLQH JOlQ]WH ZDUHQ ZHL‰ ZLH GLH 0DQVFKHWWHQ GLH DXV GHQ
VFKZDU]HQ7XFKlUPHOQKHUYRUVDKHQYRQHLQHUIURVWLJHQ%OlVVHGLH
HUNHQQHQ OLH‰ GD‰ VLH YROONRPPHQ WURFNHQ XQG NDOW ZDUHQ 'LHVH
+lQGHGHUHQVFK|Q JHSIOHJWH RYDOH )LQJHUQlJHOGD]X QHLJWHQ HLQH


EOlXOLFKH)lUEXQJ]X]HLJHQNRQQWHQLQJHZLVVHQ$XJHQEOLFNHQLQ
JHZLVVHQHLQZHQLJNUDPSIKDIWHQXQGXQEHZX‰WHQ6WHOOXQJHQHLQHQ
XQEHVFKUHLEOLFKHQ $XVGUXFN YRQ DEZHLVHQGHU (PSILQGVDPNHLW XQG
HLQHU EHLQDKH lQJVWOLFKHQ =XUFNKDOWXQJ DQQHKPHQ HLQHQ
$XVGUXFN GHU GHQ ]LHPOLFK EUHLWHQ XQG EUJHUOLFKHQ ZHQQ DXFK
IHLQJHJOLHGHUWHQ+lQGHQGHU%XGGHQEURRNVELVGDKLQIUHPGJHZHVHQ
ZDUXQGZHQLJ]XLKQHQSD‰WH«7RPVHUVWH6RUJHZDUGLH)OJHOWU
]XP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU ]X |IIQHQ XP GLH :lUPH GHV 2IHQV GHU
GRUWKLQWHUGHPVFKPLHGHHLVHUQHQ*LWWHUEUDQQWHGHP6DDOH]XJXWH
NRPPHQ]XODVVHQ
'DQQ ZHFKVHOWH HU HLQHQ +lQGHGUXFN PLW .RQVXO .U|JHU XQG
QDKP +HUUQ 0DUFXV JHJHQEHU 3ODW] DQ GHU7DIHO ZREHL HU VHLQH
6FKZHVWHU 7RQ\ PLW HUKREHQHU $XJHQEUDXH ]LHPOLFK YHUZXQGHUW
DQVDK$EHUVLHOHJWHLQHLQHU:HLVHGHQ.RSI]XUFNXQGGDV.LQQ
DXI GLH %UXVW GD‰ HU MHGH %HPHUNXQJ EHU LKUH *HJHQZDUW
XQWHUGUFNWH
ª$OVR PDQ GDUI QRFK QLFKW ¾+HUU .RQVXO½ VDJHQ"© IUDJWH -XVWXV
.U|JHUǻ'LH1LHGHUODQGHKRIIHQYHUJHEHQVDXIGHLQH9HUWUHWXQJ
DOWHU7RP"©
ª-D2QNHO-XVWXVLFKKDEHHVIUEHVVHUJHKDOWHQ«VLHKPDOLFK
KlWWHGDV.RQVXODWVRIRUWEHUQHKPHQN|QQHQPLWVRPDQFKDQGHUHU
9HUSIOLFKWXQJ DEHU HUVWHQV ELQ LFK QRFK HLQ EL‰FKHQ MXQJ« XQG
GDQQ KDEH LFK PLW 2QNHO *RWWKROG JHVSURFKHQ HU IUHXWH VLFK XQG
DN]HSWLHUWH©
ª6HKU YHUQQIWLJ PHLQ -XQJH 6HKU SROLWLVFK« 9ROONRPPHQ
JHQWOHPDQOLNH©
ª+HUU 0DUFXV© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOP ªPHLQ OLHEHU +HUU 0DUFXV©
8QG VLH UHLFKWH LKP GLH +DQG GHUHQ )OlFKH VLH JDQ] ZHLW
KHUXPGUHKWH XQG GLH HU ODQJVDP PLW HLQHP EHGlFKWLJHQ XQG
YHUELQGOLFKHQ 6HLWHQEOLFN HQWJHJHQQDKP ª,FK KDEH 6LH
KHUDXIJHEHWHQ«6LHZLVVHQXPZDVHVVLFKKDQGHOWXQGLFKZHL‰
GD‰ 6LH HLQLJ PLW XQV VLQG 0HLQ VHOLJHU 0DQQ KDW LQ VHLQHQ
OHW]WZLOOLJHQ9HUIJXQJHQGHQ:XQVFKDXVJHVSURFKHQ6LHP|FKWHQ
QDFK VHLQHP +HLPJDQJ ,KUH WUHXH EHZlKUWH .UDIW QLFKW OlQJHU DOV
IUHPGHU0LWDUEHLWHUVRQGHUQDOV7HLOKDEHULQGHQ 'LHQVW GHU )LUPD
VWHOOHQ«©


ª*HZL‰ DOOHUGLQJV )UDX .RQVXOLQ© VSUDFK +HUU 0DUFXV ª,FK
ELWWHHUJHEHQVWEHU]HXJW]XVHLQGD‰LFKGLH(KUXQJPHLQHU3HUVRQ
ZHOFKH LQ GLHVHP $QHUELHWHQ OLHJW PLW 'DQNEDUNHLW ]X VFKlW]HQ
ZHL‰ GHQQ GLH 0LWWHO ZHOFKH LFK GHU )LUPD HQWJHJHQ]XEULQJHQ
YHUPDJVLQGQXUDOO]XJHULQJH,FKZHL‰YRU*RWWXQGGHQ0HQVFKHQ
QLFKWV %HVVHUHV ]X WXQ DOV ,KUH XQG ,KUHV +HUUQ 6RKQHV 2IIHUWH
GDQNEDUVW]XDN]HSWLHUHQ©
ª-D 0DUFXV GDQQ GDQNH LFK ,KQHQ KHU]OLFK IU ,KUH
%HUHLWZLOOLJNHLW HLQHQ 7HLO GHU JUR‰HQ 9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW ]X
EHUQHKPHQ GLH IU PLFK YLHOOHLFKW ]X VFKZHU ZlUH© 'LHV VSUDFK
7KRPDV VFKQHOO XQG OHLFKWKLQ LQGHP HU VHLQHP $VVRFLH EHU GHQ
7LVFKKLQEHUGLH+DQGUHLFKWHGHQQGLHEHLGHQZDUHQOlQJVWHLQLJ
XQGGLHVDOOHVZDU)RUPDOLWlW
ª.XPSDQLH LV /XPSHULH« QD 6LH EHLGH ZHUGHQ GHQ 6FKQDFN MD
ZRKO]XVFKDQGHQPDFKHQ©VDJWH.RQVXO.U|JHUª8QGQXQZROOHQ
ZLUGLH9HUKlOWQLVVHPDOGXUFKJHKHQ.LQGHU,FKKDEHKLHUEOR‰DXI
GLH0LWJLIWPHLQHV0QGHOV]XDFKWHQGDVEULJHLVWPLUHJDO+DVW
GX HLQH .RSLH GHV 7HVWDPHQWHV GD %HWKV\" 8QG GX 7RP HLQHQ
NOHLQHQhEHUVFKODJ"©
ª'HQ KDEH LFK LP .RSI© VDJWH 7KRPDV XQG EHJDQQ ZlKUHQG HU
VHLQJROGHQHV&UD\RQDXIGHU7LVFKSODWWHKLQXQGKHUEHZHJWHXQG
]XUFNJHOHKQWLQV/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHUKLQEHUEOLFNWHGHQ6WDQGGHU
'LQJHDXVHLQDQGHU]XVHW]HQ«
'LH 6DFKH ZDU GLH GD‰ GHV .RQVXOV KLQWHUODVVHQHV 9HUP|JHQ
EHWUlFKWOLFKHUZDUDOVLUJHQGHLQ0HQVFKJHJODXEWKDWWH'LH0LWJLIW
VHLQHUlOWHVWHQ7RFKWHUIUHLOLFK ZDU YHUORUHQJHJDQJHQ GLH (LQEX‰H
GLH GLH )LUPD JHOHJHQWOLFK GHV %UHPHU .RQNXUVHV LP -DKUH 
HUOLWWHQ ZDU HLQ VFKZHUHU 6FKODJ JHZHVHQ 8QG DXFK GDV -DKU 
VRZLH GDV JHJHQZlUWLJH -DKU  PLW LKUHQ 8QUXKHQ XQG
.ULHJVOlXIWHQKDWWHQ9HUOXVWHJHEUDFKW$EHUGHU%XGGHQEURRN¶VFKH
$QWHLO DQ GHU .U|JHU¶VFKHQ +LQWHUODVVHQVFKDIW YRQ  
.XUDQWPDUNKDWWHGD-XVWXVHLQH0HQJHLPYRUDXVYHUEUDXFKWYROOH
  EHWUDJHQ XQG REJOHLFK -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN QDFK
.DXIPDQQVDUWEHVWlQGLJJHNODJWKDWWHZDUGHQ9HUOXVWHQGRFKGXUFK
HLQHQ HWZD IQI]HKQMlKULJHQ 9HUGLHQVW YRQ   7DOHUQ .XUDQW
GLH:DDJHJHKDOWHQZRUGHQ'DV9HUP|JHQDOVREHWUXJDEJHVHKHQ
YRQMHGHP*UXQGEHVLW]LQUXQGHU=DKO 0DUN.XUDQW


6HOEVW 7KRPDV ZDU EHL DOOHU (LQVLFKW LQ GHQ *HVFKlIWVJDQJ YRQ
VHLQHP 9DWHU EHU GLHVH +|KH LP XQNODUHQ JHODVVHQ ZRUGHQ XQG
ZlKUHQG GLH .RQVXOLQ PLW UXKLJHU 'LVNUHWLRQ GLH =DKO
HQWJHJHQQDKP ZlKUHQG 7RQ\ PLW HLQHU DOOHUOLHEVWHQ XQG
YHUVWlQGQLVORVHQ :UGH JHUDGHDXV EOLFNWH XQG GHQQRFK HLQHQ
lQJVWOLFKHQ =ZHLIHO DXV LKUHU 0LHQH QLFKW YHUEDQQHQ NRQQWH
ZHOFKHU DXVGUFNWH ,VW GDV DXFK YLHO" 6HKU YLHO" 6LQG ZLU DXFK
UHLFKH /HXWH"« ZlKUHQG +HUU 0DUFXV VLFK ODQJVDP XQG
DQVFKHLQHQG ]HUVWUHXW GLH +lQGH ULHE XQG .RQVXO .U|JHU VLFK
HUVLFKWOLFKODQJZHLOWHHUIOOWHLKQVHOEVWGLHVH=DKOGLHHUDXVVSUDFK
PLW HLQHP QHUY|VHQ XQG WUHLEHQGHQ 6WRO] GHU VLFK EHLQDKH ZLH
8QPXW DXVQDKP ª:LU P‰WHQ OlQJVW GLH 0LOOLRQ HUUHLFKW KDEHQ©
VDJWH HU PLW YRU (UUHJXQJ JHSUH‰WHU 6WLPPH LQGHV VHLQH +lQGH
]LWWHUWHQ« ª*UR‰YDWHU KDW LQ VHLQHU EHVWHQ =HLW VFKRQ
QHXQKXQGHUWWDXVHQG ]XU 9HUIJXQJ JHKDEW« 8QG ZHOFKH
$QVWUHQJXQJHQVHLWGHPZHOFKKEVFKHU(UIROJZHOFKHJXWHQ&RXSV
KLH XQG GD 8QG 0DPDV 0LWJLIW 0DPDV (UEH $FK DEHU GLH
EHVWlQGLJH =HUVSOLWWHUXQJ« 0HLQ *RWW VLH OLHJW LQ GHU 1DWXU GHU
'LQJHYHU]HLKWZHQQLFKLQGLHVHP$XJHQEOLFNDOO]XDXVVFKOLH‰OLFK
LP 6LQQH GHU )LUPD UHGH XQG ZHQLJ IDPLOLlU« 'LHVH 0LWJLIWHQ
GLHVH $XV]DKOXQJHQ DQ 2QNHO *RWWKROG XQG QDFK )UDQNIXUW GLHVH
+XQGHUWWDXVHQGHGLHGHP %HWULHE HQW]RJHQ ZHUGHQ PX‰WHQ« 8QG
GDVZDUHQGDPDOVQXU]ZHL*HVFKZLVWHUGHV)LUPHQFKHIV«*HQXJ
ZLUZHUGHQ]XWXQEHNRPPHQ0DUFXV©
'LH 6HKQVXFKW QDFK 7DW 6LHJ XQG 0DFKW GLH %HJLHU GDV *OFN
DXIGLH.QLH]X]ZLQJHQIODPPWHNXU]XQGKHIWLJLQVHLQHQ$XJHQ
DXI (U IKOWH GLH %OLFNH DOOHU :HOW DXI VLFK JHULFKWHW
HUZDUWXQJVYROO RE HU GDV 3UHVWLJH GHU )LUPD GHU DOWHQ )DPLOLH ]X
I|UGHUQ XQG DXFK QXU ]X ZDKUHQ ZLVVHQ ZHUGH $Q GHU %|UVH
EHJHJQHWH HU GLHVHQ PXVWHUQGHQ 6HLWHQEOLFNHQ DXV DOWHQ MRYLDOHQ
VNHSWLVFKHQ XQG HLQ EL‰FKHQ PRNDQWHQ *HVFKlIWVPDQQVDXJHQ
ZHOFKH ]X IUDJHQ VFKLHQHQ ¾:LUVW GH 6DDN RRN XQQHUNUHJHQ PLQ
6|KQ"½,FKZHUGHHVGDFKWHHU«
)ULHGULFK :LOKHOP 0DUFXV ULHE VLFK EHGlFKWLJ GLH +lQGH XQG
-XVWXV .U|JHU VDJWH ª1D UXKLJ %OXW DOWHU 7RP 'LH =HLWHQ VLQG
QLFKW PHKU ZLH GDPDOV DOV GHLQ *UR‰SDSD SUHX‰LVFKHU
+HHUHVOLHIHUDQWZDU«©


8QG QXQ EHJDQQ HLQ DXVIKUOLFKHV *HVSUlFK EHU GLH JUR‰HQ XQG
NOHLQHQ $QRUGQXQJHQ GHV 7HVWDPHQWHV HLQ *HVSUlFK DQ GHP VLFK
DOOH EHWHLOLJWHQ XQG LQ ZHOFKHP .RQVXO .U|JHU GLH JXWH /DXQH
YHUWUDWLQGHPHUYRQ7KRPDVEHVWlQGLJDOVYRQª6HLQHU+RKHLWGHP
QXQPHKU UHJLHUHQGHQ )UVWHQ© VSUDFK ª'HU 6SHLFKHUJUXQGEHVLW]
EOHLEWGHU7UDGLWLRQJHPl‰RKQHZHLWHUHVEHLGHU.URQH©VDJWHHU
,P EULJHQ JLQJHQ ZLH VLFK YHUVWHKW GLH %HVWLPPXQJHQ GDKLQ
GD‰ DOOHV QDFK 0|JOLFKNHLW EHLVDPPHQJHODVVHQ ZHUGHQ VROOWH GD‰
)UDX(OLVDEHWK%XGGHQEURRN LP 3ULQ]LS 8QLYHUVDOHUELQ VHL XQG GDV
JDQ]H 9HUP|JHQ LP *HVFKlIWH YHUEOHLEH ZREHL +HUU 0DUFXV
NRQVWDWLHUWH GD‰ HU GDV %HWULHEVNDSLWDO DOV 7HLOKDEHU XP  
.XUDQWYHUVWlUNH)U7KRPDVZDUHQDOVYRUOlXILJHV3ULYDWYHUP|JHQ
  DXVJHVHW]W XQG GLH JOHLFKH 6XPPH IU &KULVWLDQ LQ GHP
)DOOHGD‰HUVLFKVHOEVWlQGLJHWDEOLHUH
-XVWXV .U|JHU ZDU HLIULJ EHL GHU 6DFKH DOV GHU 3DVVXV YHUOHVHQ
ZDUG ª'LH )L[LHUXQJ GHU 0LWJLIWVXPPH IU PHLQH LQQLJJHOLHEWH
MQJHUH 7RFKWHU &ODUD LP )DOOH LKUHU 9HUHKHOLFKXQJ EHUODVVH LFK
GHP (UPHVVHQ PHLQHU LQQLJJHOLHEWHQ )UDX©« ª6DJHQ ZLU
+XQGHUWWDXVHQG© VFKOXJ HU YRU LQGHP HU VLFK ]XUFNOHKQWH HLQ
%HLQEHUGDVDQGHUHVFKOXJXQGPLW EHLGHQ +lQGHQ VHLQHQ NXU]HQ
JUDXHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW HPSRUGUHKWH (U ZDU GLH .XODQ] VHOEVW $EHU
PDQ VHW]WH GLH KHUJHEUDFKWH 6XPPH YRQ   .XUDQWPDUN IHVW
ª,P )DOOH HLQHU DEHUPDOLJHQ 9HUKHLUDWXQJ PHLQHU LQQLJJHOLHEWHQ
lOWHVWHQ 7RFKWHU $QWRQLH© KLH‰ HV ZHLWHU ªGDUI DQJHVLFKWV GHU
7DWVDFKHGD‰EHUHLWVDQLKUHHUVWH(KH .XUDQWPDUNJHZHQGHW
ZRUGHQ DOV $XVVWHXHU GLH 6XPPH YRQ   7DOHUQ .XUDQW QLFKW
EHUVFKULWWHQZHUGHQ«©
)UDX$QWRQLHEHZHJWHPLWHEHQVRJUD]L|VHUZLHHUUHJWHU*HVWHGLH
$UPHQDFKYRUQXPGLHbUPHOGHU7DLOOH]XUFN]XVFKLHEHQXQGVLH
EOLFNWH ]XU 'HFNH HPSRU LQGHP VLH DXVULHI ª*UQOLFK  KD© (V
NODQJ ZLH HLQ .ULHJVUXI ZLH HLQ NOHLQHU 7URPSHWHQVWR‰ ª:LVVHQ
6LH HLJHQWOLFK ZLH HV VLFK PLW GHP 0DQQH YHUKlOW +HUU 0DUFXV"©
IUDJWH VLH ª:LU VLW]HQ HLQHV KDUPORVHQ 1DFKPLWWDJV LP *DUWHQ«
YRUP¾3RUWDO½«6LHZLVVHQ+HUU0DUFXVXQVHU¾3RUWDO½*XW:HU
HUVFKHLQW" (LQH 3HUVRQ PLW HLQHP JROGIDUEHQHQ %DFNHQEDUW« :DV
IUHLQ)LORX«©


ª6R© VDJWH 7KRPDV ª:LU UHGHQ QDFKKHU YRQ +HUUQ *UQOLFK
QLFKWZDKU"©
ª*XWJXWDEHUGDVZLUVWGXPLU]XJHEHQ7RPGXELVWHLQNOXJHU
0HQVFKXQGGLH(UIDKUXQJKDEHLFKJHPDFKWZHL‰WGXREJOHLFKLFK
YRUNXU]HU=HLWQRFKVHKUHLQIlOWLJZDUQlPOLFKGD‰LP/HEHQQLFKW
DOOHVLPPHUPLWHKUOLFKHQXQGJHUHFKWHQ'LQJHQ]XJHKW«©
ª-D«©VDJWH7RP8QGPDQIXKUIRUWPDQJLQJ LQV 'HWDLO PDQ
QDKP .HQQWQLV YRQ GHQ %HVWLPPXQJHQ EHU GLH JUR‰H
)DPLOLHQELEHOEHUGHV.RQVXOV'LDPDQWNQ|SIHEHUYLHOHHLQ]HOQH
'LQJH«-XVWXV.U|JHUXQG+HUU0DUFXVEOLHEHQ]XP$EHQGEURW

=ZHLWHV.DSLWHO

=X %HJLQQ GHV )HEUXDU  QDFK DFKWMlKULJHU $EZHVHQKHLW


NHKUWH &KULVWLDQ %XGGHQEURRN LQ GLH 9DWHUVWDGW ]XUFN (U NDP LQ
HLQHP JHOEHQ XQG JUR‰NDULHUWHQ $Q]XJ GHU GXUFKDXV HWZDV
7URSLVFKHVDQVLFKKDWWHPLWGHU3RVWNXWVFKHYRQ+DPEXUJEUDFKWH
GHQ 6FKQDEHO HLQHV 6FKZHUWILVFKHV XQG HLQ JUR‰HV =XFNHUURKU PLW
XQG QDKP LQ KDOE ]HUVWUHXWHU KDOE YHUOHJHQHU +DOWXQJ GLH
8PDUPXQJHQGHU.RQVXOLQHQWJHJHQ
'LHVH+DOWXQJEHZDKUWHHUDXFKDOVJOHLFKDPQlFKVWHQ9RUPLWWDJ
QDFKVHLQHU$QNXQIWGLH)DPLOLHYRUV%XUJWRUKLQDXV]XP)ULHGKRIH
JLQJXPDXIGHP*UDEHHLQHQ.UDQ]QLHGHU]XOHJHQ6LHVWDQGHQDOOH
EHLHLQDQGHU DXI GHP YHUVFKQHLWHQ :HJH YRU GHU XPIDQJUHLFKHQ
3ODWWH DXI ZHOFKHU GLH 1DPHQ GHU KLHU 5XKHQGHQ GDV LQ 6WHLQ
JHDUEHLWHWH :DSSHQ GHU )DPLOLH XPJDEHQ« YRU GHP DXIUHFKWHQ
0DUPRUNUHX] GDV VLFKDQ GHQ 5DQG GHV NOHLQHQ ZLQWHUOLFK NDKOHQ
)ULHGKRIJHK|O]HV OHKQWH DOOH DXVJHQRPPHQ .ORWKLOGH GLH DXI
¾8QJQDGH½ZHLOWHXPLKUHQNUDQNHQ9DWHU]XSIOHJHQ
7RQ\OHJWHGHQ.UDQ]DXIGHQLQJROGHQHQ%XFKVWDEHQIULVFKLQGLH
3ODWWH HLQJHODVVHQHQ 1DPHQ GHV 9DWHUV XQG NQLHWH GDQQ WURW] GHV
6FKQHHVDP*UDEHQLHGHUXPOHLVH]XEHWHQGHUVFKZDU]H6FKOHLHU
XPVSLHOWH VLH XQG LKU ZHLWHU .OHLGHUURFN ODJ HLQ ZHQLJ PDOHULVFK


VFKZXQJYROO QHEHQ LKU DXVJHEUHLWHW *RWW DOOHLQ ZX‰WH ZLHYLHO
6FKPHU]XQG5HOLJLRVLWlWXQGDQGHUHUVHLWVZLHYLHO6HOEVWJHIlOOLJNHLW
HLQHU KEVFKHQ )UDX LQ GLHVHU KLQJHJRVVHQHQ 6WHOOXQJ ODJ 7KRPDV
ZDU QLFKW LQ GHU 6WLPPXQJ GDUEHU QDFK]XGHQNHQ &KULVWLDQ DEHU
EOLFNWHVHLQH6FKZHVWHUPLWHLQHP0LVFKDXVGUXFNYRQ0RNHULHXQG
bQJVWOLFKNHLW YRQ GHU 6HLWH DQ DOV ZROOWH HU VDJHQ ¾:LUVW GX GDV
DXFK YHUDQWZRUWHQ N|QQHQ" :LUVW GX DXFK QLFKW YHUOHJHQ ZHUGHQ
ZHQQGXDXIVWHKVW":LHXQDQJHQHKP½7RQ\ILQJGLHVHQ%OLFNDXI
DOVVLHVLFKHUKREDEHUVLHJHULHWGXUFKDXVQLFKWLQ9HUOHJHQKHLW6LH
OHJWHGHQ.RSI]XUFNRUGQHWH6FKOHLHUXQG5RFNXQGZDQGWHVLFK
PLW ZUGHYROOHU 6LFKHUKHLW ]XP *HKHQ ZDV &KULVWLDQ VLFKWOLFK
HUOHLFKWHUWH
:DUGHUYHUVWRUEHQH.RQVXOPLWVHLQHUVFKZlUPHULVFKHQ/LHEH]X
*RWWXQGGHP*HNUHX]LJWHQGHUHUVWHVHLQHV*HVFKOHFKWHVJHZHVHQ
GHU XQDOOWlJOLFKH XQEUJHUOLFKH XQG GLIIHUHQ]LHUWH *HIKOH JHNDQQW
XQG JHSIOHJW KDWWH VR VFKLHQHQ VHLQH EHLGHQ 6|KQH GLH HUVWHQ
%XGGHQEURRNV]XVHLQGLHYRUGHPIUHLHQXQG QDLYHQ +HUYRUWUHWHQ
VROFKHU *HIKOH HPSILQGOLFK ]XUFNVFKUHFNWHQ 6LFKHUOLFK KDWWH
7KRPDV PLW UHL]EDUHUHU 6FKPHU]IlKLJNHLW GHQ 7RG VHLQHV 9DWHUV
HUOHEW DOV HWZD VHLQ *UR‰YDWHU GHQ 9HUOXVW GHV VHLQHQ 'HQQRFK
SIOHJWH HU QLFKW DP *UDEH LQ GLH .QLH ]X VLQNHQ KDWWH HU VLFK
QLHPDOVZLHVHLQH6FKZHVWHU7RQ\EHUGHQ7LVFKJHZRUIHQXP]X
VFKOXFK]HQZLHHLQ.LQGHPSIDQGHUDOVLPK|FKVWHQ*UDGHSHLQOLFK
GLH JUR‰HQ PLW 7UlQHQ JHPLVFKWHQ :RUWH PLW GHQHQ 0DGDPH
*UQOLFK]ZLVFKHQ%UDWHQXQG1DFKWLVFKGLH&KDUDNWHUHLJHQVFKDIWHQ
XQG GLH 3HUVRQ GHV WRWHQ 9DWHUV ]X IHLHUQ OLHEWH 6ROFKHQ
$XVEUFKHQ JHJHQEHUKDWWHHUHLQHQ WDNWYROOHQ (UQVW HLQ JHID‰WHV
6FKZHLJHQ HLQ ]XUFNKDOWHQGHV .RSIQLFNHQ« XQG JHUDGH GDQQ
ZHQQQLHPDQGGHV9HUVWRUEHQHQHUZlKQWRGHUJHGDFKWKDWWHIOOWHQ
VLFKRKQHGD‰ VHLQ *HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN VLFK YHUlQGHUW KlWWHODQJVDP
VHLQH$XJHQPLW7UlQHQ
(V ZDU DQGHUV PLW &KULVWLDQ (U YHUPRFKWH EHL GHQ QDLYHQ XQG
NLQGOLFKHQ (UJVVHQ VHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU VFKOHFKWHUGLQJV QLFKW VHLQH
+DOWXQJ]XEHZDKUHQHUEFNWHVLFKEHUVHLQHQ7HOOHUZDQGWHVLFK
DE ]HLJWH GDV %HGUIQLV VLFK ]X YHUNULHFKHQ XQG XQWHUEUDFK VLH
PHKUHUH 0DOH VRJDU PLW HLQHP OHLVHQ XQG JHTXlOWHQ ª*RWW«


7RQ\«© ZREHL VHLQH JUR‰H 1DVH LQ XQ]lKOLJH )lOWFKHQ JH]RJHQ
ZDU
-D HU OHJWH 8QUXKH XQG 9HUOHJHQKHLW DQ GHQ 7DJ VREDOG GDV
*HVSUlFKVLFKGHP9HUVWRUEHQHQ]XZDQGWHXQGHVVFKLHQDOVREHU
QLFKWQXUGLHXQGHOLNDWHQbX‰HUXQJHQWLHIHUXQGIHLHUOLFKHU*HIKOH
VRQGHUQDXFKGLH*HIKOHVHOEVWIUFKWHWHXQGPLHG
0DQKDWWHLKQQRFKNHLQH7UlQHEHUGHQ7RGGHV9DWHUVYHUJLH‰HQ
VHKHQ 'LH ODQJH (QWZ|KQXQJ DOOHLQ HUNOlUWH GLHV QLFKW 'DV
0HUNZUGLJHDEHUZDUGD‰HULP*HJHQVDW]H]XVHLQHPVRQVWLJHQ
:LGHUZLOOHQ JHJHQ GHUDUWLJH *HVSUlFKH LPPHU ZLHGHU VHLQH
6FKZHVWHU 7RQ\ JDQ] DOOHLQ EHLVHLWH QDKP XP VLFK YRQ LKU GLH
9RUJlQJH MHQHV IUFKWHUOLFKHQ 6WHUEHQDFKPLWWDJHV VR UHFKW
DQVFKDXOLFK XQG LP HLQ]HOQHQ HU]lKOHQ ]X ODVVHQ GHQQ 0DGDPH
*UQOLFKHU]lKOWHDPOHEKDIWHVWHQª$OVRJHOEVDKHUDXV"©IUDJWHHU
]XP IQIWHQ 0DOH« ª:DV VFKULH GDV 0lGFKHQ DOV HV ]X HXFK
KHUHLQVWU]WH"«(UVDKDOVRJDQ]JHOEDXV"«8QGKDWQLFKWVPHKU
VDJHQN|QQHQEHYRUHUVWDUE"«:DVVDJWHGDV0lGFKHQ":LHKDWHU
QXUQRFKPDFKHQN|QQHQ¾8D«XD½"«©(UVFKZLHJVFKZLHJODQJH
=HLW LQGHV VHLQH NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ VFKQHOO XQG
JHGDQNHQYROO LP =LPPHU XPKHULUUWHQ ª*Ul‰OLFK© VDJWH HU
SO|W]OLFK XQG PDQ VDK GD‰ HLQ 6FKDXHU LKQ EHUOLHI ZlKUHQG HU
DXIVWDQG8QGLPPHUPLWXQUXKLJHQXQGJUEHOQGHQ$XJHQJLQJHU
DXI XQG QLHGHU ZlKUHQG 7RQ\ VLFK ZXQGHUWH GD‰ LKU %UXGHU GHU
VLFKDXVXQEHJUHLIOLFKHQ*UQGHQ]XVFKlPHQVFKLHQZHQQVLHODXW
GHQ 9DWHU EHWUDXHUWH PLW HLQHU $UW VFKDXHUOLFKHU 1DFKGHQNOLFKNHLW
JDQ] ODXW GLH 7RGHVODXWH GHVVHOEHQ ZLHGHUKROHQ PRFKWH GLH HU PLW
YLHOHU0KHYRQ/LQHGHP0lGFKHQHUIUDJWKDWWH«
&KULVWLDQ KDWWH VLFK GXUFKDXV QLFKW YHUVFK|QW (U ZDU KDJHU XQG
EOHLFK'LH+DXWXPVSDQQWHEHUDOOVWUDIIVHLQHQ6FKlGHO]ZLVFKHQ
GHQ:DQJHQNQRFKHQVSUDQJGLHJUR‰HPLWHLQHP+|FNHUYHUVHKHQH
1DVH VFKDUI XQG IOHLVFKORV KHUYRU XQG GDV +DXSWKDDU ZDU VFKRQ
PHUNOLFK JHOLFKWHW 6HLQ +DOV ZDU GQQ XQG ]X ODQJ XQG VHLQH
PDJHUHQ %HLQH ]HLJWHQ HLQH VWDUNH .UPPXQJ QDFK DX‰HQ«
hEULJHQV VFKLHQ VHLQ /RQGRQHU $XIHQWKDOW LKQ DP QDFKKDOWLJVWHQ
EHHLQIOX‰W ]X KDEHQ XQG GD HU DXFK LQ 9DOSDUDLVR DP PHLVWHQ PLW
(QJOlQGHUQ YHUNHKUW KDWWH VR KDWWH VHLQH JDQ]H (UVFKHLQXQJ HWZDV
(QJOLVFKHVDQJHQRPPHQZDVQLFKWEHO]XLKUSD‰WH(VODJHWZDV


GDYRQ LQ GHP EHTXHPHQ 6FKQLWW XQG GHP ZROOLJHQ GXUDEOHQ 6WRII
VHLQHV$Q]XJHVLQGHUEUHLWHQXQGVROLGHQ(OHJDQ]VHLQHU6WLHIHOXQG
LQ GHU $UW ZLH VHLQ URWEORQGHU VWDUNHU 6FKQXUUEDUW PLW HWZDV
VlXHUOLFKHP $XVGUXFN LKP EHU GHQ 0XQG KLQJ -D VHOEVW VHLQH
+lQGH GLH YRQ MHQHP PDWWHQ XQG SRU|VHQ :HL‰ ZDUHQ ZLH GLH
+LW]H HV KHUYRUEULQJW PDFKWHQ PLW LKUHQ UXQG XQG NXU]
JHVFKQLWWHQHQ VDXEHUHQ 1lJHOQ DXV LUJHQGZHOFKHQ *UQGHQ HLQHQ
HQJOLVFKHQ(LQGUXFN ª6DJH PDO«©IUDJWHHUXQYHUPLWWHOWªNHQQVW
GX GDV *HIKO« HV LVW VFKZHU ]X EHVFKUHLEHQ« ZHQQ PDQ HLQHQ
KDUWHQ %LVVHQ YHUVFKOXFNW XQG HV WXW KLQWHQ GHQ JDQ]HQ 5FNHQ
KLQXQWHUZHK"©'DEHLZDUZLHGHUVHLQHJDQ]H1DVHLQVWUDIIHNOHLQH
)lOWFKHQ JH]RJHQ ª-D© VDJWH 7RQ\ ªGDV LVW HWZDV JDQ]
*HZ|KQOLFKHV0DQWULQNWHLQHQ6FKOXFN:DVVHU«©
ª6R"©HUZLGHUWH HU XQEHIULHGLJW ª1HLQ LFK JODXEH QLFKW GD‰ ZLU
GDVVHOEHPHLQHQ©8QGHLQXQUXKLJHU(UQVWEHZHJWHVLFKDXIVHLQHP
*HVLFKWH KLQ XQG KHU« 'DEHL ZDU HU GHU HUVWH GHU LP +DXVH HLQH
IUHLHXQGGHU7UDXHUDEJHZDQGWH6WLPPXQJYHUWUDW(UKDWWHYRQGHU
.XQVW GHQ YHUVWRUEHQHQ 0DUFHOOXV 6WHQJHO QDFK]XDKPHQ QLFKWV
YHUOHUQW XQG UHGHWH RIW VWXQGHQODQJ LQ VHLQHU 6SUDFKH %HL 7LVFKH
HUNXQGLJWHHUVLFKQDFKGHP6WDGWWKHDWHU«REHLQHJXWH7UXSSHGRUW
VHL ZDV JHVSLHOW ZHUGH« ª,FK ZHL‰ QLFKW© VDJWH 7RP PLW HLQHU
%HWRQXQJGLHEHUWULHEHQJOHLFKJOWLJZDUXPQLFKWXQJHGXOGLJ]X
VHLQª,FKNPPHUHPLFKMHW]WQLFKWGDUXP©
&KULVWLDQ DEHU EHUK|UWH GLHV Y|OOLJ XQG ILQJ DQ YRP 7KHDWHU ]X
VSUHFKHQǻ,FKNDQQJDUQLFKWVDJHQZLHJHUQLFKLP7KHDWHUELQ
6FKRQ GDV :RUW ¾7KHDWHU½ PDFKW PLFK JHUDGH]X JOFNOLFK« ,FK
ZHL‰ QLFKW RE MHPDQG YRQ HXFK GLHV *HIKO NHQQW" ,FK N|QQWH
VWXQGHQODQJ VWLOOVLW]HQ XQG GHQ JHVFKORVVHQHQ 9RUKDQJ DQVHKHQ«
'DEHL IUHXH LFK PLFK ZLH DOV .LQG ZHQQ ZLU KLHU KHUHLQ ]XU
:HLKQDFKWVEHVFKHUXQJ JLQJHQ« 6FKRQ GDV 6WLPPHQ GHU
2UFKHVWHULQVWUXPHQWH,FK ZUGH LQV7KHDWHU JHKHQ QXU XP GDV ]X
K|UHQ« %HVRQGHUV JHUQ KDEH LFK GLH /LHEHVV]HQHQ« (LQLJH
/LHEKDEHULQQHQYHUVWHKHQHVGHQ.RSIGHV/LHEKDEHUVVR]ZLVFKHQ
EHLGH+lQGH]XQHKPHQ«hEHUKDXSWGLH6FKDXVSLHOHU«LFKKDEHLQ
/RQGRQXQGDXFKLQ9DOSDUDLVRYLHOPLW6FKDXVSLHOHUQYHUNHKUW=X
$QIDQJ ZDU LFK ZDKUKDIWLJ VWRO] PLW LKQHQ VR LP JDQ]
JHZ|KQOLFKHQ/HEHQVSUHFKHQ]XN|QQHQ,P7KHDWHUDFKWHLFKDXI


MHGH LKUHU %HZHJXQJHQ« GDV LVW VHKU LQWHUHVVDQW (LQHU VDJW VHLQ
OHW]WHV:RUWGUHKWVLFKLQDOOHU5XKHXPXQGJHKWJDQ]ODQJVDPXQG
VLFKHU XQG RKQH 9HUOHJHQKHLW ]XU 7U REJOHLFK HU ZHL‰ GD‰ GLH
$XJHQ GHV JDQ]HQ 7KHDWHUV DXI VHLQHP 5FNHQ OLHJHQ« ZLH PDQ
GDVNDQQ)UKHUKDEHLFKPLFKIRUWZlKUHQGJHVHKQWHLQPDOKLQWHU
GLH.XOLVVHQ]XNRPPHQMDMHW]WELQLFKGD]LHPOLFK]X+DXVHGDV
NDQQLFKVDJHQ6WHOOWHXFKYRU«LQHLQHP2SHUHWWHQWKHDWHUHVZDU
LQ/RQGRQJLQJHLQHV$EHQGVGHU9RUKDQJDXIDOVLFKQRFKDXIGHU
%KQH VWDQG« ,FK XQWHUKLHOW PLFK PLW 0LVV :DWHUFORRVH« HLQHP
)UlXOHLQ :DWHUFORRVH« HLQ VHKU KEVFKHV 0lGFKHQ *HQXJ
SO|W]OLFK|IIQHWVLFKGHU=XVFKDXHUUDXP«PHLQ*RWWLFKZHL‰QLFKW
ZLHLFKYRQGHU%KQHKHUXQWHUJHNRPPHQELQ©
0DGDPH *UQOLFK ODFKWH VR ]LHPOLFK DOOHLQ LQ GHU NOHLQHQ
7DIHOUXQGH DEHU &KULVWLDQ IXKU PLW XPKHUZDQGHUQGHQ $XJHQ ]X
VSUHFKHQIRUW(UVSUDFKYRQHQJOLVFKHQ&DIH.RQ]HUWVlQJHULQQHQHU
HU]lKOWH YRQ HLQHU 'DPH GLH PLW HLQHU JHSXGHUWHQ 3HUFNH
DXIJHWUHWHQ VHL PLW HLQHP ODQJHQ 6WRFN DXI GLH (UGH JHVWR‰HQ XQG
HLQ/LHGQDPHQV¾7KDW¶V0DULD½JHVXQJHQKDEH«ª0DULDZL‰WLKU
0DULDLVWGLH6FKlQGOLFKVWHYRQDOOHQ«:HQQHLQHGDV6QGKDIWHVWH
EHJDQJHQ KDW WKDW¶V 0DULD 0DULD LVW GLH $OOHUVFKOLPPVWH ZL‰W
LKU« GDV /DVWHU«© 8QG GDV OHW]WH :RUW VSUDFK HU PLW
DEVFKHXOLFKHP$XVGUXFNLQGHPHUGLH1DVHNUDXVWHXQGGLHUHFKWH
+DQGPLWJHNUPPWHQ)LQJHUQHUKRE
ª$VVH] &KULVWLDQ© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ ª'LHV LQWHUHVVLHUW XQV
GXUFKDXVQLFKW©
$OOHLQ &KULVWLDQV %OLFN VFKZHLIWH DEZHVHQG EHU VLH KLQ XQG HU
KlWWH DXFK ZRKO RKQH LKUHQ (LQZXUI ]X VSUHFKHQ DXIJHK|UW GHQQ
ZlKUHQG VHLQH NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ UDVWORV
ZDQGHUWHQVFKLHQHULQHLQWLHIHVXQUXKLJHV1DFKGHQNHQEHU0DULD
XQGGDV/DVWHUYHUVXQNHQ
3O|W]OLFK VDJWH HU ª6RQGHUEDU« PDQFKPDO NDQQ LFK QLFKW
VFKOXFNHQ1HLQGDLVWQLFKWV]XODFKHQLFKILQGHHVIXUFKWEDUHUQVW
0LUIlOOWHLQGD‰LFKYLHOOHLFKWQLFKWVFKOXFNHQNDQQXQGGDQQNDQQ
LFKHVZLUNOLFKQLFKW'HU %LVVHQVLW]W VFKRQ JDQ] KLQWHQ DEHUGLHV
KLHUGHU+DOVGLH0XVNHOQ«HVYHUVDJWJDQ]HLQIDFK«(VJHKRUFKW
GHP:LOOHQQLFKWZL‰WLKU-DGLH6DFKHLVWLFKZDJHQLFKWHLQPDO
HVRUGHQWOLFK]XZROOHQ©


7RQ\ULHIJDQ]DX‰HUVLFKª&KULVWLDQPHLQ*RWWZDVIUGXPPHV
=HXJ'XZDJVWQLFKWVFKOXFNHQ]XZROOHQ«1HLQGXPDFKVWGLFK
MDOlFKHUOLFK:DVHU]lKOVWGXXQVHLJHQWOLFKDOOHV«©
7KRPDVVFKZLHJ'LH.RQVXOLQDEHUVDJWHª'DVVLQGGLH1HUYHQ
&KULVWLDQ MD HV ZDU K|FKVWH =HLW GD‰ GX QDFK +DXVH NDPVW GDV
.OLPDGUEHQKlWWHGLFKQRFKNUDQNJHPDFKW©
1DFK 7LVFKH VHW]WH HU VLFK DQ GDV NOHLQH +DUPRQLXP GDV LP
(‰VDDOH VWDQG XQG PDFKWH HLQHQ.ODYLHUYLUWXRVHQ (U WDWDOV RE HU
VHLQ +DDU ]XUFNZUIH ULHE VLFK GLH +lQGH XQG EOLFNWH YRQ XQWHQ
KHUDXILQV=LPPHUGDQQODXWORVRKQHGLH%lOJH]XWUHWHQGHQQHU
NRQQWHGXUFKDXVQLFKWVSLHOHQXQGZDUEHUKDXSWXQPXVLNDOLVFKZLH
GLHPHLVWHQ%XGGHQEURRNV EHJDQQ HU HPVLJ YRUQEHUJHEHXJW GHQ
%D‰ ]X EHDUEHLWHQ YROOIKUWH ZDKQVLQQLJH 3DVVDJHQ ZDUI VLFK
]XUFN EOLFNWH HQW]FNW QDFK REHQ XQG JULII PLW EHLGHQ +lQGHQ
PDFKWYROO XQG VLHJKDIW LQ GLH 7DVWHQ« 6HOEVW &ODUD JHULHW LQV
/DFKHQ 6HLQ 6SLHO ZDU WlXVFKHQG YROO YRQ /HLGHQVFKDIW XQG
&KDUODWDQHULHYROOYRQXQZLGHUVWHKOLFKHU.RPLNGLHGHQEXUOHVNHQ
XQGH[]HQWULVFKHQHQJOLVFKDPHULNDQLVFKHQ&KDUDNWHUWUXJXQGZHLW
HQWIHUQW ZDU HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN XQDQJHQHKP ]X EHUKUHQ GHQQ HU
VHOEVWIKOWH VLFK DOO]X ZRKO XQG VLFKHUGDULQ ª,FK ELQ LPPHU VHKU
KlXILJ LQ .RQ]HUWH JHJDQJHQ© VDJWH HU ªLFK VHKH HV JDU ]X JHUQ
ZLH GLH /HXWH VLFK PLW LKUHQ ,QVWUXPHQWHQ EHQHKPHQ« -D HV LVW
ZDKUKDIWLJZXQGHUVFK|QHLQ.QVWOHU]XVHLQ©
'DQQ EHJDQQ HU YRQ QHXHP 3O|W]OLFK MHGRFK EUDFK HU DE *DQ]
XQYHUPLWWHOWZXUGHHUHUQVWVREHUUDVFKHQGGD‰HV DXVVDK DOV RE
HLQH0DVNHYRQVHLQHP*HVLFKWKLQXQWHUILHOHUVWDQGDXIVWULFKPLW
GHU +DQG GXUFK VHLQ VSlUOLFKHV +DDU EHJDE VLFK DQ HLQHQ DQGHUHQ
3ODW]XQGEOLHEGRUWVFKZHLJVDPEHOODXQLJPLWXQUXKLJHQ$XJHQ
XQG HLQHP *HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN DOV KRUFKH HU DXI LUJHQGHLQ
XQKHLPOLFKHV*HUlXVFK
ª0DQFKPDO ILQGH LFK &KULVWLDQ HLQ EL‰FKHQ VRQGHUEDU© VDJWH
0DGDPH *UQOLFK HLQHV $EHQGV ]X LKUHP %UXGHU 7KRPDV DOV VLH
DOOHLQ ZDUHQ« ª:LH VSULFKW HU HLJHQWOLFK" (U JHKW VR PHUNZUGLJ
LQV'HWDLOGQNWPLFK«RGHUZLHVROOLFKVDJHQ(UVLHKWGLH'LQJH
YRQHLQHUVRIUHPGDUWLJHQ6HLWHDQZLH"«©


ª-D© VDJWH 7RP ªLFK YHUVWHKH UHFKW ZRKO ZDV GX PHLQVW 7RQ\
&KULVWLDQLVWKHU]OLFKLQGLVNUHW«HVLVWVFKZHUHVDXV]XGUFNHQ,KP
IHKOW HWZDV ZDV PDQ GDV *OHLFKJHZLFKW GDV SHUV|QOLFKH
*OHLFKJHZLFKW QHQQHQ NDQQ (LQHUVHLWV LVW HU QLFKW LPVWDQGH
WDNWORVHQ 1DLYLWlWHQ DQGHUHU /HXWH JHJHQEHU GLH )DVVXQJ ]X
EHZDKUHQ« (U LVW GHP QLFKW JHZDFKVHQ HU YHUVWHKW QLFKW HV ]X
YHUWXVFKHQ HU YHUOLHUW JDQ] XQG JDU GLH &RQWHQDQFH« $EHU
DQGHUHUVHLWVNDQQHUDXFKLQGHU:HLVHGLH&RQWHQDQFHYHUOLHUHQGD‰
HUVHOEVWLQGDVXQDQJHQHKPVWH$XVSODXGHUQJHUlWXQGVHLQ,QWLPVWHV
QDFKDX‰HQNHKUW'DVPXWHWPDQFKPDOJHUDGH]XXQKHLPOLFKDQ,VW
HV QLFKW ZLH ZHQQ HLQHU LP )LHEHU VSULFKW" 'HP 3KDQWDVLHUHQGHQ
IHKOWLQJDQ]GHUVHOEHQ:HLVHGLH+DOWXQJXQGGLH5FNVLFKW«$FK
GLH 6DFKH LVW JDQ] HLQIDFK GLH GD‰ &KULVWLDQ VLFK ]X YLHO PLW VLFK
VHOEVW EHVFKlIWLJW PLW GHQ 9RUJlQJHQ LQ VHLQHP HLJQHQ ,QQHUHQ
0DQFKPDOHUJUHLIWLKQHLQHZDKUH0DQLHGLHNOHLQVWHQXQGWLHIVWHQ
GLHVHU 9RUJlQJH DQV /LFKW ]X ]LHKHQ XQG DXV]XVSUHFKHQ«
9RUJlQJH XP GLH HLQ YHUVWlQGLJHU 0HQVFK VLFK JDU QLFKW
EHNPPHUWYRQGHQHQHUJDUQLFKWVZLVVHQZLOOXQG]ZDUDXVGHP
HLQIDFKHQ *UXQGH ZHLO HU VLFK JHQLHUHQ ZUGH VLH PLW]XWHLOHQ (V
OLHJW VR YLHO 6FKDPORVLJNHLW LQ VROFKHU 0LWWHLOHUHL 7RQ\« 6LHKVW
GX DXFK HLQ DQGHUHU 0HQVFK DOV &KULVWLDQ PDJ VDJHQ GD‰ HU GDV
7KHDWHUOLHEWDEHUHUZLUGHVPLWHLQHPDQGHUHQ$N]HQWEHLOlXILJHU
NXU]EHVFKHLGHQHUVDJHQ&KULVWLDQDEHUVDJWHVPLWHLQHU%HWRQXQJ
GLH EHGHXWHW ,VW PHLQH 6FKZlUPHUHL IU GLH %KQH QLFKW HWZDV
XQJHKHXHU 0HUNZUGLJHV XQG ,QWHUHVVDQWHV" (U NlPSIW PLW GHQ
:RUWHQ GDEHL HU WXW DOV ULQJH HU GDQDFK HWZDV DXVEQGLJ )HLQHV
9HUERUJHQHVXQG6HOWVDPHV]XP$XVGUXFN]XEULQJHQ«
,FK ZLOO GLU HLQHVVDJHQ© IXKU HU QDFK HLQHU 3DXVH IRUW LQGHP HU
VHLQH =LJDUHWWH GXUFK GLH VFKPLHGHHLVHUQH *LWWHUWU LQ GHQ 2IHQ
ZDUI« ª,FK VHOEVW KDEH PDQFKPDO EHU GLHVH lQJVWOLFKH HLWOH XQG
QHXJLHULJH%HVFKlIWLJXQJPLWVLFKVHOEVWQDFKJHGDFKWGHQQLFKKDEH
IUKHU HEHQIDOOV GD]X JHQHLJW $EHU LFK KDEH JHPHUNW GD‰ VLH
]HUIDKUHQ XQWFKWLJ XQG KDOWORV PDFKW« XQG GLH +DOWXQJ GDV
*OHLFKJHZLFKW LVW IU PLFK PHLQHUVHLWV GLH +DXSWVDFKH (V ZLUG
LPPHU 0HQVFKHQ JHEHQ GLH ]X GLHVHP ,QWHUHVVH DQ VLFK VHOEVW
GLHVHP HLQJHKHQGHQ %HREDFKWHQ LKUHU (PSILQGXQJHQ EHUHFKWLJW
VLQG 'LFKWHU GLH LKU EHYRU]XJWHV ,QQHQOHEHQ PLW 6LFKHUKHLW XQG


6FK|QKHLW DXV]XVSUHFKHQ YHUP|JHQ XQG GDPLW GLH *HIKOVZHOW GHU
DQGHUHQ /HXWH EHUHLFKHUQ $EHU ZLU VLQG EOR‰ HLQIDFKH .DXIOHXWH
PHLQ .LQG XQVHUH 6HOEVWEHREDFKWXQJHQ VLQG YHU]ZHLIHOW
XQEHWUlFKWOLFK:LUN|QQHQ]XU1RWKHUYRUEULQJHQGD‰GDV6WLPPHQ
YRQ2UFKHVWHULQVWUXPHQWHQXQVHLQPHUNZUGLJHV9HUJQJHQPDFKW
XQG GD‰ ZLU PDQFKPDO QLFKW ZDJHQ VFKOXFNHQ ]X ZROOHQ« $FK
ZLUVROOHQXQVKLQVHW]HQ]XP7HXIHOXQGHWZDVOHLVWHQZLHXQVHUH
9RUIDKUHQHWZDVJHOHLVWHWKDEHQ«©
ª7RP GX VSULFKVW PHLQH $QVLFKW DXV :HQQ LFK EHGHQNH GD‰
GLHVH +DJHQVWU|PV VLFK LPPHU PHKU DXIQHKPHQ« 2 *RWW GDV
*HVFKPHL‰ZHL‰WGX«0XWWHUZLOOGDV:RUWQLFKWK|UHQDEHUHVLVW
GDVHLQ]LJULFKWLJH*ODXEHQVLHYLHOOHLFKWGD‰HVDX‰HULKQHQNHLQH
YRUQHKPHQ )DPLOLHQ PHKU JLEW LQ GHU 6WDGW" +D LFK PX‰ ODFKHQ
ZHL‰WGXLFKPX‰ODXWODFKHQ«©

'ULWWHV.DSLWHO

'HU&KHIGHU)LUPD-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNKDWWHVHLQHQ%UXGHUEHL
GHVVHQ $QNXQIW PLW HLQHP OlQJHUHQ SUIHQGHQ %OLFN JHPHVVHQ HU
KDWWH LKP ZlKUHQG GHU HUVWHQ 7DJH HLQH JDQ] XQDXIIlOOLJH XQG
EHLOlXILJH %HREDFKWXQJ ]XJHZDQGW XQG GDQQ RKQH GD‰ HLQ 8UWHLO
DXI VHLQHP UXKLJHQ XQG GLVNUHWHQ *HVLFKW ]X OHVHQ JHZHVHQ ZlUH
VFKLHQ VHLQH 1HXJLHU EHIULHGLJW VHLQH 0HLQXQJ DEJHVFKORVVHQ ]X
VHLQ(UVSUDFKPLWLKPLP)DPLOLHQNUHLVHPLWJOHLFKJOWLJHP7RQH
EHUJOHLFKJOWLJH'LQJHXQGDPVLHUWHVLFKZLHGLHEULJHQZHQQ
&KULVWLDQLUJHQGHLQH9RUVWHOOXQJJDE«
1DFK DFKW 7DJHQ HWZD VDJWH HU ]X LKP ª:LU ZHUGHQ DOVR
]XVDPPHQ DUEHLWHQ PHLQ -XQJH"« 6RYLHO LFK ZHL‰ ELVW GX PLW
0DPDV:XQVFKLP(LQYHUVWlQGQLVQLFKWZDKU"«1DZLHGXZHL‰W
LVW 0DUFXV PHLQ .RPSDJQRQ JHZRUGHQ JHJHQ GLH 4XRWH GLH
VHLQHP HLQJH]DKOWHQ 9HUP|JHQ HQWVSULFKW ,FK GHQNH PLU GD‰ GX
lX‰HUOLFK DOV PHLQ %UXGHU XQJHIlKU VHLQHQ IUKHUHQ 3ODW]
HLQQHKPHQ ZLUVW HLQH 3URNXULVWHQVWHOOXQJ« ZHQLJVWHQV
UHSUlVHQWDWLY« :DV GHLQH %HVFKlIWLJXQJ EHWULIIW VR ZHL‰ LFK MD


QLFKW ZLH ZHLW GHLQH NDXIPlQQLVFKHQ .HQQWQLVVH YRUJHVFKULWWHQ
VLQG ,FK GHQNH PLU GD‰ GX ELVODQJ HLQ EL‰FKHQ JHEXPPHOW KDVW
ZLH"« -HGHQIDOOV ZLUG GLU LQ GHU +DXSWVDFKH GLH HQJOLVFKH
.RUUHVSRQGHQ]DP PHLVWHQ]XVDJHQ«'DQQDEHUPX‰LFKGLFK XP
HLQHVELWWHQPHLQ/LHEHU,QGHLQHU(LJHQVFKDIWDOV%UXGHUGHV&KHIV
QLPPVWGXQDWUOLFKWDWVlFKOLFKXQWHUGHQEULJHQ$QJHVWHOOWHQHLQH
EHYRU]XJWH6WHOOXQJHLQ«DEHULFKEUDXFKHGLUQLFKW]XVDJHQQLFKW
ZDKU GD‰ GX LKQHQ YLHO PHKU GXUFK *OHLFKVWHOOXQJ XQG HQHUJLVFKH
3IOLFKWHUIOOXQJLPSRQLHUVWDOVLQGHPGXYRQ9RUUHFKWHQ*HEUDXFK
PDFKVW XQG GLU )UHLKHLWHQ QLPPVW $OVR GLH .RQWRUVWXQGHQ
LQQHKDOWHQXQGLPPHUGLH'HKRUVZDKUHQZLH"«©
8QG GDQQ PDFKWH HU LKP HLQHQ 9RUVFKODJ LQ EHWUHII GHU 3URNXUD
GHQ &KULVWLDQ RKQH %HVLQQHQ XQG +DQGHOQ DN]HSWLHUWH PLW HLQHP
YHUOHJHQHQ XQG ]HUVWUHXWHQ *HVLFKW GDV YRQ VHKU ZHQLJ +DEVXFKW
XQGHLQHPHLIULJHQ%HVWUHEHQ]HXJWHGLH6DFKHUDVFK]XHUOHGLJHQ
$PIROJHQGHQ7DJHIKUWH7KRPDVLKQLQGLH&RPSWRLUVHLQXQG
&KULVWLDQV7lWLJNHLWLP'LHQVWHGHU)LUPDEHJDQQ«
'LH *HVFKlIWH KDWWHQ QDFK GHP 7RGH GHV .RQVXOV LKUHQ
XQXQWHUEURFKHQHQ XQG VROLGHQ *DQJ JHQRPPHQ $EHU EDOG ZXUGH
EHPHUNEDU GD‰ VHLW GHP 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN GLH =JHO LQ
+lQGHQ KLHOW HLQ JHQLDOHUHU HLQ IULVFKHUHU XQG XQWHUQHKPHQGHUHU
*HLVW GHQ %HWULHE EHKHUUVFKWH +LH XQG GD ZDUG HWZDV JHZDJW KLH
XQGGDZDUGGHU.UHGLWGHV+DXVHVGHUXQWHUGHPIUKHUHQ5HJLPH
HLJHQWOLFK EOR‰ HLQ %HJULII HLQH 7KHRULH HLQ /X[XV JHZHVHQ ZDU
PLW 6HOEVWEHZX‰WVHLQ DQJHVSDQQW XQG DXVJHQW]W« 'LH +HUUHQ DQ
GHU %|UVH QLFNWHQ HLQDQGHU ]X ª%XGGHQEURRN ZLOO PLW DYHF *HOG
YHUGLHQHQ© VDJWHQ VLH $EHU VLH IDQGHQ HV GRFK JDQ] JXW GD‰
7KRPDVGHQHKUHQIHVWHQ+HUUQ)ULHGULFK:LOKHOP0DUFXVZLH HLQH
%OHLNXJHODP)X‰HKLQWHUVLFKGUHLQ]X]LHKHQKDWWH+HUUQ0DUFXV¶
(LQIOX‰ELOGHWHGDVUHWDUGLHUHQGH0RPHQWLP*DQJGHU*HVFKlIWH(U
VWULFKPLW]ZHL)LQJHUQVRUJVDPEHUVHLQHQ6FKQXUUEDUWUFNWHPLW
SHLQOLFKHU 2UGQXQJVOLHEH VHLQH 6FKUHLEXWHQVLOLHQ XQG GDV *ODV
:DVVHU]XUHFKWGDVVWHWVDXIVHLQHP3XOWHVWDQGSUIWHHLQH6DFKH
PLW DEZHVHQGHP *HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN YRQ PHKUHUHQ 6HLWHQ XQG KDWWH
EULJHQV GLH *HZRKQKHLW IQI RGHU VHFKVPDO ZlKUHQG GHU
.RQWRU]HLWKLQDXVDXIGHQ+RIXQGLQGLH:DVFKNFKH]XJHKHQXP
VHLQHQ JDQ]HQ .RSI XQWHU GHQ 6WUDKO GHU :DVVHUOHLWXQJ ]X KDOWHQ


XQG VLFK VR ]X HUIULVFKHQ ª'LH EHLGHQ HUJlQ]HQ VLFK© VDJWHQ GLH
&KHIVGHUJU|‰HUHQ+lXVHU]XHLQDQGHU.RQVXO+XQHXVYLHOOHLFKW]X
.RQVXO.LVWHQPDNHUXQGXQWHU6FKLIIVOHXWHQXQG6SHLFKHUDUEHLWHUQ
ZLH LQ GHQ NOHLQHQ %UJHUVIDPLOLHQ ZLHGHUKROWH PDQ VLFK GLHVHV
8UWHLO GHQQ GLH 6WDGW QDKP $QWHLO GDUDQ ZLH GHU MXQJH
%XGGHQEURRNªGH6DDNZROOEHILQJHUQ©ZHUGH«$XFK+HUU6WXKWLQ
GHU*ORFNHQJLH‰HUVWUD‰HVDJWH ]X VHLQHU )UDX ZHOFKH LQGHQHUVWHQ
.UHLVHQ YHUNHKUWH ª'LH EHLGHQ HUJlQ]HQ VLFK JDQ] JDXW ZLOO µN GL
PDQYHUWHLOHQ©
'LH ¾3HUV|QOLFKNHLW½ LP *HVFKlIWH DEHU GDUEHU EHVWDQG NHLQ
=ZHLIHO ZDU GHQQRFK GHU MQJHUH GHU EHLGHQ .RPSDJQRQV 'DV
]HLJWHVLFKVFKRQGDULQGD‰HUHVZDUGHUPLWGHQ%HGLHQVWHWHQGHV
+DXVHV PLW GHQ .DSLWlQHQ GHQ *HVFKlIWVIKUHUQ LQ GHQ
6SHLFKHUFRPSWRLUV GHQ )XKUOHXWHQ XQG GHQ /DJHUDUEHLWHUQ ]X
YHUNHKUHQZX‰WH(UYHUVWDQGHVPLW8QJH]ZXQJHQKHLWLKUH6SUDFKH
]X UHGHQ XQG VLFK GHQQRFK LQ XQQDKEDUHU (QWIHUQXQJ ]X KDOWHQ«
:HQQDEHU+HUU0DUFXV]XHLQHPELHGHUHQ$UEHLWVPDQQª9HUVWDKQ
6LH PLFK"© VDJWH VR NODQJ GLHV VR Y|OOLJ XQP|JOLFK GD‰ VHLQ
6R]LXV LKP JHJHQEHU DP 3XOWH HLQIDFK DQILQJ ]X ODFKHQ DXI
ZHOFKHV=HLFKHQGDVJDQ]H.RQWRUVLFKGHU+HLWHUNHLWEHUOLH‰
7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNJDQ]YROOYRQGHP:XQVFKHGHU)LUPDGHQ
*ODQ]]XZDKUHQXQG]XPHKUHQGHULKUHPDOWHQ1DPHQHQWVSUDFK
OLHEWHHVEHUKDXSWLPWlJOLFKHQ.DPSIXPGHQ(UIROJVHLQH3HUVRQ
HLQ]XVHW]HQ GHQQ HU ZX‰WH ZRKO GD‰ HU VHLQHP VLFKHUHQ XQG
HOHJDQWHQ$XIWUHWHQVHLQHUJHZLQQHQGHQ/LHEHQVZUGLJNHLWVHLQHP
JHZDQGWHQ7DNWLP*HVSUlFKHPDQFKJXWHV*HVFKlIWYHUGDQNWH
ª(LQ*HVFKlIWVPDQQGDUINHLQ%URNUDWVHLQ©VDJWHHU]X6WHSKDQ
.LVWHQPDNHU  YRQ ¾.LVWHQPDNHU  6|KQH½  VHLQHP HKHPDOLJHQ
6FKXONDPHUDGHQ GHVVHQ JHLVWLJ EHUOHJHQHU )UHXQG HU JHEOLHEHQ
ZDU XQG GHU DXI MHGHV VHLQHU :RUWH KRUFKWH XP HV GDQQ DOV VHLQH
HLJHQH 0HLQXQJ ZHLWHU]XJHEHQ« ª(V JHK|UW 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW GD]X
GDV LVW PHLQ *HVFKPDFN ,FK JODXEH QLFKW GD‰ HLQ JUR‰HU (UIROJ
YRP .RQWRUERFN DXV ]X HUNlPSIHQ LVW« ZHQLJVWHQV ZUGH HU PLU
QLFKW YLHO )UHXGH PDFKHQ 'HU (UIROJ ZLOO QLFKW EOR‰ DP 3XOWH
EHUHFKQHWVHLQ«,FKKDEHVWHWVGDV%HGUIQLVGHQ*DQJGHU'LQJH
JDQ] JHJHQZlUWLJ PLW %OLFN 0XQG XQG *HVWH ]X GLULJLHUHQ« LKQ
PLW GHP XQPLWWHOEDUHQ (LQIOX‰ PHLQHV :LOOHQV PHLQHV 7DOHQWHV


PHLQHV*OFNHVZLHGXHVQHQQHQZLOOVW]XEHKHUUVFKHQ$EHUGDV
NRPPWOHLGHUDOOPlKOLFKDXVGHU0RGHGLHVSHUV|QOLFKH(LQJUHLIHQ
GHV.DXIPDQQHV   'LH =HLW VFKUHLWHW IRUW DEHU VLH Ol‰W ZLH PLFK
GQNWGDV%HVWH]XUFN«'HU9HUNHKUHUOHLFKWHUWVLFKLPPHUPHKU
GLH.XUVHVLQGLPPHUVFKQHOOHUEHNDQQW«'DV5LVLNRYHUULQJHUWVLFK
XQGPLWLKPDXFKGHU3URILW«-DGLHDOWHQ/HXWHKDWWHQHVDQGHUV
0HLQ *UR‰YDWHU ]XP %HLVSLHO« HU NXWVFKLHUWH YLHUVSlQQLJ QDFK
6GGHXWVFKODQG GHU DOWH +HUU PLW VHLQHP 3XGHUNRSI XQG VHLQHQ
(VNDUSLQV DOV SUHX‰LVFKHU +HHUHVOLHIHUDQW 8QG GDQQ FKDUPLHUWH HU
XPKHU XQG OLH‰ VHLQH.QVWH VSLHOHQ XQG PDFKWH HLQ XQJODXEOLFKHV
*HOG .LVWHQPDNHU  $FK LFK IXUFKWH EHLQDKH GD‰ GHU .DXIPDQQ
HLQHLPPHUEDQDOHUH([LVWHQ]ZLUGPLWGHU=HLW«©
6R NODJWH HU PDQFKPDO XQG GDUXP ZDUHQ HV LP *UXQGH VHLQH
OLHEVWHQ *HVFKlIWH ZHQQ HU JDQ] JHOHJHQWOLFK DXI HLQHP
)DPLOLHQVSD]LHUJDQJH YLHOOHLFKW LQ HLQH 0KOH HLQWUDW PLW GHP
%HVLW]HUGHUVLFKJHHKUWIKOWHSODXGHUWHXQGOHLFKWKLQHQSDVVDQW
LQ JXWHU /DXQH HLQHQ JXWHQ .RQWUDNW PLW LKP DEVFKOR‰«
'HUJOHLFKHQODJVHLQHP6R]LXVIHUQ
:DV &KULVWLDQ EHWUDI VR VFKLHQ HU VLFK ]XQlFKVW PLW ZLUNOLFKHP
(LIHUXQG9HUJQJHQVHLQHU7lWLJNHLW]XZLGPHQMDHUVFKLHQVLFK
DXVQHKPHQG ZRKO XQG ]XIULHGHQ GDULQ ]X EHILQGHQ XQG KDWWH
ZlKUHQGPHKUHUHU7DJHHLQH$UWPLW$SSHWLW]XHVVHQVHLQHNXU]H
3IHLIH ]X UDXFKHQ XQG VHLQH 6FKXOWHUQ LQ GHP HQJOLVFKHQ -DFNHWW
]XUHFKW]XVFKLHEHQ GLH VHLQHU EHKDJOLFKHQ *HQXJWXXQJ $XVGUXFN
JDE(UJLQJPRUJHQVXQJHIlKUJOHLFK]HLWLJPLW7KRPDVLQV.RQWRU
KLQXQWHUXQGQDKPQHEHQ+HUUQ0DUFXV XQG VHLQHP %UXGHU VFKUlJ
JHJHQEHU LQ VHLQHP YHUVWHOOEDUHQ $UPVHVVHO 3ODW] GHQQ HU KDWWH
ZLH GLH EHLGHQ &KHIV HLQHQ $UPVHVVHO =XQlFKVW ODV HU GLH
¾$Q]HLJHQ½ ZREHL HU LQ *HPWOLFKNHLW VHLQH 0RUJHQ]LJDUHWWH ]X
(QGHUDXFKWH'DQQKROWHHUVLFKDXVGHPXQWHUHQ3XOWVFKUDQNHHLQHQ
DOWHQ.RJQDNVWUHFNWHGLH$UPHDXVXPVLFK%HZHJXQJVIUHLKHLW]X
YHUVFKDIIHQVDJWHª1D©XQGJLQJZlKUHQGHUGLH=XQJH]ZLVFKHQ
GHQ=lKQHQXPKHUZDQGHUQOLH‰JXWHQ0XWHV]XU$UEHLWEHU6HLQH
HQJOLVFKHQ %ULHIH ZDUHQ JDQ] DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK JHZDQGW XQG
ZLUNVDPGHQQZLHHUGDV(QJOLVFKHVSUDFKVFKOHFKWKLQXQJHZlKOW
JOHLFKJOWLJXQGPKHORVGDKLQSOlWVFKHUQGVRVFKULHEHUHVDXFK


6HLQHU $UW JHPl‰ YHUOLHK HU LP )DPLOLHQNUHLVH GHU 6WLPPXQJ
:RUWHGLHLKQHUIOOWHª'HU.DXIPDQQVVWDQGLVWGRFKHLQVFK|QHU
ZLUNOLFK EHJOFNHQGHU %HUXI© VDJWH HU ª6ROLGH JHQJVDP HPVLJ
EHKDJOLFK« LFK ELQ ZDKUKDIWLJ JDQ] GDIU JHERUHQ 8QG VR DOV
$QJHK|ULJHU GHV +DXVHV ZL‰W LKU« NXU] LFK IKOH PLFK VR ZRKO
ZLH QLH 0DQ NRPPW PRUJHQV IULVFK LQV .RQWRU PDQ VLHKW GLH
=HLWXQJGXUFKUDXFKWGHQNWDQGLHVXQGMHQHVXQGZLHJXWPDQHV
KDW QLPPW VHLQHQ .RJQDN XQG DUEHLWHW PDO HEHQ HLQ EL‰FKHQ (V
NRPPWGLH0LWWDJV]HLWPDQL‰WPLWVHLQHU)DPLOLHUXKWVLFKDXVXQG
GDQQ JHKW¶V ZLHGHU DQ GLH $UEHLW« 0DQ VFKUHLEW PDQ KDW JXWHV
JODWWHV UHLQOLFKHV )LUPHQSDSLHU HLQH JXWH )HGHU« /LQHDO
3DSLHUPHVVHU6WHPSHODOOHVLVWSULPD6RUWHRUGHQWOLFK«XQGGDPLW
HUOHGLJW PDQ DOOHV HPVLJ QDFK GHU 5HLKH HLQV QDFK GHP DQGHUHQ
ELV PDQ VFKOLH‰OLFK ]XVDPPHQSDFNW 0RUJHQ LVW ZLHGHU HLQ 7DJ
8QG ZHQQ PDQ ]XP $EHQGEURW KLQDXIJHKW IKOW PDQ VLFK VR
GXUFKGULQJHQG ]XIULHGHQ« MHGHV *OLHG IKOW VLFK ]XIULHGHQ« GLH
+lQGHIKOHQVLFK]XIULHGHQ«©
ª*RWW &KULVWLDQ© ULHI 7RQ\ ª'X PDFKVW GLFK MD OlFKHUOLFK 'LH
+lQGHIKOHQVLFK]XIULHGHQ«©
ª'RFK -D 'DV NHQQVW GX DOVR QLFKW" ,FK PHLQH«© 8QG HU
HUHLIHUWH VLFK LQ GHP %HVWUHEHQ GLHV DXV]XGUFNHQ GLHV ]X
HUNOlUHQ« ª0DQ VFKOLH‰W GLH )DXVW ZHL‰W GX« VLH LVW QLFKW
EHVRQGHUV NUlIWLJ GHQQ PDQ LVW PGH YRQ GHU $UEHLW $EHU VLH LVW
QLFKWIHXFKW«VLHlUJHUWHLQHQQLFKW«6LHIKOWVLFKVHOEVWJXWXQG
EHKDJOLFK DQ« (V LVW HLQ *HIKO YRQ 6HOEVWJHQJVDPNHLW« 0DQ
NDQQJDQ]VWLOOVLW]HQRKQHVLFK]XODQJZHLOHQ«©
$OOHVFKZLHJHQ'DQQVDJWH7KRPDVJDQ]JOHLFKJOWLJXPVHLQHQ
:LGHUZLOOHQ ]X YHUEHUJHQ ª0LU VFKHLQW GD‰ PDQ QLFKW DUEHLWHW
GDPLW«© $EHU HU EUDFK DE HU ZLHGHUKROWH QLFKWV ª,FK ZHQLJVWHQV
KDEHDQGHUH=LHOHGDEHLYRU$XJHQ©IJWHHUKLQ]X
&KULVWLDQMHGRFKGHVVHQ$XJHQZDQGHUWHQEHUK|UWHGLHVGHQQHU
EHIDQGVLFKLQ*HGDQNHQXQGDOVEDOGEHJDQQHUHLQH*HVFKLFKWHDXV
9DOSDUDLVR ]X HU]lKOHQHLQH 0RUG XQG 7RWVFKODJDIIlUH EHL GHU HU
SHUV|QOLFK ]XJHJHQ JHZHVHQ ZDU« ª$EHU GD UHL‰W GHU .HUO GDV
0HVVHUKHUDXV©


$XVLUJHQGZHOFKHQ*UQGHQZXUGHQVROFKH(U]lKOXQJHQDQGHQHQ
&KULVWLDQ UHLFK ZDU XQG EHU GLH 0DGDPH *UQOLFK VLFK N|VWOLFK
DPVLHUWH ZlKUHQG GLH .RQVXOLQ &ODUD XQG .ORWKLOGH VLFK
HQWVHW]WHQXQG0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQQHEVW(ULNDPLWRIIHQHP 0XQGH
]XK|UWHQ YRQ 7KRPDV VWHWV RKQH %HLIDOO DXIJHQRPPHQ (U SIOHJWH
VLHPLWNKOHQXQGVS|WWLVFKHQ%HPHUNXQJHQ ]X EHJOHLWHQ XQG VLFK
GHQ GHXWOLFKHQ $QVFKHLQ ]X JHEHQ DOV JODXEH HU GD‰ &KULVWLDQ
EHUWUHLEHXQGEODJLHUH«ZDVVLFKHUOLFKQLFKWGHU)DOOZDUDEHUHU
HU]lKOWHPLW9HUYHXQG)DUEH(UIXKU7KRPDVHVQLFKWJHUQGD‰VHLQ
MQJHUHU%UXGHUZHLWHUKHUXPJHNRPPHQVHLXQGPHKUJHVHKHQKDEH
DOV HU" 2GHU HPSIDQG HU PLW :LGHUZLOOHQ HLQ /RE GHU 8QRUGQXQJ
XQG GHU H[RWLVFKHQ *HZDOWWlWLJNHLW LQ GLHVHQ 0HVVHU XQG
5HYROYHUJHVFKLFKWHQ"« )HVW VWHKW GD‰ &KULVWLDQ VLFK GXUFKDXV
QLFKW XP GLH $EOHKQXQJ VHLQHU (U]lKOXQJHQ YRQ 6HLWHQ VHLQHV
%UXGHUV EHNPPHUWH HU VHOEVW ZDU DOO]XVHKU LQ $QVSUXFK
JHQRPPHQ YRQ VHLQHQ 6FKLOGHUXQJHQ DOV GD‰ HU DXI (UIROJ RGHU
0L‰HUIROJEHLDQGHUHQJHDFKWHWKlWWHXQGZHQQHUJHHQGHWKDWWHVR
EOLFNWHHUVLFKQDFKGHQNOLFKXQGDEZHVHQGLP=LPPHUXP
:HQQ EHUKDXSW GDV 9HUKlOWQLV GHU EHLGHQ %XGGHQEURRNV
]XHLQDQGHU PLW GHU =HLW VLFK QLFKW ]XP *XWHQ JHVWDOWHWH VR ZDU
&KULVWLDQ GDEHL QLFKW GHUMHQLJH GHU HV VLFK EHLIDOOHQ OLH‰
LUJHQGZHOFKH *HKlVVLJNHLW JHJHQ VHLQHQ %UXGHU ]X ]HLJHQ RGHU ]X
KHJHQ VLFK LUJHQGHLQH 0HLQXQJ HLQ 8UWHLO HLQH $EVFKlW]XQJ
GHVVHOEHQ DQ]XPD‰HQ (U OLH‰ PLW VWLOOVFKZHLJHQGHU
6HOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKNHLW NHLQHQ =ZHLIHO GDUEHU GD‰ HU GLH
hEHUOHJHQKHLW GHQ JU|‰HUHQ (UQVW GLH JU|‰HUH )lKLJNHLW
7FKWLJNHLWXQG5HVSHNWDELOLWlWGHVbOWHUHQDQHUNDQQWH$EHUJHUDGH
GLHVHXQEHJUHQ]WHJOHLFKJOWLJHXQGNDPSIORVH8QWHURUGQXQJUHL]WH
7KRPDVGHQQ&KULVWLDQJLQJEHLMHGHU*HOHJHQKHLWOHLFKWHQ+HU]HQV
VRZHLWGDULQGD‰HVGHQ$QVFKHLQJHZDQQDOVOHJHHUEHUKDXSWJDU
NHLQHQ :HUW DXI hEHUOHJHQKHLW 7FKWLJNHLW 5HVSHNWDELOLWlW XQG
(UQVW
(UVFKLHQHVGXUFKDXVQLFKW]XEHPHUNHQGD‰GHU)LUPHQFKHILKP
PHKUXQGPHKUPLWVWLOOHP8QZLOOHQHQWJHJHQNDP«ZR]XGHUVHOEH
*UQGH KDWWH GHQQ OHLGHU EHJDQQ &KULVWLDQV JHVFKlIWOLFKHU (LIHU
EHUHLWVQDFKGHUHUVWHQ:RFKHPHKUQRFKMHGRFKQDFKGHU]ZHLWHQ
VLFKHUKHEOLFK]XYHUULQJHUQ'LHVlX‰HUWHVLFK]XHUVWGDULQGD‰GLH


9RUEHUHLWXQJHQ ]XU $UEHLW GLH DQIDQJV ZLH HLQH NQVWOLFK XQG
UDIILQLHUWYHUOlQJHUWH9RUIUHXGHDXVJHVHKHQKDWWHQGDV=HLWXQJOHVHQ
)UKVWFNV]LJDUHWWHQUDXFKHQXQG.RJQDNWULQNHQLPPHUPHKU=HLWLQ
$QVSUXFK QDKPHQ XQG VLFK VFKOLH‰OLFK EHU GHQ JDQ]HQ 9RUPLWWDJ
HUVWUHFNWHQ'DQQDEHUPDFKWHHVVLFKJDQ]YRQVHOEVWGD‰&KULVWLDQ
VLFK EHU GHQ =ZDQJ GHU .RQWRUVWXQGHQ KLQZHJ]XVHW]HQ EHJDQQ
GD‰ HU GHV 0RUJHQV LPPHU VSlWHU PLW VHLQHU )UKVWFNV]LJDUHWWH
HUVFKLHQ XP 9RUEHUHLWXQJHQ ]XU $UEHLW ]X WUHIIHQ GD‰ HU PLWWDJV
]XP (VVHQ LQ GHQ .OXE JLQJ XQG ]X VSlW ]XZHLOHQ HUVW DEHQGV
]XZHLOHQDXFKJDUQLFKW]XUFNNHKUWH«
'LHVHU .OXE GHP YRUZLHJHQG XQYHUKHLUDWHWH .DXIOHXWH
DQJHK|UWHQ EHVD‰ LP HUVWHQ 6WRFN HLQHV :HLQUHVWDXUDQWV HLQ SDDU
NRPIRUWDEOH/RNDOLWlWHQZRVHOEVW PDQ VHLQH 0DKO]HLWHQ QDKP XQG
VLFK ]X ]ZDQJORVHQ XQG RIW QLFKW JDQ] KDUPORVHQ 8QWHUKDOWXQJHQ
]XVDPPHQIDQG GHQQ HV JDE HLQH 5RXOHWWH $XFK HLQLJH HLQ ZHQLJ
IODWWHUKDIWH )DPLOLHQYlWHU ZLH .RQVXO .U|JHU XQG
VHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKHUZHLVH 3HWHU '|KOPDQQ ZDUHQ 0LWJOLHGHU XQG
GHU3ROL]HLVHQDWRU&UHQLHUZDUKLHUªGHUHUVWH0DQQDQGHU6SULW]H©
6R GUFNWH 'RNWRU *LHVHNH $QGUHDV *LHVHNH 6RKQ GHV
%UDQGGLUHNWRUV VLFK DXV &KULVWLDQV DOWHU 6FKXONDPHUDG GHU LQ GHU
6WDGW VLFK DOV 5HFKWVDQZDOW QLHGHUJHODVVHQ KDWWH XQG GHP VLFK
WURW]GHP HU IU HLQHQ ]LHPOLFK ZVWHQ 6XLWLHU JDOW GHU MXQJH
%XGGHQEURRNDOVEDOGLQHUQHXHUWHU)UHXQGVFKDIWDQVFKOR‰
&KULVWLDQRGHUZLHHUVFKOHFKWXQGUHFKWPHLVWHQVJHQDQQWZXUGH
.ULVFKDQGHUDXVIUKHUHU=HLWPLWDOOHQPHKURGHUZHQLJHUEHNDQQW
RGHU EHIUHXQGHW ZDU  GHQQ GLH PHLVWHQ ZDUHQ 6FKOHU GHV VHOLJHQ
0DUFHOOXV6WHQJHOZDUGKLHUPLWRIIHQHQ$UPHQHPSIDQJHQGHQQ
ZHQQDXFKZHGHU.DXIOHXWHQRFK*HOHKUWHVHLQH*HLVWHVIlKLJNHLWHQ
IU JUR‰ KLHOWHQ VR NDQQWH PDQ GRFK VHLQH DPVDQWH
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH %HJDEXQJ ,Q GHU 7DW JDE HU KLHU VHLQH EHVWHQ
9RUVWHOOXQJHQHU]lKOWHHUKLHUVHLQHEHVWHQ*HVFKLFKWHQ(UPDFKWH
DP .OXENODYLHU HLQHQ 9LUWXRVHQ HU DKPWH HQJOLVFKH XQG
WUDQVDWODQWLVFKH 6FKDXVSLHOHU XQG 2SHUQVlQJHU QDFK HU JDE LQ GHU
KDUPORVHVWHQ XQG XQWHUKDOWHQGVWHQ $UW :HLEHUDIIlUHQ DXV
YHUVFKLHGHQHQ*HJHQGHQ]XPEHVWHQGHQQNHLQ=ZHLIHO&KULVWLDQ
%XGGHQEURRNZDUHLQ¾6XLWLHU½HUEHULFKWHWH$EHQWHXHUGLHHUDXI
6FKLIIHQDXI(LVHQEDKQHQLQ6W3DXOLLQ:KLWHFKDSHOLP8UZDOG


HUOHEW KDWWH« (U HU]lKOWH EH]ZLQJHQG KLQUHL‰HQG LQ PKHORVHP
)OX‰ PLW OHLFKW NODJHQGHU XQG VFKOHSSHQGHU $XVVSUDFKH EXUOHVN
XQGKDUPORVZLHHLQHQJOLVFKHU+XPRULVW(UHU]lKOWHGLH*HVFKLFKWH
HLQHV +XQGHV GHU LQ HLQHU 6FKDFKWHO YRQ 9DOSDUDLVR QDFK 6DQ
)UDQ]LVNR JHVFKLFNW ZRUGHQ XQG REHQGUHLQ UlXGLJ ZDU *RWW ZHL‰
ZRULQ HLJHQWOLFK GLH 3RLQWH GHU $QHNGRWH EHVWDQG DEHU LQ VHLQHP
0XQGHZDUVLHYRQXQJHKHXUHU.RPLN8QGZHQQGDQQULQJVXPKHU
VLFKQLHPDQGYRU/DFKHQ]XODVVHQZX‰WHVRVD‰HUVHOEVWPLWVHLQHU
JUR‰HQ JHERJHQHQ 1DVH VHLQHP GQQHQ ]X ODQJHQ +DOVH XQG
VHLQHP U|WOLFKEORQGHQ VFKRQ VSlUOLFKHQ +DDU XQG OLH‰ HLQHQ
XQUXKLJHQ XQG XQHUNOlUOLFKHQ (UQVW DXI GHP *HVLFKWH HLQV VHLQHU
PDJHUHQ QDFK DX‰HQ JHNUPPWHQ %HLQH EHU GDV DQGHUH
JHVFKODJHQVHLQHNOHLQHQUXQGHQWLHIOLHJHQGHQ$XJHQQDFKGHQNOLFK
XPKHUVFKZHLIHQ« %HLQDKH VFKLHQ HV DOV ODFKH PDQ DXI VHLQH
.RVWHQDOVODFKHPDQEHULKQ«$EHUGDUDQGDFKWHHUQLFKW
=X+DXVHHU]lKOWHHUPLWEHVRQGHUHU9RUOLHEHYRQVHLQHP.RQWRU
LQ9DOSDUDLVR YRQ GHU XQPl‰LJHQ 7HPSHUDWXU GLH GRUW JHKHUUVFKW
XQG YRQ HLQHP MXQJHQ /RQGRQHU QDPHQV -RKQQ\ 7KXQGHUVWRUP
HLQHP %XPPHODQWHQ HLQHP XQJODXEOLFKHQ .HUO GHQ HU ª*RWW
YHUGDPP¶ PLFK QLHPDOV KDWWH DUEHLWHQ VHKHQ© XQG GHU GRFK HLQ
VHKUJHZDQGWHU.DXIPDQQJHZHVHQVHL«ª'XOLHEHU*RWW©VDJWHHU
ª%HLGHU+LW]H1DGHU&KHINRPPWLQV.RQWRU«ZLUOLHJHQ DFKW
0DQQ ZLH GLH )OLHJHQ XPKHU XQG UDXFKHQ =LJDUHWWHQ XP
ZHQLJVWHQV GLH 0RVNLWRV ZHJ]XMDJHQ 'X OLHEHU *RWW ¾1XQ"½ VDJW
GHU &KHI ¾6LH DUEHLWHQ QLFKW PHLQH +HUUHQ"½« ¾1R 6LU½ VDJW
-RKQQ\ 7KXQGHUVWRUP ¾:LH 6LH VHKHQ 6LU½ 8QG GDEHL EODVHQ ZLU
LKPDOOHXQVHUHQ=LJDUHWWHQUDXFKLQV*HVLFKW'XOLHEHU*RWW©
ª:DUXPVDJVWGXHLJHQWOLFKIRUWZlKUHQG¾'XOLHEHU*RWW½"©IUDJWH
7KRPDVJHUHL]W$EHUGDVZDUHVQLFKWZDVLKQlUJHUWH6RQGHUQHU
IKOWHGD‰&KULVWLDQGLHVH*HVFKLFKWHQXUGHVKDOEPLWVRYLHO)UHXGH
HU]lKOWH ZHLO VLH LKP HLQH *HOHJHQKHLW ERW PLW 6SRWW XQG
9HUDFKWXQJYRQGHU$UEHLW]XVSUHFKHQ
'DQQJLQJLKUH0XWWHUGLVNUHW]XHWZDVDQGHUHPEHU
(V JLEW YLHOH Kl‰OLFKH 'LQJH DXI (UGHQ GDFKWH GLH .RQVXOLQ
%XGGHQEURRN JHERUHQH .U|JHU $XFK %UGHU N|QQHQ VLFK KDVVHQ
RGHUYHUDFKWHQGDVNRPPWYRUVRVFKDXHUOLFKHVNOLQJW$EHUPDQ


VSULFKWQLFKWGDYRQ0DQYHUWXVFKWHV0DQEUDXFKWQLFKWVGDYRQ]X
ZLVVHQ

9LHUWHV.DSLWHO

,P 0DL JHVFKDK HV GD‰ 2QNHO *RWWKROG .RQVXO *RWWKROG


%XGGHQEURRN QXQ VHFK]LJMlKULJ LQ HLQHU WUDXULJHQ 1DFKW YRQ
+HU]NUlPSIHQ EHIDOOHQ ZDUG XQG LQ GHQ $UPHQ VHLQHU *DWWLQ GHU
JHERUHQHQ6WZLQJHLQHVVFKZHUHQ7RGHVVWDUE
'HU 6RKQ GHU DUPHQ 0DGDPH -RVHSKLQH GHU JHJHQEHU VHLQHU
QDFKJHERUHQHQ XQG PlFKWLJHUHQ *HVFKZLVWHUVFKDIW YRQ VHLWHQ
0DGDPH$QWRLQHWWHQVLP/HEHQ]XNXU]JHNRPPHQZDUKDWWHVLFK
OlQJVW PLW VHLQHP *HVFKLFNH EHVFKLHGHQXQGLQ GHQ OHW]WHQ -DKUHQ
EHVRQGHUV QDFKGHP LKP VHLQ 1HIIH GDV 1LHGHUOlQGLVFKH .RQVXODW
EHUODVVHQJDQ]RKQH5DQNQHDXVVHLQHU%OHFKGRVH%UXVWERQERQV
JHJHVVHQ :HU GHQ DOWHQ )DPLOLHQ]ZLVW LQ )RUP HLQHU DOOJHPHLQHQ
XQG XQEHVWLPPWHQ $QLPRVLWlW KHJWH XQG EHZDKUWH GDV ZDUHQ
YLHOPHKUVHLQH'DPHQVHLQHJXWPWLJHXQGEHVFKUlQNWH*DWWLQQLFKW
VRZRKO ZLH GLH GUHL lOWOLFKHQ 0lGFKHQ GLH ZHGHU GLH .RQVXOLQ
QRFK$QWRQLHQRFK7KRPDVRKQHHLQNOHLQHVJLIWLJHV)OlPPFKHQLQ
GHQ$XJHQDQ]XEOLFNHQYHUPRFKWHQ«
'RQQHUVWDJV DQ GHQ EHUOLHIHUXQJVJHPl‰HQ ¾.LQGHUWDJHQ½ XP
YLHU 8KU IDQG PDQ VLFK LQ GHP JUR‰HQ +DXVH LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H
]XVDPPHQ XP GRUW ]X 0LWWDJ ]X VSHLVHQ XQG GHQ $EHQG
]X]XEULQJHQ  PDQFKPDO HUVFKLHQHQ DXFK .RQVXO .U|JHUV RGHU
6HVHPL:HLFKEURGWPLWLKUHUXQJHOHKUWHQ6FKZHVWHUXQGKLHUZDU
HV ZR GLH 'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN DXV GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H PLW
XQJH]ZXQJHQHU 9RUOLHEH GLH 5HGH DXI 7RQ\¶V YHUIORVVHQH (KH
EUDFKWHQ XP 0DGDPH *UQOLFK ]X HLQLJHQ JUR‰HQ :RUWHQ ]X
YHUDQODVVHQXQGVLFKGDEHLNXU]HVSLW]LJH%OLFNH]X]XVHQGHQ«RGHU
ZR VLH DOOJHPHLQH %HWUDFKWXQJHQ GDUEHU DQVWHOOWHQ ZHOFKH
XQZUGLJH(LWHONHLWHVGRFKVHLVLFKGDV+DDU]XIlUEHQXQGDOO]X
DQWHLOQHKPHQGH(UNXQGLJXQJHQEHU-DNRE.U|JHU GHQ 1HIIHQ GHU
.RQVXOLQ HLQ]RJHQ 6LH JDEHQ GHU DUPHQ XQVFKXOGLJHQ XQG


JHGXOGLJHQ .ORWKLOGH GHU HLQ]LJHQ GLH VLFK LQ GHU 7DW DXFK LKQHQ
QRFK XQWHUOHJHQIKOHQ PX‰WH HLQHQ 6SRWW ]X NRVWHQGHU GXUFKDXV
QLFKW VR KDUPORV ZDU ZLH GHU GHQ GDV PLWWHOORVH XQG KXQJULJH
0lGFKHQDOOWlJOLFKYRQ7RPRGHU7RQ\PLWJHGHKQWHUXQGHUVWDXQWHU
)UHXQGOLFKNHLW HQWJHJHQQDKP 6LH PRNLHUWHQ VLFK EHU &ODUD¶V
6WUHQJHXQG%LJRWWHULHVLHIDQGHQVFKQHOOKHUDXVGD‰&KULVWLDQPLW
7KRPDVVLFKQLFKW]XPEHVWHQVWDQGXQGGD‰VLHLKQEHUKDXSW*RWW
VHL'DQNQLFKW]XDFKWHQEUDXFKWHQGHQQHUZDUHLQ+DQV4XDVWHLQ
OlFKHUOLFKHU 0HQVFK :DV 7KRPDV VHOEVW EHWUDI DQ GHP GXUFKDXV
NHLQH6FKZlFKHHUILQGOLFKZDUXQGGHULKQHQVHLQHUVHLWVPLW HLQHP
QDFKVLFKWLJHQ *OHLFKPXW HQWJHJHQNDP ZHOFKHU DQGHXWHWH ,FK
YHUVWHKH HXFK XQG LKU WXW PLU OHLG« VR EHKDQGHOWHQ VLH LKQ PLW
OHLFKW YHUJLIWHWHU +RFKDFKWXQJ 9RQ GHU NOHLQHQ (ULND DEHU URVLJ
XQGZRKOJHSIOHJWZLHVLHZDUPX‰WHGHQQGRFKJHVDJWZHUGHQGD‰
VLH LQ EHXQUXKLJHQGHU :HLVH LP :DFKVWXP ]XUFNJHEOLHEHQ VHL
:RUDXI 3ILIIL LQGHP VLH VLFK VFKWWHOWH XQG )HXFKWLJNHLW LQ GLH
0XQGZLQNHO EHNDP ]XP hEHUIOX‰ DXI GLH HUVFKUHFNHQGH
bKQOLFKNHLW GHV .LQGHV PLW GHP %HWUJHU *UQOLFK DXIPHUNVDP
PDFKWH«
1XQ XPVWDQGHQ VLH ZHLQHQG PLW LKUHU 0XWWHU GDV 6WHUEHEHWW GHV
9DWHUVXQGWURW]GHPHVLKQHQVFKLHQDOVREVHOEVWGLHVHU7RGQRFK
YRQ GHU 9HUZDQGWVFKDIW LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H YHUVFKXOGHW VHL ZDUG
GRFKHLQ%RWHGRUWKLQHQWVDQGW
0LWWHQLQGHU1DFKWKDOOWHGLH+DXVWUJORFNHEHUGLHJUR‰H'LHOH
XQGGD&KULVWLDQ VSlWQDFK +DXVH JHNRPPHQ ZDU XQG VLFK OHLGHQG
IKOWH PDFKWH 7KRPDV VLFK DOOHLQ DXI GHQ :HJ LQ GHQ
)UKOLQJVUHJHQKLQDXV
(U NDP QXU ]XU UHFKWHQ =HLW XP GLH OHW]WHQ NRQYXOVLYLVFKHQ
=XFNXQJHQ GHV DOWHQ +HUUQ ]X VHKHQ XQG GDQQ VWDQG HU ODQJH PLW
JHIDOWHWHQ +lQGHQ LP 6WHUEH]LPPHU XQG EOLFNWH DXI GLHVH NXU]H
*HVWDOWGLHVLFKXQWHUGHQ8PKOOXQJHQDE]HLFKQHWHLQGLHVHVWRWH
*HVLFKW PLW GHQ HWZDV ZHLFKOLFKHQ =JHQ XQG GHQ ZHL‰HQ
.RWHOHWWHQ«
¾'XKDVWHVQLFKWVHKUJXWJHKDEW2QNHO*RWWKROG½GDFKWHHU¾'X
KDVW HV ]X VSlW JHOHUQW =XJHVWlQGQLVVH ]X PDFKHQ 5FNVLFKW ]X
QHKPHQ«$EHUGDVLVWQ|WLJ«:HQQLFKZlUHZLHGXKlWWHLFKYRU
-DKU XQG 7DJ EHUHLWV HLQHQ /DGHQ JHKHLUDWHW« 'LH 'HKRUV


ZDKUHQ«:ROOWHVW GX HV EHUKDXSW DQGHUV DOV GX HV JHKDEW KDVW"
2EJOHLFKGXWURW]LJZDUVWXQGZRKOJODXEWHVWGLHVHU7URW]VHLHWZDV
,GHDOLVWLVFKHV EHVD‰ GHLQ *HLVW ZHQLJ 6FKZXQJNUDIW ZHQLJ
3KDQWDVLH ZHQLJ YRQ GHP ,GHDOLVPXV GHU MHPDQGHQ EHIlKLJW PLW
HLQHPVWLOOHQ(QWKXVLDVPXVV‰HUEHJOFNHQGHUEHIULHGLJHQGHUDOV
HLQHKHLPOLFKH/LHEHLUJHQGHLQDEVWUDNWHV*XWHLQHQDOWHQ1DPHQ
HLQ)LUPHQVFKLOG]XKHJHQ]XSIOHJHQ]XYHUWHLGLJHQ]X(KUHQXQG
0DFKW XQG *ODQ] ]X EULQJHQ 'HU 6LQQ IU 3RHVLH JLQJ GLU DE
REJOHLFKGXVRWDSIHUZDUVWWURW]GHP%HIHKOGHLQHV9DWHUV]XOLHEHQ
XQG]XKHLUDWHQ'XEHVD‰HVWDXFKNHLQHQ(KUJHL]2QNHO*RWWKROG
)UHLOLFKGHUDOWH1DPHLVWEOR‰HLQ%UJHUQDPHXQGPDQSIOHJWLKQ
LQGHP PDQ HLQHU *HWUHLGHKDQGOXQJ ]XP )ORU YHUKLOIW LQGHP PDQ
VHLQHHLJHQH3HUVRQLQHLQHPNOHLQHQ6WFN:HOWJHHKUWEHOLHEWXQG
PlFKWLJPDFKW«'DFKWHVWGX,FKKHLUDWHGLH6WZLQJGLHLFKOLHEH
XQG VFKHUH PLFK XP NHLQH SUDNWLVFKHQ 5FNVLFKWHQ GHQQ VLH VLQG
.OHLQNUDPXQG3IDKOEUJHUWXP"«2KDXFKZLUVLQGJHUDGHJHUHLVW
XQGJHELOGHWJHQXJXPUHFKWJXW]XHUNHQQHQGD‰GLH*UHQ]HQGLH
XQVHUHP (KUJHL]H JHVWHFNW VLQG YRQ DX‰HQ XQG REHQ JHVHKHQ QXU
HQJ XQG NOlJOLFK VLQG $EHU DOOHV LVW EOR‰ HLQ *OHLFKQLV DXI (UGHQ
2QNHO *RWWKROG :X‰WHVW GX QLFKW GD‰ PDQ DXFK LQ HLQHU NOHLQHQ
6WDGWHLQJUR‰HU0DQQVHLQNDQQ"'D‰PDQHLQ&lVDUVHLQNDQQDQ
HLQHP Pl‰LJHQ +DQGHOVSODW] DQ GHU 2VWVHH" )UHLOLFK GD]X JHK|UW
HLQ ZHQLJ 3KDQWDVLH HLQ ZHQLJ ,GHDOLVPXV« XQG GHQ EHVD‰HVW GX
QLFKWZDVGXDXFKYRQGLUVHOEVWJHGDFKWKDEHQPDJVW½
8QG7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNZDQGWHVLFKDE(UWUDWDQV)HQVWHUXQG
EOLFNWH GLH +lQGH DXI GHP 5FNHQ HLQ /lFKHOQ DXI VHLQHP
LQWHOOLJHQWHQ *HVLFKW ]X GHU VFKZDFKEHOHXFKWHWHQ XQG LQ 5HJHQ
JHKOOWHQJRWLVFKHQ)DVVDGHGHV5DWKDXVHVKLQEHU
:LH HV LQ GHU 1DWXU GHU 'LQJH ODJ JLQJHQ $PW XQG 7LWHO GHV
.|QLJOLFK1LHGHUOlQGLVFKHQ.RQVXODWVGDV7KRPDVVRIRUWQDFKGHP
7RGH VHLQHV 9DWHUV KlWWH IU VLFK LQ $QVSUXFK QHKPHQ N|QQHQ ]X
7RQ\*UQOLFKVPD‰ORVHP6WRO]HMHW]WDQLKQEHUXQGGDVJHZ|OEWH
6FKLOGPLW/|ZHQ:DSSHQXQG.URQHZDUQXQPHKUZLHGHUDQGHU
*LHEHOIURQWLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HXQWHUGHPª'RPLQXVSURYLGHELW©]X
VHKHQ
*OHLFK QDFK (UOHGLJXQJ GLHVHU $QJHOHJHQKHLW LP -XQL EHUHLWV
GHVVHOEHQ -DKUHV WUDW GHU MXQJH .RQVXO HLQH 5HLVH DQ HLQH


*HVFKlIWVUHLVHQDFK$PVWHUGDPYRQGHUHUQLFKWZX‰WHZLHYLHO=HLW
VLHLQ$QVSUXFKQHKPHQZHUGH

)QIWHV.DSLWHO

7RGHVIlOOHSIOHJHQHLQHGHP+LPPOLVFKHQ]XJHZDQGWH 6WLPPXQJ
KHUYRU]XEULQJHQ XQG QLHPDQG ZXQGHUWH VLFK DXV GHP 0XQGH GHU
.RQVXOLQ%XGGHQEURRNQDFKGHP'DKLQVFKHLGHQLKUHV*DWWHQGLHVH
RGHU MHQH KRFKUHOLJL|VH :HQGXQJ ]X YHUQHKPHQ GLH PDQ IUKHU
QLFKWDQLKUJHZRKQWJHZHVHQZDU
%DOGMHGRFK]HLJWHHVVLFKGD‰GLHVQLFKWV9RUEHUJHKHQGHV ZDU
XQGUDVFKZDU LQ GHU 6WDGW GLH7DWVDFKH EHNDQQW GD‰GLH .RQVXOLQ
JHZLOOW ZDU GDV $QGHQNHQ GHV 9HUHZLJWHQ LQ HUVWHU /LQLH GDGXUFK
]XHKUHQGD‰VLHGLHVFKRQLQGHQOHW]WHQ-DKUHQVHLQHV/HEHQVXQG
]ZDUVHLWVLHDOWHUWHPLWVHLQHQJHLVWOLFKHQ1HLJXQJHQV\PSDWKLVLHUW
KDWWH QXQ VHLQH IURPPH :HOWDQVFKDXXQJ YROOHQGV ]X GHU LKUHQ
PDFKWH
6LH VWUHEWH GDQDFK GDV ZHLWOlXILJH +DXV PLW GHP *HLVWH GHV
+HLPJHJDQJHQHQ]XHUIOOHQPLWGHPPLOGHQXQGFKULVWOLFKHQ(UQVW
GHU HLQH YRUQHKPH +HU]HQVKHLWHUNHLW QLFKW DXVVFKOR‰ 'LH 0RUJHQ
XQG $EHQGDQGDFKWHQ ZXUGHQ LQ DXVJHGHKQWHUHP 8PIDQJH
IRUWJHVHW]W'LH)DPLOLHYHUVDPPHOWHVLFKLP(‰VDDOHZlKUHQG GDV
'LHQVWSHUVRQDOLQGHU6lXOHQKDOOHVWDQGXQGGLH.RQVXOLQRGHU&ODUD
YHUODVHQ DXV GHU JUR‰HQ )DPLOLHQELEHO PLW GHQ XQJHKHXUHQ /HWWHUQ
HLQHQ $EVFKQLWW ZRUDXI PDQ DXV GHP *HVDQJEXFK HLQ SDDU 9HUVH
]XP+DUPRQLXPVDQJGDVGLH.RQVXOLQVSLHOWH$XFKWUDWRIWDQGLH
6WHOOH GHU %LEHO HLQHV GHU 3UHGLJW XQG (UEDXXQJVEFKHU PLW
VFKZDU]HP(LQEDQGXQG*ROGVFKQLWWGLHVHU6FKDW]NlVWFKHQ3VDOWHU
:HLKHVWXQGHQ 0RUJHQNOlQJH XQG 3LOJHUVWlEH GHUHQ EHVWlQGLJH
=lUWOLFKNHLW IU GDV V‰H ZRQQHVDPH -HVXOHLQ HLQ ZHQLJ ZLGHUOLFK
DQPXWHWHXQGYRQGHQHQDOO]XYLHOHLP+DXVHYRUKDQGHQZDUHQ
&KULVWLDQ HUVFKLHQ QLFKW RIW ]X GHQ $QGDFKWHQ (LQ (LQZDQG GHQ
7KRPDVEHL*HOHJHQKHLWJDQ]YRUVLFKWLJXQGKDOELP6FKHU]HJHJHQ
GLH hEXQJHQ HUKREHQ KDWWH ZDU PLW 0LOGH XQG :UGH


]XUFNJHZLHVHQZRUGHQ:DV0DGDPH*UQOLFKDQJLQJVREHQDKP
VLHVLFKOHLGHUQLFKWLPPHUY|OOLJNRUUHNWGDEHL(LQHV0RUJHQV HV
ZDU JHUDGH HLQ IUHPGHU 3UHGLJHU EHL %XGGHQEURRNV ]X *DVW  ZDU
PDQ JHQ|WLJW ]X HLQHU IHLHUOLFKHQ JODXEHQVIHVWHQ XQG LQQLJHQ
0HORGLHGLH:RUWH]XVLQJHQ

,FKELQHLQUHFKWHV5DEHQDDV
(LQZDKUHU6QGHQNUSSHO
'HUVHLQH6QGHQLQVLFKIUD‰
$OVZLHGHU5RVWGHQ=ZLSSHO
$FK+HUUVRQLPPPLFK+XQGEHLP2KU
:LUIPLUGHQ*QDGHQNQRFKHQYRU
8QGQLPPPLFK6QGHQOPPHO
,QGHLQHQ*QDGHQKLPPHO

«ZRUDXI )UDX *UQOLFK YRULQQHUOLFKHU =HUNQLUVFKXQJ GDV %XFK


YRQVLFKZDUIXQGGHQ6DDOYHUOLH‰
'LH.RQVXOLQVHOEVWDEHUYHUODQJWHZHLWPHKUQRFKYRQVLFKDOVYRQ
LKUHQ .LQGHUQ 6LH ULFKWHWH ]XP %HLVSLHO HLQH 6RQQWDJVVFKXOH HLQ
$P 6RQQWDJYRUPLWWDJ NOLQJHOWHQ ODXWHU NOHLQH 9RONVVFKXOPlGFKHQ
LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H XQG 6WLQH 9R‰ GLH $Q GHU 0DXHU XQG 0LNH
6WXKW GLH LQ GHU *ORFNHQJLH‰HUVWUD‰H XQG )LNH 6QXW GLH $Q GHU
7UDYH RGHU LQ GHU .OHLQHQ *U|SHOJUXEH RGHU LP (QJHOVZLVFK ]X
+DXVH ZDU ZDQGHUWHQ PLW LKUHP VHPPHOEORQGHQ PLW :DVVHU
JHNlPPWHQ +DDU EHU GLH JUR‰H 'LHOH LQ GDV KHOOH *DUWHQ]LPPHU
GRUW KLQWHQ GDV DOV .RQWRU VHLW OlQJHUHU =HLW QLFKW PHKU EHQXW]W
ZXUGH ZR 6LW]ElQNH DXIJHVFKODJHQ ZDUHQ XQG ZR GLH .RQVXOLQ
%XGGHQEURRN JHERUHQH .U|JHU PLW LKUHP .OHLG DXV VFKZHUHP
VFKZDU]HQ$WODVLKUHPZHL‰HQYRUQHKPHQ*HVLFKWXQGLKUHUQRFK
ZHL‰HUHQ6SLW]HQKDXEHLKQHQDQHLQHP7LVFKFKHQDXIZHOFKHPHLQ
*ODV =XFNHUZDVVHU VWDQG JHJHQEHUVD‰ XQG VLH HLQH 6WXQGH ODQJ
NDWHFKLVLHUWH
$XFKEHJUQGHWHVLHGHQ¾-HUXVDOHPVDEHQG½XQGDQGLHVHPPX‰WH
DX‰HU&ODUDXQG.ORWKLOGHDXFK7RQ\VLFKZRKORGHUEHOEHWHLOLJHQ
(LQPDO Z|FKHQWOLFK VD‰HQ DQ GHU ODQJDXVJH]RJHQHQ 7DIHO LP
(‰VDDOH EHLP 6FKHLQH YRQ /DPSHQ XQG .HU]HQ HWZD ]ZDQ]LJ


'DPHQ GLH LQ GHP $OWHU VWDQGHQ ZR HV DQ GHU =HLW LVW VLFK QDFK
HLQHP JXWHQ 3ODW]H LP +LPPHO XP]XVHKHQ WUDQNHQ 7HH RGHU
¾%LVFKRI½ D‰HQ IHLQ EHOHJWHV %XWWHUEURW XQG 3XGGLQJ ODVHQ VLFK
JHLVWOLFKH/LHGHUXQG$EKDQGOXQJHQYRUXQGIHUWLJWHQ+DQGDUEHLWHQ
DQ GLH DP (QGH GHV -DKUHV LQ HLQHP %DVDUH YHUNDXIW ZXUGHQ XQG
GHUHQ(UO|V]X0LVVLRQV]ZHFNHQQDFK-HUXVDOHPJHVFKLFNWZDUG
'HU IURPPH 9HUHLQ ZDUG LQ GHU +DXSWVDFKH YRQ 'DPHQ DXV GHU
*HVHOOVFKDIWVVSKlUH GHU .RQVXOLQ JHELOGHW XQG GLH 6HQDWRULQ
/DQJKDOV GLH .RQVXOLQ 0|OOHQGRUSI XQG GLH DOWH .RQVXOLQ
.LVWHQPDNHU JHK|UWHQ LKP DQ ZlKUHQG DQGHUH DOWH 'DPHQ GLH
ZHOWOLFKHUXQGSURIDQHUDQJHOHJWZDUHQZLH0DGDPH.RSSHQVLFK
EHU LKUH )UHXQGLQ %HWKV\ PRNLHUWHQ $XFK GLH 3UHGLJHUVJDWWLQQHQ
GHU 6WDGW VRZLH GLH YHUZLWZHWH .RQVXOLQ %XGGHQEURRN JHERUHQH
6WZLQJXQG6HVHPL:HLFKEURGWQHEVWLKUHUXQJHOHKUWHQ6FKZHVWHU
ZDUHQ 0LWJOLHGHU 9RU -HVX MHGRFK LVW NHLQ 5DQJ XQG NHLQ
8QWHUVFKLHGXQGVRQDKPHQ DP -HUXVDOHPVDEHQGDXFK DUPVHOLJHUH
XQG VHOWVDPHUH *HVWDOWHQ WHLO ZLH ]XP %HLVSLHO HLQ NOHLQHV
UXQ]HOLJHV *HVFK|SI UHLFK DQ *RWWJHIlOOLJNHLW XQG +lNHOPXVWHUQ
GDV LP +HLOLJHQ*HLVW+RVSLWDOH ZRKQWH +LPPHOVEUJHU KLH‰ XQG
GLH /HW]WH LKUHV *HVFKOHFKWV ZDU« ¾'LH OHW]WH +LPPHOVEUJHUQ½
QDQQWH VLH VLFK ZHKPWLJ XQG GDEHL IXKU VLH PLW GHU 6WULFNQDGHO
XQWHULKUH+DXEHXPVLFK]XNUDXHQ
:HLW EHPHUNHQVZHUWHU DEHU ZDUHQ ]ZHL DQGHUH 0LWJOLHGHU HLQ
=ZLOOLQJVSDDU]ZHLVRQGHUEDUHDOWH0lGFKHQGLHPLW6FKlIHUKWHQ
DXV GHP DFKW]HKQWHQ -DKUKXQGHUW XQG VHLW PDQFKHP -DKU VFKRQ
YHUEOLFKHQHQ.OHLGHUQ+DQGLQ+DQGLQGHU6WDGWXPKHUJLQJHQXQG
*XWHV WDWHQ 6LH KLH‰HQ *HUKDUGW XQG EHWHXHUWHQ LQ JHUDGHU /LQLH
YRQ3DXO*HUKDUGWDE]XVWDPPHQ0DQVDJWHGD‰VLHGXUFKDXVQLFKW
PLWWHOORV VHLHQ DEHU VLH OHEWHQ DXIV -lPPHUOLFKVWH XQG JDEHQ DOOHV
GHQ $UPHQ« ª/LHEH© EHPHUNWH GLH .RQVXOLQ %XGGHQEURRN GLH
VLFKLKUHU]XZHLOHQHLQEL‰FKHQVFKlPWHª*RWWVLHKWLQV+HU]HDEHU
,KUH.OHLGHUVLQGZHQLJDGUHWW«0DQPX‰DXIVLFKKDOWHQ«©$EHU
GDQQN‰WHQVLHLKUHHOHJDQWH)UHXQGLQZHOFKHGLH:HOWGDPHQLFKW
YHUOHXJQHQNRQQWHQXUDXIGLH6WLUQ«PLWGHUJDQ]HQQDFKVLFKWLJHQ
OLHEHYROOHQ XQG PLWOHLGLJHQ hEHUOHJHQKHLW GHV *HULQJHQ EHU GHQ
9RUQHKPHQ GHU GDV +HLO VXFKW (V ZDUHQ NHLQHVZHJV GXPPH
*HVFK|SIH XQG LQ LKUHQ NOHLQHQ Kl‰OLFKHQ YHUVFKUXPSIWHQ


3DSDJHLN|SIHQ VD‰HQ EODQNH VDQIW YHUVFKOHLHUWH EUDXQH $XJHQ GLH
PLW HLQHP VHOWVDPHQ $XVGUXFN YRQ 0LOGH XQG :LVVHQ LQ GLH :HOW
VFKDXWHQ« ,KUH +HU]HQ ZDUHQ YROO YRQ ZXQGHUEDUHQ XQG
JHKHLPQLVYROOHQ .HQQWQLVVHQ 6LH ZX‰WHQ GD‰ LQ XQVHUHU OHW]WHQ
6WXQGH DOO XQVHUH ]X *RWW YRUDQJHJDQJHQHQ /LHEHQ LQ 6DQJ XQG
6HOLJNHLWNRPPHQXQVDE]XKROHQ6LHVSUDFKHQGDV:RUWªGHU+HUU©
PLW GHU /HLFKWLJNHLW XQG 8UVSUQJOLFKNHLW YRQ HUVWHQ &KULVWHQ GLH
DXV GHV 0HLVWHUV HLJHQHP 0XQGH QRFK GDV ªhEHU HLQ NOHLQHV VR
ZHUGHW LKU PLFK VHKHQ© YHUQRPPHQ KDEHQ 6LH EHVD‰HQ GLH
PHUNZUGLJVWHQ 7KHRULHQ EHU LQQHUH /LFKWHU XQG $KQXQJHQ EHU
*HGDQNHQEHUWUDJXQJXQG:DQGHUXQJHQ«GHQQ/HDGLHHLQHYRQ
LKQHQZDUWDXEXQGZX‰WHJOHLFKZRKOIDVWLPPHUZRYRQGLH5HGH
ZDU
'D /HD *HUKDUGW WDXE ZDU ZDU VLH HV JHZ|KQOLFK GLH DQ GHQ
-HUXVDOHPVDEHQGHQ YRUODV DXFK IDQGHQ GLH 'DPHQ GD‰ VLH VFK|Q
XQG HUJUHLIHQG OlVH 6LH QDKP DXV LKUHP %HXWHO HLQ XUDOWHV %XFK
ZHOFKHV OlFKHUOLFK XQG XQYHUKlOWQLVPl‰LJ YLHO K|KHU DOV EUHLW ZDU
XQG YRUQ LQ .XSIHU JHVWRFKHQ GDV EHUPHQVFKOLFK SDXVElFNLJH
%LOGQLV LKUHV $KQKHUUQ HQWKLHOW QDKP HV LQ EHLGH +lQGH XQG ODV
GDPLW VLH VLFK VHOEVW HLQ ZHQLJ K|UHQ NRQQWH PLW IUFKWHUOLFKHU
6WLPPHGLHNODQJZLHZHQQGHU:LQGVLFKLP2IHQURKUYHUIlQJW
:LOO6DWDQPLFKYHUVFKOLQJHQ«
1XQ GDFKWH 7RQ\ *UQOLFK :HOFKHU 6DWDQ P|FKWH GLH ZRKO
YHUVFKOLQJHQ $EHU VLH VDJWH QLFKWV KLHOW VLFK LKUHUVHLWV DQ GHQ
3XGGLQJXQGGDFKWHGDUEHUQDFKREVLHZRKODXFKGHUPDOHLQVW VR
Kl‰OLFKVHLQZHUGHZLHGLHEHLGHQ)UlXOHLQ*HUKDUGW
6LHZDUQLFKWJOFNOLFKVLHHPSIDQG/DQJHZHLOHXQGlUJHUWHVLFK
EHU GLH 3DVWRUHQ XQG 0LVVLRQDUH GHUHQ %HVXFKH QDFK GHP 7RGH
GHV .RQVXOV VLFK YLHOOHLFKW QRFK YHUPHKUW KDWWHQ XQG GLH QDFK
7RQ\¶V 0HLQXQJ LP +DXVH DOO]XVHKU GDV 5HJLPHQW IKUWHQ XQG
DOO]XYLHO*HOGEHNDPHQ'HUOHW]WHUH3XQNWJLQJ7KRPDVDQDEHUHU
VFKZLHJ GDUEHU ZlKUHQG VHLQH 6FKZHVWHU KLH XQG GD HWZDV YRQ
/HXWHQ YRU VLFK KLQ PXUPHOWH GLH GHU :LWZHQ +lXVHU IUHVVHQ XQG
ODQJH*HEHWHYRUZHQGHQ
6LH KD‰WH GLHVH VFKZDU]HQ +HUUHQ DXIV %LWWHUOLFKVWH $OV JHUHLIWH
)UDX GLH GDV /HEHQ NHQQHQJHOHUQW KDWWH XQG NHLQ GXPPHV 'LQJ


PHKU ZDU VDK VLH VLFK QLFKW LQ GHU /DJH DQ LKUH XQEHGLQJWH
+HLOLJNHLW]XJODXEHQª0XWWHU©VDJWHVLHªR*RWWPDQVROOVHLQHP
1lFKVWHQQLFKWVhEOHVQDFKVDJHQ«JXWLFKZHL‰HV$EHUGDVHLQH
PX‰LFKGHQQGRFKDXVVSUHFKHQXQGLFKZUGHPLFKZXQGHUQZHQQ
GDV /HEHQ GLFK GDV QLFKW JHOHKUWKlWWHQlPOLFK GD‰ QLFKW DOOH GLH
HLQHQ ODQJHQ 5RFN WUDJHQ XQG ¾+HUU +HUU½ VDJHQ LPPHU JDQ]
PDNHOORVVLQG©
(V EOLHE XQDXIJHNOlUW ZLH 7KRPDV VLFK ]X VROFKHQ :DKUKHLWHQ
YHUKLHOW GLH VHLQH 6FKZHVWHU PLW XQJHKHXUHP 1DFKGUXFN YHUWUDW
&KULVWLDQDEHUKDWWHJDUNHLQH0HLQXQJHUEHVFKUlQNWHVLFKGDUDXI
GLH +HUUHQ PLW NUDXVHU 1DVH ]X EHREDFKWHQ XP KHUQDFK LP .OXE
RGHULQGHU)DPLOLHLKUH.RSLH]XOLHIHUQ«
$EHUHVLVWZDKUGD‰7RQ\DPPHLVWHQYRQGHQJHLVWOLFKHQ*lVWHQ
]XOHLGHQKDWWH(LQHV$EHQGVJHVFKDKHVZDKUXQGZDKUKDIWLJGD‰
HLQ 0LVVLRQDU QDPHQV -RQDWKDQ GHU VRZRKO LQ 6\ULHQ DOV DXFK LQ
$UDELHQJHZHVHQZDUHLQ0DQQPLWJUR‰HQYRUZXUIVYROOHQ$XJHQ
XQGEHWUEWKHUQLHGHUKlQJHQGHQ:DQJHQYRUVLHKLQWUDWXQGVLHPLW
WUDXULJHU 6WUHQJH ]XU (QWVFKHLGXQJ GHU )UDJH DXIIRUGHUWH RE LKUH
JHEUDQQWHQ 6WLUQORFNHQ VLFK HLJHQWOLFK PLW GHU ZDKUHQ FKULVWOLFKHQ
'HPXWYHUHLQEDUHQOLH‰HQ«$FKHUKDWWHQLFKWPLW7RQ\*UQOLFKV
VSLW]LJ VDUNDVWLVFKHU 5HGHJHZDQGWKHLW JHUHFKQHW 6LH VFKZLHJ
ZlKUHQGHLQLJHU$XJHQEOLFNH XQG PDQ VDK ZLHLKU +LUQ DUEHLWHWH
'DQQDEHUNDPHVª'DUILFK6LHELWWHQPHLQ+HUU3DVWRUVLFKXP
,KUH HLJHQHQ /RFNHQ ]X EHNPPHUQ"©« 8QG KLQDXV UDXVFKWH VLH
LQGHPVLHLKUH6FKXOWHUQHLQZHQLJHPSRU]RJGHQ.RSI]XUFNZDUI
XQGWURW]GHPGDV.LQQDXIGLH%UXVW]XGUFNHQVXFKWH8QG3DVWRU
-RQDWKDQEHVD‰lX‰HUVWZHQLJ+DXSWKDDUMDVHLQ6FKlGHOZDUQDFNW
]XQHQQHQ
(LQVW DEHU ZXUGH LKU HLQ QRFK JU|‰HUHU 7ULXPSK ]XWHLO 3DVWRU
7ULHVFKNH QlPOLFK 7UlQHQ7ULHVFKNH DXV %HUOLQ GHU GLHVHQ
%HLQDPHQ IKUWH ZHLO HU DOOVRQQWlJOLFK HLQPDO LQPLWWHQ VHLQHU
3UHGLJWDQJHHLJQHWHU6WHOOH]XZHLQHQEHJDQQ«7UlQHQ7ULHVFKNH
GHU VLFK GXUFK HLQ EOHLFKHV *HVLFKW URWH $XJHQ XQG ZDKUH
3IHUGHNLQQEDFNHQ DXV]HLFKQHWH XQG DFKW RGHU ]HKQ 7DJH ODQJ EHL
%XGGHQEURRNVZHFKVHOZHLVHPLWGHUDUPHQ.ORWKLOGHXPGLH:HWWH
D‰ XQG $QGDFKWHQ DEKLHOW YHUOLHEWH VLFK EHL GLHVHU *HOHJHQKHLW LQ
7RQ\«QLFKWHWZDLQLKUHXQVWHUEOLFKH6HHOHRQHLQVRQGHUQLQLKUH


2EHUOLSSHLKUVWDUNHV+DDULKUHKEVFKHQ$XJHQXQGLKUHEOKHQGH
*HVWDOW 8QG GLHVHU *RWWHVPDQQ GHU ]X %HUOLQ HLQ :HLE XQG YLHOH
.LQGHU EHVD‰ HQWEO|GHWHVLFK QLFKW GXUFK GHQ %HGLHQWHQ $QWRQ LQ
0DGDPH *UQOLFKV 6FKODI]LPPHU LP ]ZHLWHQ 6WRFN HLQHQ %ULHI
QLHGHUOHJHQ ]X ODVVHQ GHU DXV %LEHOH[WUDNWHQ XQG HLQHU VRQGHUEDU
DQVFKPLHJVDPHQ=lUWOLFKNHLWZLUNVDPJHPLVFKWZDU«6LHIDQGLKQ
EHLP=XEHWWHJHKHQVLHODVLKQXQGJLQJIHVWHQ6FKULWWHVKLQXQWHULQV
=ZLVFKHQJHVFKR‰XQGLQV6FKODI]LPPHUGHU.RQVXOLQZRVHOEVWVLH
LKUHU 0XWWHU EHLP .HU]HQVFKHLQH GDV 6FKUHLEHQ GHV 6HHOVRUJHUV
Y|OOLJ XQJHQLHUW XQG PLW ODXWHU 6WLPPH YRUWUXJ VR GD‰ 7UlQHQ
7ULHVFKNHIRUWDQLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HXQP|JOLFKZDU
ª6RVLQGVLHDOOH©VDJWH0DGDPH*UQOLFK«ª+DVRVLQGVLHDOOH
2*RWWLFKZDUHLQH*DQVIUKHUHLQGXPPHV'LQJ0DPDDEHUGDV
/HEHQ KDW PLU GDV 9HUWUDXHQ ]X GHQ 0HQVFKHQ JHQRPPHQ 'LH
PHLVWHQVLQG)LORXV«MDGDVLVW OHLGHU ZDKU *UQOLFK © 8QG GHU
1DPH NODQJ ZLH HLQH )DQIDUH ZLH HLQ NOHLQHU 7URPSHWHQVWR‰ GHQ
VLH PLW HWZDV HUKREHQHQ 6FKXOWHUQ XQG HPSRUJHULFKWHWHQ $XJHQ LQ
GLH/XIWKLQHLQHUW|QHQOLH‰

6HFKVWHV.DSLWHO

6LHYHUW 7LEXUWLXV ZDU HLQ NOHLQHU VFKPDOHU 0DQQ PLW JUR‰HP


.RSIHXQGWUXJHLQHQGQQHQDEHUODQJHQEORQGHQ%DFNHQEDUWGHU
JHWHLOW ZDU XQG GHVVHQ (QGHQ HU PDQFKPDO GHU %HTXHPOLFKNHLW
KDOEHU QDFK EHLGHQ 6HLWHQ KLQ EHU GLH 6FKXOWHUQ OHJWH 6HLQHQ
UXQGHQ 6FKlGHO EHGHFNWH HLQH 8Q]DKO JDQ] NOHLQHU ZROOLJHU
5LQJHOO|FNFKHQ6HLQH2KUPXVFKHOQZDUHQJUR‰lX‰HUVWDEVWHKHQG
DQGHQ5lQGHUQZHLWQDFKLQQHQ]XVDPPHQJHUROOWXQGREHQVRVSLW]
ZLHGLHHLQHV)XFKVHV6HLQH1DVHVD‰ZLHHLQNOHLQHUSODWWHU.QRSI
LQVHLQHP*HVLFKWVHLQH:DQJHQNQRFKHQVWDQGHQKHUYRUXQGVHLQH
JUDXHQ $XJHQ GLH JHPHLQKLQ HQJ ]XVDPPHQJHNQLIIHQ HLQ ZHQLJ
EO|GH XPKHUEOLQ]HOWHQ NRQQWHQ LQ JHZLVVHQ 0RPHQWHQ VLFK LQ
XQJHDKQWHU :HLVH HUZHLWHUQ JU|‰HU XQG JU|‰HU ZHUGHQ
KHUYRUTXHOOHQEHLQDKHKHUDXVVSULQJHQ«


'LHV ZDU GHU 3DVWRU 7LEXUWLXV ZHOFKHU DXV 5LJD VWDPPWH HLQLJH
-DKUHLQ0LWWHOGHXWVFKODQGDPWLHUWKDWWHXQGQXQDXIGHU5HLVHQDFK
VHLQHU+HLPDWZRHLQH3UHGLJHUVVWHOOHLKP]XJHIDOOHQZDUGLH6WDGW
EHUKUWH 9HUVHKHQ PLW GHU (PSIHKOXQJ HLQHV $PWVEUXGHUV GHU
HEHQIDOOVHLQVWLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰H0RFNWXUWOHVXSSHXQG6FKLQNHQPLW
6FKDORWWHQVDXFH JHJHVVHQ KDWWH PDFKWH HU GHU .RQVXOLQ VHLQH
$XIZDUWXQJ ZDUG IU GLH 'DXHU VHLQHV $XIHQWKDOWHV GHU HLQLJH
ZHQLJH 7DJH LQ $QVSUXFK QHKPHQ VROOWH ]X *DVWH JHODGHQ XQG
EHZRKQWH GDV JHUlXPLJH )UHPGHQ]LPPHU LP HUVWHQ 6WRFNZHUN DP
.RUULGRU
$EHU HU YHUZHLOWH OlQJHU DOV HU HUZDUWHW KDWWH (V YHUJLQJHQ DFKW
7DJH XQG QRFK LPPHU KDWWH HU GLHVH RGHU MHQH 6HKHQVZUGLJNHLW
GHQ 7RWHQWDQ] XQG GDV $SRVWHOXKUZHUN LQ GHU 0DULHQNLUFKH GDV
5DWKDXV GLH ¾6FKLIIHUJHVHOOVFKDIW½ RGHU GLH 6RQQH PLW GHQ
EHZHJOLFKHQ$XJHQLP'RPQLFKWEHVXFKW(VYHUJLQJHQ]HKQ7DJH
XQG HU VSUDFK ZLHGHUKROW YRQ VHLQHU $EUHLVH LQIROJH GHV HUVWHQ
:|UWFKHQVMHGRFKGDVLKQ]XP%OHLEHQDXIIRUGHUWHYHU]RJHUDXIV
QHXH
(U ZDUHLQ EHVVHUHU0HQVFK DOV GLH +HUUHQ-RQDWKDQ XQG 7UlQHQ
7ULHVFKNH (U EHNPPHUWH VLFK GXUFKDXV QLFKW XP )UDX $QWRQLHQV
JHEUDQQWH 6WLUQO|FNFKHQ XQG VFKULHE LKU NHLQHUOHL %ULHIH 'HVWR
DXIPHUNVDPHUDEHUEHVFKlIWLJWHHUVLFKPLW&ODUDLKUHUMQJHUHQXQG
HUQVWKDIWHUHQ6FKZHVWHU,QLKUHU*HJHQZDUW ZHQQVLH VSUDFK JLQJ
RGHUNDPNRQQWHHVJHVFKHKHQGD‰VHLQH$XJHQVLFKLQXQJHDKQWHU
:HLVH HUZHLWHUWHQ JU|‰HU XQG JU|‰HU ZXUGHQ KHUYRUTXROOHQ IDVW
KHUDXVVSUDQJHQ«XQGEHLQDKHGHQJDQ]HQ7DJKLHOWHU VLFK EHLLKU
DXILQGHPHUJHLVWOLFKHXQGZHOWOLFKH*HVSUlFKHPLWLKUSIORJRGHU
LKUYRUODV«PLWVHLQHUKRKHQVLFKEHUVFKODJHQGHQ6WLPPHXQGLQ
GHUGUROOLJKSIHQGHQ$XVVSUDFKHVHLQHUEDOWLVFKHQ+HLPDW
*OHLFK DP HUVWHQ 7DJH KDWWH HU JHVDJW ª(UEDUPHQ 6LH VLFK )UDX
.RQVXOLQZHOFKHLQHQ6FKDW]XQG*RWWHVVHJHQEHVLW]HQ6LHDQ,KUHU
7RFKWHU&ODUD'DVLVWZRKOHLQKHUUOLFKHV.LQG©
ª6LHKDEHQUHFKW©HUZLGHUWHGLH.RQVXOLQ$EHUHUZLHGHUKROWHHV
VRRIWGD‰VLHLKUHKHOOHQEODXHQ$XJHQLQGLVNUHWHU3UIXQJ]XLKP
KLQVFKZHLIHQ OLH‰ XQG LKQ YHUDQOD‰WH HLQ ZHQLJ HLQJHKHQGHU YRQ
VHLQHU +HUNXQIW VHLQHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVHQ VHLQHQ $XVVLFKWHQ ]X
HU]lKOHQ(VHUJDEVLFKGD‰HUDXVHLQHU.DXIPDQQVIDPLOLHVWDPPWH


GD‰VHLQH0XWWHUEHL*RWWVHLGD‰HU*HVFKZLVWHUQLFKWEHVLW]HXQG
GD‰VHLQDOWHU9DWHU]X5LJDDOV3ULYDWLHUPLWHLQHPDXVN|PPOLFKHQ
9HUP|JHQOHEHZHOFKHVHLQVWPDOVLKPVHOEVWGHP3DVWRU7LEXUWLXV
JHK|UHQ ZHUGH EULJHQV VLFKHUH VHLQ $PW LKP HLQ KLQUHLFKHQGHV
(LQNRPPHQ
:DV &ODUD %XGGHQEURRN EHWUDI VR VWDQG VLH QXQ LP QHXQ]HKQWHQ
-DKUH XQG ZDU PLW LKUHP GXQNOHQ JODWWJHVFKHLWHOWHQ +DDU LKUHQ
VWUHQJH XQG GHQQRFK WUlXPHULVFK EOLFNHQGHQ EUDXQHQ $XJHQ LKUHU
OHLFKW JHERJHQHQ 1DVH LKUHP HLQ ZHQLJ ]X IHVW JHVFKORVVHQHQ
0XQGH XQG LKUHU KRKHQ VFKODQNHQ *HVWDOW ]X HLQHU MXQJHQ 'DPH
YRQKHUEHUXQGHLJHQWPOLFKHU6FK|QKHLWHUZDFKVHQ,P+DXVHKLHOW
VLH DP IHVWHVWHQ PLW LKUHU DUPHQ XQG HEHQIDOOV IURPPHQ &RXVLQH
.ORWKLOGH ]XVDPPHQ GHUHQ 9DWHU NU]OLFK JHVWRUEHQ ZDU XQG GLH
PLWGHP*HGDQNHQXPJLQJVLFKGHPQlFKVWHLQPDO]XªHWDEOLHUHQ©
GDV KHL‰W PLW HLQLJHQ *URVFKHQ XQG 0|EHOQ GLH VLH HUHUEW VLFK
LUJHQGZR LQ 3HQVLRQ ]X EHJHEHQ« 9RQ 7KLOGD¶V JHGHKQWHU
JHGXOGLJHU XQG KXQJULJHU 'HPXW IUHLOLFK NDQQWH &ODUD QLFKWV ,P
*HJHQWHLO HLJQHWHLKULP 9HUNHKU PLW GHQ 'LHQVWERWHQ MD DXFK PLW
LKUHQ*HVFKZLVWHUQXQGLKUHU0XWWHU HLQ HWZDVKHUULVFKHU7RQ XQG
LKUH$OWVWLPPHVFKRQGLHVLFKQXUPLW%HVWLPPWKHLW]XVHQNHQQLH
DEHU IUDJHQG ]X KHEHQ YHUVWDQG WUXJ HLQHQ EHIHKOVKDEHULVFKHQ
&KDUDNWHU XQG NRQQWH RIW HLQH NXU]H KDUWH XQGXOGVDPH XQG
KRFKIDKUHQGH.ODQJIDUEHDQQHKPHQDQ7DJHQQlPOLFKZR&ODUDDQ
.RSIVFKPHU]HQOLWW
6LHKDWWHEHYRUGHU7RGGHV.RQVXOVGLH)DPLOLHLQ7UDXHUKOOWH
PLW XQQDKEDUHU :UGH GLH *HVHOOVFKDIWHQ LP (OWHUQKDXVH XQG GHQ
+lXVHUQ YRQ JOHLFKHU 5DQJVWXIH PLWJHPDFKW« 'LH .RQVXOLQ
EHWUDFKWHWHVLHXQGVLHNRQQWHVLFKQLFKWYHUKHKOHQGD‰HVWURW]GHU
VWDWWOLFKHQ0LWJLIWXQG&ODUD¶VKlXVOLFKHU7FKWLJNHLWVFKZHUKDOWHQ
ZHUGH GLHV .LQG ]X YHUHKHOLFKHQ .HLQHQ GHU VNHSWLVFKHQ
URWVSRQWULQNHQGHQ XQG MRYLDOHQ .DXIKHUUHQ LKUHU 8PJHEXQJ ZRKO
DEHUHLQHQ*HLVWOLFKHQNRQQWHVLHVLFKDQGHU6HLWHGHV HUQVWHQ XQG
JRWWHVIUFKWLJHQ 0lGFKHQV YRUVWHOOHQ XQG GD GLHVHU *HGDQNH GLH
.RQVXOLQ IUHXGLJ EHZHJWH VR IDQGHQ GHV 3DVWRUV 7LEXUWLXV ]DUWH
(LQOHLWXQJHQ YRQ LKUHU 6HLWH HLQ PD‰YROOHV XQG IUHXQGOLFKHV
(QWJHJHQNRPPHQ


8QG ZDKUKDIWLJ HQWZLFNHOWH VLFK GLH $QJHOHJHQKHLW PLW JUR‰HU
3Ul]LVLRQ $Q HLQHP ZDUPHQ XQG ZRONHQORVHQ -XOLQDFKPLWWDJ
PDFKWH GLH )DPLOLH HLQHQ 6SD]LHUJDQJ 'LH .RQVXOLQ $QWRQLH
&KULVWLDQ&ODUD7KLOGD(ULND*UQOLFKPLW0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQXQG
LQ LKUHU 0LWWH 3DVWRU7LEXUWLXV ]RJHQ ZHLW YRUV %XUJWRU KLQDXV XP
EHL HLQHP OlQGOLFKHQ :LUWH LP )UHLHQ DQ +RO]WLVFKHQ (UGEHHUHQ
6DWWHQPLOFK RGHU 5RWH *UW]H ]X HVVHQ XQG QDFK GHU
9HVSHUPDKO]HLWHUJLQJPDQVLFKLQGHPJUR‰HQ1XW]JDUWHQGHUELV
]XP )OXVVH VLFK KLQ]RJ LP 6FKDWWHQ YRQ DOOHUOHL 2EVWElXPHQ
]ZLVFKHQ -RKDQQLV XQG 6WDFKHOEHHUEVFKHQ 6SDUJHO XQG
.DUWRIIHOIHOGHUQ
6LHYHUW 7LEXUWLXV XQG &ODUD %XGGHQEURRN EOLHEHQ HLQ ZHQLJ
]XUFN (U VHKU YLHO NOHLQHU DOV VLH GHQ JHWHLOWHQ %DFNHQEDUW EHU
EHLGHQ 6FKXOWHUQ KDWWH GHQ JHVFKZHLIWHQ VFKZDU]HQ 6WURKKXW YRQ
VHLQHPJUR‰HQ.RSIHJHQRPPHQXQGIKUWHLQGHPHUVLFKKLHXQG
GDPLWGHP7XFKHGLH6WLUQWURFNQHWHPLWJUR‰HQ$XJHQHLQODQJHV
XQG VDQIWHV *HVSUlFK PLW LKU LQ GHVVHQ 9HUODXIH VLH EHLGH HLQPDO
VWHKHQEOLHEHQ XQG &ODUD PLW HUQVWHU XQG UXKLJHU 6WLPPH HLQ -D
VSUDFK
'DQQQDFKGHU5FNNHKUDOVGLH.RQVXOLQHLQZHQLJHUPGHWXQG
HUKLW]WDOOHLQLP/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHUVD‰VHW]WHVLFK3DVWRU7LEXUWLXV
GUDX‰HQODJGLHQDFKGHQNOLFKH6WLOOHGHV6RQQWDJQDFKPLWWDJV ]X
LKU LQ GHQ VRPPHUOLFKHQ $EHQGJODQ] XQG EHJDQQ DXFK PLW LKU HLQ
ODQJHV XQG VDQIWHV *HVSUlFK DQ GHVVHQ (QGH GLH .RQVXOLQ VDJWH
ª*HQXJ PHLQ OLHEHU +HUU 3DVWRU« ,KU $QWUDJ HQWVSULFKW PHLQHQ
PWWHUOLFKHQ :QVFKHQ XQG 6LH ,KUHUVHLWV KDEHQ QLFKW VFKOHFKW
JHZlKOWGHVVHQNDQQLFK6LHYHUVLFKHUQ:HUKlWWHJHGDFKWGD‰,KU
(LQJDQJ XQG $XIHQWKDOW LQ XQVHUHP +DXVH VR ZXQGHUEDU JHVHJQHW
VHLQZHUGH«,FKZLOOKHXWHPHLQOHW]WHV:RUWQRFKQLFKWVSUHFKHQ
GHQQ HV JHK|UW VLFK GD‰ LFK ]XYRU PHLQHP 6RKQH GHP .RQVXO
VFKUHLEH GHU VLFK DXJHQEOLFNOLFK ZLH 6LH ZLVVHQ LP $XVODQGH
EHILQGHW6LHUHLVHQEHL/HEHQXQG*HVXQGKHLWPRUJHQQDFK5LJDDE
XP,KU$PWDQ]XWUHWHQXQGZLUJHGHQNHQXQVIUHLQLJH:RFKHQDQ
GLH 6HH ]X EHJHEHQ« 6LH ZHUGHQ LQ %lOGH 1DFKULFKW YRQ PLU
HPSIDQJHQXQGGHU+HUUJHEHGD‰ZLUXQVJOFNOLFKZLHGHUVHKHQ©


6LHEHQWHV.DSLWHO

$PVWHUGDPGHQ-XOL
+RWHO¾+HW+DDVMH½0HLQHOLHEH0XWWHU
6RHEHQ LQ GHQ %HVLW] 'HLQHV LQKDOWUHLFKHQ 6FKUHLEHQV JHODQJW
EHHLOHLFKPLFK'LUDXIGDVKHU]OLFKVWHIUGLH $XIPHUNVDPNHLW ]X
GDQNHQ GLH GDULQ OLHJW GD‰ 'X LQ GHU EHZX‰WHQ $QJHOHJHQKHLW
PHLQH =XVWLPPXQJ HLQ]LHKVW LFK HUWHLOH VHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKHUZHLVH
QLFKW QXU VLH VRQGHUQ IJH DXFK PHLQH IUHXGLJVWHQ *OFNZQVFKH
KLQ]X YROODXI EHU]HXJW GD‰ ,KU 'X XQG &ODUD HLQH JXWH :DKO
ZHUGHWJHWURIIHQKDEHQ'HUVFK|QH1DPH7LEXUWLXVLVWPLUEHNDQQW
XQGLFKJODXEHEHVWLPPWGD‰3DSDPLWGHP$OWHQLQJHVFKlIWOLFKHU
9HUELQGXQJ VWDQG &ODUD NRPPW MHGHQIDOOV LQ DQJHQHKPH
9HUKlOWQLVVH XQG GLH 3RVLWLRQ DOV 3DVWRULQ ZLUG LKUHP
7HPSHUDPHQWH]XVDJHQ
7LEXUWLXV LVW DOVR QDFK 5LJD DEJHUHLVW XQG ZLUG VHLQH %UDXW LP
$XJXVW QRFK HLQPDO EHVXFKHQ" 1XQ HV ZLUG ZDKUKDIWLJ PXQWHU
]XJHKHQDOVGDQQEHLXQVLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HPXQWHUHUQRFKDOV,KU
DOOH YRUDXVVHKW GHQQ ,KU ZL‰W QLFKW DXV ZHOFKHQ DEVRQGHUOLFKHQ
*UQGHQ LFK VR EHUDXV IURK HUVWDXQW EHU 0DGHPRLVHOOH &ODUD¶V
9HUOREXQJELQXQGXPZHOFKHVDOOHUOLHEVWH=XVDPPHQWUHIIHQHVVLFK
GDEHLKDQGHOW-DPHLQHDXVJH]HLFKQHWH)UDX0DPDZHQQLFKPLFK
KHXWHEHTXHPHPHLQHQJUDYLWlWLVFKHQ.RQVHQV]X&ODUD¶VLUGLVFKHP
*OFN YRQ GHU $PVWHO ]XU 2VWVHH ]X VHQGHQ VR JHVFKLHKW HV JDQ]
HLQIDFKXQWHUGHU%HGLQJXQJGD‰LFKPLWZHQGHQGHU3RVWDXV'HLQHU
)HGHU HLQHQ HEHQVROFKHQ .RQVHQV LQ EHWUHII HLQHU HEHQVROFKHQ
$QJHOHJHQKHLW]XUFNHPSIDQJH'UHLKDUWH*XOGHQZUGHLFKGDIU
JHEHQ N|QQWH LFK 'HLQ *HVLFKW EHVRQGHUV DEHU GDVMHQLJH XQVHUHU
ZDFNHUHQ7RQ\VHKHQZHQQ,KUGLHVH=HLOHQOHVW«$EHULFKZLOO]XU
6DFKHUHGHQ
0HLQ NOHLQHV UHLQOLFKHV +RWHO LVW PLW KEVFKHU $XVVLFKW DXI GHQ
.DQDO LQPLWWHQ GHU 6WDGW XQZHLW GHU %|UVH JHOHJHQ XQG GLH
*HVFKlIWHGHQHQ]XOLHEHLFKKLHUKHUJHNRPPHQ HVKDQGHOWHVLFKXP
GLH$QNQSIXQJHLQHUQHXHQZHUWYROOHQ9HUELQGXQJ'XZHL‰WLFK
EHVRUJHGHUJOHLFKHQPLW9RUOLHEHSHUV|QOLFK HQWZLFNHOWHQVLFKYRP
HUVWHQ7DJHDQLQHUZQVFKWHU:HLVH9RQPHLQHU/HKU]HLWKHUDEHU


ZRKOEHNDQQW LQ GHU 6WDGW ZDU LFK REJOHLFK YLHOH )DPLOLHQ VLFK LQ
GHQ6HHElGHUQEHILQGHQDXFKJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKVRIRUWVHKUOHEKDIWLQ
$QVSUXFKJHQRPPHQ ,FK KDEH NOHLQH $EHQGJHVHOOVFKDIWHQ EHL YDQ
+HQNGRPV XQG 0RHOHQV PLWJHPDFKW XQG VFKRQ DP GULWWHQ 7DJH
PHLQHV +LHUVHLQV PX‰WHLFK PLFK LQ *DOD ZHUIHQ XP HLQHP 'LQHU
EHL PHLQHP HKHPDOLJHQ 3ULQ]LSDOH +HUUQ YDQ GHU .HOOHQ
EHL]XZRKQHQ GDV HU VR DX‰HUKDOE GHU 6DLVRQ HUVLFKWOLFK PLU ]X
(KUHQ DUUDQJLHUWH =X 7LVFKH DEHU IKUWH LFK« KDEW ,KU /XVW ]X
UDWHQ" )UlXOHLQ $UQROGVHQ *HUGD $UQROGVHQ 7RQ\¶V HKHPDOLJH
3HQVLRQVJHQRVVLQ GHUHQ 9DWHU GHU JUR‰H .DXIPDQQ XQG EHLQDKH
QRFK JU|‰HUH *HLJHQYLUWXRV VRZLH VHLQH YHUKHLUDWHWH 7RFKWHU XQG
LKU*DWWHHEHQIDOOV]XJHJHQZDUHQ
,FK HULQQHUH PLFK VHKU ZRKO GD‰ *HUGD  JHVWDWWHW GD‰ LFK PLFK
EHUHLWV DXVVFKOLH‰OLFK GHV 9RUQDPHQV EHGLHQH ± VFKRQ DOV JDQ]
MXQJHV 0lGFKHQ DOV VLH QRFK EHL 0DGHPRLVHOOH :HLFKEURGW DP
0KOHQEULQN ]XU 6FKXOH JLQJ HLQHQ VWDUNHQ XQG QLH JDQ]
YHUO|VFKWHQ (LQGUXFN DXI PLFK JHPDFKW KDW -HW]W DEHU VDK LFK VLH
ZLHGHU JU|‰HU HQWZLFNHOWHU VFK|QHU JHLVWUHLFKHU« (UOD‰W PLU GD
VLH OHLFKW HLQ ZHQLJ XQJHVWP DXVIDOOHQ N|QQWH GLH %HVFKUHLEXQJ
LKUHU3HUV|QOLFKNHLWGLH,KUEDOGYRQ$QJHVLFKW]X$QJHVLFKWZHUGHW
VFKDXHQN|QQHQ
,KU N|QQW (XFK GHQNHQ GD‰ VLFK HLQH 0HQJH YRQ
$XVJDQJVSXQNWHQ]XHLQHPJXWHQ7LVFKJHVSUlFKHGDUERWHQDEHUZLU
YHUOLH‰HQVFKRQQDFKGHU6XSSHGDV*HELHWGHUDOWHQ$QHNGRWHQXQG
JLQJHQ ]X HUQVWHUHQ XQG IHVVHOQGHUHQ 'LQJHQ EHU ,Q GHU 0XVLN
NRQQWH LFK LKU QLFKW :LGHUSDUW KDOWHQ GHQQ ZLU EHGDXHUQVZHUWHQ
%XGGHQEURRNV ZLVVHQ DOO]XZHQLJ GDYRQ DEHU LQ GHU
QLHGHUOlQGLVFKHQ0DOHUHLZDULFKVFKRQEHVVHU]X+DXVHXQGLQGHU
/LWHUDWXUYHUVWDQGHQZLUXQVGXUFKDXV
:DKUOLFK GLH =HLW YHUJLQJ LP )OXJH 1DFK 7LVFKH OLH‰ LFK PLFK
GHP DOWHQ +HUUQ $UQROGVHQ SUlVHQWLHUHQ GHU PLU PLW DXVJHVXFKWHU
9HUELQGOLFKNHLW HQWJHJHQNDP 6SlWHU LP 6DORQ WUXJ HU PHKUHUH
.RQ]HUWSLHFHQ YRU XQG DXFK *HUGD SURGX]LHUWH VLFK 6LH VDK
SUDFKWYROO GDEHL DXV XQG REJOHLFK LFK NHLQH $KQXQJ YRP
9LROLQVSLHO KDEH VR ZHL‰ LFK GD‰ VLH DXI LKUHP ,QVWUXPHQW HLQHU
HFKWHQ6WUDGLYDUL ]XVLQJHQYHUVWDQGGD‰HLQHPEHLQDKHGLH7UlQHQ
LQGLH$XJHQWUDWHQ


$P IROJHQGHQ 7DJH PDFKWH LFK %HVXFK EHL $UQROGVHQV
%XLWHQNDQW ,FK ZXUGH ]XQlFKVW YRQ HLQHU DOWHQ *HVHOOVFKDIWVGDPH
HPSIDQJHQ PLW GHU LFK PLFK IUDQ]|VLVFK XQWHUKDOWHQ PX‰WH GDQQ
DEHUNDP*HUGDKLQ]XXQGZLUSODXGHUWHQZLHWDJV]XYRUZRKOHLQH
6WXQGHODQJQXUGD‰ZLUXQVGLHVPDOQRFKPHKUHLQDQGHUQlKHUWHQ
XQV QRFK PHKU EHVWUHEWHQ HLQDQGHU ]X YHUVWHKHQ XQG
NHQQHQ]XOHUQHQ (V ZDU ZLHGHU YRQ 'LU 0DPD YRQ 7RQ\ YRQ
XQVHUHUJXWHQDOWHQ6WDGWXQGPHLQHU7lWLJNHLWGDVHOEVWGLH5HGH«
6FKRQDQGLHVHP7DJHVWDQGPHLQ(QWVFKOX‰IHVWZHOFKHUODXWHWH
'LHVH RGHU NHLQH MHW]W RGHU QLHPDOV ,FK WUDI PLW LKU QRFK
JHOHJHQWOLFK HLQHV *DUWHQIHVWHV EHL PHLQHP )UHXQGH YDQ 6YLQGUHQ
]XVDPPHQ LFK ZDUG ]X HLQHU NOHLQHQ PXVLNDOLVFKHQ 6RLUHH EHL
$UQROGVHQV VHOEVW JHEHWHQ LQ GHUHQ 9HUODXI LFK GHU MXQJHQ 'DPH
JHJHQEHUGDV([SHULPHQWHLQHUKDOEHQXQGVRQGLHUHQGHQ(UNOlUXQJ
PDFKWH GLH HUPXWLJHQG EHDQWZRUWHW ZXUGH« XQG QXQ LVW HV IQI
7DJH KHU GD‰ LFK PLFK YRUPLWWDJV ]X +HUUQ $UQROGVHQ EHJDE XP
PLU GLH (UODXEQLV ]X HUELWWHQ XP GLH +DQG VHLQHU 7RFKWHU ]X
ZHUEHQ (U HPSILQJ PLFK LQ VHLQHP 3ULYDWNRQWRU ª0HLQ OLHEHU
.RQVXO© VDJWH HU ª6LH VLQG PLU DXIV K|FKVWH ZLOONRPPHQ VR
VFKZHUHVPLUDOWHP:LWZHUIDOOHQZUGHPLFKYRQPHLQHU7RFKWHU
]X WUHQQHQ $EHU VLH" 6LH KDW ELVODQJ LKUHQ (QWVFKOX‰ QLHPDOV ]X
KHLUDWHQPLW)HVWLJNHLWDXIUHFKWHUKDOWHQ+DEHQ6LHGHQQ&KDQFHQ"©
8QG HU ZDU lX‰HUVW HUVWDXQW DOV LFK LKP HUZLGHUWH GD‰ )UlXOHLQ
*HUGD PLU LQ GHU 7DW 9HUDQODVVXQJ ]X HLQLJHU +RIIQXQJ JHJHEHQ
KDEH
(UKDWLKUHLQLJH7DJH=HLW]XP%HVLQQHQJHODVVHQXQGLFKJODXEH
HUKDWLKUDXVDUJHP(JRLVPXVVRJDUDEJHUDWHQ$EHUHVKLOIWQLFKWV
LFK ELQ GHU $XVHUZlKOWH XQG VHLW JHVWHUQ QDFKPLWWDJ LVW GLH
9HUOREXQJSHUIHNW
1HLQ PHLQH OLHEH 0DPD LFK ELWWH 'LFK MHW]W QLFKW XP 'HLQHQ
VFKULIWOLFKHQ 6HJHQ ]X GLHVHU 9HUELQGXQJ GHQQ VFKRQ EHUPRUJHQ
UHLVH LFK DE DEHU LFK QHKPH GDV 9HUVSUHFKHQ GHU $UQROGVHQV PLW
GD‰VLHXQVGHU9DWHU*HUGDXQGDXFKLKUHYHUKHLUDWHWH6FKZHVWHU
LP$XJXVWEHVXFKHQZHUGHQXQGGDQQZLUVW'XQLFKWXPKLQN|QQHQ
]X]XJHVWHKHQ GD‰ GLHV GLH 5HFKWH IU PLFK LVW 'HQQ HV OLHJW IU
'LFKGRFKNHLQ(LQZDQGGDULQGD‰*HUGDQXUGUHL-DKUHMQJHULVW
DOVLFK"'XZLUVWZRKOQLHPDOVDQJHQRPPHQKDEHQ KRIIHLFKGD‰


LFK LUJHQGHLQHQ %DFNILVFK DXV GHP .UHLVH 0|OOHQGRUSI/DQJKDOV
.LVWHQPDNHU+DJHQVWU|PKHLPIXKUHQZUGH
8QG ZDV GLH ª3DUWLH© EHWULIIW"« $FK LFK lQJVWLJH PLFK EHLQDKH
GDYRU GD‰ 6WHSKDQ .LVWHQPDNHU XQG +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P XQG
3HWHU'|KOPDQQXQG2QNHO-XVWXVXQGGLHJDQ]H6WDGWPLFKSILIILJ
DQEOLQ]HOQ ZLUG ZHQQ PDQ YRQ GHU 3DUWLH HUIlKUW GHQQ PHLQ
]XNQIWLJHU6FKZLHJHUYDWHULVW0LOOLRQlU«
0HLQ*RWWZDVOl‰WVLFKGDUEHUVDJHQ"(VJLEWVRYLHO+DOEHVLQ
XQV GDV VR RGHU VR JHGHXWHW ZHUGHQ NDQQ ,FK YHUHKUH *HUGD
$UQROGVHQPLW(QWKXVLDVPXVDEHULFKELQGXUFKDXVQLFKWJHVRQQHQ
WLHIJHQXJLQ PLFK VHOEVW KLQDE]XVWHLJHQ XP ]X HUJUQGHQ RE XQG
LQZLHIHUQ GLH KRKH 0LWJLIW GLH PDQ PLU JOHLFK EHL GHU HUVWHQ
9RUVWHOOXQJ ]LHPOLFK ]\QLVFKHU :HLVH LQV 2KU IOVWHUWH ]X GLHVHP
(QWKXVLDVPXV EHLJHWUDJHQ KDW ,FK OLHEH VLH DEHU HV PDFKW PHLQ
*OFNXQGPHLQHQ6WRO]GHVWRJU|‰HUGD‰LFKLQGHPVLHPHLQHLJHQ
ZLUG JOHLFK]HLWLJ XQVHUHU )LUPD HLQHQ EHGHXWHQGHQ .DSLWDO]XIOX‰
HUREHUH
,FK VFKOLH‰H OLHEH 0XWWHU GLHVHQ %ULHI GHU LQ $QEHWUDFKW GHV
8PVWDQGHV GD‰ ZLU XQV LQ ZHQLJHQ 7DJHQ VFKRQ PQGOLFK EHU
PHLQ*OFNZHUGHQEHUHGHQN|QQHQVFKRQDOO]XODQJJHZRUGHQLVW
,FKZQVFKH'LUHLQHQDQJHQHKPHQXQGHUKROVDPHQ%DGHDXIHQWKDOW
XQG ELWWH 'LFK DOOH GLH 8QVULJHQ DXI GDV KHU]OLFKVWH YRQ PLU ]X
JU‰HQ,QWUHXHU/LHEH
'HLQJHKRUVDPHU6RKQ7

$FKWHV.DSLWHO

,Q GHU 7DW HV JDE GLHVHV -DKU HLQHQ OHEKDIWHQ XQG IHVWOLFKHQ
+RFKVRPPHULP%XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ+DXVH
$P(QGHGHV-XOLWUDI7KRPDVZLHGHULQGHU 0HQJVWUD‰H HLQ XQG
EHVXFKWHJOHLFKGHQEULJHQ+HUUHQGLHLQGHU6WDGWJHVFKlIWOLFKLQ
$QVSUXFK JHQRPPHQ ZDUHQ VHLQH )DPLOLH HLQLJH 0DOH DP 0HHUH
ZlKUHQG&KULVWLDQVLFKGDVHOEVWYROONRPPHQH)HULHQJHPDFKWKDWWH


GHQQ HU NODJWH EHU HLQHQ XQEHVWLPPWHQ 6FKPHU] LP OLQNHQ %HLQ
PLW GHP 'RNWRU *UDERZ GXUFKDXV QLFKWV DQ]XIDQJHQ ZX‰WH XQG
EHU GHQ &KULVWLDQ GDKHU GHVWR HLQJHKHQGHU QDFKGDFKWH« ª(V LVW
NHLQ6FKPHU]«VRNDQQPDQHVQLFKWQHQQHQ©HUNOlUWHHUPKVDP
LQGHP HU PLW GHU +DQG DQ GHP %HLQH DXI XQG QLHGHU IXKU VHLQH
JUR‰H1DVHNUDXVWHXQGGLH$XJHQZDQGHUQOLH‰ª(VLVWHLQH4XDO
HLQHIRUWZlKUHQGHOHLVHEHXQUXKLJHQGH4XDOLPJDQ]HQ%HLQ«XQG
DQGHUOLQNHQ6HLWHDQGHU6HLWHZRGDV+HU]VLW]W«6RQGHUEDU«
LFKILQGHHVVRQGHUEDU:DVGHQNVWGXHLJHQWOLFKGDUEHU7RP«©
ª-DMD«©VDJWH7RPª'XKDVWQXQ5XKHXQG6HHElGHU«©
8QG GDQQ JLQJ &KULVWLDQ DQ GLH 6HH KLQXQWHU XP GHU
%DGHJHVHOOVFKDIW *HVFKLFKWHQ ]X HU]lKOHQ GD‰ GHU 6WUDQG YRQ
/DFKHQ ZLGHUKDOOWH RGHU LQ GHQ .XUVDDO XP PLW 3HWHU '|KOPDQQ
2QNHO -XVWXV 'RNWRU *LHVHNH XQG HLQLJHQ +DPEXUJHU 6XLWLHUV
5RXOHWWH]XVSLHOHQ
8QG .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN EHVXFKWH PLW 7RQ\ ZLH LPPHU ZHQQ
PDQ LQ 7UDYHPQGH ZDU GLH DOWHQ 6FKZDU]NRSIV LQ GHU
9RUGHUUHLKH« ª*RRG¶Q 'DJ RRN 0D¶P¶ *UQOLFK© VDJWH GHU
/RWVHQNRPPDQGHXU XQG UHGHWH YRU )UHXGH SODWW ª1D ZHHWHQ 6¶
ZROO QRFK" 'DW¶V QX DOO EDQQLJ ODQJ KHU hZHU GDW ZLHU µQH
YHUGDPPWQHWWH7LHG«8QXQV0RUWHQGHLVQXDOOODQJ'RNWHULQ
%UHVODXXQKHLKHWWRRNDOO¶QHJDQ]VWDDWVFKH3UD[LVGHU%HQJHO«©
'DQQ OLHI )UDX 6FKZDU]NRSI XPKHU XQG PDFKWH .DIIHH XQG VLH
YHVSHUWHQ LQ GHU JUQHQ 9HUDQGD ZLH HKHPDOV« QXU GD‰ DOOH XP
YROOH ]HKQ -DKUH lOWHU ZDUHQ QXQPHKU GD‰ 0RUWHQ XQG GLH NOHLQH
0HWD GLH GHQ 2UWVYRUVWHKHU YRQ +DIINUXJ JHKHLUDWHW KDWWH IHUQ
ZDUHQ GD‰ GHU .RPPDQGHXU VFKRQ JDQ] ZHL‰ XQG ]LHPOLFK WDXE
LP 5XKHVWDQG OHEWH GD‰ VHLQH )UDX LQ LKUHP 1HW]H HEHQIDOOV VHKU
JUDXHV +DDU WUXJ XQG 0DGDPH *UQOLFK NHLQH *DQV PHKU ZDU
VRQGHUQ GDV /HEHQ NHQQHQJHOHUQW KDWWH ZDV VLH DEHU KLHU QLFKW
KLQGHUWHHLQH0HQJH6FKHLEHQKRQLJ]XHVVHQGHQQVLHVDJWHª'DV
LVWUHLQHV1DWXUSURGXNWGDZHL‰PDQGRFKZDVPDQYHUVFKOXFNW©
=X $QIDQJ GHV $XJXVW MHGRFK NHKUWHQ %XGGHQEURRNV ZLH GLH
PHLVWHQ DQGHUHQ )DPLOLHQ LQ GLH 6WDGW ]XUFN XQG GDQQ NDP GHU
JUR‰H $XJHQEOLFN ZR IDVW JOHLFK]HLWLJ 3DVWRU 7LEXUWLXV YRQ
5X‰ODQGXQGGLH$UQROGVHQVYRQ+ROODQGKHU]XOlQJHUHP%HVXFKH
LQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HHLQWUDIHQ


(V ZDU HLQH VHKU VFK|QH 6]HQH DOV GHU .RQVXO ]XP HUVWHQ 0DOH
VHLQH%UDXWLQV/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHUXQG]XVHLQHU0XWWHUIKUWHGLH
LKU PLW DXVJHEUHLWHWHQ $UPHQ GHQ .RSI ]XU 6HLWH JHQHLJW
HQWJHJHQNDP *HUGD GLH PLW IUHLHU XQG VWRO]HU $QPXW DXI GHP
KHOOHQ 7HSSLFK GDKLQVFKULWW ZDU KRFK XQG SSLJ JHZDFKVHQ 0LW
LKUHPVFKZHUHQGXQNHOURWHQ+DDULKUHQQDKHEHLHLQDQGHUOLHJHQGHQ
EUDXQHQ YRQ IHLQHQ EOlXOLFKHQ 6FKDWWHQ XPODJHUWHQ $XJHQ LKUHQ
EUHLWHQ VFKLPPHUQGHQ =lKQHQ GLH VLH OlFKHOQG ]HLJWH LKUHU
JHUDGHQVWDUNHQ1DVHXQGLKUHPZXQGHUYROOHGHOJHIRUPWHQ0XQGH
ZDU GLHVHV VLHEHQXQG]ZDQ]LJMlKULJH 0lGFKHQ YRQ HLQHU HOHJDQWHQ
IUHPGDUWLJHQIHVVHOQGHQXQGUlWVHOKDIWHQ6FK|QKHLW,KU*HVLFKWZDU
PDWWZHL‰XQGHLQZHQLJKRFKPWLJDEHUVLHQHLJWHHVGHQQRFKDOV
GLH.RQVXOLQLKU+DXSWPLWVDQIWHU,QQLJNHLW]ZLVFKHQEHLGH+lQGH
QDKPXQGLKUGLHVFKQHHLJHPDNHOORVH6WLUQN‰WH«ª-DQXQKHL‰H
LFK GLFK ZLOONRPPHQ LQ XQVHUHP +DXVH XQG XQVHUHU )DPLOLH GX
OLHEHVFK|QHJHVHJQHWH7RFKWHU©VDJWHVLHª'XZLUVWLKQJOFNOLFK
PDFKHQ« VHKH LFK HV QLFKW VFKRQ ZLH JOFNOLFK GX LKQ PDFKVW"©
8QGVLH]RJPLWGHPUHFKWHQ$UPH7KRPDVKHUEHLXPLKQHEHQIDOOV
]XNVVHQ
1LHPDOVK|FKVWHQVYLHOOHLFKW]X*UR‰YDWHUV=HLWHQZDUHVKHLWHUHU
XQG JHVHOOLJHU ]XJHJDQJHQ LQ GHP JUR‰HQ +DXVH GDV PLW
/HLFKWLJNHLW GLH *lVWH DXIQDKP 1XU 3DVWRU 7LEXUWLXV KDWWH DXV
%HVFKHLGHQKHLWVLFKLP5FNJHElXGHEHLP%LOODUGVDDOHHLQ=LPPHU
HUZlKOW GLH EULJHQ +HUU $UQROGVHQ HLQ EHZHJOLFKHU ZLW]LJHU
0DQQ DP (QGH GHU )QI]LJHU PLW JUDXHP 6SLW]EDUW XQG HLQHP
OLHEHQVZUGLJHQ(ODQLQMHGHU%HZHJXQJVHLQHlOWHUH7RFKWHUHLQH
OHLGHQG DXVVHKHQGH 'DPH VHLQ 6FKZLHJHUVRKQ HLQ HOHJDQWHU
/HEHPDQQ GHU VLFK YRQ &KULVWLDQ LQ GHU 6WDGW XPKHU XQG LQ GHQ
.OXE IXKUHQ OLH‰ XQG *HUGD YHUWHLOWHQ VLFK LQ GHQ EHUIOVVLJHQ
5lXPHQ]XHEHQHU(UGHEHLGHU6lXOHQKDOOHLPHUVWHQ6WRFN«
$QWRQLH *UQOLFK ZDU IURK GD‰ 6LHYHUW 7LEXUWLXV ]XU =HLW GHU
HLQ]LJH*HLVWOLFKHLPHOWHUOLFKHQ+DXVHZDU«VLHZDUPHKUDOVIURK
'LH 9HUOREXQJ LKUHV YHUHKUWHQ %UXGHUV GLH 7DWVDFKH GD‰
DXVJHPDFKW LKUH )UHXQGLQ *HUGD GLH (UZlKOWH ZDU GDV *OlQ]HQGH
GLHVHU 3DUWLH GLH GHQ )DPLOLHQQDPHQ XQG GLH )LUPD PLW QHXHP
6FKLPPHU EHVWUDKOWH GLH  .XUDQWPDUN 0LWJLIW YRQ GHU VLH
KDWWH PXQNHOQ K|UHQ GHU *HGDQNH ZDV GLH 6WDGW ZDV GLH DQGHUHQ


)DPLOLHQ ZDV LP EHVRQGHUHQ +DJHQVWU|PV GD]X VDJHQ ZUGHQ«
GDVDOOHVWUXJGD]XEHLVLHLQHLQHQ=XVWDQGEHVWlQGLJHU(QW]FNXQJ
]X YHUVHW]HQ 'UHLPDO VWQGOLFK ]XP ZHQLJVWHQ XPDUPWH VLH LKUH
]XNQIWLJH 6FKZlJHULQ PLW /HLGHQVFKDIW« ª2K *HUGD© ULHI VLH
ª,FKOLHEHGLFKZHL‰WGXLFKKDEHGLFKLPPHUJHOLHEW,FKZHL‰MD
GXNDQQVWPLFKQLFKWOHLGHQGXKDVWPLFKLPPHUJHKD‰WDEHU«©
ª$EHULFKELWWHGLFK7RQ\©VDJWH)UlXOHLQ$UQROGVHQª:LHVROOWH
LFKZRKOGD]XJHNRPPHQVHLQGLFK]XKDVVHQ"'DUILFKIUDJHQZDV
GXPLUHLJHQWOLFK*UHXOLFKHVDQJHWDQKDVW"©
$XV LUJHQGZHOFKHQ *UQGHQ MHGRFK ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK JDQ] DOOHLQ
DXV EHUPl‰LJHU )UHXGH XQG EOR‰HU /XVW DP 5HGHQ EHKDUUWH 7RQ\
VW|UULVFK GDEHL GD‰ *HUGD VLH LPPHU JHKD‰W KDEH GD‰ VLH DEHU
LKUHUVHLWVXQGLKUH$XJHQIOOWHQVLFKPLW7UlQHQGLHVHQ+D‰VWHWV
PLW /LHEH YHUJROWHQ KDEH +LHUDXI QDKP VLH 7KRPDV EHLVHLWH XQG
VDJWH]XLKP ª'DVKDVWGXJXWJHPDFKW7RPR*RWWZLHKDVW GX
GDVJXWJHPDFKW1HLQGD‰9DWHUGLHVQLFKWPHKUHUOHEW«HVLVW]XP
+HXOHQ ZHL‰W GX -D KLHUPLW ZLUG PDQFKHV DXVJHZHW]W« QLFKW
]XOHW]W GLH 6DFKH PLW MHQHU 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW GHUHQ 1DPHQ LFK QLFKW
JHUQ LQ GHQ 0XQG QHKPH«© :RUDXI HV LKU HLQILHO *HUGD LQ HLQ
OHHUHV=LPPHU]X]LHKHQXQGLKULKUHJDQ]H(KHPLW%HQGL[*UQOLFK
LQ IUFKWHUOLFKHU $XVIKUOLFKNHLW ]X HU]lKOHQ $XFK SODXGHUWH VLH
ODQJH 6WXQGHQ PLW LKU YRQ GHU 3HQVLRQV]HLW YRQ LKUHQ DEHQGOLFKHQ
*HVSUlFKHQGDPDOVYRQ$UPJDUGYRQ6FKLOOLQJLQ0HFNOHQEXUJXQG
(YD (ZHUV LQ 0QFKHQ« 8P 6LHYHUW 7LEXUWLXV XQG VHLQH
9HUOREXQJPLW&ODUDEHNPPHUWHVLHVLFKEHLQDKHJDUQLFKWDEHUGLH
EHLGHQWUDFKWHWHQDXFKQLFKWGDQDFK6LHVD‰HQPHLVWVWLOOH+DQG LQ
+DQGXQGVSUDFKHQVDQIWXQGHUQVWYRQHLQHUVFK|QHQ=XNXQIW
'D GDV 7UDXHUMDKU GHU %XGGHQEURRNV QRFK QLFKW DEJHODXIHQ ZDU
VR ZXUGHQ GLH EHLGHQ 9HUOREXQJHQ QXU LQ GHU )DPLOLH JHIHLHUW
*HUGD $UQROGVHQ DEHU ZDU GHQQRFK UDVFK JHQXJ EHUKPW LQ GHU
6WDGWMDLKUH3HUVRQELOGHWHGHQKDXSWVlFKOLFKHQ*HVSUlFKVVWRIIDQ
GHU%|UVHLP.OXELP6WDGWWKHDWHULQ *HVHOOVFKDIW« ª7LSSWRSS©
VDJWHQGLH6XLWLHUVXQGVFKQDO]WHQPLWGHU=XQJHGHQQGDVZDUGHU
QHXHVWH KDPEXUJLVFKH $XVGUXFN IU HWZDV DXVHUOHVHQ )HLQHV
KDQGHOWH HV VLFK QXQ XP HLQH 5RWZHLQPDUNH XP HLQH =LJDUUH XP
HLQ 'LQHU RGHU XP JHVFKlIWOLFKH ¾%RQLWlW½ $EHU XQWHU GHQ VROLGHQ
ELHGHUHQ XQG HKUHQIHVWHQ %UJHUQ ZDUHQ YLHOH GLH GHQ .RSI


VFKWWHOWHQ« ª6RQGHUEDU« GLHVH 7RLOHWWHQ GLHVHV +DDU GLHVH
+DOWXQJ GLHVHV *HVLFKW« HLQ EL‰FKHQ UHLFKOLFK VRQGHUEDU©
.DXIPDQQ 6|UHQVRQ GUFNWH HV DXV ª6LH KDW HLQ EL‰FKHQ ZDV
*HZLVVHV«© XQG GDEHL ZDQG HU VLFK XQG PDFKWH HLQ NUDXVHV
*HVLFKW ZLH ZHQQ LKP DQ GHU %|UVH HLQH IDXOH 2IIHUWH JHPDFKW
ZXUGH$EHUHVZDU.RQVXO%XGGHQEURRN«HVVDKLKPlKQOLFK(LQ
EL‰FKHQ SUlWHQWL|V GLHVHU 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN HLQ EL‰FKHQ«
DQGHUVDQGHUVDXFKDOVVHLQH9RUIDKUHQ0DQZX‰WHEHVRQGHUVGHU
7XFKKlQGOHU %HQWKLHQ ZX‰WH HV GD‰ HU QLFKW QXU VHLQH VlPWOLFKHQ
IHLQHQ XQG QHXPRGLVFKHQ .OHLGXQJVVWFNH  XQG HU EHVD‰ GHUHQ
XQJHZ|KQOLFK YLHOH 3DUGHVVXV 5|FNH +WH :HVWHQ %HLQNOHLGHU
XQG .UDZDWWHQ  MD DXFK VHLQH :lVFKH DXV +DPEXUJ EH]RJ 0DQ
ZX‰WHVRJDU GD‰HUWDJWlJOLFK PDQFKPDO VRJDU ]ZHLPDO DP 7DJH
GDV +HPG ZHFKVHOWH XQG VLFK GDV 7DVFKHQWXFK XQG GHQ i OD
1DSROHRQ DXVJH]RJHQHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW SDUIPLHUWH 8QG GDV DOOHV WDW
HUQLFKWGHU)LUPDXQGGHU5HSUlVHQWDWLRQ]XOLHEHGDV+DXV-RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRNKDWWHGDVQLFKWQ|WLJVRQGHUQDXVHLQHUSHUV|QOLFKHQ
1HLJXQJ ]XP 6XSHUIHLQHQ XQG $ULVWRNUDWLVFKHQ« ZLH VROOWH PDQ
GDVDXVGUFNHQ7HXIHOQRFKPDO8QGGDQQGLHVH=LWDWHDXV+HLQH
XQG DQGHUHQ 'LFKWHUQ GLH HU PDQFKPDO EHL GHQ SUDNWLVFKVWHQ
*HOHJHQKHLWHQ EHL JHVFKlIWOLFKHQ RGHU VWlGWLVFKHQ )UDJHQ LQ VHLQH
5HGH HLQIOLH‰HQ OLH‰« 8QG QXQ GLHVH )UDX« 1HLQ DXFK DQ LKP
VHOEVW DQ .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN ZDU ªHLQ EL‰FKHQ ZDV *HZLVVHV© 
ZDV VHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFK PLW MHGHUOHL 5HVSHNW EHPHUNW ZHUGHQ VROOWH
GHQQGLH)DPLOLHZDUKRFKDFKWEDUXQGGLH)LUPDZDUYRQK|FKVWHU
%RQLWlWXQGGHU&KHIZDUHLQJHVFKHLWHUOLHEHQVZUGLJHU0DQQGHU
GLH6WDGWOLHEWHXQGLKUVLFKHUQRFKHUIROJUHLFKGLHQHQZUGH«8QG
HV ZDU MD DXFK HLQH K|OOLVFK IHLQH 3DUWLH PDQ VSUDFK YRQ UXQG
7DOHUQ.XUDQW«,QGHVVHQ«8QGXQWHUGHQ'DPHQEHIDQGHQ
VLFK PDQFKH GLH *HUGD $UQROGVHQ JDQ] HLQIDFK ¾DOEHUQ½ IDQGHQ
ZREHLGDUDQ]XHULQQHUQLVWGD‰¾DOEHUQ½HLQHQVHKUKDUWHQ$XVGUXFN
GHU9HUXUWHLOXQJEHGHXWHWH
:HUDEHUVHLWGHPHUVLH]XPHUVWHQ0DOHDXIGHU6WUD‰HHUVFKDXW
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRNV %UDXW PLW HLQHU LQJULPPLJHQ %HJHLVWHUXQJ
YHUHKUWHGDVZDUGHU0DNOHU*|VFKª+D©VDJWHHULP.OXERGHULQ
GHU¾6FKLIIHUJHVHOOVFKDIW½LQGHPHUVHLQ3XQVFKJODVHPSRUKLHOWXQG
VHLQ,QWULJDQWHQJHVLFKWLQJUHXOLFKHU0LPLNYHU]HUUWHǻ:HOFKHLQ


:HLEPHLQH+HUUHQ+HUHXQG$SKURGLWH%UXQKLOGHXQG0HOXVLQH
LQ HLQHU 3HUVRQ« +D GDV /HEHQ LVW GRFK VFK|Q© IJWH HU
XQYHUPLWWHOW KLQ]X XQG NHLQHU GHU %UJHU GLH XP LKQ KHU DXI GHQ
VFKZHUHQ JHVFKQLW]WHQ +RO]ElQNHQ GHV DOWHQ 6FKLIIHUKDXVHV XQWHU
GHQ 6HJOHUPRGHOOHQ XQG JUR‰HQ )LVFKHQ GLH YRQ GHU 'HFNH
KHUDEKLQJHQ VD‰HQ XQG LKUHQ 6FKRSSHQ WUDQNHQ NHLQHU YHUVWDQG
ZHOFKHV (UHLJQLV GDV (UVFKHLQHQ *HUGD $UQROGVHQV LQ GHP
EHVFKHLGHQHQXQGQDFK$X‰HURUGHQWOLFKHPVHKQVFKWLJHQ/HEHQGHV
0DNOHUV*|VFKEHGHXWHWH«
1LFKWYHUSIOLFKWHWZLHJHVDJW]XJU|‰HUHQ)HVWOLFKNHLWHQKDWWHGLH
NOHLQH*HVHOOVFKDIWLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HGHVWREHVVHUH0X‰HYHUWUDXW
PLWHLQDQGHU ]X ZHUGHQ 6LHYHUW 7LEXUWLXV HU]lKOWH &ODUD¶V +DQG LQ
GHU VHLQHQ YRQ VHLQHQ (OWHUQ VHLQHU -XJHQG XQG VHLQHQ
=XNXQIWVSOlQHQ GLH $UQROGVHQV HU]lKOWHQ YRQ LKUHP 6WDPPEDXP
GHULQ'UHVGHQ]X+DXVHZDUXQGYRQGHPQXUGLHVHUHLQH=ZHLJLQ
GLH1LHGHUODQGHYHUSIODQ]WZRUGHQVHLXQGGDQQYHUODQJWH0DGDPH
*UQOLFK QDFK GHP 6FKOVVHO ]XP 6HNUHWlU LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU
XQGVFKOHSSWHHUQVWKDIWGLH0DSSHPLWGHQ)DPLOLHQSDSLHUHQKHUEHL
LQGHQHQ7KRPDVDXFKGLHQHXHVWHQ'DWHQEHUHLWVYHUPHUNWKDWWH6LH
NQGHWHPLW:LFKWLJNHLWYRQGHU*HVFKLFKWHGHU%XGGHQEURRNVYRQ
GHP *HZDQGVFKQHLGHU ]X 5RVWRFN DQ GHU VLFK EHUHLWV VR VHKU JXW
JHVWDQGHQVLHODVDOWH)HVWJHGLFKWHYRU
7FKWLJNHLWXQG]FKW¶JH6FK|QH6LFKYRUXQVUHP %OLFN YHUEDQG
9HQXV $QDG\RPHQH 8QG 9XOFDQL IOHL‰¶JH +DQG« ZREHL VLH 7RP
XQG*HUGDDQEOLQ]HOWHXQGGLH=XQJHDQGHU2EHUOLSSHVSLHOHQOLH‰
XQG DXV $FKWXQJ YRU GHU +LVWRULH EHUJLQJ VLH NHLQHVZHJV GDV
(LQJUHLIHQ LQ GLH )DPLOLHQJHVFKLFKWH YRQ 6HLWHQ HLQHU
3HUV|QOLFKNHLWGHUHQ1DPHQVLHHLJHQWOLFKQLFKWJHUQLQ GHQ 0XQG
QDKP«
'RQQHUVWDJVXPYLHU8KUDEHUNDPHQGLHJHZRKQWHQ*lVWH-XVWXV
.U|JHU NDP PLW VHLQHU VFKZDFKHQ *DWWLQ PLW GHU HU VHKU LQ
8QIULHGHQOHEWHZHLOVLHVHOEVWQDFK$PHULNDQRFKGHPXQJHUDWHQHQ
XQG HQWHUEWHQ -DNRE *HOG EHU *HOG VDQGWH« VLH HUVSDUWH HV JDQ]
HLQIDFK YRP :LUWVFKDIWVJHOGH XQG D‰ PLW LKUHP 0DQQH EHLQDKH
QLFKWV DOV %XFKZHL]HQJUW]H GD ZDU QLFKWV ]X PDFKHQ (V NDPHQ
GLH'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNDXVGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HGLHGHQQGRFKGHU
:DKUKHLWGLH(KUHJHEHQXQGIHVWVWHOOHQPX‰WHQGD‰(ULND*UQOLFK


ZLHGHUQLFKW]XJHQRPPHQKDEHGD‰VLHLKUHP9DWHUGHP%HWUJHU
QRFK lKQOLFKHU JHZRUGHQ VHL XQG GD‰ GHV .RQVXOV %UDXW HLQH
]LHPOLFK DXIIlOOLJH )ULVXU WUDJH« 8QG DXFK 6HVHPL :HLFKEURGW
NDP VWHOOWH VLFK DXI GLH =HKHQVSLW]HQ N‰WH *HUGD PLW OHLVH
NQDOOHQGHP*HUlXVFKDXIGLH6WLUQXQGVDJWHEHZHJWª6HLJO|FNOLFK
GXJXWHV.HQG©
'DQQVSUDFKEHL7LVFKH+HUU$UQROGVHQHLQHQVHLQHUZLW]LJHQXQG
SKDQWDVLHYROOHQ 7RDVWH ]X (KUHQ GHU %UDXWSDDUH XQG KHUQDFK
ZlKUHQG PDQ GHQ .DIIHH QDKP VSLHOWH HU GLH *HLJH ZLH HLQ
=LJHXQHUPLWHLQHU:LOGKHLWHLQHU/HLGHQVFKDIWHLQHU)HUWLJNHLW«
DEHUDXFK*HUGDKROWHLKUH6WUDGLYDULKHUEHLYRQGHUVLHVLFKQLHPDOV
WUHQQWH XQG JULII PLW LKUHU V‰HQ &DQWLOHQH LQ VHLQH 3DVVDJHQ HLQ
XQG VLH VSLHOWHQ SRPS|VH 'XRV LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU EHLP
+DUPRQLXP DQ GHUVHOEHQ 6WHOOH ZR HLQVWPDOV GHV .RQVXOV
*UR‰YDWHU VHLQH NOHLQHQ VLQQLJHQ 0HORGLHQ DXI GHU )O|WH JHEODVHQ
KDWWH
ª(UKDEHQ© VDJWH 7RQ\ GLH ZHLW ]XUFNJHEHXJW LQ LKUHP
/HKQVHVVHO VD‰« ª2 *RWW ZLH ILQGH LFK HV HUKDEHQ© 8QG HUQVW
ODQJVDPXQGJHZLFKWLJPLWDXIZlUWVJHULFKWHWHQ$XJHQIXKUVLHIRUW
LKUH OHEKDIWHQ XQG DXIULFKWLJHQ (PSILQGXQJHQ DXV]XGUFNHQ«
ª1HLQ ZL‰W LKU ZLH HV LP /HEHQ VR JHKW« QLFKW MHGHP ZLUG MD
LPPHU HLQH VROFKH *DEH ]XWHLO 0LU KDW GHU +LPPHO GHUJOHLFKHQ
YHUVDJW ZL‰W LKU REJOHLFK LFK LKQ LQ PDQFKHU 1DFKW GDUXP
DQJHIOHKW« ,FK ELQ HLQH *DQV HLQ GXPPHV 'LQJ« -D *HUGD OD‰
GLUVDJHQ«LFKELQGLHlOWHUHXQGKDEHGDV/HEHQNHQQHQJHOHUQW«
'XVROOWHVWWlJOLFKGHLQHP6FK|SIHUDXIGHQ.QLHQGDIUGDQNHQHLQ
VROFKJRWWEHJQDGLJWHV*HVFK|SI]XVHLQ«©
ª« %HJQDGHWHV© VDJWH *HUGD XQG ]HLJWH ODFKHQG LKUH VFK|QHQ
ZHL‰HQEUHLWHQ=lKQH
6SlWHU DEHU UFNWHQ DOOH ]XVDPPHQ XP JHPHLQVDP EHU GLH
QlFKVWH=XNXQIWGDV1|WLJH]XEHUDWVFKODJHQXQG:HLQJHOHHGD]X]X
HVVHQ $P (QGH GHV 0RQDWV RGHU $QIDQJ 6HSWHPEHU VR ZDUG
EHVFKORVVHQZUGHQ6LHYHUW7LEXUWLXVVRZRKOZLH$UQROGVHQVLQGLH
+HLPDW ]XUFNNHKUHQ *OHLFK QDFK GHU :HLKQDFKW VROOWH &ODUD¶V
7UDXXQJ LQ GHU 6lXOHQKDOOH PLW DOOHP $XIZDQG JHIHLHUW ZHUGHQ
ZlKUHQG GLH +RFK]HLW LQ $PVWHUGDP GHU ªEHL /HEHQ XQG
*HVXQGKHLW© DXFK GLH .RQVXOLQ EHL]XZRKQHQ JHGDFKWH ELV ]XP


%HJLQQ GHV QlFKVWHQ -DKUHV YHUVFKREHQ ZHUGHQ PX‰WH GDPLW HLQH
5XKHSDXVH YRUKHUJLQJH (V KDOI QLFKWV GD‰ 7KRPDV VLFK
ZLGHUVHW]WH ª%LWWH© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ XQG OHJWH GLH +DQG DXI
VHLQHQ$UP«ª6LHYHUWKDWGDVSUHYHQLU©
'HU 3DVWRU XQG VHLQH %UDXW YHU]LFKWHWHQ DXI HLQH +RFK]HLWVUHLVH
*HUGD XQG 7KRPDV DEHU ZXUGHQ VLFK HLQLJ EHU HLQH 5RXWH GXUFK
2EHULWDOLHQ QDFK )ORUHQ] 6LH ZUGHQ HWZD ]ZHL 0RQDWH DEZHVHQG
VHLQXQWHUGHVVHQDEHUVROOWH$QWRQLH]XVDPPHQPLWGHP7DSH]LHUHU
-DFREVDXVGHU)LVFKVWUD‰HGDVKEVFKHNOHLQH+DXVLQGHU %UHLWHQ
6WUD‰H EHUHLWPDFKHQ GDV HLQHP QDFK +DPEXUJ YHU]RJHQHQ
-XQJJHVHOOHQJHK|UWHXQGGHVVHQ$QNDXIGHU.RQVXOEHUHLWVEHWULHE
2K7RQ\ZUGHGDVVFKRQ]XU=XIULHGHQKHLWDXVIKUHQª,KUVROOWHV
YRUQHKPKDEHQ©VDJWHVLHXQGGDYRQZDUHQDOOHEHU]HXJW
&KULVWLDQ DEHU JLQJ PLW VHLQHQ GQQHQ JHERJHQHQ %HLQHQ XQG
VHLQHU JUR‰HQ 1DVH LQ GLHVHP =LPPHU XPKHU LQ GHP ]ZHL
%UDXWSDDUH VLFK DQ GHQ +lQGHQ KLHOWHQ XQG LQ GHP YRQ QLFKWV
DQGHUHPDOVYRQ7UDXXQJ$XVVWHXHUXQG +RFK]HLWVUHLVHQ GLH 5HGH
ZDU(UHPSIDQGHLQH4XDOHLQHXQEHVWLPPWH4XDOLQVHLQHPOLQNHQ
%HLQ XQG VDK DOOH DXV VHLQHQ NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ
HUQVW XQUXKLJ XQG QDFKGHQNOLFK DQ 6FKOLH‰OLFK VDJWH HU LQ GHU
$XVVSUDFKH0DUFHOOXV6WHQJHOV]XVHLQHUDUPHQ&RXVLQHGLHlOWOLFK
VWLOO GUU XQG VHOEVW QDFK 7LVFKH QRFK KXQJULJ LQPLWWHQ GHU
*OFNOLFKHQ VD‰ ª1D 7KLOGD QXQ KHLUDWHQ ZLU DXFK EDOG GDV
KHL‰W«MHGHUIUVLFK©

1HXQWHV.DSLWHO

8QJHIlKU VLHEHQ 0RQDWH VSlWHU NHKUWH .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN PLW


VHLQHU *DWWLQ DXV ,WDOLHQ ]XUFN 0lU]VFKQHH ODJ LQ GHU %UHLWHQ
6WUD‰HDOVIQI8KUQDFKPLWWDJVGLH'URVFKNHDQGHUVFKOLFKWHQPLW
gOIDUEHJHVWULFKHQHQ)DVVDGHLKUHV+DXVHVYRUIXKU(LQSDDU.LQGHU
XQG HUZDFKVHQH %UJHU EOLHEHQ VWHKHQ XP GLH $QN|PPOLQJH
DXVVWHLJHQ ]X VHKHQ )UDX $QWRQLH *UQOLFK VWDQG VWRO] DXI GLH
9RUEHUHLWXQJHQ GLH VLH JHWURIIHQ LQ GHU +DXVWU XQG KLQWHU LKU


KLHOWHQ VLFK JOHLFKIDOOV ]XP (PSIDQJH EHUHLW PLW ZHL‰HQ 0W]HQ
QDFNWHQ $UPHQ XQG GLFNHQ JHVWUHLIWHQ 5|FNHQ GLH EHLGHQ
'LHQVWPlGFKHQGLHVLHLKUHU6FKZlJHULQNXQGLJHUZlKOWKDWWH
(LOIHUWLJ XQG HUKLW]W YRQ $UEHLW XQG )UHXGH OLHI VLH GLH IODFKHQ
6WXIHQKLQXQWHUXQG]RJ*HUGDXQG7KRPDVGLHLQLKUHQ3HO]HQGHQ
PLW.RIIHUQEHSDFNWHQ:DJHQYHUOLH‰HQXQWHU8PDUPXQJHQLQGHQ
+DXVIOXUKLQHLQ«ª'DVHLGLKU'DVHLGLKULKU*OFNOLFKHQGLHLKU
VR ZHLW KHUXPJHNRPPHQ VHLG +DEW LKU GDV +DXV JHVHKHQ DXI
6lXOHQ UXKW VHLQ 'DFK"« *HUGD GX ELVW QRFK VFK|QHU JHZRUGHQ
NRPP OD‰ PLFK GLFK NVVHQ« QHLQ DXFK DXI GHQ 0XQG« VR
*XWHQ7DJDOWHU7RPMDGXEHNRPPVWDXFKHLQHQ.X‰0DUFXVKDW
JHVDJW HV VHL KLHU DOOHV VHKU JXW JHJDQJHQ XQWHUGHVVHQ 0XWWHU
HUZDUWHW HXFK LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H DEHU ]XYRU PDFKW LKU HV HXFK
EHTXHP«:ROOWLKU7HHKDEHQ"(LQ%DGQHKPHQ"(VLVWDOOHVEHUHLW
,KU ZHUGHW HXFK QLFKW ]X EHNODJHQ KDEHQ -DFREV KDW VLFK
DQJHVWUHQJWXQGLFKKDEHDXFKJHWDQZDVLFKNRQQWH«©
6LHJLQJHQ]XVDPPHQDXIGHQ9RUSODW]ZlKUHQGGLH0lGFKHQPLW
GHP .XWVFKHU GDV *HSlFN KHUHLQVFKOHSSWHQ 7RQ\ VDJWH ª'LH
=LPPHU KLHU LP 3DUWHUUH ZHUGHW LKU YRUOlXILJ QLFKW YLHO
JHEUDXFKHQ«YRUOlXILJ©ZLHGHUKROWHVLHXQGOLH‰GLH=XQJHQVSLW]H
DQ GHU 2EHUOLSSH VSLHOHQ ª'LHV KLHU LVW KEVFK©  XQG VLH |IIQHWH
JOHLFK UHFKWV EHLP :LQGIDQJ HLQH 7U  ª'D LVW (IHX YRU GHQ
)HQVWHUQ«HLQIDFKH+RO]P|EHO«(LFKH«'RUWKLQWHQMHQVHLWVGHV
.RUULGRUV OLHJW HLQ DQGHUHV JU|‰HUHV +LHU UHFKWV VLQG .FKH XQG
6SHLVHNDPPHU« $EHU ZLU ZROOHQ KLQDXIJHKHQ RK LFK ZLOO HXFK
DOOHV]HLJHQ©
6LH VWLHJHQ DXI GHP EUHLWHQ GXQNHOURWHQ /lXIHU GLH EHTXHPH
7UHSSH HPSRU 'UREHQ KLQWHU HLQHU JOlVHUQHQ (WDJHQWU ZDU HLQ
VFKPDOHU .RUULGRU (V ODJ GDV 6SHLVH]LPPHU GDUDQ PLW HLQHP
VFKZHUHQ UXQGHQ 7LVFK DXI GHP GHU 6DPRZDU NRFKWH XQG
GXQNHOURWHQ GDPDVWDUWLJHQ 7DSHWHQ DQ GHQHQ JHVFKQLW]WH
1X‰KRO]VWKOHPLW5RKUVLW]HQXQGHLQPDVVLYHV%IIHWVWDQGHQ(LQ
EHKDJOLFKHV :RKQ]LPPHU LQ JUDXHP 7XFKH ZDU GD QXU GXUFK
3RUWLHUHQ JHWUHQQW YRQ HLQHP VFKPDOHQ 6DORQ PLW JUQJHVWUHLIWHQ
5LSVIDXWHXLOVXQGHLQHP(UNHU(LQ9LHUWHOGHVJDQ]HQ6WRFNZHUNHV
DEHU QDKP HLQ 6DDO YRQ GUHL )HQVWHUQ HLQ 'DQQ JLQJHQ VLH LQV
6FKODI]LPPHUKLQEHU


(VODJ]XUUHFKWHQ+DQGDP.RUULGRUPLWJHEOPWHQ*DUGLQHQXQG
PlFKWLJHQ 0DKDJRQLEHWWHQ 7RQ\ DEHU JLQJ ]X GHU NOHLQHQ
GXUFKEURFKHQHQ3IRUWHGRUWKLQWHQGUFNWHGLH.OLQNHXQGOHJWHGHQ
=XJDQJ]XHLQHU:HQGHOWUHSSHIUHLGHUHQ:LQGXQJHQLQV6RXWHUUDLQ
KLQDEIKUWHQLQV%DGH]LPPHUXQGGLH0lGFKHQNDPPHUQª+LHULVW
HVKEVFK+LHUZLOOLFKEOHLEHQ©VDJWH*HUGDXQGVDQNDXIDWPHQG
LQGHQ/HKQVHVVHODQHLQHPGHU%HWWHQ
'HU .RQVXO EHXJWH VLFK ]X LKU XQG N‰WH LKU GLH 6WLUQH ª0GH"
$EHU HV LVW ZDKU LFK KDEH DXFK /XVW PLFK HLQ EL‰FKHQ ]X
VlXEHUQ«©
ª8QGLFKZHUGHQDFKGHP7HHZDVVHUVHKHQ©VDJWH)UDX*UQOLFK
ªLFKHUZDUWHHXFKLP(‰]LPPHU«©8QGVLHJLQJGRUWKLQ
'HU 7HH VWDQG GDPSIHQG LQ 0HL‰HQHU 7DVVHQ EHUHLW DOV 7KRPDV
KHUEHUNDPª'DELQLFK©VDJWHHUª*HUGDP|FKWHQRFKHLQHKDOEH
6WXQGH UXKHQ 6LH KDW .RSIVFKPHU]HQ :LU ZROOHQ QDFKKHU LQ GLH
0HQJVWUD‰H« $OOHV ZRKODXI PHLQH OLHEH 7RQ\" 0XWWHU (ULND
&KULVWLDQ"« $EHU QXQ© IXKU HU PLW VHLQHU OLHEHQVZUGLJVWHQ
%HZHJXQJ IRUW ªXQVHUHQ KHU]OLFKVWHQ 'DQN DXFK *HUGD¶V IU DOO
GHLQH 0KHQ GX *XWH :LH KEVFK GX GDV DOOHV JHPDFKW KDVW (V
IHKOW QLFKWV DOV GD‰ PHLQH )UDX HLQ SDDU 3DOPHQ IU LKUHQ (UNHU
EHNRPPWXQGGD‰LFKPLFK QDFK HLQLJHQ EUDXFKEDUHQ gOJHPlOGHQ
XPVHKH« $EHU QXQ HU]lKOH PDO :LH JHKW HV GLU ZDV KDVW GX
JHWULHEHQXQWHUGHVVHQ©
(UKDWWHVHLQHU6FKZHVWHUHLQHQ6WXKO]XVLFKKHUDQJH]RJHQWUDQN
ODQJVDPVHLQHQ7HHXQGD‰HLQ%LVNXLWZlKUHQGVLHVSUDFKHQª$FK
7RP©DQWZRUWHWHVLHª:DVVROOLFKWUHLEHQ"0HLQ/HEHQOLHJWKLQWHU
PLU«©
ª8QVLQQ7RQ\'XPLWGHLQHP/HEHQ«$EHUZLUODQJZHLOHQXQV
ZRKO]LHPOLFKVWDUN"©
ª-D7RPLFKODQJZHLOHPLFKJDQ]XQJHPHLQ0DQFKPDOKHXOHLFK
YRU /DQJHZHLOH 'LH %HVFKlIWLJXQJ PLW GLHVHP +DXVH KDW PLU
)UHXGH JHPDFKW XQG GX JODXEVW QLFKW ZLH JOFNOLFK LFK EHU HXUH
5FNNHKU ELQ« $EHU LFK ELQ QLFKW JHUQ ]X +DXVH ZHL‰W GX *RWW
VWUDIH PLFK ZHQQ GDV HLQH 6QGH LVW ,FK ELQ QXQ LP 'UHL‰LJVWHQ
DEHUGDVLVWQRFKQLFKWGDV$OWHUXPPLWGHUOHW]WHQ+LPPHOVEUJHUQ
RGHUGHQ'DPHQ*HUKDUGWRGHUHLQHPYRQ0XWWHUV'XQNHOPlQQHUQ


GLH GHU :LWZHQ +lXVHU IUHVVHQ %XVHQIUHXQGVFKDIW ]X VFKOLH‰HQ«
,FK JODXEH QLFKW DQ VLH 7RP HV VLQG :|OIH LQ 6FKDIVSHO]HQ«
2WWHUQJH]FKW« :LU VLQG DOOH VFKZDFKH 0HQVFKHQ PLW VQGLJHQ
+HU]HQXQGZHQQVLHPLWOHLGLJDXIPLFKDUPHV:HOWNLQGKHUDEVHKHQ
ZROOHQ VRODFKH LFK VLH DXV ,FK ELQ LPPHU GHU 0HLQXQJ JHZHVHQ
GD‰DOOH0HQVFKHQJOHLFKVLQGXQGGD‰HVNHLQHU0LWWOHUVFKDIWEHGDUI
]ZLVFKHQ XQV XQG GHP OLHEHQ *RWW 'X NHQQVW DXFK PHLQH
SROLWLVFKHQ*UXQGVlW]H,FKZLOOGD‰GHU%UJHU]XP6WDDWH«©
ª$OVRGXIKOVWGLFKHLQZHQLJYHUHLQVDPWZLH"©IUDJWH7KRPDV
XP VLH ZLHGHU DXI GHQ :HJ ]X EULQJHQ ª$EHU K|UH GX KDVW GRFK
(ULND"©
ª7RPXQGLFKOLHEHGDV.LQGYRQ JDQ]HP +HU]HQ REJOHLFK HLQH
JHZLVVH 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW EHKDXSWHWH LFK VHL QLFKW NLQGHUOLHE« $EHU
VLHKVWGX«LFKELQRIIHQ]XGLULFKELQHLQHKUOLFKHV:HLELFKUHGH
ZLH¶VPLUXPV+HU]LVWXQGKDOWHQLFKWVYRP:RUWHPDFKHQ«©
ª:DVVHKUKEVFKYRQGLULVW7RQ\©
ª.XU]GDV7UDXULJHLVWGD‰GDV.LQGPLFKDOO]XVHKUDQ*UQOLFK
HULQQHUW« DXFK %XGGHQEURRNV LQ GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H VDJHQ GD‰ HV
LKPVRVHKUlKQOLFKLVW«8QGGDQQZHQQLFKHVYRUPLUKDEHPX‰
LFK EHVWlQGLJ GHQNHQ 'X ELVW HLQH DOWH )UDX PLW HLQHU JUR‰HQ
7RFKWHU XQG GDV /HEHQ OLHJW KLQWHU GLU 'X KDVW HLQPDO ZlKUHQG
HLQLJHU -DKUH GDULQJHVWDQGHQ DEHU QXQ NDQQVW GX VLHEHQ]LJ XQG
DFKW]LJ -DKU DOW ZHUGHQ XQG ZLUVW KLHU VLW]HQ EOHLEHQ XQG /HD
*HUKDUGWYRUOHVHQK|UHQ'HU*HGDQNHLVWPLUVRWUDXULJ7RPGD‰
HUPLUKLHULQGHU.HKOHVLW]WXQGGUFNW'HQQLFKHPSILQGHQRFKVR
MXJHQGOLFK ZHL‰W GX XQG LFK VHKQH PLFK GDQDFK QRFK HLQPDO LQV
/HEHQ KLQDXV]XNRPPHQ« 8QG VFKOLH‰OLFK QLFKW EOR‰ LP +DXVH
DXFK LQ GHU JDQ]HQ 6WDGW IKOH LFK PLFK QLFKW JDQ] ZRKO GHQQ GX
PX‰W QLFKW JODXEHQ GD‰ LFK PLW %OLQGKHLW JHVFKODJHQ ELQ IU GLH
9HUKlOWQLVVH LFK ELQ NHLQH *DQV PHKU XQG KDEH PHLQH $XJHQ LP
.RSIH ,FK ELQ HLQH JHVFKLHGHQH )UDX XQG EHNRPPH HV ]X IKOHQ
GDV LVW VHKU NODU 'X NDQQVW PLU JODXEHQ 7RP GD‰ HV PLU LPPHU
VFKZHU DXI GHP +HU]HQ OLHJW XQVHUHQ 1DPHQ ZHQQ DXFK RKQH
HLJHQH 6FKXOGVR EHIOHFNW ]X KDEHQ 'X NDQQVWWXQ ZDV GX ZLOOVW
GXNDQQVW*HOGYHUGLHQHQXQGGHUHUVWH0DQQLQGHU6WDGWZHUGHQ
GLH /HXWH ZHUGHQ LPPHU QRFK VDJHQ ¾-D« VHLQH 6FKZHVWHU LVW
EULJHQV HLQH JHVFKLHGHQH )UDX½ -XOFKHQ 0|OOHQGRUSI JHERUHQH


+DJHQVWU|PJU‰WPLFKQLFKW«QXQVLHLVWHLQH*DQV$EHUVRJHKW
HV EHL DOOHQ )DPLOLHQ« 8QG GRFK LFK NDQQ GLH +RIIQXQJ QLFKW
DXIJHEHQ7RPGD‰DOOHVQRFKZLHGHUJXW]XPDFKHQLVW,FKELQQRFK
MXQJ« %LQLFK QLFKW QRFK ]LHPOLFK KEVFK" 0DPD NDQQ PLU QLFKW
PHKU YLHO PLWJHEHQ DEHU HV LVW LPPHUKLQ HLQ DQQHKPEDUHV 6WFN
*HOG:HQQLFKPLFKZLHGHUYHUKHLUDWHWH"2IIHQJHVWDQGHQ7RPHV
LVW PHLQ OHEKDIWHVWHU :XQVFK 'DPLW ZlUH DOOHV LQ 2UGQXQJ GHU
)OHFN ZlUH DXVJHO|VFKW«2 *RWW ZHQQ LFK HLQH XQVHUHV 1DPHQV
ZUGLJH3DUWLHPDFKHQPLFKZLHGHUHLQULFKWHQN|QQWH*ODXEVWGX
GD‰HVVRY|OOLJDXVJHVFKORVVHQLVW"©
ª%HZDKUH 7RQ\ 2K NHLQHVZHJV ,FK KDEH QLHPDOV DXIJHK|UW
GDPLW]XUHFKQHQ$EHUYRUDOOHPVFKHLQWHVPLUQ|WLJGD‰GX PDO
HLQ EL‰FKHQ KLQDXVNRPPVW GLFK HLQ ZHQLJ DXIPXQWHUVW
$EZHFKVOXQJKDVW«©
ª'DV LVW HV HEHQ© VDJWH VLH HLIULJ ª1XQ PX‰ LFK GLU PDO HLQH
*HVFKLFKWHHU]lKOHQ©
6HKUEHIULHGLJWYRQGLHVHP9RUVFKODJHOHKQWHVLFK7KRPDV]XUFN
(U ZDU VFKRQ EHL GHU ]ZHLWHQ =LJDUHWWH 'LH 'lPPHUXQJ EHJDQQ
YRU]XVFKUHLWHQª$OVRZlKUHQGHXUHU$EZHVHQKHLWKlWWHLFKEHLQDKH
HLQH 6WHOOH DQJHQRPPHQ HLQH 6WHOOH DOV *HVHOOVFKDIWHULQ LQ
/LYHUSRRO +lWWHVW GX HV HPS|UHQG JHIXQGHQ"« $EHU LPPHUKLQ
HWZDV IUDJZUGLJ"« -D MD HV ZlUH ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK XQZUGLJ
JHZHVHQ$EHUHVZDUPHLQVRGULQJHQGHU:XQVFKIRUW]XNRPPHQ«
.XU] HV KDW VLFK ]HUVFKODJHQ ,FK VFKLFNWH GHU 0LVVLV PHLQH
3KRWRJUDSKLHXQGVLHPX‰WHDXIPHLQH'LHQVWHYHU]LFKWHQZHLOLFK
]XKEVFKVHLHVVHL HLQ HUZDFKVHQHU 6RKQLP +DXVH ¾6LH VLQG ]X
KEVFK½VFKULHEVLH«KDLFKKDEHPLFKQLHPDOVVRDPVLHUW©
'LH EHLGHQ ODFKWHQ VHKU KHU]OLFK ª$EHU QXQ KDEH LFK HWZDV
DQGHUHVLQ$XVVLFKWJHQRPPHQ©IXKU7RQ\IRUWª,FKELQHLQJHODGHQ
ZRUGHQ HLQJHODGHQ QDFK 0QFKHQ YRQ (YD (ZHUV« MD VLH KHL‰W
EULJHQV QXQ (YD 1LHGHUSDXU XQG LKU 0DQQ LVW %UDXHUHLGLUHNWRU
*HQXJ VLH KDW PLFK JHEHWHQ VLH ]X EHVXFKHQ XQG LFK GHQNH
GHPQlFKVW YRQ GHU $XIIRUGHUXQJ *HEUDXFK ]X PDFKHQ )UHLOLFK
(ULNDN|QQWHQLFKWPLWJHKHQ,FKZUGHVLH]X6HVHPL:HLFKEURGWLQ
3HQVLRQJHEHQ'RUWZlUHVLHDXVJH]HLFKQHWDXIJHKREHQ+lWWHVWGX
HWZDVGDJHJHQHLQ]XZHQGHQ"©


ª*DUQLFKWV-HGHQIDOOVLVWHVQ|WLJGD‰GXHLQPDOZLHGHULQQHXH
9HUKlOWQLVVHNRPPVW©
ª-DGDVLVWHV©VDJWHVLHGDQNEDUª$EHUQXQGX7RP,FKVSUHFKH
EHVWlQGLJYRQPLULFKELQHLQHLJHQQW]LJHV:HLE1XQHU]lKOHGX
2*RWWZLHJOFNOLFKGXVHLQPX‰W©
ª-D 7RQ\© VDJWH HU QDFKGUFNOLFK (V HQWVWDQG HLQH 3DXVH (U
DWPHWHGHQ5DXFKEHUGHQ7LVFKKLQEHUXQGIXKUIRUWª=XQlFKVW
ELQ LFK VHKU IURK YHUKHLUDWHW ]X VHLQ XQG HLQHQ HLJHQHQ +DXVVWDQG
EHJUQGHW]XKDEHQ'XNHQQVWPLFKLFKKlWWHVFKOHFKW]XP*DUFRQ
JHWDXJW $OOHV -XQJJHVHOOHQWXP KDW HLQHQ %HLJHVFKPDFN YRQ
,VROLHUWKHLWXQG%XPPHOHLXQGLFKEHVLW]H HLQLJHQ (KUJHL] ZLH GX
ZHL‰W,FKKDOWHPHLQH.DUULHUHZHGHUJHVFKlIWOLFKQRFKVDJHQZLU
VFKHU]HVKDOEHU SROLWLVFK IU EHHQGLJW« DEHU GDV UHFKWH 9HUWUDXHQ
GHU:HOWJHZLQQW PDQ HUVW ZHQQ PDQ +DXVKHUU XQG )DPLOLHQYDWHU
LVW 'HQQRFK KDW HV DQ HLQHP +DDUH JHKDQJHQ 7RQ\« ,FK ELQ HLQ
EL‰FKHQ ZlKOHULVFK ,FK KDEH HV ODQJH =HLW QLFKW IU P|JOLFK
JHKDOWHQ DXI GHU :HOW HLQH 3DVVHQGH ]X ILQGHQ $EHU *HUGD¶V
$QEOLFNJDEGHQ $XVVFKODJ ,FK VDK VRIRUW GD‰VLH GLH HLQ]LJH VHL
DXVJHPDFKWVLH«REJOHLFKLFKZHL‰GD‰YLHOH/HXWHLQGHU6WDGWPLU
E|VH VLQG RE PHLQHV *HVFKPDFNV 6LH LVWHLQ ZXQGHUYROOHV :HVHQ
ZLHHVGHUHQVLFKHUZHQLJHJLEWDXI(UGHQ)UHLOLFKLVWVLHVHKUDQGHUV
DOV GX 7RQ\ 'X ELVW HLQIDFKHU YRQ *HPW GX ELVW DXFK
QDWUOLFKHU« 0HLQH )UDX 6FKZHVWHU LVW JDQ] HLQIDFK
WHPSHUDPHQWYROOHU© IXKU HU IRUW LQGHP HU SO|W]OLFK ]X HLQHP
OHLFKWHUHQ7RQHEHUJLQJª'D‰EULJHQVDXFK*HUGD7HPSHUDPHQW
EHVLW]W GDV EHZHLVW ZDKUKDIWLJ LKU *HLJHQVSLHO DEHU VLH NDQQ
PDQFKPDOHLQEL‰FKHQNDOWVHLQ«.XU]HVLVWQLFKWGHUJHZ|KQOLFKH
0D‰VWDEDQVLH]XOHJHQ6LHLVWHLQH.QVWOHUQDWXUHLQHLJHQDUWLJHV
UlWVHOKDIWHVHQW]FNHQGHV*HVFK|SI©
ª-DMD©VDJWH7RQ\6LHKDWWHLKUHP%UXGHUHUQVWXQGDXIPHUNVDP
]XJHK|UW 2KQH DQ GLH /DPSH ]X GHQNHQ KDWWHQ VLH GHQ $EHQG
KHUHLQEUHFKHQODVVHQ
'D|IIQHWHVLFKGLH.RUULGRUWUXQGYRQGHU'lPPHUXQJXPJHEHQ
VWDQGYRUGHQEHLGHQLQHLQHPIDOWLJKLQDEZDOOHQGHQ+DXVNOHLGHDXV
VFKQHHZHL‰HP 3LNHH HLQH DXIUHFKWH *HVWDOW 'DV VFKZHUH
GXQNHOURWH+DDUXPUDKPWH GDV ZHL‰H *HVLFKW XQGLQ GHQ :LQNHOQ


GHU QDKH EHLHLQDQGHUOLHJHQGHQ EUDXQHQ $XJHQ ODJHQ EOlXOLFKH
6FKDWWHQ
(VZDU*HUGDGLH0XWWHU]XNQIWLJHU%XGGHQEURRNV


6(&+67(57(,/

(UVWHV.DSLWHO

7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN QDKP GDV HUVWH )UKVWFN LQ VHLQHP


KEVFKHQ6SHLVH]LPPHUIDVWLPPHUDOOHLQGHQQVHLQH*DWWLQSIOHJWH
VHKU VSlW GDV 6FKODI]LPPHU ]X YHUODVVHQ GD VLH ZlKUHQG GHV
9RUPLWWDJV RIW HLQHU 0LJUlQH XQG DOOJHPHLQHU 0L‰VWLPPXQJ
XQWHUZRUIHQ ZDU 'HU .RQVXO EHJDE VLFK GDQQ VRIRUW LQ GLH
0HQJVWUD‰H ZR GLH &RPSWRLUV GHU )LUPD YHUEOLHEHQ ZDUHQ QDKP
GDV ]ZHLWH )UKVWFN LP =ZLVFKHQJHVFKR‰ JHPHLQVDP PLW VHLQHU
0XWWHU&KULVWLDQXQG,GD-XQJPDQQXQGWUDIPLW*HUGDHUVWZLHGHU
XPYLHU8KUEHLP0LWWDJHVVHQ]XVDPPHQ
'DV JHVFKlIWOLFKH 7UHLEHQ EHZDKUWH GHP (UGJHVFKR‰ /HEHQ XQG
%HZHJXQJ GLH 6WRFNZHUNH DEHU GHV JUR‰HQ 0HQJVWUD‰HQKDXVHV
ODJHQ QXQ UHFKW OHHU XQG YHUHLQVDPW GD 'LH NOHLQH (ULND ZDU YRQ
0DGHPRLVHOOH :HLFKEURGW DOV LQWHUQHU =|JOLQJ DXIJHQRPPHQ
ZRUGHQ GLH DUPH .ORWKLOGH KDWWH VLFK PLW LKUHQ YLHU RGHU IQI
0|EHOQ EHL GHU :LWZH HLQHV *\PQDVLDOOHKUHUV HLQHU 'RNWRULQ
.UDXVHPLQ] LQ ZRKOIHLOH 3HQVLRQ EHJHEHQ VHOEVW GHU %HGLHQWH
$QWRQ KDWWH GDV +DXV YHUODVVHQ XP ]X GHQ MXQJHQ +HUUVFKDIWHQ
EHU]XJHKHQZRHUQ|WLJHUZDUXQGZHQQ&KULVWLDQLP.OXEZHLOWH
VRVD‰HQXPYLHU8KUGLH.RQVXOLQXQG0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQDQGHP
UXQGHQ7LVFKLQGHQNHLQ HLQ]LJHV %UHWW PHKU HLQJHODVVHQ ZDU XQG
GHUVLFKLQGHPZHLWHQ6SHLVHWHPSHOPLWVHLQHQ*|WWHUELOGHUQYHUORU
QXQJDQ]DOOHLQEHLHLQDQGHU
0LW GHP 7RGH GHV .RQVXOV -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN ZDU GDV
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH /HEHQ LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H HUORVFKHQ XQG GLH
.RQVXOLQ VDK DEJHVHKHQ YRQ GHP %HVXFKH GLHVHV RGHU MHQHV
*HLVWOLFKHQ NHLQH DQGHUHQ *lVWH PHKU XP VLFK DOV DP 'RQQHUVWDJ
GLH *OLHGHU LKUHU )DPLOLH ,KU 6RKQ DEHU XQG VHLQH *DWWLQ KDWWHQ
EHUHLWV LKU HUVWHV 'LQHU KLQWHU VLFK HLQ 'LQHU EHL GHP LP 6SHLVH
XQG :RKQ]LPPHU JHGHFNW ZRUGHQ ZDU HLQ 'LQHU PLW .RFKIUDX
/RKQGLHQHUQ XQG .LVWHQPDNHU¶VFKHQ :HLQHQ HLQH
0LWWDJVJHVHOOVFKDIWGLHXPIQI8KUEHJRQQHQXQGGHUHQ*HUFKH


XQG *HUlXVFKH XP HOI 8KU QRFK IRUWJHKHUUVFKW KDWWHQ EHL GHU DOOH
/DQJKDOV¶ +DJHQVWU|PV +XQHXV¶ .LVWHQPDNHUV2HYHUGLHFNV XQG
0|OOHQGRUSIV ]XJHJHQ JHZHVHQ ZDUHQ .DXIOHXWH XQG *HOHKUWH
(KHSDDUHXQG6XLWLHUVGLHPLW:KLVWXQGHLQSDDU2KUHQYROO0XVLN
JHVFKORVVHQ KDWWH XQG YRQ GHU PDQ DQ GHU %|UVH QRFK DFKW 7DJH
ODQJLQGHQOHEHQGVWHQ$XVGUFNHQVSUDFK:DKUKDIWLJHVKDWWHVLFK
JH]HLJW GD‰ GLH MXQJH )UDX .RQVXOLQ ]X UHSUlVHQWLHUHQ YHUVWDQG«
'HU .RQVXO KDWWH DQ MHQHP $EHQG DOOHLQ JHEOLHEHQ PLW LKU LQ GHQ
YRQ KLQDEJHEUDQQWHQ .HU]HQ HUOHXFKWHWHQ 5lXPHQ ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ
GXUFKHLQDQGHUJHUFNWHQ 0|EHOQ LQ GHP GLFKWHQ V‰HQ XQG
VFKZHUHQ 'XQVW YRQ IHLQHQ 6SHLVHQ 3DUIPV :HLQHQ .DIIHH
=LJDUUHQ XQG GHQ %OXPHQ GHU 7RLOHWWHQ XQG 7DIHODXIVlW]H LKUH
+lQGHJHGUFNWXQGJHVDJWª6HKUEUDY*HUGD:LUKDEHQXQVQLFKW
]X VFKlPHQ EUDXFKHQ 'HUJOHLFKHQ LVW VHKU ZLFKWLJ« ,FK KDEH JDU
NHLQH /XVW PLFK YLHO PLW %lOOHQ DE]XJHEHQ XQG GLH MXQJHQ /HXWH
KLHUXPKHUVSULQJHQ]XODVVHQGD]XUHLFKWDXFKGHU5DXPQLFKW$EHU
GHQJHVHW]WHQ/HXWHQPX‰HVVFKPHFNHQEHLXQV6RHLQ'LQHUNRVWHW
HLQZHQLJPHKU«DEHUGDVLVWQLFKWEHODQJHOHJW©
ª'X KDVW UHFKW© KDWWH VLH JHDQWZRUWHW XQG GLH 6SLW]HQ JHRUGQHW
GXUFK GLH LKUH %UXVW ZLH 0DUPRU KLQGXUFKVFKLPPHUWH ª$XFK LFK
]LHKH GXUFKDXV GLH 'LQHUV GHQ %lOOHQ YRU (LQ 'LQHU ZLUNW VR
DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK EHUXKLJHQG« ,FK KDWWH KHXWH QDFKPLWWDJ PXVL]LHUW
XQG IKOWH PLFK HLQ ZHQLJ PHUNZUGLJ« -HW]W LVW PHLQ *HKLUQ VR
WRWGD‰KLHUGHU%OLW]HLQVFKODJHQN|QQWHRKQHGD‰LFKEOHLFKRGHU
URWZUGH©
$OVXPKDOE]Z|OI8KUKHXWHGHU.RQVXOVLFKQHEHQVHLQHU0XWWHU
DP )UKVWFNVWLVFKH QLHGHUOLH‰ ODV VLH LKP IROJHQGHQ %ULHI YRU
ª0QFKHQG$SULO$P0DULHQSODW]1U
0HLQHOLHEH0DPD
LFK ELWWH XP 9HU]HLKXQJ GHQQ HV LVW HLQH 6FKDQGH GD‰ LFK QRFK
QLFKWJHVFKULHEHQKDEHZlKUHQGLFKGRFKVFKRQDFKW7DJHKLHUELQ
LFK ELQ ]X VHKU LQ $QVSUXFK JHQRPPHQ ZRUGHQ YRQ DOOHP ZDV HV
KLHU]XVHKHQJLEWDEHUGDYRQVSlWHU1XQIUDJHLFKHUVWHLQPDORE
HV (XFK /LHEHQ 'LU XQG 7RP XQG *HUGD XQG (ULND XQG &KULVWLDQ
XQG7KLOGDXQG,GDXQGDOOHQJXWJHKWGDVLVWGDVZLFKWLJVWH


$FKZDVKDEHLFKLQGLHVHQ7DJHQQLFKW]XVHKHQEHNRPPHQ'D
LVWGLH3LQDNRWKHNXQGGLH*O\SWRWKHNXQGGDV+RIEUlXKDXVXQGGDV
+RIWKHDWHUXQGGLH.LUFKHQXQGYLHOHDQGHUH'LQJH,FKPX‰GDYRQ
PQGOLFK HU]lKOHQ VRQVW VFKUHLEH LFK PLFK WRW $XFK HLQH
:DJHQIDKUWLP,VDUWDOKDEHQZLUVFKRQJHPDFKWXQGIUPRUJHQLVW
HLQ $XVIOXJ DQ GHQ :UPVHH LQ $XVVLFKW JHQRPPHQ 'DV JHKW
LPPHUVRZHLWHU(YDLVWVHKUOLHE]XPLUXQG+HUU1LHGHUSDXUGHU
%UDXHUHLGLUHNWRU LVW HLQ JHPWOLFKHU 0DQQ :LU ZRKQHQ DQ HLQHP
VHKU KEVFKHQ 3ODW] LQPLWWHQ GHU 6WDGW PLW HLQHP %UXQQHQ LQ GHU
0LWWHZLHEHLXQVDXIGHP0DUNWXQGXQVHU+DXVVWHKWJDQ]LQGHU
1lKHGHV5DWKDXVHV,FKKDEHQLHPDOVHLQVROFKHV+DXVJHVHKHQ(V
LVWYRQREHQELVXQWHQJDQ]NXQWHUEXQWEHPDOWPLWKHLOLJHQ*HRUJV
GLH GHQ 'UDFKHQ W|WHQ XQG DOWHQ ED\HULVFKHQ )UVWHQ LQ YROOHP
2UQDWXQG:DSSHQ6WHOOW(XFKYRU
-D 0QFKHQ JHIlOOW PLU JDQ] DXVQHKPHQG 'LH /XIW VROO VHKU
QHUYHQVWlUNHQG VHLQ XQG PLW PHLQHP 0DJHQ LVW HV LP $XJHQEOLFN
JDQ] LQ 2UGQXQJ ,FK WULQNH PLW JUR‰HP 9HUJQJHQ VHKU YLHO %LHU
XPVRPHKUDOVGDV:DVVHUQLFKWJDQ]JHVXQGLVWDEHUDQGDV(VVHQ
NDQQLFKPLFKQRFKQLFKWUHFKWJHZ|KQHQ(VJLEW]XZHQLJ*HPVH
XQG ]XYLHO 0HKO ]XP %HLVSLHO LQ GHQ 6DXFHQ GHUHQ VLFK *RWW
HUEDUPHQP|JH:DVHLQRUGHQWOLFKHU.DOEVUFNHQLVWGDVDKQWPDQ
KLHU JDU QLFKW GHQQ GLH 6FKODFKWHU ]HUVFKQHLGHQ DOOHV DXIV
MlPPHUOLFKVWH8QGPLUIHKOHQVHKUGLH)LVFKH8QGGDQQLVWHVGRFK
HLQ :DKQVLQQ EHVWlQGLJ *XUNHQ XQG .DUWRIIHOVDODW PLW %LHU
GXUFKHLQDQGHU]XVFKOXFNHQ0HLQ0DJHQJLEW7|QHYRQVLFKGDEHL
hEHUKDXSWPX‰PDQMDDQPDQFKHUOHLVLFKHUVWJHZ|KQHQN|QQW,KU
(XFKGHQNHQPDQEHILQGHWVLFKHEHQLQHLQHP IUHPGHQ /DQGH 'D
LVW GLH XQJHZRKQWH 0Q]H GD LVW GLH 6FKZLHULJNHLW VLFK PLW GHQ
HLQIDFKHQ /HXWHQ GHP 'LHQVWSHUVRQDO ]X YHUVWlQGLJHQ GHQQ LFK
VSUHFKHLKQHQ]XUDVFKXQGVLHPLU]XNDXGHUZHOVFKXQGGDQQLVWGD
GHU.DWKROL]LVPXVLFK KDVVH LKQ ZLH ,KU ZL‰W LFK KDOWH JDU QLFKWV
GDYRQ«©
+LHUILQJGHU.RQVXODQ]XODFKHQLQGHPHUHLQ6WFN%XWWHUEURW
PLW JHULHEHQHP .UlXWHUNlVH LQ GHU +DQG VLFK LQ GDV 6RID
]XUFNOHKQWH ª-D 7RP GX ODFKVW«© VDJWH VHLQH 0XWWHU XQG OLH‰
HLQ SDDUPDO GHQ 0LWWHOILQJHU LKUHU +DQG DXI GDV 7LVFKWXFK IDOOHQ
ª$EHU PLU JHIlOOW HV Y|OOLJ DQ LKU GD‰ VLH DQ GHP *ODXEHQ LKUHU


9lWHU IHVWKlOW XQG GLH XQHYDQJHOLVFKHQ 6FKQXUUSIHLIHUHLHQ
YHUDEVFKHXW,FKZHL‰GD‰GXLQ)UDQNUHLFKXQG,WDOLHQHLQHJHZLVVH
6\PSDWKLH IU GLH SlSVWOLFKH .LUFKH JHID‰W KDVW DEHU GDV LVW QLFKW
5HOLJLRVLWlW EHL GLU 7RP VRQGHUQ HWZDV DQGHUHV XQG LFK YHUVWHKH
DXFKZDVDEHUREJOHLFK ZLU GXOGVDP VHLQ VROOHQ LVW 6SLHOHUHL XQG
/LHEKDEHUHLLQGLHVHQ'LQJHQLQKRKHP*UDGHVWUDIEDUXQGLFKPX‰
*RWWELWWHQGD‰HUGLUXQGGHLQHU*HUGD±GHQQLFKZHL‰VLHJHK|UW
HEHQIDOOV QLFKW JHUDGH ]X GHQ *HIHVWHWHQ  PLW GHQ -DKUHQ GHQ
Q|WLJHQ (UQVW GDULQ JLEW 'LHVH %HPHUNXQJ ZLUVW GX GHLQHU 0XWWHU
YHU]HLKHQ©
ª2EHQ DXI GHP %UXQQHQ© ODV VLH ZHLWHU ªGHQ LFK YRQ PHLQHP
)HQVWHU DXV VHKHQ NDQQ VWHKW HLQH 0DULD XQG PDQFKPDO ZLUG HU
EHNUlQ]W XQG GDQQ NQLHQ GRUW /HXWH DXV GHP 9RONH PLW
5RVHQNUlQ]HQXQGEHWHQZDVMDUHFKWKEVFKDXVVLHKWDEHUHVVWHKW
JHVFKULHEHQ*HKHLQGHLQ.lPPHUOHLQ2IWVLHKWPDQKLHU0|QFKH
DXI GHU 6WUD‰H XQG VLH VHKHQ UHFKW HKUZUGLJ DXV $EHU VWHOOH 'LU
YRU 0DPD JHVWHUQ IXKU LQ GHU 7KHDWLQHUVWUD‰H LUJHQGHLQ K|KHUHU
.LUFKHQPDQQLQVHLQHU.XWVFKHDQPLUYRUEHUYLHOOHLFKWZDUHVGHU
(U]ELVFKRI HLQ lOWHUHU +HUU  JHQXJ XQG GLHVHU +HUU ZLUIW PLU DXV
GHP)HQVWHUHLQ3DDU$XJHQ]XZLHHLQ*DUGHOLHXWHQDQW'XZHL‰W
0XWWHULFKKDOWHQLFKWVRVHKUJUR‰H6WFNHDXI'HLQH)UHXQGHGLH
0LVVLRQlUHXQG3DVWRUHQDEHU7UlQHQ7ULHVFKNHLVWVLFKHUOLFKQLFKWV
JHJHQGLHVHQ6XLWLHUYRQHLQHP.LUFKHQIUVWHQ«©
ª3IXL©VFKDOWHWHGLH.RQVXOLQEHNPPHUWHLQ
ª(FKW7RQ\©VDJWHGHU.RQVXOª:LHVR7RP"©
ª1D VROOWH VLH LKQ QLFKW HLQ EL‰FKHQ SURYR]LHUW KDEHQ« ]XU
3UIXQJ" ,FK NHQQH GRFK 7RQ\ 8QG MHGHQIDOOV KDW GLHVHV ¾3DDU
$XJHQ½ VLH N|VWOLFK DPVLHUW« ZDV ZRKO GLH $EVLFKW GHV DOWHQ
+HUUQJHZHVHQLVW©
+LHUDXI JLQJ GLH .RQVXOLQ QLFKW HLQ VRQGHUQ IXKU ]X OHVHQ IRUW
ª9RUJHVWHUQ KDWWHQ 1LHGHUSDXUV $EHQGJHVHOOVFKDIW ZDV
ZXQGHUKEVFK ZDU REJOHLFK LFK GHU 8QWHUKDOWXQJ QLFKW LPPHU
IROJHQ NRQQWH XQG GHQ 7RQ PDQFKPDO ]LHPOLFK HTXLYRTXH IDQG
6RJDU HLQ +RIRSHUQVlQJHU ZDU GD ZHOFKHU /LHGHU VDQJ XQG HLQ
MXQJHU .XQVWPDOHU GHU PLFK EDW PLFK YRQ LKP SRUWUlWLHUHQ ]X
ODVVHQZDVLFKDEHUDEOHKQWHZHLOLFKHVQLFKWIUSDVVHQGKDOWH$P


EHVWHQ KDEH LFK PLFK PLW HLQHP +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHU XQWHUKDOWHQ 
KlWWHVW 'X MHPDOV JHGDFKW GD‰ MHPDQG VR KHL‰HQ N|QQWH" 
+RSIHQKlQGOHUHLQQHWWHUVSD‰KDIWHU0DQQLQJHVHW]WHQ-DKUHQXQG
-XQJJHVHOOH ,FK KDWWHLKQ ]X 7LVFKH XQG KLHOW PLFK DQ LKQ ZHLO HU
GHUHLQ]LJH3URWHVWDQWLQGHU*HVHOOVFKDIWZDUGHQQREJOHLFKHUHLQ
JXWHU0QFKHQHU%UJHULVWVWDPPWVHLQH)DPLOLHDXV1UQEHUJ(U
YHUVLFKHUWHGD‰HUXQVHUH)LUPDGHP1DPHQQDFKVHKUZRKONHQQH
XQG'XNDQQVW'LUGHQNHQ7RPZHOFKH)UHXGHPLUGHUUHVSHNWYROOH
7RQPDFKWHLQZHOFKHPHUGDVVDJWH$XFKHUNXQGLJWHHUVLFKJHQDX
QDFK XQV ZLH YLHOH *HVFKZLVWHU ZLU VHLHQ XQG GHUJOHLFKHQ PHKU
$XFK QDFK (ULND XQG VRJDU QDFK *UQOLFK IUDJWH HU (U NRPPW
PDQFKPDO ]X 1LHGHUSDXUV XQG ZLUG ZRKO PRUJHQ PLW XQV ]XP
:UPVHHIDKUHQ
1XQDGLHXOLHEH0DPDLFKNDQQQLFKWPHKUVFKUHLEHQ%HL/HEHQ
XQG*HVXQGKHLWZLH'XLPPHUVDJVWEOHLEHLFKQRFKGUHLRGHUYLHU
:RFKHQ KLHU XQG GDQQ NDQQ LFK (XFK PQGOLFK YRQ 0QFKHQ
HU]lKOHQ GHQQ EULHIOLFK ZHL‰ LFK QLFKW ZRPLW LFK DQIDQJHQ VROO
$EHUHVJHIlOOWPLUVHKUJXWGDVNDQQLFKVDJHQQXUP‰WHPDQVLFK
HLQH .|FKLQ DXI DQVWlQGLJH 6DXFHQ GUHVVLHUHQ 6LHKVW 'X LFK ELQ
HLQHDOWH)UDXGLHGDV/HEHQKLQWHUVLFKKDWXQGKDEHQLFKWVPHKU]X
HUZDUWHQDXI(UGHQDEHUZHQQ]XP%HLVSLHO(ULNDVSlWHUEHL/HEHQ
XQG *HVXQGKHLW VLFK KLHUKHU YHUKHLUDWHWH VR ZUGH LFK QLFKWV
GDJHJHQKDEHQGDVPX‰LFKVDJHQ«©
+LHUPX‰WHGHU.RQVXOZLHGHUDXIK|UHQ]XHVVHQXQGVLFKODFKHQG
LQ GDV 6RID ]XUFNOHJHQ ª6LH LVW XQEH]DKOEDU 0XWWHU :HQQ VLH
KHXFKHOQZLOOLVWVLHXQYHUJOHLFKOLFK,FKVFKZlUPHIUVLHZHLOVLH
HLQIDFK QLFKW LPVWDQGH LVW VLFK ]X YHUVWHOOHQ QLFKW EHU WDXVHQG
0HLOHQZHJ«©
ª-D 7RP© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ ªVLH LVW HLQ JXWHV .LQG GDV DOOHV
*OFNYHUGLHQW©
'DQQODVVLHGHQ%ULHI]X(QGH«


=ZHLWHV.DSLWHO

$P(QGHGHV$SULO]RJ)UDX*UQOLFKZLHGHULP(OWHUQKDXVHHLQ
XQGREJOHLFKQXQDEHUPDOVHLQ6WFN/HEHQKLQWHULKUODJREJOHLFK
GDVDOWH'DVHLQZLHGHUEHJDQQVLHZLHGHUGHQ$QGDFKWHQEHLZRKQHQ
XQGDP-HUXVDOHPVDEHQG/HD*HUKDUGWYRUOHVHQK|UHQPX‰WHEHIDQG
VLH VLFK JDQ] DXJHQVFKHLQOLFK LQ IURKHU XQG KRIIQXQJVYROOHU
6WLPPXQJ
*OHLFKDOVLKU%UXGHUGHU.RQVXOVLHYRP%DKQKRIHDEJHKROWKDWWH
VLHZDUYRQ%XFKHQJHNRPPHQXQGPLWLKUGXUFKGDV+ROVWHQWRU
LQ GLH 6WDGW JHIDKUHQ ZDU KDWWH HU QLFKW XPKLQJHNRQQW LKU GDV
.RPSOLPHQW ]X PDFKHQ GD‰ ± QlFKVW .ORWKLOGHQ ± VLH GRFK QRFK
LPPHUGLH6FK|QVWHLQGHU)DPLOLHVHLZRUDXIVLHJHDQWZRUWHWKDWWH
ª2 *RWW 7RP LFK KDVVH GLFK (LQH DOWH )UDX LQ GLHVHU :HLVH ]X
YHUK|KQHQ«©
$EHU HV KDWWH WURW]GHP VHLQH 5LFKWLJNHLW 0DGDPH *UQOLFK
NRQVHUYLHUWH VLFK DXIV YRUWHLOKDIWHVWH XQG DQJHVLFKWV LKUHV VWDUNHQ
DVFKEORQGHQ +DDUHV GDV ]X EHLGHQ 6HLWHQ GHV 6FKHLWHOV JHSROVWHUW
EHU GHQ NOHLQHQ 2KUHQ ]XUFNJHVWULFKHQ XQG DXI GHU +|KH GHV
.RSIHV PLW HLQHP EUHLWHQ 6FKLOGNURWNDPP ]XVDPPHQJHID‰W ZDU ±
DQJHVLFKWV GHV ZHLFKHQ $XVGUXFNV GHU LKUHQ JUDXEODXHQ $XJHQ
EOLHE LKUHU KEVFKHQ 2EHUOLSSH GHV IHLQHQ 2YDOV XQG GHU ]DUWHQ
)DUEHQ LKUHV *HVLFKWHV KlWWH PDQ QLFKW DXI GUHL‰LJ VRQGHUQ DXI
GUHLXQG]ZDQ]LJ -DKUH JHUDWHQ 6LH WUXJ K|FKVW HOHJDQWH
KHUDEKlQJHQGH2KUULQJHYRQ*ROGGLHLQHWZDVDQGHUHU)RUPVFKRQ
LKUH *UR‰PXWWHU JHWUDJHQ KDWWH (LQH ORVH VLW]HQGH 7DLOOH DXV
OHLFKWHP GXQNOHQ 6HLGHQVWRII PLW $WODVUHYHUV XQG IODFKHQ
(SDXOHWWHV YRQ 6SLW]HQ JDE LKUHU %VWH HLQHQ HQW]FNHQGHQ
$XVGUXFNYRQ:HLFKKHLW
6LH EHIDQG VLFK LQ EHVWHU /DXQH ZLH JHVDJW XQG HU]lKOWH
GRQQHUVWDJV ZHQQ .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRNV XQG GLH 'DPHQ
%XGGHQEURRNDXVGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰H.RQVXO.U|JHUV.ORWKLOGHXQG
6HVHPL:HLFKEURGWPLW(ULND]X7LVFKHNDPHQDXIVDQVFKDXOLFKVWH
YRQ0QFKHQYRQGHP%LHUHGHQ'DPSIQXGHOQGHP.XQVWPDOHU
GHUVLHKDWWHSRUWUlWLHUHQZROOHQXQGGHQ+RIHTXLSDJHQGLHLKUGHQ
JU|‰WHQ (LQGUXFN JHPDFKW KDWWHQ 6LH HUZlKQWH LP 9RUEHUJHKHQ


DXFK GHV +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHU XQG JHVHW]W GHQ )DOO GD‰ 3ILIIL
%XGGHQEURRN HLQH RGHU GLH DQGHUH %HPHUNXQJ GDUEHU IDOOHQ OLH‰
GD‰ VR HLQH 5HLVH MD UHFKW DQJHQHKP VHL GD‰ MHGRFK LUJHQGHLQ
SUDNWLVFKHU (UIROJ VLFK QLFKW VFKHLQH HLQJHVWHOOW ]X KDEHQ VR
EHUK|UWH)UDX*UQOLFKGDVPLWHLQHUXQVlJOLFKHQ:UGHLQGHPVLH
GHQ .RSI ]XUFNOHJWH XQG WURW]GHP GDV .LQQ DXI GLH %UXVW ]X
GUFNHQ VXFKWH« hEULJHQV HLJQHWH VLH VLFK GLH *HZRKQKHLW DQ
LPPHU ZHQQ GLH *ORFNH GHU :LQGIDQJWU EHU GLH JUR‰H 'LHOH
VFKDOOWHDXIGHQ7UHSSHQDEVDW]]XHLOHQXP]XVHKHQZHUNlPH«
:DV PRFKWH GLHV ]X EHGHXWHQ KDEHQ" 'DV ZX‰WH ZRKO QXU ,GD
-XQJPDQQ7RQ\¶V(U]LHKHULQXQGODQJMlKULJH9HUWUDXWHGLHKLHUXQG
GDHWZDV]XLKUVDJWHZLHª7RQ\FKHQPHLQ.LQGFKHQVROOVWVHKHQ
HUZLUGNRPPHQ(UZLUGGRFKNHLQ'XMDNVHLQZROOHQ«©
'LHHLQ]HOQHQ)DPLOLHQJOLHGHUZX‰WHQGHUKHLPJHNHKUWHQ$QWRQLH
'DQNIULKUH+HLWHUNHLWGLH6WLPPXQJLP+DXVHEHGXUIWHGULQJHQG
GHU $XIPXQWHUXQJ XQG ]ZDU DXV GHP *UXQGH ZHLO GDV 9HUKlOWQLV
]ZLVFKHQ GHP )LUPHQFKHI XQG VHLQHP MQJHUHQ %UXGHU VLFK LP
9HUODXIH GHU =HLW QLFKW JHEHVVHUW VRQGHUQ LQ WUDXULJHU :HLVH
YHUVFKOLPPHUWKDWWH,KUH0XWWHUGLH.RQVXOLQGLHGLHVHQ*DQJGHU
'LQJH PLW .XPPHU YHUIROJWH KDWWH JHQXJ ]X WXQ ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ
EHLGHQ QRWGUIWLJ ]X YHUPLWWHOQ« ,KUHQ (UPDKQXQJHQ GDV .RQWRU
PLW JU|‰HUHU 5HJHOPl‰LJNHLW ]X EHVXFKHQ ZDU &KULVWLDQ PLW
]HUVWUHXWHP 6FKZHLJHQ EHJHJQHW XQG GLHMHQLJHQ VHLQHV %UXGHUV
VHOEVW KDWWH HU PLW HLQHU HUQVWHQ XQUXKLJHQ XQG QDFKGHQNOLFKHQ
%HVFKlPXQJ RKQH :LGHUVSUXFK EHU VLFK HUJHKHQ ODVVHQ XP GDQQ
ZlKUHQG ZHQLJHU 7DJH GHU HQJOLVFKHQ .RUUHVSRQGHQ] PLW HWZDV
PHKU(LIHURE]XOLHJHQ0HKUXQGPHKUDEHUHQWZLFNHOWHVLFKLQGHP
bOWHUHQ HLQH JHUHL]WH 9HUDFKWXQJ JHJHQ GHQ -QJHUHQ GLH GDGXUFK
QLFKW EHHLQWUlFKWLJW ZXUGH GD‰ &KULVWLDQ LKUH JHOHJHQWOLFKHQ
bX‰HUXQJHQ RKQH *HJHQZHKU XQG PLW QDFKGHQNOLFK
XPKHUZDQGHUQGHQ$XJHQHQWJHJHQQDKP
7KRPDV¶ DQJHVWUHQJWH 7lWLJNHLW GHU =XVWDQG VHLQHU 1HUYHQ
JHVWDWWHWH LKP QLFKW PLW 7HLOQDKPH RGHU *HODVVHQKHLW &KULVWLDQV
HLQJHKHQGH 0LWWHLOXQJHQ EHU VHLQH ZHFKVHOQGHQ
.UDQNKHLWVHUVFKHLQXQJHQ DQ]XK|UHQ XQG VHLQHU 0XWWHU RGHU
6FKZHVWHU JHJHQEHU QDQQWH HU VLH PLW 8QZLOOHQ ªGLH DOEHUQHQ
(UJHEQLVVHHLQHUZLGHUZlUWLJHQ6HOEVWEHREDFKWXQJ©


'LH 4XDO GLH XQEHVWLPPWH 4XDO LQ &KULVWLDQV OLQNHP %HLQH ZDU
VHLW HLQLJHU =HLW PHKUHUHQ lX‰HUOLFKHQ 0LWWHOQ JHZLFKHQ GLH
6FKOXFNEHVFKZHUGHQ DEHU NHKUWHQ QRFK RIW EHL 7LVFKH ZLHGHU XQG
QHXHUGLQJV ZDU HLQH ]HLWZHLOLJH $WHPQRW HLQ DVWKPDWLVFKHV hEHO
KLQ]XJHWUHWHQ GDV &KULVWLDQ ZlKUHQG OlQJHUHU :RFKHQ IU
/XQJHQVFKZLQGVXFKW KLHOW XQG GHVVHQ :HVHQ XQG :LUNXQJHQ HU
VHLQHU)DPLOLHPLWJHNUDXVWHU1DVHLQDXVIKUOLFKHQ%HVFKUHLEXQJHQ
PLW]XWHLOHQEHPKWZDU'RNWRU*UDERZZXUGH]X5DWHJH]RJHQ(U
VWHOOWHIHVWGD‰+HU]XQG/XQJHUHFKWNUlIWLJDUEHLWHWHQGD‰DEHUGHU
JHOHJHQWOLFKH $WHPPDQJHO DXI HLQH JHZLVVH 7UlJKHLW JHZLVVHU
0XVNHOQ ]XUFN]XIKUHQ VHL XQG YHURUGQHWH ]XU (UOHLFKWHUXQJ GHU
5HVSLUDWLRQ HUVWHQV GHQ *HEUDXFK HLQHV )lFKHUV ]ZHLWHQV HLQ
JUQOLFKHV 3XOYHU GDV PDQ HQW]QGHQ XQG GHVVHQ 5DXFK PDQ
HLQDWPHQ PX‰WH 'HV )lFKHUV EHGLHQWH &KULVWLDQ VLFK DXFK LP
.RQWRU XQG DXI HLQHQ 9RUKDOW GHV &KHIV DQWZRUWHWH HU GD‰ LQ
9DOSDUDLVR MHGHU .RQWRULVW VFKRQ GHU +LW]H ZHJHQ HLQHQ )lFKHU
EHVHVVHQ KDEH ª-RKQQ\ 7KXQGHUVWRUP« GX OLHEHU *RWW© $OV HU
DEHU HLQHV 7DJHV QDFKGHP HU OlQJHUH =HLW HUQVW XQG XQUXKLJ DXI
VHLQHP6HVVHOKLQXQGKHUJHUFNWDXFKVHLQ3XOYHULP.RQWRUDXV
GHU 7DVFKH ]RJ XQG HLQHQ VR VWDUNHQ XQG EHOULHFKHQGHQ 4XDOP
HQWZLFNHOWHGD‰PHKUHUH/HXWHKHIWLJ]XKXVWHQEHJDQQHQXQG+HUU
0DUFXVVRJDUJDQ]EOD‰ZXUGH«GDJDEHVHLQHQ|IIHQWOLFKHQ(NODW
HLQHQ 6NDQGDO HLQH IUFKWHUOLFKH $XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJ GLH ]XP
VRIRUWLJHQ%UXFKJHIKUWKDEHQZUGHKlWWHQLFKWGLH.RQVXOLQQRFK
HLQPDO DOOHV YHUWXVFKW PLW 9HUQXQIW EHVSURFKHQ XQG ]XP *XWHQ
JHZDQGW«
(VZDUQLFKWGLHVDOOHLQ$XFKGDV/HEHQGDV&KULVWLDQDX‰HUKDOE
GHV +DXVHV XQG ]ZDU PHLVWHQV JHPHLQVDP PLW GHP 5HFKWVDQZDOW
'RNWRU *LHVHNH VHLQHP 6FKXONDPHUDGHQ IKUWH YHUIROJWH GHU
.RQVXOPLW:LGHUZLOOHQ(UZDUNHLQ0XFNHUXQG6SLHOYHUGHUEHU(U
HULQQHUWH VLFK ZRKO VHLQHU HLJHQHQ -XJHQGVQGHQ (U ZX‰WH ZRKO
GD‰ VHLQH 9DWHUVWDGW GLHVH +DIHQ XQG +DQGHOVVWDGW LQ GHU GLH
JHVFKlIWOLFK KRFKDFKWEDUHQ %UJHU PLW VR XQYHUJOHLFKOLFK
HKUHQIHVWHU 0LHQH GDV 7URWWRLU PLW LKUHQ 6SD]LHUVW|FNHQ VWLH‰HQ
NHLQHVZHJV GLH +HLPVWlWWH PDNHOORVHU 0RUDOLWlW VHL 0DQ
HQWVFKlGLJWH VLFK KLHU IU VHLQH DXI GHP .RQWRUERFN VH‰KDIW
YHUEUDFKWHQ 7DJH QLFKW QXU PLW VFKZHUHQ :HLQHQ XQG VFKZHUHQ


*HULFKWHQ«$EHUHLQGLFNHU0DQWHOYRQELHGHUHU6ROLGLWlWEHGHFNWH
GLHVH (QWVFKlGLJXQJHQ XQG ZHQQ HV .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRNV HUVWHV
*HVHW] ZDU ªGLH 'HKRUV ]X ZDKUHQ© VR ]HLJWH HU VLFK LQ GLHVHU
%H]LHKXQJGXUFKGUXQJHQYRQGHU:HOWDQVFKDXXQJVHLQHU0LWEUJHU
'HU5HFKWVDQZDOW*LHVHNH JHK|UWH ]X GHQ¾*HOHKUWHQ½ GLH VLFKGHU
'DVHLQVIRUP GHU ¾.DXIOHXWH½ EHKDJOLFK DQSD‰WHQ XQG ]X GHQ
QRWRULVFKHQ¾6XLWLHUV½ZDVLKPEULJHQVMHGHUPDQQDQVHKHQNRQQWH
$EHU ZLH GLH EULJHQ EHKlELJHQ /HEHPlQQHU YHUVWDQG HU HV GLH
ULFKWLJH0LHQHGD]X]XPDFKHQbUJHUQLV]XYHUPHLGHQ XQGVHLQHQ
SROLWLVFKHQ XQG EHUXIOLFKHQ *UXQGVlW]HQ GHQ 5XI XQDQIHFKWEDUHU
6ROLGLWlW ]X ZDKUHQ 6HLQH 9HUOREXQJ PLW HLQHP )UlXOHLQ +XQHXV
ZDU VRHEHQ SXEOLN JHZRUGHQ (U HUKHLUDWHWH DOVR HLQHQ 3ODW] LQ GHU
HUVWHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW XQG HLQH EHGHXWHQGH 0LWJLIW (U ZDU PLW VWDUN
XQWHUVWULFKHQHP ,QWHUHVVH LQ VWlGWLVFKHQ $QJHOHJHQKHLWHQWlWLJ XQG
PDQVDJWHVLFKGD‰HUVHLQ$XJHQPHUNDXIHLQHQ6LW]LP5DWKDXVH
XQG ]XOHW]W ZRKO DXI GHQ 6HVVHO GHV DOWHQ %UJHUPHLVWHUV 'RNWRU
2HYHUGLHFNJHULFKWHWKDOWH
&KULVWLDQ %XGGHQEURRN DEHU VHLQ )UHXQG GHUVHOEH GHU HLQVW
HQWVFKORVVHQHQ 6FKULWWHV ]X 0DGHPRLVHOOH 0H\HUGH OD *UDQJH
JHJDQJHQ ZDU LKU VHLQ %OXPHQEXNHWW JHJHEHQ XQG ]X LKU JHVDJW
KDWWHª2K)UlXOHLQZLHVFK|QKDEHQ6LHJHVSLHOW©&KULVWLDQKDWWH
VLFK LQIROJH VHLQHV &KDUDNWHUV XQG VHLQHU ODQJHQ :DQGHUMDKUH ]X
HLQHP6XLWLHUYRQYLHO]XQDLYHUXQGXQEHNPPHUWHU$UWHQWZLFNHOW
XQG ZDULQ +HU]HQVVDFKHQVRZHQLJ ZLH LP EULJHQ JHQHLJW VHLQHQ
(PSILQGXQJHQ =ZDQJ DQ]XWXQ 'LVNUHWLRQ ]X EHQ GLH :UGH ]X
ZDKUHQhEHUVHLQ9HUKlOWQLV]XHLQHU6WDWLVWLQYRP6RPPHUWKHDWHU
]XP%HLVSLHODPVLHUWHVLFKGLHJDQ]H6WDGWXQG)UDX6WXKWDXVGHU
*ORFNHQJLH‰HUVWUD‰H GLHVHOEH GLH LQ GHQ HUVWHQ .UHLVHQ YHUNHKUWH
HU]lKOWHHVMHGHU'DPHGLHHVK|UHQ ZROOWH GD‰ ¾.ULVFKDQ½ ZLHGHU
HLQPDO PLW GHU YRP ¾7LYROL½ DXI RIIHQHU KHOOLFKWHU 6WUD‰H JHVHKHQ
ZRUGHQVHL
$XFKGDVQDKPPDQQLFKWEHO«0DQZDUYRQHLQHU]XELGHUEHQ
6NHSVLV XP HUQVWOLFK PRUDOLVFKH (QWUVWXQJ DQ GHQ 7DJ ]X OHJHQ
&KULVWLDQ%XGGHQEURRNXQGHWZD.RQVXO3HWHU'|KOPDQQGHQVHLQ
JlQ]OLFK GDQLHGHUOLHJHQGHV *HVFKlIW YHUDQOD‰WH LQ lKQOLFK
KDUPORVHU :HLVH ]X :HUNH ]X JHKHQ ZDUHQ DOV $PVHXUV EHOLHEW
XQG LQ +HUUHQJHVHOOVFKDIW JHUDGH]X XQHQWEHKUOLFK $EHU VLH ZDUHQ


HEHQ QLFKW HUQVW ]X QHKPHQ VLH ]lKOWHQ LQ HUQVWKDIWHQ
$QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ QLFKW PLW HV ZDU EH]HLFKQHQG GD‰ LQ GHU JDQ]HQ
6WDGWLP.OXEDQGHU%|UVHDP+DIHQQXULKUH9RUQDPHQJHQDQQW
ZXUGHQ ¾.ULVFKDQ½ XQG ¾3HWHU½ XQG hEHOZROOHQGHQ ZLH GHQ
+DJHQVWU|PV VWDQG HV IUHL QLFKW EHU .ULVFKDQV *HVFKLFKWHQ XQG
6SD‰HVRQGHUQEHU.ULVFKDQVHOEVW]XODFKHQ
(U GDFKWH GDUDQ QLFKW RGHU JLQJ VHLQHU $UW JHPl‰ QDFK HLQHP
$XJHQEOLFN VHOWVDP XQUXKLJHQ 1DFKGHQNHQV GDUEHU KLQZHJ 6HLQ
%UXGHU GHU .RQVXO DEHU ZX‰WH HV HU ZX‰WH GD‰ &KULVWLDQ GHQ
:LGHUVDFKHUQGHU)DPLOLHHLQHQ$QJULIIVSXQNWERWXQG«HVZDUHQ
GHU $QJULIIVSXQNWH EHUHLWV ]X YLHOH 'LH 9HUZDQGWVFKDIW PLW GHQ
2HYHUGLHFNV ZDU ZHLWOlXILJ XQG ZUGH QDFK GHP 7RGH GHV
%UJHUPHLVWHUV JDQ] ZHUWORV VHLQ 'LH .U|JHUV VSLHOWHQ JDU NHLQH
5ROOHPHKUOHEWHQ]XUFNJH]RJHQXQGKDWWHQDUJH*HVFKLFKWHQPLW
LKUHP 6RKQH« 'HV VHOLJHQ 2QNHO *RWWKROG 0L‰KHLUDW EOLHE HWZDV
8QDQJHQHKPHV« 'HV .RQVXOV 6FKZHVWHU ZDU HLQH JHVFKLHGHQH
)UDX ZHQQ PDQ DXFK GLH +RIIQXQJ DXI LKUH :LHGHUYHUPlKOXQJ
QLFKW IDKUHQ]XODVVHQ EUDXFKWH  XQG VHLQ %UXGHU VROOWH HLQ
OlFKHUOLFKHU 0HQVFK VHLQ GXUFK GHVVHQ &ORZQHULHQ VLFK WlWLJH
+HUUHQ PLW ZRKOZROOHQGHP RGHU K|KQLVFKHP /DFKHQ GLH
0X‰HVWXQGHQDXVIOOHQOLH‰HQGHU]XDOOHGHP6FKXOGHQPDFKWHXQG
DP (QGH GHV 4XDUWDOV ZHQQ HU NHLQ *HOG PHKU KDWWH VLFK JDQ]
RIIHQNXQGLJYRQ'RNWRU*LHVHNHIUHLKDOWHQOLH‰«HLQHXQPLWWHOEDUH
%ODPDJHGHU)LUPD
'LH JHKlVVLJH 9HUDFKWXQJ GLH 7KRPDV DXI VHLQHP %UXGHU UXKHQ
OLH‰ XQG GLH GLHVHU PLW HLQHU QDFKGHQNOLFKHQ ,QGLIIHUHQ] HUWUXJ
lX‰HUWH VLFK LQ DOO GHQ IHLQHQ .OHLQLJNHLWHQ ZLH VLH QXU ]ZLVFKHQ
)DPLOLHQJOLHGHUQ GLH DXIHLQDQGHU DQJHZLHVHQ VLQG ]XWDJH WUHWHQ
.DP ]XP %HLVSLHO GDV *HVSUlFK DXI GLH *HVFKLFKWH GHU
%XGGHQEURRNV VR NRQQWH &KULVWLDQ LQ GLH 6WLPPXQJ JHUDWHQ GLH
LKPDOOHUGLQJVQLFKWVHKUJXW]X*HVLFKWHVWDQGPLW(UQVW/LHEHXQG
%HZXQGHUXQJYRQVHLQHU9DWHUVWDGWXQGVHLQHQ9RUIDKUHQ]XUHGHQ
$OVEDOG EHHQGHWH GHU .RQVXO PLW HLQHU NDOWHQ %HPHUNXQJ GDV
*HVSUlFK(UHUWUXJGDVQLFKW (U YHUDFKWHWH VHLQHQ %UXGHU VR VHKU
GD‰ HU LKP QLFKW JHVWDWWHWH GRUW ]X OLHEHQ ZR HU VHOEVW OLHEWH (U
KlWWH HV YLHO OLHEHU JHK|UW ZHQQ &KULVWLDQ LP 'LDOHNWH 0DUFHOOXV
6WHQJHOV GDYRQ JHVSURFKHQ KlWWH (U KDWWH HLQ %XFK JHOHVHQ


LUJHQGHLQ KLVWRULVFKHV:HUN GDV VWDUNHQ (LQGUXFN DXILKQ JHPDFKW
XQG GDV HU PLW EHZHJWHQ :RUWHQ UKPWH &KULVWLDQ HLQ
XQVHOEVWlQGLJHU .RSI GHU GDV %XFK DOOHLQ JDU QLFKW DXVILQGLJ
JHPDFKWKDEHQZUGHDEHUHLQGUXFNVIlKLJXQGMHGHU%HHLQIOXVVXQJ
]XJlQJOLFK ODV HV LQ GLHVHU :HLVH YRUEHUHLWHW XQG HPSIlQJOLFK
JHPDFKW QXQ JOHLFKIDOOV IDQG HV JDQ] KHUUOLFK JDE VHLQHQ
(PSILQGXQJHQ P|JOLFKVW JHQDXHQ $XVGUXFN« XQG IRUWDQ ZDU GDV
%XFKIU7KRPDVHUOHGLJW(UVSUDFKPLW*OHLFKJOWLJNHLWXQG.lOWH
GDYRQ (U WDW DOV KDEH HU HV NDXP JHOHVHQ (U EHUOLH‰ VHLQHP
%UXGHUHVDOOHLQ]XEHZXQGHUQ«

'ULWWHV.DSLWHO

.RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN NHKUWH DXV GHU ¾+DUPRQLH½ GHP /HVH]LUNHO


IU +HUUHQ LQ GHP HU QDFK GHP ]ZHLWHQ )UKVWFN HLQH 6WXQGH
YHUEUDFKW KDWWH LQ GLH 0HQJVWUD‰H ]XUFN (U GXUFKVFKULWW GDV
*UXQGVWFN YRQ KLQWHQ NDP UDVFK ]XU 6HLWH GHV *DUWHQV EHU GHQ
JHSIODVWHUWHQ*DQJGHU]ZLVFKHQEHZDFKVHQHQ0DXHUQKLQODXIHQG
GHQKLQWHUHQ+RIPLWGHPYRUGHUHQYHUEDQGJLQJEHUGLH'LHOHXQG
ULHILQGLH.FKHKLQHLQREVHLQ%UXGHU]X+DXVHVHLPDQVROOHLKQ
EHQDFKULFKWLJHQ ZHQQ HU NlPH 'DQQ VFKULWW HU GXUFK GDV .RQWRU
ZR GLH /HXWH DQ GHQ 3XOWHQ EHL VHLQHP (UVFKHLQHQ VLFK WLHIHU EHU
GLH5HFKQXQJHQEHXJWHQLQVHLQ3ULYDWEXUHDXOHJWH+XWXQG6WRFN
EHLVHLWH ]RJ GHQ $UEHLWVURFN DQ XQG EHJDE VLFK DQ VHLQHQ
)HQVWHUSODW] +HUUQ 0DUFXV JHJHQEHU =ZHL )DOWHQ VWDQGHQ
]ZLVFKHQ VHLQHQ DXIIDOOHQG KHOOHQ %UDXHQ 'DV JHOEH 0XQGVWFN
HLQHU DXIJHUDXFKWHQ UXVVLVFKHQ =LJDUHWWH ZDQGHUWH XQUXKLJ YRQ
HLQHP0XQGZLQNHOLQGHQDQGHUHQ'LH%HZHJXQJHQPLWGHQHQHU
3DSLHUXQG6FKUHLE]HXJ]XU+DQGQDKPZDUHQVRNXU]XQGVFKURII
GD‰ +HUU 0DUFXV VLFK PLW ]ZHL )LQJHUQ EHGlFKWLJ GHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW
VWULFKXQGHLQHQJDQ]ODQJVDPHQSUIHQGHQ%OLFN]XVHLQHP6R]LXV
JOHLWHQ OLH‰ ZlKUHQG GLH MXQJHQ /HXWH VLFK PLW HUKREHQHQ
$XJHQEUDXHQDQVDKHQ'HU&KHIZDULQ=RUQ


1DFK9HUODXIHLQHUKDOEHQ6WXQGHZlKUHQGGHUPDQQLFKWVDOVGDV
.UDW]HQGHU)HGHUQXQGGDVEHGlFKWLJH5lXVSHUQGHV+HUUQ0DUFXV
YHUQRPPHQ KDWWH EOLFNWH GHU .RQVXO EHU GHQ JUQHQ
)HQVWHUYRUKDQJKLQZHJXQGVDK&KULVWLDQGLH6WUD‰HGDKHUNRPPHQ
(UUDXFKWH(UNDPDXVGHP.OXEZRHUJHIUKVWFNWXQGHLQNOHLQHV
-HXJHPDFKWKDWWH(UWUXJGHQ+XWHLQZHQLJVFKLHILQGHU6WLUQXQG
VFKZHQNWH VHLQHQ JHOEHQ 6WRFN GHU ªYRQ GUEHQ© VWDPPWH XQG
GHVVHQ .QRSI GLH LQ (EHQKRO] JHVFKQLW]WH %VWH HLQHU 1RQQH
GDUVWHOOWH(UVLFKWOLFKZDUHUEHLJXWHU*HVXQGKHLWXQGEHVWHU/DXQH
,UJHQGHLQHQ 6RQJ YRU VLFK KLQ VXPPHQG NDP HU LQV .RQWRU VDJWH
ª0RUJHQ PHLQH +HUUHQ© ZLHZRKO HV HLQ KHOOHU
)UKOLQJVQDFKPLWWDJ ZDU XQG VFKULWW DXI VHLQHQ 3ODW] ]X XP ªPDO
HEHQHLQEL‰FKHQ]XDUEHLWHQ©$EHUGHU.RQVXOHUKREVLFKXQGLP
9RUEHUJHKHQ VDJWH HU RKQH LKQ DQ]XEOLFNHQ ª$FK« DXI ]ZHL
:RUWHPHLQ/LHEHU©
&KULVWLDQ IROJWH LKP 6LH JLQJHQ ]LHPOLFK UDVFK EHU GLH 'LHOH
7KRPDV KDWWH GLH +lQGH DXI GHQ 5FNHQ JHOHJW XQG XQZLOONUOLFK
WDW &KULVWLDQ GDVVHOEH ZREHL HU GHP %UXGHU VHLQH JUR‰H 1DVH
]XZDQGWH GLH REHUKDOE GHV HQJOLVFK EHU GHQ 0XQG KlQJHQGHQ
URWEORQGHQ6FKQXUUEDUWHVVFKDUINQRFKLJXQGJHERJHQ]ZLVFKHQGHQ
KRKOHQ:DQJHQKHUYRUWUDW:lKUHQGVLHEHUGHQ+RIJLQJHQVDJWH
7KRPDV ª'X PX‰W PLFK PDO HLQ SDDU 6FKULWWH GXUFK GHQ *DUWHQ
EHJOHLWHQPHLQ)UHXQG©
ª6FK|Q© DQWZRUWHWH &KULVWLDQ 8QG GDQQ IROJWH ZLHGHU HLQ
OlQJHUHV 6FKZHLJHQ ZlKUHQG VLH OLQNV KHUXP DXI GHP lX‰HUHQ
:HJH DQ GHU 5RNRNRIDVVDGH GHV ¾3RUWDOV½ YRUEHL GHQ *DUWHQ
XPVFKULWWHQ GHU GLH HUVWHQ .QRVSHQ WULHE 6FKOLH‰OLFK VDJWH GHU
.RQVXO QDFK HLQHP VFKQHOOHQ $XIDWPHQ PLW ODXWHU 6WLPPH ª,FK
KDEH HEHQ VFKZHUHQ bUJHU JHKDEW XQG ]ZDU LQIROJH GHLQHV
%HWUDJHQV©
ª0HLQHV«"©
ª-D0DQKDWPLULQGHU¾+DUPRQLH½YRQHLQHU%HPHUNXQJHU]lKOW
GLH GX JHVWHUQ DEHQG LP .OXE KDVW IDOOHQ ODVVHQ XQG GLH VR
GHSODFLHUW VR EHU DOOH %HJULIIH WDNWORV ZDU GD‰ LFK NHLQH :RUWH
ILQGH«'LH%ODPDJHKDWQLFKWDXIVLFKZDUWHQODVVHQ(VLVWGLUHLQH
NOlJOLFKH $EIHUWLJXQJ ]XWHLO JHZRUGHQ +DVW GX /XVW GLFK ]X
HULQQHUQ"©


ª$FK« QXQ ZHL‰ LFK ZDV GX PHLQVW  :HU KDW GLU GHQQ GDV
HU]lKOW"©
ª:DV WXW GDV ]XU 6DFKH ± '|KOPDQQ ± 0LW HLQHU 6WLPPH
VHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKGD‰GLH/HXWHGLHGLH*HVFKLFKWHHWZDQRFKQLFKW
NDQQWHQVLFKQXQHEHQIDOOVGDUEHUIUHXHQN|QQHQ«©
ª-D 7RP LFK PX‰ GLU VDJHQ« ,FK KDEH PLFK IU +DJHQVWU|P
JHVFKlPW©
ª'XKDVWGLFKIU«$EHUGDVLVWGHQQGRFK«+|UHPDO©ULHIGHU
.RQVXOLQGHPHUEHLGH+lQGHGLH,QQHQIOlFKHQQDFKREHQYRUVLFK
DXVVWUHFNWH XQG VLH PLW VHLWZlUWV JHQHLJWHP .RSIH HUUHJW
GHPRQVWULHUHQG VFKWWHOWH ª'X VDJVW LQ HLQHU *HVHOOVFKDIW GLH
VRZRKODXV.DXIOHXWHQDOVDXV *HOHKUWHQ EHVWHKW GD‰ DOOH HVK|UHQ
N|QQHQ (LJHQWOLFK XQG EHL /LFKWH EHVHKHQ VHL GRFK MHGHU
*HVFKlIWVPDQQHLQ*DXQHU«GXVHOEVWHLQ.DXIPDQQ$QJHK|ULJHU
HLQHU )LUPD GLH DXV DOOHQ .UlIWHQ QDFK DEVROXWHU ,QWHJULWlW QDFK
PDNHOORVHU6ROLGLWlWVWUHEW«©
ª/LHEHU +LPPHO 7KRPDV LFK PDFKWH 6SD‰« 2EJOHLFK«
HLJHQWOLFK«©IJWH&KULVWLDQKLQ]XLQGHPHUGLH1DVHNUDXVWHXQG
GHQ .RSI HLQ ZHQLJ VFKUlJ QDFK YRUQH VFKRE« ,Q GLHVHU +DOWXQJ
PDFKWH HU PHKUHUH 6FKULWWH ª6SD‰ 6SD‰© ULHI GHU .RQVXO ª,FK
ELOGHPLUHLQHLQHQ6SD‰]XYHUVWHKHQDEHUGXKDVWMDJHVHKHQZLH
GHU6SD‰YHUVWDQGHQZRUGHQLVW¾,FKPHLQHUVHLWVKDOWHPHLQHQ%HUXI
VHKU KRFK½ KDW +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P GLU JHDQWZRUWHW« 8QG GD
VD‰HVW GX QXQ HLQ YHUEXPPHOWHU 0HQVFK GHU YRQ VHLQHP HLJHQHQ
%HUXIQLFKWVKlOW«©
ª-D 7RP LFK ELWWH GLFK ZDV VDJVW GX GD]X ,FK YHUVLFKHUH GLFK
GLH JDQ]H *HPWOLFKNHLW ZDU SO|W]OLFK ]XP 7HXIHO 'LH /HXWH
ODFKWHQDOVREVLHPLUUHFKWJDEHQ8QGGDVLW]WGLHVHU+DJHQVWU|P
XQGVDJWIUFKWHUOLFKHUQVW¾,FKPHLQHUVHLWV«½'HUGXPPH.HUO,FK
KDEHPLFKZDKUKDIWLJIULKQJHVFKlPW1RFKJHVWHUQDEHQGLP%HWW
KDEHLFKODQJHGDUEHUQDFKJHGDFKWXQGKDWWHHLQJDQ]VRQGHUEDUHV
*HIKOGDEHL«,FKZHL‰QLFKWREGXGDVNHQQVW«©
ª6FKZDW]H QLFKW LFK ELWWH GLFK VFKZDW]H QLFKW© XQWHUEUDFK LKQ
GHU.RQVXO(U]LWWHUWHDPJDQ]HQ.|USHUYRU8QZLOOHQª,FKJHEHMD
]X« LFK JHEH GLU MD ]X GD‰ GLH $QWZRUW YLHOOHLFKW QLFKW GHU
6WLPPXQJ HQWVSUDFK GD‰ VLH JHVFKPDFNORV ZDU $EHU PDQ VXFKW


VLFKHEHQGLH/HXWHDXV]XGHQHQPDQGHUJOHLFKHQVDJW«ZHQQHV
VFKRQHLQPDOGXUFKDXVJHVDJWZHUGHQPX‰«XQGVHW]WVLFKQLFKWLQ
VHLQHU $OEHUQKHLW HLQHU VR VFKQ|GHQ $EIHUWLJXQJ DXV +DJHQVWU|P
KDWGLH*HOHJHQKHLWEHQXW]WXQV«MDQLFKWQXUGLUVRQGHUQXQVHLQV
]X YHUVHW]HQ GHQQ ZHL‰W GX ZDV VHLQ ¾,FK PHLQHUVHLWV½ EHGHXWHWH"
¾6ROFKH (UNHQQWQLVVH YHUVFKDIIHQ 6LH VLFK ZRKO LP .RQWRU ,KUHV
%UXGHUV+HUU%XGGHQEURRN"½'DVEHGHXWHWHHVGX(VHO©
ª1D« (VHO«© VDJWH &KULVWLDQ XQG PDFKWH HLQ YHUOHJHQHV XQG
XQUXKLJHV *HVLFKW« ª6FKOLH‰OLFK JHK|UVW GX QLFKW GLU DOOHLQH DQ©
IXKU GHU .RQVXO IRUW ªDEHU WURW]GHP VROO HV PLU JOHLFKJOWLJ VHLQ
ZHQQGXGLFKSHUV|QOLFKOlFKHUOLFKPDFKVW«XQGZRPLWPDFKVWGX
GLFKQLFKWOlFKHUOLFK©ULHIHU(UZDUEOD‰XQGGLHEODXHQbGHUFKHQ
DQ VHLQHQ VFKPDOHQ 6FKOlIHQ YRQ GHQHQ GDV +DDU LQ ]ZHL
(LQEXFKWXQJHQ ]XUFNWUDW ZDUHQ GHXWOLFK ]X VHKHQ (LQH VHLQHU
KHOOHQ %UDXHQ KLHOW HU HPSRUJH]RJHQ XQG VHOEVW GLH VWHLIHQ ODQJ
DXVJH]RJHQHQ 6SLW]HQ VHLQHV 6FKQXUUEDUWHV KDWWHQ HWZDV =RUQLJHV
ZlKUHQG HU PLW KLQZHUIHQGHQ +DQGEHZHJXQJHQ VHLQH :RUWH
VHLWZlUWV YRU &KULVWLDQV )‰H KLQ DXI GHQ .LHVZHJ QLHGHUVSUDFK«
ª'X PDFKVW GLFK OlFKHUOLFK PLW GHLQHQ /LHEVFKDIWHQ PLW GHLQHQ
+DUOHNLQDGHQ PLW GHLQHQ .UDQNKHLWHQ PLW GHLQHQ 0LWWHOQ
GDJHJHQ«©
ª2K7KRPDV©VDJWH&KULVWLDQVFKWWHOWHJDQ]HUQVWKDIWGHQ.RSI
XQG KRE LQ HWZDV XQJHVFKLFNWHU :HLVH HLQHQ =HLJHILQJHU HPSRU«
ª:DVGDVEHWULIIWGDVNDQQVWGXQLFKWVRJDQ]YHUVWHKHQVLHKVWGX«
'LH6DFKHLVWGLH«0DQPX‰VR]XVDJHQVHLQ*HZLVVHQLQ2UGQXQJ
KDOWHQ« ,FK ZHL‰ QLFKW RE GX GDV NHQQVW« *UDERZ KDW PLU HLQH
6DOEHIUGLH+DOVPXVNHOQYHURUGQHW«JXW*HEUDXFKHLFKVLHQLFKW
XQWHUODVVHLFKHVVLH]XJHEUDXFKHQVRNRPPHLFKPLUJDQ]YHUORUHQ
XQG KLOIORV YRU ELQ XQUXKLJ XQG XQVLFKHU XQG lQJVWOLFK XQG LQ
8QRUGQXQJXQGNDQQQLFKWVFKOXFNHQ+DEHLFKVLHDEHUJHEUDXFKW
VRIKOHLFKGD‰LFKPHLQH3IOLFKWJHWDQKDEHXQGLQ2UGQXQJELQ
GDQQ KDEH LFK HLQ JXWHV *HZLVVHQ ELQ VWLOO XQG ]XIULHGHQ XQG GDV
6FKOXFNHQ JHKW KHUUOLFK 'LH 6DOEH WXW HV JODXEH LFK QLFKW ZHL‰W
GX«DEHUGLH6DFKHLVWGD‰VRHLQH9RUVWHOOXQJYHUVWHKPLFKUHFKW
QXU GXUFK HLQH DQGHUH 9RUVWHOOXQJ HLQH *HJHQYRUVWHOOXQJ
DXIJHKREHQZHUGHQNDQQ«,FKZHL‰QLFKWREGXGDVNHQQVW«©


ª$FKMD $FKMD © ULHI GHU .RQVXO XQG KLHOW HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN
VHLQHQ.RSIPLWEHLGHQ+lQGHQIHVWǻ7XHHVGRFK+DQGHOHGRFK
GDQDFK $EHU UHGH QLFKW GDUEHU 6FKZDW]H QLFKW GDUEHU /D‰
DQGHUH /HXWH PLW GHLQHQ ZLGHUOLFKHQ )LQHVVHQ LQ 5XKH $XFK PLW
GLHVHU XQDQVWlQGLJHQ *HVFKZlW]LJNHLW PDFKVW GX GLFK OlFKHUOLFK
YRP0RUJHQELV]XP$EHQG$EHUGDVVDJHLFKGLUGDVZLHGHUKROH
LFK GLU (V VROO PLFK NDOW ODVVHQ ZLH VHKU GX GLFK SHUV|QOLFK ]XP
1DUUHQ PDFKVW DEHU LFK YHUELHWH GLU K|UVW GX PLFK ZRKO" ,FK
YHUELHWHHVGLUGLH)LUPDLQHLQHU:HLVH]XNRPSURPLWWLHUHQZLHGX
HVJHVWHUQDEHQGJHWDQKDVW©
+LHUDXI DQWZRUWHWH &KULVWLDQ QLFKW VRQGHUQ IXKU ODQJVDP PLW GHU
+DQGEHUVHLQVFKRQVSlUOLFKHVU|WOLFKEORQGHV+DDUXQGOLH‰HLQHQ
XQUXKLJHQ (UQVW DXI GHP *HVLFKWH VHLQH $XJHQ KDOWORV XQG
DEZHVHQGXPKHUVFKZHLIHQ2KQH=ZHLIHOEHVFKlIWLJWHHUVLFKQRFK
PLW GHP ZDV HU ]XOHW]W JHVDJW KDWWH (V KHUUVFKWH HLQH 3DXVH
7KRPDV VFKULWW LQ VWLOOHU 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ GDKHU ª$OOH .DXIOHXWH VLQG
6FKZLQGOHUVDJVWGX©EHJDQQHUYRQQHXHP«ª*XWELVWGXGHLQHV
%HUXIHV EHUGUVVLJ" %HUHXVW GX HV .DXIPDQQ JHZRUGHQ ]X VHLQ"
'XKDVWGDPDOVGLH(UODXEQLVYRQ9DWHUHUZLUNW«©
ª-D 7RP© VDJWH &KULVWLDQ QDFKGHQNOLFK ªLFK ZUGH ZDKUKDIWLJ
OLHEHU VWXGLHUHQ $XI GHU 8QLYHUVLWlW ZHL‰W GX GDV PX‰ VHKU QHWW
VHLQ«0DQJHKWKLQZHQQPDQ/XVWKDWJDQ]IUHLZLOOLJVHW]WVLFK
XQGK|UW]XZLHLP7KHDWHU«©
ª:LH LP 7KHDWHU« $FK LQV &DIH FKDQWDQW JHK|UVW GX DOV
3RVVHQUHL‰HU« ,FK VFKHU]H QLFKW (V LVW PHLQH YROONRPPHQ
HUQVWKDIWH hEHU]HXJXQJ GD‰ GDV GHLQ KHLPOLFKHV ,GHDO LVW©
EHWHXHUWH GHU .RQVXO XQG &KULVWLDQ ZLGHUVSUDFK GHP GXUFKDXV
QLFKWHUEOLFNWHJHGDQNHQYROOLQGHU/XIWXPKHUª8QGGXHUIUHFKVW
GLFK HLQH VROFKH %HPHUNXQJ YRQ GLU ]X JHEHQ GX GHU GX NHLQH
$KQXQJ«QLFKWHLQPDOHLQH$KQXQJGDYRQKDVWZDV$UEHLWLVWGHU
GX GHLQ /HEHQ DXVIOOVW LQGHP GX GLU PLW 7KHDWHU XQG %XPPHOHL
XQG 1DUUHWHLHQ HLQH 5HLKH YRQ *HIKOHQ XQG (PSILQGXQJHQ XQG
=XVWlQGHQ YHUVFKDIIVW PLW GHQHQ GX GLFK EHVFKlIWLJHQ GLH GX
EHREDFKWHQXQGSIOHJHQEHUGLHGXLQVFKDPORVHU:HLVHVFKZDW]HQ
NDQQVW«©
ª-D7RP©VDJWH&KULVWLDQHLQZHQLJEHWUEWXQGVWULFKZLHGHUPLW
GHU +DQG EHU VHLQHQ 6FKlGHO ª'DV LVW ZDKU GDV KDVW GX JDQ]


ULFKWLJDXVJHGUFNW'DVLVWGHU8QWHUVFKLHG]ZLVFKHQXQVVLHKVWGX
'XVLHKVWDXFK JHUQ HLQ7KHDWHUVWFN DQ XQGKDVW IUKHU XQWHU XQV
JHVDJW DXFK GHLQH 7HFKWHOPHFKWHO JHKDEW XQG ODVHVW HLQH =HLWODQJ
PDOPLW9RUOLHEH5RPDQHXQG*HGLFKWHXQGGHUJOHLFKHQ«$EHUGX
KDVW HV LPPHU VR JXW YHUVWDQGHQ GDV DOOHV PLW GHU RUGHQWOLFKHQ
$UEHLWXQGGHP(UQVWGHV/HEHQV]XYHUELQGHQ«'DVJHKWPLUDE
VLHKVWGX,FKZHUGHYRQGHPDQGHUHQYRQGHP.UDPJDQ]XQGJDU
DXIJHEUDXFKW ZHL‰W GX XQG EHKDOWH IU GDV 2UGHQWOLFKH JDU QLFKWV
EULJ«,FKZHL‰QLFKWREGXPLFKYHUVWHKVW«©
ª$OVRGDVVLHKVWGXHLQ©ULHI7KRPDV LQGHP HU VWHKHQEOLHEXQG
GLH$UPHDXIGHU%UXVWNUHX]WHª'DVJLEVWGXJDQ]NOHLQODXW]XXQG
GHQQRFKOl‰WGXDOOHVEHLPDOWHQ%LVWGXGHQQHLQ+XQG&KULVWLDQ"
0DQ KDW GRFK VHLQHQ 6WRO] +HUUJRWW LP +LPPHO 0DQ IKUW GRFK
QLFKW HLQ /HEHQ IRUW GDV PDQ VHOEVW QLFKW HLQPDO ]X YHUWHLGLJHQ
ZDJW$EHUVRELVWGX'DVLVWGHLQ:HVHQ:HQQGXHLQH6DFKHQXU
HLQVLHKVW XQG YHUVWHKVW XQG VLH EHVFKUHLEHQ NDQQVW« 1HLQ PHLQH
*HGXOG LVW ]X (QGH &KULVWLDQ© 8QG GHU .RQVXO WDW HLQHQ UDVFKHQ
6FKULWW UFNZlUWV ZREHLHU PLW GHP $UPH ZDDJHUHFKW HLQH KHIWLJH
%HZHJXQJ PDFKWH« ª6LH LVW ]X (QGH VDJH LFK GLU 'X EH]LHKVW
GHLQH 3URNXUD DEHU GX NRPPVW QLHPDOV LQV .RQWRU« GDV LVW HV
QLFKWZDVPLFKDXIEULQJW*HKHKLQXQGYHUM|NHOHGHLQ/HEHQZLH
GX HV ELVKHU JHWDQ $EHU GX NRPSURPLWWLHUVW XQV XQV DOOH ZR GX
JHKVW XQG VWHKVW 'X ELVW HLQ $XVZXFKV HLQH XQJHVXQGH 6WHOOH DP
.|USHUXQVHUHU)DPLOLH'XELVWYRPhEHOKLHULQGLHVHU6WDGWXQG
ZHQQGLHV+DXVPHLQHLJHQZlUHVRZUGH LFK GLFK KLQDXVZHLVHQ
GDKLQDXV]XU7UHKLQDXV©VFKULHHULQGHPHUHLQHZLOGHXQGZHLWH
%HZHJXQJ EHU GHQ *DUWHQ GHQ +RI GLH JUR‰H 'LHOH KLQ
YROOIKUWH«(UKLHOWQLFKWPHKUDQVLFK(LQHODQJHDXIJHVSHLFKHUWH
0HQJH YRQ :XW HQWOXG VLFK« ª:DV IlOOW GLU HLQ 7KRPDV© VDJWH
&KULVWLDQ (U KDWWH HLQHQ $QIDOO YRQ (QWUVWXQJ ZDV VLFK ]LHPOLFK
VRQGHUEDU DXVQDKP (U VWDQG GD LQ GHU +DOWXQJ GLH RIW
.UXPPEHLQLJHQ HLJHQ LVW HLQ ZHQLJ JHNQLFNW HLQ ZHQLJ
IUDJH]HLFKHQDUWLJ.RSI%DXFKXQG.QLHQDFKYRUQJHVFKREHQXQG
VHLQH UXQGHQ WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ GLH HU VR JUR‰ ZLH P|JOLFK
PDFKWHKDWWHQVLFKZLHEHLVHLQHP9DWHUZHQQHU]RUQLJZDUPLW
URWHQ 5lQGHUQ XPJHEHQ GLH ELV ]X GHQ :DQJHQNQRFKHQ OLHIHQ
ª:LH VSULFKVW GX ]X PLU© VDJWH HU ª:DV KDEH LFK GLU JHWDQ ,FK


JHKH VFKRQ YRQ VHOEVW GX EUDXFKVW PLFK QLFKW KLQDXV]XZHUIHQ 
3IXL© IJWH HU PLW DXIULFKWLJHP 9RUZXUI KLQ]X XQG GLHVHV :RUW
EHJOHLWHWH HU PLW HLQHU NXU]HQ VFKQDSSHQGHQ +DQGEHZHJXQJ QDFK
YRUQDOVILQJHHUHLQH)OLHJH
0HUNZUGLJHUZHLVH HQWJHJQHWH 7KRPDV KLHUDXI GXUFKDXV QLFKW
QRFKKHIWLJHUVRQGHUQVHQNWHVFKZHLJHQGGHQ.RSIXQGQDKPGDQQ
ODQJVDP GHQ :HJ XP GHQ *DUWHQ ZLHGHU DXI (V VFKLHQ LKQ ]X
EHIULHGLJHQLKPJHUDGH]XZRKO]XWXQVHLQHQ%UXGHUHQGOLFKLQ=RUQ
JHEUDFKW« LKQ HQGOLFK ]X HLQHU HQHUJLVFKHQ (UZLGHUXQJ HLQHP
3URWHVWYHUPRFKW]XKDEHQª'XNDQQVWPLUJODXEHQ©VDJWHHUUXKLJ
LQGHP HU GLH +lQGH ZLHGHU DXI GHP 5FNHQ ]XVDPPHQOHJWH ªGD‰
GLHVH 8QWHUUHGXQJ PLU DXIULFKWLJ OHLG WXW &KULVWLDQ DEHUVLH PX‰WH
HLQPDOVWDWWILQGHQ6ROFKH6]HQHQLQQHUKDOEGHU )DPLOLH VLQG HWZDV
)UFKWHUOLFKHVDEHUDXVVSUHFKHQPX‰WHQZLUXQV HLQPDO« XQG ZLU
N|QQHQJDQ]JHODVVHQEHUGLH'LQJHUHGHQPHLQ-XQJH'XJHIlOOVW
GLUQLFKWLQGHLQHUMHW]LJHQ3RVLWLRQZLHLFKVHKHQLFKWZDKU«"©
ª1HLQ7RPGDVKDVWGXULFKWLJHUNDQQW6LHKVWGX]X$QIDQJZDU
LFK MD DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK ]XIULHGHQ« XQG LFK KDEH HV KLHU MD DXFK
EHVVHU DOV LQ HLQHP IUHPGHQ *HVFKlIW $EHU ZDV PLU IHKOW LVW GLH
6HOEVWlQGLJNHLW JODXEH LFK« ,FK KDEH GLFK LPPHU EHQHLGHW ZHQQ
LFK GLFK VLW]HQ VDK XQG DUEHLWHQ GHQQ HV LVW HLJHQWOLFK JDU NHLQH
$UEHLW IU GLFK GX DUEHLWHVW QLFKW ZHLO GX PX‰W VRQGHUQ DOV +HUU
XQG &KHI XQG Ol‰W DQGHUH IU GLFK DUEHLWHQ XQG PDFKVW GHLQH
%HUHFKQXQJHQ XQG UHJLHUVW XQG ELVW IUHL« 'DV LVW JDQ] HWZDV
DQGHUHV«©
ª*XW &KULVWLDQ KlWWHVW GX GDV QLFKW VFKRQ IUKHU VDJHQ N|QQHQ"
(VVWHKWGLUGRFKIUHLGLFKVHOEVWlQGLJRGHUVHOEVWlQGLJHU]XPDFKHQ
'XZHL‰WGD‰9DWHUGLU VR JXW ZLH PLU HLQ YRUOlXILJHV (UEWHLO YRQ
IQI]LJWDXVHQG .XUDQWPDUN DXVJHVHW]W KDW XQG GD‰ LFK
VHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKHUZHLVH LQ MHGHU 6HNXQGH EHUHLW ELQ GLU GLHVH
6XPPH]XHLQHUYHUQQIWLJHQXQGVROLGHQ9HUZHUWXQJDXV]X]DKOHQ
(VJLEWLQ+DPEXUJRGHUZRDXFKLPPHUVLFKHUHDEHUEHVFKUlQNWH
*HVFKlIWHJHQXJGLHHLQHQ.DSLWDO]XIOX‰JHEUDXFKHQN|QQHQXQGLQ
GHQHQGXDOV7HLOKDEHUHLQWUHWHQN|QQWHVW«/D‰XQVMHGHUIUVLFK
GLH 6DFKH PDO EHUOHJHQ XQG JHOHJHQWOLFKDXFK PLW0XWWHU GDUEHU
VSUHFKHQ,FKKDEHMHW]W]XWXQXQGGXN|QQWHVWLQGLHVHQ7DJHQGLH
HQJOLVFKH.RUUHVSRQGHQ]QRFKHUOHGLJHQELWWH«©


ª:LHGHQNVWGX]XP%HLVSLHOEHU¾+&)%XUPHHVWHU &RPS½
LQ+DPEXUJ"©IUDJWHHUQRFKDXIGHU'LHOH«ª,PSRUWXQG([SRUW«
,FKNHQQHGHQ0DQQ,FKELQEHU]HXJWGD‰HU]XJUHLIHQZUGH«©
'DVZDU(QGH0DLGHV-DKUHV=X%HJLQQGHV-XQLEHUHLWVUHLVWH
&KULVWLDQEHU%XFKHQQDFK+DPEXUJDE«HLQVFKZHUHU9HUOXVWIU
GHQ .OXE GDV 6WDGWWKHDWHU GDV ¾7LYROL½ XQG GLH JDQ]H IUHLHUH
*HVHOOLJNHLWGHU6WDGW6lPWOLFKH¾6XLWLHUV½GDUXQWHU'RNWRU*LHVHNH
XQG 3HWHU '|KOPDQQ YHUDEVFKLHGHWHQ LKQ DP %DKQKRIH XQG
EHUEUDFKWHQ LKP %OXPHQ XQG VRJDU =LJDUUHQ ZREHL VLH DXV
/HLEHVNUlIWHQ ODFKWHQ« LQ GHU (ULQQHUXQJ RKQH =ZHLIHO DQ DOO GLH
*HVFKLFKWHQ GLH &KULVWLDQ LKQHQ HU]lKOW KDWWH =XP 6FKOXVVH
EHIHVWLJWH 5HFKWVDQZDOW 'RNWRU *LHVHNH XQWHU DOOJHPHLQHP +DOOR
HLQHQ JUR‰HQ .RWLOORQRUGHQ DXV *ROGSDSLHU DQ &KULVWLDQV 3DOHWRW
'LHVHU 2UGHQ VWDPPWH DXV HLQHP +DXVH LQ GHU 1lKH GHV +DIHQV
HLQHP *DVWKDXVH GDV DEHQGV HLQH URWH /DWHUQH EHU GHU +DXVWU
IKUWH HLQHP 2UWH ]ZDQJORVHU =XVDPPHQNXQIW DQ GHP HV VWHWV
KHLWHU KHUJLQJ« XQG ZDU GHP VFKHLGHQGHQ .ULVFKDQ %XGGHQEURRN
IUKHUYRUUDJHQGH9HUGLHQVWHYHUOLHKHQZRUGHQ

9LHUWHV.DSLWHO

(V NOLQJHOWH DP :LQGIDQJ XQG LKUHU QHXHQ *HZRKQKHLW JHPl‰


HUVFKLHQ )UDX *UQOLFK DXI GHP 7UHSSHQDEVDW] XP EHU GDV
ZHL‰ODFNLHUWH *HOlQGHU KLQZHJ DXI GLH 'LHOH KLQDE]XOXJHQ .DXP
DEHUZDUGUXQWHQJH|IIQHWZRUGHQDOVVLHVLFKPLWHLQHPMlKHQ5XFN
QRFK ZHLWHU KLQDEEHXJWH GDQQ ]XUFNSUDOOWH GDQQ PLW GHU HLQHQ
+DQG LKU7DVFKHQWXFK YRU GHQ0XQG GUFNWH PLW GHUDQGHUHQ LKUH
5|FNH ]XVDPPHQID‰WH XQG LQ HWZDV JHEFNWHU +DOWXQJ QDFK REHQ
HLOWH«
$XI GHU 7UHSSH ]XU ]ZHLWHQ (WDJH EHJHJQHWH LKU 0DPVHOO
-XQJPDQQ GHU VLH PLW HUVWHUEHQGHU 6WLPPH HWZDV ]XIOVWHUWH
ZRUDXI,GDYRUIUHXGLJHP6FKUHFNHWZDV3ROQLVFKHVDQWZRUWHWHGDV
NODQJZLHª0HLERVFKHNRFKKDQQH©


=XU VHOEHQ =HLW VD‰ GLH .RQVXOLQ %XGGHQEURRN LP
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU XQG KlNHOWH PLW ]ZHL JUR‰HQ K|O]HUQHQ 1DGHOQ
HLQHQ 6FKDO HLQH 'HFNH RGHU HWZDV bKQOLFKHV (V ZDU HOI 8KU
YRUPLWWDJV
3O|W]OLFK NDP GDV )ROJPlGFKHQ GXUFK GLH 6lXOHQKDOOH SRFKWH DQ
GLH *ODVWU XQG EHUEUDFKWH GHU .RQVXOLQ ZDWVFKHOQGHQ 6FKULWWHV
HLQH 9LVLWHQNDUWH 'LH .RQVXOLQ QDKP GLH .DUWH UFNWH LKUH %ULOOH
]XUHFKWGHQQVLHWUXJEHLGHU+DQGDUEHLWHLQH%ULOOHXQGODV'DQQ
EOLFNWHVLHZLHGHU]XGHP URWHQ *HVLFKWHGHV0lGFKHQV HPSRU ODV
DEHUPDOV XQG VDK DXIV QHXH GDV 0lGFKHQ DQ 6FKOLH‰OLFK VDJWH VLH
IUHXQGOLFKDEHUEHVWLPPWª:DVVROOGLHV/LHEH":DVEHGHXWHWGLHV
GX"©
$XI GHU .DUWH VWDQG JHGUXFNW ª1RSSH  &RPS© 1RSSH DEHU
VRZRKO ZLH GDV =HLFKHQ ZDUHQ PLW HLQHP %ODXVWLIW VWDUN
GXUFKVWULFKHQVRGD‰QXUGDV¾&RPS½EULJEOLHEª-H)UX.XQVHO©
VDJWHGDV0lGFKHQªGRDUZLHU¶Q+HUUZHUKHLUHG¶QLFKGWVFKXQ
LVRRNJRDUWDXVQDNVFK«©
ª%LWWHGHQ+HUUQ©VDJWHGLH.RQVXOLQGHQQVLHEHJULIIQXQGD‰HV
GLH ¾&RPS½ VHL GLH (LQOD‰ EHJHKUWH 'DV 0lGFKHQ JLQJ *OHLFK
GDUDXI |IIQHWH HV GLH *ODVWU DXIV QHXH XQG OLH‰ HLQH XQWHUVHW]WH
*HVWDOWHLQWUHWHQGLHLPVFKDWWLJHQ+LQWHUJUXQGHGHV=LPPHUVHLQHQ
$XJHQEOLFN VWHKHQEOLHE XQG HWZDV /DQJJH]RJHQHV YHUODXWHQ OLH‰
GDVNODQJZLHª+DE¶GLHbKUH«©
ª*XWHQ 0RUJHQ© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ ª:ROOHQ 6LH QLFKW QlKHU
WUHWHQ"© 'DEHL VWW]WH VLH VLFK OHLFKW PLW GHU +DQG DXI GDV
6RIDSROVWHUXQGHUKREVLFKHLQZHQLJGHQQVLHZX‰WHQRFKQLFKWRE
HVDQJH]HLJWVHLVLFKJDQ]]XHUKHEHQ«
ª,FK ELQ VR IUHL«© DQWZRUWHWH GHU +HUU ZLHGHUXP PLW HLQHU
JHPWOLFK VLQJHQGHQ XQG JHGHKQWHQ %HWRQXQJ LQGHP HU K|IOLFK
JHEFNW]ZHL6FKULWWHYRUZlUWVWDWZRUDXIHUDEHUPDOVVWHKHQEOLHE
XQG VLFK VXFKHQG XPEOLFNWH VHL HV QXQ QDFK HLQHU 6LW]JHOHJHQKHLW
RGHUQDFKHLQHP$XIEHZDKUXQJVRUWIU+XWXQG6WRFNGHQQEHLGHV
DXFK GHQ 6WRFN GHVVHQ NODXHQDUWLJ JHERJHQH +RUQNUFNH JXW XQG
JHUQDQGHUWKDOE)X‰PD‰KDWWHHUPLWLQV=LPPHUJHEUDFKW
(VZDUHLQ0DQQYRQYLHU]LJ-DKUHQ.XU]JOLHGULJXQGEHOHLEWWUXJ
HU HLQHQ ZHLW RIIHQVWHKHQGHQ 5RFN DXV EUDXQHP /RGHQ HLQH KHOOH


XQG JHEOPWH :HVWH GLH LQ ZHLFKHU :|OEXQJ VHLQHQ %DXFK
EHGHFNWH XQG DXI GHU HLQH JROGHQH 8KUNHWWH PLW HLQHP ZDKUHQ
%XNHWW HLQHU JDQ]HQ 6DPPOXQJ YRQ $QKlQJVHOQ DXV +RUQ
.QRFKHQ 6LOEHU XQG .RUDOOHQ SUDQJWH  HLQ %HLQNOHLG IHUQHU YRQ
XQEHVWLPPWHU JUDXJUQHU )DUEH ZHOFKHV ]X NXU] ZDU XQG DXV
XQJHZ|KQOLFK VWHLIHP 6WRII JHDUEHLWHW VFKLHQ GHQQ VHLQH 5lQGHU
XPVWDQGHQ XQWHQ NUHLVI|UPLJ XQG IDOWHQORV GLH 6FKlIWH GHU NXU]HQ
XQG EUHLWHQ 6WLHIHO  'HU KHOOEORQGH VSlUOLFKH IUDQVHQDUWLJ GHQ
0XQG EHUKlQJHQGH 6FKQXUUEDUW JDE GHP NXJHOUXQGHQ .RSIH PLW
VHLQHU JHGUXQJHQHQ 1DVH XQG VHLQHP ]LHPOLFK GQQHQ XQG
XQIULVLHUWHQ +DDU HWZDV 6HHKXQGVDUWLJHV 'LH ¾)OLHJH½ GLH GHU
IUHPGH +HUU ]ZLVFKHQ .LQQ XQG 8QWHUOLSSH WUXJ VWDQG LP
*HJHQVDW]H]XP6FKQXUUEDUWHLQZHQLJERUVWLJHPSRU'LH:DQJHQ
ZDUHQ DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK GLFN IHWW DXIJHWULHEHQ XQG JOHLFKVDP
KLQDXIJHVFKREHQ ]X GHQ $XJHQ GLH VLH ]X ]ZHL JDQ] VFKPDOHQ
KHOOEODXHQ 5LW]HQ ]XVDPPHQSUH‰WHQ XQG LQ GHUHQ :LQNHOQ VLH
)lOWFKHQ ELOGHWHQ 'LHV JDE GHP VROFKHUDUW YHUTXROOHQHQ *HVLFKW
HLQHQ0LVFKDXVGUXFNYRQ(UJULPPWKHLWXQGELHGHUHUXQEHKROIHQHU
UKUHQGHU*XWPWLJNHLW8QWHUKDOEGHVNOHLQHQ.LQQHVOLHIHLQHVWHLOH
/LQLH LQ GLH VFKPDOH ZHL‰H +DOVELQGH KLQHLQ« GLH /LQLH HLQHV
NURSIDUWLJHQ +DOVHV GHU NHLQH 9DWHUP|UGHU JHGXOGHW KDEHQ ZUGH
8QWHUJHVLFKWXQG+DOV+LQWHUNRSIXQG1DFNHQ:DQJHQXQG1DVH
DOOHV JLQJ HLQ ZHQLJ IRUPORV XQG JHSROVWHUW LQHLQDQGHU EHU« 'LH
JDQ]H *HVLFKWVKDXW ZDU LQIROJH DOOHU GLHVHU 6FKZHOOXQJHQ EHU GLH
*HEKU VWUDII JHVSDQQW XQG ]HLJWH DQ HLQ]HOQHQ 6WHOOHQ ZLH DP
$QVDW]GHU2KUOlSSFKHQXQG]XEHLGHQ6HLWHQGHU1DVHHLQHVSU|GH
5|WXQJ«,QGHUHLQHQVHLQHUNXU]HQZHL‰HQXQGIHWWHQ+lQGHKLHOW
GHU +HUU VHLQHQ 6WRFN LQ GHU DQGHUHQ HLQ JUQHV 7LUROHUKWFKHQ
JHVFKPFNWPLWHLQHP*HPVEDUW
'LH .RQVXOLQ KDWWH GLH %ULOOH DEJHQRPPHQ XQG VWW]WH VLFK QRFK
LPPHULQKDOEVWHKHQGHU+DOWXQJDXIGDV6RIDSROVWHUª:LHNDQQLFK
,KQHQGLHQHQ©VDJWHVLHK|IOLFKDEHUEHVWLPPW
'D OHJWH GHU +HUU PLW HLQHU HQWVFKORVVHQHQ %HZHJXQJ +XW XQG
6WRFNDXIGHQ'HFNHOGHV+DUPRQLXPVULHEVLFKGDQQEHIULHGLJWGLH
IUHL JHZRUGHQHQ +lQGH EOLFNWH GLH .RQVXOLQ WUHXKHU]LJ DXV VHLQHQ
KHOOHQ YHUTXROOHQHQ bXJOHLQ DQ XQG VDJWH ª,FK ELWW¶ GLH JQlGLJH
)UDX XP 9HU]HLKXQJ YRQ ZHJHQ GHP .DUWO L KRE NHL RQGHUHV ]XU


+RQG N¶KDEW 0HL 1DPH LVW 3HUPDQHGHU $ORLV 3HUPDQHGHU DXV
0QFKHQ 9LHOOHLFKW KDW GLH JQlGLJH )UDX VFKRQ YRQ GHU )UDX
7RFKWHUPHLQHQ1DPHQN¶KHUW±©
'LHV DOOHV VDJWH HU ODXW XQG PLW ]LHPOLFK JUREHU %HWRQXQJ LQ
VHLQHP NQRUULJHQ 'LDOHNW YROOHU SO|W]OLFKHU =XVDPPHQ]LHKXQJHQ
DEHU PLW HLQHP YHUWUDXOLFKHQ %OLQ]HOQ VHLQHU $XJHQULW]HQ ZHOFKHV
DQGHXWHWH¾:LUYHUVWHKHQXQVVFKRQ«½
'LH.RQVXOLQ KDWWH VLFK QXQ Y|OOLJ HUKREHQ XQGWUDW PLW VHLWZlUWV
JHQHLJWHP .RSIH XQG DXVJHVWUHFNWHQ +lQGHQ DXI LKQ ]X« ª+HUU
3HUPDQHGHU 6LH VLQG HV" *HZL‰ KDW PHLQH 7RFKWHU XQV YRQ ,KQHQ
HU]lKOW ,FK ZHL‰ ZLH VHKU 6LH GD]X EHLJHWUDJHQ KDEHQ LKU GHQ
$XIHQWKDOW LQ 0QFKHQ DQJHQHKP XQG XQWHUKDOWHQG ]X PDFKHQ«
8QG6LHVLQGLQXQVHUH6WDGWYHUVFKODJHQZRUGHQ"©
ª*HOWQ 6¶ GD VFKDXQ 6¶ ©VDJWH +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU LQGHP HU VLFK
EHL GHU .RQVXOLQ LQ HLQHP /HKQVHVVHO QLHGHUOLH‰ DXI GHQ VLH PLW
YRUQHKPHU %HZHJXQJ JHGHXWHW KDWWH XQG EHJDQQ PLW EHLGHQ
+lQGHQ EHKDJOLFK VHLQH NXU]HQ XQG UXQGHQ 2EHUVFKHQNHO ]X
UHLEHQ«
ª:LHEHOLHEW"©IUDJWHGLH.RQVXOLQ«
ª*HOWQ 6¶ GD VSLW]HQ 6¶© DQWZRUWHWH +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU LQGHP HU
DXIK|UWHVHLQH.QLH]XUHLEHQ
ª1HWW© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ YHUVWlQGQLVORV XQG OHKQWH VLFK GLH
+lQGHLP6FKR‰PLWHUKHXFKHOWHU%HIULHGLJXQJ]XUFN
$EHU +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU PHUNWH GDV HU EHXJWH VLFK YRU EHVFKULHE
*RWW ZHL‰ ZDUXP PLW GHU +DQG .UHLVH LQ GHU /XIW XQG VDJWH PLW
JUR‰HU .UDIWDQVWUHQJXQJ ª'D WXQ VLFK GLH JQlGLJH )UDX KDOW«
ZXQGHUQ©
ª-DMDPHLQOLHEHU+HUU3HUPDQHGHUGDVLVWZDKU©HUZLGHUWHGLH
.RQVXOLQIUHXGLJXQGQDFKGHPGLHVHUOHGLJWZDUWUDWHLQH3DXVHHLQ
8P DEHU GLHVH 3DXVH DXV]XIOOHQ VDJWH +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU PLW
HLQHPlFK]HQGHQ6HXI]HUª(VLVKDOWD.UHL]©
ª+P« ZLH EHOLHEW"© IUDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ LQGHP VLH LKUH KHOOHQ
$XJHQHLQZHQLJEHLVHLWHJOHLWHQOLH‰«
ª$ .UHL] LV¶© ZLHGHUKROWH +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK ODXW
XQGJURE


ª1HWW©VDJWHGLH.RQVXOLQEHJWLJHQGXQGVRPLWZDUDXFKGLHVHU
3XQNW DEJHWDQ ª'DUI PDQ IUDJHQ© IXKU VLH IRUW ªZDV 6LH VR ZHLW
KHUJHIKUW KDW OLHEHU +HUU" (V LVW HLQH WFKWLJH 5HLVH YRQ
0QFKHQ«©
ª$ *¶VFKlIWHUO© VDJWH +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU LQGHP HU VHLQH NXU]H
+DQGLQGHU/XIWKLQXQGKHUGUHKWHªDNORDQV*¶VFKlIWHUOJQlGLJH
)UDXPLWGHU%UDXHUHL]XU:DONPKOH©
ª2K ULFKWLJ 6LH VLQG +RSIHQKlQGOHU PHLQ OLHEHU +HUU
3HUPDQHGHU ¾1RSSH  &RPS½ QLFKW ZDKU" 6HLHQ 6LH EHU]HXJW
LFK KDEH YRQ PHLQHP 6RKQH GHP .RQVXO KLH XQG GD YLHO
9RUWHLOKDIWHVEHU,KUH)LUPDJHK|UW©VDJWHGLH.RQVXOLQK|IOLFK
$EHU +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU ZHKUWH DE ª,V VFKR UHFKW 'DYRQ LV NRD
5HG¶ $K QDD GLH +DXSWVDFK¶ LV KDOW GD‰ L DOOZHLO GHQ :XQVFK
N¶KDEW KRE GHU JQlGLJHQ )UDX DPRO PHL $XIZDUWXQJ ]¶PRFKQ XQG
GLH)UDX*UQOLFKZLHGHU]XVHKQ'|V LV 6DFK¶ JQXD XP GLH 5HLV¶
QHW]¶VFKHXQ©
ª,FK GDQNH ,KQHQ© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ KHU]OLFK LQGHP VLH LKP
QRFKPDOV GLH +DQG UHLFKWH GHUHQ )OlFKH VLH JDQ] ZHLW
KHUXPZDQGWHª$EHUQXQVROOPDQPHLQH7RFKWHUEHQDFKULFKWLJHQ©
IXJWHVLHKLQ]XVWDQGDXIXQGVFKULWWDXIGHQJHVWLFNWHQ.OLQJHO]XJ
]XGHUQHEHQGHU*ODVWUKLQJ
ª-D +LPPL 6DNUDPHQW ZHUG¶ L D )UHLG¶ KD¶P© ULHI +HUU
3HUPDQHGHUXQGGUHKWHVLFKPLWVDPWVHLQHP/HKQVHVVHOGHU7U]X
'LH .RQVXOLQ EHIDKO GHP 0lGFKHQ ª%LWWH 0DGDPH *UQOLFK
KHUXQWHU/LHEH©
'DQQ NHKUWH VLH ]XP 6RID ]XUFN ZRUDXI DXFK +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU
VHLQHQ 6HVVHO ZLHGHU KHUXPGUHKWH ª:HUG¶ L D )UHLG¶ KD¶P«©
ZLHGHUKROWH HU DEZHVHQG LQGHP HU GLH 7DSHWHQ GDV JUR‰H 6HYUHV
7LQWHQID‰DXIGHP6HNUHWlUXQGGLH0|EHOEHWUDFKWHWH'DQQVDJWHHU
PHKUHUH0DOHª,VG|VD.UHL]«(VLVKDOWD.UHL]©ZREHLHU
VLFKGLH.QLHULHEXQGRKQHHUVLFKWOLFKHQ*UXQGVFKZHUVHXI]WH'LHV
IOOWHXQJHIlKUGLH=HLWELV]X)UDX*UQOLFKV(UVFKHLQHQDXV
6LHKDWWHHQWVFKLHGHQHLQZHQLJ7RLOHWWHJHPDFKWHLQHKHOOH7DLOOH
DQJHOHJWLKUH)ULVXUJHRUGQHW,KU*HVLFKWZDUIULVFKHUXQGKEVFKHU
GHQQ MH ,KUH =XQJHQVSLW]H VSLHOWH YHUVFKPLW]W LQ HLQHP
0XQGZLQNHO«


.DXPZDUVLHHLQJHWUHWHQ DOV +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU HPSRUVSUDQJ XQG
LKU PLW HLQHU XQJHKHXUHQ %HJHLVWHUXQJ HQWJHJHQNDP $OOHV DQ LKP
JHULHWLQ%HZHJXQJ(UHUJULIILKUHEHLGHQ+lQGHVFKWWHOWHVLHXQG
ULHIª-DGLH)UDX*UQOLFK-DJU‰(DKQD*RWW-DZLHKDW¶VGHQQ
GHUZHLOJHJDQJHQ"ZDVKDEHQ6¶GHQQDOOZHLOJ¶PDFKWGDKHUREHQ"
-HVVDV KDE¶L D QDUULVFKH )UHLG¶ 'HQNHQ 6¶ GHQQ QRFK DPRO DQ G¶
0QFKQHUVWDGWXQGDQXQVUH%HUJ¶"2PHLKD¶PZLUD*DXGLN¶KDEW
JHOWQ6¶MD".UX]L7UNHQQHXXQGGDVDQPHUZLHGHU-HW]WZHUKlWW¶
GHQQGHVJODXEW©
$XFK 7RQ\ LKUHUVHLWV EHJU‰WH LKQ PLW JUR‰HU /HEKDIWLJNHLW ]RJ
HLQHQ 6WXKO KHUEHL XQG EHJDQQ PLW LKP YRQ LKUHQ 0QFKHQHU
:RFKHQ ]X SODXGHUQ« 'LH 8QWHUKDOWXQJ IOR‰ QXQ RKQH +LQGHUQLV
GDKLQ XQG GLH .RQVXOLQ IROJWH LKU LQGHP VLH +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHU
QDFKVLFKWLJ XQG HUPXQWHUQG ]XQLFNWH GLHVH RGHU MHQH VHLQHU
5HGHZHQGXQJHQ LQV 6FKULIWGHXWVFKH EHUVHW]WH XQG VLFK GDQQ
MHGHVPDO]XIULHGHQGD‰VLHHVYHUVWDQGHQLQV6RID]XUFNOHKQWH
+HUU3HUPDQHGHUPX‰WHDXFK)UDX$QWRQLHQQRFKPDOVGHQ*UXQG
VHLQHV+LHUVHLQVHUNOlUHQDEHUHUOHJWHGLHVHPª*¶VFKlIWHUO©PLWGHU
%UDXHUHL HUVLFKWOLFK VR ZHQLJ %HGHXWXQJ EHL GD‰ HV GHQ $QVFKHLQ
JHZDQQ DOV KDEH HU HLJHQWOLFK JDU QLFKWV LQ GHU 6WDGW ]X VXFKHQ
'DJHJHQHUNXQGLJWHHUVLFKPLW ,QWHUHVVH QDFK GHU ]ZHLWHQ7RFKWHU
VRZLH QDFK GHQ 6|KQHQ GHU .RQVXOLQ XQG EHGDXHUWH ODXW GLH
$EZHVHQKHLW &ODUD¶V XQG &KULVWLDQV GD HU ªDOOZHLO GHQ :XQVFK
N¶KDEW©KDEHªGLHJRQ]H)DPLOL©NHQQHQ]XOHUQHQ
hEHU GLH 'DXHU VHLQHV $XIHQWKDOWHV LQ GHU 6WDGW lX‰HUWH HU VLFK
EHUDXVXQEHVWLPPWDOVDEHUGLH.RQVXOLQEHPHUNWHª,FKHUZDUWHLQ
MHGHP $XJHQEOLFN PHLQHQ 6RKQ ]XP )UKVWFN +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU
PDFKHQ6LHXQVGDV9HUJQJHQHLQ%XWWHUEURWPLWXQV]XHVVHQ«"©
GD QDKP HU GLHVH (LQODGXQJ QRFK HKH VLH DXVJHVSURFKHQ ZDU PLW
HLQHU%HUHLWZLOOLJNHLWDQDOVKDEHHUGDUDXIJHZDUWHW
'HU.RQVXONDP(UKDWWHGDV)UKVWFNV]LPPHUOHHUJHIXQGHQXQG
HUVFKLHQLP.RQWRUURFNHLOLJHLQZHQLJDEJHVSDQQWXQGEHUKlXIW
XP]XHLQHPIOFKWLJHQ,PEL‰]XPDKQHQ«$EHUNDXPZDUHUGHU
IUHPGHQ (UVFKHLQXQJ GHV *DVWHV PLW VHLQHQ XQJHKHXUHQ 8KU
JHKDQJHQ XQG VHLQHU /RGHQMDFNH VRZLH GHV *HPVEDUWHV DXI GHP
+DUPRQLXP JHZDKUJHZRUGHQ DOVHU DXIPHUNVDP GHQ .RSI HUKRE
XQGNDXPZDUGHU1DPHJHQDQQWZRUGHQGHQHUDXV)UDX$QWRQLHQV


0XQGHRIW JHQXJ JHK|UW KDWWH DOV HU HLQHQUDVFKHQ %OLFN ]X VHLQHU
6FKZHVWHU KLQEHUZDUI XQG +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHU PLW VHLQHU
JHZLQQHQGVWHQ /LHEHQVZUGLJNHLW EHJU‰WH« (U QDKP QLFKW HUVW
3ODW]0DQJLQJ VRIRUWLQV =ZLVFKHQJHVFKR‰ KLQXQWHU ZR0DPVHOO
-XQJPDQQGHQ7LVFKJHGHFNWKDWWHXQGGHQ6DPRZDUVXPPHQOLH‰±
HLQHQ HFKWHQ 6DPRZDU HLQ *HVFKHQN GHV 3DVWRUV 7LEXUWLXV XQG
VHLQHU*DWWLQ
ª¶VWXDWVHQNOHLFKW©VDJWH+HUU3HUPDQHGHUDOVHUVLFKQLHGHUOLH‰
XQGGLH$XVZDKODQNDOWHU.FKHDXIGHP7LVFKHEHUEOLFNWH«+LH
XQG GD LQ GHU 0HKU]DKO ZHQLJVWHQV EHGLHQWH HU VLFK PLW GHP
KDUPORVHVWHQ *HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN GHU ]ZHLWHQ 3HUVRQ EHL GHU $QUHGH
ª(V LVW QLFKW JHUDGH +RIEUlX +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU DEHU LPPHUKLQ
JHQLH‰EDUHU DOV XQVHU HLQKHLPLVFKHV *HEUlX© 8QG GHU .RQVXO
VFKHQNWHLKPYRQGHPEUDXQVFKlXPHQGHQ3RUWHUHLQGHQHUVHOEVW
XPGLHVH=HLW]XWULQNHQSIOHJWH
ª'RQN VFKHHQ +HUU 1DFKERKU© VDJWH +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU NDXHQG
XQGPHUNWHQLFKWVYRQGHPHQWVHW]WHQ%OLFNGHQ0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQ
LKP ]XZDUI 9RQ GHP 3RUWHU DEHU JHQR‰ HU PLW VROFKHU
=XUFNKDOWXQJ GD‰ GLH .RQVXOLQ HLQH %RXWHLOOH 5RWZHLQ
KHUDXINRPPHQOLH‰ZRUDXIHUPHUNOLFKPXQWHUHUZXUGHXQGZLHGHU
PLW)UDX*UQOLFK]XSODXGHUQEHJDQQ(UVD‰GHV%DXFKHVZHJHQ
]LHPOLFK ZHLW YRP 7LVFKH HQWIHUQW KLHOW VHLQH %HLQH ZHLW
YRQHLQDQGHUXQGOLH‰PHLVWHQVGHQHLQHQVHLQHUNXU]HQ$UPHPLWGHU
IHLVWHQ ZHL‰HQ +DQG VHQNUHFKW DQ GHU 6WXKOOHKQH KLQXQWHUKlQJHQ
ZlKUHQG HU GHQ GLFNHQ .RSI PLW GHP 6HHKXQGVVFKQXUUEDUW HLQ
ZHQLJ ]XU 6HLWH JHOHJW PLW GHP $XVGUXFN HLQHU YHUGULH‰OLFKHQ
%HKDJOLFKNHLW XQG HLQHP WUHXKHU]LJHQ %OLQ]HOQ VHLQHU $XJHQULW]HQ
7RQ\¶V5HGHQXQG$QWZRUWHQDQK|UWH
0LW ]LHUOLFKHQ %HZHJXQJHQ ]HUOHJWH VLH LKP %UDWOLQJH ZRULQ HU
JDU NHLQH hEXQJ EHVD‰ XQG KLHOW QLFKW PLW GLHVHU RGHU MHQHU
%HWUDFKWXQJ EHU GDV /HEHQ ]XUFN« ª2 *RWW ZLH WUDXULJ LVW HV
GRFK +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU GD‰ DOOHV *XWH XQG 6FK|QH LP /HEHQ VR
VFKQHOO YRUEHUJHKW© VDJWH VLH PLW %H]XJ DXI LKUHQ 0QFKHQHU
$XIHQWKDOW OHJWH IU HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN 0HVVHU XQG *DEHO IRUW XQG
VDK HUQVW ]XU 'HFNH HPSRU hEULJHQV PDFKWH VLH GDQQ XQG ZDQQ
HEHQVRGUROOLJHZLHWDOHQWORVH9HUVXFKHLQED\HULVFKHU0XQGDUW]X
VSUHFKHQ


:lKUHQG GHU 0DKO]HLW SRFKWH HV XQG GHU .RQWRUOHKUOLQJ
EHUEUDFKWHHLQ7HOHJUDPP 'HU .RQVXOODVHV LQGHP HU GLH ODQJH
6SLW]H VHLQHV 6FKQXUUEDUWHV ODQJVDP GXUFK GLH )LQJHU JOHLWHQ OLH‰
XQG REJOHLFK PDQ VDK GD‰ HU DQJHVWUHQJW PLW GHP ,QKDOW GHU
'HSHVFKHEHVFKlIWLJWZDUIUDJWHHUGDEHLLPOHLFKWHVWHQ7RQHª:LH
JHKHQGLH*HVFKlIWH+HUU3HUPDQHGHU"«(VLVWJXW©VDJWHHUJOHLFK
GDUDXI]XGHP/HKUOLQJXQGGHUMXQJH0HQVFKYHUVFKZDQG
ª2PHL+HUU1DFKERKU©DQWZRUWHWH+HUU3HUPDQHGHUXQGZDQGWH
VLFK PLW GHU 8QEHKROIHQKHLW HLQHV 0DQQHV GHU HLQHQ GLFNHQ XQG
VWHLIHQ+DOVKDWQDFKGHV.RQVXOV6HLWHXPQXQGHQDQGHUHQ$UP
DQ GHU 6WXKOOHKQH KLQXQWHUKlQJHQ ]X ODVVHQ ª'R LV QL[¶Q ]¶UHG¶Q
G|V LV KDOW D 3ORJ 6FKDXQ 6¶ 0QFKHQ©  HU VSUDFK GHQ 1DPHQ
VHLQHU 9DWHUVWDGW VWHWV LQ HLQHU :HLVH DXV GD‰ PDQ QXU HUUDWHQ
NRQQWHZDVJHPHLQWZDUª0QFKHQLVNRDQH*¶VFKlIWVVWDGW«'D
ZLOODQMHGHUVHL¶5XK¶XQGVHL¶0D‰«8QGD'HSHVFKHQWXDW PDQ
IHLQRWOHVHQEHLP(VVHQG|VIHLQHW-HW]WGDKDEHQ6¶GDKHUREHQDQ
RQGHUHQ6FKQHLG6DNUDPHQW«?ODQJ,?ODQJGRQNVFKHHQ
LQHKP¶VFKRQRFKD*ODVHUO«(VLVD.UHL]0HL¶.RPSDJQRQGHU
1RSSHKDWDOOZHLOQDFK1UQEHUJJ¶ZROOWZHLOV¶GDGLH%RUV¶KDP
XQG DQ 8QWHUQHKPXQJVJHLVW   DEHU L YHUOR‰ PHL 0QFKHQ QRW«
'|VIHLQRW(VLVKDOWD.UHL]6FKDXQ6¶GDKDPHUG|GDPLVFKH
.RQNXUUHQ]G|GDPLVFKH«XQGGHU([SRUWG|VLVVFKR]¶P/RFKHQ
  6RJDU LQ 5X‰ODQG ZHUGHQ V¶ QlFKVWHQV DQIDQJHQ VHOEHU D
3IODQ]HQ]¶EDXHQ«©
3O|W]OLFK DEHU ZDUI HU GHP .RQVXO HLQHQ XQJHZ|KQOLFK KXUWLJHQ
%OLFN ]X XQG VDJWH ªhEULJHQV« L ZLOO QL[HQ J¶VDJW KDP +HUU
1DFKERKU '|V LV IHL D QHWW¶V *¶VFKlIWHUO 0HU PDFKHQ D *HOG PLW
GHU $NWLHQ%UDXHUHL ZRYRQ GHU 1LHGHUSDXU 'LUHNWRU LV ZLVVHQ 6¶
'|VLVDJDQ]DNORDQH*¶VHOOVFKDIWJ¶ZHVHQDEHUPHUKDPHDKQDDQ
.UHGLWJHEHQXQGDEDUHV*ROG«]XYLHU3UR]HQWDXI+\SRWKHN
GDPLW V¶ HDKQHUH *HElXG¶ KDP YHUJUH‰HUQ N|QQHQ« 8QG MHW]W
PRFKHQ V¶ DQ *¶VFKlIW XQG PHU KDP DQ 8PVDW] XQG D
-DKUHVHLQQDKP¶  G|V KDXW VFKR© VFKOR‰ +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU OHKQWH
GDQNHQG=LJDUHWWHXQG=LJDUUHDE]RJPLW9HUODXEVHLQH3IHLIHPLW
ODQJHP+RUQNRSIDXVGHU7DVFKHXQGOLH‰VLFKYRQ4XDOPXPKOOW
PLWGHP.RQVXOLQHLQJHVFKlIWOLFKHV*HVSUlFKHLQZHOFKHVVRGDQQ
DXIGDVSROLWLVFKH*HELHWKLQEHUJOLWWXQGYRQ%D\HUQV9HUKlOWQLV]X


3UHX‰HQYRP.|QLJH0D[XQGGHP.DLVHU1DSROHRQKDQGHOWH«HLQ
*HVSUlFK GDV +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU KLH XQG GD PLW YROONRPPHQ
XQYHUVWlQGOLFKHQ5HGHZHQGXQJHQZU]WHXQGGHVVHQ3DXVHQHURKQH
HUNHQQEDUH %H]LHKXQJ PLW 6WR‰VHXI]HUQ DXVIOOWH ZLH ª,V G|V D
+HW]©RGHUª'HVVDQ*¶VFKLFKWHQ©
0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ YHUJD‰ YRU (UVWDXQHQ DXFK ZHQQ VLH HLQHQ
%LVVHQ LP 0XQGH KDWWH EHVWlQGLJ ]X NDXHQ XQG EOLFNWH GHQ *DVW
VSUDFKORV DXV LKUHQ EODQNHQ EUDXQHQ $XJHQ DQ ZREHL VLH LKUHU
*HZRKQKHLWQDFK0HVVHUXQG*DEHOVHQNUHFKWDXIGHP7LVFKHKLHOW
XQG EHLGHV OHLFKW KLQ XQG KHU EHZHJWH 6ROFKH /DXWH KDWWHQ GLHVH
5lXPH QRFK QLFKW YHUQRPPHQ VROFKHU 3IHLIHQUDXFKKDWWHVLH QRFK
QLFKW HUIOOW VROFKH YHUGURVVHQ EHKDJOLFKH )RUPORVLJNHLW GHV
%HQHKPHQVZDULKQHQIUHPG«'LH.RQVXOLQYHUKDUUWHQDFKGHPVLH
HLQH EHVRUJWH (UNXQGLJXQJ EHU GLH $QIHFKWXQJHQ HLQJH]RJHQ
GHQHQ HLQH VR NOHLQH HYDQJHOLVFKH *HPHLQGH XQWHU ODXWHU 3DSLVWHQ
DXVJHVHW]W VHLQ PX‰WH LQ IUHXQGOLFKHU 9HUVWlQGQLVORVLJNHLW XQG
7RQ\ VFKLHQ LP 9HUODXI GHU 0DKO]HLW HLQ ZHQLJ QDFKGHQNOLFK XQG
XQUXKLJ JHZRUGHQ ]X VHLQ 'HU .RQVXO DEHU DPVLHUWH VLFK JDQ]
YRUWUHIIOLFKEHZRJVRJDUVHLQH0XWWHUHLQH]ZHLWH)ODVFKH5RWZHLQ
KHUDXINRPPHQ ]X ODVVHQ XQG OXG +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHU OHEKDIW ]X
HLQHP %HVXFKH LQ GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H HLQ VHLQH )UDX ZHUGH
DX‰HURUGHQWOLFKHUIUHXWVHLQ«
9ROOHGUHL6WXQGHQQDFKVHLQHU$QNXQIWEHJDQQGHU+RSIHQKlQGOHU
$QVWDOWHQ ]XP $XIEUXFK ]X WUHIIHQ NORSIWH VHLQH 3IHLIH DXV OHHUWH
VHLQ*ODVHUNOlUWHLUJHQGHWZDVIUHLQª.UHL]©XQGHUKREVLFK
ª+REGLHbKUHJQlGLJH)UDX«3IXDW,KQD*RWW)UDX*UQOLFK«
3IXDW *RWW +HUU %XGGHQEURRN«© %HL GLHVHU $QUHGH ]XFNWH ,GD
-XQJPDQQ VRJDU ]XVDPPHQ XQG YHUIlUEWH VLFK« ª*XWHQ 7DJ
)UHLOHLQ«©(UVDJWHEHLP)RUWJHKHQª*XWHQ7DJ©«
'LH .RQVXOLQ XQG LKU 6RKQ ZHFKVHOWHQ HLQHQ %OLFN« +HUU
3HUPDQHGHU KDWWH GLH $EVLFKW NXQGJHJHEHQ QXQ LQ GHQ
EHVFKHLGHQHQ *DVWKRI DQ GHU 7UDYH ]XUFN]XNHKUHQ ZRVHOEVW HU
DEJHVWLHJHQ ZDU« ª'LH 0QFKHQHU )UHXQGLQ PHLQHU 7RFKWHU XQG
LKU *DWWH© VDJWH GLH DOWH 'DPH LQGHP VLH QRFK HLQPDO DXI +HUUQ
3HUPDQHGHU ]XWUDW ªVLQG IHUQ XQG ZLU ZHUGHQ ZRKO QLFKW VREDOG
*HOHJHQKHLW KDEHQ XQV IU LKUH *DVWIUHXQGVFKDIW HUNHQQWOLFK ]X
HUZHLVHQ $EHU ZHQQ 6LH OLHEHU +HUU XQV GLH )UHXGH PDFKHQ


ZUGHQ VRODQJH 6LH LQ XQVHUHU 6WDGW VLQG EHL XQV
YRUOLHE]XQHKPHQ«6LHZUGHQXQVKHU]OLFKZLOONRPPHQVHLQ«©
6LHKLHOWLKPGLH+DQGKLQXQGVLHKHGD+HUU3HUPDQHGHUVFKOXJ
RKQH%HGHQNHQHLQHEHQVRUDVFKXQGEHUHLWZLOOLJZLHGLHMHQLJH]XP
)UKVWFN QDKP HU DXFK GLHVH (LQODGXQJ DQ N‰WH GHQ EHLGHQ
'DPHQGLH+DQGZDVLKP]LHPOLFKPHUNZUGLJ]X*HVLFKWHVWDQG
KROWH +XW XQG 6WRFN DXV GHP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU YHUVSUDFK
QRFKPDOV VRJOHLFK VHLQHQ .RIIHU KHUEHLVFKDIIHQ ]X ODVVHQ XQG XP
YLHU8KUQDFK(UOHGLJXQJVHLQHU*HVFKlIWHZLHGHU]XU6WHOOH]XVHLQ
XQG OLH‰ VLFK YRP .RQVXO GLH 7UHSSH KLQXQWHUEHJOHLWHQ $P
:LQGIDQJ DEHU ZHQGHWH HU VLFK QRFK HLQPDO XP XQG VSUDFK PLW
HLQHP VWLOOEHJHLVWHUWHQ .RSIVFKWWHOQ ª1L[ IU XQJXW +HUU
1DFKERKU,KUH)UDX6FKZHVWHUG|VLVVFKRDOLDEHU.HUO3IXDW,KQD
*RWW©8QGLPPHUQRFKNRSIVFKWWHOQGYHUVFKZDQGHU
'HU .RQVXO HPSIDQG GDV GULQJHQGVWH %HGUIQLV VLFK QRFKPDOV
KLQDXI]XEHJHEHQXQGQDFKGHQ'DPHQXP]XVHKHQ,GD-XQJPDQQ
OLHI EHUHLWV PLW %HWWZlVFKH LP +DXVH XPKHU XP HLQH 6WXEH DP
.RUULGRUKHU]XULFKWHQ
'LH.RQVXOLQVD‰QRFKDP)UKVWFNVWLVFKKLHOWLKUHKHOOHQ$XJHQ
DXIHLQHQ)OHFNGHU=LPPHUGHFNHJHULFKWHWXQGWURPPHOWHPLWLKUHQ
ZHL‰HQ)LQJHUQOHLFKWDXIGDV7LVFKWXFK7RQ\VD‰DP)HQVWHUKLHOW
GLH$UPHYHUVFKUlQNWXQGEOLFNWHZHGHUUHFKWVQRFKOLQNV VRQGHUQ
PLW ZUGLJHU XQG VRJDU VWUHQJHU 0LHQH JHUDGHDXV (V KHUUVFKWH
6FKZHLJHQª1XQ"©IUDJWH7KRPDVLQGHPHULQGHU7UVWHKHQEOLHE
XQG GHU 'RVH PLW GHU 7URLND HLQH =LJDUHWWH HQWQDKP« 6HLQH
6FKXOWHUQEHZHJWHQVLFKDXIXQGDEYRU/DFKHQ
ª(LQDQJHQHKPHU0DQQ©HUZLGHUWHGLH.RQVXOLQKDUPORV
ª*DQ]PHLQH$QVLFKW©'DQQPDFKWHGHU.RQVXOHLQHVFKQHOOHXQG
EHUDXV JDODQWH KXPRULVWLVFKH :HQGXQJ QDFK 7RQ\¶V 6HLWH DOV
EHIUDJWHHUHKUHUELHWLJVWDXFKVLHXPLKUH0HLQXQJ6LHVFKZLHJ6LH
EOLFNWHVWUHQJJHUDGHDXV
ª$EHU PLFK GQNW 7RP HU VROOWH GDV )OXFKHQ ODVVHQ© IXKU GLH
.RQVXOLQ HLQ ZHQLJ EHNPPHUW IRUW ª9HUVWDQG LFK LKQ UHFKW VR
VSUDFKHULQHLQHU:HLVHYRP6DNUDPHQWHXQGYRP.UHX]H«©
ª2KGDVPDFKWQLFKWV0XWWHUGDEHLGHQNWHUQLFKWV%|VHV«©


ª8QG YLHOOHLFKW HLQ ZHQLJ ]X YLHO 1RQFKDODQFH LP %HQHKPHQ
7RPZLH"©
ª-D OLHEHU *RWW GDV LVW VGGHXWVFK© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO DWPHWH
ODQJVDP GHQ 5DXFK LQ GLH 6WXEH KLQHLQ OlFKHOWH VHLQHU 0XWWHU ]X
XQG OLH‰ YHUVWRKOHQ VHLQH $XJHQ DXI 7RQ\ UXKHQ 'LH .RQVXOLQ
EHPHUNWH GDV GXUFKDXV QLFKW ª'X NRPPVW KHXWH PLW *HUGD ]X
7LVFKHQLFKWZDKU7RP"7XWPLUGLH/LHEH©
ª*HUQ 0XWWHU PLW GHP JU|‰WHQ 9HUJQJHQ (KUOLFK JHVDJW LFK
YHUSUHFKH PLU YLHO 9HUJQJHQ YRQ GLHVHP +DXVEHVXFK 'X QLFKW
DXFK"'DVLVWGRFKHLQPDOHWZDVDQGHUHVDOVGHLQH*HLVWOLFKHQ«©
ª-HGHUQDFKVHLQHU$UW7RP©
ª(LQYHUVWDQGHQ ,FK JHKH« $SURSRV© VDJWH HU GHQ 7UJULII LQ
GHU+DQGª'XKDVWHQWVFKLHGHQHQ(LQGUXFNDXILKQJHPDFKW7RQ\
1HLQ JDQ] RKQH =ZHLIHO :HL‰W GX ZLH HU GLFK HEHQ GD XQWHQ
JHQDQQWKDW"¾(LQOLHEHU.HUO½±GDVVLQGVHLQH:RUWH«©
+LHU DEHU ZDQGWH )UDX *UQOLFK VLFK XP XQG VDJWH PLW ODXWHU
6WLPPHª*XW7RPGXHU]lKOVWPLUGLHV«HUZLUGHVGLUZRKOQLFKW
YHUERWHQKDEHQDEHUWURW]GHPZHL‰LFKQLFKWREHVSDVVHQGLVWGD‰
GXHVPLUKLQWHUEULQJVW'DVDEHUZHL‰LFKXQGGDVP|FKWHLFKGHQQ
GRFK DXVVSUHFKHQ GD‰ HV LQ GLHVHP /HEHQ QLFKW GDUDXI DQNRPPW
ZLHHWZDVDXVJHVSURFKHQXQGDXVJHGUFNWZLUGVRQGHUQ ZLH HV LP
+HU]HQ JHPHLQW XQG HPSIXQGHQ LVW XQG ZHQQ GX GLFK EHU +HUUQ
3HUPDQHGHUV $XVGUXFNVZHLVH PRNLHUVW« ZHQQ GX LKQ HWZD
OlFKHUOLFKILQGHVW«©
ª:HQ" $EHU 7RQ\ LFK GHQNH JDU QLFKW GDUDQ :RUEHU HUHLIHUVW
GXGLFK«©
ª$VVH]©VDJWHGLH.RQVXOLQXQGZDUILKUHP6RKQHHLQHQHUQVWHQ
XQGELWWHQGHQ%OLFN]XZHOFKHUEHGHXWHWH6FKRQHVLH
ª1DQLFKWE|VHVHLQ7RQ\©VDJWHHUª,FKKDEHGLFKQLFKWlUJHUQ
ZROOHQ6RXQGQXQJHKHLFKXQGJHEH2UGUHGD‰MHPDQGYRQGHQ
6SHLFKHUOHXWHQGHQ.RIIHUKLHUKHUEHVRUJW«$XI:LHGHUVHKQ©


)QIWHV.DSLWHO

+HUU 3HUPDQHGHU ]RJ LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H HLQ HU VSHLVWH DP


IROJHQGHQ 7DJH EHL 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN XQG VHLQHU *DWWLQ XQG
PDFKWH DP GULWWHQ HLQHP 'RQQHUVWDJH GLH %HNDQQWVFKDIW -XVWXV
.U|JHUV XQG VHLQHU )UDX GHU 'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN DXV GHU %UHLWHQ
6WUD‰HGLHLKQIRUFKWEDUNRPLVFKIDQGHQVLHVDJWHQªIRUFKWEDU©±
6HVHPL :HLFKEURGWV GLH LKQ ]LHPOLFK VWUHQJ EHKDQGHOWH VRZLH
GLHMHQLJHGHUDUPHQ.ORWKLOGHXQGGHUNOHLQHQ(ULNDZHOFKHUHUHLQH
7WHPLWª*XW]HOQ©GDVKHL‰W%RQERQVEHUUHLFKWH«
(U ZDU YRQ XQYHUZVWOLFK JHPWOLFKHU /DXQH PLW VHLQHQ
YHUGULH‰OLFKHQ 6WR‰VHXI]HUQ GLH QLFKWV EHGHXWHWHQ XQG DXV HLQHP
hEHUIOX‰ PLW %HKDJOLFKNHLW KHUYRU]XJHKHQ VFKLHQHQ VHLQHU 3IHLIH
VHLQHU NXULRVHQ 6SUDFKH GHU XQYHUGURVVHQHQ 6H‰KDIWLJNHLW PLW GHU
HU ODQJH QDFK GHQ 0DKO]HLWHQ LQ EHTXHPVWHU +DOWXQJ DQ VHLQHP
3ODW]HYHUKDUUWHUDXFKWHWUDQNXQGSODXVFKWHXQG REJOHLFK HU GHP
VWLOOHQ/HEHQLQGHPDOWHQ+DXVHHLQHQJDQ]QHXHQXQGIUHPGHQ7RQ
KLQ]XIJWH REJOHLFK VHLQ JDQ]HV :HVHQ JOHLFKVDP HWZDV
6WLOZLGULJHV LQ GLHVH 5lXPH EUDFKWH VW|UWH HU GRFK NHLQH GHU
KHUUVFKHQGHQ *HZRKQKHLWHQ (U ZRKQWH WUHX GHQ 0RUJHQ XQG
$EHQGDQGDFKWHQ EHL HUEDW VLFK GLH (UODXEQLV HLQPDO GHU
6RQQWDJVVFKXOH GHU .RQVXOLQ ]X]XK|UHQ XQG HUVFKLHQ VRJDU DP
-HUXVDOHPVDEHQG DXI HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN LP 6DDOH XP VLFK GHQ
'DPHQYRUVWHOOHQ]XODVVHQZRUDXIHUVLFKIUHLOLFKDOV/HD*HUKDUGW
YRU]XOHVHQEHJDQQYHUVW|UW]XUFN]RJ
6HLQH (UVFKHLQXQJ ZDU UDVFK EHNDQQW LQ GHU 6WDGW XQG LQ GHQ
JUR‰HQ +lXVHUQ VSUDFK PDQ PLW 1HXJLHU YRQ GHP
%XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ *lVWH DXV %D\HUQ DEHU ZHGHU LQ GHQ )DPLOLHQ
QRFK DQ GHU %|UVH EHVD‰ HU 9HUELQGXQJHQ XQG GD GLH -DKUHV]HLW
YRUJHVFKULWWHQZDUGDPDQ]XPJUR‰HQ7HLOHVLFKDQVFKLFNWHDQGLH
6HH]XJHKHQQDKPGHU.RQVXO$EVWDQGYRQHLQHU(LQIKUXQJ+HUUQ
3HUPDQHGHUVLQGLH*HVHOOVFKDIW(UVHOEVWZLGPHWHVLFKGHP*lVWH
OHEKDIW XQG DQJHOHJHQWOLFK 7URW] DOOHQ JHVFKlIWOLFKHQ XQG
VWlGWLVFKHQ 3IOLFKWHQ QDKP HU VLFK =HLW LKQ LQ GHU 6WDGW
XPKHU]XIXKUHQ LKP DOOH PLWWHODOWHUOLFKHQ 6HKHQVZUGLJNHLWHQ GLH
.LUFKHQ GLH 7RUH GLH %UXQQHQ GHQ 0DUNW GDV 5DWKDXV GLH
¾6FKLIIHUJHVHOOVFKDIW½ ]X ]HLJHQ LKQ LQ DOO XQG MHGHU :HLVH ]X


XQWHUKDOWHQ LKQ LPPHUKLQ DXFK DQ GHU %|UVH PLW VHLQHQ QlFKVWHQ
)UHXQGHQEHNDQQW]XPDFKHQ«XQGDOVGLH.RQVXOLQVHLQH0XWWHU
*HOHJHQKHLW QDKP LKP IU VHLQH 2SIHUZLOOLJNHLW 'DQN ]X VDJHQ
EHPHUNWHHUWURFNHQª7MD0XWWHUZDVWXWPDQQLFKWDOOHV«©
'LHVHV :RUW OLH‰ GLH .RQVXOLQ VR XQEHDQWZRUWHW GD‰ VLH QLFKW
HLQPDOOlFKHOWHQLFKWHLQPDOGLH/LGHUEHZHJWHVRQGHUQLKUHKHOOHQ
$XJHQ VWLOO EHLVHLWH JOHLWHQ OLH‰ XQG LUJHQGHLQH )UDJH LQ DQGHUHU
%H]LHKXQJWDW«
6LH ZDU YRQ JOHLFKPl‰LJ KHU]OLFKHU )UHXQGOLFKNHLW JHJHQ +HUUQ
3HUPDQHGHU ZDV VR XQEHGLQJW YRQ LKUHU 7RFKWHU QLFKW JHVDJW
ZHUGHQ NRQQWH =ZHL .LQGHUWDJHQ KDWWH GHU +RSIHQKlQGOHU VFKRQ
DQJHZRKQW  GHQQ REJOHLFK HU EHUHLWV DP GULWWHQ RGHU YLHUWHQ 7DJH
QDFK VHLQHU $QNXQIW EHLOlXILJ ]X HUNHQQHQ JHJHEHQ KDWWH GD‰ VHLQ
*HVFKlIW PLW GHU KLHVLJHQ %UDXHUHL HUOHGLJW VHL ZDUHQ DOOJHPDFK
DQGHUWKDOE :RFKHQ VHLWGHP YHUIORVVHQ  XQG DQ MHGHP GLHVHU
'RQQHUVWDJDEHQGH KDWWH )UDX *UQOLFK PHKUPDOV ZHQQ +HUU
3HUPDQHGHU VSUDFK XQG DJLHUWH KXUWLJH XQG VFKHXH %OLFNH DXI GHQ
)DPLOLHQNUHLV DXI 2QNHO -XVWXV GLH &RXVLQHQ %XGGHQEURRN RGHU
7KRPDVJHZRUIHQZDUHUU|WHWKDWWHVLFKZlKUHQGOlQJHUHU0LQXWHQ
VWHLIXQGVWXPPYHUKDOWHQRGHUVRJDUGDV=LPPHUYHUODVVHQ«
'LH JUQHQ 6WRUHV LQ )UDX *UQOLFKV 6FKODI]LPPHU LP ]ZHLWHQ
6WRFNZHUNZXUGHQVDFKWYRQGHPODXHQ$WHPHLQHUNODUHQ-XQLQDFKW
EHZHJW GHQQ GLH EHLGHQ )HQVWHU VWDQGHQ RIIHQ $XI GHP
1DFKWWLVFKFKHQ]XU6HLWHGHV+LPPHOEHWWHVEUDQQWHQLQHLQHP*ODVH
DXI HLQHU gOVFKLFKW GLH LKUHUVHLWV DXI GHP :DVVHU VFKZDPP PLW
GHP GDV *ODV ]XU +lOIWH JHIOOW ZDU PHKUHUH NOHLQH 'RFKWH XQG
JDEHQ GHP JUR‰HQ =LPPHU PLW VHLQHQ JHUDGOLQLJHQ $UPVWKOHQ
GHUHQ3ROVWHU]XP6FKW]HPLWJUDXHU/HLQZDQGEH]RJHQZDUHQHLQ
VWLOOHV HEHQPl‰LJHV XQG VFKZDFKHV /LFKW )UDX *UQOLFK UXKWH LP
%HWWH,KUKEVFKHU.RSIZDUZHLFKLQGLHYRQEUHLWHQ6SLW]HQERUWHQ
XPJHEHQHQ.LVVHQJHVXQNHQXQGLKUH+lQGHODJHQJHIDOWHWDXIGHU
6WHSSGHFNH $EHU LKUH $XJHQ ]X QDFKGHQNOLFK XP VLFK ]X
VFKOLH‰HQ IROJWHQ ODQJVDP GHQ %HZHJXQJHQ HLQHV JUR‰HQ ,QVHNWHV
PLW ODQJHP /HLEH GDV VWDQGKDIW PLW 0LOOLRQHQ ODXWORVHU
)OJHOVFKZLQJXQJHQGDVKHOOH*ODVXPNUHLVWH«1HEHQGHP%HWWDQ
GHU:DQG ]ZLVFKHQ ]ZHLDOWHQ.XSIHUVWLFKHQ $QVLFKWHQ GHU 6WDGW
DXV GHP 0LWWHODOWHU ZDU HLQJHUDKPW GHU 6SUXFK ]X OHVHQ ª%HILHKO


GHP +HUUQ GHLQH :HJH«© DEHU LVW GDV HLQ 7URVW ZHQQ PDQ XP
0LWWHUQDFKW PLW RIIHQHQ $XJHQ OLHJW XQG VLFK HQWVFKOLH‰HQ VLFK
HQWVFKHLGHQ JDQ] DOOHLQ XQG RKQH 5DW PLW -D RGHU 1HLQ EHU VHLQ
/HEHQXQGQLFKWQXUGDUEHUHQWVFKHLGHQVROO"
(V ZDU VHKU VWLOO 1XU GLH :DQGXKU WLFNWH XQG GDQQ XQG ZDQQ
HUNODQJLP1HEHQ]LPPHUGDVYRQ7RQ\¶V 6FKODI]LPPHU QXU GXUFK
3RUWLHUHQJHWUHQQWZDUGDV5lXVSHUQ0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQV'RUWZDU
QRFK KHOOHV /LFKW 'LH WUHXH 3UHX‰LQ VD‰ QRFK DXIUHFKW DP
$XV]LHKWLVFKH XQWHU GHU +lQJHODPSH XQG VWRSIWH 6WUPSIH IU GLH
NOHLQH (ULND GHUHQ WLHIH XQG IULHGOLFKH $WHP]JH PDQ YHUQHKPHQ
NRQQWH GHQQ 6HVHPL :HLFKEURGWV =|JOLQJH KDWWHQ QXQ
6RPPHUIHULHQXQGGDV.LQGZRKQWHLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰H
)UDX *UQOLFK ULFKWHWH VLFK PLW HLQHP 6HXI]HU HLQ ZHQLJ HPSRU
XQGVWW]WHGHQ.RSILQGLH+DQGª,GD"©IUDJWHVLHPLWYHUKDOWHQHU
6WLPPHªVLW]HVWGXQRFKGDXQGVWRSIVW"©
ª-D MD 7RQ\FKHQ PHLQ .LQGFKHQ© OLH‰ VLFK ,GD¶V 6WLPPH
K|UHQ« ª6FKODI QXU ZLUVW PRUJHQ IUK DXIVWHKHQ PVVHQ ZLUVW
QLFKWDXVJHVFKODIHQKDEHQ©
ª6FKRQJXW,GD«'XZHFNVWPLFKDOVRPRUJHQXPVHFKV"©
ª+DOE VLHEHQ LVW IUK JHQXJ PHLQ .LQGFKHQ 'HU :DJHQ LVW DXI
DFKWEHVWHOOW6FKODIQXQZHLWHUGD‰GXZLUVWKEVFKIULVFKVHLQ«©
ª$FKLFKKDEHQRFKJDUQLFKWJHVFKODIHQ©
ª(L HL 7RQ\FKHQ GDV LVW QLFKW UHFKW ZLUVW GRFK LQ 6FKZDUWDX
QLFKW PDURGH VHLQ ZROOHQ" 7ULQN VLHEHQ 6FKOXFN :DVVHU OHJ GLFK
UHFKWVXQG]lKOELVWDXVHQG«©
ª$FK ,GD ELWWH NRPP GRFK QRFK HLQ EL‰FKHQ KHUEHU ,FK NDQQ
QLFKW VFKODIHQ ZLOO LFK GLU VDJHQ LFK PX‰ VR YLHO GHQNHQ GD‰ GHU
.RSIPLUZHKWXW«VLHKPDOLFKJODXEHLFKKDEH)LHEHUXQGGDQQ
LVWHVZLHGHUGHU0DJHQRGHUHVLVW%OHLFKVXFKWGHQQGLH$GHUQDQ
PHLQHQ 6FKOlIHQ VLQG JDQ] JHVFKZROOHQ XQG SXOVLHUHQ GD‰ HV ZHK
WXWVRYROOVLQGVLHZDVMDQLFKWDXVVFKOLH‰WGD‰WURW]GHP]XZHQLJ
%OXWLP.RSIHLVW«©
(LQ 6WXKO ZDUG JHUFNW XQG ,GD -XQJPDQQV NQRFKLJH UVWLJH
*HVWDOWLQLKUHPVFKOLFKWHQXQGXQPRGHUQHQEUDXQHQ.OHLGHUVFKLHQ


]ZLVFKHQGHQ3RUWLHUHQª(LHL7RQ\FKHQ)LHEHU"/D‰PDOIKOHQ
PHLQ.LQGFKHQ«:ROO¶QPDOHLQ.RPSUH‰FKHQPDFKHQ«©
8QGPLWLKUHQHLQZHQLJPlQQOLFKODQJHQXQGIHVWHQ6FKULWWHQJLQJ
VLH ]XU .RPPRGH XQG KROWH HLQ 7DVFKHQWXFK WDXFKWH HV LQ GLH
:DVFKVFKVVHO WUDW ZLHGHU DQV %HWW XQG OHJWH HV EHKXWVDP DXI
7RQ\¶V 6WLUQ ZRUDXI VLH HV QRFK HLQ SDDUPDO PLW EHLGHQ +lQGHQ
JODWW VWULFK ª'DQNH ,GD GDV WXW JXW« $FK VHW] GLFK QRFK HLQ
EL‰FKHQ]XPLUJXWHDOWH ,GD KLHU DXI GHQ %HWWUDQG 6LHK PDOLFK
PX‰EHVWlQGLJDQPRUJHQGHQNHQ«:DVVROOLFKEOR‰WXQ"%HLPLU
GUHKWVLFKDOOHVLP.RSIHKHUXP©
,GD KDWWH VLFK ]X LKU JHVHW]W KDWWH LKUH 1DGHO XQG GHQ EHU GLH
6WRSINXJHO JH]RJHQHQ 6WUXPSI ZLHGHU ]XU +DQG JHQRPPHQ XQG
ZlKUHQG VLH GHQ JODWWHQ JUDXHQ 6FKHLWHO QHLJWH XQG PLW LKUHQ
XQHUPGOLFKEODQNHQEUDXQHQ$XJHQGLH6WLFKHYHUIROJWHVDJWHVLH
ª0HLQVWGXGD‰HUZLUGIUDJHQPRUJHQ"©
ª6LFKHU,GD'DLVWJDUNHLQ=ZHLIHO'LH*HOHJHQKHLWZLUGHUQLFKW
YHUSDVVHQ :LH ZDU¶V PLW &ODUD" $XFK DXI VROFKHU 3DUWLH« ,FK
N|QQWHHVMDYHUPHLGHQVLHKVWGX,FKN|QQWHPLFKMD]XGHQDQGHUHQ
KDOWHQXQGLKQQLFKWKHUDQNRPPHQODVVHQ«$EHUGDPLWLVWHVGDQQ
DXFK YRUEHL (U UHLVW EHUPRUJHQ GDV KDW HU JHVDJW XQG HU NDQQ
DXFKXQP|JOLFKOlQJHUEOHLEHQZHQQPRUJHQQLFKWVGDUDXVZLUG«
(VPX‰VLFKPRUJHQHQWVFKHLGHQ«$EHUZDVVROOLFKQXUVDJHQ,GD
ZHQQ HU IUDJW" 'X ELVW QRFK QLH YHUKHLUDWHW JHZHVHQ XQG NHQQVW
GDKHUGDV/HEHQHLJHQWOLFKQLFKWDEHUGXELVWHLQHKUOLFKHV:HLEXQG
KDVW GHLQHQ 9HUVWDQG XQG ELVW ]ZHLXQGYLHU]LJ -DKUH DOW .DQQVW GX
PLUQLFKWUDWHQ",FKKDE¶HVVRQ|WLJ«©
,GD -XQJPDQQ OLH‰ GHQ 6WUXPSI LQ GHQ 6FKR‰ VLQNHQ ª-D MD
7RQ\FKHQ KDE¶ DXFK VFKRQ YLHO GUEHU QDFKMHGDFKW $EHU ZDV LFK
ILQGHGDVLVWGD‰GDJDUQLFKWVPHKU]XUDWHQLVWPHLQ.LQGFKHQ(U
NDQQJDUQLFKWPHKUZHJ© ,GDVDJWH ªZHFN©  ªRKQHPLWGLUXQG
GHLQHU 0DPD ]X VSUHFKHQ XQG ZHQQ GX QLFKW ZLUVW ZROOHQ MD GD
KlWW¶VWLKQPVVHQIUKHUZHFNVFKLFNHQ«©
ª'DKDVWGXUHFKW,GDDEHUGDVNRQQWHLFKGRFKQLFKWGHQQHVVROO
MDVFKOLH‰OLFKGRFKVHLQ,FKPX‰QXULPPHUGHQNHQ1RFKNDQQLFK
]XUFN QRFK LVW HV QLFKW ]X VSlW 8QG GD OLHJH LFK QXQ XQG TXlOH
PLFK«©


ª0DJVWLKQOHLGHQ7RQ\FKHQ"6DJPDOHKUOLFK©
ª-D,GD'DP‰WHLFKOJHQZHQQLFKGDVOHXJQHQZROOWH(ULVW
QLFKWVFK|QDEHUGDUDXINRPPWHVQLFKWDQLQGLHVHP/HEHQXQGHU
LVW HLQ JUXQGJXWHU 0DQQ XQG NHLQHU %RVKHLW IlKLJ GDV JODXEH PLU
:HQQ LFK DQ *UQOLFK GHQNH« R *RWW HU VDJWH EHVWlQGLJ GD‰ HU
UHJH XQG ILQGLJ VHL XQG EHPlQWHOWH LQ WFNLVFKHU :HLVH VHLQH
)LORXKDIWLJNHLW«6RLVW3HUPDQHGHUQLFKWVLHKVWGX(ULVWP|FKWH
LFKVDJHQ]XEHTXHPGD]XXQGQLPPWGDV/HEHQ]XJHPWOLFKGD]X
ZDV EULJHQV DQGHUHUVHLWV DXFK ZLHGHU HLQ 9RUZXUI LVW GHQQ
0LOOLRQlU ZLUG HU VLFKHU QLFKW ZHUGHQ XQG QHLJW JODXEH LFK HLQ
EL‰FKHQ GD]X VLFK JHKHQ]XODVVHQ XQG VR ZHLWHU]XZXUVWHOQ ZLH VLH
GD XQWHQ VDJHQ« 'HQQ VLH VLQG DOOH VR GRUW XQWHQ XQG GDV LVW HV
ZDV LFK VDJHQ ZROOWH ,GD GDV LVWGLH 6DFKH 1lPOLFKLQ 0QFKHQ
ZRHUXQWHUVHLQHVJOHLFKHQZDUXQWHU/HXWHQGLHVRVSUDFKHQXQGVR
ZDUHQ ZLH HU GD OLHEWH LFK LKQ JHUDGH]X VR QHWW IDQG LFK LKQ VR
WUHXKHU]LJ XQG EHKDJOLFK 8QG LFK PHUNWH DXFK JOHLFK GD‰ HV
JHJHQVHLWLJ ZDU  ZR]X YLHOOHLFKW EHLWUXJ GD‰ HU PLFK IU HLQH
UHLFKH )UDX KlOW IU UHLFKHU IUFKWH LFK DOV LFK ELQ GHQQ 0XWWHU
NDQQ PLU QLFKW PHKU YLHO PLWJHEHQ ZLH GX ZHL‰W« $EHU GDV ZLUG
LKPQLFKWVDXVPDFKHQELQLFKEHU]HXJW6RVHKUYLHO*HOGGDVLVW
JDUQLFKWQDFKVHLQHP6LQQ«*HQXJ«ZDVZROOWHLFKVDJHQ,GD"©
ª,Q0QFKHQ7RQ\FKHQDEHUKLHU"©
ª$EHUKLHU,GD'XPHUNVWVFKRQZDVLFKVDJHQZLOO+LHUZRHU
VR JDQ] DXV VHLQHU HLJHQWOLFKHQ 8PJHEXQJ KHUDXVJHULVVHQ LVW ZR
DOOHDQGHUVVLQGVWUHQJHUXQGHKUJHL]LJHUXQGZUGLJHUVR]XVDJHQ«
KLHUPX‰LFKPLFKRIWIULKQJHQLHUHQMDLFKJHVWHKHHVGLURIIHQ
,GDLFKELQHLQHKUOLFKHV:HLELFKJHQLHUHPLFKIULKQREJOHLFKHV
YLHOOHLFKWHLQH6FKOHFKWLJNHLWYRQPLULVW6LHKVWGX«PHKUHUH0DOH
LVW HV JDQ] HLQIDFK YRUJHNRPPHQ GD‰ HU LP *HVSUlFKH ¾PLU½ VWDWW
¾PLFK½ JHVDJW KDW 'DV WXW PDQ GD XQWHQ ,GD GDV NRPPW YRU GDV
SDVVLHUWGHQJHELOGHWVWHQ0HQVFKHQZHQQVLHJXWHU/DXQHVLQGXQG
WXW NHLQHP ZHK XQG NRVWHW QLFKWV XQG OlXIW VR PLW XQWHU XQG
QLHPDQGZXQGHUWVLFK$EHUKLHUVLHKW0XWWHULKQYRQGHU6HLWHDQ
XQG 7RP ]LHKW GLH $XJHQEUDXH KRFK XQG 2QNHO -XVWXV JLEW VLFK
HLQHQ 5XFN XQG SUXVFKW EHLQDKH ZLH GLH .U|JHUV LPPHU WXQ XQG
3ILIIL%XGGHQEURRNZLUIWLKUHU0XWWHURGHU)ULHGHULNHRGHU+HQULHWWH
HLQHQ %OLFN ]X XQG GDQQ VFKlPH LFK PLFK VR VHKU GD‰ LFK DP


OLHEVWHQ DXV GHU 6WXEH ODXIHQ P|FKWH XQG NDQQ PLU QLFKW GHQNHQ
GD‰LFKLKQKHLUDWHQN|QQWH«©
ª$FKZR7RQ\FKHQ6ROOVWMDDXFKLQ0QFKHQPLWLKPOHEHQ©
ª'D KDVW GX UHFKW ,GD $EHU QXQ NRPPW GLH 9HUOREXQJ XQG GLH
ZLUGJHIHLHUWXQGQXQELWWHLFKGLFKZHQQLFKPLFKYRUGHU)DPLOLH
XQGYRU.LVWHQPDNHUVXQG0|OOHQGRUSIVXQGGHQDQGHUHQEHVWlQGLJ
VFKlPHQ PX‰ ZHLO HU VR ZHQLJ YRUQHKP LVW« DFK *UQOLFK ZDU
YRUQHKPHU ZRIU HU DOOHUGLQJV LQQHUOLFK VFKZDU] ZDU ZLH +HUU
6WHQJHO VHLQHU]HLW LPPHU JHVDJW KDEHQ VROO« ,GD GHU .RSI GUHKW
VLFKPLUELWWHWDXFKGLH.RPSUHVVHHLQ©
ª6FKOLH‰OLFK VROO HV MD GRFK VHLQ© VDJWH VLH ZLHGHU LQGHP VLH
DXIDWPHQG GHQ NDOWHQ 8PVFKODJ HQWJHJHQQDKP ªGHQQ GLH
+DXSWVDFKH LVW XQG EOHLEW GD‰ LFK ZLHGHU XQWHU GLH +DXEH NRPPH
XQG KLHU QLFKW OlQJHU DOV JHVFKLHGHQH )UDX KHUXPOLHJH« $FK ,GD
LFK PX‰ VR YLHO ]XUFNGHQNHQ LQ GLHVHQ 7DJHQ DQ GDPDOV DOV
*UQOLFK ]XHUVW HUVFKLHQ XQG DQ GLH $XIWULWWH GLH HU PLU PDFKWH 
VNDQGDO|V ,GD  XQG GDQQ 7UDYHPQGH 6FKZDU]NRSIV«© VDJWH
VLHODQJVDPXQGLKUH$XJHQUXKWHQHLQH:HLOHWUlXPHULVFKDXIGHU
JHVWRSIWHQ 6WHOOH YRQ (ULND¶V 6WUXPSI« ªXQG GDQQ GLH 9HUOREXQJ
XQG(LPVEWWHOXQGXQVHU+DXV±HVZDUYRUQHKP,GDZHQQLFKDQ
PHLQH6FKODIU|FNHGHQNH«6RZHUGHLFKHVQLFKWZLHGHUKDEHQPLW
3HUPDQHGHUGDV/HEHQPDFKWHLQHQLPPHUEHVFKHLGHQHUZHL‰WGX
XQG'RNWRU.ODD‰HQXQGGDV.LQGXQG%DQNLHU.HVVHOPH\HU«XQG
GDQQ GDV (QGH  HV ZDU HQWVHW]OLFK GX PDFKVW GLU NHLQHQ %HJULII
XQGZHQQPDQVRJUDXHQKDIWH(UIDKUXQJHQJHPDFKWKDWLP/HEHQ«
$EHU3HUPDQHGHUZLUGVLFKQLFKWDXIVFKPXW]LJH6DFKHQHLQODVVHQ±
GDVLVWGDVOHW]WHZDVLFKLKP]XWUDXHXQGJHVFKlIWOLFKN|QQHQZLU
XQV JXW DXI LKQ YHUODVVHQ GHQQ LFK JODXEH ZLUNOLFK GD‰ HU PLW
1RSSH EHL GHU 1LHGHUSDXU¶VHKHQ %UDXHUHL ]LHPOLFK YLHO YHUGLHQW
8QGZHQQLFKVHLQH)UDXELQ,GDGDVVROOVWGXVHKHQGDQQZLOOLFK
VFKRQGDIUVRUJHQGD‰HUHKUJHL]LJHUZLUGXQGXQVZHLWHUEULQJWXQG
VLFK DQVWUHQJW XQG PLU XQG XQV DOOHQ (KUH PDFKW GHQQ GLH
9HUSIOLFKWXQJEHUQLPPWHUVFKOLH‰OLFKZHQQHUHLQH%XGGHQEURRN
KHLUDWHW©
6LHIDOWHWHGLH+lQGHXQWHUP.RSIXQGVDK]XU'HFNHKLQDXIª-D
GDV LVW QXQ JXW XQG JHUQ VHLQH ]HKQ -DKUH KHU VHLW LFK *UQOLFK
QDKP«=HKQ-DKUH8QGQXQELQLFKZLHGHUVRZHLWXQGVROOZLHGHU


MHPDQGHP PHLQ -DZRUW HUWHLOHQ:HL‰W GX ,GD GDV /HEHQ LVW GRFK
IXUFKWEDU HUQVW« $EHU GHU 8QWHUVFKLHG LVWGD‰ GDPDOV HLQ JUR‰HV
:HVHQJHPDFKWZXUGHXQGDOOHPLFKGUlQJWHQXQGTXlOWHQXQGGD‰
VLFK MHW]W DOOH JDQ] VWLOO YHUKDOWHQ XQG HV DOV VHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFK
QHKPHQGD‰LFK-DVDJHGHQQGXPX‰WZLVVHQ,GDGLHVH9HUOREXQJ
PLW$ORLVLFKVDJHVFKRQ$ORLVGHQQHVVROOMDVFKOLH‰OLFKGRFKVHLQ
LVWJDUQLFKWV)HVWOLFKHVXQG)UHXGLJHVXQGXPPHLQ*OFNKDQGHOW
HV VLFK HLJHQWOLFK JDU QLFKW GDEHL VRQGHUQ LQGHP LFK GLHVH ]ZHLWH
(KHHLQJHKHPDFKHLFKQXULQDOOHU5XKHXQG6HOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKNHLW
PHLQH HUVWH (KH ZLHGHU JXW GHQQ GDV LVW PHLQH 3IOLFKW XQVHUHP
1DPHQJHJHQEHU6RGHQNW0XWWHUXQGVRGHQNW7RP«©
ª$FK ZR 7RQ\FKHQ ZHQQ LKQ QLFKW ZLUVW ZROOHQ XQG ZHQQ HU
GLFKQLFKWZLUGJOFNOLFKPDFKHQ«©
ª,GD LFK NHQQH GDV /HEHQ XQG ELQ NHLQH *DQV PHKU XQG KDEH
PHLQH $XJHQ LP .RSI 0XWWHU« GDV PDJ VHLQ GLH ZUGH QLFKW
JHUDGH]X GDUDXI GULQJHQ GHQQ EHU IUDJZUGLJH 'LQJH JHKW VLH
KLQZHJXQGVDJW$VVH]$EHU7RPGHUZLOOHV/HKUHGXPLFK7RP
NHQQHQ:HL‰WGXZLH7RPGHQNW"(UGHQNW¾-HGHU-HGHUGHUQLFKW
DEVROXW XQZUGLJ LVW 'HQQ HV KDQGHOW VLFK GLHVPDO QLFKW XP HLQH
JOlQ]HQGH 3DUWLH VRQGHUQ QXU GDUXP GD‰ GLH 6FKDUWH YRQ GDPDOV
GXUFK HLQH ]ZHLWH (KH VR XQJHIlKU ZLHGHU DXVJHZHW]W ZLUG½ 6R
GHQNWHU8QGVREDOG3HUPDQHGHUDQJHNRPPHQZDUKDW7RPLQDOOHU
6WLOOH JHVFKlIWOLFKH (UNXQGLJXQJHQ EHU LKQ HLQJH]RJHQ GD VHL
EHU]HXJWXQGDOVGLH]LHPOLFKJQVWLJXQGVLFKHUODXWHWHQ GD ZDU
HV EHVFKORVVHQH 6DFKH EHL LKP« 7RP LVW HLQ 3ROLWLNHU XQG ZHL‰
ZDVHUZLOO:HUKDW&KULVWLDQDQGLH/XIWJHVHW]W"«2EJOHLFKGDV
HLQKDUWHV:RUWLVW,GDDEHUHVYHUKlOWVLFKVR8QGZDUXP":HLOHU
GLH)LUPDXQGGLH)DPLOLHNRPSURPLWWLHUWHXQGGDVWXHLFKLQVHLQHQ
$XJHQ DXFK ,GD QLFKW PLW 7DWHQ XQG :RUWHQ VRQGHUQ PLW PHLQHU
EOR‰HQ ([LVWHQ] DOV JHVFKLHGHQH )UDX 'DV ZLOO HU VROO DXIK|UHQ
XQG GDPLW KDW HU UHFKW XQG LFK OLHEH LKQ GDUXP EHL *RWW QLFKW
ZHQLJHU XQG KRIIH DXFK GD‰ GDV DXI *HJHQVHLWLJNHLW EHUXKW
6FKOLH‰OLFK KDEH LFK PLFK LQ DOO GLHVHQ -DKUHQ LPPHU GDQDFK
JHVHKQWZLHGHULQV /HEHQ KLQDXV]XWUHWHQ GHQQLFKODQJZHLOH PLFK
EHL0XWWHU*RWWVWUDIHPLFKZHQQGDVHLQH6QGHLVWDEHULFKELQ
NDXP GUHL‰LJ XQG IKOH PLFK MXQJ 'DV LVW YHUVFKLHGHQ YHUWHLOW LP


/HEHQ ,GD GX KDWWHVW PLW GUHL‰LJ VFKRQ JUDXHV +DDU GDV OLHJW LQ
HXUHU)DPLOLHXQGGHLQ2QNHO3UDKOGHUDP6FKOXFNDXIVWDUE«©
6LH VWHOOWH QRFK PHKUHUH %HWUDFKWXQJHQ DQ LQ GLHVHU 1DFKW VDJWH
KLH XQG GD QRFK HLQPDO ª6FKOLH‰OLFK VROO HV MD GRFK VR VHLQ© XQG
VFKOXPPHUWHGDQQIQI6WXQGHQODQJVDQIWXQGWLHI

6HFKVWHV.DSLWHO

'XQVWODJEHUGHU6WDGWDEHU+HUU/RQJXHW0LHWNXWVFKHQEHVLW]HU
LQ GHU -RKDQQLVVWUD‰H GHU XP DFKW 8KU LQ HLJHQHU 3HUVRQ HLQHQ
JHGHFNWHQ DEHU DQ DOOHQ 6HLWHQ RIIHQHQ *HVHOOVFKDIWVZDJHQ LQ GHU
0HQJVWUD‰HYRUIXKUVDJWHª,Q¶QHUOWWHQ6WXQG¶LVGH6QQGXUFK©
XQGVRPLWNRQQWHPDQEHUXKLJWVHLQ
'LH.RQVXOLQ$QWRQLH+HUU3HUPDQHGHU(ULNDXQG,GD-XQJPDQQ
KDWWHQPLWHLQDQGHUJHIUKVWFNWXQGIDQGHQVLFKQXQHLQHUQDFKGHP
DQGHUHQUHLVHIHUWLJDXIGHUJUR‰HQ'LHOHHLQXP*HUGDXQG7RP]X
HUZDUWHQ )UDX *UQOLFK LQ FUHPHIDUEHQHP .OHLGH PLW HLQHU
$WODVNUDZDWWHXQWHUP.LQQVDKWURW]GHUYHUNU]WHQ1DFKWUXKHJDQ]
YRUWUHIIOLFK DXV =DJHQ XQG )UDJHQ VFKLHQHQ LQ LKU HLQ (QGH
JHIXQGHQ]XKDEHQGHQQLKUH0LHQHZlKUHQGVLHLP*HVSUlFKPLW
GHP *DVWH ODQJVDP GLH .Q|SIH LKUHU OHLFKWHQ +DQGVFKXKH VFKOR‰
ZDU UXKLJ VLFKHU IDVW IHLHUOLFK« 6LH KDWWH GLH 6WLPPXQJ
ZLHGHUJHIXQGHQ GLH LKU DXV IUKHUHQ =HLWHQ KHU ZRKOEHNDQQW ZDU
'DV*HIKOLKUHU:LFKWLJNHLWGHU%HGHXWVDPNHLWGHU(QWVFKHLGXQJ
GLH LKU DQKHLPJHVWHOOW ZDU GDV %HZX‰WVHLQ GD‰ DEHUPDOV HLQ 7DJ
JHNRPPHQVHLGHUHVLKU]XU3IOLFKWPDFKHPLWHUQVWHP(QWVFKOX‰
LQGLH*HVFKLFKWHLKUHU)DPLOLHHLQ]XJUHLIHQHUIOOWHVLHXQGPDFKWH
LKU+HU]K|KHUVFKODJHQ'LHVH1DFKWKDWWHVLHLP7UDXPHGLH6WHOOH
LQGHQ)DPLOLHQSDSLHUHQYRU$XJHQJHVHKHQDQGHUVLHGLH7DWVDFKH
LKUHU ]ZHLWHQ 9HUOREXQJ ]X YHUPHUNHQ JHGDFKWH« GLHVH 7DWVDFKH
GLH MHQHQ VFKZDU]HQ )OHFNHQ GHQ GLH %OlWWHU HQWKLHOWHQ WLOJWH XQG
EHGHXWXQJVORVPDFKWHXQGQXQIUHXWHVLHVLFKPLW6SDQQXQJDXIGHQ
$XJHQEOLFNZR7RPHUVFKHLQHQXQGVLHLKQPLWHUQVWKDIWHP1LFNHQ
EHJU‰HQZUGH«


(WZDVYHUVSlWHWGHQQGLHMXQJH.RQVXOLQ%XGGHQEURRNZDUQLFKW
JHZRKQWVRIUKLKUH7RLOHWWH]XEHHQGHQWUDIGHU.RQVXOPLWVHLQHU
*DWWLQ HLQ (U VDK JXW XQG PXQWHU DXV LQ VHLQHP KHOOEUDXQHQ
NOHLQNDULHUWHQ $Q]XJ GHVVHQ EUHLWH 5HYHUV GHQ 5DQG GHU
6RPPHUZHVWHVHKHQOLH‰HQXQGVHLQH$XJHQOlFKHOWHQDOVHU7RQ\¶V
XQYHUJOHLFKOLFKZUGHYROOH0LHQHJHZDKUWH$EHU*HUGDGHUHQHLQ
ZHQLJPRUELGHXQGUlWVHOKDIWH6FK|QKHLWHLQHQVHOWVDPHQ*HJHQVDW]
]X GHU KEVFKHQ *HVXQGKHLW LKUHU 6FKZlJHULQ ELOGHWH ]HLJWH
GXUFKDXV NHLQH 6RQQWDJV XQG $XVIOXJVVWLPPXQJ :DKUVFKHLQOLFK
KDWWH VLH QLFKW DXVJHVFKODIHQ 'DV VDWWH /LOD GDV GLH *UXQGIDUEH
LKUHU 5REH DXVPDFKWH XQG LQ K|FKVW HLJHQDUWLJHU :HLVH PLW GHP
'XQNHOURW LKUHV VFKZHUHQ +DDUHV ]XVDPPHQNODQJ OLH‰ LKUHQ 7HLQW
QRFK ZHL‰HU QRFK PDWWHU HUVFKHLQHQ WLHIHU XQG GXQNOHU DOV VRQVW
ODJHUWHQ LQ GHQ :LQNHOQ LKUHU QDKH EHLHLQDQGHUOLHJHQGHQ EUDXQHQ
$XJHQEOlXOLFKH6FKDWWHQ« .DOW ERW VLH LKUHU 6FKZLHJHUPXWWHU GLH
6WLUQ]XP.XVVHUHLFKWH+HUUQ3HUPDQHGHUPLW]LHPOLFKLURQLVFKHP
$XVGUXFN GLH +DQG XQG DOV )UDX *UQOLFK EHL LKUHP $QEOLFN GLH
+lQGH ]XVDPPHQVFKOXJ XQG PLW ODXWHU 6WLPPH DXVULHI ª*HUGD R
*RWW ZLH VFKRQ ELVW GX ZLHGHU © DQWZRUWHWH VLH OHGLJOLFK PLW
HLQHPDEOHKQHQGHQ/lFKHOQ
6LH KHJWH HLQH WLHIH $EQHLJXQJ JHJHQ 8QWHUQHKPXQJHQ ZLH GLH
KHXWLJH ]XPDO LP 6RPPHU XQG QXQ JDU DP 6RQQWDJH 6LH GHUHQ
:RKQUlXPH PHLVWHQV YHUKlQJW LP 'lPPHUOLFKW ODJHQ XQG GLH
VHOWHQ DXVJLQJ IUFKWHWH GLH 6RQQH GHQ 6WDXE GLH IHVWWlJOLFK
JHNOHLGHWHQ.OHLQEUJHUGHQ*HUXFKYRQ.DIIHH%LHU7DEDN«XQG
EHU DOOHV LQ GHU :HOW YHUDEVFKHXWH VLH GLH (UKLW]XQJ GDV
'HUDQJHPHQWª0HLQOLHEHU)UHXQG©KDWWHVLHEHLOlXILJ]X 7KRPDV
JHVDJW DOV GLH $XVIDKUW QDFK 6FKZDUWDX XQG GHP ¾5LHVHEXVFK½
YHUDEUHGHWZRUGHQ ZDU GDPLW GHU 0QFKHQHU *DVW DXFKHLQ ZHQLJ
YRQ GHU 8PJHEXQJ GHU DOWHQ 6WDGW NHQQHQOHUQH  ªGX ZHL‰W ZLH
*RWWPLFKJHPDFKWKDWELQLFKDXI5XKHXQG$OOWDJ DQJHZLHVHQ«
,Q GLHVHP )DOOH LVW PDQ IU $QUHJXQJ XQG $EZHFKVOXQJ QLFKW
JHVFKDIIHQ1LFKWZDKULKUGLVSHQVLHUWPLFK«©
6LH ZUGH LKQ QLFKW JHKHLUDWHW KDEHQ ZHQQ VLH QLFKW EHL VROFKHQ
'LQJHQ LP ZHVHQWOLFKHQ VHLQHU =XVWLPPXQJ VLFKHU JHZHVHQ ZlUH
ª-D OLHEHU *RWW GX KDVW QDWUOLFK UHFKW *HUGD 'D‰ PDQ VLFK EHL
GHUDUWLJHQ 6DFKHQ DPVLHUW LVW PHLVWHQV EOR‰ (LQELOGXQJ« $EHU


PDQPDFKWVLHHEHQPLWZHLOPDQYRUGHQDQGHUHQXQGVLFKVHOEVW
QLFKW JHUQ DOV 6RQGHUOLQJ HUVFKHLQHQ P|FKWH 'LHVH (LWHONHLW KHJW
MHGHU GX QLFKW"« 0DQ JHUlW VRQVW OHLFKW LQ HLQHQ 6FKHLQ YRQ
9HUHLQVDPXQJ XQG 8QJOFN XQG E‰W DQ $FKWXQJ HLQ 8QG GDQQ
QRFK HLQV OLHEH *HUGD« :LU DOOH KDEHQ 8UVDFKH GHP +HUUQ
3HUPDQHGHUHLQEL‰FKHQGHQ+RI]XPDFKHQ,FK]ZHLIOHQLFKWGD‰
GXGLH6LWXDWLRQEHUVLHKVW(VHQWZLFNHOWVLFKGDHWZDVXQGHVZlUH
VFKDGHJDQ]HLQIDFKVFKDGHNlPHHVQLFKW]XVWDQGH«©
ª,FK VHKH QLFKW HLQ OLHEHU )UHXQG LQZLHIHUQ PHLQH *HJHQZDUW«
DEHU JOHLFKYLHO 'D GX HV ZQVFKHVW VR VHL HV /DVVHQ ZLU GLHV
9HUJQJHQEHUXQVHUJHKHQ©
ª,FKZHUGHGLUDXIULFKWLJYHUEXQGHQVHLQ©
0DQ WUDW DXI GLH 6WUD‰H KLQDXV« :DKUKDIWLJ VFKRQ MHW]W EHJDQQ
GLH6RQQHGXUFK GHQ0RUJHQGXQVW ]X GULQJHQVRQQWlJOLFK OlXWHWHQ
GLH *ORFNHQ YRQ 6DQNW 0DULHQ XQG 9RJHOJH]ZLWVFKHU HUIOOWH GLH
/XIW 'HU .XWVFKHU ]RJ GHQ +XW XQG PLW GHP SDWULDUFKDOLVFKHQ
:RKOZROOHQ GDV 7KRPDV PDQFKPDO HLQ EL‰FKHQ LQ 9HUOHJHQKHLW
EUDFKWHQLFNWHGLH.RQVXOLQHLQEHUDXVKHU]OLFKHVª*XWHQ0RUJHQ
OLHEHU 0DQQ© ]X LKP KLQDXI ª$OVR HLQJHVWLHJHQ GHQQ QXQ LKU
/LHEHQ(VZlUH=HLW]XU)UKSUHGLJWDEHUKHXW¶ZROOHQZLU*RWWLQ
VHLQHU IUHLHQ 1DWXU PLW XQVHUHQ +HU]HQ OREHQ QLFKW ZDKU +HUU
3HUPDQHGHU"©
ª,VVFKRUHFKW)UDX.RQVXO©
8QGPDQNOHWWHUWHQDFKHLQDQGHUEHUGLHEHLGHQ%OHFKVWXIHQGXUFK
GDVVFKPDOH+LQWHUWUFKHQLQGHQ:DJHQKLQHLQGHU]HKQ3HUVRQHQ
JHID‰W KDEHQ ZUGH XQG PDFKWH HV VLFK DXI GHQ 3ROVWHUQ EHTXHP
GLH  RKQH =ZHLIHO ]X (KUHQ +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHUV  EODX XQG ZHL‰
JHVWUHLIWZDUHQ'DQQNOLQNWHGDV7UFKHQLQV6FKOR‰+HUU/RQJXHW
VFKQDO]WHPLWGHU=XQJHXQGVWLH‰XQWHUVFKLHGOLFKH+RXQG+5XIH
DXVVHLQHPXVNXO|VHQ%UDXQHQ]RJHQDQXQGGDV*HIlKUWUROOWHGLH
0HQJVWUD‰HKLQXQWHUHQWODQJGHU7UDYHDP+ROVWHQWRUHYRUEHLXQG
VSlWHUQDFKUHFKWVDXIGHU6FKZDUWDXHU/DQGVWUD‰HGDKLQ«
)HOGHU:LHVHQ%DXPJUXSSHQ*HK|IWH«XQGPDQVXFKWHLQGHP
LPPHUK|KHUHQGQQHUHQEODXHUHQ'XQVWQDFKGHQ/HUFKHQGHUHQ
6WLPPHQ PDQ YHUQDKP 7KRPDV GHU =LJDUHWWHQ UDXFKWH VDK
DXIPHUNVDPXPVLFKZHQQPDQDQ*HWUHLGHYRUEHUNDPXQG]HLJWH


+HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHU ZLH HV VWDQG 'HU +RSIHQKlQGOHU ZDU LQ HLQHU
ZDKUKDIW MXJHQGOLFKHQ /DXQH KDWWH VHLQHQ JUQHQ +XW PLW GHP
*HPVEDUWHLQZHQLJVFKLHIJHVHW]WEDODQFLHUWHVHLQHQ6WRFNPLWGHP
XQJHKHXUHQ+RUQJULIIDXIVHLQHUZHL‰HQXQGEUHLWHQ+DQGIOlFKHXQG
VRJDU DXI GHU 8QWHUOLSSH HLQ .XQVWVWFN ZHOFKHP REJOHLFK HV
EHVWlQGLJ PL‰ODQJ EHVRQGHUV YRQ 6HLWHQ GHU NOHLQHQ (ULND ODXWHU
%HLIDOO ]XWHLO ZDUG XQG ZLHGHUKROWH PHKUHUH 0DOH ª'LH =XJVSLW]¶
ZLUG¶VKDOWQHWVHLQDEHUDZHQJNUD[HOQZHUPHUGRFKXQGD+HW]
ZHUPHUKDPD*DXGLDVDNULVFKHVJHOWHQ6¶)UDX*UQOLFK"©
'DQQ EHJDQQ HU PLW YLHOHP 7HPSHUDPHQW YRQ %HUJSDUWLHQ PLW
5XFNVDFN XQG (LVSLFNHO ]X HU]lKOHQ ZRIU LKQ GLH .RQVXOLQ PLW
PHKUHUHQ EHZXQGHUQGHQ ª'DXVHQG© EHORKQWH XQG EHGDXHUWHGDQQ
DXV LUJHQGHLQHP *HGDQNHQJDQJH KHUDXV PLW EHZHJWHQ :RUWHQ GLH
$EZHVHQKHLW&KULVWLDQVYRQGHPHUJHK|UWKDEHGD‰HUJDU VR HLQ
OXVWLJHU +HUU VHL ª8QWHUVFKLHGOLFK© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO ª$EHU EHL
VROFKHQ *HOHJHQKHLWHQ LVW HU XQYHUJOHLFKOLFK GDV LVW ZDKU  :LU
ZHUGHQ .UHEVH HVVHQ +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU© ULHI HU DXIJHUlXPW
ª.UHEVHXQG2VWVHHNUDEEHQ6LHKDEHQVFKRQEHLPHLQHU0XWWHUHLQ
SDDUPDOGDYRQJHNRVWHWDEHUPHLQ)UHXQG'LHFNPDQQGHU%HVLW]HU
GHU5HVWDXUDWLRQ¾=XP5LHVHEXVFK½IXKUWVLHVWHWVLQKHUYRUUDJHQGHU
4XDOLWlW 8QG 3IHIIHUQVVH GLH EHUKPWHQ 3IHIIHUQVVH GLHVHU
*HJHQG2GHULVWLKU5XIELVDQGLH,VDUQRFKQLFKWJHGUXQJHQ"1XQ
6LHZHUGHQVHKHQ©
)UDX *UQOLFKOLH‰ ]ZHL RGHU GUHLPDO GHQ :DJHQ KDOWHQ XP DP
&KDXVVHHUDQGH 0RKQ XQG .RUQEOXPHQ ]X SIOFNHQ XQG MHGHVPDO
EHWHXHUWH+HUU3HUPDQHGHUPLWZDKUHU:LOGKHLWLKUGDEHLEHKLOIOLFK
VHLQ ]X ZROOHQ GD HU VLFK DEHU YRU GHP (LQ XQG $XVVWHLJHQ HLQ
ZHQLJIUFKWHWHVRXQWHUOLH‰HUHVGHQQRFK
(ULNDMXEHOWHEHUMHGH.UlKHGLHDXIIORJXQG,GD-XQJPDQQGLH
ZLH LPPHU EHLP VLFKHUVWHQ :HWWHU HLQHQ ODQJHQ RIIHQHQ
5HJHQPDQWHO QHEVW 5HJHQVFKLUP WUXJ VWLPPWH DOV HLQH ULFKWLJH
.LQGHUSIOHJHULQ GLH DXI GLH NLQGOLFKHQ 6WLPPXQJHQ QLFKW QXU
lX‰HUOLFK HLQJHKW VRQGHUQ VLH HEHQVR NLQGOLFK PLWHPSILQGHW PLW
LKUHPXQJHQLHUWHQXQGHWZDVZLHKHUQGHQ/DFKHQHLQVRGD‰*HUGD
GLHVLHQLFKWKDWWHLQGHU)DPLOLHJUDXZHUGHQVHKHQVLHZLHGHUKROW
HLQLJHUPD‰HQNDOWXQGHUVWDXQWEHWUDFKWHWH«


0DQZDULP2OGHQEXUJLVFKHQ%XFKHQZDOGXQJHQNDPHQLQ6LFKW
GHU:DJHQIXKUGXUFKGHQ2UWEHUGDV0DUNWSOlW]FKHQPLWVHLQHP
=LHKEUXQQHQ JHODQJWH ZLHGHULQV )UHLH UROOWH EHU GLH %UFNH GLH
EHUGDV)O‰FKHQ$XIXKUWXQGKLHOWHQGOLFKYRUGHPHLQVW|FNLJHQ
:LUWVKDXV ¾=XP 5LHVHEXVFK½ 'LHV ZDU DQ GHU HLQHQ 6HLWH HLQHV
IODFKHQ 3ODW]HV PLW *UDVIOlFKHQ VDQGLJHQ :HJHQ XQG OlQGOLFKHQ
%HHWHQ JHOHJHQ XQG MHQVHLWV GLHVHV 3ODW]HV HUKRE VLFK
DPSKLWKHDWUDOLVFKDXIVWHLJHQGGHU:DOG'LHHLQ]HOQHQ6WXIHQZDUHQ
GXUFK UDXK DQJHOHJWH 7UHSSHQ YHUEXQGHQ ]X GHQHQ PDQ
KRFKOLHJHQGH %DXPZXU]HOQ XQG YRUVSULQJHQGHV *HVWHLQ EHQXW]W
KDWWH XQG DXI GHQ (WDJHQ ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ %lXPHQ ZDUHQ ZHL‰
JHVWULFKHQH7LVFKH%lQNHXQG6WKOHDXIJHVFKODJHQ
%XGGHQEURRNV ZDUHQ NHLQHVZHJV GLH HUVWHQ *lVWH (LQ SDDU
ZRKOJHQlKUWH 0lJGH XQG VRJDU HLQ .HOOQHU LQ IHWWLJHP )UDFN
PDUVFKLHUWHQ HLOIHUWLJ EHU GHQ 3ODW] XQG WUXJHQ NDOWH .FKH
/LPRQDGHQ0LOFKXQG%LHU]XGHQ7LVFKHQKLQDXIDQGHQHQZHQQ
DXFK LQ ZHLWHUHQ $EVWlQGHQ VFKRQ PHKUHUH )DPLOLHQ PLW .LQGHUQ
3ODW]JHQRPPHQKDWWHQ
+HUU 'LHFNPDQQ GHU :LUW LQ JHOEJHVWLFNWHP .lSSFKHQ XQG
+HPGlUPHOQ WUDW SHUV|QOLFK DQ GHQ 6FKODJ XP GHQ +HUUVFKDIWHQ
EHLP $XVVWHLJHQ EHKLOIOLFK ]X VHLQ XQG ZlKUHQG /RQJXHW EHLVHLWH
IXKUXPDXV]XVSDQQHQVDJWHGLH.RQVXOLQ ª:LU PDFKHQ QXQ DOVR
]XQlFKVW HLQHQ 6SD]LHUJDQJ JXWHU 0DQQ XQG P|FKWHQ GDQQ QDFK
HLQHU6WXQGHRGHUDQGHUWKDOEHLQ)UKVWFNKDEHQ%LWWHODVVHQ6LH
XQVGUEHQVHUYLHUHQ«DEHUQLFKW]XKRFKDXIGHP]ZHLWHQ$EVDW]
GQNWPLFK«©
ª6WUHQJHQ6LHVLFKDQ'LHFNPDQQ©IJWHGHU.RQVXOKLQ]Xª:LU
KDEHQHLQHQYHUZ|KQWHQ*DVW«©
+HUU3HUPDQHGHUSURWHVWLHUWHª.D6SXU$%LHUXQGD.DDV«©
$OOHLQGDVYHUVWDQG+HUU'LHFNPDQQQLFKWVRQGHUQHUEHJDQQPLW
JUR‰HU *HOlXILJNHLW ª$OOHQV ZDV GD LV +HUU .XQVHO« .UHEVH
.UDEEHQ GLYHUVH :XUVW GLYHUVH .lVH JHUlXFKHUWHQ $DO
JHUlXFKHUWHQ/DFKVJHUlXFKHUWHQ6W|U«©
ª6FK|Q 'LHFNPDQQ 6LH ZHUGHQ GDV VFKRQ PDFKHQ 8QG GDQQ
JHEHQ 6LH XQV  VHFKV *OlVHU 0LOFK XQG HLQ 6HLGHO %LHU ZHQQ LFK
QLFKWLUUH+HUU3HUPDQHGHUZLH"«©


ª(LQPDO %LHU VHFKVPDO 0LOFK« 6‰H 0LOFK %XWWHUPLOFK GLFNH
0LOFK6DWWHQPLOFK+HUU.XQVHO«©
ª+DOEXQGKDOE'LHFNPDQQV‰H0LOFKXQG%XWWHUPLOFK,QHLQHU
6WXQGHDOVR©
8QGVLHJLQJHQEHUGHQ3ODW]ª=XQlFKVWOLHJWHVXQVQXQREGLH
4XHOOH]XEHVXFKHQ+HUU3HUPDQHGHU©VDJWH7KRPDVª'LH4XHOOH
GDV KHL‰W GLH 4XHOOH GHU $X XQG GLH $X LVW GDV NOHLQH )O‰FKHQ
GDUDQ6FKZDUWDXOLHJWXQGGDUDQLPJUDXHQ0LWWHODOWHUXUVSUQJOLFK
XQVHUH6WDGWJHOHJHQZDUELVVLHQLHGHUEUDQQWHVLHZLUGZRKOQLFKW
VHKU GXUDEHO JHZHVHQ VHLQ ZLVVHQ 6LH  XQG DQ GHU 7UDYH ZLHGHU
DXIJHEDXWZXUGHhEULJHQVNQSIHQVLFKVFKPHU]OLFKH(ULQQHUXQJHQ
DQGHQ1DPHQGHV)O‰FKHQV$OV-XQJHQIDQGHQZLUHVZLW]LJXQV
HLQDQGHULQGHQ$UP]XNQHLIHQXQG]XIUDJHQ:LHKHL‰WGHU )OX‰
EHL6FKZDUWDX":RUDXIPDQQDWUOLFK ZHLOV ZHKWDW ZLGHU:LOOHQ
GHQ 1DPHQ ULHI« 'D© XQWHUEUDFK HU VLFK SO|W]OLFK ]HKQ 6FKULWWH
YRQGHP$QVWLHJHQWIHUQWªZLUVLQGEHUKROWZRUGHQ0|OOHQGRUSIV
XQG+DJHQVWU|PV©
,Q GHU 7DW GRUW REHQ DXI GHU GULWWHQ (WDJH GHU ZDOGLJHQ 7HUUDVVH
VD‰HQ GLH KDXSWVlFKOLFKVWHQ 0LWJOLHGHU GLHVHU EHLGHQ YRUWHLOKDIW
OLLHUWHQ)DPLOLHQDQ]ZHL]XVDPPHQJHUFNWHQ7LVFKHQXQGVSHLVWHQ
XQWHU DQJHUHJWHQ *HVSUlFKHQ 'HU DOWH 6HQDWRU 0|OOHQGRUSI
SUlVLGLHUWHHLQEODVVHU+HUUPLWZHL‰HQGQQHQVSLW]HQ.RWHOHWWHQ
HUZDU]XFNHUNUDQN6HLQH*DWWLQ JHERUHQH /DQJKDOVKDQWLHUWH PLW
LKUHUODQJJHVWLHOWHQ/RUJQHWWHXQGQDFKZLHYRUXPVWDQGGDVJUDXH
+DDUXQRUGHQWOLFKLKUHQ.RSI,KU6RKQZDUGD$XJXVWHLQEORQGHU
MXQJHU 0DQQ YRQ ZRKOVLWXLHUWHP bX‰HUHQ XQG *DWWH -XOFKHQV GHU
JHERUHQHQ+DJHQVWU|PZHOFKHNOHLQOHEKDIWPLWJUR‰HQEODQNHQ
VFKZDU]HQ $XJHQ XQG EHLQDKH HEHQVR JUR‰HQ %ULOODQWHQ DQ GHQ
2KUOlSSFKHQ ]ZLVFKHQ LKUHQ %UGHUQ +HUPDQQ XQG 0RULW] VD‰
.RQVXO+HUPDQQ+DJHQVWU|PEHJDQQVHKUVWDUN]XZHUGHQGHQQHU
OHEWH YRUWUHIIOLFK XQG PDQ VDJWH VLFK GD‰ HU JOHLFK PRUJHQV PLW
*lQVHOHEHUSDVWHWH EHJLQQH (U WUXJ HLQHQ U|WOLFKEORQGHQ
NXU]JHKDOWHQHQ9ROOEDUWXQGVHLQH1DVH GLH1DVHVHLQHU0XWWHU 
ODJ DXIIDOOHQG SODWW DXI GHU 2EHUOLSSH 'RNWRU 0RULW] PLW IODFKHU
%UXVW XQG JHOEOLFKHP 7HLQW ]HLJWH LQ OHEKDIWHP *HVSUlFK VHLQH
VSLW]LJHQOFNHQKDIWHQ=lKQH%HLGH%UGHUKDWWHQLKUH'DPHQEHL
VLFK GHQQ DXFK GHU 5HFKWVJHOHKUWH ZDU VHLW PHKUHUHQ -DKUHQ


YHUKHLUDWHW XQG ]ZDU PLW HLQHP )UlXOHLQ 3XWWIDUNHQ DXV +DPEXUJ
HLQHU 'DPH PLW EXWWHUIDUEHQHP +DDU XQG EHUPl‰LJ
OHLGHQVFKDIWVORVHQ DXJHQVFKHLQOLFK DQJOLVLHUHQGHQ DEHU
DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK VFK|QHQ XQG UHJHOPl‰LJHQ *HVLFKWV]JHQ GHQQ
'RNWRU +DJHQVWU|P KlWWH HV PLW VHLQHP 5XIH DOV 6FK|QJHLVW QLFKW
YHUHLQEDUHQ N|QQHQ HLQ Kl‰OLFKHV 0lGFKHQ ]X HKHOLFKHQ
6FKOLH‰OLFK ZDUHQ QRFK GLH NOHLQH 7RFKWHU YRQ +HUPDQQ
+DJHQVWU|PXQGGHUNOHLQH 6RKQ YRQ 0RULW] +DJHQVWU|P ]XJHJHQ
]ZHLZHL‰JHNOHLGHWH.LQGHUGLHVFKRQMHW]WVRJXWZLHPLWHLQDQGHU
YHUOREWZDUHQGHQQGDV+XQHXV+DJHQVWU|P¶VFKH9HUP|JHQ VROOWH
QLFKWYHU]HWWHOWZHUGHQ$OOHD‰HQ5KUHLPLW6FKLQNHQ
0DQJU‰WHVLFKHUVWDOV%XGGHQEURRNVLQJHULQJHU(QWIHUQXQJDQ
GHU *HVHOOVFKDIW YRUEHUVWLHJHQ 'LH .RQVXOLQ QHLJWH HLQ ZHQLJ
]HUVWUHXW XQG JOHLFKVDP YHUZXQGHUW GHQ .RSI 7KRPDV OIWHWH GHQ
+XW LQGHP HU GLH /LSSHQ EHZHJWH DOV VDJWH HU LUJHQG HWZDV
9HUELQGOLFKHV XQG .KOHV XQG *HUGD YHUEHXJWH VLFK IUHPG XQG
IRUPHOO +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU DEHU DQJHUHJW GXUFK GDV 6WHLJHQ
VFKZHQNWH XQEHIDQJHQ VHLQHQ JUQHQ +XW XQG ULHI PLW ODXWHU XQG
IU|KOLFKHU6WLPPHª:QVFK¶UHFKWDQJXDW¶Q0RUJ¶Q© :RUDXIGLH
6HQDWRULQ 0|OOHQGRUSI LKU /RUJQRQ ]XU +DQG QDKP« 7RQ\
LKUHUVHLWV]RJHLQZHQLJGLH6FKXOWHUQHPSRUOHJWHGHQ.RSI]XUFN
VXFKWH WURW]GHP GDV .LQQ DXI GLH %UXVW ]X GUFNHQ XQG JU‰WH
JOHLFKVDPYRQHLQHUXQDEVHKEDUHQ+|KHKHUDEZREHLVLHJHQDXEHU
-XOFKHQ 0|OOHQGRUSIV EUHLWUDQGLJHQ XQG HOHJDQWHQ +XW
KLQZHJEOLFNWH«,QGLHVHU0LQXWHVHW]WHVLFKLKU(QWVFKOX‰HQGJOWLJ
XQGXQHUVFKWWHUOLFKLQLKUIHVW«ª*RWWVHL/REXQGWDXVHQG'DQN
7RPGD‰ZLUHUVWLQHLQHU6WXQGHIUKVWFNHQ,FKP|FKWHPLUYRQ
GLHVHP-XOFKHQQLFKWJHUQDXIGHQ%LVVHQVHKHQODVVHQZHL‰WGX«
+DVW GX EHDFKWHW ZLH VLH JU‰WH" %HLQDKH JDU QLFKW 'DEHL ZDU
PHLQHU XQPD‰JHEOLFKHQ $QVLFKW QDFK LKU +XW JDQ] XQPl‰LJ
JHVFKPDFNORV«©
ª1DZDVGHQ+XWEHWULIIW«8QGPLW GHP *U‰HQ ZDUVW GX ZRKO
DXFK QLFKW YLHOHQWJHJHQNRPPHQGHU PHLQH /LHEH hEULJHQV lUJHUH
GLFKQLFKWGDVPDFKW)DOWHQ©
ªbUJHUQ7RP"$FKQHLQ:HQQGLHVH/HXWHPHLQHQVLHVHLHQGLH
HUVWHQDQGHU6SULW]HVRLVWGDV]XP/DFKHQXQGZHLWHUQLFKWV:DV
LVWIUHLQ8QWHUVFKLHG]ZLVFKHQGLHVHP-XOFKHQXQGPLUZHQQLFK


IUDJHQ GDUI" 'D‰ VLH NHLQHQ )LORX VRQGHUQ EOR‰ HLQHQ ¾'XVFKDFN½
]XP 0DQQH EHNRPPHQ KDW ZLH ,GD VDJHQ ZUGH XQG ZHQQ VLH
HLQPDOLQPHLQHU/DJHZlUHLP/HEHQVRZUGHHVVLFKMDHUZHLVHQ
REVLHHLQHQ]ZHLWHQILQGHQZUGH«©
ª:DVEHVDJWGD‰GXGHLQHUVHLWVHLQHQILQGHQZLUVW"©
ª(LQHQ'XVFKDFN7KRPDV"©
ª6HKUYLHOEHVVHUDOVHLQ)LORX©
ª(VEUDXFKWZHGHUGDVHLQHQRFKGDVDQGHUH]XVHLQ$EHUGDUEHU
VSULFKWPDQQLFKW©
ª5LFKWLJ :LU EOHLEHQ DXFK ]XUFN +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU VWHLJW PLW
(ODQ«©
'HUVFKDWWLJH:DOGZHJZXUGHHEHQXQGHVGDXHUWHJDUQLFKWODQJH
ELV VLH GLH ¾4XHOOH½ HUUHLFKW KDWWHQ HLQHQ KEVFKHQ URPDQWLVFKHQ
3XQNW PLW HLQHU K|O]HUQHQ %UFNH EHU HLQHP NOHLQHQ $EJUXQG
]HUNOIWHWHQ$EKlQJHQXQGEHUKlQJHQGHQ%lXPHQGHUHQ:XU]HOQ
EOR‰ODJHQ6LHVFK|SIWHQPLWHLQHPVLOEHUQHQ]XVDPPHQVFKLHEEDUHQ
%HFKHU GHQ GLH .RQVXOLQ PLWJHEUDFKW KDWWH DXV GHP NOHLQHQ
VWHLQHUQHQ%DVVLQJOHLFKXQWHUKDOEGHU$XVWULWWVVWHOOHXQGHUTXLFNWHQ
VLFKPLWGHPIULVFKHQHLVHQKDOWLJHQ:DVVHUZREHL+HUU3HUPDQHGHU
HLQHQNOHLQHQ$QIDOOYRQ*DODQWHULHKDWWHLQGHPHUGDUDXIEHVWDQG
GD‰ )UDX *UQOLFK LKP GHQ 7UXQN NUHGHQ]WH (U ZDU YROO
'DQNEDUNHLW ZLHGHUKROWH PHKUPDOV ª$ GHV LV IHL QHWW© XQG
SODXGHUWH XPVLFKWLJ XQG DXIPHUNVDP VRZRKO PLW GHU .RQVXOLQ XQG
7KRPDVDOVPLW*HUGDXQG7RQ\XQGVRJDUPLWGHUNOHLQHQ(ULND«
6HOEVW *HUGD GLH ELVODQJ XQWHU IOLHJHQGHU +LW]H JHOLWWHQ XQG LQ
HLQHU $UW YRQ VWXPPHU XQG VWDUUHU 1HUYRVLWlW HLQKHUJHJDQJHQ ZDU
EHJDQQ QXQ DXI]XOHEHQ XQG DOV PDQ QDFK HLQHP EHVFKOHXQLJWHQ
5FNZHJH ZLHGHU YRU GHP :LUWVKDXVH DQODQJWH XQG VLFK DXI GHU
]ZHLWHQ 6WXIH GHU :DOGWHUUDVVH DQ HLQHP EHUUHLFKOLFK EHVHW]WHQ
7LVFKHQLHGHUOLH‰ZDUVLHHVGLHHVLQOLHEHQVZUGLJHQ:HQGXQJHQ
EHGDXHUWHGD‰+HUUQ3HUPDQHGHUV$EUHLVHVRQDKHEHYRUVWHKHMHW]W
ZRPDQHLQDQGHUHLQZHQLJNHQQHQJHOHUQWZRHV]XP%HLVSLHOJDQ]
OHLFKW]XEHREDFKWHQVHLGD‰DXIEHLGHQ6HLWHQLPPHUVHOWHQHU0L‰
XQG1LFKWYHUVWlQGQLVVHGHV'LDOHNWHVZHJHQXQWHUOLHIHQ«6LHN|QQH
GLH %HKDXSWXQJ YHUWUHWHQ GD‰LKUH )UHXQGLQ XQG6FKZlJHULQ 7RQ\
]ZHLRGHUGUHLPDOPLW9LUWXRVLWlWª3IXDW*RWW©JHVDJWKDEH«


+HUU3HUPDQHGHUXQWHUOLH‰HVDXIGDV:RUWª$EUHLVH©LUJHQGHLQH
EHVWlWLJHQGH $QWZRUW ]X JHEHQ VRQGHUQ ZLGPHWH VLFK YRUGHUKDQG
GHQ/HFNHUELVVHQYRQGHQHQGLH7DIHOVWURW]WHXQGGLHHUMHQVHLWVGHU
'RQDXQLFKWDOOH7DJHEHNDP
6LHYHU]HKUWHQGLHJXWHQ6DFKHQPLW0X‰HZREHLGLHNOHLQH(ULND
VLFKEHLQDKHDPPHLVWHQEHUGLH6HUYLHWWHQDXV6HLGHQSDSLHUIUHXWH
GLHLKUXQYHUJOHLFKOLFKVFK|QHUVFKLHQHQDOVGLHJUR‰HQOHLQHQHQ]X
+DXVH XQG YRQ GHQHQ VLH PLW (UODXEQLV GHV .HOOQHUV VRJDU HLQLJH
]XP $QGHQNHQ LQ GLH7DVFKH VWHFNWH XQG GDQQ VD‰ ZlKUHQG +HUU
3HUPDQHGHU PHKUHUH WLHIVFKZDU]H =LJDUUHQ ]XP %LHUH XQG GHU
.RQVXOVHLQH =LJDUHWWHQUDXFKWH GLH )DPLOLH PLW LKUHP *DVWH QRFK
OlQJHUH =HLW EHLVDPPHQ XQG SODXGHUWH  EHPHUNHQVZHUW DEHU ZDU
GD‰QLHPDQGPHKUGHU$EUHLVHGHV+HUUQ3HUPDQHGHUJHGDFKWHXQG
GD‰EHUKDXSWGLH=XNXQIWY|OOLJXQEHUKUWJHODVVHQZDUG9LHOPHKU
WDXVFKWHPDQ(ULQQHUXQJHQDXVEHVSUDFKGLHSROLWLVFKHQ(UHLJQLVVH
GHUOHW]WHQ-DKUHXQG+HUU3HUUQDQHGHUEHULFKWHWHQDFKGHPHUEHU
HLQLJH DFKWXQGYLHU]LJHU $QHNGRWHQ GLH GLH .RQVXOLQ LKUHP
YHUVWRUEHQHQ*DWWHQQDFKHU]lKOWHVLFKYRU/DFKHQJHVFKWWHOWKDWWH
YRQ GHU 5HYROXWLRQ LQ 0QFKHQ XQG YRQ /ROD 0RQWH] IU ZHOFKH
)UDX*UQOLFKVLFKXQElQGLJLQWHUHVVLHUWH'DQQDEHUDOVDOOJHPDFK
GLHHUVWH6WXQGHQDFK0LWWDJYRUEHUZDUDOV(ULNDJDQ]HUKLW]WXQG
EHSDFNW PLW *lQVHEOXPHQ :LHVHQVFKDXPNUDXW XQG *UlVHUQ YRQ
HLQHP 6WUHLI]XJ PLW ,GD ]XUFNNHKUWH XQG GLH 3IHIIHUQVVH LQ
(ULQQHUXQJEUDFKWHGLHQRFKHLQ]XNDXIHQVHLHQEUDFKPDQ]XHLQHP
*DQJ LQ GHQ 2UW KLQXQWHU DXI« QLFKW EHYRU GLH .RQVXOLQ GHUHQ
*lVWH KHXWH DOOH ZDUHQ PLW HLQHP JDU QLFKW NOHLQHQ *ROGVWFN GLH
5HFKQXQJEHJOLFKHQKDWWH
9RUP *DVWKDXV ZDUG 2UGUH JHJHEHQ GD‰ LQ HLQHU 6WXQGH GHU
:DJHQ EHUHLWVWHKHQ VROOH GHQQ PDQ ZROOWH LQ GHU 6WDGW YRU 7LVFK
QRFK HLQ ZHQLJ UXKHQ N|QQHQ XQG GDQQ ZDQGHUWHQ VLH ODQJVDP
GHQQ GLH 6RQQH EUDQQWH DXI GHQ 6WDXE GHQ QLHGULJHQ +lXVHUQ GHV
)OHFNHQV]X
*OHLFK QDFK GHU $X%UFNH RUGQHWH VLFK XQJH]ZXQJHQ XQG YRQ
VHOEVW GLH 5HLKHQIROJH GLH GDQQ ZlKUHQG GHV :HJHV LQQHJHKDOWHQ
ZDUG9RUDQQlPOLFKZDU0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQYHUP|JHLKUHUODQJHQ
6FKULWWH QHEHQ GHU XQHUPGOLFK VSULQJHQGHQ XQG QDFK
.RKOZHL‰OLQJHQ MDJHQGHQ (ULND GDQQ IROJWHQ PLWHLQDQGHU GLH


.RQVXOLQ 7KRPDV XQG *HUGD XQG ]XOHW]W LQ HLQLJHP $EVWlQGH
VRJDU)UDX*UQOLFKPLW+HUUQ3HUPDQHGHU9RUQZDUHVODXWGHQQ
GDVNOHLQH0lGFKHQMXEHOWHXQG,GDVWLPPWHPLWLKUHPHLJHQWPOLFK
WLHIHQ JXWPWLJHQ :LHKHUQ HLQ ,Q GHU 0LWWH VFKZLHJHQ DOOH GUHL
GHQQ *HUGD ZDU ZHJHQ GHV 6WDXEHV DXIV QHXH LQ HLQH QHUY|VH
9HU]DJWKHLW YHUIDOOHQ XQG GLH DOWH .RQVXOLQ VRZRKO ZLH LKU 6RKQ
ZDUHQLQ*HGDQNHQ$XFKKLQWHQZDUHVVWLOO« DEHUQXUVFKHLQEDU
GHQQ7RQ\XQGGHU*DVWDXV%D\HUQXQWHUKLHOWHQVLFKJHGlPSIWXQG
LQWLP:RYRQVSUDFKHQVLH"9RQ+HUUQ*UQOLFK«
+HUU 3HUPDQHGHU KDWWH GLH WUHIIHQGH %HPHUNXQJ JHPDFKW GD‰
(ULND ªIHL© HLQ JDU ]X OLHEHV XQG KEVFKHV .LQG VHL GD‰ VLH DEHU
WURW]GHP GHU )UDX 0DPD IDVW JDU QLFKW lKQOLFK VHKH ZRUDXI 7RQ\
JHDQWZRUWHW KDWWH ª6LH LVW JDQ] GHU 9DWHU XQG PDQ NDQQ VDJHQ
QLFKW]XLKUHP6FKDGHQGHQQlX‰HUOLFKZDU*UQOLFKHLQ*HQWOHPDQ
 DOOHV ZDV ZDKU LVW 6R KDWWH HU JROGIDUEHQH )DYRULV Y|OOLJ
RULJLQHOOLFKKDEHQLHZLHGHUGHUJOHLFKHQJHVHKHQ«©
8QG GDQQ HUNXQGLJWH HU VLFK REJOHLFK 7RQ\ LKP VFKRQ EHL
1LHGHUSDXUV LQ 0QFKHQ GLH *HVFKLFKWH LKUHU (KH ]LHPOLFK JHQDX
HU]lKOWKDWWHQRFKHLQPDOJHQDXQDFKDOOHPXQGHUIUDJWHHLQJHKHQG
XQG PLW HLQHP lQJVWOLFK WHLOQHKPHQGHQ %OLQ]HOQ DOOH (LQ]HOKHLWHQ
EHLGHP%DQNHURWWǻ(UZDU HLQ E|VHU0HQVFK +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU
VRQVWKlWWH9DWHUPLFKLKPQLFKWZLHGHUZHJJHQRPPHQGDVN|QQHQ
6LH PLU JODXEHQ 1LFKW DOOH 0HQVFKHQ KDEHQ DXI (UGHQ LPPHU HLQ
JXWHV+HU]GDVKDWGDV/HEHQPLFKJHOHKUWZLVVHQ6LHVRMXQJZLH
LFKIUHLQH3HUVRQGLHVHLW]HKQ-DKUHQ:LWZHRGHUHWZDVbKQOLFKHV
LVW QRFK ELQ (U ZDU E|VH XQG .HVVHOPH\HU VHLQ %DQNLHU GHU
REHQGUHLQVRDOEHUQZDUZLHHLQMXQJHU+XQGZDUQRFKE|VHU$EHU
GDVVROOQLFKWKHL‰HQGD‰LFKPLFKVHOEVWIUHLQHQ(QJHOKDOWHXQG
DOOHU 6FKXOG EDU HUDFKWH« PL‰YHUVWHKHQ 6LH PLFK QLFKW *UQOLFK
YHUQDFKOlVVLJWHPLFKXQGZHQQHUHLQPDOEHLPLUVD‰VRODVHUGLH
=HLWXQJ XQG HU KLQWHUJLQJ PLFK XQG OLH‰ PLFK EHVWlQGLJ LQ
(LPVEWWHO VLW]HQ ZHLO LFK LQ GHU 6WDGW YRQ GHP 0RUDVW KlWWH
HUIDKUHQ N|QQHQ GDULQ HU VWHFNWH« $EHU LFK ELQ DXFK QXU HLQH
VFKZDFKH )UDX XQG KDEH PHLQH )HKOHU XQG ELQ JDQ] VLFKHU QLFKW
LPPHU ULFKWLJ ]X :HUNH JHJDQJHQ =XP %HLVSLHO JDE LFK PHLQHP
0DQQ GXUFK /HLFKWVLQQ XQG 9HUVFKZHQGXQJVVXFKW XQG QHXH
6FKODIU|FNH *UXQG ]X 6RUJH XQG .ODJH« $EHU HLQV GDUI LFK


KLQ]XIJHQLFKKDEHHLQH(QWVFKXOGLJXQJXQGGLHEHVWHKWGDULQGD‰
LFKHLQ.LQGZDUDOVLFKKHLUDWHWHHLQH*DQVZDULFKHLQGXPPHV
'LQJ*ODXEHQ6LH]XP%HLVSLHOGD‰LFKJDQ]NXU]H=HLWYRUPHLQHU
9HUOREXQJ DXFK QXU JHZX‰W KlWWH GD‰ YLHU -DKUH IUKHU GLH
%XQGHVJHVHW]H EHU GLH 8QLYHUVLWlWHQ XQG GLH 3UHVVH HUQHXHUW
ZRUGHQVHLHQ"6FK|QH*HVHW]HEULJHQV«$FKMDHVLVWZDKUKDIWLJ
VRVHKUWUDXULJGD‰PDQQXUHLQPDOOHEW+HUU3HUPDQHGHUGD‰PDQ
GDV/HEHQQLFKWQRFKHLQPDODQIDQJHQNDQQPDQZUGHVRPDQFKHV
JHVFKLFNWHUDQIDVVHQ«©
6LH VFKZLHJ XQG EOLFNWH JHVSDQQW DXI GHQ :HJ QLHGHU VLH KDWWH
LKP QLFKW RKQH *HVFKLFN HLQHQ $QKDOWVSXQNW JHJHEHQ GHQQ GLH
(UZlJXQJODJJDUQLFKWIHUQGD‰HLQJDQ]QHXHV/HEHQ]XEHJLQQHQ
]ZDU XQP|JOLFK GHU:LHGHUEHJLQQ HLQHU QHXHQ EHVVHUHQ (KH DEHU
GRFK QLFKW DXVJHVFKORVVHQ VHL $OOHLQ +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU OLH‰ GLH
*HOHJHQKHLWYRUEHUJHKHQXQGEHVFKUlQNWHVLFKGDUDXIPLWKHIWLJHQ
:RUWHQ DXI +HUUQ *UQOLFK ]X VFKHOWHQ ZREHL GLH )OLHJH EHU
VHLQHP NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ .LQQ VLFK VWUlXEWH« ª'HU IDGH .HUO GHU
]¶ZLGUH'HQZDQQLGDKLHUKlWW¶GHQ+XQGGHQDXVJ¶VFKDPWHQGHU
ZDQQQHWD:DWVFKHQGDZLVFKHQWDW¶«©
ª3IXL +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU 1HLQ GDPLW PVVHQ 6LH DXIK|UHQ :LU
VROOHQYHUJHEHQXQGYHUJHVVHQXQGGLH5DFKHLVW PHLQ VSULFKW GHU
+HUU« IUDJHQ 6LH QXU 0XWWHU %HZDKUH« LFK ZHL‰ QLFKW ZR
*UQOLFKVLFKDXIKlOWXQGZLHHVLKPHUJDQJHQLVWLP/HEHQDEHULFK
ZQVFKH LKP DOOHV *XWH ZHQQ HU HV DXFK YLHOOHLFKW QLFKW YHUGLHQW
KDW«©
6LHZDUHQLP2UWXQGVWDQGHQYRUGHPNOHLQHQ+lXVFKHQLQGHP
GHU%lFNHUODGHQVLFKEHIDQG%HLQDKHRKQHHV]XZLVVHQZDUHQVLH
VWHKHQJHEOLHEHQXQGRKQHVLFK5HFKHQVFKDIWGDYRQ]XJHEHQKDWWHQ
VLH PLW HUQVWHQ XQG DEZHVHQGHQ $XJHQ (ULND ,GD GLH .RQVXOLQ
7KRPDV XQG *HUGD JHEFNW GXUFK GLH OlFKHUOLFK QLHGULJH /DGHQWU
YHUVFKZLQGHQVHKHQVRYHUWLHIWZDUHQVLHLQLKU*HVSUlFKREJOHLFK
VLHELVMHW]WQLFKWVDOVEHUIOVVLJHXQGDOEHUQH'LQJHJHUHGHWKDWWHQ
1HEHQ LKQHQ ZDU HLQ =DXQ XQG GDUDQ OLHI HLQ ODQJHV VFKPDOHV
%HHW HQWODQJ DXI GHP HLQ SDDU 5HVHGHQ ZXFKVHQ XQG GHVVHQ
ORFNHUH VFKZDU]H (UGH )UDX *UQOLFK JHQHLJWHQ XQG HWZDV
HUKLW]WHQ +DXSWHV XQJHKHXHU HLIULJ PLW GHU 6SLW]H LKUHV
6RQQHQVFKLUPV SIOJWH +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU GHVVHQ JUQHV +WFKHQ


PLWGHP*HPVEDUWLQGLH6WLUQJHJOLWWHQZDUVWDQGGLFKWEHLLKUXQG
EHWHLOLJWH VLFK KLH XQG GD YHUPLWWHOVW VHLQHV 6SD]LHUVWRFNHV DQ GHP
8PJUDEHQ GHV %HHWHV $XFK HU OLH‰ GHQ .RSI KlQJHQ DEHU VHLQH
NOHLQHQ KHOOEODXHQ YHUTXROOHQHQ $XJHQ GLH JDQ] EODQN JHZRUGHQ
XQG VRJDU HLQ ZHQLJ JHU|WHW ZDUHQ EOLFNWHQ YRQ XQWHQ KHUDXI PLW
HLQHP *HPLVFK YRQ (UJHEHQKHLW %HWUEWKHLW XQG 6SDQQXQJ ]X LKU
HPSRUXQGPLWHEHQGHPVHOEHQ$XVGUXFNEHUKLQJGHUDXVJHIUDQVWH
6FKQDX]EDUWVHLQHQ0XQGª8QGGDKDEHQ6¶MHW]WZRKO©VDJWHHU
ªD GDPLVFKH )XUFKW YRU GHU (K¶ XQG ZROOHQ¶V QLPPHU QRFK DPDO
YHUVXFKHQJHOWHQ6¶QHL)UDX*UQOLFK«"©
:LH XQJHVFKLFNW GDFKWH VLH 'DV PX‰ LFK MD EHVWlWLJHQ"« 6LH
DQWZRUWHWH ª-D OLHEHU +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU LFK EHNHQQH ,KQHQ RIIHQ
GD‰HVPLUVFKZHUIDOOHQZUGHQRFKHLQPDOMHPDQGHPPHLQ-DZRUW
IUV/HEHQ]XHUWHLOHQGHQQLFKELQEHOHKUWZRUGHQZLVVHQ6LHZDV
IUHLQIXUFKWEDUHUQVWHU(QWVFKOX‰GDVLVW«XQGGD]XEHGUIWHHVGHU
IHVWHQ hEHU]HXJXQJ GD‰ HV VLFK XP HLQHQ ZLUNOLFK EUDYHQ HLQHQ
HGOHQHLQHQKHU]HQVJXWHQ0DQQKDQGHOW«©
+LHUDXI HUODXEWH HU VLFK GLH )UDJH RE VLH LKQ IU HLQHQ VROFKHQ
0DQQ KDOWH ZRUDXI VLH DQWZRUWHWH ª-D +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU GDIU
KDOWHLFK6LH©
8QG GDQQ IROJWHQ QRFK JDQ] ZHQLJH OHLVH XQG NXU]H :RUWH LQ
GHQHQ GDV 9HUO|EQLV HQWKDOWHQ ZDU XQG IU +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHU GLH
(UODXEQLVVLFK]X+DXVHDQGLH.RQVXOLQXQG7KRPDV]XZHQGHQ«
$OVGLHEULJHQ0LWJOLHGHUGHU*HVHOOVFKDIWEHSDFNWPLWPHKUHUHQ
JUR‰HQ7WHQ YROO 3IHIIHUQVVHQ ZLHGHULP )UHLHQ HUVFKLHQHQ OLH‰
GHU .RQVXO VHLQH $XJHQ GLVNUHW EHU GLH .|SIH GHU EHLGHQ
KLQZHJVFKZHLIHQ GHQQ VLH ZDUHQ LQ VWDUNHU 9HUOHJHQKHLW +HUU
3HUPDQHGHURKQH9HUVXFKGDV]XYHUEHUJHQ7RQ\XQWHUGHU0DVNH
HLQHUIDVWPDMHVWlWLVFKHQ:UGH
0DQEHHLOWHVLFKGHQ:DJHQ]XJHZLQQHQGHQQGHU+LPPHOKDWWH
VLFKEHGHFNWXQG7URSIHQILHOHQ
:LH 7RQ\ DQJHQRPPHQ KDWWH LKU %UXGHU EDOG QDFK +HUUQ
3HUPDQHGHUV (UVFKHLQHQ JHQDXH (UNXQGLJXQJHQ EHU VHLQH
/HEHQVVWHOOXQJHLQJH]RJHQGLHDOV5HVXOWDWHUJHEHQKDWWHQGD‰¾;
1RSSH  &RPS½ HLQH HWZDV EHVFKUlQNWH DEHU GXUFKDXV VROLGH
)LUPDVHLGLHLPJHPHLQVDPHQ:LUNHQPLWGHU$NWLHQEUDXHUHLGHU


+HUU 1LHGHUSDXU DOV 'LUHNWRU YRUVWDQG HLQHQ KEVFKHQ *HZLQQ
HU]LHOWH XQG GD‰ LP 9HUHLQ PLW 7RQ\¶V VLHE]HKQWDXVHQG
.XUDQWWDOHUQ +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHUV $QWHLO IU HLQ JXW EUJHUOLFKHV
=XVDPPHQOHEHQ RKQH /X[XV DXVUHLFKHQ ZUGH 'LH .RQVXOLQ ZDU
XQWHUULFKWHW GDUEHU XQG LQ HLQHP DXVIKUOLFKHQ *HVSUlFKH
]ZLVFKHQ LKU +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHU $QWRQLH XQG 7KRPDV ZHOFKHV
JOHLFK DP $EHQG GHV 9HUOREXQJVWDJHV LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU
VWDWWIDQG ZXUGHQ RKQH +LQGHUQLV DOOH )UDJHQ JHUHJHOW DXFK LQ
EHWUHII GHU NOHLQHQ (ULND ZHOFKHDXI7RQ\¶V :XQVFK XQG PLW GHP
JHUKUWHQ (LQYHUVWlQGQLV LKUHV 9HUOREWHQ HEHQIDOOV QDFK 0QFKHQ
EHUVLHGHOQVROOWH
=ZHL 7DJH VSlWHU UHLVWH GHU +RSIHQKlQGOHU DE  ªZHLO GHU 1RSSH
VRQVWVFKLPSIHQWDW¶©DEHUVFKRQLP0RQDW-XOLWUDI)UDX*UQOLFK
ZLHGHUXP LQ VHLQHU 9DWHUVWDGW PLW LKP ]XVDPPHQ JHPHLQVDP PLW
7RPXQG*HUGDGLHVLHIUYLHURGHUIQI:RFKHQQDFK%DG.UHXWK
EHJOHLWHWHZlKUHQGGLH.RQVXOLQPLW(ULNDXQGGHU-XQJPDQQDQGHU
2VWVHH YHUEOLHE hEULJHQV KDWWHQ GLH EHLGHQ 3DDUH LQ 0QFKHQ
EHUHLWV*HOHJHQKHLWGDV +DXV ]X EHVLFKWLJHQ GDV +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU
LQ GHU .DXILQJHU 6WUD‰H  JDQ] LQ GHU 1lKH DOVR GHU 1LHGHUSDXUV 
DQ]XNDXIHQLP%HJULIIHZDUXQGGHVVHQJU|‰WHQ7HLOHU]XYHUPLHWHQ
JHGDFKWH HLQ JDQ] PHUNZUGLJHV DOWHV +DXV PLW HLQHU VFKPDOHQ
7UHSSHGLHJOHLFKKLQWHUGHU+DXVWUVFKQXUJHUDGHXQGRKQH$EVDW]
XQG %LHJXQJ ZLH HLQH +LPPHOVOHLWHU LQ GHQ HUVWHQ 6WRFN
KLQDQIKUWHZRVHOEVWPDQHUVWQDFKEHLGHQ6HLWHQEHUGHQ.RUULGRU
]XUFNVFKUHLWHQG]XGHQQDFKYRUQJHOHJHQHQ=LPPHUQJHODQJWH«
0LWWH $XJXVW NHKUWH 7RQ\ QDFK +DXVH ]XUFN XP VLFK ZlKUHQG
GHU QlFKVWHQ :RFKHQ GHU 6RUJH IU LKUH $XVVWHXHU ]X ZLGPHQ
9LHOHV]ZDUZDUQRFKDXVGHU=HLWLKUHUHUVWHQ(KHYRUKDQGHQDEHU
HVPX‰WHGXUFK1HXDQNlXIHHUJlQ]WZHUGHQXQGHLQHV7DJHVODQJWH
DXV +DPEXUJ ZRKHU PDQFKHV EH]RJHQ ZDUG VRJDU HLQ 6FKODIURFN
DQ« QLFKW PLW 6DPPHW IUHLOLFK VRQGHUQ GLHVPDO QXU PLW
7XFKVFKOHLIHQJDUQLHUW
=XYRUJHVFKULWWHQHU+HUEVW]HLWWUDI+HUU3HUPDQHGHUZLHGHULQGHU
0HQJVWUD‰HHLQPDQZROOWHGLH6DFKHQLFKWOlQJHUYHU]|JHUQ«
:DV GLH +RFK]HLWVIHLHUOLFKNHLWHQ DQJLQJ VR YHUOLHIHQ VLH JHQDX
ZLH 7RQ\ HV HUZDUWHW XQG QLFKW DQGHUV JHZQVFKW KDWWH (V ZXUGH
QLFKWYLHO$XIKHEHQVGDYRQJHPDFKWª/DVVHQZLUGHQ3RPS©VDJWH


GHU.RQVXOªGXELVWZLHGHUYHUKHLUDWHWXQGHVLVWJDQ]HLQIDFKDOV
KlWWHVW GX QLHPDOV DXIJHK|UW HV ]X VHLQ© 1XU ZHQLJH
9HUOREXQJVNDUWHQ ZDUHQ YHUVDQGW ZRUGHQ  GD‰ DEHU -XOFKHQ
0|OOHQGRUSIJHERUHQH+DJHQVWU|PHLQHHUKDOWHQKDWWHGDIUKDWWH
0DGDPH *UQOLFK JHVRUJW  YRQ HLQHU +RFK]HLWVUHLVH ZDUG
DEJHVHKHQ ZHLO +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU ªVR D +HW]© YHUDEVFKHXWH XQG
7RQ\YRUNXU]HPYRP6RPPHUDXIHQWKDOW]XUFNJHNHKUWVFKRQGLH
5HLVH QDFK 0QFKHQ ]X ZHLW IDQG XQG GLH 7UDXXQJ GLH GLHVPDO
QLFKW GLH 6lXOHQKDOOH VRQGHUQ GLH 0DULHQNLUFKH ]XP 6FKDXSOlW]H
KDWWHIDQGLQHQJHP)DPLOLHQNUHLVHVWDWW7RQ\WUXJPLW:UGHGLH
2UDQJHQEOWHQ VWDWW GHU 0\UWHQ XQG +DXSWSDVWRU .|OOLQJ SUHGLJWH
PLW HWZDV VFKZlFKHUHU 6WLPPH DOV HKHPDOV DEHU QRFK LPPHU LQ
VWDUNHQ$XVGUFNHQEHU0l‰LJNHLW
&KULVWLDQNDPYRQ+DPEXUJVHKUHOHJDQWJHNOHLGHWXQGHLQZHQLJ
DQJHJULIIHQ DEHU OXVWLJ DXVVHKHQG HU]lKOWH GD‰ VHLQ *HVFKlIW PLW
%XUPHHVWHUªWLSSWRSS©VHLHUNOlUWHGD‰.ORWKLOGHXQGHUVLFKZRKO
HUVW ªGD REHQ© YHUKHLUDWHQ ZUGHQ  ªGDV KHL‰W -HGHU IU VLFK© 
XQG NDP YLHO ]X VSlW ]XU .LUFKH ZHLO HU GHP .OXE HLQHQ %HVXFK
DEJHVWDWWHWKDWWH
2QNHO-XVWXVZDUVHKUJHUKUWXQG]HLJWHVLFKVRNXODQWZLHVWHWV
LQGHP HU GHQ 1HXYHUPlKOWHQ HLQHQ DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK VFK|QHQ
VFKZHUVLOEHUQHQ 7DIHODXIVDW] YHUHKUWH« (U XQG VHLQH )UDX
KXQJHUWHQ ]X +DXVH EHLQDKH GHQQ GLH VFKZDFKH 0XWWHU EH]DKOWH
GHP OlQJVW HQWHUEWHQ XQG YHUVWR‰HQHQ -DNRE GHU VLFK ZLH
YHUODXWHWHDXJHQEOLFNOLFKLQ3DULVDXIKLHOWQDFKZLHYRUYRQLKUHP
:LUWVFKDIWVJHOGHGLH6FKXOGHQ
'LH'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNDXVGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HEHPHUNWHQª1XQ
KRIIHQWOLFK KlOW HV GLHVPDO© :REHL GDV 8QDQJHQHKPH GHU
DOOJHPHLQH =ZHLIHO ZDU RE VLH GLHV ZLUNOLFK KRIIWHQ« 6HVHPL
:HLFKEURGW MHGRFK HUKRE VLFK DXI GLH =HKHQVSLW]HQ N‰WH LKUHQ
=|JOLQJ GLH QXQPHKULJH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU PLW OHLFKW NQDOOHQGHP
*HUlXVFK DXI GLH 6WLUQ XQG VDJWH PLW LKUHQ KHU]OLFKVWHQ 9RNDOHQ
ª6HLJO|FNOLFKGXJXWHV.HQG©


6LHEHQWHV.DSLWHO

*OHLFK PRUJHQV XP DFKW 8KU VREDOG HU GDV %HWW YHUODVVHQ KDWWH
EHU GLH :HQGHOWUHSSH KLQWHU GHU NOHLQHQ 3IRUWH LQV 6RXWHUUDLQ
KLQDEJHVWLHJHQ ZDU HLQ %DG JHQRPPHQ XQG VHLQHQ 6FKODIURFN
ZLHGHU DQJHOHJW KDWWH EHJDQQ .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN VLFK PLW
|IIHQWOLFKHQ 'LQJHQ ]X EHVFKlIWLJHQ 'DQQ QlPOLFK HUVFKLHQ PLW
VHLQHQ URWHQ +lQGHQ XQG VHLQHP LQWHOOLJHQWHQ *HVLFKW PLW HLQHP
7RSIHZDUPHQ:DVVHUVGHQHUVLFKDXVGHU.FKHJHKROWXQGGHQ
EULJHQ 8WHQVLOLHQ +HUU :HQ]HO %DUELHU XQG 0LWJOLHG GHU
%UJHUVFKDIW LQ GHU %DGHVWXEH XQG ZlKUHQG GHU .RQVXO VLFK
]XUFNJHEHXJWHQ +DXSWHV LQ HLQHP JUR‰HQ /HKQVWXKOH QLHGHUOLH‰
XQG +HUU :HQ]HO 6FKDXP ]X VFKODJHQ EHJDQQ HQWVSDQQ VLFK IDVW
LPPHUHLQ*HVSUlFKGDVPLW1DFKWUXKHXQG:LWWHUXQJEHJLQQHQG
DOVEDOG]X(UHLJQLVVHQLQGHUJUR‰HQ:HOWEHUJLQJVLFKKLHUDXIPLW
LQWLP VWlGWLVFKHQ $QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ EHVFKlIWLJWH XQG PLW JDQ] HQJ
JHVFKlIWOLFKHQXQGIDPLOLlUHQ *HJHQVWlQGHQ ]X VFKOLH‰HQ SIOHJWH«
'LHVDOOHV]RJGLH3UR]HGXUVHKULQGLH/lQJHGHQQLPPHUZHQQGHU
.RQVXOVSUDFKPX‰WH+HUU:HQ]HOGDV0HVVHUYRQVHLQHP*HVLFKW
HQWIHUQHQª:RKOJHUXKW+HUU.RQVXO"©
ª'DQNH:HQ]HO*XWHV:HWWHUKHXWH"©
ª)URVW XQG HLQ EL‰FKHQ 6FKQHHQHEHO +HUU .RQVXO 9RU GHU
-DFRELNLUFKH KDEHQ GLH -XQJHQV VFKRQ ZLHGHU ¶QH 6FKOHLVWHUEDKQ
]HKQ 0HWHU ODQJ GD‰ LFK EHLQDK¶ KLQJHVFKODJHQ ZlU¶ DOV LFK YRP
%UJHUPHLVWHUNDP+RO¶VLHGHU'ZHO«©
ª6FKRQ=HLWXQJHQJHVHKHQ"©
ª'LH ¾$Q]HLJHQ½ XQG GLH ¾+DPEXUJHU 1DFKULFKWHQ½ MD 1LFKWV DOV
2UVLQLERPEHQ« 6FKDXGHUKDIW $XI GHP :HJ LQ GLH 2SHU« (LQH
QHWWH*HVHOOVFKDIWGDGUEHQ«©
ª1DHVKDWQLFKWV]XEHGHXWHQGHQNHLFK0LWGHP9RONHKDWGDV
QLFKWV ]X WXQ XQG GHU (IIHNW LVW QXQ EOR‰ GD‰ GLH 3ROL]HL XQG GHU
'UXFN DXI GLH 3UHVVH XQG DOO GDV YHUGRSSHOW ZLUG (U LVW DXI VHLQHU
+XW«-DHVLVWHLQHHZLJH8QUXKHGDVPX‰ZDKUVHLQGHQQHULVW
LPPHU DXI 8QWHUQHKPXQJHQ DQJHZLHVHQ XP VLFK ]X KDOWHQ $EHU
PHLQHQ5HVSHNWKDWHUJDQ]HLQHUOHL0LWGHQ7UDGLWLRQHQNDQQPDQ
ZHQLJVWHQV NHLQ 'XMDN VHLQ ZLH 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ VDJW XQG GDV


PLWGHU%lFNHUHLNDVVHXQGGHQELOOLJHQ%URWSUHLVHQ]XP%HLVSLHOKDW
PLU ZDKUKDIWLJ LPSRQLHUW (U WXW RKQH =ZHLIHO HLQH 0HQJH IUV
9RON«©
ª-DGDVVDJWH+HUU.LVWHQPDNHUYRUKLQDXFKVFKRQ©
ª6WHSKDQ":LUVSUDFKHQJHVWHUQGDUEHU©
ª8QGPLW)ULHGULFK:LOKHOPYRQ3UHX‰HQGDVVWHKWVFKOLPP+HUU
.RQVXO GDV ZLUG QLFKWV PHKU 0DQ VDJW VFKRQ GD‰ GHU 3ULQ]
HQGJOWLJ5HJHQWZHUGHQVROO«©
ª2KGDUDXIPX‰PDQJHVSDQQWVHLQ(UKDWVLFKVFKRQMHW]WDOVHLQ
OLEHUDOHU .RSI JH]HLJW GLHVHU :LOKHOP XQG VWHKW VLFKHU GHU
.RQVWLWXWLRQ QLFKW PLW GHP JHKHLPHQ (NHO VHLQHV %UXGHUV
JHJHQEHU« (V LVW GRFK DP (QGH QXU GHU *UDP GHU LKQ DXIUHLEW
GHQDUPHQ0DQQ«:DV1HXHVDXV.RSHQKDJHQ"©
ª*DU QLFKWV +HUU .RQVXO 6LH ZROOHQ QLFKW 'D KDW GHU %XQG JXW
HUNOlUHQ GD‰ GLH *HVDPWYHUIDVVXQJ IU +ROVWHLQ XQG /DXHQEXUJ
UHFKWVZLGULJ LVW« 6LH VLQG GD REHQ JDQ] HLQIDFK QLFKW GDIU ]X
KDEHQVLHDXI]XKHEHQ«©
ª-DHVLVWJDQ]XQHUK|UW:HQ]HO6LHIRUGHUQGHQ%XQGHVWDJMD]XU
([HNXWLRQ KHUDXV XQG ZHQQ HU HLQ EL‰FKHQ DOHUWHU ZlUH« $FK MD
GLHVH'lQHQ,FKHULQQHUHPLFKOHEKDIWZLHLFKPLFKVFKRQDOVJDQ]
NOHLQHU -XQJH EHVWlQGLJ EHU HLQHQ *HVDQJYHUV lUJHUWH GHU DQILQJ
¾*LEPLUJLEDOOHQGHQHQGLHVLFKYRQ+HU]HQVHKQHQ«½ZREHLLFK
¾GHQHQ½LP*HLVWHLPPHUPLW¾l½VFKULHEXQG QLFKW EHJULII GD‰GHU
+HUUJRWWDXFKGHQ'lQHQLUJHQGHWZDVJHEHQVROOWH«6HKHQ6LHVLFK
PLW GHU VSU|GHQ 6WHOOH YRU :HQ]HO 6LH ODFKHQ« 1XQ XQG MHW]W
ZLHGHU PLW XQVHUHU GLUHNWHQ +DPEXUJHU (LVHQEDKQ 'DV KDW VFKRQ
GLSORPDWLVFKH.lPSIHJHNRVWHWXQGZLUGQRFKZHOFKHNRVWHQELVVLH
LQ.RSHQKDJHQGLH.RQ]HVVLRQJHEHQ«©
ª-D +HUU .RQVXO XQG GDV 'XPPH LVW GD‰ GLH $OWRQD.LHOHU
(LVHQEDKQJHVHOOVFKDIWXQGJHQDXEHVHKHQJDQ]+ROVWHLQGDJHJHQLVW
GDVVDJWH%UJHUPHLVWHU'RNWRU2HYHUGLHFNYRUKLQDXFKVFKRQ6LH
KDEHQHLQHYHUIOXFKWH$QJVWIUGHQ$XIVFKZXQJYRQ.LHO«©
ª9HUVWHKW VLFK :HQ]HO 6ROFKH QHXH 9HUELQGXQJ ]ZLVFKHQ 2VW
XQG 1RUGVHH« 8QG 6LH VROOHQ VHKQ GLH $OWRQD.LHOHU ZLUG QLFKW
DXIK|UHQ]XLQWULJLHUHQ6LHVLQGLPVWDQGHHLQH.RQNXUUHQ]EDKQ]X
EDXHQ 2VWKROVWHLQLVFK 1HXPQVWHU1HXVWDGW MD GDV LVW QLFKW


DXVJHVFKORVVHQ$EHUZLUGUIHQXQVQLFKWHLQVFKFKWHUQODVVHQXQG
GLUHNWH)DKUWQDFK+DPEXUJPVVHQZLUKDEHQ©
ª+HUU.RQVXOQHKPHQVLFKGHU6DFKHZDUPDQ©
ª7MD« VRZHLW GDV LQ PHLQHQ .UlIWHQ VWHKW XQG VRZHLW PHLQ
EL‰FKHQ (LQIOX‰ UHLFKW« ,FK LQWHUHVVLHUH PLFK IU XQVHUH
(LVHQEDKQSROLWLNXQGGDVLVW7UDGLWLRQEHLXQVGHQQPHLQ9DWHUKDW
VFKRQVHLWGHP9RUVWDQGGHU%XFKHQHU%DKQDQJHK|UWXQGGDUDQ
OLHJWHVGHQQDXFKZRKOGD‰LFKPLWPHLQHQ]ZHLXQGGUHL‰LJ-DKUHQ
KLQHLQJHZlKOW ELQ PHLQH 9HUGLHQVWH VLQG MD QRFK QLFKW
EHWUlFKWOLFK«©
ª2K +HUU .RQVXO QDFK +HUUQ .RQVXOV 5HGH GDPDOV LQ GHU
%UJHUVFKDIW«©
ª-D GDPLW KDEH LFK ZRKO HWZDV (LQGUXFN JHPDFKW XQG GHU JXWH
:LOOH LVW MHGHQIDOOV YRUKDQGHQ ,FK NDQQ QXU GDQNEDU VHLQ ZLVVHQ
6LH GD‰ PHLQ 9DWHU *UR‰YDWHU XQG 8UJUR‰YDWHU PLU GLH :HJH
JHHEQHWKDEHQXQGGD‰YLHO YRQ GHP 9HUWUDXHQ XQG GHP $QVHKHQ
GDV VLH VLFK LQ GHU 6WDGW HUZRUEHQ KDEHQ RKQH ZHLWHUHV DXI PLFK
EHUWUDJHQ ZLUG GHQQ VRQVW N|QQWH LFK PLFK JDU QLFKW VR UHJHQ«
:DV KDW ]XP %HLVSLHO QDFK  XQG ]X $QIDQJ GLHVHV -DKU]HKQWV
PHLQ 9DWHU QLFKW DOOHV IU GLH 5HIRUPDWLRQ XQVHUHV 3RVWZHVHQV
JHWDQ'HQNHQ6LHPDO:HQ]HOZLHHULQGHU%UJHUVFKDIWJHPDKQW
KDWGLH+DPEXUJHU'LOLJHQFHQPLWGHU3RVW]XYHUHLQLJHQXQGZLH
HU$QQREHLP6HQDWHGHUGDPDOVJDQ]XQYHUDQWZRUWOLFKODQJVDP
ZDU PLW LPPHU QHXHQ $QWUlJHQ ]XP $QVFKOX‰ DQ GHQ GHXWVFK
|VWHUUHLFKLVFKHQ 3RVWYHUHLQ JHWULHEHQ KDW« :HQQ ZLU MHW]W HLQHQ
QLHGULJHQ 3RUWRVDW] IU %ULHIH KDEHQ XQG GLH .UHX]EDQGVHQGXQJHQ
XQG GLH )UHLPDUNHQ XQG %ULHINDVWHQ XQG GLH WHOHJUDSKLVFKHQ
9HUELQGXQJHQ PLW %HUOLQ XQG 7UDYHPQGH HU LVW QLFKW GHU /HW]WH
GHP ZLU GDIU ]X GDQNHQ KDEHQ XQG ZHQQ HU XQG HLQ SDDU DQGHUH
/HXWHGHQ6HQDWQLFKWLPPHU ZLHGHU JHGUlQJW KlWWHQVR ZlUHQ ZLU
ZRKOHZLJKLQWHUGHUGlQLVFKHQXQGGHU7KXUQXQG7D[LVVFKHQ3RVW
]XUFNJHEOLHEHQ1XQXQGZHQQLFKMHW]WLQVROFKHQ6DFKHQPHLQH
0HLQXQJVDJHVRK|UWPDQGDUDXI«©
ª'DV ZHL‰ *RWW +HUU .RQVXO GD VDJHQ +HUU .RQVXO HLQ ZDKUHV
:RUW8QGZDVGLH+DPEXUJHU%DKQEHWULIIW'DVLVWNHLQHGUHL7DJH
KHUGD‰%UJHUPHLVWHU'RNWRU2HYHUGLHFN]XPLUJHVDJWKDW¾:HQQ


ZLUHUVWVRZHLWVLQGGD‰ZLULQ+DPEXUJHLQJHHLJQHWHV7HUUDLQIU
GHQ %DKQKRI DQNDXIHQ N|QQHQ GDQQ VFKLFNHQ ZLU .RQVXO
%XGGHQEURRN PLW .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN LVW EHL VROFKHQ
9HUKDQGOXQJHQ EHVVHU ]X JHEUDXFKHQ DOV PDQFKHU -XULVW½« 'DV
ZDUHQVHLQH:RUWH«©
ª1DGDVLVWPLU VHKU VFKPHLFKHOKDIW:HQ]HO $EHU JHEHQ 6LHGD
EHUP .LQQ QRFK HLQ EL‰FKHQ 6FKDXP GDV PX‰ GD QRFK VDXEHUHU
ZHUGHQ -D NXU] XQG JXW ZLU PVVHQ XQV UHJHQ 1LFKWV JHJHQ
2HYHUGLHFNDEHUHULVWHEHQEHL-DKUHQXQGZHQQLFK%UJHUPHLVWHU
ZlUHVRJLQJHDOOHVHLQZHQLJVFKQHOOHUPHLQH LFK ,FK NDQQ QLFKW
VDJHQ ZHOFKH *HQXJWXXQJ LFK HPSILQGH GD‰ QXQ GLH $UEHLWHQ IU
GLH *DVEHOHXFKWXQJ EHJRQQHQ KDEHQ XQG HQGOLFK GLH IDWDOHQ
gOODPSHQPLWLKUHQ.HWWHQYHUVFKZLQGHQLFKGDUIPLUJHVWHKHQGD‰
LFK DXFK QLFKW JDQ] XQEHWHLOLJW DQ GLHVHP (UIROJH ELQ« $FK ZDV
JLEWHVQLFKWDOOHV]XWXQ'HQQ:HQ]HOGLH=HLWHQlQGHUQVLFKXQG
ZLU KDEHQ HLQH 0HQJH YRQ 9HUSIOLFKWXQJHQ JHJHQ GLH QHXH =HLW
:HQQLFKDQPHLQHHUVWH-XJHQGGHQNH«6LHZLVVHQEHVVHUDOVLFK
ZLH HV GDPDOV EHL XQV DXVVDK 'LH 6WUD‰HQ RKQH 7URWWRLUV XQG
]ZLVFKHQ GHQ 3IODVWHUVWHLQHQ IX‰KRKHU *UDVZXFKV XQG GLH +lXVHU
PLW 9RUEDXWHQ XQG %HLVFKOlJHQ XQG %lQNHQ« 8QG XQVHUH %DXWHQ
DXV GHP 0LWWHODOWHU ZDUHQ GXUFK $QEDXWHQ YHUKl‰OLFKW XQG
EU|FNHOWHQ QXU VR KHUXQWHU GHQQ GLH HLQ]HOQHQ /HXWH KDWWHQ ZRKO
*HOG XQG QLHPDQG KXQJHUWH DEHU GHU 6WDDW KDWWH JDU QLFKWV XQG
DOOHVZXUVWHOWHVRZHLWHUZLHPHLQ6FKZDJHU3HUPDQHGHUVDJWXQG
DQ5HSDUDWXUHQZDUQLFKW]XGHQNHQ'DVZDUHQJDQ]EHKlELJHXQG
JOFNOLFKH *HQHUDWLRQHQ GDPDOV XQG GHU ,QWLPXV PHLQHV
*UR‰YDWHUV ZLVVHQ 6LH GHU JXWH -HDQ -DFTXHV +RIIVWHGH VSD]LHUWH
XPKHU XQG EHUVHW]WH NOHLQH XQDQVWlQGLJH *HGLFKWH DXV GHP
)UDQ]|VLVFKHQ«DEHUEHVWlQGLJVRZHLWHUNRQQWHHVQLFKWJHKHQHV
KDW VLFK YLHOHV JHlQGHUW XQG ZLUG VLFK QRFK LPPHU PHKU lQGHUQ
PVVHQ« :LU KDEHQ QLFKW PHKU VLHEHQXQGGUHL‰LJWDXVHQG
(LQZRKQHU VRQGHUQ VFKRQ EHU IQI]LJ ZLH 6LH ZLVVHQ XQG GHU
&KDUDNWHU GHU 6WDGW lQGHUW VLFK 'D KDEHQ ZLU 1HXEDXWHQ XQG GLH
9RUVWlGWH GLH VLFK DXVGHKQHQ XQG JXWH 6WUD‰HQ XQG N|QQHQ GLH
'HQNPlOHU DXV XQVHUHU JUR‰HQ =HLW UHVWDXULHUHQ $EHU GDV LVW DP
(QGH EOR‰ lX‰HUOLFK 'DV PHLVWH YRP :LFKWLJVWHQ VWHKW QRFK DXV
PHLQOLHEHU:HQ]HOXQGQXQ ELQLFKZLHGHUEHLGHPFHWHUXPFHQVHR


PHLQHV VHOLJHQ 9DWHUV DQJHODQJW GHU =ROOYHUHLQ :HQ]HO ZLU
PVVHQLQGHQ=ROOYHUHLQGDVVROOWHJDUNHLQH)UDJHPHKUVHLQXQG
6LH PVVHQ PLU DOOH KHOIHQ ZHQQ LFK GDIU NlPSIH« $OV
.DXIPDQQJODXEHQ6LHPLUZHL‰LFKGDEHVVHU%HVFKHLGDOVXQVHUH
'LSORPDWHQ XQG GLH $QJVW DQ 6HOEVWlQGLJNHLW XQG )UHLKHLW
HLQ]XE‰HQ LVW OlFKHUOLFK LQ GLHVHP )DOOH 'DV ,QODQG GLH
0HFNOHQEXUJ XQG 6FKOHVZLJ+ROVWHLQ ZUGH VLFK XQV HUVFKOLH‰HQ
XQG GDV LVW XP VR ZQVFKHQVZHUWHU DOV ZLU GHQ 9HUNHKU PLW GHP
1RUGHQQLFKWPHKUVRYROOVWlQGLJEHKHUUVFKHQZLHIUKHU«JHQXJ«
ELWWH GDV +DQGWXFK :HQ]HO© VFKOR‰ GHU .RQVXO XQG ZHQQ GDQQ
QRFKEHUGHQDXJHQEOLFNOLFKHQ.XUVGHV5RJJHQVHLQ:RUWJHVDJW
ZRUGHQ ZDU GHU DXI IQIXQGIQI]LJ 7DOHU VWHKH XQG QRFK LPPHU
YHUIOXFKW ]XP )DOOHQ LQNOLQLHUH ZHQQ YLHOOHLFKW QRFK HLQH
%HPHUNXQJ EHU LUJHQGHLQ )DPLOLHQHUHLJQLV LQ GHU 6WDGW JHIDOOHQ
ZDUVRYHUVFKZDQG+HUU:HQ]HOGXUFKGDV6RXWHUUDLQ XP DXIGHU
6WUD‰HVHLQEODQNHV6FKDXPJHIl‰DXIV3IODVWHU]XHQWOHHUHQXQGGHU
.RQVXOVWLHJEHUGLH:HQGHOWUHSSHLQV6FKODI]LPPHUKLQDXIZRHU
*HUGD GLH XQWHUGHVVHQ HUZDFKW ZDU DXI GLH 6WLUQ N‰WH XQG VLFK
DQNOHLGHWH
'LHVH NOHLQHQ 0RUJHQJHVSUlFKH PLW GHP DXIJHZHFNWHQ %DUELHU
ELOGHWHQGLH(LQOHLWXQJ]XGHQOHEKDIWHVWHQXQGWlWLJVWHQ7DJHQEHU
XQG EHU DXVJHIOOW PLW 'HQNHQ 5HGHQ +DQGHOQ 6FKUHLEHQ
%HUHFKQHQ +LQ XQG :LGHUJHKHQ« 'DQN VHLQHQ 5HLVHQ VHLQHQ
.HQQWQLVVHQ VHLQHQ ,QWHUHVVHQ ZDU7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN LQ VHLQHU
8PJHEXQJ GHU DP ZHQLJVWHQ EUJHUOLFK EHVFKUlQNWH .RSI XQG
VLFKHUOLFKZDUHUGHUHUVWHGLH(QJHXQG.OHLQKHLWGHU9HUKlOWQLVVH
]X HPSILQGHQ LQ GHQHQ HU VLFK EHZHJWH $EHU GUDX‰HQ LQ VHLQHP
ZHLWHUHQ 9DWHUODQGH ZDU DXI GHQ $XIVFKZXQJ GHV |IIHQWOLFKHQ
/HEHQVGHQ GLH 5HYROXWLRQVMDKUH JHEUDFKW KDWWHQ HLQH 3HULRGH GHU
(UVFKODIIXQJ GHV 6WLOOVWDQGHV XQG GHU 8PNHKU JHIROJW ]X |GH XP
HLQHQOHEHQGLJHQ6LQQ]XEHVFKlIWLJHQ XQGVR EHVD‰HU GHQQ *HLVW
JHQXJXPGHQ 6SUXFK YRQ GHU EOR‰ V\PEROLVFKHQ %HGHXWXQJ DOOHV
PHQVFKOLFKHQ 7XQV ]X VHLQHU /LHEOLQJVZDKUKHLW ]X PDFKHQ XQG
DOOHVZDVDQ:ROOHQ.|QQHQ(QWKXVLDVPXVXQGDNWLYHP6FKZXQJ
VHLQHLJHQZDULQGHQ'LHQVWGHVNOHLQHQ*HPHLQZHVHQV]XVWHOOHQ
LQ GHVVHQ %H]LUN VHLQ 1DPH ]X GHQ (UVWHQ JHK|UWH  VRZLH LQ GHQ
'LHQVWGLHVHV1DPHQVXQGGHV)LUPHQVFKLOGHVGDVHUHUHUEW«*HLVW


JHQXJ VHLQHQ (KUJHL] HV LP .OHLQHQ ]X *U|‰H XQG 0DFKW ]X
EULQJHQJOHLFK]HLWLJ]XEHOlFKHOQXQGHUQVW]XQHKPHQ
.DXPKDWWHHUYRQ$QWRQEHGLHQWLP6SHLVH]LPPHUGDV)UKVWFN
JHQRPPHQ VR PDFKWH HU 6WUD‰HQWRLOHWWH XQG EHJDE VLFK LQ VHLQ
.RQWRU DQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H (U YHUZHLOWH GRUW QLFKW YLHO OlQJHU DOV
HLQH 6WXQGH (U VFKULHE ]ZHL RGHU GUHL GULQJHQGH %ULHIH XQG
7HOHJUDPPH HUWHLOWH GLHVH RGHU MHQH :HLVXQJ JDE JOHLFKVDP GHP
JUR‰HQ 7ULHEUDGH GHV *HVFKlIWHV HLQHQ NOHLQHQ 6WR‰ XQG EHUOLH‰
GDQQGLHhEHUZDFKXQJGHV)RUWJDQJHVGHPEHGlFKWLJHQ6HLWHQEOLFN
GHV+HUUQ0DUFXV
(U ]HLJWH VLFK XQG VSUDFK LQ 6LW]XQJHQ XQG 9HUVDPPOXQJHQ
YHUZHLOWHDQGHU%|UVHXQWHUGHQJRWLVFKHQ$UNDGHQDP0DUNWSODW]
WDW,QVSHNWLRQVJlQJHDQGHQ+DIHQLQGLH6SHLFKHUYHUKDQGHOWHDOV
5HHGHUPLW.DSLWlQHQ«XQGHVIROJWHQXQWHUEURFKHQQXUGXUFKHLQ
IOFKWLJHV)UKVWFNPLWGHUDOWHQ.RQVXOLQXQGGDV0LWWDJHVVHQPLW
*HUGDQDFKZHOFKHPHUHLQHKDOEH6WXQGHDXIGHP'LZDQPLWHLQHU
=LJDUUH XQG GHU =HLWXQJ YHUEUDFKWH ELV LQ GHQ $EHQG KLQHLQ HLQH
0HQJHYRQ$UEHLWHQKDQGHOWHHVVLFKQXQXPVHLQHLJHQHV*HVFKlIW
RGHU XP =ROO 6WHXHU %DX (LVHQEDKQ 3RVW $UPHQSIOHJH DXFK LQ
*HELHWH GLH LKP HLJHQWOLFK IHUQODJHQ XQG LQ GHU 5HJHO GHQ
¾*HOHKUWHQ½]XVWDQGHQYHUVFKDIIWHHUVLFK(LQVLFKWXQGEHVRQGHUVLQ
)LQDQ]DQJHOHJHQKHLWHQEHZLHVHUUDVFKHLQHJOlQ]HQGH%HJDEXQJ«
(UKWHWHVLFKGDV JHVHOOLJH /HEHQ ]X YHUQDFKOlVVLJHQ =ZDU OLH‰
LQ GLHVHU %H]LHKXQJ VHLQH 3QNWOLFKNHLW ]X ZQVFKHQ EULJ XQG
EHVWlQGLJ HUVWLQ GHUOHW]WHQ 6HNXQGH ZHQQ VHLQH *DWWLQ LQ JUR‰HU
7RLOHWWH XQG GHU :DJHQ XQWHQ VFKRQ HLQH KDOEH 6WXQGH JHZDUWHW
KDWWHQ HUVFKLHQ HU PLW HLQHP ª3DUGRQ *HUGD *HVFKlIWH«© XP
VLFK KDVWLJ LQ GHQ )UDFN ]X ZHUIHQ $EHU DQ 2UW XQG 6WHOOH EHL
'LQHUV %lOOHQ XQG $EHQGJHVHOOVFKDIWHQ YHUVWDQG HU HV GRFK HLQ
OHEKDIWHV ,QWHUHVVH DQ GHQ 7DJ ]X OHJHQ VLFK DOV OLHEHQVZUGLJHQ
&DXVHXU ]X ]HLJHQ« XQG HU XQG VHLQH *DWWLQ VWDQGHQ GHQ DQGHUHQ
UHLFKHQ +lXVHUQ DQ 5HSUlVHQWDWLRQ QLFKW QDFK VHLQH .FKH VHLQ
.HOOHUJDOWHQIUªWLSSWRSS©HUZDUDOVYHUELQGOLFKHUDXIPHUNVDPHU
XQG XPVLFKWLJHU *DVWJHEHU JHVFKlW]W XQG GHU :LW] VHLQHU 7RDVWH
HUKRE VLFK EHU GDV 'XUFKVFKQLWWVQLYHDX 6WLOOH $EHQGH DEHU
YHUEUDFKWH HU LQ *HUGD¶V *HVHOOVFKDIW LQGHP HU UDXFKHQG LKUHP


*HLJHQVSLHO ODXVFKWH RGHU HLQ %XFK PLW LKU ODV GHXWVFKH
IUDQ]|VLVFKHXQGUXVVLVFKH(U]lKOXQJHQGLHVLHDXVZlKOWH«
6RDUEHLWHWHHUXQG]ZDQJGHQ(UIROJGHQQVHLQ$QVHKHQZXFKVLQ
GHU 6WDGW XQG WURW] GHU .DSLWDOVHQW]LHKXQJHQ GXUFK &KULVWLDQV
(WDEOLHUXQJ XQG 7RQ\¶V ]ZHLWH +HLUDW KDWWH GLH )LUPD YRUWUHIIOLFKH
-DKUH%HLDOOHGHPDEHUJDEHVPDQFKHVZDVIU6WXQGHQVHLQHQ0XW
ODKPWH GLH (ODVWL]LWlW VHLQHV *HLVWHV EHHLQWUlFKWLJWH VHLQH
6WLPPXQJWUEWH
'DZDU&KULVWLDQLQ+DPEXUJGHVVHQ6R]LXV+HUU%XUPHHVWHULP
)UKOLQJGLHVHV-DKUHVJDQ]SO|W]OLFKHLQHP6FKODJDQIDOOHHUODJ
6HLQH(UEHQHQW]RJHQGHU)LUPDGDV.DSLWDOGHV9HUVWRUEHQHQXQG
GHU .RQVXO ZLGHUULHW HV VHLQHP %UXGHU GULQJHQG VLH PLW VHLQHQ
HLJHQHQ0LWWHOQIRUW]XIKUHQGHQQHUZLVVHZRKOZLHVFKZHUHVVHL
HLQ JU|‰HU ]XJHVFKQLWWHQHV *HVFKlIW PLW SO|W]OLFK VWDUN
YHUPLQGHUWHP .DSLWDO ]X KDOWHQ $EHU &KULVWLDQ GUDQJ DXI GLH
)RUWGDXHU VHLQHU 6HOEVWlQGLJNHLW HU EHUQDKP $NWLYD XQG 3DVVLYD
YRQ ¾+ & ) %XUPHHVWHU  &RPS½« XQG 8QDQQHKPOLFKNHLWHQ
VWDQGHQ]XEHIUFKWHQ
'D ZDU IHUQHU GHV .RQVXOV 6FKZHVWHU &ODUD LQ 5LJD« 'D‰ LKUH
(KH PLW GHP 3DVWRU 7LEXUWLXV RKQH .LQGHUVHJHQ JHEOLHEHQ ZDU
PRFKWH KLQJHKHQ GHQQ &ODUD %XGGHQEURRN KDWWH VLFK QLHPDOV
.LQGHU JHZQVFKW XQG EHVD‰ RKQH =ZHLIHO K|FKVW ZHQLJ
PWWHUOLFKHV 7DOHQW $EHU LKUH *HVXQGKHLW OLH‰ LKUHQ XQG LKUHV
0DQQHV %ULHIHQ ]XIROJH DOO]XYLHO ]X ZQVFKHQ EULJ XQG GLH
*HKLUQVFKPHU]HQ DQ GHQHQVLH VFKRQ DOV MXQJHV 0lGFKHQ JHOLWWHQ
WUDWHQ VR KLH‰ HV QHXHUGLQJV SHULRGLVFK LQ IDVW XQHUWUlJOLFKHP
*UDGHDXI
'DV ZDU EHXQUXKLJHQG (LQH GULWWH 6RUJH DEHU EHVWDQG GDULQ GD‰
DXFK KLHU DQ 2UW XQG 6WHOOH VHOEVW IU GDV )RUWOHEHQ GHV
)DPLOLHQQDPHQV QRFK LPPHU NHLQH 6LFKHUKHLW JHJHEHQ ZDU *HUGD
EHKDQGHOWH GLHVH )UDJH PLW HLQHP VRXYHUlQHQ *OHLFKPXW GHU HLQHU
GHJRXWLHUWHQ $EOHKQXQJ lX‰HUVW QDKH NDP 7KRPDV YHUVFKZLHJ
VHLQHQ.XPPHU'LHDOWH.RQVXOLQDEHUQDKPGLH6DFKHLQGLH+DQG
XQG]RJ*UDERZEHLVHLWHª'RNWRUXQWHUXQVGDPX‰HQGOLFKHWZDV
JHVFKHKHQ QLFKW ZDKU" (LQ EL‰FKHQ %HUJOXIW LQ .UHXWK XQG HLQ
EL‰FKHQ 6HHOXIW LQ *OFNVEXUJ RGHU 7UDYHPQGH VFKHLQW GD QLFKW
DQ]XVFKODJHQ :DV PHLQHQ 6LH«© 8QG *UDERZ ZHLO VHLQ


DQJHQHKPHV 5H]HSW ª6WUHQJH 'LlW HLQ ZHQLJ 7DXEH HLQ ZHQLJ
)UDQ]EURW©LQGLHVHP)DOOHGRFKZRKOZLHGHUHLQPDOQLFKWHQHUJLVFK
JHQXJ HLQJHJULIIHQ KDEHQ ZUGH YHURUGQHWH 3\UPRQW XQG
6FKODQJHQEDG« 'DV ZDUHQ GUHL %HGHQNHQ 8QG 7RQ\"  $UPH
7RQ\

$FKWHV.DSLWHO

6LH VFKULHE ª8QG ZHQQ LFK ¾)ULNDGHOOHQ½ VDJH VR EHJUHLIW VLH HV
QLFKWGHQQHVKHL‰WKLHU¾3IODQ]HUOQ½XQGZHQQVLH¾.DUILRO½VDJWVR
ILQGHW VLFK ZRKO QLFKW VR OHLFKW HLQ &KULVWHQPHQVFK GHU GDUDXI
YHUIlOOW GD‰ VLH %OXPHQNRKO PHLQW XQG ZHQQ LFK VDJH
¾%UDWNDUWRIIHOQ½ VR VFKUHLW VLH VR ODQJH ¾:DKV½ ELV LFK ¾*HU|KVWH
.DUWRIIHOQ½ VDJH GHQQ VR KHL‰W HV KLHU XQG PLW ¾:DKV½ PHLQW VLH
¾:LH EHOLHEW½ 8QG GDV LVW QXQ VFKRQ GLH ]ZHLWH GHQQ GLH HUVWH
3HUVRQZHOFKH.DWKLKLH‰KDEHLFKPLUHUODXEWDXVGHP+DXVH]X
VFKLFNHQZHLOVLHLPPHUJOHLFKJUREZXUGHRGHUZHQLJVWHQVVFKLHQ
HV PLU VR GHQQ LFK NDQQ PLFK DXFK JHLUUW KDEHQ ZLH LFK
QDFKWUlJOLFKHLQVHKH GHQQ PDQ ZHL‰ KLHU QLFKW UHFKW RE GLH /HXWH
HLJHQWOLFKJURERGHUIUHXQGOLFKUHGHQ'LHVHMHW]LJHZHOFKH%DEHWWH
KHL‰W ZDV %lEHWW DXV]XVSUHFKHQ LVW KDW EULJHQV HLQ UHFKW
DQJHQHKPHV([WHULHXUXQGVFKRQHWZDVJDQ]6GOLFKHVZLHHVKLHU
PDQFKH JLEW PLW VFKZDU]HP +DDU XQG VFKZDU]HQ $XJHQ XQG
=lKQHQ XP GLH PDQ VLH EHQHLGHQ N|QQWH $XFK LVW VLH ZLOOLJ XQG
EHUHLWHW XQWHU PHLQHU $QOHLWXQJ PDQFKHV YRQ XQVHUHQ KHLPDWOLFKHQ
*HULFKWHQVRJHVWHUQ]XP%HLVSLHO6DXHUDPSIHUPLW.RULQWKHQDEHU
GDYRQKDEHLFKJUR‰HQ.XPPHUJHKDEWGHQQ3HUPDQHGHUQDKPPLU
GLHV *HPVH VR EHO REJOHLFK HU GLH .RULQWKHQ PLW GHU *DEHO
KHUDXVSLFNWH GD‰ HU GHQ JDQ]HQ 1DFKPLWWDJ QLFKW PLW PLU VSUDFK
VRQGHUQQXUPXUUWHXQGNDQQLFKVDJHQ0XWWHUGD‰GDV/HEHQQLFKW
LPPHUOHLFKWLVW©
$OOHLQHVZDUHQQLFKW QXU GLH ª3IODQ]HUOQ© XQG GHU 6DXHUDPSIHU
GLH LKU GDV /HEHQ YHUELWWHUWHQ« *OHLFK LQ GHQ )OLWWHUZRFKHQ KDWWH
HLQ 6FKODJ VLH JHWURIIHQ HLQ 8QYRUKHUJHVHKHQHV 8QJHDKQWHV


8QID‰OLFKHVZDUEHUVLHKHUHLQJHEURFKHQHLQ(UHLJQLVGDVLKUDOOH
)UHXGLJNHLW JHQRPPHQ KDWWH XQG GDV VLH QLFKW ]X YHUZLQGHQ
YHUPRFKWH'LHVHV(UHLJQLVZDUIROJHQGHV
(UVW DOV GDV (KHSDDU 3HUPDQHGHU EHUHLWV HLQLJH :RFKHQ LQ
0QFKHQ OHEWH KDWWH .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN GLH WHVWDPHQWDULVFK
IL[LHUWH 0LWJLIW VHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU GDV KHL‰W HLQXQGIQI]LJWDXVHQG
0DUN.XUDQWIOVVLJPDFKHQN|QQHQXQGGLHVH6XPPHZDUKLHUDXI
LQ *XOGHQ XPJHVHW]W YROONRPPHQ ULFKWLJ LQ +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHUV
+lQGHJHODQJW+HUU3HUPDQHGHUKDWWHVLHVLFKHUXQGQLFKWXQJQVWLJ
GHSRQLHUW:DVHUDEHUGDQQRKQH=|JHUQXQG(UU|WHQVHLQHU*DWWLQ
JHVDJWKDWWHZDUGLHVª7RQHUO©HUQDQQWHVLH7RQHUOª7RQHUOPLU
ZDU¶V JQXD 0HKU EUDXFKHQ PHU QLPPHU , KDE¶ PL DOOZHLO
J¶VFKXQGHQ XQG MHW]W ZLOO L PHL 5XK +LPPL 6DNUDPHQW 0HU
YHUPLHWHQG 3DUWHUUH XQG GLH ]ZRDWH (WDVFK XQG GDKLHU KDPHU D
JXDWH :RKQXQJ XQG N|QQHQ D 6FKZHLQVKD[HQ HVVHQ XQG EUDXFKHQ
XQV QHW DOOZHLO JDU VR QREL ]¶VDPPULFKWHQ XQG DXIGUDKQ« XQG DP
$EHQG KDE¶ L ¶V +RIEUlXKDXV , ELQ ND 3URW]HQ QHW XQG PDJ QHW
DOOZHLO D *ROG ]¶VDPPVFKDUUQ L PDJ PHL *¶PDWOLFKNHLW 9RQ
PRUJHQDEPDFK¶L6FKOX‰XQGZHUG¶3ULYDWLHU©
ª3HUPDQHGHU©KDWWHVLHDXVJHUXIHQXQG]ZDU]XPHUVWHQ0DOHPLW
GHPJDQ]EHVRQGHUHQ.HKOODXWPLWGHPVLH+HUUQ*UQOLFKV1DPHQ
]XQHQQHQSIOHJWH(UDEHUKDWWHQXUJHDQWZRUWHWª$JHKVHLVWDG©
XQG GDQQKDWWHHLQ 6WUHLW VLFKHQWVSRQQHQ ZLH HU VR IUK VR HUQVW
XQGKHIWLJGDV*OFNHLQHU(KHIUDOOH =HLW HUVFKWWHUQ PX‰« (U
ZDU 6LHJHU JHEOLHEHQ ,KU OHLGHQVFKDIWOLFKVWHU :LGHUVWDQG ZDU DQ
VHLQHP 'UDQJ QDFK ª*¶PDWOLFKNHLW© JHVFKHLWHUW GDV (QGH ZDU
JHZHVHQ GD‰ +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU VHLQ LQ GHP +RSIHQJHVFKlIW
VWHFNHQGHV .DSLWDO OLTXLGLHUW KDWWH VR GD‰ QXQ +HUU 1RSSH
VHLQHUVHLWV GDV ª&RPS© DXI VHLQHU .DUWH EODX GXUFKVWUHLFKHQ
NRQQWH«XQGZLHGLH0HKU]DKOVHLQHU)UHXQGHPLWGHQHQHUDEHQGV
DP 6WDPPWLVFKH LP +RIEUlXKDXVH .DUWHQ VSLHOWH XQG VHLQH
UHJHOPl‰LJHQ GUHL /LWHU WUDQN EHVFKUlQNWH 7RQ\¶V *DWWH QXQ VHLQH
7lWLJNHLW DXI 0LHWHVWHLJHUQ DOV +DXVEHVLW]HU XQG HLQ EHVFKHLGHQHV
XQGIULHGOLFKHV.XSRQVFKQHLGHQ
'HU .RQVXOLQ ZDU GLHV JDQ] HLQIDFK PLWJHWHLOW ZRUGHQ ,Q GHQ
%ULHIHQ DEHU GLH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU GDUEHU DQ LKUHQ %UXGHU
JHVFKULHEHQ KDWWH ZDU GHU 6FKPHU] ]X HUNHQQHQ JHZHVHQ GHQ VLH


HPSIDQG« $UPH 7RQ\ LKUH VFKOLPPVWHQ %HIUFKWXQJHQ ZDUHQ
ZHLWDXV EHUWUHIIHQ ZRUGHQ 6LH KDWWH ]XYRU JHZX‰W GD‰ +HUU
3HUPDQHGHU QLFKWV YRQ GHU ª5HJVDPNHLW© EHVD‰ YRQ GHU LKU HUVWHU
*DWWH ]X YLHO DQ GHQ 7DJ JHOHJW KDWWH GD‰ HU DEHU VR JlQ]OLFK GLH
(UZDUWXQJHQ]XVFKDQGHQPDFKHQZHUGHGLHVLHQRFKDP9RUDEHQG
LKUHU9HUOREXQJJHJHQ0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQDXVJHVSURFKHQKDWWHGD‰
HUVRY|OOLJGLH9HUSIOLFKWXQJHQYHUNHQQHQZHUGHGLHHUEHUQDKP
LQGHPHUHLQH%XGGHQEURRNHKHOLFKWHGDVKDWWHVLHQLFKWJHDKQW
(VPX‰WHYHUZXQGHQZHUGHQXQGLKUH)DPLOLH]X+DXVHHUVDKDXV
LKUHQ %ULHIHQ ZLH VLH UHVLJQLHUWH =LHPOLFK HLQI|UPLJ OHEWH VLH PLW
LKUHP0DQQHXQG(ULNDZHOFKHGLH6FKXOHEHVXFKWHGDKLQEHVRUJWH
LKUHQ+DXVVWDQGYHUNHKUWHIUHXQGVFKDIWOLFKPLWGHQ/HXWHQGLHIU
GDV3DUWHUUHXQGGHQ]ZHLWHQ6WRFNVLFKDOV0LHWHUJHIXQGHQKDWWHQ
VRZLH PLW GHU )DPLOLH 1LHGHUSDXU DP 0DULHQSODW] XQG EHULFKWHWH
GDQQXQGZDQQYRQ+RIWKHDWHUEHVXFKHQGLHVLHPLW LKUHU )UHXQGLQ
(YDYRUQDKPGHQQ+HUU3HUPDQHGHUOLHEWHGHUJOHLFKHQQLFKWXQGHV
HUZLHV VLFK GD‰ HU GHU LQ VHLQHP ªOLDEHQ© 0QFKHQ PHKU DOV
YLHU]LJ -DKUH DOW JHZRUGHQ ZDU QRFK QLHPDOV GDV ,QQHUH GHU
3LQDNRWKHNHUEOLFNWKDWWH
'LH7DJHJLQJHQ«'LHUHFKWH)UHXGHDEHUDQLKUHPQHXHQ/HEHQ
ZDU IU 7RQ\ GDKLQ VHLW +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU VLFK VRIRUW QDFK GHP
(PSIDQJLKUHU0LWJLIW]XU5XKHJHVHW]WKDWWH'LH+RIIQXQJIHKOWH
1LHPDOV ZUGH VLH HLQHQ (UIROJ HLQHQ $XIVFKZXQJ QDFK +DXVH
EHULFKWHQN|QQHQ6RZLHHVMHW]WZDUVRUJORVDEHUEHVFKUlQNWXQG
VRKHU]OLFKZHQLJ¾YRUQHKP½VRVROOWHHVXQDElQGHUOLFKEOHLEHQELV
DQ LKU /HEHQVHQGH 'DV ODVWHWH DXI LKU 8QG DXVLKUHQ %ULHIHQ JLQJ
JDQ] GHXWOLFK KHUYRU GD‰ JHUDGH GLHVH QLFKW VHKU JHKREHQH
6WLPPXQJ LKU GLH (LQJHZ|KQXQJ LQ GLH VGGHXWVFKHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVH
HUVFKZHUWH (V JLQJ MD LP HLQ]HOQHQ 6LH OHUQWH HV VLFK PLW GHQ
'LHQVWPlGFKHQ XQG /LHIHUDQWHQ ]X YHUVWlQGLJHQ ª3IODQ]HULQ© VWDWW
ª)ULNDGHOOHQ© ]X VDJHQ XQG LKUHP 0DQQH NHLQH )UXFKWVXSSH PHKU
YRU]XVHW]HQQDFKGHPHUGHUJOHLFKHQDOVªD*¶VFKODPSD]¶ZLGUHV©
EH]HLFKQHWKDWWH$EHULPJUR‰HQJDQ]HQEOLHEVLHVWHWVHLQH)UHPGH
LQ LKUHU QHXHQ +HLPDW GHQQ GLH (PSILQGXQJ GD‰ HLQH JHERUHQH
%XGGHQEURRN ]X VHLQ KLHU XQWHQ GXUFKDXV QLFKWV %HPHUNHQVZHUWHV
ZDU EHGHXWHWH HLQH EHVWlQGLJH HLQH XQDXIK|UOLFKH 'HPWLJXQJ IU
VLH XQG ZHQQ VLH EULHIOLFK HU]lKOWH LUJHQGHLQ 0DXUHUVPDQQ KDEH


VLHLQGHUHLQHQ+DQGHLQHQ0D‰NUXJXQGLQGHUDQGHUHQHLQHQ5DGL
DP6FKZlQ]HDXIGHU6WUD‰HDQJHUHGHWXQGJHVDJWª,ELWW¶ZLDVSlW
LV¶)UDX 1DFKERKULQ"© VR ZDU WURW] DOOHU 6FKHU]KDIWLJNHLW HLQ VHKU
VWDUNHU8QWHUWRQYRQ(QWUVWXQJIKOEDUXQGPDQNRQQWHEHU]HXJW
VHLQ GD‰ VLH GHQ .RSI ]XUFNJHOHJW XQG GHQ 0DQQ ZHGHU HLQHU
$QWZRUWQRFKHLQHV%OLFNHVJHZUGLJWKDWWH«
hEULJHQVZDUHVQLFKWGLHVH)RUPORVLJNHLWXQGGLHVHUJHULQJH6LQQ
IU'LVWDQ]DOOHLQZDVLKUIUHPGXQGXQV\PSDWKLVFKEOLHE6LHGUDQJ
QLFKWWLHILQGDV0QFKHQHU/HEHQXQG7UHLEHQHLQDEHUHV XPJDE
VLH GRFK GLH 0QFKHQHU /XIW GLH /XIW HLQHU JUR‰HQ 6WDGW YROOHU
.QVWOHUXQG%UJHUGLHQLFKWVWDWHQHLQHHLQZHQLJGHPRUDOLVLHUWH
/XIWGLHPLW+XPRUHLQ]XDWPHQLKUH6WLPPXQJLKURIWYHUZHKUWH
'LH7DJHJLQJHQ«'DQQDEHUVFKLHQGRFKHLQ*OFNNRPPHQ]X
ZROOHQXQG]ZDUGDVMHQLJHZHOFKHVPDQLQGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HXQG
GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H YHUJHEOLFK HUVHKQWH GHQQ QLFKW ODQJH QDFK GHP
1HXMDKUVWDJHZDUGGLH+RIIQXQJ]XU*HZL‰KHLWGD‰7RQ\]XP
]ZHLWHQ0DOH0XWWHUZHUGHQVROOWH
'LH)UHXGH]LWWHUWHQXQJOHLFKVDPLQLKUHQ%ULHIHQGLHVRYROOYRQ
EHUPWLJHQ NLQGOLFKHQ XQG JHZLFKWLJHQ 5HGHZHQGXQJHQ ZDUHQ
ZLH ODQJH QLFKW PHKU 'LH .RQVXOLQ ZHOFKH DEJHVHKHQ YRQ LKUHQ
6RPPHUIDKUWHQ GLH VLFK EULJHQV PHKU XQG PHKU DXI GHQ
2VWVHHVWUDQGEHVFKUlQNWHQGDV5HLVHQQLFKWPHKUOLHEWHEHGDXHUWH
LKUHU7RFKWHULQ GLHVHU =HLW IHUQEOHLEHQ ]X PVVHQ XQG YHUVLFKHUWH
VLH QXU VFKULIWOLFK GHV J|WWOLFKHQ %HLVWDQGHV 7RP DEHU VRZRKO ZLH
*HUGDPHOGHWHQVLFK]XU7DXIHDQXQG7RQ\¶V.RSIZDUHUIOOWYRQ
3OlQHQLQEHWUHIIHLQHVYRUQHKPHQ(PSIDQJHV«
$UPH 7RQ\ 'LHVHU (PSIDQJ VROOWH VLFK XQHQGOLFK WUDXULJ
JHVWDOWHQXQGGLHVH7DXIHGLHLKUDOVHLQHQW]FNHQGHVNOHLQHV)HVW
PLW %OXPHQ .RQIHNW XQG 6FKRNRODGH YRU $XJHQ JHVFKZHEW KDWWH
VROOWH EHUKDXSW QLFKW VWDWWILQGHQ  GHQQ GDV .LQG HLQ NOHLQHV
0lGFKHQ VROOWH QXU LQV /HEHQ WUHWHQ XP QDFK HLQHU DUPHQ
9LHUWHOVWXQGH ZlKUHQG ZHOFKHU GHU $U]W VLFK YHUJHEOLFK EHPKWH
GHQ XQIlKLJHQ NOHLQHQ 2UJDQLVPXV LQ *DQJ ]X KDOWHQ GHP 'DVHLQ
VFKRQQLFKWPHKUDQ]XJHK|UHQ«
.RQVXO%XGGHQEURRNXQGVHLQH*DWWLQIDQGHQDOVVLHLQ0QFKHQ
HLQWUDIHQ 7RQ\ VHOEVW QLFKW DX‰HU *HIDKU :HLW VFKZHUHU DOV GDV


HUVWHPDO ODJ VLH GDQLHGHU XQG ZlKUHQG PHKUHUHU 7DJH YHUZHLJHUWH
LKU0DJHQ DQGHVVHQ QHUY|VHU 6FKZlFKH VLH VFKRQ YRUKHU KLH XQG
GD JHOLWWHQ KDWWH GLH $QQDKPH IDVW MHGHU 1DKUXQJ ,QGHVVHQ VLH
JHQDVXQGGLH%XGGHQEURRNVNRQQWHQLQGLHVHU%H]LHKXQJEHUXKLJW
DEUHLVHQ  ZHQQ DXFK DQGHUHUVHLWV QLFKW RKQH 1DFKGHQNOLFKNHLW
GHQQ HV KDWWH VLFK LKQHQ DOO]X GHXWOLFK JH]HLJW XQG EHVRQGHUV GHU
%HREDFKWXQJGHV.RQVXOVZDUHVQLFKWHQWJDQJHQGD‰QLFKWHLQPDO
GDV JHPHLQVDPH /HLG LPVWDQGH JHZHVHQ ZDU GLH EHLGHQ *DWWHQ
HLQDQGHUHUKHEOLFK]XQlKHUQ
1LFKWV JHJHQ +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHUV JXWHV +HU]« (U ZDU DXIULFKWLJ
HUVFKWWHUWJHZHVHQGLFNH7UlQHQZDUHQDQJHVLFKWVVHLQHVOHEORVHQ
.LQGHV DXV GHQ YHUTXROOHQHQ bXJOHLQ EHU GLH ]X DXIJHWULHEHQHQ
:DQJHQ LQ GHQ DXVJHIUDQVWHQ 6FKQDX]EDUW JHIORVVHQ XQG HU KDWWH
PHKUHUH 0DOH PLW VFKZHUHP 6HXI]HQ KHUYRUJHEUDFKW ª(V LV KDOW D
.UHL]$.UHL]LV¶2PHL©$EHUVHLQHª*¶PDWOLFKNHLW©KDWWHQDFK
7RQ\¶V %HJULIIHQ QLFKW ODQJH JHQXJ GDUXQWHU JHOLWWHQ VHLQH
$EHQGVWXQGHQ LP +RIEUlXKDXV KDWWHQ LKQ EDOG GDUEHU
KLQZHJJHEUDFKW XQG PLW GHP EHTXHPHQ JXWPWLJHQ HLQ EL‰FKHQ
PUULVFKHQ XQG HLQ EL‰FKHQ VWXPSIVLQQLJHQ )DWDOLVPXV GHU LQ
VHLQHPª(VLVKDOWD.UHL]©HQWKDOWHQZDUªZXUVWHOWH©HUIRUW
7RQ\¶V %ULHIH DEHU YHUORUHQ YRQ QXQ DQ QLFKW PHKU GHQ 7RQ YRQ
+RIIQXQJVORVLJNHLW XQG VHOEVW YRQ $QNODJH« ª$FK 0XWWHU©
VFKULHE VLH ªZDV NRPPW DXFK DOOHV DXI PLFK KHUDE (UVW *UQOLFK
XQGGHU%DQNHURWWXQGGDQQ3HUPDQHGHUDOV3ULYDWLHUXQGGDQQGDV
WRWH.LQG:RPLWKDEHLFKVRYLHO8QJOFNYHUGLHQW©
'HU.RQVXO]X+DXVHZHQQHUVROFKHbX‰HUXQJHQODVNRQQWHVLFK
HLQHV /lFKHOQV QLFKW HUZHKUHQ GHQQ WURW] DOOHV 6FKPHU]HV GHU LQ
GHQ =HLOHQ VWHFNWH YHUVSUWH HU HLQHQ 8QWHUWRQ YRQ EHLQDKH
GUROOLJHP6WRO]XQGHUZX‰WHGD‰7RQ\%XGGHQEURRNDOV0DGDPH
*UQOLFKVRZRKOZLHDOV0DGDPH3HUPDQHGHULPPHUHLQ.LQGEOLHE
GD‰ VLH DOOH LKUH VHKU HUZDFKVHQHQ (UOHEQLVVH IDVW XQJOlXELJ GDQQ
DEHUPLWNLQGOLFKHP(UQVWNLQGOLFKHU:LFKWLJNHLWXQGYRUDOOHP
NLQGOLFKHU:LGHUVWDQGVIlKLJNHLWHUOHEWH
6LHEHJULIIQLFKWZRPLWVLH/HLGYHUGLHQWKDEHGHQQREJOHLFKVLH
VLFK EHU GLH JUR‰H )U|PPLJNHLW LKUHU 0XWWHU PRNLHUWH ZDU VLH
VHOEVW VR YROO GDYRQ GD‰ VLH DQ 9HUGLHQVW XQG *HUHFKWLJNHLW DXI
(UGHQ LQEUQVWLJ JODXEWH« DUPH 7RQ\ 'HU 7RG LKUHV ]ZHLWHQ


.LQGHVZDUZHGHUGHUOHW]WHQRFKGHUKlUWHVWH6FKODJGHUVLHWUHIIHQ
VROOWH«
$OV GDV -DKU  VLFK ]X (QGH QHLJWH JHVFKDK HWZDV
)UFKWHUOLFKHV«

1HXQWHV.DSLWHO

(VZDUHLQ7DJJHJHQ(QGHGHV1RYHPEHUHLQNDOWHU+HUEVWWDJPLW
GXQVWLJHP +LPPHO GHU EHLQDKH VFKRQ 6FKQHH YHUVSUDFK XQG
ZDOOHQGHP1HEHOGHQKLHXQGGDGLH 6RQQH GXUFKGUDQJ HLQHU YRQ
GHQ 7DJHQ DQ GHQHQ LQ GHU +DIHQVWDGW GHU VFKDUIH 1RUGRVW PLW
HLQHPWFNLVFKHQ3IHLIHQXPGLHPDVVLJHQ(FNHQGHU.LUFKHQVDXVWH
XQGHLQH/XQJHQHQW]QGXQJZRKOIHLO]XKDEHQZDU
$OV JHJHQ 0LWWDJ .RQVXO 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN LQV
)UKVWFNV]LPPHUWUDWIDQGHUVHLQH0XWWHUGLH%ULOOHDXIGHU1DVH
DP7LVFKHEHUHLQ3DSLHUJHEHXJWª7RP©VDJWHVLHLQGHPVLHLKQ
DQEOLFNWHXQGGDV3DSLHUPLWEHLGHQ+lQGHQEHLVHLWHKLHOWDOV]|JHUH
VLHHVLKP]X]HLJHQ«ª(UVFKULFNQLFKW«(WZDV8QDQJHQHKPHV«
,FK EHJUHLIH QLFKW« (V LVW DXV %HUOLQ« (V PX‰ HWZDV JHVFKHKHQ
VHLQ«©
ª%LWWH© VDJWH HU NXU] (U YHUIlUEWH VLFK XQG HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN
WUDWHQGLH0XVNHOQDQVHLQHQ6FKOlIHQKHUYRUGHQQHUEL‰GLH=lKQH
]XVDPPHQ (U VWUHFNWH PLW HLQHU lX‰HUVW HQWVFKLHGHQHQ %HZHJXQJ
GLH +DQG DXV DOV ZROOWH HU VDJHQ ¾1XU VFKQHOO ELWWH GDV
8QDQJHQHKPHQXUNHLQH9RUEHUHLWXQJHQ½
6WHKHQG ODV HU GLH =HLOHQ DXI GHP 3DSLHU LQGHP HU HLQH VHLQHU
KHOOHQ %UDXHQ HPSRU]RJ XQG ODQJVDP GLH ODQJH 6SLW]H VHLQHV
6FKQXUUEDUWHV GXUFK GLH )LQJHU ]RJ (V ZDU HLQ 7HOHJUDPP XQG
ODXWHWHª(UVFKUHFNWQLFKW.RPPHXPJHKHQGPLW(ULND$OOHVLVW]X
(QGH(XUHXQJOFNOLFKH$QWRQLH©
ª8PJHKHQG« XPJHKHQG© VDJWH HU JHUHL]W XQG VDK GLH .RQVXOLQ
PLWVFKQHOOHP.RSIVFKWWHOQDQª:DVKHL‰WXPJHKHQG«©


ª'DV LVW QXU VR HLQH 5HGHQVDUW7RP GDV KDW QLFKWV ]X EHGHXWHQ
6LHPHLQW¾6RJOHLFK½RGHUHWZDVbKQOLFKHV«©
ª8QG DXV %HUOLQ" :DV WXW VLH LQ %HUOLQ" :LH NRPPW VLH QDFK
%HUOLQ"©
ª,FKZHL‰HVQLFKW7RPLFKEHJUHLIHHVQRFKQLFKWGLH'HSHVFKH
LVWYRU]HKQ0LQXWHQJHNRPPHQ$EHUHVPX‰HWZDVJHVFKHKHQVHLQ
XQGZLUPVVHQDEZDUWHQZDVHVLVW*RWWZLUGJHEHQGD‰DOOHVVLFK
]XP*XWHQZHQGHW6HW]HGLFKPHLQ6RKQXQGL‰©
(UQDKP3ODW]XQGVFKHQNWH VLFK PHFKDQLVFK 3RUWHULQ GDV GLFNH
KRKH *ODV ª$OOHV LVW ]X (QGH© ZLHGHUKROWH HU ª8QG GDQQ
¾$QWRQLH½.LQGHUHLHQ«©
'DQQD‰XQGWUDQNHUVFKZHLJHQG
1DFK HLQHU :HLOH ZDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ ]X EHPHUNHQ ª6ROOWH HV
HWZDVPLW3HUPDQHGHUVHLQ7RP"©
(U]XFNWHQXUGLH$FKVHOQRKQHDXI]XVHKHQ
%HLP:HJJHKHQGHQ7UJULIILQGHU+DQG VDJWHHU ª-D 0XWWHU
ZLU PVVHQ VLH HUZDUWHQ 'D VLH GLU YHUPXWOLFK QLFKW VSlW LQ GHU
1DFKWLQV+DXVIDOOHQZLOOZLUGHVZRKOPRUJHQLP/DXIHGHV7DJHV
VHLQ'D‰PDQPLFKEHQDFKULFKWLJWELWWH«©
'LH .RQVXOLQ ZDUWHWH YRQ 6WXQGH ]X 6WXQGH 6LH UXKWH K|FKVW
XQJHQJHQG LQ GHU 1DFKW NOLQJHOWH QDFK ,GD -XQJPDQQ GLH MHW]W
QHEHQ LKU LP KLQWHUVWHQ =LPPHU GHV =ZLVFKHQJHVFKRVVHV VFKOLHI
OLH‰VLFK=XFNHUZDVVHUEHUHLWHQXQGVD‰VRJDUZlKUHQGOlQJHUHU=HLW
PLWHLQHU+DQGDUEHLWDXIUHFKWLP%HWW$XFKGHUQlFKVWH9RUPLWWDJ
YHUVWULFKLQlQJVWOLFKHU6SDQQXQJ%HLP]ZHLWHQ)UKVWFNHUNOlUWH
GHU.RQVXOGD‰7RQ\ZHQQVLHNlPHQXUGUHL8KUGUHLXQGGUHL‰LJ
0LQXWHQ QDFKPLWWDJV YRQ %XFKHQ HLQWUHIIHQ N|QQH 8P GLHVH =HLW
VD‰GLH.RQVXOLQLP/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHUDP)HQVWHUXQGYHUVXFKWH
LQHLQHP%XFKH]XOHVHQDXIGHVVHQVFKZDU]HP/HGHUGHFNHOHLQLQ
*ROGJHSUH‰WHU3DOP]ZHLJ]XVHKHQZDU
(V ZDU HLQ 7DJ ZLH JHVWHUQ .lOWH 'XQVW XQG :LQG KLQWHU GHP
EODQNHQ 6FKPLHGHHLVHQJLWWHU NQLVWHUWH GHU 2IHQ 'LH DOWH 'DPH
HUEHEWHXQGEOLFNWHKLQDXVVREDOG:DJHQUlGHUYHUQHKPEDUZXUGHQ
8QGGDQQXPYLHU8KUDOVVLHHEHQQLFKWDFKWJHJHEHQXQGEHLQDKH
LKUHU 7RFKWHU YHUJHVVHQ KDWWH HQWVWDQG HLQH %HZHJXQJ XQWHQ LP


+DXVH«6LHZDQGWHKDVWLJGHQ2EHUN|USHU]XP)HQVWHUVLHZLVFKWH
PLW GHP 6SLW]HQWXFK GHQ WURSIHQGHQ %HVFKODJ YRQ GHU 6FKHLEH LQ
GHU7DWHLQH'URVFKNHKLHOWGUXQWHQXQGVFKRQNDPPDQGLH7UHSSH
KHUDXI
6LH HUID‰WH PLW GHQ +lQGHQ GLH $UPOHKQHQ GHV 6WXKOHV XP
DXI]XVWHKHQ DEHU VLH EHVDQQ VLFK HLQHV %HVVHUHQ OLH‰ VLFK ZLHGHU
]XUFNVLQNHQ XQG GUHKWH QXU PLW EHLQDKH DEZHKUHQGHP $XVGUXFN
GHQ .RSI LKUHU 7RFKWHU HQWJHJHQ GLH ZlKUHQG (ULND *UQOLFK DQ
,GD-XQJPDQQV+DQGEHLGHU*ODVWUVWHKHQEOLHEPLWVFKQHOOHQXQG
IDVWVWU]HQGHQ6FKULWWHQGXUFKGDV=LPPHUNDP
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU WUXJ HLQHQ SHO]EHVHW]WHQ hEHUZXUI XQG HLQHQ
OlQJOLFKHQ)LO]KXWPLW6FKOHLHU6LHVDKVHKUEOHLFKXQGDQJHJULIIHQ
DXVLKUH$XJHQZDUHQJHU|WHWXQGLKUH2EHUOLSSHEHEWHZLHIUKHU
ZHQQ 7RQ\ DOV .LQG JHZHLQW KDWWH 6LH HUKRE GLH $UPH OLH‰ VLH
ZLHGHUVLQNHQXQGJOLWWDOVGDQQEHLLKUHU0XWWHUDXIGLH.QLHQLHGHU
LQGHPVLHGDV*HVLFKWLQGHQ.OHLGHUIDOWHQ GHU DOWHQ 'DPH YHUEDUJ
XQGELWWHUOLFKDXIVFKOXFK]WH'LHVDOOHVPDFKWHGHQ(LQGUXFNDOVVHL
VLH LQ GLHVHU :HLVH JHUDGHQ :HJHV YRQ 0QFKHQ LQ HLQHP $WHP
GDKHUJHVWUPWXQGGDODJVLHQXQDP=LHOHLKUHU)OXFKWHUVFK|SIW
XQG JHUHWWHW 'LH .RQVXOLQ VFKZLHJ HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN ª7RQ\©
VDJWH VLH GDQQ PLW ]lUWOLFKHP 9RUZXUI ]RJ YRUVLFKWLJ GLH JUR‰H
1DGHO KHUYRU GLH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHUV +XW DQ LKUHU )ULVXU EHIHVWLJWH
OHJWH GHQ +XW DXI GLH )HQVWHUEDQN XQG VWUHLFKHOWH OLHEHYROO XQG
EHUXKLJHQG PLW EHLGHQ +lQGHQ GDV VWDUNH DVFKEORQGH +DDU LKUHU
7RFKWHU«ª:DVLVWPHLQ.LQG«:DVLVWJHVFKHKHQ"©
$EHUPDQPX‰WHVLFKPLW*HGXOGZDSSQHQGHQQHVGDXHUWHQRFK
]LHPOLFK ODQJH ELV GLHVHU )UDJH HLQH $QWZRUW ]XWHLO ZXUGH
ª0XWWHU©EUDFKWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHUKHUYRU«ª0DPD©$OOHLQGDEHL
EOLHEHV
'LH .RQVXOLQ HUKRE GHQ .RSI QDFK GHU *ODVWU XQG ZlKUHQG VLH
PLWHLQHP$UPLKUH7RFKWHUXPILQJVWUHFNWHVLHGLHIUHLH+DQGLKUHU
(QNHOLQ HQWJHJHQ GLH GRUW HLQHQ =HLJHILQJHU DP 0XQGH YHUOHJHQ
VWDQGª.RPP.LQGNRPPKHUXQGVDJHJXWHQ7DJ 'X ELVW JUR‰
JHZRUGHQ XQG VLHKVW IULVFK XQG ZRKO DXV ZRIU ZLU *RWW GDQNHQ
ZROOHQ:LHDOWELVWGXQXQ(ULND"©
ª'UHL]HKQ*UR‰PDPD«©


ª'DXVHQG(LQH'DPH«©
8QG EHU 7RQ\¶V .RSI KLQZHJ N‰WH VLH GDV NOHLQH 0lGFKHQ
ZRUDXI VLH IRUWIXKU ª*HK QXQ PLW ,GD KLQDXI PHLQ .LQG ZLU
ZHUGHQEDOGHVVHQ$EHUMHW]WKDW0DPDPLWPLU]XUHGHQZHL‰WGX©
6LH EOLHEHQ DOOHLQ ª1XQ PHLQH OLHEH 7RQ\" :LOOVW GX QLFKW
DXIK|UHQ]XZHLQHQ":HQQ*RWWXQVHLQH3UIXQJVFKLFNWVRVROOHQ
ZLUVLHPLW)DVVXQJHUWUDJHQ1LPPGHLQ.UHX]DXIGLFKKHL‰WHV«
$EHU KDVW GX YLHOOHLFKW GHQ :XQVFK HEHQIDOOV HUVW KLQDXI]XJHKHQ
HLQ ZHQLJ ]X UXKHQ XQG GLFK ]X HUIULVFKHQ XQG GDQQ ]X PLU
KHUXQWHU]XNRPPHQ" 8QVHUH JXWH -XQJPDQQ KDW GHLQ =LPPHU
YRUEHUHLWHW« ,FK GDQNH GLU IU GHLQ 7HOHJUDPP (V KDW XQV UHFKW
VHKUHUVFKUHFNW«©6LHXQWHUEUDFKVLFKGHQQ/DXWHGUDQJHQEHEHQG
XQGJHGlPSIWDXVLKUHQ.OHLGHUIDOWHQKHUYRUª(ULVWHLQYHUZRUIHQHU
0HQVFK«HLQYHUZRUIHQHU0HQVFKLVWHU«HLQYHUZRUIHQHU«©
hEHU GLHVHV VWDUNH :RUW NDP )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU QLFKW KLQZHJ (V
VFKLHQVLHY|OOLJ]XEHKHUUVFKHQ6LHSUH‰WHLKU*HVLFKWGDEHLIHVWHU
LQGHQ6FKR‰GHU.RQVXOLQXQGPDFKWHQHEHQGHP6WXKOHVRJDUHLQH
)DXVW
ª6ROOWHVWGXHWZDGHLQHQ0DQQGDPLWPHLQHQPHLQ.LQG"©IUDJWH
GLH DOWH 'DPH QDFK HLQHU 3DXVH ª,FK VROOWH QLFKW DXI GLHVHQ
*HGDQNHQNRPPHQLFKZHL‰HVDEHUHVEOHLEWPLUQLFKWVDQGHUHV]X
GHQNHQ EULJ 7RQ\ +DW 3HUPDQHGHU GLU /HLG ]XJHIJW" +DVW GX
GLFKEHULKQ]XEHNODJHQ"©
ª%DEHWW«©VWLH‰)UDX3HUPDQHGHUKHUYRU«ª%lEHWW©
ª%DEHWWH"© ZLHGHUKROWH GLH .RQVXOLQ IUDJHQG   'DQQ OHKQWH VLH
VLFK ]XUFN XQG OLH‰ LKUH KHOOHQ $XJHQ GXUFKV )HQVWHU VFKZHLIHQ
6LH ZX‰WH QXQ XP ZDV HV VLFK KDQGHOWH (LQH 3DXVH WUDW HLQ GLH
GDQQ XQG ZDQQ YRQ 7RQ\¶V DOOPlKOLFK VHOWHQHU ZHUGHQGHP
6FKOXFK]HQ XQWHUEURFKHQ ZDUG ª7RQ\© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ QDFK
HLQHU:HLOHªLFKVHKHQXQGD‰GLULQGHU7DWHLQ.XPPHU]XJHIJW
ZRUGHQLVW«GD‰GLU*UXQG]XU.ODJHJHJHEHQZXUGH«$EHUZDUHV
Q|WLJ GLHVH .ODJH VR VWUPLVFK ]X lX‰HUQ" :DU GLHVH 5HLVH YRQ
0QFKHQ KLHUKHU QRWZHQGLJ ]XVDPPHQ PLW (ULND VR GD‰ HV IU
ZHQLJHU YHUVWlQGLJH /HXWH DOV LFK XQG GX EHLQDKH GHQ $QVFKHLQ
KDEHQ N|QQWH DOV ZROOWHVW GX QLHPDOV ]X GHLQHP 0DQQH
]XUFNNHKUHQ«"©


ª'DVZLOOLFKDXFKQLFKW«1LH«©ULHI)UDX3HUPDQHGHULQGHP
VLH PLW HLQHP 5XFN GHQ .RSI HUKRE LKUHU 0XWWHU DXV ZHLQHQGHQ
$XJHQJDQ]ZLOG LQV *HVLFKW EOLFNWH XQG GDQQ HEHQVR SO|W]OLFK LKU
$QWOLW]ZLHGHULQGHQ.OHLGHUIDOWHQYHUEDUJ
'LH .RQVXOLQ EHUK|UWH GLHVHQ $XVUXI ª« 1XQ DEHU© VHW]WH VLH
PLWHUK|KWHU6WLPPHHLQXQGZDQGWHODQJVDPLKUHQ.RSIYRQHLQHU
6HLWH ]XU DQGHUHQ« ªQXQ DEHU GD GX KLHU ELVWLVW HV JXW VR 'HQQ
QXQ ZLUVW GX GHLQ +HU] HUOHLFKWHUQ N|QQHQ XQG ZLUVW PLU DOOHV
HU]lKOHQXQGGDQQZROOHQZLUVHKHQZLHPLW/LHEH1DFKVLFKWXQG
%HGDFKWGHU6FKDGHQ]XNRUULJLHUHQLVW©
ª1LH© VDJWH 7RQ\ QRFK HLQPDO ª1LH© $EHU GDQQ HU]lKOWH VLH
XQGREJOHLFKPDQQLFKWMHGHV:RUWYHUVWDQGGHQQVLHVSUDFKLQGHQ
IDOWLJHQ7XFKURFNGHU.RQVXOLQKLQHLQXQGLKU%HULFKWZDUH[SORVLY
XQGYRQ$XVUXIHQGHUlX‰HUVWHQ(QWUVWXQJ]HUULVVHQVRZDUGGRFK
NODUGD‰JDQ]HLQIDFKIROJHQGHU6DFKYHUKDOWEHVWDQG
8P GLH 0LWWHUQDFKW ]ZLVFKHQ GHP YLHUXQG]ZDQ]LJVWHQ XQG
IQIXQG]ZDQ]LJVWHQ GHV ODXIHQGHQ 0RQDWHV ZDU 0DGDPH
3HUPDQHGHUGLHZlKUHQGGHV7DJHVDQ6W|UXQJHQGHU0DJHQQHUYHQ
JHOLWWHQ XQG VHKU VSlW 5XKH JHIXQGHQ KDWWH DXV HLQHP OHLFKWHQ
6FKOXPPHUJHZHFNWZRUGHQ(LQDQKDOWHQGHV*HUlXVFKGRUWYRUQDQ
GHU 7UHSSH ZDU VFKXOG GDUDQ JHZHVHQ HLQ VFKOHFKW XQWHUGUFNWHU
JHKHLPQLVYROOHU /lUP LQ GHP PDQ GDV .QDUUHQ GHU 6WXIHQ HLQ
KXVWHQGHV *HNLFKHU JHSUH‰WH :RUWH GHU $EZHKU XQG JDQ]
VRQGHUEDUHNQXUUHQGHXQGlFK]HQGH/DXWHXQWHUVFKLHG«1LFKWHLQHQ
$XJHQEOLFN NRQQWH PDQ EHU GDV :HVHQ GLHVHV *HUlXVFKHV LP
=ZHLIHO VHLQ )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU KDWWH QLFKW VREDOG PLW QRFK
VFKODIWUXQNHQHQ 6LQQHQ HWZDV GDYRQ DXIJHIDQJHQ DOV VLH HV DXFK
VFKRQEHJULIIHQDOVVLHDXFKVFKRQGDV%OXWKDWWHDXVLKUHQ:DQJHQ
ZHLFKHQ IKOHQ XQG ]XP +HU]HQ VWU|PHQ GDV VLFK
]XVDPPHQJH]RJHQ XQG PLW VFKZHUHQ EHNOHPPHQGHQ 6FKOlJHQ
IRUWJHDUEHLWHWKDWWH:lKUHQGHLQHUODQJHQJUDXVDPHQ0LQXWHKDWWH
VLHZLHEHWlXEWZLHJHOlKPW LQ GHQ.LVVHQ JHOHJHQGDQQDEHU DOV
GLHVHVVFKDPORVH*HUlXVFKQLFKWYHUVWXPPWHKDWWHVLHPLWEHEHQGHQ
+lQGHQ /LFKW JHPDFKW KDWWH YROO 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ *ULPP XQG
$EVFKHX GDV %HWW YHUODVVHQ KDWWH GLH 7U DXIJHULVVHQ XQG ZDU LQ
3DQWRIIHOQ GDV /LFKW LQ GHU +DQG QDFK YRUQ ELV LQ GLH 1lKH GHU
7UHSSH JHHLOW MHQHU VFKQXUJHUDGHQ ¾+LPPHOVOHLWHU½ GLH YRQ GHU


+DXVWU GLUHNW LQ GDV HUVWH 6WRFNZHUN KHUDXIIKUWH 8QG GRUW DXI
GHQREHUHQ6WXIHQHEHQGLHVHU+LPPHOVOHLWHUKDWWHVLFKLKUGDV%LOG
LQ YROOHU .|USHUOLFKNHLW GDUJHERWHQ GDV VLH GULQQHQ LP
6FKODI]LPPHUEHLP/DXVFKHQDXIGDVXQ]ZHLGHXWLJH*HUlXVFKPLW
$XJHQGLHGDV(QWVHW]HQHUZHLWHUWHVFKRQLP*HLVWHKDWWHHUEOLFNHQ
PVVHQ« (V ZDU HLQH %DOJHUHL JHZHVHQ HLQ XQHUODXEWHU XQG
XQVLWWOLFKHU 5LQJNDPSI ]ZLVFKHQ GHU .|FKLQ %DEHWWH XQG +HUUQ
3HUPDQHGHU 'DV 0lGFKHQ HLQ 6FKOVVHOEXQG XQG HEHQIDOOV HLQH
.HU]HLQGHU+DQGGHQQVLHPX‰WHVRVSlWQRFKLUJHQGZRLP+DXVH
EHVFKlIWLJWJHZHVHQVHLQKDWWHVLFKKLQXQGKHUJHZXQGHQXQGGHQ
+DXVKHUUQ DE]XZHKUHQ JHVWUHEW GHU VHLQHUVHLWV GHQ +XW DXI GHP
+LQWHUNRSIHVLHXPVFKOXQJHQJHKDOWHQXQGEHVWlQGLJYHUVXFKWKDWWH
VHLQHQ6HHKXQGVVFKQDX]EDUWLQLKU*HVLFKW]XGUFNHQZDVLKPKLH
XQGGDDXFKJHOXQJHQZDU«%HL$QWRQLHQV(UVFKHLQHQKDWWH%DEHWWH
HWZDV ZLH ª-HVVDV 0DULD XQG -RVHSK© KHUYRUJHVWR‰HQ ª-HVVDV
0DULD XQG -RVHSK© KDWWH +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU ZLHGHUKROW KDWWH VLH
IDKUHQODVVHQXQGZlKUHQGGDV0lGFKHQLPVHOEHQ$XJHQEOLFNDXI
JHVFKLFNWH :HLVH VSXUORV YHUVFKZXQGHQ JHZHVHQ ZDU KDWWH HU PLW
KlQJHQGHQ $UPHQ KlQJHQGHP .RSIH XQG KlQJHQGHP 6FKQDX]EDUW
YRU VHLQHU *DWWLQ JHVWDQGHQ XQG LUJHQG HWZDV DXVJHPDFKW
8QVLQQLJHVZLHª,VG|VD+HW]«(VLVKDOWD.UHL]©JHVWDPPHOW«
6LH ZDU QLFKW PHKU GDJHZHVHQ DOV HU GLH $XJHQ DXI]XVFKODJHQ
JHZDJWKDWWHGULQQHQLP6FKODI]LPPHUKDWWHHUVLHJHIXQGHQLQKDOE
VLW]HQGHU KDOE OLHJHQGHU +DOWXQJ DXI GHP %HWWH ZLH VLH XQWHU
YHU]ZHLIHOWHP 6FKOXFK]HQ LPPHU ZLHGHU GDV :RUW ª6FKDQGH©
ZLHGHUKROW KDWWH (U ZDU LQ VFKODIIHU +DOWXQJ DQ GLH 7U JHOHKQW
VWHKHQJHEOLHEHQ KDWWH HLQH UXFNDUWLJH 6FKXOWHUEHZHJXQJ QDFK YRUQ
JHPDFKW DOV HUWHLOWH HU LKU HLQHQ DXIPXQWHUQGHQ 5LSSHQVWR‰ XQG
KDWWHJHVDJWª6HLVWDG$JHKVHLVWDG7RQHUO6FKDXGHU5DPVDXHU
)UDQ]O KDW KDOW VHL 1DPHQVWDJ J¶IHLHUW KHLW DEHQG« :LU VDQ DOOH D
ZHQJ VFKZlU«© $EHU GHU VWDUN DONRKROLVFKH *HUXFK GHQ HU LP
=LPPHU YHUEUHLWHWH KDWWH LKUH ([DOWDWLRQ ]XP *LSIHO JHEUDFKW 6LH
KDWWH QLFKW PHKU JHVFKOXFK]W VLH ZDU QLFKW OlQJHU KLQIlOOLJ XQG
VFKZDFK JHZHVHQ LKU 7HPSHUDPHQW KDWWH VLH HPSRUJHULVVHQ XQG
PLW GHU 0D‰ORVLJNHLW GHU 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ KDWWH VLH LKP ODXW LKUHQ
JDQ]HQ(NHOLKUHQJDQ]HQ$EVFKHXLKUH IXQGDPHQWDOH 9HUDFKWXQJ
VHLQHV JDQ]HQ 6HLQV XQG :HVHQV LQV *HVLFKW JHVFKOHXGHUW« +HUU


3HUPDQHGHUZDUQLFKWVWLOOJHEOLHEHQ6HLQ.RSIZDUKHL‰JHZHVHQ
GHQQ HU KDWWH VHLQHP )UHXQGH 5DPVDXHU ]X (KUHQ QLFKW QXU YLHOH
ª0D‰© VRQGHUQ DXFK ª6FKDPSDQLQJHU© JHWUXQNHQ HU KDWWH
JHDQWZRUWHWZLOGJHDQWZRUWHWHLQ6WUHLWKDWWHVLFKHQWVSRQQHQZHLW
VFKUHFNOLFKHU DOV GHUMHQLJH EHL +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHUV 5FN]XJ LQ GHQ
5XKHVWDQG )UDX $QWRQLH KDWWH LKUH .OHLGHU ]XVDPPHQJHUDIIW XP
VLFKLQV:RKQ]LPPHU]XUFN]X]LHKHQ«'DDEHUZDU]XP6FKOXVVH
HLQ:RUWLKUQDFKJHNOXQJHQHLQ:RUWVHLQHUVHLWVHLQ:RUWGDVVLH
QLFKW ZLHGHUKROHQ ZUGH GDV EHU LKUH /LSSHQ QLHPDOV NRPPHQ
ZUGHHLQ:RUW«HLQ:RUW«
'LHV DOOHV ZDU GHU KDXSWVlFKOLFKVWH ,QKDOW GHU *HVWlQGQLVVH GLH
0DGDPH 3HUPDQHGHU LQ GLH .OHLGHUIDOWHQ LKUHU 0XWWHU KLQHLQ
YHUODXWHQOLH‰hEHUGDVª:RUW©DEHUGLHVHVª:RUW©GDVVLHLQMHQHU
IUFKWHUOLFKHQ1DFKWELVLQLKU,QQHUVWHVKLQHLQKDWWHHUVWDUUHQODVVHQ
NDP VLH QLFKW KLQZHJ VLH ZLHGHUKROWH HV QLFKW RK EHL *RWW VLH
ZLHGHUKROWHHV QLFKW EHWHXHUWH VLHREJOHLFK GLH .RQVXOLQ GXUFKDXV
QLFKW LQ VLH GUDQJ VRQGHUQ QXU NDXP PHUNOLFK ODQJVDP XQG
QDFKGHQNOLFK PLW GHP .RSIH QLFNWH ZlKUHQG VLH DXI 7RQ\¶V
VFK|QHVDVFKEORQGHV+DDUKHUQLHGHUVDK
ª-D MD© VDJWH VLH ªGD KDEH LFK WUDXULJH 'LQJH K|UHQ PVVHQ
7RQ\8QGLFKYHUVWHKHDOOHVJDQ]JXWPHLQHDUPHNOHLQH'LUQGHQQ
LFKELQQLFKWEOR‰GHLQH0DPDVRQGHUQDXFKHLQH)UDXZLHGX«,FK
VHKHQXQZLHVHKUEHUHFKWLJWGHLQ6FKPHU]LVWZLHY|OOLJGHLQ0DQQ
ZlKUHQGHLQHV$XJHQEOLFNHVGHU6FKZlFKHYHUJHVVHQKDWZDVHUGLU
VFKXOGHW«©
ª:lKUHQG HLQHV $XJHQEOLFNHV"© ULHI 7RQ\ 6LH VSUDQJ DXI 6LH
WUDW ]ZHL 6FKULWWH ]XUFN XQG WURFNQHWH ILHEHUKDIW LKUH $XJHQ
ª:lKUHQGHLQHV$XJHQEOLFNHV0DPD"«:DVHUPLUXQGXQVHUHP
1DPHQVFKXOGLJLVWGDVKDWHUYHUJHVVHQ«GDVKDWHUQLFKWJHZX‰W
YRQ$QIDQJDQ(LQ0DQQGHUVLFKPLWGHU0LWJLIWVHLQHU)UDXJDQ]
HLQIDFK]XU5XKHVHW]W(LQ0DQQRKQH(KUJHL]RKQH6WUHEHQRKQH
=LHOH(LQ0DQQGHUVWDWWGHV%OXWHVHLQHQGLFNIOVVLJHQ0DO]XQG
+RSIHQEUHL LQ GHQ $GHUQ KDW« MD GDYRQ ELQ LFK EHU]HXJW« GHU
VLFKGDQQQRFK]XVROFKHQ1LHGULJNHLWHQKHUEHLOl‰WZLHGLHVPLWGHU
%lEHWW XQG ZHQQ PDQ LKP VHLQH 1LFKWVZUGLJNHLW YRUKlOW PLW
HLQHP:RUWHDQWZRUWHW«HLQHP:RUWH«©


6LH ZDU ZLHGHU EHL GHP :RUWH DQJHODQJW GLHVHP :RUWH GDV VLH
QLFKW ZLHGHUKROWH 3O|W]OLFK DEHU WDW VLH HLQHQ 6FKULWW YRUZlUWV XQG
VDJWHPLWXQYHUPLWWHOWUXKLJHUXQGVDQIWLQWHUHVVLHUWHU6WLPPHª:LH
DOOHUOLHEVW:RKHULVWGDV0DPD"©
6LH ZLHV PLW GHP .LQQ DXI HLQHQ NOHLQHQ %HKlOWHU HLQHQ
URKUJHIORFKWHQHQ .RUE HLQHQ ]LHUOLFKHQ NOHLQHQ 6WlQGHU PLW
$WODVVFKOHLIHQ JHVFKPFNW LQ GHP GLH .RQVXOLQ VHLW HLQLJHU =HLW
LKUH +DQGDUEHLW ]X EHZDKUHQ SIOHJWH ª,FK KDEH LKQ PLU ]XJHOHJW©
DQWZRUWHWHGLHDOWH'DPHªLFKKDWWHLKQQ|WLJ©
ª9RUQHKP«© VDJWH 7RQ\ LQGHP VLH GDV *HVWHOO PLW VHLWZlUWV
JHQHLJWHP.RSIHEHWUDFKWHWH$XFKGLH.RQVXOLQOLH‰LKUH$XJHQDXI
GHP*HJHQVWDQGHUXKHQDEHURKQHLKQ]XVHKHQLQWLHIHQ*HGDQNHQ
ª1XQPHLQHOLHEH7RQ\©VDJWHVLHHQGOLFKLQGHPVLHLKUHU7RFKWHU
QRFKHLQPDOGLH+lQGHHQWJHJHQVWUHFNWHªZLHGLH'LQJHDXFKOLHJHQ
P|JHQ 'X ELVW GD XQG VR VHL PLU GHQQ DXIV KHU]OLFKVWH
ZLOONRPPHQ PHLQ .LQG 0LW UXKLJHUHP *HPWH ZLUG VLFK DOOHV
EHVSUHFKHQ ODVVHQ« /HJH DE LQ GHLQHP =LPPHU PDFK HV GLU
EHTXHP« ,GD"© ULHI VLH PLW HUKREHQHU 6WLPPH LQ GHQ (‰VDDO
KLQHLQª'D‰.XYHUWVDXIJHOHJWZHUGHQIU0DGDPH3HUPDQHGHUXQG
(ULND/LHEH©

=HKQWHV.DSLWHO

7RQ\ KDWWH VLFK JOHLFK QDFK 7LVFKH LQ LKU 6FKODI]LPPHU


]XUFNJH]RJHQ GHQQ ZlKUHQG GHV (VVHQV ZDU LKU GXUFK GLH
.RQVXOLQ GLH 9HUPXWXQJ EHVWlWLJW ZRUGHQ GD‰ 7KRPDV XP LKUH
$QNXQIW ZLVVH« XQG VLH VFKLHQ DXI GDV =XVDPPHQWUHIIHQ PLW LKP
QLFKWVRQGHUOLFKEHJLHULJ]XVHLQ
8PVHFKV8KUQDFKPLWWDJVNDPGHU.RQVXOKHUDXI(UEHJDEVLFK
LQV /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU ZRVHOEVW HU HLQH ODQJH 8QWHUUHGXQJ PLW
VHLQHU0XWWHUKDWWHª8QGZLHLVWVLH"©IUDJWHHUª:LHEHQLPPWVLH
VLFK"©


ª$FK7RPLFKIUFKWHVLHLVWXQYHUV|KQOLFK«0HLQ*RWWVLHLVW
VR VHKU JHUHL]W« 8QG GDQQ GLHVHV :RUW« ZHQQ LFK QXU GDV :RUW
Z‰WHGDVHUJHVDJWKDW«©
ª,FKJHKH]XLKU©
ª7X GDV 7RP $EHU NORSIH OHLVH GD‰ VLH QLFKW HUVFKULFNW XQG
EOHLEHUXKLJK|UVWGX",KUH1HUYHQVLQGLQ8QRUGQXQJ6LHKDWIDVW
QLFKWVJHJHVVHQ«(VLVWLKU0DJHQZHL‰WGX«6SULFKPLW5XKH]X
LKU©
5DVFK PLW JHZRKQKHLWVPl‰LJHU (LOH LPPHU HLQH 6WXIH
EHUVSULQJHQGVWLHJHUGLH7UHSSH]XU]ZHLWHQ(WDJHHPSRULQGHP
HU VLQQHQG DQ VHLQHP 6FKQXUUEDUW GUHKWH $EHU VFKRQ ZlKUHQG HU
SRFKWH KHOOWH VHLQ *HVLFKW VLFK DXI GHQQ HU ZDU HQWVFKORVVHQ GLH
$QJHOHJHQKHLWVRODQJHZLHQXUP|JOLFKPLW+XPRU]XEHKDQGHOQ
(U |IIQHWH DXI HLQ OHLGHQG NOLQJHQGHV ª+HUHLQ© XQG IDQG )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU YROOVWlQGLJ DQJHNOHLGHW DXI GHP %HWWH OLHJHQG GHVVHQ
9RUKlQJH ]XUFNJHVFKODJHQ ZDUHQ GDV 3OXPHDX KLQWHU GHP
5FNHQ HLQ )OlVFKFKHQ PLW 0DJHQWURSIHQ QHEHQ VLFK DXI GHP
1DFKWWLVFKFKHQ6LHZDQGWHVLFKHLQZHQLJVWW]WHGHQ.RSIDXIGLH
+DQG XQG VDK LKP PLW HLQHP VFK0|OOHQGHQ /lFKHOQ HQWJHJHQ (U
YHUEHXJWH VLFK VHKU WLHI LQGHP HU PLW DXVJHEUHLWHWHQ +lQGHQ HLQH
IHLHUOLFKH*HVWHEHVFKULHEª*QlGLJH)UDX«:DVYHUVFKDIIWXQVGLH
(KUHGLHVH+DXSWXQG5HVLGHQ]VWlGWHULQ«©
ª*LEPLUHLQHQ.X‰7RP©VDJWHVLHXQGULFKWHWHVLFKDXIXPLKP
LKUH :DQJH GDU]XELHWHQ XQG VLFK GDQQ ZLHGHU ]XUFNVLQNHQ ]X
ODVVHQ ª*XWHQ 7DJ PHLQ JXWHU -XQJH 'X ELVW JDQ] XQYHUlQGHUW
ZLHLFKVHKHVHLWHXUHQ0QFKHQHU7DJHQ©
ª1DGDUEHUNDQQVWGXKLHUEHLJHVFKORVVHQHQ5RXOHDXVZRKONHLQ
8UWHLO KDEHQ PHLQH 7HXUH 8QG MHGHQIDOOV KlWWHVW GX PLU GDV
.RPSOLPHQWQLFKWYRUGHU1DVHZHJQHKPHQGUIHQGHQQHVJHEKUW
QDWUOLFKGLU«©
(U KDWWH ZlKUHQG HU LKUH +DQG LQ GHU VHLQHQ KLHOW HLQHQ 6WXKO
KHUEHLJH]RJHQ XQG VLFK ]X LKU JHVHW]W ª:LH VFKRQ VR RIW
DXVJHVSURFKHQGXXQG.ORWKLOGH«©
ª3IXL7RP«:LHJHKWHV7KLOGD"©


ª*XWYHUVWHKWVLFK0DGDPH.UDXVHPLQ]VRUJWIUVLHXQGGD‰VLH
QLFKW KXQJHUW :DV DEHU QLFKW KLQGHUW GD‰ 7KLOGD KLHU GRQQHUVWDJV
JDQ] DXVQHKPHQG VFKOLQJW DOV ZlUH HV IU GLH QlFKVWH :RFKH LP
YRUDXV«©
6LHODFKWHVRKHU]OLFKZLHVHLWODQJHU=HLWQLFKWPHKUEUDFK GDQQ
DEHU PLW HLQHP 6HXI]HU DE XQG IUDJWH ª8QG ZDV PDFKHQ GLH
*HVFKlIWH"©
ª7MD«PDQVFKOlJWVLFKGXUFK0DQPX‰]XIULHGHQVHLQ©
ª2K*RWWVHL'DQNGD‰KLHUZHQLJVWHQVDOOHVVWHKWZLHHVVWHKHQ
VROO$FKLFKELQJDUQLFKWDXIJHOHJWYHUJQJW]XVFKZDW]HQ«©
ª6FKDGH'HQ+XPRUVROOPDQVLFKTXDQGPHPHEHZDKUHQ©
ª1HLQGDPLWLVWHVDXV7RP'XZHL‰WDOOHV"©
ª'X ZHL‰W DOOHV«© ZLHGHUKROWH HU OLH‰ LKUH +DQG IDKUHQ XQG
VHW]WH PLW HLQHP 5XFN VHLQHQ 6WXKO HLQ 6WFN UFNZlUWV ª+HLOLJHU
*RWW ZLH GDV NOLQJW ¾$OOHV½ :DV OLHJW DOOHV LQ GLHVHP ¾DOOHV½
EHJUDEHQ ¾,FK VHQNW¶ DXFK PHLQH /LHEH XQG PHLQHQ 6FKPHU]
KLQHLQ½ZLH"1HLQK|UHPDO«©
6LH VFKZLHJ 6LH VWUHLIWH LKQ PLW HLQHP WLHI HUVWDXQWHQ XQG WLHI
JHNUlQNWHQ %OLFN ª-D GLHV *HVLFKW KDEH LFK HUZDUWHW© VDJWH HU
ªGHQQRKQHGLHVHV*HVLFKWZlUHVWGXMDQLFKWKLHU$EHUHUODXEHPLU
PHLQHJXWH7RQ\GD‰LFKGLH6DFKHXPHEHQVRYLHO]XOHLFKWQHKPH
DOV GX VLH ]X VFKZHU QLPPVW XQG GX ZLUVW VHKHQ GD‰ ZLU XQV
YRUWHLOKDIWHUJlQ]HQ«©
ª=XVFKZHU7KRPDV]XVFKZHU«"©
ª-D +HUUJRWW VSLHOHQ ZLU GRFK QLFKW 7UDJ|GLH 5HGHQ ZLU HLQ
EL‰FKHQ EHVFKHLGHQ XQG QLFKW PLW ¾$OOHV LVW ]X (QGH½ XQG ¾(XUH
XQJOFNOLFKH$QWRQLH½9HUVWHKPLFKUHFKW7RQ\GXZHL‰WJXWGD‰
LFKGHU(UVWHELQGHUVLFKVRKHU]OLFKEHUGHLQ.RPPHQIUHXW,FK
KDEH VFKRQ ODQJH JHZQVFKW GX P|FKWHVW HLQPDO ]X %HVXFK
NRPPHQ RKQH GHLQHQ 0DQQ GD‰ ZLU ZLHGHU HLQPDO VR JDQ] HQ
IDPLOOHEHLHLQDQGHUVLW]HQN|QQWHQ$EHUGD‰GXMHW]WNRPPVWXQGVR
NRPPVW SDUGRQ GDV LVW HLQH 'XPPKHLW PHLQ .LQG« -D« OD‰
PLFK]X(QGHVSUHFKHQ3HUPDQHGHUKDWVLFKUHLFKOLFKPDQJHOKDIW
EHWUDJHQ GDV PX‰ ZDKU VHLQ XQG GDV ZHUGH DXFK LFK LKP ]X
YHUVWHKHQJHEHQVHLEHU]HXJW«©


ª:LHHUVLFKEHWUDJHQKDW7KRPDV©XQWHUEUDFKVLHLKQLQGHPVLH
VLFK DXIULFKWHWH XQG HLQH +DQG DXI LKUH %UXVW OHJWH ªGDV KDEH LFK
LKP VFKRQ ]X YHUVWHKHQ JHJHEHQ XQG QLFKW QXU ¾]X YHUVWHKHQ
JHJHEHQ½ZLOOLFKGLUVDJHQ:HLWHUH$XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJHQPLWGHP
0DQQH KDOWH LFK PHLQHP 7DNWJHIKOH QDFK IU YROONRPPHQ
XQDQJHEUDFKW©'DPLWOLH‰VLHVLFKZLHGHU]XUFNIDOOHQXQGEOLFNWH
VWUHQJXQGXQEHZHJW]XU'HFNHHPSRU
(U QHLJWH VLFK ZLH XQWHU GHP *HZLFKWH LKUHU :RUWH XQG GDEHL
EOLFNWH HU OlFKHOQG DXI VHLQH .QLH QLHGHU ª1D VR ZHUGH LFK LKP
GHQQ DOVR NHLQHQ JUREHQ %ULHI VFKUHLEHQ JDQ] ZLH GX EHILHKOVW
=XOHW]W LVW HV MD GHLQH $QJHOHJHQKHLW XQG HV JHQJW GXUFKDXV GD‰
GXVHOEVWLKPGHQ.RSI]XUHFKWVHW]HVWDOVVHLQH)UDXELVWGXEHUXIHQ
GD]X %HL /LFKWH EHVHKHQ VLQG LKP MD EULJHQV GLH PLOGHUQGHQ
8PVWlQGH QLFKW DE]XVSUHFKHQ (LQ )UHXQG KDW 1DPHQVWDJ JHIHLHUW
HU NRPPW LQ IHVWOLFKHU 6WLPPXQJ LQ HWZDV ]X JXWHU /DXQH QDFK
+DXVH XQG Ol‰W VLFK HLQHQ NOHLQHQ hEHUJULII HLQHQ NOHLQHQ
XQ]LHPOLFKHQ6HLWHQVSUXQJ]XVFKXOGHQNRPPHQ«©
ª7KRPDV© VDJWH VLH ªLFK YHUVWHKH GLFK QLFKW ,FK YHUVWHKH QLFKW
GHQ 7RQ LQ GHP GX UHGHVW 'X« (LQ 0DQQ YRQ GHLQHQ
*UXQGVlW]HQ«$EHUGXKDVWLKQQLFKWJHVHKHQ:LHHUVLHDQID‰WHLQ
VHLQHU%HWUXQNHQKHLWZLHHUDXVVDK«©
ª.RPLVFK JHQXJ ZLH LFK PLU GHQNHQ NDQQ $EHU GDV LVW HV MD
7RQ\ GX QLPPVW GLH 6DFKH QLFKW NRPLVFK JHQXJ XQG GDUDQ LVW
QDWUOLFK GHLQ 0DJHQ VFKXOG 'X KDVW GHLQHQ 0DQQ DXI HLQHU
6FKZlFKHHUWDSSWGXKDVWLKQHLQZHQLJOlFKHUOLFK JHVHKHQ« DEHU
GDVVROOWHGLFKQLFKWVRIUFKWHUOLFKHPS|UHQVRQGHUQGLFKHKHUHLQ
EL‰FKHQDPVLHUHQXQGLKQGLUPHQVFKOLFKQRFKQlKHUEULQJHQ«,FK
ZLOOGLUHLQHVVDJHQGXNRQQWHVWVHLQ%HWUDJHQQDWUOLFKQLFKWRKQH
ZHLWHUHVPLW/lFKHOQXQG6WLOOVFKZHLJHQELOOLJHQEHZDKUH'X ELVW
DEJHUHLVW GDV ZDU HLQH 'HPRQVWUDWLRQ HWZDV OHEKDIW YLHOOHLFKW
YLHOOHLFKW HLQH ]X VWUHQJH 6WUDIH  GHQQ ZLH EHWUEW HU LQ GLHVHP
$XJHQEOLFN GDVLW]W GDV P|FKWH LFK QLFKW VHKHQ ± DEHU LPPHUKLQ
JHUHFKW 0HLQH %LWWH JHKW QXU GDKLQ GX P|FKWHVW GLH 'LQJH HWZDV
ZHQLJHUHQWUVWHWXQGHLQZHQLJPHKUYRPSROLWLVFKHQ6WDQGSXQNWH
DXV EHWUDFKWHQ« ZLU UHGHQ MD XQWHU XQV ,FK PX‰ GLU HLQPDO
DQGHXWHQGD‰HVGRFKLQHLQHU(KHNHLQHVZHJVJOHLFKJOWLJLVWDXI
ZHOFKHU6HLWHVLFKGDV«PRUDOLVFKHhEHUJHZLFKWEHILQGHW«YHUVWHK


PLFK 7RQ\ 'HLQ 0DQQ KDW VLFK HLQH %O|‰H JHJHEHQ GDUEHU
EHVWHKW NHLQ =ZHLIHO (U KDW VLFK NRPSURPLWWLHUW VLFK HLQ EL‰FKHQ
OlFKHUOLFK JHPDFKW« OlFKHUOLFK JHUDGH GDUXP ZHLO VHLQ 9HUJHKHQ
VRKDUPORVVRZHQLJHUQVWKDIW]XQHKPHQLVW«.XU]VHLQH:UGH
LVW QLFKW PHKU XQDQWDVWEDU HLQH JHZLVVH hEHUOHJHQKHLW LVW MHW]W
HQWVFKLHGHQ DXI GHLQHU 6HLWH XQG JHVHW]W GD‰ GX VLH JHVFKLFNW ]X
QXW]HQYHUVWHKVWVRLVWGHLQ*OFNJHZL‰:HQQGXQXQLQ«VDJHQ
ZLUYLHU]HKQ7DJHQMDELWWHVRODQJHPX‰LFKGLFKPLQGHVWHQVIU
XQV LQ $QVSUXFK QHKPHQ  LQ YLHU]HKQ 7DJHQ QDFK 0QFKHQ
]XUFNNHKUVWVRZLUVWGXVHKHQ«©
ª,FKZHUGHQLFKWQDFK0QFKHQ]XUFNNHKUHQ7KRPDV©
ª:LHEHOLHEW"©IUDJWHHULQGHPHUVHLQ*HVLFKWYHU]RJHLQH+DQG
DQV2KUOHJWHXQGVLFKYRUZlUWVEHXJWH«
6LH ODJ DXI GHP 5FNHQ GHQ +LQWHUNRSI IHVW LQ GLH .LVVHQ
JHGUFNWVRGD‰GDV.LQQPLWHLQHUJHZLVVHQ6WUHQJHYRUJHVFKREHQ
VFKLHQ ª1LHPDOV© VDJWH VLH ZRUDXI VLH ODQJ XQG JHUlXVFKYROO
DXVDWPHWH XQG VLFK UlXVSHUWH ODQJVDP XQG DXVGUFNOLFK  HLQ
WURFNHQHV5lXVSHUQGDVDQILQJEHLLKU]XUQHUY|VHQ*HZRKQKHLW]X
ZHUGHQXQGZDKUVFKHLQOLFKPLWLKUHP0DJHQOHLGHQ]XVDPPHQKLQJ
(LQH3DXVHWUDWHLQ
ª7RQ\©VDJWHHUSO|W]OLFKLQGHPHUDXIVWDQGXQGVHLQH+DQGIHVW
DXIGLH/HKQHGHV(PSLUHVWXKOHVQLHGHUVLQNHQOLH‰ªGXPDFKVWPLU
NHLQHQ6NDQGDO«©
(LQ 6HLWHQEOLFN EHOHKUWH VLH GD‰ HU EOHLFK ZDU XQG GD‰ GLH
0XVNHOQ DQ VHLQHQ 6FKOlIHQ DUEHLWHWHQ ,KUH /DJH ZDU QLFKW OlQJHU
KDOWEDU $XFK VLH JHULHW LQ %HZHJXQJ XQG XP GLH )XUFKW ]X
YHUEHUJHQ GLH VLH YRU LKP HPSIDQG ZDUG VLH ODXW XQG ]RUQLJ 6LH
VFKQHOOWH HPSRU VLH OLH‰ GLH )‰H YRP %HWWH KLQXQWHUJOHLWHQ XQG
PLW KLW]LJHQ :DQJHQ ]XVDPPHQJH]RJHQHQ %UDXHQ XQG UDVFKHQ
.RSIXQG+DQGEHZHJXQJHQILQJVLHDQª6NDQGDO7KRPDV«"'X
PDJVWPLUEHIHKOHQNHLQHQ6NDQGDO]XPDFKHQZHQQPDQPLFKPLW
6FKDQGHEHGHFNWPLUJDQ]HLQIDFKLQV*HVLFKWVSHLW",VWGDVHLQHV
%UXGHUVZUGLJ"«-DGLHVH)UDJHPX‰WGXPLUJHIlOOLJVWHUODXEHQ
5FNVLFKW XQG 7DNW VLQG JXWH 6DFKHQ EHZDKUH $EHU HV JLEW HLQH
*UHQ]HLP/HEHQ7RPXQGLFKNHQQHGDV/HEHQVRJXWZLHGX
ZRGLH$QJVWYRUGHP6NDQGDOHDQIlQJW)HLJKHLW]XKHL‰HQMD8QG


LFKZXQGHUHPLFKGD‰LFKGLUGDVVDJHQPX‰GLHLFKEOR‰HLQH*DQV
XQG HLQ GXPPHV 'LQJ ELQ« -D GDV ELQ LFK XQG YHUVWHKH HV JXW
ZHQQ 3HUPDQHGHU PLFK QLH JHOLHEW KDW GHQQ LFK ELQ DOW XQG HLQ
Kl‰OLFKHV :HLE GDV PDJ VHLQ XQG %lEHWW LVW VLFKHUOLFK KEVFKHU
$EHUGDVHQWKRELKQQLFKWGHU5FNVLFKWGLHHUPHLQHU+HUNXQIWXQG
PHLQHU(U]LHKXQJXQGPHLQHP(PSILQGHQVFKXOGHWH'XKDVWQLFKW
JHVHKHQ7RPLQZHOFKHU:HLVHHUGLHVH5FNVLFKWYHUJD‰XQGZHU
HVQLFKWJHVHKHQKDWGHUZHL‰JDUQLFKWVGHQQHU]lKOHQOl‰WHVVLFK
QLFKW ZLH ZLGHUOLFKHU ZDU LQ VHLQHP =XVWDQGH« 8QG GX KDVW GDV
:RUW QLFKW JHK|UW GDV HU PLU PLU GHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU QDFKJHUXIHQ
KDW DOV LFK PHLQH 6DFKHQ QDKP XQG GDV =LPPHU YHUOLH‰ XP LP
:RKQ]LPPHUDXIGHP6RID]XVFKODIHQ«-DGDKDEHLFKKLQWHUPLU
DXV VHLQHP 0XQGH HLQ :RUW DQK|UHQ PVVHQ« HLQ :RUW« HLQ
:RUW«.XU]7KRPDVGLHV:RUWZDUHVJDQ]HLJHQWOLFKGD‰GXHV
ZHL‰W ZDV PLFK YHUDQOD‰W JH]ZXQJHQ KDW ZlKUHQG GHU JDQ]HQ
1DFKW ]X SDFNHQ XQG LQ DOOHU )UKH (ULND ]X ZHFNHQ XQG
GDYRQ]XJHKHQ GHQQ EHL HLQHP 0DQQH LQ GHVVHQ 1lKH LFK VROFKHU
:RUWH JHZlUWLJ VHLQ PX‰ NRQQWH LFK QLFKW EOHLEHQ XQG ]X HLQHP
VROFKHQ0DQQHZHUGHLFKZLHJHVDJWQLHPDOV]XUFNNHKUHQ«RGHU
LFKP‰WHYHUNRPPHQXQGN|QQWHPLFKQLFKWPHKUDFKWHQXQGKlWWH
NHLQHQ+DOWPHKULP/HEHQ©
ª:LOOVW GX QXQ GLH *WH KDEHQ PLU GLHVHV JRWWYHUGDPPWH :RUW
PLW]XWHLOHQMDRGHUQHLQ"©
ª1LHPDOV 7KRPDV 1LHPDOV ZHUGH LFK HV PLW PHLQHQ /LSSHQ
ZLHGHUKROHQ ,FK ZHL‰ ZDV LFK PLU XQG GLU LQ GLHVHQ 5lXPHQ
VFKXOGLJELQ«©
ª'DQQLVWQLFKWPLWGLU]XUHGHQ©
ª'DV PDJ VHLQ XQG LFK ZROOWH ZLU UHGHWHQ DXFK JDU QLFKW PHKU
GDUEHU«©
ª:DVZLOOVWGXWXQ":LOOVWGXGLFKVFKHLGHQODVVHQ"©
ª'DV ZLOO LFK 7RP 'DV LVW PHLQ IHVWHU (QWVFKOX‰ 'DV LVW GLH
+DQGOXQJVZHLVH GLH LFK PLU VHOEVW XQG PHLQHP .LQGH XQG HXFK
DOOHQVFKXOGLJELQ©
ª1D GDV LVW DOVR 8QVLQQ© VDJWH HU JHODVVHQ GUHKWH VLFK DXI GHP
$EVlW]HXPXQGJLQJYRQLKUIRUWDOVREGDPLWEHUKDXSWGDV*DQ]H
HUOHGLJW VHL ª=XP 6FKHLGHQODVVHQ JHK|UHQ ]ZHL PHLQ .LQG XQG


GD‰ 3HUPDQHGHU VLFK VR RKQH ZHLWHUHV PLW 9HUJQJHQ GD]X EHUHLW
ILQGHQZLUGGHU*HGDQNHLVWGRFKZRKOEOR‰EHOXVWLJHQG«©
ª2KGDVOD‰PHLQH6RUJHVHLQ©VDJWHVLHRKQHVLFKHLQVFKFKWHUQ
]X ODVVHQ ª'X PHLQVW GD‰ HU VLFK ZLGHUVHW]HQ ZLUG XQG ]ZDU
ZHJHQPHLQHUVLHE]HKQWDXVHQG7DOHU.XUDQWDEHU*UQOLFKKDWDXFK
QLFKWJHZROOWXQGPDQKDWLKQJH]ZXQJHQGDJLEWHV0LWWHOXQGLFK
JHKH]X'RNWRU*LHVHNHGDVLVW&KULVWLDQV)UHXQGXQGGHUZLUGPLU
EHLVWHKHQ«*HZL‰HVZDUHWZDVDQGHUHVGDPDOVLFKZHL‰ZDVGX
VDJHQZLOOVW'DPDOVZDUHV¾8QIlKLJNHLWGHV0DQQHVVHLQH)DPLOLH
]X HUQlKUHQ½ MD 'X VLHKVW EULJHQV GD‰ LFK VHKU ZRKO %HVFKHLG
ZHL‰LQGLHVHQ'LQJHQZlKUHQGGXZDKUKDIWLJWXVWDOVZlUHHVGDV
HUVWHPDOLP/HEHQGD‰LFKPLFKVFKHLGHQODVVH«$EHUGDVLVWJDQ]
JOHLFK7RP9LHOOHLFKWJHKWHVQLFKWDQXQGLVWXQP|JOLFKGDVPDJ
VHLQGXNDQQVWJHUQUHFKWKDEHQ$EHUGDVlQGHUWQLFKWV'DVlQGHUW
QLFKWVDQPHLQHQ(QWVFKOVVHQ'DQQPDJHUGLH*URVFKHQEHKDOWHQ
HVJLEWK|KHUH'LQJHLP/HEHQ$EHUPLFKVLHKWHUQLHPDOVZLHGHU©
8QG GDUDXI UlXVSHUWH VLH VLFK 6LH KDWWH GDV %HWW YHUODVVHQ KDWWH
VLFK LQ GHP $UPVHVVHO QLHGHUJHODVVHQ HLQHQ (OOHQERJHQ DXI GLH
6HLWHQOHKQHJHVWHPPWXQGGDV.LQQVR IHVW LQ GLH +DQG YHUJUDEHQ
GD‰YLHUJHNUPPWH)LQJHUGLH 8QWHUOLSSH JHSDFNW KLHOWHQ 6R GHQ
2EHUN|USHUVHLWZlUWVJHZDQGWEOLFNWHVLHPLWHUUHJWHQXQGJHU|WHWHQ
$XJHQVWDUUGXUFKV)HQVWHUKLQDXV
'HU.RQVXOVFKULWWLP=LPPHUDXIXQG DE VHXI]WH VFKWWHOWH GHQ
.RSI XQG ]XFNWH GLH $FKVHOQ 6FKOLH‰OLFK EOLHE HU PLW JHUXQJHQHQ
+lQGHQ YRU LKU VWHKHQ ª'X ELVWMD HLQ.LQGVNRSI7RQ\© VDJWH HU
YHU]DJW XQG IOHKHQG ª-HGHV :RUW GDV GX VSULFKVW LVW MD HLQH
.LQGHUHL :LOOVW GX GLFK QXQ QLFKW ZHQQ LFK GLFK ELWWH GD]X
EHTXHPHQGLH'LQJHZlKUHQGHLQHVHLQ]LJHQ$XJHQEOLFNHVZLHHLQ
(UZDFKVHQHU DQ]XVHKHQ" 0HUNVW GX GHQQ QLFKW GD‰ GX GLFK
EHQLPPVWDOVKlWWHVWGXHWZDV(UQVWHVXQG6FKZHUHVHUOHEWDOVKlWWH
GHLQ0DQQGLFKJUDXVDPEHWURJHQGLFKYRUDOOHU:HOWPLW6FKPDFK
EHUKlXIW"$EHUVREHGHQNHGRFKQXUGD‰MDQLFKWVJHVFKHKHQLVW
'D‰ YRQ GLHVHP DOEHUQHQ 9RUNRPPQLV DXI HXUHU +LPPHOVOHLWHU LQ
GHU.DXILQJHU6WUD‰HMDNHLQHV0HQVFKHQ6HHOHHWZDVZHL‰'D‰GX
GHLQHUXQGXQVHUHU:UGHGXUFKDXVNHLQHQ$EEUXFKWXVWZHQQGXLQ
DOOHU 5XKH XQG K|FKVWHQV PLW HLQHU HWZDV PRNDQWHQ 0LHQH ]X
3HUPDQHGHU ]XUFNNHKUVW« LP *HJHQWHLO GD‰ GX XQVHUHU :UGH


HUVWVFKDGHVWLQGHPGXGDVQLFKWWXVWGHQQHUVWGDGXUFKPDFKVWGX
HWZDVDXVGLHVHU%DJDWHOOHHUVWGDGXUFKHUUHJVWGX6NDQGDO«©
6LHOLH‰UDVFKLKU.LQQORVXQGVDKLKPLQV*HVLFKWª-HW]WVHLVWLOO
7KRPDV-HW]WELQLFKDQGHU5HLKH-HW]WK|UH]X:LH"LVWQXUGDV
6FKDQGHXQG6NDQGDOLP/HEHQZDVODXWZLUGXQGXQWHUGLH/HXWH
NRPPW" $FK QHLQ 'HUKHLPOLFKH 6NDQGDO GHU LP VWLOOHQ DQ HLQHP
]HKUW XQG GLH 6HOEVWDFKWXQJ ZHJIUL‰W GHU LVW YLHO VFKOLPPHU 6LQG
ZLU%XGGHQEURRNV/HXWHGLHQDFKDX‰HQKLQ¾WLSSWRSS½VHLQZROOHQ
ZLH LKU KLHU LPPHU VDJW XQG ]ZLVFKHQ XQVHUHQ YLHU :lQGHQ GDIU
'HPWLJXQJHQ KLQXQWHUZUJHQ"7RP LFK PX‰ PLFK ZXQGHUQ EHU
GLFK 6WHOOH GLU 9DWHU YRU ZLH HU VLFK KHXWH YHUKDOWHQ ZUGH XQG
GDQQ XUWHLOH LQ VHLQHP 6LQQH 1HLQ 6DXEHUNHLW XQG 2IIHQKHLW PX‰
KHUUVFKHQ« 'X NDQQVW WlJOLFK DOOHU :HOW GHLQH %FKHU ]HLJHQ XQG
VDJHQ'D«$QGHUVGDUIHVPLWNHLQHPYRQXQVVHLQ,FKZHL‰ZLH
*RWW PLFK JHPDFKW KDW ,FK IUFKWH PLFK JDU QLFKW /D‰ -XOFKHQ
0|OOHQGRUSIQXUDQPLUYRUEHUJHKHQXQGPLFKQLFKWJU‰HQ8QG
OD‰ 3ILIIL %XGGHQEURRN QXU GRQQHUVWDJV KLHU VLW]HQ XQG VLFK YRU
6FKDGHQIUHXGHVFKWWHOQXQGVDJHQ¾1XQGDVLVWMDOHLGHUVFKRQGDV
]ZHLWHPDO DEHU HV KDW QDWUOLFK EHLGH 0DOH DQ GHQ 0lQQHUQ
JHOHJHQ½ ,FKELQVRXQVlJOLFKHUKDEHQGDUEHU7KRPDV ,FKZHL‰
GD‰LFKJHWDQKDEHZDVLFKIUJXWKLHOW$EHUDXV$QJVWYRU-XOFKHQ
0|OOHQGRUSI XQG 3ILIIL %XGGHQEURRN %HOHLGLJXQJHQ
KLQXQWHU]XVFKOXFNHQ XQG PLFK LQ HLQHP XQJHELOGHWHQ %LHUGLDOHNW
EHVFKLPSIHQ]XODVVHQ«DXV$QJVWYRULKQHQEHLHLQHP0DQQHLQ
HLQHU 6WDGW DXV]XKDOWHQ ZR LFK PLFK DQ VROFKH :RUWH DQ VROFKH
6]HQHQ ZLH GLH DXI GHU +LPPHOVOHLWHU JHZ|KQHQ P‰WH ZR LFK
PLFK XQG PHLQH +HUNXQIW XQG PHLQH (U]LHKXQJ XQG DOOHV LQ PLU
JDQ] XQG JDU YHUOHXJQHQ OHUQHQ P‰WH QXU XP JOFNOLFK XQG
]XIULHGHQ ]X HUVFKHLQHQ  GDV QHQQH LFK XQZUGLJ GDV QHQQH LFK
VNDQGDO|VZLOOLFKGLUVDJHQ«©
6LHEUDFKDEZDUIGDV.LQQZLHGHULQGLH+DQGXQGVWDUUWHHUUHJW
DXIGLH)HQVWHUVFKHLEHQ(UVWDQGYRULKUDXIHLQ%HLQJHVWW]WGLH
+lQGH LQ GHQ +RVHQWDVFKHQ XQG OLH‰ VHLQH $XJHQ DXI LKU UXKHQ
RKQHVLH]XVHKHQLQ*HGDQNHQXQGLQGHPHUODQJVDPGHQ.RSIKLQ
XQGKHUEHZHJWHª7RQ\©VDJWHHUªGXPDFKVWPLUQLFKWVZHLV,FK
KDEHHVVFKRQYRUKHUJHZX‰WDEHULQGHLQHQOHW]WHQ:RUWHQKDVWGX
GLFKYHUUDWHQ(VLVWJDUQLFKWGHU0DQQ(VLVWGLH6WDGW(VLVWJDU


QLFKW GLHVH $OEHUQKHLW DXI GHU +LPPHOVOHLWHU (V LVW GDV *DQ]H
EHUKDXSW 'X KDVW GLFK QLFKW DNNOLPDWLVLHUHQ N|QQHQ 6HL
DXIULFKWLJ©
ª'DKDVWGXUHFKW7KRPDV©ULHIVLH6LHVSUDQJVRJDUHPSRUGDEHL
XQGZLHVLKPPLWDXVJHVWUHFNWHU+DQGJHUDGHLQV*HVLFKWKLQHLQ,KU
*HVLFKWZDUURW6LHEOLHELQHLQHUNULHJHULVFKHQ+DOWXQJVWHKHQPLW
GHU HLQHQ +DQG GHQ 6WXKO HUID‰W JHVWLNXOLHUWH PLW GHU DQGHUHQ XQG
KLHOW HLQH 5HGH HLQH OHLGHQVFKDIWOLFK EHZHJWH 5HGH GLH
XQDXIKDOWVDP KHUYRUVSUXGHOWH 'HU .RQVXO EHWUDFKWHWH VLH WLHI
HUVWDXQW .DXP GD‰ VLH VLFK =HLW OLH‰ $WHP ]X VFK|SIHQ VR
EUDXVWHQXQGEURGHOWHQVFKRQZLHGHUQHXH:RUWHKHUYRU-DVLHIDQG
:RUWH VLH GUFNWH DOOHV DXV ZDV VLFK ZlKUHQG GLHVHU -DKUH DQ
:LGHUZLOOHQ LQ LKU JHVDPPHOW KDWWH HLQ EL‰FKHQ XQJHRUGQHW XQG
YHUZRUUHQ DEHU VLH GUFNWH HV DXV (V ZDU HLQH ([SORVLRQ HLQ
$XVEUXFK YROO YHU]ZHLIHOWHU (KUOLFKNHLW« +LHU HQWOXG VLFK HWZDV
JHJHQGDVHVNHLQH:LGHUUHGHJDEHWZDV(OHPHQWDUHVZRUEHUQLFKW
PHKU]XVWUHLWHQZDUǻ'DKDVWGXUHFKW7KRPDV'DVVDJHGXQXU
QRFK HLQPDO +D LFK EHPHUNH GLU DXVGUFNOLFK GD‰ LFK NHLQ
GXPPHV 'LQJ PHKU ELQ XQG ZHL‰ ZDV LFK YRP /HEHQ ]X KDOWHQ
KDEH,FKHUVWDUUHQLFKWPHKUZHQQLFKHUIDKUHGD‰HVQLFKWLPPHU
JDQ]VlXEHUOLFK]XJHKWGDULQ,FKKDEH/HXWHZLH7UlQHQ7ULHVFKNH
JHNDQQWXQGELQPLW*UQOLFKYHUKHLUDWHWJHZHVHQXQGNHQQHXQVHUH
6XLWLHUV KLHU LQ GHU 6WDGW ,FK ELQ NHLQH 8QVFKXOG YRP /DQGH ZLOO
LFKGLUVDJHQXQGGLH6DFKHPLW%lEHWWDQXQGIUVLFKXQGDXVGHP
=XVDPPHQKDQJJHQRPPHQKlWWHPLFKQLFKWDXIXQGGDYRQJHMDJW
GDVJODXEHPLU6RQGHUQGLH6DFKHLVWGLH7KRPDVGD‰HVGDV0D‰
YROO JHPDFKW KDW« XQG GD]X JHK|UWH QLFKW YLHO GHQQ HV ZDU
HLJHQWOLFK VFKRQ YROO« VFKRQ ODQJH YROO« VFKRQ ODQJH YROO (LQ
1LFKWV KlWWH HV EHUIOLH‰HQ ODVVHQ XQG QXQ JDU GLHV 1XQ JDU GLH
(UNHQQWQLV GD‰ LFK PLFK QLFKW HLQPDO LQ GLHVHP 3XQNWH DXI
3HUPDQHGHU YHUODVVHQ NRQQWH 'DV KDW DOOHP GLH .URQH DXIJHVHW]W
'DV KDW GHP )D‰ GHQ %RGHQ DXVJHVFKODJHQ 'DV KDW PHLQHQ
(QWVFKOX‰ YRQ 0QFKHQ DXI XQG GDYRQ ]X JHKHQ PLW HLQHP
6FKODJH ]XU 5HLIH JHEUDFKW XQG GHU ZDU ODQJH ODQJH LP 5HLIHQ
EHJULIIHQ JHZHVHQ7RP GHQQ LFK NDQQ GRUW XQWHQQLFKWOHEHQ EHL
*RWW XQG VHLQHQ KHLOLJHQ +HHUVFKDUHQ LFK NDQQ HV QLFKW :LH
XQJOFNOLFKLFKJHZHVHQELQGXZHL‰WHVQLFKW7KRPDVGHQQDXFK


DOVGX]X %HVXFK NDPVW KDEH LFK QLFKWV PHUNHQ ODVVHQ QHLQGHQQ
LFKELQHLQH)UDXYRQ7DNWGLHDQGHUHQLFKWPLW.ODJHQEHOlVWLJWXQG
LKU+HU]QLFKWDQMHGHP:RFKHQWDJHDXIGHU=XQJHWUlJWXQGKDEH
LPPHU ]XU 9HUVFKORVVHQKHLW JHQHLJW $EHU LFK KDEH JHOLWWHQ 7RP
JHOLWWHQPLWDOOHPZDVLQPLULVWXQGVR]XVDJHQPLWPHLQHUJDQ]HQ
3HUV|QOLFKNHLW :LH HLQH 3IODQ]H XP PLFK GLHVHV %LOGHV ]X
EHGLHQHQ ZLH HLQH %OXPH GLH LQ IUHPGHV (UGUHLFK YHUSIODQ]W
ZRUGHQ«REJOHLFKGXGHQ9HUJOHLFKZRKOXQSDVVHQGILQGHVWGHQQ
LFKELQHLQKl‰OLFKHV:HLE«DEHULQIUHPGHUHV(UGUHLFKNRQQWHLFK
QLFKW NRPPHQ XQG OLHEHU JLQJH LFK LQ GLH 7UNHL 2K ZLU VROOWHQ
QLHPDOV IRUWJHKHQ ZLU KLHU REHQ :LU VROOWHQ DQ XQVHUHU 6HHEXFKW
EOHLEHQXQGXQVUHGOLFKQlKUHQ«,KUKDEWHXFK]XZHLOHQEHUPHLQH
9RUOLHEHIUGHQ$GHOPRNLHUW«MDLFKKDEHLQGLHVHQ-DKUHQRIWDQ
HLQLJH :RUWH JHGDFKW GLH PLU YRU OlQJHUHU =HLW HLQPDO MHPDQG
JHVDJW KDW HLQ JHVFKHLWHU 0HQVFK ¾6LH KDEHQ 6\PSDWKLH IU GLH
$GOLJHQ«½VDJWHHU¾VROOLFK,KQHQVDJHQZDUXP":HLO6LHVHOEVW
HLQH $GOLJH VLQG ,KU 9DWHU LVW HLQ JUR‰HU +HUU XQG 6LH VLQG HLQH
3ULQ]H‰ (LQ $EJUXQGWUHQQW 6LH YRQ XQV DQGHUHQ GLH ZLU QLFKW ]X
,KUHP .UHLVH YRQ KHUUVFKHQGHQ )DPLOLHQ JHK|UHQ«½ -D 7RP ZLU
IKOHQ XQV DOV $GHO XQG IKOHQ HLQHQ $EVWDQG XQG ZLU VROOWHQ
QLUJHQGV]XOHEHQYHUVXFKHQZRPDQQLFKWVYRQXQVZHL‰XQGXQV
QLFKW HLQ]XVFKlW]HQ YHUVWHKW GHQQ ZLU ZHUGHQ QLFKWV DOV
'HPWLJXQJHQ GDYRQ KDEHQ XQG PDQ ZLUG XQV OlFKHUOLFK
KRFKPWLJ ILQGHQ -D  DOOH KDEHQ PLFK OlFKHUOLFK KRFKPWLJ
JHIXQGHQ0DQKDWHVPLUQLFKWJHVDJWDEHUJHIKOWKDEHLFKHV ]X
MHGHU 6WXQGH XQG DXFK GDUXQWHU KDEH LFK JHOLWWHQ +D ,Q HLQHP
/DQGH ZR PDQ 7RUWH PLW GHP 0HVVHU L‰W XQG ZR GLH 3ULQ]HQ
IDOVFKHV'HXWVFKUHGHQXQGZRHVDOVHLQHYHUOLHEWH+DQGOXQJVZHLVH
DXIIlOOW ZHQQ HLQ +HUU HLQHU 'DPH GHQ )lFKHU DXIKHEW LQ HLQHP
VROFKHQ /DQGH LVW HV OHLFKW KRFKPWLJ ]X VFKHLQHQ 7RP
$NNOLPDWLVLHUHQ" 1HLQ EHL /HXWHQ RKQH :UGH 0RUDO (KUJHL]
9RUQHKPKHLW XQG 6WUHQJH EHL XQVRLJQLHUWHQ XQK|IOLFKHQ XQG
VDORSSHQ /HXWHQ EHL /HXWHQ GLH ]X JOHLFKHU =HLW WUlJH XQG
OHLFKWVLQQLJGLFNEOWLJXQGREHUIOlFKOLFKVLQG«EHLVROFKHQ/HXWHQ
NDQQLFKPLFK QLFKW DNNOLPDWLVLHUHQXQG ZUGH HV QLHPDOV N|QQHQ
VRZDKULFKGHLQH6FKZHVWHUELQ(YD(ZHUVKDWHVJHNRQQW«JXW
$EHUHLQH(ZHUVLVWQRFKNHLQH%XGGHQEURRNXQGGDQQKDWVLHLKUHQ
0DQQGHU]XHWZDVQW]HLVWLP/HEHQ:LHDEHUKDEHLFKHVJHKDEW"


'HQNHQDFK7KRPDVIDQJYRQYRUQHDQXQGHULQQHUHGLFK,FKELQ
YRQKLHUDXVGLHVHP+DXVHZRHVHWZDVJLOWZRPDQVLFKUHJWXQG
=LHOH KDW GRUWKLQ JHNRPPHQ ]X 3HUPDQHGHU GHU VLFK PLW PHLQHU
0LWJLIW ]XU 5XKH JHVHW]W KDW« KD HV ZDU HFKW HV ZDU ZDKUKDIWLJ
NHQQ]HLFKQHQGDEHUGDVZDUDXFKGDVHLQ]LJ(UIUHXOLFKHGDUDQ:DV
ZHLWHU"(LQ.LQGVROONRPPHQ:LHKDEHLFKPLFKJHIUHXW(VKlWWH
PLU DOOHV HQWJROWHQ :DV JHVFKLHKW" (V VWLUEW (V LVW WRW 'DV ZDU
QLFKW 3HUPDQHGHUV 6FKXOG EHKWH QHLQ (U KDWWH JHWDQ ZDV HU
NRQQWH XQG LVW VRJDU ]ZHL ELV GUHL 7DJH QLFKW LQV :LUWVKDXV
JHJDQJHQEHZDKUH$EHUHVJHK|UWGRFKGD]X7KRPDV(VPDFKWH
PLFKQLFKWJOFNOLFKHUNDQQVWGX GLU GHQNHQ ,FK KDEH DXVJHKDOWHQ
XQG QLFKW JHPXUUW ,FK ELQ DOOHLQ XQG XQYHUVWDQGHQ XQG DOV
KRFKPWLJYHUVFKULHQXPKHUJHJDQJHQXQGKDEHPLUJHVDJW'XKDVW
LKP GHLQ -DZRUW IUV /HEHQ HUWHLOW (U LVW HLQ EL‰FKHQ SOXPS XQG
WUlJHXQGKDWGHLQH+RIIQXQJHQJHWlXVFKWDEHUHUPHLQWHVJXWXQG
VHLQ+HU]LVWUHLQ8QGGDQQKDEHLFKGLHVHUOHEHQPVVHQXQGLKQLQ
GLHVHPZLGHUOLFKHQ$XJHQEOLFNJHVHKHQ'DQQKDEHLFKHUIDKUHQVR
JXW YHUVWHKW HU PLFK XQG XP VR YLHO EHVVHU ZHL‰ HU PLFK ]X
UHVSHNWLHUHQDOVGLHDQGHUHQGD‰HUPLUHLQ:RUWQDFKUXIWHLQ:RUW
GDV NHLQHU GHLQHU 6SHLFKHUDUEHLWHU HLQHP +XQGH ]XZHUIHQ ZUGH
8QG GD KDEH LFK JHVHKHQ GD‰ QLFKWV PLFK KLHOW XQG GD‰ HV HLQH
6FKDQGH JHZHVHQ ZlUH ]X EOHLEHQ 8QG DOV LFK KLHU YRP %DKQKRI
GLH +ROVWHQVWUD‰H KHUDXIIXKU JLQJ GHU 7UlJHU 1LHOVHQ YRUEHU XQG
QDKPWLHIVHLQHQ=\OLQGHUDEXQGLFKKDEHZLHGHUJHJU‰WGXUFKDXV
QLFKWKRFKPWLJVRQGHUQZLH9DWHUGLH/HXWHJU‰WH«VR«PLWGHU
+DQG 8QG MHW]W ELQ LFK KLHU 8QG GX NDQQVW ]ZHL 'XW]HQG
$UEHLWVSIHUGH DQVSDQQHQ 7RP QDFK 0QFKHQ EHNRPPVW GX PLFK
QLFKWZLHGHU8QGPRUJHQJHKHLFK]X*LHVHNH©
'LHV ZDU GLH 5HGH GLH 7RQ\ KLHOW ZRUDXI VLH VLFK ]LHPOLFK
HUVFK|SIW LQ GHQ 6WXKO ]XUFNVLQNHQ OLH‰ GDV .LQQ LQ GLH +DQG
YHUJUXEXQGDXIGLH)HQVWHUVFKHLEHQVWDUUWH
*DQ] HUVFKURFNHQ EHQRPPHQ EHLQDKH HUVFKWWHUW VWDQG GHU
.RQVXOYRULKUXQGVFKZLHJ'DQQDWPHWHHUDXIHUKREGLH$UPHELV
]XU +|KH GHU 6FKXOWHUQ XQG OLH‰ VLH DXI GLH 2EHUVFKHQNHO
KLQDEIDOOHQª-DGDLVWQLFKWV]XPDFKHQ©VDJWHHUOHLVHGUHKWHVLFK
VWLOODXIGHP$EVDW]XPXQGJLQJ]XU7U


6LH VDK LKP PLW GHPVHOEHQ $XVGUXFN QDFK PLW GHP VLH LKQ
HPSIDQJHQKDWWHOHLGHQGXQGVFK0|OOHQGª7RP"©IUDJWHVLHª%LVW
GXPLUE|VH"©
(U KLHOW GHQ RYDOHQ 7UJULII LQ GHU HLQHQ XQG PDFKWH HLQH PGH
%HZHJXQJ GHU $EZHKU PLW GHU DQGHUHQ +DQG ª$FK QHLQ
.HLQHVZHJV©
6LH VWUHFNWH GLH +DQG QDFK LKP DXV XQG OHJWH GHQ .RSI DXI GLH
6FKXOWHUª.RPPKHU7RP«'HLQH6FKZHVWHUKDWHVQLFKWVHKUJXW
LP /HEHQ $OOHV NRPPW DXI VLH KHUDE« 8QG VLH KDW LQ GLHVHP
$XJHQEOLFNZRKOQLHPDQGHQGHU]XLKUVWHKW«©
(UNHKUWH]XUFNXQGQDKPLKUH+DQGYRQGHU6HLWHHLQLJHUPD‰HQ
JOHLFKJOWLJXQGPDWWRKQHVLHDQ]XVHKHQ
3O|W]OLFKEHJDQQLKUH2EHUOLSSH]X]LWWHUQ«ª'XPX‰WQXQDOOHLQ
DUEHLWHQ©VDJWHVLHª0LW&KULVWLDQGDVLVWZRKOQLFKWV5HFKWHVXQG
LFK ELQ QXQ IHUWLJ« LFK KDEH DEJHZLUWVFKDIWHW« LFK NDQQ QLFKWV
PHKU DXVULFKWHQ« MD LKU P‰W PLU QXQ VFKRQ GDV *QDGHQEURW
JHEHQPLUXQQW]HP:HLEH,FKKlWWHQLFKWJHGDFKWGD‰HVPLUVR
JlQ]OLFKPL‰OLQJHQZUGHGLUHLQ ZHQLJ ]XU 6HLWH ]X VWHKHQ7RP
1XQPX‰WGXJDQ]DOOHLQ]XVHKHQGD‰ZLU%XGGHQEURRNVGHQ3ODW]
EHKDXSWHQ«8QG*RWWVHLPLWGLU©
(V UROOWHQ ]ZHL 7UlQHQ JUR‰H KHOOH .LQGHUWUlQHQ EHU LKUH
:DQJHQKLQXQWHUGHUHQ+DXWDQILQJNOHLQH8QHEHQKHLWHQ]X]HLJHQ

(OIWHV.DSLWHO

7RQ\ JLQJ QLFKW P‰LJ VLH QDKP LKUH 6DFKH LQ GLH +DQG ,Q GHU
+RIIQXQJ VLH P|FKWH VLFK EHUXKLJHQ EHVlQIWLJHQ DQGHUHQ 6LQQHV
ZHUGHQKDWWHGHU.RQVXOYRUOlXILJ QXUHLQHV YRQ LKU YHUODQJWVLFK
VWLOO ]X YHUKDOWHQ XQG VR ZLH DXFK (ULND GDV +DXV QLFKW ]X
YHUODVVHQ$OOHVNRQQWHVLFK]XPEHVWHQZHQGHQ«)UVHUVWHVROOWH
QLFKWV LQ GHU 6WDGW EHNDQQW ZHUGHQ 'HU )DPLOLHQWDJ DP
'RQQHUVWDJZDUGDEJHVDJW


$EHUVFKRQDPHUVWHQ7DJHQDFK)UDX3HUPDQHGHUV$QNXQIWZDUG
5HFKWVDQZDOW'RNWRU*LHVHNHGXUFKHLQ6FKUHLEHQYRQLKUHU+DQGLQ
GLH 0HQJVWUD‰H HQWERWHQ 6LH HPSILQJ LKQ DOOHLQ LQ GHP
0LWWHO]LPPHUDP.RUULGRUGHUHUVWHQ(WDJHZRJHKHL]WZRUGHQZDU
XQG ZR VLH ]X LUJHQGHLQHP %HKXIH DXI HLQHP VFKZHUHQ 7LVFKH HLQ
7LQWHQID‰ 6FKUHLE]HXJ XQG HLQH 0HQJH ZHL‰HQ 3DSLHUV LQ
)ROLRIRUPDWGDVYRQXQWHQDXVGHP.RQWRUVWDPPWHJHRUGQHWKDWWH
0DQ QDKP LQ ]ZHL /HKQVWKOHQ 3ODW]« ª+HUU 'RNWRU© VDJWH VLH
LQGHP VLH GLH $UPH NUHX]WH GHQ .RSI ]XUFNOHJWH XQG ]XU 'HFNH
HPSRUEOLFNWHª6LHVLQGHLQ0DQQGHUGDV/HEHQNHQQWVRZRKODOV
0HQVFKZLHYRQ%HUXIVZHJHQLFKGDUIRIIHQ]X,KQHQVSUHFKHQ©
8QG GDQQ HU|IIQHWH VLH LKP ZLH VLFK PLW %lEHWW XQG LP
6FKODI]LPPHUDOOHVEHJHEHQKDEHZRUDXI'RNWRU*LHVHNHEHGDXHUWH
LKU HUNOlUHQ ]X PVVHQ GD‰ ZHGHU GHU EHWUEHQGH 9RUIDOO DXI GHU
7UHSSHQRFKGLHJHZLVVHLKU]XWHLOJHZRUGHQH%HVFKLPSIXQJEHU
GLHGHVQlKHUQVLFK]XlX‰HUQVLHVLFKZHLJHUHHLQHQKLQOlQJOLFKHQ
6FKHLGXQJVJUXQGGDUVWHOOHª*XW©VDJWHVLHª,FKGDQNH,KQHQ©
'DQQ OLH‰ VLH VLFK HLQH hEHUVLFKW GHU ]X 5HFKW EHVWHKHQGHQ
6FKHLGXQJVJUQGH OLHIHUQ XQG QDKP GDUDQVFKOLH‰HQG PLW RIIHQHP
.RSI XQG HLQGULQJOLFKHP ,QWHUHVVH HLQHQ OlQJHUHQ GRWDOUHFKWOLFKHQ
9RUWUDJ HQWJHJHQ ZRUDXI VLH GHQ 'RNWRU *LHVHNH YRUOlXILJ PLW
HUQVWHU)UHXQGOLFKNHLWHQWOLH‰
6LH EHJDE VLFK LQV (UGJHVFKR‰ KLQDE XQG Q|WLJWH GHQ .RQVXO LQ
VHLQ3ULYDWNRQWRUª7KRPDV©VDJWHVLHªLFKELWWHGLFKGHP0DQQH
QXQ XQYHU]JOLFK ]X VFKUHLEHQ« LFK QHQQH QLFKW JHUQ VHLQHQ
1DPHQ :DV PHLQ *HOG EHWULIIW VR ELQ LFK DXIV JHQDXHVWH
XQWHUULFKWHW (U VROO VLFK HUNOlUHQ 6R RGHU VR PLFK VLHKW HU QLFKW
ZLHGHU:LOOLJWHULQGLHUHFKWVNUlIWLJH6FKHLGXQJJXWVREHWUHLEHQ
ZLU5HFKQXQJVOHJXQJVRZLH(UVWDWWXQJPHLQHUGRV:HLJHUWHUVLFK
VREUDXFKHQZLUHEHQIDOOVQLFKW]XYHU]DJHQGHQQGXPX‰WZLVVHQ
7RPGD‰3HUPDQHGHUV5HFKWDQPHLQHUGRVQDFKVHLQHUMXULVWLVFKHQ
*HVWDOWDOOHUGLQJV(LJHQWXPLVWJHZL‰GDVLVW]X]XJHEHQGD‰LFK
DEHU PDWHULHOO LPPHUKLQ DXFK PHLQH %HIXJQLVVH KDEH *RWW VHL
'DQN«©
'HU.RQVXOJLQJGLH+lQGHDXIGHP5FNHQXPKHUXQGEHZHJWH
QHUY|VGLH6FKXOWHUQGHQQGDV*HVLFKWPLWGHPVLHGDV:RUWªGRV©
KHUYRUEUDFKWHZDUJDU]XXQVlJOLFKVWRO]


(U KDWWH NHLQH =HLW (U ZDU EHL *RWW EHUKlXIW 6LH VROOWH VLFK
JHGXOGHQ XQG VLFK JHIlOOLJVW QRFK IQI]LJPDO EHVLQQHQ ,KP VWDQG
MHW]W ]XQlFKVW XQG ]ZDU PRUJHQGHQ 7DJHV HLQH )DKUW QDFK
+DPEXUJEHYRU]XHLQHU.RQIHUHQ]HLQHUOHLGLJHQ8QWHUUHGXQJPLW
&KULVWLDQ &KULVWLDQ KDWWH JHVFKULHEHQ XP 8QWHUVWW]XQJ XP
$XVKLOIHJHVFKULHEHQZHOFKHGLH.RQVXOLQVHLQHPGHUHLQVWLJHQ(UEH
HQWQHKPHQ PX‰WH 8P VHLQH *HVFKlIWH VWDQG HV MDPPHUYROO XQG
REJOHLFKHUEHVWlQGLJHLQHU5HLKHYRQ%HVFKZHUGHQXQWHUODJVFKLHQ
HU VLFK LP 5HVWDXUDQW LP =LUNXV LP 7KHDWHU GRFK N|QLJOLFK ]X
DPVLHUHQ XQG GHQ 6FKXOGHQ QDFK ]X XUWHLOHQ GLH MHW]W ]XWDJH
NDPHQXQGGLHHUDXIVHLQHQJXWNOLQJHQGHQ1DPHQKLQKDWWHPDFKHQ
N|QQHQ ZHLW EHU VHLQH 9HUKlOWQLVVH ]X OHEHQ 0DQ ZX‰WH LQ GHU
0HQJVWUD‰H ZX‰WH HV LP .OXE XQG LQ GHU JDQ]HQ 6WDGW ZHU YRU
DOOHP VFKXOG GDUDQ ZDU (V ZDU HLQH ZHLEOLFKH 3HUVRQ HLQH
DOOHLQVWHKHQGH 'DPH GLH $OLQH 3XYRJHO KLH‰ XQG ]ZHL KEVFKH
.LQGHUEHVD‰9RQGHQ+DPEXUJHU.DXIKHUUHQVWDQGQLFKW&KULVWLDQ
%XGGHQEURRN DOOHLQ ]X LKU LQ HQJHQ XQG NRVWVSLHOLJHQ
%H]LHKXQJHQ«
.XU]HVJDEDX‰HU7RQ\¶V6FKHLGXQJVZQVFKHQGHUZLGHUZlUWLJHQ
'LQJH QRFK PHKU XQG GLH )DKUW QDFK +DPEXUJ ZDU GULQJOLFK
hEULJHQV ZDU HV ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK GD‰ 3HUPDQHGHU VHLQHUVHLWV
]XQlFKVWVHOEVWYRQVLFKK|UHQODVVHQZUGH«
'HU.RQVXOUHLVWHXQGHUNHKUWHLQ]RUQLJHUXQGWUEHU6WLPPXQJ
]XUFN 'D DEHU DXV 0QFKHQ QRFK LPPHU NHLQH 1DFKULFKW
JHNRPPHQZDUVRVDKHUVLFKJHQ|WLJWGHQHUVWHQ6FKULWW]XWXQ(U
VFKULHE VFKULHE NKO VDFKOLFK XQG HLQ ZHQLJ YRQ REHQ KHUDE
8QOHXJEDU VHL $QWRQLH LP =XVDPPHQOHEHQ PLW 3HUPDQHGHU
VFKZHUHQ (QWWlXVFKXQJHQ DXVJHVHW]W JHZHVHQ« DXFK DEJHVHKHQ
YRQ (LQ]HOKHLWHQ KDEH VLH LP JUR‰HQ JDQ]HQ GDV HUKRIIWH *OFN LQ
GLHVHU(KHQLFKWILQGHQN|QQHQ«LKU:XQVFKGDV%QGQLVJHO|VW]X
VHKHQ PVVH GHP ELOOLJ 'HQNHQGHQ EHUHFKWLJW HUVFKHLQHQ« OHLGHU
VFKHLQH LKU (QWVFKOX‰ QLFKW QDFK 0QFKHQ ]XUFN]XNHKUHQ
XQHUVFKWWHUOLFK IHVW]XVWHKHQ« 8QG HV IROJWH GLH )UDJH ZLH
3HUPDQHGHUVLFKGLHVHQ7DWVDFKHQJHJHQEHUYHUKDOWH«
7DJHGHU6SDQQXQJ«'DQQDQWZRUWHWH+HUU3HUPDQHGHU


(UDQWZRUWHWHZLHQLHPDQGZLHZHGHU'RNWRU*LHVHNHQRFKGLH
.RQVXOLQ QRFK 7KRPDV QRFK VHOEVW $QWRQLH HV HUZDUWHW KDWWH (U
ZLOOLJWHPLWVFKOLFKWHQ:RUWHQLQGLH6FKHLGXQJ
(U VFKULHE GD‰ HU GDV9RUJHIDOOHQH KHU]OLFK EHGDXUH GD‰ HU DEHU
$QWRQLHQV:QVFKHUHVSHNWLHUHGHQQHUVHKHHLQVLHXQGHUSD‰WHQ
ªGRFKKDOWQLPPHUVRUHFKW]XHLQDQG¶©:HQQHULKUVFKZHUH-DKUH
EHUHLWHW KDEHVR P|JH VLH YHUVXFKHQ VLH ]X YHUJHVVHQ XQG LKP ]X
YHU]HLKHQ«'DHUVLHXQG(ULNDZRKOQLFKWZLHGHUVHKHQZHUGHVR
ZQVFKHHULKUXQGGHP.LQGHIULPPHUDOOHVHUGHQNOLFKH*OFN«
$ORLV3HUPDQHGHU$XVGUFNOLFKHUERWHUVLFKLQHLQHU1DFKVFKULIW
]XUVRIRUWLJHQ5HVWLWXLHUXQJGHU0LWJLIW(UIUVHLQ7HLON|QQH PLW
GHP 6HLQHQ VRUJORV OHEHQ (U EUDXFKH NHLQH )ULVW GHQQ *HVFKlIWH
VHLHQQLFKWDE]XZLFNHOQGDV+DXVVHLVHLQH6DFKHXQGGLH6XPPH
VHLVRIRUWOLTXLG
7RQ\ZDUIDVWHLQZHQLJEHVFKlPWXQGIKOWHVLFK]XPHUVWHQ0DOH
JHQHLJW +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHUV JHULQJH /HLGHQVFKDIW LQ
*HOGDQJHOHJHQKHLWHQOREHQVZHUW]XILQGHQ
1XQWUDW'RNWRU*LHVHNHDXIVQHXHLQ)XQNWLRQHUVHW]WHVLFKPLW
GHP *DWWHQ LQ EHWUHII GHV 6FKHLGXQJVJUXQGHV LQ 9HUELQGXQJ
ªEHLGHUVHLWLJH XQEHUZLQGOLFKH $EQHLJXQJ© ZDUG IHVWJHVHW]W XQG
GHU 3UR]H‰ EHJDQQ  7RQ\¶V ]ZHLWHU 6FKHLGXQJVSUR]H‰ GHVVHQ
3KDVHQVLHPLW(UQVW6DFKNHQQWQLVXQGXQJHKHXUHP(LIHUYHUIROJWH
6LHVSUDFKGDYRQZRVLHJLQJXQGVWDQGVRGD‰GHU.RQVXOPHKUHUH
0DOH lUJHUOLFK ZXUGH 6LH ZDU IUV HUVWH QLFKW LPVWDQGH VHLQHQ
.XPPHU]XWHLOHQ6LHZDULQ$QVSUXFKJHQRPPHQYRQ:|UWHUQZLH
ª)UFKWH© ª(UWUlJQLVVH© ª$N]HVVLRQHQ© ª'RWDOVDFKHQ©
ª7DQJLELOLHQ©GLHVLHGHQ.RSI]XUFNJHOHJWXQGGLH6FKXOWHUQHLQ
ZHQLJ HPSRUJH]RJHQ PLW ZUGHYROOHU *HOlXILJNHLW EHVWlQGLJ
KHUYRUEUDFKWH 'HQ WLHIVWHQ (LQGUXFN YRQ 'RNWRU *LHVHNH¶V
$XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJHQ KDWWH LKU HLQ 3DUDJUDSK JHPDFKW GHU YRQ
HLQHPHWZDLJHQLP'RWDOJUXQGVWFNJHIXQGHQHQª6FKDW]H©KDQGHOWH
ZHOFKHU DOV %HVWDQGWHLO GHV 'RWDOYHUP|JHQV DQ]XVHKHQ XQG QDFK
%HHQGLJXQJGHU(KHKHUDXV]XJHEHQVHL9RQGLHVHP6FKDW]HGHUJDU
QLFKW YRUKDQGHQ ZDU HU]lKOWH VLH DOOHU :HOW ,GD -XQJPDQQ 2QNHO
-XVWXVGHUDUPHQ.ORWKLOGHGHQ'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNLQGHU%UHLWHQ
6WUD‰H GLH EULJHQV DOV LKQHQ GLH (UHLJQLVVH EHNDQQWJHZRUGHQ
ZDUHQ GLH +lQGH LP 6FKR‰H ]XVDPPHQJHVFKODJHQ XQG VLFK


DQJHEOLFNW KDWWHQ VWDUU YRU (UVWDXQHQ GD‰ LKQHQ DXFK GLHVH
*HQXJWXXQJ QRFK ]XWHLO ZXUGH« 7KHUHVH :HLFKEURGW GHUHQ
8QWHUULFKW (ULND *UQOLFK QXQ ZLHGHU JHQR‰ XQG VRJDU GHU JXWHQ
0DGDPH .HWKHOVHQ GLH DXV PHKU DOV HLQHP *UXQGH QLFKW GDV
JHULQJVWHGDYRQEHJULII«
'DQQ NDP GHU 7DJ DQ GHP GLH 6FKHLGXQJ UHFKWVNUlIWLJ XQG
HQGJOWLJDXVJHVSURFKHQZXUGHDQGHP7RQ\GLHOHW]WHQRWZHQGLJH
)RUPDOLWlWHUOHGLJWHLQGHPVLHVLFKYRQ7KRPDVGLH)DPLOLHQSDSLHUH
HUEDWXQGHLJHQKlQGLJGDVQHXH)DNWXPYHU]HLFKQHWH«XQGQXQJDOW
HVVLFKDQGLH6DFKODJH]XJHZ|KQHQ
6LH WDW HV PLW 7DSIHUNHLW 6LH EHUK|UWH PLW XQEHUKUEDUHU :UGH
GLHZXQGHUEDUKlPLVFKHQNOHLQHQ3RLQWHQGHU'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRN
VLHEHUVDKDXIGHU6WUD‰HPLWXQDXVVSUHFKOLFKHU.lOWHGLH.|SIHGHU
+DJHQVWU|PV XQG 0|OOHQGRUSIV GLH LKU EHJHJQHWHQ XQG VLH
YHU]LFKWHWHJlQ]OLFKDXIGDVJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH/HEHQGDVMDEULJHQV
VHLW -DKUHQ QLFKW PHKU LQ LKUHP HOWHUOLFKHQ +DXVH VRQGHUQ LQ GHP
LKUHV %UXGHUV VLFK DEVSLHOWH 6LH KDWWH LKUH QlFKVWHQ $QJHK|ULJHQ
GLH .RQVXOLQ 7KRPDV *HUGD VLH KDWWH ,GD -XQJPDQQ 6HVHPL
:HLFKEURGW LKUH PWWHUOLFKH )UHXQGLQ (ULND DXI GHUHQ YRUQHKPH
(U]LHKXQJVLH6RUJIDOWYHUZDQGWHXQGLQGHUHQ=XNXQIWVLHYLHOOHLFKW
OHW]WH KHLPOLFKH +RIIQXQJHQ VHW]WH« 6R OHEWH VLH XQG VR
HQWVFKZDQGGLH=HLW
6SlWHU DXI LUJHQGHLQH QLHPDOV DXIJHNOlUWH :HLVH LVW HLQ]HOQHQ
)DPLOLHQJOLHGHUQ GDV ª:RUW© EHNDQQWJHZRUGHQ GLHVHV GHVSHUDWH
:RUW GDV LQ MHQHU 1DFKW +HUU 3HUPDQHGHU VLFK KDWWH HQWVFKOSIHQ
ODVVHQ:DVKDWWHHUJHVDJW"ª*HK]XP'HLIL6DXOXG¶UGUHFNDWV©
6RVFKOR‰7RQ\%XGGHQEURRNV]ZHLWH(KH


6,(%(17(57(,/

(UVWHV.DSLWHO

7DXIH«7DXIHLQGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰H
$OOHV LVW YRUKDQGHQ ZDV 0DGDPH 3HUPDQHGHU LQ 7DJHQ GHU
+RIIQXQJ WUlXPHQG YRU $XJHQ VDK DOOHV 'HQQ LP (‰]LPPHU DP
7LVFKH  EHKXWVDP XQG RKQH *HNODSSHU GDV GUEHQ LP 6DDOH GLH
)HLHU VW|UHQ ZUGH  IOOW GDV )ROJPlGFKHQ 6FKODJVDKQH LQ YLHOH
7DVVHQPLWNRFKHQGKHL‰HU6FKRNRODGHGLHGLFKWJHGUlQJWDXIHLQHP
XQJHKHXUHQ UXQGHQ 7HHEUHWW PLW YHUJROGHWHQ PXVFKHOI|UPLJHQ
*ULIIHQ EHLHLQDQGHU VWHKHQ« ZlKUHQG GHU 'LHQHU $QWRQ HLQHQ
UDJHQGHQ%DXPNXFKHQLQ6WFNHVFKQHLGHWXQG0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQ
.RQIHNW XQG IULVFKH %OXPHQ LQ VLOEHUQHQ 'HVVHUWVFKVVHOQ RUGQHW
ZREHL VLH SUIHQG GHQ .RSI DXI GLH 6FKXOWHU OHJW XQG GLH EHLGHQ
NOHLQHQ)LQJHUZHLWYRQGHQEULJHQHQWIHUQWKlOW«
1LFKW ODQJH XQG DOOH GLHVH +HUUOLFKNHLWHQ ZHUGHQ ZHQQ GLH
+HUUVFKDIWHQ VLFK¶V LP :RKQ]LPPHU XQG 6DORQ EHTXHP JHPDFKW
KDEHQ XPKHUJHUHLFKW ZHUGHQ XQG KRIIHQWOLFK ZHUGHQ VLH
DXVUHLFKHQ GHQQ HV LVW GLH )DPLOLH LP ZHLWHUHQ 6LQQH YHUVDPPHOW
ZHQQDXFKQLFKWJHUDGH]XLPZHLWHVWHQGHQQGXUFKGLH2HYHUGLHFNV
LVWPDQDXFKPLWGHQ.LVWHQPDNHUVHLQZHQLJYHUZDQGWGXUFKGLHVH
PLWGHQ0|OOHQGRUSIVXQGVRIRUW(VZlUHXQP|JOLFKHLQH*UHQ]H
]X ]LHKHQ« 'LH 2HYHUGLHFNV DEHU VLQG YHUWUHWHQ XQG ]ZDU GXUFK
GDV+DXSWGHQPHKUDOVDFKW]LJMlKULJHQ'RNWRU.DVSDU2HYHUGLHFN
UHJLHUHQGHU%UJHUPHLVWHU
(U LVW ]X :DJHQ JHNRPPHQ XQG JHVWW]W DXI VHLQHQ .UFNVWRFN
XQG GHQ $UP 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRNV GLH 7UHSSH KHUDXIJHVWLHJHQ
6HLQH$QZHVHQKHLWHUK|KWGLH:UGHGHU)HLHU«XQGRKQH=ZHLIHO
'LHVH)HLHULVWDOOHU:UGHZUGLJ
'HQQGRUWLP6DDOHYRUHLQHPDOV$OWDUYHUNOHLGHWHQPLW%OXPHQ
JHVFKPFNWHQ 7LVFKFKHQ KLQWHU GHP LQ VFKZDU]HP 2UQDW XQG
VFKQHHZHL‰HU JHVWlUNWHU PKOVWHLQDUWLJHU +DOVNUDXVH HLQ MXQJHU
*HLVWOLFKHUVSULFKWKlOWHLQHUHLFKLQ5RWXQG*ROGJHNOHLGHWHJUR‰H
VWlPPLJHVRUJIlOWLJJHQlKUWH3HUVRQHLQNOHLQHVXQWHU6SLW]HQXQG


$WODVVFKOHLIHQ YHUVFKZLQGHQGHV (WZDV DXI LKUHQ VFKZHOOHQGHQ
$UPHQ« HLQ (UEH (LQ 6WDPPKDOWHU (LQ %XGGHQEURRN %HJUHLIW
PDQZDVGDVEHGHXWHW"
%HJUHLIW PDQ GDV VWLOOH (QW]FNHQ PLW GHP GLH .XQGH DOV GDV
HUVWH OHLVH DKQHQGH :RUW JHIDOOHQ YRQ GHU %UHLWHLO LQ GLH
0HQJVWUD‰HJHWUDJHQZRUGHQ"'HQVWXPPHQ(QWKXVLDVPXVPLWGHP
)UDX3HUPDQHGHUEHLGLHVHU1DFKULFKWLKUH0XWWHULKUHQ%UXGHUXQG
EHKXWVDPHULKUH6FKZlJHULQXPDUPWKDW"
8QGQXQGDGHU)UKOLQJJHNRPPHQGHU)UKOLQJGHV-DKUHV
QXQLVWHUGDXQGHPSIDQJWGDV6DNUDPHQWGHUKHLOLJHQ7DXIHHUDXI
GHP ODQJVW VR YLHOH +RIIQXQJHQ UXKHQ YRQ GHP OlQJVW VR YLHO
JHVSURFKHQ GHU VHLW ODQJHQ -DKUHQ HUZDUWHW HUVHKQW ZRUGHQ GHQ
PDQYRQ*RWWHUEHWHQXQGXPGHQPDQ'RNWRU*UDERZJHTXlOWKDW
HULVWGDXQGVLHKWJDQ]XQVFKHLQEDUDXV
'LH NOHLQHQ +lQGH VSLHOHQ PLW GHQ *ROGOLW]HQ DQ GHU 7DLOOH GHU
$PPH XQG GHU .RSI GHU PLW HLQHP KHOOEODX JDUQLHUWHQ
6SLW]HQKlXEFKHQ EHGHFNW LVW OLHJW HLQ ZHQLJ VHLWZlUWV XQG
XQDFKWVDPYRP3DVWRUDEJHZDQGWDXIGHP.LVVHQVRGD‰GLH$XJHQ
PLWHLQHPEHLQDKHDOWNOXJSUIHQGHQ%OLQ]HOQLQGHQ6DDOKLQHLQXQG
DXIGLH9HUZDQGWHQEOLFNHQ,QGLHVHQ$XJHQGHUHQREHUH/LGHUVHKU
ODQJH :LPSHUQ KDEHQ LVW GDV +HOOEODX GHU YlWHUOLFKHQ XQG GDV
%UDXQ GHU PWWHUOLFKHQ ,ULV ]X HLQHP OLFKWHQ XQEHVWLPPWHQ QDFK
GHU%HOHXFKWXQJZHFKVHOQGHQ*ROGEUDXQJHZRUGHQGLH:LQNHODEHU
]XEHLGHQ6HLWHQGHU1DVHQZXU]HOVLQGWLHIXQGOLHJHQLQEODXOLFKHP
6FKDWWHQ 'DV JLEW GLHVHP *HVLFKWFKHQ GDV QRFK NDXP HLQHV LVW
HWZDVYRU]HLWLJ&KDUDNWHULVWLVFKHVXQGNOHLGHWHLQYLHU:RFKHQDOWHV
QLFKW]XPEHVWHQDEHU*RWWZLUGJHEHQGD‰HV QLFKWV 8QJQVWLJHV
EHGHXWHWGHQQDXFKEHLGHU0XWWHUGLHGRFKZRKODXILVWYHUKlOWHV
VLFKVRXQGJOHLFKYLHOHUOHEWXQGGD‰HVHLQ.QDEHLVWGDVZDUYRU
YLHU:RFKHQGLHHLJHQWOLFKH)UHXGH
(U OHEW XQG HV NRQQWH DQGHUV VHLQ 'HU .RQVXO ZLUG QLHPDOV GHQ
+lQGHGUXFNYHUJHVVHQPLWGHPGHUJXWH'RNWRU*UDERZDOVHUYRU
YLHU :RFKHQ0XWWHU XQG.LQG YHUODVVHQ NRQQWH ]X LKP JHVDJW KDW
ª6HLHQ6LHGDQNEDUOLHEHU )UHXQGHV KDWWH QLFKW YLHO JHIHKOW© 'HU
.RQVXOKDWQLFKW]XIUDJHQJHZDJWZRUDQQLFKWYLHOJHIHKOWKDWWH(U
ZHLVWGHQ*HGDQNHQGD‰HVPLWGLHVHPODQJHYHUJHEHQVHUVHKQWHQ
ZLQ]LJHQ*HVFK|SIHGDVVRVRQGHUEDUODXWORV]XU:HOWNDPEHLQDKH


JHJDQJHQ ZlUH ZLH PLW $QWRPHQV ]ZHLWHP 7|FKWHUFKHQ PLW
(QWVHW]HQYRQVLFK$EHUHUZHL‰GD‰HVIU0XWWHUXQG.LQGHLQH
YHU]ZHLIHOWH6WXQGHJHZHVHQLVWYRUYLHU:RFKHQXQGHUEHXJWVLFK
JOFNOLFKXQG]lUWOLFK]X*HUGDQLHGHUZHOFKHGLH/DFNVFKXKHDXI
HLQHP 6DPPHWNLVVHQ JHNUHX]W YRU LKP XQG QHEHQ GHU DOWHQ
.RQVXOLQLQHLQHP$UPVHVVHOOHKQW
:LHEOHLFKVLHQRFKLVW8QGZLHIUHPGDUWLJVFK|QLQLKUHU%ODVVH
PLWLKUHPVFKZHUHQGXQNHOURWHQ+DDUXQGLKUHQUlWVHOKDIWHQ$XJHQ
GLH PLW HLQHU JHZLVVHQ YHUVFKOHLHUWHQ 0RNHQH DXI GHP 3UHGLJHU
UXKHQ (V LVW +HUU $QGUHDV 3ULQJVKHLP SDVWRU PDQDQXV GHU QDFK
GHV DOWHQ .ROOLQJ SO|W]OLFKHP 7RGH LQ MXQJHQ -DKUHQ VFKRQ ]XP
+DXSWSDVWRUDXIJHUFNWLVW(UKlOWGLH+lQGHLQEUQVWLJGLFKWXQWHU
GHP HUKREHQHQ .LQQ JHIDOWHW (U KDW EORQGHV NXU]JHORFNWHV +DDU
XQG HLQ NQRFKLJHV JODWWUDVLHUWHV *HVLFKW GHVVHQ 0LPLN ]ZLVFKHQ
IDQDWLVFKHP (UQVW XQG KHOOHU 9HUNOlUXQJ ZHFKVHOW XQG HLQ ZHQLJ
WKHDWUDOLVFKHUVFKHLQW(UVWDPPWDXV)UDQNHQZRVHOEVWHUZlKUHQG
HLQLJHU-DKUHLQPLWWHQYRQODXWHU.DWKROLNHQHLQHNOHLQHOXWKHULVFKH
*HPHLQGHJHKWHWKDWXQGVHLQ'LDOHNWLVWXQWHUGHP6WUHEHQQDFK
UHLQHU XQG SDWKHWLVFKHU $XVVSUDFKH ]X HLQHU Y|OOLJ HLJHQDUWLJHQ
5HGHZHLVHPLWODQJHQXQGGXQNOHQRGHUMlKDN]HQWXLHUWHQ9RNDOHQ
XQGHLQHPDQGHQ=lKQHQUROOHQGHQUJHZRUGHQ
(UOREW*RWWPLWOHLVHUVFKZHOOHQGHURGHUVWDUNHU6WLPPHXQGGLH
)DPLOLHK|UWLKP]X)UDX3HUPDQHGHUJHKOOWLQZUGHYROOHQ(UQVW
GHU LKU (QW]FNHQ XQG LKUHQ 6WRO] YHUELUJW (ULND *UQOLFK QXQ
VFKRQ IDVW IQI]HKQMlKULJ HLQ NUlIWLJHV MXQJHV 0lGFKHQ PLW
DXIJHVWHFNWHP =RSI XQG GHP URVLJHQ 7HLQW LKUHV 9DWHUV XQG
&KULVWLDQGHUKHXWHPRUJHQYRQ+DPEXUJHLQJHWURIIHQLVWXQGVHLQH
WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ YRQ HLQHU ]XU DQGHUHQ 6HLWH VFKZHLIHQ Ol‰W
3DVWRU 7LEXUWLXV XQG VHLQH *DWWLQ KDEHQ GLH 5HLVH YRQ 5LJD QLFKW
JHVFKHXW XP EHL GHU )HLHU ]XJHJHQ VHLQ ]X N|QQHQ 6LHYHUW
7LEXUWLXV GHU GLH (QGHQ VHLQHV ODQJHQ GQQHQ %DFNHQEDUWHV EHU
EHLGH6FKXOWHUQJHOHJWKDWXQGGHVVHQNOHLQHJUDXH$XJHQVLFKKLH
XQG GD LQ XQJHDKQWHU :HLVH HUZHLWHUQ JU|‰HU XQG JU|‰HU ZHUGHQ
KHUYRUTXHOOHQ EHLQDKH KHUDXVVSULQJHQ XQG &ODUD GLH GXQNHO HUQVW
XQGVWUHQJGDUHLQEOLFNWXQGPDQFKPDOHLQH+DQG]XP.RSIHIKUW
GHQQ GRUW VFKPHU]W HV hEULJHQV KDEHQ VLH GHQ %XGGHQEURRNV HLQ
SUDFKWYROOHV *HVFKHQN PLWJHEUDFKW  HLQHQ PlFKWLJHQ DXIUHFKWHQ


DXVJHVWRSIWHQ EUDXQHQ %lUHQ PLW RIIHQHP 5DFKHQ GHQ HLQ
9HUZDQGWHU GHV 3DVWRUV LUJHQGZR LP LQQHUHQ 5X‰ODQG JHVFKRVVHQ
XQGGHUMHW]WHLQH9LVLWHQNDUWHQVFKDOH]ZLVFKHQGHQ7DW]HQGUXQWHQ
DXIGHP9RUSODW]VWHKW
.U|JHUV KDEHQ LKUHQ -UJHQ ]X %HVXFK GHQ 3RVWEHDPWHQ DXV
5RVWRFN HLQ HLQIDFK JHNOHLGHWHU VWLOOHU 0HQVFK :R -DNRE VLFK
DXIKlOW ZHL‰ QLHPDQG DX‰HU VHLQHU 0XWWHU GHU JHERUHQHQ
2HYHUGLHFNGHUVFKZDFKHQ )UDX GLH KHLPOLFK 6LOEHU]HXJ YHUNDXIW
XPGHP(QWHUEWHQ*HOG]XVHQGHQ$XFKGLH 'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN
VLQG DQZHVHQG XQG VLH VLQG WLHI HUIUHXW EHU GDV JOFNOLFKH
)DPLOLHQHUHLJQLV ZDV DEHU 3ILIIL QLFKW JHKLQGHUW KDW ]X EHPHUNHQ
GDV.LQGVHKH]LHPOLFKXQJHVXQGDXVXQGGDVKDEHQGLH.RQVXOLQ
JHERUHQH 6WZLQJ VRZRKO ZLH )ULHGHULNH XQG +HQULHWWH OHLGHU
EHVWlWLJHQPVVHQ'LHDUPH.ORWKLOGHMHGRFKJUDXKDJHUJHGXOGLJ
XQG KXQJULJ LVW EHZHJW YRQ 3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLPV :RUWHQ XQG GHU
+RIIQXQJ DXI %DXPNXFKHQ PLW 6FKRNRODGH 9RQ QLFKW ]XU )DPLOLH
JHK|ULJHQ 3HUVRQHQ VLQG +HUU )ULHGULFK :LOKHOP 0DUFXV XQG
6HVHPL:HLFKEURGW]XJHJHQ
1XQ ZHQGHW GHU 3DVWRU VLFK DQ GLH 3DWHQ XQG VSULFKW LKQHQ YRQ
LKUHU 3IOLFKW -XVWXV .U|JHU LVW GHU HLQH .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN KDW
VLFKDQIDQJVJHZHLJHUWLKQ]X ELWWHQ ª)RUGHUQ ZLU GHQ DOWHQ0DQQ
QLFKW]X7RUKHLWHQKHUDXV©VDJWHHUª7lJOLFKKDWHUGLHIXUFKWEDUVWHQ
6]HQHQ PLW VHLQHU )UDX ZHJHQ GHV 6RKQHV XQG VHLQ EL‰FKHQ
9HUP|JHQ YHUIlOOW XQGHUIlQJW ZDKUKDIWLJ YRU .XPPHU VFKRQ DQ
HLQ EL‰FKHQ VDORSS LQ VHLQHP bX‰HUQ ]X ZHUGHQ $EHU ZDV PHLQW
LKU"%LWWHQZLULKQ]X*HYDWWHUVRVFKHQNWHUGHP.LQGHHLQJDQ]HV
6HUYLFHDXVVFKZHUHP*ROGHXQGQLPPWNHLQHQ'DQNGDIU"©
2QNHO-XVWXVLQGHVVHQLVWDOV HU YRQ HLQHP DQGHUHQ 3DWHQ K|UWH 
6WHSKDQ .LVWHQPDNHU GHV .RQVXOV )UHXQG ZXUGH JHQDQQW  LQ VR
KRKHP*UDGHSLNLHUWJHZHVHQ GD‰ PDQ LKQ GHQQRFKKHUDQJH]RJHQ
KDW XQG GHU JROGHQH %HFKHU GHQ HU JHVSHQGHW LVW ]X 7KRPDV
%XGGHQEURRNV%HIULHGLJXQJQLFKWEHUWULHEHQVFKZHU
8QGGHU]ZHLWH3DWH"(VLVWGLHVHUVFKQHHZHL‰HZUGLJHDOWH+HUU
GHUKLHUPLWVHLQHUKRKHQ+DOVELQGHXQGVHLQHPZHLFKHQVFKZDU]HQ
7XFKURFN DXV GHVVHQ KLQWHUHU 7DVFKH VWHWV GHU =LSIHO HLQHV URWHQ
6FKQXSIWXFKHVKHUYRUKlQJWVLFKLQGHPEHTXHPVWHQ/HKQVWXKOEHU
VHLQHQ .UFNVWRFN EHXJW %UJHUPHLVWHU 'RNWRU 2HYHUGLHFN (V LVW


HLQ (UHLJQLV HLQ 6LHJ 0DQFKH /HXWH EHJUHLIHQ QLFKW ZLH HV
]XJHJDQJHQLVW*XWHU*RWWHVLVWGRFKNDXPHLQH9HUZDQGWVFKDIW
'LH%XGGHQEURRNVKDEHQGHQ$OWHQDQGHQ+DDUHQKHUEHLJH]RJHQ«
8QGLQGHU7DWHVLVWHLQ6WUHLFKHLQHNOHLQH,QWULJHGLHGHU.RQVXO
]XVDPPHQ PLW 0DGDPH 3HUPDQHGHU HLQJHIlGHOW KDW (LJHQWOLFK LQ
GHU HUVWHQ )UHXGH DOV 0XWWHU XQG .LQG LQ 6LFKHUKHLW ZDUHQ LVW HV
EOR‰ HLQ 6FKHU] JHZHVHQ ª(LQ -XQJH 7RQ\  'HU VROO GHQ
%UJHUPHLVWHU ]XP *HYDWWHU KDEHQ© KDW GHU .RQVXO JHUXIHQ DEHU
VLHKDWHVDXIJHJULIIHQXQGLVWPLW(UQVWGDUDXIHLQJHJDQJHQZRUDXI
DXFK HU VLFK GLH 6DFKH ZRKO EHUOHJW XQG GDQQ LQ HLQHQ 9HUVXFK
JHZLOOLJW KDW 6R KDEHQ VLH VLFK KLQWHU 2QNHO -XVWXV JHVWHFNW GHU
VHLQH )UDX ]X LKUHU 6FKZlJHULQ GHU *DWWLQ GHV +RO]KlQGOHUV
2HYHUGLHFN JHVFKLFNW KDW GLH LKUHUVHLWV LKUHQ JUHLVHQ
6FKZLHJHUYDWHU HLQ ZHQLJ KDW SUlSDULHUHQ PVVHQ 'DQQ KDW HLQ
HKUHUELHWLJHU %HVXFK 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRNV EHL GHP
6WDDWVREHUKDXSWHGDV6HLQHJHWDQ«
8QGQXQVSUHQJWZlKUHQGGLH$PPHGLH+DXEHGHV.LQGHVOIWHW
GHU3DVWRUYRUVLFKWLJ]ZHLRGHUGUHL7URSIHQDXVGHUVLOEHUQHQLQQHQ
YHUJROGHWHQ 6FKDOH GLH YRU LKP VWHKW DXI GDV VSlUOLFKH +DDU GHV
NOHLQHQ %XGGHQEURRN XQG QHQQW ODQJVDP XQG QDFKGUFNOLFK GLH
1DPHQDXIGLHHULKQWDXIW-XVWXV-RKDQQ.DVSDU'DQQIROJWHLQ
NXU]HV*HEHWXQGGLH9HUZDQGWHQJHKHQYRUEHLXPGHPVWLOOHQXQG
JOHLFKPWLJHQ:HVHQHLQHQJOFNZQVFKHQGHQ.X‰DXIGLH6WLUQ]X
GUFNHQ«7KHUHVH:HLFKEURGWNRPPW]XOHW]WXQGGLH$PPHPX‰
LKUGDV.LQGHLQZHQLJKLQXQWHUUHLFKHQGDIUDEHUJLEW6HVHPLLKP
]ZHL .VVH GLH OHLVH NQDOOHQ XQG ]ZLVFKHQ GHQHQ VLH VDJW ª'X
JXWHV.HQG©
'UHL0LQXWHQVSlWHUKDWPDQVLFK LP 6DORQ XQG LP :RKQ]LPPHU
JUXSSLHUW XQG GLH 6‰LJNHLWHQ PDFKHQ GLH 5XQGH $XFK 3DVWRU
3ULQJVKHLP LQ VHLQHP ODQJHQ 2UQDW XQWHU GHP GLH EUHLWHQ
EODQNJHZLFKVWHQ6WLHIHOKHUYRUVHKHQXQGVHLQHU+DOVNUDXVHVLW]WGD
QLSSW GLH NKOH 6FKODJVDKQH YRQ VHLQHU KHL‰HQ 6FKRNRODGH XQG
SODXGHUW PLW YHUNOlUWHP *HVLFKW LQ HLQHU JDQ] OHLFKWHQ $UW GLH LP
*HJHQVDW]]XVHLQHU5HGHYRQEHVRQGHUHU:LUNVDPNHLWLVW,QMHGHU
VHLQHU %HZHJXQJHQ OLHJW DXVJHGUFNW 6HKW LFK NDQQ DXFK GHQ
3ULHVWHUDEOHJHQXQGHLQJDQ]KDUPORVIU|KOLFKHV:HOWNLQGVHLQ(U
LVW HLQ JHZDQGWHU DQVFKPLHJVDPHU 0DQQ (U VSULFKW PLW GHU DOWHQ


.RQVXOLQ HLQ ZHQLJ VDOEXQJVYROO PLW 7KRPDV XQG *HUGD
ZHOWPlQQLVFK XQG PLW JODWWHQ *HElUGHQ PLW )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU LP
7RQHHLQHUKHU]OLFKHQ VFKDONKDIWHQ +HLWHUNHLW« +LHXQG GD ZHQQ
HUVLFKEHVLQQWNUHX]WHUGLH+lQGHLP6FKR‰OHJWGHQ.RSI]XUFN
YHUILQVWHUWGLH %UDXHQ XQG PDFKW HLQ ODQJHV *HVLFKW %HLP /DFKHQ
]LHKW HU GLH /XIW VWR‰ZHLVH XQG ]LVFKHQG GXUFK GLH JHVFKORVVHQHQ
=lKQHHLQ
3O|W]OLFKHQWVWHKWGUDX‰HQDXIGHP.RUULGRU%HZHJXQJ PDQK|UW
GLH 'LHQVWERWHQ ODFKHQ XQG LQ GHU 7U HUVFKHLQW HLQ VRQGHUEDUHU
*UDWXODQW(VLVW*UREOHEHQ*UREOHEHQDQGHVVHQPDJHUHU1DVH]X
MHGHU-DKUHV]HLWEHVWlQGLJHLQOlQJOLFKHU7URSIHQKlQJWRKQHMHPDOV
KLQXQWHU]XIDOOHQ *UREOHEHQ LVW HLQ 6SHLFKHUDUEHLWHU GHV .RQVXOV
XQG VHLQ %URWKHUU KDW LKP HLQHQ 1HEHQYHUGLHQVW DOV 6WLHIHOZLFKVHU
DQJHZLHVHQ)UKPRUJHQVHUVFKHLQWHULQGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HQLPPW
GDV YRU GLH 7U JHVWHOOWH 6FKXKZHUN XQG UHLQLJW HV XQWHQ DXI GHU
'LHOH %HL )DPLOLHQIHVWOLFKNHLWHQ DEHU VWHOOW HU VLFK IHLHUWlJOLFK
JHNOHLGHW HLQ EULQJW %OXPHQ XQG KlOW ZlKUHQG GHU 7URSIHQ DQ
VHLQHU1DVHEDODQFLHUWPLWZHLQHUOLFKHUXQGVDOEXQJVYROOHU6WLPPH
HLQH $QVSUDFKH ZRUDXI HU HLQ *HOGJHVFKHQN HQWJHJHQQLPPW $EHU
HUWXWHVQLFKWGDUXP
(UKDWHLQHQVFKZDU]HQ5RFNDQJH]RJHQHVLVWHLQDEJHOHJWHUGHV
.RQVXOV  WUlJW DEHU 6FKPLHUVWLHIHO PLW 6FKlIWHQ XQG HLQHQ
EODXZROOHQHQ 6FKDO XP GHQ +DOV ,Q GHU +DQG HLQHU GUUHQ URWHQ
+DQG KlOW HU HLQ JUR‰HV %XNHWW YRQ EODVVHQ HLQ ZHQLJ ]X ZHLW
HUEOKWHQ 5RVHQ GLH VLFK ]XP 7HLO ODQJVDP DXI GHQ 7HSSLFK
HQWEOlWWHUQ 6HLQH NOHLQHQ HQW]QGHWHQ $XJHQ EOLQ]HOQ XPKHU
VFKHLQEDU RKQH HWZDV ]X VHKHQ« (U EOHLEW LQ GHU 7U VWHKHQ KlOW
GHQ6WUDX‰YRUVLFKKLQXQGEHJLQQWVRIRUW]XUHGHQZlKUHQGGLHDOWH
.RQVXOLQ LKP QDFK MHGHP :RUWH HUPXQWHUQG ]XQLFNW XQG NOHLQH
HUOHLFKWHUQGH (LQZUIH PDFKW GHU .RQVXO LKQ EHWUDFKWHW LQGHP HU
HLQH VHLQHU KHOOHQ %UDXHQ HPSRU]LHKW XQG HLQLJH )DPLOLHQJOLHGHU
ZLH]XP%HLVSLHO)UDX3HUPDQHGHUGHQ0XQGPLWGHP7DVFKHQWXFK
EHGHFNHQª,FNEQPDQ¶QDUPHQ0DQQPLQH+HUUVFKDIWHQRlZHU
LFN KHZZ ¶Q HPSILQGHQG +DUW XQ GDW *OFN XQ GH )UHXG YRQ PP
+HUUQ.XQVHO%XGGHQEURRNZHOFKHUXPPHUJDXWWDXPLZHVWLVGDW
JHLKW PL QDK XQG VR EQ LFN NDPHQ XP GHQ +HUUQ .XQVHO XQ GLH
)UX.XQVHKQXQGLHJDQ]HKRFKYHUHKUWH)RPLOLXWYROOHP+DUWHQWDX


JUDWXOHHUQ XQ GDW GDW .LQG JHGHLKHQ P|J¶ GHQQ GDW YHUGHPHQ VHL
YRU*RWWXQGHQ0LQVFKHQXQGVR¶Q+HUUlV.XQVHO%XGGHQEURRN
JLZWGDWPFKYHHOHGDWLV¶QHGHOQ+HUUQXQ XQV +HUJRWW ZLUGLKQ
GDWDOOHQVORKQHQ«©
ª6R *UREOHEHQ 'DW KHZQ 6HL VFK|Q VHJW 9HHOHQ 'DQN RRN
*UREOHEHQ:DWZROOQ6HLGHQQPLWGH5RVHQ"©
$EHU *UREOHEHQ LVW QRFK QLFKW ]X (QGH HU VWUHQJW VHLQH
ZHLQHUOLFKH 6WLPPH DQ XQG EHUW|QW GLH GHV .RQVXOV ª« XQV
+HUJRWW ZLUG ,KQ GDW DOOHQV ORKQHQ VHJJ LFN ,KQ XQG GH JDQ]H
KRFKYHUHKUWH)RPLKZHQQGDWVRZLGLVXQZHQQZLYRUVLQHQ6WDXO
VWDKQGHQQHHQPDOPVVHQDOOLQGLH*UXZIDKUQDUPXQQHNGDWLV
VLQ KHLOLJHU :LOO¶ XQ 5DWVFKOX‰ XQ HHQHU NQJW µQHQ ILQHQ SROLHUWHQ
6DUJXWGHUQ+RO]XQGHDQGHUHNQJWµQHROO.LVW¶RlZHUWDX0RGHU
PVVHQ ZL DOOH ZDUQ ZL PVVHQ DOOWDX0RGHU ZDUQ WDX 0RGHU«
WDX0RGHU«©
ª1HH *UREOHEHQ :L KHEE¶P ¶QH 7DXI KW XQ 6HL PLW (HUQ
0RGHU«©
ª8QGVZDUQHLQLJH%OXPHQV©VFKOLH‰W*UREOHEHQ
ª'DQN,KQHQ*UREOHEHQ'DWLVZHUWDXYHHO:DWKHEE¶P6HLVLN
GDW NRVWHQ ODWHQ 0PVFK 8Q VR ¶QH 5HG¶ KHZZ LFN DOO ODQJ QLFK
KXUW« 1D KLHU 0DNHQ 6HL VLN ¶QHQ YHUJQHXJWHQ 'DJ© 8QG GHU
.RQVXOOHJWLKPGLH+DQGDXIGLH6FKXOWHULQGHPHULKPHLQHQ7DOHU
JLEW
ª'DJXWHU0DQQ¶©VDJWGLHDOWH.RQVXOLQª+DEHQ6LHDXFK,KUHQ
+HLODQGOLHE"©
ª'HQKHZZLFNYRQ+DUWHQOHLZ)UX.XQVHKQGDWLVVRZRDKU«©
8QG *UREOHEHQ QLPPW DXFK YRQ LKU HLQHQ 7DOHU LQ (PSIDQJ XQG
GDQQ HLQHQ GULWWHQ YRQ 0DGDPH 3HUPDQHGHU ZRUDXI HU VLFK XQWHU
.UDW]I‰HQ ]XUFN]LHKW XQG GLH 5RVHQ VRZHLW VLH QRFK QLFKW DXI
GHP7HSSLFKKHJHQLQ*HGDQNHQZLHGHUPLWQLPPW«
1XQ LVW GHU %UJHUPHLVWHU DXIJHEURFKHQ  GHU .RQVXO KDW LKQ
KLQXQWHU ]XP :DJHQ JHOHLWHW  XQG GDV LVW GDV =HLFKHQ ]XP
$EVFKLHGH DXFK IU GLH EULJHQ *lVWH GHQQ *HUGD %XGGHQEURRN
EHGDUI GHU 6FKRQXQJ (V ZLUG VWLOO LQ GHQ =LPPHUQ 'LH DOWH
.RQVXOLQ PLW7RQ\ (ULND XQG 0DPVHOO-XQJPDQQ VLQG GLHOHW]WHQ
ª-D ,GD© VDJW GHU .RQVXO ªLFK KDEH PLU JHGDFKW  XQG PHLQH


0XWWHULVWHLQYHUVWDQGHQ±6LHKDEHQXQVDOOHHLQPDOJHSIOHJWXQG
ZHQQGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQHLQEL‰FKHQJU|‰HULVW«MHW]WKDWHUQRFKGLH
$PPH XQG QDFK LKU ZLUG ZRKO HLQH .LQGHUIUDX Q|WLJ VHLQ DEHU
KDEHQ6LH/XVWGDQQ]XXQVEHU]XVLHGHOQ"©
ª-DMD+HUU.RQVXOXQG ZHQQ¶V ,KUHU )UDX *HPDKOLQ ZLUG UHFKW
VHLQ«©
$XFK *HUGD LVW ]XIULHGHQ PLW GLHVHP 3ODQ XQG VR ZLUG GHU
9RUVFKODJVFKRQMHW]W]XP%HVFKOX‰
%HLP:HJJHKHQDEHUVFKRQLQGHU7UZHQGHW)UDX3HUPDQHGHU
VLFKQRFKHLQPDOXP6LHNHKUW]XLKUHP%UXGHU]XUFNN‰WLKQDXI
EHLGH:DQJHQXQGVDJWª'DVLVWHLQVFK|QHU7DJ7RPLFKELQVR
JOFNOLFK ZLH VHLW PDQFKHP -DKU QLFKW PHKU :LU %XGGHQEURRNV
SIHLIHQ QRFK QLFKW DXV GHP OHW]WHQ /RFK *RWW VHL 'DQN ZHU GDV
JODXEWGHULUUWLPK|FKVWHQ*UDGH-HW]WZRGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQGDLVW
HVLVWVRVFK|QGD‰ZLULKQZLHGHU-RKDQQJHQDQQWKDEHQMHW]WLVW
PLUDOVREQRFKHLQPDOHLQHJDQ]QHXH=HLWNRPPHQPX‰©

=ZHLWHV.DSLWHO

&KULVWLDQ%XGGHQEURRN,QKDEHUGHU)LUPD¾+&)%XUPHHVWHU
&RPS½ ]X +DPEXUJ VHLQHQ PRGLVFKHQ JUDXHQ +XW XQG VHLQHQ
JHOEHQ 6WRFN PLW GHU 1RQQHQEVWH LQ GHU +DQG NDP LQ GDV
:RKQ]LPPHU VHLQHV %UXGHUV GHU PLW *HUGD OHVHQG EHLVDPPHQVD‰
(V ZDU KDOE ]HKQ 8KU DP $EHQG GHV 7DXIWDJHV ª*XWHQ $EHQG©
VDJWH &KULVWLDQ ª$FK 7KRPDV LFK PX‰ GLFK PDO GULQJHQG
VSUHFKHQ«(QWVFKXOGLJH*HUGD«(VHLOW7KRPDV©
6LH JLQJHQ LQ GDV GXQNOH 6SHLVH]LPPHU KLQEHU ZRVHOEVW GHU
.RQVXO HLQH GHU *DVODPSHQ DQ GHU :DQG HQW]QGHWH XQG VHLQHQ
%UXGHUEHWUDFKWHWH,KPDKQWHQLFKWV*XWHV(UKDWWHDEJHVHKHQYRQ
GHUHUVWHQ%HJU‰XQJQRFKQLFKW*HOHJHQKHLWJHKDEWPLW&KULVWLDQ
]X VSUHFKHQ DEHU HU KDWWH LKQ KHXWH ZlKUHQG GHU )HLHUOLFKNHLW
DXIPHUNVDPEHREDFKWHWXQGJHVHKHQGD‰HUXQJHZ|KQOLFKHUQVWXQG
XQUXKLJJHZHVHQZDUMDGD‰HULP9HUODXIHYRQ3DVWRU3ULQJVKHLPV


5HGHHLQPDOVRJDUDXVLUJHQGZHOFKHQ*UQGHQGHQ6DDOIUPHKUHUH
0LQXWHQ YHUODVVHQ KDWWH« 7KRPDV KDWWH LKP NHLQH =HLOH PHKU
JHVFKULHEHQ VHLW MHQHP 7DJH LQ +DPEXUJ DQ GHP &KULVWLDQ
]HKQWDXVHQG 0DUN .XUDQW YRQ VHLQHP (UEH LP YRUDXV DXV VHLQHQ
+lQGHQ]XU'HFNXQJYRQ6FKXOGHQHPSIDQJHQª)DKUHQXUVRIRUW©
KDWWHGHU.RQVXOJHVDJWª'DQQZHUGHQGHLQH*URVFKHQUDVFKYHUWDQ
VHLQ:DVPLFKEHWULIIWLFKKRIIHGD‰GXNQIWLJUHFKWZHQLJPHLQH
:HJH NUHX]HQ ZLUVW 'X KDVW PHLQH )UHXQGVFKDIW ZlKUHQG DOO GHU
-DKUH DXI ]X KDUWH 3UREHQ JHVWHOOW«© :DUXP NDP HU MHW]W" (WZDV
'ULQJHQGHVPX‰WHLKQWUHLEHQ«ª1XQ"©IUDJWHGHU.RQVXO
ª,FKNDQQHVQXQQLFKWPHKU©DQWZRUWHWH&KULVWLDQLQGHPHUVLFK
+XWXQG6WRFN]ZLVFKHQGHQPDJHUHQ.QLHQVHLWZlUWVDXIHLQHPGHU
KRFKOHKQLJHQ6WKOHQLHGHUOLH‰GLHGHQ(‰WLVFKXPVWDQGHQ
ª'DUILFKIUDJHQZDVGXQXQ QLFKWPHKUNDQQVWXQGZDVGLFK]X
PLUIKUW"©VDJWHGHU.RQVXOGHUVWHKHQEOLHE
ª,FK NDQQ HV QXQ QLFKW PHKU© ZLHGHUKROWH &KULVWLDQ GUHKWH PLW
IUFKWHUOLFKXQUXKLJHP(UQVWVHLQHQ.RSIKLQXQGKHUXQGOLH‰VHLQH
NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ VFKZHLIHQ (U ]lKOWH MHW]W
GUHLXQGGUHL‰LJ-DKUHDEHUHUVDKZHLWlOWHUDXV6HLQU|WOLFKEORQGHV
+DDUZDUVRVWDUNJHOLFKWHWGD‰IDVWVFKRQGLHJDQ]H6FKlGHOGHFNH
IUHLODJ hEHU GHQ WLHI HLQJHIDOOHQHQ :DQJHQ WUDWHQ GLH .QRFKHQ
VFKDUI KHUYRU GD]ZLVFKHQ DEHU EXFNHOWH VLFK QDFNW IOHLVFKORV
KDJHU LQ XQJHKHXUHU :|OEXQJ VHLQH JUR‰H 1DVH« ª:HQQ HV QXU
GLHVZlUH©IXKUHUIRUWLQGHPHUPLWGHU+DQGDQVHLQHUOLQNHQ6HLWH
KLQXQWHUVWULFK RKQH VHLQHQ .|USHU ]X EHUKUHQ« ª(V LVW NHLQ
6FKPHU] HV LVW HLQH 4XDO ZHL‰W GX HLQH EHVWlQGLJH XQEHVWLPPWH
4XDO'RNWRU'U|JHPOOHULQ+DPEXUJKDWPLUJHVDJWGD‰DQGLHVHU
6HLWHDOOH1HUYHQ]XNXU]VLQG«6WHOOHGLUYRUDQGHUJDQ]HQOLQNHQ
6HLWH VLQG DOOH 1HUYHQ ]X NXU] EHL PLU (V LVW VR VRQGHUEDU«
PDQFKPDO LVW PLU DOV RE KLHU DQ GHU 6HLWH LUJHQGHLQ .UDPSI RGHU
HLQH /lKPXQJ VWDWWILQGHQ P‰WH HLQH /lKPXQJ IU LPPHU« 'X
KDVW NHLQH 9RUVWHOOXQJ« .HLQHQ $EHQG VFKODIH LFK RUGHQWOLFK HLQ
,FK IDKUH DXI ZHLO SO|W]OLFK PHLQ +HU] QLFKW PHKU NORSIW XQG LFK
HLQHQ JDQ] HQWVHW]OLFKHQ 6FKUHFN EHNRPPH« 'DV JHVFKLHKW QLFKW
HLQPDOVRQGHUQ]HKQPDOEHYRULFKHLQVFKODIH,FKZHL‰QLFKWREGX
HVNHQQVW«LFKZLOOHVGLUJDQ]JHQDXEHVFKUHLEHQ(VLVW«©


ª/D‰ QXU© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO NDOW ª,FK QHKPH QLFKW DQ GD‰ GX
KLHUKHUJHNRPPHQELVWXPPLUGLHV]XHU]lKOHQ"©
ª1HLQ7KRPDVZHQQHVQXUGDVZlUHDEHUGDVLVWHVQLFKWDOOHLQ
(VLVWPLWGHP*HVFKlIW«,FKNDQQHVQXQQLFKWPHKU©
ª'XELVWZLHGHULQ8QRUGQXQJ"©'HU.RQVXOIXKUQLFKWHLQPDODXI
HUZXUGHQLFKWPHKUODXW(UIUDJWHHVJDQ]UXKLJZlKUHQGHUVHLQHQ
%UXGHUYRQGHU6HLWHPLWHLQHUPGHQ.lOWHDQVDK
ª1HLQ7KRPDV8QGXPGLH:DKUKHLW]XVDJHQHVLVWMDQXQGRFK
JOHLFKLFKELQQLHPDOVUHFKWLQ2UGQXQJJHNRPPHQDXFKGXUFKGLH
]HKQWDXVHQG GDPDOV QLFKW ZLH GX VHOEVW ZHL‰W« 'LH ZDUHQ
HLJHQWOLFK QXU GDPLW LFK QLFKW JOHLFK ]X]XPDFKHQ EUDXFKWH 'LH
6DFKH LVW GLH« ,FK KDEH JOHLFK GDUDXI QRFK 9HUOXVWH JHKDEW LQ
.DIIHH«XQGEHLGHP%DQNHURWWLQ$QWZHUSHQ«'DVLVWZDKU$EHU
GDQQ KDEH LFK HLJHQWOLFK JDU QLFKWV PHKU JHWDQ XQG PLFK VWLOO
YHUKDOWHQ $EHU PDQ PX‰ GRFK OHEHQ« XQG QXQ VLQG GD :HFKVHO
XQG DQGHUH 6FKXOGHQ« IQIWDXVHQG 7DOHU« $FK GX ZHL‰W QLFKW
ZLHVHKULFKKHUXQWHUELQ8QG]XDOOHPGLHVH4XDO«©
ª$OVRGXKDVWGLFKVWLOOYHUKDOWHQ©VFKULHGHU.RQVXODX‰HUVLFK
,QGLHVHP$XJHQEOLFNYHUORUHUGHQQRFKGLH)DVVXQJª'XKDVWGLH
.DUUH LP 'UHFN JHODVVHQ XQG GLFK DQGHUZHLWLJ XQWHUKDOWHQ 0HLQVW
GXGD‰LFKQLFKWYRU$XJHQVHKHZLHGXJHOHEWKDVWLP7KHDWHUXQG
LP=LUNXVXQGLQ.OXEVXQGPLWPLQGHUZHUWLJHQ)UDXHQ]LPPHUQ«©
ª'X PHLQVW $OLQH« -D IU GLHVH 'LQJH KDVW GX ZHQLJ 6LQQ
7KRPDV XQG HV LVW YLHOOHLFKW PHLQ 8QJOFN GD‰ LFK ]X YLHO 6LQQ
GDIUKDEHGHQQGDQQKDVWGXUHFKWGD‰HVPLFK]XYLHOJHNRVWHWKDW
XQG QRFK LPPHU ]LHPOLFK YLHO NRVWHQ ZLUG GHQQ LFK ZLOO GLU HLQHV
VDJHQ« ZLU VLQG KLHU XQWHU XQV %UGHUQ« 'DV GULWWH .LQG GDV
NOHLQH0lGFKHQGDVVHLWHLQHPKDOEHQ-DKUHGDLVW«HVLVWYRQPLU©
ª(VHO©
ª6DJH GDV QLFKW 7KRPDV 'X PX‰W JHUHFKW VHLQ DXFK LP =RUQH
JHJHQVLHXQGJHJHQ«ZDUXPVROOWHHVQLFKWYRQPLUVHLQ:DVDEHU
$OLQHEHWULIIWVRLVWVLHGXUFKDXVQLFKWPLQGHUZHUWLJVRHWZDVGDUIVW
GXQLFKWVDJHQ(VLVWLKUNHLQHVZHJVJOHLFKJOWLJPLWZHPVLHOHEW
XQGVLHKDWPHLQHWZHJHQPLW.RQVXO+ROPJHEURFKHQGHUYLHOPHKU
*HOGKDWDOVLFKVRJXWLVWVLHJHVLQQW1HLQGXKDVWNHLQHQ%HJULII
7KRPDVZDVIUHLQSUDFKWYROOHV*HVFK|SIGDVLVW6LHLVWVRJHVXQG


«VRJHVXQG«©ZLHGHUKROWH&KULVWLDQLQGHPHUHLQH+DQGLKUHQ
5FNHQ QDFK DX‰HQ PLW JHNUPPWHQ )LQJHUQ YRUV *HVLFKW KLHOW
lKQOLFKZLHHU]XWXQSIOHJWHZHQQHUYRQ¾7KDW¶V0DULD½XQGGHP
¾/DVWHU½LQ/RQGRQHU]lKOWHª'XVROOWHVWQXULKUH=lKQHVHKHQZHQQ
VLH ODFKW ,FK KDEH VROFKH =lKQH DXI GHU JDQ]HQ :HOW QRFK QLFKW
JHIXQGHQLQ9DOSDUDLVRQLFKWXQGLQ/RQGRQQLFKW«,FKZHUGHQLH
GHQ $EHQG YHUJHVVHQ DOV LFK VLH NHQQHQOHUQWH« EHL 8KOLFK LQ GHU
$XVWHUQVWXEH« 6LH KLHOW HV GDPDOV PLW .RQVXO +ROP DEHU LFK
HU]lKOWHHLQEL‰FKHQXQGZDUHLQEL‰FKHQQHWW]XLKU«8QGDOVLFK
VLH GDQQ QDFKKHU EHNDP« WMD 7KRPDV 'DV LVW HLQ JDQ] DQGHUHV
*HIKO DOV ZHQQ PDQ HLQ JXWHV *HVFKlIW PDFKW« $EHU GX K|UVW
QLFKWJHUQYRQVROFKHQ'LQJHQLFKVHKHHVGLUDXFKMHW]WZLHGHUDQ
XQG HV LVW QXQ MD DXFK ]X (QGH ,FK ZHUGH LKU QXQ $GLHX VDJHQ
REJOHLFK LFK MD ZHJHQ GHV .LQGHV PLW LKU LQ 9HUELQGXQJ EOHLEHQ
ZHUGH«,FKZLOOLQ+DPEXUJDOOHVEH]DKOHQZDV LFK VFKXOGLJ ELQ
YHUVWHKVWGXXQGGDQQ]XPDFKHQ,FKNDQQHVQXQQLFKWPHKU0LW
0XWWHU KDEH LFK JHVSURFKHQXQG VLH ZLOO PLU DXFK GLH IQIWDXVHQG
7DOHULPYRUDXVJHEHQGDPLWLFK2UGQXQJPDFKHQNDQQXQGGDPLW
ZLUVWGXHLQYHUVWDQGHQVHLQGHQQHVLVWGRFKEHVVHUPDQVDJWJDQ]
HLQIDFK &KULVWLDQ %XGGHQEURRN OLTXLGLHUW XQG JHKW LQV $XVODQG«
DOV ZHQQ LFK %DQNHURWW PDFKH GDQQ ZLUVW GX PLU UHFKW JHEHQ ,FK
ZLOO QlPOLFK ZLHGHU QDFK /RQGRQ JHKHQ 7KRPDV LQ /RQGRQ HLQH
6WHOOHDQQHKPHQ'LH6HOEVWlQGLJNHLWLVWVRJDUQLFKWVIUPLFKGDV
PHUNH LFK PHKU XQG PHKU 'LHVH 9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLW« $OV
$QJHVWHOOWHUJHKWPDQDEHQGVVRUJORVQDFK+DXVH«8QGLQ/RQGRQ
ELQLFKJHUQJHZHVHQ«+DVWGXHWZDVGDJHJHQ"©
'HU .RQVXO KDWWH ZlKUHQG GLHVHU JDQ]HQ $XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJ
VHLQHP %UXGHU GHQ 5FNHQ ]XJHZDQGW XQG GLH +lQGH LQ GHQ
+RVHQWDVFKHQPLWHLQHP)X‰H)LJXUHQDXIGHP%RGHQEHVFKULHEHQ
ª6FK|Q JHKH DOVR QDFK /RQGRQ© VDJWH HU JDQ] HLQIDFK 8QG RKQH
VLFK DXFK QXU KDOEZHJV QRFK HLQPDO QDFK &KULVWLDQ XP]XZHQGHQ
OLH‰HULKQKLQWHUVLFKXQGVFKULWW]XP:RKQ]LPPHU]XUFN
$EHU&KULVWLDQIROJWHLKP(UJLQJDXI*HUGD]XGLHGRUWDOOHLQEHL
GHU /HNWUH VD‰ XQG JDE LKU GLH +DQG ª*XWH 1DFKW *HUGD -D
*HUGD LFK JHKH QXQ DOVR GHPQlFKVW ZLHGHU QDFK /RQGRQ
0HUNZUGLJ ZLH PDQ XPKHUJHZRUIHQ ZLUG 1XQ ZLHGHU VR LQV
8QJHZLVVHZHL‰WGXLQVROFKHJUR‰H6WDGWZRHVEHLMHGHPGULWWHQ


6FKULWW HLQ $EHQWHXHU JLEW XQG PDQ VR YLHO HUOHEHQ NDQQ
6RQGHUEDU«NHQQVWGXGDV*HIKO"(VVLW]WKLHUXQJHIlKULP0DJHQ
«JDQ]VRQGHUEDU«©

'ULWWHV.DSLWHO

-DPHV 0|OOHQGRUSI GHU lOWHVWH NDXIPlQQLVFKH 6HQDWRU VWDUE DXI


JURWHVNHXQGVFKDXHUOLFKH:HLVH'LHVHPGLDEHWLVFKHQ*UHLVHZDUHQ
GLH6HOEVWHUKDOWXQJVLQVWLQNWHVRVHKUDEKDQGHQJHNRPPHQGD‰HULQ
GHQOHW]WHQ-DKUHQVHLQHV/HEHQVPHKUXQGPHKUHLQHU/HLGHQVFKDIW
IU.XFKHQXQG7RUWHQXQWHUOHJHQZDU'RNWRU*UDERZGHUDXFKEHL
0|OOHQGRUSIV +DXVDU]W ZDU KDWWH PLW DOOHU (QHUJLH GHUHQ HU IlKLJ
ZDU SURWHVWLHUW XQG GLH EHVRUJWH )DPLOLH KDWWH LKUHP 2EHUKDXSWH
GDV V‰H *HElFN PLW VDQIWHU *HZDOW HQW]RJHQ :DV DEHU KDWWH GHU
6HQDWRUJHWDQ"*HLVWLJJHEURFKHQZLHHUZDUKDWWHHUVLFKLUJHQGZR
LQHLQHUXQVWDQGHVJHPl‰HQ6WUD‰HLQGHU.OHLQHQ*U|SHOJUXEH $Q
GHU0DXHURGHULP(QJHOVZLVFKHLQ=LPPHUJHPLHWHWHLQH.DPPHU
HLQZDKUHV/RFKZRKLQHUVLFKKHLPOLFKJHVFKOLFKHQKDWWHXP7RUWH
]XHVVHQ«XQGGRUWIDQGPDQDXFKGHQ(QWVHHOWHQGHQ0XQGQRFK
YROO KDOE ]HUNDXWHQ .XFKHQV GHVVHQ 5HVWH VHLQHQ 5RFN EHIOHFNWHQ
XQG DXI GHP lUPOLFKHQ 7LVFKH XPKHUODJHQ (LQ W|GOLFKHU
6FKODJDQIDOOZDUGHUODQJVDPHQ$XV]HKUXQJ]XYRUJHNRPPHQ
'LH ZLGHUOLFKHQ (LQ]HOKHLWHQ GLHVHV 7RGHVIDOOHV ZXUGHQ YRQ GHU
)DPLOLHQDFK0|JOLFKNHLWJHKHLPJHKDOWHQDEHUVLHYHUEUHLWHWHQVLFK
UDVFKLQGHU6WDGWXQGELOGHWHQGHQ*HVSUlFKVVWRIIDQGHU%|UVHLP
.OXELQGHU¾+DUPRQLH½LQGHQ&RPSWRLUVLQGHU%UJHUVFKDIWXQG
DXIGHQ%lOOHQ'LQHUVXQG$EHQGJHVHOOVFKDIWHQGHQQGDV(UHLJQLV
ILHO LQ GHQ )HEUXDU  GHQ )HEUXDU GHV -DKUHV   XQG GDV
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH /HEHQ ZDU QRFK LQ YROOHP *DQJH 6HOEVW GLH
)UHXQGLQQHQ GHU .RQVXOLQ %XGGHQEURRN HU]lKOWHQ VLFK DP
-HUXVDOHPVDEHQG YRQ 6HQDWRU 0|OOHQGRUSIV 7RGH ZHQQ /HD
*HUKDUGW LP 9RUOHVHQ HLQH 3DXVH PDFKWH VHOEVW GLH NOHLQHQ
6RQQWDJVVFKOHULQQHQ IOVWHUWHQ GDYRQ ZHQQ VLH HKUIUFKWLJ EHU
GLH JUR‰H %XGGHQEURRN¶VFKH 'LHOH JLQJHQ XQG +HUU 6WXKW LQ GHU


*ORFNHQJLH‰HUVWUD‰HKDWWHPLWVHLQHU)UDXGLHLQGHQHUVWHQ.UHLVHQ
YHUNHKUWHHLQHDXVIKUOLFKH8QWHUUHGXQJGDUEHU
$OOHP GDV ,QWHUHVVH NRQQWH QLFKW ODQJH DXI GDV =XUFNOLHJHQGH
JHULFKWHWEOHLEHQ*OHLFKPLWGHPHUVWHQ*HUFKWYRQGHP$EOHEHQ
GLHVHV DOWHQ 5DWVKHUUQ ZDU GLH HLQH JUR‰H )UDJH DXIJHWDXFKW« DOV
DEHUGLH(UGHLKQGHFNWHZDUHVGLHVH)UDJHDOOHLQGLHDOOH*HPWHU
EHKHUUVFKWH:HULVWGHU1DFKIROJHU"
:HOFKH 6SDQQXQJ XQG ZHOFKH XQWHULUGLVFKH *HVFKlIWLJNHLW 'HU
)UHPGHGHUJHNRPPHQLVWGLHPLWWHODOWHUOLFKHQ6HKHQVZUGLJNHLWHQ
XQGGLHDQPXWLJH8PJHEXQJGHU6WDGWLQ$XJHQVFKHLQ]XQHKPHQ
PHUNW QLFKWV GDYRQ DEHU ZHOFK 7UHLEHQ XQWHU GHU 2EHUIOlFKH
:HOFKH $JLWDWLRQ (KUHQIHVWH JHVXQGH YRQ NHLQHU 6NHSVLV
DQJHNUlQNHOWH 0HLQXQJHQ SODW]HQ DXIHLQDQGHU SROWHUQ YRU
hEHU]HXJXQJ SUIHQ HLQDQGHU XQG YHUVWlQGLJHQ VLFK ODQJVDP
ODQJVDP 'LH /HLGHQVFKDIWHQ VLQG DXIJHUHJW (KUJHL] XQG (LWHONHLW
ZKOHQ LP VWLOOHQ (LQJHVDUJWH +RIIQXQJHQ UHJHQ VLFK VWHKHQ DXI
XQGZHUGHQHQWWlXVFKW'HUDOWH.DXIPDQQ.XU]LQGHU%HFNHUJUXEH
GHUEHLMHGHU:DKOGUHLRGHUYLHU6WLPPHQHUKlOWZLUGZLHGHUXPDP
:DKOWDJH EHEHQG LQ VHLQHU :RKQXQJ VLW]HQ XQG GHV 5XIHV KDUUHQ
DEHUHUZLUGDXFKGLHVPDOQLFKWJHZlKOWZHUGHQHUZLUGIRUWIDKUHQ
PLW HLQHU 0LHQH YROO %LHGHUVLQQ XQG 6HOEVW]XIULHGHQKHLW GDV
7URWWRLU PLW VHLQHP 6SD]LHUVWRFN ]X VWR‰HQ XQG HU ZLUG VLFK PLW
GLHVHP KHLPOLFKHQ *UDPH LQV *UDE OHJHQ QLFKW 6HQDWRU JHZRUGHQ
]XVHLQ«
$OV -DPHV 0|OOHQGRUSIV 7RG DP 'RQQHUVWDJH EHLP
%XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ )DPLOLHQPLWWDJHVVHQ EHVSURFKHQ ZRUGHQ ZDU
KDWWH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU QDFK HLQLJHQ $XVGUXFNHQ GHV %HGDXHUQV
EHJRQQHQLKUH=XQJHQVSLW]HDQGHU2EHUOLSSHVSLHOHQ]XODVVHQXQG
YHUVFKODJHQ ]X LKUHP %UXGHU KLQEHU]XEOLFNHQ ZDV GLH 'DPHQ
%XGGHQEURRN YHUDQOD‰W KDWWH XQEHVFKUHLEOLFK VSLW]LJH %OLFNH ]X
WDXVFKHQ XQG GDQQ VlPWOLFK ZLH DXI .RPPDQGR ZlKUHQG HLQHU
6HNXQGH$XJHQXQG/LSSHQJDQ]IHVW]XVFKOLH‰HQ'HU.RQVXOKDWWH
HLQHQ 0RPHQW GDV OLVWLJH /lFKHOQ VHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU HUZLGHUW XQG
GDQQGHP*HVSUlFKHHLQHDQGHUH5LFKWXQJJHJHEHQ(UZX‰WHGD‰
PDQ LQ GHU 6WDGW GHQ *HGDQNHQ DXVVSUDFK GHQ 7RQ\ JOFNVHOLJ LQ
VLFKEHZHJWH«


1DPHQ ZXUGHQ JHQDQQW XQG YHUZRUIHQ $QGHUH WDXFKWHQ DXI XQG
ZXUGHQJHVLFKWHW+HQQLQJ.XU]LQGHU%HFNHUJUXEHZDU]XDOW(LQH
IULVFKH .UDIW ZDU HQGOLFK YRQQ|WHQ .RQVXO +XQHXV GHU
+RO]KlQGOHU GHVVHQ 0LOOLRQHQ EULJHQV QLFKW OHLFKW LQV *HZLFKW
JHIDOOHQ ZlUHQ ZDU YHUIDVVXQJVPl‰LJ DXVJHVFKORVVHQ ZHLO VHLQ
%UXGHU GHP 6HQDWH DQJHK|UWH .RQVXO (GXDUG .LVWHQPDNHU GHU
:HLQKlQGOHU XQG .RQVXO +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P EHKDXSWHWHQ VLFK
DXIGHU/LVWH9RQ$QIDQJDQDEHUNODQJEHVWlQGLJGLHVHU1DPHPLW
7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRN8QGMHPHKUGHU:DKOWDJVLFKQlKHUWHGHVWR
NODUHU ZDUG HV GD‰ HU ]XVDPPHQ PLW +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P GLH
PHLVWHQ&KDQFHQEHVD‰
.HLQ =ZHLIHO +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P KDWWH $QKlQJHU XQG
%HZXQGHUHU 6HLQ (LIHU LQ |IIHQWOLFKHQ $QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ GLH
IUDSSLHUHQGH 6FKQHOOLJNHLW PLW GHU GLH )LUPD ¾6WUXQFN
+DJHQVWU|P½HPSRUJHEOKWZDUXQGVLFKHQWIDOWHWKDWWHGHV.RQVXOV
OX[XUL|VH /HEHQVIKUXQJ GDV +DXV GDV HU IKUWH XQG GLH
*lQVHOHEHUSDVWHWH GLH HU IUKVWFNWH YHUIHKOWHQ QLFKW LKUHQ
(LQGUXFN ]X PDFKHQ 'LHVHU JUR‰H HLQ ZHQLJ ]X IHWWH 0DQQ PLW
VHLQHP U|WOLFKHQ NXU]JHKDOWHQHQ 9ROOEDUW XQG VHLQHU HLQ ZHQLJ ]X
SODWW DXI GHU 2EHUOLSSH KHJHQGHQ 1DVH GLHVHU 0DQQ GHVVHQ
*UR‰YDWHU QRFK QLHPDQG XQG HU VHOEVW QLFKW JHNDQQW KDWWH GHVVHQ
9DWHU LQIROJH VHLQHU UHLFKHQ DEHU ]ZHLIHOKDIWHQ +HLUDW
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFK QRFK EHLQDKH XQP|JOLFK JHZHVHQ ZDU XQG GHU
GHQQRFK YHUVFKZlJHUW VRZRKO PLW GHQ +XQHXV DOV PLW GHQ
0|OOHQGRUSIV VHLQHQ 1DPHQ GHQMHQLJHQ GHU IQI RGHU VHFKV
KHUUVFKHQGHQ )DPLOLHQ DQJHUHLKW XQG JOHLFKJHVWHOOW KDWWH ZDU
XQOHXJEDU HLQH PHUNZUGLJH XQG UHVSHNWDEOH (UVFKHLQXQJ LQ GHU
6WDGW'DV1HXDUWLJHXQGGDPLW5HL]YROOHVHLQHU3HUV|QOLFKNHLWGDV
ZDV LKQ DXV]HLFKQHWH XQG LKP LQ GHQ $XJHQ YLHOHU HLQH IKUHQGH
6WHOOXQJ JDE ZDU GHU OLEHUDOH XQG WROHUDQWH *UXQG]XJ VHLQHV
:HVHQV 'LH OHJHUH XQG JUR‰]JLJH $UW PLW GHU HU *HOG YHUGLHQWH
XQGYHUDXVJDEWHZDUHWZDVDQGHUHVDOVGLH]lKHJHGXOGLJHXQGYRQ
VWUHQJ EHUOLHIHUWHQ 3ULQ]LSLHQ JHOHLWHWH $UEHLW VHLQHU
NDXIPlQQLVFKHQ 0LWEUJHU 'LHVHU 0DQQ VWDQG IUHL YRQ GHQ
KHPPHQGHQ)HVVHOQGHU7UDGLWLRQXQGGHU3LHWlWDXIVHLQHQHLJHQHQ
)‰HQ XQG DOOHV $OWPRGLVFKH ZDU LKP IUHPG (U EHZRKQWH NHLQHV
GHU DOWHQ PLW XQVLQQLJHU 5DXPYHUVFKZHQGXQJ JHEDXWHQ


3DWUL]LHUKlXVHU XP GHUHQ XQJHKHXUH 6WHLQGLHOHQ VLFK ZHL‰ODFNLHUWH
*DOHULHQ ]RJHQ 6HLQ +DXV LQ GHU 6DQGVWUD‰H  GHU VGOLFKHQ
9HUOlQJHUXQJ GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H  PLW VFKOLFKWHU gOIDVVDGH
SUDNWLVFK DXVJHEHXWHWHQ 5DXPYHUKlOWQLVVHQ XQG UHLFKHU HOHJDQWHU
EHTXHPHU (LQULFKWXQJ ZDU QHX XQG MHGHV VWHLIHQ 6WLOHV EDU
hEULJHQVKDWWHHULQGLHVHVVHLQ+DXVQRFKYRUNXU]HPJHOHJHQWOLFK
HLQHU VHLQHU JU|‰HUHQ $EHQGJHVHOOVFKDIWHQ HLQH DQV 6WDGWWKHDWHU
HQJDJLHUWH 6lQJHULQ JHODGHQ KDWWH VLH QDFK 7LVFKH YRU VHLQHQ
*lVWHQ XQWHU GHQHQ VLFK DXFK VHLQ NXQVWOLHEHQGHU XQG
VFK|QJHLVWLJHU%UXGHUGHU5HFKWVJHOHKUWHEHIDQGVLQJHQODVVHQXQG
GLH'DPHDXIVJOlQ]HQGVWHKRQRULHUW(UZDUQLFKWGHU0DQQLQGHU
%UJHUVFKDIW GLH %HZLOOLJXQJ JU|‰HUHU *HOGVXPPHQ ]XU
5HVWDXULHUXQJ XQG (UKDOWXQJ GHU PLWWHODOWHUOLFKHQ 'HQNPlOHU ]X
EHIUZRUWHQ'D‰HUDEHUGHUHUVWHDEVROXWLQGHUJDQ]HQ 6WDGW GHU
HUVWHJHZHVHQZDU GHUVHLQH :RKQUlXPH XQG VHLQH &RPSWRLUV PLW
*DV EHOHXFKWHW KDWWH ZDU 7DWVDFKH *HZL‰ ZHQQ .RQVXO
+DJHQVWU|P LUJHQGHLQHU 7UDGLWLRQ OHEWH VR ZDU HV GLH YRQ VHLQHP
9DWHUGHPDOWHQ+LQULFK+DJHQVWU|PEHUQRPPHQHXQEHVFKUlQNWH
IRUWJHVFKULWWHQH GXOGVDPH XQG YRUXUWHLOVIUHLH 'HQNXQJVDUW XQG
KLHUDXIJUQGHWHVLFKGLH%HZXQGHUXQJGLHHUJHQR‰
'DV3UHVWLJH7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNVZDUDQGHUHU$UW(UZDUQLFKW
QXU HU VHOEVW PDQ HKUWH LQ LKP QRFK GLH XQYHUJHVVHQHQ
3HUV|QOLFKNHLWHQ VHLQHV 9DWHUV *UR‰YDWHUV XQG 8UJUR‰YDWHUV XQG
DEJHVHKHQ YRQ VHLQHQ HLJHQHQ JHVFKlIWOLFKHQ XQG |IIHQWOLFKHQ
(UIROJHQZDUHUGHU7UlJHUHLQHVKXQGHUWMlKULJHQ%UJHUUXKPHV'LH
OHLFKWH JHVFKPDFNYROOH XQG EH]ZLQJHQG OLHEHQVZUGLJH $UW
IUHLOLFK LQ GHU HU LKQ UHSUlVHQWLHUWH XQG YHUZHUWHWH ZDU ZRKO GDV
:LFKWLJVWH XQG ZDV LKQ DXV]HLFKQHWH ZDU HLQ VHOEVW XQWHU VHLQHQ
JHOHKUWHQ0LWEUJHUQ JDQ] XQJHZ|KQOLFKHU *UDG IRUPDOHU %LOGXQJ
GHU ZR HU VLFK lX‰HUWH HEHQVRYLHO %HIUHPGXQJ ZLH 5HVSHNW
HUUHJWH«
'RQQHUVWDJVEHL%XGGHQEURRNVZDUYRQGHUEHYRUVWHKHQGHQ:DKO
LQ *HJHQZDUW GHV .RQVXOV PHLVW QXU LQ )RUP YRQ NXU]HQ XQG IDVW
JOHLFKJOWLJHQ %HPHUNXQJHQ GLH 5HGHEHLGHQHQ GLH DOWH .RQVXOLQ
GLVNUHW LKUH KHOOHQ $XJHQ EHLVHLWH VFKZHLIHQ OLH‰ +LH XQG GD DEHU
NRQQWH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU VLFKWURW]GHP QLFKWHQWEUHFKHQHLQ ZHQLJ
PLW LKUHU HUVWDXQOLFKHQ .HQQWQLV GHU 6WDDWVYHUIDVVXQJ ]X SUXQNHQ


GHUHQ 6DW]XQJHQ VLH VRZHLW VLH GLH :DKO HLQHV 6HQDWVPLWJOLHGHV
EHWUDIHQ HEHQVRHLQJHKHQG VWXGLHUW KDWWH ZLH YRU-DKU XQG7DJ GLH
6FKHLGXQJVSDUDJUDSKHQ 6LH VSUDFK GDQQ YRQ :DKONDPPHUQ
:DKOEUJHUQ XQG 6WLPP]HWWHOQ HUZRJ DOOH GHQNEDUHQ
(YHQWXDOLWlWHQ ]LWLHUWH Z|UWOLFK XQG RKQH $QVWR‰ GHQ IHLHUOLFKHQ
(LG GHU YRQ GHQ :lKOHUQ ]X OHLVWHQ LVW HU]lKOWH YRQ GHU
ªIUHLPWLJHQ %HVSUHFKXQJ© GLH YHUIDVVXQJVPl‰LJ YRQ GHQ
HLQ]HOQHQ :DKONDPPHUQ EHU DOOH GLHMHQLJHQ YRUJHQRPPHQ ZLUG
GHUHQ1DPHQDXIGHU.DQGLGDWHQOLVWHVWHKHQXQGJDEGHPOHEKDIWHQ
:XQVFKH $XVGUXFN DQ GHU ªIUHLPWLJHQ %HVSUHFKXQJ© GHU
3HUV|QOLFKNHLW +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|PV WHLOQHKPHQ ]X GUIHQ (LQHQ
$XJHQEOLFN VSlWHU EHXJWH VLH VLFK YRU XQG EHJDQQ GLH
3IODXPHQNHUQH DXI GHP .RPSRWWHOOHU LKUHV %UXGHUV ]X ]lKOHQ
ª(GHOPDQQ%HGHOPDQQ'RNWRU3DVWRU±5DWVKHUU©VDJWHVLHXQG
VFKQHOOWHPLWLKUHU0HVVHUVSLW]HGHQIHKOHQGHQ.HUQDXIGHQNOHLQHQ
7HOOHUKLQEHU«1DFK7LVFKH DEHUXQIlKLJ DQ VLFK ]X KDOWHQ ]RJ
VLH GHQ .RQVXO DP $UPH EHLVHLWH LQ HLQH )HQVWHUQLVFKH ª2 *RWW
7RPZHQQGXHVZLUVW«ZHQQXQVHU:DSSHQLQGLH.ULHJVVWXEHLP
5DWKDXVHNRPPW«LFKVWHUEHYRU)UHXGH,FKIDOOHXPXQGELQWRW
GXVROOVWVHKHQ©
ª6R OLHEH 7RQ\ 1XQ HWZDV PHKU +DOWXQJ XQG :UGH ZHQQ LFK
GLFK ELWWHQ GDUI 'DV SIOHJW GLU GRFK VRQVW QLFKW DE]XJHKHQ" *HKH
LFKXPKHUZLH+HQQLQJ.XU]":LUVLQGDXFKRKQH¾6HQDWRU½ZDV«
8QGGXZLUVWKRIIHQWOLFKDP/HEHQEOHLEHQLPHLQHQZLHLPDQGHUHQ
)DOOH©
8QG GLH $JLWDWLRQ GLH %HUDWXQJHQ GLH .lPSIH GHU 0HLQXQJHQ
QDKPHQ LKUHQ )RUWJDQJ .RQVXO 3HWHU 'RKOPDQQ GHU 6XLWLHU PLW
VHLQHPJlQ]OLFKYHUNRPPHQHQ*HVFKlIWGDVQXUQRFKGHP1DPHQ
QDFKH[LVWLHUWHXQGVHLQHUVLHEHQXQG]ZDQ]LJMlKULJHQ7RFKWHUGHUHQ
(UEH HU YHUIUKVWFNWH EHWHLOLJWH VLFK GDUDQ LQGHP HU EHL HLQHP
'LQHU GDV 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN JDE XQG EHL HLQHP HEHQVROFKHQ
GDV +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P YHUDQVWDOWHWH MHGHVPDO GHQ EHWUHIIHQGHQ
:LUWPLWVFKDOOHQGHUXQGOlUPHQGHU6WLPPH ª+HUU6HQDWRU©QDQQWH
6LJLVPXQG*|VFKDEHUGHUDOWH0DNOHU*|VFKJLQJXPKHUZLHHLQ
EUOOHQGHU /|ZH XQG PDFKWH VLFK DQKHLVFKLJ RKQH 8PVFKZHLIH
MHGHQ ]X HUGURVVHOQ GHU QLFKW JHZLOOW VHL IU .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN
]XVWLPPHQ ª.RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN PHLQH +HUUHQ«KD ZHOFK HLQ


0DQQ ,FK KDEH DQ GHU 6HLWH VHLQHV 9DWHUV JHVWDQGHQ DOV HU $QQR
DFKWXQGYLHU]LJ PLW HLQHP :RUWH GLH :XW GHV HQWIHVVHOWHQ 3|EHOV
]lKPWH«*lEHHVHLQH*HUHFKWLJNHLWDXI(UGHQVRKlWWHVFKRQVHLQ
9DWHU VFKRQ GHU 9DWHU VHLQHV 9DWHUV GHP 6HQDWH DQJHK|UHQ
PVVHQ«©
,P *UXQGH MHGRFK ZDU HV QLFKW VRZRKO .RQVXO %XGGHQEURRN
VHOEVW GHVVHQ 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW GDV ,QQHUH GHV +HUUQ *|VFK LQ
)ODPPHQ VHW]WH DOV YLHOPHKU GLH MXQJH )UDX .RQVXO JHERUHQH
$UQROGVHQ 1LFKW DOV RE GHU 0DNOHU MHPDOV HLQ :RUW PLW LKU
JHZHFKVHOW KlWWH (U JHK|UWH QLFKW ]X GHP .UHLVH GHU UHLFKHQ
.DXIOHXWH VSHLVWH QLFKW DQ LKUHQ 7DIHOQ XQG WDXVFKWH QLFKW 9LVLWHQ
PLWLKQHQ$EHUZLHVFKRQHUZlKQW*HUGD%XGGHQEURRNZDUQLFKW
VR EDOG LQ GHU 6WDGW HUVFKLHQHQ DOV GHU LPPHU VHKQVFKWLJ QDFK
$X‰HURUGHQWOLFKHP VFKZHLIHQGH %OLFN GHV ILQVWHUHQ 0DNOHUV VLH
DXFK VFKRQ HUVSlKW KDWWH 0LW VLFKHUHP ,QVWLQNWH KDWWH HU DOVEDOG
HUNDQQW GD‰ GLHVH (UVFKHLQXQJ JHHLJQHW VHLVHLQHP XQEHIULHGLJWHQ
'DVHLQHLQZHQLJPHKU,QKDOW]XYHUOHLKHQXQGPLW/HLEXQG6HHOH
KDWWHHUVLFKLKUGLHLKQNDXPGHP1DPHQQDFKNDQQWHDOV6NODYH
HUJHEHQ6HLWGHPXPNUHLVWHHULQ*HGDQNHQGLHVHQHUY|VHXQGDXIV
lX‰HUVWHUHVHUYLHUWH'DPHGHUQLHPDQGLKQYRUVWHOOWHZLHGHU7LJHU
GHQ %lQGLJHU PLW GHPVHOEHQ YHUELVVHQHQ 0LHQHQVSLHO GHUVHOEHQ
WFNLVFKGHPWLJHQ +DOWXQJ LQ GHU HU DXI GHU 6WUD‰H RKQH GD‰ VLH
GDVHUZDUWHWKlWWHVHLQHQ-HVXLWHQKXWYRULKU]RJ«'LHVH:HOWGHU
0LWWHOPl‰LJNHLWERWLKPNHLQH0|JOLFKNHLWIUGLHVH)UDXHLQH7DW
YRQJUl‰OLFKHU5XFKORVLJNHLW]XEHJHKHQZHOFKHHUEXFNOLJGVWHU
XQG NDOW LQ VHLQHQ 0DQWHO JHKOOW PLW WHXIOLVFKHP *OHLFKPXW
YHUDQWZRUWHW KDEHQ ZUGH ,KUH ODQJZHLOLJHQ *HZRKQKHLWHQ
JHVWDWWHWHQ LKP QLFKW GLHVH )UDX GXUFK 0RUG 9HUEUHFKHQ XQG
EOXWLJH/LVWHQDXIHLQHQ.DLVHUWKURQ]XHUK|KHQ1LFKWVOLH‰VLHLKP
EULJ DOV LP 5DWKDXVH IU GLH :DKO LKUHV LQJULPPLJ YHUHKUWHQ
*DWWHQ]XVWLPPHQXQGLKUYLHOOHLFKWGHUHLQVWGLHhEHUVHW]XQJYRQ
/RSHGH9HJD¶VVlPWOLFKHQ'UDPHQ]XZLGPHQ


9LHUWHV.DSLWHO

-HGH LP 6HQDWH HUOHGLJWH 6WHOOH PX‰ ELQQHQ YLHU :RFKHQ ZLHGHU
EHVHW]W ZHUGHQ VR ZLOO HV GLH 9HUIDVVXQJ 'UHL :RFKHQ VLQG VHLW
-DPHV 0|OOHQGRUSIV +LQWULWW YHUIORVVHQ XQG QXQ LVW GHU :DKOWDJ
KHUDQJHNRPPHQHLQ7DXZHWWHUWDJDP(QGHGHV)HEUXDU
,QGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HYRUGHP5DWKDXVHPLWVHLQHUGXUFKEURFKHQHQ
*ODVXU]LHJHOIDVVDGH VHLQHQ VSLW]HQ 7UPHQ XQG 7UPFKHQ GLH
JHJHQ GHQ JUDXZHL‰OLFKHQ +LPPHO VWHKHQ VHLQHP DXI
YRUJHVFKREHQHQ6lXOHQUXKHQGHQJHGHFNWHQ7UHSSHQDXIJDQJVHLQHQ
VSLW]HQ$UNDGHQGLHGHQ'XUFKEOLFNDXIGHQ0DUNWSODW]XQGVHLQHQ
%UXQQHQ JHZlKUHQ« YRUP 5DWKDXVH GUlQJHQ VLFK PLWWDJV XP HLQ
8KU GLH /HXWH 6LH VWHKHQ XQHQWZHJW LQ GHP VFKPXW]LJZlVVHULJHQ
6FKQHH GHU 6WUD‰H GHU XQWHU LKUHQ )‰HQ YROOHQGV ]HUJHKW VHKHQ
VLFK DQ VHKHQ ZLHGHU JHUDGHDXV XQG UHFNHQ GLH +lOVH 'HQQ GRUW
KLQWHUMHQHP3RUWDOHLP5DWVVDDOHPLWVHLQHQYLHU]HKQLP+DOENUHLV
VWHKHQGHQ $UPVHVVHOQ HUZDUWHW QRFK ]X GLHVHU 6WXQGH GLH DXV
0LWJOLHGHUQ GHV 6HQDWHV XQG GHU %UJHUVFKDIW EHVWHKHQGH
:DKOYHUVDPPOXQJGLH9RUVFKOlJHGHU:DKONDPPHUQ«
'LH 6DFKH KDW VLFK LQ GLH /lQJH JH]RJHQ (V VFKHLQW GD‰ GLH
'HEDWWHQ LQ GHQ .DPPHUQ VLFK QLFKW EHUXKLJHQ ZROOHQ GD‰ GHU
.DPSI KDUW LVW XQG GD‰ ELV MHW]W GHU 9HUVDPPOXQJ LP 5DWVVDDOH
NHLQHVZHJVHLQXQGGLHVHOEH3HUVRQYRUJHVFKODJHQZXUGHGHQQVLH
ZUGH YRP %UJHUPHLVWHU VRIRUW DOV JHZlKOW HUNOlUW ZHUGHQ«
6RQGHUEDU 1LHPDQG EHJUHLIW ZRKHU VLH NRPPHQ ZR XQG ZLH VLH
HQWVWHKHQ DEHU *HUFKWH GULQJHQ DXV GHP 3RUWDOH DXI GLH 6WUD‰H
KHUDXV XQG YHUEUHLWHQ VLFK 6WHKW GRUW GULQQHQ +HUU .DVSHUVHQ GHU
lOWHUH GHU EHLGHQ 5DWVGLHQHU GHU VLFK VHOEVW QLH DQGHUV DOV
ª6WDDWVEHDPWHU© QHQQW XQG GLULJLHUW ZDV HU HUIlKUW PLW
JHVFKORVVHQHQ =lKQHQ XQG DEJHZDQGWHQ $XJHQ GXUFK HLQHQ
0XQGZLQNHO QDFK GUDX‰HQ" -HW]W KHL‰W HV GD‰ GLH 9RUVFKOlJH LP
6LW]XQJVVDDOHHLQJHODXIHQVLQGXQGGD‰YRQMHGHUGHUGUHL.DPPHUQ
HLQ DQGHUHU YRUJHVFKODJHQ ZXUGH +DJHQVWU|P %XGGHQEURRN
.LVWHQPDNHU *RWW JHEH GD‰ QXQ ZHQLJVWHQV GLH DOOJHPHLQH :DKO
GXUFK JHKHLPH $EVWLPPXQJ PLWWHOVW 6WLPP]HWWHO HLQH XQEHGLQJWH
6WLPPHQPHKUKHLWHUJLEW:HU QLFKW ZDUPH hEHUVFKXKH WUlJWIlQJW


DQGLH%HLQH]XKHEHQXQG]XVWDPSIHQGHQQGLH)‰HVFKPHU]HQ
YRU.lOWH
(VVLQG/HXWHDXVDOOHQ9RONVNODVVHQGLHKLHUVWHKHQXQGZDUWHQ
0DQVLHKW6HHOHXWHPLWEOR‰HPWlWRZLHUWHP+DOVHGLH+lQGHLQGHQ
ZHLWHQ QLHGULJHQ +RVHQWDVFKHQ .RUQWUlJHU PLW LKUHQ %OXVHQ XQG
.QLHKRVHQ DXV VFKZDU]HP *ODQ]OHLQHQ XQG LKUHP XQYHUJOHLFKOLFK
ELHGHUHQ *HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN )XKUOHXWH GLH YRQ LKUHQ ]XKDXI
JHVFKLFKWHWHQ*HWUHLGHVlFNHQJHNOHWWHUWVLQGXPGLH3HLWVFKHLQGHU
+DQGGHV:DKOHUJHEQLVVHV]XKDUUHQ'LHQVWPlGFKHQPLW+DOVWXFK
6FKU]HXQGGLFNHPJHVWUHLIWHP5RFNGLHNOHLQHZHL‰H0W]HDXI
GHP +LQWHUNRSI XQG GHQ JUR‰HQ +HQNHONRUE DP QDFNWHQ $UPH
)LVFK XQG *HPVHIUDXHQ PLW LKUHQ 6WURKVFKXWHQ VRJDU HLQ SDDU
KEVFKH*lUWQHUPlGFKHQPLWKROOlQGLVFKHQ+DXEHQNXU]HQ5|FNHQ
XQG ODQJHQ IDOWLJHQ ZHL‰HQ bUPHOQ GLH DXV GHP EXQWJHVWLFNWHQ
0LHGHUKHUYRUTXHOOHQ«'D]ZLVFKHQ%UJHU/DGHQEHVLW]HUDXV GHU
1lKH GLH RKQH +XW KHUDXVJHWUHWHQ VLQG XQG LKUH 0HLQXQJHQ
WDXVFKHQMXQJHJXWJHNOHLGHWH.DXIOHXWH6|KQHGLHLP.RQWRULKUHV
9DWHUVRGHUHLQHVVHLQHU)UHXQGHLKUHGUHLRGHUYLHUMlKULJH/HKU]HLW
HUOHGLJHQ6FKXOMXQJHQPLW5lQ]HOQXQG%FKHUSDNHWHQ«
+LQWHU]ZHLWDEDNNDXHQGHQ$UEHLWVOHXWHQPLWKDUWHQ6FKLIIHUElUWHQ
VWHKW HLQH 'DPH GLH LQ JUR‰HU (UUHJXQJ GHQ .RSI KLQ XQG KHU
ZHQGHWXP]ZLVFKHQGHQ6FKXOWHUQGHUEHLGHQYLHUVFKU|WLJHQ.HUOH
KLQGXUFK DXI GDV 5DWKDXV VHKHQ ]X N|QQHQ 6LH WUlJW HLQH $UW YRQ
ODQJHPPLWEUDXQHP3HO]EHVHW]WHQ$EHQGPDQWHOGHQVLHYRQLQQHQ
PLWEHLGHQ+lQGHQ]XVDPPHQKlOWXQGLKU*HVLFKWLVWJlQ]OLFKYRQ
HLQHP GLFKWHQ EUDXQHQ 6FKOHLHU YHUKOOW ,KUH *XPPLVFKXKH
WULSSHOQ UDVWORV LQ GHP 6FKQHHZDVVHU XPKHU« ª%L *RWW KHL ZDUG
GDW ZHGGHU QLFK GLQ +HUU .XU]© VDJW GHU HLQH $UEHLWVPDQQ ]XP
DQGHUQ ª1HH GX '|VEDUWHO GDW EUXNVW PL QLFK PHKU WDX YHUWHLOHQ
6HL VWLPPHQ QX MH DOO |ZHU +DJHQVWU|P .LVWHQPDNHU XQG
%XGGHQEURRNDI©
ª-HXQQXLVGDWGH)UDJ¶ZHNNHUYRQGHGUHHGLHDQQHUQ|ZHULV©
ª-HGDWVHJGXPDQQRFKPDO©
ª:HLWVWZDW",FNJO|ZVHLZlKOHQ+DJHQVWU|P©
ª-HGX.ODXNVFKHHWHU«5HG¶GXXQGH'ZHO©


'DQQ VSHLW HU VHLQHQ 7DEDN YRU VLFK QLHGHU GHQQ GDV *HGUlQJH
HUODXEWLKPQLFKWLKQLP%RJHQYRQVLFK]XJHEHQ]LHKWPLWEHLGHQ
+lQGHQGLH+RVHK|KHUXQWHUGHQ/HLEULHPHQKLQDXIXQGIlKUWIRUW
ª+DJHQVWU|PGDW¶VVR¶Q)UH‰VDFNXQNULJWQLFKPDO/XIWGXUFKGLH
1lVVRIHWWLVKHLDOO«1HHZRPLQ+HUU.XU]GDWQXZHGGHUQLFK
ZDUGHQGDXWQXEQLFNYRU%XGGHQEURRN'DW¶V¶QIL[HQ.LHUO«©
ª-HGDWVHJVWGXZXOOZHU+DJHQVWU|PLVDOOYHHOULHNHU«©
ª'RDUN|PPSHVQLFKDXIDQ'DWVWHLKWQLFKLQ)UDJ¶©
ª8Q GHQQ LV %XGGHQEURRN RRN PPHU VR KHOOVHKHQ ILHQ PLW VLQ
0DQVFKHWWHQXQVLQVLHGHQ.UDZDWWXQVLQSLHOHQ6QXUUERDUW«+HVW
HPJHKHQVHLKQ"+HLKXSSWPPHUVR¶QEHHWHQlV¶Q9DJHO«©
ª-HGX'|PHONODDVGRDUYRQLVQLFKGH5HG¶©
ª+HL KHW MH ZROO ¶QH 6ZHVWHU GLH YRQ WZHH 0lQQHUQ ZHGGHU
DIINDPHQLV"©
'LH'DPHLP$EHQGPDQWHOHUEHEW«
ª-HGDW¶VVR¶Q6DDNhZHUGRDUZHLWHQZLQL[YRQXQGHQQNDQQ
GHU.XQVHOGRDURRNQL[I|U©
1HLQ QLFKW ZDKU" GHQNW GLH 'DPH LP 6FKOHLHU LQGHP VLH LKUH
+lQGH XQWHUP 0DQWHO ]XVDPPHQSUH‰W« 1LFKW ZDKU" 2K *RWW VHL
'DQN
ª8Q GHQQ© IJW GHU 0DQQ KLQ]X GHU ]X %XGGHQEURRN KlOW ªXQ
GHQQ KDW RRN %UJHUPHHVWHU 2HYHUGLHFN *HYDGGHU EL VLQHQ 6|KQ
VWDQGHQGDWZLOOZDWEHGGHQZLOO¶NGLPDQYHUWHLOHQ«©
1LFKWZDKU"GHQNWGLH'DPH-D*RWWVHL'DQNHVKDWJHZLUNW«
6LH ]XFNW ]XVDPPHQ (LQ QHXHV *HUFKW LVW KHUDXVJHGUXQJHQ OlXIW
LP =LFN]DFN QDFK KLQWHQ XQG JHODQJW ]X LKU 'LH DOOJHPHLQH :DKO
KDW NHLQH (QWVFKHLGXQJ JHEUDFKW (GXDUG .LVWHQPDNHU GHU GLH
ZHQLJVWHQ 6WLPPHQ HUKDOWHQ LVW DXVUDQJLHUW ZRUGHQ 'HU .DPSI
]ZLVFKHQ +DJHQVWU|P XQG %XGGHQEURRN GDXHUW IRUW (LQ %UJHU
EHPHUNW PLW JHZLFKWLJHU 0LHQH GD‰ ZHQQVLFK 6WLPPHQJOHLFKKHLW
HUJLEWHV Q|WLJ VHLQ ZLUG IQI ª2EPlQQHU© ]X HUZlKOHQ GLH QDFK
6WLPPHQPHKUKHLW]XHQWVFKHLGHQKDEHQ«
3O|W]OLFKUXIWJDQ]YRUQDP3RUWDOHLQH6WLPPHª+HLQH6HHKDVLV
ZlKOW©


8QG GDEHL LVW 6HHKDVH HLQ LPPHU XQG HZLJ EHWUXQNHQHU 0HQVFK
GHU 'DPSIEURW DXI HLQHP +DQGZDJHQ KHUXPIlKUW $OOHV ODFKW XQG
VWHOOW VLFK DXI GLH =HKHQVSLW]HQ XP VLFK GHQ :LW]EROG DQ]XVHKHQ
$XFK GLH 'DPH LP 6FKOHLHU ZLUG YRQ HLQHP QHUY|VHQ /DFKHQ
HUJULIIHQ GDV HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN LKUH 6FKXOWHUQ HUVFKWWHUW 'DQQ
MHGRFK PLW HLQHU %HZHJXQJ GLH DXVGUFNW ,VW GLHV GLH 6WXQGH
6Sl‰H]XPDFKHQ"«QLPPWVLHVLFKXQJHGXOGLJ]XVDPPHQXQGOXJW
ZLHGHU OHLGHQVFKDIWOLFK ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ EHLGHQ $UEHLWVPlQQHUQ
KLQGXUFK]XP5DWKDXVKLQEHU$EHULQGHPVHOEHQ$XJHQEOLFNOl‰W
VLH GLH +lQGH VLQNHQ GD‰ LKU $EHQGPDQWHO VLFK YRUQH |IIQHW XQG
VWHKWGDPLWKLQDEJHIDOOHQHQ6FKXOWHUQHUVFKODIIWYHUQLFKWHW«
+DJHQVWU|P  'LH 1DFKULFKW LVWGD QLHPDQG ZHL‰ ZRKHU 6LHLVW
GD ZLH DXV GHP (UGERGHQ KHUYRUJHNRPPHQ RGHU YRP +LPPHO
JHIDOOHQXQGLVWEHUDOO]XJOHLFK(VJLEWNHLQHQ:LGHUVSUXFK(VLVW
HQWVFKLHGHQ +DJHQVWU|P  -D MD HU LVW HV QXQ DOVR 'D LVW QLFKWV
PHKU ]X HUZDUWHQ 'LH 'DPH LP 6FKOHLHU KlWWH HV YRUKHU ZLVVHQ
N|QQHQ 6R JHKW HV LPPHU LP /HEHQ 0DQ NDQQ QXQ JDQ] HLQIDFK
QDFK+DXVHJHKHQ6LHIKOWZLHGDV:HLQHQLQLKUDXIVWHLJW«
8QGNDXPKDWGLHVHU=XVWDQGHLQH6HNXQGHODQJJHGDXHUWDOVHLQ
SO|W]OLFKHU 6WR‰ HLQH UXFNDUWLJH %HZHJXQJ GXUFK GLH JDQ]H
0HQVFKHQDQVDPPOXQJ JHKW HLQ 6FKXE GHU VLFK YRQ YRUQ QDFK
KLQWHQ IRUWVHW]W XQG GLH 9RUGHUHQ JHJHQ LKUH +LQWHUPlQQHU OHKQW
ZlKUHQG ]X JOHLFKHU =HLW GRUW KLQWHQ LP 3RUWDOH HWZDV +HOOURWHV
DXIEOLW]W« 'LH URWHQ 5|FNH GHU EHLGHQ 5DWVGLHQHU .DVSHUVHQ XQG
8KOHIHOGWZHOFKHLQ *DOD PLW 'UHLVSLW] ZHL‰HQ 5HLWKRVHQ JHOEHQ
6WXOSHQ XQG *DODQWHULHGHJHQ 6HLWH DQ 6HLWH HUVFKHLQHQ XQG GXUFK
GLH]XUFNZHLFKHQGH0HQJHKLQGXUFKLKUHQ:HJJHKHQ
6LH JHKHQ ZLH GDV 6FKLFNVDO HUQVW VWXPP YHUVFKORVVHQ RKQH
QDFK UHFKWV RGHU OLQNV ]X VHKHQ PLW JHVHQNWHQ $XJHQ« XQG
VFKODJHQ PLW XQHUELWWOLFKHU (QWVFKLHGHQKHLW GLH 5LFKWXQJ HLQ GLH
LKQHQ GDV (UJHEQLV GHU :DKO YRQ GHP VLH XQWHUULFKWHW VLQG
JHZLHVHQKDW8QGHVLVWQLFKWGLH5LFKWXQJGHU6DQGVWUD‰HVRQGHUQ
VLHJHKHQQDFKUHFKWVGLH%UHLWH6WUD‰HKLQXQWHU
'LH'DPHLP6FKOHLHUWUDXWLKUHQ$XJHQQLFKW$EHUULQJVXPVLH
KHUVLHKWPDQHVJOHLFKLKU'LH/HXWHVFKLHEHQVLFKLQHEHQGHUVHOEHQ
5LFKWXQJ GHQ 5DWVGLHQHUQ QDFK VLH VDJHQ HLQDQGHU ª1HH QHH
%XGGHQEURRN QLFK +DJHQVWU|P©« XQG VFKRQ NRPPHQ LQ


DQJHUHJWHQ *HVSUlFKHQ DOOHUOHL +HUUHQ DXV GHP 3RUWDOH ELHJHQ XP
XQGJHKHQJHVFKZLQGHQ6FKULWWHVGLH%UHLWH6WUD‰HKLQXQWHUXPGLH
HUVWHQEHLGHU*UDWXODWLRQ]XVHLQ
'D QLPPW GLH 'DPH LKUHQ $EHQGPDQWHO ]XVDPPHQ XQG OlXIW
GDYRQ 6LH OlXIW ZLH HLQH 'DPH VRQVW HLJHQWOLFK QLFKW OlXIW ,KU
6FKOHLHUYHUVFKLHEWVLFKXQGOl‰WLKUHUKLW]WHV*HVLFKWVHKHQDEHUGDV
LVWJOHLFKJOWLJ8QG REJOHLFKHLQHULKUHU SHO]EHVHW]WHQ hEHUVFKXKH
LQ GHP ZlVVHULJHQ 6FKQHH EHVWlQGLJ DXVVFKODSSW XQG VLH LQ GHU
ERVKDIWHVWHQ :HLVH EHKLQGHUW EHUKROW VLH DOOH :HOW 6LH HUUHLFKW
]XHUVW GDV (FNKDXV DQ GHU %HFNHUJUXEH VLH VFKHOOW DP :LQGIDQJ
)HXHU XQG 0RUGLR VLH UXIW GHP |IIQHQGHQ 0lGFKHQ ]X ª6LH
NRPPHQ .DWKULQ VLH NRPPHQ© VLH QLPPW GLH 7UHSSH VWUPW
GUREHQ LQV :RKQ]LPPHU ZRVHOEVW LKU %UXGHU GHU ZDKUKDIWLJ HLQ
EL‰FKHQ EOHLFK LVW GLH =HLWXQJ EHLVHLWH OHJW XQG LKU HLQH HWZDV
DEZHKUHQGH +DQGEHZHJXQJ HQWJHJHQ PDFKW« VLH XPDUPW LKQ XQG
ZLHGHUKROW ª6LH NRPPHQ 7RP VLH NRPPHQ 'X ELVW HV XQG
+HUPDQQ+DJHQVWU|PLVWGXUFKJHIDOOHQ©
'DV ZDU HLQ )UHLWDJ 6FKRQ DP IROJHQGHQ 7DJH VWDQG 6HQDWRU
%XGGHQEURRNLP5DWVVDDOH YRU GHP 6WXKOH GHV YHUVWRUEHQHQ-DPHV
0|OOHQGRUSI XQGLQ *HJHQZDUW GHU YHUVDPPHOWHQ 9DWHU VRZLH GHV
%UJHUDXVVFKXVVHV OHLVWHWH HU GLHVHQ (LG ª,FK ZLOO PHLQHP $PWH
JHZLVVHQKDIW YRUVWHKHQ GDV :RKO GHV 6WDDWHV QDFK DOOHQ PHLQHQ
.UlIWHQ HUVWUHEHQ GLH 9HUIDVVXQJ GHVVHOEHQ JHWUHX EHIROJHQ GDV
|IIHQWOLFKH *XW UHGOLFK YHUZDOWHQ XQG EHL PHLQHU $PWVIKUXQJ
QDPHQWOLFKDXFKEHL DOOHQ :DKOHQ ZHGHU DXI HLJHQHQ 9RUWHLO QRFK
DXI 9HUZDQGWVFKDIW RGHU )UHXQGVFKDIW 5FNVLFKW QHKPHQ ,FK ZLOO
GLH *HVHW]H GHV 6WDDWHV KDQGKDEHQ XQG *HUHFKWLJNHLW EHQ JHJHQ
MHGHQ HU VHL UHLFK RGHU DUP ,FK ZLOO DXFK YHUVFKZLHJHQ VHLQ LQ
DOOHP ZDV 9HUVFKZLHJHQKHLW HUIRUGHUW EHVRQGHUV DEHU ZLOO LFK
JHKHLPKDOWHQ ZDV JHKHLP]XKDOWHQ PLU JHERWHQ ZLUG 6R ZDKU PLU
*RWWKHOIH©


)QIWHV.DSLWHO

8QVHUH :QVFKH XQG 8QWHUQHKPXQJHQ JHKHQ DXV JHZLVVHQ


%HGUIQLVVHQ XQVHUHU 1HUYHQ KHUYRU GLH PLW :RUWHQ VFKZHU ]X
EHVWLPPHQ VLQG 'DV ZDV PDQ 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRNV ¾(LWHONHLW½
QDQQWH GLH 6RUJIDOW GLH HU VHLQHP bX‰HUHQ ]XZDQGWH GHU /X[XV
GHQHUPLWVHLQHU7RLOHWWHWULHEZDULQ:LUNOLFKNHLWHWZDVJUQGOLFK
DQGHUHV (V ZDU XUVSUQJOLFK XP QLFKWV PHKU DOV GDV %HVWUHEHQ
HLQHV0HQVFKHQGHU$NWLRQVLFKYRP.RSIELV]XU=HKHVWHWVMHQHU
.RUUHNWKHLW XQG ,QWDNWKHLW EHZX‰W ]X VHLQ GLH +DOWXQJ JLEW 'LH
$QIRUGHUXQJHQ DEHU ZXFKVHQ GLH HU VHOEVW XQG GLH /HXWH DQ VHLQH
%HJDEXQJ XQG VHLQH .UlIWH VWHOOWHQ (U ZDU PLW SULYDWHQ XQG
|IIHQWOLFKHQ 3IOLFKWHQ EHUKlXIW %HL GHU ¾5DWVVHW]XQJ½ GHU
9HUWHLOXQJ GHU bPWHU DQ GLH 0LWJOLHGHU GHV 6HQDWHV ZDU LKP DOV
+DXSWUHVVRUW GDV 6WHXHUZHVHQ ]XJHIDOOHQ $EHU DXFK (LVHQEDKQ
=ROOXQGDQGHUHVWDDWOLFKH*HVFKlIWHQDKPHQLKQLQ$QVSUXFKXQG
LQWDXVHQG6LW]XQJHQYRQ9HUZDOWXQJVXQG$XIVLFKWVUDWHQLQGHQHQ
LKPVHLWVHLQHU:DKOGDV3UlVLGLXP]XILHOEHGXUIWHHVVHLQHUJDQ]HQ
8PVLFKW /LHEHQVZUGLJNHLW XQG (ODVWL]LWlW XP EHVWlQGLJ GLH
(PSILQGOLFKNHLW ZHLW EHMDKUWHUHU /HXWH ]X EHUFNVLFKWLJHQ VLFK
VFKHLQEDU LKUHU lOWHUHQ (UIDKUXQJ XQWHU]XRUGQHQ XQG GHQQRFK GLH
0DFKW LQ +lQGHQ ]X EHKDOWHQ :HQQ GDV 0HUNZUGLJH ]X
EHREDFKWHQ ZDU GD‰ JOHLFK]HLWLJ VHLQH ¾(LWHONHLW½ GDV KHL‰W GLHVHV
%HGUIQLVVLFKN|USHUOLFK]XHUTXLFNHQ]XHUQHXHUQPHKUHUH0DOH
DP 7DJH GLH .OHLGXQJ ]X ZHFKVHOQ VLFK ZLHGHUKHU]XVWHOOHQ XQG
PRUJHQIULVFK]XPDFKHQLQDXIIlOOLJHU:HLVH]XQDKPVREHGHXWHWH
GDV REJOHLFK 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN NDXP VLHEHQXQGGUHL‰LJ -DKUH
]DKOWHJDQ]HLQIDFKHLQ1DFKODVVHQVHLQHU6SDQQNUDIWHLQHUDVFKHUH
$EQXW]EDUNHLW
%DW GHU JXWH 'RNWRU *UDERZ LKQ VLFK HLQ ZHQLJ PHKU 5XKH ]X
J|QQHQVRDQWZRUWHWHHUª2K PHLQ OLHEHU 'RNWRU 6R ZHLW ELQ LFK
QRFKQLFKW©(UZROOWHGDPLWVDJHQGD‰HUQRFKXQDEVHKEDUYLHODQ
VLFK ]X DUEHLWHQ KDEH EHYRU HU GHUPDOHLQVW YLHOOHLFKW VLFK HLQHQ
=XVWDQG HUREHUW KDEHQ ZXUGH GHQ HU IHUWLJ XQG DP =LHOH QXQ LQ
%HKDJHQ ZXUGH JHQLH‰HQ N|QQHQ ,Q :DKUKHLW JODXEWH HU NDXP DQ
GLHVHQ=XVWDQG(VWULHELKQYRUZlUWVXQGOLH‰ LKP NHLQHQ )ULHGHQ
$XFK ZHQQ HU VFKHLQEDU UXKWH QDFK 7LVFK YLHOOHLFKW PLW GHQ


=HLWXQJHQ DUEHLWHWHQ ZlKUHQG HU PLW HLQHU JHZLVVHQ ODQJVDPHQ
/HLGHQVFKDIWOLFKNHLW GLH DXVJH]RJHQH 6SLW]H VHLQHV 6FKQXUUEDUWHV
GUHKWH XQG DQ VHLQHQ EODVVHQ 6FKOlIHQ GLH $GHUQ VLFKWEDU ZXUGHQ
WDXVHQG 3OlQH LQ VHLQHP .RSI GXUFKHLQDQGHU 8QG VHLQ (UQVW ZDU
JOHLFK KHIWLJ EHLP (UVLQQHQ HLQHV JHVFKlIWOLFKHQ 0DQ|YHUV RGHU
HLQHU|IIHQWOLFKHQ5HGHZLHEHLGHP9RUKDEHQQXQHQGOLFKHLQPDO
NXU]HUKDQGVHLQHQJHVDPWHQ9RUUDWDQ/HLEZlVFKH]XHUQHXHUQXP
ZHQLJVWHQVLQGLHVHU%H]LHKXQJIUHLQLJH=HLWIHUWLJXQGLQ2UGQXQJ
]XVHLQ
:HQQ VROFKH $QVFKDIIXQJHQ XQG 5HVWDXULHUXQJHQ LKP
YRUEHUJHKHQG HLQH JHZLVVH %HIULHGLJXQJ XQG %HUXKLJXQJ
JHZDKUWHQ VR PRFKWH HU GLH $XVJDEHQ GDIU VLFK VNUXSHOORV
JHVWDWWHQ GHQQ VHLQH *HVFKlIWH JLQJHQ LQ GLHVHQ -DKUHQ VR
DXVJH]HLFKQHW ZLH HKHPDOV QXU ]XU =HLW VHLQHV *UR‰YDWHUV 'HU
1DPH GHU )LUPD JHZDQQ QLFKW QXU LQ GHU 6WDGW VRQGHUQ DXFK
GUDX‰HQ DQ .ODQJ XQG LQQHUKDOE GHV *HPHLQZHVHQV ZXFKV QRFK
LPPHUVHLQ$QVHKHQ-HGHUPDQQDQHUNDQQWHPLW1HLGRGHUIUHXGLJHU
7HLOQDKPHVHLQH7FKWLJNHLWXQG*HVFKLFNOLFKNHLWZlKUHQGHUVHOEVW
YHUJHEOLFK GDQDFK UDQJ PLW %HKDJHQ LQ 5HLKH XQG 2UGQXQJ ]X
VFKDIIHQ ZHLO HU KLQWHU VHLQHU SODQHQGHQ 3KDQWDVLH VLFK EHVWlQGLJ
]XP9HU]ZHLIHOQLP5FNVWDQGHIKOWH
6R ZDU HV QLFKW hEHUPXW GD‰ 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN LP 6RPPHU
GLHVHV -DKUHV  XPKHUJLQJ XQG EHU GHP 3ODQH VDQQ VLFK HLQ
JUR‰HV QHXHV +DXV ]X EDXHQ :HU JOFNOLFK LVW EOHLEW DP 3ODW]H
6HLQH 5DVWORVLJNHLW WULHE LKQ GD]X XQG VHLQH 0LWEUJHU KDWWHQ GLHV
8QWHUQHKPHQ VHLQHU ¾(LWHONHLW½ ]XUHFKQHQ N|QQHQ GHQQ HV JHK|UWH
GD]X (LQ QHXHV +DXV HLQH UDGLNDOH 9HUlQGHUXQJ GHV /HEHQV
$XIUlXPHQ8P]XJ1HXLQVWDOOLHUXQJPLW$XVVFKHLGXQJDOOHV$OWHQ
XQG hEHUIOVVLJHQ GHV JDQ]HQ 1LHGHUVFKODJHV YHUJDQJHQHU -DKUH 
GLHVH9RUVWHOOXQJHQJDEHQLKPHLQ*HIKOYRQ6DXEHUNHLW1HXKHLW
(UIULVFKXQJ 8QEHUKUWKHLW 6WlUNXQJ XQG HU PX‰WH DOOHV GHVVHQ
ZRKO EHGUIWLJ VHLQ GHQQ HU JULII PLW (LIHU GDQDFK XQG KDWWH VHLQ
$XJHQPHUNVFKRQDXIHLQHEHVWLPPWH6WHOOHJHULFKWHW
(V ZDU HLQ ]LHPOLFK XPIDQJUHLFKHV *UXQGVWXFN LQ GHU XQWHUHQ
)LVFKHUJUXEH  HLQ DOWHUVJUDXHV VFKOHFKW XQWHUKDOWHQHV +DXV VWDQG
GRUW]XP9HUNDXIHGHVVHQ%HVLW]HULQHLQHVWHLQDOWH-XQJIHUGLHHV
DOVHLQhEHUEOHLEVHOHLQHUYHUJHVVHQHQ)DPLOLHJDQ]DOOHLQEHZRKQW


KDWWH NU]OLFK JHVWRUEHQ ZDU $Q GLHVHP 3ODW]H ZROOWH GHU 6HQDWRU
VHLQ +DXV HUVWHKHQ ODVVHQ XQG DXI VHLQHQ *lQJHQ ]XP +DIHQ
SDVVLHUWH HU LKQ RIW PLW SUIHQGHQ %OLFNHQ 'LH 1DFKEDUVFKDIW ZDU
V\PSDWKLVFK  JXWH %UJHUKDXVHU PLW *LHEHOQ DP EHVFKHLGHQVWHQ
XQWHU LKQHQ HUVFKLHQ GDV YLViYLV HLQ VFKPDOHV 'LQJ PLW HLQHP
NOHLQHQ%OXPHQODGHQLP(UGJHVFKR‰
(U EHVFKlIWLJWH VLFK DQJHVWUHQJW PLW GLHVHP 8QWHUQHKPHQ (U
PDFKWH HLQHQ XQJHIlKUHQ hEHUVFKODJ GHU .RVWHQ XQG REJOHLFK GLH
6XPPHGLHHUYRUOlXILJIHVWVHW]WHQLFKWJHULQJZDUIDQGHUGD‰HU
VLHRKQHhEHUDQVWUHQJXQJ]XOHLVWHQYHUPRFKWH'HQQRFKHUEOD‰WHHU
EHL GHP *HGDQNHQ GD‰ GDV *DQ]H YLHOOHLFKW HLQ XQQW]HU 6WUHLFK
VHLQ N|QQH XQG JHVWDQG VLFK GD‰ VHLQ MHW]LJHV +DXV IU LKQ VHLQH
)UDX VHLQ .LQG XQG GLH 'LHQHUVFKDIW MD HLJHQWOLFK 5DXP LQ )OOH
KDWWH $EHU VHLQH KDOEEHZX‰WHQ %HGUIQLVVH ZDUHQ VWlUNHU XQG LQ
GHP :XQVFKH YRQ DX‰HQ KHU LQ VHLQHP 9RUKDEHQ EHNUlIWLJW XQG
EHUHFKWLJW ]X ZHUGHQ HU|IIQHWH HU VLFK ]XQlFKVW VHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU
ª.XU] 7RQ\ ZDV KlOWVW GX YRQ GHU 6DFKH 'LH:HQGHOWUHSSH ]XP
%DGH]LPPHULVWMDJDQ]VSD‰KDIWDEHULP*UXQGHLVWGDV*DQ]HGRFK
EOR‰ HLQH6FKDFKWHO (V LVW VR ZHQLJ UHSUlVHQWDEHO ZLH" 8QG MHW]W
ZR GX HV ULFKWLJ GDKLQ JHEUDFKW KDVW GD‰ LFK 6HQDWRU JHZRUGHQ
ELQ«0LWHLQHP:RUWH%LQLFK¶VPLUVFKXOGLJ«"©
$FKPHLQ*RWWZDVZDUHUVLFK LQ 0DGDPH 3HUPDQHGHUV $XJHQ
QLFKW VFKXOGLJ 6LH ZDU YROO HUQVWHU %HJHLVWHUXQJ 6LH NUHX]WH GLH
$UPH DXI GHU %UXVW XQG JLQJ PLW HWZDV HUKREHQHQ 6FKXOWHUQ XQG
]XUFNJHOHJWHP.RSIHLP=LPPHUXPKHUª'DKDVWGXUHFKW7RP
2*RWWZLHUHFKWGXKDVW'DJLEWHVJDUNHLQHQ(LQZDQGGHQQZHU
]XP hEHUIOX‰ HLQH $UQROGVHQ PLW KXQGHUWWDXVHQG 7DOHUQ KDW
hEULJHQVELQLFKVWRO]GD‰GXPLFK]XHUVWLQV9HUWUDXHQ]LHKVWGDV
LVWVFKRQ YRQ GLU 8QG ZHQQVFKRQ7RP GDQQ DXFK YRUQHKP GDV
VDJHLFKGLU©
ª1XQMDGHU0HLQXQJELQLFKDXFK,FKZLOOHWZDVGDUDQZHQGHQ
9RLJWVROOHVPDFKHQXQGLFKIUHXHPLFKVFKRQGDUDXIGHQ5L‰PLW
GLU]XEHVHKHQ9RLJWKDWYLHO*HVFKPDFN«©
'LH ]ZHLWH =XVWLPPXQJ GLH 7KRPDV VLFK HLQKROWH ZDU GLHMHQLJH
*HUGD¶V6LHOREWHGHQ3ODQGXUFKDXV'DV*HWXPPHOGHV8P]XJHV
ZXUGH QLFKWV $QJHQHKPHV VHLQ DEHU GLH $XVVLFKW DXI HLQ JUR‰HV
0XVLN]LPPHUPLWJXWHU$NXVWLNVWLPPWHVLHJOFNOLFK8QGZDVGLH


DOWH .RQVXOLQ EHWUDI VR ZDU VLH VRIRUW EHUHLW GHQ %DX DOV ORJLVFKH
)ROJHGHUEULJHQ*OFNVIlOOH]XEHWUDFKWHQGLHVLHPLW*HQXJWXXQJ
XQG 'DQN JHJHQ *RWW HUOHEWH 6HLW GHU *HEXUW GHV (UEHQ XQG GHV
.RQVXOV :DKO LQ GHQ 5DW lX‰HUWH VLFK LKU 0XWWHUVWRO] QRFK
XQYHUKRKOHQHU DOV IUKHU VLH KDWWH HLQH $UW ªPHLQ 6RKQ GHU
6HQDWRU© ]X VDJHQ GLH GLH 'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN DXV GHU %UHLWHQ
6WUD‰HDXIVK|FKVWHLUULWLHUWH
'LHDOWHUQGHQ0lGFKHQIDQGHQZDKUKDIWLJDOO]XZHQLJ$EOHQNXQJ
YRQ GHP $QEOLFN GHV HNODWDQWHQ $XIVFKZXQJHV GHQ 7KRPDV¶
lX‰HUHV /HEHQ QDKP $P 'RQQHUVWDJ GLH DUPH .ORWKLOGH ]X
YHUK|KQHQ EHUHLWHWH ZHQLJ *HQXJWXXQJ XQG EHU &KULVWLDQ GHU
GXUFK9HUPLWWOXQJ0U5LFKDUGVRQVVHLQHVHKHPDOLJHQ3ULQ]LSDOVLQ
/RQGRQHLQH6WHOOXQJJHIXQGHQXQGYRQGRUWDXVJDQ]NU]OLFKGHQ
DEHUZLW]LJHQ :XQVFK KHUEHUWHOHJUDSKLHUW KDWWH )UlXOHLQ 3XYRJHO
DOV *DWWLQ VLFK ]X QHKPHQ ZRUDXI HU DOOHUGLQJV YRQ GHU .RQVXOLQ
DXIV VWUHQJVWH ]XUFNJHZLHVHQ ZDU« EHU &KULVWLDQ GHU JDQ]
HLQIDFK ]XU 5DQJRUGQXQJ -DNRE .U|JHUV JHK|UWH ZDUHQ GLH $NWHQ
JHVFKORVVHQ 6R HQWVFKlGLJWH PDQ VLFK HLQ ZHQLJ DQ GHQ NOHLQHQ
6FKZlFKHQ GHU .RQVXOLQ XQG )UDX 3HUPDQHGHUV LQGHP PDQ ]XP
%HLVSLHOGDV*HVSUlFKDXI+DDUWUDFKWHQEUDFKWHGHQQGLH.RQVXOLQ
ZDU LPVWDQGH PLW GHU VDQIWHVWHQ 0LHQH ]X VDJHQ VLH WUDJH ªLKU©
+DDUVFKOLFKW«ZlKUHQGGRFKDOOHYRQ*RWWPLW9HUVWDQGEHJDEWHQ
0HQVFKHQ YRU DOOHQ DEHU GLH 'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN VLFK VDJHQ
PX‰WHQ GD‰ GHU XQYHUlQGHUOLFK U|WOLFKEORQGH 6FKHLWHO XQWHU GHU
+DXEHGHUDOWHQ'DPHOlQJVWQLFKWPHKUªLKU©+DDUJHQDQQWZHUGHQ
N|QQH 1RFK ORKQHQGHU DEHU ZDU HV &RXVLQH 7RQ\ ]X YHUDQODVVHQ
VLFKHLQZHQLJEHUGLH3HUVRQHQ]XlX‰HUQGLHLKUELVKHULJHV/HEHQ
LQ KDVVHQVZHUWHU :HLVH EHHLQIOX‰W KDWWHQ 7UlQHQ7ULHVFKNH¶
*UQOLFK 3HUPDQHGHU +DJHQVWU|PV« 'LHVH 1DPHQ GLH 7RQ\
ZHQQVLHJHUHL]WZDUGZLHHEHQVRYLHOHNOHLQH7URPSHWHQVW|‰HGHV
$EVFKHXV PLW HWZDV HPSRUJH]RJHQHQ 6FKXOWHUQ LQ GLH /XIW KLQHLQ
YHUODXWHQ OLH‰ NODQJHQ GHQ 7|FKWHUQ 2QNHO *RWWKROGV UHFKW
DQJHQHKPLQGLH2KUHQ
hEULJHQV YHUKHKOWHQ VLH VLFK QLFKW  XQG EHUQDKPHQ NHLQHVZHJV
GLH9HUDQWZRUWXQJHV]XYHUVFKZHLJHQGD‰GHUNOHLQH-RKDQQ]XP
(UVFKUHFNHQ ODQJVDP JHKHQ XQG VSUHFKHQ OHUQH« 6LH ZDUHQ LP
5HFKWH GDPLW XQG HV LVW ]X]XJHEHQ GD‰ +DQQR  GLHV ZDU GHU


5XIQDPHGHQ)UDX6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRNIULKUHQ6RKQHLQJHIKUW
KDWWH  ]X HLQHU =HLW DOV HU DOOH 0LWJOLHGHU VHLQHU )DPLOLH PLW
]LHPOLFKHU .RUUHNWKHLW ]X QHQQHQ YHUPRFKWH QRFK LPPHU
DX‰HUVWDQGH ZDU GLH 1DPHQ )ULHGHULNH +HQULHWWH XQG 3ILIIL LQ
YHUVWlQGOLFKHU :HLVH ]X ELOGHQ:DV GDV *HKHQEHWUDI VR ZDULKP
MHW]WLP$OWHUYRQIQI9LHUWHOMDKUHQQRFKNHLQVHOEVWlQGLJHU6FKULWW
JHOXQJHQ XQG HV ZDU XP GLHVH =HLW GD‰ GLH 'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN
PLW KRIIQXQJVORVHP .RSIVFKWWHOQ HUNOlUWHQ GLHVHV .LQG ZHUGH
VWXPPXQGODKPEOHLEHQIUVHLQJDQ]HV/HEHQ
6LHGXUIWHQVSlWHUGLHVHWUDXULJH3URSKH]HLXQJDOV,UUWXPHUNHQQHQ
DEHUQLHPDQGOHXJQHWHGD‰+DQQRLQVHLQHU(QWZLFNOXQJHLQZHQLJ
]XUFNVWDQG (U KDWWH JOHLFK LQ GHU IUKHVWHQ =HLW VHLQHV /HEHQV
VFKZHUH .lPSIH ]X EHVWHKHQ JHKDEW XQG VHLQH 8PJHEXQJ LQ
EHVWlQGLJHU)XUFKWJHKDOWHQ$OVHLQVWLOOHVXQGZHQLJNUlIWLJHV.LQG
ZDUHU]XU:HOWJHNRPPHQ XQG EDOG QDFK GHU7DXIH KDWWHHLQ QXU
GUHL7DJHGDXHUQGHU$QIDOOYRQ%UHFKGXUFKIDOOEHLQDKHJHQJWVHLQ
PLW 0KHLQ *DQJ JHEUDFKWHV NOHLQHV +HU] HQGJOWLJ VWLOOVWHKHQ ]X
ODVVHQ(UEOLHEDP/HEHQXQGGHUJXWH'RNWRU*UDERZWUDIQXQPLW
GHU VRUJIlOWLJVWHQ (UQlKUXQJ XQG 3IOHJH 9RUNHKUXQJHQ JHJHQ GLH
GURKHQGHQ .ULVHQ GHV =DKQHQV .DXP DEHU ZROOWH GLH HUVWH ZHL‰H
6SLW]H GHQ .LHIHU GXUFKEUHFKHQ DOV DXFK VFKRQ GLH .UlPSIH VLFK
HLQVWHOOWHQ XP VLFK GDQQ VWlUNHU XQG HLQLJH 0DOH LQ (QWVHW]HQ
HUUHJHQGHU:HLVH]XZLHGHUKROHQ:LHGHUNDPHVGDKLQGD‰GHUDOWH
$U]WGHQ(OWHUQQXUQRFKZRUWORVGLH+lQGHGUFNWH«'DV.LQGODJ
LQ WLHIVWHU (UVFK|SIXQJ XQG GHU VWLHUH 6HLWHQEOLFN GHU WLHI
XPVFKDWWHWHQ $XJHQ GHXWHWH DXI HLQH *HKLUQDIIHNWLRQ 'DV (QGH
VFKLHQIDVWZQVFKHQVZHUW
'HQQRFK JHODQJWH +DQQR ZLHGHU ]X HLQLJHQ .UlIWHQ VHLQ %OLFN
EHJDQQ GLH 'LQJH ]X IDVVHQ XQG ZHQQ DXFK GLH EHUVWDQGHQHQ
6WUDSD]HQVHLQH)RUWVFKULWWHLP6SUHFKHQXQG*HKHQYHUODQJVDPWHQ
VRJDEHVQXQGRFKNHLQHXQPLWWHOEDUH*HIDKUPHKU]XIUFKWHQ
+DQQRZDUVFKODQNJOLHGULJXQG]LHPOLFKODQJIU VHLQ $OWHU 6HLQ
KHOOEUDXQHV VHKU ZHLFKHV +DDU EHJDQQ LQ GLHVHU =HLW XQJHPHLQ
VFKQHOO ]X ZDFKVHQ XQG ILHO EDOG NDXP PHUNOLFK JHZHOOW DXI GLH
6FKXOWHUQVHLQHVIDOWLJHQVFKU]HQDUWLJHQ.OHLGFKHQVQLHGHU6FKRQ
EHJDQQHQGLH)DPLOLHQlKQOLFKNHLWHQVLFKYROONRPPHQHUNHQQEDUEHL
LKP DXV]XSUlJHQ 9RQ $QEHJLQQ EHVD‰ HU JDQ] DXVJHVSURFKHQ GLH


+lQGH GHU %XGGHQEURRNV EUHLW HLQ ZHQLJ ]X NXU] DEHU IHLQ
JHJOLHGHUW XQG VHLQH 1DVH ZDU JHQDX GLH VHLQHV 9DWHUV XQG
8UJUR‰YDWHUV ZHQQ DXFK GLH )OJHO QRFK ]DUWHU EOHLEHQ ]X ZROOHQ
VFKLHQHQ 'DV JDQ]H OlQJOLFKH XQG VFKPDOH 8QWHUJHVLFKW MHGRFK
JHK|UWH ZHGHU GHQ %XGGHQEURRNV QRFK GHQ .U|JHUV VRQGHUQ GHU
PWWHUOLFKHQ)DPLOLHZLHDXFKYRUDOOHPVHLQ0XQGGHUIUK]HLWLJ
 VFKRQ MHW]W  GD]X QHLJWH VLFK LQ ]XJOHLFK ZHKPWLJHU XQG
lQJVWOLFKHU :HLVH YHUVFKORVVHQ ]X KDOWHQ« PLW GLHVHP $XVGUXFN
GHP VSlWHUGHU %OLFN VHLQHU HLJHQDUWLJ JROGEUDXQHQ $XJHQ PLW GHQ
EOlXOLFKHQ6FKDWWHQVLFKLPPHUPHKUDQSD‰WH«
8QWHUGHQ%OLFNHQYROOYHUKDOWHQHU=lUWOLFKNHLWGLHVHLQ9DWHULKP
VFKHQNWH XQWHU GHU 6RUJIDOW PLW GHU VHLQH 0XWWHU VHLQH .OHLGXQJ
XQG 3IOHJH EHUZDFKWH DQJHEHWHW YRQ VHLQHU 7DQWH $QWRQLH PLW
5HLWHUQXQG.UHLVHOQEHVFKHQNWYRQGHU.RQVXOLQXQG2QNHO-XVWXV±
EHJDQQHU]XOHEHQXQGZHQQVHLQKEVFKHUNOHLQHU:DJHQDXIGHU
6WUD‰HHUVFKLHQEOLFNWHQGLH/HXWHLKPPLW,QWHUHVVHXQG(UZDUWXQJ
QDFK:DVDEHU GLH ZUGLJH .LQGHUIUDX0DGDPH 'HFKR EHWUDI GLH
]XQlFKVWQRFKGHQ'LHQVWYHUVDKVRZDUHVEHVFKORVVHQH6DFKHGD‰
LQ GDV QHXH +DXV QLFKW PHKU VLH VRQGHUQ DQ LKUHU 6WDWW ,GD
-XQJPDQQHLQ]LHKHQVROOWHZlKUHQGGLH.RQVXOLQVLFKQDFKDQGHUHU
+LOIHXPVHKHQZUGH«
6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN YHUZLUNOLFKWH VHLQH 3OlQH 'HU $QNDXI GHV
*UXQGVWFNHVLQGHU)LVFKHUJUXEHPDFKWHNHLQHUOHL6FKZLHULJNHLWHQ
XQG GDV +DXV LQ GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H ]X GHVVHQ hEHUQDKPH GHU
0DNOHU *|VFK VLFK VRIRUW PLW ,QJULPP EHUHLW HUNOlUW KDWWH EUDFKWH
+HUU 6WHSKDQ .LVWHQPDNHU GHVVHQ )DPLOLH ZXFKV XQG GHU PLW
VHLQHP%UXGHULQ5RWVSRQJXWHV*HOGYHUGLHQWHXQPLWWHOEDUNlXIOLFK
DQVLFK+HUU9RLJWEHUQDKPGHQ%DXXQGEDOGVFKRQNRQQWHPDQ
GRQQHUVWDJVLP)DPLOLHQNUHLVHVHLQHQVDXEHUHQ5L‰HQWUROOHQXQGGLH
)DVVDGH LP YRUDXV VFKDXHQ HLQ SUlFKWLJHU 5RKEDX PLW 6DQGVWHLQ
.DU\DWLGHQ GLH GHQ (UNHU WUXJHQ XQG HLQHP IODFKHQ 'DFKH EHU
ZHOFKHV .ORWKLOGH JHGHKQW XQG IUHXQGOLFK EHPHUNWH GD‰ PDQ
QDFKPLWWDJV .DIIHH GDUDXI WULQNHQ N|QQH« 6HOEVW LQ EHWUHII GHU
3DUWHUUHUlXPOLFKNHLWHQ GHV 0HQJVWUD‰HQKDXVHV GLH QXQ OHHU VWHKHQ
ZUGHQ GHQQ DXFK VHLQH &RPSWRLUV JHGDFKWH GHU 6HQDWRU LQ GLH
)LVFKHUJUXEH]XYHUOHJHQRUGQHWHVLFKUDVFKDOOHV]XPEHVWHQGHQQ


HV HUZLHV VLFK GD‰ GLH 6WlGWLVFKH )HXHUYHUVLFKHUXQJVJHVHOOVFKDIW
JHZLOOWZDUGLH6WXEHQPLHWZHLVHDOV%XUHDXV]XEHUQHKPHQ
'HU+HUEVWNDPJUDXHV*HPlXHUVWU]WH]X6FKXWW]XVDPPHQXQG
EHUJHUlXPLJHQ.HOOHUQHUZXFKVZlKUHQGGHU:LQWHUKHUHLQEUDFK
XQG ZLHGHU DQ .UDIW YHUORU 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRNV QHXHV +DXV
.HLQ*HVSUlFKVVWRIILQGHU6WDGWGHUDQ]LHKHQGHUJHZHVHQZlUH(V
ZXUGH WLSSWRSS HV ZXUGH GDV VFK|QVWH :RKQKDXV ZHLW XQG EUHLW
*DEHVHWZDLQ+DPEXUJVFK|QHUH"«0X‰WHDEHUDXFKYHU]ZHLIHOW
WHXHUVHLQXQGGHUDOWH.RQVXOKlWWHVROFKH6SUQJHVLFKHUOLFKQLFKW
JHPDFKW« 'LH 1DFKEDUQ GLH %UJHUVOHXWH LQ GHQ *LHEHOKlXVHUQ
ODJHQ LQ GHQ )HQVWHUQ VDKHQ GHQ $UEHLWHQ GHU 0lQQHU DXI GHQ
*HUVWHQ]XIUHXWHQVLFKZLHGHU%DXHPSRUVWLHJXQGVXFKWHQGHQ
=HLWSXQNWGHV5LFKWIHVWHV]XEHVWLPPHQ
(V NDP KHUDQ XQG ZDUG PLW DOOHQ 8PVWlQGOLFKNHLWHQ EHJDQJHQ
'UREHQ DXI GHP IODFKHQ 'DFKH KLHOW HLQ DOWHU 0DXUHUSROLHU HLQH
5HGHDQGHUHQ(QGHHUHLQH&KDPSDJQHUIODVFKHEHUVHLQH6FKXOWHU
VFKOHXGHUWH ZlKUHQG ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ )DKQHQ GLH JUR‰PlFKWLJH
5LFKWNURQH DXV 5RVHQ JUQHP /DXE XQG EXQWHQ %lQGHUQ
VFKZHUIlOOLJLP:LQGHVFKZDQNWH'DQQDEHUZDUGLQHLQHPQDKHQ
:LUWVKDXVH GHQ VlPWOLFKHQ $UEHLWHUQ DQ ODQJHQ 7LVFKHQ HLQ
)HVWPDKO PLW %LHU EHOHJWHP %XWWHUEURWXQG =LJDUUHQ JHJHEHQ XQG
PLWVHLQHU*DWWLQXQGVHLQHPNOHLQHQ6RKQHGHQ0DGDPH'HFKRDXI
GHP $UPH WUXJ VFKULWW 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN LQ GHP QLHGULJHQ
5lXPH ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ 5HLKHQ GHU 7DIHOQGHQ KLQGXUFK XQG QDKP
GDQNHQGGLH+RFKUXIHHQWJHJHQGLHPDQLKPGDUEUDFKWH
'UDX‰HQZDUG+DQQRZLHGHULQVHLQHQ:DJHQJHVHW]WXQG7KRPDV
EHUVFKULWW PLW *HUGD GHQ )DKUGDPP XP QRFK HLQHQ %OLFN DQ GHU
URWHQ )DVVDGH PLW GHQ ZHL‰HQ .DU\DWLGHQ KLQDXIJOHLWHQ ]X ODVVHQ
'UEHQ YRU GHP NOHLQHQ %OXPHQODGHQ PLW GHU VFKPDOHQ 7U XQG
GHP GUIWLJHQ 6FKDXIHQVWHUFKHQ LQ ZHOFKHP HLQ SDDU 7|SIH PLW
=ZLHEHOJHZlFKVHQ QHEHQHLQDQGHU DXI HLQHU JUQHQ *ODVVFKHLEH
SDUDGLHUWHQVWDQG,ZHUVHQGHU%HVLW]HUGHV*HVFKlIWHVHLQEORQGHU
ULHVHQVWDUNHU 0DQQ LQ ZROOHQHU -DFNH QHEHQ VHLQHU )UDX GLH ZHLW
VFKPlFKWLJHU ZDU XQG HLQHQ GXQNOHQ VGOLFKHQ *HVLFKWVW\SXV
]HLJWH 6LH KLHOW HLQHQ YLHU RGHU IQIMlKULJHQ -XQJHQ DQ GHU HLQHQ
+DQG VFKRE PLW GHU DQGHUQ HLQ :lJHOFKHQ LQ GHP HLQ NOHLQHUHV


.LQGVFKOXPPHUWHODQJVDPKLQXQGKHUXQGEHIDQGVLFKHUVLFKWOLFK
LQJXWHU+RIIQXQJ
,ZHUVHQYHUEHXJWHVLFKHEHQVRWLHIZLHXQJHVFKLFNWZlKUHQGVHLQH
)UDXGLHQLFKWDXIK|UWHGDV.LQGHUZlJHOFKHQKLQXQGKHU]XUROOHQ
DXV LKUHQ VFKZDU]HQ OlQJOLFK JHVFKQLWWHQHQ $XJHQ UXKLJ XQG
DXIPHUNVDPGLH6HQDWRULQEHWUDFKWHWHGLHDP$UPHLKUHV*DWWHQDXI
VLH]XNDP
7KRPDVEOLHEVWHKHQXQGZLHVPLWGHP6WRFNQDFKGHU5LFKWNURQH
KLQDXIª'DVKDEHQ6LHVFK|QJHPDFKW,ZHUVHQ©
ª.|PPWQLFKPLU]X+HUU6HQDWRU'DW¶VPLQ)UXHHU6DDN©
ª$K© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU NXU] ZREHL HU PLW HLQHP NOHLQHQ 5XFN
GHQ.RSIHUKRE XQGHLQH 6HNXQGHODQJ KHOOIHVW XQG IUHXQGOLFK LQ
GDV*HVLFKW)UDX,ZHUVHQVEOLFNWH8QGRKQHHLQ:RUWKLQ]X]XIJHQ
YHUDEVFKLHGHWHHUVLFKPLWHLQHUYHUELQGOLFKHQ+DQGEHZHJXQJ

6HFKVWHV.DSLWHO

(LQHV 6RQQWDJV ]X %HJLQQ GHV -XOL  6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN KDWWH


VHLW HWZD YLHU :RFKHQ VHLQ QHXHV +DXV EH]RJHQ  HUVFKLHQ )UDX
3HUPDQHGHUQRFKJHJHQ$EHQGEHLLKUHP%UXGHU6LHEHUVFKULWWGHQ
NKOHQ VWHLQHUQHQ )OXU GHU PLW 5HOLHIV QDFK 7KRUZDOGVHQ
JHVFKPFNWZDUXQGYRQGHP]XU5HFKWHQHLQH7ULQGLH&RPSWRLUV
IKUWHVFKHOOWHDQGHU:LQGIDQJWUGLHYRQGHU.FKHDXVGXUFKGHQ
'UXFNDXIHLQHQ*XPPLEDOOJH|IIQHWZHUGHQNRQQWHXQGHUIXKUDXI
GHP JHUlXPLJHQ 9RUSODW] ZR DP )X‰H GHU +DXSWWUHSSH GHU %lU
GDV*HVFKHQNGHU7LEXUWLXV¶VWDQGYRQ$QWRQGHP%HGLHQWHQGD‰
GHU 6HQDWRU QRFK EHL GHU $UEHLW VHL ª6FK|Q© VDJWH VLH ªGDQNH
$QWRQLFKJHKH]XLKP©
$EHU VLH VFKULWW ]XYRU QRFK DP .RQWRUHLQJDQJ YRUEHL HLQ ZHQLJ
QDFK UHFKWV GRUWKLQ ZR EHU LKU GDV NRORVVDOH 7UHSSHQKDXV VLFK
DXIWDW GLHVHV 7UHSSHQKDXV GDV LP HUVWHQ 6WRFNZHUN YRQ GHU
)RUWVHW]XQJGHVJX‰HLVHUQHQ7UHSSHQJHOlQGHUVJHELOGHWZDUGLQGHU
+|KHGHU]ZHLWHQ(WDJHDEHU]XHLQHUZHLWHQ6lXOHQJDOHULHLQ:HL‰


XQG *ROG ZXUGH ZlKUHQG YRQ GHU VFKZLQGHOQGHQ +|KH GHV
KLQIDOOHQGHQ /LFKWHV HLQ PlFKWLJHU JROGEODQNHU /VWHU
KHUQLHGHUVFKZHEWH«ª9RUQHKP©VDJWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHUOHLVHXQG
EHIULHGLJWLQGHPVLHLQGLHVHRIIHQHXQGKHOOH3UDFKWKLQHLQEOLFNWH
GLH LKU JDQ] HLQIDFK GLH 0DFKW GHQ *ODQ] XQG 7ULXPSK GHU
%XGGHQEURRNV EHGHXWHWH 'DQQ DEHU ILHO LKU HLQ GD‰ VLH LQ HLQHU
EHWUEHQGHQ $QJHOHJHQKHLW KLHUKHUJHNRPPHQ VHL XQG VLH ZDQGWH
VLFKODQJVDPGHP.RQWRUHLQJDQJ]X
7KRPDV ZDU JDQ] DOOHLQ GRUW GULQQHQ HU VD‰ DQ VHLQHP
)HQVWHUSODW] XQG VFKULHE HLQHQ %ULHI (U EOLFNWH DXI LQGHP HU HLQH
VHLQHU KHOOHQ %UDXHQ HPSRU]RJ XQG VWUHFNWH VHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU GLH
+DQGHQWJHJHQª¶Q$EHQG7RQ\:DVEULQJVWGX*XWHV"©
ª$FKQLFKWYLHO*XWHV7RP«1HLQGDV7UHSSHQKDXVLVWJDU]X
KHUUOLFKhEULJHQVVLW]HVWGXKLHULP+DOEGXQNHOQXQGVFKUHLEVW©
ª-D«HLQHLOLJHU%ULHI$OVRQLFKWV*XWHV"-HGHQIDOOVZROOHQZLU
HLQ EL‰FKHQ LP *DUWHQ KHUXPJHKHQ GDEHL GDV LVW DQJHQHKPHU
.RPP©
(LQ *HLJHQDGDJLR W|QWH WUHPROLHUHQG DXV GHU HUVWHQ (WDJH KHUDE
ZlKUHQGVLHEHUGLH'LHOHJLQJHQª+RUFK©VDJWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHU
XQGEOLHEHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNVWHKHQǻ*HUGDVSLHOW:LHKLPPOLVFK
2*RWWGLHVHV:HLE«VLHLVWHLQH)HH:LHJHKWHV+DQQR7RP"©
ª(UZLUGJUDGHPLWGHU-XQJPDQQ]X$EHQGHVVHQ6FKOLPPGD‰
HVPLWVHLQHP*HKHQQRFKLPPHUQLFKWVRUHFKWYRUZlUWVZLOO«©
ª'DVZLUGVFKRQNRPPHQ7RPZLUGVFKRQNRPPHQ:LHVHLGLKU
PLW,GD]XIULHGHQ"©
ª2KZLHVROOWHQZLUQLFKW]XIULHGHQVHLQ«©
6LHSDVVLHUWHQGHQUFNZlUWVJHOHJHQHQVWHLQHUQHQ)OXULQGHPVLH
GLH .FKH ]XU 5HFKWHQ OLH‰HQ XQG WUDWHQ GXUFK HLQH *ODVWU EHU
]ZHL 6WXIHQ LQ GHQ ]LHUOLFKHQ XQG GXIWHQGHQ %OXPHQJDUWHQ KLQDXV
ª1XQ"©IUDJWHGHU6HQDWRU
(VZDUZDUPXQGVWLOO'LH'IWHGHUUHLQOLFKDEJH]LUNHOWHQ%HHWH
ODJHQ LQ GHU $EHQGOXIW XQG GHU YRQ KRKHQ OLODIDUEHQHQ ,ULV
XPVWDQGHQH 6SULQJEUXQQHQ VDQGWH VHLQHQ 6WUDKO PLW IULHGOLFKHP
3OlWVFKHUQGHPGXQNOHQ+LPPHOHQWJHJHQDQGHPGLHHUVWHQ6WHUQH
]X HUJOLPPHQ EHJDQQHQ ,P +LQWHUJUXQGH IKUWH HLQH NOHLQH YRQ


]ZHL QLHGULJHQ 2EHOLVNHQ IODQNLHUWH )UHLWUHSSH ]X HLQHP HUK|KWHQ
.LHVSODW]H HPSRU DXI ZHOFKHP HLQ RIIHQHU K|O]HUQHU 3DYLOORQ
VWDQG GHU PLW VHLQHU KHUDEJHODVVHQHQ 0DUNLVH HLQLJH *DUWHQVWKOH
EHVFKLUPWH=XU/LQNHQZDUGGDV*UXQGVWFNGXUFKHLQH0DXHUYRP
1DFKEDUJDUWHQ DEJHJUHQ]W UHFKWV DEHU ZDU GLH 6HLWHQZDQG GHV
1HEHQKDXVHV LQ LKUHU JDQ]HQ +|KH PLW HLQHP K|O]HUQHQ *HUVW
YHUNOHLGHW GDV EHVWLPPW ZDU PLW GHU =HLW YRQ 6FKOLQJJHZlFKVHQ
EHGHFNW ]X ZHUGHQ (V JDE ]X GHQ 6HLWHQ GHU )UHLWUHSSH XQG GHV
3DYLOORQSODW]HV HLQ SDDU -RKDQQLV XQG 6WDFKHOEHHUVWUlXFKHU DEHU
QXU HLQ JUR‰HU %DXP ZDU GDHLQ NQRUULJHU :DOQX‰EDXP GHU OLQNV
DQ GHU 0DXHU VWDQG ª'LH 6DFKH LVW GLH© DQWZRUWHWH )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU ]|JHUQG ZlKUHQG GLH *HVFKZLVWHU DXI GHP .LHVZHJH
ODQJVDP GHQ YRUGHUHQ 3ODW] ]X XPVFKUHLWHQ EHJDQQHQ« ª7LEXUWLXV
VFKUHLEW«©
ª&ODUD"©IUDJWH7KRPDV«ª%LWWHNXU]XQGRKQH8PVWlQGH©
ª-D 7RP VLH OLHJW HV VWHKW VFKOLPP PLW LKU XQG GHU 'RNWRU
IUFKWHWGD‰HV7XEHUNHOQVLQG«*HKLUQWXEHUNXORVH«VRVFKZHUHV
PLUIlOOWHVDXV]XVSUHFKHQ6LHKKHUGLHVLVWGHU%ULHIGHQLKU0DQQ
PLUVFKUHLEW'LHVH(LQODJHGLHDQ0XWWHUDGUHVVLHUWLVWXQGLQGHU
VDJW HU GDVVHOEH VWHKW VROOHQ ZLU LKU JHEHQ QDFKGHP ZLU VLH HLQ
EL‰FKHQ YRUEHUHLWHW KDEHQ 8QG GDQQ LVW KLHU QRFK GLHVH ]ZHLWH
(LQODJH DXFK DQ 0XWWHU XQG YRQ &ODUD VHOEVW VHKU XQVLFKHU PLW
%OHLVWLIW JHVFKULHEHQ 8QG 7LEXUWLXV HU]lKOW GD‰ VLH VHOEVW GDEHL
JHVDJWKDWHVVHLHQLKUHOHW]WHQ=HLOHQGHQQHVVHLGDV7UDXULJHGD‰
VLHVLFKJDUNHLQH0KHJlEH]XOHEHQ6LHKDWVLFKMDLPPHUQDFK
GHP +LPPHO JHVHKQW«© VFKOR‰ )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU XQG WURFNQHWH
LKUH$XJHQ
'HU6HQDWRUJLQJVFKZHLJHQGGLH+lQGHDXIGHP5FNHQXQGPLW
WLHI JHVHQNWHP .RSIH QHEHQ LKU ª'X ELVW VR VWLOO 7RP« 8QG GX
KDVW UHFKW ZDV VROO PDQ VDJHQ" 8QG GLHV JUDGH MHW]W ZR DXFK
&KULVWLDQNUDQNLQ+DPEXUJOLHJW«©
'HQQVRYHUKLHOWHVVLFK&KULVWLDQVª4XDO©LQGHUOLQNHQ6HLWHZDU
LQOHW]WHU=HLW]X/RQGRQ VRVWDUN JHZRUGHQ KDWWH VLFKLQ VR UHHOOH
6FKPHU]HQ YHUZDQGHOW GD‰ HU DOOH VHLQH NOHLQHUHQ %HVFKZHUGHQ
GDUEHUYHUJHVVHQKDWWH(UKDWWHVLFKQLFKWPHKU]XKHOIHQJHZX‰W
KDWWHVHLQHU0XWWHUJHVFKULHEHQHUPVVHQDFK+DXVHNRPPHQXP
VLFK YRQ LKU SIOHJHQ ]X ODVVHQ KDWWH VHLQHQ 3ODW] LQ /RQGRQ


IDKUHQODVVHQ XQG ZDU DEJHUHLVW .DXP DEHU LQ +DPEXUJ DQJHODQJW
KDWWHHU]X%HWWHJHKHQPVVHQGHU$U]WKDWWH*HOHQNUKHXPDWLVPXV
IHVWJHVWHOOW XQG &KULVWLDQ DXV GHP +RWHO LQV .UDQNHQKDXV VFKDIIHQ
ODVVHQ GD HLQH:HLWHUUHLVH IUVHUVWH XQP|JOLFK VHL 'D ODJ HU QXQ
XQG GLNWLHUWH VHLQHP :lUWHU K|FKVW WUEVHOLJH %ULHIH« ª-D©
DQWZRUWHWH GHU 6HQDWRU OHLVH ªHV VFKHLQW GD‰ HLQV ]XP DQGHUQ
NRPPHQVROO©
6LHOHJWHHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNGHQ$UPXPVHLQH6FKXOWHUQª$EHUGX
PX‰WQLFKWYHU]DJWVHLQ7RP'D]XKDVWGXQRFKODQJHNHLQ5HFKW
'XKDVWJXWHQ0XWQ|WLJ«©
ª-DEHL*RWWGHQKlWWHLFKQ|WLJ©
ª:LHVR7RP"«6DJHPDO:DUXPZDUVWGXHLJHQWOLFKYRUJHVWHUQ
'RQQHUVWDJ GHQ JDQ]HQ 1DFKPLWWDJ VR VFKZHLJVDP ZHQQ LFK GDV
ZLVVHQGDUI"©
ª$FK« *HVFKlIWH PHLQ .LQG ,FK KDEH HLQH QLFKW JDQ] NOHLQH
3DUWLH5RJJHQQLFKWVHKUYRUWHLOKDIW«QDNXU]XQGJXWHLQHJUR‰H
3DUWLHVHKUXQYRUWHLOKDIWYHUNDXIHQPVVHQ«©
ª2KGDVNRPPWYRU7RP'DVSDVVLHUWKHXWHXQGPRUJHQEULQJVW
GX¶V ZLHGHU HLQ 6LFK GDGXUFK JOHLFK GLH 6WLPPXQJ YHUGHUEHQ ]X
ODVVHQ«©
ª)DOVFK 7RQ\© VDJWH HU XQG VFKWWHOWH GHQ .RSI ª0HLQH
6WLPPXQJLVWQLFKWXQWHU1XOOZHLOLFK0L‰HUIROJKDEH8PJHNHKUW
'DVLVWPHLQ*ODXEHXQGGDUXPWULIIWHVDXFK]X©
ª$EHU ZDV LVW HV GHQQ PLW GHLQHU 6WLPPXQJ"© IUDJWH VLH
HUVFKUHFNWXQGHUVWDXQWª0DQVROOWHDQQHKPHQ«GXVROOWHVWIU|KOLFK
VHLQ 7RP &ODUD LVW DP /HEHQ« DOOHV ZLUG JXW JHKHQ PLW *RWWHV
+LOIH8QGLPEULJHQ"+LHUJHKHQZLULQGHLQHP*DUWHQXPKHUXQG
DOOHVGXIWHWQXUVR'RUWOLHJWGHLQ+DXVHLQ7UDXPYRQHLQHP+DXV
+HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P EHZRKQWHLQH.DWH LP 9HUJOHLFK GDPLW 'DV
DOOHVKDVWGX]XZHJHJHEUDFKW«©
ª-DHVLVWIDVW]XVFK|Q7RQ\,FKZLOOVDJHQHVLVWQRFK]XQHX
(VYHUVW|UWPLFKQRFKHLQZHQLJXQGGDKHUPDJGLHEOH6WLPPXQJ
NRPPHQGLHPLU]XVHW]WXQGPLULQDOOHQ'LQJHQVFKDGHW,FKKDEH
PLFK VHKU DXI GLHV DOOHV JHIUHXW DEHU GLHVH 9RUIUHXGH ZDU ZLH MD
LPPHUGDV%HVWHGHQQGDV*XWHNRPPWLPPHU]XVSlWLPPHUZLUG


HV ]X VSlW IHUWLJ ZHQQ PDQ VLFK QLFKW PHKU UHFKW GDUEHU IUHXHQ
NDQQ«©
ª1LFKWPHKUIUHXHQ7RP-XQJZLHGXELVW©
ª0DQ LVW VR MXQJ RGHU DOW ZLH PDQ VLFK IKOW  8QG ZHQQ HV
NRPPW GDV *XWH XQG (UZQVFKWH VFKZHUIlOOLJ XQG YHUVSlWHW VR
NRPPW HV EHKDIWHW PLW DOOHP NOHLQOLFKHQ VW|UHQGHQ lUJHUOLFKHQ
%HLZHUN DOOHP 6WDXEH GHU :LUNOLFKNHLW PLW GHP PDQ LQ GHU
3KDQWDVLHQLFKWJHUHFKQHWKDWXQGGHUHLQHQUHL]W«UHL]W«©
ª-DMD«$EHUVRMXQJRGHUDOWZLHPDQVLFKIKOW7RP"©
ª-D 7RQ\ (V PDJ YRUEHUJHKHQ« HLQH 9HUVWLPPXQJ  JHZL‰
$EHU LFK IKOH PLFK LQ GLHVHU =HLW lOWHU DOV LFK ELQ ,FK KDEH
JHVFKlIWOLFKH 6RUJHQ XQG LP $XIVLFKWVUDW GHU %XFKHQHU (LVHQEDKQ
KDW PLFK .RQVXO +DJHQVWU|P JHVWHUQ JDQ] HLQIDFK ]X %RGHQ
JHUHGHW ZLGHUOHJW EHLQDKH GHP DOOJHPHLQHQ /lFKHOQ DXVJHVHW]W«
0LULVWDOVREPLUGHUJOHLFKHQIUKHUQLFKWKlWWHJHVFKHKHQN|QQHQ
0LULVWDOVREPLUHWZDV]XHQWVFKOSIHQEHJlQQHDOVRELFKGLHVHV
8QEHVWLPPWH QLFKW PHKU VR IHVW LQ +lQGHQ KLHOWH ZLH HKHPDOV«
:DV LVW GHU (UIROJ" (LQH JHKHLPH XQEHVFKUHLEOLFKH .UDIW
8PVLFKWLJNHLW%HUHLWVFKDIW«GDV%HZX‰WVHLQHLQHQ'UXFN DXI GLH
%HZHJXQJHQ GHV /HEHQV XP PLFK KHU GXUFK PHLQ EOR‰HV
9RUKDQGHQVHLQ DXV]XEHQ« 'HU *ODXEH DQ GLH *HIJLJNHLW GHV
/HEHQV ]X PHLQHQ *XQVWHQ« *OFN XQG (UIROJ VLQG LQ XQV :LU
PVVHQVLHKDOWHQIHVWWLHI6RZLHKLHUGULQQHQHWZDVQDFK]XODVVHQ
EHJLQQWVLFKDE]XVSDQQHQPGH]XZHUGHQDOVEDOGZLUG DOOHVIUHL
XPXQVKHUZLGHUVWUHEWUHEHOOLHUWHQW]LHKWVLFKXQVHUHP(LQIOX‰«
'DQQ NRPPW HLQHV ]XP DQGHUQ 6FKODSSH IROJW DXI 6FKODSSH XQG
PDQ LVW IHUWLJ ,FK KDEH LQ GHQ OHW]WHQ 7DJHQ RIW DQ HLQ WUNLVFKHV
6SULFKZRUWJHGDFKWGDVLFKLUJHQGZRODV¾:HQQGDV+DXVIHUWLJLVW
VRNRPPWGHU7RG½1XQHVEUDXFKW QRFK QLFKW JHUDGH GHU7RG ]X
VHLQ$EHUGHU5FNJDQJ«GHU$EVWLHJ«GHU$QIDQJYRP(QGH«
6LHKVW GX 7RQ\© IXKU HU IRUW LQGHP HU GHQ $UP XQWHU GHQ VHLQHU
6FKZHVWHU VFKRE XQG VHLQH 6WLPPH ZXUGH QRFK OHLVHU ª$OV ZLU
+DQQRWDXIWHQHULQQHUVWGXGLFK"'DVDJWHVWGX]XPLU¾0LULVWDOV
REMHW]WQRFKHLQHJDQ]QHXH=HLWEHJLQQHQPVVH½,FKK|UHHVQRFK
JDQ] GHXWOLFK XQGHVVFKLHQ GDQQ DOVVROOWHVW GX UHFKW EHNRPPHQ
GHQQ HV NDP GLH 6HQDWVZDKO XQG LFK KDWWH *OFN XQG KLHU ZXFKV
GDV +DXV DXV GHP (UGERGHQ $EHU ¾6HQDWRU½ XQG +DXV VLQG


bX‰HUOLFKNHLWHQ XQGLFK ZHL‰ HWZDV ZRUDQ GX QRFK QLFKW JHGDFKW
KDVW LFK ZHL‰ HV DXV /HEHQ XQG *HVFKLFKWH ,FK ZHL‰ GD‰ RIW GLH
lX‰HUHQ VLFKWEDUOLFKHQ XQG JUHLIEDUHQ =HLFKHQ XQG 6\PEROH GHV
*OFNHV XQG $XIVWLHJHV HUVW HUVFKHLQHQ ZHQQ LQ :DKUKHLW DOOHV
VFKRQ ZLHGHU DEZlUWV JHKW 'LHVH lX‰HUHQ =HLFKHQ EUDXFKHQ =HLW
DQ]XNRPPHQ ZLH GDV /LFKW HLQHV VROFKHQ 6WHUQHV GRUW REHQ YRQ
GHP ZLU QLFKW ZLVVHQ RE HU QLFKW VFKRQ LP (UO|VFKHQ EHJULIIHQ
QLFKWVFKRQHUORVFKHQLVWZHQQHUDPKHOOVWHQVWUDKOW«©
(U YHUVWXPPWH XQG VLH JLQJHQ HLQH :HLOH VFKZHLJHQG ZlKUHQG
GHU6SULQJEUXQQHQLQGHU6WLOOHSOlWVFKHUWHXQGHVLQGHU.URQHGHV
:DOQX‰EDXPHVIOVWHUWH'DQQDWPHWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHUVRPKVDP
DXIGD‰HVZLH6FKOXFK]HQNODQJª:LHWUDXULJGXVSULFKVW7RP6R
WUDXULJ ZLH QRFK QLH $EHU HV LVW JXW GD‰ GX GLFK DXVJHVSURFKHQ
KDVWXQGQXQZLUGHVGLUOHLFKWHUZHUGHQGLUDOOHVGDVDXVGHP6LQQ
]XVFKODJHQ©
ª-D7RQ\GDVPX‰LFKVRJXWHVJHKWYHUVXFKHQ8QGQXQJLEPLU
GLH EHLGHQ (LQODJHQ YRQ &ODUD XQG GHP 3DVWRU (V ZLUG GLU UHFKW
VHLQZHQQLFKGLUGLH6DFKHDEQHKPHXQGPRUJHQYRUPLWWDJVHOEVW
PLW0XWWHUVSUHFKH'LHJXWH0XWWHU$EHUZHQQHV7XEHUNHOQVLQG
VRPX‰PDQVLFKHUJHEHQ©

6LHEHQWHV.DSLWHO

ª8QGGXIUDJVWPLFKQLFKW"'XJHKVWEHUPLFKKLQZHJ"©
ª,FKKDEHJHKDQGHOWZLHLFKKDQGHOQPX‰WH©
ª'XKDVWEHUDOOH*UHQ]HQYHUZLUUWXQGYHUQXQIWORVJHKDQGHOW©
ª9HUQXQIWLVWQLFKWGDV+|FKVWHDXI(UGHQ©
ª2K NHLQH 3KUDVHQ« (V KDQGHOW VLFK XP GLH HLQIDFKVWH
*HUHFKWLJNHLW GLH GX LQ HPS|UHQGHU :HLVH DX‰HU DFKW JHODVVHQ
KDVW©
ª,FK EHPHUNH GLU PHLQ 6RKQGD‰ GX GHLQHUVHLWV LQ GHLQHP 7RQH
GLH(KUIXUFKWDX‰HUDFKWOl‰WGLHGXPLUVFKXOGHVW©


ª8QGLFKHQWJHJQHGLUPHLQHOLHEH0XWWHUGD‰LFKGLHVH(KUIXUFKW
QRFKQLHPDOVYHUJHVVHQKDEHGD‰DEHUPHLQH(LJHQVFKDIWDOV6RKQ
]X1XOOZLUGVREDOGLFKGLULQ6DFKHQGHU)LUPDXQGGHU)DPLOLHDOV
PlQQOLFKHV 2EHUKDXSW XQG DQ GHU 6WHOOH PHLQHV 9DWHUV
JHJHQEHUVWHKH«©
ª,FKZLOOQXQGD‰GXVFKZHLJVW7KRPDV©
ª2QHLQLFKZHUGHQLFKWVFKZHLJHQELVGXGHLQHPD‰ORVH7RUKHLW
XQG6FKZlFKHHUNHQQVW©
ª,FKGLVSRQLHUHEHUPHLQ9HUP|JHQZLHHVPLUEHOLHEW©
ª%LOOLJNHLWXQG9HUQXQIWVHW]HQGHLQHP%HOLHEHQ6FKUDQNHQ©
ª1LHKlWWHLFKJHGDFKWGD‰GXPLFKVR]XNUlQNHQYHUP|FKWHVW©
ª1LHKlWWHLFKJHGDFKWGD‰GXPLUVRUFNVLFKWVORVLQV*HVLFKW]X
VFKODJHQYHUP|FKWHVW«©
ª7RP« $EHU 7RP© OLH‰ VLFK )UDX 3HUPDQHGHUV YHUlQJVWLJWH
6WLPPH YHUQHKPHQ 6LH VD‰ GLH +lQGH ULQJHQG DP )HQVWHU GHV
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHUV ZlKUHQG LKU %UXGHU PLW IXUFKWEDU HUUHJWHQ
6FKULWWHQGHQ5DXP GXUFKPD‰ XQG GLH.RQVXOLQ DXIJHO|VWLQ =RUQ
XQG6FKPHU]DXIGHP6RIDVD‰LQGHPVLHVLFKPLWHLQHU+DQGDXI
GDV 3ROVWHU VWW]WH XQG GLH DQGHUH EHL HLQHP KHIWLJHQ :RUW DXI GLH
7LVFKSODWWH QLHGHUIDOOHQOLH‰ $OOH GUHL WUXJHQ 7UDXHU XP &ODUD GLH
QLFKW PHKU DXI (UGHQ ZHLOWH XQG DOOH GUHL ZDUHQ EOHLFK XQG DX‰HU
VLFK«
:DVJLQJYRU"(WZDV(QWVHW]OLFKHV*UDXHQHUUHJHQGHVHWZDVZDV
GHQ %HWHLOLJWHQ VHOEVW DOV PRQVWU|V XQG XQJODXEOLFK HUVFKLHQ (LQ
6WUHLW HLQH HUELWWHUWH $XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJ ]ZLVFKHQ 0XWWHU XQG
6RKQ
(V ZDU LP $XJXVW DQ HLQHP VFKZOHQ 1DFKPLWWDJH =HKQ 7DJH
VFKRQ QDFKGHP GHU 6HQDWRU VHLQHU 0XWWHU PLW DOOHU 9RUVLFKW GLH
EHLGHQ%ULHIHYRQ6LHYHUWXQG&ODUD7LEXUWLXVEHUUHLFKWKDWWHZDU
LKP GLH VFKZHUH $XIJDEH JHZRUGHQ GLH DOWH 'DPH PLW GHU
7RGHVQDFKULFKW ]X WUHIIHQ 'DQQ ZDU HU ]XP %HJUlEQLV QDFK 5LJD
JHUHLVW ZDU ]XVDPPHQ PLW VHLQHP 6FKZDJHU 7LEXUWLXV
]XUFNJHNHKUWGHUHLQLJH7DJHEHLGHU)DPLOLHVHLQHUHQWVFKODIHQHQ
*DWWLQ YHUEUDFKW XQG DXFK &KULVWLDQ LP +DPEXUJHU .UDQNHQKDXV
EHVXFKWKDWWH«XQGMHW]WGDGHU3DVWRUVHLW]ZHL7DJHQVLFKZLHGHU


LQ VHLQHU +HLPDW EHIDQG KDWWH GLH .RQVXOLQ LKUHP 6RKQH PLW
HUVLFKWOLFKHP =|JHUQ GLHVH (U|IIQXQJ JHPDFKW« ª+XQGHUWVLHEHQ
XQG]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQGIQIKXQGHUW .XUDQWPDUN© ULHI HU XQG
VFKWWHOWH GLH JHIDOWHWHQ +lQGH YRU VHLQHP *HVLFKW ª6HL¶V XP GLH
0LWJLIW+lWWHHUGRFKGLH$FKW]LJWDXVHQGEHKDOWHQP|JHQREJOHLFK
NHLQ .LQG YRUKDQGHQ LVW $EHU GDV (UEH &ODUD¶V (UEH LKP
]X]XVSUHFKHQ 8QG GX IUDJVW PLFK QLFKW 'X JHKVW EHU PLFK
KLQZHJ«©
ª7KRPDV XP &KULVWL ZLOOHQ OD‰ PLU *HUHFKWLJNHLW ZLGHUIDKUHQ
.RQQWH LFK GHQQ DQGHUV" .RQQWH LFK HV GHQQ"« 6LH GLH QXQ EHL
*RWWXQGDOOGHPHQWUFNWLVWVLHVFKUHLEWPLUYRQLKUHP6WHUEHEHWWH
DXV« PLW %OHLVWLIW  PLW ]LWWHUQGHU +DQG« ¾0XWWHU½ VFKUHLEW VLH
¾ZLUZHUGHQXQVKLHUXQWHQQLHPDOVZLHGHUVHKHQXQGGLHVVLQGGDV
IKOH LFK VR GHXWOLFK PHLQH OHW]WHQ =HLOHQ« 0LW PHLQHP OHW]WHQ
%HZX‰WVHLQVFKUHLEHLFKVLHGDVPHLQHP0DQQHJLOW«*RWWKDWXQV
QLFKWPLW.LQGHUQJHVHJQHWDEHUZDVPHLQJHZHVHQZlUHZHQQLFK
'LFKEHUOHEWKlWWHOD‰HVZHQQ'XPLUGHUHLQVWGRUWKLQQDFKIROJVW
 OD‰ HV LKP ]XIDOOHQ GDPLW HU HV ]X VHLQHQ /HE]HLWHQ JHQLH‰H
0XWWHUHVLVWPHLQHOHW]WH%LWWH«GLH%LWWHHLQHU6WHUEHQGHQ« 'X
ZLUVW VLH PLU QLFKW DEVFKODJHQ«½ 1HLQ 7KRPDV LFK KDEH VLH LKU
QLFKW DEJHVFKODJHQ LFK NRQQWH HV QLFKW ,FK KDEH LKU GHSHVFKLHUW
XQG VLH LVW LQ )ULHGHQ KLQEHUJHJDQJHQ«© 'LH .RQVXOLQ ZHLQWH
KHIWLJª8QGPDQJ|QQWPLUQLFKWHLQH6LOEH0DQYHUKHLPOLFKWPLU
DOOHV 0DQ JHKW EHU PLFK KLQZHJ© ZLHGHUKROWH GHU 6HQDWRU ª-D
LFK KDEH JHVFKZLHJHQ 7KRPDV GHQQ LFK IKOWH GD‰ LFK GLH OHW]WH
%LWWHPHLQHVVWHUEHQGHQ.LQGHVHUIOOHQPX‰WH«XQGLFKZHL‰GD‰
GXYHUVXFKWKlWWHVWHVPLU]XYHUELHWHQ©
ª-DEHL*RWW'DVKlWWHLFK©
ª8QG GX KlWWHVW GDV 5HFKW QLFKW GD]X JHKDEW GHQQ GUHL PHLQHU
.LQGHUVLQGHLQLJPLWPLU©
ª2K PLFK GQNW PHLQH 0HLQXQJ ZLHJW GLH ]ZHLHU 'DPHQ XQG
HLQHVPDURGHQ1DUUHQDXI«©
ª'XVSULFKVWVROLHEORVYRQGHLQHQ*HVFKZLVWHUQZLHKDUW]XPLU©
ª&ODUDZDUHLQHIURPPHDEHUXQZLVVHQGH)UDX0XWWHU8QG7RQ\
LVWHLQ .LQG GDV EULJHQV ELV ]XU 6WXQGH HEHQIDOOV QLFKWV JHZX‰W
KDW GHQQ HV KlWWH MD ]XU 8Q]HLW JHSODXGHUW QLFKW ZDKU" 8QG


&KULVWLDQ"« -D HU KDW VLFK &KULVWLDQV (LQZLOOLJXQJ YHUVFKDIIW
GLHVHU 7LEXUWLXV« :HU KlWWH GHUJOHLFKHQ YRQ LKP HUZDUWHW"«
:HL‰W GX QRFK QLFKW EHJUHLIVW GX QRFK QLFKW ZDV HU LVW GLHVHU
LQJHQL|VH3DVWRU"(LQ:LFKWLVWHU(LQ(UEVFKOHLFKHU«©
ª6FKZLHJHUV|KQHVLQGLPPHU)LORXV©VDJWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHU PLW
GXPSIHU6WLPPH
ª(LQ (UEVFKOHLFKHU :DV WXW HU" (U IlKUW QDFK +DPEXUJ HU VHW]W
VLFKDQ&KULVWLDQV%HWWXQGUHGHWDXILKQHLQ¾-D½VDJW&KULVWLDQ¾-D
7LEXUWLXV *RWW EHIRKOHQ +DEHQ 6LH HLQHQ %HJULII YRQ GHU 4XDO LQ
PHLQHU OLQNHQ 6HLWH"«½ 2K 'XPPKHLW XQG 6FKOHFKWLJNHLW VLQG
JHJHQ PLFK YHUVFKZRUHQ© 8QG GHU 6HQDWRU  DX‰HU VLFK DQ GDV
6FKPLHGHHLVHQJLWWHU GHU 2IHQQLVFKH JHOHKQW  GUFNWH VHLQH EHLGHQ
YHUVFKOXQJHQHQ+lQGHJHJHQGLH6WLUQ
'LHVHU 3DUR[\VPXV YRQ (QWUVWXQJ HQWVSUDFK QLFKW GHQ
8PVWlQGHQ 1HLQ HV ZDUHQ QLFKW GLHVH
HLQKXQGHUWVLHEHQXQG]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQGIQIKXQGHUW .XUDQWPDUN GLH
LKQLQHLQHQ=XVWDQGYHUVHW]WHQZLHLKQQRFKQLHPDOVLUJHQGMHPDQG
DQLKPEHREDFKWHWKDWWH(VZDUYLHOPHKUGLHVGD‰LQVHLQHPYRUKHU
VFKRQJHUHL]WHQ(PSILQGHQVLFKDXFKGLHVHU)DOOQRFKGHU.HWWHYRQ
1LHGHUODJHQXQG'HPWLJXQJHQDQUHLKWHGLHHUZlKUHQGGHUOHW]WHQ
0RQDWHLP*HVFKlIWXQGLQGHU6WDGWKDWWHHUIDKUHQPVVHQ«1LFKWV
IJWH VLFK PHKU 1LFKWV JLQJ PHKU QDFK VHLQHP :LOOHQ :DU HV
VRZHLW JHNRPPHQ GD‰ PDQ LP +DXVH VHLQHU 9lWHU LQ GHQ
ZLFKWLJVWHQ $QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ EHU LKQ KLQZHJJLQJ©«" 'D‰ HLQ
5LJDHU 3DVWRU LKQ UFNOLQJV EHUW|OSHOWH"« (U KlWWH HV YHUKLQGHUQ
N|QQHQ DEHU VHLQ (LQIOX‰ ZDU JDU QLFKW HUSUREW ZRUGHQ 'LH
(UHLJQLVVHZDUHQRKQHLKQLKUHQ*DQJJHJDQJHQ $EHULKPVFKLHQ
GD‰ GDV IUKHU QLFKW KlWWH JHVFKHKHQ N|QQHQ GD‰ HV IUKHU QLFKW
JHZDJWKDEHQZUGH]XJHVFKHKHQ(VZDUHLQHQHXH(UVFKWWHUXQJ
GHVHLJHQHQ*ODXEHQVDQVHLQ*OFNVHLQH0DFKWVHLQH=XNXQIW«
8QGHVZDUQLFKWVDOVVHLQHLQQHUH6FKZlFKHXQG9HU]ZHLIOXQJGLH
YRU0XWWHUXQG6FKZHVWHUZlKUHQGGLHVHV$XIWULWWHVKHUYRUEUDFK
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU VWDQG DXI XQG XPDUPWH LKQ ª7RP© VDJWH VLH
ªEHUXKLJH GLFK GRFK .RPP GRFK ]X GLU ,VW HV VR VFKOLPP 'X
PDFKVW GLFK MD NUDQN 7LEXUWLXV EUDXFKW MD QLFKW JDU VR ODQJH ]X
OHEHQ« XQG QDFK VHLQHP 7RGH IlOOW MD GDV (UEWHLO DQ XQV ]XUFN


8QGHVVROOMDDXFKJHlQGHUWZHUGHQZHQQGXZLOOVW.DQQHVQLFKW
JHlQGHUWZHUGHQ0DPD"©
'LH.RQVXOLQDQWZRUWHWHQXUPLW6FKOXFK]HQª1HLQ«DFKQHLQ©
VDJWHGHU6HQDWRULQGHPHUVLFK]XVDPPHQUDIIWHXQGPLWGHU+DQG
HLQHVFKZDFKDEOHKQHQGH*HVWHEHVFKULHEª(VLVWZLHHVLVW0HLQW
LKU LFK ZHUGH LQ GLH *HULFKWH ODXIHQ XQG JHJHQ PHLQH 0XWWHU
SUR]HVVLHUHQ XP GHP LQWHUQHQ 6NDQGDO HLQHQ |IIHQWOLFKHQ
KLQ]X]XIJHQ" (V JHKH ZLH HV ZLOO«© VFKOR‰ HU XQG JLQJ PLW
HUVFKODIIWHQ %HZHJXQJHQ ]XU *ODVWU ZR HU QRFK HLQPDO
VWHKHQEOLHE ª1XU JODXEW QLFKW GD‰ HV ]XP EHVWHQ PLW XQV VWHKW©
VDJWHHUJHGlPSIWª7RQ\KDWDFKW]LJWDXVHQG.XUDQWPDUNYHUORUHQ«
XQG &KULVWLDQ KDW DX‰HU VHLQHU 0LWJLIW YRQ IQI]LJWDXVHQG GLH HU
YHUWDQVFKRQDQGLHGUHL‰LJWDXVHQG9RUVFKX‰YHUEUDXFKW«GLHVLFK
YHUPHKUHQ ZHUGHQ GD HU RKQH 9HUGLHQVW LVW XQG HLQH .XU LQ
2H\QKDXVHQ JHEUDXFKHQ ZLUG« 1XQIlOOW QLFKW QXU &ODUD¶V 0LWJLIW
IU LPPHU VRQGHUQ GHUHLQVW DXFK LKU JDQ]HU 9HUP|JHQVDQWHLO IU
XQEHVWLPPWH=HLWDXVGHU)DPLOLHKLQDXV«8QGGLH*HVFKlIWHJHKHQ
VFKOHFKW VLH JHKHQ ]XP 9HU]ZHLIHOQ JHQDX VHLW GHU =HLW GD‰ LFK
PHKU DOV +XQGHUWWDXVHQG DQ PHLQ +DXV JHZDQGW KDEH« 1HLQ HV
VWHKW QLFKW JXW XP HLQH )DPLOLHLQ GHU9HUDQODVVXQJ JHJHEHQ ZLUG
]X$XIWULWWHQZLHGLHVHUKLHU*ODXEWPLUJODXEWPLUGDVHLQH:lUH
9DWHUDP/HEHQZlUHHUKLHUEHLXQV]XJHJHQHUZUGHGLH+lQGH
IDOWHQXQGXQVDOOHGHU*QDGH*RWWHVHPSIHKOHQ©

$FKWHV.DSLWHO

.ULHJ XQG .ULHJVJHVFKUHL (LQTXDUWLHUXQJ XQG *HVFKlIWLJNHLW


3UHX‰LVFKH2IIL]LHUHEHZHJHQVLFKLQGHUSDUNHWWLHUWHQ=LPPHUIOXFKW
GHU%HO(WDJHYRQ6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRNVQHXHP+DXVHNVVHQGHU
+DXVGDPH GLH +lQGH XQG ZHUGHQ YRQ &KULVWLDQ GHU YRQ
2H\QKDXVHQ]XUFNJHNHKUWLVWLQGHQ.OXEHLQJHIKUWZlKUHQGLP
0HQJVWUD‰HQKDXVH 0DPVHOO 6HYHULQ 5LHFNFKHQ 6HYHULQ GHU
.RQVXOLQ QHXH -XQJIHU ]XVDPPHQ PLW GHQ 0lGFKHQ HLQH 0HQJH


0DWUDW]HQLQGDV¾3RUWDO½GDVDOWH*DUWHQKDXVVFKOHSSWGDVYROOYRQ
6ROGDWHQLVW
*HZLPPHO9HUVW|UXQJXQG6SDQQXQJEHUDOO 'LH0DQQVFKDIWHQ
]LHKHQ ]XP 7RUH KLQDXV QHXH UFNHQ HLQ EHUIOXWHQ GLH 6WDGW
HVVHQVFKODIHQHUIOOHQGLH2KUHQGHU%UJHUPLW7URPPHOZLUEHOQ
7URPSHWHQVLJQDOHQ XQG .RPPDQGRUXIHQ XQG PDUVFKLHUHQ ZLHGHU
DE .|QLJOLFKH 3ULQ]HQ ZHUGHQ EHJU‰W 'XUFKPDUVFK IROJW DXI
'XUFKPDUVFK'DQQ6WLOOHXQG(UZDUWXQJ
,P 6SlWKHUEVW XQG :LQWHU NHKUHQ GLH 7UXSSHQ VLHJUHLFK ]XUFN
ZHUGHQ ZLHGHUXP HLQTXDUWLHUW XQG ]LHKHQ XQWHU GHQ +RFKUXIHQ GHU
DXIDWPHQGHQ %UJHU QDFK +DXVH  )ULHGH 'HU NXU]H
HUHLJQLVVFKZDQJHUH)ULHGHYRQ
8QG]ZLVFKHQ]ZHL.ULHJHQXQEHUKUWXQGUXKHYROOLQGHQ)DOWHQ
VHLQHV6FKU]HQNOHLGFKHQVXQGGHP*HORFNVHLQHVZHLFKHQ+DDUHV
VSLHOWGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQLP*DUWHQDP6SULQJEUXQQHQRGHUDXIGHP
¾$OWDQ½ GHU HLJHQV IU LKQ GXUFK HLQH NOHLQH 6lXOHQHVWUDGH YRP
9RUSODW] GHU ]ZHLWHQ (WDJH DEJHWUHQQW LVW GLH 6SLHOH VHLQHU
YLHUHLQKDOE -DKUH« 'LHVH 6SLHOH GHUHQ 7LHIVLQQ XQG 5HL] NHLQ
(UZDFKVHQHUPHKU]XYHUVWHKHQYHUPDJXQG]XGHQHQQLFKWVZHLWHU
Q|WLJLVWDOVGUHL.LHVHOVWHLQHRGHUHLQ6WFN+RO]GDVYLHOOHLFKWHLQH
/|ZHQ]DKQEOWH DOV +HOP WUlJW YRU DOOHP DEHU GLH UHLQH VWDUNH
LQEUQVWLJH NHXVFKH QRFK XQYHUVW|UWH XQG XQHLQJHVFKFKWHUWH
3KDQWDVLHMHQHVJOFNVHOLJHQ$OWHUVZRGDV/HEHQVLFKQRFKVFKHXW
XQV DQ]XWDVWHQ ZR QRFK ZHGHU 3IOLFKW QRFK 6FKXOG +DQG DQ XQV
]XOHJHQ ZDJW ZR ZLU VHKHQ K|UHQ ODFKHQ VWDXQHQ XQG WUlXPHQ
GUIHQRKQHGD‰QRFKGLH:HOW'LHQVWHYRQXQVYHUODQJW«ZRGLH
8QJHGXOGGHUHUGLH ZLUGRFKOLHEHQ P|FKWHQ XQV QRFKQLFKW QDFK
$Q]HLFKHQ XQG HUVWHQ %HZHLVHQ TXlOW GD‰ ZLU GLHVH 'LHQVWH PLW
7FKWLJNHLWZHUGHQOHLVWHQN|QQHQ«$FKQLFKWODQJHPHKUXQGPLW
SOXPSHU hEHUPDFKW ZLUG DOOHV EHU XQV KHUIDOOHQ XP XQV ]X
YHUJHZDOWLJHQ]XH[HU]LHUHQ]XVWUHFNHQ]XNU]HQ]XYHUGHUEHQ«
*UR‰H 'LQJH JHVFKDKHQ ZlKUHQG +DQQR VSLHOWH 'HU .ULHJ
HQWEUDQQWH GHU 6LHJ VFKZDQNWH XQG HQWVFKLHG VLFK XQG +DQQR
%XGGHQEURRNV 9DWHUVWDGW GLH NOXJ ]X 3UHX‰HQ JHVWDQGHQ KDWWH
EOLFNWHQLFKWRKQH*HQXJWXXQJDXIGDVUHLFKH)UDQNIXUWGDVVHLQHQ
*ODXEHQDQgVWHUUHLFKEH]DKOHQPX‰WHLQGHPHVDXIK|UWHHLQH)UHLH
6WDGW]XVHLQ


%HL GHP )DOOLVVHPHQW HLQHU )UDQNIXUWHU *UR‰ILUPD DEHU LP -XOL
XQPLWWHOEDU YRU (LQWULWW GHV :DIIHQVWLOOVWDQGHV YHUORU GDV +DXV
-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN PLW HLQHP 6FKODJH GLH UXQGH 6XPPH YRQ
]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQG7DOHUQ.XUDQW


$&+7(57(,/

(UVWHV.DSLWHO

:HQQ +HUU +XJR :HLQVFKHQN VHLW HLQLJHU =HLW 'LUHNWRU LP


'LHQVWHGHU 6WlGWLVFKHQ )HXHUYHUVLFKHUXQJVJHVHOOVFKDIW PLW VHLQHP
JHVFKORVVHQHQ /HLEURFN VHLQHP VFKPDOHQ VFKZDU]HQ DXI
PlQQOLFKH XQG HUQVWH $UW LQ GLH 0XQGZLQNHO KLQHLQJHZDFKVHQHQ
6FKQXUUEDUWXQGVHLQHUHWZDVKlQJHQGHQ8QWHUOLSSHZLHJHQGHQXQG
VHOEVWEHZX‰WHQ 6FKULWWHV EHU GLH JUR‰H 'LHOH VFKULWW XP VLFK YRQ
GHQ YRUGHUHQ %XUHDXV LQ GLH KLQWHUHQ ]X EHJHEHQ ZREHL HU VHLQH
EHLGHQ)lXVWHYRUVLFKKHUWUXJXQGGLH(OOHQERJHQLQOHJHUHU:HLVH
DQGHQ6HLWHQEHZHJWHERWHUGDV%LOGHLQHVWlWLJHQZRKOVLWXLHUWHQ
XQGLPSRQLHUHQGHQ0DQQHV
$QGHUHUVHLWV ZDU (ULND *UQOLFK QXQ ]ZDQ]LJMlKULJ HLQ JUR‰HV
HUEOKWHV 0lGFKHQ IULVFKIDUELJ XQG KEVFK YRU *HVXQGKHLW XQG
.UDIW )KUWH GHU =XIDOO VLH GLH 7UHSSH KLQDE RGHU DQ GDV REHUH
*HOlQGHU ZHQQ HEHQ +HUU :HLQVFKHQN GHV :HJHV NDP  XQG GHU
=XIDOOWDWGLHVQLFKWVHOWHQVRQDKPGHU'LUHNWRUGHQ=\OLQGHUYRQ
VHLQHPNXU]HQVFKZDU]HQ+DXSWKDDUGDVDQGHQ6FKOlIHQVFKRQ]X
HUJUDXHQEHJDQQZLHJWHVLFKVWlUNHULQGHU7DLOOHVHLQHV*HKURFNHV
XQG EHJU‰WH GDV MXQJH 0lGFKHQ PLW HLQHP HUVWDXQWHQ XQG
EHZXQGHUQGHQ %OLFN VHLQHU NKQ XPKHUVFKZHLIHQGHQ EUDXQHQ
$XJHQ« ZRUDXI (ULND GDYRQOLHI VLFK LUJHQGZR DXI HLQH
)HQVWHUEDQNVHW]WHXQGYRU5DWORVLJNHLWXQG9HUZLUUXQJHLQH6WXQGH
ODQJZHLQWH
)UlXOHLQ *UQOLFK ZDU XQWHU 7KHUHVH :HLFKEURGWV 2EKXW LQ
=FKWHQKHUDQJHZDFKVHQXQGLKUH*HGDQNHQJLQJHQQLFKWZHLW6LH
ZHLQWH EHU +HUUQ :HLQVFKHQNV =\OLQGHU GLH $UW PLW GHU HU EHL
LKUHP $QEOLFN VHLQH %UDXHQ HPSRU]XFNHQ XQG ZLHGHU IDOOHQ OLH‰
VHLQH K|FKVW N|QLJOLFKH +DOWXQJ XQG VHLQH EDODQFLHUHQGHQ )lXVWH
,KUH0XWWHULQ]ZLVFKHQ)UDX3HUPDQHGHUVDKZHLWHU
'LH=XNXQIWLKUHU7RFKWHUEHNPPHUWHVLHVHLW-DKUHQGHQQ(ULND
ZDU YHUJOLFKHQ PLW DQGHUHQ KHLUDWVIlKLJHQ 0lGFKHQ MD LP
1DFKWHLOH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU YHUNHKUWH QLFKW QXU QLFKW LQ GHU


*HVHOOVFKDIWVLHOHEWHLQ)HLQGVFKDIWPLWLKU'LH$QQDKPHGD‰PDQ
VLHLQGHQHUVWHQ.UHLVHQDXI*UXQGLKUHU]ZHLPDOLJHQ6FKHLGXQJDOV
PLQGHUZHUWLJ EHWUDFKWHWH ZDU LKU HLQ ZHQLJ ]XU IL[HQ ,GHH
JHZRUGHQ XQG VLH VDK 9HUDFKWXQJ XQG *HKlVVLJNHLW GD ZR
ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK QLFKWV DOV *OHLFKJOWLJNHLW YRUKDQGHQ ZDU
:DKUVFKHLQOLFK ]XP %HLVSLHO ZUGH.RQVXO +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P
GLHVHU IUHLVLQQLJH XQG OR\DOH .RSI GHQ GHU 5HLFKWXP KHLWHU XQG
ZRKOZROOHQG PDFKWH VLH DXI GHU 6WUD‰H JHJU‰W KDEHQ ZHQQ GHU
%OLFN PLW GHP VLH ]XUFNJHZRUIHQHQ +DXSWHV DQ VHLQHP *HVLFKWH
YRUEHLVDK GLHVHP ª*lQVHOHEHUSDVWHWHQJHVLFKW© GDV VLH PLW HLQHP
LKUHUVWDUNHQ:RUWHªKD‰WHZLHGLH3HVW©HVLKPQLFKWDXIVVWUHQJVWH
YHUERWHQKlWWH6RNDPHVGD‰DXFK(ULNDGHU6SKlUHLKUHV2QNHOV
GHV 6HQDWRUV GXUFKDXVIHUQVWDQG GD‰VLH NHLQH %DOOH EHVXFKWH XQG
+HUUHQEHNDQQWVFKDIWHQ]XPDFKHQVLFKLKUZHQLJ*HOHJHQKHLWERW
'HQQRFK ZDU HV EHVRQGHUV VHLW VLH VHOEVW ZLH VLH VDJWH
ªDEJHZLUWVFKDIWHW©KDWWH)UDX$QWRQLHQVKHL‰HVWHU:XQVFKGD‰LKUH
7RFKWHU GLH +RIIQXQJHQ HUIOOHQ P|JH GLH LKU GHU 0XWWHU
IHKOJHVFKODJHQ XQG HLQH +HLUDW PDFKHQ ZHOFKH YRUWHLOKDIW XQG
JOFNOLFK GHU )DPLOLH ]XU (KUH JHUHLFKHQ XQG GLH 6FKLFNVDOH GHU
0XWWHUYHUJHVVHQODVVHQZUGH,QHUVWHU/LQLHLKUHPlOWHUHQ%UXGHU
JHJHQEHU GHU LQ OHW]WHU =HLW VR JHULQJH +RIIQXQJVIUHXGLJNHLW DQ
GHQ7DJOHJWHVHKQWH7RQ\VLFKQDFKHLQHP%HZHLVHGD‰GDV*OFN
GHU)DPLOLHQRFKQLFKWHUVFK|SIWGD‰VLHNHLQHVZHJVVFKRQDP(QGH
DQJHODQJW VHL ,KUH ]ZHLWH 0LWJLIW GLH VLHE]HKQWDXVHQG 7DOHU GLH
+HUU 3HUPDQHGHU PLW VR YLHO .XODQ] ZLHGHU KHUDXVJHJHEHQ KDWWH
ODJHQIU(ULNDEHUHLWXQGNDXPKDWWH)UDX$QWRQLHVFKDUIlXJLJXQG
HUIDKUHQ GLH ]DUWH 9HUELQGXQJ EHPHUNW GLH VLFK ]ZLVFKHQ LKUHU
7RFKWHU XQG GHP 'LUHNWRU DQJHVSRQQHQ KDWWH DOV VLH VFKRQ GHQ
+LPPHO PLW *HEHWHQ DQ]XJHKHQ EHJDQQ +HUU :HLQVFKHQN P|JH
9LVLWHPDFKHQ
(U WDW HV (U HUVFKLHQ LQ GHU HUVWHQ (WDJH ZDUG YRQ GHQ GUHL
'DPHQ *UR‰PXWWHU 7RFKWHU XQG (QNHOLQ HPSIDQJHQ SODXGHUWH
]HKQ 0LQXWHQ ODQJ XQG YHUVSUDFK QDFKPLWWDJV XP GLH .DIIHH]HLW
HLQPDO]X]ZDQJORVHU8QWHUKDOWXQJZLHGHU]XNRPPHQ
$XFKGDVJHVFKDKXQGPDQOHUQWHHLQDQGHUNHQQHQ'HU'LUHNWRU
ZDU DXV 6FKOHVLHQ JHEUWLJ ZRVHOEVW VHLQ DOWHU 9DWHU QRFK OHEWH
VHLQH )DPLOLH LQGHVVFKLHQ QLFKW LQ %HWUDFKW ]X NRPPHQ XQG +XJR


:HLQVFKHQNYLHOPHKUHLQ6HOIPDGHPDQ]XVHLQ(UEHVD‰GDVQLFKW
DQJHERUHQH QLFKW JDQ] VLFKHUH HWZDV EHUWULHEHQH XQG HWZDV
PL‰WUDXLVFKH 6HOEVWEHZX‰WVHLQ HLQHV VROFKHQ VHLQH )RUPHQ ZDUHQ
QLFKW HEHQ YROONRPPHQ XQG VHLQH .RQYHUVDWLRQ YRQ +HU]HQ
XQJHZDQGWhEULJHQV]HLJWHVHLQHWZDVNOHLQEUJHUOLFKJHVFKQLWWHQHU
*HKURFN HLQLJH EODQNH 6WHOOHQ VHLQH 0DQVFKHWWHQ PLW GHQ JUR‰HQ
-HWWNQ|SIHQZDUHQQLFKWJDQ]IULVFKXQGVDXEHUXQGDP0LWWHOILQJHU
GHU OLQNHQ +DQG ZDU LQIROJH LUJHQGHLQHV 8QJOFNVIDOOHV GHU 1DJHO
Y|OOLJYHUGRUUWXQGNRKOVFKZDU]HLQ]LHPOLFKXQHUIUHXOLFKHU$QEOLFN
GHU DEHU QLFKW KLQGHUWH GD‰ +XJR :HLQVFKHQN HLQ
KRFKDFKWXQJVZHUWHUIOHL‰LJHUHQHUJLVFKHU0HQVFKPLW]Z|OIWDXVHQG
.XUDQWPDUN MlKUOLFKHU (LQNQIWH XQG LQ (ULND *UQOLFKV $XJHQ
VRJDUHLQVFK|QHU0DQQZDU
)UDX3HUPDQHGHUKDWWHUDVFKGLH/DJHEHUEOLFNWXQGDEJHVFKlW]W
6LH VSUDFK VLFK JHJHQ GLH .RQVXOLQ XQG GHQ 6HQDWRU RIIHQ GDUEHU
DXV (V ZDU NODU GD‰ GLH ,QWHUHVVHQ VLFK HQWJHJHQNDPHQ XQG VLFK
HUJlQ]WHQ 'LUHNWRU :HLQVFKHQN ZDU ZLH (ULND RKQH MHJOLFKH
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH 9HUELQGXQJ GLH EHLGHQ ZDUHQ JHUDGH]X
DXIHLQDQGHU DQJHZLHVHQ XQG YRQ *RWW HUVLFKWOLFK IUHLQDQGHU
EHVWLPPW :ROOWH GHU 'LUHNWRU GHU VLFK GHQ 9LHU]LJ QlKHUWH XQG
GHVVHQ +DXSWKDDU VLFK ]X PHOLHUHQ EHJDQQ HLQHQ +DXVVWDQG
JUQGHQ ZDV VHLQHU 6WHOOXQJ ]XNDP XQG VHLQHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVHQ
HQWVSUDFKVRHU|IIQHWHLKPGLH9HUELQGXQJPLW(ULND*UQOLFKGHQ
(LQWULWWLQHLQHGHUHUVWHQ)DPLOLHQGHU6WDGWXQGZDUJHHLJQHWLKQLQ
VHLQHP%HUXIH]XI|UGHUQLQVHLQHU3RVLWLRQ]XEHIHVWLJHQ:DVDEHU
(ULND¶V:RKOIDKUWEHWUDIVRGXUIWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHUVLFKVDJHQGD‰
ZHQLJVWHQV LKUHHLJHQHQ 6FKLFNVDOH LQ GLHVHP )DOOH DXVJHVFKORVVHQ
VHLHQ 0LW +HUUQ 3HUPDQHGHU ZLHV +XJR :HLQVFKHQN QLFKW GLH
JHULQJVWH bKQOLFKNHLWDXIXQG YRQ %HQGL[ *UQOLFK XQWHUVFKLHG HU
VLFKGXUFKVHLQH(LJHQVFKDIWDOVVROLGVLWXLHUWHU%HDPWHUPLWIHVWHP
*HKDOWGLHHLQHZHLWHUH.DUULHUHQLFKWDXVVFKOR‰
0LW HLQHP :RUWH HV ZDU DXI EHLGHQ 6HLWHQ YLHO JXWHU :LOOH
YRUKDQGHQ GLH 1DFKPLWWDJVEHVXFKH 'LUHNWRU :HLQVFKHQNV
ZLHGHUKROWHQVLFKLQUDVFKHU)ROJHXQGLP-DQXDUGHP-DQXDUGHV
-DKUHV±JHVWDWWHWHHUVLFKPLWHLQLJHQNXU]HQPlQQOLFKHQXQG
JHUDGHQ:RUWHQXP(ULND*UQOLFKV+DQG]XELWWHQ


9RQ QXQ DQ JHK|UWH HU ]XU )DPLOLH EHJDQQ DQ GHQ .LQGHUWDJHQ
WHLO]XQHKPHQ XQG ZDUG YRQ GHQ $QJHK|ULJHQ VHLQHU %UDXW PLW
=XYRUNRPPHQKHLWDXIJHQRPPHQ2KQH =ZHLIHO HPSIDQGHUVRIRUW
GD‰HUXQWHULKQHQQLFKWUHFKWDP3ODW]HZDUDEHUHUYHUNOHLGHWHGLHV
*HIKOPLWHLQHUGHVWRNKQHUHQ+DOWXQJ XQG GLH.RQVXOLQ 2QNHO
-XVWXV 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN  ZHQQ DXFK QLFKW JHUDGH GLH 'DPHQ
%XGGHQEURRN DXV GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H  ZDUHQ JHJHQEHU GLHVHP
WFKWLJHQ %XUHDXPHQVFKHQ GLHVHP JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFK XQHUIDKUHQHQ
0DQQHGHUKDUWHQ$UEHLW]XWDNWYROOHU1DFKVLFKWEHUHLW
6LH ZDU YRQQ|WHQ GHQQ LPPHU ZLHGHU JDOW HV PLW HLQHP
EHOHEHQGHQXQGDEOHQNHQGHQ:RUWHHLQH6WLOOH]XYHUVFKHXFKHQGLH
VLFK DQ GHU )DPLOLHQWDIHO LP (‰VDDOH DXVEUHLWHWH ZHQQ HWZD GHU
'LUHNWRUVLFKLQDOO]XQHFNLVFKHU$UWPLW(ULND¶V:DQJHQXQG$UPHQ
EHVFKlIWLJWH ZHQQ HU VLFK JHVSUlFKVZHLVH HUNXQGLJWH RE
2UDQJHQPDUPHODGH HLQH 0HKOVSHLVH VHL  ª0HKOVFKSHLV© VDJWH HU
PLW NHFNHU %HWRQXQJ  RGHU ZHQQ HU GHU 0HLQXQJ $XVGUXFN JDE
¾5RPHR XQG -XOLD½ VHL HLQ 6WFN YRQ 6FKLOOHU 'LQJH GLH HU XQWHU
VRUJORVHP +lQGHUHLEHQ GHQ 2EHUN|USHU VFKUlJ JHJHQ GLH
6WXKOOHKQH ]XUFNJHZRUIHQ PLW YLHOHU )ULVFKH XQG )HVWLJNHLW
KHUYRUEUDFKWH
$P EHVWHQ YHUVWlQGLJWH HUVLFK PLW GHP 6HQDWRU GHU EHU 3ROLWLN
XQG *HVFKlIWOLFKHV LQ HLQH 8QWHUKDOWXQJ PLW LKP VLFKHU ]X VWHXHUQ
ZX‰WH RKQH GD‰ HLQ 8QJOFN JHVFKDK 9ROONRPPHQ YHU]ZHLIHOW
DEHU JHVWDOWHWH VLFK VHLQ 9HUKlOWQLV ]X *HUGD %XGGHQEURRN 'LH
3HUV|QOLFKNHLWGLHVHU'DPHEHIUHPGHWHLKQLQVROFKHP*UDGHGD‰HU
DX‰HUVWDQGH ZDU HLQHQ DXFK QXU IU ]ZHL 0LQXWHQ DXVUHLFKHQGHQ
*HVSUlFKVVWRII IU VLH ]X ILQGHQ 'D HU ZX‰WH GD‰ VLH GLH 9LROLQH
VSLHOWHXQGGLHVH7DWVDFKHVWDUNHQ(LQGUXFNDXILKQJHPDFKWKDWWH
VR EHVFKUlQNWH HU VLFK GDUDXI EHL MHGHP =XVDPPHQWUHIIHQ DP
'RQQHUVWDJDXIVQHXHGLHVFKHU]KDIWH)UDJHDQ VLH ]X ULFKWHQ ª:LH
JHKW¶VGHU*HLJH"©1DFKGHPGULWWHQ0DOHDEHUEHUHLWVHQWKLHOWGLH
6HQDWRULQVLFKMHGHU$QWZRUWKLHUDXI
&KULVWLDQ VHLQHUVHLWV SIOHJWH VHLQHQ QHXHQ 9HUZDQGWHQ PLW
JHNUDXVWHU 1DVH ]X EHREDFKWHQ XQG DP QlFKVWHQ 7DJH VHLQ
%HQHKPHQ XQG VHLQH 6SUHFKZHLVH HLQJHKHQG QDFK]XDKPHQ 'HU
]ZHLWH 6RKQ GHV VHOLJHQ .RQVXOV -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN ZDU LQ
2H\QKDXVHQ YRQ VHLQHP *HOHQNUKHXPDWLVPXV JHQHVHQ DEHU HLQH


JHZLVVH6WHLIKHLWGHU*OLHGHUGDXHUWHQRFKIRUWXQGGLHSHULRGLVFKH
ª4XDO© LQ VHLQHU OLQNHQ 6HLWH ± GRUW ZR ªDOOH 1HUYHQ ]X NXU]©
ZDUHQ ± VRZLH GLH VRQVWLJHQ 6W|UXQJHQ GHQHQ HU VLFK DXVJHVHW]W
IKOWH  $WPXQJV XQG 6FKOXFNEHVFKZHUGHQ 8QUHJHOPl‰LJNHLWHQ
GHV +HU]HQV XQG 1HLJXQJ ]X /lKPXQJVHUVFKHLQXQJHQ RGHU )XUFKW
GDYRU ± ZDUHQ NHLQHVZHJV DXV GHU :HOW JHVFKDIIW $XFK ZDU VHLQ
bX‰HUHV NDXP GDVMHQLJH HLQHV 0DQQHV GHU HUVW DP (QGH GHU
'UHL‰LJHU VWHKW 6HLQ 6FKlGHO ZDU YROOVWlQGLJ HQWEO|‰W QXU DP
+LQWHUNRSIXQGDQGHQ6FKODIHQVWDQGQRFKHLQZHQLJVHLQHVGQQHQ
U|WOLFKHQ +DDUHV XQG VHLQH NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ $XJHQ GLH PLW
XQUXKLJHP(UQVWHXPKHUVFKZHLIWHQODJHQWLHIHUDOVMHPDOV LQ LKUHQ
+|KOHQ*HZDOWLJHUDEHUDXFKXQGNQRFKLJHUDOVMHPDOVVSUDQJVHLQH
JUR‰H JHK|FNHUWH 1DVH ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ KDJHUHQ XQG IDKOHQ :DQJHQ
KHUYRU EHU GHP GLFKWHQ URWEORQGHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW GHU GHQ 0XQG
EHUKLQJ 8QG GLH +RVH DXV GXUDEOHP XQG HOHJDQWHP HQJOLVFKHQ
6WRIIXPVFKORWWHUWHVHLQHGUUHQJHNUPPWHQ%HLQH
6HLW VHLQHU +HLPNHKU EHZRKQWH HU ZLH HKHPDOV HLQ =LPPHU DP
.RUULGRUGHUHUVWHQ(WDJHLP+DXVHVHLQHU0XWWHUKLHOWVLFKMHGRFK
PHKULP.OXEDOVLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HDXIGHQQGRUW ZXUGH LKP GDV
/HEHQ QLFKW VHKU DQJHQHKP JHPDFKW 5LHFNFKHQ 6HYHULQ QlPOLFK
,GD-XQJPDQQV1DFKIROJHULQGLHQXQGLH'LHQVWERWHQGHU.RQVXOLQ
UHJLHUWH XQG GHQ +DXVVWDQG IKUWH HLQ XQWHUVHW]WHV
VLHEHQXQG]ZDQ]LJMlKULJHV *HVFK|SI YRP /DQGH PLW URWHQ
JHVSUXQJHQHQ :DQJHQ XQG DXIJHZRUIHQHQ /LSSHQ KDWWH PLW
ElXHUOLFKHP 6LQQ IU 7DWVDFKHQ HUNDQQW GD‰ DXI GLHVHQ
EHVFKlIWLJXQJVORVHQ *HVFKLFKWHQHU]lKOHU GHU DEZHFKVHOQG DOEHUQ
XQG HOHQG ZDU XQG EHU GHQ GLH 5HVSHNWVSHUVRQ GHU 6HQDWRU PLW
HUKREHQHU $XJHQEUDXH KLQZHJVDK QLFKW YLHO 5FNVLFKW ]X QHKPHQ
VHLXQGVLHYHUQDFKOlVVLJWHJDQ]HLQIDFKVHLQH%HGUIQLVVHª-H+HUU
%XGGHQEURRN©VDJWHVLHª,FKKDE¶QXNHLQH=HLWIU,KQHQ©:RUDXI
&KULVWLDQ VLH PLW NUDXVHU 1DVH DQEOLFNWH DOV ZROOWH HU VDJHQ
¾6FKlPVWGXGLFKJDUQLFKW"½ XQGPLWVWHLIHQ*HOHQNHQVHLQHV:HJHV
JLQJ ª0HLQVW GX LFK KDEH LPPHU HLQH .HU]H"© VDJWH HU ]X 7RQ\
ª6HOWHQ 0HLVWHQV PX‰ LFK PLW HLQHP 6WUHLFKKRO] ]X %HWWH JHKHQ©
2GHUHUHUNOlUWHDXFKGHQQGDV7DVFKHQJHOGGDVVHLQH0XWWHULKP
QRFKEHZLOOLJHQNRQQWHZDUJHULQJª6FKOHFKWH=HLWHQ-DGDVZDU


IUKHUDOOHVDQGHUV:DVPHLQVWGXZRKOLFKPX‰PLUMHW]WRIWIQI
6FKLOOLQJHIU=DKQSXOYHUOHLKHQ©
ª&KULVWLDQ© ULHI )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ª:LH XQZUGLJ 0LW HLQHP
6WUHLFKKRO])QI6FKLOOLQJH6SULFKGRFKZHQLJVWHQVQLFKWGDYRQ©
6LH ZDU HQWUVWHW HPS|UW LQ LKUHQ KHLOLJVWHQ *HIKOHQ EHOHLGLJW
DOOHLQGDVlQGHUWHQLFKWV
'LH IQI 6FKLOOLQJH IU =DKQSXOYHU HQWOLHK &KULVWLDQ YRQ VHLQHP
DOWHQ )UHXQGH $QGUHDV *LHVHNH 'RNWRU EHLGHU 5HFKWH (U KDWWH
*OFN PLW GLHVHU )UHXQGVFKDIW XQG VLH HKUWH LKQ GHQQ GHU
5HFKWVDQZDOW *LHVHNH GLHVHU 6XLWLHU GHU GLH :UGH ]X ZDKUHQ
ZX‰WHZDULPYHUJDQJHQHQ:LQWHUDOVGHUDOWH.DVSDU2HYHUGLHFN
VDQIW HQWVFKOXPPHUW ZDU XQG 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV DQ VHLQH 6WHOOH
JHUFNW ZDU ]XP 6HQDWRU HUZlKOW ZRUGHQ 6HLQHQ /HEHQVZDQGHO
DEHU EHHLQIOX‰WH GDV QLFKW 0DQ ZX‰WH GD‰ LKP GHU VHLW VHLQHU
9HUKHLUDWXQJ PLW HLQHP )UlXOHLQ +XQHXV LQPLWWHQ GHU 6WDGW HLQ
JHUlXPLJHV +DXV EHVD‰ DXFK LQ GHU 9RUVWDGW 6DQNW *HUWUXG MHQH
NOHLQH JUQEHZDFKVHQH XQG EHKDJOLFK DXVJHVWDWWHWH 9LOOD JHK|UWH
GLH YRQ HLQHU QRFK MXQJHQ XQG DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK KEVFKHQ 'DPH
XQEHVWLPPWHU+HUNXQIWJDQ]DOOHLQEHZRKQWZDUGhEHUGHU+DXVWU
SUDQJWH LQ ]LHUOLFK YHUJROGHWHQ %XFKVWDEHQ GDV :RUW ª4XLVLVDQD©
XQGLQGHUJDQ]HQ6WDGWZDUGDVIULHGOLFKH+lXVFKHQEHNDQQWXQWHU
GLHVHP 1DPHQ GHQ PDQ EULJHQV PLW VHKU ZHLFKHQ V XQG VHKU
JHWUEWHQ D/DXWHQ VSUDFK &KULVWLDQ %XGGHQEURRN DEHU DOV EHVWHU
)UHXQG GHV 6HQDWRUV *LHVHNH KDWWH VLFK =XWULWW YHUVFKDIIW LQ
4XLVLVDQD XQG HU KDWWH GRUW DXI GLH QlPOLFKH $UW UHVVLHUW ZLH ]X
+DPEXUJ EHL $OLQH 3XYRJHO XQG EHL lKQOLFKHQ *HOHJHQKHLWHQ LQ
/RQGRQLQ9DOSDUDLVR XQG DQ VR YLHOHQ DQGHUHQ 3XQNWHQ GHU (UGH
(UKDWWH ªHLQ EL‰FKHQ HU]lKOW© HU ZDU ªHLQ EL‰FKHQ QHWW© JHZHVHQ
XQG HU YHUNHKUWH QXQ LQ GHP JUQHQ +lXVFKHQ PLW GHU JOHLFKHQ
5HJHOPl‰LJNHLWZLH6HQDWRU*LHVHNHVHOEVW2EGLHVPLWGHP:LVVHQ
XQG (LQYHUVWlQGQLV GHV OHW]WHUHQ JHVFKDK GDV VWHKW GDKLQ VLFKHU
DEHU LVW GD‰ &KULVWLDQ %XGGHQEURRN LQ 4XLVLVDQD JDQ] NRVWHQORV
GLHVHOEHIUHXQGOLFKH=HUVWUHXXQJIDQGGLH6HQDWRU*LHVHNHPLWGHP
VFKZHUHQ*HOGHVHLQHU*DWWLQEH]DKOHQPX‰WH
.XU]H =HLW QDFK GHU 9HUOREXQJ +XJR :HLQVFKHQNV PLW (ULND
*UQOLFK PDFKWH GHU 'LUHNWRU VHLQHP 6FKZDJHU GHQ 9RUVFKODJ LQ
GDV 9HUVLFKHUXQJVEXUHDX HLQ]XWUHWHQ XQG LQ GHU 7DW DUEHLWHWH


&KULVWLDQ YLHU]HKQ 7DJH ODQJ LP 'LHQVWH GHU %UDQGNDVVH /HLGHU
MHGRFK ]HLJWH VLFK GDQQ GD‰ QLFKW DOOHP GLH 4XDO LQ VHLQHU OLQNHQ
6HLWH VRQGHUQ DXFK VHLQH EULJHQ VFKZHU EHVWLPPEDUHQ hEHO VLFK
KLHUGXUFKYHUVWlUNWHQGD‰EULJHQVGHU'LUHNWRUHLQEHUDXVKHIWLJHU
9RUJHVHW]WHUZDUGHUJHOHJHQWOLFKHLQHV0L‰JULIIHVNHLQHQ$QVWDQG
JHQRPPHQKDWWHVHLQHQ6FKZDJHUHLQHQª6HHKXQG©]XQHQQHQXQG
&KULVWLDQZDUJHQ|WLJWGLHVHQ3RVWHQZLHGHU]XYHUODVVHQ
:DV DEHU 0DGDPH 3HUPDQHGHU DQJLQJ VR ZDU VLH JOFNOLFK VR
lX‰HUWH LKUH OLFKWH *HPWVVWLPPXQJ VLFK LQ $SHUFXV ZLH GLHVHP
GD‰GDVLUGLVFKH/HEHQGRFKKLQXQGZLHGHUDXFKVHLQHJXWHQ6HLWHQ
KDEH:DKUKDIWLJVLHHUEOKWHDXIVQHXHLQGLHVHQ:RFKHQGLHPLW
LKUHU EHOHEHQGHQ *HVFKlIWLJNHLW LKUHQ YLHOIlOWLJHQ 3OlQHQ LKUHQ
:RKQXQJVVRUJHQXQGLKUHP$XVVWDWWXQJVILHEHUVLHDOO]XGHXWOLFKDQ
GLH=HLWLKUHVHLJQHQHUVWHQ9HUO|EQLVVHVJHPDKQWHQDOVGD‰VLHVLH
QLFKW YHUMQJW XQG PLW JUHQ]HQORVHU +RIIQXQJVIUHXGLJNHLW HUIOOW
KlWWHQ9LHO YRQ GHP JUD]L|VHQ hEHUPXW LKUHU0lGFKHQWDJH NHKUWH
LQLKUH0LHQHQXQGLKUH%HZHJXQJHQ]XUFNMDGLH6WLPPXQJHLQHV
JDQ]HQ -HUXVDOHPVDEHQGV HQWZHLKWH VLH GXUFK HLQH VR DXVJHODVVHQH
)U|KOLFKNHLW GD‰ VHOEVW /HD *HUKDUGW GDV %XFK LKUHV 9RUIDKUHQ
VLQNHQ OLH‰ XQG PLW GHQ JUR‰HQ XQZLVVHQGHQ XQG PL‰WUDXLVFKHQ
$XJHQGHU7DXEHQLP6DDOHXPKHUEOLFNWH«
(ULND VROOWH VLFK YRQ LKUHU 0XWWHU QLFKW WUHQQHQ 0LW GHP
(LQYHUVWlQGQLV GHV 'LUHNWRUV MD DXI VHLQHQ :XQVFK KLQ ZDU
EHVFKORVVHQZRUGHQGD‰)UDX$QWRQLHZHQLJVWHQVYRUGHUKDQGEHL
GHQ :HLQVFKHQNV ZRKQHQ GD‰ VLH GHU XQHUIDKUHQHQ (ULND LP
+DXVKDOWH ]XU 6HLWHVWHKHQ VROOWH« XQG GLHV JHUDGH ZDU HV ZDV LQ
LKU GLH N|VWOLFKH (PSILQGXQJ KHUYRUULHI DOV KlWWH QLHPDOV HLQ
%HQGL[ *UQOLFK QLHPDOV HLQ $ORLV 3HUPDQHGHU JHOHEW DOV
]HUJLQJHQDOOH0L‰HUIROJH(QWWlXVFKXQJHQXQG/HLGHQLKUHV/HEHQV
]X QLFKWV XQG DOV GUIH VLH PLW IULVFKHQ +RIIQXQJHQ QXQ QRFK
HLQPDO YRQ YRUQH EHJLQQHQ =ZDU HUPDKQWH VLH (ULND ]XU
'DQNEDUNHLWJHJHQ*RWWGHULKUGHQHLQ]LJJHOLHEWHQ0DQQEHVFKHUH
ZlKUHQGVLHVHOEVWGLH0XWWHULKUHHUVWHXQGKHU]OLFKH1HLJXQJPLW
3IOLFKW XQG 9HUQXQIW KDEH HUW|WHQ PVVHQ ]ZDU ZDU HV (ULND¶V
1DPH GHQ VLH ]XVDPPHQ PLW GHP GHV 'LUHNWRUV PLW YRU )UHXGH
XQVLFKHUHU+DQGLQGLH)DPLOLHQSDSLHUHVFKULHE«DEHUVLHVLHVHOEVW
7RQ\%XGGHQEURRNZDUGLHHLJHQWOLFKH%UDXW6LHZDUHVGLHQRFK


HLQPDOPLWNXQGLJHU+DQG3RUWLHUXQG7HSSLFKHSUIHQQRFKHLQPDO
0|EHO XQG $XVVWDWWXQJVPDJD]LQH GXUFKVW|EHUQ QRFK HLQPDO HLQH
YRUQHKPH:RKQXQJEHVLFKWLJHQXQGPLHWHQGXUIWH6LHZDU HV GLH
QRFK HLQPDO GDV IURPPH XQG ZHLWOlXILJH (OWHUQKDXV YHUODVVHQ XQG
DXIK|UHQVROOWHEOR‰HLQHJHVFKLHGHQH)UDX]XVHLQGHUQRFKHLQPDO
GLH 0|JOLFKNHLW VLFK DXIWDW LKU +DXSW ]X HUKHEHQ XQG HLQ QHXHV
/HEHQ ]X EHJLQQHQ JHHLJQHW GLH DOOJHPHLQH $XIPHUNVDPNHLW ]X
HUZHFNHQXQGGDV$QVHKHQGHU)DPLOLH]XIRUGHUQ«-DZDUHVHLQ
7UDXP" 6FKODIU|FNH HUVFKLHQHQ DXI GHU %LOGIOlFKH =ZHL
6FKODIU|FNH IU VLH XQG (ULND DXV ZHLFKHP JHZLUNWHP 6WRII PLW
EUHLWHQ 6FKOHSSHQ XQG GLFKWHQ 5HLKHQ YRQ 6DPPHWVFKOHLIHQ YRP
+DOVYHUVFKOX‰ELV]XP6DXPHKLQXQWHU
'LH:RFKHQDEHUYHUVWULFKHQXQG(ULND*UQOLFKV%UDXW]HLWQHLJWH
VLFKLKUHP(QGHHQWJHJHQ'DVMXQJH3DDUKDWWHLQHLQLJHQZHQLJHQ
+lXVHUQ %HVXFKH JHPDFKW GHQQ GHU 'LUHNWRU HUQVWHU XQG LQ
JHVHOOLJHQ'LQJHQXQHUIDKUHQHU$UEHLWVPHQVFKZLHHUZDUJHGDFKWH
VHLQH 0X‰HVWXQGHQ GHU LQWLPHQ +lXVOLFKNHLW ]X ZLGPHQ« HLQ
9HUOREXQJVGLQHU KDWWH 7KRPDV *HUGD GDV %UDXWSDDU )ULHGHULNH
+HQULHWWHXQG3ILIIL%XGGHQEURRNPLWGHUQlFKVWHQ)UHXQGVFKDIWGHV
6HQDWRUV LQ GHP JUR‰HQ 6DDOH GHV )LVFKHUJUXEHQKDXVHV YHUHLQW
ZREHL HV ZLHGHUXP EHIUHPGHWH GD‰ GHU 'LUHNWRU QLFKW DXIK|UWH
(ULND¶V GHNROOHWLHUWHQ +DOV ]X NORSIHQ« XQG GLH +RFK]HLW QDKWH
KHUDQ
'LH6lXOHQKDOOHZDUZLHHLQVWDOV)UDX*UQOLFKGLH0\UWHQWUXJ
GHU6FKDXSODW]GHU7UDXXQJ)UDX6WXKWDXVGHU*ORFNHQJLH‰HUVWUD‰H
GLHVHOEH GLH LQ GHQ HUVWHQ .UHLVHQ YHUNHKUWH ZDU GHU %UDXW EHLP
)DOWHQDUUDQJHPHQWLKUHVZHL‰HQ$WODVNOHLGHVXQGEHLP$QOHJHQGHV
JUQHQ 6FKPXFNHV EHKLOIOLFK JHZHVHQ 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN ZDU
HUVWHUXQG&KULVWLDQV)UHXQG6HQDWRU*LHVHNH]ZHLWHU%UDXWIKUHU
]ZHL HKHPDOLJH 3HQVLRQVIUHXQGLQQHQ (ULND¶V IXQJLHUWHQ DOV
%UDXWMXQJIHUQ 'LUHNWRU +XJR :HLQVFKHQN VDK VWDWWOLFK XQG
PlQQOLFKDXVXQGWUDWDXIGHP:HJH]XPLPSURYLVLHUWHQ$OWDUQXU
HLQPDODXI(ULND¶VKHUDEZDOOHQGHQ6FKOHLHU3DVWRU3ULQJVKHLPGLH
+lQGH XQWHUP .LQQ JHIDOWHW ]HOHEULHUWH PLW DOOHU YHUNOlUWHQ
)HLHUOLFKNHLW GLH LKP HLJHQ XQG DOOHV YHUOLHI QDFK %UDXFK XQG
:UGH $OV GLH 5LQJH JHZHFKVHOW ZXUGHQ XQG GDV WLHIH XQG GDV
KHOOH ª-D©  EHLGH HLQ ZHQLJ KHLVHU  LQ GHU 6WLOOH HUNODQJHQ EUDFK


)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU EHUZlOWLJW YRQ 9HUJDQJHQKHLW *HJHQZDUW XQG
=XNXQIW LQ ODXWHV :HLQHQ DXV ± HV ZDU QRFK LPPHU LKU
XQEHGHQNOLFKHV XQG XQYHUKRKOHQHV .LQGHUZHLQHQ  ZlKUHQG GLH
'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN YRQ GHQHQ 3ILIIL ]XU )HLHU GHV 7DJHV HLQH
JROGHQH .HWWH DQ LKUHP 3LQFHQH] WUXJ ZLH LPPHU EHL VROFKHQ
*HOHJHQKHLWHQ HLQ ZHQLJ VlXHUOLFK GDUHLQOlFKHOWHQ« 0DGHPRLVHOOH
:HLFKEURGW MHGRFK 7KHUHVH :HLFKEURGW GLH LQ GHQ OHW]WHQ -DKUHQ
QRFK VHKU YLHO NOHLQHU JHZRUGHQ ZDU DOV IUKHU 6HVHPL GLH RYDOH
%URVFKH PLW GHP 3RUWUlW LKUHU 0XWWHU DQ LKUHP GQQHQ +lOVFKHQ
VSUDFK PLW MHQHU EHUJUR‰HQ )HVWLJNHLW ZHOFKH HLQH WLHIH LQQHUH
5KUXQJYHUEHUJHQVROOª6HLJOFNOLFKGXJXWHV.HQG©
'DQQ IROJWH LP .UHLVH GHU ZHL‰HQ *|WWHUILJXUHQ ZHOFKH LQ
XQYHUlQGHUOLFK JHODVVHQHQ 6WHOOXQJHQ DXV GHU EODXHQ 7DSHWH
KHUYRUWUDWHQ HLQ HEHQVR VROHQQHV ZLH VROLGHV )HVWPDKO JHJHQ
GHVVHQ(QGHGLH1HXYHUPlKOWHQYHUVFKZDQGHQXPLKUH5HLVHGXUFK
HLQLJH*UR‰VWlGWHDQ]XWUHWHQ«'DVZDUXPGLH0LWWHGHV$SULOXQG
ZlKUHQGGHUIROJHQGHQYLHU]HKQ7DJHYROOEUDFKWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHU
XQWHUVWW]W YRP 7DSH]LHUHU -DFREV HLQHV LKUHU 0HLVWHUVWFNH GLH
YRUQHKPH+HUULFKWXQJMHQHUJHUlXPLJHQHUVWHQ(WDJHGLHLQHLQHP
+DXVH GHU PLWWOHUHQ %HFNHUJUXEH JHPLHWHW ZRUGHQ ZDU XQG GHUHQ
PLW%OXPHQUHLFKOLFKJHSXW]WH5lXPHGDQQGDVKHLPNHKUHQGH3DDU
XPILQJHQ
8QGHVEHJDQQ7RQ\%XGGHQEURRNVGULWWH(KH
-DGLHVH%H]HLFKQXQJZDU]XWUHIIHQGXQGGHU6HQDWRUVHOEVWKDWWH
HLQHV'RQQHUVWDJVDOV:HLQVFKHQNVQLFKW]XJHJHQZDUHQGLH6DFKH
EHLGLHVHP1DPHQJHQDQQWZDV)UDX3HUPDQHGHUVLFKPLW%HKDJHQ
KDWWHJHIDOOHQODVVHQ,QGHU7DWDOOH6RUJHQGHV+DXVVWDQGHVILHOHQ
DXIVLHDEHUDXFK)UHXGHXQG6WRO]QDKPVLHIUVLFKLQ$QVSUXFK
XQG HLQHV 7DJHV DOV VLH XQYHUVHKHQV PLW GHU .RQVXOLQ -XOFKHQ
0|OOHQGRUSI JHERUHQH +DJHQVWU|P DXI GHU 6WUD‰H ]XVDPPHQWUDI
EOLFNWH VLH LKU PLW HLQHP VR WULXPSKLHUHQGHQ XQG KHUDXVIRUGHUQGHQ
$XVGUXFN LQV *HVLFKW GD‰ )UDX 0|OOHQGRUSI VLFK GD]X YHUVWDQG
]XHUVW]XJU‰HQ«
6WRO]XQG )UHXGH ZXUGHQ LQ LKUHU 0LHQH XQG +DOWXQJ ]XU HUQVWHQ
)HLHUOLFKNHLWZHQQVLHGLH9HUZDQGWHQGLHNDPHQ GDV QHXH +HLP
]XEHVLFKWLJHQGDULQXPKHUIKUWHZlKUHQG(ULND:HLQVFKHQNVHOEVW
IDVWHEHQIDOOVZLHHLQEHZXQGHUQGHU*DVWGDEHLHUVFKLHQ


'LH 6FKOHSSH LKUHV 6FKODIURFNHV KLQWHU VLFK KHU]LHKHQG GLH
6FKXOWHUQHLQZHQLJHPSRUJH]RJHQGHQ.RSI]XUFNJHOHKQWXQGDP
$UPH GHQ PLW $WODVVFKOHLIHQ EHVHW]WHQ 6FKOVVHONRUE  VLH
VFKZlUPWHIU$WODVVFKOHLIHQ±]HLJWH)UDX$QWRQLHGHQ%HVXFKHUQ
GLH0|EHOGLH3RUWLHUHQGDVGXUFKVLFKWLJH3RU]HOODQGDVEOLW]HQGH
6LOEHU]HXJ GLH JUR‰HQ gOJHPlOGH GLH GHU 'LUHNWRU DQJHVFKDIIW
KDWWH ODXWHU 6WLOOHEHQ YRQ (‰ZDUHQ XQG XQEHNOHLGHWH
)UDXHQJHVWDOWHQGHQQGLHVZDU+XJR:HLQVFKHQNV*HVFKPDFNXQG
LKUH %HZHJXQJHQ VFKLHQHQ ]X VDJHQ 6HKW GDKLQ KDEH LFK HV QRFK
HLQPDOJHEUDFKWLP/HEHQ(VLVWIDVWVRYRUQHKPZLHEHL*UQOLFK
XQGVLFKHUOLFKYRUQHKPHUDOVEHL3HUPDQHGHU
'LH DOWH .RQVXOLQ NDP LQ JUDX XQG VFKZDU] JHVWUHLIWHU 6HLGH
HLQHQ GLVNUHWHQ 3DWVFKXOLGXIW XP VLFK YHUEUHLWHQG OLH‰ LKUH KHOOHQ
$XJHQ JHUXKLJ EHU DOOHV KLQJOHLWHQ XQG OHJWH RKQH ODXWH
%HZXQGHUXQJ ]X lX‰HUQ HLQH DQHUNHQQHQGH %HIULHGLJXQJ DQ GHQ
7DJ'HU6HQDWRUNDPPLW)UDXXQG.LQGDPVLHUWHVLFKPLW*HUGD
EHU7RQ\¶VJOFNVHOLJHhEHUKHEOLFKNHLWXQGYHUKLQGHUWHPLW0KH
GD‰ VLH LKUHQ DQJHEHWHWHQ NOHLQHQ +DQQR PLW .RULQWKHQEURW XQG
3RUWZHLQ HUVWLFNWH« (V NDPHQ GLH 'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN ZHOFKH
HLQVWLPPLJ EHPHUNWHQ DOOHV VHL VR VFK|Q GD‰ VLH LKUHUVHLWV
EHVFKHLGHQH0lGFKHQZLHVLHVHLHQQLFKWGDULQZRKQHQP|FKWHQ«
'LH DUPH .ORWKLOGH NDP JUDX JHGXOGLJ XQG KDJHU OLH‰ VLFK
DXVODFKHQXQGWUDQNYLHU7DVVHQ.DIIHHZRUDXIVLHDXFKDOOHVEULJH
LQ JHGHKQWHQ XQG IUHXQGOLFKHQ :RUWHQ EHOREWH« 'DQQ XQG ZDQQ
ZHQQ LP .OXE QLHPDQG DQZHVHQG JHZHVHQ ZDU HUVFKLHQ DXFK
&KULVWLDQ QDKP HLQ *OlVFKHQ %HQHGLNWLQHU HU]lKOWH GD‰ HU MHW]W
ZLOOHQVVHLGLH$JHQWXUIUHLQH&KDPSDJQHUXQG.RJQDNILUPD]X
EHUQHKPHQ ± GDUDXI YHUVWHKH HU VLFK XQG HV VHL HLQH OHLFKWH
DQJHQHKPH$UEHLWPDQVHLVHLQHLJHQHU+HUUVFKUHLEHVLFKKLHXQG
GD HLQ EL‰FKHQ LQ VHLQ 1RWL]EXFK XQG KDEH LP +DQGXPGUHKHQ
GUHL‰LJ7DOHUYHUGLHQW±OLHKVLFKKLHUDXIYLHU]LJ6FKLOOLQJHYRQ)UDX
3HUPDQHGHUXPGHUHUVWHQ/LHEKDEHULQYRP6WDGWWKHDWHUHLQ%XNHWW
EHUUHLFKHQ ]X N|QQHQ NDP *RWW ZHL‰ LQIROJH ZHOFKHU
,GHHQYHUELQGXQJ DXI ª0DULD© XQG GDV ª/DVWHU© LQ /RQGRQ ]X
VSUHFKHQYHUILHOLQGLH*HVFKLFKWHGHVUlXGLJHQ+XQGHVGHULQHLQHU
6FKDFKWHO YRQ 9DOSDUDLVR QDFK 6DQ )UDQ]LVNR JHUHLVW ZDU XQG
HU]lKOWH QXQ GD HU LP =XJH ZDU PLW HLQHU VROFKHQ )OOH


6FKZXQJKDIWLJNHLW XQG .RPLN GD‰ HU HLQHQ 6DDO YROO 0HQVFKHQ
KlWWHXQWHUKDOWHQN|QQHQ
(UJHULHWLQ%HJHLVWHUXQJHUUHGHWHLQ=XQJHQ(UVSUDFK(QJOLVFK
6SDQLVFK 3ODWWGHXWVFK XQG +DPEXUJLVFK HU VFKLOGHUWH FKLOHQLVFKH
0HVVHUDEHQWHXHU XQG 'LHEVDIIlUHQDXV :KLWHFKDSHO YHUILHO GDUDXI
HLQHQ %OLFN LQ VHLQHQ 9RUUDW YRQ &RXSOHWV WXQ ]X ODVVHQ XQG VDQJ
RGHUVSUDFKPLWPXVWHUJOWLJHP0LHQHQVSLHOXQGHLQHPSLWWRUHVNHQ
7DOHQWLQGHQ+DQGEHZHJXQJHQ

,FNJQJVRJDQ]SRPDG¶
6RXSGH(VSODQDG¶
'DJQJVRµQOWWMH'HHUQ
6RYRUPLXS
'LHKDWW¶VRµQIHLQHQ3OL
0LWVR¶QIUDQ]|V¶VFKHQFX
8QG¶QJURWHQ'HOOHUDFKWHUXS¶P.RSS«
,FNVHJ¾0HLQOLHEHV.LQG
:HLO6LHVRQGOLFKVLQG
(UODXEHQ6LHPLU,KUHQ$UPYLHOOHLFKW"½
6LHGUHLWVLFNXPVRUHFKW
8QGNLHNW±PLDQ±XQGVHJW±
¾*DPDQQD+XVPLQ-XQJXQGVLYHUJQHXJW½

8QGNDXPZDUHUKLHUPLWIHUWLJDOVHU]X%HULFKWHQDXVGHP=LUNXV
5HQ]EHUJLQJXQGGLHJDQ]H(QWUHHHLQHVHQJOLVFKHQ6SUHFKFORZQV
LQHLQHU$UWZLHGHU]XJHEHQEHJDQQGD‰PDQVLFKHLQELOGHQNRQQWH
YRUGHU0DQHJH]XVLW]HQ0DQYHUQDKPGDVEOLFKH*HVFKUHLVFKRQ
KLQWHU GHU *DUGLQH GDV ª0DFKHQ 6LH PLFK GLH 7UH DXI© GLH
6WUHLWLJNHLWHQ PLW GHP 6WDOOPHLVWHU XQG GDQQ LQ EUHLWHP XQG
MDPPHUQGHP(QJOLVFK'HXWVFKHLQH5HLKHYRQ(U]lKOXQJHQ(VZDU
GLH *HVFKLFKWH YRQ GHP 0DQQH GHU LP 6FKODIH HLQH 0DXV
YHUVFKOXFNW XQG VLFK GHVKDOE ]XP 7LHUDU]W EHJLEW ZHOFKHU LKP
VHLQHUVHLWV UlW QXQPHKU DXFK HLQH .DW]H ]X YHUVFKOXFNHQ« 'LH
*HVFKLFKWH YRQ ª0HLQHU *UR‰PXWWHU IULVFK XQG JHVXQG ZLH GLH
)UDX ZDU© LQ ZHOFKHU HEHQ GLHVHU *UR‰PXWWHU DXI GHP :HJH ]XP
%DKQKRIH WDXVHQG $EHQWHXHU EHJHJQHQ XQG LKU VFKOLH‰OLFK IULVFK


XQG JHVXQG ZLH GLH )UDX ZDU GHU =XJ YRU GHU 1DVH GDYRQIlKUW«
ZRUDXI &KULVWLDQ GLH 3RLQWH PLW HLQHP WULXPSKLHUHQGHQ ª0XVLN
+HUU .DSHOOPHLVWHU© DEEUDFK XQG VHOEVW ZLH HUZDFKHQG JDQ]
HUVWDXQWVFKLHQGD‰GLH0XVLNQLFKWHLQVHW]WH«
8QG GDQQ JDQ] SO|W]OLFK YHUVWXPPWH HU YHUlQGHUWH VLFK VHLQ
*HVLFKW HUVFKODIIWHQ VHLQH %HZHJXQJHQ 6HLQH NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ
WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ EHJDQQHQ PLW XQUXKLJHP (UQVW QDFK DOOHQ
5LFKWXQJHQ]XZDQGHUQHUVWULFKPLWGHU+DQGDQVHLQHUOLQNHQ6HLWH
KLQXQWHU HV ZDU DOV KRUFKH HU LQ VHLQ ,QQHUHV KLQHLQ ZRVHOEVW
6HOWVDPHVJHVFKDK«(UWUDQNQRFKHLQ*OlVFKHQ/LN|U ZDUG QRFK
HLQPDO HLQ ZHQLJ DXIJHUlXPWHU YHUVXFKWH QRFK HLQH *HVFKLFKWH ]X
HU]lKOHQXQGEUDFKGDQQLQ]LHPOLFKGHSULPLHUWHU6WLPPXQJDXI
)UDX3HUPDQHGHUGLHLQGLHVHU=HLWDXVQHKPHQGODFKOXVWLJZDUXQG
VLFKN|VWOLFKDPVLHUWKDWWHEHJOHLWHWHLKUHQ%UXGHULQDXVJHODVVHQHU
/DXQH ]XU 7UHSSH ª$GLHX +HUU $JHQW© VDJWH VLH ª0LQQHVlQJHU
0lGFKHQIlQJHU $OWHV 6FKDI .RPP EDOG PDO ZLHGHU© 8QG VLH
ODFKWH DXV YROOHP +DOVH KLQWHU LKP GUHLQ XQG NHKUWH LQ LKUH
:RKQXQJ]XUFN
$EHU &KULVWLDQ %XGGHQEURRN IRFKW GDV QLFKW DQ HU EHUK|UWH HV
GHQQ HU ZDU LQ *HGDQNHQ 1D GDFKWH HU QXQ ZLOO LFK PDO HLQ
EL‰FKHQ QDFK 4XLVLVDQD JHKHQ 8QG GHQ +XW HWZDV VFKLHI DXI GHP
.RSIJHVWW]WDXIVHLQHQ6WRFNPLWGHU1RQQHQEVWHODQJVDPVWHLI
XQGHLQZHQLJODKPHQGJLQJHUGLH7UHSSHKLQDE

=ZHLWHV.DSLWHO

(V ZDU LP )UKOLQJ GHV -DKUHV  DOV )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU HLQHV
$EHQGV JHJHQ ]HKQ 8KU VLFK LQ GHU HUVWHQ (WDJH GHV
)LVFKHUJUXEHQKDXVHV HLQVWHOOWH 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN VD‰ DOOHLQ LP
:RKQ]LPPHUGDVPLWROLYHQIDUEHQHQ5LSVP|EHOQDXVJHVWDWWHWZDU
DQGHPUXQGHQ0LWWHOWLVFKHLP/LFKWHGHUJUR‰HQ*DVODPSHGLHYRP
3ODIRQG KHUDEKLQJ (U KDWWH GLH ¾%HUOLQHU %|UVHQ]HLWXQJ½ YRU VLFK
DXVJHEUHLWHW XQG ODVOHLFKW EHU GHQ7LVFK JHEHXJW VHLQH =LJDUHWWH
]ZLVFKHQ =HLJH XQG 0LWWHOILQJHU GHU /LQNHQ XQG DXI GHU 1DVH HLQ


JROGHQHV 3LQFHQH] GHVVHQ HU VLFK VHLW HLQLJHU =HLW EHL GHU $UEHLW
EHGLHQHQ PX‰WH (U K|UWH GLH 6FKULWWH VHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU GXUFK GDV
(‰]LPPHU NRPPHQ QDKP GDV *ODV YRQ GHQ $XJHQ XQG EOLFNWH
JHVSDQQWLQGDV'XQNHOKLQHLQELV7RQ\]ZLVFKHQGHQ3RUWLHUHQXQG
LP /LFKWEHUHLFK DXIWDXFKWH ª2K GX ELVW HV *XWHQ $EHQG 6FKRQ
]XUFNYRQ3|SSHQUDGH":LHJHKWHVGHLQHQ)UHXQGHQ"©
ª*XWHQ$EHQG7RP'DQNH$UPJDUGLVWZRKODXI«'XELVWKLHU
JDQ]HLQVDP"©
ª-DGXNRPPVWPLUVHKUHUZQVFKW,FKKDEHKHXWHDEHQGVRDOOHLQ
HVVHQ PVVHQ ZLH GHU 3DSVW GHQQ )UlXOHLQ -XQJPDQQ NRPPW DOV
*HVHOOVFKDIW QLFKW UHFKW LQ %HWUDFKW ZHLO VLH MHGHQ $XJHQEOLFN
DXIVSULQJWXQGKLQDXIOlXIWXPQDFK+DQQR]XVHKHQ«*HUGDLVWLP
.DVLQR7DPD\RJHLJWGRUW&KULVWLDQKDWVLHDEJHKROW«©
ª'DXVHQG XP ZLH 0XWWHU ]X UHGHQ  -D LFK KDEH LQ OHW]WHU =HLW
EHPHUNW7RPGD‰*HUGDXQG&KULVWLDQVLFKJXWYHUWUDJHQ©
ª,FKDXFK6HLWHUGDXHUQGKLHULVWIlQJWVLHDQ*HVFKPDFNDQLKP
]X JHZLQQHQ 6LH K|UW DXFK JDQ] DXIPHUNVDP ]X ZHQQ HU VHLQH
/HLGHQEHVFKUHLEW«0HLQ*RWWHUDPVLHUWVLH1HXOLFKVDJWHVLH]X
PLU¾(ULVWNHLQ%UJHU7KRPDV(ULVWQRFKZHQLJHUHLQ%UJHUDOV
GX½«©
ª%UJHU«%UJHU7RP"+DPLUVFKHLQWGD‰HVDXI*RWWHVZHLWHU
:HOWNHLQHQEHVVHUHQ%UJHUDOVGX«©
ª1XQMDQLFKWJUDGHVR]XYHUVWHKHQ«/HJHLQEL‰FKHQDEPHLQ
.LQG'HLQ$XVVHKHQLVWVSHUE'LH/DQGOXIWKDWGLUJXWJHWDQ"©
ª9RUWUHIIOLFK© VDJWH VLH LQGHP VLH LKUH 0DQWLOOH XQG GHQ
.DSRWWKXW PLW OLODVHLGQHQ %lQGHUQ EHLVHLWH OHJWH XQG VLFK LQ
PDMHVWlWLVFKHU +DOWXQJ DXI HLQHP GHU )DXWHXLOV DP 7LVFKH
QLHGHUOLH‰« ª0DJHQ XQG 1DFKWUXKH DOOHV KDW VLFK JHEHVVHUW LQ
GLHVHU NXU]HQ =HLW 'LHVH NXKZDUPH 0LOFK XQG GLHVH :UVWH XQG
6FKLQNHQ« PDQ JHGHLKW ZLH GDV 9LHK XQG GDV .RUQ 8QG GLHVHU
IULVFKH +RQLJ 7RP LFK KDEH LKQ LPPHU IU HLQHV GHU EHVWHQ
1DKUXQJVPLWWHOJHKDOWHQ'DVLVWUHLQHV1DWXUSURGXNW'DZHL‰PDQ
GRFKZDVPDQYHUVFKOXFNW-DHVZDUZDKUKDIWLJOLHEHQVZUGLJYRQ
$UPJDUG GD‰ VLH VLFK XQVHUHU DOWHQ 3HQVLRQVIUHXQGVFKDIW HULQQHUWH
XQGPLFKHLQOXG8QG+HUUYRQ0DLERRPZDUJOHLFKIDOOVYRQHLQHU
=XYRUNRPPHQKHLW« 6LH EDWHQ PLFK VR LQVWlQGLJ GRFK QRFK HLQ


SDDU :RFKHQ ]X EOHLEHQ DEHU GX ZHL‰W (ULND EHKLOIW VLFK QXU
VFKZHURKQHPLFK XQG EHVRQGHUVMHW]W GD GLH NOHLQH (OLVDEHWKDXI
GHU:HOWLVW«©
ª$SURSRVZLHJHKWHVGHP.LQGH"©
ª'DQNH7RPHVPDFKWVLFKHVLVWJRWWOREUHFKWJXWEHL6FKLFNIU
VHLQHYLHU0RQDWHREJOHLFK)ULHGHULNH+HQULHWWHXQG3ILIILHVQLFKW
IUOHEHQVIlKLJKLHOWHQ«©
ª8QG :HLQVFKHQN" :LH IKOW HU VLFK DOV 9DWHU" ,FK VHKH LKQ MD
HLJHQWOLFKQXUGRQQHUVWDJV«©
ª2K GHU LVW XQYHUlQGHUW 6LHKVW GX HU LVW HLQ VR EUDYHU XQG
IOHL‰LJHU 0DQQ XQG LQ JHZLVVHU :HLVH MD DXFK GDV 0XVWHU HLQHV
(KHJDWWHQ GHQQ HU YHUDFKWHW GLH :LUWVKlXVHU NRPPW YRP %XUHDX
JUDGHQ:HJHVQDFK+DXVHXQGYHUEULQJWVHLQH)UHLVWXQGHQEHLXQV
$EHU QXQ LVW GLH 6DFKH GLH 7RP  XQWHU XQV N|QQHQ ZLU MD RIIHQ
GDUEHUUHGHQ(UYHUODQJWYRQ(ULNDGD‰VLHEHVWlQGLJKHLWHULVW
EHVWlQGLJ VSULFKW XQG VFKHU]W GHQQ ZHQQ HU DEJHDUEHLWHW XQG
YHUVWLPPWQDFK+DXVHNRPPWVDJWHUGDQQZLOOHUGD‰VHLQH)UDX
LKQ LQ OHLFKWHU XQG IU|KOLFKHU :HLVH XQWHUKlOW LKQ DPVLHUW XQG
DXIKHLWHUWGD]XVDJWHUVHLGLH)UDXDXIGHU:HOW«©
ª'XPPNRSI© PXUPHOWH GHU 6HQDWRU ª:LH"« 1XQ GDV
6FKOLPPHLVWGD‰(ULNDHLQZHQLJ]XU0HODQFKROLHQHLJW7RPVLH
PX‰HVYRQPLUKDEHQ6LHLVWKLHUXQGGDHUQVWXQGVFKZHLJVDPXQG
JHGDQNHQYROOXQGGDQQVFKLOWHUVLHXQGEUDXVWDXILQ:RUWHQGLH
HKUOLFK JHVDJW QLFKW LPPHU JDQ] ]DUWIKOHQG VLQG 0DQ PHUNW HV
HEHQDOO]XKlXILJGD‰HUHLJHQWOLFKNHLQ0DQQYRQ)DPLOLHLVWXQG
GDVZDVPDQHLQHYRUQHKPH(U]LHKXQJQHQQWOHLGHUQLFKWJHQRVVHQ
KDW-DLFKJHVWHKHGLURIIHQQRFKHLQSDDU7DJHYRUPHLQHU$EUHLVH
QDFK 3|SSHQUDGH LVW HV YRUJHNRPPHQ GD‰ HU GHQ 'HFNHO GHU
6XSSHQWHUULQHDP%RGHQ]HUVFKODJHQKDW ZHLO GLH 6XSSH YHUVDO]HQ
ZDU«©
ª$OOHUOLHEVW©
ª1HLQ LP *HJHQWHLO $EHU ZLU ZROOHQ LKQ GHVKDOE QLFKW
YHUXUWHLOHQ0HLQ*RWWZLUVLQGDOOHPLW0lQJHOQEHKDIWHWXQGHLQ
VR WFKWLJHU JHGLHJHQHU XQG DUEHLWVDPHU 0DQQ« EHKWH« 1HLQ
7RPHLQHUDXKH$X‰HQVHLWHXQG HLQ JXWHU.HUQ GDV LVW QRFK QLFKW
GDV 6FKOLPPVWH LP LUGLVFKHQ /HEHQ ,FK NRPPH VRHEHQ DXV


9HUKlOWQLVVHQ ZLOO LFK GLU VDJHQ GLH WUDXULJHU VLQG $UPJDUG KDW
ZHQQVLHPLWPLUDOOHLQZDUELWWHUOLFKJHZHLQW«©
ª:DVGXVDJVW±+HUUYRQ0DLERRP"«©
ª-D 7RP XQG GDUDXI ZROOWH LFK KLQDXV :LU VLW]HQ KLHU XQG
SODXGHUQ DEHU LQ :LUNOLFKNHLW ELQ LFK KHXWH DEHQG LQ HLQHU VHKU
HUQVWHQXQGZLFKWLJHQ$QJHOHJHQKHLWJHNRPPHQ©
ª1XQ":DVLVWGHQQPLW+HUUQYRQ0DLERRP"©
ª5DOIYRQ0DLERRPLVWHLQOLHEHQVZUGLJHU0DQQ7KRPDVDEHUHU
LVWHLQ-XQNHU/HLFKWIX‰HLQ'DXV(UVSLHOWLQ5RVWRFNHUVSLHOWLQ
:DUQHPQGH XQG VHLQH 6FKXOGHQ VLQG ZLH 6DQG DP 0HHU 0DQ
VROOWHHVQLFKWJODXEHQZHQQPDQHLQSDDU:RFKHQDXI3|SSHQUDGH
OHEW'DV+HUUHQKDXVLVWYRUQHKPXQGDOOHVULQJVXPKHUJHGHLKWXQG
DQ0LOFKXQG:XUVWXQG6FKLQNHQLVWNHLQ0DQJHO0DQKDWDXIVR
HLQHP *XWH PDQFKPDO JDU NHLQHQ 0D‰VWDE IU GLH WDWVlFKOLFKHQ
9HUKlOWQLVVH« .XU] VLH VLQG LQ :DKUKHLW DXIV MlPPHUOLFKVWH
]HUUWWHW7RPZDV$UPJDUGPLUXQWHUKHU]EUHFKHQGHP6FKOXFK]HQ
JHVWDQGHQKDW©
ª7UDXULJWUDXULJ©
ª'DVVDJHGXQXUQRFKHLQPDO$EHUGLH6DFKHLVWQXQGLHVHGD‰
ZLH VLFK PLU KHUDXVJHVWHOOW KDW GLH /HXWH PLFK QLFKW DXV JDQ]
XQHLJHQQW]LJHP$QWULHEH]XVLFKHLQJHODGHQKDEHQ©
ª:LHVR"©
ª'DVZLOOLFKGLUVDJHQ7RP+HUUYRQ0DLERRPEUDXFKW*HOGHU
EUDXFKWVRIRUWHLQHJU|‰HUH6XPPHXQGGDHUGLHDOWH)UHXQGVFKDIW
NDQQWHGLH]ZLVFKHQVHLQHU)UDXXQGPLUEHVWHKWXQGZX‰WHGD‰LFK
GHLQH6FKZHVWHUELQVRKDWHULQVHLQHU%HGUlQJQLVVLFKKLQWHUVHLQH
)UDXJHVWHFNWGLHLKUHUVHLWVVLFKKLQWHUPLFKJHVWHFNWKDW«YHUVWHKVW
GX"©
'HU6HQDWRUEHZHJWHGLH)LQJHUVSLW]HQVHLQHU5HFKWHQDXIVHLQHP
6FKHLWHOKLQXQGKHUXQGYHU]RJHLQZHQLJGDV*HVLFKWª,FKJODXEH
MD©VDJWHHUª'HLQHHUQVWHXQGZLFKWLJH$QJHOHJHQKHLWVFKHLQWPLU
DXIHLQHQ9RUVFKX‰DXIGLH3|SSHQUDGHU(UQWHKLQDXV]XODXIHQZHQQ
LFKQLFKWLUUH"$EHUGDKDEWLKUHXFKGXXQG GHLQH)UHXQGHQLFKWDQ
GHQULFKWLJHQ0DQQJHZDQGWZLHPLFKGQNW(UVWHQVQlPOLFKKDEH
LFK QRFK QLHPDOV HLQ *HVFKlIW PLW +HUUQ YRQ 0DLERRP JHPDFKW


XQG GLHV ZlUH GHQQ GRFK ZRKO HLQH ]LHPOLFK VRQGHUEDUH
$QNQSIXQJ YRQ %H]LHKXQJHQ =ZHLWHQV KDEHQ ZLU 8UJUR‰YDWHU
*UR‰YDWHU 9DWHU XQG LFK ZRKO KLH XQG GD GHQ /DQGOHXWHQ
9RUVFKVVH JH]DKOW ZHQQ DQGHUV VLH GXUFK LKUH 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW XQG
VRQVWLJHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVH HLQH JHZLVVH 6LFKHUKHLW ERWHQ« :LH GX
VHOEVW PLU DEHU YRU ]ZHL 0LQXWHQ +HUUQ YRQ 0DLERRPV
3HUV|QOLFKNHLWXQG9HUKlOWQLVVH FKDUDNWHULVLHUW KDVW NDQQ GRFK YRQ
VROFKHU6LFKHUKHLWKLHUNDXPGLH5HGHVHLQ«©
ª'X ELVW LP ,UUWXP 7RP ,FK KDEH GLFK DXVUHGHQ ODVVHQ DEHU GX
ELVWLP,UUWXP(VNDQQVLFKKLHUQLFKWXPHLQHQ9RUVFKX‰KDQGHOQ
0DLERRPEUDXFKWIQIXQGGUHL‰LJWDXVHQG.XUDQWPDUN«©
ª'RQQHUZHWWHU©
ª)QIXQGGUHL‰LJWDXVHQG .XUDQWPDUN GLH ELQQHQ NQDSSHU ]ZHL
:RFKHQ IlOOLJ VLQG 'DV 0HVVHU VWHKW LKP DQ GHU .HKOH XQG XP
GHXWOLFK]XVHLQHUPX‰]XVHKHQVFKRQMHW]WVRIRUW]XYHUNDXIHQ©
ª$XIGHP+DOP"2KRGHUDUPH.HUO©8QGGHU6HQDWRUGHUPLW
GHP3LQFHQH]DXIGHU7LVFKSODWWHVSLHOWHVFKWWHOWHGHQ.RSIª$EHU
GDVVFKHLQWPLUIUXQVHUH9HUKlOWQLVVHHLQ]LHPOLFKXQJHZ|KQOLFKHU
)DOO ]X VHLQ© VDJWH HU ª,FK KDEH YRQ VROFKHQ *HVFKlIWHQ
KDXSWVlFKOLFK DXV +HVVHQ JHK|UW ZR HLQ QLFKW NOHLQHU 7HLO GHU
/DQGOHXWH LQ GHQ +lQGHQ YRQ -XGHQ LVW« :HU ZHL‰ LQ GDV 1HW]
ZHOFKHV+DOVDEVFKQHLGHUVGHUDUPH+HUUYRQ0DLERRPJHUlW«©
ª-XGHQ" +DOVDEVFKQHLGHU"© ULHI )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU EHUDXV
YHUZXQGHUW«ª$EHUHVLVWYRQGLUGLH5HGH7RPYRQGLU©
3O|W]OLFKZDUI7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNGDV3LQFHQH]YRUVLFKKLQDXI
GHQ 7LVFK VR GD‰ HV HLQ 6WFN DXI GHU =HLWXQJ HQWODQJJOLWW XQG
ZDQGWHPLWHLQHP5XFNGHQJDQ]HQ2EHUN|USHUVHLQHU6FKZHVWHU]X
ª9RQ±PLU"©IUDJWHHUPLWGHQ/LSSHQRKQHHLQHQ7RQYRQVLFK]X
JHEHQXQGGDQQVHW]WHHUODXWKLQ]Xª*HKVFKODIHQ7RQ\'XELVW
MDEHUPGH©
ª-D7RPVRVDJWH,GD-XQJPDQQDEHQGV]XXQVZHQQZLUJHUDGH
DQILQJHQ YHUJQJW ]X ZHUGHQ $EHU LFK YHUVLFKHUH GLFK GD‰ LFK
QLHPDOV ZDFKHU XQG PXQWHUHU JHZHVHQ ELQ DOV MHW]W ZR LFK EHL
1DFKW XQG 1HEHO ]X GLU NRPPH XP GLU $UPJDUGV  DOVR LQGLUHNW
5DOIYRQ0DLERRPV9RUVFKODJ]XPDFKHQ«©


ª1XQ LFK KDOWH GLHVHQ 9RUVFKODJ GHLQHU 1DLYLWlW XQG GHU
5DWORVLJNHLWGHU0DLERRPV]XJXWH©
ª5DWORVLJNHLW" 1DLYLWlW" ,FK YHUVWHKH GLFK QLFKW 7KRPDV LFK ELQ
OHLGHUZHLWHQWIHUQWGDYRQ'LUZLUG*HOHJHQKHLWJHERWHQHLQHJXWH
7DW ]X WXQ XQG JOHLFK]HLWLJ GDV EHVWH *HVFKlIW GHLQHV /HEHQV ]X
PDFKHQ«©
ª$FKZDVPHLQH/LHEHGXUHGHVWODXWHU8QVLQQ©ULHIGHU6HQDWRU
XQG ZDUI VLFK VHKU XQJHGXOGLJ ]XUFN ª9HU]HLK DEHU GX NDQQVW
HLQHQ PLW GHLQHU 8QVFKXOG LQ +DUQLVFK MDJHQ 'X EHJUHLIVW DOVR
QLFKW GD‰ GX PLU ]X HWZDV K|FKVW 8QZUGLJHP ]X XQUHLQOLFKHQ
0DQLSXODWLRQHQ UlWVW" ,FK VROO LP WUEHQ ILVFKHQ" (LQHQ 0HQVFKHQ
EUXWDODXVEHXWHQ"'LH%HGUlQJQLVGLHVHV*XWVEHVLW]HUVEHQW]HQXP
GHQ :HKUORVHQ EHUV 2KU ]X KDXHQ" ,KQ ]ZLQJHQ PLU GLH (UQWH
HLQHV -DKUHV JHJHQ GHQ KDOEHQ 3UHLV DE]XWUHWHQ GDPLW LFK HLQHQ
:XFKHUSURILWHLQVWUHLFKHQNDQQ"©
ª$FK VR VLHKVW GX GLH 6DFKH DQ© VDJWH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU
HLQJHVFKFKWHUWXQGQDFKGHQNOLFK8QGZLHGHUOHEKDIWIXKUVLHIRUW
ª$EHU HV LVW QLFKW Q|WLJ GXUFKDXV QLFKW Q|WLJ 7RP HV YRQ GLHVHU
6HLWH]XQHKPHQ,KQ]ZLQJHQ"$EHUHUNRPPWMD]XGLU(UEHQ|WLJW
GDV*HOGXQGHUP|FKWHGLH6DFKHDXIGHP:HJHGHU)UHXQGVFKDIW
HUOHGLJHQXQWHUGHUKDQGLQDOOHU6WLOOH'DUXPKDWHUGLH9HUELQGXQJ
PLWXQVDXIJHVSUWXQGGDUXPELQLFKHLQJHODGHQZRUGHQ©
ª.XU]HUWlXVFKWVLFKEHUPLFKXQGGHQ&KDUDNWHUPHLQHU)LUPD
,FKKDEHPHLQHhEHUOLHIHUXQJHQ(LQVROFKHV*HVFKlIWLVWYRQXQVLQ
KXQGHUW -DKUHQ QLFKW JHPDFKW ZRUGHQ XQG LFK ELQ QLFKW JHVRQQHQ
PLWGHUDUWLJHQ0DQ|YHUQGHQ$QIDQJ]XPDFKHQ©
ª*HZL‰ GX KDVW GHLQH hEHUOLHIHUXQJHQ 7RP XQG MHGHUOHL
$FKWXQJ GDYRU 6LFKHUOLFK 9DWHU KlWWH VLFK KLHUDXI QLFKW
HLQJHODVVHQEHZDKUHZHUEHKDXSWHWGDV"«$EHUVRGXPPLFKELQ
GDV ZHL‰ LFK GD‰ GX HLQ JDQ] DQGHUHU 0HQVFK ELVW DOV 9DWHU XQG
GD‰DOVGXGLH*HVFKlIWHEHUQDKPVWGXHLQHQJDQ]DQGHUHQ:LQG
ZHKHQ OLH‰HVW DOV HU XQG GD‰ GX XQWHUGHVVHQ PDQFKHV JHWDQ KDVW
ZDV HU QLFKW JHWDQ KDEHQ ZUGH 'DIU ELVW GX MXQJ XQG HLQ
XQWHUQHKPHQGHU .RSI $EHU LFK IUFKWH LPPHU GX KDVW GLFK LQ
OHW]WHU =HLW GXUFK HLQ XQG GDV DQGHUH 0L‰JHVFKLFN HLQVFKFKWHUQ
ODVVHQ« XQG ZHQQ GX MHW]W QLFKW PHKU PLW VR JXWHP (UIROJH


DUEHLWHVWZLHIUKHUVROLHJWGDVGDUDQGD‰GXGLUDXVODXWHU9RUVLFKW
XQGlQJVWOLFKHU*HZLVVHQKDIWLJNHLWGLH*HOHJHQKHLW]XJXWHQ&RXSV
HQWVFKOSIHQOl‰W«©
ª$FK LFK ELWWH GLFK OLHEHV .LQG GX UHL]HVW PLFK© VDJWH GHU
6HQDWRU PLW VFKDUIHU 6WLPPH XQG ZDQGWH VLFK KLQ XQG KHU
ª6SUHFKHQZLUGRFKYRQHWZDVDQGHUHP©
ª-D GX ELVW JHUHL]W 7KRPDV LFK VHKH HV ZRKO 'X ZDUVW HV YRQ
$QIDQJ DQ XQG JHUDGH GDUXP KDEH LFK ZHLWHUJHUHGHW XP GLU ]X
EHZHLVHQ GD‰ GX GLFK ]X 8QUHFKW EHOHLGLJW IKOVW :HQQ LFK PLFK
DEHUIUDJHZDUXPGXJHUHL]WELVWVRNDQQLFKPLUQXUVDJHQGD‰GX
LP*UXQGHGRFKQLFKWVRJDQ]DEJHQHLJWELVWGLFKPLWGHU6DFKH]X
EHVFKlIWLJHQ 'HQQHLQ VR GXPPHV :HLELFK ELQ GDV ZHL‰ LFK DXV
PLU VHOEVW XQG YRQ DQGHUHQ /HXWHQ GD‰ PDQ LP /HEHQ EHU HLQHQ
9RUVFKODJQXUGDQQHUUHJWXQGE|VHZLUGZHQQPDQVLFKLQVHLQHP
:LGHUVWDQGHQLFKWJDQ]VLFKHUIKOWXQGLQQHUOLFKVHKU YHUVXFKWLVW
GDUDXIHLQ]XJHKHQ©
ª6HKU IHLQ© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU ]HUEL‰ GDV 0XQGVWFN VHLQHU
=LJDUHWWHXQGVFKZLHJ
ª)HLQ" +D QHLQ GDV LVW GLH HLQIDFKVWH (UIDKUXQJ GLH GDV /HEHQ
PLFK JHOHKUWKDW $EHUOD‰ HV JXW VHLQ 7RP ,FK ZLOO QLFKW LQ GLFK
GULQJHQ .DQQ LFK GLFK ]X HLQHU VROFKHQ 6DFKH EHUUHGHQ" 1HLQ
GD]X IHKOHQ PLU GLH .HQQWQLVVH ,FK ELQ EOR‰ HLQ GXPPHV 'LQJ«
6FKDGH« 1XQ JOHLFKYLHO (V KDW PLFK VHKU LQWHUHVVLHUW ,FK ZDU
HLQHUVHLWV HUVFKURFNHQ XQG EHWUEWIU 0DLERRPV DQGHUHUVHLWV DEHU
IURKIU GLFK ,FK KDEH PLU JHGDFKW7RP JHKW VHLWHLQLJHU =HLW HLQ
EL‰FKHQIUHXGHORVXPKHU)UKHUNODJWHHUXQGMHW]W NODJWHU VFKRQ
QLFKWHLQPDOPHKU(UKDWKLHXQGGD*HOGYHUORUHQGLH=HLWHQVLQG
VFKOHFKWXQGGDVJUDGHMHW]WGDPHLQH/DJHVLFKHEHQZLHGHUGXUFK
*RWWHV*WHYHUEHVVHUWKDWXQGLFKPLFKJOFNOLFKIKOH8QGGDQQ
KDEH LFK PLU JHGDFKW 'LHV LVW HWZDV IU LKQ HLQ &RXS HLQ JXWHU
)DQJ 'DPLW NDQQ HU PDQFKH 6FKDUWH DXVZHW]HQ XQG GHQ /HXWHQ
]HLJHQ GD‰ ELV KHXWH GLH )LUPD ¾-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN½ QRFK QLFKW
JlQ]OLFK YRP *OFNH YHUODVVHQ LVW 8QG ZHQQ GX GDUDXI
HLQJHJDQJHQ ZlUHVW VR ZlUH LFK VHKU VWRO] JHZHVHQ GLH 6DFKH
YHUPLWWHOW]XKDEHQGHQQGXZHL‰WGD‰HVLPPHU PHLQ7UDXPXQG
PHLQH6HKQVXFKWJHZHVHQLVWXQVHUHP1DPHQGLHQVWOLFK]XVHLQ«
*HQXJ« QXQ LVW DOVR GLH )UDJH ZRKO HUOHGLJW  :DV PLFK DEHU


lUJHUWGDVLVWGHU*HGDQNHGD‰0DLERRPMDGHQQRFKXQGLQMHGHP
)DOOHDXIGHP+DOPYHUNDXIHQPX‰7RP XQG ZHQQ HU KLHU LQ GHU
6WDGWVLFKXPVLHKWVRZLUGHUVFKRQ.lXIHUILQGHQ«HUZLUGVFKRQ
HLQHQ ILQGHQ« XQG GDV ZLUG +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P VHLQ KD GDV
)LORX«©
ª2KMDPDQGDUI]ZHLIHOQREHUGLH6DFKHYRQGHU+DQGZHLVHQ
ZUGH© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU PLW %LWWHUNHLW XQG )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU
DQWZRUWHWHGUHLPDOKLQWHUHLQDQGHUª6LHKVWGXZRKOVLHKVWGXZRKO
VLHKVWGXZRKO"©
3O|W]OLFKEHJDQQ7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNGHQ.RSI]XVFKWWHOQXQG
lUJHUOLFK ]X ODFKHQ ª(V LVW DOEHUQ« :LU VSUHFKHQ KLHU PLW HLQHP
JUR‰HQ $XIZDQG YRQ (UQVW  ZHQLJVWHQV GHLQHUVHLWV  EHU HWZDV
JDQ] 8QEHVWLPPWHV YROOVWlQGLJ LQ GHU /XIW 6WHKHQGHV 0HLQHV
:LVVHQV KDEH LFK GLFK QRFK QLFKW HLQPDO JHIUDJW XP ZDV HV VLFK
HLJHQWOLFK KDQGHOW ZDV +HUU YRQ 0DLERRP HLJHQWOLFK ]X YHUNDXIHQ
KDW«,FKNHQQHMD3|SSHQUDGHJDUQLFKW«©
ª2KGXKlWWHVWQDWUOLFKKLQIDKUHQPVVHQ©VDJWHVLH HLIULJ ª(V
LVWHLQ.DW]HQVSUXQJELV5RVWRFNXQGYRQGRUWDXVLVWHVJDUQLFKWV
PHKU:DVHU]XYHUNDXIHQKDW"3|SSHQUDGHLVWHLQJUR‰HV*XW,FK
ZHL‰ SRVLWLY GD‰ HV PHKU DOV WDXVHQG 6DFN :HL]HQ EULQJW« $EHU
PLULVWQLFKWV*HQDXHUHVEHNDQQW:LHLVWHVPLW5RJJHQ+DIHUXQG
*HUVWH EHVWHOOW" 6LQG HV IQIKXQGHUW 6DFN YRQ MHGHP" 0HKU RGHU
ZHQLJHU" ,FK ZHL‰ HV QLFKW (V VWHKW DOOHV KHUUOLFK GDV NDQQ LFK
VDJHQ$EHULFKNDQQGLUQLFKWPLW=DKOHQGLHQHQ7RPLFKELQHLQH
*DQV'XP‰WHVWQDWUOLFKKLQIDKUHQ«©
(LQH3DXVHHQWVWDQGª1XQHVLVWQLFKWGHU0KH:HUW]ZHL:RUWH
GDUEHU ]X YHUOLHUHQ© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU NXU] XQG IHVW HUJULII VHLQ
3LQFHQH] VFKRE HV LQ GLH :HVWHQWDVFKH NQ|SIWH VHLQHQ 5RFN ]X
HUKREVLFKXQGILQJDQPLWUDVFKHQVWDUNHQXQGIUHLHQ%HZHJXQJHQ
GLHMHGHV=HLFKHQYRQ1DFKGHQNOLFKNHLWJHIOLVVHQWOLFKDXVVFKORVVHQ
LP=LPPHUKLQXQGKHU]XJHKHQ
'DQQ EOLHE HU DP 7LVFKH VWHKHQ XQG ZlKUHQG HU VLFK HLQ ZHQLJ
GDUEHUKLQVHLQHU6FKZHVWHUHQWJHJHQEHXJWHXQGPLWGHU6SLW]HGHV
JHNUPPWHQ=HLJHILQJHUVOHLFKWDXIGLH3ODWWHVFKOXJVDJWHHUª,FK
ZHUGH GLU PDO HLQH *HVFKLFKWH HU]lKOHQ PHLQH OLHEH 7RQ\ GLH GLU
]HLJHQ VROO ZLH LFK PLFK ]X GLHVHU 6DFKH YHUKDOWH ,FK NHQQH GHLQ


IDLEOH IU GHQ $GHO LP DOOJHPHLQHQ XQG GLH PHFNOHQEXUJLVFKH
1REOHVVHLPEHVRQGHUHQXQGGDUXPELWWHLFKGLFKXP*HGXOGZHQQ
LQPHLQHU*HVFKLFKWHHLQHUGLHVHU+HUUHQHLQHQ'HQN]HWWHOHUKlOW«
'X ZHL‰W XQWHU LKQHQ LVW GLHVHU XQG MHQHU GHU GHQ .DXIOHXWHQ
REJOHLFK VLH LKP GRFK VR Q|WLJ VLQG ZLH HU LKQHQ QLFKW DOO]XYLHO
+RFKDFKWXQJ HQWJHJHQEULQJW GLH  ELV ]X HLQHP JHZLVVHQ *UDGH
DQ]XHUNHQQHQGH  hEHUOHJHQKHLW GHV 3URGX]HQWHQ EHU GHQ
=ZLVFKHQKlQGOHU LP JHVFKlIWOLFKHQ 9HUNHKUH DOO]XVHKU EHWRQW XQG
NXU] GHQ .DXIPDQQ PLW QLFKW VHKU DQGHUHQ $XJHQ DQVLHKW DOV GHQ
KDXVLHUHQGHQ-XGHQGHPPDQPLWGHP%HZX‰WVHLQEHUYRUWHLOW]X
ZHUGHQ JHWUDJHQH .OHLGHU EHUOl‰W ,FK VFKPHLFKOH PLU LP
DOOJHPHLQHQ GHQ (LQGUXFN HLQHV PRUDOLVFK PLQGHUZHUWLJHQ
$XVEHXWHUVDXIGLH+HUUHQQLFKWJHPDFKW]XKDEHQXQGKDEH XQWHU
LKQHQ ZHLW ]lKHUH +lQGOHU DQJHWURIIHQ DOVLFK ELQ %HL HLQHP DEHU
EHGXUIWHHVHUVWGHVIROJHQGHQNOHLQHQ*HZDOWVWUHLFKVXPPLFKLKP
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFK HLQ ZHQLJ QlKHU ]X EULQJHQ (V ZDU GHU +HUU YRQ
*UR‰3RJJHQGRUIYRQGHPGXJHZL‰JHK|UWKDVWXQG PLW GHP LFK
YRU -DKU XQG 7DJ YLHOIDFK ]X WXQ KDWWH *UDI 6WUHOLW] HLQ K|FKVW
IHXGDOHU 0DQQ PLW HLQHP YLHUHFNLJHQ *ODV LP $XJH  LFK EHJULII
QLHPDOVGD‰HUVLFKQLFKWVFKQLWW«ODFNLHUWHQ6WXOSVWLHIHOQXQGHLQHU
5HLWSHLWVFKHPLWJROGHQHP*ULII(UKDWWHGLH*HZRKQKHLWPLWKDOE
JH|IIQHWHP 0XQGH XQG KDOE JHVFKORVVHQHQ $XJHQ YRQ HLQHU
XQEHJUHLIOLFKHQ +|KH DXI PLFK KHUDE]XEOLFNHQ« 0HLQ HUVWHU
%HVXFK EHL LKP ZDU EHGHXWVDP 1DFK HLQHU HLQOHLWHQGHQ
.RUUHVSRQGHQ] IXKU LFK ]X LKP XQG WUDW YRP %HGLHQWHQ JHPHOGHW
LQV $UEHLWV]LPPHU *UDI 6WUHOLW] VD‰ DP 6FKUHLEWLVFK (U HUZLGHUW
PHLQH 9HUEHXJXQJ LQGHP HU VLFK KDOEZHJV YRP 6HVVHO HUKHEW
VFKUHLEW GLH OHW]WH =HLOH HLQHV %ULHIHV ZHQGHW VLFK GDQQ ]X PLU
LQGHP HU EHU PLFK KLQZHJVLHKW XQGEHJLQQW GLH 8QWHUKDQGOXQJHQ
EHUVHLQH :DUH ,FK OHKQH DP 6RIDWLVFKH NUHX]H $UPH XQG %HLQH
XQGELQDPVLHUW,FKVWHKHIQI0LQXWHQODQJLP*HVSUlFKH1DFK
ZHLWHUHQ IQI 0LQXWHQ VHW]H LFK PLFK DXI GHQ 7LVFK XQG ODVVH HLQ
%HLQ LQ GHU /XIW VFKDXNHOQ 8QVHUH 9HUKDQGOXQJHQ QHKPHQ LKUHQ
)RUWJDQJ XQG QDFK 9HUODXI HLQHU 9LHUWHOVWXQGH VDJW HU PLW HLQHU
ZLUNOLFK JQlGLJHQ +DQGEHZHJXQJ OHLFKWKLQ ¾:ROOHQ 6LH QLFKW
EULJHQVHLQHQ6WXKOQHKPHQ"½¾:LH"½VDJHLFK«¾2KQLFKWQ|WLJ
,FKVLW]HOlQJVW½©


ª6DJWHVW GX" 6DJWHVW GX HV"© ULHI )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU HQW]FNW 
6RIRUW KDWWH VLH DOOHV 9RUKHUJHKHQGH EHLQDKH YHUJHVVHQ XQG OHEWH
YROOVWlQGLJ LQ GLHVHU $QHNGRWH ª'X VD‰HVW OlQJVW (V LVW
DXVJH]HLFKQHW«©
ª1XQ MD XQG LFK YHUVLFKHUH GLFK GD‰ GHU *UDI YRQ GLHVHP
$XJHQEOLFN DQ VHLQ %HQHKPHQ GXUFKDXV lQGHUWH GD‰ HU PLU GLH
+DQGUHLFKWHZHQQLFKNDPPLFK]XP6LW]HQQ|WLJWH«XQGGD‰ZLU
LQ GHU )ROJH JHUDGH]X EHIUHXQGHW JHZRUGHQ VLQG :DUXP DEHU
HU]lKOHLFKGLUGDV"8PGLFK]XIUDJHQ:UGH LFK ZRKOGDV +HU]
GDV5HFKWGLHLQQHUH6LFKHUKHLWKDEHQDXFK+HUUQYRQ0DLERRPLQ
GLHVHU:HLVH]XEHOHKUHQZHQQHUPLWPLU EHU GHQ 3DXVFKDOSUHLV
IU VHLQH (UQWH YHUKDQGHOQG YHUJHVVHQ VROOWH PLU  HLQHQ 6WXKO
DQ]XELHWHQ«"©
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU VFKZLHJ ª*XW© VDJWH VLH GDQQ XQG VWDQG DXI
ª'XVROOVWUHFKWKDEHQ7RPXQGZLHLFKVFKRQVDJWHLFKZLOOQLFKW
LQ GLFK GULQJHQ 'X PX‰W ZLVVHQ ZDV GX ]X WXQ XQG ZDV GX ]X
ODVVHQKDVWXQGGDPLW3XQNWXP:HQQGXPLUQXUJODXEVWGD‰LFKLQ
JXWHU$EVLFKWJHVSURFKHQKDEH«$EJHPDFKW*XWH1DFKW7RP«
2GHU QHLQ ZDUWH ,FK PX‰ ]XYRU GHLQHP +DQQR HLQHQ .X‰ JHEHQ
XQG GLH JXWH ,GD EHJU‰HQ« ,FK JXFNH GDQQ KLHU QRFK HLQPDO
KHUHLQ«©
8QGGDPLWJLQJVLH

'ULWWHV.DSLWHO

6LHVWLHJGLH7UHSSH]XU]ZHLWHQ(WDJHKLQDQOLH‰GHQ¾$OWDQ½]XU
5HFKWHQ OLHJHQ JLQJ DQ GHP ZHL‰JROGHQHQ *HOlQGHU GHU *DOHULH
HQWODQJ XQG GXUFKVFKULWW HLQ 9RU]LPPHU GHVVHQ 7U ]XP .RUULGRU
RIIHQVWDQG XQG YRQ GHP HLQ ]ZHLWHU $XVJDQJ OLQNHUVHLWV LQ GDV
$QNOHLGH]LPPHUGHV6HQDWRUVIKUWH'DQQGUFNWHVLHYRUVLFKWLJDXI
GHQ*ULIIGHUJHUDGHDXVJHOHJHQHQ7UXQGWUDWHLQ
(V ZDU HLQH DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK JHUlXPLJH 6WXEH GHUHQ )HQVWHU PLW
IDOWLJHQ JUR‰JHEOPWHQ 9RUKlQJHQ YHUKOOW ZDUHQ 'LH :lQGH


ZDUHQ HLQ ZHQLJ NDKO $EJHVHKHQ YRQ HLQHP VHKU JUR‰HQ
VFKZDU]JHUDKPWHQ6WLFKGHUEHU)UlXOHLQ-XQJPDQQV%HWWKLQJXQG
*LDFRPR 0H\HUEHHU XPJHEHQ YRQ GHQ *HVWDOWHQ VHLQHU 2SHUQ
GDUVWHOOWHJDEHVQXUQRFKHLQH$Q]DKOYRQHQJOLVFKHQ%XQWGUXFNHQ
GLH.LQGHUPLWJHOEHP+DDUXQGURWHQ%DE\NOHLGHUQGDUVWHOOWHQXQG
PLW6WHFNQDGHOQDQGHUKHOOHQ7DSHWHEHIHVWLJWZDUHQ,GD-XQJPDQQ
VD‰ LQ GHU 0LWWH GHV =LPPHUV DQ GHP JUR‰HQ $XV]LHKWLVFK XQG
VWRSIWH +DQQR¶V 6WUPSIFKHQ 'LH WUHXH 3UHX‰LQ VWDQG QXQ DP
$QIDQJGHU)QI]LJHUDEHUREJOHLFKVLHVHKUIUKEHJRQQHQKDWWH]X
HUJUDXHQ ZDU LKU JODWWHU 6FKHLWHO GRFK QRFK LPPHU QLFKW ZHL‰
JHZRUGHQ VRQGHUQ LQ HLQHP EHVWLPPWHQ =XVWDQGH GHU 0HOLHUXQJ
YHUEOLHEHQ XQG LKUH DXIUHFKWH *HVWDOW ZDU VR VWDUNNQRFKLJ XQG
UVWLJ LKUH EUDXQHQ $XJHQ ZDUHQ VR IULVFK NODU XQG XQHUPGOLFK
ZLHYRU]ZDQ]LJ-DKUHQ ª*XWHQ $EHQG ,GD GX JXWH 6HHOH© VDJWH
)UDX3HUPDQHGHUJHGlPSIWDEHUIU|KOLFKGHQQGLHNOHLQH(U]lKOXQJ
LKUHV%UXGHUVKDWWHVLHLQGLHEHVWH6WLPPXQJYHUVHW]Wª:LHJHKWHV
GLUGXDOWHV0|EHO"©
ª(LHL7RQ\FKHQ0|EHOPHLQ.LQGFKHQ"6RVSlWQRFKKLHU"©
ª-D LFK ZDU EHL PHLQHP %UXGHU« LQ *HVFKlIWHQ GLH NHLQHQ
$XIVFKXE GXOGHWHQ« /HLGHU KDW VLFK GLH 6DFKH ]HUVFKODJHQ«
6FKOlIW HU"© IUDJWH VLH XQG ZLHV PLW GHP .LQQ QDFK GHP NOHLQHQ
%HWWH ZHOFKHV DQ GHU OLQNHQ 6HLWHQZDQG VWDQG GDV JUQYHUKOOWH
.RSIHQGH KDUW DQ GHU KRKHQ 7U GLH ]XP 6FKODI]LPPHU 6HQDWRU
%XGGHQEURRNV XQG VHLQHU *DWWLQ IKUWH« ª3VW© VDJWH ,GD ªMD HU
VFKOlIW© 8QG )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU WUDW DXI GHQ =HKHQVSLW]HQ DQ GDV
%HWWFKHQ OIWHWH YRUVLFKWLJ GLH *DUGLQHQ XQG OXJWH JHEFNW LQ GDV
*HVLFKWLKUHVVFKODIHQGHQ1HIIHQ
'HU NOHLQH -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN ODJ DXI GHP 5FNHQ KDWWH DEHU
VHLQYRQGHPODQJHQKHOOEUDXQHQ+DDUXPUDKPWHV*HVLFKWFKHQGHP
=LPPHU]XJHZDQGWXQGDWPHWHPLWHLQHPOHLFKWHQ*HUlXVFKLQGDV
.RSINLVVHQKLQHLQ9RQVHLQHQ+lQGHQGHUHQ)LQJHUNDXPDXVGHQ
YLHO]XODQJHQXQGZHLWHQbUPHOQVHLQHV1DFKWKHPGHVKHUYRUVDKHQ
ODJ GLH HLQH DXI VHLQHU %UXVW GLH DQGHUH QHEHQ LKP DXI GHU
6WHSSGHFNH XQG GDQQ XQG ZDQQ ]XFNWHQ GLH JHNUPPWHQ )LQJHU
OHLVH $XFK DQ GHQ KDOE JH|IIQHWHQ /LSSHQ ZDU HLQH VFKZDFKH
%HZHJXQJEHPHUNEDUDOVYHUVXFKWHQVLH:RUWH]XELOGHQ9RQ=HLW
]X=HLWJLQJYRQXQWHQQDFKREHQHWZDV6FKPHU]OLFKHVEHUGLHVHV


JDQ]H*HVLFKWFKHQGDVPLWHLQHP(U]LWWHUQGHV.LQQHVEHJLQQHQG
VLFK EHU GLH 0XQGSDUWLH IRUWSIODQ]WH GLH ]DUWHQ 1VWHUQ YLEULHUHQ
OLH‰ XQG GLH 0XVNHOQ GHU VFKPDOHQ 6WLUQ LQ %HZHJXQJ YHUVHW]WH«
'LH ODQJHQ :LPSHUQ YHUPRFKWHQ QLFKW GLH EOlXOLFKHQ 6FKDWWHQ ]X
YHUGHFNHQ GLH LQ GHQ $XJHQZLQNHOQ ODJHUWHQ ª(U WUlXPW© VDJWH
)UDX3HUPDQHGHUJHUKUW'DQQEHXJWHVLHVLFKEHUGDV.LQGN‰WH
EHKXWVDP VHLQH VFKODIZDUPH :DQJH RUGQHWH PLW 6RUJIDOW GLH
*DUGLQHXQGWUDWZLHGHUDQGHQ7LVFKZR,GDLPJHOEHQ6FKHLQGHU
/DPSH HLQHQ QHXHQ 6WUXPSI EHU GLH 6WRSINXJHO ]RJ GDV /RFK
SUIWH XQG HV ]X VFKOLH‰HQ EHJDQQ ª'X VWRSIVW ,GD 0HUNZUGLJ
LFKNHQQHGLFKHLJHQWOLFKJDUQLFKWDQGHUV©
ª-D MD 7RQ\FKHQ« :DV GDV -XQJFKHQ DOOHV ]HUUHL‰W VHLW HU ]XU
6FKXOHJHKW©
ª$EHUHULVWGRFKHLQVRVWLOOHVXQGVDQIWHV.LQG"©
ª-DMD«$EHUGRFK©
ª*HKWHUGHQQJHUQ]XU6FKXOH"©
ª1HLQ QHLQ 7RQ\FKHQ +lWW¶ OLHEHU QRFK EHL PLU ZHLWHUOHUQHQ
ZROOHQ 8QG LFK KlWW¶V DXFK JHZQVFKW PHLQ .LQGFKHQ GHQQ GLH
+HUUHQNHQQHQLKQMDQLFKW VR YRQ NOHLQ DXI ZLHLFKXQG ZLVVHQHV
QLFKWVRZLHPDQLKQQHKPHQPX‰EHLP/HUQHQ«'DV$XIPHUNHQ
ZLUGLKPRIWVFKZHUXQGHUZLUGUDVFKPGH«©
ª'HU$UPH+DWHUVFKRQ6FKOlJHEHNRPPHQ"©
ª$EHU QHLQ 0HL ERMH NRFKKDQQH« VLH ZHUGHQ GRFK QLFKW VR
KDUWKHU]¶JVHLQZROOHQ:HQQGDV-XQJFKHQVLHDQVLHKW«©
ª:LHZDU¶VGHQQHLJHQWOLFKDOVHU]XPHUVWHQ0DOH KLQJLQJ" +DW
HUJHZHLQW"©
ª-D GDV KDW HU (U ZHLQW VR OHLFKW« 1LFKW ODXW DEHU VR LQ VLFK
KLQHLQ«8QGGDQQKDWHUGHLQHQ+HUUQ%UXGHU DP 5RFN IHVWKDOWHQ
ZROOHQXQGLPPHUZLHGHUJHEHWHQHUP|FKWHGDEOHLEHQ«©
ª6RKDW PHLQ %UXGHU LKQ KLQJHEUDFKW"«-D GDVLVW HLQ VFKZHUHU
0RPHQW,GDJODXEHPLU+DLFKZHL‰HVZLHJHVWHUQ,FKKHXOWH«
LFK YHUVLFKHUH GLFK LFK KHXOWH ZLH HLQ .HWWHQKXQG HV ZXUGH PLU
HQWVHW]OLFKVFKZHU8QGZDUXP":HLOLFKHV]X+DXVHVRJXWJHKDEW
KDWWHJUDGHZLH+DQQR'LH.LQGHUDXVYRUQHKPHQ+lXVHUQZHLQWHQ
DOOH GDV LVW PLU VRIRUW DXIJHIDOOHQ ZlKUHQG GLH DQGHUHQ VLFK JDU


QLFKWVGDUDXVPDFKWHQXQGXQVDQJORW]WHQXQGJULQVWHQ«*RWWZDV
LVWLKP,GD"©
6LH YROOHQGHWH LKUH +DQGEHZHJXQJ QLFKW XQG ZDQGWH VLFK
HUVFKURFNHQQDFKGHP%HWWFKHQXPYRQZRHLQ6FKUHLLKU3ODXGHUQ
XQWHUEURFKHQ KDWWH HLQ $QJVWVFKUHL GHU VLFK LP QlFKVWHQ
$XJHQEOLFN PLW QRFK JHTXlOWHUHP QRFK HQWVHW]WHUHP $XVGUXFN
ZLHGHUKROWH XQG GDQQ GUHL YLHU IQIPDO UDVFK QDFKHLQDQGHU
HUNODQJ«ª2KRKRK©HLQYRU*UDXHQEHUODXWHUHQWUVWHWHUXQG
YHU]ZHLIHOWHU 3URWHVW GHU VLFK JHJHQ HWZDV $EVFKHXOLFKHV ULFKWHQ
PX‰WH ZDV VLFK ]HLJWH RGHU JHVFKDK« ,P QlFKVWHQ $XJHQEOLFN
VWDQG GHU NOHLQH -RKDQQ DXIUHFKW LP %HWWH XQG ZlKUHQG HU
XQYHUVWlQGOLFKH:RUWHVWDPPHOWHEOLFNWHQVHLQHZHLWJH|IIQHWHQVR
HLJHQDUWLJ JROGEUDXQHQ $XJHQ RKQH HWZDV YRQ GHU :LUNOLFKNHLW
ZDKU]XQHKPHQ VWDUU LQ HLQH JlQ]OLFK DQGHUH :HOW KLQHLQ«
ª1LFKWV© VDJWH ,GD ª'HU SDYRU $FK GDV LVW PDQFKPDO QRFK YLHO
lUJHU©8QGLQDOOHU5XKHOHJWHVLHGLH$UEHLWEHLVHLWHJLQJPLWLKUHQ
ODQJHQVFKZHUHQ6FKULWWHQDXI+DQQR]XXQGOHJWHLKQZlKUHQGVLH
PLW WLHIHU EHUXKLJHQGHU 6WLPPH ]X LKP VSUDFK ZLHGHU XQWHU GLH
'HFNHª-DVRGHUSDYRU«©ZLHGHUKROWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHUª:DFKW
HUQXQ"©
$EHU +DQQR ZDFKWH NHLQHVZHJV REJOHLFK VHLQH $XJHQ ZHLW XQG
VWDUUEOLHEHQXQGVHLQH/LSSHQIRUWIXKUHQVLFK]XEHZHJHQǻ:LH"
6R«VR«1XQK|UHQZLUDXI]XSODSSHUQ«:DVVDJVWGX"©IUDJWH
,GD XQG DXFK )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU WUDW QlKHU XP DXI GLHV XQUXKLJH
0XUPHOQXQG6WDPPHOQ]XKRUFKHQª:LOOLFK«LQPHLQ«*lUWOHLQ
JHKQ«© VDJWH +DQQR PLW VFKZHUHU =XQJH ªZLOO PHLQ¶ =ZLHEHOQ
JLH‰HQ«©
ª(U VDJW VHLQH *HGLFKWH KHU© HUNOlUWH ,GD -XQJPDQQ PLW
.RSIVFKWWHOQª6RVR*HQXJVFKODIQXQPHLQ-XQJFKHQ«©
ª6WHKWHLQ«EXFNOLFKW0lQQOHLQGD«IlQJWDOVDQ ]X QLHVHQ«©
VDJWH +DQQR XQG VHXI]WH GDQQ 3O|W]OLFK DEHU YHUlQGHUWH VLFK VHLQ
*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFNVHLQH$XJHQVFKORVVHQVLFKKDOEHUEHZHJWHGHQ
.RSI DXI GHP .LVVHQ KLQ XQG KHU XQG PLW OHLVHU VFKPHU]OLFKHU
6WLPPHIXKUHUIRUW

ª'HU0RQGGHUVFKHLQW


'DV.LQGOHLQZHLQW
'LH*ORFN¶VFKOlJW]Z|OI
'D‰*RWWGRFKDOOHQ.UDQNHQKHOI«©

%HLGLHVHQ:RUWHQDEHUVFKOXFK]WHHUWLHIDXI7UlQHQWUDWHQKLQWHU
VHLQHQ :LPSHUQ KHUYRU OLHIHQ ODQJVDP EHU VHLQH :DQJHQ« XQG
KLHUYRQHUZDFKWHHU(UXPDUPWH,GDVDKVLFKPLWQDVVHQ$XJHQXP
PXUPHOWHEHIULHGLJWHWZDVYRQª7DQWH7RQ\©VFKREVLFKHLQZHQLJ
]XUHFKW XQG VFKOLHI GDQQ UXKLJ ZHLWHU ª6RQGHUEDU© VDJWH )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU DOV ,GD VLFK ZLHGHU DQ GHQ 7LVFK VHW]WH ª:DV IU
*HGLFKWHZDUHQGDV,GD"©
ª6LH VWHKHQ LQ VHLQHP /HVHEXFK© DQWZRUWHWH )UlXOHLQ -XQJPDQQ
ªXQG GDUXQWHU LVW JHGUXFNW ¾'HV .QDEHQ :XQGHUKRUQ½ 6LH VLQG
NXULRV«(UKDWVLHLQGLHVHQ7DJHQOHUQHQPVVHQXQGEHUGDVPLW
GHP 0lQQOHLQ KDW HU YLHO JHVSURFKHQ .HQQVW GX HV"« 5HFKW
JUDXOLFK LVW HV 'LHV EXFNOLJH 0lQQOHLQ VWHKW EHUDOO ]HUEULFKW GHQ
.RFKWRSI L‰W GDV 0XV VWLHKOW GDV +RO] Ol‰W GDV 6SLQQUDG QLFKW
JHKHQ ODFKW HLQHQ DXV« XQG GDQQ ]XP 6FKOXVVH ELWWHW HV DXFK
QRFK PDQ P|JH HV LQ VHLQ *HEHW HLQVFKOLH‰HQ -D GDV KDW HV GHP
-XQJFKHQQXQDQJHWDQ(UKDWWDJHLQWDJDXVGDUEHUQDFKJHGDFKW
:HL‰WGXZDVHUVDJWH"=ZHLGUHLPDOKDWHUJHVDJW¾1LFKWZDKU
,GDHVWXWHVQLFKWDXV6FKOHFKWLJNHLWQLFKWDXV6FKOHFKWLJNHLW«(V
WXW HV DXV 7UDXULJNHLW XQG LVW GDQQ QRFK WUDXULJHU GDUEHU« :HQQ
PDQ EHWHW VR EUDXFKW HV GDV DOOHV QLFKW PHKU ]X WXQ½ 8QG KHXWH
DEHQG QRFK DOV VHLQH 0DPD LKP JXWH 1DFKW VDJWH EHYRU VLH LQV
.RQ]HUW JLQJ KDW HU VLH JHIUDJW RE HU DXFK IU GDV EXFNOLJH
0lQQOHLQEHWHQVROOH«©
ª8QGKDWHVDXFKJHWDQ"©
ª1LFKWODXWDEHUZDKUVFKHLQOLFKLPVWLOOHQ«$EHUEHUGDVDQGHUH
*HGLFKW GDV ¾$PPHQXKU½ KHL‰W KDW HU JDU QLFKW JHVSURFKHQ
VRQGHUQ QXU JHZHLQW (U JHUlW VR OHLFKW LQV :HLQHQ GDV -XQJFKHQ
XQGNDQQGDQQODQJHQLFKWDXIK|UHQ«©
ª$EHUZDVLVWGHQQVRWUDXULJGDULQ"©
ª:HL‰LFK«hEHUGHQ$QIDQJGLH6WHOOHEHLGHUHUVRJDUHEHQLP
6FKODIHVFKOXFK]WH NDP HU EHLP $XIVDJHQ QLH KLQZHJ« XQG DXFK


QDFKKHU EHU GHQ )XKUPDQQ GHUVLFK VFKRQ XP GUHL YRQ GHU 6WUHX
HUKHEWKDWHUJHZHLQW«©
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ODFKWH JHUKUW XQG PDFKWH GDQQ HLQ HUQVWHV
*HVLFKWª$EHULFKZLOOGLU VDJHQ ,GD HV LVW QLFKW JXWLFK KDOWHHV
QLFKWIUJXWGD‰LKPDOOHVVRQDKHJHKW'HU)XKUPDQQVWHKWXPGUHL
8KUDXIQXQPHLQOLHEHU*RWWGDIULVWHUHLQ)XKUPDQQ'DV.LQG
 VRYLHO ZHL‰ LFK VFKRQ ± QHLJW GD]X DOOH 'LQJH PLW ]X
HLQGULQJOLFKHQ$XJHQDQ]XVHKHQXQGVLFKDOOHV]XVHKU]X+HU]HQ]X
QHKPHQ« 'DV PX‰ DQ LKP ]HKUHQ JODXEH PLU 0DQ VROOWH HLQPDO
HUQVWOLFKPLW*UDERZVSUHFKHQ«$EHUGDVLVWHVHEHQ©IXKUVLHIRUW
LQGHP VLH GLH $UPH YHUVFKUlQNWH GHQ .RSI ]XU 6HLWH QHLJWH XQG
PL‰PXWLJ PLW GHU )X‰VSLW]H DXI GHQ %RGHQ WURPPHOWH ª*UDERZ
ZLUG DOW XQG DEJHVHKHQ GDYRQ VR KHU]HQVJXW HU LVW HLQ
%LHGHUPDQQHLQZLUNOLFKEUDYHU0HQVFK«ZDVVHLQH(LJHQVFKDIWHQ
DOV$U]WEHWULIIWVRKDOWHLFKQLFKWJUDGHJUR‰H6WFNHDXILKQ,GD
*RWWYHU]HLKHPLUZHQQLFKPLFKLQLKPWlXVFKH6R ]XP %HLVSLHO
PLW +DQQR¶V 8QUXKH VHLQHP $XIIDKUHQ EHL 1DFKW VHLQHQ
$QJVWDQIlOOHQLP7UDXPH«*UDERZZHL‰HVXQGDOOHVZDVHUWXW
LVWGD‰HUXQVVDJWHZDVHVLVWXQVHLQHQODWHLQLVFKHQ1DPHQQHQQW
SDYRUQRFWXUQXV«MDOLHEHU*RWWGDVLVWVHKUEHOHKUHQG«1HLQHU
LVWHLQOLHEHU0DQQHLQJXWHU+DXVIUHXQGDOOHVDEHUHLQ/LFKWLVWHU
QLFKW (LQ EHGHXWHQGHU 0HQVFK VLHKW DQGHUVDXV XQG ]HLJW VFKRQ LQ
GHU -XJHQG GD‰ HWZDV DQ LKP LVW *UDERZ KDW GLH =HLW YRQ
$FKWXQGYLHU]LJ PLWHUOHEW HU ZDU HLQ MXQJHU 0DQQ GDPDOV $EHU
PHLQVWGXGD‰HUVLFKMHPDOVHUUHJW KDW  EHU GLH )UHLKHLW XQG GLH
*HUHFKWLJNHLWXQGGHQ8PVWXU]YRQ3ULYLOHJLHQXQG:LOONU"(ULVW
HLQ *HOHKUWHU DEHU LFK ELQ EHU]HXJW GD‰ GLH XQHUK|UWHQ
%XQGHVJHVHW]HYRQGDPDOVEHUGLH8QLYHUVLWlWHQXQGGLH3UHVVHLKQ
YROOVWlQGLJNDOWJHODVVHQKDEHQ(UKDWVLFKQLHPDOVHLQZHQLJZLOG
JHElUGHW QLHPDOV HLQ ZHQLJ EHU GLH 6FKQXU JHKDXHQ« (U KDW
LPPHU VHLQ ODQJHV PLOGHV *HVLFKW JHKDEW XQG QXQ YHURUGQHW HU
7DXEH XQG )UDQ]EURW XQG ZHQQ GHU )DOO HUQVW LVW HLQHQ (‰O|IIHO
$OWKHHVDIW« *XWH 1DFKW ,GD« $FK QHLQ LFK JODXEH GD JLEW HV
JDQ]DQGHUHbU]WH«6FKDGHGD‰LFK*HUGDQLFKWPHKUVHKH«-D
GDQNHHVLVWQRFK/LFKWDXIGHP.RUULGRU«*XWH1DFKW©
$OV )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU LP 9RUEHUJHKHQ GLH 7U ]XP (‰]LPPHU
|IIQHWHXPLQV:RKQ]LPPHUKLQHLQDXFKLKUHP%UXGHUJXWH1DFKW


]X]XUXIHQ VDK VLH GD‰ LQ GHU JDQ]HQ )OXFKW /LFKW ZDU XQG GD‰
7KRPDVGLH+lQGHDXIGHP5FNHQGDULQKLQXQGZLGHUJLQJ

9LHUWHV.DSLWHO

$OOHLQJHEOLHEHQKDWWHGHU6HQDWRUVHLQHQ3ODW]DP7LVFKHZLHGHU
HLQJHQRPPHQ VHLQ 3LQFHQH] KHUYRUJH]RJHQ XQG LQ GHU /HNWUH
VHLQHU =HLWXQJ IRUWIDKUHQ ZROOHQ $EHU QDFK ]ZHL 0LQXWHQ VFKRQ
KDWWHQ VHLQH $XJHQ VLFK YRQ GHP EHGUXFNWHQ 3DSLHU HUKREHQ XQG
RKQH GLH +DOWXQJ VHLQHV .|USHUV ]X YHUlQGHUQ KDWWH HU ODQJH =HLW
JHUDGHDXV ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ 3RUWLHUHQ KLQGXUFK XQYHUZDQGW LQ GDV
'XQNHOGHV6DORQVJHEOLFNW
:LHELV]XU8QNHQQWOLFKNHLWYHUlQGHUWVHLQ*HVLFKWVLFKDXVQDKP
ZHQQ HU VLFK DOOHLQ EHIDQG 'LH 0XVNHOQ GHV 0XQGHV XQG GHU
:DQJHQ VRQVW GLV]LSOLQLHUW XQG ]XP *HKRUVDP JH]ZXQJHQ LP
'LHQVWHHLQHUXQDXIK|UOLFKHQ:LOOHQVDQVWUHQJXQJVSDQQWHQVLFKDE
HUVFKODIIWHQ ZLH HLQH 0DVNH ILHO GLH OlQJVW QXU QRFK NQVWOLFK
IHVWJHKDOWHQH0LHQHGHU:DFKKHLW8PVLFKW/LHEHQVZUGLJNHLWXQG
(QHUJLH YRQ GLHVHP *HVLFKWH DE XP HV LQ GHP =XVWDQGH HLQHU
JHTXlOWHQ 0GLJNHLW ]XUFN]XODVVHQ GLH $XJHQ PLW WUEHP XQG
VWXPSIHP $XVGUXFN DXI HLQHQ *HJHQVWDQG JHULFKWHW RKQH LKQ ]X
XPIDVVHQU|WHWHQVLFKEHJDQQHQ]XWUlQHQ±XQGRKQH0XW]XGHP
9HUVXFKHDXFKVLFKVHOEVWQRFK]XWlXVFKHQYHUPRFKWHHUYRQDOOHQ
*HGDQNHQ GLH VFKZHU ZLUU XQG UXKHORV VHLQHQ .RSI HUIOOWHQ QXU
GHQHLQHQYHU]ZHLIHOWHQIHVW]XKDOWHQGD‰7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNPLW
]ZHLXQGYLHU]LJ-DKUHQHLQHUPDWWHWHU0DQQZDU
(UVWULFKODQJVDPXQGWLHIDXIDWPHQGPLWGHU+DQGEHU6WLUQXQG
$XJHQ HQW]QGHWH PHFKDQLVFK HLQH QHXH =LJDUHWWH REJOHLFK HU
ZX‰WH GD‰ HV LKP VFKDGHWH XQG IXKU IRUW GXUFK GHQ 5DXFK LQV
'XQNHO ]X EOLFNHQ« :HOFK HLQ *HJHQVDW] ]ZLVFKHQ GHU OHLGHQGHQ
6FKODIIKHLW VHLQHU =JH XQG GHU HOHJDQWHQ EHLQDKH PDUWLDOLVFKHQ
7RLOHWWHGLHGLHVHP.RSIHJHZLGPHWZDU GHPSDUIPLHUWHQ ODQJ
DXVJH]RJHQHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW GHU SHLQOLFK UDVLHUWHQ *OlWWH YRQ .LQQ
XQG :DQJHQ GHU VRUJIlOWLJHQ )ULVXU GHV +DXSWKDDUHV GHVVHQ


EHJLQQHQGH /LFKWXQJ DP :LUEHO QDFK 0|JOLFKNHLW YHUGHFNW ZDU
GDV LQ ]ZHL OlQJOLFKHQ (LQEXFKWXQJHQ YRQ GHQ ]DUWHQ 6FKOlIHQ
]XUFNWUHWHQGHLQHQVFKPDOHQ6FKHLWHOELOGHWH XQG EHU GHQ 2KUHQ
QLFKWPHKUODQJXQGJHNUDXVWZLHHLQVWVRQGHUQVHKUNXU]JHKDOWHQ
ZDU GDPLW PDQ QLFKW VlKH GD‰ HV DQ GLHVHU 6WHOOH HUJUDXWH« (U
VHOEVW HPSIDQG LKQ GLHVHQ *HJHQVDW] XQG HU ZX‰WH ZRKO GD‰
QLHPDQGHP GUDX‰HQ LQ GHU 6WDGW GHU :LGHUVWUHLW HQWJHKHQ NRQQWH
GHU ]ZLVFKHQ VHLQHU EHZHJOLFKHQ HODVWLVFKHQ $NWLYLWlW XQG GHU
PDWWHQ%OlVVHVHLQHV*HVLFKWHVEHVWDQG
1LFKW GD‰ HU LQ JHULQJHUHP 0D‰H DOV HKHPDOV GRUW GUDX‰HQ HLQH
ZLFKWLJH XQG XQHQWEHKUOLFKH 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW JHZHVHQ ZlUH 'LH
)UHXQGHZLHGHUKROWHQHVXQGGLH 1HLGHU NRQQWHQ HV QLFKW OHXJQHQ
GD‰%UJHUPHLVWHU'RNWRU/DQJKDOVPLWZHLWYHUQHKPEDUHU6WLPPH
GHQ $XVVSUXFK VHLQHV 9RUJlQJHUV 2HYHUGLHFN EHVWlWLJW KDWWH
6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRNVHLGHV%UJHUPHLVWHUVUHFKWH+DQG'D‰DEHU
GLH )LUPD -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN QLFKW PHKU GDV ZDU ZDV VLH
YRU]HLWHQ JHZHVHQ GDV VFKLHQ HLQH VR JDVVHQOlXILJH :DKUKHLW GD‰
+HUU 6WXKW LQ GHU *ORFNHQJLH‰HUVWUD‰H HV VHLQHU )UDX HU]lKOHQ
NRQQWH ZHQQ VLH PLWWDJV ]XVDPPHQ LKUH 6SHFNVXSSH YHU]HKUWHQ«
XQG7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNVW|KQWHGDUEHU
*OHLFKZRKO ZDU HU VHOEVW HV GHU ]XU (QWVWHKXQJ GLHVHU
$QVFKDXXQJVZHLVHDPPHLVWHQEHLJHWUDJHQKDWWH(UZDUHLQUHLFKHU
0DQQ XQG NHLQHU GHU 9HUOXVWH GLH HU HUOLWWHQ DXFK GHQ VFKZHUHQ
GHV -DKUHV  QLFKW DXVJHQRPPHQ KDWWH GLH ([LVWHQ] GHU )LUPD
HUQVWOLFK LQ )UDJH VWHOOHQ N|QQHQ $EHU REJOHLFK HU ZLH
VHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFK IRUWIXKU LQ DQJHPHVVHQHU :HLVH ]X
UHSUlVHQWLHUHQXQGVHLQHQ'LQHUVGLH$Q]DKOYRQ*lQJHQ]XJHEHQ
GLH VHLQH *lVWH YRQ LKQHQ HUZDUWHWHQ KDWWH GRFK GLH 9RUVWHOOXQJ
VHLQ *OFN XQG (UIROJ VHL GDKLQ GLHVH 9RUVWHOOXQJ GLH PHKU HLQH
LQQHUH :DKUKHLW ZDU DOV GD‰ VLH DXI lX‰HUH 7DWVDFKHQ JHJUQGHW
JHZHVHQ ZlUH LKQ LQ HLQHQ =XVWDQG VR DUJZ|KQLVFKHU 9HU]DJWKHLW
YHUVHW]WGD‰HUZLHQLHPDOV]XYRUGDV*HOGDQVLFK]XKDOWHQXQGLQ
VHLQHP 3ULYDWOHEHQ LQ IDVW NOHLQOLFKHU :HLVH ]X VSDUHQ EHJDQQ
+XQGHUWPDO KDWWH HU GHQ NRVWVSLHOLJHQ %DX VHLQHV QHXHQ +DXVHV
YHUZQVFKW GDV LKP VR HPSIDQG HU QLFKWV DOV 8QKHLO JHEUDFKW
KDWWH 'LH 6RPPHUUHLVHQ ZXUGHQ HLQJHVWHOOW XQG GHU NOHLQH
6WDGWJDUWHQ PX‰WH GHQ $XIHQWKDOW DP 6WUDQGH RGHU LP *HELUJH


HUVHW]HQ 'LH 0DKO]HLWHQ GLH HU JHPHLQVDP PLW VHLQHU *DWWLQ XQG
GHP NOHLQHQ +DQQR HLQQDKP ZDUHQ DXI VHLQ ZLHGHUKROWHV XQG
VWUHQJHV *HKHL‰ YRQ HLQHU (LQIDFKKHLW GLH LP *HJHQVDW]H ]X GHP
ZHLWHQ SDUNHWWLHUWHQ 6SHLVH]LPPHU PLW VHLQHP KRKHQ XQG
OX[XUL|VHQ3ODIRQGXQG VHLQHQSUDFKWYROOHQ (LFKHQP|EHOQ NRPLVFK
ZLUNWH :lKUHQG OlQJHUHU =HLW ZDU 'HVVHUW QXU IU GHQ 6RQQWDJ
JHVWDWWHW«'LH(OHJDQ]VHLQHVbX‰HUHQEOLHEGLHVHOEHDEHU$QWRQ
GHUODQJMlKULJH%HGLHQWHZX‰WHGRFKLQGHU.FKH]XHU]lKOHQGD‰
GHU 6HQDWRU MHW]W QXU QRFK MHGHQ ]ZHLWHQ 7DJ GDV ZHL‰H +HPG
ZHFKVHOH GD GLH :lVFKH GDV IHLQH /LQQHQ DOO]XVHKU UXLQLHUH« (U
ZX‰WH QRFK PHKU (U ZX‰WH DXFK GD‰ HU HQWODVVHQ ZHUGHQ VROOWH
*HUGD SURWHVWLHUWH 'UHL 'LHQVWERWHQVHLHQ ]XU ,QVWDQGKDOWXQJ HLQHV
VR JUR‰HQ +DXVHV NDXP JHQXJ (V KDOI QLFKWV PLW HLQHP
DQJHPHVVHQHQ *HOGJHVFKHQN ZDUG $QWRQ GHU VR ODQJH GHQ %RFN
HLQJHQRPPHQKDWWHZHQQ7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNLQGHQ6HQDWIXKU
YHUDEVFKLHGHW
6ROFKHQ 0D‰UHJHOQ HQWVSUDFK GDV IUHXGORVH 7HPSR GDV GHU
*HVFKlIWVJDQJ DQJHQRPPHQ KDWWH 1LFKWV ZDU PHKU ]X YHUVSUHQ
YRQ GHP QHXHQ XQG IULVFKHQ *HLVWH PLW GHP GHU MXQJH 7KRPDV
%XGGHQEURRNHLQVWGHQ%HWULHEEHOHEWKDWWHXQGVHLQ6R]LXV+HUU
)ULHGULFK :LOKHOP 0DUFXV ZHOFKHU QXU PLW JHULQJHP .DSLWDOH
EHWHLOLJW LQ NHLQHP )DOOH EHGHXWHQGHQ (LQIOX‰ EHVHVVHQ KlWWH ZDU
YRQ1DWXUXQG7HPSHUDPHQWMHGHU,QLWLDWLYHEDU
,P /DXIH GHU -DKUH KDWWH VHLQH 3HGDQWHULH ]XJHQRPPHQ XQG ZDU
]XU YROOVWlQGLJHQ :XQGHUOLFKNHLW JHZRUGHQ (U EUDXFKWH HLQH
9LHUWHOVWXQGH XP VLFK XQWHU 6FKQXUUEDUWVWUHLFKHQ 5lXVSHUQ XQG
EHGlFKWLJHQ 6HLWHQEOLFNHQ HLQH =LJDUUH DQ]XVFKQHLGHQ XQG GLH
6SLW]H LQ VHLQHQ *HOGEHXWHO ]X YHUVHQNHQ 'HV $EHQGV ZHQQ GLH
*DVODPSHQMHGHQ:LQNHOGHV.RQWRUVWDJKHOOHUOHXFKWHWHQXQWHUOLH‰
HU HV QLHPDOV QRFK HLQH EUHQQHQGH 6WHDULQNHU]H DXI VHLQ 3XOW ]X
VWHOOHQ 1DFK MHGHU KDOEHQ 6WXQGH HUKRE HU VLFK XP VLFK ]XU
:DVVHUOHLWXQJ ]X EHJHEHQ XQG VHLQHQ .RSI ]X EHJLH‰HQ (LQHV
9RUPLWWDJV ODJ XQRUGHQWOLFKHUZHLVH HLQ OHHUHU *HWUHLGHVDFN XQWHU
VHLQHP 3XOW GHQ HU IU HLQH .DW]H KLHOW XQG ]XP *DXGLXP GHV
JHVDPWHQ 3HUVRQDOV XQWHU ODXWHQ 9HUZQVFKXQJHQ ]X YHUMDJHQ
VXFKWH«1HLQHUZDUQLFKWGHU0DQQGHUMHW]LJHQ0DWWLJNHLWVHLQHV
.RPSDJQRQV]XP7URW]I|UGHUQGLQGLH*HVFKlIWHHLQ]XJUHLIHQXQG


RIWHUID‰WHGHQ6HQDWRUZLHMHW]WZlKUHQGHUPDWWHQ%OLFNHVLQGLH
)LQVWHUQLV GHV 6DORQV KLQEHUVWDUUWH GLH 6FKDP XQG HLQH
YHU]ZHLIHOWH 8QJHGXOG ZHQQ HU VLFK GHQ XQEHWUlFKWOLFKHQ
.OHLQEHWULHE GDV SIHQQLJZHLVH *HVFKlIWHPDFKHQ YHUJHJHQZlUWLJWH
]XGHPVLFKLQOHW]WHU=HLWGLH)LUPD-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNHUQLHGULJW
KDWWH
$EHUZDUHVQLFKWJXWVR"$XFKGDV8QJOFNGDFKWHHUKDWVHLQH
=HLW:DUHVQLFKWZHLVH VLFKVWLOO ]X YHUKDOWHQ ZlKUHQG HV LQXQV
KHUUVFKWVLFKQLFKW]XUKUHQDE]XZDUWHQXQGLQ5XKHLQQHUH.UlIWH
]XVDPPHOQ":DUXPPX‰WHPDQMHW]WPLWGLHVHP9RUVFKODJDQLKQ
KHUDQWUHWHQLKQDXVVHLQHUNOXJHQ5HVLJQDWLRQYRUGHU=HLWDXIVW|UHQ
XQG LKQ PLW =ZHLIHOQ XQG %HGHQNHQ HUIOOHQ :DU GLH =HLW
JHNRPPHQ" :DU GLHV HLQ )LQJHU]HLJ" 6ROOWH HU HUPXQWHUW ZHUGHQ
DXI]XVWHKHQXQGHLQHQ6FKODJ]XIKUHQ"0LWDOOHU(QWVFKLHGHQKHLW
GLH HU VHLQHU 6WLPPH ]X JHEHQ YHUPRFKW KDWWH HU GDV $QVLQQHQ
]XUFNJHZLHVHQ DEHU ZDU VHLW 7RQ\ DXIJHEURFKHQ ZLUNOLFK GDV
*DQ]HHUOHGLJW"(VVFKLHQQLFKWGHQQHUVD‰KLHUXQGJUEHOWHª0DQ
EHJHJQHWHLQHP9RUVFKODJHQXUGDQQPLW(UUHJWKHLWZHQQPDQVLFK
LQVHLQHP:LGHUVWDQGHQLFKWVLFKHUIKOW«©(LQHYHUWHXIHOWVFKODXH
3HUVRQGLHVHNOHLQH7RQ\
:DV KDWWH HU LKU HQWJHJHQJHKDOWHQ" (U KDWWH HV VHKU JXW XQG
HLQGULQJOLFK JHVDJW ZLH HU VLFK HULQQHUWH ª8QUHLQOLFKH
0DQLSXODWLRQ« ,P WUEHQ ILVFKHQ« %UXWDOH $XVEHXWXQJ« (LQHQ
:HKUORVHQ EHUV 2KU KDXHQ« :XFKHUSURILW«© DXVJH]HLFKQHW
$OOHLQHVIUDJWHVLFKREGLHVGLH*HOHJHQKHLWZDUVRODXWH:RUWHLQV
*HIHFKW ]X IXKUHQ .RQVXO +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P ZUGH VLH QLFKW
JHVXFKW XQG ZUGH VLH QLFKW JHIXQGHQ KDEHQ :DU 7KRPDV
%XGGHQEURRNHLQ*HVFKlIWVPDQQHLQ0DQQGHUXQEHIDQJHQHQ7DW±
RGHUHLQVNUXSXO|VHU1DFKGHQNHU"
2 MD GDV ZDU GLH )UDJH GDV ZDU YRQ MHKHU VRODQJH HU GHQNHQ
NRQQWH VHLQH )UDJH JHZHVHQ 'DV /HEHQ ZDU KDUW XQG GDV
*HVFKlIWVOHEHQ ZDU LQ VHLQHP UFNVLFKWVORVHQ XQG XQVHQWLPHQWDOHQ
9HUODXIHHLQ$EELOGGHVJUR‰HQXQGJDQ]HQ/HEHQV6WDQG7KRPDV
%XGGHQEURRN PLW EHLGHQ %HLQHQ IHVW ZLH VHLQH 9lWHU LQ GLHVHP
KDUWHQ XQG SUDNWLVFKHQ /HEHQ" 2IW JHQXJ YRQ MHKHU KDWWH HU
8UVDFKHJHKDEWGDUDQ]X]ZHLIHOQ2IWJHQXJYRQ-XJHQGDQKDWWH
HUGLHVHP/HEHQJHJHQEHUVHLQ)KOHQNRUULJLHUHQPVVHQ«+lUWH


]XIJHQ +lUWH HUOHLGHQ XQG HV QLFKW DOV +lUWH VRQGHUQ DOV HWZDV
6HOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKHV HPSILQGHQ ± ZUGH HU GDV QLHPDOV YROOVWlQGLJ
HUOHUQHQ"
(UHULQQHUWHVLFKGHV(LQGUXFNHVGHQGLH.DWDVWURSKHGHV-DKUHV
DXI LKQ KHUYRUJHEUDFKW KDWWH XQG HU ULHI VLFK GLH XQDXVVSUHFKOLFK
VFKPHU]OLFKHQ (PSILQGXQJHQ ]XUFN GLH LKQ GDPDOV EHUZlOWLJW
KDWWHQ(UKDWWHHLQHJUR‰H6XPPH*HOGHVYHUORUHQ«DFKQLFKWGDV
ZDUGDV8QHUWUlJOLFKVWHJHZHVHQ$EHUHUKDWWH]XPHUVWHQ0DOHLQ
YROOHP8PIDQJHXQGDPHLJHQHQ/HLEHGLHJUDXVDPH%UXWDOLWlWGHV
*HVFKlIWVOHEHQV YHUVSUHQ PVVHQ LQ GHP DOOH JXWHQ VDQIWHQ XQG
OLHEHQVZUGLJHQ (PSILQGXQJHQ VLFK YRU GHP HLQHQ URKHQ QDFNWHQ
XQGKHUULVFKHQ,QVWLQNWGHU6HOEVWHUKDOWXQJYHUNULHFKHQXQGLQGHP
HLQHUOLWWHQHV8QJOFNEHLGHQ)UHXQGHQGHQEHVWHQ)UHXQGHQQLFKW
7HLOQDKPH QLFKW 0LWJHIKO VRQGHUQ ± ¾0L‰WUDXHQ½ NDOWHV
DEOHKQHQGHV 0L‰WUDXHQ KHUYRUUXIW +DWWHHU GDV QLFKW JHZX‰W" :DU
HUEHUXIHQVLFKGDUEHU]XYHUZXQGHUQ"
:LH VHKU KDWWH HU VLFK VSlWHU LQ EHVVHUHQ XQG VWlUNHUHQ 6WXQGHQ
GDUEHU JHVFKlPW GD‰ HU LQ GHQ VFKODIORVHQ 1lFKWHQ YRQ GDPDOV
VLFKHPS|UWYROO(NHOXQGXQKHLOEDUYHUOHW]WJHJHQGLHKl‰OLFKHXQG
VFKDPORVH+lUWHGHV/HEHQVDXIJHOHKQWKDWWH
:LH DOEHUQ GDV JHZHVHQ ZDU :LH OlFKHUOLFK MHGHVPDO GLHVH
5HJXQJHQJHZHVHQZDUHQZHQQHUVLHHPSIXQGHQKDWWH:LHZDUHV
EHUKDXSW P|JOLFK GD‰ VLH LQ LKP HQWVWDQGHQ" 'HQQ QRFKPDOV
JHIUDJW:DUHUHLQSUDNWLVFKHU0HQVFKRGHUHLQ]lUWOLFKHU7UlXPHU"
$FK GLHVH )UDJH KDWWH HU VLFK VFKRQ WDXVHQGPDO JHVWHOOW XQG HU
KDWWHVLHLQVWDUNHQXQG]XYHUVLFKWOLFKHQ6WXQGHQEDOGVRXQG±LQ
PGHQ ± EDOG VR EHDQWZRUWHW $EHU HU ZDU ]X VFKDUIVLQQLJ XQG
HKUOLFKDOVGD‰HUVLFKQLFKWVFKOLH‰OLFKGLH:DKUKHLWKlWWHJHVWHKHQ
PVVHQGD‰HUHLQ*HPLVFKYRQEHLGHPVHL
=HLW VHLQHV /HEHQV KDWWH HU VLFK GHQ /HXWHQ DOV WlWLJHU 0DQQ
SUlVHQWLHUWDEHUVRZHLWHUPLW5HFKWGDIUJDOWZDUHUHVQLFKWPLW
VHLQHP JHUQ ]LWLHUWHQ *RHWKH¶VFKHQ :DKO XQG :DKUVSUXFK ± DXV
EHZX‰WHU hEHUOHJXQJ JHZHVHQ" (U KDWWH HKHPDOV (UIROJH ]X
YHU]HLFKQHQ JHKDEW« DEHU ZDUHQ VLH QLFKW QXU DXV GHP
(QWKXVLDVPXV GHU 6FKZXQJNUDIW KHUYRUJHJDQJHQ GLH HU GHU
5HIOH[LRQ YHUGDQNWH" 8QG GDHU QXQ GDQLHGHUODJ GD VHLQH .UlIWH 


ZHQQDXFK*RWWJHEHHVQLFKWIULPPHUHUVFK|SIWVFKLHQHQZDU
HVQLFKWGLHQRWZHQGLJH)ROJHGLHVHVXQKDOWEDUHQ=XVWDQGHVGLHVHV
XQQDWUOLFKHQ XQG DXIUHLEHQGHQ :LGHUVWUHLWHV LQ VHLQHP ,QQHUQ"«
2E VHLQ 9DWHU VHLQ *UR‰YDWHU VHLQ 8UJUR‰YDWHU GLH 3|SSHQUDGHU
(UQWH DXI GHP +DOPH JHNDXIW KDEHQ ZUGHQ" *OHLFKYLHO«
*OHLFKYLHO«$EHUGD‰VLHSUDNWLVFKH0HQVFKHQJHZHVHQGD‰VLHHV
YROOHUJDQ]HUVWlUNHUXQEHIDQJHQHUQDWUOLFKHUJHZHVHQZDUHQDOV
HUGDVZDUHVZDVIHVWVWDQG«
(LQH JUR‰H 8QUXKH HUJULII LKQ HLQ %HGUIQLV QDFK %HZHJXQJ
5DXPXQG/LFKW(UVFKREVHLQHQ6WXKO]XUFNJLQJKLQEHULQGHQ
6DORQ XQG HQW]QGHWH PHKUHUH *DVIODPPHQ GHV /VWHUV EHU GHP
0LWWHOWLVFKH(UEOLHEVWHKHQGUHKWHODQJVDPXQGNUDPSIKDIWDQGHU
ODQJHQ6SLW]HVHLQHV6FKQXUUEDUWHVXQGEOLFNWHRKQHHWZDV]XVHKHQ
LQGLHVHPOX[XUL|VHQ*HPDFKHXPKHU(VQDKP]XVDPPHQPLWGHP
:RKQ]LPPHUGLHJDQ]H)URQWEUHLWHGHV+DXVHVHLQZDUPLWKHOOHQ
JHVFKZHLIWHQ 0|EHOQ DXVJHVWDWWHW XQG WUXJ PLW VHLQHP JUR‰HQ
.RQ]HUWIOJHO DXI GHP *HUGD¶V *HLJHQNDVWHQ VWDQG VHLQHU PLW
1RWHQEFKHUQ EHODGHQHQ (WDJHUH GDQHEHQ GHP JHVFKQLW]WHQ
6WHKSXOWXQGGHQ%DVUHOLHIVYRQPXVL]LHUHQGHQ$PRUHWWHQEHUGHQ
7UHQ GHQ &KDUDNWHU HLQHV 0XVLN]LPPHUV 'HU (UNHU ZDU PLW
3DOPHQDQJHIOOW
6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRNVWDQG]ZHLRGHUGUHL0LQXWHQRKQHVLFK]X
EHZHJHQ'DQQUDIIWHHUVLFKDXIJLQJLQV:RKQ]LPPHU]XUFNWUDW
LQV 6SHLVH]LPPHU XQG HUOHXFKWHWH DXFK GLHV (U PDFKWH VLFK DP
%IIHW ]X VFKDIIHQ WUDQN XP VHLQ +HU] ]X EHUXKLJHQ RGHU XP
EHUKDXSW HWZDV ]X WXQ HLQ *ODV :DVVHU XQG JLQJ GDQQ UDVFK GLH
+lQGHDXIGHP5FNHQZHLWHULQGLH7LHIHGHV+DXVHVKLQHLQ'DV
¾5DXFK]LPPHU½ ZDU GXQNHO P|EOLHUW XQG PLW +RO] JHWlIHOW (U
|IIQHWH PHFKDQLVFK GHQ =LJDUUHQVFKUDQN YHUVFKOR‰ LKQ VRIRUW
ZLHGHUXQGHUKREDP6SLHOWLVFKHGHQ'HFNHOHLQHUNOHLQHQHLFKHQHQ
7UXKHGLH.DUWHQVSLHOH1RWL]EORFNVXQGlKQOLFKH'LQJHHQWKLHOW(U
OLH‰ HLQH $Q]DKO NQ|FKHUQHU $QOHJHPDUNHQ NODSSHUQG GXUFK VHLQH
+DQG JOHLWHQ ZDUI GHQ 'HFNHO ]X XQG ZDQGWH VLFK DEHUPDOV ]XP
*HKHQ
(LQ NOHLQHV .DELQHWW PLW HLQHP EXQWIDUELJHQ )HQVWHUFKHQ JUHQ]WH
DQ GDV 5DXFK]LPPHU (V ZDU OHHU ELV DXI HLQLJH JDQ] OHLFKWH
¾6HUYDQWHQ½ GLH LQHLQDQGHU JHVFKREHQ ZDUHQ XQG DXI GHQHQ HLQ


/LN|UNDVWHQVWDQG9RQKLHUDXVDEHUEHWUDWPDQGHQ6DDOZHOFKHU
PLWVHLQHUXQJHKHXUHQ3DUNHWWIOlFKHXQGVHLQHQYLHUKRKHQZHLQURW
YHUKDQJHQHQ)HQVWHUQGLHDXIGHQ*DUWHQKLQDXVEOLFNWHQZLHGHUXP
GLHJDQ]H%UHLWHGHV+DXVHVLQ$QVSUXFKQDKP(UZDUDXVJHVWDWWHW
PLWHLQHP3DDUVFKZHUHUQLHGULJHU6RIDVYRQGHP5RWGHU3RUWLHUHQ
XQG HLQHU $Q]DKO YRQ 6WKOHQ GLH KRFKOHKQLJ XQG HUQVW DQ GHQ
:lQGHQ VWDQGHQ (LQ .DPLQ ZDU GRUW KLQWHU GHVVHQ *LWWHU IDOVFKH
.RKOHQ ODJHQ XQG PLW LKUHQ 6WUHLIHQ YRQ URWJROGHQHP *ODQ]SDSLHU
]XJOKHQVFKLHQHQ$XIGHU0DUPRUSODWWHYRUGHP6SLHJHOUDJWHQ
]ZHLPlFKWLJHFKLQHVLVFKH9DVHQ«
1XQODJGLHJDQ]H=LPPHUIOXFKWLP/LFKWHHLQ]HOQHU*DVIODPPHQ
ZLHQDFKHLQHP)HVWHZHQQGHUOHW]WH*DVWVRHEHQGDYRQJHIDKUHQ
'HU6HQDWRUGXUFKPD‰GHQ6DDOHLQPDOGHU/lQJHQDFKEOLHEGDQQ
DQGHP)HQVWHUVWHKHQGDVGHP.DELQHWWJHJHQEHUODJXQGEOLFNWH
LQGHQ*DUWHQKLQDXV
'HU0RQGVWDQGKRFKXQGNOHLQ]ZLVFKHQ IORFNLJHQ :RONHQ XQG
GHU 6SULQJEUXQQHQ OLH‰ VHLQHQ 6WUDKO LQ GHU 6WLOOH XQWHU GHQ
EHUKlQJHQGHQ=ZHLJHQGHV:DOQX‰EDXPHVSOlWVFKHUQ7KRPDVVDK
KLQEHU DXI GHQ 3DYLOORQ GHU GDV *DQ]H DEVFKOR‰ DXI GLH NOHLQH
ZHL‰ JOlQ]HQGH 7HUUDVVH PLW GHQ EHLGHQ 2EHOLVNHQ DXI GLH
UHJHOPl‰LJHQ .LHVZHJH GLH IULVFK XPJHJUDEHQHQ DEJH]LUNHOWHQ
%HHWHXQG5DVHQSOlW]H«DEHU GLHVH JDQ]H ]LHUOLFKHXQG XQJHVW|UWH
6\PPHWULHZHLWHQWIHUQWLKQ]XEHUXKLJHQYHUOHW]WHXQGUHL]WHLKQ
(U HUID‰WH PLW GHU +DQG GLH .OLQNH GHV )HQVWHUV OHJWH VHLQH 6WLUQ
GDUDXI XQG OLH‰ VHLQH *HGDQNHQ LKUHQ TXDOYROOHQ *DQJ ZLHGHU
DQWUHWHQ
:RZROOWHHVPLWLKPKLQDXV"(UHULQQHUWHVLFKHLQHU%HPHUNXQJ
GLH HU YRUKLQ VHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU JHJHQEHU KDWWH IDOOHQ ODVVHQ XQG
EHU GLH HU VHOEVW VLFK VREDOG VLH DXVJHVSURFKHQ DOV EHU HWZDV
K|FKVW hEHUIOVVLJHV JHlUJHUW KDWWH (U KDWWH YRP *UDIHQ 6WUHOLW]
JHVSURFKHQ YRP /DQGDGHO XQG KDWWH EHL GLHVHU *HOHJHQKHLW NODU
XQG GHXWOLFK GLH 0HLQXQJ DXVJHGUFNW GD‰ HLQH VR]LDOH
hEHUOHJHQKHLW GHV 3URGX]HQWHQ EHU GHQ =ZLVFKHQKlQGOHU
DQ]XHUNHQQHQ VHL :DU GDV ]XWUHIIHQG" $FK PHLQ *RWW HV ZDU VR
XQVlJOLFK JOHLFKJOWLJ RE HV ]XWUHIIHQG ZDU $EHU ZDU HU EHUXIHQ
GLHVHQ *HGDQNHQ DXV]XVSUHFKHQ LKQ LQ (UZlJXQJ ]X ]LHKHQ
EHUKDXSWGDUDXI]XYHUIDOOHQ":DU HU LPVWDQGH VLFK VHLQHQ9DWHU


VHLQHQ*UR‰YDWHULUJHQGHLQHQVHLQHU0LWEUJHUYRU]XVWHOOHQZLHHU
GLHVHP *HGDQNHQ QDFKKLQJ XQG LKP $XVGUXFN YHUOLHK" (LQ 0DQQ
GHU IHVW XQG ]ZHLIHOORV LQ VHLQHP %HUXIH VWHKW NHQQW QXU GLHVHQ
ZHL‰QXUYRQGLHVHPVFKlW]WQXUGLHVHQ«
3O|W]OLFKIKOWHHUZLHGDV%OXWLKPKHL‰]XP.RSIHVWLHJZLHHU
HUU|WHWH EHL HLQHU ]ZHLWHQ (ULQQHUXQJ GLH ZHLWHU ]XUFNODJ (U VDK
VLFK PLW VHLQHP %UXGHU &KULVWLDQ LP *DUWHQ GHV 0HQJVWUD‰HQ
+DXVHV XPKHUJHKHQEHJULIIHQ LQHLQHP 6WUHLWHHLQHU GLHVHUVR WLHI
EHGDXHUQVZHUWHQ HUUHJWHQ $XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJHQ« &KULVWLDQ KDWWH
LQVHLQHULQGLVNUHWHQXQGNRPSURPLWWLHUHQGHQ$UWYRUYLHOHQ2KUHQ
HLQH OLHGHUOLFKH bX‰HUXQJ JHWDQ EHU ZHOFKH HU LKQ ZWHQG
HPS|UW DXIV bX‰HUVWH JHUHL]W ]XU 5HGH JHVWHOOW KDWWH (LJHQWOLFK
KDWWH &KULVWLDQ JHVDJW HLJHQWOLFK XQG LP *UXQGH VHL GRFK MHGHU
*HVFKlIWVPDQQ HLQ %HWUJHU« :LH" ZDU GLHVH LQVLSLGH XQG
QLFKWVZUGLJH 5HGHQVDUW LKUHP :HVHQ QDFK VR ZHLW HQWIHUQW YRQ
GHUMHQLJHQ GLH HU VHOEVW VLFK VRHEHQ QRFK VHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU
JHJHQEHU JHVWDWWHW KDWWH" (U KDWWH VLFK GDUEHU HQWUVWHW KDWWH
ZXWHQWEUDQQW GDJHJHQ SURWHVWLHUW« $EHU ZLH KDWWH GLHVH VFKODXH
NOHLQH7RQ\ JHVDJW" :HUVLFK HUHLIHUW« ª1HLQ© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU
SO|W]OLFK PLW ODXWHU 6WLPPH HUKRE PLW HLQHP 5XFN GHQ .RSI OLH‰
GHQ)HQVWHUJULIIIDKUHQVWLH‰VLFKI|UPOLFKGDYRQ]XUFNXQGVDJWH
HEHQVRODXWª'LHVLVW]X(QGH©'DQQUlXVSHUWHHUVLFKXPEHUGLH
XQDQJHQHKPH (PSILQGXQJ KLQZHJ]XNRPPHQ GLH VHLQH HLJHQH
HLQVDPH6WLPPHLKPYHUXUVDFKWHZDQGWHVLFKXQGEHJDQQVFKQHOO
JHVHQNWHQ .RSIHV GLH +lQGH DXI GHP 5FNHQ KLQ XQG KHU GXUFK
DOOH=LPPHU]XJHKHQª'LHVLVW]X(QGH©ZLHGHUKROWHHUª(VPX‰
HLQ (QGH JHPDFKW ZHUGHQ ,FK YHUEXPPHOH LFK YHUVXPSIH LFK
ZHUGH DOEHUQHU DOV &KULVWLDQ© 2K HV ZDU XQHQGOLFK GDQNHQVZHUW
GD‰ HU VLFK QLFKW LQ 8QZLVVHQKHLW GDUEHU EHIDQG ZLH HV PLW LKP
VWDQG1XQZDUHVLQVHLQH+DQGJHJHEHQVLFK]XNRUULJLHUHQ0LW
*HZDOW«/D‰VHKHQ«OD‰VHKHQ«ZDVZDUHVIUHLQ$QJHERWGDV
LKP GD JHPDFKW ZRUGHQ ZDU" 'LH (UQWH« 'LH 3|SSHQUDGHU (UQWH
DXIGHP+DOP"ª,FKZHUGHHVWXQ©VDJWHHUPLWOHLGHQVFKDIWOLFKHP
)OVWHUQ XQG VFKWWHOWH VRJDU HLQH +DQG PLW DXVJHVWUHFNWHP
=HLJHILQJHUª,FKZHUGHHVWXQ©
(VZDUMDZRKOGDVZDVPDQHLQHQ&RXSQHQQW"(LQH*HOHJHQKHLW
HLQ.DSLWDOYRQVDJHQZLUHLQPDOYLHU]LJWDXVHQG.XUDQWPDUNJDQ]


HLQIDFKXQGHLQZHQLJEHUWULHEHQDXVJHGUFNW±]XYHUGRSSHOQ"«
-D HV ZDU HLQ )LQJHU]HLJ HLQ :LQN VLFK ]X HUKHEHQ (V KDQGHOWH
VLFK XP HLQHQ $QIDQJ HLQHQ HUVWHQ 6WUHLFK XQG GDV 5LVLNR GDV
GDPLW YHUEXQGHQ ZDU HUJDE QXU HLQH :LGHUOHJXQJ PHKU DOOHU
PRUDOLVFKHQ 6NUXSHOQ *HODQJ HV GDQQ ZDU HU ZLHGHUKHUJHVWHOOW
GDQQ ZUGH HU ZLHGHU ZDJHQ GDQQ ZUGH HU GDV *OFN XQG GLH
0DFKWZLHGHUPLWGLHVHQLQQHUHQHODVWLVFKHQ.ODPPHUQKDOWHQ«
1HLQ GHQ +HUUHQ ¾6WUXQFN  +DJHQVWU|P½ ZUGH GLHVHU )DQJ
OHLGHU HQWJHKHQ (V JDE DP 2UWH HLQH )LUPD GLH LQ GLHVHP )DOOH
LQIROJH YRQ SHUV|QOLFKHQ 9HUELQGXQJHQ GHQQ GRFK GLH 9RUKDQG
KDWWH«,QGHU7DWGDV3HUV|QOLFKHZDUKLHUGDV(QWVFKHLGHQGH(V
ZDUNHLQJHZ|KQOLFKHV*HVFKlIWGDVPDQNKOXQGLQGHQEOLFKHQ
)RUPHQHUOHGLJW(VWUXJYLHOPHKUZLHHVGXUFK7RQ\¶V9HUPLWWOXQJ
HLQJHOHLWHW ZRUGHQ KDOEZHJV GHQ &KDUDNWHU HLQHU
3ULYDWDQJHOHJHQKHLW GLH PLW 'LVNUHWLRQ XQG 9HUELQGOLFKNHLW ]X
EHKDQGHOQ ZDU $FK QHLQ +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P ZlUH ZRKO NDXP
GHU 0DQQ GDIU JHZHVHQ« 7KRPDV EHQXW]WH DOV .DXIPDQQ GLH
.RQMXQNWXUXQGDXFKEHLP9HUNDXIHQDFKKHUZUGHHUVLHEHL*RWW
]X EHQXW]HQ ZLVVHQ $QGHUHUVHLWV DEHU HUZLHV HU GHP EHGUlQJWHQ
*XWVKHUUQ HLQHQ 'LHQVW ]X GHP HU GXUFK GLH )UHXQGVFKDIW 7RQ\¶V
PLW )UDX YRQ 0DLERRP JDQ] DOOHLQ EHUXIHQ ZDU 6FKUHLEHQ DOVR«
KHXWH DEHQG QRFK VFKUHLEHQ  QLFKW DXI GHP *HVFKlIWVSDSLHU PLW
)LUPHQGUXFN VRQGHUQ DXI HLQHP 3ULYDWEULHIERJHQ DXI GHP QXU
ª6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRN©JHGUXFNWVWDQGLQUFNVLFKWVYROOVWHU:HLVH
VFKUHLEHQXQGIUDJHQREHLQ%HVXFKLQGHQQlFKVWHQ7DJHQJHQHKP
VHL (LQH KHLNOH 6DFKH LPPHUKLQ (LQ HWZDV JODWWHU *UXQG XQG
%RGHQ DXI GHP PDQ VLFK PLW HLQLJHU *UD]LH EHZHJHQ PX‰WH«
'HVWRPHKUHWZDVIULKQ
8QGVHLQH6FKULWWHZXUGHQQRFKJHVFKZLQGHUVHLQ$WHPWLHIHU(U
VHW]WH VLFK HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN VSUDQJ DXI XQG ZDQGHUWH DXIV QHXH
GXUFK DOOH =LPPHU (U GXUFKGDFKWH GDV *DQ]H QRFK HLQPDO HU
GDFKWH DQ +HUUQ 0DUFXV DQ +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P &KULVWLDQ XQG
7RQ\VDKGLHJHOEUHLIH(UQWHYRQ3|SSHQUDGHLP:LQGHVFKZDQNHQ
SKDQWDVLHUWH YRQ GHP DOOJHPHLQHQ $XIVFKZXQJ GHU )LUPD GHU
GLHVHP&RXSIROJHQZUGHYHUZDUI]RUQLJDOOH%HGHQNHQVFKWWHOWH
VHLQH+DQGXQGVDJWHª,FKZHUGHHVWXQ©


)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU |IIQHWH GLH 7U ]XP 6SHLVH]LPPHU XQG ULHI
ª*XWH1DFKW©(UDQWZRUWHWHRKQHHV]XZLVVHQ*HUGDYRQGHUVLFK
&KULVWLDQ DQ GHU +DXVWU YHUDEVFKLHGHW KDWWH WUDW HLQ XQG LQ LKUHQ
VHOWVDPHQ QDKH EHLHLQDQGHUOLHJHQGHQ EUDXQHQ $XJHQ ODJ GHU
UlWVHOKDIWH 6FKLPPHU GHQ GLH 0XVLN LKQHQ ]X JHEHQ SIOHJW 'HU
6HQDWRU EOLHE PHFKDQLVFK YRU LKU VWHKHQ IUDJWH PHFKDQLVFK QDFK
GHP VSDQLVFKHQ9LUWXRVHQ XQG GHP 9HUODXIH VHLQHV .RQ]HUWHV XQG
YHUVLFKHUWH GDQQ VRJOHLFK VLFK HEHQIDOOV ]XU 5XKH EHJHEHQ ]X
ZROOHQ
$EHU HU JLQJ QLFKW ]XU 5XKH VRQGHUQ QDKP VHLQH :DQGHUXQJ
ZLHGHUDXI(UGDFKWHDQGLH6lFNHPLW:HL]HQ5RJJHQ+DIHUXQG
*HUVWH ZHOFKH GLH %|GHQ GHV ¾/|ZHQ½ GHV ¾:DOILVFKHV½ GHU
¾(LFKH½XQGGHU¾/LQGH½IOOHQVROOWHQVDQQEHUGHP3UHLVHGHP 
RK GXUFKDXV QLFKW XQDQVWlQGLJHQ 3UHLVH GHQ HU ]X ELHWHQ
EHDEVLFKWLJWH VWLHJ XP 0LWWHUQDFKW OHLVH LQV .RQWRU KLQXQWHU XQG
VFKULHE EHL +HUUQ 0DUFXV¶ 6WHDULQNHU]H LQ HLQHP =XJH HLQHQ %ULHI
DQ+HUUQYRQ0DLERRPDXI3|SSHQUDGHHLQHQ%ULHIGHUDOVHULKQ
PLW ILHEHUKHL‰HP XQG VFKZHUHP .RSIH GXUFKODV LKP DOV GHU EHVWH
XQGWDNWYROOVWHVHLQHV/HEHQVHUVFKLHQ
'DV ZDU LQ GHU 1DFKW YRU GHP  0DL $P QlFKVWHQ 7DJH
HU|IIQHWHHUVHLQHU6FKZHVWHULQOHLFKWHU XQG KXPRULVWLVFKHU:HLVH
GD‰ HU GLH 6DFKH QXQ YRQ DOOHQ 6HLWHQ EHWUDFKWHW KDEH XQG GD‰ HU
+HUUQ YRQ 0DLERRP QLFKW HLQIDFK HLQHQ .RUE JHEHQ XQG DQ GHQ
QlFKVWHQ %HXWHOVFKQHLGHU YHUZHLVHQ N|QQH $P  GHV 0RQDWV
XQWHUQDKPHUHLQH5HLVHQDFK5RVWRFNXQGIXKUYRQGRUWPLWHLQHP
0LHWVZDJHQEHU/DQG
6HLQH /DXQH ZDU YRUWUHIIOLFK LQ GHQ QlFKVWHQ 7DJHQ VHLQ *DQJ
HODVWLVFKXQGIUHLVHLQ0LHQHQVSLHOYHUELQGOLFK(UQHFNWH.ORWKLOGH
ODFKWHKHU]OLFKEHU&KULVWLDQVFKHU]WHPLW7RQ\VSLHOWHDP6RQQWDJ
HLQH JDQ]H 6WXQGH ODQJ PLW +DQQR DXI GHP ¾$OWDQ½ LQ GHU ]ZHLWHQ
(WDJHLQGHPHUVHLQHP6RKQHKDOIZLQ]LJH*HWUHLGHVlFNHDQHLQHP
NOHLQHQ]LHJHOURWHQ6SHLFKHUKLQDXI]XZLQGHQXQGGDEHLGLHKRKOHQ
XQG JHGHKQWHQ 5XIH GHU $UEHLWHU QDFKDKPWH« XQG KLHOW LQ GHU
%UJHUVFKDIWVVLW]XQJ YRP  -XQL EHU GHQ ODQJZHLOLJVWHQ
*HJHQVWDQG YRQ GHU :HOW EHU LUJHQGHLQH 6WHXHUIUDJH HLQH VR
DXVJH]HLFKQHWH XQG ZLW]LJH 5HGH GD‰ HU LQ DOOHQ 6WFNHQ 5HFKW


EHNDP XQG .RQVXO +DJHQVWU|P GHU LKP RSSRQLHUW KDWWH GHU
DOOJHPHLQHQ+HLWHUNHLWDQKHLPILHO

)QIWHV.DSLWHO

:DU HV 8QDFKWVDPNHLW RGHU $EVLFKW YRQ GHV 6HQDWRUV 6HLWH ± HV


IHKOWHQLFKWYLHOVRZlUHHUEHUHLQH7DWVDFKHKLQZHJJHJDQJHQGLH
QXQ GXUFK )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ZHOFKH VLFK DP WUHXHVWHQ XQG
KLQJHEHQGVWHQ PLW GHQ )DPLOLHQSDSLHUHQ EHVFKlIWLJWH DOOHU :HOW
YHUNQGHWZDUGGLH7DWVDFKHGD‰LQGHQ'RNXPHQWHQGHU-XOLGHV
-DKUHVDOV*UQGXQJVWDJGHU)LUPDDQJHQRPPHQZDUXQGGD‰
GLHKXQGHUWVWH:LHGHUNHKUGLHVHV7DJHVEHYRUVWDQG
)DVW VFKLHQ HV GD‰ 7KRPDV VLFK XQDQJHQHKP EHUKUW IKOWH DOV
7RQ\ LKQ PLW EHZHJWHU 6WLPPH GDUDXI DXIPHUNVDP PDFKWH 'HU
$XIVFKZXQJVHLQHU/DXQHZDUQLFKWYRQ'DXHUJHZHVHQ$OO]XEDOG
ZDUHUZLHGHUVWLOO JHZRUGHQVWLOOHU YLHOOHLFKW DOV YRUKHU 0LWWHQ LQ
GHU $UEHLW NRQQWHHUGDV.RQWRU YHUODVVHQ XP YRQ 8QUXKH HUID‰W
HLQVDPLP*DUWHQXPKHU]XJHKHQGDQQXQGZDQQZLHJHKHPPWXQG
DXIJHKDOWHQVWHKHQ]XEOHLEHQXQG VHXI]HQG GLH $XJHQ PLW GHU +DQG
]XEHGHFNHQ(UVDJWHQLFKWVHUVSUDFKVLFKQLFKWDXV«*HJHQZHQ
DXFK" +HUU 0DUFXV ZDU ± HLQ HUVWDXQOLFKHU $QEOLFN ± ]XP HUVWHQ
0DOH LQ VHLQHP /HEHQ KHIWLJ JHZRUGHQ DOV VHLQ .RPSDJQRQ LKP
NXU]HUKDQGYRQGHP*HVFKlIWHPLW3|SSHQUDGH0LWWHLOXQJJHPDFKW
KDWWHXQGKDWWHMHGH9HUDQWZRUWXQJXQGMHGH%HWHLOLJXQJDEJHOHKQW
6HLQHU 6FKZHVWHU )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU DEHU YHUULHW VLFK 7KRPDV DQ
HLQHP 'RQQHUVWDJDEHQG DXI GHU 6WUD‰H DOV VLH VLFK PLW HLQHU
$QVSLHOXQJ DXI GLH (UQWH YRQ LKP YHUDEVFKLHGHWH GXUFK HLQHQ
HLQ]LJHQ NXU]HQ +lQGHGUXFN GHP HU KDVWLJ XQG OHLVH GLH :RUWH
KLQ]XIJWH ª$FK 7RQ\ LFK ZROOWH LFK KlWWH VFKRQ ZLHGHU
YHUNDXIW© 'DQQ ZDQGWH HU VLFK MlK DEEUHFKHQG ]XP *HKHQ XQG
OLH‰)UDX$QWRQLHYHUGXW]WXQGHUJULIIHQ]XUFN«'LHVHUSO|W]OLFKH
+lQGHGUXFN KDWWH HWZDV YRQ DXVEUHFKHQGHU 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ GLHVHV
JHIOVWHUWH :RUW VR YLHO YRQ ODQJH YHUKDOWHQHU $QJVW JHKDEW« $OV
DEHU7RQ\EHLGHUQlFKVWHQ*HOHJHQKHLWYHUVXFKWKDWWHDXIGLH6DFKH


]XUFN]XNRPPHQ KDWWH HU VLFK LQ GHVWR DEOHKQHQGHUHV 6FKZHLJHQ
JHKOOW YROO 6FKDP EHU GLH 6FKZlFKH PLW GHU HU VLFK HLQHQ
$XJHQEOLFN KDWWH JHKHQODVVHQ YROO (UELWWHUXQJ EHU VHLQH
8QWDXJOLFKNHLWGLHV8QWHUQHKPHQYRUVLFKVHOEVW]XYHUDQWZRUWHQ«
1XQVDJWHHUVFKZHUIlOOLJXQGYHUGULH‰OLFKª$FKPHLQH/LHEHLFK
ZROOWHZLUN|QQWHQGDVJDQ]HLQIDFKLJQRULHUHQ©
ª,JQRULHUHQ7RP"8QP|JOLFK8QGHQNEDU0HLQVWGXGXN|QQWHVW
GLHVH7DWVDFKHXQWHUVFKODJHQ"0HLQVWGXGLHJDQ]H6WDGWN|QQWHGLH
%HGHXWXQJGLHVHV7DJHVYHUJHVVHQ"©
ª,FK VDJH QLFKW GD‰ HV P|JOLFK LVW LFK VDJH GD‰ HV PLU OLHEHU
ZlUH ZLU N|QQWHQ GHQ 7DJ PLW 6WLOOVFKZHLJHQ EHJHKHQ 'LH
9HUJDQJHQKHLW]XIHLHUQLVWKEVFKZHQQPDQZDV*HJHQZDUWXQG
=XNXQIWEHWULIIWJXWHU'LQJHLVW«6LFKVHLQHU9lWHU]XHULQQHUQLVW
DQJHQHKPZHQQPDQVLFKHLQLJPLWLKQHQZHL‰XQGVLFKEHZX‰WLVW
LPPHULQLKUHP6LQQHJHKDQGHOW]XKDEHQ«.lPHGDV-XELOlXP]X
JHOHJHQHUHU=HLW«.XU]LFKELQZHQLJDXIJHOHJW)HVWH]XIHLHUQ©
ª'X PX‰W VR QLFKW UHGHQ 7RP 'X PHLQVW HV DXFK QLFKW VR XQG
ZHL‰W ZRKO GD‰ HV HLQH 6FKDQGH HLQH 6FKDQGH ZlUH GDV
KXQGHUWMlKULJH-XELOlXP GHU )LUPD -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN VDQJ XQG
NODQJORV YRUEHUJHKHQ ]X ODVVHQ 'X ELVW MHW]W QXU HLQ EL‰FKHQ
QHUY|V XQG LFK ZHL‰ DXFK ZDUXP« REJOHLFK HLJHQWOLFK JDU NHLQH
8UVDFKHGDIUYRUKDQGHQLVW«$EHUZHQQGHU7DJGDLVWGDQQZLUVW
GXVRIUHXGLJEHZHJWVHLQZLHZLUDOOH«©
6LHKDWWHUHFKWGHU7DJZDUQLFKWPLW6WLOOVFKZHLJHQ]XEHUJHKHQ
1LFKWODQJHVRWDXFKWHLQGHQ¾$Q]HLJHQ½HLQH YRUEHUHLWHQGH 1RWL]
DXI GLH HLQH DXVIKUOLFKH 5HNDSLWXODWLRQ GHU *HVFKLFKWH GHV
DOWDQJHVHKHQHQ +DQGHOVKDXVHV IU GHQ )HVWWDJ VHOEVW LQ $XVVLFKW
VWHOOWH  XQG HV KlWWH LKUHU NDXP EHGXUIW XP GLH ZRKOO|EOLFKH
.DXIPDQQVFKDIW DXIPHUNVDP ]X PDFKHQ :DV DEHU GLH )DPLOLH
EHWUDI VR ZDU -XVWXV .U|JHU GHU HUVWH GHU DP 'RQQHUVWDJ GDV
%HYRUVWHKHQGH ]XU 6SUDFKH EUDFKWH XQG )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU VRUJWH
GDIUGD‰ZDUGDV'HVVHUWDEJHWUDJHQGLHHKUZUGLJH/HGHUPDSSH
PLWGHQ)DPLOLHQGRNXPHQWHQIHLHUOLFKDXIJHOHJWZDUGXQGGD‰PDQ
DOV 9RUIHLHU VLFK PLW GHQ 'DWHQ GLH DXV GHP /HEHQ GHV VHOLJHQ
-RKDQ %XGGHQEURRN +DQQR¶V 8U8U*UR‰YDWHU GHV *UQGHUV GHU
)LUPDEHNDQQWZDUHQHLQJHKHQGEHVFKlIWLJWH:DQQHUGLH)ULHVHOQ


XQGZDQQGLHHFKWHQ%ODWWHUQJHKDEWZDQQHUYRPGULWWHQ%RGHQDXI
GLH 'DUUH JHVWU]W XQG ZDQQ LQ HLQ KLW]LJ )LHEHU PLW 5DVHUHL
YHUIDOOHQ YHUODV VLH PLW HLQHP UHOLJL|VHQ (UQVWH 6LH NRQQWH VLFK
QLFKW JHQXJ WXQ VLH JULII ]XUFN ELV LQV VHFK]HKQWH -DKUKXQGHUW ]X
GHP lOWHVWHQ %XGGHQEURRN GHU EHNDQQW ]X GHP GHU ]X *UDEDX
5DWVKHUU JHZHVHQ XQG ]X GHP *HZDQGVFKQHLGHU LQ 5RVWRFN GHU
VLFK ªVHKU JXW JHVWDQGHQ© ± ZDV XQWHUVWULFKHQ ZDU ± XQG VR
DX‰HURUGHQWOLFKYLHOHOHEHQGLJHXQGWRWH.LQGHUJHKDEW«ª:DVIU
HLQ SUlFKWLJHU 0HQVFK© ULHI VLH DXV XQG PDFKWH VLFK GDUDQ DOWH
YHUJLOEWHXQGHLQJHULVVHQH%ULHIHXQG)HVWSRHPHYRU]XWUDJHQ«
+HUU :HQ]HO ZDU ZLH VLFK YHUVWHKW DP 0RUJHQ GHV  -XOL GHU
HUVWH *UDWXODQW ª-D +HUU 6HQDWRU KXQGHUW -DKU© VDJWH HU XQG OLH‰
0HVVHUXQG6WUHLFKULHPHQEHKHQGHLQVHLQHQURWHQ+lQGHQVSLHOHQ«
ª8QGXQJHIlKUGLH+lOIWHGDYRQGDVGDUILFKZROOVDJHQKDE¶LFKLQ
GHU ZHUWHQ )DPLOLH UDVLHUW XQG GD HUOHEW PDQ PDQFKHV PLW ZHQQ
PDQ LPPHU GHU HUVWH LVW GHU GHQ &KHI ]X VSUHFKHQ NULHJW« 'HU
VHOLJH+HUU.RQVXOZDUDXFKLPPHUGHV0RUJHQVDPJHVSUlFKLJVWHQ
XQGGDQQIUDJWHHUPLFKZROO:HQ]HOIUDJW¶HUZDVKDOWHQ6LHYRQ
GHP 5RJJHQ" 6ROO LFK YHUNDXIHQ RGHU PHLQHQ 6LH GD‰ HU QRFK
VWHLJW"«©
ª-D:HQ]HOLFKNDQQPLUGDV*DQ]HDXFKRKQH6LHQLFKWGHQNHQ
,KU %HUXI ZLH LFK ,KQHQ VFKRQ PDQFKPDO VDJWH KDW ZLUNOLFK VHKU
YLHO5HL]YROOHV:HQQ6LHPRUJHQVPLW,KUHU7RXUIHUWLJVLQGGDQQ
VLQG6LHNOJHUDOVDOOHGHQQGDQQKDEHQ6LHGLH&KHIVYRQXQJHIlKU
DOOHQ JUR‰HQ +lXVHUQ XQWHU GHP 0HVVHU JHKDEW XQG NHQQHQ GLH
/DXQH YRQ MHGHP HLQ]HOQHQ XQG GDUXP NDQQ 6LH MHGHU HLQ]HOQH
EHQHLGHQGHQQGDVLVWVHKULQWHUHVVDQW©
ª'D LV ZDV :DKUHV GUDQ +HUU 6HQDWHU :DV DEHU +HUUQ 6HQDWHU
VHLQH HLJQH /DXQH EHWULIIW ZHQQ LFK VR VDJHQ GDUI« +HUU 6HQDWHU
VLQGKHXW¶PRUJHQZLHGHUHLQEL‰FKHQEOD‰"©
ª6R" -D LFK KDEH .RSIVFKPHU]HQ XQG GLH ZHUGHQ QDFK
PHQVFKOLFKHU 9RUDXVVLFKW QLFKW VR VFKQHOO YRUEHUJHKHQ GHQQ LFK
JODXEHPDQZLUGPLFKKHXWHHWZDVLQ$QVSUXFKQHKPHQ©
ª*ODXE¶ LFK DXFK +HUU 6HQDWHU 'LH 7HLOQDKPH LVW JUR‰ GLH
7HLOQDKPHLVWVHKUJUR‰6HKHQ+HUU6HQDWHUQDFKKHUPDQJOHLFKPDO
DXV GHP )HQVWHU (LQH 0HQJH )DKQHQ 8QG XQWHQ YRU GHU


)LVFKHUJUXEH OLHJHQ GHU ¾:XOOHQZHYHU½ XQG GLH ¾)ULHGHULNH
2HYHUGLHFN½PLWDOOHQ:LPSHOQ«©
ª1D PDFKHQ 6LH DOVR VFKQHOO :HQ]HO LFK KDEH NHLQH =HLW ]X
YHUOLHUHQ©
'HU6HQDWRUQDKPKHXWHQLFKWHUVWGLH.RQWRUMDFNHVRQGHUQ]RJ]X
VHLQHP KHOOHQ %HLQNOHLG VRIRUW HLQHQ VFKZDU]HQ RIIHQHQ 5RFN DQ
GHU GLH ZHL‰H 3LNHHZHVWH VHKHQ OLH‰ %HVXFKH ZDUHQ IU GHQ
9RUPLWWDJ ]X HUZDUWHQ (U ZDUI HLQHQ OHW]WHQ %OLFN LQ GHQ
7RLOHWWHQVSLHJHO OLH‰ QRFK HLQPDO GLH ODQJHQ 6SLW]HQ GHV
6FKQXUUEDUWHV GXUFK GLH %UHQQVFKHUH JOHLWHQ XQG ZDQGWH VLFK PLW
HLQHP NXU]HQ 6HXI]HU ]XP *HKHQ 'HU 7DQ] EHJDQQ« :lUH HUVW
GLHVHU 7DJ YRUEHU :UGH HU HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN DOOHLQ VHLQ HLQHQ
$XJHQEOLFN VHLQH *HVLFKWVPXVNHOQ DEVSDQQHQ N|QQHQ" (PSIlQJH
ZlKUHQGGHVJDQ]HQ7DJHVEHLGHQHQHVJDOWGHQ*UDWXODWLRQHQYRQ
KXQGHUW 0HQVFKHQ PLW 7DNW XQG :UGH ]X EHJHJQHQ QDFK DOOHQ
6HLWHQ PLW 8PVLFKW XQG VLFKHUHU 1XDQFLHUXQJ SDVVHQGH :RUWH ]X
ILQGHQ HKUHUELHWLJH HUQVWH IUHXQGOLFKH LURQLVFKH VFKHU]KDIWH
QDFKVLFKWLJH KHU]OLFKH« XQG YRP 1DFKPLWWDJ ELV LQ GLH 1DFKW
KLQHLQHLQ+HUUHQGLQHULP5DWVZHLQNHOOHU«
(VZDUQLFKWZDKUGD‰HU.RSIVFKPHU]HQKDWWH(UZDUQXUPGH
XQG IKOWH ZLHGHU NDXP GD‰ GHU HUVWH 0RUJHQIULHGH GHU 1HUYHQ
YRUEHLGLHVHQXQEHVWLPPWHQ*UDPDXIVLFKODVWHQ«:DUXPKDWWHHU
JHORJHQ" :DU HV QLFKW EHVWlQGLJ DOV KlWWH HU VHLQHP hEHOEHILQGHQ
JHJHQEHU HLQ VFKOHFKWHV *HZLVVHQ" :DUXP" :DUXP"« $EHU HV
ZDUMHW]WNHLQH=HLWGDUEHUQDFK]XGHQNHQ
$OVHULQV(‰]LPPHUWUDWNDP*HUGDLKPOHEKDIWHQWJHJHQ$XFK
VLH ZDU VFKRQLQ (PSIDQJVWRLOHWWH 6LH WUXJ HLQHQ JODWWHQ 5RFN DXV
VFKRWWLVFKHP 6WRII HLQH ZHL‰H %OXVH XQG HLQ GQQHV VHLGHQHV
=XDYHQMlFNFKHQGDUEHUYRQGHUGXQNHOURWHQ)DUEHLKUHVVFKZHUHQ
+DDUHV 6LH ]HLJWH OlFKHOQG LKUH EUHLWHQ HEHQPl‰LJHQ =lKQH GLH
QRFK ZHL‰HU ZDUHQ DOV LKU VFK|QHV *HVLFKW XQG DXFK LKUH $XJHQ
GLHVH QDKH EHLVDPPHQOLHJHQGHQ UlWVHOKDIWHQ EUDXQHQ $XJHQ PLW
GHQEOlXOLFKHQ6FKDWWHQOlFKHOWHQKHXWHª,FKELQVFKRQVWXQGHQODQJ
DXI GHQ )‰HQ ZRUDXV GX VFKOLH‰HQ NDQQVW ZLH HQWKXVLDVWLVFK
PHLQH*OFNZQVFKHVLQG©
ª6LHKGD'LHKXQGHUW-DKUHPDFKHQ(LQGUXFNDXIGLFK"©


ª'HQ DOOHUWLHIVWHQ« $EHU HV LVW DXFK P|JOLFK GD‰ HV QXU GDV
)HVWOLFKHEHUKDXSWLVW«:DVIUHLQ7DJ'LHVGD]XP%HLVSLHO©
XQG VLH ZLHV DXI GHQ )UKVWFNVWLVFK GHU PLW %OXPHQ DXV GHP
*DUWHQ EHNUlQ]W ZDU ªLVW )UlXOHLQ -XQJPDQQV :HUN« hEULJHQV
LUUVW GX ZHQQ GX GHQNVW GX N|QQWHVW MHW]W 7HH WULQNHQ ,P 6DORQ
HUZDUWHQ GLFK VFKRQ GLH ZLFKWLJVWHQ 0LWJOLHGHU GHU )DPLOLH XQG
]ZDUPLWHLQHU)HVWJDEHDQGHULFKHEHQIDOOVQLFKWJDQ]XQEHWHLOLJW
ELQ«+|UH7KRPDVGLHVLVWQDWUOLFKQXUGHU$QIDQJGHV5HLJHQV
YRQ9LVLWHQGHUVLFKHQWZLFNHOQZLUG=X$QIDQJZLOOLFKDXVKDOWHQ
DEHU JHJHQ 0LWWDJ ]LHKH LFK PLFK ]XUFN GDV VDJH LFK GLU 'HU
+LPPHO LVW REJOHLFK GDV %DURPHWHU HLQ ZHQLJ JHIDOOHQ LVW QRFK
LPPHUYRQHLQHPXQYHUVFKlPWHQ%ODXZDV]ZDU]XGHQ)ODJJHQ«
GHQQGLHJDQ]H6WDGWLVWEHIODJJW«VHKUJXWDXVVLHKW DEHUHVZLUG
HLQH IUFKWHUOLFKH +LW]H JHEHQ« .RPP MHW]W KLQEHU 'HLQ
)UKVWFNPX‰ZDUWHQ'XKlWWHVWIUKHUDXIVWHKHQVROOHQ1XQPX‰W
GXGLHHUVWH5KUXQJDXIGHLQHQOHHUHQ0DJHQZLUNHQODVVHQ«©
'LH .RQVXOLQ &KULVWLDQ .ORWKLOGH ,GD -XQJPDQQ )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU XQG +DQQR EHIDQGHQ VLFK LP 6DORQ XQG GLH EHLGHQ
OHW]WHUHQKLHOWHQQLFKWRKQH$QVWUHQJXQJGLH)HVWJDEHGHU)DPLOLH
HLQH JUR‰H *HGHQNWDIHO DXIUHFKW« 'LH .RQVXOLQ XPDUPWH LKUHQ
bOWHVWHQLQWLHIHU%HZHJXQJª0HLQOLHEHU6RKQGDVLVWHLQVFK|QHU
7DJ« HLQ VFK|QHU 7DJ«© ZLHGHUKROWH VLH ª:LU GUIHQ QLHPDOV
DXIK|UHQ *RWW LQ XQVHUHQ +HU]HQ ]X SUHLVHQ IU DOOH *QDGH« IU
DOOH*QDGH«©6LHZHLQWH
'HQ 6HQDWRU EHILHO HLQH 6FKZlFKH LQ GLHVHU 8PDUPXQJ (V ZDU
DOV RE LQ VHLQHP ,QQHUHQ VLFK HWZDV O|VWH XQG LKQ YHUOLH‰ 6HLQH
/LSSHQEHEWHQ(LQKLQIlOOLJHV%HGUIQLVHUIOOWHLKQLQGHQ$UPHQ
VHLQHU 0XWWHU DQ LKUHU %UXVW LQ GHP ]DUWHQ 3DUIP GDV YRQ GHU
ZHLFKHQ 6HLGH LKUHV .OHLGHV DXVJLQJ PLW JHVFKORVVHQHQ $XJHQ ]X
YHUKDUUHQQLFKWVPHKUVHKHQXQGQLFKWVPHKUVDJHQ]XPVVHQ«(U
N‰WH VLH XQG ULFKWHWH VLFK DXI XP VHLQHP %UXGHU GLH +DQG ]X
UHLFKHQGHUVLHPLWGHUKDOE]HUVWUHXWHQXQGKDOEYHUOHJHQHQ0LHQH
GUFNWHGLHLKPEHL)HLHUOLFKNHLWHQHLJHQZDU.ORWKLOGHVDJWHHWZDV
*HGHKQWHV XQG )UHXQGOLFKHV :DV )UlXOHLQ -XQJPDQQ EHWUDI VR
EHVFKUlQNWHVLHVLFKGDUDXIVLFKVHKUWLHI]XYHUEHXJHQZREHLLKUH
+DQGPLWGHUVLOEHUQHQ8KUNHWWHVSLHOWHGLHDQLKUHPIODFKHQ%XVHQ
KLQJ« ª.RPP KHU 7RP© VDJWH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU PLW ZDQNHQGHU


6WLPPHªZLUN|QQHQHVQXQQLFKWPHKUKDOWHQ+DQQRXQGLFK©6LH
WUXJ GLH 7DIHO EHLQDKH DOOHLQ GD +DQQR¶V $UPH QLFKW YLHO
YHUPRFKWHQXQGERWLQLKUHUEHJHLVWHUWHQhEHUDQVWUHQJXQJGDV%LOG
HLQHUYHU]FNWHQ0lUW\UHULQ,KUH$XJHQZDUHQIHXFKWLKUH:DQJHQ
KRFKJHU|WHW XQG LKUH =XQJHQVSLW]H VSLHOWH PLW HLQHP KDOE
YHU]ZHLIHOWHQ KDOE VSLW]EELVFKHQ $XVGUXFN DQ GHU 2EHUOLSSH«
ª-D QXQ ]X HXFK© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU ª:DV LVW GHQQ GDV" .RPPW
OD‰W ORV ZLU ZROOHQ VLH DQOHKQHQ© (U VWHOOWH GLH 7DIHO QHEHQ GHP
)OJHODXIUHFKWJHJHQGLH:DQGXQGEOLHEXPJHEHQYRQGHQ6HLQHQ
GDYRUVWHKHQ
'HUVFKZHUHJHVFKQLW]WH1X‰KRO]UDKPHQXPVSDQQWHHLQHQ.DUWRQ
ZHOFKHU XQWHU *ODV GLH 3RUWUlWV GHU YLHU ,QKDEHU GHU )LUPD -RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRN ]HLJWH 1DPH XQG -DKUHV]DKO VWDQGHQ LQ *ROGGUXFN
XQWHU MHGHP 'D ZDU QDFK HLQHP DOWHQ gOJHPlOGH DQJHIHUWLJW GDV
%LOG-RKDQ%XGGHQEURRNVGHV*UQGHUVHLQODQJHUXQGHUQVWHUDOWHU
+HUU GHU PLWIHVWJHVFKORVVHQHQ /LSSHQ VWUHQJ XQG ZLOOHQVIHVW EHU
VHLQ -DERW KLQZHJEOLFNWH GD ZDU GDV EUHLWH XQG MRYLDOH $QJHVLFKW
-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRNV -HDQ -DFTXHV +RIIVWHGH¶V )UHXQG GD KLHOW
PLW VHLQHP LQ GLH 9DWHUP|UGHU JHVFKREHQHQ .LQQ VHLQHP EUHLWHQ
XQG IDOWLJHQ 0XQGH XQG VHLQHU JUR‰HQ VWDUN JHERJHQHQ 1DVH GHU
.RQVXO -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN GLH JHLVWYROOHQ YRQ UHOLJL|VHU
6FKZlUPHUHLVSUHFKHQGHQ $XJHQ DXI GHQ %HVFKDXHU JHULFKWHW XQG
HQGOLFK ZDU GD 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN VHOEVW LQ HWZDV MQJHUHQ
-DKUHQ« (LQH VWLOLVLHUWH JROGHQH .RUQlKUH ]RJ VLFK ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ
%LOGHUQ KLQ XQWHU GHQHQ HEHQIDOOV LQ *ROGGUXFN GLH =DKOHQ 
XQG  EHGHXWVDP QHEHQHLQDQGHU SUDQJWHQ =X +lXSWHQ GHV
*DQ]HQ DEHU ZDU LQ KRKHQ JRWLVFKHQ /HWWHUQ XQG LQ GHU 6FKUHLEDUW
GHVVHQGHULKQVHLQHQ1DFKIDKUHQ EHUOLHIHUW GHU 6SUXFK ]X OHVHQ
ª0HLQ6RKQVH\PLW/XVWEH\GHQ*HVFKlIWHQDP7DJHDEHUPDFKH
QXUVROFKHGD‰ZLUEH\1DFKWUXKLJVFKODIHQN|QQHQ©
'LH +lQGH DXI GHP 5FNHQ EHWUDFKWHWH GHU 6HQDWRU GLH 7DIHO
OlQJHUH =HLW ª-D MD© VDJWH HU SO|W]OLFK PLW ]LHPOLFK VS|WWLVFKHP
$N]HQW ªHLQH XQJHVW|UWH 1DFKWUXKH LVW HLQH JXWH 6DFKH«© 'DQQ
HUQVW ZHQQ DXFK HLQ ZHQLJ IOFKWLJ VDJWH HU DQ DOOH $QZHVHQGHQ
JHZDQGW ª,FK GDQN¶ HXFK KHU]OLFK PHLQH /LHEHQ 'DV LVW HLQ VHKU
VFK|QHV XQG VLQQLJHV *HVFKHQN« :DV PHLQW LKU ± ZRKLQ KlQJHQ
ZLUHV",QV3ULYDWNRQWRU"©


ª-D 7RP EHU GHLQHQ 6FKUHLEWLVFK LP 3ULYDWNRQWRU© DQWZRUWHWH
)UDX3HUPDQHGHUXQGXPDUPWHLKUHQ%UXGHUGDQQ]RJVLHLKQLQGHQ
(UNHUXQGZLHVKLQDXV
8QWHU GHP WLHIEODXHQ 6RPPHUKLPPHO IODWWHUWHQ GLH ]ZHLIDUELJHQ
)ODJJHQ YRQ DOOHQ +lXVHUQ  GLH JDQ]H )LVFKHUJUXEH KLQXQWHU YRQ
GHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HELV]XP+DIHQZRVHOEVWGHU¾:XOOHQZHYHU½XQG
GLH ¾)UHGHULNH 2HYHUGLHFN½ LKUHP 5HHGHU ]X (KUHQ XQWHU YROOHP
:LPSHOVFKPXFN ODJHQ ª6R LVW GLH JDQ]H 6WDGW© VDJWH )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU XQG LKUH 6WLPPH EHEWH« ª,FK ELQ VFKRQ
VSD]LHUHQJHJDQJHQ 7RP $XFK +DJHQVWU|PV KDEHQ JHIODJJW +D
VLHN|QQHQQLFKWDQGHUV«,FKZUGHLKQHQGLH)HQVWHUHLQZHUIHQ«©
(UOlFKHOWHXQGVLH]RJLKQLQV=LPPHU]XUFNDQGHQ7LVFKª8QG
KLHUVLQG7HOHJUDPPH7RP«QXUGLHHUVWHQSHUV|QOLFKHQQDWUOLFK
YRQGHUDXVZlUWLJHQ)DPLOLH'LHYRQGHQ*HVFKlIWVIUHXQGHQJHKHQ
DQV.RQWRU«©
6LH |IIQHWHQ HLQ SDDU 'HSHVFKHQ YRQ GHQ +DPEXUJHUQ YRQ GHQ
)UDQNIXUWHUQ YRQ +HUUQ $UQROGVHQ XQG VHLQHQ $QJHK|ULJHQ LQ
$PVWHUGDPYRQ-UJHQ.U|JHULQ:LVPDU«3O|W]OLFKHUU|WHWH)UDX
3HUPDQHGHU WLHI ª(U LVW LQ VHLQHU $UW HLQ JXWHU 0HQVFK© VDJWH VLH
XQG VFKRE LKUHP %UXGHU HLQ 7HOHJUDPP ]X GDV VLH HUEURFKHQ (V
ZDUJH]HLFKQHWª3HUPDQHGHU©
ª$EHU GLH =HLW YHUJHKW© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU XQG OLH‰ GHQ 'HFNHO
VHLQHU7DVFKHQXKUVSULQJHQª,FKP|FKWH7HHWULQNHQ:ROOWLKUPLU
*HVHOOVFKDIW OHLVWHQ" 'DV +DXV ZLUG QDFKKHU ZLH HLQ
7DXEHQVFKODJ«©
6HLQH *DWWLQ GHU ,GD -XQJPDQQ HLQ =HLFKHQ JHJHEHQ KDWWH KLHOW
LKQ ]XUFN ª(LQHQ $XJHQEOLFN 7KRPDV« 'X ZHL‰W +DQQR PX‰
JOHLFKLQ GLH 3ULYDWVWXQGH« (U P|FKWH GLU HLQ *HGLFKW KHUVDJHQ«
.RPP KHU +DQQR 8QG QXQ DOV RE QLHPDQG GD ZlUH .HLQH
$XIUHJXQJ©
'HUNOHLQH-RKDQQPX‰WHDXFKZlKUHQGGHU)HULHQ GHQQLP-XOL
ZDUHQ 6RPPHUIHULHQ  3ULYDWXQWHUULFKW LP 5HFKQHQ QHKPHQ XP LQ
GLHVHP)DFKHPLWVHLQHU.ODVVH6FKULWWKDOWHQ]XN|QQHQ,UJHQGZR
LQGHU9RUVWDGW6DQNW*HUWUXGLQHLQHUKHL‰HQ6WXEHLQGHUHVQLFKW
]XP EHVWHQ URFK HUZDUWHWH LKQ HLQ 0DQQ PLW URWHP %DUW XQG
XQUHLQOLFKHQ)LQJHUQlJHOQXPPLWLKPGLHVYHU]ZHLIHOWH(LQPDOHLQV


]XH[HU]LHUHQ=XYRUDEHUJDOWHVGHP3DSDGDV*HGLFKWDXI]XVDJHQ
GDV *HGLFKW GDV HU PLW ,GD DXI GHP $OWDQ LQ GHU ]ZHLWHQ (WDJH
VRUJIlOWLJHUOHUQW«
(UOHKQWHDP)OJHOLQVHLQHP.RSHQKDJHQHU0DWURVHQDQ]XJPLW
GHP EUHLWHQ /HLQZDQGNUDJHQ GHP ZHL‰HQ +DOVHLQVDW] XQG GHP
GLFNHQ6FKLIIHUNQRWHQGHUXQWHUGHP.UDJHQKHUYRUTXROOGLH]DUWHQ
%HLQHJHNUHX]W.RSIXQG2EHUN|USHUHLQZHQLJDEJHZDQGWLQHLQHU
+DOWXQJ YROO VFKHXHU XQG XQEHZX‰WHU *UD]LH 9RU ]ZHL RGHU GUHL
:RFKHQZDUVHLQODQJHV+DDULKPDEJHVFKQLWWHQZRUGHQZHLOLQGHU
6FKXOH QLFKW QXU VHLQH .DPHUDGHQ VRQGHUQ DXFK VHLQH /HKUHU VLFK
GDUEHU OXVWLJ JHPDFKW KDWWHQ $EHU DXI GHP .RSIH ZDU HV QRFK
VWDUN XQG ZHLFK JHORFNW XQG ZXFKV WLHI LQ GLH 6FKOlIHQ XQG LQ GLH
]DUWH 6WLUQ KLQHLQ (U KLHOW VHLQH /LGHU JHVHQNW GD‰ GLH ODQJHQ
EUDXQHQ :LPSHUQ DXI GLH EOlXOLFKH 8PVFKDWWXQJ VHLQHU $XJHQ
ILHOHQXQGVHLQHJHVFKORVVHQHQ/LSSHQZDUHQHLQZHQLJYHU]HUUW
(U ZX‰WH ZRKO ZDV JHVFKHKHQ ZUGH (U ZUGH ZHLQHQ PVVHQ
YRU:HLQHQGLHV*HGLFKWQLFKWEHHQGHQN|QQHQEHLGHPVLFKHLQHP
GDV+HU]]XVDPPHQ]RJZLHZHQQDP6RQQWDJLQGHU0DULHQNLUFKH
+HUU3IXKOGHU2UJDQLVWGLH2UJHODXIHLQHJHZLVVHGXUFKGULQJHQG
IHLHUOLFKH:HLVHVSLHOWH«ZHLQHQZLHHVLPPHUJHVFKDKZHQQPDQ
YRQLKP YHUODQJWHGD‰HUVLFKSURGX]LHUHLKQH[DPLQLHUWHLKQ DXI
VHLQH )lKLJNHLW XQG *HLVWHVJHJHQZDUW SUIWH ZLH 3DSD GDV OLHEWH
+lWWHQXU0DPDOLHEHUQLFKWVYRQ$XIUHJXQJJHVDJW(VVROOWHHLQH
(UPXWLJXQJVHLQDEHUVLHZDUYHUIHKOWGDVIKOWHHU'DVWDQGHQVLH
XQG VDKHQ LKQ DQ 6LH IUFKWHWHQ XQG HUZDUWHWHQ GD‰ HU ZHLQHQ
ZHUGH«ZDUHVGDP|JOLFKQLFKW]XZHLQHQ"(UKREGLH:LPSHUQ
XQGVXFKWHGLH$XJHQ,GD¶VGLHPLWLKUHU8KUNHWWHVSLHOWHXQGLKPLQ
LKUHUVlXHUOLFKELGHUEHQ$UWPLWGHP.RSIH]XQLFNWH(LQEHUJUR‰HV
%HGUIQLV EHILHO LKQ VLFK DQ VLH ]X VFKPLHJHQ VLFK YRQ LKU
IRUWEULQJHQ]XODVVHQXQGQLFKWV]XK|UHQDOVLKUHWLHIHEHUXKLJHQGH
6WLPPHGLHGDVDJWH6HLVWLOO+DQQRFKHQPHLQ-XQJFKHQEUDXFKVW
QLFKWV KHUVDJHQ« ª1XQ PHLQ 6RKQ OD‰ K|UHQ© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU
NXU](UKDWWHVLFKLQHLQHQ/HKQVHVVHODP7LVFKHQLHGHUJHODVVHQXQG
ZDUWHWH (U OlFKHOWH GXUFKDXV QLFKW  KHXWH VR ZHQLJ ZLH VRQVW EHL
lKQOLFKHQ*HOHJHQKHLWHQ(UQVWGLHHLQH%UDXHHPSRUJH]RJHQPD‰
HU GLH *HVWDOW GHV NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ PLW SUIHQGHP MD VRJDU NDOWHP
%OLFN


+DQQR ULFKWHWH VLFK DXI (U VWULFK PLW GHU +DQG EHU GDV
JODWWSROLHUWH+RO]GHV)OJHOVOLH‰HLQHQVFKHXHQ5XQGEOLFNEHUGLH
$QZHVHQGHQKLQJOHLWHQXQGHLQZHQLJHUPXWLJWGXUFKGLH0LOGHGLH
LKP DXV GHQ $XJHQ *UR‰PDPDV XQG 7DQWH 7RQ\¶V
HQWJHJHQOHXFKWHWH VDJWH HU PLW OHLVHU HLQ ZHQLJ KDUWHU 6WLPPH
¾ª6FKlIHUV6RQQWDJVOLHG½«9RQ8KODQG©
ª2K PHLQ /LHEHU GDV LVW QLFKWV© ULHI GHU 6HQDWRU ª0DQ KlQJW
GRUWQLFKWDP.ODYLHUXQGIDOWHWGLH+lQGHDXIGHP %DXFKH« )UHL
VWHKHQ )UHL VSUHFKHQ 'DV LVW GDV HUVWH +LHU VWHOOH GLFK PDO
]ZLVFKHQ GLH 3RUWLHUHQ 8QG QXQ GHQ .RSI KRFK« XQG GLH $UPH
UXKLJKlQJHQODVVHQ«©
+DQQRVWHOOWHVLFKDXIGLH6FKZHOOH]XP:RKQ]LPPHUXQGOLH‰GLH
$UPHKlQJHQ*HKRUVDPHUKREHUGHQ.RSIDEHUGLH:LPSHUQKLHOW
HU VR WLHI JHVHQNW GD‰ QLFKWV YRQ VHLQHQ $XJHQ ]X VHKHQ ZDU
:DKUVFKHLQOLFK VFKZDPPHQ VFKRQ 7UlQHQ GDULQ ª'DV LVW GHU 7DJ
GHV+HUUQ©VDJWHHUJDQ]OHLVHXQGGHVWRVWlUNHUNODQJGLH6WLPPH
VHLQHV 9DWHUV GLH LKQ XQWHUEUDFK ª(LQHQ 9RUWUDJ EHJLQQW PDQ PLW
HLQHU9HUEHXJXQJ PHLQ 6RKQ 8QG GDQQ YLHO ODXWHU 1RFK HLQPDO
ELWWH¾6FKlIHUV6RQQWDJVOLHG½«©
'DVZDUJUDXVDPXQGGHU6HQDWRUZX‰WHZRKOGD‰HUGHP.LQGH
GDPLW GHQ OHW]WHQ 5HVW YRQ +DOWXQJ XQG :LGHUVWDQGVNUDIW UDXEWH
$EHU GHU -XQJH VROOWH LKQ VLFK QLFKW UDXEHQ ODVVHQ (U VROOWH VLFK
QLFKW EHLUUHQ ODVVHQ (U VROOWH )HVWLJNHLW XQG 0lQQOLFKNHLW
JHZLQQHQ« ª¾6FKlIHUV 6RQQWDJVOLHG½«© ZLHGHUKROWH HU
XQHUELWWOLFKXQGDXIPXQWHUQG«
$EHUPLW+DQQRZDUHV]X(QGH6HLQ.RSIKLQJWLHIDXIGHU%UXVW
XQGVHLQHNOHLQH5HFKWHGLHEOD‰XQGPLWEOlXOLFKHQ3XOVDGHUQDXV
GHP XQWHQ JDQ] HQJHQ GXQNHOEODXHQ PLW HLQHP $QNHU EHVWLFNWHQ
0DWURVHQlUPHOKHUYRUVDK]HUUWHNUDPSIKDIWDQGHP%URNDWVWRIIGHU
3RUWLHUH ª,FK ELQ DOOHLQ DXI ZHLWHU )OXU© VDJWH HU QRFK XQG GDQQ
ZDUHVHQGJOWLJDXV'LH6WLPPXQJGHV9HUVHVJLQJPLWLKPGXUFK
(LQEHUJHZlOWLJHV0LWOHLGPLWVLFKVHOEVWPDFKWH GD‰ GLH 6WLPPH
LKPJDQ]XQGJDUYHUVDJWHXQGGD‰GLH7UlQHQXQZLGHUVWHKOLFKXQWHU
GHQ /LGHUQ KHUYRUTXROOHQ (LQH 6HKQVXFKW QDFK JHZLVVHQ 1lFKWHQ
EHUNDP LKQ SO|W]OLFK LQ GHQHQ HU HLQ ZHQLJ NUDQN PLW
+DOVVFKPHU]HQ XQG OHLFKWHP )LHEHU LP %HWWH ODJ XQG ,GD NDP XP
LKP ]X WULQNHQ ]X JHEHQ XQG OLHEHYROO HLQH IULVFKH .RPSUHVVH DXI


VHLQH6WLUQ]XOHJHQ«(UEHXJWHVLFKVHLWZlUWVOHJWHGHQ.RSIDXI
GLH+DQGPLWGHUHUVLFKDQGHU3RUWLHUHKLHOWXQGVFKOXFK]WHª1XQ
GDV LVW NHLQ 9HUJQJHQ© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU KDUW XQG JHUHL]W XQG
VWDQGDXIª:RUEHUZHLQVWGX":HLQHQN|QQWHPDQGDUEHUGD‰GX
VHOEVW DQ HLQHP 7DJH ZLH KHXWH QLFKW JHQXJ (QHUJLH DXIEULQJHQ
NDQQVW XP PLU HLQH )UHXGH ]X PDFKHQ %LVW GX GHQQ HLQ NOHLQHV
0lGFKHQ":DVVROODXVGLUZHUGHQZHQQGXVRIRUWIlKUVW"*HGHQNVW
GX GLFK VSlWHU LPPHU LQ 7UlQHQ ]X EDGHQ ZHQQ GX ]X GHQ /HXWHQ
VSUHFKHQVROOVW"«©
1LH GDFKWH +DQQR YHU]ZHLIHOW QLH ZHUGH LFK ]X GHQ /HXWHQ
VSUHFKHQªhEHUOHJHGLUGLH6DFKHELVKHXWHQDFKPLWWDJ©VFKOR‰GHU
6HQDWRUXQGZlKUHQG,GD-XQJPDQQEHLLKUHP3IOHJOLQJNQLHWHLKP
GLH $XJHQ WURFNQHWH XQG KDOE YRUZXUIVYROO KDOE ]lUWOLFK WU|VWHQG
DXILKQHLQVSUDFKJLQJHULQV(‰]LPPHUKLQEHU
:lKUHQG HU HLOLJ IUKVWFNWH YHUDEVFKLHGHWHQ VLFK GLH .RQVXOLQ
7RQ\.ORWKLOGHXQG&KULVWLDQYRQLKP6LHVROOWHQKHXWH]XVDPPHQ
PLW GHQ .U|JHUV GHQ :HLQVFKHQNV XQG GHQ 'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN
KLHUEHL*HUGD]X0LWWDJVSHLVHQLQGHVGHU6HQDWRUZRKORGHUEHO
EHLGHP'LQHULP5DWVNHOOHU]XJHJHQVHLQPX‰WHDEHUQLFKWVRODQJH
GRUW]XEOHLEHQJHGDFKWHDOVGD‰HUQLFKWKRIIWHGLH)DPLOLHDEHQGV
QRFKLQVHLQHP+DXVHYRU]XILQGHQ
(U WUDQN DQ GHP EHNUlQ]WHQ 7LVFKH GHQ KHL‰HQ 7HH DXV GHU
8QWHUWDVVHD‰KDVWLJHLQ(LXQGWDWDXIGHU7UHSSHHLQSDDU=JHDXV
GHU =LJDUHWWH *UREOHEHQ VHLQHQ ZROOHQHQ 6FKDO DXFK ]X GLHVHU
6RPPHUV]HLW XP GHQ +DOV HLQHQ 6WLHIHO EHU GHQ OLQNHQ 8QWHUDUP
JH]RJHQ GLH :LFKVEUVWH LQ GHU 5HFKWHQ XQG HLQHQ OlQJOLFKHQ
7URSIHQDQGHU1DVHNDPYRP*DUWHQIOXUDXIGLHYRUGHUH'LHOHXQG
WUDW VHLQHP +HUUQ DP )X‰H GHU +DXSWWUHSSH HQWJHJHQ ZR MHW]W GHU
DXIUHFKWH %UDXQElU PLW VHLQHU 9LVLWHQNDUWHQVFKDOH VHLQHQ 3ODW]
KDWWH«ª-H+HUU6HQDWHUKXQQHUW-DKU¶«XQGHHLQLVDUPXQGGH
DQQHULVULHN«©
ª6FK|Q *UREOHEHQ LV DOO JDXW© 8QG GHU 6HQDWRU OLH‰ HLQ
*HOGVWFNLQGLH+DQGPLWGHU:LFKVEUVWHJOHLWHQZRUDXIHUEHU
GLH 'LHOH XQG GXUFK GDV (PSIDQJVNRQWRU VFKULWW GDV LKU ]XQlFKVW
ODJ,P+DXSWNRQWRUNDPGHU.DVVLHUHUHLQODQJHU0DQQPLWWUHXHQ
$XJHQ LKP HQWJHJHQ XP LKP LQ VRUJIlOWLJHQ 5HGHZHQGXQJHQ GLH
*OFNZQVFKHGHVJHVDPWHQ3HUVRQDOV]XEHUPLWWHOQ'HU6HQDWRU


GDQNWH LQ ]ZHL :RUWHQ XQG JLQJ DQ VHLQHQ 3ODW] DP )HQVWHU $EHU
NDXP KDWWH HU EHJRQQHQ HLQHQ %OLFN LQ GLH EHUHLWOLHJHQGHQ
=HLWXQJHQ ]X WXQ XQG GLH 3RVW ]X |IIQHQ DOV DQ GLH 7U JHSRFKW
ZXUGHGLH]XPYRUGHUHQ)OXUIKUWHXQG*UDWXODQWHQHUVFKLHQHQ
(VZDUHLQH$ERUGQXQJGHU6SHLFKHUDUEHLWHUVFKDIWVHFKV0lQQHU
GLHEUHLWEHLQLJXQGVFKZHUZLH%lUHQKHUHLQNDPHQPLWXQJHKHXUHU
%LHGHUNHLW LKUH 0XQGZLQNHO QDFK XQWHQ ]RJHQ XQG LKUH 0W]HQ LQ
GHQ +lQGHQ GUHKWHQ ,KU :RUWIKUHU VSLH GHQ EUDXQHQ 6DIW VHLQHV
.DXWDEDNV LQ GLH 6WXEH ]RJ VHLQH +RVH HPSRU XQG UHGHWH PLW
ZLOGEHZHJWHU 6WLPPH YRQ ªKXQQHUW -DKUHQ© XQG ªQRFK YHHOHQ
KXQQHUW -DKUHQ©« 'HU 6HQDWRU VWHOOWH LKQHQ HLQH EHWUlFKWOLFKH
/RKQHUK|KXQJIUGLHVH:RFKHLQ$XVVLFKWXQGHQWOLH‰VLH
6WHXHUEHDPWH NDPHQ XP LP 1DPHQ GHV 5HVVRUWV LKUHQ &KHI ]X
EHJOFNZQVFKHQ $OV VLH JLQJHQ WUDIHQ VLH LQ GHU 7U PLW HLQHU
$Q]DKO 0DWURVHQ ]XVDPPHQ ZHOFKH XQWHU GHU )KUXQJ ]ZHLHU
6WHXHUPlQQHU YRQ GHQ EHLGHQ ]XU 5HHGHUHL JHK|ULJHQ 6FKLIIHQ
¾:XOOHQZHYHU½ XQG ¾)ULHGHULNH 2HYHUGLHFN½ JHVDQGW ZDUHQ GLH
DXJHQEOLFNOLFK LP +DIHQ ODJHQ 8QG HV NDP HLQH 'HSXWDWLRQ GHU
.RUQWUlJHU LQ VFKZDU]HQ %OXVHQ .QLHKRVHQ XQG =\OLQGHUQ
'D]ZLVFKHQPHOGHWHQVLFKHLQ]HOQH%UJHU6FKQHLGHUPHLVWHU 6WXKW
DXV GHU *ORFNHQJLH‰HUVWUD‰H HUVFKLHQ HLQHQ VFKZDU]HQ 5RFN EHU
GHP ZROOHQHQ +HPG 'LHVHU RGHU MHQHU 1DFKEDU %OXPHQKlQGOHU
,ZHUVHQ JUDWXOLHUWH (LQ DOWHU %ULHIWUlJHU PLW ZHL‰HP %DUW 5LQJHQ
LQGHQ2KUHQXQG7ULHIDXJHQHLQRULJLQHOOHU.DX]GHQGHU6HQDWRU
DQ JXWHQ 7DJHQ DXI GHU 6WUD‰H DQ]XUHGHQ XQG ª+HUU
2EHUSRVWPHLVWHU© ]X QHQQHQ SIOHJWH ULHI VFKRQ LQ GHU 7U ª(V LV
QLFKGDUXP+HUU6HQDWRULFNNRPPQLFKGDUXP,FNZHHWZXOOGH
/XG YHUWHLOHQ VLFN GDW DOO GDW KLHU KW MHGHU ZDU VFKHQNW NULHJW«
hZHU GDW LV QLFK GDUXP  © 'HQQRFK QDKP HU GDQNEDU VHLQ
*HOGVWFNHQWJHJHQ'DVIDQGNHLQ(QGH$OVHVKDOEHOI8KUZDU
PHOGHWH GDV )ROJPlGFKHQ GD‰ GLH 6HQDWRULQ LP 6DORQ GLH HUVWHQ
*lVWHHPSIDQJH
7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNYHUOLH‰GDV.RQWRUXQGHLOWHGLH+DXSWWUHSSH
KLQDQ 'UREHQ DP (LQJDQJ ]XP 6DORQ YHUZHLOWH HU HLQH KDOEH
0LQXWH YRUP 6SLHJHO RUGQHWH VHLQH .UDZDWWH XQG VRJ HLQHQ
$XJHQEOLFNGHQ(DXGH&RORJQH'XIWVHLQHV7DVFKHQWXFKHVHLQ (U
ZDUEOHLFKREJOHLFKVHLQ.|USHUVLFKLQ7UDQVSLUDWLRQEHIDQGVHLQH


+lQGH XQG )‰H DEHU ZDUHQ NDOW 'LH (PSIlQJH LP .RQWRU KDWWHQ
LKQEHLQDKHVFKRQDEJHQXW]W«(UDWPHWHDXIXQGWUDWHLQXPLQGHP
YRQ 6RQQHQOLFKW HUIOOWHQ *HPDFK GHQ .RQVXO +XQHXV
+RO]JUR‰KlQGOHU XQG IQIIDFKHU 0LOOLRQlU VHLQH *HPDKOLQ LKUH
7RFKWHU XQG GHUHQ *DWWHQ +HUUQ 6HQDWRU 'RNWRU *LHVHNH ]X
EHJU‰HQ 'LH +HUUVFKDIWHQ ZDUHQ ]XVDPPHQ YRQ 7UDYHPQGH
KHUHLQJHNRPPHQZRVHOEVWVLHZLHPHKUHUHGHUHUVWHQ)DPLOLHQGLH
QXU GHP %XGGHQEURRNVFKHQ *HVFKlIWVMXELOlXP ]X (KUHQ LKUH
%DGHNXUXQWHUEUDFKHQGHQ-XOLYHUEUDFKWHQ
0DQVD‰QLFKWGUHL0LQXWHQDXIGHQKHOOHQJHVFKZHLIWHQ)DXWHXLOV
EHLHLQDQGHU DOV .RQVXO 2HYHUGLHFN 6RKQ GHV YHUVWRUEHQHQ
%UJHUPHLVWHUV PLW VHLQHU *DWWLQ GHU JHERUHQHQ .LVWHQPDNHU
HLQWUDI XQG DOV .RQVXO +XQHXV VLFK YHUDEVFKLHGHWH EHJHJQHWH HU
VHLQHP %UXGHU GHU HLQH0LOOLRQ ZHQLJHU EHVD‰ DEHU GDIU 6HQDWRU
ZDU
1XQZDUGHU5HLJHQHU|IIQHW'LHJUR‰HZHL‰H7UPLWGHP5HOLHI
YRQPXVL]LHUHQGHQ$PRUHWWHQGDUEHUEOLHENDXPHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFN
JHVFKORVVHQ XQG JHZlKUWH EHVWlQGLJ GHQ $XVEOLFN DXI GDV YRP
HLQIDOOHQGHQ /LFKW GXUFKIOXWHWH 7UHSSHQKDXV VRZLH DXI GLH
+DXSWWUHSSHVHOEVWDXIGHUVLFKXQDXIK|UOLFKGLH*lVWHKHUDXIXQG
KLQXQWHUEHZHJWHQ 'D DEHU GHU 6DORQ JHUlXPLJ ZDU XQG GLH
*UXSSHQ GLH VLFK ELOGHWHQ YRQ *HVSUlFKHQ ]XVDPPHQJHKDOWHQ
ZXUGHQ VR ZDUHQ GLH .RPPHQGHQ ZHLW ]DKOUHLFKHU DOV GLH
*HKHQGHQ XQG EDOG EHVFKUlQNWH PDQ VLFK QLFKW PHKU DXI GDV
=LPPHU VRQGHUQ EHUKRE GDV 'LHQVWPlGFKHQ GHV gIIQHQ XQG
6FKOLH‰HUQ GHU 7U OLH‰ VLH RIIHQ XQG VWDQG DXFK DXI GHP
SDUNHWWLHUWHQ .RUULGRU EHLVDPPHQ 6FKZLUUHQGHV XQG GU|KQHQGHV
*HVSUlFK YRQ 'DPHQ XQG 0lQQHUVWLPPHQ +lQGHVFKWWHOQ
9HUEHXJXQJHQ 6FKHU]ZRUWH XQG ODXWHV EHKDJOLFKHV /DFKHQ GDV
VLFK ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ 6lXOHQ GHV 7UHSSHQKDXVHV HPSRUVFKZLQJW XQG
YRQ GHU 'HFNH GHU JUR‰HQ *ODVVFKHLEH GHV ¾(LQIDOOHQGHQ /LFKWHV½
ZLGHUKDOOW 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN QLPPW EDOG ]X +lXSWHQ GHU
7UHSSH EDOG GULQQHQ DQGHU 6FKZHOOH GHV (UNHUVHUQVW XQG IRUPHOO
JHPXUPHOWH RGHU NRUGLDO KHUYRUJHVWR‰HQH *OFNZQVFKH HQWJHJHQ
%UJHUPHLVWHU'RNWRU/DQJKDOVHLQYRUQHKPXQWHUVHW]WHU+HUUGHU
VHLQ UDVLHUWHV .LQQ LQ GHU ZHL‰HQ %LQGH ELUJW PLW NXU]HQ JUDXHQ
.RWHOHWWHQ XQG PGHP 'LSORPDWHQEOLFN ZLUG PLW DOOJHPHLQHU


(KUHUELHWXQJ HPSIDQJHQ 'HU :HLQKlQGOHU .RQVXO (GXDUG
.LVWHQPDNHUQHEVWVHLQHU*DWWLQGHUJHERUHQHQ0|OOHQGRUSIVRZLH
VHLQ%UXGHUXQG7HLOKDEHU6WHSKDQ6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRNVWUHXHVWHU
$QKlQJHU XQG )UHXQG PLW VHLQHU )UDX HLQHU DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK
JHVXQGHQ *XWVEHVLW]HUVWRFKWHU VLQG HLQJHWURIIHQ 'LH YHUZLWZHWH
6HQDWRULQ0|OOHQGRUSIWKURQWLP6DORQLQPLWWHQGHV6RIDVZlKUHQG
LKUH.LQGHU+HUU.RQVXO$XJXVW0|OOHQGRUSIPLWVHLQHU*HPDKOLQ
-XOFKHQ JHERUHQH +DJHQVWU|P VRHEHQ DQODQJHQ LKUH *UDWXODWLRQ
HUOHGLJHQ XQG VLFK JU‰HQG GXUFK GLH 9HUVDPPOXQJ EHZHJHQ
.RQVXO +HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P KDW IU VHLQHQ VFKZHUHQ .|USHU HLQH
6WW]H DP 7UHSSHQJHOlQGHU JHIXQGHQ XQG SODXGHUW ZlKUHQG VHLQH
SODWW DXI GHU 2EHUOLSSH OLHJHQGH 1DVH HLQ ZHQLJ PKVDP LQ GHQ
U|WOLFKHQ %DUW KLQHLQDWPHW PLW +HUUQ 6HQDWRU 'RNWRU &UHPHU GHP
3ROL]HLFKHI GHVVHQ EUDXQJUDX PHOLHUWHU %DFNHQEDUW VHLQ PLW HLQHU
JHZLVVHQ PLOGHQ 6FKODXKHLW OlFKHOQGHV *HVLFKW XPUDKPW
6WDDWVDQZDOW 'RNWRU0RULW] +DJHQVWU|P GHVVHQVFK|QH *DWWLQ GLH
JHERUHQH 3XWWIDUNHQ DXV +DPEXUJ HEHQIDOOV DQZHVHQG LVW ]HLJW
LUJHQGZR OlFKHOQG VHLQH VSLW]LJHQ OFNHQKDIWHQ =lKQH (LQHQ
$XJHQEOLFN VLHKW PDQ ZLH GHU DOWH 'RNWRU *UDERZ 6HQDWRU
%XGGHQEURRNV 5HFKWH ]ZLVFKHQ VHLQHQ EHLGHQ +lQGHQ KlOW XP
JOHLFK GDUDXI YRP %DXPHLVWHU 9RLJW YHUGUlQJW ]X ZHUGHQ 3DVWRU
3ULQJVKHLP LQ EUJHUOLFKHU .OHLGXQJ XQG QXU GXUFK GLH /lQJH
VHLQHV*HKURFNHVVHLQH:UGHDQGHXWHQGNRPPWPLWDXVJHEUHLWHWHQ
$UPHQXQGJlQ]OLFKYHUNOlUWHP$QJHVLFKWGLH7UHSSHKHUDXI$XFK
)ULHGULFK :LOKHOP 0DUFXV LVW ]XJHJHQ 'LHMHQLJHQ +HUUHQ GLH
LUJHQGHLQH .|USHUVFKDIW GHQ 6HQDW GLH %UJHUVFKDIW GLH
+DQGHOVNDPPHU UHSUlVHQWLHUHQ VLQG LP )UDFN HUVFKLHQHQ ± +DOE
]Z|OI8KU'LH+LW]HLVWVHKUVWDUNJHZRUGHQ'LH'DPHGHV+DXVHV
KDWVLFKYRUHLQHU9LHUWHOVWXQGH]XUFNJH]RJHQ«
3O|W]OLFK ZLUG GUXQWHQ DP :LQGIDQJ HLQ VWDPSIHQGHV XQG
VFKOUIHQGHV *HUlXVFK ODXW ZLH ZHQQ YLHOH /HXWH DXI HLQPDO GLH
'LHOHEHWUlWHQXQGJOHLFK]HLWLJNOLQJWHLQHOlUPHQGHXQGVFKDOOHQGH
6WLPPH DXI GLH GDV JDQ]H +DXV HUIOOW« $OOHV GUlQJW ]XP
*HOlQGHU PDQ VWDXW VLFK DXI GHP JDQ]HQ .RUULGRU YRU GHQ 7UHQ
]XP 6DORQ ]XP (‰]LPPHU XQG 5DXFK]LPPHU XQG OXJW KLQXQWHU
'RUW XQWHQ RUGQHW VLFK HLQH 6FKDU YRQ IQI]HKQ RGHU ]ZDQ]LJ
0lQQHUQPLW0XVLNLQVWUXPHQWHQNRPPDQGLHUWYRQHLQHP+HUUQPLW


EUDXQHU3HUFNHJUDXHP6FKLIIHUEDUWXQGHLQHPNQVWOLFKHQ*HEL‰
YRQ EUHLWHQ JHOEHQ =lKQHQ GDV HU ODXW UHGHQG ]HLJW« :DV
JHVFKLHKW" .RQVXO 3HWHU '|KOPDQQ KlOW PLW GHU .DSHOOH YRP
6WDGWWKHDWHUVHLQHQ (LQ]XJ 6FKRQ VWHLJW HUVHOEVW LP 7ULXPSKH GLH
7UHSSHKHUDXIHLQ3DNHWPLW3URJUDPPHQLQGHU+DQGVFKZLQJHQG
8QGQXQEHJLQQWLQGLHVHUXQP|JOLFKHQXQGPD‰ORVHQ$NXVWLNLQ
GHU GLH7|QH ]XVDPPHQIOLH‰HQGLH $NNRUGH HLQDQGHU YHUVFKOLQJHQ
XQGVLQQORVPDFKHQXQGLQGHUGDVEHUODXWNQDUUHQGH*UXQ]HQGHU
JUR‰HQ%D‰WURPSHWHLQZHOFKHHLQGLFNHU0DQQPLWYHU]ZHLIHOWHP
*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN VW|‰W DOOHV EULJH GRPLQLHUW GDV 6WlQGFKHQ GDV
PDQ GHP +DXVH %XGGHQEURRN ]X VHLQHP -XELOlXP EULQJW  HV
EHJLQQW PLW GHP &KRUDOH ¾1XQ GDQNHW DOOH *RWW½ GHP DOVEDOG HLQH
3DUDSKUDVHEHU2IIHQEDFKV¾6FK|QH+HOHQD½IROJWZRUDXI]XQlFKVW
HLQ3RWSRXUULYRQ9RONVOLHGHUQHUNOLQJHQZLUG«(VLVWHLQ]LHPOLFK
XPIDQJUHLFKHV3URJUDPP
(LQ KEVFKHU (LQIDOO YRQ '|KOPDQQ 0DQ EHJOFNZQVFKW GHQ
.RQVXO XQG QLHPDQG LVW QXQ JHQHLJW DXI]XEUHFKHQ EHYRU GDV
.RQ]HUW ]X (QGH 0DQ VWHKW XQG VLW]W LP 6DORQ XQG DXI GHP
.RUULGRUK|UW]XXQGSODXGHUW«
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN KLHOW VLFK ]XVDPPHQ PLW 6WHSKDQ
.LVWHQPDNHU 6HQDWRU 'RNWRU *LHVHNH XQG %DXPHLVWHU 9RLJW
MHQVHLWVGHU+DXSWWUHSSHDXIEHLGHUlX‰HUHQ7U]XP5DXFK]LPPHU
XQGXQZHLWGHV$XIJDQJHV]XU]ZHLWHQ(WDJH(UVWDQGDQGLH:DQG
JHOHKQW ZDUI KLHU XQG GD HLQ :RUW LQ GDV *HVSUlFK VHLQHU *UXSSH
XQG EOLFNWH LP EULJHQ VFKZHLJVDP EHU GDV *HOlQGHU KLQZHJ LQV
/HHUH'LH+LW]HKDWWHQRFK]XJHQRPPHQVLHZDUQRFKGUFNHQGHU
JHZRUGHQDEHU5HJHQZDUQXQQLFKWPHKUDXVJHVFKORVVHQGHQQGHQ
6FKDWWHQ QDFK ]X XUWHLOHQ GLH EHU GDV ¾(LQIDOOHQGH /LFKW½
KLQZHJ]RJHQZDUHQ:RONHQDP+LPPHO-DGLHVH6FKDWWHQZDUHQ
VR KlXILJ XQG IROJWHQ HLQDQGHU VR VFKQHOO GD‰ GLH EHVWlQGLJ
ZHFKVHOQGH ]XFNHQGH %HOHXFKWXQJ GHV 7UHSSHQKDXVHV VFKOLH‰OLFK
GLH $XJHQ VFKPHU]HQ PDFKWH-HGHQ $XJHQEOLFN HUORVFKGHU *ODQ]
GHV YHUJROGHWHQ 6WXFNV GHV 0HVVLQJNURQOHXFKWHUV XQG GHU
%OHFKLQVWUXPHQWH GRUW XQWHQ XP JOHLFK GDUDXI ZLHGHU
DXI]XEOLW]HQ«1XUHLQPDO YHUZHLOWH GHU 6FKDWWHQ HLQ ZHQLJ OlQJHU
DOV JHZ|KQOLFK XQG XQWHUGHVVHQ K|UWH PDQ PLW OHLFKW SUDVVHOQGHP
*HUlXVFKXQGLQOlQJHUHQ3DXVHQIQIVHFKVRGHUVLHEHQPDOHWZDV


+DUWHVDXIGLH6FKHLEHGHV¾(LQIDOOHQGHQ/LFKWHV½QLHGHUSUDOOHQHLQ
SDDU +DJHON|UQHU RKQH =ZHLIHO 'DQQ HUIOOWH ZLHGHU 6RQQHQOLFKW
GDV+DXVYRQREHQELVXQWHQ
(VJLEWHLQHQ=XVWDQGGHU'HSUHVVLRQLQGHPDOOHVZDVXQVXQWHU
QRUPDOHQ 8PVWlQGHQ lUJHUW XQG HLQH JHVXQGH 5HDNWLRQ XQVHUHV
8QZLOOHQV KHUYRUUXIW XQV PLW HLQHP PDWWHQ GXPSIHQ XQG
VFKZHLJVDPHQ *UDPH QLHGHUGUFNW« 6R JUlPWH 7KRPDV VLFK EHU
GDV %HQHKPHQ GHV NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ VR JUlPWH HU VLFK EHU GLH
(PSILQGXQJHQ GLH GLHVH JDQ]H )HLHUOLFKNHLW LQ LKP EHZLUNWH XQG
QRFKPHKUEHUGLHMHQLJHQGHUHQHUVLFKEHLPEHVWHQ:LOOHQXQIlKLJ
IKOWH0HKUHUH0DOHYHUVXFKWHHUVLFKDXI]XUDIIHQVHLQHQ%OLFN]X
HUKHOOHQ XQG VLFK ]X VDJHQ GD‰ GLHV HLQ VFK|QHU 7DJ VHL GHU LKQ
QRWZHQGLJ PLW JHKREHQHU XQG IUHXGLJHU 6WLPPXQJ HUIOOHQ PVVH
$EHU REJOHLFK GHU /lUP GHU ,QVWUXPHQWH GDV 6WLPPHQJHZLUU XQG
GHU $QEOLFN GHU YLHOHQ 0HQVFKHQ VHLQH 1HUYHQ HUVFKWWHUWHQ XQG
]XVDPPHQ PLW GHU (ULQQHUXQJ DQ GLH 9HUJDQJHQKHLW DQ VHLQHQ
9DWHURIWPDOVHLQHVFKZDFKH5KUXQJLQLKPDXIVWHLJHQOLH‰HQVR
EHUZRJGRFKGHU(LQGUXFNGHV/lFKHUOLFKHQXQG3HLQOLFKHQGDVIU
LKQ GHP *DQ]HQ DQKDIWHWH GLHVHU PLQGHUZHUWLJHQ DNXVWLVFK
YHU]HUUWHQ 0XVLN GLHVHU EDQDOHQ YRQ .XUVHQ XQG 'LQHUV
VFKZDW]HQGHQ 9HUVDPPOXQJ« XQG GLHVHV *HPLVFK YRQ 5KUXQJ
XQG:LGHUZLOOHQJHUDGHYHUVHW]WHLKQLQHLQHPDWWH9HU]ZHLIOXQJ«
8P ]Z|OIHLQYLHUWHO 8KU DOV GDV 3URJUDPP GHV 6WDGWWKHDWHU
2UFKHVWHUV DQILQJ VHLQHP (QGH HQWJHJHQ]XJHKHQ WUDW HLQ
=ZLVFKHQIDOO HLQ GHU GLH KHUUVFKHQGH )HVWOLFKNHLW LQ NHLQHU :HLVH
EHUKUWHRGHUXQWHUEUDFKGHUDEHUVHLQHPJHVFKlIWOLFKHQ&KDUDNWHU
]XIROJH GHQ +DXVKHUUQ Q|WLJWH VHLQH *lVWH IU NXU]H 0LQXWHQ ]X
YHUODVVHQ'LH+DXSWWUHSSHKHUDXIQlPOLFKNDPDOVGLH0XVLNHEHQ
SDXVLHUWH LQ Y|OOLJHU 9HUZLUUXQJ RE GHU YLHOHQ +HUUVFKDIWHQ GHU
MQJVWH /HKUOLQJ GHV .RQWRUV HLQ NOHLQHU VWDUN YHUZDFKVHQHU
0HQVFKGHUVHLQHQVFKDPURWHQ.RSIQRFKWLHIHUDOVQ|WLJ]ZLVFKHQ
GHQ 6FKXOWHUQ WUXJ GHQ HLQHQ VHLQHU XQQDWUOLFK ODQJHQ GQQHQ
$UPH LQ EHUWULHEHQHU :HLVH KLQ XQG KHU VFKOHQNHUWH XP VLFK GDV
$QVHKHQ]XYHUVLFKWOLFKHU/lVVLJNHLW]XJHEHQXQGPLWGHPDQGHUHQ
HLQ JHIDOWHWHV 3DSLHU YRU VLFK KHU WUXJ HLQ 7HOHJUDPP ,P
+HUDXIVWHLJHQ VXFKWH HU PLW VFKHX XPKHUVSULQJHQGHQ %OLFNHQ QDFK
VHLQHP&KHIXQGDOVHULKQGRUWGUEHQHQWGHFNWKDWWHZDQGHUVLFK


PLW KDVWLJ JHPXUPHOWHQ (QWVFKXOGLJXQJHQ GXUFK GLH 0HQJH GHU
*lVWHGLHLKPGHQ:HJYHUVSHUUWH
6HLQH 9HUVFKlPWKHLW ZDU JDQ] EHUIOVVLJ GHQQ QLHPDQG DFKWHWH
VHLQHU 2KQH LKQ DQ]XVHKHQ XQG LQGHP PDQ IRUWIXKU ]X SODXGHUQ
PDFKWH PDQ LKP PLW HLQHU NOHLQHQ %HZHJXQJ 3ODW] XQG EHPHUNWH
NDXPPLWHLQHPIOFKWLJHQ%OLFNGD‰HUGHP6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRN
GDV 7HOHJUDPP PLW HLQHP %FNOLQJ EHUUHLFKWH XQG GD‰ GLHVHU
KLHUDXI YRQ .LVWHQPDNHU *LHVHNH XQG 9RLJW ZHJ PLW LKP EHLVHLWH
WUDW XP ]X OHVHQ $XFK KHXWH GD GRFK GLH ZHLWDXV PHLVWHQ
'UDKWQDFKULFKWHQ LQ EOR‰HQ *OFNZQVFKHQ EHVWDQGHQ PX‰WH
ZlKUHQG GHU *HVFKlIWV]HLW MHGH 'HSHVFKH VRIRUW XQG XQWHU DOOHQ
8PVWlQGHQEHUEUDFKWZHUGHQ
%HLP$XIJDQJ]XU]ZHLWHQ(WDJHELOGHWHGHU.RUULGRUHLQ.QLHXP
VLFK QXQ LQ GHU 5LFKWXQJ GHU 6DDO/lQJH ELV ]XU *HVLQGHWUHSSH
KLQ]X]LHKHQEHLGHUVLFKHLQ1HEHQHLQJDQJ]XP6DDOHEHIDQG'HU
7UHSSH ]XP ]ZHLWHQ 6WRFNZHUN JHJHQEHU ZDU GLH gIIQXQJ ]XP
6FKDFKW GHU :LQGH PLW GHU GLH 6SHLVHQ DXV GHU .FKH
KHUDXIEHI|UGHUWZXUGHQXQG GDEHLVWDQG DQ GHU :DQG HLQ JU|‰HUHU
7LVFK DQ ZHOFKHP GDV )ROJPlGFKHQ 6LOEHU]HXJ ]X SXW]HQ SIOHJWH
+LHUEOLHEGHU6HQDWRUVWHKHQLQGHPHUGHPEXFNOLJHQ/HKUOLQJGHQ
5FNHQ]XZDQGWHXQGHUEUDFKGLH'HSHVFKH
3O|W]OLFK HUZHLWHUWHQ VLFK VHLQH $XJHQ VR VHKU GD‰ MHGHU GHU HV
JHVHKHQ KlWWH HQWVHW]W ]XUFNJHIDKUHQ ZlUH XQG PLW HLQHP
HLQ]LJHQ NXU]HQ NUDPSIKDIWHQ 5XFN ]RJ HU GLH /XIW VR KHIWLJ HLQ
GD‰VLHLP1XVHLQH.HKOHDXVWURFNQHWHXQGLKQKXVWHQPDFKWH
(U YHUPRFKWH ]X VDJHQ ª(V LVW JXW© $EHU GDV 6WLPPHQJHUlXVFK
KLQWHULKP PDFKWHLKQ XQYHUVWlQGOLFK ª(V LVW JXW© ZLHGHUKROWH HU
DEHU QXU GLH EHLGHQ HUVWHQ :|UWHU KDWWHQ 7RQ GDV OHW]WH ZDU HLQ
)OVWHUQ
'D GHU 6HQDWRU VLFK QLFKW EHZHJWH VLFK QLFKW XPZDQGWH QLFKW
HLQPDO DQGHXWXQJVZHLVH HLQH %HZHJXQJ UFNZlUWV PDFKWH VR
ZLHJWH GHU EXFNOLJH /HKUOLQJ VLFK QRFK HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN XQVLFKHU
XQG ]|JHUQG YRQ HLQHP )X‰ DXI GHQ DQGHUQ 'DQQ YROOIKUWH HU
DEHUPDOVVHLQHQEL]DUUHQ%FNOLQJXQGEHJDEVLFKGLH*HVLQGHWUHSSH
KLQXQWHU


6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRNEOLHEDQGHP7LVFKHVWHKHQ6HLQH+lQGHLQ
GHQHQHUGLHHQWIDOWHWH'HSHVFKHKLHOWKLQJHQVFKODIIYRULKPQLHGHU
XQGZlKUHQGHUQRFKLPPHUPLWKDOERIIHQHP0XQGHNXU]PKVDP
XQG VFKQHOO DWPHWH ZREHL VHLQ 2EHUN|USHU VLFK DUEHLWHQG YRU XQG
UFNZlUWV EHZHJWH VFKWWHOWH HU YHUVWlQGQLVORV XQG ZLH YRP
6FKODJHJHUKUWXQDXIK|UOLFKVHLQHQ.RSIKLQXQGKHUª'DVEL‰FKHQ
+DJHOGDVEL‰FKHQ+DJHO©ZLHGHUKROWHHUVLQQORV
'DQQDEHUZDUGVHLQ$WHPWLHIHUXQGUXKLJHUGLH%HZHJXQJVHLQHV
.|USHUV ODQJVDPHU VHLQH KDOEJHVFKORVVHQHQ $XJHQ YHUVFKOHLHUWHQ
VLFK PLW HLQHP PGHQ XQG IDVW JHEURFKHQHQ $XVGUXFN XQG PLW
VFKZHUHP.RSIQLFNHQZDQGWHHUVLFK]XU6HLWH
(U |IIQHWH GLH 7U ]XP 6DDOH XQG WUDW HLQ /DQJVDP JHVHQNWHQ
+DXSWHV VFKULWW HU EHU GLH VSLHJHOQGH )X‰ERGHQIOlFKH GHV ZHLWHQ
5DXPHV XQG OLH‰ VLFK JDQ] KLQWHQ DP )HQVWHU DXI HLQHP GHU
GXQNHOURWHQ (FNVRIDV QLHGHU (V ZDU VWLOO XQG NKO KLHU 0DQ
YHUQDKPGDV3OlWVFKHUQGHV6SULQJEUXQQHQV LP *DUWHQ HLQH )OLHJH
VWLH‰ VXPPHQG JHJHQ GLH )HQVWHUVFKHLEH XQG QXU HLQ JHGlPSIWHV
*HUlXVFKGUDQJYRP9RUSODW]H]XLKP
(U OHJWHHUPDWWHW GHQ.RSI DXI GDV 3ROVWHU XQG VFKOR‰ GLH $XJHQ
ª(V LVW JXW VR HV LVW JXW VR© PXUPHOWH HU KDOEODXW XQG GDQQ
DXVDWPHQG EHIULHGLJW EHIUHLW ZLHGHUKROWH HU QRFK HLQPDO ª(V LVW
JDQ]JXWVR©
0LW JHO|VWHQ *OLHGHUQ XQG IULHGYROOHP *HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN UXKWH HU
IQI0LQXWHQODQJ'DQQULFKWHWHHUVLFKDXIIDOWHWHGDV7HOHJUDPP
]XVDPPHQVFKREHVLQGLH%UXVWWDVFKHVHLQHV5RFNHVXQGVWDQGDXI
XP]XVHLQHQ*lVWHQ]XJHKHQ
$EHU LQ GHPVHOEHQ $XJHQEOLFN VDQN HU PLW HLQHP bFK]HQ GHV
(NHOV DXI GDV 3ROVWHU ]XUFN 'LH 0XVLN GLH 0XVLN VHW]WH ZLHGHU
HLQPLWHLQHPDOEHUQHQ/lUPGHUHLQHQ*DORSSEHGHXWHQVROOWHXQG
LQZHOFKHP3DXNHXQG%HFNHQHLQHQ5K\WKPXVPDUNLHUWHQGHQGLH
EULJHQ YRUHLOLJ XQG YHUVSlWHW LQHLQDQGHU KDOOHQGHQ 6FKDOOPDVVHQ
QLFKW LQQHKLHOWHQ HLQHP DXIGULQJOLFKHQ XQG LQ VHLQHU QDLYHQ
8QEHIDQJHQKHLW XQHUWUlJOLFK DXIUHL]HQGHQ 7RKXZDERKX YRQ
.QDUUHQ 6FKPHWWHUQ XQG 4XLQTXLKHUHQ ]HUULVVHQ YRQ GHQ
DEHUZLW]LJHQ3ILIIHQGHU3LNNRORIO|WH


6HFKVWHV.DSLWHO

ª2 %DFK 6HEDVWLDQ %DFK YHUHKUWHVWH )UDX© ULHI +HUU (GPXQG


3IXKO 2UJDQLVW YRQ 6DQNW 0DULHQ GHU LQ JUR‰HU %HZHJXQJ GHQ
6DORQGXUFKVFKULWWZlKUHQG*HUGDOlFKHOQG GHQ .RSI LQ GLH +DQG
JHVWXW]WDP)OJHOVD‰XQG+DQQRODXVFKHQGLQHLQHP6HVVHOHLQV
VHLQHU.QLHPLWEHLGHQ+lQGHQXPVSDQQWH
ª*HZL‰ZLH6LHVDJHQHULVWHVGXUFKGHQGDV+DUPRQLVFKHEHU
GDV .RQWUDSXQNWLVFKH GHQ 6LHJ GDYRQJHWUDJHQ KDW  HU KDW GLH
PRGHUQH+DUPRQLNHU]HXJWJHZL‰"$EHUZRGXUFK"0X‰LFK,KQHQ
VDJHQ ZRGXUFK" 'XUFK GLH YRUZlUWVVFKUHLWHQGH (QWZLFNOXQJ GHV
NRQWUDSXQNWLVFKHQ6WLOHV6LHZLVVHQHVVRJXWZLHLFK:DVDOVRLVW
GDVWUHLEHQGH3ULQ]LSGLHVHU(QWZLFNOXQJJHZHVHQ"'LH+DUPRQLN"
2 QHLQ .HLQHVZHJV 6RQGHUQ GLH .RQWUDSXQNWLN YHUHKUWHVWH )UDX
'LH.RQWUDSXQNWLN:R]X IUDJH LFK 6LHKDWWHQ ZRKO GLHDEVROXWHQ
([SHULPHQWH GHU +DUPRQLN JHIKUW" ,FK ZDUQH VR ODQJH PHLQH
=XQJH PLU JHKRUFKW ZDUQH LFK YRU GHQ EOR‰HQ ([SHULPHQWHQ GHU
+DUPRQLN©
6HLQ(LIHUZDUJUR‰EHLVROFKHQ*HVSUlFKHQXQGHUOLH‰LKPIUHLHQ
/DXIGHQQHUIKOWHVLFK]X+DXVHLQGLHVHP6DORQ-HGHQ0LWWZRFK
DP1DFKPLWWDJHHUVFKLHQVHLQHJUR‰HYLHUVFKU|WLJHXQG HLQ ZHQLJ
KRFKVFKXOWHQJH *HVWDOW LQ HLQHP NDIIHHEUDXQHQ /HLEURFN GHVVHQ
6FK|‰H GLH .QLHNHKOHQ EHGHFNWHQ DXI GHU 6FKZHOOH XQG LQ
(UZDUWXQJVHLQHU3DUWQHULQ|IIQHWHHUOLHEHYROOGHQ%HFKVWHLQ)OJHO
RUGQHWH GLH 9LROLQVWLPPHQ DXI GHP JHVFKQLW]WHQ 6WHKSXOW XQG
SUlOXGLHUWH GDQQ HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN OHLFKW XQG NXQVWYROO LQGHP HU
VHLQHQ .RSI ZRKOJHIlOOLJ YRQ HLQHU 6FKXOWHU DXI GLH DQGHUH VLQNHQ
OLH‰
(LQHUVWDXQOLFKHU+DDUZXFKVHLQHYHUZLUUHQGH0HQJHYRQNOHLQHQ
IHVWHQ IXFKVEUDXQ XQG JUDX PHOLHUWHQ /|FNFKHQ OLH‰ GLHVHQ .RSI
XQJHZ|KQOLFKGLFNXQGVFKZHUHUVFKHLQHQREJOHLFKHUIUHLDXIGHP
ODQJHQ PLW HLQHP VHKU JUR‰HQ .HKONRSINQRWHQ YHUVHKHQHQ +DOVH
WKURQWH GHU DXV GHP .ODSSNUDJHQ KHUYRUUDJWH 'HU XQIULVLHUWH
JHEDXVFKWH6FKQXUUEDUWYRQGHU)DUEHGHV+DXSWKDDUHVWUDW ZHLWHU
DXV GHP *HVLFKWH KHUYRU DOV GLH NOHLQH JHGUXQJHQH 1DVH 8QWHU
VHLQHQ UXQGHQ $XJHQ GLH EUDXQ XQG EODQN ZDUHQ XQG GHUHQ %OLFN


EHLP 0XVL]LHUHQ GLH 'LQJH WUlXPHULVFK ]X GXUFKVFKDXHQ XQG
MHQVHLWVLKUHU(UVFKHLQXQJ]XUXKHQVFKLHQZDUGLH+DXWHLQZHQLJ
EHXWHODUWLJ JHVFKZROOHQ 'LHV *HVLFKW ZDU QLFKW EHGHXWHQG HV WUXJ
]XP PLQGHVWHQ QLFKW GHQ 6WHPSHO HLQHU VWDUNHQ XQG ZDFKHQ
,QWHOOLJHQ]6HLQH/LGHUZDUHQPHLVWKDOEJHVHQNWXQGRIWKLQJVHLQ
UDVLHUWHV .LQQ RKQH GD‰ VLFK GRFK GLH 8QWHUOLSSH YRQ GHU REHUHQ
WUHQQWH VFKODII XQG ZLOOHQORV DEZlUWV ZDV GHP 0XQGH HLQHQ
ZHLFKHQLQQLJYHUVFKORVVHQHQVWXSLGHQXQGKLQJHEHQGHQ$XVGUXFN
YHUOLHKZLHLKQGHUMHQLJHHLQHV6FKOXPPHUQGHQ]HLJW
hEULJHQVNRQWUDVWLHUWHPLWGLHVHU:HLFKKHLWVHLQHVlX‰HUHQ:HVHQV
JDQ] VHOWVDP GLH 6WUHQJH XQG :XUGH VHLQHV &KDUDNWHUV (GPXQG
3IXKOZDUHLQZHLWKLQKRFKJHVFKlW]WHU2UJDQLVWXQGGHU5XIVHLQHU
NRQWUDSXQNWLVFKHQ *HOHKUVDPNHLW KDWWH VLFK QLFKW LQQHUKDOE GHU
0DXHUQ VHLQHU 9DWHUVWDGW JHKDOWHQ 'DV NOHLQH %XFK EHU GLH
.LUFKHQWRQDUWHQ GDV HU KDWWH GUXFNHQ ODVVHQ ZXUGH DQ ]ZHL RGHU
GUHL.RQVHUYDWRULHQ]XP3ULYDWVWXGLXPHPSIRKOHQXQGVHLQH)XJHQ
XQG &KRUDOEHJOHLWXQJHQ ZXUGHQ KLH XQG GD JHVSLHOW ZR ]X *RWWHV
(KUH HLQH 2UJHO HUNODQJ 'LHVH .RPSRVLWLRQHQ VRZLH DXFK GLH
3KDQWDVLHQ GLH HU VRQQWDJV LQ GHU 0DULHQNLUFKH ]XP EHVWHQ JDE
ZDUHQ XQDQJUHLIEDU PDNHOORV HUIOOW YRQ GHU XQHUELWWOLFKHQ
LPSRVDQWHQ PRUDOLVFKORJLVFKHQ :UGH GHV VWUHQJHQ 6DW]HV ,KU
:HVHQ ZDU IUHPG DOOHU LUGLVFKHQ 6FK|QKHLW XQG ZDV VLH
DXVGUFNWHQEHUKUWHNHLQHV/DLHQUHLQPHQVFKOLFKHV(PSILQGHQ(V
VSUDFK DXV LKQHQ HV WULXPSKLHUWH VLHJKDIW LQ LKQHQ GLH ]XU
DVNHWLVFKHQ5HOLJLRQJHZRUGHQH7HFKQLNGDV]XP6HOEVW]ZHFN]XU
DEVROXWHQ+HLOLJNHLWHUKREHQH.|QQHQ(GPXQG3IXKOGDFKWHJHULQJ
YRQ DOOHU :RKOJHIlOOLJNHLW XQGVSUDFK RKQH /LHEH YRQ GHU VFK|QHQ
0HORGLHGDVLVWZDKU$EHUVRUlWVHOKDIWHVVHLQPDJGHQQRFKZDU
HU NHLQ WURFNHQHU 0HQVFK XQG NHLQ YHUNQ|FKHUWHU *HVHOO
ª3DOHVWULQD© VDJWH HU PLW HLQHU NDWHJRULVFKHQ XQG
IXUFKWHLQIO|‰HQGHQ 0LHQH $EHU JOHLFK GDUDXI ZlKUHQG HU DP
,QVWUXPHQWH HLQH 5HLKH YRQ DUFKDLVWLVFKHQ .XQVWVWFNHQ HUW|QHQ
OLH‰ ZDU VHLQ *HVLFKW HLWHO :HLFKKHLW (QWUFNWKHLW XQG
6FKZlUPHUHL XQG DOV VlKH HU GLH OHW]WH 1RWZHQGLJNHLW DOOHV
*HVFKHKHQV XQPLWWHOEDU DQ GHU $UEHLW UXKWH VHLQ %OLFN LQ HLQHU
KHLOLJHQ)HUQH«GLHVHU0XVLNDQWHQEOLFNGHUYDJXQGOHHUHUVFKHLQW
ZHLOHULQGHP5HLFKHHLQHUWLHIHUHQUHLQHUHQVFKODFNHQORVHUHQXQG


XQEHGLQJWHUHQ /RJLN ZHLOW DOV GHP XQVHUHU VSUDFKOLFKHQ %HJULIIH
XQG*HGDQNHQ
6HLQH +lQGH ZDUHQ JUR‰ ZHLFK VFKHLQEDU NQRFKHQORV XQG PLW
6RPPHUVSURVVHQEHGHFNW±XQGZHLFKXQGKRKOJOHLFKVDPDOVVWlNH
HLQ %LVVHQ LQ VHLQHU 6SHLVHU|KUH ZDU GLH 6WLPPH PLW ZHOFKHU HU
*HUGD %XGGHQEURRN EHJU‰WH ZHQQ VLH GLH 3RUWLHUHQ ]XUFNVFKOXJ
XQGYRP:RKQ]LPPHUDXVHLQWUDWª,KU'LHQHUJQlGLJH)UDX©
:lKUHQG HU VLFK HLQ ZHQLJ YRQ GHP 6HVVHO HUKRE XQG PLW
JHVHQNWHP .RSIH HKUHUELHWLJ GLH +DQG HQWJHJHQQDKP GLH VLH LKP
UHLFKWH OLH‰ HU PLW GHU /LQNHQ VFKRQ IHVW XQG NODU GLH 4XLQWHQ
HUNOLQJHQ ZRUDXI *HUGD GLH 6WUDGLYDUL HUJULII XQG UDVFK PLW
VLFKHUHP*HK|UGLH6DLWHQVWLPPWHª'DVJ0ROO.RQ]HUWYRQ%DFK
+HUU 3IXKO 0LFK GQNW GDV JDQ]H $GDJLR JLQJ QRFK ]LHPOLFK
PDQJHOKDIW«©
8QGGHU2UJDQLVWLQWRQLHUWH.DXPDEHUZDUHQGLHHUVWHQ$NNRUGH
HLQDQGHU JHIROJW VR SIOHJWH HV ]X JHVFKHKHQ GD‰ ODQJVDP JDQ]
YRUVLFKWLJ GLH 7U ]XP .RUULGRU JH|IIQHW ZDUG XQG PLW ODXWORVHU
%HKXWVDPNHLW GHU NOHLQH -RKDQQ EHU GHQ 7HSSLFK ]X HLQHP
/HKQVHVVHOVFKOLFK'RUWOLH‰HUVLFKQLHGHUXPID‰WHVHLQH.QLHPLW
EHLGHQ +lQGHQ YHUKLHOW VLFK VWLOO XQG ODXVFKWH DXI GLH .OlQJH
VRZRKO ZLH DXI GDV ZDV JHVSURFKHQ ZXUGH ª1XQ +DQQR HLQ
EL‰FKHQ0XVLNQDVFKHQ"©IUDJWH*HUGDLQHLQHU3DXVHXQGOLH‰LKUH
QDKHEHLHLQDQGHUOLHJHQGHQXPVFKDWWHWHQ$XJHQLQGHQHQGDV6SLHO
HLQHQIHXFKWHQ*ODQ]HQW]QGHWKDWWH]XLKPKLQEHUJOHLWHQ«
'DQQ VWDQG HU DXI XQG UHLFKWH PLW HLQHU VWXPPHQ 9HUEHXJXQJ
+HUUQ 3IXKO GLH +DQG GHU VDFKW XQG OLHEHYROO EHU +DQQR¶V
KHOOEUDXQHV+DDUVWULFKGDVVLFKVRZHLFKXQGJUD]L|VXP6WLUQXQG
6FKOlIHQVFKPLHJWH
ª+RUFKHGXQXUPHLQ6RKQ©VDJWHHUPLWPLOGHP1DFKGUXFNXQG
GDV.LQG EHWUDFKWHWH HLQ ZHQLJ VFKHX GHV 2UJDQLVWHQ JUR‰HQ EHLP
6SUHFKHQ LQ GLH +|KH ZDQGHUQGHQ .HKONRSIDSIHO ZRUDXI HV VLFK
OHLVH XQG VFKQHOO DQ VHLQHQ 3ODW] ]XUFNEHJDE DOV N|QQH HV GLH
)RUWVHW]XQJGHV6SLHOHVXQGGHU*HVSUlFKHNDXPHUZDUWHQ
(LQ6DW]+D\GQHLQLJH6HLWHQ0R]DUWHLQH6RQDWHYRQ%HHWKRYHQ
ZXUGHQ GXUFKJHIKUW 'DQQ MHGRFK ZlKUHQG *HUGD GLH *HLJH
XQWHUP$UPQHXH1RWHQKHUEHLVXFKWHJHVFKDKGDVhEHUUDVFKHQGH


GD‰ +HUU 3IXKO (GPXQG 3IXKO 2UJDQLVW DQ 6DQNW 0DULHQ PLW
VHLQHPIUHLHQ=ZLVFKHQVSLHODOOJHPDFKLQHLQHQVHKUVHOWVDPHQ6WLO
KLQEHUJOLWW ZREHL LQ VHLQHP IHUQHQ %OLFN HLQH $UW YHUVFKlPWHQ
*OFNHV HUJOlQ]WH« 8QWHU VHLQHQ )LQJHUQ KXE HLQ 6FKZHOOHQ XQG
%OKHQ HLQ :HEHQ XQG 6LQJHQ DQ DXV ZHOFKHP VLFK OHLVH ]XHUVW
XQG ZLHGHU YHUZHKHQG GDQQ LPPHU NODUHU XQG PDUNLJHU LQ
NXQVWYROOHU .RQWUDSXQNWLN HLQ DOWYDWHULVFK JUDQGLRVHV ZXQGHUOLFK
SRPSKDIWHV 0DUVFKPRWLY KHUYRUKRE« (LQH 6WHLJHUXQJ HLQH
9HUVFKOLQJXQJ HLQ hEHUJDQJ« XQG PLW GHU $XIO|VXQJ VHW]WH LP
IRUWLVVLPRGLH9LROLQHHLQ'DV0HLVWHUVLQJHU9RUVSLHO]RJYRUEHU
*HUGD %XGGHQEURRN ZDU HLQH OHLGHQVFKDIWOLFKH 9HUHKUHULQ GHU
QHXHQ0XVLN :DVDEHU +HUUQ 3IXKO EHWUDI VR ZDU VLH EHL LKP DXI
HLQHQVRZLOGHPS|UWHQ:LGHUVWDQGJHVWR‰HQGD‰VLHDQIDQJVGDUDQ
JH]ZHLIHOWKDWWHLKQIUVLFK]XJHZLQQHQ
$P7DJHGDVLHLKP]XPHUVWHQ0DOH.ODYLHUDXV]JHDXV¾7ULVWDQ
XQG,VROGH½DXIV3XOWJHOHJWXQGLKQJHEHWHQKDWWHLKUYRU]XVSLHOHQ
ZDU HU QDFK IQIXQG]ZDQ]LJ 7DNWHQ DXIJHVSUXQJHQ XQG PLW DOOHQ
$Q]HLFKHQ GHV lX‰HUVWHQ (NHOV ]ZLVFKHQ (UNHU XQG )OJHO KLQ XQG
ZLGHU JHHLOW ª,FK VSLHOH GLHV QLFKW JQlGLJH )UDX LFK ELQ ,KU
HUJHEHQVWHU'LHQHUDEHULFKVSLHOHGLHVQLFKW'DVLVWNHLQH0XVLN«
JODXEHQ6LHPLUGRFK«LFKKDEHPLULPPHUHLQJHELOGHWHLQZHQLJ
YRQ 0XVLN ]X YHUVWHKHQ 'LHV LVW GDV &KDRV 'LHV LVW 'HPDJRJLH
%ODVSKHPLHXQG:DKQZLW]'LHVLVWHLQSDUIPLHUWHU4XDOPLQGHP
HV EOLW]W 'LHV LVW GDV (QGH DOOHU 0RUDO LQ GHU .XQVW ,FK VSLHOH HV
QLFKW© 8QG PLW GLHVHQ:RUWHQ KDWWHHUVLFK ZLHGHUDXI GHQ 6HVVHO
JHZRUIHQ XQG ZlKUHQG VHLQ .HKONRSI DXI XQG QLHGHU ZDQGHUWH
XQWHU6FKOXFNHQXQGKRKOHP+XVWHQZHLWHUHIQIXQG]ZDQ]LJ7DNWH
KHUYRUJHEUDFKW XP GDQQ GDV .ODYLHU ]X VFKOLH‰HQ XQG ]X UXIHQ
ª3IXL 1HLQ +HUU GX PHLQ *RWW GLHV JHKW ]X ZHLW 9HU]HLKHQ 6LH
PLU YHUHKUWHVWH )UDX LFK UHGH RIIHQ« 6LH KRQRULHUHQ PLFK 6LH
EH]DKOHQPLFKVHLW-DKUXQG7DJIUPHLQH'LHQVWH«XQGLFKELQHLQ
0DQQLQEHVFKHLGHQHU/HEHQVODJH$EHULFKOHJHPHLQ$PWQLHGHU
LFK YHU]LFKWH GDUDXI ZHQQ 6LH PLFK ]X GLHVHQ 5XFKORVLJNHLWHQ
]ZLQJHQ«8QGGDV.LQGGRUWVLW]WGDV.LQGDXIVHLQHP6WXKOH(V
LVW OHLVH KHUHLQJHNRPPHQ XP 0XVLN ]X K|UHQ :ROOHQ 6LH VHLQHQ
*HLVWGHQQJDQ]XQGJDUYHUJLIWHQ"«©


$EHU VR IUFKWHUOLFK HU VLFK JHElUGHWH  ODQJVDP XQG 6FKULWW IU
6FKULWWGXUFK*HZ|KQXQJXQG=XUHGHQ]RJVLHLKQ]XVLFKKHUEHU
ª3IXKO© VDJWH VLH ªVHLHQ 6LH ELOOLJ XQG QHKPHQ 6LH GLH 6DFKH PLW
5XKH 6HLQH XQJHZRKQWH $UW LP *HEUDXFK GHU +DUPRQLHQ YHUZLUUW
6LH 6LH ILQGHQ LP 9HUJOHLFK GDPLW %HHWKRYHQ UHLQ NODU XQG
QDWUOLFK$EHUEHGHQNHQ6LHZLH%HHWKRYHQVHLQHQDFKDOWHU:HLVH
JHELOGHWHQ =HLWJHQRVVHQ DXV GHU )DVVXQJ JHEUDFKW KDW XQG %DFK
VHOEVWPHLQ*RWWPDQZDUILKP0DQJHODQ:RKONODQJXQG.ODUKHLW
YRU6LHVSUHFKHQYRQ0RUDODEHUZDVYHUVWHKHQ6LHXQWHU0RUDOLQ
GHU .XQVW" :HQQ LFK QLFKW LUUH LVW VLH GHU *HJHQVDW] ]X DOOHP
+HGRQLVPXV" 1XQ JXW GHQ KDEHQ 6LH KLHU 6R JXW ZLH EHL %DFK
*UR‰DUWLJHU EHZX‰WHU YHUWLHIWHU DOV EHL %DFK *ODXEHQ 6LH PLU
3IXKOGLHVH0XVLNLVW,KUHPLQQHUVWHQ:HVHQZHQLJHUIUHPGDOV6LH
DQQHKPHQ©
ª*DXNHOHL XQG 6RSKLVPHQ  XP 9HUJHEXQJ© PXUUWH +HUU 3IXKO
$EHU VLH EHKLHOW UHFKW GLHVH 0XVLN ZDU LKP LP *UXQGH ZHQLJHU
IUHPGDOVHUDQIDQJVJODXEWH=ZDUPLWGHP¾7ULVWDQ½V|KQWHHUVLFK
QLHPDOV YROOVWlQGLJ DXV REJOHLFK HU *HUGD¶V %LWWH GHQ ¾/LHEHVWRG½
IU 9LROLQH XQG 3LDQRIRUWH ]X VHW]HQ VFKOLH‰OLFK PLW YLHOHP
*HVFKLFNHUIOOWH*HZLVVH3DUWLHQGHU¾0HLVWHUVLQJHU½ZDUHQHVIU
GLH HU ]XHUVW HLQ RGHU GDV DQGHUH :RUW GHU $QHUNHQQXQJ IDQG XQG
QXQ EHJDQQ XQZLGHUVWHKOLFK HUVWDUNHQG GLH /LHEH ]X GLHVHU .XQVW
VLFKLQLKP ]X UHJHQ (U JHVWDQGVLH QLFKWHUHUVFKUDN IDVW GDUEHU
XQGYHUOHXJQHWHVLHPLW0XUUHQ$EHUVHLQH3DUWQHULQ EUDXFKWHQXQ
QLFKWPHKULQLKQ]XGULQJHQGDPLWHU KDWWHQ GLHDOWHQ 0HLVWHULKU
5HFKWHUKDOWHQVHLQH*ULIIHNRPSOL]LHUHXQGPLWMHQHP$XVGUXFNH
HLQHV YHUVFKlPWHQ XQG IDVW lUJHUOLFKHQ *OFNHV LP %OLFN LQ GDV
/HEHQ XQG :HEHQ GHU /HLWPRWLYH KLQEHUIKUH 1DFK GHP 6SLHOH
DEHU HQWVSDQQ VLFK YLHOOHLFKW HLQH $XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJ EHU GLH
%H]LHKXQJHQ GLHVHV .XQVWVWLOHV ]X GHP GHV VWUHQJHQ 6DW]HV XQG
HLQHV 7DJHV HUNOlUWH +HUU 3IXKO HU VlKH VLFK REJOHLFK GDV 7KHPD
LKQSHUV|QOLFKMDQLFKWEHUKUHQXQGRFKYHUSIOLFKWHWVHLQHP%XFKH
EHUGHQ.LUFKHQVWLOHLQHQ$QKDQJ¾hEHUGLH$QZHQGXQJGHUDOWHQ
7RQDUWHQ LQ 5LFKDUG :DJQHUV .LUFKHQ XQG 9RONVPXVLN½
KLQ]X]XIJHQ
+DQQRVD‰JDQ]VWLOOGLHNOHLQHQ+lQGHXPVHLQ.QLHJHIDOWHWXQG
ZLH HU ]X WXQ SIOHJWH GLH =XQJH DQ HLQHP %DFNHQ]DKQ VFKHXHUQG


ZRGXUFK VHLQ 0XQG HLQ ZHQLJ YHU]RJHQ ZXUGH 0LW JUR‰HQ
XQYHUZDQGWHQ$XJHQEHREDFKWHWHHUVHLQH0XWWHUXQG+HUUQ3IXKO
(UODXVFKWHDXILKU6SLHOXQGDXILKUH*HVSUlFKHXQGVRJHVFKDKHV
GD‰QDFKGHQHUVWHQ6FKULWWHQGLHHUDXIVHLQHP/HEHQVZHJHJHWDQ
HU GHU 0XVLN DOV HLQHU DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK HUQVWHQ ZLFKWLJHQ XQG
WLHIVLQQLJHQ6DFKHJHZDKUZXUGH.DXPKLHXQGGDYHUVWDQGHUHLQ
:RUWYRQGHPZDVJHVSURFKHQZXUGHXQGZDVHUNODQJJLQJPHLVW
ZHLW EHU VHLQ NLQGOLFKHV 9HUVWlQGQLV KLQDXV :HQQ HU GHQQRFK
LPPHU ZLHGHUNDP XQG RKQH VLFK ]X ODQJZHLOHQ 6WXQGH IU 6WXQGH
UHJORV DQ VHLQHP 3ODW]H DXVKDUUWH VR ZDUHQ HV *ODXEH /LHEH XQG
(KUIXUFKWGLHLKQGD]XYHUPRFKWHQ
(UZDUHUVWVLHEHQ-DKUHDOWDOVHUPLW9HUVXFKHQEHJDQQJHZLVVH
.ODQJYHUELQGXQJHQGLH(LQGUXFNDXILKQJHPDFKWDXIHLJHQH+DQG
DP )OJHO ]X ZLHGHUKROHQ 6HLQH 0XWWHU VDK LKP OlFKHOQG ]X
YHUEHVVHUWH VHLQH PLW VWXPPHP (LIHU ]XVDPPHQJHVXFKWHQ *ULIIH
XQGXQWHUZLHVLKQGDQQZDUXPJHUDGHGLHVHU7RQQLFKWIHKOHQGUIH
GDPLW VLFK DXV GLHVHP $NNRUG GHU DQGHUH HUJlEH 8QG VHLQ *HK|U
EHVWlWLJWHLKPZDVVLHLKPVDJWH
1DFKGHP *HUGD %XGGHQEURRN LKQ HLQ ZHQLJ KDWWH JHZlKUHQ
ODVVHQEHVFKOR‰VLHGD‰HU.ODYLHUXQWHUULFKWEHNRPPHQVROOWHª,FK
JODXEH HU LQNOLQLHUW QLFKW ]XP 6ROLVWHQWXP© VDJWH VLH ]X +HUUQ
3IXKO ªXQG LFK ELQ HLJHQWOLFK IURK GDUEHU GHQQ HV KDW VHLQH
6FKDWWHQVHLWHQ ,FK UHGH QLFKW EHU GLH $EKlQJLJNHLW GHV 6ROLVWHQ
YRQGHU%HJOHLWXQJREJOHLFKVLHXQWHU8PVWlQGHQVHKUHPSILQGOLFK
ZHUGHQNDQQXQGZHQQLFK6LHQLFKWKlWWH$EHUGDQQEHVWHKWLPPHU
GLH*HIDKUGD‰PDQLQPHKURGHUPLQGHUYROOHQGHWHV9LUWXRVHQWXP
JHUlW 6HKHQ 6LH LFK ZHL‰ HLQ /LHG GDYRQ ]X VLQJHQ ,FK EHNHQQH
,KQHQRIIHQLFKELQGHU$QVLFKWGD‰IUGHQ6ROLVWHQHLJHQWOLFKGLH
0XVLN HUVW PLW HLQHP VHKU KRKHQ *UDGH YRQ .|QQHQ EHJLQQW 'LH
DQJHVWUHQJWH .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ DXI GLH 2EHUVWLPPH LKUH 3KUDVLHUXQJ
XQG7RQELOGXQJZREHLGLH3RO\SKRQLHQXUDOVHWZDVVHKU9DJHVXQG
$OOJHPHLQHV ]XP %HZX‰WVHLQ NRPPW NDQQ EHL PLWWHOPl‰LJ
%HJDEWHQJDQ]OHLFKWHLQH9HUNPPHUXQJGHVKDUPRQLVFKHQ6LQQHV
XQG GHV *HGlFKWQLVVHV IU +DUPRQLHQ ]XU )ROJH KDEHQ GLH VSlWHU
VFKZHU ]X NRUULJLHUHQ LVW ,FK KHEH PHLQH *HLJH XQG KDEH HV
]LHPOLFKZHLWPLWLKUJHEUDFKWDEHUHLJHQWOLFKVWHKWGDV.ODYLHUPLU
K|KHU,FKVDJHQXUGLHV'LH9HUWUDXWKHLW PLW GHP .ODYLHUDOV PLW


HLQHP 0LWWHO GLH YLHOIlOWLJVWHQ XQG UHLFKVWHQ 7RQJHELOGH ]X
UHVPLHUHQ HLQHP XQEHUWUHIIOLFKHQ 0LWWHO ]XU PXVLNDOLVFKHQ
5HSURGXNWLRQ EHGHXWHW IU PLFK HLQ LQWLPHUHV NODUHUHV XQG
XPIDVVHQGHUHV9HUKlOWQLV ]XU 0XVLN +|UHQ 6LH 3IXKO LFK P|FKWH
6LHJOHLFKVHOEVWIULKQLQ$QVSUXFKQHKPHQVHLHQ6LHVRJXW,FK
ZHL‰ZRKOHVJLEWKLHULQGHU6WDGWQRFK]ZHLRGHUGUHL/HXWH LFK
JODXEHZHLEOLFKHQ*HVFKOHFKWVGLH8QWHUULFKWJHEHQDEHUGDVVLQG
HEHQ .ODYLHUOHKUHULQQHQ 6LH YHUVWHKHQ PLFK (V NRPPW VR ZHQLJ
GDUDXIDQDXIHLQ,QVWUXPHQWGUHVVLHUW]XZHUGHQVRQGHUQYLHOPHKU
GDUDXI HLQ ZHQLJ YRQ 0XVLN ]X YHUVWHKHQ QLFKW ZDKU" $XI 6LH
YHUODVVH LFK PLFK 6LH QHKPHQ GLH 6DFKH HUQVWHU 8QG 6LH VROOHQ
VHKHQ 6LH ZHUGHQ JDQ] JXWHQ (UIROJ PLW LKP KDEHQ (U KDW GLH
%XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ +lQGH 'LH %XGGHQEURRNV N|QQHQ DOOH 1RQHQ
XQG'H]LPHQJUHLIHQ±$EHUVLHKDEHQQRFKQLHPDOV*HZLFKWGDUDXI
JHOHJW©VFKOR‰VLHODFKHQGXQG+HUU3IXKOHUNOlUWHVLFKEHUHLWGHQ
8QWHUULFKW]XEHUQHKPHQ
9RQQXQDQNDPHUDXFKDP0RQWDJQDFKPLWWDJXPVLFKZlKUHQG
*HUGD LP :RKQ]LPPHU VD‰ PLW GHP NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ ]X
EHVFKlIWLJHQ (U JLQJ LQQLFKW JHZ|KQOLFKHU $UW GDEHL YRU GHQQ HU
IKOWHGD‰HUGHPVWXPPHQXQGOHLGHQVFKDIWOLFKHQ(LIHUGHV.LQGHV
PHKU VFKXOGLJ ZDU DOV HV HLQ EL‰FKHQ DXI GHP .ODYLHU VSLHOHQ ]X
OHKUHQ .DXP ZDU GDV HUVWH XQG (OHPHQWDUVWH EHUZXQGHQ DOV HU
VFKRQ DQILQJ LQ OHLFKW ID‰OLFKHU )RUP ]X WKHRUHWLVLHUHQ XQG VHLQHQ
6FKOHU GLH *UXQGODJHQ GHU +DUPRQLHOHKUH VHKHQ ]X ODVVHQ 8QG
+DQQRYHUVWDQGGHQQPDQEHVWlWLJWHLKPQXUZDVHUHLJHQWOLFKYRQ
MHKHUVFKRQJHZX‰WKDWWH
6RZHLWZLHQXULPPHUP|JOLFKWUXJ+HUU3IXKOGHPVHKQVFKWLJHQ
9RUZlUWVGUlQJHQGHV.LQGHV5HFKQXQJ0LWOLHEHYROOHU6RUJIDOWZDU
HU GDUDXI EHGDFKW GLH %OHLJHZLFKWH ]X HUOHLFKWHUQ PLW GHQHQ GLH
0DWHULH GLH )‰H GHU 3KDQWDVLH XQG GHV HLIHUQGHQ 7DOHQWHV
EHVFKZHUW(UYHUODQJWHQLFKWDOO]XVWUHQJHLQHJUR‰H)LQJHUIHUWLJNHLW
EHLP hEHQ GHU7RQOHLWHUQ RGHU VLH ZDU LKP GRFK QLFKW GHU =ZHFN
GLHVHU hEXQJHQ :DV HU EH]ZHFNWH XQG VFKQHOO HUUHLFKWH ZDU
YLHOPHKU HLQH NODUH XPIDVVHQGH XQG HLQGULQJOLFKH hEHUVLFKW EHU
DOOH7RQDUWHQHLQHLQQHUHXQG EHUEOLFNHQGH9HUWUDXWKHLW PLW LKUHQ
9HUZDQGWVFKDIWHQ XQG 9HUELQGXQJHQ DXV ZHOFKHU QDFK JDU QLFKW
ODQJHU =HLW VLFK MHQHU UDVFKH %OLFN IU YLHOH


.RPELQDWLRQVP|JOLFKNHLWHQ MHQHV LQWXLWLYH +HUUVFKDIWVJHIKO EHU
GLH.ODYLDWXUHUJDEGDV]XU3KDQWDVLHXQG,PSURYLVDWLRQYHUIXKUW«
0LW HLQHU UKUHQGHQ )HLQIKOLJNHLW ZUGLJWH HU GLH JHLVWLJHQ
%HGUIQLVVHGLHVHVNOHLQHQYRP+|UHQYHUZ|KQWHQ6FKOHUVGLHDXI
HLQHQ HUQVWHQ 6WLO JHULFKWHW ZDUHQ (U HUQFKWHUWH GLH 7LHIH XQG
)HLHUOLFKNHLW VHLQHU 6WLPPXQJ QLFKW PLW GHP hEHQ EDQDOHU
/LHGFKHQ (U OLH‰LKQ &KRUlOH VSLHOHQ XQG OLH‰ NHLQHQ $NNRUG VLFK
DXV GHP DQGHUHQ HUJHEHQ RKQH DXI GLH *HVHW]Pl‰LJNHLW GLHVHV
(UJHEQLVVHVKLQ]XZHLVHQ
%HLLKUHU6WLFNHUHLRGHULKUHP %XFKH YHUIROJWH *HUGDMHQVHLWV GHU
3RUWLHUHQ GHQ *DQJ GHV 8QWHUULFKWHV ª6LH EHUWUHIIHQ DOOH PHLQH
(UZDUWXQJHQ© VDJWH VLH JHOHJHQWOLFK ]X +HUUQ 3IXKO ª$EHU JHKHQ
6LH QLFKW ]X ZHLW" *HKHQ 6LH QLFKW ]X DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK YRU" ,KUH
0HWKRGH LVW ZLH PLU VFKHLQW HPLQHQW VFK|SIHULVFK« 0DQFKPDO
IlQJWHUZDKUKDIWLJVFKRQPLW9HUVXFKHQDQ]XSKDQWDVLHUHQ$EHU
ZHQQ HU ,KUH 0HWKRGH QLFKW YHUGLHQW ZHQQ HU QLFKW EHJDEW JHQXJ
GDIULVWVROHUQWHUJDUQLFKWV«©
ª(U YHUGLHQW VLH© VDJWH +HUU 3IXKO XQG QLFNWH ª0DQFKPDO
EHWUDFKWH LFK VHLQH $XJHQ« HV OLHJW VR YLHOHV GDULQ DEHU VHLQHQ
0XQG KlOW HU YHUVFKORVVHQ 6SlWHU HLQPDO LP /HEHQ GDV YLHOOHLFKW
VHLQHQ 0XQG LPPHU IHVWHU YHUVFKOLH‰HQ ZLUG PX‰ HU HLQH
0|JOLFKNHLWKDEHQ]XUHGHQ«©
6LH VDK LKQ DQ GLHVHQ YLHUVFKU|WLJHQ 0XVLNDQWHQ PLW VHLQHU
)XFKVSHUFNHVHLQHQ%HXWHOQXQWHUGHQ$XJHQVHLQHPJHEDXVFKWHQ
6FKQXUUEDUWXQGVHLQHPJUR‰HQ.HKONRSIXQGGDQQUHLFKWHVLHLKP
GLH+DQGXQGVDJWHª+DEHQ6LH'DQN3IXKO6LHPHLQHQHVJXWXQG
ZLUN|QQHQQRFKJDUQLFKWZLVVHQZLHYLHO6LHDQLKPWXQ©
8QG +DQQR¶V 'DQNEDUNHLW IU GLHVHQ /HKUHU VHLQH +LQJDEH DQ
VHLQH )KUHUVFKDIW ZDU RKQHJOHLFKHQ (U GHU WURW] DOOHU
1DFKKLOIHVWXQGHQ LQ GHU 6FKXOH GXPSI XQG RKQH +RIIQXQJ DXI
9HUVWlQGQLV EHU VHLQHU 5HFKHQWDIHO EUWHWH HU EHJULII DP )OJHO
DOOHVZDV+HUU3IXKOLKPVDJWHHUEHJULIIHVXQGHLJQHWHHVVLFKDQ
ZLH PDQ QXU GDV VLFK DQHLJQHQ NDQQ ZDV HLQHP VFKRQ YRQ MHKHU
JHK|UW KDW (GPXQG 3IXKO DEHU LQ VHLQHP EUDXQHQ 6FKR‰URFN
HUVFKLHQLKPZLHHLQJUR‰HU(QJHOGHULKQMHGHQ0RQWDJQDFKPLWWDJ
LQ GLH $UPH QDKP XP LKQ DXV DOOHU DOOWlJOLFKHQ 0LVHUH LQ GDV


NOLQJHQGH 5HLFK HLQHV PLOGHQ V‰HQ XQG WURVWUHLFKHQ (UQVWHV ]X
HQWIXKUHQ«
0DQFKPDOIDQGGHU8QWHUULFKWLQ+HUUQ3IXKOV+DXVHVWDWWHLQHP
JHUlXPLJHQ DOWHQ *LHEHOKDXVH PLW YLHOHQ NKOHQ *lQJHQ XQG
:LQNHOQGDVGHU2UJDQLVWJDQ]DOOHLQPLWHLQHUDOWHQ:LUWVFKDIWHULQ
EHZRKQWH 0DQFKPDO DXFK DP 6RQQWDJ GXUIWH GHU NOHLQH
%XGGHQEURRN GHP *RWWHVGLHQVW LQ GHU 0DULHQNLUFKH GUREHQ DQ GHU
2UJHO EHLZRKQHQ XQG GDV ZDU HWZDV DQGHUHV DOV XQWHQ PLW GHQ
DQGHUHQ/HXWHQLP6FKLII]XVLW]HQ+RFKEHUGHU*HPHLQGHKRFK
QRFK EHU 3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLP DXI VHLQHU .DQ]HO VD‰HQ GLH EHLGHQ
LQPLWWHQ GHV %UDXVHQV GHU JHZDOWLJHQ .ODQJPDVVHQ GLH VLH
JHPHLQVDP HQWIHVVHOWHQ XQG EHKHUUVFKWHQ GHQQ PLW JOFNVHOLJHP
(LIHU XQG 6WRO] GXUIWH +DQQR VHLQHP /HKUHU PDQFKPDO EHLP
+DQGKDEHQ GHU 5HJLVWHU EHKLOIOLFK VHLQ :HQQ DEHU GDV 1DFKVSLHO
]XP&KRUJHVDQJ]X(QGHZDUZHQQ+HUU3IXKOODQJVDPDOOH)LQJHU
YRQ GHQ 7DVWHQ JHO|VW KDWWH XQG QXU GHQ *UXQG XQG %D‰WRQ QRFK
OHLVH XQG IHLHUOLFK KDWWH YHUKDOOHQ ODVVHQ  ZHQQ GDQQ QDFK HLQHU
VWLPPXQJVYROOHQ .XQVWSDXVH XQWHU GHP 6FKDOOGHFNHO GHU .DQ]HO
3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLPV PRGXOLHUHQGH 6WLPPH KHUYRU]XGULQJHQ EHJDQQ
VRJHVFKDKHVJDUQLFKWVHOWHQGD‰+HUU3IXKOJDQ]HLQIDFKVLFKEHU
GLH 3UHGLJW ]X PRNLHUHQ EHU 3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLPV VWLOLVLHUWHV
)UlQNLVFK VHLQHODQJHQ GXQNOHQ RGHU VFKDUI DN]HQWXLHUWHQ 9RNDOH
VHLQH 6HXI]HU XQG GHQ MlKHQ :HFKVHO ]ZLVFKHQ )LQVWHUQLV XQG
9HUNOlUXQJ DXI VHLQHP $QJHVLFKW ]X ODFKHQ DQILQJ 'DQQ ODFKWH
DXFK+DQQROHLVHXQGWLHIEHOXVWLJWGHQQRKQHVLFKDQ]XVHKHQXQG
RKQHHVVLFK]XVDJHQZDUHQGLHEHLGHQGRUWREHQGHU$QVLFKWGD‰
GLHVH 3UHGLJW HLQ ]LHPOLFK DOEHUQHV *HVFKZlW] XQG GHU HLJHQWOLFKH
*RWWHVGLHQVW YLHOPHKU GDV VHL ZDV GHU 3DVWRU XQG VHLQH *HPHLQGH
ZRKO QXU IU HLQH %HLJDEH ]XU (UK|KXQJ GHU $QGDFKW KLHOWHQ
QlPOLFKGLH0XVLN
-D GDV JHULQJH 9HUVWlQGQLV GDV HU XQWHQ LP 6FKLII XQWHU GLHVHQ
6HQDWRUHQ .RQVXOQ XQG %UJHUQ XQG LKUHQ )DPLOLHQ IU VHLQH
/HLVWXQJHQ YRUKDQGHQ ZX‰WH ZDU +HUUQ 3IXKOV EHVWlQGLJH
.PPHUQLVXQGHEHQGDUXPKDWWHHUJHUQVHLQHQNOHLQHQ6FKOHUEHL
VLFKGHQHUZHQLJVWHQVOHLVHGDUDXIDXIPHUNVDPPDFKHQNRQQWHGD‰
GDV ZDV HU VRHEHQ JHVSLHOW HWZDV DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK 6FKZLHULJHV
JHZHVHQ VHL (U HUJLQJ VLFK LQ GHQ VRQGHUEDUVWHQ WHFKQLVFKHQ


8QWHUQHKPXQJHQ (U KDWWH HLQH UFNJlQJLJH ,PLWDWLR½ DQJHIHUWLJW
HLQH 0HORGLH NRPSRQLHUW ZHOFKH YRUZlUWV XQG UFNZlUWV JHOHVHQ
JOHLFKZDUXQGKLHUDXIHLQHJDQ]H¾NUHEVJlQJLJ½]XVSLHOHQGH)XJH
JHJUQGHW $OV HU IHUWLJ ZDU OHJWH HU PLW WUEHP *HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN
GLH +lQGH LQ GHQ 6FKR‰ ª(V PHUNW HV QLHPDQG© VDJWH HU PLW
KRIIQXQJVORVHP .RSIVFKWWHOQ 8QG GDQQ IOVWHUWH HU ZlKUHQG
3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLP SUHGLJWH ª'DV ZDU HLQH NUHEVJlQJLJH ,PLWDWLRQ
-RKDQQ 'X ZHL‰W QRFK QLFKW ZDV GDV LVW HV LVW GLH 1DFKDKPXQJ
HLQHV7KHPDVYRQKLQWHQQDFKYRUQYRQGHUOHW]WHQ1RWH]XUHUVWHQ
HWZDV ]LHPOLFK 6FKZLHULJHV 6SlWHU ZLUVW GX HUIDKUHQ ZDV GLH
1DFKDKPXQJLPVWUHQJHQ6DW]HEHGHXWHW0LWGHP.UHEVJDQJZHUGH
LFKGLFKQLHPDOVTXlOHQGLFKQLFKWGD]X]ZLQJHQ0DQEUDXFKWLKQ
QLFKW ]X N|QQHQ $EHU JODXEH QLH GHQHQ GLH GHUJOHLFKHQ DOV
6SLHOHUHL RKQH PXVLNDOLVFKHQ :HUW EH]HLFKQHQ 'X ILQGHVW GHQ
.UHEVJDQJEHLGHQJUR‰HQ.RPSRQLVWHQDOOHU=HLWHQ1XUGLH/DXHQ
XQG 0LWWHOPl‰LJHQ YHUZHUIHQ VROFKH hEXQJ DXV +RFKPXW 'HPXW
]LHPWVLFKGDVPHUNHGLU-RKDQQ©
$P$SULOVHLQHPDFKWHQ*HEXUWVWDJHVSLHOWH+DQQRGHU
YHUVDPPHOWHQ )DPLOLH ]XVDPPHQ PLW VHLQHU 0XWWHU HLQH NOHLQH
HLJHQH3KDQWDVLHYRUHLQHLQIDFKHV0RWLYGDVHUDXVILQGLJJHPDFKW
PHUNZUGLJJHIXQGHQXQGHLQZHQLJDXVJHEDXWKDWWH1DWUOLFKKDWWH
+HUU 3IXKO GHP HU HV DQYHUWUDXW PDQFKHUOHL GDUDQ DXV]XVHW]HQ
JHKDEWª:DVLVWGDVIUHLQWKHDWUDOLVFKHU6FKOX‰-RKDQQ'DVSD‰W
MDJDUQLFKW]XPEULJHQ"=X$QIDQJLVWDOOHVJDQ]RUGHQWOLFKDEHU
ZLHYHUIlOOVWGXKLHUSO|W]OLFKDXV+'XULQGHQ4XDUW6H[W$NNRUG
GHUYLHUWHQ6WXIHPLWHUQLHGULJWHU7HU]P|FKWHLFKZLVVHQ"'DVVLQG
3RVVHQ 8QG GX WUHPROLHUVW LKQ DXFK QRFK 'DV KDVW GX LUJHQGZR
DXIJHVFKQDSSW:RKHUVWDPPWHV"LFKZHL‰HVVFKRQ'XKDVW]XJXW
]XJHK|UW ZHQQ LFK GHLQHU )UDX 0DPD JHZLVVH 6DFKHQ YRUVSLHOHQ
PX‰WH bQGHUH GHQ 6FKOX‰ .LQG GDQQ LVW HV HLQ JDQ] VDXEHUHV
NOHLQHV'LQJ©
$EHUJHUDGHDXIGLHVHQ0ROODNNRUGXQGGLHVHQ6FKOX‰OHJWH+DQQR
GDV DOOHUJU|‰WH *HZLFKW XQG VHLQH 0XWWHU DPVLHUWH VLFK VR VHKU
GDUEHU GD‰ HV GDEHL EOLHE 6LH QDKP GLH *HLJH VSLHOWH GLH
2EHUVWLPPH PLW XQG YDULLHUWH GDQQ ZlKUHQG +DQQR GHQ 6DW] JDQ]
HLQIDFK ZLHGHUKROWH GHQ 'LVNDQW ELV ]XP 6FKOX‰ LQ /DXIHQ YRQ


=ZHLXQGGUHL‰LJVWHOQ'DVNODQJJDQ]JUR‰DUWLJ+DQQRN‰WHVLHYRU
*OFNXQGVRWUXJHQVLHHVDP$SULOGHU)DPLOLHYRU
'LH .RQVXOLQ )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU &KULVWLDQ .ORWKLOGH +HUU XQG
)UDX.RQVXO.U|JHU+HUUXQG)UDX'LUHNWRU:HLQVFKHQNVRZLHGLH
'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN DXV GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H XQG )UlXOHLQ
:HLFKEURGW KDWWHQ ]XU )HLHU YRQ +DQQR¶V *HEXUWVWDJ XP YLHU 8KU
EHLP6HQDWRUXQGVHLQHU)UDX]X0LWWDJJHJHVVHQQXQVD‰HQVLHLP
6DORQ XQG EOLFNWHQ ODXVFKHQG DXI GDV .LQG GDV LQ VHLQHP
0DWURVHQDQ]XJDP)OJHOVD‰XQGDXIGLHIUHPGDUWLJHXQGHOHJDQWH
(UVFKHLQXQJ *HUGD¶V GLH ]XHUVW DXI GHU J6DLWH HLQH SUDFKWYROOH
.DQWLOHQH HQWZLFNHOWH XQG GDQQ PLW XQIHKOEDUHU 9LUWXRVLWlW HLQH
)OXW YRQ SHUOHQGHQ XQG VFKDXPHQGHQ .DGHQ]HQ HQWIHVVHOWH 'HU
6LOEHUGUDKWDP*ULIILKUHV%RJHQVEOLW]WHLP/LFKWGHU*DVIODPPHQ
+DQQR EOHLFK YRU (UUHJXQJ KDWWH EHL 7LVFKH IDVW QLFKWV HVVHQ
N|QQHQDEHUMHW]WZDUGLH+LQJHEXQJDQVHLQ:HUNGDVDFKQDFK
]ZHL0LQXWHQVFKRQZLHGHU]X(QGHVHLQVROOWHVRJUR‰LQLKPGD‰
HU LQ YROOVWlQGLJHU (QWUFNWKHLW DOOHV XP VLFK KHU YHUJHVVHQ KDWWH
'LHV NOHLQH PHORGLVFKH *HELOGH ZDU PHKU KDUPRQLVFKHU DOV
UK\WKPLVFKHU1DWXUXQGJDQ]VHOWVDPPXWHWHGHU*HJHQVDW]DQGHU
]ZLVFKHQ GHQ SULPLWLYHQ IXQGDPHQWDOHQ XQG NLQGOLFKHQ
PXVLNDOLVFKHQ 0LWWHOQ XQG GHU JHZLFKWLJHQ OHLGHQVFKDIWOLFKHQ XQG
IDVWUDIILQLHUWHQ$UWEHVWDQGLQZHOFKHUGLHVH0LWWHOEHWRQWXQG]XU
*HOWXQJ JHEUDFKW ZXUGHQ 0LW HLQHU VFKUlJHQ XQG ]LHKHQGHQ
%HZHJXQJ GHV .RSIHV QDFK YRUQ KRE +DQQR EHGHXWVDP MHGHQ
hEHUJDQJVWRQKHUYRUXQGJDQ]YRUQDXIGHP6HVVHOVLW]HQGVXFKWH
HU GXUFK 3HGDO XQG 9HUVFKLHEXQJ MHGHP QHXHQ $NNRUG HLQHQ
HPSILQGOLFKHQ:HUW]XYHUOHLKHQ,QGHU7DWZHQQGHUNOHLQH+DQQR
HLQHQ(IIHNWHU]LHOWHXQGEHVFKUlQNWHVLFKGHUVHOEHDXFKJDQ]DOOHLQ
DXI LKQ VHOEVW  VR ZDU GHU (IIHNW ZHQLJHU HPSILQGVDPHU DOV
HPSILQGOLFKHU 1DWXU ,UJHQGHLQ JDQ] HLQIDFKHU KDUPRQLVFKHU
.XQVWJULII ZDUG GXUFK JHZLFKWLJH XQG YHU]|JHUQGH $N]HQWXLHUXQJ
]X HLQHU JHKHLPQLVYROOHQ XQG SUH]L|VHQ %HGHXWXQJ HUKREHQ
,UJHQGHLQHP $NNRUG HLQHU QHXHQ +DUPRQLH HLQHP (LQVDW] ZXUGH
ZlKUHQG +DQQR GLH $XJHQEUDXHQ HPSRU]RJ XQG PLW GHP
2EHUN|USHU HLQH KHEHQGH VFKZHEHQGH %HZHJXQJ YROOIKUWH GXUFK
HLQH SO|W]OLFK HLQWUHWHQGH PDWW KDOOHQGH .ODQJJHEXQJ HLQH QHUY|V
EHUUDVFKHQGH :LUNXQJVIlKLJNHLW ]XWHLO 8QG QXQ NDP GHU 6FKOX‰


+DQQR¶V JHOLHEWHU 6FKOX‰ GHU DQ SULPLWLYHU *HKREHQKHLW GHP
*DQ]HQ GLH .URQH DXIVHW]WH /HLVH XQG JORFNHQUHLQ XPSHUOW XQG
XPIORVVHQYRQGHQ/DXIHQGHU9LROLQHWUHPROLHUWHSLDPVVLPRGHUH
0ROO$NNRUG (U ZXFKV HU QDKP ]X HU VFKZROO ODQJVDP ODQJVDP
DQLPIRUWH]RJ+DQQRGDVGLVVRQLHUHQGH]XU*UXQGWRQDUWOHLWHQGH
HLV KHU]X XQG ZlKUHQG GLH 6WUDGLYDUL ZRJHQG XQG NOLQJHQG DXFK
GLHVHV HLV XPUDXVFKWH VWHLJHUWH HU GLH 'LVVRQDQ] PLW DOOHU VHLQHU
.UDIW ELV ]XP IRUWLVVLPR (U YHUZHLJHUWH VLFK GLH $XIO|VXQJ HU
HQWKLHOW VLH VLFK XQG GHQ +|UHUQ YRU :DV ZUGH VLH VHLQ GLHVH
$XIO|VXQJGLHVHVHQW]FNHQGHXQGEHIUHLWH+LQHLQVLQNHQLQ+'XU"
(LQ *OFN RKQHJOHLFKHQ HLQH *HQXJWXXQJ YRQ EHUVFKZHQJOLFKHU
6‰LJNHLW'HU)ULHGH'LH6HOLJNHLW'DV+LPPHOUHLFK1RFKQLFKW
QRFK QLFKW 1RFK HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN GHV $XIVFKXEV GHU
9HU]|JHUXQJ GHU 6SDQQXQJ GLH XQHUWUlJOLFK ZHUGHQ PX‰WH GDPLW
GLH %HIULHGLJXQJ GHVWR N|VWOLFKHU VHL 1RFK HLQ OHW]WHV DOOHUOHW]WHV
$XVNRVWHQ GLHVHU GUlQJHQGHQ XQG WUHLEHQGHQ 6HKQVXFKW GLHVHU
%HJLHUGH GHV JDQ]HQ :HVHQV GLHVHU lX‰HUVWHQ XQG NUDPSIKDIWHQ
$QVSDQQXQJ GHV :LOOHQV GHU VLFK GHQQRFK GLH (UIOOXQJ XQG
(UO|VXQJ QRFK YHUZHLJHUWH ZHLO HU ZX‰WH 'DV *OFN LVW QXU HLQ
$XJHQEOLFN +DQQR¶V 2EHUN|USHUUHFNWH VLFKODQJVDP HPSRU VHLQH
$XJHQZXUGHQJDQ]JUR‰VHLQHJHVFKORVVHQHQ/LSSHQ]LWWHUWHQPLW
HLQHP VWR‰ZHLVHQ %HEHQ ]RJ HU GLH /XIW GXUFK GLH 1DVH HLQ XQG
GDQQZDUGLH:RQQHQLFKWPHKU]XUFN]XKDOWHQ6LHNDPNDPEHU
LKQXQGHUZHKUWHLKUQLFKWOlQJHU6HLQH0XVNHOQVSDQQWHQVLFKDE
HUPDWWHW XQG EHUZlOWLJW VDQN VHLQ .RSI DXI GLH 6FKXOWHU QLHGHU
VHLQH$XJHQVFKORVVHQVLFKXQGHLQZHKPWLJHVIDVWVFKPHU]OLFKHV
/lFKHOQ XQDXVVSUHFKOLFKHU %HVHKJXQJ XPVSLHOWH VHLQHQ 0XQG
ZlKUHQG PLW 9HUVFKLHEXQJ XQG 3HGDO XPIOVWHUW XPZREHQ
XPUDXVFKWXQGXPZRJWYRQGHQ/lXIHQGHU9LROLQHVHLQ7UHPROR
GHP HU QXQ %D‰OlXIH JHVHOOWH QDFK +'XU KLQEHUJOLWW VLFK JDQ]
UDVFK ]XP IRUWLVVLPR VWHLJHUWH XQG GDQQ PLW HLQHP NXU]HQ
QDFKKDOORVHQ$XIEUDXVHQDEEUDFK
(V ZDU XQP|JOLFK GD‰ GLH :LUNXQJ GLH GLHVHV 6SLHO DXI +DQQR
VHOEVW DXVEWH VLFK DXFK DXI GLH =XK|UHU HUVWUHFNWH )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU]XP%HLVSLHOKDWWHYRQGHPJDQ]HQ$XIZDQGQLFKWGDV
DOOHUPLQGHVWH YHUVWDQGHQ :RKO DEHU KDWWH VLH GHV .LQGHV /lFKHOQ
JHVHKHQ GLH %HZHJXQJ VHLQHV 2EHUN|USHUV GDV VHOLJH =XU6HLWH


6LQNHQ VHLQHV NOHLQHQ ]lUWOLFK JHOLHEWHQ .RSIHV« XQG GLHVHU
$QEOLFN KDWWH VLH LQ GHQ 7LHIHQ LKUHU OHLFKW JHUKUWHQ *XWPWLJNHLW
HUJULIIHQª:LHVSLHOWGHU-XQJH:LHVSLHOWGDV.LQG©ULHIVLHDXV
LQGHP VLH EHLQDKH ZHLQHQG DXI LKQ ]XHLOWH XQG LKQ LQ GLH $UPH
VFKOR‰«ª*HUGD7RPHUZLUGHLQ0R]DUWHLQ0H\HUEHHUHLQ«©
XQGLQ(UPDQJHOXQJHLQHVGULWWHQ1DPHQVYRQlKQOLFKHU%HGHXWXQJ
GHU LKU QLFKW VRJOHLFK HLQILHO EHVFKUlQNWH VLH VLFK GDUDXI LKUHQ
1HIIHQ GHU GLH +lQGH LP 6FKR‰H QRFK JDQ] HUPDWWHW XQG PLW
DEZHVHQGHQ$XJHQGDVD‰PLW.VVHQ]XEHGHFNHQª*HQXJ7RQ\
JHQXJ©VDJWHGHU6HQDWRUOHLVHª,FKELWWHGLFKZDVVHW]HVWGXLKP
LQGHQ.RSI«©

6LHEHQWHV.DSLWHO

7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN ZDU LQ VHLQHP +HU]HQ QLFKW HLQYHUVWDQGHQ


PLWGHP:HVHQXQGGHU(QWZLFNOXQJGHVNOHLQHQ-RKDQQ
(U KDWWH HLQVW DOOHP .RSIVFKWWHOQ VFKQHOO YHUEOIIWHU 3KLOLVWHU
]XP7URW]*HUGD$UQROGVHQKHLPJHIKUWZHLOHUVLFKVWDUNXQGIUHL
JHQXJ JHIKOW KDWWH XQEHVFKDGHW VHLQHU EUJHUOLFKHQ 7FKWLJNHLW
HLQHQ GLVWLQJXLHUWHUHQ *HVFKPDFN DQ GHQ 7DJ ]X OHJHQ DOV GHQ
DOOJHPHLQ EOLFKHQ $EHU VROOWH QXQ GDV .LQG GLHVHU ODQJH
YHUJHEHQVHUVHKQWH(UEHGHUGRFKlX‰HUOLFKXQGN|USHUOLFKPDQFKH
$E]HLFKHQ VHLQHU YlWHUOLFKHQ )DPLOLH WUXJ VR JDQ] XQG JDU GLHVHU
0XWWHUJHK|UHQ"6ROOWHHUYRQGHPHUHUKRIIWKDWWHGD‰HUHLQVWPLW
JOFNOLFKHUHU XQG XQEHIDQJHQHUHU +DQG GLH $UEHLW VHLQHV /HEHQV
IRUWIKUHQZHUGHGHUJDQ]HQ8PJHEXQJLQGHUHU]XOHEHQXQG]X
ZLUNHQEHUXIHQMDVHLQHP9DWHUVHOEVWLQQHUOLFKXQGYRQ1DWXUDXV
IUHPGXQGEHIUHPGHQGJHJHQEHUVWHKHQ"
*HUGD¶V *HLJHQVSLHO KDWWH IU 7KRPDV ELVODQJ EHUHLQVWLPPHQG
PLW LKUHQ VHOWVDPHQ $XJHQ GLH HU OLHEWH ]X LKUHP VFKZHUHQ
GXQNHOURWHQ +DDU XQG LKUHU JDQ]HQ DX‰HURUGHQWOLFKHQ (UVFKHLQXQJ
HLQHUHL]YROOH%HLJDEHPHKU]XLKUHPHLJHQDUWLJHQ:HVHQEHGHXWHW
MHW]W DEHU GD HU VHKHQ PX‰WH ZLH GLH /HLGHQVFKDIW GHU 0XVLN GLH
LKPIUHPGZDUVRIUKVFKRQVRYRQ$QEHJLQQXQGYRQ*UXQGDXV


VLFK DXFK VHLQHV 6RKQHV EHPlFKWLJWH ZXUGH VLH LKP ]X HLQHU
IHLQGOLFKHQ 0DFKW GLH VLFK ]ZLVFKHQ LKQ XQG GDV .LQG VWHOOWH DXV
GHP VHLQH +RIIQXQJHQ GRFK HLQHQ HFKWHQ %XGGHQEURRN HLQHQ
VWDUNHQ XQG SUDNWLVFK JHVLQQWHQ 0DQQ PLW NUlIWLJHQ 7ULHEHQ QDFK
DX‰HQ QDFK 0DFKW XQG (UREHUXQJ PDFKHQ ZROOWHQ 8QG LQ GHU
UHL]EDUHQ9HUIDVVXQJLQGHUHUVLFKEHIDQGVFKLHQHVLKPDOVGURKH
GLHVH IHLQGVHOLJH 0DFKW LKQ ]X HLQHP )UHPGHQ LQ VHLQHP HLJHQHQ
+DXVH]XPDFKHQ
(UZDUQLFKWLPVWDQGHVLFKGHU0XVLNZLH*HUGDXQGLKU)UHXQG
GLHVHU+HUU3IXKOVLHEHWULHEHQ]XQlKHUQXQG*HUGDH[NOXVLYXQG
XQGXOGVDP LQ 'LQJHQ GHU .XQVW HUVFKZHUWH LKP QRFK GLHVH
$QQlKHUXQJLQZLUNOLFKJUDXVDPHU:HLVH
1LHKDWWHHUJHJODXEWGD‰GDV:HVHQGHU0XVLNVHLQHU)DPLOLHVR
JlQ]OLFK IUHPG VHL ZLH HV MHW]W GHQ $QVFKHLQ JHZDQQ 6HLQ
*UR‰YDWHU KDWWH JHUQ HLQ ZHQLJ GLH )O|WH JHEODVHQ XQG HU VHOEVW
KDWWHLPPHU PLW:RKOJHIDOOHQDXIKEVFKH0HORGLHQ GLHHQWZHGHU
HLQH OHLFKWH *UD]LH RGHU HLQLJH EHVFKDXOLFKH :HKPXW RGHU HLQH
PXQWHUVWLPPHQGH6FKZXQJKDIWLJNHLWDQGHQ7DJOHJWHQJHODXVFKW
*DEHUDEHU VHLQHP *HVFKPDFN DQ LUJHQGHLQHP GHUDUWLJHQ *HELOGH
$XVGUXFNVRNRQQWHHUJHZlUWLJVHLQGD‰*HUGDGLH$FKVHOQ]XFNWH
XQGPLWHLQHPPLWOHLGLJHQ/lFKHOQVDJWHª:LHLVWHVP|JOLFKPHLQ
)UHXQG(LQ'LQJVRJDQ]RKQHPXVLNDOLVFKHQ:HUW«©
(UKD‰WHGLHVHQªPXVLNDOLVFKHQ:HUW©GLHVHV:RUWPLWGHPVLFK
IULKQNHLQDQGHUHU%HJULIIYHUEDQGDOVGHUHLQHVNDOWHQ+RFKPXWHV
(V WULHE LKQ VLFK ZlKUHQG +DQQR GDEHLVD‰ GDJHJHQ ]X HUKHEHQ
0HKU DOV HLQPDO JHVFKDK HV GD‰ HU EHL VROFKHQ *HOHJHQKHLWHQ
DXIEHJHKUWH XQG DXVULHI ª$FK /LHEVWH GDV 7UXPSIHQ DXI GLHVHQ
¾PXVLNDOLVFKHQ :HUW½ VFKHLQW PLU HLQH ]LHPOLFK GQNHOKDIWH XQG
JHVFKPDFNORVH6DFKH]XVHLQ©
8QG VLH HUZLGHUWH LKP ª7KRPDV HLQ IU DOOHPDO YRQ GHU 0XVLN
DOV .XQVW ZLUVW GX QLHPDOV HWZDV YHUVWHKHQ XQG VR LQWHOOLJHQW GX
ELVW ZLUVW GX QLHPDOV HLQVHKHQ GD‰ VLH PHKU LVW DOV HLQ NOHLQHU
1DFKWLVFKVSD‰ XQG 2KUHQVFKPDXV ,Q GHU 0XVLN JHKW GLU GHU 6LQQ
IU GDV %DQDOH DE GHU GLU GRFK VRQVW QLFKW IHKOW« XQG HU LVW GDV
.ULWHULXPGHV9HUVWlQGQLVVHVLQGHU.XQVW:LHIUHPGGLUGLH0XVLN
LVW NDQQVW GX VFKRQ GDUDXV HUVHKHQ GD‰ GHP PXVLNDOLVFKHU
*HVFKPDFN GHLQHQ EULJHQ %HGUIQLVVHQ XQG $QVFKDXXQJHQ MD


HLJHQWOLFK JDU QLFKW HQWVSULFKW :DV IUHXW GLFK LQ GHU 0XVLN" 'HU
*HLVW HLQHV JHZLVVHQ IDGHQ 2SWLPLVPXV GHQ GX ZlUH HU LQ HLQHP
%XFKH HLQJHVFKORVVHQ HPS|UW RGHU lUJHUOLFK EHOXVWLJW LQ GLH (FNH
ZHUIHQ ZUGHVW 6FKQHOOH (UIOOXQJ MHGHV NDXP HUUHJWHQ
:XQVFKHV«3URPSWHIUHXQGOLFKH%HIULHGLJXQJGHVNDXPHLQZHQLJ
DXIJHVWDFKHOWHQ:LOOHQV«*HKWHVLQGHU:HOWHWZD]XZLHLQHLQHU
KEVFKHQ0HORGLH"«'DVLVWOlSSLVFKHU,GHDOLVPXV«©
(UYHUVWDQGVLHHUYHUVWDQGZDVVLHVDJWH$EHUHUYHUPRFKWHLKU
PLW GHP *HIKO QLFKW ]X IROJHQ XQG QLFKW ]X EHJUHLIHQ ZDUXP
0HORGLHQGLHLKQHUPXQWHUWHQRGHUUKUWHQQXOOXQGQLFKWLJVHLQ±
XQG 0XVLNVWFNH GLH LKQ KHUE XQG YHUZRUUHQ DQPXWHWHQ GHQ
K|FKVWHQ PXVLNDOLVFKHQ :HUW EHVLW]HQ VROOWHQ (U VWDQG YRU HLQHP
7HPSHO YRQ GHVVHQ 6FKZHOOH *HUGD LKQ PLW XQQDFKVLFKWLJHU
*HElUGHYHUZLHV«XQGNXPPHUYROOVDKHUZLHVLHPLWGHP.LQGH
GDULQYHUVFKZDQG
(U OLH‰ QLFKWV PHUNHQ YRQ GHU 6RUJH PLW GHUHU GLH (QWIUHPGXQJ
EHREDFKWHWH GLH ]ZLVFKHQ LKP XQG VHLQHP NOHLQHQ 6RKQH
]X]XQHKPHQVFKLHQXQGGHU$QVFKHLQDOVEHZUEHHUVLFKXPGHV
.LQGHV*XQVWZlUHLKPIXUFKWEDUJHZHVHQ(UKDWWHMDZlKUHQGGHV
7DJHV QXU ZHQLJ 0X‰H PLW GHP .OHLQHQ ]XVDPPHQ]XWUHIIHQ 
JHOHJHQWOLFK GHU 0DKO]HLWHQ DEHU EHKDQGHOWH HU LKQ PLW HLQHU
IUHXQGVFKDIWOLFKHQ .RUGLDOLWlW GLH HLQHQ $QIOXJ YRQ HUPXQWHUQGHU
+lUWH EHVD‰ ª1XQ .DPHUDG© VDJWH HU LQGHP HU LKQ HLQ SDDUPDO
DXI GHQ +LQWHUNRSI NORSIWH XQG VLFK VHLQHU )UDX JHJHQEHU QHEHQ
LKQ DQ GHQ 6SHLVHWLVFK VHW]WH« ª:LH JHKW¶V :DV KDEHQ ZLU
JHWULHEHQ *HOHUQW"« 8QG .ODYLHU JHVSLHOW" 'DV LVW UHFKW $EHU
QLFKW ]X YLHO VRQVW KDEHQ ZLU NHLQH /XVW PHKU ]XP EULJHQ XQG
EOHLEHQ2VWHUQVLW]HQ©.HLQ0XVNHOLQVHLQHP*HVLFKWYHUULHWGDEHL
GLH EHVRUJWH 6SDQQXQJ PLW GHU HU HUZDUWHWH ZLH +DQQR VHLQH
%HJU‰XQJDXIQHKPHQZLHVLHHUZLGHUQZHUGHQLFKWVYHUULHWHWZDV
YRQGHPVFKPHU]OLFKHQ6LFK]XVDPPHQ]LHKHQVHLQHV,QQHUHQ ZHQQ
GDV .LQG HLQIDFK HLQHQ VFKHXHQ %OLFN DXV VHLQHQ JROGEUDXQHQ
XPVFKDWWHWHQ $XJHQ ]X LKP KLQJOHLWHQ OLH‰ GHU QLFKW HLQPDO VHLQ
*HVLFKWHUUHLFKWH±XQG VLFKVWXPPEHUVHLQHQ7HOOHUEHXJWH
8QJHKHXHUOLFK ZlUH HV JHZHVHQ VLFK EHU GLHVH NLQGLVFKH
8QEHKROIHQKHLW ]X EHNPPHUQ :lKUHQG GHV %HLVDPPHQVHLQV LQ
GHQ3DXVHQHWZDEHLP:HFKVHOQGHV*HVFKLUUVZDUHVVHLQH3IOLFKW


VLFKHLQZHQLJPLWGHP-XQJHQ]XEHVFKlIWLJHQLKQHLQEL‰FKHQ]X
SUIHQ VHLQHQ SUDNWLVFKHQ 6LQQ IU 7DWVDFKHQ KHUDXV]XIRUGHUQ«
:LHYLHO(LQZRKQHUEHVD‰GLH6WDGW":HOFKH6WUD‰HQIKUWHQYRQGHU
7UDYH ]XU REHUHQ 6WDGW KLQDXI" :LH KLH‰HQ GLH ]XP *HVFKlIW
JHK|ULJHQ 6SHLFKHU" )ULVFK XQG VFKODJIHUWLJ KHUJHVDJW  $EHU
+DQQRVFKZLHJ1LFKWDXV7URW]JHJHQ VHLQHQ9DWHU QLFKW XP LKP
ZHKH ]X WXQ $EHU GLH (LQZRKQHU GLH 6WUD‰HQ XQG VHOEVW GLH
6SHLFKHU GLH LKP XQWHU JHZ|KQOLFKHQ 8PVWlQGHQ XQHQGOLFK
JOHLFKJOWLJ ZDUHQ IO|‰WHQ LKP ]XP *HJHQVWDQG HLQHV ([DPHQV
HUKREHQ HLQHQ YHU]ZHLIHOWHQ :LGHUZLOOHQ HLQ (U PRFKWH YRUKHU
JDQ] PXQWHU JHZHVHQ VHLQ PRFKWH VRJDU PLW VHLQHP 9DWHU
JHSODXGHUW KDEHQ  VRZLH GDV *HVSUlFK DXFK QXU DQQlKHUQG GHQ
&KDUDNWHUHLQHUNOHLQHQ3UIXQJDQQDKPVDQNVHLQH6WLPPXQJXQWHU
1XOO EUDFK VHLQH :LGHUVWDQGVNUDIW YROOVWlQGLJ ]XVDPPHQ 6HLQH
$XJHQ YHUVFKOHLHUWHQ VLFK VHLQ 0XQG QDKP HLQHQ YHU]DJWHQ
$XVGUXFN DQ XQG ZDV LKQ EHKHUUVFKWH ZDU HLQ JUR‰HV
VFKPHU]OLFKHV %HGDXHUQ EHU GLH 8QYRUVLFKWLJNHLW PLW ZHOFKHU
3DSDGHUGRFKZLVVHQPX‰WHGD‰VROFKH9HUVXFKH]XQLFKWV*XWHP
IKUWHQQXQVLFKVHOEVWXQGDOOHQGLH0DKO]HLWYHUGRUEHQKDEH0LW
$XJHQ GLH LQ7UlQHQ VFKZDPPHQ VDK HU DXI VHLQHQ7HOOHU QLHGHU
,GD VWLH‰ LKQ DQ XQG IOVWHUWH LKP ]X« GLH 6WUD‰HQ GLH 6SHLFKHU
$EHUDFKGDVZDUMDXQQW]JDQ]XQQW] 6LH PL‰YHUVWDQG LKQ (U
ZX‰WHMDGLH1DPHQ]XP7HLOHZHQLJVWHQVJDQ]JXWXQGVROHLFKW
ZlUH HV JHZHVHQ 3DSDV :QVFKHQ ELV ]X HLQHP JHZLVVHQ *UDGH
ZHQLJVWHQV HQWJHJHQ]XNRPPHQ ZHQQ HV HEHQ P|JOLFK JHZHVHQ
ZlUH ZHQQ LKQ QLFKW HEHQ HWZDV XQEHUZLQGOLFK 7UDXULJHV GDUDQ
JHKLQGHUWKlWWH«(LQVWUHQJHV:RUWHLQ.ORSIHQPLWGHU*DEHODXI
GHQ0HVVHUEORFNYRQ6HLWHQVHLQHV9DWHUVVFKUHFNWHLKQDXI(UZDUI
HLQHQ %OLFN DXI VHLQH 0XWWHU XQG ,GD XQG YHUVXFKWH ]X VSUHFKHQ
DEHUVFKRQGLHHUVWHQ6LOEHQZXUGHQYRQ6FKOXFK]HQHUVWLFNWHVJLQJ
QLFKW ª*HQXJ© ULHI GHU 6HQDWRU ]RUQLJ ª6FKZHLJ ,FK ZLOO JDU
QLFKWVPHKUK|UHQ'XEUDXFKVWQLFKWVKHU]XVDJHQ'XGDUIVWVWXPP
XQG GXPP YRU GLFK KLQEUWHQ GHLQ /HEWDJ© 8QG LQ VFKZHLJVDPHU
0L‰VWLPPXQJZDUGGLH0DKO]HLW]X(QGHJHIKUW
'LHVH WUlXPHULVFKH 6FKZlFKH DEHU GLHVHV :HLQHQ GLHVHU
YROOVWlQGLJH0DQJHODQ)ULVFKHXQG(QHUJLHZDUGHU3XQNWDQGHP


GHU 6HQDWRU HLQVHW]WH ZHQQ HU JHJHQ +DQQR¶V OHLGHQVFKDIWOLFKH
%HVFKlIWLJXQJPLWGHU0XVLN%HGHQNHQHUKRE
+DQQR¶V *HVXQGKHLW ZDU LPPHU ]DUW JHZHVHQ %HVRQGHUV VHLQH
=lKQH KDWWHQ YRQ MHKHU GLH 8UVDFKH YRQ PDQFKHUOHL VFKPHU]KDIWHQ
6W|UXQJHQ XQG %HVFKZHUGHQ DXVJHPDFKW 'DV +HUYRUEUHFKHQ GHU
0LOFK]lKQHPLWVHLQHU*HIROJVFKDIWYRQ)LHEHUXQG.UlPSIHQKDWWH
LKQEHLQDKGDV/HEHQJHNRVWHWXQGGDQQKDWWHVHLQ=DKQIOHLVFKVWHWV
]XU (QW]QGXQJ XQG ]XU %LOGXQJ YRQ *HVFKZUHQ JHQHLJW GLH
0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ ZHQQ VLH UHLI ZDUHQ PLW HLQHU 6WHFNQDGHO ]X
|IIQHQ SIOHJWH -HW]W ]XU =HLW GHV =DKQZHFKVHOV ZDUHQ GLH /HLGHQ
QRFK JU|‰HU 6FKPHU]HQ NDPHQ GLH IDVW EHU +DQQR¶V .UlIWH
JLQJHQ XQG VFKODIORV XQWHU OHLVHP 6W|KQHQ XQG :HLQHQ LQ HLQHP
PDWWHQ)LHEHUGDVNHLQHDQGHUH8UVDFKHDOVHEHQGHQ6FKPHU]KDWWH
YHUEUDFKWHHUJDQ]H1lFKWH'LH=lKQHGLHlX‰HUOLFKVRVFK|QXQG
ZHL‰ ZLH GLH VHLQHU 0XWWHU GDEHL DEHU DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK ZHLFK XQG
YHUOHW]OLFK ZDUHQ ZXFKVHQ IDOVFK VLH EHGUlQJWHQ HLQDQGHU XQG
GDPLW DOOHQ GLHVHQ hEHOVWlQGHQ JHVWHXHUW ZUGH PX‰WH GHU NOHLQH
-RKDQQ HLQHQ IXUFKWEDUHQ 0HQVFKHQ LQ VHLQ MXQJHV /HEHQ HLQWUHWHQ
VHKHQ+HUUQ%UHFKWGHQ=DKQDU]W%UHFKWLQGHU0KOHQVWUD‰H«
6FKRQ GHU 1DPH GLHVHV 0DQQHV JHPDKQWH JUl‰OLFK DQ MHQHV
*HUlXVFK GDV LP .LHIHU HQWVWHKW ZHQQ PLW =LHKHQ 'UHKHQ XQG
+HEHQGLH:XU]HOQHLQHV=DKQHVKHUDXVJHEURFKHQZHUGHQXQGOLH‰
+DQQR¶V+HU]VLFKLQGHU$QJVW]XVDPPHQ]LHKHQGLHHUHUOLWWZHQQ
HUJHJHQEHUGHUWUHXHQ,GD-XQJPDQQLP:DUWH]LPPHUGHV+HUUQ
%UHFKW LQ HLQHP /HKQVWXKO NDXHUWH XQG ZlKUHQG HU GLH VFKDUI
ULHFKHQGH /XIW GLHVHU 5lXPOLFKNHLWHQ DWPHWH LOOXVWULHUWH -RXUQDOH
EHVDK ELV GHU =DKQDU]W PLW VHLQHP HEHQVR K|IOLFKHQ ZLH
JUDXHQHUUHJHQGHQ ª%LWWH© LQ GHU 7U GHV 2SHUDWLRQV]LPPHUV
HUVFKLHQ«
(LQH $Q]LHKXQJVNUDIW HLQHQ VHOWVDPHQ 5HL] EHVD‰ GLHVHV
:DUWH]LPPHUXQGGDVZDUHLQVWDWWOLFKHUEXQWHU3DSDJHLPLWJLIWLJHQ
NOHLQHQ $XJHQ GHU LQ HLQHP :LQNHO LQPLWWHQ HLQHV 0HVVLQJEDXHUV
VD‰ XQG DXV XQEHNDQQWHQ *UQGHQ -RVHSKXV KLH‰ 0LW GHU 6WLPPH
HLQHV ZWHQGHQ DOWHQ :HLEHV SIOHJWH HU ]X VDJHQ ª1HKPHQ 6LH
3ODW]« (LQHQ 0RPDQJ«© XQG REJOHLFK GLHV XQWHU GHQ
REZDOWHQGHQ 8PVWlQGHQ ZLH HLQ DEVFKHXOLFKHU +RKQ NODQJ ZDU
+DQQR%XGGHQEURRNLKPPLWHLQHP*HPLVFKYRQ/LHEHXQG*UDXHQ


]XJHWDQ(LQ3DSDJHL«HLQJUR‰HUEXQWHU9RJHOZHOFKHU-RVHSKXV
KLH‰ XQG UHGHQ NRQQWH :DU HU QLFKW ZLH HQWZLVFKW DXV HLQHP
=DXEHUZDOGH DXV HLQHP GHU *ULPP¶VFKHQ 0lUFKHQ GLH ,GD ]X
+DXVH YRUODV"« $XFK GDV ª%LWWH© PLW GHP +HUU %UHFKW GLH 7U
|IIQHWH ZLHGHUKROWH -RVHSKXV DXIV HLQGULQJOLFKVWH XQG VR JHVFKDK
HV GD‰ PDQ VHOWVDPHUZHLVH ODFKHQG GDV 2SHUDWLRQV]LPPHU EHWUDW
XQGVLFKDXIGHQJUR‰HQXQKHLPOLFKNRQVWUXLHUWHQ6WXKODP)HQVWHU
VHW]WHQHEHQGHPGLH7UHWPDVFKLQHVWDQG
:DV+HUUQ%UHFKWSHUV|QOLFKEHWUDIVRVDKHUJDQ]lKQOLFKDXVZLH
-RVHSKXVGHQQHEHQVRKDUWXQGNUXPPERJVHLQH1DVHVLFKDXIGHQ
VFKZDU]XQGJUDXPHOLHUWHQ6FKQXUUEDUWKLQDEZLHGHU6FKQDEHOGHV
3DSDJHLV 'DV 6FKOLPPH DEHU GDV HLJHQWOLFK (QWVHW]OLFKH DQ LKP
EHVWDQGGDULQGD‰HUQHUY|VXQGVHOEVWGHQ4XDOHQQLFKWJHZDFKVHQ
ZDU GLH ]X]XIJHQ VHLQ $PW LKQ ]ZDQJ ª:LU PVVHQ ]XU
([WUDNWLRQ VFKUHLWHQ )UlXOHLQ© VDJWH HU ]X ,GD -XQJPDQQ XQG
HUEOLFK 'DQQ ZHQQ +DQQR LQ HLQHP PDWWHQ NDOWHQ 6FKZHL‰H XQG
PLW EHUJUR‰HQ $XJHQ XQIlKLJ ]X SURWHVWLHUHQ XQIlKLJ
GDYRQ]XODXIHQ LQ HLQHP 6HHOHQ]XVWDQG GHU VLFK DEVROXW GXUFK
QLFKWV YRQ GHP HLQHV KLQ]XULFKWHQGHQ 'HOLQTXHQWHQ XQWHUVFKLHG
+HUUQ %UHFKW GLH =DQJH LP bUPHO DXI VLFK ]XNRPPHQ VDK VR
NRQQWHHUEHPHUNHQGD‰DXIGHUNDKOHQ6WLUQGHV=DKQDU]WHVNOHLQH
6FKZHL‰WURSIHQ SHUOWHQ XQG GD‰ VHLQ 0XQG HEHQIDOOV YRQ $QJVW
YHU]RJHQZDU«8QGZHQQGHUDEVFKHXOLFKH9RUJDQJYRUEHUZHQQ
+DQQR EOHLFK ]LWWHUQG PLW WUlQHQGHQ $XJHQ XQG HQWVWHOOWHP
*HVLFKWVHLQ%OXWLQGLHEODXH6FKDOH]XVHLQHU6HLWHVSLHVRPX‰WH
+HUU%UHFKWHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNLUJHQGZR3ODW]QHKPHQVLFKGLH6WLUQ
WURFNQHQXQGHLQZHQLJ:DVVHUWULQNHQ«
0DQ YHUVLFKHUWH GHP NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ GD‰ GLHVHU 0DQQ LKP YLHO
*XWHV WXH XQG LKQ YRU YLHOHQ QRFK JU|‰HUHQ 6FKPHU]HQ EHZDKUH
DEHUZHQQ+DQQRGLH3HLQGLH+HUU%UHFKWLKP]XJHIJW PLWGHP
SRVLWLYHQ XQG IKOEDUHQ 9RUWHLO YHUJOLFK GHQ HU LKP YHUGDQNWH VR
EHUZRJ GLH HUVWHUH ]X VHKU DOV GD‰ HU QLFKW DOOH GLHVH %HVXFKH LQ
GHU 0KOHQVWUD‰H ]X GHQ VFKOLPPVWHQ DOOHU XQQW]HQ 4XDOHQ KlWWH
UHFKQHQ PVVHQ ,P +LQEOLFN DXI GLH :HLVKHLWV]lKQH GLH GHUPDO
HLQVWNRPPHQZUGHQPX‰WHQYLHU%DFNHQ]lKQHGLHVRHEHQZHL‰
VFK|Q XQG QRFK YROONRPPHQ JHVXQG KHUDQJHZDFKVHQ ZDUHQ
HQWIHUQW ZHUGHQ XQG GDV QDKP GD PDQ GDV .LQG QLFKW


EHUDQVWUHQJHQZROOWHYLHU:RFKHQLQ$QVSUXFK:DVIUHLQH=HLW
'LHVH ODQJJH]RJHQH 0DUWHU LQ GHU VFKRQ GLH $QJVW YRU GHP
%HYRUVWHKHQGHQZLHGHUHLQVHW]WHZHQQQRFKGLH(UVFK|SIXQJQDFK
GHP hEHUVWDQGHQHQ KHUUVFKWH JLQJ ]X ZHLW $OV GHU OHW]WH =DKQ
JH]RJHQZDUODJ+DQQRDFKW7DJHODQJNUDQNXQG]ZDUDXVUHLQHU
(UPDWWXQJ
hEULJHQV EHHLQIOX‰WHQ GLHVH =DKQEHVFKZHUGHQ QLFKW QXU VHLQH
*HPWVVWLPPXQJ VRQGHUQ DXFK GLH )XQNWLRQHQ HLQ]HOQHU 2UJDQH
'LH %HKLQGHUXQJHQ EHLP .DXHQ KDWWHQ LPPHU ZLHGHU
9HUGDXXQJVVW|UXQJHQ MD DXFK $QIlOOH YRQ JDVWULVFKHP )LHEHU ]XU
)ROJHXQGGLHVH0DJHQYHUVWLPPXQJHQVWDQGHQLP=XVDPPHQKDQJH
PLWYRUEHUJHKHQGHQ$QIlOOHQYRQYHUVWlUNWHPRGHUJHVFKZlFKWHP
XQUHJHOPl‰LJHQ +HU]VFKODJ XQG 6FKZLQGHOJHIKOHQ %HL DOOGHP
EHVWDQG XQYHUPLQGHUW MD YHUVWlUNW GDV VHOWVDPH /HLGHQ IRUW GDV
'RNWRU *UDERZ ªSDYRU QRFWXUQXV© QDQQWH .DXP HLQH 1DFKW
YHUJLQJ RKQH GD‰ GHU NOHLQH -RKDQQ HLQ RGHU ]ZHLPDO HPSRUIXKU
XQG KlQGHULQJHQG PLW DOOHQ $Q]HLFKHQ GHU XQHUWUlJOLFKVWHQ $QJVW
QDFK+LOIHRGHU(UEDUPHQULHIDOVVWlQGHHULQ)ODPPHQDOVZROOWH
PDQ LKQ HUZUJHQ DOV JHVFKlKH HWZDV XQVlJOLFK *UDXHQKDIWHV«
$P 0RUJHQ ZX‰WH HU QLFKWV PHKU YRQ DOOHP  'RNWRU *UDERZ
VXFKWH GLHVHV /HLGHQ PLW HLQHP DEHQGOLFKHQ 7UXQN YRQ
+HLGHOEHHUVDIW]XEHKDQGHOQDOOHLQGDVKDOIJDQ]XQGJDUQLFKWV
'LH +HPPXQJHQ GHQHQ +DQQR¶V .|USHU XQWHUZRUIHQ ZDU GLH
6FKPHU]HQ GLH HU HUOLWW YHUIHKOWHQ QLFKW LQ LKP MHQHV HUQVWKDIWH
*HIKOYRU]HLWLJHU(UIDKUHQKHLWKHUYRU]XUXIHQGDVPDQ$OWNOXJKHLW
QHQQW XQG ZHQQ HV DXFK JOHLFKVDP DOV ZUGH HV YRQ HLQHU
EHUZLHJHQGHQ %HJDEXQJ PLW JXWHP *HVFKPDFNH QLHGHUJHKDOWHQ
QLFKW RIW XQG GXUFKDXV QLFKW DXIGULQJOLFK ]XWDJH WUDW VR lX‰HUWH HV
VLFK GRFK KLH XQG GD LQ )RUP HLQHU ZHKPWLJHQ hEHUOHJHQKHLW«
ª:LH JHKW HV GLU +DQQR"© IUDJWH MHPDQG YRQ VHLQHQ 9HUZDQGWHQ
VHLQH*UR‰PXWWHUGLH'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNDXVGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰H«
XQG HLQ NOHLQHVUHVLJQLHUWHV (PSRU]LHKHQ GHV 0XQGHV HLQ =XFNHQ
VHLQHU YRP EODXHQ 0DWURVHQNUDJHQ EHGHFNWHQ $FKVHOQ ZDU GLH
JDQ]H$QWZRUWª*HKVWGXJHUQ]XU6FKXOH"©
ª1HLQ© DQWZRUWHWH +DQQR UXKLJ XQG PLW HLQHU 2IIHQKHLW ZHOFKH
DQJHVLFKWV HUQVWHUHU 'LQJH HV QLFKW GHU 0KH ZHUW HUDFKWHW LQ


VROFKHQ$QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ]XOJHQª1LFKW"2K0DQPX‰DEHUGRFK
OHUQHQ6FKUHLEHQ5HFKQHQ/HVHQ«©
ª8QGVRZHLWHU©VDJWHGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQ
1HLQ HU JLQJ QLFKW JHUQ LQ GLH $OWH 6FKXOH GLHVH HKHPDOLJH
.ORVWHUVFKXOH PLW .UHX]JlQJHQ XQG JRWLVFK JHZ|OEWHQ
.ODVVHQ]LPPHUQ )HKOHQ ZHJHQ 8QZRKOVHLQV XQG JlQ]OLFKH
8QDXIPHUNVDPNHLW ZHQQ VHLQH *HGDQNHQ EHL LUJHQGHLQHU
KDUPRQLVFKHQ 9HUELQGXQJ RGHU GHQ QRFK XQHQWUlWVHOWHQ :XQGHUQ
HLQHV 0XVLNVWFNHV ZHLOWHQ GDV HU YRQ VHLQHU 0XWWHU XQG +HUUQ
3IXKO JHK|UW I|UGHUWHQ LKQ QLFKW HEHQ LQ GHQ :LVVHQVFKDIWHQ XQG
GLH+LOIVOHKUHUXQG6HPLQDULVWHQGLHLKQLQGLHVHQ XQWHUHQ.ODVVHQ
XQWHUULFKWHWHQ XQG GHUHQ JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH 8QWHUOHJHQKHLW JHLVWLJH
*HGUFNWKHLW XQG N|USHUOLFKH 8QJHSIOHJWKHLW HU HPSIDQG IO|‰WHQ
LKP QHEHQ GHU )XUFKW YRU 6WUDIH HLQH KHLPOLFKH 0L‰DFKWXQJ HLQ
+HUU 7LHWJH GHU 5HFKHQOHKUHU HLQ NOHLQHU *UHLV LQ IHWWLJHP
VFKZDU]HQ 5RFN GHU VFKRQ ]XU =HLW GHV YHUVWRUEHQHQ 0DUFHOOXV
6WHQJHO LP 'LHQVWH GHU $QVWDOW JHZLUNW KDWWH XQG GHU DXI HLQH
XQP|JOLFKH:HLVHLQVLFKKLQHLQVFKLHOWHZDVHUGXUFK%ULOOHQJOlVHU
UXQGXQGGLFNZLH6FKLIIVOXNHQ]XNRUULJLHUHQVXFKWH+HUU7LHWJH
JHPDKQWH GHQ NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ LQ MHGHU 6WXQGH ZLH IOHL‰LJ XQG
VFKDUIVLQQLJVHLQ9DWHUVWHWVEHLP5HFKQHQJHZHVHQVHL«%HVWlQGLJ
Q|WLJWHQ +HUUQ 7LHWJH VWDUNH +XVWHQDQIlOOH GHQ %RGHQ GHV
.DWKHGHUVPLWVHLQHP$XVZXUI]XEHGHFNHQ
+DQQR¶V 9HUKlOWQLV ]X VHLQHQ NOHLQHQ .DPHUDGHQ ZDU LP
DOOJHPHLQHQJDQ]IUHPGHUXQGlX‰HUOLFKHU1DWXUQXUPLWHLQHPYRQ
LKQHQYHUNQSIWHLKQXQG]ZDUVHLWGHQHUVWHQ6FKXOWDJHQHLQIHVWHV
%DQGXQGGDVZDUHLQ.LQGYRQYRUQHKPHU+HUNXQIWDEHUJlQ]OLFK
YHUZDKUORVWHPbX‰HUHQHLQ*UDI0|OOQPLWGHP9RUQDPHQ.DL
(V ZDU HLQ -XQJH YRQ +DQQR¶V 6WDWXU DEHU QLFKW ZLH GLHVHU PLW
HLQHP GlQLVFKHQ 0DWURVHQKDELW VRQGHUQ PLW HLQHP lUPOLFKHQ
$Q]XJ YRQ XQEHVWLPPWHU )DUEH EHNOHLGHW DQ GHP KLH XQG GD HLQ
.QRSIIHKOWHXQGGHUDP *HVl‰ HLQHQ JUR‰HQ )OLFNHQ ]HLJWH 6HLQH
+lQGH GLH DXV GHQ ]X NXU]HQ bUPHOQ KHUYRUVDKHQ HUVFKLHQHQ
LPSUlJQLHUW PLW 6WDXE XQG (UGH XQG YRQ XQYHUlQGHUOLFK KHOOJUDXHU
)DUEHDEHUVLHZDUHQVFKPDOXQGDX‰HURUGHQWOLFKIHLQJHELOGHWPLW
ODQJHQ )LQJHUQ XQG ODQJHQ VSLW] ]XODXIHQGHQ 1lJHOQ 8QG GLHVHQ
+lQGHQ HQWVSUDFK GHU .RSI ZHOFKHU YHUQDFKOlVVLJW XQJHNlPPW


XQGQLFKWVHKUUHLQOLFKYRQ1DWXUPLWDOOHQ0HUNPDOHQHLQHUUHLQHQ
XQG HGOHQ 5DVVH DXVJHVWDWWHW ZDU 'DV IOFKWLJ LQ GHU 0LWWH
JHVFKHLWHOWH U|WOLFKJHOEH +DDU ZDU YRQ HLQHU DODEDVWHUZHL‰HQ 6WLUQ
]XUFNJHVWULFKHQ XQWHU ZHOFKHU WLHI XQG VFKDUI ]XJOHLFK KHOOEODXH
$XJHQ EOLW]WHQ 'LH :DQJHQNQRFKHQ WUDWHQ HLQ ZHQLJ KHUYRU XQG
GLH1DVHPLW]DUWHQ1VWHUQXQGVFKPDOHPJDQ]OHLFKWJHERJHQHP
5FNHQZDUZLHGHU0XQGPLWHWZDVJHVFKU]WHU2EHUOLSSHVFKRQ
MHW]WYRQFKDUDNWHULVWLVFKHP*HSUlJH
+DQQR %XGGHQEURRN KDWWH GHQ NOHLQHQ *UDIHQ VFKRQ YRU %HJLQQ
GHU6FKXO]HLW]ZHLRGHUGUHLPDOJDQ]IOFKWLJ]XVHKHQEHNRPPHQ
XQG ]ZDU DXI 6SD]LHUJlQJHQ GLH HU PLW ,GD JHQ 1RUGHQ GXUFKV
%XUJWRU KLQDXV JHPDFKW 'RUW QlPOLFK ZHLW GUDX‰HQ XQIHUQ GHV
HUVWHQ 'RUIHV ZDU LUJHQGZR HLQ NOHLQHV *HK|IW HLQ ZLQ]LJHV IDVW
ZHUWORVHV $QZHVHQ GDV EHUKDXSW NHLQHQ 1DPHQ KDWWH 0DQ
JHZDQQ EOLFNWH PDQ KLQ GHQ (LQGUXFN HLQHV 0LVWKDXIHQV HLQHU
$Q]DKO+KQHUHLQHU+XQGHKWWHXQGHLQHVDUPVHOLJHQNDWHQDUWLJHQ
*HElXGHV PLW WLHI KLQXQWHUUHLFKHQGHP URWHP 'DFKH 'LHV ZDU GDV
+HUUHQKDXVXQGGRUWZRKQWH.DLV9DWHU(EHUKDUG*UDI0|OOQ
(UZDUHLQ6RQGHUOLQJGHQVHOWHQMHPDQG]XVHKHQEHNDPXQGGHU
EHVFKlIWLJW PLW +KQHU +XQGH XQG *HPVH]XFKW DEJHVFKLHGHQ
YRQDOOHU:HOWDXIVHLQHPNOHLQHQ*HK|IWHKDXVWHHLQJUR‰HU0DQQ
PLW 6WXOSHQVWLHIHOQ HLQHU JUQHQ )ULHVMRSSH NDKOHP .RSIH HLQHP
XQJHKHXUHQHUJUDXWHQ5EH]DKOEDUWHHLQHU5HLWSHLWVFKHLQGHU+DQG
REJOHLFK HU GXUFKDXV NHLQ 3IHUG EHVD‰ XQG HLQHP XQWHU GHU
EXVFKLJHQ%UDXHLQV$XJHJHNOHPPWHQ0RQRNHO(VJDEDX‰HULKP
XQG VHLQHP 6RKQH ZHLW XQG EUHLW NHLQHQ *UDIHQ 0|OOQ PHKU LP
/DQGH 'LH HLQ]HOQHQ =ZHLJH GHU HKHPDOV UHLFKHQ PlFKWLJHQ XQG
VWRO]HQ )DPLOLH ZDUHQ QDFK XQG QDFK YHUGRUUW DEJHVWRUEHQ XQG
YHUPRGHUW XQG QXU HLQH 7DQWH GHV NOHLQHQ .DL PLW GHU VHLQ 9DWHU
DEHU QLFKW LQ .RUUHVSRQGHQ] VWDQG ZDU QRFK DP /HEHQ 6LH
YHU|IIHQWOLFKWH XQWHUHLQHP DEHQWHXHUOLFKHQ 3VHXGRQ\P 5RPDQH LQ
)DPLOLHQEOlWWHUQ  :DV GHQ *UDIHQ (EHUKDUG EHWUDI VR HULQQHUWH
PDQ VLFK GD‰ HU XP VLFK YRU DOOHQ 6W|UXQJHQ GXUFK $QIUDJHQ
$QJHERWHXQG%HWWHOHL]XVFKW]HQZlKUHQGOlQJHUHU=HLWQDFKGHP
HU GDV $QZHVHQ YRUP %XUJWRUH EH]RJHQ HLQ 6FKLOG DQ VHLQHU
QLHGULJHQ +DXVWU JHIKUW KDWWH DXI GHP ]X OHVHQ JHZHVHQ ª+LHU
ZRKQW *UDI 0|OOQ JDQ] DOOHLQ EUDXFKW QLFKWV NDXIW QLFKWV XQG KDW


QLFKWV ]X YHUVFKHQNHQ© $OV GDV 6FKLOG VHLQH :LUNXQJ JHWDQ XQG
QLHPDQGLKQPHKUEHOlVWLJWHKDWWHHUHVZLHGHUHQWIHUQW
0XWWHUORV  GHQQ GLH *UlILQ ZDU DQ VHLQHU *HEXUW JHVWRUEHQ XQG
LUJHQGHLQ lOWOLFKHV )UDXHQ]LPPHU IKUWH GDV +DXVZHVHQ  ZDU GHU
NOHLQH .DL KLHU ZLOG ZLH HLQ 7LHU XQWHU GHQ +KQHUQ XQG +XQGHQ
KHUDQJHZDFKVHQXQG KLHU KDWWH± YRQ IHUQ XQG PLW JUR‰HU 6FKHX 
+DQQR%XGGHQEURRNLKQJHVHKHQZLHHUJOHLFKHLQHP.DQLQFKHQLP
.RKOHXPKHUVSUDQJVLFKPLWMXQJHQ+XQGHQEDOJWHXQGPLWVHLQHQ
3XU]HOElXPHQGLH+KQHUHUVFKUHFNWH
,QGHU6FKXOVWXEHKDWWHHULKQZLHGHUJHIXQGHQXQGVHLQH6FKHXYRU
GHP YHUZLOGHUWHQ bX‰HUHQ GHV NOHLQHQ *UDIHQ KDWWH ZRKO DQIDQJV
IRUWEHVWDQGHQ$EHUQLFKWODQJHVRKDWWHHLQVLFKHUHU,QVWLQNWLKQGLH
XQVRLJQLHUWH +OOH GXUFKVFKDXHQ ODVVHQ KDWWH LKQ DXI GLHVH ZHL‰H
6WLUQ GLHVHQ VFKPDOHQ 0XQG GLHVH OlQJOLFK JHVFKQLWWHQHQ
KHOOEODXHQ $XJHQ DFKWHQ ODVVHQ GLH PLW HLQHU $UW ]RUQLJHU
%HIUHPGXQJ GDUHLQJHEOLFNW KDWWHQ XQG HLQH JUR‰H 6\PSDWKLH IU
GLHVHQ .DPHUDGHQ XQWHU DOOHQ EULJHQ KDWWH LKQ JDQ] HUIOOW
'HQQRFKZDUHUYLHO]X]XUFNKDOWHQGDOVGD‰HUGHQ0XWJHIXQGHQ
KlWWH GLH )UHXQGVFKDIW HLQ]XOHLWHQ XQG RKQH GLH UFNVLFKWVORVH
,QLWLDWLYH GHV NOHLQHQ .DL ZlUHQ GLH EHLGHQ HLQDQGHU ZRKO IUHPG
JHEOLHEHQ -D GDV OHLGHQVFKDIWOLFKH 7HPSR PLW GHP .DL VLFK LKP
JHQlKHUWKDWWHGHQNOHLQHQ-RKDQQDQIDQJVVRJDUHUVFKUHFNW'LHVHU
NOHLQH YHUZDKUORVWH *HVHOO KDWWH PLW HLQHP )HXHU HLQHU VWUPLVFK
DJJUHVVLYHQ 0lQQOLFKNHLW XP GLH *XQVW GHV VWLOOHQ HOHJDQW
JHNOHLGHWHQ+DQQRJHZRUEHQGHUJDUQLFKW]XZLGHUVWHKHQJHZHVHQ
ZDU=ZDUNRQQWHHULKPEHLP8QWHUULFKWQLFKWEHKLOIOLFKVHLQGHQQ
VHLQHP XQJH]lKPWHQ XQG IUHL XPKHUVFKZHLIHQGHQ 6LQQ ZDU GDV
(LQPDOHLQV HWZDV HEHQVR $EVFKHXOLFKHV ZLH GHP WUlXPHULVFK
DEZHVHQGHQ GHV NOHLQHQ %XGGHQEURRN DEHU HU KDWWH LKQ PLW DOOHP
EHVFKHQNWZDVVHLQJHZHVHQZDUPLW*ODVNXJHOQ+RO]NUHLVHOQXQG
VRJDU PLW HLQHU NOHLQHQ YHUERJHQHQ %OHFKSLVWROH REJOHLFK VLH GDV
%HVWH ZDU ZDV HU EHVD‰« +DQG LQ +DQG PLW LKP LQ GHQ 3DXVHQ
KDWWHHULKPYRQVHLQHP+HLPYRQGHQMXQJHQ+XQGHQXQG+KQHUQ
HU]lKOW XQG KDWWH LKQ PLWWDJV REJOHLFK VWHWV ,GD -XQJPDQQ HLQ
3lFNFKHQEHOHJWHQ%XWWHUEURWHVLQGHU+DQGLKUHQ3IOHJOLQJYRUGHU
6FKXOWU ]XP 6SD]LHUHQJHKHQ HUZDUWHWH VR ZHLW ZLH P|JOLFK
EHJOHLWHW %HL GLHVHU *HOHJHQKHLW KDWWH HU HUIDKUHQ GD‰ GHU NOHLQH


%XGGHQEURRN ]X +DXVH +DQQR JHQDQQW ZXUGH XQG VRIRUW KDWWH HU
VLFKGLHVHV.RVHQDPHQVEHPlFKWLJWXPVHLQHQ)UHXQGQXQQLHPHKU
DQGHUV]XQHQQHQ
(LQHV 7DJHV KDWWH HU YHUODQJW GD‰ +DQQR VWDWW QDFK GHP
0KOHQZDOO PLW LKP QDFK VHLQHV 9DWHUV %HVLW] VSD]LHUHQJHKH XP
QHXJHERUHQH0HHUVFKZHLQFKHQ]XEHVHKHQXQG)UlXOHLQ-XQJPDQQ
KDWWH HQGOLFK GHQ %LWWHQ GHU EHLGHQ QDFKJHJHEHQ 6LH ZDUHQ QDFK
GHP JUlIOLFKHQ $QZHVHQ KLQDXVJHZDQGHUW KDWWHQ GHQ 0LVWKDXIHQ
GDV *HPVH GLH +XQGH +KQHU XQG 0HHUVFKZHLQFKHQ LQ
$XJHQVFKHLQ JHQRPPHQ XQG ZDUHQ VFKOLH‰OLFK DXFK LQ GDV +DXV
HLQJHWUHWHQZRVHOEVWLQHLQHPQLHGULJHQODQJJHVWUHFNWHQ5lXPH]X
HEHQHU(UGH*UDI(EHUKDUGHLQ%LOGWURW]LJHU9HUHLQVDPXQJOHVHQG
DQ HLQHP VFKZHUHQ %DXHUQWLVFK JHVHVVHQ XQG XQZLUVFK QDFK GHP
%HJHKUHQJHIUDJWKDWWH«
,GD -XQJPDQQ ZDU QLFKW ]X EHZHJHQ JHZHVHQ GLHVHQ %HVXFK ]X
ZLHGHUKROHQ YLHOPHKU KDWWH VLH GDUDXI EHVWDQGHQ GD‰ ZROOWHQ GLH
EHLGHQ EHLHLQDQGHU VHLQ .DL OLHEHU +DQQR EHVXFKHQ VROOWH XQG VR
KDWWH GHU NOHLQH *UDI GHQQ ]XP HUVWHQ 0DOH PLW DXIULFKWLJHU
%HZXQGHUXQJ DEHU GRFK RKQH 6FKHX GDV SUDFKWYROOH 9DWHUKDXV
VHLQHV )UHXQGHV EHWUHWHQ 9RQ GD DQ KDWWH HU RIW XQG |IWHU VLFK
HLQJHVWHOOWXQGQXQNRQQWHQXULP:LQWHUKRFKOLHJHQGHU6FKQHHLKQ
KLQGHUQ GHQ ZHLWHQ :HJ DP 1DFKPLWWDJH QRFK HLQPDO
]XUFN]XOHJHQ XP HLQ SDDU 6WXQGHQ EHL +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN ]X
YHUEULQJHQ
0DQ VD‰ LQ GHP JUR‰HQ .LQGHU]LPPHU LP ]ZHLWHQ 6WRFNZHUN
]XVDPPHQ XQG HUOHGLJWH VHLQH 6FKXODUEHLWHQ (V JDE GD ODQJH
5HFKHQDXIJDEHQ ]X O|VHQ GLH QDFKGHP PDQ EHLGH 6HLWHQ GHU
6FKLHIHUWDIHO PLW $GGLWLRQHQ 6XEWUDNWLRQHQ 0XOWLSOLNDWLRQHQ XQG
'LYLVLRQHQ EHGHFNW KDWWH DP (QGH XQG DOV 5HVXOWDW JDQ] HLQIDFK
1XOOHUJHEHQPX‰WHQ±ZRQLFKWVRVWHFNWHLUJHQGZRHLQ)HKOHUGHU
JHVXFKW JHVXFKW ZHUGHQ PX‰WH ELV PDQ GDV NOHLQH E|VDUWLJH 7LHU
JHIXQGHQKDWWHXQGYHUWLOJHQNRQQWHXQGKRIIHQWOLFKVWHFNWHHUQLFKW
]X KRFK ZHLO VRQVW EHLQDKH GDV *DQ]H QRFK HLQPDO JHVFKULHEHQ
ZHUGHQ PX‰WH )HUQHU JDOW HV VLFK PLW GHXWVFKHU *UDPPDWLN ]X
EHVFKlIWLJHQ GLH .XQVW GHU .RPSDUDWLRQ ]X HUOHUQHQ XQG JDQ]
UHLQOLFKXQGJUDGOLQLJ%HWUDFKWXQJHQXQWHUHLQDQGHU]XVFKUHLEHQZLH
]XP%HLVSLHOª+RUQLVWGXUFKVLFKWLJ*ODVLVWGXUFKVLFKWLJHU/XIWLVW


DPGXUFKVLFKWLJVWHQ©:RUDXIPDQVHLQ'LNWDWKHIW]XU +DQG QDKP
XP 6lW]H ]X VWXGLHUHQ ZLH GLHVHQ ª8QVHUH +HGZLJ LVW ]ZDU VHKU
ZLOOLJDEHUGHQ.HKULFKWDXIGHP(VWULFKIHJWVLHQLHPDOVRUGHQWOLFK
]XVDPPHQ©%HLGLHVHUhEXQJYROOHU9HUVXFKXQJHQXQG)X‰DQJHOQ
KDWWH GLH $EVLFKW EHVWDQGHQ GD‰ PDQ +HGZLJ ZLOOLJ XQG IHJW PLW
HLQHP FK (VWULFK PLW J XQG .HKULFKW ZRP|JOLFK HEHQIDOOV PLW
HLQHP J VFKUHLEHQ VROOWH XQG GDV KDWWH PDQ GHQQ DXFK JUQGOLFK
EHVRUJW ZHVKDOE QXQ GLH .RUUHNWXU YRUJHQRPPHQ ZHUGHQ PX‰WH
:DU DEHU DOOHV IHUWLJ VR SDFNWH PDQ HLQ XQG VHW]WH VLFK DXI GDV
)HQVWHUEUHWWXP,GDYRUOHVHQ]XK|UHQ
'LH JXWH 6HHOH ODV YRP .DWHUOLHVFKHQ YRQ 'HP GHU DXV]RJ GDV
)UFKWHQ ]X OHUQHQ YRQ 5XPSHOVWLO]FKHQ 5DSXQ]HO XQG
)URVFKN|QLJPLWWLHIHUJHGXOGLJHU6WLPPHXQGKDOEJHVFKORVVHQHQ
$XJHQ GHQQ VLH VDJWH GLH 0lUFKHQ GLH VLH LQ LKUHP /HEHQ VFKRQ
DOO]XRIWJHOHVHQEHLQDKHJDQ]DXVGHP.RSIHKHUXQGGDEHLVFKOXJ
VLHPHFKDQLVFKGLH%OlWWHUPLWGHPEHQHW]WHQ=HLJHILQJHUXP
%HL GLHVHU 8QWHUKDOWXQJ DEHU JHVFKDK GDV 0HUNZUGLJH GD‰ LQ
GHP NOHLQHQ .DL VLFK GDV %HGUIQLV ]X UHJHQ XQG DXV]XELOGHQ
EHJDQQHVGHP%XFKHJOHLFK]XWXQXQGVHOEVWHWZDV]XHU]lKOHQXQG
GDV ZDU XP VR HUZQVFKWHU DOV PDQ GLH JHGUXFNWHQ 0lUFKHQ
DOOPlKOLFKDOOHNDQQWHXQGDXFK,GDVLFKGDQQXQGZDQQHLQZHQLJ
DXVUXKHQPX‰WH.DLV*HVFKLFKWHQZDUHQDQIDQJVNXU]XQGHLQIDFK
ZXUGHQ GDQQ DEHU NKQHU XQG NRPSOL]LHUWHU XQG JHZDQQHQ DQ
,QWHUHVVH GDGXUFK GD‰ VLH QLFKW JlQ]OLFK LQ GHU /XIW VWDQGHQ
VRQGHUQ YRQ GHU:LUNOLFKNHLWDXVJLQJHQ XQG GLHVH LQ HLQ VHOWVDPHV
XQG JHKHLPQLVYROOHV /LFKW UFNWHQ« %HVRQGHUV JHUQ YHUQDKP
+DQQR GLH (U]lKOXQJ YRQ HLQHP E|VHQ DEHU DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK
PlFKWLJHQ =DXEHUHU GHU HLQHQ VFK|QHQ XQG KRFKEHJDEWHQ 3ULQ]HQ
PLW 1DPHQ -RVHSKXV LQ GHU *HVWDOW HLQHV EXQWHQ 9RJHOV EHL VLFK
JHIDQJHQKDOWH XQG DOOH 0HQVFKHQ PLW VHLQHQ WFNLVFKHQ .QVWHQ
TXlOH 6FKRQ DEHU ZDFKVH LQ GHU )HUQH GHU $XVHUZlKOWH KHUDQ
ZHOFKHU GHUHLQVW DQ GHU 6SLW]H HLQHU XQZLGHUVWHKOLFKHQ $UPHH YRQ
+XQGHQ +KQHUQ XQG 0HHUVFKZHLQFKHQ JHJHQ GHQ =DXEHUHU
IXUFKWORV ]X )HOGH ]LHKHQ XQG GHQ 3ULQ]HQ VRZLH GLH JDQ]H :HOW
EHVRQGHUV DEHU +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN YHUPLWWHOVW HLQHV
6FKZHUWVWUHLFKHV YRQ LKP HUO|VHQ ZHUGH 'DQQ ZHUGH EHIUHLW XQG
HQW]DXEHUW-RVHSKXVLQVHLQ5HLFK]XUFNNHKUHQ.|QLJZHUGHQXQG


+DQQR VRZRKO ZLH .DL ]X VHKU KRKHQ :UGHQ HPSRUVWHLJHQ
ODVVHQ«
6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRNGHUKLHXQGGDZHQQHUGDV.LQGHU]LPPHU
SDVVLHUWH GLH )UHXQGH EHLVDPPHQ VDK KDWWH JHJHQ GLHVHQ 9HUNHKU
QLFKWV HLQ]XZHQGHQ GHQQ HV ZDU OHLFKW ]X EHREDFKWHQ GD‰ GLH
EHLGHQHLQDQGHUYRUWHLOKDIWEHHLQIOX‰WHQ+DQQRZLUNWHEHVlQIWLJHQG
]lKPHQGXQGJHUDGH]XYHUHGHOQGDXI.DLGHULKQ]lUWOLFKOLHEWHGLH
:HL‰HVHLQHU+lQGHEHZXQGHUWHXQGVLFKLKP]XOLHEHGLHVHLQHQYRQ
)UlXOHLQ-XQJPDQQPLW%UVWHXQG6HLIHEHKDQGHOQOLH‰8QGZHQQ
+DQQRVHLQHUVHLWVHLQZHQLJ)ULVFKHXQG:LOGKHLWYRQGHPNOHLQHQ
*UDIHQHPSILQJVR ZDUGDV PLW )UHXGH ]X EHJU‰HQGHQQ 6HQDWRU
%XGGHQEURRN YHUKHKOWH VLFK QLFKW GD‰ GLH EHVWlQGLJH ZHLEOLFKH
2EKXWXQWHUZHOFKHUGHU-XQJHVWDQGQLFKWHEHQJHHLJQHWZDU GLH
(LJHQVFKDIWHQ GHU 0lQQOLFKNHLW LQ LKP DQ]XUHL]HQ XQG ]X
HQWZLFNHOQ
'LH7UHXHXQG+LQJHEXQJGHUJXWHQ,GD-XQJPDQQGLHQXQVFKRQ
OlQJHUDOVGUHL-DKU]HKQWHGHQ%XGGHQEURRNVGLHQWHZDUMDPLW*ROG
QLFKW ]X EH]DKOHQ 6LH KDWWH GLH YRUKHUJHKHQGH *HQHUDWLRQ PLW
$XIRSIHUXQJJHKHJWXQGJHSIOHJW+DQQRDEHUWUXJVLHDXI+lQGHQ
VLHKOOWHLKQJlQ]OLFKLQ=lUWOLFKNHLWXQG6RUJIDOWHLQVLHOLHEWHLKQ
DEJ|WWLVFKXQGJLQJLQLKUHPQDLYHQXQGXQHUVFKWWHUOLFKHQ*ODXEHQ
DQVHLQHDEVROXWEHYRU]XJWHXQGEHYRUUHFKWLJWH6WHOOXQJLQGHU:HOW
RIWPDOVELV]XP$EVXUGHQ6LHZDUJDOWHVIULKQ]XKDQGHOQYRQ
HUVWDXQOLFKHU XQG PDQFKPDO SHLQOLFKHU 8QYHUIURUHQKHLW
*HOHJHQWOLFK HLQHV (LQNDXIV EHLP .RQGLWRU ]XP %HLVSLHO XQWHUOLH‰
VLH HV QLHPDOV VHKU XQJHQLHUW LQ GLH DXVJHVWHOOWHQ 6FKDOHQ
KLQHLQ]XJUHLIHQ XP LKP GLHVH RGHU MHQH 6‰LJNHLW ]X]XVWHFNHQ
RKQHGDIU]XEH]DKOHQGHQQNRQQWHGHU0DQQVLFKQLFKWQXUJHHKUW
IKOHQ" 8QG YRU HLQHP XPODJHUWHQ 6FKDXIHQVWHU ZDU VLH VRIRUW EHL
GHU +DQG GLH /HXWH LQ LKUHP ZHVWSUHX‰LVFKHQ 'LDOHNW IUHXQGOLFK
DEHU HQWVFKLHGHQ XP 3ODW] IU LKUHQ 6FKW]OLQJ ]X HUVXFKHQ -D HU
ZDULQLKUHQ$XJHQHWZDVVRJDQ]%HVRQGHUHVGD‰VLHNDXPMHHLQ
DQGHUHV .LQG ZUGLJ JHKDOWHQ KDWWH PLW LKP LQ %HUKUXQJ ]X
NRPPHQ :DV GHQ NOHLQHQ .DL EHWUDI VR ZDU GLH EHLGHUVHLWLJH
=XQHLJXQJVWlUNHUJHZHVHQDOVLKU0L‰WUDXHQDXFKKDWWHGHU1DPH
VLH HLQ ZHQLJ EHVWRFKHQ *HVHOOWHQ VLFK DEHU DXI GHP 0KOHQZDOO
ZHQQVLHVLFKPLW+DQQRDXIHLQHU%DQNQLHGHUJHODVVHQKDWWHDQGHUH


.LQGHU PLW LKUHU %HJOHLWXQJ ]X LKQHQ VR HUKRE )UlXOHLQ -XQJPDQQ
VLFK EHLQDKH VRJOHLFK XQG JLQJ XQWHU LUJHQGHLQHP 9RUZDQGH YRQ
9HUVSlWXQJRGHU=XJZLQGYRQGDQQHQ'LH(UNOlUXQJHQGLHVLHGHP
NOHLQHQ-RKDQQGDIU]XWHLOZHUGHQOLH‰ZDUHQJHHLJQHWLQLKPGLH
9RUVWHOOXQJ ]X HUZHFNHQ DOV VHLHQ DOOH VHLQH $OWHUVJHQRVVHQ PLW
6NURIHOQ XQG ª%|VHQ 6lIWHQ© VFKZHU EHKDIWHW  QXU HU QLFKW 8QG
GDV WUXJ QLFKW JHUDGH GD]X EHL VHLQH VRZLHVR VFKRQ PDQJHOQGH
=XWUDXOLFKNHLWXQG8QEHIDQJHQKHLW]XVWlUNHQ
6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN ZX‰WH YRQ VROFKHQ (LQ]HOKHLWHQ QLFKW DEHU
HU VDK GD‰ GLH (QWZLFNOXQJ VHLQHV 6RKQHV YRQ 1DWXU XQG LQIROJH
lX‰HUHU(LQIOVVHYRUOlXILJ NHLQHVZHJV GLH 5LFKWXQJ HLQVFKOXJ GLH
HU LKU ]X JHEHQ ZQVFKWH +lWWH HU VHLQH (U]LHKXQJ LQ GLH +DQG
QHKPHQWlJOLFKXQGVWQGOLFKDXIVHLQHQ*HLVWZLUNHQN|QQHQ$EHU
GLH =HLW IHKOWH LKP GD]X XQG PLW 6FKPHU] PX‰WH HU VHKHQ ZLH
JHOHJHQWOLFKH9HUVXFKHGD]XNOlJOLFKPL‰ODQJHQXQGGDV9HUKlOWQLV
]ZLVFKHQ9DWHUXQG.LQGQXUNlOWHUXQGIUHPGHUPDFKWHQ(LQ%LOG
VFKZHEWHLKPYRUQDFKGHPHUVHLQHQ6RKQ]XPRGHOQVLFKVHKQWH
GDV %LOG YRQ +DQQR¶V 8UJUR‰YDWHU ZLH HU VHOEVW LKQ DOV .QDEH
JHNDQQW  HLQ KHOOHU .RSI MRYLDO HLQIDFK KXPRULVWLVFK XQG VWDUN«
.RQQWHHUVRQLFKWZHUGHQ":DUGDVXQP|JOLFK"
8QG ZDUXP"« +lWWH HU ZHQLJVWHQV GLH 0XVLN XQWHUGUFNHQ XQG
YHUEDQQHQ N|QQHQ GLH GHQ -XQJHQ GHP SUDNWLVFKHQ /HEHQ
HQWIUHPGHWHVHLQHUN|USHUOLFKHQ*HVXQGKHLWVLFKHUOLFKQLFKWQW]OLFK
ZDUXQGVHLQH*HLVWHVNUlIWHDEVRUELHUWH*UHQ]WHVHLQWUlXPHULVFKHV
:HVHQQLFKWPDQFKPDOJHUDGH]XDQ8Q]XUHFKQXQJVIlKLJNHLW"
(LQHV1DFKPLWWDJVZDU+DQQRGUHL9LHUWHOVWXQGHQYRUP(VVHQGDV
XP YLHU 8KU VWDWWIDQG DOOHLQ LQ GLH HUVWH (WDJH KLQDEJHVWLHJHQ (U
KDWWH HLQH =HLWODQJ DP )OJHO JHEW XQG KLHOW VLFK QXQ P‰LJ LP
:RKQ]LPPHUDXI+DOEOLHJHQGVD‰HUDXIGHU&KDLVHORQJXHQHVWHOWH
DQ GHP 6FKLIIHUNQRWHQ DXI VHLQHU %UXVW XQG LQGHP VHLQH $XJHQ
RKQH HWZDV ]X VXFKHQ VHLWZlUWV JOLWWHQ JHZDKUWH HU DXI GHP
]LHUOLFKHQ 1X‰KRO]VFKUHLEWLVFK VHLQHU 0XWWHU HLQH RIIHQH
/HGHUPDSSH  GLH 0DSSH PLW GHQ )DPLOLHQSDSLHUHQ (U VWW]WH GHQ
(OOHQERJHQ DXI GDV 5FNHQSROVWHU XQG GDV .LQQ LQ GLH +DQG XQG
EHWUDFKWHWH GLH 6DFKHQ HLQ :HLOFKHQ DXV GHU )HUQH 2KQH =ZHLIHO
KDWWH3DSDVLFKKHXWHQDFKGHP]ZHLWHQ)UKVWFNGDPLWEHVFKlIWLJW
XQG VLH ]X ZHLWHUHP *HEUDXFKH OLHJHQ ODVVHQ (LQLJHV VWDN LQ GHU


0DSSH ORVH %OlWWHU GLH GUDX‰HQ ODJHQ ZDUHQ YRUOlXILJ PLW HLQHP
PHWDOOHQHQ /LQHDO EHVFKZHUW GDV JUR‰H 6FKUHLEKHIW PLW JROGQHP
6FKQLWWXQGYHUVFKLHGHQDUWLJHP3DSLHUODJRIIHQGD
+DQQR JOLWW QDFKOlVVLJ YRQ GHU 2WWRPDQH KLQXQWHU XQG JLQJ ]XP
6FKUHLEWLVFK 'DV %XFK ZDU DQ MHQHU 6WHOOH DXIJHVFKODJHQ ZR LQ
GHQ +DQGVFKULIWHQ PHKUHUHU VHLQHU 9RUIDKUHQ XQG ]XOHW]W LQ GHU
VHLQHV 9DWHUV GHU JDQ]H 6WDPPEDXP GHU %XGGHQEURRNV PLW
.ODPPHUQXQG5XEULNHQLQEHUVLFKWOLFKHQ'DWHQJHRUGQHWZDU0LW
HLQHP %HLQ DXI GHP 6FKUHLEVHVVHO NQLHQG GDV ZHLFKJHZHOOWH
KHOOEUDXQH +DDU LQ GLH IODFKH +DQG JHVWW]W PXVWHUWH +DQQR GDV
0DQXVNULSWHLQZHQLJYRQGHU6HLWHPLWGHPPDWWNULWLVFKHQXQGHLQ
EL‰FKHQ YHUlFKWOLFKHQ (UQVWH HLQHU YROONRPPHQHQ *OHLFKJOWLJNHLW
XQG OLH‰ VHLQH IUHLH +DQG PLW 0DPDV )HGHUKDOWHU VSLHOHQ GHU KDOE
DXV *ROG XQG KDOE DXV (EHQKRO] EHVWDQG 6HLQH $XJHQ ZDQGHUWHQ
EHUDOOGLHVHPlQQOLFKHQXQGZHLEOLFKHQ1DPHQKLQGLHKLHUXQWHU
XQGQHEHQHLQDQGHUVWDQGHQ]XP7HLOHLQDOWPRGLVFKYHUVFKQ|UNHOWHU
6FKULIW PLW ZHLW DXVODGHQGHQ 6FKOHLIHQ LQ JHOEOLFK YHUEOD‰WHU RGHU
VWDUNDXIJHWUDJHQHUVFKZDU]HU7LQWHDQGHU5HVWHYRQ*ROGVWUHXVDQG
NOHEWHQ« (U ODV DXFK JDQ] ]XOHW]W LQ 3DSDV ZLQ]LJHU JHVFKZLQG
EHU GDV 3DSLHU HLOHQGHU 6FKULIW XQWHU GHQHQ VHLQHU (OWHUQ VHLQHQ
HLJHQHQ1DPHQ -XVWXV-RKDQQ.DVSDU JHE G  $SULO ±
ZDV LKP HLQLJHQ 6SD‰ PDFKWH ULFKWHWH VLFK GDQQ HLQ ZHQLJ DXI
QDKP PLW QDFKOlVVLJHQ %HZHJXQJHQ /LQHDO XQG )HGHU ]XU +DQG
OHJWHGDV/LQHDOXQWHUVHLQHQ1DPHQOLH‰VHLQH$XJHQQRFKHLQPDO
EHU GDV JDQ]H JHQHDORJLVFKH *HZLPPHO KLQJOHLWHQ XQG KLHUDXI
PLW VWLOOHU 0LHQH XQG JHGDQNHQORVHU 6RUJIDOW PHFKDQLVFK XQG
YHUWUlXPW ]RJ HU PLW GHU *ROGIHGHU HLQHQ VFK|QHQ VDXEHUHQ
'RSSHOVWULFKTXHUEHUGDVJDQ]H%ODWWKLQEHUGLHREHUH/LQLHHLQ
ZHQLJ VWlUNHU DOV GLH XQWHUH VR ZLH HU MHGH 6HLWH VHLQHV
5HFKHQKHIWHV YHU]LHUHQ PX‰WH« 'DQQ OHJWH HU HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN
SUIHQGGHQ.RSIDXIGLH6HLWHXQGZDQGWHVLFKDE
1DFK 7LVFKH ULHI GHU 6HQDWRU LKQ ]X VLFK XQG KHUUVFKWH LKQ PLW
]XVDPPHQJH]RJHQHQ %UDXHQ DQ ª:DV LVW GDV :RKHU NRPPW GDV
+DVWGXGDVJHWDQ"©
(UPX‰WHVLFKHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNEHVLQQHQREHUHVJHWDQKDEHXQG
GDQQVDJWHHUVFKFKWHUQXQGlQJVWOLFKª-D©


ª:DVKHL‰WGDV:DVILFKWGLFKDQ$QWZRUWH:LHNRPPVWGX]X
GHP 8QIXJ© ULHI GHU 6HQDWRU LQGHP HU PLW GHP OHLFKW
]XVDPPHQJHUROOWHQ+HIWDXI+DQQR¶V:DQJHVFKOXJ
8QGGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQ]XUFNZHLFKHQGVWDPPHOWHLQGHPHUPLW
GHU+DQGQDFKVHLQHU:DQJHIXKUª,FKJODXEWH«LFKJODXEWH«HV
NlPHQLFKWVPHKU«©

$FKWHV.DSLWHO

'RQQHUVWDJV ZHQQ GLH )DPLOLH XPJHEHQ YRQ GHQ UXKHYROO


OlFKHOQGHQ *|WWHUVWDWXHQ GHU 7DSHWH EHLP (VVHQ VD‰ JDE HV VHLW
NXU]HPHLQHQQHXHQVHKUHUQVWHQ*HVSUlFKVJHJHQVWDQGGHUDXIGHQ
*HVLFKWHUQ GHU 'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN DXV GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H GHQ
$XVGUXFN NDOWHU =XUFNKDOWXQJ LQ GHQ 0LHQHQ XQG *HVWHQ )UDX
3HUPDQHGHUV DEHU HLQH DX‰HURUGHQWOLFKH (UUHJXQJ KHUYRUULHI 6LH
VSUDFK]XUFNJHOHJWHQ+DXSWHVXQGLQGHPVLHEHLGH$UPH]XJOHLFK
YRUZlUWV RGHU QDFK REHQ VWUHFNWH PLW =RUQ PLW (QWUVWXQJ PLW
DXIULFKWLJHU WLHIJHIKOWHU (PS|UXQJ 6LH JLQJ YRQ GHP EHVRQGHUHQ
)DOOHXPGHQHVVLFKKDQGHOWH]XP$OOJHPHLQHQEHUVSUDFKEHU
VFKOHFKWH 0HQVFKHQ EHUKDXSW XQG OLH‰ XQWHUEURFKHQ YRQ GHP
WURFNHQHQ QHUY|VHQ 5lXVSHUQ GDV PLW LKUHU 0DJHQVFKZlFKH
]XVDPPHQKLQJ PLW HLQHU JHZLVVHQ .HKONRSIVWLPPH GLH LKU HLJHQ
ZDUZHQQVLH]UQWHNOHLQH7URPSHWHQVW|‰HGHV$EVFKHXVHUW|QHQ
GLHHWZDNODQJHQZLHª7UlQHQ7ULHVFKNH©
ª*UQOLFK©
ª3HUPDQHGHU ©« 'DV 6RQGHUEDUH DEHU ZDU GHU QHXH 5XI GHU
KLQ]XJHNRPPHQZDUXQGGHQVLHPLWXQEHVFKUHLEOLFKHU9HUDFKWXQJ
XQG*HKlVVLJNHLWKHUYRUEUDFKWH(UODXWHWHª'HU6WDDWVDQZDOW©
:HQQGDQQ'LUHNWRU+XJR:HLQVFKHQNYHUVSlWHWZLHLPPHUGHQQ
HU ZDU PLW *HVFKlIWHQ EHUKlXIW GHQ 6DDO EHWUDW XQG PLW
EDODQFLHUHQGHQ )lXVWHQ VLFK XQJHZ|KQOLFK OHEKDIW LQ GHU 7DLOOH
VHLQHV *HKURFNHV ZLHJHQG ]X VHLQHP 3ODW]H VFKULWW ZREHL VHLQH
8QWHUOLSSH XQWHU GHP VFKPDOHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW PLW NHFNHP $XVGUXFN


KLQDEKLQJ VR YHUVWXPPWH GDV *HVSUlFK VR ODJHUWH VLFK HLQH
SHLQOLFKHVFKZOH6WLOOHEHUGHU7DIHOELVGHU6HQDWRUDOOHQDXVGHU
9HUOHJHQKHLWKDOILQGHPHUJDQ]OHLFKWKLQXQGDOVKDQGOHHVVLFKXP
LUJHQGHLQ *HVFKlIW VLFK EHL GHP 'LUHNWRU QDFK GHP 6WDQGH GHU
$QJHOHJHQKHLW HUNXQGLJWH 8QG +XJR :HLQVFKHQN DQWZRUWHWH GLH
6DFKHQVWlQGHQVHKUJXWVLHVWlQGHQZLHGDVQLFKWDQGHUVP|JOLFK
VHLYRUWUHIIOLFK«ZRUDXIHUOHLFKWXQGIU|KOLFKYRQHWZDVDQGHUHP
VSUDFK (U ZDU YLHO DXIJHUlXPWHU DOV IUKHU OLH‰ VHLQH $XJHQ PLW
HLQHU JHZLVVHQ ZLOGHQ 8QEHIDQJHQKHLW XPKHUVFKZHLIHQ XQG IUDJWH
YLHOH0DOHRKQH$QWZRUW]XHUKDOWHQQDFKGHP%HILQGHQYRQ*HUGD
%XGGHQEURRNV *HLJH hEHUKDXSW SODXGHUWH HU YLHO XQG PXQWHU XQG
XQDQJHQHKP ZDU QXU GHU 8PVWDQGGD‰ HULQ VHLQHP )UHLPXW QLFKW
LPPHU JHQJHQG QDFK VHLQHQ:RUWHQ VDKXQG YRU EHUPl‰LJ JXWHU
/DXQHKLHXQGGD*HVFKLFKWHQYRUEUDFKWHGLHQLFKWJDQ]DP3ODW]H
ZDUHQ (LQH $QHNGRWH ]XP %HLVSLHO GLH HU HU]lKOWH KDQGHOWH YRQ
HLQHU $PPH ZHOFKH GLH *HVXQGKHLW GHV LKU DQYHUWUDXWHQ .LQGHV
GDGXUFK EHHLQWUlFKWLJW KDWWH GD‰ VLH DQ %OlKXQJHQ OLWW LQ HLQHU
:HLVH GLH HU RKQH =ZHLIHO IU KXPRULVWLVFK KLHOW DKPWH HU GHQ
+DXVDU]WQDFKGHUJHUXIHQKDWWHª:HUVWLQNWKLHUVR:HULVWHVGHU
KLHU VR VWLQNW© XQG VSlW RGHU QLH EHPHUNWH HU GD‰ VHLQH *DWWLQ
KHIWLJ HUU|WHW ZDU GD‰ GLH .RQVXOLQ 7KRPDV XQG *HUGD XQEHZHJW
GDVD‰HQGLH'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNGXUFKERKUHQGH%OLFNHWDXVFKWHQ
VHOEVW 5LHFNFKHQ 6HYHULQ DP XQWHUHQ 7LVFKHQGH EHOHLGLJW
GDUHLQEOLFNWHXQGK|FKVWHQVGHUDOWH.RQVXO.U|JHUOHLVHSUXVFKWH«
:DV ZDU HV PLW GHP 'LUHNWRU :HLQVFKHQN" 'LHVHU HUQVWH WlWLJH
XQGNHUQKDIWH0DQQGLHVHU0DQQGHUDEKROGDOOHU*HVHOOLJNHLWXQG
YRQ UDXKHU $X‰HQVHLWH PLW ]lKHU 3IOLFKWWUHXH QXU VHLQHU $UEHLW
]XJHWDQZDUGLHVHU0DQQVROOWHQLFKWHLQPDOQHLQZLHGHUKROWVLFK
HLQHV VFKZHUHQ )HKOWULWWHV VFKXOGLJ JHPDFKW KDEHQ MD HU ZDU
DQJHNODJW JHULFKWOLFK DQJHNODJW PHKUHUH 0DOH HLQ JHVFKlIWOLFKHV
0DQ|YHU DXVJHIKUW ]X KDEHQ GDV QLFKW IUDJZUGLJ VRQGHUQ
XQUHLQOLFKXQGYHUEUHFKHULVFK]XQHQQHQZDUXQGHLQ3UR]H‰GHVVHQ
$XVJDQJ QLFKW DE]XVHKHQ ZDU JHJHQ LKQ LP *DQJH  :DV ZXUGH
LKP ]XU /DVW JHOHJW  %UlQGH KDWWHQ DQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQ 2UWHQ
VWDWWJHIXQGHQ JU|‰HUH )HXHUVEUQVWH GLH GLH *HVHOOVFKDIW ZHOFKH
GHQ GDPLW %HWURIIHQHQ NRQWUDNWOLFK YHUEXQGHQ JHZHVHQ JUR‰H
6XPPHQ JHNRVWHW KDEHQ ZUGHQ 'LUHNWRU :HLQVFKHQN DEHU VROOWH


HUVWQDFKGHPHUGXUFKVHLQH$JHQWHQUDVFKHYHUWUDXOLFKH0LWWHLOXQJ
YRQ GHQ 8QJOFNVIlOOHQ HPSIDQJHQ DOVR EHZX‰W
EHWUJHULVFKHUZHLVH GLH 5FNYHUVLFKHUXQJHQ EHL HLQHU DQGHUHQ
*HVHOOVFKDIWYRUJHQRPPHQXQGGLHVHUVRGHQ6FKDGHQ]XJHVFKREHQ
KDEHQ 1XQ ODJ GLH 6DFKH LQ GHQ +lQGHQ GHV 6WDDWVDQZDOWHV GHV
6WDDWVDQZDOWHV 'RNWRU 0RULW] +DJHQVWU|P« ª7KRPDV© VDJWH GLH
.RQVXOLQ XQWHU YLHU $XJHQ ]X LKUHP 6RKQH ªLFK ELWWH GLFK   LFK
YHUVWHKHQLFKWV:DVVROOLFKYRQGHU6DFKHKDOWHQ©
8QG HU DQWZRUWHWH ª-D PHLQH OLHEH 0XWWHU« :DV Ol‰W VLFK GD
VDJHQ 'D‰ DOOHV JDQ] LQ 2UGQXQJ LVW PX‰ PDQ OHLGHU EH]ZHLIHOQ
$EHU GD‰ :HLQVFKHQN LQ GHP 8PIDQJH VFKXOGLJ LVW ZLH JHZLVVH
/HXWHHVZROOHQKDOWHLFKHEHQIDOOVIUXQZDKUVFKHLQOLFK(VJLEWLP
*HVFKlIWVOHEHQ PRGHUQHUHQ 6WLOHV HWZDV ZDV PDQ 8VDQFH QHQQW«
(LQH 8VDQFH YHUVWHKVW GX GDV LVW HLQ 0DQ|YHU GDV QLFKW JDQ]
HLQZDQGIUHL LVW VLFK QLFKW JDQ] PLW GHP JHVFKULHEHQHQ *HVHW]H
YHUWUlJW XQG IU GHQ /DLHQYHUVWDQG VFKRQ XQUHGOLFK DXVVLHKW GDV
DEHU GHQQRFK QDFK VWLOOVFKZHLJHQGHU hEHUHLQNXQIW LQ GHU
*HVFKlIWVZHOW JDQJ XQG JlEH LVW 'LH *UHQ]OLQLH ]ZLVFKHQ 8VDQFH
XQG 6FKOLPPHUHP LVW VHKU VFKZHU ]X ]LHKHQ« (LQHUOHL« :HQQ
:HLQVFKHQN VLFK YHUJDQJHQ KDW VR KDW HU HV K|FKVWZDKUVFKHLQOLFK
QLFKW lUJHU JHWULHEHQ DOV YLHOH VHLQHU .ROOHJHQ GLH XQJHVWUDIW
GDYRQJHNRPPHQ VLQG $EHU« IU HLQHQ JQVWLJHQ $XVJDQJ GHV
3UR]HVVHV VWHKH LFK GHVKDOE GXUFKDXV QLFKW 9LHOOHLFKW ZUGH HU LQ
HLQHU JUR‰HQ 6WDGW IUHLJHVSURFKHQ ZHUGHQ DEHU KLHU ZR DOOHV DXI
&OLTXHQZHVHQXQGSHUV|QOLFKH0RWLYHKLQDXVOlXIW«'DVKlWWHHUEHL
GHU:DKOVHLQHV9HUWHLGLJHUVEHVVHUEHGHQNHQVROOHQ:LUKDEHQKLHU
LQGHU6WDGWNHLQHQKHUYRUUDJHQGHQ$QZDOWNHLQHQHPLQHQWHQ.RSI
PLW EHUOHJHQHP XQG EHU]HXJHQGHP 5HGQHUWDOHQW GHU PLW DOOHQ
+XQGHQ JHKHW]W XQG LQ GHQ EHGHQNOLFKVWHQ 6DFKHQ YHUVLHUW ZlUH
'DIUDEHUKlQJHQXQVHUH+HUUHQ-XULVWHQXQWHUHLQDQGHU]XVDPPHQ
VLH VLQG HLQDQGHU YHUEXQGHQ GXUFK JHPHLQVDPH ,QWHUHVVHQ GXUFK
0LWWDJHVVHQ ZRP|JOLFK GXUFK 9HUZDQGWVFKDIW XQG KDEHQ
DXIHLQDQGHU 5FNVLFKW ]X QHKPHQ 0HLQHU $QVLFKW QDFK ZlUH HV
NOXJ JHZHVHQ ZHQQ :HLQVFKHQN HLQHQ KLHU DQVlVVLJHQ $GYRNDWHQ
JHQRPPHQ KlWWH $EHU ZDV KDW HU JHWDQ" (U KDW HV IU Q|WLJ
EHIXQGHQLFKVDJHIUQ|WLJEHIXQGHQXQGGDVJLEW]XOHW]WEHUVHLQ
JXWHV *HZLVVHQ ]X GHQNHQ  VLFK HLQHP 9HUWHLGLJHU DXV %HUOLQ ]X


YHUVFKUHLEHQ GHQ 'RNWRU %UHVODXHU HLQHQ UHFKWHQ 7HXIHOVEUDWHQ
HLQHQ JHULHEHQHQ 5HGQHU HLQHQ UDIILQLHUWHQ 5HFKWVYLUWXRVHQ GHP
GHU 5XKP YRUDQJHKW VRXQGVR YLHOHQ EHWUJHULVFKHQ %DQNHURWWLHUV
DP=XFKWKDXVYRUEHLJHKROIHQ]XKDEHQ'HUZLUGQXQRKQH=ZHLIHO
GLH 6DFKH JHJHQ HLQ VHKU JUR‰HV +RQRUDU PLW HEHQVR JUR‰HU
6FKODXKHLWIKUHQ«$EHUREGDVYRQ1XW]HQVHLQZLUG",FKVHKHHV
NRPPHQGD‰XQVHUHZDFNHUHQ5HFKWVJHOHKUWHQVLFKPLW+lQGHQXQG
)‰HQ GDJHJHQ VWUlXEHQ ZHUGHQ VLFK YRQ GHP IUHPGHQ +HUUQ
LPSRQLHUHQ ]X ODVVHQ XQG GD‰ GHU *HULFKWVKRI IU 'RNWRU
+DJHQVWU|PV 3ODLGR\HU HLQ VHKU YLHO ZLOOLJHUHV 2KU KDEHQ ZLUG«
8QG GLH =HXJHQ" :DV VHLQ HLJHQHV *HVFKlIWVSHUVRQDO EHWULIIW VR
JODXEH LFK QLFKW GD‰ HV LKP EHVRQGHUV OLHEHYROO ]XU 6HLWH VWHKHQ
ZLUG'DVZDVZLU:RKOZROOHQGHQXQGLFKJODXEHDXFKHUVHOEVW
VHLQH UDXKH $X‰HQVHLWH QHQQHQ KDW LKP QLFKW YLHOH )UHXQGH
JHPDFKW« .XU] 0XWWHU PLU DKQW $UJHV (V ZlUH MD VFKOLPP IU
(ULNDZHQQHVHLQ8QJOFNJlEHDEHUDPZHKHVWHQVROOWHHVPLUXP
7RQ\WXQ6LHKVWGXVLHKDWMDUHFKWZHQQVLHVDJWGD‰+DJHQVWU|P
GLH6DFKHPLW*HQXJWXXQJLQGLH+DQGJHQRPPHQKDW6LHJHKWXQV
DOOH DQ XQG HLQ VFKPlKOLFKHU $XVJDQJ ZUGH XQV LQVJHVDPW
EHWUHIIHQGHQQ:HLQVFKHQN JHK|UW HLQPDO ]XU )DPLOLH XQGVLW]W DQ
XQVHUHP7LVFKH:DVPLFKDQJHKWLFKNRPPHGDUEHUKLQZHJ,FK
ZHL‰ZLHLFKPLFK]XEHQHKPHQKDEH,FKPX‰LQGHUgIIHQWOLFKNHLW
GHU 6DFKH JDQ] IUHPG JHJHQEHUVWHKHQ GDUI QLFKW GLH
9HUKDQGOXQJHQ EHVXFKHQ ± REJOHLFK %UHVODXHU PLFK LQWHUHVVLHUHQ
ZUGH ± XQG GDUI PLFK VFKRQ XP PLFK YRU GHP 9RUZXUI
LUJHQGZHOFKHU %HHLQIOXVVXQJVJHOVWH ]X ZDKUHQ EHUKDXSW XP
QLFKWV EHNPPHUQ $EHU 7RQ\" ,FK PDJ QLFKW DXVGHQNHQ ZLH
WUDXULJHLQH9HUXUWHLOXQJIUVLHZlUH0DQPX‰K|UHQZLHDXVLKUHQ
ODXWHQ 3URWHVWHQ JHJHQ 9HUOHXPGXQJ XQG QHLGLVFKH ,QWULJHQ GLH
$QJVW KHUDXVNOLQJW« GLH $QJVW QDFK DOOHP 0DOKHXU GDV VLH
HUGXOGHW DXFK GLHVHU OHW]WHQ HKUHQYROOHQ 3RVLWLRQ GHV ZUGLJHQ
+DXVVWDQGHVLKUHU7RFKWHUQRFKYHUOXVWLJ]XJHKHQ$FKSD‰DXIVLH
ZLUGLPPHU ODXWHU:HLQVFKHQNV 8QVFKXOG EHWHXHUQ MH PHKU VLH ]X
=ZHLIHOQ GDUDQ JHGUlQJW ZHUGHQ ZLUG« $EHU HU NDQQ MD DXFK
XQVFKXOGLJ VHLQ JHZL‰ JDQ] XQVFKXOGLJ VHLQ« :LU PVVHQ HV
DEZDUWHQ0XWWHU XQG LKQ XQG 7RQ\ XQG (ULND WDNWYROO EHKDQGHOQ
$EHUPLUDKQWQLFKWV*XWHV«©


8QWHUVROFKHQ8PVWlQGHQNDPGLHVPDOGDV:HLKQDFKWVIHVWKHUDQ
XQGGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQYHUIROJWHPLW+LOIHGHV$EUHL‰NDOHQGHUVGHQ
,GDLKPDQJHIHUWLJWXQGDXIGHVVHQOHW]WHP%ODWWHHLQ7DQQHQEDXP
JH]HLFKQHW ZDU SRFKHQGHQ +HU]HQV GDV 1DKHQ GHU
XQYHUJOHLFKOLFKHQ=HLW
'LH9RU]HLFKHQPHKUWHQVLFK«6FKRQVHLWGHPHUVWHQ$GYHQWKLQJ
LQ *UR‰PDPDV (‰VDDO HLQ OHEHQVJUR‰HV EXQWHV %LOG GHV .QHFKW
5XSUHFKWDQGHU:DQG(LQHV0RUJHQVIDQG+DQQRVHLQH%HWWGHFNH
GLH %HWWYRUODJH XQG VHLQH .OHLGHU PLW NQLVWHUQGHP )OLWWHUJROG
EHVWUHXW 'DQQ ZHQLJH 7DJH VSlWHU QDFKPLWWDJV LP :RKQ]LPPHU
DOV3DSDPLWGHU=HLWXQJDXIGHU&KDLVHORQJXHODJXQG+DQQRJHUDGH
LQ *HURNV ¾3DOPEOlWWHUQ½ GDV *HGLFKW YRQ GHU +H[H ]X (QGRU ODV
ZXUGH ZLH DOOMlKUOLFK XQG GRFK DXFK GLHVPDO JDQ]
EHUUDVFKHQGHUZHLVHHLQªDOWHU0DQQ©JHPHOGHWZHOFKHUªQDFKGHP
.OHLQHQIUDJH©(UZXUGHKHUHLQJHEHWHQGLHVHUDOWH0DQQXQGNDP
VFKOUIHQGHQ 6FKULWWHV LQ HLQHP ODQJHQ 3HO]H GHVVHQ UDXKH 6HLWH
QDFK DX‰HQ JHNHKUW XQG GHU PLW )OLWWHUJROG XQG 6FKQHHIORFNHQ
EHVHW]W ZDU HEHQVROFKHU 0W]H VFKZDU]HQ =JHQ LP *HVLFKW XQG
HLQHP XQJHKHXUHQ ZHL‰HQ %DUWH GHU ZLH GLH EHUQDWUOLFK GLFNHQ
$XJHQEUDXHQ PLW JOLW]HUQGHU /DPHWWD GXUFKVHW]W ZDU (U HUNOlUWH
ZLH MHGHV -DKU PLW HKHUQHU 6WLPPH GD‰ GLHVHU 6DFN  DXI VHLQHU
OLQNHQ6FKXOWHUIUJXWH.LQGHUZHOFKHEHWHQN|QQWHQbSIHOXQG
JROGHQH1VVHHQWKDOWHGD‰DEHUDQGHUHUVHLWVGLHVH5XWHDXIVHLQHU
UHFKWHQ 6FKXOWHU  IU GLH E|VHQ .LQGHU EHVWLPPW VHL« (V ZDU
.QHFKW 5XSUHFKW 'DV KHL‰W QDWUOLFK QLFKW VR JDQ] XQG
YROONRPPHQ GHU HFKWH XQG LP *UXQGH YLHOOHLFKW EOR‰ %DUELHU
:HQ]HOLQ3DSDVJHZHQGHWHP3HO]DEHUVRZHLWHLQ.QHFKW5XSUHFKW
EHUKDXSW P|JOLFK ZDU HU GLHV XQG +DQQR VDJWH DXFK GLHVHV -DKU
ZLHGHUDXIULFKWLJHUVFKWWHUWXQGQXUHLQRGHU]ZHLPDOYRQHLQHP
QHUY|VHQ XQG KDOE XQEHZX‰WHQ $XIVFKOXFK]HQ XQWHUEURFKHQ VHLQ
9DWHUXQVHU KHU ZRUDXI HU HLQHQ *ULII LQ GHQ 6DFN IU GLH JXWHQ
.LQGHUWXQGXUIWHGHQGHUDOWH0DQQGDQQEHUKDXSWZLHGHUPLWVLFK
]XQHKPHQYHUJD‰«
(V VHW]WHQ GLH )HULHQ HLQ XQG GHU $XJHQEOLFN JLQJ ]LHPOLFK
JOFNOLFK YRUEHU GD 3DSD GDV =HXJQLV ODV GDV DXFK LQ GHU
:HLKQDFKWV]HLW QRWZHQGLJ DXVJHVWHOOW ZHUGHQ PX‰WH« 6FKRQ ZDU
GHU JUR‰H 6DDO JHKHLPQLVYROO YHUVFKORVVHQ VFKRQ ZDUHQ 0DU]LSDQ


XQG %UDXQH .XFKHQ DXI GHQ 7LVFK JHNRPPHQ VFKRQ ZDU HV
:HLKQDFKW GUDX‰HQ LQ GHU 6WDGW 6FKQHH ILHO HV NDP )URVW XQG LQ
GHUVFKDUIHQNODUHQ/XIWHUNODQJHQGXUFKGLH6WUD‰HQGLHJHOlXILJHQ
RGHU ZHKPWLJHQ 0HORGLHQ GHU LWDOLHQLVFKHQ 'UHKRUJHOPlQQHU GLH
PLW LKUHQ 6DPPHWMDFNHQ XQG VFKZDU]HQ 6FKQXUUElUWHQ ]XP )HVWH
KHUEHLJHNRPPHQ ZDUHQ ,Q GHQ 6FKDXIHQVWHUQ SUDQJWHQ GLH
:HLKQDFKWVDXVVWHOOXQJHQ 8P GHQ KRKHQ JRWLVFKHQ %UXQQHQ DXI
GHP 0DUNWSODW]H ZDUHQ GLH EXQWHQ %HOXVWLJXQJHQ GHV
:HLKQDFKWVPDUNWHV DXIJHVFKODJHQ 8QG ZR PDQ JLQJ DWPHWH PDQ
PLWGHP'XIWGHU]XP.DXIJHERWHQHQ7DQQHQElXPHGDV$URPDGHV
)HVWHVHLQ
'DQQ HQGOLFK NDP GHU $EHQG GHV  'H]HPEHUV KHUDQ XQG PLW
LKP GLH %HVFKHUXQJ LP 6DDOH ]X +DXV LQ GHU )LVFKHUJUXEH HLQH
%HVFKHUXQJLPHQJVWHQ.UHLVHGLHQXUHLQ$QIDQJHLQH(U|IIQXQJ
HLQ9RUVSLHOZDUGHQQGHQ+HLOLJHQ$EHQGKLHOWGLH.RQVXOLQIHVWLQ
%HVLW]XQG]ZDUIUGLHJDQ]H)DPLOLHVRGD‰DP6SlWQDFKPLWWDJH
GHV  GLH JHVDPWH 'RQQHUVWDJVWDIHOUXQGH XQG GD]X QRFK -UJHQ
.U|JHU DXV :LVPDU VRZLH 7KHUHVH :HLFKEURGW PLW 0DGDPH
.HWKHOVHQLP/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU]XVDPPHQWUDW
,Q VFKZHUHU JUDX XQG VFKZDU] JHVWUHLIWHU 6HLGH PLW JHU|WHWHQ
:DQJHQ XQG HUKLW]WHQ $XJHQ LQ HLQHP ]DUWHQ 'XIW YRQ 3DWVFKXK
HPSILQJ GLH DOWH 'DPH GLH QDFK XQG QDFK HLQWUHWHQGHQ *lVWH XQG
EHL GHQ ZRUWORVHQ 8PDUPXQJHQ NOLUUWHQ LKUH JROGHQHQ $UPElQGHU
OHLVH6LHZDULQXQDXVVSUHFKOLFKHUVWXPPHUXQG]LWWHUQGHU(UUHJXQJ
DQ GLHVHP $EHQG ª0HLQ *RWW GX ILHEHUVW MD 0XWWHU© VDJWH GHU
6HQDWRU DOV HU PLW *HUGD XQG +DQQR HLQWUDI« ª$OOHV NDQQ GRFK
JDQ]JHPWOLFKYRQVWDWWHQJHKHQ©$EHUVLHIOVWHUWHLQGHPVLHDOOH
GUHLN‰WHª=X-HVX(KUHQ8QGGDQQPHLQOLHEHUVHOLJHU-HDQ«©
,QGHU7DWGDVZHLKHYROOH3URJUDPPGDVGHUYHUVWRUEHQH.RQVXO
IU GLH )HLHUOLFKNHLW IHVWJHVHW]W KDWWH PX‰WH DXIUHFKWHUKDOWHQ
ZHUGHQ XQG GDV *HIKO LKUHU 9HUDQWZRUWXQJ IU GHQ ZUGLJHQ
9HUODXIGHV$EHQGVGHUYRQGHU6WLPPXQJHLQHUWLHIHQHUQVWHQXQG
LQEUQVWLJHQ)U|KOLFKNHLWHUIOOWVHLQPX‰WHWULHEVLHUDVWORVKLQXQG
KHU  YRQ GHU 6lXOHQKDOOH ZR VFKRQ GLH 0DULHQ&KRUNQDEHQ VLFK
YHUVDPPHOWHQLQGHQ(‰VDDOZR5LHFNFKHQ6HYHULQOHW]WH+DQGDQ
GHQ%DXPXQGGLH*HVFKHQNWDIHOOHJWHKLQDXVDXIGHQ.RUULGRUZR
VFKHX XQG YHUOHJHQ HLQLJH IUHPGH DOWH /HXWFKHQ XPKHUVWDQGHQ


+DXVDUPHGLHHEHQIDOOVDQGHU%HVFKHUXQJWHLOQHKPHQVROOWHQXQG
ZLHGHU LQV /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU ZR VLH PLW HLQHP VWXPPHQ
6HLWHQEOLFNMHGHVEHUIOVVLJH:RUWXQG*HUlXVFKVWUDIWH(VZDUVR
VWLOO GD‰ PDQ GLH .OlQJH HLQHU HQWIHUQWHQ 'UHKRUJHO YHUQDKP GLH
]DUW XQG NODU ZLH GLH HLQHU 6SLHOXKU DXV LUJHQGHLQHU EHVFKQHLWHQ
6WUD‰H GHQ :HJ KLHUKHU IDQGHQ 'HQQ REJOHLFK QXQ DQ ]ZDQ]LJ
0HQVFKHQLP=LPPHUVD‰HQXQGVWDQGHQZDUGLH5XKHJU|‰HUDOVLQ
HLQHU .LUFKH XQG GLH 6WLPPXQJ JHPDKQWH ZLH GHU 6HQDWRU JDQ]
YRUVLFKWLJ VHLQHP 2QNHO -XVWXV ]XIOVWHUWH HLQ ZHQLJ DQ GLH HLQHV
/HLFKHQEHJlQJQLVVHV
hEULJHQV ZDU NDXP *HIDKU YRUKDQGHQ GLHVH 6WLPPXQJ P|FKWH
GXUFK HLQHQ /DXW MXJHQGOLFKHQ hEHUPXWHV ]HUULVVHQ ZHUGHQ (LQ
%OLFN KlWWH JHQJW ]X EHPHUNHQ GD‰ IDVW DOOH *OLHGHU GHU KLHU
YHUVDPPHOWHQ )DPLOLH LQ HLQHP $OWHU VWDQGHQ LQ ZHOFKHP GLH
/HEHQVlX‰HUXQJHQ OlQJVW JHVHW]WH )RUPHQ DQJHQRPPHQ KDEHQ
6HQDWRU 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN GHVVHQ %OlVVH GHQ ZDFKHQ
HQHUJLVFKHQ XQG VRJDU KXPRULVWLVFKHQ $XVGUXFN VHLQHV *HVLFKWHV
/XJHQ VWUDIWH *HUGD VHLQH *DWWLQ ZHOFKH XQEHZHJOLFK LQ HLQHQ
6HVVHO ]XUFNJHOHKQW XQG GDV VFK|QH ZHL‰H *HVLFKW QDFK REHQ
JHZDQGW LKUH QDKH EHLHLQDQGHUOLHJHQGHQ EOlXOLFK XPVFKDWWHWHQ
VHOWVDP VFKLPPHUQGHQ $XJHQ YRQ GHQ IOLPPHUQGHQ *ODVSULVPHQ
GHV .URQOHXFKWHUV EDQQHQ OLH‰ VHLQH 6FKZHVWHU )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU
-UJHQ .U|JHU VHLQ &RXVLQ GHU VWLOOH VFKOLFKW JHNOHLGHWH %HDPWH
VHLQH &RXVLQHQ )ULHGHULNH +HQULHWWH XQG 3ILIIL YRQ GHQHQ GLH
EHLGHQ HUVWHUHQ QRFK PDJHUHU XQG OlQJHU JHZRUGHQ ZDUHQ XQG GLH
OHW]WHUHQRFKNOHLQHUXQGEHOHLEWHUHUVFKLHQDOVIUKHUGHQHQDEHUHLQ
VWHUHRW\SHU*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFNGXUFKDXVJHPHLQVDPZDUHLQVSLW]LJHV
XQGEHOZROOHQGHV/lFKHOQGDVJHJHQDOOH3HUVRQHQXQG'LQJHPLW
HLQHU DOOJHPHLQHQ PHGLVDQWHQ 6NHSVLV JHULFKWHW ZDU DOV VDJWHQ VLH
EHVWlQGLJ ¾:LUNOLFK" 'DV P|FKWHQ ZLU GHQQ GRFK IUV HUVWH QRFK
EH]ZHLIHOQ½« VFKOLH‰OLFK GLH DUPH DVFKJUDXH .ORWKLOGH GHUHQ
*HGDQNHQZRKOGLUHNWDXIGDV$EHQGHVVHQJHULFKWHWZDUHQ±VLHDOOH
KDWWHQGLH9LHU]LJEHUVFKULWWHQZlKUHQGGLH+DXVKHUULQPLWLKUHP
%UXGHU -XVWXV XQG VHLQHU )UDX JOHLFK GHU NOHLQHQ 7KHUHVH
:HLFKEURGW VFKRQ ]LHPOLFK ZHLW EHU GLH 6HFK]LJ KLQDXV ZDU XQG
GLH DOWH .RQVXOLQ %XGGHQEURRN JHERUHQH 6WZLQJ VRZLH GLH


JlQ]OLFK WDXEH 0DGDPH .HWKHOVHQ VLFK VFKRQ LQ GHQ 6LHE]LJHUQ
EHIDQGHQ
,Q GHU %OWHLKUHU-XJHQG VWDQG HLJHQWOLFK QXU (ULND :HLQVFKHQN
DEHUZHQQLKUHKHOOEODXHQ$XJHQGLH$XJHQ+HUUQ*UQOLFKV ]X
LKUHP0DQQHGHP'LUHNWRUKLQEHUJOLWWHQGHVVHQJHVFKRUHQHUDQ
GHQ6FKOlIHQHUJUDXWHU.RSIPLWGHPVFKPDOHQLQGLH0XQGZLQNHO
KLQHLQJHZDFKVHQHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW VLFK GRUW QHEHQ GHP 6RID YRQ GHU
LG\OOLVFKHQ7DSHWHQODQGVFKDIWDEKREVRNRQQWHPDQEHPHUNHQGD‰
LKUYROOHU%XVHQVLFKLQODXWORVHPDEHUVFKZHUHP$WHP]XJHKRE«
bQJVWOLFKHXQGZLUUH*HGDQNHQDQ8VDQFHQ%XFKIKUXQJ=HXJHQ
6WDDWVDQZDOW9HUWHLGLJHUXQG5LFKWHUPRFKWHQVLHEHGUlQJHQMDHV
ZDU ZRKO NHLQHU LP =LPPHU GHP GLHVH XQZHLKQDFKWKFKHQ
*HGDQNHQ QLFKW LP 6LQQH JHOHJHQ KlWWHQ 'HU DQJHNODJWH =XVWDQG
YRQ )UDX 3HUPDQHGHUV 6FKZLHJHUVRKQ GDV %HZX‰WVHLQ GHU
JHVDPWHQ )DPLOLH YRQ GHU *HJHQZDUW HLQHV 0LWJOLHGHV GDV HLQHV
9HUEUHFKHQV JHJHQ GLH *HVHW]H GLH EUJHUOLFKH 2UGQXQJ XQG GLH
JHVFKlIWOLFKH (KUHQKDIWLJNHLW JH]LHKHQ XQG YLHOOHLFKW GHU 6FKDQGH
XQG GHP *HIlQJQLV YHUIDOOHQ ZDU JDE GHU 9HUVDPPOXQJ HLQ
YROOVWlQGLJ IUHPGHV XQJHKHXHUOLFKHV *HSUlJH (LQ
:HLKQDFKWVDEHQGGHU)DPLOLH%XGGHQEURRNPLWHLQHP$QJHNODJWHQ
LQLKUHU0LWWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHUOHKQWHVLFKPLWVWUHQJHUHU0DMHVWlW
LQLKUHQ6HVVHO]XUFNGDV/lFKHOQGHU'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNDXVGHU
%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HZDUGXPQRFKHLQH1XDQFHVSLW]LJHU«
8QGGLH.LQGHU"'HUHLQZHQLJVSlUOLFKH1DFKZXFKV":DUDXFKHU
IU GDV OHLV 6FKDXHUOLFKH GLHVHV VR JDQ] QHXHQ XQG XQJHNDQQWHQ
8PVWDQGHVHPSIlQJOLFK":DVGLHNOHLQH(OLVDEHWKEHWUDIVRZDUHV
XQP|JOLFK EHU LKUHQ *HPWV]XVWDQG ]X XUWHLOHQ ,Q HLQHP
.OHLGFKHQ DQ GHVVHQ UHLFKOLFKHU *DUQLWXU PLW $WODVVFKOHLIHQ PDQ
)UDX3HUPDQHGHUV*HVFKPDFNHUNDQQWHVD‰GDV.LQGDXIGHP$UP
VHLQHU%RQQHKLHOWVHLQH'DXPHQLQGLHZLQ]LJHQ)lXVWHJHNOHPPW
VRJDQVHLQHU=XQJHEOLFNWHPLWHWZDVKHUYRUWUHWHQGHQ$XJHQVWDUU
YRUVLFKKLQXQGOLH‰GDQQXQGZDQQHLQHQNXU]HQNQDUUHQGHQ/DXW
YHUQHKPHQ ZRUDXI GDV 0lGFKHQ HV HLQ ZHQLJ VFKDXNHOQ OLH‰
+DQQRDEHUVD‰VWLOODXIVHLQHP6FKHPHO]XGHQ)‰HQVHLQHU0XWWHU
XQG EOLFNWH JHUDGH ZLH VLH ]X HLQHP 3ULVPD GHV .URQOHXFKWHUV
HPSRU«


&KULVWLDQ IHKOWH :R ZDU &KULVWLDQ" (UVW MHW]W LP OHW]WHQ
$XJHQEOLFN EHPHUNWH PDQ GD‰ HU QRFK QLFKW DQZHVHQG VHL 'LH
%HZHJXQJHQGHU.RQVXOLQGLHHLJHQWPOLFKH0DQLSXODWLRQPLWGHU
VLH YRP 0XQGZLQNHO ]XU )ULVXU KLQDXI]XVWUHLFKHQ SIOHJWH DOV
EUlFKWHVLHHLQKLQDEJHIDOOHQHV+DDUDQVHLQH6WHOOH]XUFNZXUGHQ
QRFK ILHEHUKDIWHU« 6LH LQVWUXLHUWH HLOLJ 0DPVHOO 6HYHULQ XQG GLH
-XQJIHUEHJDEVLFKDQGHQ&KRUNQDEHQYRUEHLGXUFKGLH6lXOHQKDOOH
]ZLVFKHQGHQ+DXVDUPHQKLQEHUGHQ.RUULGRUXQGSRFKWHDQ+HUUQ
%XGGHQEURRNV7U
*OHLFK GDUDXI HUVFKLHQ &KULVWLDQ (U NDP PLW VHLQHQ PDJHUHQ
NUXPPHQ%HLQHQGLHVHLWGHP*HOHQNUKHXPDWLVPXVHWZDVODKPWHQ
JDQ] JHPlFKOLFK LQV /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU LQGHP HU VLFK PLW GHU
+DQG GLH NDKOH 6WLUQHULHE ª'RQQHUZHWWHU.LQGHU© VDJWH HU ªGDV
KlWWHLFKEHLQDKHYHUJHVVHQ©
ª'X KlWWHVW HV«© ZLHGHUKROWH VHLQH 0XWWHU XQG HUVWDUUWH« ª-D
EHLQDK YHUJHVVHQ GD‰ KHXW¶ :HLKQDFKW LVW« ,FK VD‰ XQG ODV« LQ
HLQHP %XFK HLQHP 5HLVHEXFK EHU 6GDPHULND« 'X OLHEHU *RWW
LFK KDEH VFKRQ DQGHUH :HLKQDFKWHQ JHKDEW«© IJWH HU KLQ]X XQG
ZDU VRHEHQ LP %HJULII PLW GHU (U]lKOXQJ YRQ HLQHP +HLOLJHQ
$EHQGDQ]XIDQJHQGHQHU]X/RQGRQLQHLQHP7LQJHOWDQJHOIQIWHU
2UGQXQJ YHUOHEW DOV SO|W]OLFK GLH LP =LPPHU KHUUVFKHQGH
.LUFKHQVWLOOH DXI LKQ ]X ZLUNHQ EHJDQQ VR GD‰ HU PLW
NUDXVJH]RJHQHU 1DVH XQG DXI GHQ =HKHQVSLW]HQ ]X VHLQHP 3ODW]H
JLQJ ª7RFKWHU =LRQIUHXH GLFK© VDQJHQ GLH &KRUNQDEHQ XQG VLH
GLH HEHQ QRFK GD GUDX‰HQ VR K|UEDUH $OORWULD JHWULHEHQ GD‰ GHU
6HQDWRUVLFKHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNDQGLH7UKDWWHVWHOOHQ PVVHQ XP
LKQHQ 5HVSHNW HLQ]XIO|‰HQ  VLH VDQJHQ QXQ JDQ] ZXQGHUVFK|Q
'LHVHKHOOHQ6WLPPHQGLHVLFKJHWUDJHQYRQGHQWLHIHUHQ2UJDQHQ
UHLQMXEHOQGXQGORESUHLVHQGDXIVFKZDQJHQ]RJHQDOOHU+HU]HQPLW
VLFKHPSRUOLH‰HQGDV/lFKHOQGHUDOWHQ-XQJIHUQPLOGHUZHUGHQXQG
PDFKWHQ GD‰ GLH DOWHQ /HXWH LQ VLFK KLQHLQVDKHQ XQG LKU /HEHQ
EHUGDFKWHQ ZlKUHQG GLH ZHOFKH PLWWHQ LP /HEHQ VWDQGHQ HLQ
:HLOFKHQLKUHU6RUJHQYHUJD‰HQ
+DQQR OLH‰ VHLQ .QLH ORV GDV HU ELVODQJ XPVFKOXQJHQ JHKDOWHQ
KDWWH(UVDKJDQ]EOD‰DXVVSLHOWHPLWGHQ)UDQVHQVHLQHV6FKHPHOV
XQG VFKHXHUWH VHLQH =XQJH DQ HLQHP =DKQ PLW KDOEJH|IIQHWHP
0XQGHXQGHLQHP*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFNDOVIU|UH LKQ 'DQQ XQG ZDQQ


HPSIDQG HU GDV %HGUIQLV WLHI DXI]XDWPHQ GHQQ MHW]W GD GHU
*HVDQJGLHVHUJORFNHQUHLQH$FDSHOOD*HVDQJGLH/XIWHUIOOWH]RJ
VHLQ +HU] VLFK LQ HLQHP IDVW VFKPHU]KDIWHQ *OFN ]XVDPPHQ
:HLKQDFKWHQ« 'XUFK GLH 6SDOWHQ GHU KRKHQ ZHL‰ODFNLHUWHQ QRFK
IHVWJHVFKORVVHQHQ)OJHOWUGUDQJGHU7DQQHQGXIWXQGHUZHFNWHPLW
VHLQHU V‰HQ :U]H GLH 9RUVWHOOXQJ GHU :XQGHU GRUW GULQQHQ LP
6DDOHGLHPDQMHGHV-DKU DXIVQHXH PLW SRFKHQGHQ 3XOVHQ DOV HLQH
XQID‰EDUHXQLUGLVFKH3UDFKWHUKDUUWH«:DVZUGHGRUWGULQQHQIU
LKQ VHLQ" 'DV ZDV HU VLFK JHZQVFKW KDWWH QDWUOLFK GHQQ GDV
EHNDP PDQ RKQH )UDJH JHVHW]W GD‰ HV HLQHP QLFKW DOV HLQH
8QP|JOLFKNHLW ]XYRU VFKRQ DXVJHUHGHW ZRUGHQ ZDU 'DV 7KHDWHU
ZUGH LKP JOHLFK LQ GLH $XJHQ VSULQJHQ XQG LKP GHQ :HJ ]X
VHLQHP3ODW]HZHLVHQPVVHQGDVHUVHKQWH3XSSHQWKHDWHUGDVGHP
:XQVFK]HWWHO IU *UR‰PDPD VWDUN XQWHUVWULFKHQ ]X +lXSWHQ
JHVWDQGHQ KDWWH XQG GDV VHLW GHP ¾)LGHOLR½ EHLQDKH VHLQ HLQ]LJHU
*HGDQNHJHZHVHQZDU
-DDOV(QWVFKlGLJXQJXQG%HORKQXQJIUHLQHQ %HVXFK EHL +HUUQ
%UHFKW KDWWH +DQQR NU]OLFK ]XP HUVWHQ0DOH GDV 7KHDWHU EHVXFKW
GDV 6WDGWWKHDWHU ZRHULP HUVWHQ 5DQJH DQ GHU 6HLWH VHLQHU 0XWWHU
DWHPORV GHQ .OlQJHQ XQG 9RUJlQJHQ GHV ¾)LGHOLR½ KDWWH IROJHQ
GUIHQ 6HLWGHP WUlXPWH HU QLFKWV DOV 2SHUQV]HQHQ XQG HLQH
/HLGHQVFKDIWIUGLH%KQHHUIOOWHLKQGLHLKQNDXPVFKODIHQOLH‰
0LW XQDXVVSUHFKOLFKHP 1HLGH EHWUDFKWHWH HU DXI GHU 6WUD‰H GLH
/HXWH GLH ZLH MD DXFK VHLQ 2QNHO &KULVWLDQ DOV 7KHDWHUKDELWXHV
EHNDQQWZDUHQ.RQVXO'|KOPDQQ0DNOHU*|VFK«:DUGDV*OFN
HUWUDJEDU ZLH VLH IDVW MHGHQ $EHQG GRUW DQZHVHQG VHLQ ]X GUIHQ"
.|QQWH HU QXU HLQPDO LQ GHU :RFKH YRU %HJLQQ GHU $XIIKUXQJ
HLQHQ%OLFNLQGHQ6DDOWXQGDV6WLPPHQGHU,QVWUXPHQWHK|UHQXQG
HLQZHQLJGHQJHVFKORVVHQHQ9RUKDQJDQVHKHQ'HQQHUOLHEWHDOOHV
LP7KHDWHUGHQ*DVJHUXFKGLH6LW]HGLH0XVLNHUGHQ9RUKDQJ«
:LUGVHLQ3XSSHQWKHDWHUJUR‰VHLQ"*UR‰XQGEUHLW":LHZLUGGHU
9RUKDQJ DXVVHKHQ" 0DQ PX‰ EDOGP|JOLFKVW HLQ NOHLQHV /RFK
KLQHLQVFKQHLGHQ GHQQ DXFK LP 9RUKDQJ GHV 6WDGWWKHDWHUV ZDU HLQ
*XFNORFK« 2E *UR‰PDPD RGHU 0DPVHOO 6HYHULQ  GHQQ
*UR‰PDPD NRQQWH QLFKW DOOHV EHVRUJHQ  GLH Q|WLJHQ 'HNRUDWLRQHQ
]XP¾)LGHOLR½JHIXQGHQKDWWH"*OHLFKPRUJHQZLUGHUVLFKLUJHQGZR
HLQVFKOLH‰HQ XQG JDQ] DOOHLQ HLQH 9RUVWHOOXQJ JHEHQ« 8QG VFKRQ


OLH‰ HU VHLQH )LJXUHQ LP *HLVWH VLQJHQ GHQQ GLH 0XVLN KDWWH VLFK
LKPPLWGHP7KHDWHUVRIRUWDXIVHQJVWHYHUEXQGHQ«
ª-DXFK]H ODXW -HUXVDOHP© VFKORVVHQ GLH &KRUNQDEHQ XQG GLH
6WLPPHQGLHIXJHQDUWLJ QHEHQHLQDQGHU KHUJHJDQJHQ ZDUHQIDQGHQ
VLFKLQGHUOHW]WHQ6LOEHIULHGOLFKXQGIUHXGLJ]XVDPPHQ'HU NODUH
$NNRUG YHUKDOOWH XQG WLHIH 6WLOOH OHJWH VLFK EHU 6lXOHQKDOOH XQG
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU 'LH 0LWJOLHGHU GHU )DPLOLH EOLFNWHQ XQWHU GHP
'UXFNHGHU3DXVHYRUVLFKQLHGHUQXU'LUHNWRU:HLQVFKHQNV$XJHQ
VFKZHLIWHQ NHFN XQG XQEHIDQJHQ XPKHU XQG )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU OLH‰
LKU WURFNQHV 5lXVSHUQ YHUQHKPHQ GDV XQXQWHUGUXFNEDU ZDU 'LH
.RQVXOLQ DEHU VFKULWW ODQJVDP ]XP 7LVFKH XQG VHW]WH VLFK LQPLWWHQ
LKUHU$QJHK|ULJHQDXIGDV6RIDGDVQXQQLFKWPHKUZLHLQDOWHU=HLW
XQDEKlQJLJ XQG DEJHVRQGHUW YRP 7LVFKH GDVWDQG 6LH UFNWH GLH
/DPSH ]XUHFKW XQG ]RJ GLH JUR‰H %LEHO KHUDQ GHUHQ DOWHUVEOHLFKH
*ROGVFKQLWWIOlFKHXQJHKHXHUOLFKEUHLWZDU'DQQVFKREVLHGLH%ULOOH
DXI GLH 1DVH |IIQHWH GLH EHLGHQ OHGHUQHQ 6SDQJHQ PLW GHQHQ GDV
NRORVVDOH %XFK JHVFKORVVHQ ZDU VFKOXJ GRUW DXI ZR GDV =HLFKHQ
ODJ GD‰ GDV GLFNH UDXKH JHOEOLFKH 3DSLHU PLW GHP EHUJUR‰HQ
'UXFN]XP9RUVFKHLQNDPQDKPHLQHQ6FKOXFN=XFNHUZDVVHUXQG
EHJDQQGDV:HLKQDFKWVNDSLWHO]XOHVHQ
6LH ODV GLH DOWYHUWUDXWHQ :RUWH ODQJVDP XQG PLW HLQIDFKHU ]X
+HU]HQJHKHQGHU%HWRQXQJPLWHLQHU6WLPPHGLHVLFKNODUEHZHJW
XQGKHLWHUYRQGHUDQGlFKWLJHQ6WLOOHDEKREª8QGGHQ0HQVFKHQHLQ
:RKOJHIDOOHQ©VDJWHVLH.DXPDEHUVFKZLHJVLHVRHUNODQJLQGHU
6lXOHQKDOOHGUHLVWLPPLJGDVª6WLOOH1DFKWKHLOLJH1DFKW©LQGDVGLH
)DPLOLH LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU HLQVWLPPWH 0DQ JLQJ HLQ ZHQLJ
YRUVLFKWLJ]X:HUNHGDEHLGHQQGLHPHLVWHQGHU$QZHVHQGHQZDUHQ
XQPXVLNDOLVFKXQGKLHXQGGDYHUQDKPPDQLQGHP(QVHPEOHHLQHQ
WLHIHQXQGJDQ]XQJHK|ULJHQ7RQ$EHUGDVEHHLQWUlFKWLJWHQLFKWGLH
:LUNXQJ GLHVHV /LHGHV )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU VDQJ HV PLW EHEHQGHQ
/LSSHQ GHQQ DP V‰HVWHQ XQG VFKPHU]OLFKVWHQ UKUW HV DQ GHVVHQ
+HU]GHUHLQEHZHJWHV/HEHQKLQWHUVLFKKDWXQGLPNXU]HQ)ULHGHQ
GHU)HLHUVWXQGH5FNEOLFNKlOW0DGDPH.HWKHOVHQZHLQWHVWLOOXQG
ELWWHUOLFKREJOHLFKVLHYRQDOOHPIDVWQLFKWVYHUQDKP
8QG GDQQ HUKRE VLFK GLH .RQVXOLQ 6LH HUJULII GLH +DQG LKUHV
(QNHOV -RKDQQ XQG GLH LKUHU 8UHQNHOLQ (OLVDEHWK XQG VFKULWW GXUFK
GDV=LPPHU'LHDOWHQ+HUUVFKDIWHQVFKORVVHQVLFKDQGLHMQJHUHQ


IROJWHQ LQ GHU 6lXOHQKDOOH JHVHOOWHQ VLFK GLH 'LHQVWERWHQ XQG GLH
+DXVDUPHQ KLQ]X XQG ZlKUHQG DOOHV HLQPWLJ ª2 7DQQHEDXP©
DQVWLPPWH XQG 2QNHO &KULVWLDQ YRUQ GLH .LQGHU ]XP /DFKHQ
EUDFKWH LQGHP HU EHLP 0DUVFKLHUHQ GLH %HLQH KRE ZLH HLQ
+DPSHOPDQQXQGDOEHUQHUZHLVHª27DQWHEDXP©VDQJ]RJPDQPLW
JHEOHQGHWHQ $XJHQ XQG HLQHP /lFKHOQ DXI GHP *HVLFKW GXUFK GLH
ZHLWJH|IIQHWHKRKH)OJHOWUGLUHNWLQGHQ+LPPHOKLQHLQ
'HUJDQ]H6DDOHUIOOWYRQGHP'XIWHDQJHVHQJWHU7DQQHQ]ZHLJH
OHXFKWHWH XQG JOLW]HUWH YRQ XQ]lKOLJHQ NOHLQHQ )ODPPHQ XQG GDV
+LPPHOEODX GHU 7DSHWH PLW LKUHQ ZHL‰HQ *|WWHUVWDWXHQ OLH‰ GHQ
JUR‰HQ 5DXP QRFK KHOOHU HUVFKHLQHQ 'LH )OlPPFKHQ GHU .HU]HQ
GLH GRUW KLQWHQ ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ GXQNHOURW YHUKlQJWHQ )HQVWHUQ GHQ
JHZDOWLJHQ 7DQQHQEDXP EHGHFNWHQ ZHOFKHU JHVFKPFNW PLW
6LOEHUIOLWWHUQXQGJUR‰HQZHL‰HQ/LOLHQHLQHQVFKLPPHUQGHQ(QJHO
DQ VHLQHU 6SLW]H XQG HLQ SODVWLVFKHV .ULSSHQDUUDQJHPHQW ]X VHLQHQ
)X‰HQIDVWELV]XU'HFNHHPSRUUDJWHIOLPPHUWHQLQGHUDOOJHPHLQHQ
/LFKWIOXW ZLH IHUQH 6WHUQH 'HQQ DXI GHU ZHL‰JHGHFNWHQ 7DIHO GLH
VLFKODQJXQGEUHLWPLWGHQ*HVFKHQNHQEHODGHQYRQGHQ)HQVWHUQ
IDVWELV]XU7UH]RJ VHW]WH VLFKHLQH 5HLKH NOHLQHUHU PLW .RQIHNW
EHKlQJWHU%DXPHIRUWGLHHEHQIDOOVYRQEUHQQHQGHQ:DFKVOLFKWHUQ
HUVWUDKOWHQ 8QG HV EUDQQWHQ GLH *DVDUPH GLH DXV GHQ :lQGHQ
KHUYRUNDPHQ XQG HV EUDQQWHQ GLH GLFNHQ .HU]HQ DXI GHQ
YHUJROGHWHQ.DQGHODEHUQLQDOOHQYLHU:LQNHOQ*UR‰H*HJHQVWlQGH
*HVFKHQNH GLH DXI GHU 7DIHO QLFKW 3ODW] KDWWHQ VWDQGHQ
QHEHQHLQDQGHU DXI GHP )X‰ERGHQ .OHLQHUH 7LVFKH HEHQIDOOV ZHL‰
JHGHFNW PLW *DEHQ EHOHJW XQG PLW EUHQQHQGHQ %lXPFKHQ
JHVFKPFNW EHIDQGHQ VLFK ]X GHQ 6HLWHQ GHU EHLGHQ 7UHQ 'DV
ZDUHQGLH%HVFKHUXQJHQGHU'LHQVWERWHQXQGGHU+DXVDUPHQ
6LQJHQGJHEOHQGHWXQGGHPDOWYHUWUDXWHQ5lXPHJDQ]HQWIUHPGHW
XPVFKULWW PDQ HLQPDO GHQ 6DDO GHILOLHUWH DQ GHU .ULSSH YRUEHL LQ
GHUHLQZlFKVHUQHV-HVXVNLQGGDV.UHX]HV]HLFKHQ]XPDFKHQVFKLHQ
XQGEOLHEGDQQQDFKGHP PDQ%OLFNIUGLHHLQ]HOQHQ*HJHQVWlQGH
EHNRPPHQKDWWHYHUVWXPPHQGDQVHLQHP3ODW]HVWHKHQ
+DQQR ZDU YROOVWlQGLJ YHUZLUUW %DOG QDFK GHP (LQWULWW KDWWHQ
VHLQHILHEHUKDIWVXFKHQGHQ$XJHQGDV7KHDWHUHUEOLFNWHLQ7KHDWHU
GDV ZLH HV GRUW REHQ DXI GHP 7LVFKH SUDQJWH YRQ VR H[WUHPHU
*U|‰H XQG %UHLWH HUVFKLHQ ZLH HU HV VLFK YRU]XVWHOOHQ QLHPDOV


HUNKQW KlWWH $EHU VHLQ 3ODW] KDWWH JHZHFKVHOW HU EHIDQG VLFK DQ
HLQHU GHU YRUMlKULJHQ HQWJHJHQJHVHW]WHQ 6WHOOH XQG GLHV EHZLUNWH
GD‰ +DQQRLQ VHLQHU9HUEOIIXQJ HUQVWOLFK GDUDQ ]ZHLIHOWH RE GLHV
IDEHOKDIWH 7KHDWHU IU LKQ EHVWLPPW VHL +LQ]X NDP GD‰ ]X GHQ
)‰HQ GHU %KQH DXI GHP %RGHQ HWZDV *UR‰HV )UHPGHV
DXIJHVWHOOWZDUHWZDVZDVQLFKWDXIVHLQHP:XQVFK]HWWHOJHVWDQGHQ
KDWWHHLQ0|EHOHLQNRPPRGHQDUWLJHU *HJHQVWDQG ZDUHUIULKQ"
ª.RPP KHU .LQG XQG VLHK GLU GLHV DQ© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ XQG
|IIQHWH GHQ 'HFNHO ª,FK ZHL‰ GX VSLHOVW JHUQ &KRUDOH +HUU 3IXKO
ZLUG GLU GLH Q|WLJHQ $QZHLVXQJHQ JHEHQ 0DQ PX‰ LPPHU WUHWHQ
PDQFKPDO VFKZDFKHU XQG PDQFKPDO VWlUNHU XQG GDQQ GLH +lQGH
QLFKW DXIKHEHQ VRQGHUQ LPPHU QXU VR SHX l SHX GLH )LQJHU
ZHFKVHOQ©
(V ZDU HLQ +DUPRQLXP HLQ NOHLQHV KEVFKHV +DUPRQLXP EUDXQ
SROLHUW PLW 0HWDOOJULIIHQ DQ EHLGHQ 6HLWHQ EXQWHQ 7UHWEDOJHQ XQG
HLQHP]LHUOLFKHQ'UHKVHVVHO+DQQRJULIIHLQHQ$NNRUGHLQVDQIWHU
2UJHONODQJ O|VWH VLFK ORV XQG OLH‰ GLH 8PVWHKHQGHQ YRQ LKUHQ
*HVFKHQNHQ DXIEOLFNHQ +DQQR XPDUPWH VHLQH *UR‰PXWWHU GLH LKQ
]lUWOLFKDQVLFKSUH‰WHXQGLKQGDQQYHUOLH‰XPGLH'DQNVDJXQJHQ
GHUDQGHUHQHQWJHJHQ]XQHKPHQ
(U ZDQGWH VLFK GHP 7KHDWHU ]X 'DV +DUPRQLXP ZDU HLQ
EHUZlOWLJHQGHU 7UDXP DEHU HU KDWWH GRFK IUV HUVWH QRFK NHLQH
=HLW VLFK QlKHU GDPLW ]X EHVFKlIWLJHQ (V ZDU GHU hEHUIOX‰ GHV
*OFNHV LQ GHP PDQ XQGDQNEDU JHJHQ GDV HLQ]HOQH DOOHV QXU
IOFKWLJ EHUKUW XP HUVW HLQPDO GDV *DQ]H EHUVHKHQ ]X OHUQHQ«
2K HLQ 6RXIIOHXUNDVWHQ ZDU GD HLQ PXVFKHOIRUPLJHU
6RXIIOHXUNDVWHQKLQWHUGHPEUHLWXQGPDMHVWlWLVFKLQ5RWXQG*ROG
GHU 9RUKDQJ HPSRUUROOWH $XI GHU %KQH ZDU GLH 'HNRUDWLRQ GHV
OHW]WHQ)LGHOLR$NWHVDXIJHVWHOOW'LHDUPHQ*HIDQJHQHQIDOWHWHQGLH
+lQGH 'RQ 3L]DUUR PLW JHZDOWLJ JHSXIIWHQ bUPHOQ YHUKDUUWH
LUJHQGZR LQ IUFKWHUOLFKHU $WWLWGH 8QG YRQ KLQWHQ QDKWH LP
*HVFKZLQGVFKULWWXQGJDQ]LQVFKZDU]HP6DPPHWGHU0LQLVWHUXP
DOOHV]XPEHVWHQ]XNHKUHQ(VZDUZLHLP6WDGWWKHDWHUXQGEHLQDKH
QRFK VFK|QHU ,Q +DQQR¶V 2KUHQ ZLGHUKDOOWH GHU -XEHOFKRU GDV
)LQDOH XQG HU VHW]WH VLFK YRU GDV +DUPRQLXP XP HLQ 6WFNFKHQ
GDUDXVGDVHUEHKDOWHQ]XP(UNOLQJHQ]XEULQJHQ« $EHU HU VWDQG
ZLHGHUDXIXPGDV%XFK]XU+DQG]XQHKPHQGDVHUZQVFKWH%XFK


GHU JULHFKLVFKHQ 0\WKRORJLH GDV JDQ] URW JHEXQGHQ ZDU XQG HLQH
JROGHQH3DOODV$WKHQHDXIGHP'HFNHOWUXJ(UD‰YRQVHLQHP7HOOHU
PLW.RQIHNW0DU]LSDQXQG%UDXQHQ.XFKHQPXVWHUWHGLHNOHLQHUHQ
'LQJH GLH 6FKUHLEXWHQVLOLHQ XQG 6FKXOKHIWH XQG YHUJD‰ HLQHQ
$XJHQEOLFN DOOHV EULJH EHU HLQHP )HGHUKDOWHU DQ GHP VLFK
LUJHQGZRHLQZLQ]LJHV*ODVN|UQFKHQEHIDQGGDVPDQQXUYRUV$XJH
]X KDOWHQ EUDXFKWH XP ZLH GXUFK =DXEHUVSLHO HLQH ZHLWH
6FKZHL]HUODQGVFKDIWYRUVLFK]XVHKHQ«
-HW]W JLQJHQ 0DPVHOO 6HYHULQ XQG GDV )ROJPlGFKHQ PLW 7HH XQG
%LVNXLWV XPKHU XQG ZlKUHQG +DQQR HLQWDXFKWH IDQG HU HLQ ZHQLJ
0X‰HYRQVHLQHP3ODW]HDXI]XVHKHQ0DQVWDQGDQGHU7DIHO RGHU
JLQJ GDUDQ KLQ XQG KHU SODXGHUWH XQG ODFKWH LQGHP PDQ HLQDQGHU
GLH *HVFKHQNH ]HLJWH XQG GLH GHV DQGHUHQ EHZXQGHUWH (V JDE GD
*HJHQVWlQGHDXVDOOHQ6WRIIHQDXV3RU]HOODQDXV1LFNHODXV6LOEHU
DXV *ROG DXV +RO] 6HLGH XQG 7XFK *UR‰H PLW 0DQGHOQ XQG
6XNNDGH V\PPHWULVFK EHVHW]WH %UDXQH .XFKHQ ODJHQ DEZHFKVHOQG
PLW PDVVLYHQ 0DU]LSDQEURWHQ GLH LQQHQ QD‰ ZDUHQ YRU )ULVFKH LQ
ODQJHU 5HLKH DXI GHP 7LVFKH 'LHMHQLJHQ *HVFKHQNH GLH )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU DQJHIHUWLJW RGHU GHNRULHUW KDWWH HLQ $UEHLWVEHXWHO HLQ
8QWHUVDW] IU %ODWWSIODQ]HQ HLQ )X‰NLVVHQ ZDUHQ PLW JUR‰HQ
$WODVVFKOHLIHQJH]LHUW
'DQQXQGZDQQEHVXFKWHPDQGHQNOHLQHQ-RKDQQOHJWHGHQ$UP
XP VHLQHQ 0DWURVHQNUDJHQ XQG QDKP VHLQH *HVFKHQNH PLW GHU
LURQLVFK EHUWULHEHQHQ %HZXQGHUXQJ LQ $XJHQVFKHLQ PLW GHU PDQ
GLH +HUUOLFKNHLWHQ GHU .LQGHU ]X EHVWDXQHQ SIOHJW 1XU 2QNHO
&KULVWLDQZX‰WHQLFKWVYRQGLHVHP(UZDFKVHQHQKRFKPXWXQGVHLQH
)UHXGHDQ GHP 3XSSHQWKHDWHU DOVHUHLQHQ %ULOODQWULQJ DP )LQJHU
GHQHUYRQVHLQHU0XWWHUEHVFKHUWEHNRPPHQKDWWHDQ+DQQR¶V3ODW]
YRUEHUVFKOHQGHUWHXQWHUVFKLHGVLFKJDUQLFKWYRQGHUVHLQHV1HIIHQ
ª'RQQHUZHWWHU GDV LVW GUROOLJ© VDJWH HU LQGHP HU GHQ 9RUKDQJ
DXI XQG QLHGHU]RJ XQG HLQHQ 6FKULWW ]XUFNWUDW XP GDV V]HQLVFKH
%LOG ]X EHWUDFKWHQ ª+DVW GX GLU GDV JHZQVFKW" ± 6R GDV KDVW GX
GLUDOVR JHZQVFKW© VDJWH HU SO|W]OLFK QDFKGHP HU HLQH:HLOH PLW
VRQGHUEDUHP(UQVWXQGYROOXQUXKLJHU*HGDQNHQVHLQH$XJHQKDWWH
ZDQGHUQODVVHQª:DUXP":LHNRPPVWGXDXIGHQ*HGDQNHQ"%LVW
GXVFKRQPDOLP7KHDWHUJHZHVHQ"«,P¾)LGHOLR½"-DGDVZLUGJXW
JHJHEHQ« 8QG QXQ ZLOOVW GX GDV QDFKPDFKHQ ZLH" QDFKDKPHQ


VHOEVW 2SHUQ DXIIKUHQ"« +DW HV VROFKHQ (LQGUXFN DXI GLFK
JHPDFKW"«+|UPDO.LQGOD‰GLUUDWHQKlQJHGHLQH*HGDQNHQQXU
QLFKW]XVHKUDQVROFKH6DFKHQ«7KHDWHU«XQGVRZDV«'DVWDXJW
QLFKWVJODXEHGHLQHP2QNHO,FKKDEHPLFKDXFKLPPHUYLHO]XVHKU
IU GLHVH 'LQJH LQWHUHVVLHUW XQG GDUXP LVW DXFK QLFKW YLHO DXV PLU
JHZRUGHQ,FKKDEHJUR‰H)HKOHUEHJDQJHQPX‰WGXZLVVHQ«©
(U KLHOW GDV VHLQHP 1HIIHQ HUQVW XQG HLQGULQJOLFK YRU ZlKUHQG
+DQQR QHXJLHULJ ]X LKP DXIVDK 'DQQ MHGRFK QDFK HLQHU 3DXVH
ZlKUHQG ZHOFKHU LQ %HWUDFKWXQJ GHV 7KHDWHUV VHLQ NQRFKLJHV XQG
YHUIDOOHQHV *HVLFKW VLFK DXIKHOOWH OLH‰ HU SO|W]OLFK HLQH )LJXU VLFK
DXIGHU%KQHYRUZlUWVEHZHJHQXQGVDQJPLWKRKONUlFK]HQGHUXQG
WUHPROLHUHQGHU 6WLPPH ª+D ZHOFK JUl‰OLFKHV 9HUEUHFKHQ©
ZRUDXIHU GHQ 6HVVHO GHV +DUPRQLXPV YRU GDV 7KHDWHU VFKRE VLFK
VHW]WH XQG HLQH 2SHU DXI]XIKUHQ EHJDQQ LQGHP HU VLQJHQG XQG
JHVWLNXOLHUHQG DEZHFKVHOQG GLH %HZHJXQJHQ GHV .DSHOOPHLVWHUV
XQG GHU DJLHUHQGHQ 3HUVRQHQ YROOIKUWH +LQWHU VHLQHP 5FNHQ
YHUVDPPHOWHQVLFKPHKUHUH)DPLOLHQJOLHGHUODFKWHQVFKWWHOWHQGHQ
.RSI XQG DPVLHUWHQ VLFK +DQQR VDK LKP PLW DXIULFKWLJHP
9HUJQJHQ ]X 1DFK HLQHU :HLOH DEHU JDQ] EHUUDVFKHQG EUDFK
&KULVWLDQ DE (U YHUVWXPPWH HLQ XQUXKLJHU (UQVW EHUIORJ VHLQ
*HVLFKW HU VWULFK PLW GHU +DQG EHU VHLQHQ 6FKlGHO XQG DQ VHLQHU
OLQNHQ 6HLWH KLQDE XQG ZDQGWH VLFK GDQQ PLW NUDXVHU 1DVH XQG
VRUJHQYROOHU 0LHQH ]XP 3XEOLNXP ª-D VHKW LKU QXQ LVW HV ZLHGHU
DXV©VDJWHHUªQXQNRPPWZLHGHUGLH6WUDIH(V UlFKW VLFKLPPHU
JOHLFKZHQQ LFK PLU PDO HLQHQ 6SD‰HUODXEH (VLVW NHLQ 6FKPHU]
ZL‰W LKU HV LVW HLQH 4XDO« HLQH XQEHVWLPPWH 4XDO ZHLO KLHU DOOH
1HUYHQ]XNXU]VLQG6LHVLQGJDQ]HLQIDFKDOOH]XNXU]«©
$EHUGLH9HUZDQGWHQQDKPHQGLHVH.ODJHQHEHQVRZHQLJHUQVWZLH
VHLQH6Sl‰HXQGDQWZRUWHWHQNDXP6LH]HUVWUHXWHQVLFKJOHLFKJOWLJ
XQG VR VD‰ GHQQ &KULVWLDQ QRFK HLQH =HLWODQJ VWXPP YRU GHP
7KHDWHUEHWUDFKWHWHHVPLWVFKQHOOHPXQGJHGDQNHQYROOHP%OLQ]HOQ
XQG HUKRE VLFK GDQQ ª1D .LQG DPVLHUH GLFK GDPLW© VDJWH HU
LQGHPHUEHU+DQQR¶V+DDUVWULFKª$EHUQLFKW]XYLHO«XQGYHUJL‰
GHLQHHUQVWHQ$UEHLWHQQLFKWGDUEHUK|UVWGX",FKKDEHYLHOH)HKOHU
JHPDFKW«-HW]WZLOOLFKDEHULQGHQ.OXE«,FKJHKHHLQEL‰FKHQLQ
GHQ .OXE© ULHI HU GHQ (UZDFKVHQHQ ]X ª'D IHLHUQ VLH DXFK


:HLKQDFKWHQ KHXW¶ $XI :LHGHUVHKQ© 8QG PLW VWHLIHQ NUXPPHQ
%HLQHQJLQJHUGXUFKGLH6lXOHQKDOOHYRQGDQQHQ
$OOH KDWWHQ KHXWH IUKHU DOV VRQVW ]X 0LWWDJ JHJHVVHQ XQG VLFK
GDKHUPLW7HHXQG%LVNXLWVDXVJLHELJEHGLHQW$EHUPDQZDUNDXP
GDPLWIHUWLJDOVJUR‰H.ULVWDOOVFKVVHOQPLWHLQHPJHOEHQN|UQLJHQ
%UHL ]XP ,PEL‰ KHUXPJHUHLFKW ZXUGHQ (V ZDU 0DQGHOFUHPH HLQ
*HPLVFKDXV(LHUQJHULHEHQHQ0DQGHOQXQG5RVHQZDVVHUGDVJDQ]
ZXQGHUYROO VFKPHFNWH GDV DEHU QDKP PDQ HLQ /|IIHOFKHQ ]XYLHO
GLH IXUFKWEDUVWHQ 0DJHQEHVFKZHUGHQ YHUXUVDFKWH 'HQQRFK XQG
REJOHLFK GLH .RQVXOLQ EDW IU GDV $EHQGEURW ªHLQ NOHLQHV /RFK
RIIHQ]XODVVHQ©WDWPDQVLFKNHLQHQ=ZDQJDQ:DV.ORWKLOGHEHWUDI
VR YROOIKUWH VLH :XQGHUGLQJH 6WLOO XQG GDQNEDU O|IIHOWH VLH GLH
0DQGHOFUHPH DOV ZlUH HV %XFKZHL]HQJUW]H =XU (UIULVFKXQJ JDE
HVDXFK:HLQJHOHHLQ*OlVHUQZR]XHQJOLVFKHU3OXPFDNHJHJHVVHQ
ZXUGH1DFKXQGQDFK]RJPDQVLFKLQV/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHUKLQEHU
XQGJUXSSLHUWHVLFKPLWGHQ7HOOHUQXPGHQ7LVFK
+DQQR EOLHE DOOHLQ LP 6DDOH ]XUFN GHQQ GLH NOHLQH (OLVDEHWK
:HLQVFKHQN ZDU QDFK +DXVH JHEUDFKW ZRUGHQ ZlKUHQG HU GLHVHV
-DKU ]XP HUVWHQ 0DOH ]XP $EHQGHVVHQ LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H EOHLEHQ
GXUIWHGLH'LHQVWPlGFKHQXQGGLH+DXVDUPHQKDWWHQVLFKPLWLKUHQ
*HVFKHQNHQ ]XUFNJH]RJHQ XQG ,GD -XQJPDQQ SODXGHUWH LQ GHU
6lXOHQKDOOHPLW5LHFNFKHQ6HYHULQREJOHLFKVLHDOV(U]LHKHULQGHU
-XQJIHUJHJHQEHUJHZ|KQOLFKHLQHVWUHQJHJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH'LVWDQ]
LQQHKLHOW'LH/LFKWHUGHVJUR‰HQ%DXPHVZDUHQKHUDEJHEUDQQWXQG
DXVJHO|VFKW VR GD‰ GLH .ULSSH QXQ LP 'XQNHO ODJ DEHU HLQ]HOQH
.HU]HQ DQ GHQ NOHLQHQ %lXPHQ DXI GHU 7DIHO EUDQQWHQ QRFK XQG
KLHU XQG GD JHULHW HLQ =ZHLJ LQ GHQ %HUHLFK HLQHV )OlPPFKHQV
VHQJWHNQLVWHUQGDQXQGYHUVWlUNWHGHQ'XIWGHULP6DDOHKHUUVFKWH
-HGHU /XIWKDXFK GHU GLH %lXPH EHUKUWH OLH‰ GLH 6WFNH
)OLWWHUJROGHVGLHGDUDQEHIHVWLJWZDUHQPLWHLQHP]DUWPHWDOOLVFKHQ
*HUlXVFK HUVFKDXHUQ (V ZDU QXQ ZLHGHU VWLOO JHQXJ GLH OHLVHQ
'UHKRUJHONOlQJH ]X YHUQHKPHQ GLH YRQ HLQHU IHUQHQ 6WUD‰H GXUFK
GHQNDOWHQ$EHQGGDKHUNDPHQ
+DQQRJHQR‰GLHZHLKQDFKWOLFKHQ'IWHXQG/DXWHPLW+LQJHEXQJ
(UODVGHQ.RSILQGLH+DQGJHVWW]WLQVHLQHP0\WKRORJLHEXFKD‰
PHFKDQLVFK XQG ZHLO HV ]XU 6DFKH JHK|UWH .RQIHNW 0DU]LSDQ
0DQGHOFUHPHXQG3OXPFDNHXQGGLHlQJVWOLFKH%HNORPPHQKHLWGLH


HLQ EHUIOOWHU 0DJHQ YHUXUVDFKW YHUPLVFKWH VLFK PLW GHU V‰HQ
(UUHJXQJ GHV $EHQGV ]X HLQHU ZHKPWLJHQ *OFNVHOLJNHLW (U ODV
YRQGHQ.lPSIHQGLH=HXV]XEHVWHKHQKDWWHXP]XU+HUUVFKDIW]X
JHODQJHQ XQG KRUFKWH GDQQ XQG ZDQQ HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN LQV
:RKQ]LPPHU KLQEHU ZR PDQ 7DQWH .ORWKLOGHQV =XNXQIW
HLQJHKHQGEHVSUDFK
.ORWKLOGHZDUZHLWDXVGLH*OFNOLFKVWHYRQDOOHQDQGLHVHP$EHQG
XQGQDKPGLH*UDWXODWLRQHQXQG1HFNHUHLHQGLHLKUYRQDOOHQ6HLWHQ
]XWHLO ZXUGHQ PLW HLQHP /lFKHOQ HQWJHJHQ GDV LKU DVFKJUDXHV
*HVLFKW YHUNOlUWH LKUH 6WLPPH EUDFK VLFK EHLP 6SUHFKHQ YRU
IUHXGLJHU %HZHJXQJ  6LH ZDU LQ GDV ¾-RKDQQLVNORVWHU½
DXIJHQRPPHQ ZRUGHQ 'HU 6HQDWRU KDWWH LKU GLH $XIQDKPH
XQWHUGHUKDQG LP 9HUZDOWXQJVUDW HUZLUNW REJOHLFK JHZLVVH +HUUHQ
KHLPOLFKEHU1HSRWLVPXVJHPXUUWKDWWHQ0DQXQWHUKLHOWVLFKEHU
GLHVH GDQNHQVZHUWH ,QVWLWXWLRQ GLH GHQ DGHOLJHQ 'DPHQNO|VWHUQ LQ
0HFNOHQEXUJ 'REEHUWLQ XQG 5LEQLW] HQWVSUDFK XQG GLH ZUGLJH
$OWHUVYHUVRUJXQJ PLWWHOORVHU 0lGFKHQ DXV YHUGLHQWHU XQG
DOWHLQJHVHVVHQHU )DPLOLH EH]ZHFNWH 'HU DUPHQ .ORWKLOGH ZDU QXQ
]X HLQHU NOHLQHQ DEHU VLFKHUHQ 5HQWH YHUKROIHQ GLH VLFK PLW GHQ
-DKUHQ VWHLJHUQ ZUGH XQG IU LKU $OWHU ZHQQ VLH LQ GLH K|FKVWH
.ODVVH DXIJHUFNW VHLQ ZUGH VRJDU ]X HLQHU IULHGOLFKHQ XQG
UHLQOLFKHQ:RKQXQJLP.ORVWHUVHOEVW«
'HUNOHLQH-RKDQQYHUZHLOWHHLQZHQLJEHLGHQ(UZDFKVHQHQDEHU
HU NHKUWH EDOG LQ GHQ 6DDO ]XUFN GHU QXQ GD HU ZHQLJHU OLFKW
HUVWUDKOWHXQGPLWVHLQHU+HUUOLFKNHLWNHLQHVRYHUEOIIWH6FKHXPHKU
KHUYRUULHIZLHDQIDQJVHLQHQ5HL]YRQQHXHU$UWDXVEWH(VZDUHLQ
JDQ] VHOWVDPHV 9HUJQJHQ ZLH DXI HLQHU KDOEGXQNOHQ %KQH QDFK
6FKOX‰GHU9RUVWHOOXQJ GDULQXPKHU]XVWUHLIHQ XQGHLQ ZHQLJ KLQWHU
GLH .XOLVVHQ ]X VHKHQ GLH /LOLHQ GHV JUR‰HQ 7DQQHQEDXPHV PLW
LKUHQJROGQHQ6WDXEIlGHQDXVGHU1lKH]XEHWUDFKWHQGLH7LHUXQG
0HQVFKHQILJXUHQ GHV .ULSSHQDXIEDXV LQ GLH +DQG ]X QHKPHQ GLH
.HU]H DXVILQGLJ ]X PDFKHQ GLH GHQ WUDQVSDUHQWHQ 6WHUQ EHU
%HWKOHKHPV6WDOOKDWWHOHXFKWHQODVVHQXQGGDVODQJKHUDEKlQJHQGH
7DIHOWXFK ]X OIWHQ XP GHU 0HQJH YRQ .DUWRQV XQG 3DFNSDSLHUHQ
JHZDKU]XZHUGHQGLHXQWHUGHP7LVFKDXIJHVWDSHOWZDUHQ
$XFK JHVWDOWHWH VLFK GLH 8QWHUKDOWXQJ LP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU
LPPHU ZHQLJHU DQ]LHKHQG 0LW XQHQWULQQEDUHU 1RWZHQGLJNHLW ZDU


DOOPlKOLFK GLH HLQH XQKHLPOLFKH $QJHOHJHQKHLW *HJHQVWDQG GHV
*HVSUlFKHV JHZRUGHQ EHU GLH PDQ ELVODQJ GHP IHVWOLFKHQ $EHQG
]X (KUHQ JHVFKZLHJHQ GLH DEHU IDVW NHLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN DXIJHK|UW
KDWWH DOOH *HPWHU ]X EHVFKlIWLJHQ 'LUHNWRU :HLQVFKHQNV 3UR]H‰
+XJR :HLQVFKHQN VHOEVW KLHOW 9RUWUDJ GDUEHU PLW HLQHU JHZLVVHQ
ZLOGHQ 0XQWHUNHLW LQ 0LHQH XQG %HZHJXQJHQ (U EHULFKWHWH EHU
(LQ]HOKHLWHQ GHU QXQ GXUFK GDV )HVW XQWHUEURFKHQHQ
=HXJHQYHUQHKPXQJ WDGHOWH OHEKDIW GLH DOO]X EHPHUNEDUH
9RUHLQJHQRPPHQKHLW GHV 3UlVLGHQWHQ 'RNWRU 3KLODQGHU XQG
NULWLVLHUWH PLW VRXYHUlQHP 6SRWW GHQ K|KQLVFKHQ 7RQ GHQ GHU
6WDDWVDQZDOW 'RNWRU +DJHQVWU|P JHJHQ LKQ XQG GLH
(QWODVWXQJV]HXJHQ DQ]XZHQGHQ IU SDVVHQG HUDFKWH hEULJHQV KDEH
%UHVODXHU YHUVFKLHGHQH EHODVWHQGH $XVVDJHQ VHKU ZLW]LJ HQWNUlIWHW
XQG LKP DXIV EHVWLPPWHVWH YHUVLFKHUW GD‰ DQ HLQH 9HUXUWHLOXQJ
YRUOlXILJJDUQLFKW]XGHQNHQVHL±'HU6HQDWRUZDUIKLHXQGGDDXV
+|IOLFKNHLW HLQH )UDJH HLQ XQG )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU GLH PLW
HPSRUJH]RJHQHQ 6FKXOWHUQ DXI GHP 6RID VD‰ PXUPHOWH PDQFKPDO
HLQHQIXUFKWEDUHQ)OXFKJHJHQ0RULW]+DJHQVWU|P'LHEULJHQDEHU
VFKZLHJHQ6LHVFKZLHJHQVRWLHIGD‰DXFKGHU'LUHNWRUDOOPlKOLFK
YHUVWXPPWHXQGZlKUHQGGUEHQLP6DDOH GHP NOHLQHQ +DQQRGLH
=HLW VFKQHOO ZLH LP +LPPHOUHLFKH YHUJLQJ ODJHUWH LP
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHUHLQHVFKZHUHEHNORPPHQHlQJVWOLFKH6WLOOHGLH
QRFK IRUWKHUUVFKWH DOV XP KDOE QHXQ 8KU &KULVWLDQ DXV GHP .OXE
YRQGHU:HLKQDFKWVIHLHUGHU-XQJJHVHOOHQXQG6XLWLHUV]XUFNNHKUWH
(LQHUNDOWHWHU =LJDUUHQVWXPPHO VWDN ]ZLVFKHQ VHLQHQ /LSSHQ XQG
VHLQH KDJHUHQ :DQJHQ ZDUHQ JHU|WHW (U NDP GXUFK GHQ 6DDO XQG
VDJWH DOV HU LQV /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU WUDW ª.LQGHU GHU 6DDO LVW GRFK
ZXQGHUKEVFK :HLQVFKHQN ZLU KDWWHQ KHXWH HLJHQWOLFK %UHVODXHU
PLWEULQJHQVROOHQVRZDVKDWHUVLFKHUQRFKJDUQLFKWJHVHKHQ©
(LQ VWLOOHU VWUDIHQGHU 6HLWHQEOLFN WUDI LKQ DXV GHQ $XJHQ GHU
.RQVXOLQ (U HUZLGHUWH LKQ PLW XQEHIDQJHQHU XQG YHUVWlQGQLVORV
IUDJHQGHU0LHQH±8PQHXQ8KUJLQJPDQ]X7LVFKH
:LH DOOMlKUOLFK DQ GLHVHP $EHQG ZDU LQ GHU 6lXOHQKDOOH JHGHFNW
ZRUGHQ 'LH .RQVXOLQ VSUDFK PLW KHU]OLFKHP $XVGUXFN GDV
KHUJHEUDFKWH 7LVFKJHEHW ª.RPP +HUU -HVXV VHL XQVHU *DVW 8QG
VHJQHZDVGXXQVEHVFKHUHWKDVW©ZRUDQVLHZLHDQGLHVHP$EHQG
HEHQIDOOV EOLFK HLQH NOHLQH PDKQHQGH $QVSUDFKH VFKOR‰ GLH


KDXSWVlFKOLFKDXIIRUGHUWHDOOHUGHUHU]XJHGHQNHQGLHHVDQGLHVHP
+HLOLJHQ $EHQG QLFKW VR JXW KDWWHQ ZLH GLH )DPLOLH %XGGHQEURRN
8QG DOV GLHV HUOHGLJW ZDU VHW]WH PDQ VLFK PLW JXWHP *HZLVVHQ ]X
HLQHU QDFKKDOWLJHQ 0DKO]HLW QLHGHU GLH DOVEDOG PLW .DUSIHQ LQ
DXIJHO|VWHU%XWWHUXQGPLWDOWHP5KHLQZHLQLKUHQ$QIDQJQDKP
'HU 6HQDWRU VFKRE HLQ SDDU 6FKXSSHQ GHV )LVFKHV LQ VHLQ
3RUWHPRQQDLH GDPLW ZlKUHQG GHV JDQ]HQ -DKUHV GDV *HOG QLFKW
GDULQ DXVJHKH &KULVWLDQ DEHU EHPHUNWH WUEH GDV KHOIH MD GRFK
QLFKWV XQG .RQVXO .U|JHU HQWVFKOXJ VLFK VROFKHU
9RUVLFKWVPD‰UHJHOQ GD HU MD NHLQH .XUVVFKZDQNXQJHQ PHKU ]X
IUFKWHQKDEHXQGPLWVHLQHQDQGHUWKDOE6FKLOOLQJHQOlQJVWLP+DIHQ
VHL 'HU DOWH +HUU VD‰ P|JOLFKVW ZHLW HQWIHUQW YRQ VHLQHU )UDX PLW
GHU HU VHLW -DKU XQG 7DJ EHLQDKH NHLQ :RUW PHKU VSUDFK ZHLO VLH
QLFKW DXIK|UWH GHP HQWHUEWHQ -DNRE GHU LQ /RQGRQ 3DULV RGHU
$PHULND  QXU VLH ZX‰WH GDV EHVWLPPW  VHLQ HQWZXU]HOWHV
$EHQWHXUHUOHEHQ IKUWH KHLPOLFK *HOG ]XIOLH‰HQ ]X ODVVHQ (U
UXQ]HOWHILQVWHUGLH6WLUQDOVEHLP]ZHLWHQ*DQJHVLFKGDV*HVSUlFK
GHQDEZHVHQGHQ)DPLOLHQJOLHGHUQ]XZDQGWHXQGDOVHUVDKZLHGLH
VFKZDFKH 0XWWHU VLFK GLH $XJHQ WURFNQHWH 0DQ HUZlKQWH GLH LQ
)UDQNIXUWXQGGLHLQ+DPEXUJPDQJHGDFKWHDXFKRKQHhEHOZROOHQ
GHV3DVWRUV7LEXUWLXVLQ5LJDXQGGHU6HQDWRUVWLH‰LQDOOHU6WLOOHPLW
VHLQHU6FKZHVWHU7RQ\DXIGLH*HVXQGKHLWGHU+HUUHQ*UQOLFKXQG
3HUPDQHGHUDQGLHLQJHZLVVHP6LQQHGRFKDXFKGD]XJHK|UWHQ
'HU 3XWHU JHIOOW PLW HLQHP %UHL YRQ 0DURQHQ 5RVLQHQ XQG
bSIHOQ IDQG GDV DOOJHPHLQH /RE 9HUJOHLFKH PLW GHQHQ IUKHUHU
-DKUHZXUGHQDQJHVWHOOWXQGHVHUJDEVLFKGD‰GLHVHUVHLWODQJHU=HLW
GHUJU|‰WHZDU(VJDEJHEUDWHQH.DUWRIIHOQ]ZHLHUOHL*HPVHXQG
]ZHLHUOHL .RPSRWW GD]X XQG GLH NUHLVHQGHQ 6FKVVHOQ HQWKLHOWHQ
3RUWLRQHQDOVREHVVLFKEHLMHGHUHLQ]HOQHQYRQLKQHQQLFKWXPHLQH
%HLJDEH XQG =XWDW VRQGHUQ XP GDV +DXSWJHULFKW KDQGHOWH DQ GHP
DOOH VLFK VlWWLJHQ VROOWHQ (V ZXUGH DOWHU 5RWZHLQ YRQ GHU )LUPD
0|OOHQGRUSIJHWUXQNHQ
'HU NOHLQH -RKDQQ VD‰ ]ZLVFKHQ VHLQHQ (OWHUQ XQG YHUVWDXWH PLW
0KHHLQ ZHL‰HV 6WFN %UXVWIOHLVFK QHEVW )DUFH LQ VHLQHP 0DJHQ
(UNRQQWHQLFKWPHKUVRYLHOHVVHQZLH7DQWH7KLOGDVRQGHUQIKOWH
VLFKPGHXQGQLFKWVHKUZRKOHUZDUQXUVWRO] GDUDXI GD‰HU PLW
GHQ (UZDFKVHQHQ WDIHOQ GXUIWH GD‰ DXFK DXI VHLQHU NXQVWYROO


JHIDOWHWHQ6HUYLHWWHHLQVYRQGLHVHQN|VWOLFKHQPLW0RKQEHVWUHXWHQ
0LOFKEU|WFKHQ JHOHJHQ KDWWH GD‰ DXFK YRU LKP GUHL :HLQJOlVHU
VWDQGHQ ZlKUHQG HU VRQVW DXV GHP NOHLQHQ JROGHQHQ %HFKHU GHP
3DWHQJHVFKHQN 2QNHO .U|JHUV ]X WULQNHQ SIOHJWH $EHU DOV GDQQ
ZlKUHQG 2QNHO -XVWXV HLQHQ |OJHOEHQ JULHFKLVFKHQ :HP LQ GLH
NOHLQVWHQ *OlVHU ]X VFKHQNHQ EHJDQQ GLH (LVEDLVHUV HUVFKLHQHQ 
URWH ZHL‰H XQG EUDXQH  ZXUGH DXFK VHLQ $SSHWLW ZLHGHU UHJH (U
YHU]HKUWHREJOHLFKHVLKPIDVWXQHUWUlJOLFKZHKDQGHQ=lKQHQWDW
HLQURWHVGDQQGLH+lOIWHHLQHVZHL‰HQPX‰WHVFKOLH‰OLFKGRFKDXFK
YRQGHQEUDXQHQPLW6FKRNRODGHHLVJHIOOWHQHLQ6WFNSURELHUHQ
NQXVSHUWH :DIIHOQ GD]X QLSSWH DQ GHP V‰HQ :HLQ XQG K|UWH DXI
2QNHO&KULVWLDQGHULQV5HGHQJHNRPPHQZDU
(U HU]lKOWH YRQ GHU :HLKQDFKWVIHLHU LP .OXE GLH VHKU ILGHO
JHZHVHQVHLª'XOLHEHU*RWW©VDJWHHULQMHQHP7RQHLQGHPHUYRQ
-RKQQ\ 7KXQGHUVWRUP ]X VSUHFKHQ SIOHJWH ª'LH .HUOV WUDQNHQ
6FKZHGLVFKHQ3XQVFKZLH:DVVHU©
ª3IXL©EHPHUNWHGLH.RQVXOLQNXU]XQGVFKOXJGLH$XJHQQLHGHU
$EHUHUEHDFKWHWHGDVQLFKW6HLQH$XJHQEHJDQQHQ]XZDQGHUQXQG
*HGDQNHQXQG(ULQQHUXQJHQZDUHQVROHEHQGLJLQLKPGD‰VLHZLH
6FKDWWHQ EHU VHLQ KDJHUHV *HVLFKW KXVFKWHQ ª:HL‰ MHPDQG YRQ
HXFK©IUDJWHHUªZLHHVLVWZHQQPDQ]XYLHO6FKZHGLVFKHQ3XQVFK
JHWUXQNHQKDW",FKPHLQHQLFKWGLH%HWUXQNHQKHLWVRQGHUQGDVZDV
LP QlFKVWHQ 7DJH NRPPW GLH )ROJHQ VLH VLQG VRQGHUEDU XQG
ZLGHUOLFKVRQGHUEDUXQGZLGHUOLFK]XJOHLFKHU=HLW©
ª*UXQG JHQXJ VLH JHQDX ]X EHVFKUHLEHQ© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU
ª$VVH] &KULVWLDQ GLHV LQWHUHVVLHUW XQV GXUFKDXV QLFKW© VDJWH GLH
.RQVXOLQ$EHUHUEHUK|UWHHV(VZDUVHLQH(LJHQWPOLFKNHLWGD‰
LQ VROFKHQ $XJHQEOLFNHQ NHLQH (LQUHGH ]X LKP GUDQJ (U VFKZLHJ
HLQH :HLOH XQG GDQQ SO|W]OLFK VFKLHQ GDV ZDV LKQ EHZHJWH ]XU
0LWWHLOXQJUHLI]XVHLQª'XJHKVWXPKHUXQGIKOVWGLFKEHO©VDJWH
HU XQG ZDQGWH VLFK PLW NUDXVHU 1DVH DQ VHLQHQ %UXGHU
ª.RSIVFKPHU]HQXQGXQRUGHQWOLFKH(LQJHZHLGHQXQMDGDV JLEWHV
DXFK EHL DQGHUHQ *HOHJHQKHLWHQ $EHU GX IKOVW GLFK VFKPXW]LJ© 
XQG &KULVWLDQ ULHE PLW JlQ]OLFK YHU]HUUWHP *HVLFKW VHLQH +lQGH 
ªGXIKOVWGLFKVFKPXW]LJXQGXQJHZDVFKHQDPJDQ]HQ.|USHU'X
ZlVFKVWGHLQH+lQGHDEHUHVQXW]WQLFKWVVLHIKOHQVLFKIHXFKWXQG
XQVDXEHUDQXQGGHLQH1DJHOKDEHQHWZDV)HWWLJHV'XEDGHVWGLFK


DEHU HV KLOIW QLFKWV GHP JDQ]HU .|USHU VFKHLQW GLU NOHEULJ XQG
XQUHLQ'HLQJDQ]HU.|USHUlUJHUWGLFKUHL]WGLFKGXELVWGLUVHOEVW
]XP(NHO.HQQVWGXHV7KRPDVNHQQVWGXHV"©
ª-DMD©VDJWHGHU6HQDWRUPLWDEZHKUHQGHU+DQGEHZHJXQJ$EHU
PLWGHUVHOWVDPHQ7DNWORVLJNHLWGLHPLWGHQ-DKUHQLPPHUPHKUDQ
&KULVWLDQ KHUYRUWUDW XQG LKQ QLFKW GDUDQ GHQNHQ OLH‰ GD‰ GLHVH
$XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJYRQGHUJDQ]HQ7DIHOUXQGHSHLQOLFKHPSIXQGHQ
ZXUGHGD‰VLHLQGLHVHU8PJHEXQJXQGDQGLHVHP$EHQGQLFKWDP
3ODW]H ZDU IXKU HU IRUW GHQ EOHQ =XVWDQG QDFK EHUPl‰LJHP
*HQX‰ YRQ 6FKZHGLVFKHP 3XQVFK ]X VFKLOGHUQ ELV HU JODXEWH LKQ
HUVFK|SIHQGFKDUDNWHULVLHUW]XKDEHQXQGDOOPlKOLFKYHUVWXPPWH
%HYRUPDQ]X%XWWHUXQG.lVHEHUJLQJHUJULIIGLH.RQVXOLQQRFK
HLQPDO GDV :RUW ]X HLQHU NOHLQHQ $QVSUDFKH DQ GLH ,KULJHQ :HQQ
DXFKQLFKWDOOHVVDJWHVLHLP/DXIHGHU-DKUHVLFKVRJHVWDOWHWKDEH
ZLHPDQHVNXU]VLFKWLJXQGXQZHLVHHUZQVFKWKDEHVREOHLEHGRFK
LPPHU QRFK EHUJHQXJ GHV VLFKWEDUOLFKHQ 6HJHQV EULJ XP GLH
+HU]HQ PLW 'DQN ]X HUIOOHQ *HUDGH GHU :HFKVHO YRQ *OFN XQG
VWUHQJHU+HLPVXFKXQJ]HLJH GD‰ *RWWVHLQH +DQG QLHPDOV YRQ GHU
)DPLOLH JH]RJHQ VRQGHUQ GD‰ HU LKUH *HVFKLFNH QDFK WLHIHQ XQG
ZHLVHQ$EVLFKWHQJHOHQNWKDEHXQGOHQNHGLHXQJHGXOGLJHUJUQGHQ
]XZROOHQPDQVLFKQLFKWHUNKQHQGUIH8QGQXQZROOH PDQ PLW
KRIIHQGHP +HU]HQ HLQWUlFKWLJ DQVWR‰HQ DXI GDV :RKO GHU )DPLOLH
DXI LKUH =XNXQIW MHQH =XNXQIW GLH GDVHLQ ZHUGH ZHQQ GLH $OWHQ
XQG bOWHUHQ XQWHU GHQ $QZHVHQGHQ OlQJVW LQ NKOHU (UGH UXKHQ
ZUGHQ DXI GLH .LQGHU GHQHQ GDV KHXWLJH )HVW MD UHFKW HLJHQWOLFK
JHK|UH
8QG GD 'LUHNWRU :HLQVFKHQNV 7|FKWHUFKHQ QLFKW PHKU DQZHVHQG
ZDU PX‰WH GHU NOHLQH -RKDQQ ZlKUHQG GLH *UR‰HQ DXFK
XQWHUHLQDQGHU VLFK ]XWUDQNHQ DOOHLQ HLQHQ 8P]XJ XP GLH 7DIHO
KDOWHQ XP PLW DOOHQ YRQ GHU *UR‰PXWWHU ELV ]X 0DPVHOO 6HYHULQ
KLQDE DQ]XVWR‰HQ $OV HU ]X VHLQHP 9DWHU NDP KRE GHU 6HQDWRU
LQGHP HU VHLQ *ODV GHP GHV .LQGHV QlKHUWH VDQIW +DQQR¶V .LQQ
HPSRUXPLKPLQGLH$XJHQ]XVHKHQ(UIDQG QLFKWVHLQHQ %OLFN
GHQQ +DQQR¶V ODQJH JROGEUDXQH :LPSHUQ KDWWHQ VLFK WLHI WLHI ELV
DXIGLH]DUWEOlXOLFKH8PVFKDWWXQJVHLQHU$XJHQJHVHQNW
7KHUHVH :HLFKEURGWDEHU HUJULII VHLQHQ .RSI PLW EHLGHQ +lQGHQ
N‰WHLKQPLWOHLVHNQDOOHQGHP*HUlXVFKDXIMHGH:DQJHXQGVDJWH


PLW HLQHU %HWRQXQJ VR KHU]OLFK GD‰ *RWW LKU QLFKW ZLGHUVWHKHQ
NRQQWHª6HLJORFNOLFKGXJXWHV.HQG©
(LQH 6WXQGH VSlWHU ODJ +DQQR LQ VHLQHP %HWW GDV MHW]W LQ GHP
9RU]LPPHUVWDQGZHOFKHVPDQYRP.RUULGRUGHU]ZHLWHQ(WDJHDXV
EHWUDW XQG DQ GDV ]XU /LQNHQ GDV $QNOHLGHNDELQHWW GHV 6HQDWRUV
VWLH‰(UODJDXIGHP5FNHQDXV5FNVLFKWDXIVHLQHQ0DJHQGHU
VLFK PLW DOO GHP ZDV HU LP /DXIH GHV $EHQGV KDWWH LQ (PSIDQJ
QHKPHQ PVVHQ QRFK NHLQHVZHJV DXVJHV|KQW KDWWH XQG VDK PLW
HUUHJWHQ$XJHQGHUJXWHQ,GDHQWJHJHQGLHVFKRQLQGHU1DFKWMDFNH
DXVLKUHP=LPPHUNDPXQG PLWHLQHP:DVVHUJODVHYRUVLFKLQGHU
/XIW XPUKUHQGH .UHLVEHZHJXQJHQ EHVFKULHE (U WUDQN GDV
NRKOHQVDXUH 1DWURQ UDVFK DXV VFKQLWW HLQH *ULPDVVH XQG OLH‰ VLFK
ZLHGHU ]XUFNIDOOHQ ª,FK JODXEH QXQ PX‰ LFK PLFK HUVW UHFKW
EHUJHEHQ,GD©
ª$FKZR+DQQRFKHQ1XUVWLOODXIGHP5FNHQOLHJHQ$EHUVLHKVW
GX ZRKO :HU KDW GLU PHKUPDOV ]XJHZLQNW" 8QG ZHU QLFKW IROJHQ
ZROOW¶ZDUGDV-XQJFKHQ©
ª-D MD YLHOOHLFKW JHKW HV DXFK JXW :DQQ NRPPHQ GLH 6DFKHQ
,GD"©
ª0RUJHQIUKPHLQ-XQJFKHQ©
ª'D‰VLHKLHUKHUHLQJHVHW]WZHUGHQ'D‰LFKVLHJOHLFKKDEH©
ª6FKRQJXW+DQQRFKHQDEHUHUVWPDODXVVFKODIHQ©8QGVLHN‰WH
LKQO|VFKWHGDV/LFKWXQGJLQJ
(U ZDU DOOHLQ XQG ZlKUHQG HU VWLOO OLHJHQG VLFK GHU VHJHQYROOHQ
:LUNXQJ GHV 1DWURQV EHUOLH‰ HQW]QGHWH VLFK YRU VHLQHQ
JHVFKORVVHQHQ$XJHQGHU*ODQ]GHV%HVFKHUXQJVVDDOHVDXIVQHXH(U
VDK VHLQ 7KHDWHU VHLQ +DUPRQLXP VHLQ 0\WKRORJLHEXFK XQG K|UWH
LUJHQGZR LQ GHU )HUQH GDV ª-DXFK]H ODXW -HUXVDOHP© GHU
&KRUNQDEHQ $OOHV IOLPPHUWH (LQ PDWWHV )LHEHU VXPPWH LQ VHLQHP
.RSIHXQGVHLQ+HU]GDVYRQGHPUHYROWLHUHQGHQ0DJHQHLQZHQLJ
EHHQJW XQG EHlQJVWLJW ZXUGH VFKOXJ ODQJVDP VWDUN XQG
XQUHJHOPl‰LJ ,Q HLQHP =XVWDQG YRQ 8QZRKOVHLQ (UUHJWKHLW
%HNORPPHQKHLW0GLJNHLWXQG*OFNODJHUODQJHXQGNRQQWHQLFKW
VFKODIHQ
0RUJHQ NDP GHU GULWWH :HLKQDFKWVDEHQG DQ GLH 5HLKH GLH
%HVFKHUXQJ EHL 7KHUHVH :HLFKEURGW XQG HU IUHXWH VLFK GDUDXI DOV


DXIHLQNOHLQHVEXUOHVNHV6SLHO7KHUHVH:HLFKEURGWKDWWHLPYRULJHQ
-DKUH LKU 3HQVLRQDW JlQ]OLFK DXIJHJHEHQ VR GD‰ QXQ 0DGDPH
.HWKHOVHQGDV6WRFNZHUNXQGVLHVHOEVWGDV(UGJHVFKR‰GHVNOHLQHQ
+DXVHV DP 0KOHQEULQN DOOHLQ EHZRKQWH 'LH %HVFKZHUGHQ
QlPOLFK GLH LKU PL‰JOFNWHU XQG JHEUHFKOLFKHU NOHLQHU .|USHU LKU
YHUXUVDFKWH KDWWHQ PLW GHQ -DKUHQ ]XJHQRPPHQ XQG LQ DOOHU
6DQIWPXWXQGFKULVWOLFKHQ%HUHLWZLOOLJNHLWQDKP6HVHPL:HLFKEURGW
DQGD‰LKUH $EEHUXIXQJ QDKH EHYRUVWHKH 'DKHU KLHOWVLH DXFK VHLW
PHKUHUHQ -DKUHQ VFKRQ MHGHV :HLKQDFKWVIHVW IU LKU OHW]WHV XQG
VXFKWH GHU )HLHU GLH VLH LQ LKUHQ NOHLQHQ IUFKWHUOLFK EHUKHL]WHQ
6WXEHQ YHUDQVWDOWHWH VR YLHO *ODQ] ]X YHUOHLKHQ ZLH LQ LKUHQ
VFKZDFKHQ.UlIWHQVWDQG'DVLHQLFKWYLHO]XNDXIHQYHUPRFKWHVR
YHUVFKHQNWH VLH MHGHV -DKU HLQHQ QHXHQ 7HLO LKUHU EHVFKHLGHQHQ
+DEVHOLJNHLWHQ XQG EDXWH XQWHU GHP %DXPH DXI ZDV VLH QXU
HQWEHKUHQ NRQQWH 1LSSVDFKHQ %ULHIEHVFKZHUHU 1DGHONLVVHQ
*ODVYDVHQ XQG %UXFKVWFNH LKUHU %LEOLRWKHN DOWH %FKHU LQ
GUROOLJHQ )RUPDWHQ XQG (LQEDQGHQ GDV ¾*HKHLPH 7DJHEXFK YRQ
HLQHP%HREDFKWHU6HLQHU6HOEVW½+HEHOV¾$OHPDQQLVFKH*HGLFKWH½
.UXPPDFKHUV¾3DUDEHOQ½+DQQREHVD‰VFKRQYRQLKUHLQH$XVJDEH
GHU ¾3HQVHHV GH %ODLVH 3DVFDO½ GLH VR ZLQ]LJ ZDU GD‰ PDQ QLFKW
RKQH9HUJU|‰HUXQJVJODVGDULQOHVHQNRQQWH
¾%LVFKRI½JDEHVLQXQEHUZLQGOLFKHQ0HQJHQXQGGLHPLW,QJZHU
EHUHLWHWHQ%UDXQHQ.XFKHQ6HVHPL¶VZDUHQXQJHKHXHUVFKPDFNKDIW
1LHPDOV DEHU GDQN GHU EHEHQGHQ +LQJDEH PLW GHU )UDXOHLQ
:HLFKEURGW MHGHVPDO LKU OHW]WHV :HLKQDFKWVIHVW EHJLQJ  QLHPDOV
YHUIOR‰ GLHVHU $EHQG RKQH GD‰ HLQH hEHUUDVFKXQJ HLQ 0DOKHXU
LUJHQGHLQHNOHLQH.DWDVWURSKHVLFKHUHLJQHWKDWWHGLHGLH*lVWH]XP
/DFKHQ EUDFKWH XQG GLH VWXPPH /HLGHQVFKDIWOLFKNHLW GHU :LUWLQ
QRFKHUK|KWH(LQH.DQQHPLW¾%LVFKRI½VWU]WHXQGEHUVFKZHPPWH
DOOHV PLW GHU URWHQ V‰HQ ZU]LJHQ )OVVLJNHLW 2GHU HV ILHO GHU
JHSXW]WH %DXP YRQ VHLQHQ K|O]HUQHQ )X‰HQ JHQDX LQ GHP
$XJHQEOLFN ZHQQ PDQ IHLHUOLFK GDV %HVFKHUXQJV]LPPHU EHWUDW ,P
(LQVFKODIHQ VDK +DQQR GHQ 8QJOFNVIDOO GHV YRULJHQ -DKUHV YRU
$XJHQ(VZDUXQPLWWHOEDUYRUGHU%HVFKHUXQJ7KHUHVH:HLFKEURGW
KDWWHPLWVRYLHO1DFKGUXFNGD‰DOOH9RNDOHLKUH 3ODW]H JHZHFKVHOW
KDWWHQ GDV :HLKQDFKWVNDSLWHO YHUOHVHQ XQG WUDW QXQ YRQ LKUHQ
*lVWHQ ]XUFN ]XU 7U XP YRQ KLHU DXV HLQH NOHLQH $QVSUDFKH ]X


KDOWHQ6LHVWDQGDXIGHU6FKZHOOHEXFNOLJZLQ]LJGLHDOWHQ+lQGH
YRU LKUHU .LQGHUEUXVW ]XVDPPHQJHOHJW GLH JUQVHLGHQHQ %lQGHU
LKUHU +DXEH ILHOHQ DXI LKUH ]HUEUHFKOLFKHQ 6FKXOWHUQ XQG ]X LKUHQ
+DXSWHQ EHU GHU 7U OLH‰ HLQ PLW 7DQQHQ]ZHLJHQ XPNUlQ]WHV
7UDQVSDUHQW GLH :RUWH OHXFKWHQ ª(KUH VHL *RWW LQ GHU +|KH© 8QG
6HVHPL VSUDFK YRQ *RWWHV *WH VLH HUZlKQWH GD‰ GLHV LKU OHW]WHV
:HLKQDFKWVIHVWVHLXQGVFKOR‰GDPLWGD‰VLHDOOHPLWGHV$SRVWHOV
:RUWHQ ]XU )U|KOLFKNHLW DXIIRUGHUWH ZREHL VLH YRQ REHQ ELV XQWHQ
HU]LWWHUWH VR VHKU QDKP LKU JDQ]HU NOHLQHU .|USHU $QWHLO DQ GLHVHU
0DKQXQJª)UHXHWHXFK©VDJWHVLHLQGHPVLHGHQ.RSIDXIGLH6HLWH
OHJWHXQGLKQKHIWLJVFKWWHOWHª8QGDEHUPDOVDJHLFKª)UHXHWHXFK©
,Q GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN DEHU JLQJ EHU LKU PLW HLQHP SXIIHQGHQ
IDXFKHQGHQ XQG NQLVWHUQGHQ *HUlXVFK GDV JDQ]H 7UDQVSDUHQW LQ
)ODPPHQ DXI VRGD‰ 0DGHPRLVHOOH :HLFKEURGW PLW HLQHP NOHLQHQ
6FKUHFNHQVODXW XQG HLQHP 6SUXQJH YRQ XQJHDKQWHU XQG SLWWRUHVNHU
%HKHQGLJNHLW VLFK GHP )XQNHQUHJHQ HQW]LHKHQ PX‰WH GHU DXI VLH
KHUQLHGHUJLQJ
+DQQR HULQQHUWH VLFK GLHVHV 6SUXQJHV GHQ GDV DOWH 0lGFKHQ
YROOIKUW KDWWH XQG ZlKUHQG PHKUHUHU 0LQXWHQ ODFKWH HU JDQ]
HUJULIIHQLUULWLHUWXQGQHUY|VEHOXVWLJWOHLVHXQGXQWHUGUFNWLQVHLQ
.LVVHQKLQHLQ

1HXQWHV.DSLWHO

)UDX3HUPDQHGHUJLQJGLH%UHLWH6WUD‰HHQWODQJVLHJLQJLQJUR‰HU
(LOH (WZDV $XIJHO|VWHV ODJ LQ LKUHU +DOWXQJ XQG QXU IOFKWLJ ZDU
PLW 6FKXOWHUQ XQG +DXSW GLH PDMHVWlWLVFKH :UGH DQJHGHXWHW GLH
VRQVW DXI GHU 6WUD‰H LKUH *HVWDOW XPJDE %HGUlQJW JHKHW]W XQG LQ
K|FKVWHU (LOH KDWWH VLH JOHLFKVDP QXU HLQ ZHQLJ GDYRQ
]XVDPPHQJHUDIIW ZLH HLQ JHVFKODJHQHU .|QLJ GHQ 5HVW VHLQHU
7UXSSHQ DQ VLFK ]LHKWXP VLFK PLW LKP LQ GLH $UPH GHU )OXFKW ]X
ZHUIHQ
$FK VLH VDK QLFKW JXW DXV ,KUH 2EHUOLSSH GLHVH HWZDV
KHUYRUVWHKHQGH XQG JHZ|OEWH 2EHUOLSSH GLH HKHPDOV GD]X


EHLJHWUDJHQKDWWHLKU*HVLFKWVRKEVFK]XPDFKHQEHEWHMHW]WLKUH
$XJHQZDUHQDQJVWYROOYHUJU|‰HUWXQGEOLFNWHQPLWHLQHPH[DOWLHUWHQ
=ZLQNHUQ JOHLFKVDP YRUZlUWV KDVWHQG JHUDGHDXV LKUH )ULVXU NDP
VLFKWOLFK]HU]DXVWXQWHUGHP.DSRWWKXWKHUYRUXQGLKU$QWOLW]]HLJWH
MHQH PDWWJHOEH )lUEXQJ GLH HV DQQDKP ZHQQ GHU =XVWDQG LKUHV
0DJHQVVLFKYHUVFKOHFKWHUWH
-D HV VWDQG VFKOHFKW XP LKUHQ 0DJHQ LQ GLHVHU =HLW DQ GHQ
'RQQHUVWDJHQ NRQQWH GLH JHVDPWH )DPLOLH GLH 9HUVFKOLPPHUXQJ
EHREDFKWHQ :LH PDQ GLH .OLSSH ]X YHUPHLGHQ VXFKWH ± GDV
*HVSUlFK VWUDQGHWH DQ GHP 3UR]H‰ +XJR :HLQVFKHQNV )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU VHOEVW IKUWH HV XQZLGHUVWHKOLFK GDUDXI ]X XQG GDQQ
EHJDQQ VLH ]X IUDJHQ *RWW XQG DOOH :HOW IXUFKWEDU HUUHJW XP
$QWZRUW DQ]XJHKHQ ZLH HV P|JOLFK VHL GD‰ 6WDDWVDQZDOW 0RULW]
+DJHQVWU|P QDFKWV UXKLJ VFKODIHQ N|QQH" 6LH EHJULII HV QLFKW VLH
ZXUGHHVQLHPDOVIDVVHQXQGGDEHLZXFKVLKUH$XIUHJXQJEHLMHGHP
:RUWH ª,FK GDQNH LFK HVVH QLFKWV© VDJWH VLH XQG VFKRE DOOHV YRQ
VLFKLQGHPVLHGLH6FKXOWHUQHUKREGHQ.RSI]XUFNOHJWHXQGVLFK
HLQVDPDXIGLH+|KHLKUHU(QWUVWXQJ]XUFN]RJXPQLFKWVDOV%LHU
]XVLFK]XQHKPHQNDOWHVED\HULVFKHV%LHUGDVVLHVHLWGHU=HLWLKUHU
0QFKHQHU (KH ]X WULQNHQ JHZRKQW ZDU LQ LKUHQ OHHUHQ 0DJHQ
KLQDE]XJLH‰HQGHVVHQ1HUYHQLQ$XIUXKUZDUHQXQGGHUVLFKELWWHU
UlFKWH 'HQQ JHJHQ (QGH GHU 0DKO]HLW PX‰WH VLH VLFK HUKHEHQ LQ
GHQ *DUWHQ RGHU GHQ +RI KLQXQWHUJHKHQ XQG GRUW JHVWW]W DXI ,GD
-XQJPDQQ RGHU 5LHFNFKHQ 6HYHULQ GLH IUFKWHUOLFKVWHQ hEHONHLWHQ
HUGXOGHQ ,KU 0DJHQ HQWOHGLJWH VLFK VHLQHV ,QKDOWHV XQG IXKU GDQQ
IRUW VLFK TXDOYROO ]XVDPPHQ]X]LHKHQ XP LQ GLHVHP
.UDPSI]XVWDQGHPLQXWHQODQJ]XYHUKDUUHQXQIlKLJQRFKHWZDVYRQ
VLFK]XJHEHQZUJWHXQGOLWWVLHVRODQJH=HLW
(V ZDU HWZD GUHL 8KU QDFKPLWWDJV HLQ ZLQGLJHU UHJQHULVFKHU
-DQXDUWDJ $OV )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ]XU (FNH GHU )LVFKHUJUXEH JHODQJW
ZDUERJVLHHLQXQGHLOWHGLHDEVFKVVLJH6WUD‰HKLQXQWHUXQGLQGDV
+DXVLKUHV%UXGHUV1DFKKDVWLJHP.ORSIHQWUDWVLHYRP)OXUDXVLQ
GDV.RQWRUOLH‰LKUHQ%OLFNEHUGLH3XOWHKLQ]XGHP)HQVWHUSODW]
GHV 6HQDWRUV IOLHJHQ XQG PDFKWH HLQH VR ELWWHQGH .RSIEHZHJXQJ
GD‰7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNXQYHU]JOLFKGLH)HGHUEHLVHLWHOHJWHXQG
LKU HQWJHJHQJLQJ ª1XQ"© IUDJWH HU LQGHP HU HLQH %UDXH


HPSRU]RJ«ª(LQHQ$XJHQEOLFN7KRPDV«HWZDV'ULQJHQGHV«HV
GXOGHWNHLQHQ$XIVFKXE«©
(U|IIQHWHLKUGLHJHSROVWHUWH7U]XVHLQHP3ULYDWEXUHDX]RJVLH
KLQWHU VLFK ]X DOV VLH EHLGH HLQJHWUHWHQ ZDUHQ XQG VDK VHLQH
6FKZHVWHUIUDJHQGDQª7RP©VDJWHVLHPLWZDQNHQGHU6WLPPHXQG
UDQJ GLH +lQGH LQ LKUHP 3HO]PXII ªGX PX‰W HV KHUJHEHQ«
YRUOlXILJDXVOHJHQ«GX PX‰W VLH ELWWHVWHOOHQ GLH.DXWLRQ«:LU
KDEHQ VLH QLFKW« :RKHU VROOWHQ ZLU MHW]W IQIXQG]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQG
.XUDQWPDUN QHKPHQ"« 'X ZLUVW VLH YROO XQG JDQ]
]XUFNEHNRPPHQ« DFK ZRKO QXU ]X EDOG« GX YHUVWHKVW« HV LVW
HLQJHWUHWHQ GD‰« NXU] GHU 3UR]H‰ LVW DXI GHP 3XQNWH GD‰
+DJHQVWU|P VRIRUWLJH 9HUKDIWXQJ RGHU HLQH .DXWLRQ YRQ
IQIXQG]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQG.XUDQWPDUNEHDQWUDJWKDW8QG:HLQVFKHQN
JLEWGLUVHLQ(KUHQZRUWDQ2UWXQG6WHOOH]XEOHLEHQ«©
ª,VW HV ZLUNOLFK VR ZHLW JHNRPPHQ© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU
NRSIVFKWWHOQGª-DGDKLQKDEHQVLH HV JHEUDFKWGLH 6FKXUNHQ GLH
(OHQGHQ«© 8QG PLW HLQHP $XIVFKOXFK]HQ RKQPlFKWLJHQ =RUQHV
VDQN )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU LQ GHQ PLW :DFKVWXFK EHU]RJHQHQ 6HVVHO
GHUQHEHQLKUVWDQGª8QGVLHZHUGHQHVQRFKZHLWHUEULQJHQ7RP
VLHZHUGHQHVELVDQV(QGHIKUHQ«©
ª7RQ\© VDJWH HU XQG VHW]WH VLFK VFKUlJ YRU GHQ
0DKDJRQLVFKUHLEWLVFK VFKOXJ HLQ %HLQ EHU GDV DQGHUH XQG VWW]WH
GHQ.RSILQGLH+DQGǻ6SULFKDXIULFKWLJJODXEVWGXQRFKDQVHLQH
8QVFKXOG"©
6LH VFKOXFK]WH HLQ SDDUPDO XQG DQWZRUWHWH GDQQ OHLVH XQG
YHU]ZHLIHOW ª$FK QHLQ 7RP« :LH N|QQWH LFK GDV ZRKO" *HUDGH
LFK GLH VRYLHO %|VHV HUOHEHQ PX‰WH" ,FK KDEH HV YRQ $QIDQJ DQ
QLFKWUHFKWJHNRQQWREJOHLFKLFKPLFKVRHKUOLFKEHPKWKDEH'DV
/HEHQ ZHL‰W GX PDFKW HV HLQHP VR IXUFKWEDU VFKZHU DQ GLH
8QVFKXOG LUJHQGHLQHV 0HQVFKHQ ]X JODXEHQ« $FK QHLQ PLFK
KDEHQVFKRQVHLWODQJHP=ZHLIHODQVHLQHPJXWHQ*HZLVVHQJHTXlOW
XQG(ULNDVHOEVW«VLHLVWLUUHDQLKPJHZRUGHQ«VLHKDWHVPLUPLW
:HLQHQ JHVWDQGHQ« LUUH DQ LKP JHZRUGHQ GXUFK VHLQ %HWUDJHQ ]X
+DXVH:LUKDEHQQDWUOLFKJHVFKZLHJHQ«6HLQH$X‰HQVHLWHZXUGH
LPPHU UDXKHU« XQG GDEHL YHUODQJWH HU LPPHU VWUHQJHU GD‰ (ULND
KHLWHU VHLQ XQG VHLQH 6RUJHQ ]HUVWUHXHQ VROOWH XQG ]HUVFKOXJ
*HVFKLUU ZHQQ VLHHUQVW ZDU 'X ZHL‰WQLFKW ZLH HV ZDU ZHQQ HU


VLFK VSlW DEHQGV QRFK VWXQGHQODQJ PLW VHLQHQ $NWHQ HLQVFKOR‰«
XQG ZHQQ PDQ NORSIWH VR K|UWH PDQ ZLH HU DXIVSUDQJ XQG ULHI
¾:HULVWGD:DVLVWGD½«©
6LH VFKZLHJHQ ª$EHU P|JH HU GRFK VFKXOGLJ VHLQ 0|JH HU VLFK
GRFK YHUJDQJHQ KDEHQ© EHJDQQ )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU DXIV QHXH XQG
KLHUEHL VFKZROO LKUH 6WLPPH DQ ª(U KDW QLFKW IU VHLQH 7DVFKH
JHDUEHLWHW VRQGHUQ IU GLH GHU *HVHOOVFKDIW XQG GDQQ« +HUU GX
PHLQ*RWWHVJLEWGRFK5FNVLFKWHQ]XEHREDFKWHQLQGLHVHP/HEHQ
7RP (U KDW QXQ HLQPDO LQ XQVHUH )DPLOLH KLQHLQJHKHLUDWHW« HU
JHK|UWQXQHLQPDO]XXQV«0DQNDQQHLQHQYRQXQVGRFKQLFKWLQV
*HIlQJQLVVSHUUHQJUXQGJWLJHU+LPPHO«©
(U ]XFNWH GLH $FKVHOQ ª'X ]XFNVW GLH $FKVHOQ 7RP« 'X ELVW
DOVR ZLOOHQV HV ]X GXOGHQ HV KLQ]XQHKPHQ GD‰ GLHVHV *HVFKPHL‰
VLFK HUIUHFKW GHU 6DFKH GLH .URQH DXI]XVHW]HQ" 0DQ PX‰ GRFK
LUJHQG HWZDV WXQ (U GDUI GRFK QLFKW YHUXUWHLOW ZHUGHQ« 'X ELVW
GRFKGHV%UJHUPHLVWHUV UHFKWH +DQG« PHLQ *RWW NDQQ GHU 6HQDW
LKQ GHQQ QLFKW VRIRUW EHJQDGLJHQ"« ,FK ZLOO GLU VDJHQ« HEHQ
EHYRULFK]XGLUNDPZDULFKLP%HJULIIH]X&UHPHU]XJHKHQXQG
LKQ DXI DOOH :HLVH DQ]XIOHKHQ HU P|JH LQWHUYHQLHUHQ P|JH LQ GLH
6DFKHHLQJUHLIHQ«(ULVW3ROL]HLFKHI«©
ª2K.LQGZDVIU7RUKHLWHQ©
ª7RUKHLWHQ7RP"±8QG(ULND"8QGGDV.LQG"©VDJWHVLHXQGKRE
LKPIOHKHQGGHQ0XIIHQWJHJHQLQGHPLKUHEHLGHQ+lQGHVWHFNWHQ
'DQQ VFKZLHJ VLH HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN XQG OLH‰ GLH $UPH VLQNHQ LKU
0XQG YHUEUHLWHUWH VLFK LKU .LQQ GDV VLFK NUDXV ]XVDPPHQ]RJ
JHULHW LQ ]LWWHUQGH %HZHJXQJ XQG ZlKUHQG XQWHU LKUHQ JHVHQNWHQ
/LGHUQ]ZHLJUR‰H7UlQHQKHUYRUTXROOHQIJWHVLHJDQ]OHLVHKLQ]X
ª8QGLFK«"©
ª2K7RQ\&RXUDJH©VDJWHGHU6HQDWRUXQGJHUKUWXQGHUJULIIHQ
YRQLKUHU+LOIORVLJNHLWUFNWHHULKUQDKHXPLKUWU|VWHQGGDV+DDU
]XUFN]XVWUHLFKHQª1RFKLVWQLFKWDOOHU7DJH$EHQG1RFKLVWHUMD
QLFKWYHUXUWHLOW(VNDQQMDDOOHVJXWJHKHQ-HW]WVWHOOHLFKHUVWHLQPDO
GLH .DXWLRQ LFK VDJH QDWUOLFK QLFKW QHLQ GD]X 8QG GDQQ LVW
%UHVODXHUMDHLQVFKODXHU0HQVFK«©
6LH VFKWWHOWH ZHLQHQG GHQ .RSI ª1HLQ 7RP HV ZLUG QLFKW JXW
JHKHQ LFK JODXEH QLFKW GDUDQ 6LH ZHUGHQ LKQ YHUXUWHLOHQ XQG


HLQVWHFNHQ XQG GDQQ NRPPW HLQH VFKZHUH =HLW IU (ULND XQG GDV
.LQG XQG PLFK ,KUH 0LWJLIW LVW QLFKW PHKU GD VLH VWHFNW LQ GHU
$XVVWDWWXQJLQGHQ0|EHOQXQGGHQ%LOGHUQ«XQG EHLP 9HUNDXIH
EHNRPPWPDQNDXPHLQ9LHUWHOKHUDXV«8QGGDV*HKDOWKDEHQZLU
LPPHU YHUEUDXFKW« :HLQVFKHQN KDW QLFKWV ]XUFNJHOHJW :LU
ZHUGHQZLHGHU]X0XWWHU]LHKHQZHQQVLHHVHUODXEWELVHUZLHGHU
DXI IUHLHP )X‰H LVW« XQG GDQQ ZLUG HV EHLQDKH QRFK VFKOLPPHU
GHQQZRKLQGDQQPLWLKP XQG XQV"« :LU N|QQHQ HLQIDFK DXI GHQ
6WHLQHQVLW]HQ©VDJWHVLHVFKOXFK]HQG
ª$XIGHQ6WHLQHQ"©
ª1XQMDGDVLVWHLQH5HGHZHQGXQJ«HLQHELOGOLFKH«$FKQHLQHV
ZLUGQLFKWJXWJHKHQ$XIPLFKLVW]XYLHOHVKHUDEJHNRPPHQ«LFK
ZHL‰QLFKWZRPLWLFKHVYHUGLHQWKDEH«DEHULFKNDQQQLFKWPHKU
KRIIHQ 1XQ ZLUG HV (ULND HUJHKHQ ZLH HV PLU PLW *UQOLFK XQG
3HUPDQHGHU HUJDQJHQ LVW« $EHU MHW]W NDQQVW GX HV VHKHQ MHW]W
NDQQVWGXHVDXVQlFKVWHU1lKHEHXUWHLOHQZLHHVLVWZLHHVNRPPW
ZLH HV EHU HLQHQ KHUHLQEULFKW .DQQ PDQ QXQ HWZDV GDIU" 7RP
LFK ELWWH GLFK NDQQ PDQ QXQ HWZDV GDIU© ZLHGHUKROWH VLH XQG
QLFNWH LKP WURVWORV IUDJHQG PLW JUR‰HQ WUlQHQYROOHQ $XJHQ ]X
ª$OOHV LVW IHKOJHVFKODJHQ XQG KDW VLFK ]XP 8QJOFN JHZDQGW ZDV
LFK XQWHUQRPPHQ KDEH« 8QG LFK KDEH VR JXWH $EVLFKWHQ JHKDEW
*RWWZHL‰HV«,FKKDEHLPPHUVRLQQLJJHZQVFKWHV]XHWZDV]X
EULQJHQ LP /HEHQ XQG HLQ EL‰FKHQ (KUH HLQ]XOHJHQ« 1XQ EULFKW
DXFKGLHV]XVDPPHQ6RPX‰HVHQGHQ«'DV/HW]WH«©
8QG DQ VHLQHQ $UP JHOHKQW GHQ HU EHVlQIWLJHQG XP VLH JHOHJW
KDWWH ZHLQWH VLH EHU LKU YHUIHKOWHV /HEHQ LQ GHP QXQ GLH OHW]WHQ
+RIIQXQJHQHUORVFKHQZDUHQ
(LQH :RFKH VSlWHU ZDUG 'LUHNWRU +XJR :HLQVFKHQN ]X HLQHU
*HIlQJQLVVWUDIH YRQ GUHL -DKUHQ XQG HLQHP KDOEHQ YHUXUWHLOW XQG
VRIRUWLQ+DIWJHQRPPHQ
'HU$QGUDQJ]XGHU6LW]XQJZHOFKHGLH3ODLGR\HUVJHEUDFKWKDWWH
ZDU VHKU JUR‰ JHZHVHQ XQG 5HFKWVDQZDOW 'RNWRU %UHVODXHU DXV
%HUOLQ KDWWH JHUHGHW ZLH PDQ QLHPDOV HLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ KDWWH UHGHQ
K|UHQ'HU0DNOHU6LJLVPXQG*|VFKJLQJZRFKHQODQJ]LVFKHQGYRU
%HJHLVWHUXQJEHUGLHVH,URQLHGLHVHV3DWKRVGLHVH5KUXQJXPKHU
XQG &KULVWLDQ %XGGHQEURRN GHU HEHQIDOOV ]XJHJHQ JHZHVHQ ZDU


VWHOOWHVLFKLP.OXEKLQWHUHLQHQ7LVFKOHJWHHLQ3DNHW=HLWXQJHQDOV
$NWHQ YRU VLFK KLQ XQG OLHIHUWH HLQH YROOHQGHWH .RSLH GHV
9HUWHLGLJHUVhEULJHQVHUNOlUWHHU]X+DXVHGLH-XULVSUXGHQ]VHLGHU
VFK|QVWH %HUXI MD GDV ZlUH HLQ %HUXI IU LKQ JHZHVHQ« 6HOEVW
6WDDWVDQZDOW 'RNWRU +DJHQVWU|P GHU MD HLQ 6FK|QJHLVW ZDU WDW
SULYDWH bX‰HUXQJHQ GLH GDKLQ JLQJHQ GD‰ %UHVODXHUV 5HGH LKP
HLQHQ ZLUNOLFKHQ *HQX‰ EHUHLWHW KDEH $EHU GDV 7DOHQW GHV
EHUKPWHQ $GYRNDWHQ KDWWH QLFKW JHKLQGHUW GD‰ GLH -XULVWHQ GHU
6WDGW LKP DXI GLH 6FKXOWHU JHNORSIW XQG LKP LQ DOOHU %RQKRPLH
PLWJHWHLOWKDWWHQVLHOLH‰HQVLFKQLFKWVZHLVPDFKHQ«
'DQQ QDFKGHP GLH 9HUNlXIH GLH QDFK GHV 'LUHNWRUV
9HUVFKZLQGHQ QRWZHQGLJ ZXUGHQ EHHQGHW ZDUHQ EHJDQQ PDQ LQ
GHU 6WDGW +XJR :HLQVFKHQN ]X YHUJHVVHQ $EHU GLH 'DPHQ
%XGGHQEURRNDXVGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HEHNDQQWHQQXQGRQQHUVWDJV DQ
GHU)DPLOLHQWDIHOVRIRUWEHLPHUVWHQ$QEOLFNHGLHVHV0DQQHVKlWWHQ
VLH HV LKP DQ GHQ $XJHQ DQJHVHKHQ GD‰ PLW LKP QLFKW DOOHV LQ
2UGQXQJVHLGD‰VHLQ &KDUDNWHU YROOHU 0DNHOVHLQ PVVH XQGGD‰
HV NHLQ JXWHV (QGH PLW LKP QHKPHQ ZHUGH 5FNVLFKWHQ GLH QLFKW
OLHEHU DX‰HU DFKW JHODVVHQ ]X KDEHQ VLH MHW]W EHGDXHUWHQ KlWWHQ VLH
YHUDQOD‰W EHU GLHVH WUDXULJH (UNHQQWQLV 6WLOOVFKZHLJHQ ]X
EHREDFKWHQ


1(817(57(,/

(UVWHV.DSLWHO

+LQWHU GHQ EHLGHQ +HUUHQ GHP DOWHQ 'RNWRU *UDERZ XQG GHP
MXQJHQ'RNWRU/DQJKDOVHLQHP$QJHK|ULJHQGHU)DPLOLH/DQJKDOV
GHU HWZD VHLW HLQHP -DKUH LQ GHU 6WDGW SUDNWL]LHUWH WUDW 6HQDWRU
%XGGHQEURRN DXV GHP 6FKODI]LPPHU GHU .RQVXOLQ LQ GDV
)UKVWFNV]LPPHU XQG VFKOR‰ GLH 7U ª'DUI LFK 6LH ELWWHQ PHLQH
+HUUHQ«DXIHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFN©VDJWHHUXQGIKUWHVLHGLH7UHSSH
KLQDXI EHU GHQ .RUULGRU XQG GXUFK GLH 6lXOHQKDOOH LQV
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU ZR GHV IHXFKWHQ XQG NDOWHQ +HUEVWZHWWHUV
ZHJHQVFKRQJHKHL]WZDUª0HLQH6SDQQXQJZLUG,KQHQEHJUHLIOLFK
VHLQ« 1HKPHQ 6LH 3ODW] %HUXKLJHQ 6LH PLFK ZHQQ HV LUJHQG
P|JOLFKLVW©
ª3RW]WDXVHQG PHLQ OLHEHU 6HQDWRU© DQWZRUWHWH 'RNWRU *UDERZ
GHUVLFKGDV.LQQLQGHU+DOVELQGHEHTXHP]XUFNJHOHKQWKDWWHXQG
GLH +XWNUHPSH PLW EHLGHQ +lQGHQ JHJHQ VHLQHQ 0DJHQ JHVWHPPW
KLHOWZlKUHQG'RNWRU/DQJKDOVHLQXQWHUVHW]WHUEUQHWWHU+HUUPLW
VSLW]JHVFKQLWWHQHP %DUW DXIUHFKW VWHKHQGHP +DDU VFK|QHQ $XJHQ
XQG HLQHP HLWOHQ *HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN VHLQHQ =\OLQGHU QHEHQ VLFK DXI
GHQ 7HSSLFK JHVWHOOW KDWWH XQG VHLQH DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK NOHLQHQ
VFKZDU]EHKDDUWHQ+lQGHEHWUDFKWHWH«ª)ULUJHQGZHOFKHHUQVWOLFKH
%HXQUXKLJXQJ LVW QDWUOLFK IUV HUVWH SODWWHUGLQJV NHLQH 8UVDFKH
YRUKDQGHQLFKELWWH6LH«HLQH3DWLHQWLQYRQGHUYHUKlOWQLVPl‰LJHQ
:LGHUVWDQGVNUDIW XQVHUHU YHUHKUWHQ )UDX .RQVXOLQ« 0HLQHU 7UHX
DOV JHGLHQWHU 5DWJHEHU NHQQH LFK GLHVH :LGHUVWDQGVNUDIW )U LKUH
-DKUHZLUNOLFKHUVWDXQOLFK«ZDVLFK,KQHQVDJH«©
ª-DHEHQLQLKUHQ-DKUHQ«©VDJWHGHU6HQDWRUXQUXKLJXQGGUHKWH
DQGHUODQJHQ6SLW]HVHLQHV6FKQXUUEDUWHVª,FKVDJHQDWUOLFKQLFKW
GD‰ ,KUH OLHEH )UDX 0XWWHU ZLUG PRUJHQ ZLHGHU 6SD]LHUHQJHKHQ
N|QQHQ© IXKU 'RNWRU *UDERZ VDQIWPWLJ IRUW ª'LHVHQ (LQGUXFN
ZLUGGLH3DWLHQWLQQLFKWDXI6LHJHPDFKWKDEHQOLHEHU6HQDWRU(VLVW
MD QLFKW ]X OHXJQHQ GD‰ GHU .DWDUUK VHLW YLHUXQG]ZDQ]LJ 6WXQGHQ
HLQH lUJHUOLFKH :HQGXQJ JHQRPPHQ KDW 'HU 6FKWWHOIURVW JHVWHUQ


DEHQGJHILHOPLUQLFKWUHFKWXQGKHXWHJLEWHVGDQXQZDKUKDIWLJHLQ
EL‰FKHQ 6HLWHQVWHFKHQ XQG .XU]OXIWLJNHLW (WZDV )LHEHU LVW DXFK
YRUKDQGHQ ± RK XQEHGHXWHQG DEHU HV LVW )LHEHU .XU] OLHEHU
6HQDWRUPDQPX‰VLFKZRKOPLWGHUYHUWUDFNWHQ7DWVDFKHDEILQGHQ
GD‰GLH/XQJHHLQEL‰FKHQDIIL]LHUWLVW«©
ª/XQJHQHQW]QGXQJ DOVR"© IUDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU XQG EOLFNWH YRQ
HLQHP$U]WH]XPDQGHUQ«
ª-D  3QHXPRQLD© VDJWH 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV PLW HUQVWHU XQG
NRUUHNWHU 9HUEHXJXQJ ª$OOHUGLQJV HLQH NOHLQH UHFKWVVHLWLJH
/XQJHQHQW]QGXQJ© DQWZRUWHWH GHU +DXVDU]W ªGLH ZLU VHKU
VRUJIlOWLJ]XORNDOLVLHUHQWUDFKWHQPVVHQ«©
ª'DQDFK LVW LPPHUKLQ *UXQG ]X HUQVWHU %HVRUJQLV YRUKDQGHQ"©
'HU6HQDWRUVD‰JDQ]VWLOOXQGVDKGHP6SUHFKHQGHQXQYHUZDQGWLQV
*HVLFKW ª%HVRUJQLV" 2K« ZLU PVVHQ ZLH JHVDJW GDUXP EHVRUJW
VHLQ GLH (UNUDQNXQJ HLQ]XVFKUlQNHQ GHQ +XVWHQ ]X PLOGHUQ GHP
)LHEHU]X/HLEH]XJHKHQQXQGDV&KLQLQZLUGVHLQH6FKXOGLJNHLW
WXQ« 8QGGDQQQRFKHLQV OLHEHU 6HQDWRU .HLQH 6FKUHFNKDIWLJNHLW
GHQ HLQ]HOQHQ 6\PSWRPHQ JHJHQEHU QLFKW ZDKU" 6ROOWH VLFK GLH
$WHPQRW HLQ ZHQLJ YHUVWlUNHQ VROOWH LQ GHU 1DFKW YLHOOHLFKW HWZDV
'HOLULXP VWDWWILQGHQ RGHU PRUJHQ HLQ EL‰FKHQ $XVZXUI VLFK
HLQVWHOOHQ« ZLVVHQ 6LH VR HLQ URWEUlXQKFKHU $XVZXUI ZHQQ DXFK
%OXWGDEHLLVW«'DVLVWDOOHVGXUFKDXVORJLVFKGXUFKDXV]XU6DFKH
JHK|ULJ GXUFKDXV QRUPDO %HUHLWHQ 6LH ELWWH DXFK XQVHUH KHEH
YHUHKUWH0DGDPH3HUPDQHGHUGDUDXIYRUGLHMDGLH3IOHJHPLWVRYLHO
+LQJHEXQJOHLWHW$SURSRVZLHJHKW HV LKU" ,FK KDEH JDQ] XQG JDU
]XIUDJHQYHUJHVVHQZLHHVLQGHQOHW]WHQ7DJHQ PLW LKUHP 0DJHQ
JHZHVHQLVW«©
ª:LH JHZ|KQOLFK ,FK ZHL‰ QLFKWV 1HXHV 'LH 6RUJH XP LKU
%HILQGHQWULWWMDMHW]WQDWXUJHPl‰HWZDV]XUFN«©
ª9HUVWHKW VLFK hEULJHQV« PLU NRPPW GDEHL HLQ *HGDQNH ,KUH
)UDX 6FKZHVWHU KDW 5XKH Q|WLJ EHVRQGHUV LQ GHU 1DFKW XQG
0DPVHOO 6HYHULQ DOOHP GUIWH GRFK ZRKO QLFKW DXVUHLFKHQ« ZLH
ZlUH HV PLW HLQHU 3IOHJHULQ OLHEHU 6HQDWRU" :LU KDEHQ GD XQVHUH
JXWHQ NDWKROLVFKHQ *UDXHQ 6FKZHVWHUQ IU GLH 6LH LPPHU VR
ZRKOZROOHQG HLQWUHWHQ« 'LH 6FKZHVWHU 2EHULQ ZLUG VLFK IUHXHQ
,KQHQGLHQHQ]XN|QQHQ©


ª6LHKDOWHQGDVDOVRIUQ|WLJ"©
ª,FKEULQJHHVLQ9RUVFKODJ(VLVWVRDQJHQHKP«'LH6FKZHVWHUQ
VLQG XQVFKlW]EDU 6LH ZLUNHQ PLW LKUHU (UIDKUHQKHLW XQG
%HVRQQHQKHLW VR EHUXKLJHQG DXI GLH .UDQNHQ« JHUDGH EHL GLHVHQ
.UDQNKHLWHQ GLH ZLH JHVDJW PLW HLQHU 5HLKH YRQ HWZDV
XQKHLPOLFKHQ 6\PSWRPHQ YHUEXQGHQ VLQG« $OVR XP HV ]X
ZLHGHUKROHQUXKLJ%OXWQLFKWZDKUPHLQOLHEHU6HQDWRU"hEULJHQV
ZHUGHQZLUMDVHKHQ«ZLUZHUGHQMDVHKHQ«:LUVSUHFKHQMDKHXWH
DEHQGQRFKHLQPDOYRU©
ª=XYHUVLFKWOLFK© VDJWH 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV QDKP VHLQHQ =\OLQGHU
XQG HUKRE VLFK JOHLFK]HLWLJ PLW VHLQHP lOWHUHQ .ROOHJHQ $EHU GHU
6HQDWRUEOLHEQRFKVLW]HQHU ZDU QRFKQLFKWIHUWLJ KDWWH QRFK HLQH
)UDJHLP6LQQHZROOWHQRFKHLQH3UREHPDFKHQ«ª0HLQH+HUUHQ©
VDJWHHUªHLQ:RUWQRFK«0HLQ%UXGHU&KULVWLDQLVWQHUY|VNXU]
HU YHUWUlJW QLFKW YLHO« 5DWHQ 6LH PLU LKP YRQ GHU (UNUDQNXQJ
0LWWHLOXQJ ]X PDFKHQ" ,KP YLHOOHLFKW« GLH 5FNNHKU
QDKH]XOHJHQ"©
ª,KU%UXGHU&KULVWLDQLVWQLFKWLQGHU6WDGW"©
ª1HLQ LQ +DPEXUJ 9RUEHUJHKHQG ,Q *HVFKlIWHQ VRYLHO LFK
ZHL‰«©
'RNWRU *UDERZ ZDUI VHLQHP .ROOHJHQ HLQHQ %OLFN ]X GDQQ
VFKWWHOWHHUGHP6HQDWRUODFKHQGGLH+DQGXQGVDJWHª$OVRODVVHQ
ZLU LKQ UXKLJ EHL VHLQHQ *HVFKlIWHQ :DUXP LKQ XQQW]
HUVFKUHFNHQ"6ROOWHLUJHQGHLQH:HQGXQJLQGHP%HILQGHQHLQWUHWHQ
GLH VHLQH $QZHVHQKHLW ZQVFKHQVZHUW PDFKW VDJHQ ZLU XP GLH
3DWLHQWLQ ]X EHUXKLJHQ LKUH 6WLPPXQJ ]X KHEHQ« QXQ VR ZLUG MD
LPPHUQRFK=HLWVHLQ«LPPHUQRFK=HLW«©
:lKUHQGGLH+HUUHQ EHU 6lXOHQKDOOHXQG.RUULGRU ]XUFNJLQJHQ
XQG DXI GHP 7UHSSHQDEVDW] HLQ :HLOFKHQ VWHKHQEOLHEHQ VSUDFKHQ
VLH EHU DQGHUH 'LQJH EHU 3ROLWLN EHU GLH (UVFKWWHUXQJHQ XQG
8PZlO]XQJHQGHVNDXPEHHQGHWHQ.ULHJHVǻ1XQMHW]W NRPPHQ
JXWH =HLWHQ ZLH +HUU 6HQDWRU" *HOG LP /DQGH« 8QG IULVFKH
6WLPPXQJZHLWXQGEUHLW«©
8QGGHU6HQDWRUVWLPPWHGHPKDOEXQGKDOEEHL(UEHVWlWLJWHGD‰
GHU$XVEUXFKGHV.ULHJHVGHQ9HUNHKULQ*HWUHLGHYRQ5X‰ODQG]X
JUR‰HP $XIVFKZXQJ JHEUDFKW KDEH XQG HUZlKQWH GHU JUR‰HQ


'LPHQVLRQHQ GLH GDPDOV GHU +DIHULPSRUW ]XP =ZHFNH GHU
$UPHHOLHIHUXQJ DQJHQRPPHQ KDEH $EHU GHU 3URILW KDEH VLFK VHKU
XQJOHLFKYHUWHLOW«
'LHbU]WHJLQJHQXQG6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRNZDQGWHVLFKXPQRFK
HLQPDO LQ GDV .UDQNHQ]LPPHU ]XUFN]XNHKUHQ (U EHUOHJWH ZDV
*UDERZ JHVDJW KDWWH« (V KDWWH VRYLHO +LQWHUKlOWLJHV GDQQ
JHOHJHQ« 0DQ KDWWH JHIKOW ZLH HU VLFK YRU HLQHU HQWVFKLHGHQHQ
bX‰HUXQJKWHWH'DVHLQ]LJHNODUH:RUWZDUª/XQJHQHQW]QGXQJ©
JHZHVHQ XQG GLHVHV :RUW ZXUGH QLFKW WU|VWOLFKHU GDGXUFK GD‰
'RNWRU/DQJKDOVHVLQGLH6SUDFKHGHU:LVVHQVFKDIWEHUVHW]WKDWWH
/XQJHQHQW]QGXQJLQGHQ-DKUHQGHU.RQVXOLQ«6FKRQGD‰HV]ZHL
bU]WH ZDUHQ GLH NDPHQ XQG JLQJHQ JDE GHU 6DFKH HLQHQ
EHXQUXKLJHQGHQ $VSHNW *UDERZ KDWWH GDV JDQ] OHLFKWKLQ XQG IDVW
XQPHUNOLFK DUUDQJLHUW (U JHGHQNH VLFK EHU NXU] RGHU ODQJ ]XU
5XKH]XVHW]HQKDWWHHUJHVDJWXQGGDGHUMXQJH/DQJKDOVEHUXIHQ
VHL VHLQH 3UD[LV ]X EHUQHKPHQ VR PDFKH HU  *UDERZ  VLFK HLQ
9HUJQJHQ GDUDXV LKQ KLH XQG GD VFKRQ MHW]W KHUDQ]X]LHKHQ XQG
HLQ]XIKUHQ«
$OV GHU 6HQDWRU LQ GDV KDOEGXQNOH 6FKODI]LPPHU WUDW ZDU VHLQH
0LHQH PXQWHU XQG VHLQH +DOWXQJ HQHUJLVFK (U ZDU VR JHZ|KQW
GDUDQ6RUJHXQG0GLJNHLWXQWHUHLQHP$XVGUXFNYRQEHUOHJHQHU
6LFKHUKHLW ]X YHUEHUJHQ GD‰ EHLP gIIQHQ GHU 7U GLHVH 0DVNH
EHLQDKHYRQVHOEVWLQIROJHHLQHVJDQ]NXU]HQ:LOOHQVDNWHVEHUVHLQ
*HVLFKWJHJOLWWHQZDU
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU VD‰ DQ GHP +LPPHOEHWW GHVVHQ 9RUKlQJH
]XUFNJHVFKODJHQ ZDUHQ XQG KLHOW GLH +DQG LKUHU 0XWWHU GLH YRQ
.LVVHQJHVWW]WGHQ.RSIGHP(LQWUHWHQGHQ]XZDQGWHXQGLKP PLW
LKUHQKHOOEODXHQ$XJHQIRUVFKHQGLQV*HVLFKWVDK(VZDUHLQ%OLFN
YROO EHKHUUVFKWHU 5XKH XQG YRQ DQJHVSDQQWHU XQDXVZHLFKOLFKHU
(LQGULQJOLFKNHLW GHU GD HU HLQ ZHQLJ YRQ GHU 6HLWH NDP EHLQDKH
HWZDV/DXHUQGHVKDWWH$EJHVHKHQYRQGHU%OlVVHGHU+DXWGLHDXI
GHQ :DQJHQ HLQ SDDU )OHFNH YRQ ILHEHULJHU 5|WH KHUYRUWUHWHQ OLH‰
]HLJWH GLHV *HVLFKW GXUFKDXV NHLQH 0DWWLJNHLW XQG 6FKZlFKH 'LH
DOWH'DPHZDUVHKUDXIPHUNVDPEHLGHU6DFKHDXIPHUNVDPHUQRFK
DOVLKUH 8PJHEXQJ GHQQ DP (QGH ZDU VLH GLH ]XQlFKVW %HWHLOLJWH
6LHPL‰WUDXWHGLHVHU.UDQNKHLWXQGZDUJDQ]XQGJDUQLFKW JHZLOOW
VLFK DXIV 2KU ]X OHJHQ XQG GHQ 'LQJHQ QDFKJLHELJ LKUHQ /DXI ]X


ODVVHQ ª:DV KDEHQ VLH JHVDJW 7KRPDV"© IUDJWH VLH PLW VR
EHVWLPPWHU XQG OHEKDIWHU 6WLPPH GD‰ VLFK VRIRUW HLQ KHIWLJHU
+XVWHQHLQVWHOOWHGHQVLHPLWJHVFKORVVHQHQ/LSSHQ]XUFN]XKDOWHQ
VXFKWH GHU DEHU KHUYRUEUDFK XQG VLH ]ZDQJ GLH +DQG JHJHQ LKUH
UHFKWH6HLWH]XSUHVVHQ
ª6LHKDEHQJHVDJW©DQWZRUWHWHGHU6HQDWRUDOVGHU$QIDOOYRUEHU
ZDUXQGVWUHLFKHOWHLKUH+DQGªVLHKDEHQJHVDJWGD‰XQVHUHJXWH
0XWWHU LQ HLQ SDDU 7DJHQ ZLHGHU DXI GHQ )X‰HQ VHLQ ZLUG 'D‰ GX
GDVQRFKQLFKWNDQQVWZHL‰WGXGDVKHJWGDUDQGD‰GLHVHUGXPPH
+XVWHQQDWUOLFKGLH/XQJHHLQEL‰FKHQDQJHJULIIHQKDWHVLVWQLFKW
JHUDGH/XQJHQHQW]QGXQJ©VDJWHHUGDHUVDKGD‰LKU%OLFN QRFK
HLQGULQJOLFKHU ZXUGH ªREJOHLFK MD DXFK GDV QRFK QLFKW GDV (QGH
DOOHU'LQJHZlUHDFKGDJLEWHV6FKOLPPHUHV.XU]GLH/XQJHLVW
HWZDV JHUHL]W VDJHQ GLH EHLGHQ XQG GDPLW P|JHQ VLH ZRKO UHFKW
KDEHQ:RLVWGHQQGLH6HYHULQ"©
ª=XU $SRWKHNH© VDJWH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ª6HKW LKU GLH LVW VFKRQ
ZLHGHU LQ GHU $SRWKHNH XQG GX 7RQ\ VLHKVW DXV DOV ZROOWHVW GX
MHGHQ$XJHQEOLFNHLQVFKODIHQ1HLQGDVJHKWQLFKWOlQJHU:HQQHV
DXFKQXUIUHLQSDDU7DJHLVWZLUPVVHQHLQH3IOHJHULQKLHUKDEHQ
PHLQW LKU QLFKW DXFK" :DUWHW LFK ODVVH MHW]W JOHLFK EHL PHLQHU
*UDXHQ6FKZHVWHU2EHULQDQIUDJHQREHLQHGLVSRQLEHOLVW©
ª7KRPDV© VDJWH GLH .RQVXOLQ MHW]W PLW EHKXWVDPHU 6WLPPH XP
GHQ +XVWHQUHL] QLFKW ZLHGHU ]X HQWIHVVHOQ ªJODXEH PLU GX HUUHJVW
$QVWR‰ PLW GHLQHU EHVWlQGLJHQ 3URWHNWLRQ GHU .DWKROLVFKHQ
JHJHQEHU GHQ 6FKZDU]HQ 3URWHVWDQWLVFKHQ 'X KDVW GHQ HLQHQ
GLUHNWH 9RUWHLOH YHUVFKDIIW XQG WXVW QLFKWV IU GLH DQGHUHQ ,FK
YHUVLFKHUH GLFK 3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLP KDW VLFK QHXOLFK PLW GHXWOLFKHQ
:RUWHQEHLPLUGDUEHUEHNODJW©
ª-D GDV QW]W LKP JDU QLFKWV ,FK ELQ EHU]HXJW GD‰ GLH *UDXHQ
6FKZHVWHUQ WUHXHU KLQJHEHQGHU DXIRSIHUXQJVIlKLJHU VLQG DOV GLH
6FKZDU]HQ'LHVH3URWHVWDQWLQQHQGDVLVWQLFKWGDV:DKUH'DVZLOO
VLFK DOOHV EHL HUVWHU *HOHJHQKHLW YHUKHLUDWHQ .XU]XP VLH VLQG
LUGLVFK HJRLVWLVFK RUGLQlU 'LH *UDXHQ VLQG GHJDJLHUWHU MD JDQ]
VLFKHUVLHVWHKHQGHP+LPPHOQlKHU8QGJHUDGHZHLOVLHPLU'DQN
VFKXOGHQVLQGVLHYRU]X]LHKHQ:DVLVW6FKZHVWHU/HDQGUDXQVQLFKW
JHZHVHQDOV+DQQR=DKQNUlPSIHKDWWH,FKZLOOQXUKRIIHQGD‰VLH
IUHLLVW©


8QG6FKZHVWHU/HDQGUDNDP6LHOHJWHVWLOOLKUHNOHLQH+DQGWDVFKH
LKUHQ8PKDQJXQGGLHJUDXH+DXEHDEGLHVLHEHUGHUZHL‰HQWUXJ
XQGJLQJZlKUHQGGHU5RVHQNUDQ]GHUDQLKUHP*UWHOKLQJ OHLVH
NODSSHUWHPLWVDQIWHQXQGIUHXQGOLFKHQ:RUWHQXQG%HZHJXQJHQDQ
LKUH $UEHLW 6LH SIOHJWH GLH YHUZ|KQWH XQG QLFKW LPPHU JHGXOGLJH
.UDQNH7DJXQG1DFKWXQG]RJVLFKGDQQVWXPPXQGIDVWEHVFKlPW
EHU GLH PHQVFKOLFKH 6FKZlFKH GHU VLH XQWHUODJ ]XUFN XP VLFK
YRQHLQHUDQGHUHQ6FKZHVWHUDEO|VHQ]XODVVHQ]X+DXVHHLQZHQLJ
]XVFKODIHQXQGGDQQ]XUFN]XNHKUHQ
'HQQGLH.RQVXOLQYHUODQJWHEHVWlQGLJHQ'LHQVWDQLKUHP%HWWH-H
PHKU VLFK LKU =XVWDQG YHUVFKOLPPHUWH GHVWR PHKU ZDQGWH VLFK LKU
JDQ]HV'HQNHQLKUJDQ]HV,QWHUHVVHLKUHU.UDQNKHLW]XGLHVLHPLW
)XUFKW XQGHLQHP RIIHQNXQGLJHQ QDLYHQ +D‰ EHREDFKWHWH 6LH GLH
HKHPDOLJH :HOWGDPH PLW LKUHU VWLOOHQ QDWUOLFKHQ XQG GDXHUKDIWHQ
/LHEH]XP:RKOOHEHQXQG]XP/HEHQEHUKDXSWKDWWH LKUHOHW]WHQ
-DKUHPLW)U|PPLJNHLWXQG:RKOWlWLJNHLWHUIOOWZDUXP"9LHOOHLFKW
QLFKWQXUDXV3LHWlWJHJHQLKUHQYHUVWRUEHQHQ*DWWHQVRQGHUQ DXFK
DXVGHPXQEHZX‰WHQ7ULHEHGHQ+LPPHOPLWLKUHUVWDUNHQ9LWDOLWlW
]X YHUV|KQHQ XQGLKQ ]X YHUDQODVVHQ LKU GHUHLQVW WURW] LKUHU ]lKHQ
$QKlQJOLFKNHLWDQGDV/HEHQHLQHQVDQIWHQ7RG]XYHUJ|QQHQ"$EHU
VLH NRQQWH QLFKW VDQIW VWHUEHQ 0DQFKHV VFKPHU]OLFKHQ (UOHEQLVVHV
XQJHDFKWHWZDULKUH*HVWDOWYROOVWlQGLJXQJHEHXJWXQGLKU$XJHNODU
JHEOLHEHQ 6LH OLHEWH HV JXWH 0DKO]HLWHQ ]X KDOWHQ VLFK YRUQHKP
XQGUHLFK]XNOHLGHQGDV8QHUIUHXOLFKHZDVXPVLHKHUEHVWDQGRGHU
JHVFKDK ]X EHUVHKHQ ]X YHUWXVFKHQ XQG ZRKOJHIlOOLJ DQ GHP
KRKHQ $QVHKHQ WHLO]XQHKPHQ GDV LKU lOWHVWHU 6RKQ VLFK ZHLW XQG
EUHLWYHUVFKDIIWKDWWH'LHVH.UDQNKHLWGLHVH/XQJHQHQW]QGXQJZDU
LQ LKUHQ DXIUHFKWHQ .|USHU HLQJHEURFKHQ RKQH GD‰ LUJHQGZHOFKH
VHHOLVFKH 9RUDUEHLW LKU GDV =HUVW|UXQJVZHUN HUOHLFKWHUW KDWWH  MHQH
0LQLHUDUEHLWGHV/HLGHQVGLHXQVODQJVDPXQGXQWHU6FKPHU]HQGHP
/HEHQ VHOEVW RGHU GRFK GHQ %HGLQJXQJHQ HQWIUHPGHW XQWHU GHQHQ
ZLUHVHPSIDQJHQKDEHQXQGLQXQVGLHV‰H6HKQVXFKWQDFKHLQHP
(QGH QDFK DQGHUHQ %HGLQJXQJHQ RGHU QDFK GHP )ULHGHQ HUZHFNW
1HLQ GLH DOWH .RQVXOLQ IKOWH ZRKO GD‰ VLH WURW] GHU FKULVWOLFKHQ
/HEHQVIKUXQJ LKUHU OHW]WHQ -DKUH QLFKW HLJHQWOLFK EHUHLW ZDU ]X
VWHUEHQ XQG GHU XQEHVWLPPWH *HGDQNH GD‰ VROOWH GLHV LKUH OHW]WH
.UDQNKHLW VHLQ GLHVH .UDQNKHLW JDQ] VHOEVWlQGLJ LQ OHW]WHU 6WXQGH


XQG LQ JUl‰OLFKHU (LOH PLW .|USHUTXDOHQ LKUHQ :LGHUVWDQG
]HUEUHFKHQ XQG GLH 6HOEVWDXIJDEH KHUEHLIKUHQ PVVH HUIOOWH VLH
PLW$QJVW
6LH EHWHWH YLHO DEHU IDVW PHKU QRFK EHUZDFKWH VLH VRRIW VLH EHL
%HVLQQXQJ ZDU LKUHQ =XVWDQG IKOWH VHOEVW LKUHQ 3XOV PD‰ LKU
)LHEHUEHNlPSIWHLKUHQ+XVWHQ«'HU3XOVDEHU JLQJ VFKOHFKW GDV
)LHEHU VWLHJ GHVWR K|KHU QDFKGHP HV HLQ ZHQLJ JHIDOOHQ ZDU XQG
ZDUIVLHDXV6FKWWHOIURVWHQLQKLW]LJH'HKQHQGHU +XVWHQ GHU PLW
LQQHUHQ 6FKPHU]HQ YHUEXQGHQ ZDU XQG EOXWLJHQ $XVZXUI ]XWDJH
IRUGHUWH QDKP ]X XQG $WHPQRW lQJVWLJWH VLH 'DV DOOHV DEHU NDP
GDKHU GD‰ MHW]W QLFKW PHKU QXU HLQ /DSSHQ GHU UHFKWHQ /XQJH
VRQGHUQGLHJDQ]HUHFKWH/XQJHLQ0LWOHLGHQVFKDIWJH]RJHQZDUMD
GD‰ ZHQQ QLFKW DOOHV WlXVFKWH DXFK VFKRQ DQ GHU OLQNHQ 6HLWH
6SXUHQ GHV 9RUJDQJHV EHPHUNEDU ZDUHQ GHQ 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV
LQGHPHUVHLQH)LQJHUQlJHOEHVDKª+HSDWLVDWLRQ©QDQQWHXQG EHU
GHQ'RNWRU*UDERZVLFKOLHEHUJDUQLFKWZHLWHUDXVOLH‰«'DV)LHEHU
]HKUWH XQDEOlVVLJ 'HU 0DJHQ EHJDQQ ]X YHUVDJHQ 8QDXIKDOWVDP
PLW]lKHU/DQJVDPNHLWVFKULWWGHU.UlIWHYHUIDOOYRUZlUWV
6LHYHUIROJWHLKQQDKPZHQQVLHLUJHQGGD]XLPVWDQGHZDUHLIULJ
GLHNRQ]HQWULHUWH1DKUXQJGLHPDQLKUERWKLHOWVRUJOLFKHUQRFKDOV
LKUH 3IOHJHULQQHQ GLH 6WXQGHQ GHV 0HGL]LQLHUHQVLQQH XQG ZDU YRQ
DOOGHPVRLQ$QVSUXFKJHQRPPHQGD‰VLHEHLQDKHQXUQRFKPLWGHQ
bU]WHQ VSUDFK XQG ZHQLJVWHQV QXU LP *HVSUlFKH PLW LKQHQ
DXIULFKWLJHV ,QWHUHVVH DQ GHQ 7DJ OHJWH %HVXFKH GLH DQIlQJOLFK
YRUJHODVVHQZXUGHQ)UHXQGLQQHQ0LWJOLHGHUGHV-HUXVDOHPVDEHQGV
DOWH 'DPHQ DXV GHU *HVHOOVFKDIW XQG 3DVWRUVJDWWLQQHQ HPSILQJ VLH
DSDWKLVFKRGHUPLW]HUVWUHXWHU+HU]OLFKNHLWXQGHQWOLH‰VLHUDVFK,KUH
$QJHK|ULJHQ HPSIDQGHQ SHLQOLFK GLH *OHLFKJOWLJNHLW PLW GHU GLH
DOWH 'DPH LKQHQ EHJHJQHWH VLH QDKP VLFK ZLH HLQH $UW
*HULQJVFKlW]XQJ DXV GLH EHVDJWH ¾,KU N|QQW PLU MD GRFK QLFKW
KHOIHQ½6HOEVWGHPNOHLQHQ+DQQRGHULQHLQHUHUWUlJOLFKHQ6WXQGH
HLQJHODVVHQ ZXUGH VWULFK VLH QXU IOFKWLJ EHU GLH :DQJH XQG
ZDQGWHVLFKGDQQDE(VZDUDOVZROOWHVLHVDJHQ¾.LQGHULKUVHLG
DOOH OLHEH /HXWH DEHU LFK  LFK PX‰ YLHOOHLFKW VWHUEHQ½ 'LH EHLGHQ
bU]WH GDJHJHQ HPSILQJ VLH PLW OHEKDIWHU XQG LQWHUHVVLHUWHU :lUPH
XPHLQJHKHQGPLWLKQHQ]XNRQIHULHUHQ«


(LQHV 7DJHV HUVFKLHQHQ GLH DOWHQ 'DPHQ *HUKDUGW GLH
1DFKNRPPHQ 3DXO *HUKDUGWV 6LH NDPHQ LQ LKUHQ 0DQWLOOHQ LKUHQ
WHOOHUDUWLJHQ +WHQ XQG LKUHQ 3URYLDQWWDVFKHQ YRQ $UPHQEHVXFKHQ
XQG PDQ NRQQWH LKQHQ QLFKW YHUZHKUHQ LKUH NUDQNH )UHXQGLQ ]X
VHKHQ0DQOLH‰VLHDOOHLQPLWLKUXQG*RWWDOOHPZHL‰ZDVVLH]X
LKUVSUDFKHQZlKUHQGVLHDQLKUHP%HWWHVD‰HQ$OVVLHDEHUJLQJHQ
ZDUHQ LKUH $XJHQ XQG *HVLFKWV]JH QRFK NODUHU QRFK PLOGHU XQG
VHOLJ YHUVFKORVVHQHU DOV YRUKHU XQG GULQQHQ ODJ GLH .RQVXOLQ PLW
HEHQVROFKHQ $XJHQ XQG HEHQVROFKHP *HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN ODJ JDQ]
VWLOOJDQ]IULHGOLFKIULHGOLFKHUDOVMHPDOVLKU$WHPJLQJVHOWHQXQG
VDQIW XQG VLH ILHO HUVLFKWOLFK YRQ 6FKZlFKH ]X 6FKZlFKH )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU GLH GHQ 'DPHQ *HUKDUGW HLQ VWDUNHV :RUW
QDFKUQXUPHOWHVFKLFNWHVRIRUW]XGHQbU]WHQXQGNDXPHUVFKLHQHQ
GLH EHLGHQ +HUUHQ LP 5DKPHQ GHU 7U DOV HLQH YROOVWlQGLJH HLQH
YHUEOIIHQGH 9HUlQGHUXQJ PLW GHU .RQVXOLQ YRU VLFK JLQJ 6LH
HUZDFKWHVLHJHULHWLQ%HZHJXQJVLHULFKWHWHVLFKEHLQDKHDXI'HU
$QEOLFN GLHVHU 0lQQHU GLHVHU EHLGHQ QRWGUIWLJ XQWHUULFKWHWHQ
0HGL]LQHUJDEVLHPLWHLQHP 6FKODJH GHU (UGH ZLHGHU 6LH VWUHFNWH
LKQHQGLH+lQGHHQWJHJHQEHLGH+lQGHXQGILQJDQª6HLHQ6LHPLU
ZLOONRPPHQPHLQH+HUUHQ'LH6DFKHQVWHKHQQXQVRGD‰KHXWHLP
/DXIGHV7DJHV«©
$EHU HV ZDU OlQJVW GHU 7DJ JHNRPPHQ GD GLH GRSSHOVHLWLJH
/XQJHQHQW]QGXQJ QLFKW PHKU ZHJ]XOHXJQHQ JHZHVHQ ZDU ª-D
PHLQOLHEHU+HUU6HQDWRU©KDWWH'RNWRU*UDERZJHVDJWXQG7KRPDV
%XGGHQEURRNV+lQGHJHQRPPHQǻ:LUKDEHQHVQLFKWYHUKLQGHUQ
N|QQHQ HVLVWQXQ GRSSHOVHLWLJ XQG GDV LVWLPPHU EHGHQNOLFK ZLH
6LHVRJXWZLVVHQZLHLFKLFKPDFKH,KQHQNHLQ ;IUHLQ 8« (V
LVWREGHU3DWLHQWQXQ]ZDQ]LJRGHUVLHEHQ]LJ-DKUHDOWLVWLQMHGHP
)DOOH HLQH 6DFKH GLH PDQ HUQVW QHKPHQ PX‰ XQG ZHQQ 6LH PLFK
GDKHU KHXWH QRFK HLQPDO IUDJWHQ RE 6LH ,KUHP +HUUQ %UXGHU
&KULVWLDQVFKUHLEHQLKP YLHOOHLFKWHLQ NOHLQHV7HOHJUDPP VFKLFNHQ
VROOWHQ VR ZUGH LFK QLFKW DEUDWHQ LFK ZXUGH PLFK EHVLQQHQ 6LH
GDYRQ DE]XKDOWHQ« :LH JHKW HV LKP EULJHQV" (LQ VSD‰KDIWHU
0DQQLFKKDEHLKQLPPHUKHU]OLFKJHUQJHKDEW«8P*RWWHVZLOOHQ
]LHKHQ 6LH NHLQH EHUWULHEHQHQ )ROJHUXQJHQ DXV PHLQHQ :RUWHQ
OLHEHU6HQDWRU1LFKWDOVREQXQHLQHXQPLWWHOEDUH*HIDKUYRUOlJH«
DFK ZDV LFK ELQ W|ULFKW GDV :RUW LQ GHQ 0XQG ]X QHKPHQ $EHU


XQWHU GLHVHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVHQ ZLVVHQ 6LH PX‰ PDQ LPPHU DXV GHU
)HUQH PLW XQYRUKHUVHKEDUHQ =XIlOOLJNHLWHQ UHFKQHQ  0LW ,KUHU
YHUHKUWHQ)UDX0XWWHUDOV3DWLHQWLQVLQGZLUMDJDQ]DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK
]XIULHGHQ 6LH KLOIW XQV ZDFNHU VLH OD‰W XQV QLFKW LP 6WLFK« QHLQ
RKQH .RPSOLPHQW DOV 3DWLHQWLQ LVW VLH XQEHUWUHIIOLFK 8QG GDUXP
KRIIHQPHLQOLHEHU+HUU6HQDWRUKRIIHQ/DVVHQ6LHXQVLPPHUGDV
%HVWHKRIIHQ©
$EHU HV NRPPW HLQ $XJHQEOLFN YRQ GHP DQ GLH +RIIQXQJ GHU
$QJHK|ULJHQ HWZDV .QVWOLFKHV XQG 8QDXIULFKWLJHV LVW 6FKRQ KDW
VLFK HLQH 9HUlQGHUXQJ PLW GHP .UDQNHQ YROO]RJHQ XQG HWZDV GHU
3HUVRQ)UHPGHVGLHHULP/HEHQGDUVWHOOWHLVWLQVHLQHP%HQHKPHQ
*HZLVVH VHOWVDPH :RUWH NRPPHQ DXV VHLQHP 0XQGH DXI GLH ZLU
QLFKW]XDQWZRUWHQYHUVWHKHQXQGGLHLKPJOHLFKVDPGHQ5FNZHJ
DEVFKQHLGHQ XQG LKQ GHP 7RGH YHUSIOLFKWHQ 8QG ZlUH HU XQV GHU
/LHEVWHZLUN|QQHQQDFKDOOGHPQLFKWPHKUZROOHQGD‰HUDXIVWHKH
XQGZDQGOH:UGHHUHVGHQQRFKWXQVRZUGHHU*UDXHQXPVLFK
YHUEUHLWHQZLHHLQHUGHUGHP6DUJHHQWVWLHJHQ«
*Ul‰OLFKH 0HUNPDOH GHU EHJLQQHQGHQ $XIO|VXQJ ]HLJWHQ VLFK
ZlKUHQG GLH 2UJDQH YRQ HLQHP ]lKHQ :LOOHQ LQ *DQJ JHKDOWHQ
QRFKDUEHLWHWHQ'DVHLWGLH.RQVXOLQVLFKPLWHLQHP.DWDUUKKDWWH
]X %HWWH OHJHQ PVVHQ :RFKHQ YHUJDQJHQ ZDUHQ VR KDWWHQ VLFK
GXUFK GDV /LHJHQ DQ LKUHP .|USHU PHKUHUH :XQGHQ JHELOGHW GLH
VLFK QLFKW PHKU VFKORVVHQ XQG LQ HLQHQ IUFKWHUOLFKHQ =XVWDQG
EHUJLQJHQ 6LH VFKOLHI QLFKW PHKU HUVWHQV ZHLO 6FKPHU] +XVWHQ
XQG $WHPQRW VLH GDUDQ KLQGHUWHQ GDQQ DEHU ZHLO VLH VHOEVW VLFK
JHJHQ GHQ 6FKODI DXIOHKQWH XQG VLFK DQ GDV :DFKVHLQ NODPPHUWH
1XUIU0LQXWHQJLQJLKU%HZX‰WVHLQLP)LHEHUXQWHUDEHUDXFKEHL
EHZX‰WHQ6LQQHQVSUDFKVLHODXWPLW3HUVRQHQGLHOlQJVWJHVWRUEHQ
ZDUHQ(LQHV1DFKPLWWDJVLQGHU'lPPHUXQJVDJWHVLHSO|W]OLFKPLW
ODXWHUHWZDVlQJVWOLFKHUDEHULQEUQVWLJHU6WLPPHª-DPHLQOLHEHU
-HDQLFKNRPPH© 8QG GLH 8QPLWWHOEDUNHLW GLHVHU $QWZRUW ZDUVR
WlXVFKHQG GD‰ PDQ QDFKWUlJOLFK GLH 6WLPPH GHV YHUVWRUEHQHQ
.RQVXOV]XK|UHQJODXEWHGHUVLHJHUXIHQKDWWH
&KULVWLDQWUDIHLQHUNDPYRQ+DPEXUJZRVHOEVWHUZLHHUVDJWH
*HVFKlIWH JHKDEW KDWWH XQG YHUZHLOWH EULJHQV QXU NXU]H =HLW LP
.UDQNHQ]LPPHU GDQQ YHUOLH‰ HU HV LQGHP HU VLFK EHU GLH 6WLUQ


VWULFK GLH $XJHQ ZDQGHUQ OLH‰ XQG VDJWH ª'DV LVW MD IXUFKWEDU«
'DVLVWMDIXUFKWEDU«,FKNDQQHVQXQQLFKWPHKU©
$XFK 3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLP HUVFKLHQ VWUHLIWH 6FKZHVWHU /HDQGUD PLW
HLQHPNDOWHQ%OLFNXQGEHWHWHPLWPRGXOLHUHQGHU6WLPPHDP%HWWH
GHU.RQVXOLQ
8QG GDQQ NDP GLH NXU]H %HVVHUXQJ GDV $XIIODFNHUQ HLQ
1DFKODVVHQ GHV )LHEHUV HLQH WlXVFKHQGH 5FNNHKU GHU .UlIWH HLQ
6WLOOHZHUGHQ GHU 6FKPHU]HQ HLQ SDDU NODUH XQG KRIIQXQJVYROOH
bX‰HUXQJHQGLHGHQ8PVWHKHQGHQ7UlQHQGHU)UHXGHLQGLH$XJHQ
WULHEHQǻ.LQGHUZLUEHKDOWHQVLHLKUVROOWVHKHQZLUEHKDOWHQVLH
WURW] DOOHGHP© VDJWH 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN ª:LU KDEHQ VLH
:HLKQDFKWHQEHLXQVXQGHUODXEHQQLFKWGD‰VLHVLFKGDEHLDXIUHJW
ZLHVRQVW«©
$EHU VFKRQ LQ GHU QlFKVWIROJHQGHQ 1DFKW NXU]H =HLW QDFKGHP
*HUGDXQGLKU*DWWH]X%HWWHJHJDQJHQZDUHQZXUGHQVLHYRQVHLWHQ
)UDX3HUPDQHGHUVLQGLH0HQJVWUD‰HEHUXIHQGDGLH.UDQNHPLWGHP
7RGH NlPSIH 'HU :LQG IXKU LQ GHQ NDOWHQ 5HJHQ GHU
KHUQLHGHUJLQJXQGWULHELKQSUDVVHOQGJHJHQGLH)HQVWHUVFKHLEHQ
$OVGHU6HQDWRUXQGVHLQH)UDXGDV=LPPHUEHWUDWHQGDVYRQGHQ
.HU]HQ ]ZHLHU $UPOHXFKWHU HUKHOOW ZDU GLH DXI GHP 7LVFKH
EUDQQWHQ ZDUHQ GLH EHLGHQ bU]WH VFKRQ ]XJHJHQ $XFK &KULVWLDQ
ZDU DXV VHLQHP =LPPHU KHUXQWHUJHKROW ZRUGHQ XQG VD‰ LUJHQGZR
LQGHPHUGHP+LPPHOEHWWHGHQ5FNHQ]XZDQGWHXQGGLH6WLUQWLHI
JHEFNW LQ EHLGH +lQGH VWW]WH 0DQ HUZDUWHWH GHQ %UXGHU GHU
.UDQNHQ .RQVXO -XVWXV .U|JHU QDFK GHP HEHQIDOOV JHVFKLFNW
ZRUGHQ ZDU )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU XQG (ULND :HLQVFKHQN KLHOWHQ VLFK
OHLVH VFKOXFK]HQG DP )X‰HQGH GHV %HWWHV 6FKZHVWHU /HDQGUD XQG
0DPVHOO 6HYHULQ KDWWHQ QLFKWV PHKU ]X WXQ XQG EOLFNWHQ EHWUEW LQ
GDV*HVLFKWGHU6WHUEHQGHQ
'LH.RQVXOLQODJYRQPHKUHUHQ.LVVHQJHVWW]WDXIGHP5FNHQ
XQG LKUH EHLGHQ +lQGH GLHVH VFK|QHQ PDWWEODX JHlGHUWHQ +lQGH
GLHQXQVRPDJHUVRJDQ]DEJH]HKUWZDUHQVWUHLFKHOWHQKDVWLJXQG
XQDXIK|UOLFK PLW ]LWWHUQGHU (LOIHUWLJNHLW GLH 6WHSSGHFNH ,KU .RSI
PLW HLQHU ZHL‰HQ 1DFKWKDXEH EHGHFNW ZDQGWH VLFK RKQH 8QWHUOD‰
PLWHQWVHW]HQHUUHJHQGHU7DNWPl‰LJNHLWYRQHLQHU6HLWH]XUDQGHUHQ
,KU0XQGGHVVHQ/LSSHQHLQZlUWVJH]RJHQ]XVHLQVFKLHQHQ|IIQHWH


XQGVFKOR‰VLFKVFKQDSSHQGEHLMHGHPTXDOYROOHQ$WPXQJVYHUVXFK
XQG LKUH HLQJHVXQNHQHQ $XJHQ LUUWHQ KLOIHVXFKHQG XPKHU XP KLH
XQG GD PLW HLQHP HUVFKWWHUQGHQ $XVGUXFN YRQ 1HLG DXI HLQHU GHU
DQZHVHQGHQ 3HUVRQHQ KDIWHQ]XEOHLEHQ GLH DQJHNOHLGHW ZDUHQ XQG
DWPHQ NRQQWHQ GHQHQ GDV /HEHQ JHK|UWH XQG GLH QLFKWV ZHLWHU ]X
WXQ YHUPRFKWHQDOV GDV /LHEHVRSIHU ]X EULQJHQ GDV GDULQ EHVWDQG
GHQ%OLFNDXIGLHVHV%LOGJHULFKWHW]XKDOWHQ8QGGLH1DFKWUFNWH
YRURKQHGD‰HLQH9HUlQGHUXQJHLQJHWUHWHQZlUH
ª:LH ODQJH NDQQ HV QRFK GDXHUQ"© IUDJWH 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN
OHLVH XQG ]RJ GHQ DOWHQ 'RNWRU *UDERZ LQ GHQ +LQWHUJUXQG GHV
=LPPHUVZlKUHQG'RNWRU/DQJKDOVJHUDGHLUJHQGHLQH,QMHNWLRQDQ
GHU.UDQNHQYRUQDKP$XFK)UDX3HUPDQHGHUGDV7DVFKHQWXFKDP
0XQGHWUDWKHU]X
ª*DQ] XQEHVWLPPW OLHEHU +HUU 6HQDWRU© DQWZRUWHWH 'RNWRU
*UDERZª,KUH)UDX0XWWHUNDQQLQIQI0LQXWHQHUO|VWVHLQXQGVLH
NDQQ QRFK VWXQGHQODQJ OHEHQ« LFK NDQQ ,KQHQ QLFKWV VDJHQ (V
KDQGHOWVLFKXPGDVZDVPDQ6WLFNIOX‰QHQQW«HLQgGHP«©
ª,FK ZHL‰ HV© VDJWH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU XQG QLFNWH LQ LKU
7DVFKHQWXFK ZlKUHQG GLH 7UlQHQ EHU LKUH :DQJHQ UDQQHQ ª(V
NRPPWEHL/XQJHQHQW]QGXQJHQRIWYRU«(VKDWVLFKGDQQVRHLQH
ZlVVHULJH )OVVLJNHLW LQ GHQ /XQJHQEOlVFKHQ DQJHVDPPHOW XQG
ZHQQ HV VFKOLPP ZLUG VR NDQQ PDQ QLFKW PHKU DWPHQ« -D LFK
ZHL‰HV«©
'LH+lQGHYRUVLFKJHIDOWHWEOLFNWHGHU6HQDWRU]XP+LPPHOEHWWH
KLQEHUª:LHIXUFKWEDUVLHOHLGHQPX‰©IOVWHUWHHU
ª1HLQ© VDJWH 'RNWRU *UDERZ HEHQVR OHLVH DEHU PLW XQJHKHXUHU
$XWRULWlW XQG OHJWH VHLQ ODQJHV PLOGHV *HVLFKW LQ HQWVFKLHGHQH
)DOWHQǻ'DVWlXVFKWJODXEHQ6LHPLUOLHEVWHU)UHXQGGDVWlXVFKW
'DV %HZX‰WVHLQ LVW VHKU JHWUEW« HV VLQG DOOHUJU|‰WHQ 7HLOHV
5HIOH[EHZHJXQJHQZDV6LHGDVHKHQ«*ODXEHQ6LHPLU«©
8QG7KRPDVDQWZRUWHWHª*RWWJHEHHV©  $EHUMHGHV.LQGKlWWH
HVDQGHQ$XJHQGHU.RQVXOLQVHKHQN|QQHQGD‰VLHJDQ]XQGJDU
EHL%HZX‰WVHLQZDUXQGDOOHVHPSIDQG«
0DQ QDKP VHLQH 3OlW]H ZLHGHU HLQ« $XFK .RQVXO .U|JHU ZDU
HLQJHWURIIHQ XQG VD‰ EHU GLH .UFNH VHLQHV 6WRFNHV JHEHXJW PLW
JHU|WHWHQ$XJHQDP%HWWH


'LH %HZHJXQJHQ GHU .UDQNHQ KDWWHQ ]XJHQRPPHQ (LQH
VFKUHFNOLFKH 8QUXKH HLQH XQVlJOLFKH $QJVW XQG 1RW HLQ
XQHQWULQQEDUHV 9HUODVVHQKHLWV XQG +LOIORVLJNHLWVJHIKO RKQH
*UHQ]HQPX‰WHGLHVHQGHP7RGHDXVJHOLHIHUWHQ.|USHUYRP6FKHLWHO
ELV ]XU 6RKOH HUIOOHQ ,KUH $XJHQ GLHVH DUPHQ IOHKHQGHQ
ZHKNODJHQGHQ XQG VXFKHQGHQ $XJHQ VFKORVVHQ VLFK EHL GHQ
U|FKHOQGHQ 'UHKXQJHQ GHV .RSIHV PDQFKPDO PLW EUHFKHQGHP
$XVGUXFN RGHU HUZHLWHUWHQ VLFK VR VHKU GD‰ GLH NOHLQHQ $GHUQ GHV
$XJDSIHOVEOXWURWKHUYRUWUDWHQ8QGNHLQH2KQPDFKWNDP
.XU]QDFKGUHL8KUVDKPDQZLH&KULVWLDQDXIVWDQGª,FKNDQQHV
QXQ QLFKW PHKU© VDJWH HU XQG JLQJ LQGHP HU VLFK DXI GLH
0|EHOVWFNHVWW]WHGLHDQVHLQHP:HJHVWDQGHQODKPHQG]XU7U
KLQDXV  hEULJHQV ZDUHQ (ULND :HLQVFKHQN VRZRKO ZLH 0DPVHOO
6HYHULQ HLQJHOXOOW ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK YRQ GHQ HLQI|UPLJHQ
6FKPHU]HQVODXWHQDXILKUHQ6WKOHQHLQJHVFKODIHQXQGEOKWHQURVLJ
LP6FKOXPPHU
8P YLHU 8KU ZDUG HV VFKOLPPHU XQG VFKOLPPHU 0DQ VWW]WH GLH
.UDQNH XQG WURFNQHWH LKU GHQ 6FKZHL‰ YRQ GHU 6WLUQ 'LH $WPXQJ
GURKWHJlQ]OLFK]XYHUVDJHQXQGGLHbQJVWHQDKPHQ]Xª(WZDV]X
VFKODIHQ«©EUDFKWHVLHKHUYRUª(LQ0LWWHO«©$EHUPDQZDUZHLW
HQWIHUQWGDYRQLKUHWZDV]XVFKODIHQ]XJHEHQ
3O|W]OLFK EHJDQQ VLH ZLHGHU ]X DQWZRUWHQ DXI HWZDV ZDV GLH
DQGHUHQQLFKWK|UWHQZLHVLHHVVFKRQHLQPDOJHWDQKDWWHª-D-HDQ
QLFKW ODQJH PHKU«© 8QG JOHLFK GDUDXI ª-D OLHEH &ODUD LFK
NRPPH«©
8QGGDQQEHJDQQGHU.DPSIDXIVQHXH«:DUHVQRFKHLQ.DPSI
PLWGHP7RGH"1HLQVLHUDQJMHW]WPLWGHP/HEHQXPGHQ7RGª,FK
ZLOOJHUQH«©NHXFKWHVLH«ªLFKNDQQQLFKW«:DV]XVFKODIHQ«
0HLQH+HUUHQDXV%DUPKHU]LJNHLWZDV]XVFKODIHQ«©
'LHVHV ªDXV %DUPKHU]LJNHLW© PDFKWH GD‰ )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ODXW
DXIZHLQWH XQG 7KRPDV OHLVH VW|KQWH LQGHP HU HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN
VHLQHQ .RSI PLW GHQ +lQGHQ HUID‰WH $EHU GLH bU]WH NDQQWHQ LKUH
3IOLFKW (V JDOW XQWHU DOOHQ 8PVWlQGHQ GLHVHV /HEHQ GHQ
$QJHK|ULJHQVRODQJHZLHQXULUJHQGP|JOLFK]XHUKDOWHQZlKUHQG
HLQ %HWlXEXQJVPLWWHO VRIRUW HLQ ZLGHUVWDQGVORVHV $XIJHEHQ GHV
*HLVWHV EHZLUNW KDEHQ ZUGH bU]WH ZDUHQ QLFKW DXI GHU :HOW GHQ


7RG KHUEHL]XIKUHQ VRQGHUQ GDV /HEHQ XP MHGHQ 3UHLV ]X
NRQVHUYLHUHQ 'DIU VSUDFKHQ DX‰HUGHP JHZLVVH UHOLJL|VH XQG
PRUDOLVFKH *UQGH YRQ GHQHQ VLH DXI GHU 8QLYHUVLWlW VHKU ZRKO
JHK|UWKDWWHQZHQQVLHLKQHQLP$XJHQEOLFNDXFKQLFKWJHJHQZlUWLJ
ZDUHQ« 6LH VWlUNWHQ LP *HJHQWHLO PLW YHUVFKLHGHQHQ 0LWWHOQ GDV
+HU] XQG EUDFKWHQ GXUFK %UHFKUHL] PHKUHUH 0DOH HLQH PRPHQWDQH
(UOHLFKWHUXQJKHUYRU
8P IQI 8KU NRQQWH GHU .DPSI QLFKW PHKU IXUFKWEDUHU ZHUGHQ
'LH .RQVXOLQ LP .UDPSIH DXIJHULFKWHW XQG PLW ZHLW JH|IIQHWHQ
$XJHQ VWLH‰ PLW GHQ $UPHQ XP VLFK DOV JULIIH VLH QDFK HLQHP
+DOWHSXQNW RGHU QDFK +lQGHQ GLH VLFK LKU HQWJHJHQVWUHFNWHQ XQG
DQWZRUWHWHQXQXQDXIK|UOLFKLQGLH/XIWKLQHLQQDFKDOOHQ6HLWHQDXI
5XIH GLH QXU VLH YHUQDKP XQG GLH LPPHU ]DKOUHLFKHU XQG
GULQJOLFKHU ]X ZHUGHQ VFKLHQHQ (V ZDU DOV RE QLFKW QXU LKU
YHUVWRUEHQHU *DWWH XQG LKUH 7RFKWHU VRQGHUQ DXFK LKUH (OWHUQ
6FKZLHJHUHOWHUQ XQG PHKUHUH DQGHUH LKU LP 7RGH YRUDQJHJDQJHQH
$QYHUZDQGWHLUJHQGZRDQZHVHQGZDUHQXQGVLHQDQQWH9RUQDPHQ
YRQ GHQHQ QLHPDQG LP =LPPHU VRIRUW KlWWH VDJHQ N|QQHQ ZHOFKH
9HUVWRUEHQHQ GDPLW JHPHLQW VHLHQ ª-D© ULHI VLH XQG ZDQGWH VLFK
QDFK YHUVFKLHGHQHQ 5LFKWXQJHQ« ª-HW]W NRPPH LFK« 6RIRUW«
'LHVHQ$XJHQEOLFNQRFK«6R«,FKNDQQQLFKW«(LQ0LWWHOPHLQH
+HUUHQ«©
8P KDOE VHFKV 8KU WUDW HLQ $XJHQEOLFN GHU 5XKH HLQ 8QG GDQQ
JDQ]SO|W]OLFKJLQJEHULKUHJHDOWHUWHQXQGYRP/HLGHQ]HUULVVHQHQ
=JHHLQ=XFNHQHLQHMlKHHQWVHW]WH)UHXGHHLQHWLHIHVFKDXHUQGH
IXUFKWVDPH =lUWOLFKNHLW EOLW]VFKQHOO EUHLWHWH VLH GLH $UPH DXV XQG
PLW HLQHU VR VWR‰DUWLJHQ XQG XQYHUPLWWHOWHQ 6FKQHOOLJNHLW GD‰ PDQ
IKOWH ]ZLVFKHQ GHP ZDV VLH JHK|UW XQG LKUHU $QWZRUW ODJ QLFKW
HLQ$XJHQEOLFNULHIVLHODXWPLWGHP$XVGUXFNGHVXQEHGLQJWHVWHQ
*HKRUVDPV XQG HLQHU JUHQ]HQORVHQ DQJVW XQG OLHEHYROOHQ
*HIJLJNHLWXQG+LQJHEXQJª+LHUELQLFK©«XQGYHUVFKLHG
$OOH ZDUHQ ]XVDPPHQJHVFKURFNHQ :DV ZDU GDV JHZHVHQ" :HU
KDWWHJHUXIHQGD‰VLHVRIRUWJHIROJWZDU"
-HPDQG ]RJ GHQ )HQVWHUYRUKDQJ ]XUFN XQG O|VFKWH GLH .HU]HQ
ZlKUHQG 'RNWRU *UDERZ PLW PLOGHP *HVLFKWGHU7RWHQ GLH $XJHQ
VFKOR‰


$OOHIU|VWHOWHQLQ GHP IDKOHQ +HUEVWPRUJHQ GHU QXQ GDV =LPPHU
HUIOOWH 6FKZHVWHU /HDQGUD YHUNOHLGHWH GHQ 7RLOHWWHQVSLHJHO PLW
HLQHP7XFKH

=ZHLWHV.DSLWHO

'XUFKGLHRIIHQH7UVDKPDQLP6WHUEH]LPPHU)UDX3HUPDQHGHU
LP *HEHWH OLHJHQ 6LH EHIDQG VLFK DOOHLQ XQG NQLHWH LKUH
7UDXHUJHZlQGHU XP VLFK KHU DXI GHP %RGHQ DXVJHEUHLWHW LQ GHU
1lKH GHV %HWWHV DQ HLQHP 6WXKOH LQGHP VLH GLH IHVW JHIDOWHWHQ
+lQGHDXIGHP6LW]HUXKHQOLH‰XQGJHEHXJWHQ+DXSWHVPXUPHOWH«
6LH K|UWH VHKU ZRKO GD‰ LKU %UXGHU XQG LKUH 6FKZlJHULQ GDV
)UKVWFNV]LPPHU EHWUDWHQ LQ GHVVHQ 0LWWH VLH XQZLOONUOLFK
VWHKHQEOLHEHQ XP GDV (QGH GHU $QGDFKW ]X HUZDUWHQ DEHU VLH
EHHLOWH VLFK GHVZHJHQ QLFKW VRQGHUOLFK OLH‰ ]XP 6FKOXVVH LKU
WURFNHQHV 5lXVSHUQ HUW|QHQ QDKP PLW ODQJVDPHU )HLHUOLFKNHLW LKU
.OHLG]XVDPPHQHUKRE VLFK XQG JLQJ LKUHQ 9HUZDQGWHQ RKQH HLQH
6SXU YRQ 9HUZLUUXQJ LQ YROONRPPHQ ZUGLJHU +DOWXQJ HQWJHJHQ
ª7KRPDV©VDJWHVLHQLFKWRKQH+lUWHªZDVGLH6HYHULQEHWULIIWVR
GQNW HV PLU GD‰ GLH VHOLJH 0XWWHU HLQH 1DWWHU DQ LKUHP %XVHQ
JHQlKUWKDW©
ª:LHVR"©
ª,FKELQYROObUJHUEHUVLH0DQN|QQWHGLH)DVVXQJYHUOLHUHQXQG
VLFK YHUJHVVHQ« +DW GLHV :HLE HLQ 5HFKW HLQHP GHQ 6FKPHU]
GLHVHU7DJHLQVRRUGLQlUHU:HLVH]XYHUJlOOHQ"©
ª$EHUZDVLVWHVGHQQ"©
ª(UVWHQV HLQPDO LVW VLH YRQ HLQHU HPS|UHQGHQ +DEVXFKW 6LH JHKW
DQ GHQ 6FKUDQN QLPPW 0XWWHUV VHLGHQH .OHLGHU KHUDXV SDFNW VLH
EHU GHQ $UP XQG ZLOO VLFK ]XUFN]LHKHQ ¾5LHFNFKHQ½ VDJH LFK
¾ZRKLQGDPLW"½ ¾'DV KDW )UDX .RQVXO PLU YHUVSURFKHQ½ ± ¾/LHEH
6HYHULQ½VDJHLFKXQGJHEHLKULQDOOHU=XUFNKDOWXQJGDV9RUHLOLJH
LKUHU+DQGOXQJVZHLVH]XEHGHQNHQ0HLQVWGXGD‰HVHWZDVQW]W"
6LHQLPPWQLFKWQXUGLHVHLGHQHQ.OHLGHUVLHQLPPWDXFKQRFKHLQ


3DNHW:lVFKHXQGJHKW,FK NDQQ PLFK GRFK QLFKW PLW LKU SUJHOQ
QLFKW ZDKU"« 8QG QLFKW VLH DOOHLQ« DXFK GLH 0lGFKHQ«
:DVFKN|UEH YROO .OHLGHU XQG /HLQHQ]HXJ ZHUGHQ DXV GHP +DXVH
JHVFKDIIW« 'DV 3HUVRQDO WHLOW VLFK XQWHU PHLQHQ $XJHQ LQ GLH
6DFKHQ GHQQ GLH 6HYHULQ KDW GLH 6FKOVVHO ]X GHQ 6FKUlQNHQ
¾)UlXOHLQ 6HYHULQ½ VDJH LFK ¾LFK ZQVFKH GLH 6FKOVVHO½ :DV
DQWZRUWHWVLHPLU"6LHHUNOlUWPLUPLWGHXWOLFKHQXQGJHZ|KQOLFKHQ
:RUWHQ LFK KlWWH LKU QLFKWV ]X VDJHQ VLH VWlQGH QLFKW EHL PLU LQ
'LHQVW LFK KlWWH VLH QLFKW HQJDJLHUW VLH ZHUGH GLH 6FKOVVHO
EHKDOWHQELVVLHJHKH©
ª+DVW GX GLH 6FKOVVHO ]XP 6LOEHU]HXJ"  *XW /D‰ GHP EULJHQ
VHLQHQ /DXI 'HUJOHLFKHQ LVW XQYHUPHLGOLFK ZHQQ HLQ +DXVKDOW
DXIJHO|VWZLUGLQGHP]XOHW]WVRZLHVRVFKRQHLQEL‰FKHQOD[UHJLHUW
ZXUGH,FKZLOOMHW]WNHLQHQ/lUPPDFKHQ'DV:HL‰]HXJLVWDOWXQG
GHIHNW«hEULJHQVZHUGHQZLUMDVHKHQZDVQRFKGDLVW+DVWGXGLH
9HU]HLFKQLVVH"$XIGHP7LVFKH"*XW:LUZHUGHQMDJOHLFKVHKHQ©
8QG VLH WUDWHQ LQ GDV 6FKODI]LPPHU XP HLQ :HLOFKHQ VWLOO
QHEHQHLQDQGHU DQ GHP %HWWH VWHKHQ ]X EOHLEHQ QDFKGHP )UDX
$QWRQLH GDV ZHL‰H 7XFK YRP *HVLFKW GHU 7RWHQ JHQRPPHQ KDWWH
'LH.RQVXOLQ ZDUVFKRQLQ GHP VHLGHQHQ *HZDQG LQ ZHOFKHP VLH
KHXWHQDFKPLWWDJLP6DDOHGUREHQDXIJHEDKUWZHUGHQVROOWHHVZDU
DFKWXQG]ZDQ]LJ 6WXQGHQ QDFK LKUHP OHW]WHQ $WHP]XJH 0XQG XQG
:DQJHQ ZDUHQ GD GLH NQVWOLFKHQ =lKQH IHKOWHQ JUHLVHQKDIW
HLQJHIDOOHQ XQG GDV .LQQ VFKRE VLFK VFKURII XQG HFNLJ DXIZlUWV
$OOH GUHL EHPKWHQ VLFK VFKPHU]OLFK ZlKUHQG VLH DXI GLHVH
XQHUELWWOLFK WLHI XQG IHVW JHVFKORVVHQHQ $XJHQOLGHU EOLFNWHQ LQ
GLHVHP $QWOLW] GDV LKUHU 0XWWHU ZLHGHU]XHUNHQQHQ $EHU XQWHU GHU
+DXEHGLHGLHDOWH'DPHVRQQWDJVJHWUDJHQVD‰ZLHLP/HEHQGDV
U|WOLFKEUDXQH JODWWJHVFKHLWHOWH 7RXSHW EHU GDV GLH 'DPHQ
%XGGHQEURRN DXV GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H VLFK VR RIW OXVWLJ JHPDFKW
KDWWHQ«%OXPHQODJHQYHUVWUHXWDXIGHU6WHSSGHFNHª(VVLQGVFKRQ
GLHSUDFKWYROOVWHQ.UlQ]HJHNRPPHQ©VDJWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHUOHLVH
ª9RQ DOOHQ )DPLOLHQ« DFK HLQIDFK YRQ DOOHU :HOW ,FK KDEH DOOHV
DXI GHQ .RUULGRU KLQDXIVFKDIIHQ ODVVHQ LKU P‰W HV HXFK VSlWHU
DQVHKHQ *HUGD XQG 7RP (V LVW WUDXULJVFK|Q $WODVVFKOHLIHQ YRQ
GLHVHU*U|‰H«©


ª:LHZHLWLVWHV PLW GHP 6DDO"© IUDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU ª%DOG IHUWLJ
7RP )DVW EHUHLW 7DSH]LHUHU -DFREV KDW VLFK DOOH 0KH JHJHEHQ
$XFKGHUǩXQGVLHVFKOXFNWHHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNǻDXFKGHU6DUJ
LVWYRUKLQJHNRPPHQ$EHULKUP‰WQXQDEOHJHQLKU/LHEHQ©IXKU
VLH IRUW XQG ]RJ EHKXWVDP GDV ZHL‰H 7XFK DQ VHLQHQ 3ODW] ]XUFN
ª+LHU LVW HV NDOW DEHU LP )UKVWFNV]LPPHU LVW HLQ EL‰FKHQ
JHKHL]W«/D‰GLUKHOIHQ*HUGDPLWHLQHPVRSUDFKWYROOHQ8PKDQJ
PX‰PDQYRUVLFKWLJXPJHKHQ«'DUILFKGLUHLQHQ.X‰JHEHQ"'X
ZHL‰WLFKOLHEHGLFKZHQQGXPLFKDXFKLPPHUYHUDEVFKHXWKDVW«
1HLQ LFK YHUGHUEH GLU QLFKW GLH )ULVXU ZHQQ LFK GLU GHQ +XW
DEQHKPH« 'HLQ VFK|QHV +DDU 6ROFKHV +DDU KDW 0XWWHU DXFK LQ
LKUHU-XJHQGJHKDEW6LHZDUMDQLHPDOVVRKHUUOLFKZLHGXDEHU HV
KDWGRFKHLQH=HLWJHJHEHQXQGLFKZDUVFKRQDXIGHU:HOWZRVLH
HLQH ZLUNOLFK VFK|QH (UVFKHLQXQJ JHZHVHQ LVW 8QG QXQ« ,VW HV
QLFKW ZDKU ZDV HXHU *UREOHEHQ LPPHU VDJW :LU PVVHQ DOOH ]X
0RGHUZHUGHQ"(LQVRHLQIDFKHU0HQVFKHULVW«-D7RPGDVVLQG
GLHKDXSWVlFKOLFKVWHQ9HU]HLFKQLVVH©
6LHZDUHQLQV1HEHQ]LPPHU]XUFNJHNHKUWXQGVHW]WHQVLFKDQGHQ
UXQGHQ 7LVFK ZlKUHQG GHU 6HQDWRU GLH 3DSLHUH ]XU +DQG QDKP
DXIZHLFKHQ GLH *HJHQVWlQGH YHU]HLFKQHW VWDQGHQ GLH XQWHU GLH
QlFKVWHQ (UEHQ YHUWHLOW ZHUGHQVROOWHQ« )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU OLH‰ GDV
*HVLFKW LKUHV %UXGHUV QLFKW DXV GHQ $XJHQ VLH EHREDFKWHWH HV PLW
HUUHJWHP XQG JHVSDQQWHP $XVGUXFN (V JDE HWZDV HLQH VFKZHUH
XQDEZHQGEDUH)UDJHDXIGLHLKUJDQ]HV'HQNHQlQJVWOLFKJHULFKWHW
ZDU XQG GLHLQ GHU QlFKVWHQ 6WXQGH ]XU 6SUDFKH NRPPHQ PX‰WH«
ª,FK GHQNH© ILQJ GHU 6HQDWRU DQ ªZLU KDOWHQ GHQ EOLFKHQ
*UXQGVDW]IHVWGD‰*HVFKHQNH]XUFNJHKHQVRGD‰DOVR«©
6HLQH )UDX XQWHUEUDFK LKQ ª9HU]HLK 7KRPDV PLU VFKHLQW«
&KULVWLDQ«ZRLVWHUGHQQ"©
ª-DPHLQ*RWW&KULVWLDQ©ULHI)UDX3HUPDQHGHUª:LUYHUJHVVHQ
LKQMD©
ª5LFKWLJ©VDJWHGHU6HQDWRUXQGOLH‰GLH3DSLHUHVLQNHQª:LUGHU
GHQQQLFKWJHUXIHQ"©
8QG )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU JLQJ ]XP *ORFNHQ]XJ $EHU LQ GHPVHOEHQ
$XJHQEOLFN |IIQHWH VFKRQ &KULVWLDQ VHOEVW GLH 7U XQG WUDW HLQ (U
NDP ]LHPOLFK UDVFK LQV =LPPHU VFKOR‰ GLH 7U QLFKW JDQ]


JHUlXVFKORV XQG EOLHE PLW ]XVDPPHQJH]RJHQHQ %UDXHQ VWHKHQ
LQGHPHUVHLQHNOHLQHQUXQGHQWLHIOLHJHQGHQ$XJHQRKQHMHPDQGHQ
DQ]XEOLFNHQ YRQ HLQHU 6HLWH ]XU DQGHUHQ ZDQGHUQ OLH‰ XQG VHLQHQ
0XQG XQWHU GHP EXVFKLJHQ U|WOLFKHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW LQ XQUXKLJHU
%HZHJXQJ|IIQHWHXQGVFKOR‰«(UVFKLHQVLFKLQHLQHU$UWWURW]LJHU
XQG JHUHL]WHU 6WLPPXQJ ]X EHILQGHQ ª,FK K|UH GD‰ LKU GD VHLG©
VDJWH HU NXU] ª:HQQ EHU GLH 6DFKHQ JHVSURFKHQ ZHUGHQ VROO VR
PX‰LFKGRFKEHQDFKULFKWLJWZHUGHQ©
ª:LU ZDUHQ LP %HJULIIH© DQWZRUWHWH GHU 6HQDWRU JOHLFKJOWLJ
ª1LPPQXU3ODW]©
'DEHL DEHU EOLHEHQ VHLQH $XJHQ DXI GHQ ZHL‰HQ .Q|SIHQ KDIWHQ
PLW GHQHQ &KULVWLDQV +HPG JHVFKORVVHQ ZDU (U VHOEVW ZDU LQ
WDGHOORVHU 7UDXHUNOHLGXQJ XQG DXI VHLQHP +HPGHLQVDW] ZHOFKHU
DP .UDJHQ YRQ GHU EUHLWHQ VFKZDU]HQ 6FKOHLIH DEJHVFKORVVHQ
EOHQGHQG ZHL‰ DXV GHU 8PUDKPXQJ GHV VFKZDU]HQ 7XFKURFNHV
KHUYRUWUDW VD‰HQ VWDWW GHU JROGHQHQ GLH HU ]X WUDJHQ SIOHJWH
VFKZDU]H .Q|SIH &KULVWLDQ EHPHUNWH GHQ %OLFN GHQQ ZlKUHQG HU
HLQHQ6WXKOKHUEHL]RJXQGVLFKVHW]WHEHUKUWHHUPLWGHU+DQGVHLQH
%UXVW XQG VDJWH ª,FK ZHL‰ GD‰ LFK ZHL‰H .Q|SIH WUDJH ,FK ELQ
QRFKQLFKWGD]XJHNRPPHQPLUVFKZDU]H]XNDXIHQRGHUYLHOPHKU
LFKKDEHHVXQWHUODVVHQ,FKKDEHPLULQGHQOHW]WHQ-DKUHQRIWIQI
6FKLOOLQJHIU=DKQSXOYHUOHLKHQXQGPLWHLQHP6WUHLFKKRO]]X%HWWH
JHKHQ PVVHQ« LFK ZHL‰ QLFKW RE LFK VR DXVVFKOLH‰OLFK VFKXOG
GDUDQELQ hEULJHQV VLQG VFKZDU]H.Q|SIHLQ GHU :HOWMD QLFKWGLH
+DXSWVDFKH ,FK OLHEHGLH bX‰HUOLFKNHLWHQ QLFKW ,FK KDEH QLH :HUW
GDUDXIJHOHJW©
*HUGDEHWUDFKWHWHLKQZlKUHQGHUVSUDFKXQGODFKWHQXQOHLVH'HU
6HQDWRU EHPHUNWH ª'LH OHW]WH %HKDXSWXQJ NDQQVW GX ZRKO DXI GLH
'DXHUQLFKWYHUWUHWHQPHLQ/LHEHU©
ª6R"9LHOOHLFKWZHL‰WGXHVEHVVHU7KRPDV,FKVDJHQXUGLHVGD‰
LFK DXI VROFKH 6DFKHQ NHLQ *HZLFKWOHJH ,FK KDEH ]X YLHO YRQ GHU
:HOW JHVHKHQ KDEH XQWHU ]X YHUVFKLHGHQHQ 0HQVFKHQ PLW ]X
YHUVFKLHGHQHQ 6LWWHQ JHOHEW DOV GD‰ LFK« hEULJHQV ELQ LFK HLQ
HUZDFKVHQHU 0HQVFK© VDJWH HU SO|W]OLFK ODXW ªLFK ELQ
GUHLXQGYLHU]LJ-DKUH DOW LFK ELQ PHLQ HLJHQHU +HUU XQG GDUI MHGHP
YHUZHKUHQVLFKLQPHLQH$QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ]XPLVFKHQ©


ª0LUVFKHLQWGXKDVWHWZDVDXIGHP+HU]HQPHLQ)UHXQG©VDJWH
GHU6HQDWRUHUVWDXQWª:DVGLH.Q|SIHEHWULIIWVRKDEHLFKMDZHQQ
PLFK QLFKW DOOHV WlXVFKW QRFK NHLQ :RUW GDUEHU YHUORUHQ 5HJOH
GHLQH7UDXHUWRLOHWWHJDQ]QDFK*HVFKPDFNQXUJODXEHQLFKWGD‰GX
PLWGHLQHUELOOLJHQ9RUXUWHLOVORVLJNHLW(LQGUXFNDXIPLFKPDFKVW«©
ª,FKZLOOJDUNHLQHQ(LQGUXFNDXIGLFKPDFKHQ«©
ª7RP« &KULVWLDQ«© VDJWH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ª:LU ZROOHQ GRFK
NHLQHQJHUHL]WHQ7RQDQVFKODJHQ«KHXWH«XQGKLHUZRQHEHQDQ«
)DKUIRUW7KRPDV*HVFKHQNHJHKHQDOVR]XUFN"'DVLVWQLFKWPHKU
DOVELOOLJ©
8QG7KRPDVIXKUIRUW(UILQJPLWGHQJU|‰HUHQ*HJHQVWlQGHQDQ
XQG VFKULHE VLFK GLHMHQLJHQ ]X GLH HU IU VHLQ +DXV JHEUDXFKHQ
NRQQWH 'LH.DQGHODEHUGHV (‰VDDOHV GLH JUR‰H JHVFKQLW]WH 7UXKH
GLHDXIGHU'LHOHVWDQG)UDX3HUPDQHGHUZDUPLWDX‰HURUGHQWOLFKHP
(LIHU EHL GHU 6DFKH XQG KDWWH VREDOG GHU NQIWLJH %HVLW]HU
LUJHQGHLQHV 'LQJHV QXU HLQ ZHQLJ ]ZHLIHOKDIW ZDU HLQH
XQYHUJOHLFKOLFKH $UW ]X VDJHQ ª1XQ LFK ELQ EHUHLW HV ]X
EHUQHKPHQ«© PLW HLQHU 0LHQH DOV YHUSIOLFKWH VLH VLFK PLW LKUHU
2SIHUZLOOLJNHLW GLH JDQ]H :HOW ]X 'DQNH 6LH HUKLHOW IU VLFK LKUH
7RFKWHU XQG LKUH (QNHOLQ ZHLWDXV GHQ JU|‰WHQ 7HLO GHV
$PHXEOHPHQWV
&KULVWLDQ KDWWH HLQLJH 0|EHOVWFNH HLQH (PSLUH6WXW]XKU XQG
VRJDU GDV +DUPRQLXP EHNRPPHQ XQG HU ]HLJWH VLFK ]XIULHGHQ
GDPLW$OVDEHUGLH9HUWHLOXQJVLFKGHP6LOEHUXQG:HL‰]HXJVRZLH
GHP YHUVFKLHGHQHQ 6SHLVHVHUYLFH ]XZDQGWH EHJDQQ HU ]X GHP
(UVWDXQHQ DOOHU HLQHQ (LIHU PHUNHQ ]X ODVVHQ GHU VLFK IDVW ZLH
+DEVXFKWDXVQDKP
ª8QGLFK"8QGLFK"©IUDJWHHU«ª,FKELWWHGRFKPLFKQLFKWJDQ]
XQGJDU]XYHUJHVVHQ«©
ª:HUYHUJL‰WGLFKGHQQ",FKKDEHGLUMD«VLHKGRFKKHULFKKDEH
GLU MD VFKRQ HLQ JDQ]HV 7HHVHUYLFH PLW VLOEHUQHP 7DEOHWW
]XJHVFKULHEHQ )U GDV 6RQQWDJVVHUYLFH PLW GHU 9HUJROGXQJ KDEHQ
GRFKZRKOQXUZLU9HUZHQGXQJXQG«©
ª'DVDOOWlJOLFKHPLW=ZLHEHOPXVWHUELQLFKEHUHLW]XEHUQHKPHQ©
VDJWH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ª8QG LFK"© ULHI &KULVWLDQ PLW MHQHU
(QWUVWXQJ GLH LKQ ]XZHLOHQ EHIDOOHQ NRQQWH VHLQH :DQJHQ QRFK


KDJHUHUHUVFKHLQHQOLH‰XQGLKPVRVHOWVDP]X*HVLFKWHVWDQG«ª,FK
P|FKWHGRFKDQGHP(‰JHVFKLUUEHWHLOLJWZHUGHQ:LHYLHOH/|IIHO
XQG *DEHOQ EHNRPPH LFK GHQQ" ,FK VHKH LFK EHNRPPH EHLQDKH
QLFKWV«©
ª$EHU %HVWHU ZDV ZLOOVW GX GHQQ PLW GHQ 6DFKHQ DQIDQJHQ 'X
ZLUVWMDJDUNHLQH9HUZHQGXQJGDIUKDEHQ,FKEHJUHLIHQLFKW«(V
LVWGRFKEHVVHUVROFKH'LQJHEOHLEHQLP)DPLOLHQJHEUDXFK«©
ª8QG ZHQQ HV DXFK QXU DOV $QGHQNHQ DQ 0XWWHU ZlUH© VDJWH
&KULVWLDQ WURW]LJ ª/LHEHU )UHXQG© HUZLGHUWH GHU 6HQDWRU ]LHPOLFK
XQJHGXOGLJ« ªLFK ELQ QLFKW DXIJHOHJW ]X VFKHU]HQ  DEHU GHLQHQ
:RUWHQQDFK]XXUWHLOHQVFKHLQWHVDOVZROOWHVWGXGLUDOV$QGHQNHQ
DQ 0XWWHU HLQH 6XSSHQWHUULQH DXI GLH .RPPRGH VWHOOHQ" ,FK ELWWH
GRFKQLFKWDQ]XQHKPHQGD‰ZLUGLFKEHUYRUWHLOHQZROOHQ:DVGX
DQ(IIHNWHQZHQLJHUHUKlOWVWZLUGGLUQDWUOLFKGHPQlFKVWLQDQGHUHU
)RUPHUVHW]WZHUGHQ(VLVWPLWGHP:HL‰]HXJHEHQVR«©
ª,FKZQVFKHNHLQ*HOGLFKZQVFKH:lVFKHXQG(‰JHVFKLUU©
ª$EHUZR]XGHQQXPDOOHVLQGHU:HOW"©
-HW]W DEHU JDE &KULVWLDQ HLQH $QWZRUW GLH EHZLUNWH GD‰ *HUGD
%XGGHQEURRN VLFK LKP HLOLJ ]XZDQGWH XQG LKQ PLW HLQHP
UlWVHOKDIWHQ $XVGUXFN LQ LKUHQ $XJHQ PXVWHUWH GHU 6HQDWRU VHKU
UDVFK GDV 3PFHQH] YRQ GHU 1DVH QDKP XQG LKP VWDUU LQV *HVLFKW
EOLFNWH XQG )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU VRJDU GLH +lQGH IDOWHWH (U VDJWH
QlPOLFKª1DPLWHLQHP:RUWHLFKGHQNHPLFKEHUNXU]RGHUODQJ
]XYHUKHLUDWHQ©
(U WDW GLHVHQ $XVVSUXFK ]LHPOLFK OHLVH XQG VFKQHOO PLW HLQHU
NXU]HQ+DQGEHZHJXQJDOVZUIHHUVHLQHP%UXGHUEHU GHQ7LVFK
KLQHWZDV]XZRUDXIHUVLFK]XUFNOHKQWHXQGPLWHLQHUPUULVFKHQ
JOHLFKVDP EHOHLGLJWHQ XQG PHUNZUGLJ ]HUVWUHXWHQ 0LHQH VHLQH
$XJHQ KDOWORV XPKHUVFKZHLIHQ OLH‰ (LQH OlQJHUH 3DXVH WUDW HLQ
(QGOLFK VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU ª0DQ PX‰ JHVWHKHQ &KULVWLDQ GLHVH
3OlQH NRPPHQ HWZDV VSlW« JHVHW]W QDWUOLFK GD‰ HV UHHOOH XQG
DXVIKUEDUH 3OlQH VLQG QLFKW YRQ GHU $UW GHUHU GLH GX DXV
8QEHUOHJWKHLW IUKHU VFKRQ HLQPDO GHU VHOLJHQ 0XWWHU YRUJHOHJW
KDVW«©
ª0HLQH $EVLFKWHQ VLQG GLHVHOEHQ JHEOLHEHQ© VDJWH &KULVWLDQ
LPPHU RKQH MHPDQGHQ DQ]XVHKHQ XQG LPPHU PLW GHP JOHLFKHQ


*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN ª'DV LVW GRFK ZRKO XQP|JOLFK 'X KlWWHVW
0XWWHUV7RGDEJHZDUWHWXP«©
ª,FKKDEHGLHVH5FNVLFKWJHQRPPHQMD'XVFKHLQVWGHU$QVLFKW
]X]XQHLJHQ 7KRPDV GD‰ GX DOOHLQ DOOHV 7DNW XQG )HLQJHIKO GHU
:HOWLQ3DFKWKDVW«©
ª,FKZHL‰QLFKWZDVGLFK]XGLHVHU5HGHQVDUWEHUHFKWLJWhEULJHQV
PX‰LFKGHQ8PIDQJGHLQHU5FNVLFKWQDKPHEHZXQGHUQ$P7DJH
QDFK0XWWHUV7RGHPDFKVWGX0LHQHGHQ8QJHKRUVDPJHJHQVLH]X
SURNODPLHUHQ«©
ª:HLOGDV*HVSUlFKGDUDXINDP8QGGDQQLVWGLH+DXSWVDFKHGLH
GD‰0XWWHUVLFKEHUPHLQHQ6FKULWWQLFKWPHKUDOWHULHUHQNDQQ'DV
NDQQ VLH KHXWH VRZHQLJ ZLH LQ HLQHP -DKUH« +HUU *RWW 7KRPDV
0XWWHU KDWWH GRFK QLFKW XQEHGLQJW UHFKW VRQGHUQ QXU YRQ LKUHP
6WDQGSXQNWDXVDXIGHQLFK5FNVLFKWJHQRPPHQKDEHVRODQJHVLH
OHEWH 6LH ZDU HLQH DOWH )UDX HLQH )UDXDXVHLQHU DQGHUHQ =HLW PLW
HLQHUDQGHUHQ$QVFKDXXQJVZHLVH«©
ª1XQ VR EHPHUNH LFK GLU GD‰ GLHVH $QVFKDXXQJVZHLVH LQ GHP
3XQNWHGHUKLHULQ)UDJHNRPPWGXUFKDXVDXFKGLHPHLQHLVW©
ª'DUXPNDQQLFKPLFKQLFKWNPPHUQ©
ª'XZLUVWGLFKGDUXPNPPHUQPHLQ)UHXQG©
&KULVWLDQVDKLKQDQª1HLQ±©ULHIHUª,FKNDQQHVQLFKW:HQQ
LFKGLUVDJHGD‰LFKHVQLFKWNDQQ"«,FKPX‰ZLVVHQZDVLFK]X
WXQKDEH,FKELQHLQHUZDFKVHQHU0HQVFK«©
ª$FK GDV PLW GHP HUZDFKVHQHQ 0HQVFKHQ½ LVW HWZDV VHKU
bX‰HUOLFKHVEHLGLU'XZHL‰WGXUFKDXVQLFKWZDVGX]XWXQKDVW«©
ª'RFK« ,FK KDQGOH HUVWHQV DOV (KUHQPDQQ« 'X EHGHQNVW MD
QLFKW ZLH GLH 6DFKH OLHJW 7KRPDV +LHUVLW]HQ 7RQ\ XQG *HUGD«
ZLUN|QQHQQLFKWDXVIKUOLFKGDUEHUUHGHQ$EHULFKKDEHGLUGRFK
JHVDJW GD‰ LFK 9HUSIOLFKWXQJHQ KDEH 'DV OHW]WH .LQG GLH NOHLQH
*LVHOD«©
ª,FK ZHL‰ YRQ NHLQHU NOHLQHQ *LVHOD XQG ZLOO YRQ NHLQHU ZLVVHQ
,FKELQEHU]HXJWGD‰PDQGLFKEHOJW-HGHQIDOOVDEHUKDVWGXHLQHU
3HUVRQ JHJHQEHU ZLH GHU GLH GX LP 6LQQH KDVW NHLQH DQGHUH
9HUSIOLFKWXQJ DOV GLH JHVHW]OLFKH GLH GX ZLH ELVKHU ZHLWHU HUIOOHQ
PDJVW«©


ª3HUVRQ7KRPDV"3HUVRQ"±'XWlXVFKVWGLFKEHUVLH$OLQH«©
ª6FKZHLJ© ULHI 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN PLW 'RQQHUVWLPPH 'LH
EHLGHQ %UGHU VWDUUWHQ HLQDQGHU MHW]W EHU GHQ 7LVFK KLQZHJ LQV
*HVLFKW 7KRPDV EOD‰ XQG ]LWWHUQG YRU =RUQ &KULVWLDQ LQGHP HU
VHLQH NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ GHUHQ /LGHU VLFK
SO|W]OLFKHQW]QGHWKDWWHQJHZDOWVDPDXIUL‰XQGDXFKVHLQHQ0XQG
LQ (QWUVWXQJ JH|IIQHW KLHOW VR GD‰ VHLQH KDJHUHQ :DQJHQ JDQ]
DXVJHK|KOWHUVFKLHQHQ(LQ6WFNFKHQXQWHUGHQ$XJHQ]HLJWHQVLFK
HLQ SDDU URWH )OHFNHQ« *HUGD EOLFNWH PLW ]LHPOLFK VS|WWLVFKHU
0LHQHYRQHLQHP]XPDQGHUHQXQG7RQ\UDQJGLH+lQGHXQGVDJWH
IOHKHQG ª$EHU 7RP« $EHU &KULVWLDQ« 8QG 0XWWHU OLHJW
QHEHQDQ©
ª'XELVWVRVHKUMHGHQ6FKDPJHIKOHVEDU©IXKUGHU6HQDWRUIRUW
ªGD‰ GX HV EHU GLFK JHZLQQVW« QHLQ GD‰ HV GLFK JDU NHLQH
hEHUZLQGXQJ NRVWHW DQ GLHVHU 6WHOOH XQG XQWHU GLHVHQ 8PVWlQGHQ
GLHVHQ 1DPHQ ]X QHQQHQ 'HLQ 0DQJHO DQ 7DNW LVW DEQRUP HU LVW
NUDQNKDIW«©
ª,FKEHJUHLIHQLFKWZDUXPLFK$OLQH¶V1DPHQQLFKWQHQQHQVROO©
&KULVWLDQ ZDU VR DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK HUUHJW GD‰ *HUGD LKQ PLW
ZDFKVHQGHU$XIPHUNVDPNHLWEHWUDFKWHWHª,FKQHQQHLKQJHUDGHZLH
GXK|UVW7KRPDVLFKJHGHQNHVLH]XKHLUDWHQGHQQLFKVHKQHPLFK
QDFK HLQHP +HLP QDFK 5XKH XQG )ULHGHQ ± XQG LFK YHUELWWH PLU
K|UVWGXGDVLVWGDV:RUW GDVLFK JHEUDXFKH LFK YHUELWWH PLUMHGH
(LQPLVFKXQJ YRQ GHLQHU 6HLWH ,FK ELQ IUHL LFK ELQ PHLQ HLJHQHU
+HUU«©
ª(LQ 1DUU ELVW GX 'HU 7DJ GHU 7HVWDPHQWVHU|IIQXQJ ZLUG GLFK
OHKUHQ ZLH ZHLW GX GHLQ HLJHQHU +HUU ELVW (V LVW GDIU JHVRUJW
YHUVWHKVW GX PLFK GD‰ GX QLFKW 0XWWHUV (UEH YHUORWWHUVW ZLH GX
EHUHLWV GUHL‰LJWDXVHQG .XUDQWPDUN LP YRUDXV YHUORWWHUW KDVW ,FK
ZHUGHGHQ5HVWGHLQHV9HUP|JHQVYHUZDOWHQXQGGXZLUVWQLHPHKU
DOVHLQ0RQDWVJHOGLQGLH+lQGHEHNRPPHQGDVVFKZ|UHLFKGLU«©
ª1XQGXVHOEVWZLUVWZRKODPEHVWHQZLVVHQZHU0XWWHU]XGLHVHU
0D‰UHJHO YHUDQOD‰W KDW $EHU ZXQGHUQ PX‰ LFK PLFK GRFK GD‰
0XWWHUPLWGHP$PWHQLFKWMHPDQGHQEHWUDXWKDWGHUPLUQlKHUVWHKW
XQG PLU EUGHUOLFKHU ]XJHWDQ LVW DOV GX«© &KULVWLDQ ZDU QXQ JDQ]
XQG JDU DX‰HU VLFK HU ILQJ DQ 'LQJH ]X VDJHQ ZLH HU VLH QRFK


QLHPDOV KDWWH ODXW ZHUGHQ ODVVHQ (U KDWWH VLFK EHU GHQ 7LVFK
JHEHXJW SRFKWH XQDXIK|UOLFK PLW GHU 6SLW]H GHV JHNUPPWHQ
=HLJHILQJHUV DXI GLH 3ODWWH XQG VWDUUWH PLW JHVWUlXEWHP 6FKQXUUEDUW
XQG JHU|WHWHQ $XJHQ ]X VHLQHP %UXGHU HPSRU GHU VHLQHUVHLWV
DXIUHFKWEOHLFKXQGPLWKDOEJHVHQNWHQ/LGHUQDXILKQKLQDEEOLFNWH
ª'HLQ +HU] LVW VR YROO YRQ .lOWH XQG hEHOZROOHQ XQG 0L‰DFKWXQJ
JHJHQ PLFK© IXKU &KULVWLDQ IRUW XQG VHLQH 6WLPPH ZDU ]XJOHLFK
KRKO XQG NUlFK]HQG« ª6RODQJH LFK GHQNHQ NDQQ KDVW GX HLQH
VROFKH .lOWH DXI PLFK DXVVWU|PHQ ODVVHQ GD‰ PLFK LQ GHLQHU
*HJHQZDUW EHVWlQGLJ JHIURUHQ KDW« MD GDV PDJ HLQ VRQGHUEDUHU
$XVGUXFN VHLQ DEHU ZHQQ LFK HV GRFK VR HPSILQGH"« 'X ZHLVHVW
PLFKDE«'XZHLVHVWPLFKDEZHQQGXPLFKQXUDQVLHKVWXQGDXFK
GDV WXVW GX EHLQDKH QLH 8QG ZDV JLEW GLU GDV 5HFKW GD]X" 'X ELVW
GRFKDXFKHLQ0HQVFKXQGKDVWGHLQH6FKZlFKHQ 'X ELVW XQVHUHQ
(OWHUQ LPPHU GHU EHVVHUH 6RKQ JHZHVHQ DEHU ZHQQ GX LKQHQ
ZLUNOLFKVRYLHOQlKHUVWHKVWDOVLFKVRVROOWHVWGXGLUGRFKDXFKHLQ
ZHQLJ YRQ LKUHU FKULVWOLFKHQ 'HQNXQJVDUW DQHLJQHQ XQG ZHQQ GLU
VFKRQDOOHJHVFKZLVWHUOLFKH/LHEHIUHPGLVWVRVROOWHPDQGRFKHLQH
6SXUYRQFKULVWOLFKHU/LHEHYRQGLUHUZDUWHQGUIHQ$EHUGXELVWVR
OLHEORVGD‰GXPLFKQLFKWHLQPDOEHVXFKW«QLFKWHLQHLQ]LJHV0DO
LP .UDQNHQKDXVH EHVXFKW KDVW DOV LFK LQ +DPEXUJ PLW
*HOHQNUKHXPDWLVPXVGDQLHGHUODJ©
ª,FKKDEH(UQVWHUHV]XEHGHQNHQDOVGHLQH.UDQNKHLWHQhEULJHQV
LVWPHLQHHLJHQH*HVXQGKHLW«©
ª1HLQ7KRPDVGHLQH*HVXQGKHLWLVWSUlFKWLJ'XVl‰HVWKLHUQLFKW
DOV GHU GHU GX ELVW ZHQQ VLH QLFKW LP 9HUKlOWQLV ]X PHLQHU JDQ]
DXVJH]HLFKQHWZlUH©
ª,FKELQYLHOOHLFKWNUlQNHUDOVGX©
ª'X ZlUHVW 1HLQ GDV LVW VWDUN 7RQ\ *HUGD (U VDJW HU VHL
NUlQNHU DOV LFK :DV" +DVW GX YLHOOHLFKW LQ +DPEXUJ PLW
*HOHQNUKHXPDWLVPXV DXI GHP 7RGH JHOHJHQ" +DVW GX QDFK MHGHU
NOHLQVWHQ 8QUHJHOPl‰LJNHLW HLQH 4XDO LQ GHLQHP .|USHU
DXV]XKDOWHQGLH JDQ] XQEHVFKUHLEOLFKLVW" 6LQG YLHOOHLFKW DQ GHLQHU
OLQNHQ6HLWHDOOH1HUYHQ]XNXU]"$XWRULWlWHQKDEHQPLFKYHUVLFKHUW
GD‰HVEHLPLUGHU)DOOLVW3DVVLHUHQGLUYLHOOHLFKWVROFKH'LQJHGD‰
ZHQQGXLQGHU'lPPHUXQJLQGHP=LPPHUNRPPVWGXDXIGHLQHP


6RIDHLQHQ0DQQVLW]HQVLHKVWGHUGLU]XQLFNWXQGGDEHL EHUKDXSW
JDUQLFKWYRUKDQGHQLVW"©
ª&KULVWLDQ©VWLH‰)UDX3HUPDQHGHUHQWVHW]W KHUYRU ª:DV VSULFKVW
GX0HLQ*RWWZRUEHUVWUHLWHWLKUHXFKHLJHQWOLFK",KUWXWDOVVHLHV
HLQH(KUHGHU.UlQNHUH]XVHLQ:HQQHVGDUDXIDQNlPHVRKlWWHQ
OHLGHU *HUGD XQG LFK DXFK QRFK HLQ :|UWFKHQ PLW]XUHGHQ 8QG
0XWWHUOLHJWQHEHQDQ©
ª8QG GX EHJUHLIVW QLFKW 0HQVFK© ULHI 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN
OHLGHQVFKDIWOLFK ªGD‰ DOOH GLHVH :LGULJNHLWHQ )ROJHQ XQG
$XVJHEXUWHQ GHLQHU /DVWHU VLQG GHLQHV 1LFKWVWXQV GHLQHU
6HOEVWEHREDFKWXQJ"$UEHLWH+|UHDXIGHLQH=XVWlQGH]XKHJHQXQG
]XSIOHJHQXQGGDUEHU]XUHGHQ:HQQGXYHUUFNWZLUVWXQGLFK
VDJHGLUDXVGUFNOLFKGD‰GDVQLFKWXQP|JOLFKLVWLFKZHUGHQLFKW
LPVWDQGHVHLQHLQH7UlQHGDUEHU]XYHUJLH‰HQGHQQHVZLUGGHLQH
6FKXOGVHLQGHLQHDOOHLQ©
ª1HLQGXZLUVWDXFKNHLQH7UlQHYHUJLH‰HQZHQQLFKVWHUEH©
ª'XVWLUEVWMDQLFKW©VDJWHGHU6HQDWRUYHUlFKWOLFK
ª,FKVWHUEHQLFKW"*XWLFKVWHUEHDOVRQLFKW:LUZHUGHQMDVHKHQ
ZHUYRQXQVEHLGHQIUKHUVWLUEW$UEHLWH:HQQLFKDEHUQLFKWNDQQ"
:HQQ LFK HV QXQ DEHU DXI GLH 'DXHU QLFKW NDQQ +HUU *RWW LP
+LPPHO" ,FK NDQQ QLFKW ODQJH =HLW GDVVHOEH WXQ LFK ZHUGH HOHQG
GDYRQ :HQQ GX HV JHNRQQW KDVW XQG NDQQVW VR IUHXH GLFK GRFK
DEHUVLW]HQLFKW]X*HULFKWGHQQHLQ9HUGLHQVWLVWQLFKWGDEHL*RWW
JLEW GHP HLQHQ .UDIW XQG GHP DQGHUHQ QLFKW $EHU VR ELVW GX
7KRPDV©IXKUHUIRUWLQGHPHUVLFKPLWLPPHUYHU]HUUWHUHP*HVLFKW
EHUGHQ7LVFKEHXJWHXQGLPPHUKHIWLJHUDXIGLH3ODWWHSRFKWHª'X
ELVW VHOEVWJHUHFKW DFK ZDUWH QXU GDV LVW HV QLFKW ZDV LFK VDJHQ
ZROOWH XQG ZDV LFK JHJHQ GLFK YRU]XEULQJHQ KDEH $EHU LFK ZHL‰
QLFKWZRLFKDQIDQJHQVROOXQGGDVZDVLFKZHUGH VDJHQ N|QQHQ
LVWQXUGHUWDXVHQGVWHDFKHVLVWQXUGHUPLOOLRQVWH7HLOYRQGHPZDV
LFKJHJHQGLFKDXIGHP+HU]HQKDEH
'X KDVW GLU HLQHQ 3ODW] LP /HEHQ HUREHUW HLQH JHHKUWH 6WHOOXQJ
XQG GD VWHKVW GX QXQ XQG ZHLVHVW NDOW XQG PLW %HZX‰WVHLQ DOOHV
]XUFNZDVGLFKHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNEHLUUHQXQGGHP*OHLFKJHZLFKW
VW|UHQ NRQQWH GHQQ GDV *OHLFKJHZLFKW GDV LVW GLU GDV :LFKWLJVWH
$EHU HV LVW QLFKW GDV :LFKWLJVWH 7KRPDV HV LVW YRU *RWW QLFKW GLH


+DXSWVDFKH'XELVWHLQ(JRLVWMDGDVELVWGX,FKOLHEHGLFKQRFK
ZHQQ GX VFKLOWVW XQG DXIWULWWVW XQG HLQHQ QLHGHUGRQQHUVW $EHU DP
VFKOLPPVWHQLVWGHLQ6FKZHLJHQDPVFKOLPPVWHQLVWHVZHQQGXDXI
HWZDV ZDV PDQ JHVDJW KDW SO|W]OLFK YHUVWXPPVW XQG GLFK
]XUFN]LHKVWXQGMHGH9HUDQWZRUWXQJDEOHKQVWYRUQHKPXQGLQWDNW
XQG GHQ DQGHUHQ KLOIORV VHLQHU %HVFKlPXQJ EHUOD‰W 'X ELVW VR
RKQH0LWOHLGXQG/LHEHXQG'HPXW$FK©ULHIHUSO|W]OLFKLQGHPHU
EHLGH+lQGHKLQWHUVHLQHQ.RSIEHZHJWHXQGVLHGDQQZHLWYRUZlUWV
VWLH‰ DOV ZHKUWH HU GLH JDQ]H :HOW YRQ VLFK DE ª:LH VDWW LFK GDV
DOOHVKDEHGLHV7DNWJHIKOXQG)HLQJHIKOXQG*OHLFKJHZLFKWGLHVH
+DOWXQJXQG:UGHZLHVWHUEHQVVDWW©
8QGGLHVHUOHW]WH5XIZDULQHLQHPVROFKHQ*UDGHHFKWHUNDPVR
VHKU YRQ +HU]HQ XQG EUDFK PLW HLQHP VROFKHQ 1DFKGUXFN YRQ
:LGHUZLOOHQ XQG hEHUGUX‰ KHUYRU GD‰ HU WDWVlFKOLFK HWZDV
1LHGHUVFKPHWWHUQGHV KDWWH MD GD‰ 7KRPDV HLQ ZHQLJ
]XVDPPHQVDQN XQG HLQH :HLOH ZRUWORV XQG PLW PGHU 0LHQH YRU
VLFKQLHGHUEOLFNWHª,FKELQJHZRUGHQZLHLFKELQ©VDJWHHUHQGOLFK
XQGVHLQH6WLPPHNODQJEHZHJWªZHLOLFKQLFKWZHUGHQZROOWHZLH
GX:HQQLFKGLFKLQQHUOLFKJHPLHGHQKDEHVRJHVFKDKHVZHLOLFK
PLFKYRUGLUKWHQPX‰ZHLOGHP6HLQXQG:HVHQHLQH*HIDKUIU
PLFKLVWLFKVSUHFKHGLH:DKUKHLW©
(U VFKZLHJ HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN XQG IXKU GDQQ LQ NU]HUHP XQG
EHIHVWLJWHP 7RQH IRUW ªhEULJHQV KDEHQ ZLU XQV ZHLW YRQ XQVHUHP
*HJHQVWDQGHHQWIHUQW'XKDVWPLUHLQH5HGHEHUPHLQHQ&KDUDNWHU
JHKDOWHQHLQHHWZDVYHUZRUUHQH5HGHGLHYLHOOHLFKWHLQHQ.HUQYRQ
:DKUKHLWHQWKLHOW$EHUHVKDQGHOWVLFKMHW]WQLFKWXPPLFKVRQGHUQ
XPGLFK'X WUlJVW GLFK PLW +HLUDWVJHGDQNHQ XQG LFK P|FKWH GLFK
P|JOLFKVW JUQGOLFK GDYRQ EHU]HXJHQ GD‰ GLH $XVIKUXQJ LQ GHU
:HLVHZLHGXVLHSODQVWXQP|JOLFKLVW(UVWHQVZHUGHQGLH=LQVHQ
GLH LFK GLU ZHUGH DXV]DKOHQ N|QQHQ YRQ NHLQHU VHKU HUPXWLJHQGHQ
+|KHVHLQ©
ª$OLQHKDWPDQFKHV]XUFNJHOHJW©
'HU 6HQDWRU VFKOXFNWH KLQXQWHU XQG EH]ZDQJ VLFK ª+P 
]XUFNJHOHJW 'X JHGHQNVW DOVR 0XWWHUV (UEH PLW GHQ (UVSDUQLVVHQ
GLHVHU'DPH]XYHUPLVFKHQ©


ª-D ,FK VHKQH PLFK QDFK HLQHP +HLP XQG QDFK MHPDQGHP GHU
0LWOHLGPLWPLUKDWZHQQLFKNUDQNELQhEULJHQVSDVVHQZLUJDQ]
JXW]XVDPPHQ:LUVLQGEHLGHHLQEL‰FKHQYHUIDKUHQ©
ª'X JHGHQNVW IHUQHU GLH YRUKDQGHQHQ .LQGHU ]X DGRSWLHUHQ
EH]LHKXQJVZHLVH]XOHJLWLPLHUHQ"©
ª-DZRKO©
ª6R GD‰ DOVR GHLQ 9HUP|JHQ QDFK GHLQHP 7RGH DQ MHQH /HXWH
EHUJLQJH"©$OVGHU6HQDWRUGLHVVDJWHOHJWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHULKUH
+DQG DXI VHLQHQ $UP XQG IOVWHUWH EHVFKZ|UHQG ª7KRPDV«
0XWWHUOLHJWQHEHQDQ«©
ª-D©DQWZRUWHWH&KULVWLDQªGDVJHK|UWVLFKGRFKVR©
ª1XQ GX ZLUVW GDV DOOHV QLFKW WXQ© ULHI GHU 6HQDWRU XQG VSUDQJ
DXI$XFK&KULVWLDQHUKREVLFKWUDWKLQWHU VHLQHQ6WXKO HUID‰WH LKQ
PLW HLQHU +DQG GUFNWH GDV .LQQ DXI GLH %UXVW XQG VDK VHLQHQ
%UXGHUKDOEVFKHXXQGKDOEHQWUVWHWDQª'XZLUVWHVQLFKWWXQ«©
ZLHGHUKROWH7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNEHLQDKHVLQQORVYRU=RUQEOD‰
EHEHQGXQGPLW]XFNHQGHQ%HZHJXQJHQª6RODQJHLFKEHUGHU(UGH
ELQJHVFKLHKWGLHVQLFKW«LFKVFKZ|UHHVGLU«+WHGLFK«QLPP
GLFK LQ DFKW« (V LVW JHQXJ *HOG GXUFK 8QJOFN 7RUKHLW XQG
1LHGHUWUDFKWYHUORUHQJHJDQJHQDOVGD‰GXGLFKXQWHUVWHKHQGUIWHVW
HLQ9LHUWHOYRQ0XWWHUV9HUP|JHQGLHVHP)UDXHQ]LPPHUXQGLKUHQ
%DVWDUGHQLQGHQ6FKR‰]XZHUIHQ«8QGGDVQDFKGHPVFKRQHLQ
DQGHUHV 9LHUWHO YRQ 7LEXUWLXV HUVFKOLFKHQ ZRUGHQ« 'X KDVW GHU
)DPLOLH JHQXJ GHU %OlPH ]XJHIJW 0HQVFK DOV GD‰ HV QRFK Q|WLJ
ZlUH XQV PLW HLQHU .XUWLVDQH ]X YHUVFKZlJHUQ XQG LKUHQ .LQGHUQ
XQVHUHQ1DPHQ]XJHEHQ,FKYHUELHWHHVGLUK|UVWGX"LFKYHUELHWH
HV GLU© ULHI HU PLW HLQHU 6WLPPH GD‰ GDV =LPPHU HUGU|KQWH XQG
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU VLFK ZHLQHQG LQ HLQHQ :LQNHO GHV 6RIDV GUFNWH
ª8QGZDJHHVQLFKWJHJHQGLHV9HUERW]XKDQGHOQGDVUDWHLFKGLU
,FK KDEH GLFK ELV MHW]W EOR‰ YHUDFKWHW LFK KDEH EHU GLFK
KLQZHJJHVHKHQ« DEHU IRUGHUVW GX PLFK KHUDXV Ol‰W GX HV ]XP
bX‰HUVWHQ NRPPHQ VR ZHUGHQ ZLU VHKHQ ZHU GHQ NU]HUHQ ]LHKW
,FK VDJH GLU KWH GLFK ,FK NHQQH NHLQH 5FNVLFKW PHKU ,FK ODVVH
GLFKIUNLQGLVFKHUNOlUHQLFKODVVHGLFKHLQVSHUUHQLFKPDFKHGLFK
]XQLFKWH=XQLFKWH9HUVWHKVWGXPLFK"«©


ª8QGLFKVDJHGLU«©ILQJ&KULVWLDQDQ«8QGQXQJLQJGDV*DQ]H
LQ HLQHQ :RUWVWUHLW EHU HLQHQ DEJHULVVHQHQ QLFKWLJHQ
EHNODJHQVZHUWHQ:RUWVWUHLWRKQHHLQHLJHQWOLFKHV7KHPDRKQHHLQHQ
DQGHUHQ=ZHFNDOVGHQ]XEHOHLGLJHQHLQDQGHUPLW:RUWHQELVDXIV
%OXW]XYHUZXQGHQ&KULVWLDQNDPDXIGHQ&KDUDNWHUVHLQHV%UXGHUV
]XUFNXQGVXFKWHDXVDOWHU9HUJDQJHQKHLWHLQ]HOQH=JHSHLQOLFKH
$QHNGRWHQ KHUYRU GLH 7KRPDV¶ (JRLVPXV EHOHJHQ VROOWHQ XQG GLH
&KULVWLDQ QLFKW KDWWH YHUJHVVHQ N|QQHQ VRQGHUQ PLW VLFK
XPKHUJHWUDJHQXQGPLW%LWWHUNHLWGXUFKWUlQNWKDWWH8QGGHU6HQDWRU
DQWZRUWHWH LKP LQ EHUWULHEHQHQ :RUWHQ GHU 9HUDFKWXQJ XQG GHU
'URKXQJGLHHU]HKQ0LQXWHQVSlWHUEHUHXWH*HUGDKDWWHGDV+DXSW
OHLFKW LQ GLH +DQG JHVWW]W XQG EHREDFKWHWH GLH EHLGHQ PLW
YHUVFKOHLHUWHQ $XJHQ XQG HLQHP QLFKW EHVWLPPEDUHQ
*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ZLHGHUKROWH EHVWlQGLJ LQ
9HU]ZHLIOXQJ ª8QG 0XWWHU OLHJW QHEHQDQ« 8QG 0XWWHU OLHJW
QHEHQDQ«©
&KULVWLDQGHUVLFKVFKRQZlKUHQGGHUOHW]WHQ5HSOLNHQLP=LPPHU
KLQXQGKHUEHZHJWKDWWHUlXPWHHQGOLFKGHQ.DPSISODW]
ª(V LVW JXW :LU ZHUGHQ MD VHKHQ© ULHI HU XQG PLW YHUZLOGHUWHP
6FKQXUUEDUW XQG URWHQ $XJHQ GHQ 5RFN RIIHQ GDV 7DVFKHQWXFK LQ
GHUKHUDEKlQJHQGHQ+DQGKLW]LJXQGH[DOWLHUWJLQJHU]XU7UXQG
OLH‰VLHKLQWHUVLFKLQV6FKOR‰IDOOHQ
,QGHUSO|W]OLFKHQ6WLOOHVWDQGGHU6HQDWRUQRFKHLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN
DXIUHFKWXQGVDKGRUWKLQZRVHLQ%UXGHUYHUVFKZXQGHQZDU'DQQ
VHW]WHHUVLFKVFKZHLJHQGQDKPPLWNXU]HQ%HZHJXQJHQGLH3DSLHUH
ZLHGHU]XU+DQGXQGHUOHGLJWH PLWWURFNHQHQ :RUWHQ ZDVQRFK ]X
HUOHGLJHQZDUZRUDXIHUVLFK]XUFNOHKQWHGLH6SLW]HQVHLQHV%DUWHV
GXUFKGLH)LQJHUJOHLWHQOLH‰XQGLQ*HGDQNHQYHUVDQN
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHUV +HU] SRFKWH VR YROOHU $QJVW 'LH )UDJH GLH
JUR‰H )UDJH ZDU QXQ QLFKW OlQJHU KLQDXV]XVFKLHEHQ VLH PX‰WH ]XU
6SUDFKHNRPPHQHUPX‰WHVLHEHDQWZRUWHQ«DEHUDFKZDUHUMHW]W
LQGHU6WLPPXQJ3LHWlWXQG0LOGHZDOWHQ]XODVVHQ"ª8QG«7RP
© ILQJ VLH DQ LQGHP VLH ]XHUVW LQ LKUHQ 6FKR‰ EOLFNWH XQG GDQQ
HLQHQ ]DJHQ 9HUVXFK PDFKWH LQ VHLQHU 0LHQH ]X OHVHQ« ª'LH
0|EHO«'XKDVWQDWUOLFKVFKRQDOOHVLQ(UZlJXQJJH]RJHQ«'LH
6DFKHQGLHXQVJHK|UHQLFKPHLQH(ULNDGHU.OHLQHQXQGPLU«VLH


EOHLEHQKLHU«PLWXQV«NXU]«GDV+DXVZLHLVWHVGDPLW"©IUDJWH
VLHXQGUDQJKHLPOLFKGLH+lQGH
'HU 6HQDWRU DQWZRUWHWH QLFKW VRJOHLFK VRQGHUQ IXKU HLQH :HLOH
IRUWGHQ6FKQXUUEDUW]XGUHKHQXQGPLWWUEHU1DFKGHQNOLFKNHLWLQ
VLFK KLQHLQ]XEOLFNHQ 'DQQ DWPHWH HU DXI XQG ULFKWHWH VLFK HPSRU
ª'DV+DXV"©VDJWHHU«ª(VJHK|UWQDWUOLFKXQVDOOHQGLU&KULVWLDQ
XQGPLU«XQGNRPLVFKHUZHLVHDXFKGHP3DVWRU7LEXUWLXVGHQQGHU
$QWHLO JHK|UW ]X &ODUD¶V (UEH ,FK DOOHLQ KDEH QLFKWV GDUEHU ]X
HQWVFKHLGHQVRQGHUQEHGDUIHXUHU=XVWLPPXQJ$EHUGDV*HJHEHQH
LVWVHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFK VREDOG DOV P|JOLFK ]X YHUNDXIHQ© VFKOR‰ HU
DFKVHO]XFNHQG 'HQQRFK JLQJ HWZDV GDEHL EHU VHLQ *HVLFKW DOV
HUVFKUlNHHUEHUVHLQHHLJHQHQ:RUWH
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHUV .RSI VDQN WLHI KHUDE LKUH +lQGH K|UWHQ DXI
HLQDQGHU ]X SUHVVHQ XQG HUVFKODIIWHQ SO|W]OLFK LQ DOOHQ *OLHGHUQ
ª8QVHUH =XVWLPPXQJ© ZLHGHUKROWH VLH QDFK HLQHU 3DXVH WUDXULJ
XQG VRJDU PLW HLQLJHU %LWWHUNHLW ª/LHEHU *RWW GX ZHL‰W JXW 7RP
GD‰GXWXQZLUVWZDVGXIUULFKWLJKlOWVWXQGGD‰ZLUDQGHUHQGLU
XQVHUH=XVWLPPXQJQLFKWODQJHYHUVDJHQN|QQHQ«$EHUZHQQZLU
HLQ:RUWHLQOHJHQ«GLFKELWWHQGUIHQ©IXKUVLHEHLQDKHWRQORVIRUW
XQG LKUH 2EHUOLSSH EHJDQQ ]X EHEHQ« ª'DV +DXV 0XWWHUV +DXV
8QVHU(OWHUQKDXV,QGHPZLUVRJOFNOLFKJHZHVHQVLQG:LUVROOHQ
HVYHUNDXIHQ«©
'HU 6HQDWRU ]XFNWH ZLHGHU GLH $FKVHOQ ª'X ZLUVW PLU JODXEHQ
.LQGGD‰DOOHVZDVGXPLUYRUKDOWHQNDQQVWPLFKRKQHKLQVRVHKU
EHZHJW ZLH GLFK« $EHU *HJHQJUQGH VLQG GDV QLFKW VRQGHUQ
6HQWLPHQWV :DV ]X WXQ LVW VWHKW IHVW 'D KDEHQ ZLU GLHV JUR‰H
*UXQGVWFN« ZDV VROOHQ ZLU MHW]W GDPLW EHJLQQHQ" 6HLW ODQJHQ
-DKUHQVFKRQVHLW9DWHUV7RGHYHUIlOOWGDVJDQ]H5FNJHElXGH,P
%LOODUGVDDOOHEWHLQHIUHLH.DW]HQIDPLOLHXQGWULWWPDQQlKHUVROlXIW
PDQ *HIDKU GXUFK GHQ )X‰ERGHQ ]X EUHFKHQ« -D KlWWH LFK QLFKW
PHLQ+DXVLQGHU)LVFKHUJUXEH$EHULFKKDEHHVXQGZRKLQGDPLW"
6ROO LFK YLHOOHLFKW OLHEHU GDV YHUNDXIHQ" 8UWHLOH GRFK VHOEVW« DQ
ZHQ" ,FK ZUGH XQJHIlKU GLH +lOIWH GHV *HOGHV YHUOLHUHQ GDV LFK
KLQHLQJHVWHFNW$FK7RQ\ZLUKDEHQ*UXQGVWFNHJHQXJZLUKDEHQ
YLHO ]XYLHO GDYRQ 'LH 6SHLFKHU XQG ]ZHL JUR‰H +lXVHU 'HU :HUW
GHU *UXQGVWFNH VWHKW MD NDXP QRFK LQ HLQHP 9HUKlOWQLV ]X GHP
EHZHJOLFKHQ.DSLWDO1HLQYHUNDXIHQYHUNDXIHQ«©


$EHU )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU K|UWH QLFKW 1LHGHUJHEHXJW XQG LQ VLFK
JHNHKUWVD‰VLHGDXQGEOLFNWHPLWIHXFKWHQ$XJHQLQV/HHUHª8QVHU
+DXV© PXUPHOWH VLH« ª,FK ZHL‰ QRFK ZLH ZLU HV HLQZHLKWHQ«
:LU ZDUHQ QLFKW JU|‰HU DOV VR GDPDOV 'LH JDQ]H )DPLOLH ZDU GD
8QG 2QNHO +RIIVWHGH WUXJ HLQ *HGLFKW YRU« (V OLHJW LQ GHU
0DSSH« ,FK ZHL‰ HV DXVZHQGLJ« 9HQXV $QDG\RPHQH« 'DV
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU'HU(‰VDDO)UHPGH/HXWH«©
ª-D7RQ\VRZHUGHQGDPDOVGLHDXFKJHGDFKWKDEHQGLHGDV+DXV
YHUODVVHQ PX‰WHQ DOV *UR‰YDWHU HV NDXIWH 6LH KDWWHQ LKU *HOG
YHUORUHQ XQG PX‰WHQ GDYRQ]LHKHQ XQG VLQG JHVWRUEHQ XQG
YHUGRUEHQ$OOHVKDWVHLQH=HLW)UHXHQZLUXQVXQGGDQNHQZLU*RWW
GD‰HVPLWXQVQRFKQLFKWVRZHLWLVWZLHHVGDPDOVPLW5DWHQNDPSV
ZDU XQG GD‰ ZLU QRFK XQWHU JQVWLJHUHQ 8PVWlQGHQ YRQ KLHU
$EVFKLHGQHKPHQDOVVLH«©
6FKOXFK]HQ HLQ ODQJVDPHV VFKPHU]OLFKHV $XIVFKOXFK]HQ
XQWHUEUDFKLKQ)UDX3HUPDQHGHUV+LQJHEXQJDQLKUHQ.XPPHUZDU
VRJUR‰GD‰VLHQLFKWHLQPDOGDUDQGDFKWHGLH7UlQHQ]XWURFNQHQ
GLH EHU LKUH :DQJHQ UDQQHQ 6LH VD‰ YRUQEHUJHEHXJW XQG
]XVDPPHQJHVXQNHQ XQG HLQ ZDUPHU 7URSIHQ ILHO DXI LKUH PDWW LP
6FKR‰HUXKHQGHQ+lQGHKLQDERKQHGD‰VLHGHVVHQDFKWHWHª7RP©
VDJWH VLH XQG JHZDQQ LKUHU 6WLPPH GLH GLH 7UlQHQ ]X HUVWLFNHQ
GURKWHQHLQHOHLVHUKUHQGH)HVWLJNHLWDEª'XZHL‰WQLFKWZLHPLU
]XPXWH LVW LQ GLHVHU 6WXQGH GX ZHL‰W HV QLFKW (V LVW GHLQHU
6FKZHVWHUQLFKWJXWHUJDQJHQLP/HEHQHVKDWLKUEHOPLWJHVSLHOW
$OOHVLVWDXI PLFK KHUDEJHNRPPHQ ZDV VLFK QXU DXVGHQNHQOLH‰«
LFK ZHL‰ QLFKW ZRPLW LFK HV YHUGLHQW KDEH $EHU LFK KDEH DOOHV
KLQJHQRPPHQ RKQH ]X YHU]DJHQ 7RP GDV PLW *UQOLFK XQG GDV
PLW 3HUPDQHGHU XQG GDV PLW :HLQVFKHQN 'HQQLPPHU ZHQQ *RWW
PHLQ/HEHQZLHGHULQ6WFNHJHKHQOLH‰VRZDULFKGRFKQLFKWJDQ]
YHUORUHQ,FKZX‰WHHLQHQ2UWHLQHQVLFKHUHQ+DIHQVR]XVDJHQZR
LFK]X+DXVHXQGJHERUJHQZDUZRKLQLFKPLFKIOFKWHQNRQQWHYRU
DOOHP 8QJHPDFK GHV /HEHQV« $XFK MHW]W QRFK DOV GRFK DOOHV ]X
(QGHZDUXQGDOVVLH:HLQVFKHQNLQV*HIlQJQLVIXKUHQ«¾0XWWHU½
VDJWHLFK¾GUIHQZLU]XGLU]LHKHQ"½¾-D.LQGHUNRPPW½«$OVZLU
NOHLQZDUHQXQG¾.ULHJHQ½VSLHOWHQ7RPGDJDEHVLPPHUHLQ¾0DO½
HLQDEJHJUHQ]WHV)OHFNFKHQZRKLQPDQODXIHQNRQQWHZHQQPDQLQ
1RW XQG %HGUlQJQLV ZDU XQG ZR PDQ QLFKW DEJHVFKODJHQ ZHUGHQ


GXUIWHVRQGHUQLQ)ULHGHQDXVUXKHQNRQQWH0XWWHUV+DXVGLHV+DXV
KLHU ZDU PHLQ ¾0DO½ LP /HEHQ 7RP« 8QG QXQ« XQG QXQ«
YHUNDXIHQ«©
6LH OHKQWH VLFK ]XUFN YHUEDUJ LKU *HVLFKW LP 6FKQXSIWXFK XQG
ZHLQWHELWWHUOLFK
(U]RJHLQHLKUHU+lQGHKHUXQWHUXQGQDKPVLHLQGLHVHLQHQª,FK
ZHL‰ HV MD OLHEH 7RQ\ LFK ZHL‰ HV MD DOOHV $EHU ZROOHQ ZLU QXQ
QLFKW HLQ ZHQLJ YHUQQIWLJ VHLQ" 'LH JXWH 0XWWHU LVW GDKLQ« ZLU
UXIHQ VLH QLFKW ]XUFN :DV QXQ" (V LVW XQVLQQLJ JHZRUGHQ GLHV
+DXVDOVWRWHV.DSLWDO]XEHKDOWHQ«LFKPX‰GDVZLVVHQQLFKWZDKU
6ROOHQZLUHLQH0LHWVNDVHUQHGDUDXVPDFKHQ"«'HU*HGDQNHLVWGLU
VFKZHU GD‰ IUHPGH /HXWH KLHU ZRKQHQ VROOHQ DEHU GD LVW HV GRFK
EHVVHUGXVLHKVWHVQLFKWPLWDQVRQGHUQQLPPVWGLUXQGGHQ'HLQHQ
HLQ NOHLQHV KEVFKHV +DXV RGHU HLQH (WDJH LUJHQGZR YRUP 7RUH
]XP %HLVSLHO« 2GHU ZlUH HV GLU OLHEHUKLHU PLW HLQHU $Q]DKO YRQ
0LHWVSDUWHLHQ ]XVDPPHQ ]X KDXVHQ"« 8QG GHLQH )DPLOLH KDVW GX
GRFKLPPHUQRFK*HUGDXQGPLFKXQG%XGGHQEURRNVLQGHU%UHLWHQ
6WUD‰HXQG.U|JHUVXQGDXFK0DGHPRLVHOOH:HLFKEURGW«RKQHYRQ
.ORWKLOGH]XUHGHQYRQGHULFKQLFKWZHL‰RELKUGHU8PJDQJ PLW
XQV JHQHKP LVW VHLW VLH .ORVWHUGDPH JHZRUGHQ LVW VLH HLQ ZHQLJ
H[NOXVLY«©
6LHVWLH‰HLQHQ6HXI]HUDXVGHUKDOEHLQ/DFKHQZDUZDQGWHVLFK
DEXQGGUFNWHGDV7DVFKHQWXFKIHVWHUJHJHQGLH$XJHQVFKPROOHQG
ZLH HLQ.LQG GDV PDQ PLW HLQHP 6SD‰ VHLQHP /HLGH DEZHQGLJ ]X
PDFKHQ VXFKW 'DQQ DEHU HQWKOOWH VLH PLW (QWVFKORVVHQKHLW LKU
*HVLFKWXQGVHW]WHVLFK]XUHFKWLQGHPVLHZLHLPPHUZHQQHVJDOW
&KDUDNWHUXQG:UGH]X]HLJHQGHQ.RSI]XUFNOHJWHXQGGHQQRFK
YHUVXFKWHGDV.LQQDXIGLH%UXVW]XGUFNHQª-D7RP©VDJWHVLH
XQG LKUH YHUZHLQWHQ $XJHQ ]ZLQNHUWHQ PLW HUQVWHP XQG JHID‰WHP
$XVGUXFN]XP)HQVWHUKLQEHUªLFKZLOODXFKYHUVWlQGLJVHLQ«LFK
ELQ HV VFKRQ 'X PX‰W YHU]HLKHQ« XQG GX DXFK *HUGD« GD‰ LFK
JHZHLQW KDEH 'DV NDQQ HLQHP DQNRPPHQ« HV LVW HLQH 6FKZlFKH
$EHUHVLVWQXUlX‰HUOLFKJODXEWPLU,KUZL‰WVHKUZRKOGD‰LFKLP
*UXQGHHLQHYRP/HEHQJHVWlKOWH)UDXELQ«-D7RPGDVPLWGHP
WRWHQ.DSLWDOOHXFKWHWPLUHLQVRYLHO9HUVWDQGKDEHLFK,FKNDQQQXU
ZLHGHUKROHQGD‰GXWXQPX‰WZDVGXIUULFKWLJKlOWVW'XPX‰WIU
XQV GHQNHQ XQG KDQGHOQ GHQQ *HUGD XQG LFK VLQG :HLEHU XQG


&KULVWLDQ« QXQ *RWW VHL PLW LKP« :LU N|QQHQ GLU QLFKW
:LGHUSDUW KDOWHQ GHQQ ZDV ZLU YRUEULQJHQ N|QQHQ VLQG NHLQH
*HJHQJUXQGHVRQGHUQ6HQWLPHQWV GDV OLHJW DXI GHU +DQG $Q ZHQ
ZLUVW GX ZRKO YHUNDXIHQ 7RP" 0HLQVW GX GD‰ HV EDOG YRQVWDWWHQ
JHKHQZLUG"©
ª-D .LQG ZHQQ LFK GDV Z‰WH« ,PPHUKLQ« LFK KDEH VFKRQ
KHXWHPRUJHQHLQSDDU:RUWHPLW*|VFKGHP DOWHQ 0DNOHU *|VFK
JHZHFKVHOW HU VFKLHQ QLFKW DEJHQHLJW GLH 6DFKH LQ GLH +DQG ]X
QHKPHQ«©
ª'DV ZlUH JXW MD GDV ZlUH VHKU JXW 6LJLVPXQG *|VFK KDW
QDWUOLFKVHLQH6FKZlFKHQ«'DVPLWVHLQHQhEHUVHW]XQJHQDXVGHP
6SDQLVFKHQ ZRYRQ PDQ HU]lKOW  LFK NDQQ QLFKW ZLVVHQ ZLH GHU
'LFKWHU KHL‰W  LVW HWZDV VRQGHUEDU GDV PX‰W GX ]XJHEHQ 7RP
$EHUHUZDUVFKRQHLQ)UHXQGYRQ9DWHUXQGLVWHLQJUXQGHKUOLFKHU
0DQQ8QGGDQQKDWHU+HU]GDIULVWHUEHNDQQW(UZLUGEHJUHLIHQ
GD‰ HV VLFK KLHU QLFKW XP LUJHQGHLQHQ .DXI KDQGHOW XP LUJHQGHLQ
EHOLHELJHV +DXV« :DV GHQNVW GX 7RP ZDV ZLUVW GX YHUODQJHQ"
+XQGHUWWDXVHQG.XUDQWPDUNVLQGGRFKGDVZHQLJVWHZLH"«©
ª+XQGHUWWDXVHQG.XUDQWPDUNVLQGGRFKGDVZHQLJVWH7RP©VDJWH
VLHQRFKGLH7ULQGHU+DQGDOVLKU%UXGHUXQGVHLQH)UDXVFKRQ
GLH 7UHSSH KLQXQWHUVWLHJHQ 'DQQ DOOHLQ JHEOLHEHQ VWDQG VLH
LQPLWWHQGHV=LPPHUVVWLOOXQGGLHKLQDEKlQJHQGHQ+lQGHYRUVLFK
JHIDOWHWGHUDUWGD‰GLH)OlFKHQQDFKXQWHQJHZDQGWZDUHQEOLFNWH
VLH PLW JUR‰HQ UDWORVHQ $XJHQ UXQG XP VLFK KHU ,KU PLW HLQHP
+lXEFKHQ DXV VFKZDU]HQ 6SLW]HQ JHVFKPFNWHU .RSI GHQ VLH
XQDXIK|UOLFK OHLVH VFKWWHOWH VDQN YRQ *HGDQNHQ EHVFKZHUW
ODQJVDPWLHIHUXQGWLHIHUDXIHLQH6FKXOWHUKLQDE

'ULWWHV.DSLWHO

'HU NOHLQH -RKDQQ ZDU JHKDOWHQ VLFK YRQ GHU VWHUEOLFKHQ +OOH
VHLQHU*UR‰PXWWHU]XYHUDEVFKLHGHQVHLQ9DWHURUGQHWHGLHVDQXQG
HUOLH‰NHLQHQ/DXWGHV:LGHUVSUXFKHVYHUQHKPHQREJOHLFKHUVLFK
IUFKWHWH$P7DJHQDFKGHPVFKZHUHQ7RGHVNDPSIHGHU.RQVXOLQ


KDWWH GHU 6HQDWRU EHL 7LVFKH XQG ZLH HV VFKLHQ JHIOLVVHQWOLFK LQ
*HJHQZDUW VHLQHV 6RKQHV JHJHQ VHLQH *DWWLQ PLW HLQ SDDU KDUWHQ
:RUWHQ GDV %HWUDJHQ 2QNHO &KULVWLDQV YHUXUWHLOW GHU DOV HV GHU
.UDQNHQ DP VFKOLPPVWHQ JLQJ GDYRQJHVFKOLFKHQ XQG ]X %HWWH
JHJDQJHQ ZDU ª'DV VLQG GLH 1HUYHQ 7KRPDV© KDWWH *HUGD
JHDQWZRUWHW DEHU PLW HLQHP %OLFN DXI +DQQR GHU GHP .LQGH
NHLQHVZHJV HQWJDQJHQ ZDU KDWWH HU LKU LQ IDVW VWUHQJHP 7RQH
]XUFNJHJHEHQ GD‰ KLHU NHLQ :RUW GHU (QWVFKXOGLJXQJ DP 3ODW]H
VHL 'LH VHOLJH 0XWWHU KDEH VR VHKU JHOLWWHQ GD‰ PDQ VLFK KlWWH
VFKlPHQ PVVHQ DOO]X VFKPHU]ORV GDEHL]XVLW]HQ XQG VLFK QLFKW
IHLJHGHPEL‰FKHQ/HLGHQHQW]LHKHQGDVGHU$QEOLFNLKUHU.lPSIH
LQHLQHPKHUYRUJHUXIHQKlWWH+LHUDXVKDWWH+DQQRJHVFKORVVHQGD‰
HUHVQLFKWZDJHQGUIHJHJHQGHQ%HVXFKDPRIIHQHQ6DUJHHWZDV
HLQ]XZHQGHQ
:LH EHLP ZHLKQDFKWOLFKHQ (LQ]JH ZDU LKP GHU JUR‰H 5DXP
HQWIUHPGHW DOV HU LKQ DP 7DJH YRUP %HJUlEQLVVH ]ZLVFKHQ 9DWHU
XQG 0XWWHU YRQ GHU 6lXOHQKDOOH DXV EHWUDW *HUDGHDXV ZHL‰
OHXFKWHQG JHJHQ GDV GXQNOH *UQ JUR‰HU 7RSIJHZlFKVH GLH PLW
KRKHQ VLOEHUQHQ $UPOHXFKWHUQ DEZHFKVHOQG HLQHQ +DOENUHLV
ELOGHWHQ VWDQG DXI VFKZDU]HP 3RVWDPHQWH GLH .RSLH YRQ
7KRUZDOGVHQV 6HJQHQGHP &KULVWXV GLH GUDX‰HQ DXI GHP .RUULGRU
LKUHQ 3ODW] JHKDEW KDWWH hEHUDOO DQ GHQ :lQGHQ EHZHJWH VLFK LP
/XIW]XJH VFKZDU]HU )ORU XQG YHUKOOWH GDV +LPPHOEODX GHU 7DSHWH
VRZRKO ZLH GDV /lFKHOQ GHU ZHL‰HQ *|WWHUVWDWXHQ GLH ]XJHVFKDXW
KDWWHQZHQQPDQLQGLHVHP6DDOHZRKOJHPXWWDIHOWH8QGXPJHEHQ
YRQVHLQHQJDQ]LQ6FKZDU]JHNOHLGHWHQ$QYHUZDQGWHQGHQEUHLWHQ
7UDXHUIORU XP GHQ bUPHO VHLQHV 0DWURVHQDQ]XJHV GHQ 6LQQ
XPQHEHOWYRQGHQ'IWHQZHOFKHGHQ0HQJHQYRQ%OXPHQJHELQGHQ
XQG.UlQ]HQHQWVWU|PWHQXQGPLWGHQHQVLFKJDQ]OHLVHXQGQXUEHL
GLHVHP RGHU MHQHP $WHP]XJ EHPHUNEDU HLQ DQGHUHU IUHPGHU XQG
GRFK DXI VHOWVDPH $UW YHUWUDXWHU 'XIW YHUPHQJWH VWDQG GHU NOHLQH
-RKDQQ]XU6HLWHGHU%DKUHXQGEOLFNWHDXIGLHUHJXQJVORVH*HVWDOW
GLHYRULKP]ZLVFKHQZHL‰HP$WODVVWUHQJXQGIHLHUOLFKDXVJHVWUHFNW
ODJ«
'LHVZDUQLFKW*UR‰PDPD(VZDULKUH*HVHOOVFKDIWVKDXEHPLWGHQ
ZHL‰VHLGHQHQ %lQGHUQ XQG LKU URWEUDXQHU 6FKHLWHO GDUXQWHU $EHU
GLHVH VSLW]H 1DVH GLHVH QDFK LQQHQ JH]RJHQHQ /LSSHQ GLHVHV


KHUYRUJHVFKREHQH .LQQ GLHVH JHOEHQ GXUFKVLFKWLJHQ JHIDOWHWHQ
+lQGH GHQHQ PDQ .lOWH XQG 6WHLIKHLW DQVDK JHK|UWHQ QLFKW LKU
'LHV ZDU HLQH IUHPGH ZlFKVHUQH 3XSSH GLH LQ GLHVHU :HLVH
DXI]XEDXHQ XQG ]X IHLHUQ HWZDV *UDXHQKDIWHV KDWWH 8QG HU EOLFNWH
]XP /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU KLQEHU DOV P‰WH GRUW LP QlFKVWHQ
$XJHQEOLFN GLH ZLUNOLFKH *UR‰PDPD HUVFKHLQHQ« $EHU VLH NDP
QLFKW 6LH ZDU WRW 'HU 7RG KDWWH VLH IU LPPHU PLW GLHVHU
ZlFKVHUQHQ )LJXU YHUWDXVFKW GLH LKUH /LGHU XQG /LSSHQ VR
XQHUELWWOLFKVRXQQDKEDUIHVWJHVFKORVVHQKLHOW«
(U VWDQG DXI GHP OLQNHQ %HLQH UXKHQG GDV UHFKWH .QLH VR
JHERJHQGD‰GHU)X‰OHLFKWDXIGHU6SLW]HEDODQFLHUWHXQGKLHOWPLW
HLQHU+DQGGHQ6FKLIIHUNQRWHQDXIVHLQHU%UXVWXPID‰WZlKUHQGGLH
DQGHUHVFKODIIKLQDEKLQJ6HLQ.RSIPLWGHPORFNLJLQGLH6FKOlIHQ
IDOOHQGHQ KHOOEUDXQHQ +DDU ZDU ]XU 6HLWH JHQHLJW XQG XQWHU
]XVDPPHQJH]RJHQHQ %UDXHQ EOLFNWHQ VHLQH JROGEUDXQHQ YRQ
EOlXOLFKHQ 6FKDWWHQ XPODJHUWHQ $XJHQ EOLQ]HOQG PLW HLQHP
DEJHVWR‰HQHQXQGJUEOHULVFKHQ$XVGUXFNLQGDV$QWOLW]GHU/HLFKH
(UDWPHWHODQJVDPXQG]|JHUQGGHQQEHLMHGHP$WHP]XJHHUZDUWHWH
HUGHQ'XIWMHQHQIUHPGHQXQGGRFKVRVHOWVDPYHUWUDXWHQ'XIWGHQ
GLH :RONHQ YRQ %OXPHQJHUFKHQ QLFKW LPPHU ]X EHUWlXEHQ
YHUPRFKWHQ8QGZHQQHUNDPZHQQHULKQYHUVSUWHVR]RJHQVLFK
VHLQH %UDXHQ IHVWHU ]XVDPPHQ XQG VHLQH /LSSHQ JHULHWHQ HLQHQ
$XJHQEOLFNLQ]LWWHUQGH%HZHJXQJ«6FKOLH‰OLFKVHXI]WHHUDEHUHV
NODQJVRVHKUZLHHLQWUlQHQORVHV6FKOXFK]HQGD‰)UDX3HUPDQHGHU
VLFK]XLKPQLHGHUEHXJWHLKQN‰WHXQGLKQIRUWIKUWH
8QG QDFKGHP GHU 6HQDWRU XQG VHLQH )UDX ]XVDPPHQ PLW )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU XQG (ULND :HLQVFKHQN ZlKUHQG ODQJHU 6WXQGHQ LP
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHUGLH.RQGRODWLRQHQGHU6WDGWHQWJHJHQJHQRPPHQ
KDWWHQ ZDUG (OLVDEHWK %XGGHQEURRN JHERUHQH .U|JHU ]XU (UGW
EHVWDWWHW$XVZlUWLJH9HUZDQGWHZDUHQDXV)UDQNIXUWXQG+DPEXUJ
GD]XHLQJHWURIIHQXQGKDWWHQ]XPOHW]WHQ0DOHJDVWOLFKH$XIQDKPH
LP0HQJVWUD‰HQKDXVHJHIXQGHQ8QGGLH0HQJHGHU/HLGWUDJHQGHQ
IOOWH 6DDO XQG /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU 6lXOHQKDOOH XQG .RUULGRU DOV
EHL EUHQQHQGHQ .HU]HQ LQ DXIUHFKWHU 0DMHVWlW ]X +lXSWHQ GHV
6DUJHV GDV UDVLHUWH $QWOLW] GHVVHQ $XVGUXFN ]ZLVFKHQ GVWHUHP
)DQDWLVPXV XQG PLOGHU 9HUNOlUXQJ ZHFKVHOWH EHU GHU EUHLWHQ
JHIDOWHWHQ +DOVNUDXVH JHQ +LPPHO JHZDQGW XQG GLH +lQGH GLFKW


XQWHUP .LQQ JHIDOWHW 3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLP YRQ 6DQNW 0DULHQ GLH
7UDXHUUHGHKLHOW
(U ORESULHV LQ VFKZHOOHQGHQ XQG YHUKDOOHQGHQ /DXWHQ GLH
(LJHQVFKDIWHQ GHU 'DKLQJHVFKLHGHQHQ LKUH 9RUQHKPKHLW XQG
'HPXW LKUH +HLWHUNHLW XQG )U|PPLJNHLW LKUH :RKOWlWLJNHLW XQG
0LOGH(UHUZlKQWHGHV-HUXVDOHPVDEHQGVXQGGHU6RQQWDJVVFKXOH 
HU OLH‰ GDV JDQ]H ODQJH UHLFKH XQG JOFNVHOLJH (UGHQOHEHQ GHU
9HUHZLJWHQQRFKHLQPDOLP*ODQ]VHLQHU'LDOHNWLNHUVWUDKOHQXQGGD
GDV:RUW ª(QGH© HLQ %HLZRUWKDEHQ PX‰ VR VSUDFKHU ]XOHW]W YRQ
LKUHPªVDQIWHQ(QGH©
)UDX3HUPDQHGHUZX‰WHZRKOZDVVLHLQGLHVHU6WXQGHVLFKVHOEVW
XQGGHUJDQ]HQ9HUVDPPOXQJDQ:UGHXQGUHSUlVHQWDWLYHU+DOWXQJ
VFKXOGHWH 6LH KDWWH ]XVDPPHQ PLW LKUHU 7RFKWHU (ULND XQG LKUHU
(QNHOLQ (OLVDEHWK GLH VLFKWEDUVWHQ (KUHQSOlW]H GLFKW EHLP 3DVWRU
QHEHQ GHP .RSIHQGH GHV PLW .UlQ]HQ EHGHFNWHQ 6DUJHV LQ %HVLW]
JHQRPPHQ ZlKUHQG 7KRPDV *HUGD &KULVWLDQ .ORWKLOGH XQG GHU
NOHLQH -RKDQQ VRZLH GHU DOWH .RQVXO .U|JHU GHU DXI HLQHP 6WXKOH
VD‰JOHLFKGHQ9HUZDQGWHQ]ZHLWHQ*UDGHVHVVLFKJHIDOOHQOLH‰HQ
GHU )HLHU DQ PLQGHU DXVJH]HLFKQHWHQ 3ODW]HQ EHL]XZRKQHQ
+RFKDXIJHULFKWHW PLW HLQ ZHQLJ HPSRUJH]RJHQHQ 6FKXOWHUQ GDV
VFKZDU]JHUlQGHUWH %DWLVWWXFK ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ ]XVDPPHQJHOHJWHQ
+lQGHQVWDQGVLHGDXQGLKU6WRO]EHUGLHHUVWH5ROOHGLHLKUEHL
GLHVHU )HLHUOLFKNHLW ]XILHO ZDU VR JUR‰ GD‰ HU PDQFKPDO GHQ
6FKPHU] YROOVWlQGLJ ]XUFNGUlQJWH XQG LQ 9HUJHVVHQKHLW JHUDWHQ
OLH‰ ,KUH $XJHQ GLH VLH LQ GHP %HZX‰WVHLQ GHQ EHREDFKWHQGHQ
%OLFNHQGHUJDQ]HQ6WDGWDXVJHVHW]W]XVHLQPHLVWHQVJHVHQNWKLHOW
NRQQWHQ HV VLFK KLH XQG GD QLFKW YHUVDJHQ EHU GLH 0HQJH
KLQ]XVFKZHLIHQ LQ GHU VLH DXFK -XOFKHQ 0|OOHQGRUSI JHERUHQH
+DJHQVWU|P XQG LKUHQ *DWWHQ JHZDKUWH« -D VLH KDWWHQ DOOH
NRPPHQ PVVHQ GLH 0|OOHQGRUSIV .LVWHQPDNHUV /DQJKDOV XQG
2HYHUGLHFNV %HYRU 7RQ\ %XGGHQEURRN LKU (OWHUQKDXV UlXPWH
KDWWHQVLHVLFKQRFKHLQPDOKLHU]XVDPPHQVFKDUHQPVVHQXPLKU
WURW] *UQOLFK WURW] 3HUPDQHGHU XQG WURW] +XJR :HLQVFKHQN LKUH
PLWWUDXHUQGH(KUHUELHWXQJ]XHUZHLVHQ«
8QG3DVWRU3ULQJVKHLPERKUWHPLWVHLQHU7UDXHUUHGHLQGHU:XQGH
KHUXP GLH GHU 7RG JHVFKODJHQ KDWWH HU IKUWH PLW %HUHFKQXQJ
HLQHPMHGHQYRU$XJHQZDVHUYHUORUHQHUYHUVWDQGHV7UlQHQDXFK


GRUW KHUYRU]XSUHVVHQ ZR YRQ VHOEVW NHLQH JHIORVVHQ ZlUHQ XQG
GDIUZDUHQGLH*HUKUWHQLKPGDQNEDU$OVHUGHQ-HUXVDOHPVDEHQG
]XU 6SUDFKH EUDFKWH EHJDQQHQ DOOH DOWHQ )UHXQGLQQHQ GHU
9HUVWRUEHQHQ]XVFKOXFK]HQPLW$XVQDKPHYRQ0DGDPH.HWKHOVHQ
GLH QLFKWV YHUQDKP XQG PLW GHU YHUVFKORVVHQHQ 0LHQH GHU 7DXEHQ
JHUDGHDXV EOLFNWH XQG GHU 6FKZHVWHUQ *HUKDUGW GHU 1DFKNRPPHQ
3DXO *HUKDUGWV GLH +DQG LQ +DQG PLW NODUHQ $XJHQ LQ HLQHP
:LQNHO VWDQGHQ GHQQ VLH ZDUHQ IU|KOLFK EHU GHQ 7RG LKUHU
)UHXQGLQ XQG EHQHLGHWHQ VLH QXU GHVKDOE QLFKW ZHLO 1HLG XQG
0L‰JXQVWLKUHQ+HU]HQIUHPGZDU
:DV 0DGHPRLVHOOH :HLFKEURGW EHWUDI VR SXW]WH VLH XQDXIK|UOLFK
LKUH 1DVH PLW HLQHP NXU]HQ XQG HQHUJLVFKHQ $N]HQW $EHU GLH
'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNDXVGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HZHLQWHQQLFKWGLHVZDU
QLFKW LKUH *HZRKQKHLW ,KUH 0LHQHQ ZHQLJHU VSLW] LPPHUKLQ DOV
JHZ|KQOLFKGUFNWHQHLQHPLOGH*HQXJWXXQJEHUGLHXQSDUWHLLVFKH
*HUHFKWLJNHLWGHV7RGHVDXV«
'DQQDOV3DVWRU3ULQJVKHLPVOHW]WHV$PHQYHUNOXQJHQNDPHQPLW
LKUHQVFKZDU]HQ'UHLVSLW]HQOHLVHXQG GHQQRFK VRVFKQHOO GD‰ GLH
VFKZDU]HQ0lQWHOKLQWHULKQHQVLFKEDXVFKWHQGLHYLHU7UlJHUKHUHLQ
XQG OHJWHQ +DQG DQ GHQ 6DUJ (V ZDUHQ YLHU /DNDLHQJHVLFKWHU GLH
MHGHUPDQQ NDQQWH /RKQGLHQHU GLH EHL MHGHP 'LQHU LQ GHQ HUVWHQ
.UHLVHQ GLH VFKZHUHQ 6FKVVHOQ UHLFKWHQ XQG DXI GHQ .RUULGRUHQ
0|OOHQGRUSIµVFKHQ 5RWZHLQ DXV GHQ .DUDIIHQ WUDQNHQ $EHU DXFK
EHL MHGHP %HJUlEQLV HUVWHU XQG ]ZHLWHU .ODVVH ZDUHQ VLH
XQHQWEHKUOLFKXQGLKUH*HZDQGWKHLWEHLGLHVHU$UEHLWZDUJUR‰6LH
ZX‰WHQZRKOGD‰GLHVHU$XJHQEOLFNGDGHU6DUJDXVGHU0LWWHGHU
9HUEOLHEHQHQ KHUDXV YRQ )UHPGHQ HUJULIIHQ XQG IU LPPHU
GDYRQJHVFKOHSSW ZLUG GXUFK 7DNW XQG %HKHQGLJNHLW EHUZXQGHQ
ZHUGHQ PX‰ 0LW ]ZHL RGHU GUHL KXUWLJHQ JHUlXVFKORVHQ XQG
NUlIWLJHQ %HZHJXQJHQ KDWWHQ VLH GLH /DVW YRQ GHU %DKUH DXI LKUH
6FKXOWHUQ JHKREHQ XQG NDXP GD‰ MHPDQG =HLW KDWWH VLFK GDV
6FKUHFNOLFKH GHV $XJHQEOLFNHV NODU]XPDFKHQ VR VFKZDQNWH GHU
EOXPHQEHGHFNWH 6FKUHLQ VFKRQ RKQH 9HU]|JHUXQJ XQG GHQQRFK
JHPHVVHQHQ7HPSRVGDYRQXQGYHUVFKZDQGGXUFKGLH6lXOHQKDOOH
'LH 'DPHQ GUlQJWHQ VLFK EHKXWVDP ]XP +lQGHGUXFN XP )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU XQG LKUH 7RFKWHU ZREHL VLH PLW QLHGHUJHVFKODJHQHQ
$XJHQQLFKWPHKUXQGQLFKWZHQLJHUPXUPHOWHQDOVZDVEHLGLHVHU


*HOHJHQKHLW JHPXUPHOW ZHUGHQ PX‰WH ZlKUHQG GLH +HUUHQ VLFK
DQVFKLFNWHQ]XGHQ:DJHQKLQXQWHU]XVWHLJHQ«
8QG HV NDP LQ ODQJHP VFKZDU]HP =XJH GLH ODQJH ODQJVDPH
)DKUWGXUFKGLHJUDXHQXQGIHXFKWHQ6WUD‰HQGXUFKV%XUJWRUKLQDXV
GLHHQWEOlWWHUWHLPNDOWHQ6SUKUHJHQVFKDXHUQGH $OOHH HQWODQJ ELV
]XP )ULHGKRI ZRVHOEVW PDQ ZlKUHQG KLQWHU HLQHP KDOENDKOHQ
*HVWUlXFK HLQ 7UDXHUPDUVFK HUNODQJ ]X )X‰ GHP 6DUJH EHU GLH
DXIJHZHLFKWHQ:HJHIROJWHELVGRUWKLQZRDP5DQGHGHV*HK|O]HV
GDV %XGGHQEURRN¶VFKH (UEEHJUlEQLV VHLQH YRQ GHP JUR‰HQ
6DQGVWHLQNUHX] JHNU|QWH JRWLVFKH 1DPHQVSODWWH HPSRUUDJHQ OLH‰«
'HU VWHLQHUQH 'HFNHO GHV *UDEHV PLW GHP SODVWLVFK JHDUEHLWHWHQ
)DPLOLHQZDSSHQ JH]LHUW ODJ QHEHQ GHU VFKZDU]HQ YRQ IHXFKWHP
*UQXPUDKPWHQ*UXIW
'HU3ODW] ZDU GRUW XQWHQ GHP QHXHQ $QN|PPOLQJ EHUHLWHW 8QWHU
GHU $XIVLFKWGHV 6HQDWRUV ZDU GRUW LQ GHQ OHW]WHQ 7DJHQ HLQ ZHQLJ
JHUlXPWXQGhEHUUHVWHDOWHU%XGGHQEURRNVZDUHQEHLVHLWHJHVFKDIIW
ZRUGHQ 1XQ VFKZHEWH ZlKUHQG GLH 0XVLN YHUNODQJ GHU 6DUJ DQ
GHQ 6WULFNHQ GHU 7UlJHU EHU GHU DXVJHPDXHUWHQ 7LHIH PLW HLQHP
OHLVHQ *HSROWHU JOLWW HU KLQDE XQG 3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLP ZHOFKHU
3XOVZlUPHU DQJH]RJHQ KDWWH EHJDQQ DXIV QHXH ]X VSUHFKHQ 6HLQH
JHVFKXOWH6WLPPHNODQJNODUEHZHJOLFKXQGIURPPEHUGDVRIIHQH
*UDEXQGGLHJHEHXJWHQRGHUZHKPWLJ]XU6HLWHJHOHJWHQ.|SIHGHU
DQZHVHQGHQ +HUUHQ KLQ LQ GLH NKOH XQG VWLOOH +HUEVWOXIW KLQHLQ
6FKOLH‰OLFKEHXJWHHUVLFKEHUGLH*UXIWUHGHWHGLH7RWHPLWLKUHP
YROOVWlQGLJHQ 1DPHQ DQ XQG VHJQHWH VLH PLW GHP =HLFKHQ GHV
.UHX]HV $OV HU YHUVWXPPWH XQG DOOH +HUUHQ PLW LKUHQ VFKZDU]
EHNOHLGHWHQ+lQGHQGHQ=\OLQGHUYRUGDV*HVLFKWKLHOWHQXPVWLOO]X
EHWHQ NDP HLQ ZHQLJ 6RQQH KHUYRU (VUHJQHWH QLFKW PHKU XQG LQ
GDV *HUlXVFK GHU 7URSIHQ GLH YHUHLQ]HOW YRQ %lXPHQ XQG
6WUlXFKHUQILHOHQNODQJKLHXQGGDHLQNXU]HVIHLQHVXQGIUDJHQGHV
9RJHO]ZLWVFKHUQKLQHLQ
8QG GDQQ PDFKWH VLFK HLQ MHGHU GDUDQ GHQ 6|KQHQ XQG GHP
%UXGHUGHU7RWHQQRFKHLQPDOGLH+DQG]XGUFNHQ
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN GHQ GLFNHQ XQG GXQNOHQ 6WRII VHLQHV
hEHU]LHKHUV PLW IHLQHQ VLOEHUQHQ 5HJHQWURSIHQ EHWDXW VWDQG
]ZLVFKHQ VHLQHP %UXGHU &KULVWLDQ XQG VHLQHP 2QNHO -XVWXV EHL
GLHVHP'HILOHH(UEHJDQQLQOHW]WHU=HLWHLQZHQLJVWDUN]XZHUGHQ


GDV HLQ]LJH $Q]HLFKHQ GHV $OWHUQV DQ VHLQHP VRUJIlOWLJ JHSIOHJWHQ
bX‰HUHQ6HLQH:DQJHQEHUGLHGHUVSLW]DXVJH]RJHQH6FKQXUUEDUW
KLQDXVUDJWH UXQGHWHQ VLFK DEHU VLH ZDUHQ ZHL‰OLFK EOHLFK RKQH
%OXWXQG/HEHQ6HLQHOHLFKWJHU|WHWHQ$XJHQEOLFNWHQMHGHP+HUUQ
GHVVHQ+DQGHUZlKUHQGHLQHV $XJHQEOLFNV LQ GHU VHLQHQ KLHOW PLW
HLQHUPDWWHQ+|IOLFKNHLWLQV*HVLFKW

9LHUWHV.DSLWHO

$FKW 7DJH VSlWHU VD‰ LQ 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRNV 3ULYDWNRQWRU DXI


GHP /HGHUVHVVHO ]XU 6HLWH GHV 6FKUHLEWLVFKHV HLQ NOHLQHU
JODWWUDVLHUWHU *UHLV PLW WLHI LQ 6WLUQ XQG 6FKOlIHQ JHVWULFKHQHP
VFKORKZHL‰HP+DDU,QJHEFNWHU+DOWXQJVWW]WHHUVLFKPLWEHLGHQ
+lQGHQ DXI GLH ZHL‰H .UFNH VHLQHV 6WRFNHV OLH‰ GDV VSLW]
KHUYRUVSULQJHQGH.LQQDXIGHQ+lQGHQUXKHQXQGKLHOWPLWE|VDUWLJ
]XVDPPHQJHSUH‰WHQ /LSSHQ XQG DEZlUWV JH]RJHQHQ 0XQGZLQNHOQ
YRQ XQWHQ KHUDXI HLQHQ VR DEVFKHXOLFKHQ XQG GXUFKGULQJHQG
WFNLVFKHQ %OLFN DXI GHQ 6HQDWRU JHULFKWHW GD‰ HV XQEHJUHLIOLFK
HUVFKLHQ ZDUXP GLHVHU GLH *HPHLQVFKDIW PLW HLQHP VROFKHQ
0HQVFKHQ QLFKW OLHEHU PLHG $EHU 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN VD‰ RKQH
PHUNOLFKH 8QUXKH ]XUFNJHOHKQW XQG VSUDFK ]X GLHVHU KlPLVFKHQ
XQG GlPRQLVFKHQ (UVFKHLQXQJ ZLH ]X HLQHP KDUPORVHQ %UJHU«
=ZLVFKHQ GHP &KHI GHU )LUPD -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN XQG GHP
0DNOHU 6LJLVPXQG *|VFK ZDUG EHU GLH .DXIVXPPH IU GDV DOWH
+DXVLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HEHUDWVFKODJW
'DV QDKP HLQH ODQJH =HLW LQ $QVSUXFK GHQQ GDV $QJHERW YRQ
DFKWXQG]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQG 7DOHUQ .XUDQW GDV +HUU *|VFK JHPDFKW
KDWWH VFKLHQ GHP 6HQDWRU ]X QLHGULJ ZlKUHQG GHU 0DNOHU VLFK ]XU
+|OOHYHUVFKZXUZHQQGLHVHU6XPPHDXFKQXUHLQHQ6LOEHUJURVFKHQ
KLQ]X]XIJHQ QLFKW HLQH 7DW GHV :DKQZLW]HV ZlUH 7KRPDV
%XGGHQEURRN VSUDFK YRQ GHU ]HQWUDOHQ /DJH XQG GHP
XQJHZ|KQOLFKHQ8PIDQJHGHV*UXQGVWFNHVDEHU+HUU*|VFKKLHOW
PLW]LVFKHQGHUJHSUH‰WHUXQGYHUELVVHQHU6WLPPHYHU]HUUWHQ/LSSHQ
XQG JUDXHQHUUHJHQGHQ *HVWHQ HLQHQ 9RUWUDJ EHU GDV HUGUFNHQGH


5LVLNRGDVHUEHUQlKPHHLQH([SOLNDWLRQGLHLQLKUHUOHEHQVYROOHQ
(LQGULQJOLFKNHLWEHLQDKHHLQ*HGLFKW]XQHQQHQZDU«+D:DQQDQ
ZHQ IU ZLHYLHO HU GLHVHV +DXV ZRKO ZLHGHU ZUGH DEVHW]HQ
N|QQHQ" :LH RIW LP 5ROOHQ GHU -DKUKXQGHUWH GHQQ HLQH 1DFKIUDJH
QDFKHLQHPVROFKHQ*UXQGVWFNODXWZUGH"2EVHLQ KRFKYHUHKUWHU
)UHXQG XQG *|QQHU LKP HWZD YHUVSUHFKHQ N|QQH GD‰ PRUJHQ PLW
GHP =XJH YRQ %XFKHQ HLQ 1DERE DXV ,QGLHQ HLQWUHIIHQ ZHUGH XP
VLFK LP %XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ +DXVH HLQ]XULFKWHQ" (U  6LJLVPXQG
*|VFKZHUGHGDPLWVLW]HQEOHLEHQ«GDPLWVLW]HQEOHLEHQZHUGHHU
XQGGDQQVHLHUHLQJHVFKODJHQHUHLQHQGJOWLJYHUQLFKWHWHU0HQVFK
GHU QLFKW PHKU GLH =HLW KDEHQ ZHUGH VLFK ]X HUKHEHQ GHQQ VHLQH
8KU VHL DEJHODXIHQ VHLQ *UDE VHL JHVFKDXIHOW JHVFKDXIHOW VHL HV«
8QG GD GLHVH :HQGXQJ LKQ IHVVHOWH VR IJWH HU QRFK HWZDV YRQ
VFKORWWHUQGHQ /HPXUHQ XQG GXPSI DXI GHQ 6DUJGHFNHO IDOOHQGHQ
(UGVFKROOHQKLQ]X
'HQQRFKJDEGHU6HQDWRUVLFKQLFKW]XIULHGHQ(UVSUDFKEHUGLH
YRUWUHIIOLFKH 7HLOEDUNHLW GHV *UXQGVWFNHV EHWRQWH GLH
9HUDQWZRUWXQJ GLH HU VHLQHQ *HVFKZLVWHUQ JHJHQEHU WUDJH XQG
EHKDUUWHEHLGHP3UHLVHYRQGUHL‰LJWDXVHQG7DOHUQ.XUDQWXPGDQQ
DXIVQHXHPLWHLQHP*HPLVFKYRQ1HUYRVLWlWXQG:RKOJHIDOOHQHLQH
ZRKOSRULWLHUWH(QWJHJQXQJGHV+HUUQ*|VFKDQ]XK|UHQ'DVGDXHUWH
ZRKO]ZHL6WXQGHQODQJLQGHUHQ9HUODXIH+HUU*|VFK*HOHJHQKHLW
KDWWH DOOH 5HJLVWHU VHLQHU &KDUDNWHUNXQVW ]X ]LHKHQ (U VSLHOWH
JOHLFKVDP HLQ GRSSHOWHV 6SLHO HU VSLHOWH HLQHQ KHXFKHOQGHQ
%|VHZLFKW ª6FKODJHQ 6LH HLQ +HUU 6HQDWRU PHLQ MXJHQGOLFKHU
*|QQHU«9LHUXQGDFKW]LJWDXVHQG.XUDQWPDUN«HVLVWGDV$QJHERW
HLQHVDOWHQHKUOLFKHQ0DQQHV©VDJWHHUPLWV‰HU6WLPPHLQGHPHU
GHQ .RSI DXI GLH 6HLWH OHJWH VHLQ YRQ *ULPDVVHQ YHUZVWHWHV
*HVLFKW]XHLQHP/lFKHOQGHUWUHXKHU]LJHQ(LQIDOWYHU]RJXQGVHLQH
+DQG HLQH JUR‰H ZHL‰H +DQG PLW ODQJHQ XQG ]LWWHUQGHQ )LQJHUQ
YRQVLFKVWUHFNWH$EHUGDVZDU/JHXQG9HUUlWHUHL(LQ.LQGKlWWH
GLHVHKHXFKOHULVFKH0DVNHGXUFKVFKDXHQPVVHQXQWHUZHOFKHUGLH
WLHILQQHUH 6FKXUNHQKDIWLJNHLW GLHVHV 0HQVFKHQ JUl‰OLFK
KHUYRUJULQVWH«
(QGOLFK HUNOlUWH 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN GD‰ HU VLFK HLQH
%HGHQN]HLW HUELWWHQ XQG MHGHQIDOOV PLW VHLQHQ *HVFKZLVWHUQ
5FNVSUDFKH QHKPHQ PVVH EHYRU HU GLH DFKWXQG]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQG


7DOHU DN]HSWLHUH ZDV ZRKO NDXP MHPDOV JHVFKHKHQ N|QQH (U
EUDFKWH YRUGHUKDQG GDV *HVSUlFK DXI HLQ QHXWUDOHV *HELHW
HUNXQGLJWHVLFKQDFKGHQJHVFKlIWOLFKHQ(UIROJHQGHV+HUUQ*|VFK
QDFKVHLQHPSHUV|QOLFKHQ:RKOHUJHKHQ«
+HUUQ *|VFK JLQJ HV VFKOHFKW PLW HLQHU VFK|QHQ XQG JUR‰HQ
$UPEHZHJXQJ ZLHV HU GLH $QQDKPH ]XUFN HU N|QQH ]X GHQ
*OFNOLFKHQ JHK|UHQ 'DV EHVFKZHUOLFKH *UHLVHQDOWHU QDKWH KHUDQ
HV ZDU GD ZLH JHVDJW VHLQH *UXEH ZDU JHVFKDXIHOW (U NRQQWH
DEHQGV NDXP QRFK VHLQ *ODV *URJ ]XP 0XQGH IXKUHQ RKQH GLH
+lOIWH]XYHUVFKWWHQVRPDFKWHGHU7HXIHOVHLQHQ$UP]LWWHUQ'D
QXW]WH NHLQ )OXFKHQ« 'HU :LOOH WULXPSKLHUWH QLFKW PHKU«
,PPHUKLQ (U KDWWH HLQ /HEHQ KLQWHU VLFK HLQ QLFKW JDQ] DUPHV
/HEHQ 0LW ZDFKHQ $XJHQ KDWWH HU LQ GLH :HOW JHVHKHQ
5HYROXWLRQHQ XQG .ULHJH ZDUHQ YRUEHUJHEUDXVW XQG LKUH :RJHQ
ZDUHQDXFKGXUFKVHLQ+HU]JHJDQJHQ«VR]XVDJHQ+DYHUGDPPW
GDVZDUHQDQGHUH=HLWHQJHZHVHQDOVHUZlKUHQGMHQHUKLVWRULVFKHQ
%UJHUVFKDIWVVLW]XQJ DQ GHU 6HLWH YRQ GHV 6HQDWRUV 9DWHU QHEHQ
.RQVXO -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN GHP $QVWXUP GHV ZWHQGHQ 3|EHOV
JHWURW]WKDWWH'HUVFKUHFNOLFKVWHGHU6FKUHFNHQ«1HLQVHLQ/HEHQ
ZDUQLFKWDUPJHZHVHQDXFKLQQHUOLFKQLFKWVRJDQ]9HUGDPPWHU
KDWWH .UlIWH YHUVSUW XQG ZLH GLH .UDIW VR GDV ,GHDO  VDJW
)HXHUEDFK8QGDXFKMHW]WQRFKDXFKMHW]W«VHLQH6HHOHZDUQLFKW
YHUDUPWVHLQ+HU]ZDUMXQJJHEOLHEHQHVKDWWHQLHDXIJHK|UWZUGH
QLHDXIK|UHQJUDQGLRVHU(UOHEQLVVHIlKLJ]XVHLQVHLQH,GHDOHZDUP
XQGWUHX]XXPVFKOLH‰HQ(UZXUGHVLHPLWLQV*UDEQHKPHQJHZL‰
$EHU ZDUHQ ,GHDOH GD]X GD HUUHLFKW XQG YHUZLUNOLFKW ]X ZHUGHQ"
.HLQHVZHJV'LH6WHUQHGLHEHJHKUWPDQQLFKWDEHUGLH+RIIQXQJ«
RK GLH +RIIQXQJ QLFKW GLH (UIOOXQJ GLH +RIIQXQJ ZDUGDV %HVWH
LP /HEHQ /¶HVSHUDQFH WRXWH WURPSHXVH TX¶HOOH HVW VHUW DX PRPV i
QRXVPHQHUiODILQGHODYLHSDUXQFKHPLQDJUHDEOH'DVKDWWH/D
5RFKHIRXFDXOG JHVDJW XQG HV ZDU VFKRQ QLFKW ZDKU"« -D VHLQ
KRFKYHUHKUWHU )UHXQG XQG *|QQHU EUDXFKWH GHUJOHLFKHQ QLFKW ]X
ZLVVHQ:HQGLH:RJHQGHVUHDOHQ/HEHQVKRFKDXILKUH6FKXOWHUQ
JHQRPPHQKDWWHQGD‰GDV*OFNVHLQH6WLUQXPVSLHOWHGHUEUDXFKWH
VROFKH'LQJHQLFKWLP.RSIH]XKDEHQ$EHUZHUHLQVDPWLHIXQWHQ
LP 'XQNHO WUlXPWH GHU KDWWH GHUJOHLFKHQ Q|WLJ« ª6LH VLQG
JOFNOLFK©VDJWHHUSO|W]OLFKLQGHPHUHLQH+DQGDXIGHV6HQDWRUV


.QLHOHJWHXQGPLWVFKZLPPHQGHP%OLFN]XLKPHPSRUVDKª«2
GRFK 9HUVQGLJHQ 6LH VLFKQLFKWLQGHP 6LH GDV OHXJQHQ 6LH VLQG
JOFNOLFK6LHKDOWHQGDV*OFNLQGHQ$UPHQ6LHVLQGDXVJH]RJHQ
XQG KDEHQ HV VLFK PLW VWDUNHP $UP HUREHUW« PLW VWDUNHU +DQG©
YHUEHVVHUWHHUVLFKZHLOHUGLH]XVFKQHOOH:LHGHUKROXQJGHV:RUWHV
ª$UP© QLFKW HUWUDJHQ NRQQWH 'DQQ YHUVWXPPWH HU XQG RKQH HLQ
:RUW YRQ GHV 6HQDWRUV DEZHKUHQGHU XQG UHVLJQLHUWHU $QWZRUW ]X
YHUQHKPHQ IXKU HU IRUW LKP PLW HLQHU GXQNOHQ 7UlXPHUHL LQV
*HVLFKW ]X EOLFNHQ 3O|W]OLFK ULFKWHWH HU VLFK DXI ª$EHU ZLU
SODXGHUQ© VDJWH HU ªXQG GRFK VLQG ZLU LQ *HVFKlIWHQ
]XVDPPHQJHNRPPHQ 'LH =HLW LVW NRVWEDU ± YHUOLHUHQ ZLU VLH QLFKW
PLW %HGHQNHQ +|UHQ 6LH PLFK DQ« :HLO 6LH HV VLQG« YHUVWHKHQ
6LHPLFK":HLO«©(VVDK DXV DOV ZROOWH +HUU *|VFK DXIV QHXHLQ
HLQ VFK|QHV 6LQQHQ YHUVLQNHQ DEHU HU UDIIWH VLFK DXI XQG ULHI PLW
HLQHU ZHLWHQ VFKZXQJYROOHQ XQG HQWKXVLDVWLVFKHQ *HVWH
ª1HXQXQG]ZDQ]LJWDXVHQG 7DOHU« 6LHEHQXQGDFKW]LJWDXVHQG 0DUN
.XUDQWIUGDV+DXV,KUHU0XWWHU7RSS"«©
8QG6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRNVFKOXJHLQ
)UDX3HUPDQHGHUIDQGZLH]XHUZDUWHQVWDQGGHQ.DXISUHLV]XP
/DFKHQJHULQJ:UGHMHPDQGLQ$QEHWUDFKWGHU(ULQQHUXQJHQGLH
VLFKIUVLHGDUDQNQSIWHQHLQH0LOOLRQIUGDV+DXVDXIGHQ7LVFK
JH]lKOW KDEHQ VLH KlWWH GLHV DOV HLQH DQVWlQGLJH +DQGOXQJVZHLVH
HPSIXQGHQZHLWHUQLFKWV,QGHVVHQJHZRKQWHVLHVLFKUDVFKDQGLH
=DKOGLHLKU%UXGHULKUJHQDQQWKDWWHEHVRQGHUVGDLKU'HQNHQXQG
7UDFKWHQYRQ=XNXQIWVSOlQHQLQ$QVSUXFKJHQRPPHQZDU
6LH IUHXWH VLFK YRQ +HU]HQ EHU GLH YLHOHQ JXWHQ 0|EHO GLH LKU
]XJHIDOOHQZDUHQXQGREJOHLFKIUVHUVWHQLHPDQGGDUDQGDFKWHVLH
DXV LKUHP (OWHUQKDXVH ]X YHUMDJHQ EHWULHE VLH GDV $XIILQGHQ XQG
0LHWHQ HLQHU QHXHQ :RKQXQJ IU VLFK XQG GLH ,KUHQ PLW YLHOHP
(LIHU'HU$EVFKLHGZUGHVFKZHUVHLQ«JHZL‰GHU*HGDQNHGDUDQ
WULHE LKU GLH 7UlQHQ LQ GLH $XJHQ $EHU DQGHUHUVHLWV KDWWH GLH
$XVVLFKWDXI1HXHUXQJXQG9HUlQGHUXQJGRFKLKUHQ5HL]«:DUHV
QLFKWIDVWZLHHLQHQHXHHLQHYLHUWH(WDEOLHUXQJ":LHGHUEHVLFKWLJWH
VLH:RKQUlXPHZLHGHUQDKPVLH 5FNVSUDFKH PLW GHP 7DSH]LHUHU
-DFREV ZLHGHU XQWHUKDQGHOWH VLH LQ GHQ /lGHQ EHU 3RUWLHUHQ XQG
/lXIHUVWRIIH« ,KU +HU] SRFKWH ZDKUKDIWLJ GDV +HU] GLHVHU DOWHQ
YRP/HEHQJHVWlKOWHQ)UDXVFKOXJK|KHU


6R YHUJLQJHQ :RFKHQ YLHU IQI XQG VHFKV :RFKHQ 'HU HUVWH
6FKQHH NDP GHU :LQWHU ZDU GD GLH gIHQ SUDVVHOWHQ XQG
%XGGHQEURRNV EHUOHJWHQ WUDXULJ ZLH GLHVPDO GDV :HLKQDFKWVIHVW
YHUJHKHQZHUGH«'DSO|W]OLFKJHVFKDKHWZDVHWZDV'UDPDWLVFKHV
HWZDV EHU DOOH 0D‰HQ hEHUUDVFKHQGHV GHU /DXI GHU 'LQJH QDKP
HLQH :HQGXQJ GLH GDV DOOJHPHLQVWH ,QWHUHVVH YHUGLHQWH XQG DXFK
HUKLHOW HLQ (UHLJQLV WUDW HLQ« HV VFKOXJ HLQ HV PDFKWH GD‰ )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU LQPLWWHQ LKUHU *HVFKlIWH VWLOOHVWDQG XQG HUVWDUUWH
ª7KRPDV© VDJWH VLH ªELQ LFK YHUUFNW" 3KDQWDVLHUW YLHOOHLFKW
*|VFK"(VNDQQQLFKWP|JOLFKVHLQ(VLVW]XDEVXUG]XXQGHQNEDU
]X«© 6LH YHUVWXPPWH XQG KLHOW LKUH 6FKOlIHQ PLW EHLGHQ +lQGHQ
HUID‰W$EHUGHU6HQDWRU]XFNWHGLH$FKVHOQª/LHEHV.LQGQRFKLVW
QLFKWV HQWVFKLHGHQ DEHU GHU *HGDQNH GLH 0|JOLFKNHLW LVW
DXIJHWDXFKWXQGEHLHLQLJHUUXKLJHUhEHUOHJXQJZLUVWGXILQGHQGD‰
DQGHU6DFKHJDUQLFKWV8QGHQNEDUHVLVW(LQEL‰FKHQIUDSSLHUHQGLVW
HVJHZL‰,FKWUDWDXFKHLQHQ6FKULWW]XUFNDOV*|VFKHVPLUVDJWH
$EHUXQGHQNEDU":DVVWHKWGHQQLP:HJH"«©
ª,FK EHUOHEH HV QLFKW© VDJWH VLH VHW]WH VLFK LQ HLQHQ 6WXKO XQG
EOLHEUHJXQJVORV
:DVJLQJYRU"6FKRQKDWWHVLFKHLQ.lXIHUIUGDV+DXVJHIXQGHQ
RGHU GRFK HLQH 3HUVRQ GLH ,QWHUHVVH IU GHQ )DOO DQ GHQ 7DJ OHJWH
XQGEHUHLWVGHP:XQVFKH$XVGUXFNJHJHEHQKDWWHGDVIHLOVWHKHQGH
%HVLW]WXP EHKXIV ZHLWHUHU 8QWHUKDQGOXQJHQ HLQPDO JUQGOLFK LQ
$XJHQVFKHLQ ]X QHKPHQ 8QG GLHVH 3HUVRQ ZDU +HUU +HUPDQQ
+DJHQVWU|P*UR‰KlQGOHUXQG.|QLJOLFK3RUWXJLHVLVFKHU.RQVXO
$OV GDV HUVWH *HUFKW )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU HUUHLFKW KDWWH ZDU VLH
JHOlKPW JHZHVHQ YHUEOIIW YRU GHQ .RSI JHVFKODJHQ XQJOlXELJ
XQIlKLJGHQ*HGDQNHQLQVHLQHU7LHIH]XHUIDVVHQ1XQDEHUGDGLH
)UDJHPHKUXQGPHKUDQ)RUPXQG*HVWDOWJHZDQQGDGHU%HVXFK
.RQVXO+DJHQVWU|PVLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HJDQ]HLQIDFKVFKRQYRUGHU
7UHVWDQGQXQUDIIWHVLHVLFK]XVDPPHQXQGHVNDP/HEHQLQVLH
6LHSURWHVWLHUWHQLFKWVLHElXPWHVLFKDXI6LHIDQG:RUWHJOKHQGH
XQGVFKDUIVFKQHLGLJH:RUWHXQGVLHVFKZDQJVLHZLH%UDQGIDFNHOQ
XQG .ULHJVEHLOH ª'LHV JHVFKLHKW QLFKW 7KRPDV 6RODQJH LFK OHEH
JHVFKLHKWGLHVQLFKW:HQQPDQVHLQHQ+XQGYHUNDXIWVRVLHKWPDQ
GDQDFKZDVIUHLQHQ+HUUQHUEHNRPPW8QG0XWWHUV+DXV8QVHU
+DXV'DV/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU«©


ª$EHULFKIUDJHGLFKMDZDVGHQQHLJHQWOLFKLP:HJHVWHKW"©
ª:DV LP :HJH VWHKW" *UXQGJWLJHU *RWW ZDV LP :HJH VWHKW
%HUJH VROOWHQ LKP LP :HJH VWHKHQ GLHVHP GLFNHQ 0HQVFKHQ
7KRPDV %HUJH $EHU HU VLHKW VLH QLFKW (U NPPHUW VLFK QLFKW
GDUXP (U KDW NHLQ *HIKO GDIU ,VW HU GHQQ HLQ 9LHK"« 6HLW
8U]HLWHQ VLQG +DJHQVWU|PV XQVHUH :LGHUVDFKHU« 'HU DOWH +LQULFK
KDW *UR‰YDWHU XQG 9DWHU VFKLNDQLHUW XQG ZHQQ +HUPDQQ GLU QRFK
QLFKWV (UQVWOLFKHV KDW DQWXQ N|QQHQ ZHQQ HU GLU QRFK NHLQHQ
.QSSHO]ZLVFKHQGLH%HLQHJHZRUIHQKDWVRJHVFKDKHVZHLOVLFK
LKPQRFKNHLQH*HOHJHQKHLWGD]XERW«$OVZLU.LQGHUZDUHQKDEH
LFKLKQDXIRIIHQHU6WUD‰HJHRKUIHLJWZR]XLFKPHLQH*UQGHKDWWH
XQG VHLQH KROGVHOLJH 6FKZHVWHU -XOFKHQ KDW PLFK GDIU EHLQDKH
]XVFKDQGHQ JHNUDW]W 'DV VLQG .LQGHUHLHQ« JXW $EHU VLH KDEHQ
YROO +RKQ XQG )UHXGH ]XJHVHKHQ ZHQQ ZLU 8QJOFN KDWWHQ XQG
PHLVWHQV ZDU LFK GLHMHQLJH GLH LKQHQ GLHVHV 9HUJQJHQ
YHUVFKDIIWH« *RWW KDW HV VR JHZROOW« $EHU LQZLHIHUQ GHU .RQVXO
GLUJHVFKlIWOLFKJHVFKDGHWXQGPLWZHOFKHU8QYHUVFKlPWKHLWHUGLFK
EHUIOJHOWKDWGDVPX‰WGXVHOEVWDPEHVWHQZLVVHQ7RPGDUEHU
NDQQLFKGLFKQLFKWEHOHKUHQ8QGDOV]XJXWHU/HW]WQRFK(ULNDHLQH
JXWH+HLUDWPDFKWHGDKDWHVVLHJHZXUPWVRODQJHELVVLHHVIHUWLJ
JHEUDFKW KDWWHQ GHQ 'LUHNWRU DXV GHU :HOW ]X VFKDIIHQ XQG
HLQ]XVSHUUHQ GXUFK GLH +DQG LKUHV %UXGHUV GLHVHV .DWHUV GLHVHV
6DWDQVYRQ6WDDWVDQZDOW«8QGQXQZROOHQVLHVLFKHUIUHFKHQ«VLH
HQWEO|GHQVLFKQLFKW«©
ª+|UH7RQ\HUVWHQVKDEHQZLULQGHU6DFKHMDHUQVWOLFKJDUQLFKW
PHKUPLW]XUHGHQGHQQZLUKDEHQPLW*|VFKDEJHVFKORVVHQXQGHV
LVWQXQDQLKPGDV*HVFKlIW]XPDFKHQPLWZHPHUZLOO,FKJHEH
GLUMD]XGD‰HLQHJHZLVVH,URQLHGHV6FKLFNVDOVGDULQOlJH«©
ª,URQLH GHV 6FKLFNVDOV" -D 7RP GDV LVW QXQ GHLQH $UW GLFK
DXV]XGUFNHQ ,FK DEHU QHQQH HV HLQH 6FKPDFK HLQHQ )DXVWVFKODJ
PLWWHQLQV*HVLFKWXQGGDVZlUHHV«%HGHQNVWGXGHQQQLFKWZDV
HVEHGHXWHW"6REHGHQNHGRFKZDVHVEHGHXWHQZUGH7KRPDV(V
ZUGH EHGHXWHQ %XGGHQEURRNV VLQG IHUWLJ VLH VLQG HQGJOWLJ
DEJHWDQ VLH ]LHKHQ DE XQG +DJHQVWU|PV UFNHQ PLW .OLQJ XQG
.ODQJ DQ LKUH 6WHOOH« 1LH 7KRPDV QLHPDOV ZLUNH LFK PLW EHL
GLHVHP 6FKDXVSLHO 1LHPDOV ELHWH LFK GLH +DQG ]X GLHVHU
1LHGHUWUlFKWLJNHLW 0DJ HU QXU NRPPHQ OD‰ LKQ QXU VLFK


XQWHUVWHKHQ KLHUKHU]XNRPPHQ XP GDV +DXV ]X EHVLFKWLJHQ ,FK
HPSIDQJH LKQ QLFKW GDV JODXEH PLU ,FK VHW]H PLFK PLW PHLQHU
7RFKWHUXQGPHLQHU(QNHOLQLQHLQ=LPPHUXQGGUHKHGHQ6FKOVVHO
XPXQGYHUZHKUHLKPGHQ(LQWULWWGDVWXHLFK«©
ª'XZLUVWGDVPDFKHQZLHGXHVIUNOXJKlOWVWPHLQH/LHEHXQG
YRUKHU EHUOHJHQ RE HV QLFKW UDWVDP VHLQ ZLUG GHQ
JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ $QVWDQG DXIPHUNVDP ]X ZDKUHQ 9HUPXWOLFK
JODXEVWGXGD‰.RQVXO+DJHQVWU|PVLFKGXUFKGHP%HQHKPHQWLHI
JHWURIIHQ IKOHQ ZUGH" 1HLQ ZHLW JHIHKOW PHLQ .LQG (U ZUGH
VLFKZHGHUHUIUHXHQQRFKHUERVHQGDUEHUVRQGHUQHUZUGHHUVWDXQW
VHLQNKOXQGJOHLFKJOWLJHUVWDXQW«'LH6DFKHLVWGLHGD‰GXEHL
LKP GLHVHOEHQ *HIKOH JHJHQ GLFK XQG XQV YRUDXVVHW]HVW GLH GX
JHJHQ LKQ KHJVW ,UUWXP 7RQ\ (U KD‰W GLFK MD JDU QLFKW :DUXP
VROOWH HU GLFK KDVVHQ" (U KD‰W NHLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ (U VLW]W LQ (UIROJ
XQG *OFN XQGLVW YROO +HLWHUNHLW XQG :RKOZROOHQ JODXEH PLU GDV
HLQH,FKKDEHGLUVFKRQPHKUDOV]HKQPDOYHUVLFKHUWGD‰HUGLFKDXI
GHU 6WUD‰H LQ GHU OLHEHQVZUGLJVWHQ :HLVH JU‰HQ ZUGH ZHQQ GX
GLFK EHUZLQGHQ N|QQWHVW HLQPDO QLFKW JDU ]X NULHJHULVFK XQG
KRFKPWLJ LQ GLH /XIW ]X EOLFNHQ (U ZXQGHUW VLFK GDUEHU ]ZHL
0LQXWHQ ODQJ HPSILQGHW HU HLQ UXKHYROOHV XQG HWZDV PRNDQWHV
(UVWDXQHQXQIlKLJHLQHQ0DQQGHPQLHPDQGHWZDVDQKDEHQNDQQ
DXVGHP*OHLFKJHZLFKW]XEULQJHQ«:DVZLUIVWGXLKPYRU":HQQ
HU PLFK JHVFKlIWOLFK ZHLW EHUIOJHOW KDW XQG PLU KLH XQG GD PLW
(UIROJ LQ |IIHQWOLFKHQ $QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ HQWJHJHQWULWW ± VFK|Q XQG
JXWVRPX‰HUGHQQZRKOHLQWFKWLJHUHU.DXIPDQQXQGHLQEHVVHUHU
3ROLWLNHUVHLQDOVLFK'XUFKDXVNHLQ*UXQGVRVRQGHUEDUZWHQG]X
ODFKHQZLHGXGDWXVW8PDEHUDXIGDV+DXV]XUFN]XNRPPHQVR
KDWMDGDVDOWHOlQJVWNDXPQRFKHLQHWDWVlFKOLFKH%HGHXWXQJIUGLH
)DPLOLH VRQGHUQ GLH LVW DOOPlKOLFK JDQ] DXI GDV PHLQH
EHUJHJDQJHQ« LFK VDJH GDV XP GLFK IU MHGHQ )DOO ]X WU|VWHQ
$QGHUHUVHLWV LVW HV MD NODU ZRGXUFK .RQVXO +DJHQVWU|P DXI
.DXIJHGDQNHQ JHEUDFKW ZRUGHQ LVW 'LH /HXWH VLQG
HPSRUJHNRPPHQ LKUH )DPLOLH ZlFKVW VLH VLQG PLW 0|OOHQGRUSIV
YHUVFKZlJHUWXQGDQ*HOGXQG$QVHKHQGHQ(UVWHQJOHLFK$EHUHV
IHKOW LKQHQ HWZDV HWZDV bX‰HUOLFKHV ZRUDXI VLH ELVODQJ PLW
hEHUOHJHQKHLW XQG 9RUXUWHLOVORVLJNHLW YHU]LFKWHW KDEHQ« 'LH
KLVWRULVFKH :HLKH VR]XVDJHQ GDV /HJLWLPH« 6LH VFKHLQHQ MHW]W


$SSHWLWGDQDFKEHNRPPHQ]XKDEHQXQGVLHYHUVFKDIIHQVLFKHWZDV
GDYRQLQGHPVLHHLQ+DXVEH]LHKHQZLHGLHVHVKLHU«3D‰DXIGHU
.RQVXO ZLUG KLHU DOOHV P|JOLFKVW NRQVHUYLHUHQ HU ZLUG QLFKWV
XPEDXHQ HU ZLUG DXFK GDV ¾'RPLQXV SURYLGHELW½ EHU GHU +DXVWU
VWHKHQODVVHQREJOHLFKPDQELOOLJVHLQXQGLKP]XJHVWHKHQPX‰GD‰
QLFKW GHU +HUU VRQGHUQ HU JDQ] DOOHLQ GHU )LUPD ¾6WUXQFN
+DJHQVWU|P½ ]X HLQHP VR HUIUHXOLFKHQ $XIVFKZXQJ YHUKROIHQ
KDW«©
ª%UDYR7RP $FKZLHGDV ZRKOWXW HLQPDO YRQ GLUHLQH %RVKHLW
EHU LKQ ]X K|UHQ 'DV LVW MD HLJHQWOLFK DOOHV ZDV LFK ZLOO 0HLQ
*RWW KlWWH LFK GHLQHQ .RSI ZLH ZROOWH LFK LKP ]XVHW]HQ $EHU GD
VWHKVWGXQXQ«©
ª'XVLHKVWMDGD‰PHLQ.RSIPLUWDWVlFKOLFKZHQLJQW]W©
ª$EHUGDVWHKVWGXQXQVDJHLFKXQGVSULFKVWEHUGLH6DFKHPLW
GLHVHU XQID‰OLFKHQ *HODVVHQKHLW XQG HUNOlUVW PLU +DJHQVWU|PV
+DQGOXQJVZHLVH« $FK UHGH ZLH GX ZLOOVW GX KDVW HLQ +HU] LP
/HLEH VR JXW ZLH LFK XQG LFK JODXEH HLQIDFK QLFKW GD‰ HV GLFK
LQQHUOLFK VR UXKLJ Ol‰W ZLH GX WXVW 'X DQWZRUWHVW PLU DXI PHLQH
.ODJHQ«YLHOOHLFKWZLOOVWGXGLFKVHOEVWQXUWU|VWHQ«©
ª-HW]WZLUVWGXYRUODXW7RQ\:LHLFK¾WXH½GDVJLOWELWWHLFKPLU
DXV$OOHVEULJHJHKWQLHPDQGHQHWZDVDQ©
ª6DJH QXU GDV HLQH 7RP LFK IOHKH GLFK DQ :lUH HV QLFKW HLQ
)LHEHUWUDXP"©
ª9ROONRPPHQ©
ª(LQ$OSGUFNHQ"©
ª:DUXPQLFKW©
ª(LQH.DW]HQNRP|GLH]XP+HXOHQ"©
ª*HQXJ*HQXJ©±
8QG .RQVXO +DJHQVWU|P HUVFKLHQ LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H HU HUVFKLHQ
]XVDPPHQ PLW +HUUQ *|VFK GHU VHLQHQ -HVXLWHQKXW LQ GHU +DQG
JHEFNW XQG YHUUlWHULVFK XP VLFK EOLFNHQG DQ GHP )ROJPlGFKHQ
YRUEHL GDV GLH .DUWHQ EHUEUDFKW KDWWH XQG GLH *ODVWU RIIHQKLHOW
KLQWHUGHP.RQVXOLQV/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHUWUDW«
+HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|P LQ HLQHP IX‰ODQJHQ GLFNHQ XQG VFKZHUHQ
3HO]H GHU YRUQH RIIHQVWDQG XQG HLQHQ JUQJHOEHQ IDVHULJHQ XQG


GXUDEOHQHQJOLVFKHQ:LQWHUDQ]XJVHKHQOLH‰ZDUHLQHJUR‰VWlGWLVFKH
)LJXU HLQ LPSRVDQWHU %|UVHQW\SXV (U ZDU VR DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK IHWW
GD‰ QLFKW QXU VHLQ .LQQ VRQGHUQ VHLQ JDQ]HV 8QWHUJHVLFKW GRSSHOW
ZDUZDVGHUNXU]JHKDOWHQHEORQGH9ROOEDUWQLFKWYHUKOOWHMDGD‰
GLHJHVFKRUHQH+DXWVHLQHU6FKlGHOGHFNHEHLJHZLVVHQ%HZHJXQJHQ
GHU 6WLUQ XQG GHU $XJHQEUDXHQ GLFNH )DOWHQ ZDUI 6HLQH 1DVH ODJ
SODWWHU DOV MHPDOV DXI GHU 2EHUOLSSH XQG DWPHWH PKVDP LQ GHQ
6FKQXUUEDUW KLQHLQ GDQQ XQG ZDQQ DEHU PX‰WH GHU 0XQG LKU ]X
+LOIH NRPPHQ LQGHP HU VLFK ]X HLQHP HUJLHELJHQ $WHP]XJH
|IIQHWH8QGGDVZDUQRFKLPPHUPLWHLQHPJHOLQGHVFKPDW]HQGHQ
*HUlXVFKYHUEXQGHQKHUYRUJHUXIHQGXUFKHLQDOOPlKOLFKHV/RVO|VHQ
GHU=XQJHYRP2EHUNLHIHUXQGYRP6FKOXQGH
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU YHUIlUEWH VLFK DOV VLH GLHVHV DOWEHNDQQWH
*HUlXVFK YHUQDKP (LQH 9LVLRQ YRQ =LWURQHQVHPPHOQ PLW
7UIIHOZXUVWXQGYRQ6WUD‰EXUJHU*lQVHOHEHUSDVWHWHVXFKWHVLHKHLP
GDEHL XQG KlWWH EHLQDKH IU HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN GLH VWHLQHUQH :UGH
LKUHU +DOWXQJ HUVFKWWHUW« 'DV 7UDXHUKlXEFKHQ DXI GHP
JODWWJHVFKHLWHOWHQ +DDU LQ HLQHP YRUWUHIIOLFK VLW]HQGHQ VFKZDU]HQ
.OHLGGHVVHQ5RFNPLW9RODQWVELVREHQKLQDXIEHVHW]WZDUVD‰VLH
PLW JHNUHX]WHQ $UPHQ XQG HWZDV HPSRUJH]RJHQHQ 6FKXOWHUQ DXI
GHP 6RID XQG ULFKWHWH QRFK EHLP (LQWULWW GHU EHLGHQ +HUUHQ HLQH
JOHLFKJOWLJH XQG UXKHYROOH %HPHUNXQJ DQ LKUHQ %UXGHU GHQ
6HQDWRUGHUHVQLFKWKlWWHYHUDQWZRUWHQN|QQHQVLHLQGLHVHU6WXQGH
LP 6WLFKH ]X ODVVHQ« 6LH EOLHE DXFK QRFK VLW]HQ ZlKUHQG GHU
6HQDWRU GHU GHQ *lVWHQ ELV ]XU 0LWWH GHV =LPPHUV
HQWJHJHQJHVFKULWWHQZDUHLQHKHU]OLFKH%HJU‰XQJPLWGHP0DNOHU
*|VFK XQG HLQH NRUUHNW K|IOLFKH PLW GHP .RQVXO WDXVFKWH HUKRE
VLFKGDQQDXFKLKUHUVHLWVYROOIKUWHHLQHJHPHVVHQH9HUEHXJXQJYRU
EHLGHQ ]XJOHLFK XQG EHWHLOLJWH VLFK GDQQ RKQH MHGZHGHQ hEHUHLIHU
PLW:RUWXQG+DQGDQGHQ$XIIRUGHUXQJHQLKUHV%UXGHUVJHIlOOLJVW
3ODW] ]X QHKPHQ hEULJHQV KLHOW VLH KLHUEHL YRU XQEHUKUWHU
*OHLFKJOWLJNHLWLKUH$XJHQEHLQDKHJDQ]JHVFKORVVHQ
:lKUHQG PDQ VLFK VHW]WH XQG LP 9HUODXIH GHU HUVWHQ
GDUDXIIROJHQGHQ0LQXWHQVSUDFKHQDEZHFKVHOQGGHU.RQVXOXQGGHU
0DNOHU +HUU *|VFK EDW PLW DEVWR‰HQG IDOVFKHU 'HPXW KLQWHU GHU
DOOHQ VLFKWEDU GLH 7FNH ODXHUWH JWLJVW GLH 6W|UXQJ ]X
HQWVFKXOGLJHQ GRFK KHJH +HUU .RQVXO +DJHQVWU|P GHQ :XQVFK


HLQHQ5XQGJDQJGXUFKGLH5lXPOLFKNHLWHQGHV+DXVHV]XWXQGDHU
HYHQWXHOODOV.lXIHUGDUDXIUHIOHNWLHUH«8QGGDQQZLHGHUKROWH GHU
.RQVXOPLWHLQHU6WLPPHGLH)UDX3HUPDQHGHUZLHGHUXPDQEHOHJWH
=LWURQHQVHPPHOQ JHPDKQWH GDVVHOEH QRFK HLQPDO LQ DQGHUHQ
:RUWHQ-DLQGHU7DWGHU*HGDQNHVHLLKPJHNRPPHQXQGHUVHL
VFKQHOO]XP:XQVFKHJHZRUGHQGHQHUVLFKXQGGHQ6HLQHQHUIOOHQ
]X N|QQHQ KRIIH JHVHW]W GD‰ QLFKW +HUU *|VFK HLQ JDU ]X JXWHV
*HVFKlIW GDEHL ]X PDFKHQ EHDEVLFKWLJH KD KD« QXQ HU ]ZHLIOH
QLFKWGD‰VLFKGLH$QJHOHJHQKHLW]XUDOOVHLWLJHQ=XIULHGHQKHLWZHUGH
RUGQHQODVVHQ
6HLQ*HKDEHQZDUIUHLVRUJORVEHKDJOLFKXQGZHOWPlQQLVFKZDV
VHLQHQ(LQGUXFNDXI)UDX3HUPDQHGHU QLFKW YHUIHKOWH EHVRQGHUV GD
HUDXV&RXUWRLVLHVLFKPLWVHLQHQ:RUWHQIDVWLPPHUDQVLHZDQGWH
(U OLH‰ VLFK VRJDU GDUDXI HLQ VHLQHQ :XQVFK LQ EHLQDKH
HQWVFKXOGLJHQGHP 7RQ DXVIKUOLFK ]X EHJUQGHQ ª5DXP 0HKU
5DXP© VDJWH HU ª0HLQ +DXV LQ GHU 6DQGVWUD‰H« 6LH JODXEHQ HV
QLFKWJQlGLJH)UDXXQG6LH+HUU6HQDWRU«HVZLUGXQVHIIHNWLY]X
HQJ ZLU N|QQHQ XQV PDQFKPDO QLFKW PHKU GDULQ UKUHQ ,FK UHGH
QLFKW HLQPDO YRQ *HVHOOVFKDIW« EHZDKUH (V LVW HIIHNWLY QXU GLH
)DPLOLH Q|WLJ +XQHXV 0|OOHQGRUSIV GLH $QJHK|ULJHQ PHLQHV
%UXGHUV 0RULW]« XQG ZLU EHILQGHQ XQV HIIHNWLY ZLH GLH +HULQJH
$OVRZDUXPQLFKWZDKU"©
(U VSUDFK LQ GHP 7RQH HLQHU OHLFKWHQ (QWUVWXQJ PLW HLQHP
$XVGUXFN XQG PLW +DQGEHZHJXQJHQ ZHOFKH EHVDJWHQ 6LH ZHUGHQ
GDV HLQVHKHQ« LFK EUDXFKH PLU GDV QLFKW JHIDOOHQ ]X ODVVHQ« LFK
ZlUH MD GXPP« GD HV GRFK *RWW VHL 'DQN DP 1|WLJVWHQ QLFKW
IHKOWGHU6DFKHDE]XKHOIHQ«ª1XQKDEHLFKZDUWHQZROOHQ©IXKUHU
IRUW ªLFK KDEH ZDUWHQ ZROOHQ ELV =HUOLQH XQG %RE HLQ +DXV
JHEUDXFKHQ ZUGHQ XP LKQHQ HUVW GDQQ GDV PHLQH DE]XWUHWHQ XQG
PLFK QDFK HWZDV *U|‰HUHP XP]XWXQ DEHU« 6LH ZLVVHQ©
XQWHUEUDFKHUVLFKªGD‰PHLQH7RFKWHU=HUOLQHXQG%REGHUbOWHVWH
PHLQHV %UXGHUV GHV 6WDDWVDQZDOWHV VHLW ODQJHQ -DKUHQ YHUOREW
VLQG«'LH+RFK]HLWVROOQXQQLFKWDOO]XODQJHPHKUKLQDXVJHVFKREHQ
ZHUGHQ=ZHL-DKUHK|FKVWHQVQRFK«6LHVLQGMXQJ GHVWREHVVHU
$EHU NXU] XQG JXW ZDUXP VROO LFK DXI VLH ZDUWHQ XQG PLU GLH
JQVWLJH *HOHJHQKHLW HQWJHKHQ ODVVHQ GLH VLFK PLU DXJHQEOLFNOLFK
ELHWHW"(VOlJHHIIHNWLYNHLQYHUQQIWLJHU6LQQGDULQ«©


=XVWLPPXQJKHUUVFKWHLP=LPPHUXQGGLH8QWHUKDOWXQJEOLHEHLQ
ZHQLJ EHL GLHVHU )DPLOLHQDQJHOHJHQKHLW GLHVHU EHYRUVWHKHQGHQ
9HUHKHOLFKXQJ VWHKHQ GHQQ GD YRUWHLOKDIWH +HLUDWHQ ]ZLVFKHQ
*HVFKZLVWHUNLQGHUQ LQ GHU 6WDGW QLFKWV 8QJHZ|KQOLFKHV ZDUHQ VR
QDKPQLHPDQG$QVWR‰GDUDQ0DQHUNXQGLJWHVLFKQDFKGHQ3OlQHQ
GHUMXQJHQ+HUUVFKDIWHQ3OlQHQGLHVRJDUVFKRQGLH+RFK]HLWVUHLVH
EHWUDIHQ«6LHJHGDFKWHQDQGLH5LYLHUD]XJHKHQQDFK1L]]DXQGVR
ZHLWHU6LHKDWWHQ/XVWGD]XXQGZDUXPDOVRQLFKWQLFKWZDKU"«
$XFK GHU MQJHUHQ .LQGHU ZXUGH HUZlKQW XQG GHU .RQVXO VSUDFK
PLW %HKDJHQ XQG :RKOJHIDOOHQ YRQ LKQHQ OHLFKWKLQ XQG PLW
$FKVHO]XFNHQ (U VHOEVW EHVD‰IQI .LQGHU XQG VHLQ %UXGHU 0RULW]
GHUHQ YLHU 6|KQH XQG 7RFKWHU« MD GDQNH VHKU VLH ZDUHQ DOOH
ZRKODXI :DUXP VROOWHQ VLH EULJHQV QLFKW ZRKODXI VHLQ  QLFKW
ZDKU".XU]XPHVJLQJLKQHQJXW8QGGDQQNDPHUZLHGHUDXIGDV
$QZDFKVHQ GHU )DPLOLH XQG GLH (QJH LQ VHLQHP +DXVH ]X
VSUHFKHQ«ª-DGLHVKLHULVWHWZDVDQGHUHV©VDJWHHUª'DVKDEHLFK
VFKRQDXI GHP :HJH KLHUKHUDXI VHKHQ N|QQHQ  GDV +DXV LVW HLQH
3HUOH HLQH 3HUOH RKQH )UDJH JHVHW]W GD‰ GHU 9HUJOHLFK EHL GLHVHQ
'LPHQVLRQHQ KDOWEDU LVW KD« KD« 6FKRQ GLH 7DSHWHQ KLHU« LFK
JHVWHKH ,KQHQ JQlGLJH )UDX LFK EHZXQGHUH ZlKUHQG LFK VSUHFKH
EHVWlQGLJ GLH7DSHWHQ (LQ FKDUPDQWHV =LPPHU HIIHNWLY :HQQ LFK
EHGHQNHKLHUKDEHQ6LHELVODQJ,KU/HEHQYHUEULQJHQGUIHQ«©
ª0LWHLQLJHQ8QWHUEUHFKXQJHQ  MD© VSUDFK )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU PLW
MHQHU EHVRQGHUHQ .HKONRSIVWLPPH GLH LKU PDQFKPDO ]X *HERWH
VWDQG ª8QWHUEUHFKXQJHQ ± MD© ZLHGHUKROWH GHU .RQVXO PLW
]XYRUNRPPHQGHP /lFKHOQ 'DQQ ZDUI HU HLQHQ %OLFN DXI 6HQDWRU
%XGGHQEURRN XQG +HUUQ *|VFK XQG GD GLH EHLGHQ +HUUHQ LP
*HVSUlFKH EHJULIIHQ ZDUHQ UFNWH HU VHLQHQ 6HVVHO QlKHU ]X )UDX
3HUPDQHGHUV6RIDVLW]KHUDQXQGEHXJWHVLFK]XLKUVRGD‰QXQGDV
VFKZHUH3XVWHQVHLQHU1DVHGLFKWXQWHUGHULKUHQHUW|QWH=XK|IOLFK
VLFK DE]XZHQGHQ XQG VLFK VHLQHP $WHP ]X HQW]LHKHQ VD‰ VLH VWHLI
XQG P|JOLFKVW KRFK DXIJHULFKWHW XQG EOLFNWH PLW JHVHQNWHQ /LGHUQ
DXI LKQ QLHGHU $EHU HU EHPHUNWH GXUFKDXV QLFKW GDV *H]ZXQJHQH
XQG8QDQJHQHKPHLKUHU/DJHª:LHLVWHVJQlGLJH)UDX©VDJWHHU«
ª0LUVFKHLQWZLUKDEHQIUKHUVFKRQHLQPDO*HVFKlIWHPLWHLQDQGHU
JHPDFKW" 'DPDOV KDQGHOWH HV VLFK IUHLOLFK QXU« XP ZDV QRFK


JOHLFK" /HFNHUHLHQ =XFNHUZHUN ZLH"« 8QG MHW]W XP HLQ JDQ]HV
+DXV«©
ª,FKHULQQHUHPLFKQLFKW©VDJWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHUXQGVWHLIWHLKUHQ
+DOV QRFK PHKU GHQQ VHLQ *HVLFKW ZDU LKU XQDQVWlQGLJ XQG
XQHUWUlJOLFKQDKH«ª6LHHULQQHUQVLFKQLFKW"©
ª1HLQ LFK ZHL‰ HKUOLFK JHVDJW QLFKWV YRQ =XFNHUZHUN 0LU
VFKZHEW HWZDV YRU YRQ =LWURQHQVHPPHOQ PLW IHWWHU :XUVW EHOHJW«
HLQHPUHFKWZLGHUOLFKHQ)UKVWFNVEURW«,FKZHL‰QLFKWREHVPLU
RGHU,KQHQJHK|UWH«:LUZDUHQ.LQGHUGDPDOV«$EHUGDVPLWGHP
+DXVHKHXWHLVWMDJDQ]XQGJDU6DFKHGHV+HUUQ*|VFK«©
6LHZDUILKUHP%UXGHUHLQHQUDVFKHQGDQNEDUHQ%OLFN]XGHQQHU
KDWWHLKUH1RWJHVHKHQXQGNDPLKU]X+LOIHLQGHPHUVLFKGLH)UDJH
HUODXEWH RE HV GHQ +HUUHQ JHQHKP VHL YRUHUVW HLQPDO GHQ *DQJ
GXUFKV +DXV ]X XQWHUQHKPHQ 0DQ ZDU EHUHLW GD]X PDQ
YHUDEVFKLHGHWH VLFK YRUOlXILJ YRQ )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU GHQQ PDQ
KRIIWH VSlWHU QRFK HLQPDO GDV 9HUJQJHQ ]X KDEHQ« XQG GDQQ
IKUWHGHU6HQDWRUGLHEHLGHQ*lVWHGXUFKGHQ(‰VDDOKLQDXV
(U IKUWH VLH WUHSSDXI WUHSSDE XQG ]HLJWH LKQHQ GLH =LPPHU GHU
]ZHLWHQ (WDJH VRZLH GLHMHQLJHQ GLH DP .RUULGRU GHV HUVWHQ
6WRFNZHUNVJHOHJHQZDUHQXQGGLH3DUWHUUHUlXPOLFKNHLWHQMDVHOEVW
.FKH XQG .HOOHU :DV GLH %XUHDXV EHWUDI VR QDKP PDQ $EVWDQG
GDYRQ HLQ]XWUHWHQ GD GHU 5XQGJDQJ LQ GLH $UEHLWV]HLW GHU
9HUVLFKHUXQJVEHDPWHQVFKDIW ILHO (LQ SDDU %HPHUNXQJHQ EHU GHQ
QHXHQ 'LUHNWRU ZXUGHQ JHZHFKVHOW GHQ .RQVXO +DJHQVWU|P
]ZHLPDO KLQWHUHLQDQGHU IU HLQHQ JUXQGHKUOLFKHQ 0DQQ HUNOlUWH
ZRUDXIGHU6HQDWRUYHUVWXPPWH
6LHJLQJHQGDQQGXUFKGHQNDKOHQLQKDOEJHVFKPRO]HQHP6FKQHH
KHJHQGHQ *DUWHQ WDWHQ HLQHQ %OLFN LQ GDV ¾3RUWDO½ XQG NHKUWHQ DXI
GHQYRUGHUHQ+RI]XUFNGRUWKLQZRGLH:DVFKNFKHODJXPVLFK
YRQ KLHU DXV GHQ VFKPDOHQ JHSIODVWHUWHQ *DQJ ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ
0DXHUQHQWODQJEHUGHQKLQWHUHQ+RIZRGHU(LFKEDXPVWDQGQDFK
GHP5FNJHElXGH]XEHJHEHQ+LHUJDEHVQLFKWVDOVYHUQDFKOlVVLJWH
$OWHUVVFKZlFKH =ZLVFKHQ GHQ 3IODVWHUVWHLQHQ GHV +RIHV ZXFKHUWH
*UDV XQG 0RRV GLH 7UHSSHQ GHV +DXVHV ZDUHQ LQ YROOHP 9HUIDOO
XQGGLHIUHLH.DW]HQIDPLOLHLP%LOODUGVDDOHNRQQWHPDQQXUIOFKWLJ


EHXQUXKLJHQLQGHPPDQGLH7U|IIQHWHRKQHHLQ]XWUHWHQGHQQGHU
)X‰ERGHQZDUKLHUQLFKWVLFKHU
.RQVXO +DJHQVWU|P ZDU VFKZHLJVDP XQG HUVLFKWOLFK PLW
(UZlJXQJHQXQG3OlQHQEHVFKlIWLJWª1XQMD©VDJWHHUEHVWlQGLJ
JOHLFKJOWLJ DEZHKUHQG XQG GHXWHWH GDPLW DQ GD‰ VROOWH HU KLHU
+HUU ZHUGHQ GLHV DOOHV QDWUOLFK QLFKW VR EOHLEHQ N|QQH 0LW GHU
JOHLFKHQ 0LHQH VWDQG HU DXFK HLQ :HLOFKHQ DXI GHP KDUWHQ
/HKPERGHQ]XHEHQHU(UGHXQGEOLFNWH]XGHQ|GHQ6SHLFKHUE|GHQ
HPSRU ª1XQMD ©ZLHGHUKROWH HU VHW]WH GDV GLFNH XQG VFKDGKDIWH
:LQGHWDX GDV KLHU PLW VHLQHP YHUURVWHWHQ (LVHQKDNHQ DP (QGH
ZlKUHQG ODQJHU -DKUH UHJXQJVORV LQPLWWHQ GHV 5DXPHV JHKDQJHQ
KDWWHHLQZHQLJLQ3HQGHOEHZHJXQJXQGZDQGWHVLFKGDQQDXIGHP
$EVlW]H XP ª-D QHKPHQ 6LH EHVWHQ 'DQN IU ,KUH %HPKXQJHQ
+HUU 6HQDWRU ZLU VLQG ZRKO ]X (QGH© VDJWH HU XQG GDQQ EOLHE HU
EHLQDKH VWXPP DXI GHP UDVFK ]XUFNJHOHJWHQ :HJH ]XP
9RUGHUJHElXGH VRZLH DXFK VSlWHU DOV GLH EHLGHQ *lVWH VLFK LP
/DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU RKQH QRFK HLQPDO 3ODW] ]X QHKPHQ EHL )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU HPSIRKOHQ KDWWHQ XQG 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN VLH GLH
7UHSSH KLQXQWHU XQG EHU GLH 'LHOH JHOHLWHWH .DXP DEHU ZDU GLH
9HUDEVFKLHGXQJ HUOHGLJW XQG NDXP ZDQGWH VLFK .RQVXO
+DJHQVWU|P DXI GLH 6WUD‰H KLQDXVWUHWHQG VHLQHP %HJOHLWHU GHP
0DNOHU ]X DOV ]X EHPHUNHQ ZDU GD‰ HLQ EHUDXV OHEKDIWHV
*HVSUlFK]ZLVFKHQGHQEHLGHQEHJDQQ«
'HU 6HQDWRU NHKUWH LQV /DQGVFKDIWV]LPPHU ]XUFN ZRVHOEVW )UDX
3HUPDQHGHURKQHVLFKDQ]XOHKQHQXQGPLWVWUHQJHU0LHQHDQLKUHP
)HQVWHUSODW]H VD‰ PLW ]ZHL JUR‰HQ +RO]QDGHOQ DQ HLQHP
VFKZDU]ZROOHQHQ 5|FNFKHQ IU LKUH (QNHOLQ GLH NOHLQH (OLVDEHWK
VWULFNWH XQG KLH XQG GD HLQHQ %OLFN VHLWZlUWV LQ GHQ ¾6SLRQ½ ZDUI
7KRPDV JLQJ HLQH :HLOH GLH +lQGH LQ GHQ +RVHQWDVFKHQ
VFKZHLJHQG DXI XQG QLHGHU ª-D LFK KDEH LKQ QXQ GHP 0DNOHU
EHUODVVHQ© VDJWH HU GDQQ ªPDQ PX‰ DEZDUWHQ ZDV GDUDXV ZLUG
,FK GHQNH HU ZLUG GDV *DQ]H NDXIHQ KLHU YRUQH ZRKQHQ XQG GDV
KLQWHUH7HUUDLQDQGHUZHLWLJYHUZHUWHQ«©
6LH VDK LKQ QLFKW DQ VLH YHUlQGHUWH DXFK QLFKW GLH DXIUHFKWH
+DOWXQJ LKUHV 2EHUN|USHUV XQG K|UWH QLFKW DXI ]X VWULFNHQ LP
*HJHQWHLOH GLH 6FKQHOOLJNHLW PLW GHU GLH 1DGHOQ VLFK LQ LKUHQ
+lQGHQXPHLQDQGHUEHZHJWHQQDKPPHUNOLFK]Xª2JHZL‰HUZLUG


HV NDXIHQ HU ZLUG GDV *DQ]H NDXIHQ© VDJWH VLH XQG HV ZDU GLH
.HKONRSIVWLPPHGHUHQVLHVLFKEHGLHQWHª:DUXPVROOWHHUHVQLFKW
NDXIHQQLFKWZDKU"(VOlJHHIIHNWLYNHLQYHUQQIWLJHU6LQQGDULQ©
8QG PLW HPSRUJH]RJHQHQ %UDXHQ EOLFNWH VLH GXUFK GDV 3LQFHQH]
GDV VLH MHW]W EHL +DQGDUEHLWHQ JHEUDXFKHQ PX‰WH DEHU GXUFKDXV
QLFKWULFKWLJDXI]XVHW]HQYHUVWDQGVWHLIXQGIHVWDXILKUH1DGHOQGLH
PLW YHUZLUUHQGHU *HVFKZLQGLJNHLW XQG OHLVHP *HNODSSHU
XPHLQDQGHUZLUEHOWHQ
:HLKQDFKWHQ NDP GDV HUVWH :HLKQDFKWVIHVW RKQH GLH .RQVXOLQ
'HU $EHQG GHV  'H]HPEHUV ZXUGH LP +DXVH GHV 6HQDWRUV
EHJDQJHQRKQHGLH'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNDXVGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HXQG
RKQH GLH DOWHQ .U|JHUV GHQQ ZLH HV QXQ PLW GHQ UHJHOPl‰LJHQ
¾.LQGHUWDJHQ½ HLQ (QGH KDWWH VR ZDU 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN DXFK
QLFKW JHQHLJW DOOH 7HLOQHKPHU DQ GHQ :HLKQDFKWVDEHQGHQ GHU
.RQVXOLQ QXQ VHLQHUVHLWV ]X YHUVDPPHOQ XQG ]X EHVFKHQNHQ 1XU
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU PLW (ULND :HLQVFKHQN XQG GHU NOHLQHQ (OLVDEHWK
&KULVWLDQ .ORWKLOGH GLH .ORVWHUGDPH XQG 0DGHPRLVHOOH
:HLFKEURGW ZDUHQ JHEHWHQ ZHOFK OHW]WHUH MD QLFKW DEOLH‰ DP
IQIXQG]ZDQ]LJVWHQ LQ LKUHQ KHL‰HQ 6WEFKHQ GLH EOLFKH PLW
8QJOFNVIlOOHQYHUEXQGHQH%HVFKHUXQJDE]XKDOWHQ
(V IHKOWH GHU &KRU GHU ¾+DXVDUPHQ½ GLH LQ GHU 0HQJVWUD‰H
6FKXK]HXJXQGZROOHQH6DFKHQLQ(PSIDQJJHQRPPHQKDWWHQXQG
HV JDE NHLQHQ .QDEHQJHVDQJ 0DQ VWLPPWH LP 6DORQ JDQ] HLQIDFK
GDV ª6WLOOH 1DFKW KHLOLJH 1DFKW© DQ ZRUDXI 7KHUHVH :HLFKEURGW
DXIVH[DNWHVWHGDV:HLKQDFKWVNDSLWHOYHUODVDQ6WHOOHGHU6HQDWRULQ
GLHGDVQLFKWVRQGHUOLFKOLHEWHXQGGDQQJLQJPDQLQGHPPDQPLW
KDOEHU6WLPPHGLHHUVWHQ6WURSKHQGHVª27DQQHEDXP©VDQJGXUFK
GLH=LPPHUIOXFKWLQGHQJUR‰HQ6DDOKLQEHU
(V ODJ NHLQ EHVRQGHUHU *UXQG YRU ]X IUHXGLJHQ 9HUDQVWDOWXQJHQ
'LH*HVLFKWHUZDUHQQLFKWHEHQJOFNVWUDKOHQGXQGGLH8QWHUKDOWXQJ
QLFKWHEHQKHLWHUEHZHJW:RUEHUVROOWHPDQSODXGHUQ"(VJDEQLFKW
YLHO (UIUHXOLFKHV LQ GHU :HOW 0DQ JHGDFKWH GHU VHOLJHQ 0XWWHU
VSUDFK EHU GHQ +DXVYHUNDXI EHU GLH KHOOH (WDJH GLH )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU YRUP +ROVWHQWRUH LQ HLQHP IUHXQGOLFKHQ +DXVH
DQJHVLFKWV GHU $QODJHQ GHV /LQGHQSODW]HV JHPLHWHW KDWWH XQG EHU
GDV ZDV JHVFKHKHQ ZHUGH ZHQQ +XJR :HLQVFKHQN ZLHGHU DXI
IUHLHP )X‰H ZlUH« ,Q]ZLVFKHQ VSLHOWH GHU NOHLQH -RKDQQ DXI GHP


)OJHO HLQLJHV ZDV HU PLW +HUUQ 3IXKO JHEW KDWWH XQG EHJOHLWHWH
VHLQHU 0XWWHU HWZDV IHKOHUKDIW DEHU PLW VFK|QHP .ODQJH HLQH
6RQDWH YRQ 0R]DUW (U ZXUGH EHOREW XQG JHN‰W PX‰WH GDQQ DEHU
YRQ ,GD -XQJPDQQ ]XU 5XKH JHEUDFKW ZHUGHQ GD HU KHXWH DEHQG
QRFK LQIROJH HLQHU NDXP EHUVWDQGHQHQ 'DUPDIIHNWLRQ VHKU EOD‰
XQGPDWWDXVVDK
6HOEVW &KULVWLDQ ZHOFKHU GD HU QDFK MHQHP =XVDPPHQVWR‰H LP
)UKVWFNV]LPPHU YRQ +HLUDWVJHGDQNHQ QLFKWV PHKU KDWWH
YHUODXWEDUHQ ODVVHQ PLW VHLQHP %UXGHU LQ GHP DOWHQ IU LKQ QLFKW
VHKUHKUHQYROOHQ9HUKlOWQLVIRUWOHEWHZDUJlQ]OLFKXQJHVSUlFKLJXQG
]XNHLQHP6SD‰HDXIJHOHJW(UPDFKWHPLWZDQGHUQGHQ$XJHQHLQHQ
NXU]HQ9HUVXFKEHLGHQ$QZHVHQGHQHLQZHQLJ9HUVWlQGQLVIUGLH
ª4XDO© LQ VHLQHU OLQNHQ 6HLWH ]X HUZHFNHQ XQG JLQJ IUK LQ GHQ
.OXE XP HUVW ]XP $EHQGHVVHQ ]XUFN]XNHKUHQ GDV LQ GHU
KHUJHEUDFKWHQ :HLVH ]XVDPPHQJHVHW]W ZDU 'DQQ KDWWHQ GLH
%XGGHQEURRNV GLHVHQ :HLKQDFKWVDEHQG KLQWHU VLFK XQG VLH ZDUHQ
EHLQDKHIURKGDUEHU
=X %HJLQQ GHV -DKUHV  ZDUG GHU +DXVVWDQG GHU YHUVWRUEHQHQ
.RQVXOLQ DXIJHO|VW 'LH 'LHQVWPlGFKHQ ]RJHQ GDYRQ XQG )UDX
3HUPDQHGHUOREWH*RWWDOVDXFK0DPVHOO6HYHULQGLHLKUELVODQJLP
:LUWVFKDIWVZHVHQDXIVXQHUWUlJOLFKVWHGLH$XWRULWlWVWUHLWLJJHPDFKW
KDWWH VLFK PLW GHQ EHUQRPPHQHQ 6HLGHQNOHLGHUQ XQG
:lVFKHVWFNHQ YHUDEVFKLHGHWH 'DQQ VWDQGHQ 0|EHOZDJHQ LQ GHU
0HQJVWUD‰HXQGGLH5lXPXQJGHVDOWHQ+DXVHVEHJDQQ'LHJUR‰H
JHVFKQLW]WH 7UXKH GLH YHUJROGHWHQ .DQGHODEHU XQG GLH EULJHQ
'LQJHGLHGHP6HQDWRUXQGVHLQHU*DWWLQ]XJHIDOOHQZDUHQZXUGHQ
QXQLQGLH )LVFKHUJUXEH JHVFKDIIW &KULVWLDQ EH]RJ PLW GHP 6HLQHQ
HLQH*DUFRQZRKQXQJYRQGUHL=LPPHUQLQGHU1lKHGHV.OXEVXQG
GLH NOHLQH )DPLOLH 3HUPDQHGHU:HLQVFKHQN KLHOW LKUHQ (LQ]XJ LQ
GHP KHOOHQ XQG QLFKW RKQH $QVSUXFK DXI 9RUQHKPKHLW
HLQJHULFKWHWHQ 6WRFNZHUN DP /LQGHQSODW]H (V ZDU HLQH KEVFKH
NOHLQH :RKQXQJ XQG DQ GHU (WDJHQWU VWDQG DXI HLQHP EODQNHQ
.XSIHUVFKLOGH LQ ]LHUOLFKHU 6FKULIW ]X OHVHQ $ 3HUPDQHGHU
%XGGHQEURRN:LWZH
.DXPDEHUVWDQGGDV+DXVLQGHU0HQJVWUD‰HOHHUDOVDXFKVFKRQ
HLQH6FKDUYRQ$UEHLWHUQDP3ODW]HHUVFKLHQGLH GDV 5FNJHElXGH
DE]XEUHFKHQ EHJDQQHQ GD‰ GHU DOWH 0|UWHOVWDXE GLH /XIW


YHUILQVWHUWH« 'DV *UXQGVWFN ZDU QXQ HQGJOWLJ LQ GHQ %HVLW]
.RQVXO +DJHQVWU|PV EHUJHJDQJHQ (U KDWWH HV JHNDXIW HU VFKLHQ
VHLQHQ (KUJHL] GDUHLQ JHVHW]W ]X KDEHQ HV ]X NDXIHQ GHQQ HLQ
$QJHERWGDV+HUUQ6LJLVPXQG*|VFKYRQ%UHPHQDXV]XJHJDQJHQ
ZDU KDWWH HU XQYHU]JOLFK EHUERWHQ XQG HU EHJDQQ QXQ VHLQ
(LJHQWXP LQ GHU LQJHQL|VHQ $UW ]X YHUZHUWHQ GLH PDQ VHLW ODQJHU
=HLW DQ LKP EHZXQGHUWH 6FKRQ LP )UKMDKU EH]RJ HU PLW VHLQHU
)DPLOLHGDV9RUGHUKDXVLQGHPHUGRUWQDFK0|JOLFKNHLWDOOHVEHLP
DOWHQEHOLH‰YRUEHKDOWOLFKNOHLQHUJHOHJHQWOLFKHU5HQRYLHUXQJHQXQG
DEJHVHKHQ YRQ HLQLJHQ VRIRUWLJHQ GHU 1HX]HLW HQWVSUHFKHQGHQ
bQGHUXQJHQ ]XP %HLVSLHO ZXUGHQ DOOH *ORFNHQ]JH DEJHVFKDIIW
XQGGDV+DXVGXUFKDXVPLWHOHNWULVFKHQ.OLQJHOQYHUVHKHQ«6FKRQ
DEHUZDUGDV5FNJHElXGHYRP%RGHQYHUVFKZXQGHQXQGDQVHLQHU
6WDWWVWLHJHLQQHXHVHPSRUHLQVFKPXFNHUXQGOXIWLJHU%DXGHVVHQ
)URQW GHU %HFNHUJUXEH ]XJHNHKUW ZDU XQG GHU IU 0DJD]LQH XQG
/lGHQKRKHXQGZHLWH5lXPHERW
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU KDWWH LKUHP %UXGHU 7KRPDV JHJHQEHU
ZLHGHUKROW HLGOLFK EHWHXHUW GD‰ IRUWDQ NHLQH 0DFKW GHU (UGH VLH
ZHUGH EHZHJHQ N|QQHQ LKU (OWHUQKDXV DXFK QXU PLW HLQHP %OLFNH
ZLHGHU]XVHKHQ$OOHPHVZDUXQP|JOLFKGLHVLQQH]XKDOWHQXQGKLH
XQG GD IKUWH LKU :HJ VLH QRWZHQGLJ DQ GHQ UDVFK DXIV
YRUWHLOKDIWHVWH YHUPLHWHWHQ /lGHQ XQG 6FKDXIHQVWHUQ GHV
5FNJHElXGHV RGHU GHU HKUZUGLJHQ *LHEHOIDVVDGH DQGHUHUVHLWV
YRUEHUZRQXQXQWHUGHPª'RPPXVSURYLGHELW©GHU1DPH.RQVXO
+HUPDQQ +DJHQVWU|PV ]X OHVHQ ZDU 'DQQ DEHU EHJDQQ )UDX
3HUPDQHGHU%XGGHQEURRNDXIRIIHQHU6WUD‰HXQGDQJHVLFKWVQRFKVR
YLHOHU0HQVFKHQHLQIDFKODXW]XZHLQHQ6LHOHJWHGHQ.RSI]XUFN
lKQOLFKHLQHP9RJHOGHU]XVLQJHQDQKHEWGUFNWHGDV6FKQXSIWXFK
JHJHQ GLH $XJHQ XQG VWLH‰ ZLHGHUKROW HLQHQ :HKHODXW KHUYRU
GHVVHQ $XVGUXFN DXV 3URWHVW XQG .ODJH JHPLVFKW ZDU ZRUDXI VLH
RKQH VLFK XP LUJHQGHLQHQ 9RUEHUJHKHQGHQ QRFK XP GLH
0DKQXQJHQ LKUHU 7RFKWHU ]X EHNPPHUQ VLFK LKUHQ 7UlQHQ
EHUOLH‰
(VZDUQRFKJDQ]LKUXQEHGHQNOLFKHVHUTXLFNHQGHV.LQGHUZHLQHQ
GDV LKU LQ DOOHQ 6WUPHQ XQG 6FKLIIEUFKHQ GHV /HEHQV WUHX
JHEOLHEHQZDU


=(+17(57(,/

(UVWHV.DSLWHO

2IWPDOV ZHQQ GLH WUEHQ 6WXQGHQ NDPHQ IUDJWH VLFK 7KRPDV


%XGGHQEURRN ZDV HU HLJHQWOLFK QRFK VHL ZDV LKQ HLJHQWOLFK QRFK
EHUHFKWLJH VLFK DXFK QXU HLQ ZHQLJ K|KHU HLQ]XVFKlW]HQ DOV
LUJHQGHLQHQVHLQHUHLQIDFKYHUDQODJWHQELGHUEHQXQGNOHLQEUJHUOLFK
EHVFKUlQNWHQ 0LWEUJHU 'LH SKDQWDVLHYROOH 6FKZXQJNUDIW GHU
PXQWHUH,GHDOLVPXVVHLQHU-XJHQGZDUGDKLQ,P6SLHOH]XDUEHLWHQ
XQG PLW GHU $UEHLW ]X VSLHOHQ PLW HLQHP KDOE HUQVW KDOE VSD‰KDIW
JHPHLQWHQ (KUJHL] QDFK =LHOHQ ]X VWUHEHQ GHQHQ PDQ QXU HLQHQ
*OHLFKQLVZHUW ]XHUNHQQW  ]X VROFKHQ KHLWHUVNHSWLVFKHQ
.RPSURPLVVHQ XQG JHLVWUHLFKHQ +DOEKHLWHQ JHK|UW YLHO )ULVFKH
+XPRU XQG JXWHU 0XW DEHU 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN IKOWH VLFK
XQDXVVSUHFKOLFKPGHXQGYHUGURVVHQ
:DV IU LKQ ]X HUUHLFKHQ JHZHVHQ ZDU KDWWH HU HUUHLFKW XQG HU
ZX‰WHZRKOGD‰HUGHQ+|KHSXQNWVHLQHV/HEHQVZHQQEHUKDXSW
ZLH HU EHL VLFK KLQ]XIJWH EHL HLQHP VR PLWWHOPl‰LJHQ XQG
QLHGULJHQ/HEHQYRQHLQHP+|KHSXQNWHGLH5HGHVHLQNRQQWHOlQJVW
EHUVFKULWWHQKDWWH
:DV GDV UHLQ *HVFKlIWOLFKH EHWUDI VR JDOW LP DOOJHPHLQHQ VHLQ
9HUP|JHQ IU VWDUN UHGX]LHUW XQG GLH )LUPD IU LP 5FNJDQJH
EHJULIIHQ 'HQQRFK ZDU HU VHLQ PWWHUOLFKHV (UEH GHQ $QWHLO DP
0HQJVWUD‰HQKDXVHXQGGHQ*UXQGEHVLW]HLQJHUHFKQHWHLQ0DQQYRQ
PHKUDOVVHFKVPDOKXQGHUWWDXVHQG0DUN.XUDQW'DV%HWULHEVNDSLWDO
DEHU ODJ EUDFK VHLW ODQJHQ -DKUHQ PLW GHP SIHQQLJZHLVHQ
*HVFKlIWHPDFKHQGHVVHQVLFKGHU6HQDWRU]XU=HLWGHU3|SSHQUDGHU
(UQWHDQJHOHJHQKHLWDQJHNODJWKDWWHZDUHVVHLWGHP6FKODJHGHQHU
GDPDOVHPSIDQJHQQLFKWEHVVHUVRQGHUQVFKOLPPHUJHZRUGHQXQG
MHW]WLQHLQHU=HLWGDDOOHVVLFKIULVFKXQGVLHJHVIURK UHJWH GDVHLW
GHP (LQWULWW GHU 6WDGW LQ GHQ =ROOYHUEDQG NOHLQH .UlPHUJHVFKlIWH
LPVWDQGH ZDUHQ VLFK ELQQHQ ZHQLJHU -DKUH ]X DQJHVHKHQHQ
*UR‰KDQGOXQJHQ ]X HQWZLFNHOQ MHW]W UXKWH GLH )LUPD -RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRN RKQH LUJHQGHLQHQ 9RUWHLO DXV GHQ (UUXQJHQVFKDIWHQ


GHU =HLW ]X ]LHKHQ XQG EHU GHQ *DQJ GHU *HVFKlIWH EHIUDJW
DQWZRUWHWH GHU &KHI PLW PDWW DEZHKUHQGHU +DQGEHZHJXQJ ª$FK
GDEHL LVW QLFKW YLHO )UHXGH«© (LQ OHEKDIWHUHU .RQNXUUHQW GHU HLQ
QDKHU)UHXQGGHU+DJHQVWU|PVZDUWDWGLH bX‰HUXQJ GD‰7KRPDV
%XGGHQEURRNDQGHU%|UVHHLJHQWOLFKQXUQRFKGHNRUDWLYZLUNHXQG
GLHVHU6FKHU]GHUDXIGDVVRUJIlOWLJJHSIOHJWHbX‰HUH GHV 6HQDWRUV
DQVSLHOWH ZXUGH YRQ GHQ %UJHUQ DOV HLQH XQHUK|UWH /HLVWXQJ
JHZDQGWHU'LDOHNWLNEHZXQGHUWXQGEHODFKW
:DUDEHUGHU6HQDWRULP)RUWZLUNHQIUGDVDOWH)LUPHQVFKLOGGHP
HU HKHPDOV PLW VRYLHO (QWKXVLDVPXV JHGLHQW KDWWH GXUFK HUOLWWHQHV
0L‰JHVFKLFN XQG LQQHUH 0DWWLJNHLW JHOlKPW VR ZDUHQ VHLQHP
(PSRUVWUHEHQ LP VWlGWLVFKHQ *HPHLQZHVHQ lX‰HUH *UHQ]HQ
JH]RJHQ GLH XQEHUVFKUHLWEDU ZDUHQ 6HLW -DKUHQ VFKRQ VHLW VHLQHU
%HUXIXQJ LQ GHQ 6HQDW KDWWH HU DXFK KLHU HUODQJW ZDV IU LKQ ]X
HUODQJHQ ZDU (V JDE QXU QRFK 6WHOOXQJHQ LQQH]XKDOWHQ XQG bPWHU
]X EHNOHLGHQ DEHU QLFKWV PHKU ]X HUREHUQ HV JDE QXU QRFK
*HJHQZDUW XQG NOHLQOLFKH :LUNOLFKNHLW DEHU NHLQH =XNXQIW XQG
NHLQHHKUJHL]LJHQ3OlQHPHKU=ZDUKDWWHHUVHLQH0DFKWLQGHU6WDGW
XPIlQJOLFKHU ]X JHVWDOWHQ JHZX‰W DOV HLQ DQGHUHU DQ VHLQHU 6WHOOH
GDV YHUPRFKW KlWWH XQG VHLQHQ )HLQGHQ ZXUGH HV VFKZHU ]X
OHXJQHQ GD‰ HU ªGHV %UJHUPHLVWHUV UHFKWH +DQG© VHL
%UJHUPHLVWHU DEHU NRQQWH 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN QLFKW ZHUGHQ
GHQQ HU ZDU .DXIPDQQ XQG QLFKW *HOHKUWHU HU KDWWH NHLQ
*\PQDVLXP DEVROYLHUW ZDU QLFKW -XULVW XQG EHUKDXSW QLFKW
DNDGHPLVFK DXVJHELOGHW (U DEHU GHU YRQ MHKHU VHLQH 0X‰HVWXQGHQ
PLW KLVWRULVFKHU XQG OLWHUDULVFKHU /HNWUH DXVJHIOOW KDWWH GHU VLFK
VHLQHU JHVDPWHQ 8PJHEXQJ DQ *HLVW 9HUVWDQG XQG LQQHUHU ZLH
lX‰HUHU %LOGXQJ EHUOHJHQ IKOWH HU YHUZDQG QLFKW GHQ bUJHU
GDUEHU GD‰ GDV )HKOHQ GHU RUGQXQJVPl‰LJHQ 4XDOLILNDWLRQHQ HV
LKP XQP|JOLFK PDFKWH LQ GHP NOHLQHQ 5HLFK LQ GDV HU
KLQHLQJHERUHQ GLH HUVWH 6WHOOH HLQ]XQHKPHQ ª:LH GXPP VLQG ZLU
JHZHVHQ© VDJWH HU ]X VHLQHP )UHXQGH XQG %HZXQGHUHU 6WHSKDQ
.LVWHQPDNHUDEHUPLWGHPªZLU©PHLQWHHUQXUVLFKDOOHLQ±ªGD‰
ZLU VR IUK LQV .RQWRU JHODXIHQ VLQG XQG QLFKW OLHEHU GLH 6FKXOH
EHHQGLJWKDEHQ©8QG6WHSKDQ.LVWHQPDNHUDQWZRUWHWHª-DGDKDVW
GXZDKUKDIWLJUHFKW«:DUXPEULJHQV"©


'HU 6HQDWRU DUEHLWHWH MHW]W PHLVWHQV DOOHLQ DQ GHP JUR‰HQ
0DKDJRQLVFKUHLEWLVFK LQ VHLQHP 3ULYDWEXUHDX HUVWHQV ZHLO GRUW
QLHPDQG HV VDK ZHQQ HU GHQ .RSI LQ GLH +DQG VWW]WH XQG PLW
JHVFKORVVHQHQ $XJHQ JUEHOWH KDXSWVlFKOLFK DEHU ZHLO GLH
KDDUVWUlXEHQGH 3HGDQWHULH PLW GHU VHLQ 6R]LXV +HUU )ULHGULFK
:LOKHOP 0DUFXV LKP JHJHQEHU LPPHU DXIVQHXHVHLQH 8WHQVLOLHQ
RUGQHWH XQG VHLQHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW VWULFK LKQ YRQ VHLQHP )HQVWHUSODW]
LP+DXSWNRQWRUYHUMDJWKDWWH
'LH EHGlFKWLJH 8PVWlQGOLFKNHLW GHV DOWHQ +HUUQ 0DUFXV ZDU LP
/DXIH GHU -DKUH ]XU YROOVWlQGLJHQ 0DQLH XQG :XQGHUOLFKNHLW
JHZRUGHQZDVVLHDEHULQOHW]WHU=HLWIU7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRN]X
HWZDV XQHUWUlJOLFK $XIUHL]HQGHP XQG %HOHLGLJHQGHP PDFKWH ZDU
GHU 8PVWDQG GD‰ HU VHOEVW ]X VHLQHP (QWVHW]HQ RIWPDOV HWZDV
bKQOLFKHVDQ VLFKEHREDFKWHQ PX‰WH -D DXFK LQ LKP GHU HKHPDOV
DOOHU .OHLQOLFKNHLW VR DEKROG JHZHVHQ ZDU KDWWH VLFK HLQH $UW YRQ
3HGDQWHULHHQWZLFNHOWZHQQDXFKDXVHLQHUDQGHUHQ.RQVWLWXWLRQXQG
HLQHUDQGHUHQ*HPWVYHUIDVVXQJKHUDXV
,QLKPZDUHVOHHUXQGHUVDKNHLQHQDQUHJHQGHQ 3ODQ XQG NHLQH
IHVVHOQGH $UEHLW GHU HU VLFK PLW )UHXGH XQG %HIULHGLJXQJ KlWWH
KLQJHEHQ N|QQHQ 6HLQ 7lWLJNHLWVWULHE DEHU GLH 8QIlKLJNHLW VHLQHV
.RSIHV]XUXKHQVHLQH$NWLYLWlWGLHVWHWVHWZDVJUQGOLFKDQGHUHV
JHZHVHQZDUDOVGLHQDWUOLFKHXQGGXUDEOH$UEHLWVOXVWVHLQHU9lWHU
HWZDV .QVWOLFKHV QlPOLFK HLQ 'UDQJ VHLQHU 1HUYHQ HLQ
%HWlXEXQJVPLWWHO LP *UXQGH VR JXW ZLH GLH NOHLQHQ VFKDUIHQ
UXVVLVFKHQ =LJDUHWWHQ GLH HU EHVWlQGLJ GD]X UDXFKWH  VLH KDWWH LKQ
QLFKW YHUODVVHQ HU ZDU LKU ZHQLJHU +HUU DOV MHPDOV VLH KDWWH
EHUKDQGJHQRPPHQ XQG ZXUGH ]XU 0DUWHU LQGHP HU VLFK DQ HLQH
0HQJHYRQ1LFKWLJNHLWHQYHU]HWWHOWH(UZDUJHKHW]WYRQIQIKXQGHUW
QLFKWVZUGLJHQ %DJDWHOOHQ GLH ]XP JUR‰HQ 7HLO QXU GLH
,QVWDQGKDOWXQJVHLQHV+DXVHVXQGVHLQHU7RLOHWWHEHWUDIHQGLHHUDXV
hEHUGUX‰ YHUVFKRE GLH VHLQ .RSI QLFKW EHLHLQDQGHU]XKDOWHQ
YHUPRFKWH XQG PLW GHQHQ HU QLFKW LQ 2UGQXQJ NDP ZHLO HU
XQYHUKlOWQLVPl‰LJYLHO1DFKGHQNHQXQG=HLWGDUDQYHUVFKZHQGHWH
'DV ZDV PDQ LQ GHU 6WDGW VHLQH ¾(LWHONHLW½ QDQQWH KDWWH LQ HLQHU
:HLVH ]XJHQRPPHQ GHUHQ HU VHOEVW OlQJVW EHJRQQHQ KDWWH VLFK ]X
VFKlPHQ RKQH GD‰ HU LPVWDQGH JHZHVHQ ZlUH VLFK GHU
*HZRKQKHLWHQ ]X HQWVFKODJHQ GLH VLFK LQ GLHVHU %H]LHKXQJ


HQWZLFNHOWKDWWHQ9RQGHP$XJHQEOLFNHDQGDHUQDFKHLQHUQLFKW
XQUXKLJDEHULQGXPSIHPXQGXQHUTXLFNOLFKHP6FKODIHYHUEUDFKWHQ
1DFKW LP 6FKODIURFN ]X +HUUQ :HQ]HO GHP DOWHQ %DUELHU LQV
$QNOHLGH]LPPHUWUDW±HVZDUQHXQ8KUXQGHUKDWWHVLFKIUKHUYLHO
]HLWLJHU HUKREHQ ± YHUEUDXFKWH HU YROOH DQGHUWKDOE 6WXQGHQ EHL
VHLQHP $Q]JH ELV HUVLFK IHUWLJ XQG HQWVFKORVVHQ IKOWH GHQ 7DJ
]X EHJLQJHQ LQGHP HU VLFK ]XP 7HH LQV HUVWH 6WRFNZHUN
KLQXQWHUEHJDE 6HLQH 7RLOHWWH ZDU VR XPVWlQGOLFK XQG GDEHL LQ GHU
5HLKHQIROJH LKUHU (LQ]HOKHLWHQ YRQ GHU NDOWHQ 'XVFKH LP
%DGH]LPPHUELV]XP6FKOX‰ZHQQGDVOHW]WH6WlXEFKHQYRP5RFNH
HQWIHUQW ZDU XQG GLH %DUWHQGHQ ]XP OHW]WHQ 0DOH GXUFK GLH
%UHQQVFKHUH JOLWWHQ VR IHVW XQG XQDElQGHUOLFK JHUHJHOW GD‰ GLH
EHVWlQGLJ ZLHGHUKROWH $EKDVSHOXQJ GLHVHU ]DKOORVHQ NOHLQHQ
+DQGJULIIH XQG $UEHLWHQ LKQ MHGHQ $XJHQEOLFN ]XU 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ
EUDFKWH'HQQRFKKlWWHHUHVQLFKWYHUPRFKWGDV.DELQHWWPLWGHP
%HZX‰WVHLQ ]X YHUODVVHQ LUJHQG HWZDV GDYRQ ]X XQWHUODVVHQ RGHU
QXU IOFKWLJ HUOHGLJW ]X KDEHQ DXV )XUFKW GLHVHV *HIKOV YRQ
)ULVFKH5XKHXQG,QWDNWKHLWYHUOXVWLJ]XJHKHQGDVGRFKQDFKHLQHU
HLQ]LJHQ6WXQGHZLHGHUYHUORUHQZDUXQGQRWGUIWLJHUQHXHUWZHUGHQ
PX‰WH
(U VSDUWH LQ DOOHQ 'LQJHQ VRZHLW GDV RKQH VLFK GHP *HUHGH
DXV]XVHW]HQWXQOLFKZDUQXUQLFKWLQEHWUHIIVHLQHU*DUGHUREHGLH
HUGXUFKDXVEHLGHPHOHJDQWHVWHQ6FKQHLGHUYRQ+DPEXUJDQIHUWLJHQ
OLH‰XQGIUGHUHQ(UKDOWXQJXQG(UJlQ]XQJHUNHLQH.RVWHQVFKHXWH
(LQH7UGLHLQHLQDQGHUHV=LPPHU]XIKUHQVFKLHQYHUVFKOR‰GLH
JHUlXPLJH 1LVFKH GLH LQ HLQH :DQG GHV $QNOHLGHNDELQHWWV
HLQJHPDXHUW ZDU XQG LQ GHU DQ ODQJHQ 5HLKHQ YRQ +DNHQ EHU
JHERJHQH +RO]OHLVWHQ DXVJHVSDQQW GLH -DFNHWWV 6PRNLQJV
*HKU|FNH)UlFNHIUDOOH-DKUHV]HLWHQXQGLQDOOHQ*UDGDEVWXIXQJHQ
GHU JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ )HLHUOLFKNHLW KLQJHQ ZlKUHQG DXI PHKUHUHQ
6WKOHQGLH%HLQNOHLGHUVRUJIlOWLJLQGLH)DOWHQJHOHJWDXIJHVWDSHOW
ZDUHQ ,Q GHU .RPPRGH DEHU PLW GHP JHZDOWLJHQ 6SLHJHODXIVDW]
GHVVHQ 3ODWWH PLW .lPPHQ %UVWHQ XQG 3UlSDUDWHQ IU GLH 3IOHJH
GHV +DXSWKDDUHV XQG %DUWHV EHGHFNW ZDU ODJHUWH GHU 9RUUDW YRQ
YHUVFKLHGHQDUWLJHU /HLEZlVFKH GLH EHVWlQGLJ JHZHFKVHOW
JHZDVFKHQ YHUEUDXFKW XQG HUJlQ]W ZXUGH ,Q GLHVHP .DELQHWW
YHUEUDFKWHHUQLFKWQXUDP0RUJHQHLQHODQJH=HLWVRQGHUQDXFKYRU


MHGHP 'LQHU MHGHU 6HQDWVVLW]XQJ MHGHU |IIHQWOLFKHQ 9HUVDPPOXQJ
NXU] LPPHU EHYRU HV JDOW VLFK XQWHU 0HQVFKHQ ]X ]HLJHQ XQG ]X
EHZHJHQ MD VHOEVW YRU GHQ DOOWlJOLFKHQ 0DKO]HLWHQ ]X +DXVH EHL
GHQHQ DX‰HU LKP VHOEVW QXU VHLQH )UDX GHU NOHLQH -RKDQQ XQG ,GD
-XQJPDQQ ]XJHJHQ ZDUHQ 8QG ZHQQ HU KLQDXVWUDW VR YHUVFKDIIWH
GLH IULVFKH :lVFKH DQ VHLQHP .|USHU GLH WDGHOORVH XQG GLVNUHWH
(OHJDQ] VHLQHV $Q]XJHV VHLQ VRUJIlOWLJ JHZDVFKHQHV *HVLFKW GHU
*HUXFK GHU %ULOODQWLQH LQ VHLQHP 6FKQXUUEDUW XQG GHU KHUENKOH
*HVFKPDFN GHV JHEUDXFKWHQ 0XQGZDVVHUV LKP GDV %HIULHGLJXQJV
XQG%HUHLWVFKDIWVJHIKOPLWGHPHLQ6FKDXVSLHOHUGHUVHLQH0DVNH
LQDOOHQ(LQ]HOKHLWHQYROOHQGHWKHUJHVWHOOWKDWVLFK]XU%KQHEHJLEW
:LUNOLFK7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNV'DVHLQZDUNHLQDQGHUHVPHKUDOV
GDVHLQHV6FKDXVSLHOHUVHLQHVVROFKHQDEHUGHVVHQJDQ]HV/HEHQELV
DXI GLH JHULQJVWH XQG DOOWlJOLFKVWH .OHLQLJNHLW ]X HLQHU HLQ]LJHQ
3URGXNWLRQ JHZRUGHQ LVW HLQHU 3URGXNWLRQ GLH PLW $XVQDKPH
HLQLJHU ZHQLJHU XQG NXU]HU 6WXQGHQ GHV $OOHLQVHLQV XQG GHU
$EVSDQQXQJEHVWlQGLJDOOH.UlIWHLQ$QVSUXFKQLPPWXQGYHU]HKUW
'HUJlQ]OLFKH0DQJHOHLQHVDXIULFKWLJIHXULJHQ,QWHUHVVHVGDVLKQLQ
$QVSUXFK JHQRPPHQ KDWWH GLH 9HUDUPXQJ XQG 9HU|GXQJ VHLQHV
,QQHUHQHLQH9HU|GXQJVRVWDUNGD‰VLHVLFKIDVWXQDEOlVVLJDOVHLQ
XQEHVWLPPW ODVWHQGHU *UDP IKOEDU PDFKWH  YHUEXQGHQ PLW HLQHU
XQHUELWWOLFKHQ LQQHUHQ 9HUSIOLFKWXQJ XQG ]lKHQ (QWVFKORVVHQKHLW
XP MHGHQ 3UHLV ZUGLJ ]X UHSUlVHQWLHUHQ VHLQH +LQIlOOLJNHLW PLW
DOOHQ 0LWWHOQ ]X YHUVWHFNHQ XQGGLH¾'HKRUV½ ]X ZDKUHQ KDWWH GLHV
DXVVHLQHP'DVHLQJHPDFKWKDWWHHVNQVWOLFKEHZX‰WJH]ZXQJHQ
JHPDFKW XQG EHZLUNW GD‰ MHGHV :RUW MHGH %HZHJXQJ MHGH
JHULQJVWH $NWLRQ XQWHU 0HQVFKHQ ]X HLQHU DQVWUHQJHQGHQ XQG
DXIUHLEHQGHQ6FKDXVSLHOHUHLJHZRUGHQZDU
6HOWVDPH(LQ]HOKHLWHQWUDWHQGDEHL]XWDJHHLJHQDUWLJH%HGUIQLVVH
GLHHUVHOEVWPLW(UVWDXQHQXQG:LGHUZLOOHQDQVLFKZDKUQDKP,P
*HJHQVDW] ]X /HXWHQ GLH VHOEVW NHLQH 5ROOH VSLHOHQ VRQGHUQ QXU
XQEHDFKWHW XQG GHQ %OLFNHQ XQ]XJlQJOLFK LQ DOOHU 6WLOOH LKUH
%HREDFKWXQJHQDQVWHOOHQZROOHQOLHEWHHUHVQLFKWGDV7DJHVOLFKWLP
5FNHQ]XKDEHQVLFKVHOEVWLP6FKDWWHQ]XZLVVHQXQGGLH/HXWHLQ
KHOOHU %HOHXFKWXQJ YRU VLFK ]X VHKHQ KDOE JHEOHQGHW YLHOPHKU GDV
/LFKWLQGHQ$XJHQ]XIKOHQXQGGLH/HXWHVHLQ3XEOLNXPGLHDXI
GLH HU DOV OLHEHQVZUGLJHU *HVHOOVFKDIWHU RGHU DOV OHEKDIWHU


*HVFKlIWVPDQQ XQG UHSUlVHQWLHUHQGHU )LUPHQFKHI RGHU DOV
|IIHQWOLFKHU 5HGQHU ]X ZLUNHQ KDWWH DOV HLQH EOR‰H 0DVVH LP
6FKDWWHQ YRU VLFK ]X VHKHQ QXU GLHV JDE LKP GDV *HIKO GHU
6HSDUDWLRQ XQG 6LFKHUKHLW MHQHQ EOLQGHQ 5DXVFK GHV 6LFK
3URGX]LHUHQV LQ GHP HU VHLQH (UIROJH HU]LHOWH -D HEHQ GLHVHU
UDXVFKDUWLJH=XVWDQGGHU$NWLRQZDUHVGHULKPDOOJHPDFK]XGHP
ZHLWDXV HUWUlJOLFKVWHQ JHZRUGHQ ZDU :HQQ HU GDV :HLQJODV ]XU
+DQG DP 7LVFKH VWDQG XQG PLW OLHEHQVZUGLJHP 0LHQHQVSLHOH
JHIlOOLJHQ *HVWHQ XQG JHVFKLFNW YRUJHEUDFKWHQ 5HGHZHQGXQJHQ
ZHOFKH HLQVFKOXJHQ XQG EHLIlOOLJH +HLWHUNHLW HQWIHVVHOWHQ HLQHQ
7RDVW DXVEUDFKWH VR NRQQWH HU WURW] VHLQHU %ODVVH DOV GHU 7KRPDV
%XGGHQEURRNYRQHKHGHPHUVFKHLQHQYLHOVFKZHUHUZDUHVLKPLQ
XQWlWLJHP 6WLOOVLW]HQ GLH +HUUVFKDIW EHU VLFK VHOEVW ]X EHZDKUHQ
'DQQVWLHJHQ0GLJNHLWXQGhEHUGUX‰LQLKPHPSRU WUEWHQ VHLQH
$XJHQXQGQDKPHQLKPGLH*HZDOWEHUVHLQH*HVLFKWVPXVNHOQXQG
GLH+DOWXQJVHLQHV.|USHUV1XUHLQ:XQVFKHUIOOWHLKQGDQQGLHVHU
PDWWHQ 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ QDFK]XJHEHQ VLFK GDYRQ]XVWHKOHQ XQG ]X
+DXVHVHLQHQ.RSIDXIHLQNKOHV.LVVHQ]XOHJHQ
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU KDWWH LQ GHU )LVFKHUJUXEH ]X $EHQG JHJHVVHQ
XQG ]ZDU DOOHLQ GHQQ LKUH 7RFKWHU GLH JOHLFKIDOOV JHEHWHQ ZRUGHQ
ZDU KDWWH QDFKPLWWDJV LKUHP *DWWHQ LP *HIlQJQLV HLQHQ %HVXFK
JHPDFKW XQG IKOWH VLFK ZLH VWHWV LQ GLHVHP )DOOH HUPGHW XQG
XQZRKOZHVKDOEVLH]X+DXVHJHEOLHEHQZDU
)UDX$QWRQLHKDWWHEHL7LVFKHEHU+XJR:HLQVFKHQNJHVSURFKHQ
GHVVHQ*HPWV]XVWDQGlX‰HUVWWUDXULJVHLQVROOWHXQGGDQQZDUGLH
)UDJH HU|UWHUW ZRUGHQ ZDQQ PDQ ZRKO PLW HLQLJHU $XVVLFKW DXI
(UIROJ GHP 6HQDWH HLQ *QDGHQJHVXFK ZHUGH HLQUHLFKHQ N|QQHQ
1XQ KDWWHQ VLFK GLH GUHL 9HUZDQGWHQ LP :RKQ]LPPHU XP GHQ
UXQGHQ0LWWHOWLVFKXQWHUGHUJUR‰HQ*DVODPSHQLHGHUJHODVVHQ*HUGD
%XGGHQEURRN XQG LKUH 6FKZlJHULQ VD‰HQ PLW +DQGDUEHLWHQ
EHVFKlIWLJW HLQDQGHU JHJHQEHU 'LH 6HQDWRULQ KLHOW LKU VFK|QHV
ZHL‰HV*HVLFKWEHUHLQH6HLGHQVWLFNHUHLJHEHXJWGD‰LKUVFKZHUHV
+DDUYRP/LFKWHEHVFKLHQHQGXQNHO]XHUJOKHQVFKLHQXQG )UDX
3HUPDQHGHUGHQ.OHPPHUJlQ]OLFKVFKLHIXQG]ZHFNZLGULJDXIGHU
1DVH EHIHVWLJWH PLW VRUJOLFKHQ )LQJHUQ HLQH JUR‰H ZXQGHUEDU URWH
$WODVVFKOHLIH DQ HLQHP ZLQ]LJHQ JHOEHQ .|UEFKHQ 'DV ZXUGH HLQ
*HEXUWVWDJVJHVFKHQNIULUJHQGHLQH%HNDQQWH'HU6HQDWRUDEHUVD‰


VHLWZlUWV YRP 7LVFKH LQ HLQHP EUHLWHQ 3ROVWHUIDXWHXLO PLW VFKUlJHU
5XFNHQOHKQHXQGODVPLWJHNUHX]WHQ%HLQHQGLH=HLWXQJZlKUHQGHU
GDQQ XQG ZDQQ GHQ 5DXFK VHLQHU UXVVLVFKHQ =LJDUHWWH HLQ]RJ XQG
LKQ DOV HLQHQ KHOOJUDXHQ 6WURP GXUFK GHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW ZLHGHU
DXVDWPHWH
(VZDUHLQZDUPHU6RPPHU6RQQWDJDEHQG'DVKRKH)HQVWHUVWDQG
RIIHQXQGOLH‰GLHODXHHLQZHQLJIHXFKWH/XIWGDV=LPPHUHUIOOHQ
9RP 7LVFKH DXV NRQQWH PDQ EHU GHQ JUDXHQ *LHEHOQ GHU
JHJHQEHUOLHJHQGHQ +DXVHU ]ZLVFKHQ JDQ] ODQJVDP ]LHKHQGHQ
:RONHQGLH6WHUQHVHKHQ'UEHQLQGHPNOHLQHQ%OXPHQODGHQYRQ
,ZHUVHQ ZDU QRFK /LFKW :HLWHU REHQ LQ GHU VWLOOHQ 6WUD‰H ZDUG
XQWHU DOOHUKDQG 0L‰JULIIHQ HLQH +DQGKDUPRQLND JHVSLHOW
ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK YRQ HLQHP .QHFKWH GHV )XKUPDQQHV 'DQNZDUW
'DQQXQGZDQQZXUGHHVODXWGRUWGUDX‰HQ(LQ7UXSSYRQ0DWURVHQ
]RJ YRUEHU GLH VLQJHQG UDXFKHQG XQG $UP LQ $UP DXV HLQHU
]ZHLIHOKDIWHQ +DIHQZLUWVFKDIW NDPHQ XQG VLFK LQ )HLHUVWLPPXQJ
QDFKHLQHUQRFK]ZHLIHOKDIWHUHQXPWDWHQ,KUHUDXKHQ6WLPPHQXQG
ZLHJHQGHQ6FKULWWHYHUKDOOWHQLQHLQHU4XHUVWUD‰H
'HU6HQDWRUOHJWHGLH=HLWXQJQHEHQVLFKDXIGHQ7LVFKVFKREVHLQ
3LQFHQH]LQGLH:HVWHQWDVFKHXQGVWULFKPLWGHU+DQGEHU6WLUQXQG
$XJHQ ª6FKZDFK VHKU VFKZDFK GLHVH ¾$Q]HLJHQ½© VDJWH HU ª0LU
IlOOW MHGHVPDO GDEHL HLQ ZDV *UR‰YDWHU YRQ IDGHQ XQG
NRQVLVWHQ]ORVHQ *HULFKWHQ VDJWH ¾(V VFKPHFNW DOV RE PDQ GLH
=XQJH ]XP )HQVWHU KLQDXVKlQJW ,Q GUHL ODQJZHLOLJHQ 0LQXWHQ LVW
PDQPLWGHP*DQ]HQIHUWLJ½(VVWHKWHLQIDFKJDUQLFKWVGDULQ©
ª-D*RWWZHL‰HVGDVGDUIVWGXJHWURVWZLHGHUKROHQ7RP©VDJWH
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU LQGHP VLH LKUH $UEHLW VLQNHQ OLH‰ XQG DQ GHP
.OHPPHU YRUEHL DXI LKUHQ %UXGHU VDK ª:DV VROO DXFK ZRKO GDQQ
VWHKHQ" ,FK KDEH HV YRQ MHKHU JHVDJW  VFKRQ DOV JDQ] MXQJHV
GXPPHV 'LQJ 'LHVH ¾6WLGWLVFKHQ $Q]HLJHQ½ VLQG HLQ NOlJOLFKHV
%OlWWFKHQ ,FK OHVH VLH MD DXFK JHZL‰ ZHLO HEHQ PHLVWHQV QLFKWV
DQGHUHV ]XU +DQG LVW $EHU GD‰ GHU *UR‰KlQGOHU .RQVXO 6RXQGVR
VHLQHVLOEHUQH+RFK]HLW]XIHLHUQJHGHQNWILQGHLFKPHLQHVWHLOVQLFKW
DOO]X HUVFKWWHUQG 0DQ VROOWH DQGHUH %OlWWHU OHVHQ GLH
¾.|QLJVEHUJHU+DUWXQJ¶VFKH=HLWXQJ½RGHUGLH¾5KHLQLVFKH=HLWXQJ½
'DZXUGHPDQ©


6LH XQWHUEUDFK VLFK 6LH KDWWH GLH =HLWXQJ ]XU +DQG JHQRPPHQ
KDWWHVLHQRFKHLQPDOHQWIDOWHWXQGZlKUHQGVLHVSUDFKLKUH$XJHQ
JHULQJVFKlW]LJ EHU GLH 6SDOWHQ JOHLWHQ ODVVHQ 1XQ DEHU EOLHE LKU
%OLFN DQ HLQHU 6WHOOH KDIWHQ HLQHU NXU]HQ 1RWL] YRQ YLHU RGHU IQI
=HLOHQ 6LH YHUVWXPPWH VLH JULII PLW HLQHU +DQG QDFK LKUHP
$XJHQJODV ODV ZlKUHQG LKU 0XQG VLFK ODQJVDP |IIQHWH GLH 1RWL]
]X (QGH XQG VWLH‰ GDQQ ]ZHL 6FKUHFNHQVUXIH DXV ZREHL VLH EHLGH
+DQGIOlFKHQJHJHQGLH:DQJHQSUH‰WHXQGGLH(OOHQERJHQZHLWYRP
.|USHUHQWIHUQWKLHOWª8QP|JOLFK(VLVWQLFKWP|JOLFK1HLQ*HUGD
 7RP 'DV NRQQWHVW GX EHUVHKHQ" (V LVW HQWVHW]OLFK 'LH DUPH
$UPJDUG6RPX‰WHHVIUVLHNRPPHQ©
*HUGD KDWWH GHQ.RSI YRQLKUHU $UEHLW HUKREHQ XQG 7KRPDV VLFK
HUVFKUHFNW VHPHU 6FKZHVWHU ]XJHZDQGW 8QG KHIWLJ HUJULIIHQ PLW
EHEHQGHU .HKOVWLPPH MHGHV :RUW VFKLFNVDOVVFKZHU EHWRQHQG ODV
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ODXW GLHVH 1DFKULFKW GLH DXV 5RVWRFN NDP XQG
GDKLQ JLQJ GD‰ JHVWHUQ QDFKW GHU 5LWWHUJXWVEHVLW]HU 5DOI YRQ
0DLERRPLP$UEHLWV]LPPHUGHV+HUUHQKDXVHVYRQ3RSSHQUlGHVLFK
YHUPLWWHOVW HLQHV 5HYROYHUVFKXVVHV HQWOHLEW KDEH ª3HNXQLlUH
%HGUlQJQLVVFKHLQWGHU %HZHJJUXQG ]XU7DW JHZHVHQ ]X VHLQ +HUU
YRQ0DLERRPKLQWHUOD‰WHLQH)UDXPLWGUHL.LQGHUQ©6RVFKOR‰VLH
XQG GDQQ OLH‰ VLH GLH =HLWXQJ LQ GHQ 6FKR‰ VLQNHQ OHKQWH VLFK
]XUFNXQGVDK%UXGHUXQG6FKZlJHULQVFKZHLJHQGXQGIDVVXQJVORV
PLWNODJHQGHQ$XJHQDQ
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN KDWWH VLFK VFKRQ ZlKUHQG VLH ODV ZLHGHU
YRQLKUDEJHNHKUWXQGEOLFNWHDQLKUYRUEHL]ZLVFKHQGHQ3RUWLHUHQ
KLQGXUFKLQGDV'XQNHOGHV6DORQVKLQEHUª0LWHLQHP5HYROYHU"©
IUDJWHHUQDFKGHPZRKO]ZHL0LQXWHQODQJ6WLOOHJHKHUUVFKWKDWWH
8QG ZLHGHUXP QDFK HLQHU 3DXVH VSUDFK HU OHLVH ODQJVDP XQG
VS|WWLVFKª-DMDVRHLQ5LWWHUVPDQQ©
'DQQYHUVDQNHUDXIVQHXHLQ6LQQHQ'LH6FKQHOOLJNHLWPLWGHUHU
GLH HLQH 6SLW]H VHLQHV 6FKQXUUEDUWHV ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ )LQJHUQ GUHKWH
VWDQG LQ VRQGHUEDUHP *HJHQVDW] ]X GHU YHUVFKZRPPHQHQ VWDUUHQ
XQG]LHOORVHQ8QEHZHJOLFKNHLWVHLQHV%OLFNHV
(U DFKWHWH QLFKW DXI GLH.ODJHUHGHQ VHLQHU 6FKZHVWHU XQG DXI GLH
0XWPD‰XQJHQGLHVLHLQEHWUHIIGHVIHUQHUHQ/HEHQVLKUHU)UHXQGLQ
$UPJDUGDQVWHOOWHQRFKEHPHUNWHHUGD‰*HUGDRKQHGHQ.RSILKP
]X]XZHQGHQ LKUH QDKH EHLHLQDQGHUOLHJHQGHQ EUDXQHQ $XJHQ LQ


GHUHQ:LQNHOQEOlXOLFKH6FKDWWHQODJHUWHQIHVWXQGVSlKHQGDXILKQ
JHULFKWHWKLHOW

=ZHLWHV.DSLWHO

1LHPDOVYHUPRFKWH7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNPLWGHP%OLFNHPDWWHQ
0L‰PXWHV PLW GHP HU GHQ 5HVW VHLQHV HLJHQHQ /HEHQV HUZDUWHWH
DXFKLQGLH=XNXQIWGHVNOHLQHQ-RKDQQ]XVHKHQ6HLQ)DPLOLHQVLQQ
GLHVHV HUHUEWH XQG DQHU]RJHQH UFNZlUWV VRZRKO ZLH YRUZlUWV
JHZDQGWHSLHWlWYROOH,QWHUHVVHIUGLHLQWLPH+LVWRULHVHLQHV+DXVHV
KLQGHUWH LKQ GDUDQ XQG GLH OLHEHYROOH RGHU QHXJLHULJH (UZDUWXQJ
PLW GHU VHLQH )UHXQGVFKDIW XQG %HNDQQWVFKDIW LQ GHU 6WDGW VHLQH
6FKZHVWHUXQGVHOEVWGLH'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNLQGHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰H
VHLQHQ6RKQEHWUDFKWHWHQEHHLQIOX‰WHVHLQH*HGDQNHQ(UVDJWHVLFK
PLW*HQXJWXXQJGD‰ZLHDXIJHULHEHQXQGKRIIQXQJVORVDXFKLPPHU
HU VHOEVW IU VHLQH 3HUVRQ VLFK IKOWH HU DQJHVLFKWV VHLQHV NOHLQHQ
(UEIROJHUV VWHWV EHOHEHQGHU =XNXQIWVWUlXPH YRQ 7FKWLJNHLW
SUDNWLVFKHU XQG XQEHIDQJHQHU $UEHLW (UIROJ (UZHUE 0DFKW
5HLFKWXP XQG (KUHQ IlKLJ ZDU MD GD‰ DQ GLHVHU HLQHQ 6WHOOH VHLQ
HUNDOWHWHV XQG NQVWOLFKHV /HEHQ ]X ZDUPHP XQG DXIULFKWLJHP
6RUJHQ)XUFKWHQXQG+RIIHQZXUGH
:LHZHQQHUVHOEVWQRFKGHUHLQVWDXIVHLQHDOWHQ7DJHYRQHLQHP
5XKHZLQNHO DXV GHQ :LHGHUEHJLQQ GHU DOWHQ =HLW GHU =HLW YRQ
+DQQR¶V8UJUR‰YDWHUHUEOLFNHQGXUIWH":DUGLHVH+RIIQXQJGHQQVR
JlQ]OLFK XQP|JOLFK" (U KDWWH GLH 0XVLN DOV VHLQH )HLQGLQ
HPSIXQGHQ DEHU KDWWH HV GHQQ LQ :LUNOLFKNHLW HLQH VR HUQVWH
%HZDQGWQLVGDPLW"=XJHJHEHQGD‰GLH/LHEHGHV-XQJHQ]XPIUHLHQ
6SLHOHRKQH1RWHQYRQHLQHUQLFKWJDQ]JHZ|KQOLFKHQ9HUDQODJXQJ
=HXJQLV JDE  LP UHJHOUHFKWHQ 8QWHUULFKWH EHL +HUUQ 3IXKO ZDU HU
NHLQHVZHJVDX‰HURUGHQWOLFKZHLWYRUJHVFKULWWHQ'LH0XVLNGDVZDU
NHLQH )UDJH ZDU GHU (LQIOX‰ VHLQHU 0XWWHU XQG NHLQ :XQGHU GD‰
ZlKUHQG GHU HUVWHQ .LQGHUMDKUH GLHVHU (LQIOX‰ EHUZRJHQ KDWWH
$EHU GLH =HLW EHJDQQ GD HLQHP 9DWHU *HOHJHQKHLW JHJHEHQ ZLUG
DXFKVHLQHUVHLWVDXIVHLQHQ6RKQ]XZLUNHQLKQHLQZHQLJDXIVHLQH


6HLWH]X]LHKHQXQGPLWPlQQOLFKHQ*HJHQHLQGUFNHQGLHELVKHULJHQ
ZHLEOLFKHQ (LQIOVVH ]X QHXWUDOLVLHUHQ 8QG GHU 6HQDWRU ZDU
HQWVFKORVVHQNHLQHVROFKH*HOHJHQKHLWXQEHQXW]W]XODVVHQ
+DQQR QXQHOIMlKULJ ZDU ]X 2VWHUQ HEHQVR ZLH VHLQ )UHXQG GHU
NOHLQH *UDI 0|OOQ PLW JHQDXHU 1RW XQG ]ZHL 1DFKSUIXQJHQ LP
5HFKQHQ XQG LQ GHU *HRJUDSKLH QDFK 4XDUWD YHUVHW]W ZRUGHQ (V
VWDQG IHVW GD‰ HU GLH 5HDONODVVHQ EHVXFKHQ VROOWH GHQQ GD‰ HU
.DXIPDQQ ZHUGHQ XQG GHUHLQVW GLH )LUPD EHUQHKPHQ PX‰WH ZDU
VHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFK XQG )UDJHQ VHLQHV 9DWHUV RE HU /XVW ]X VHLQHP
NQIWLJHQ %HUXIH LQ VLFK YHUVSUH EHDQWZRUWHWH HU PLW -D« HLQHP
HLQIDFKHQ HWZDV VFKHXHQ -D RKQH =XVDW] GDV GHU 6HQDWRU GXUFK
ZHLWHUHGUlQJHQGH )UDJHQ HLQ ZHQLJ OHEKDIWHU XQGDXVIKUOLFKHU ]X
PDFKHQVXFKWH±XQG]ZDUPHLVWHQVYHUJHEHQV
+lWWH6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRN]ZHL6|KQHEHVHVVHQVR KlWWHHU GHQ
MQJHUHQ RKQH )UDJH GDV *\PQDVLXP DEVROYLHUHQ XQG VWXGLHUHQ
ODVVHQ $EHU GLH )LUPD YHUODQJWH HLQHQ (UEHQ XQG DEJHVHKHQ
KLHUYRQJODXEWHHUGHP.OHLQHQHLQH:RKOWDW]XHUZHLVHQZHQQHU
LKQGHUXQQ|WLJHQ0KHQPLWGHP*ULHFKLVFKHQEHUKRE(UZDUGHU
0HLQXQJ GD‰ GDV 5HDOSHQVXP OHLFKWHU ]X EHZlOWLJHQ VHL XQG GD‰
+DQQR PLW VHLQHU RIW VFKZHUIlOOLJHQ $XIIDVVXQJ VHLQHU
WUlXPHULVFKHQ 8QDXIPHUNVDPNHLW XQG VHLQHU N|USHUOLFKHQ =DUWKHLW
GLHLKQDOO]XRIWQ|WLJWHGLH6FKXOH]XYHUVlXPHQLQGHQ5HDONODVVHQ
RKQH hEHUDQVWUHQJXQJ VFKQHOOHU XQG HKUHQYROOHU YRUZlUWVNRPPHQ
ZHUGH6ROOWHGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRNHLQVWPDOVGDVOHLVWHQ
ZR]X HU EHUXIHQ ZDU XQG ZDV GLH 6HLQHQ YRQ LKP HUKRIIWHQ VR
PX‰WHPDQYRUDOOHPGDUDXIEHGDFKWVHLQVHLQHQLFKWHEHQNUlIWLJH
.RQVWLWXWLRQ GXUFK 5FNVLFKWQDKPH HLQHUVHLWV XQG GXUFK UDWLRQHOOH
3IOHJHXQG$EKlUWXQJDQGHUHUVHLWV]XIHVWLJHQXQG]XKHEHQ«
0LW VHLQHP EUDXQHQ +DDU GDV HU MHW]W VHLWZlUWV JHVFKHLWHOW XQG
VFKUlJ YRQ VHLQHU ZHL‰HQ 6WLUQ ]XUFNJHEUVWHW WUXJ GDV DEHU
GHQQRFK GDQDFK VWUHEWH VLFK LQ ZHLFKHQ /RFNHQ WLHI EHU GLH
6FKOlIHQ ]X VFKPLHJHQ PLW VHLQHQ ODQJHQ EUDXQHQ :LPSHUQ XQG
VHLQHQ JROGEUDXQHQ $XJHQ VWDFK -RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN DXI GHP
6FKXOKRI XQG DXI GHU 6WUD‰H WURW] VHLQHV .RSHQKDJHQHU
0DWURVHQDQ]XJHV VWHWV HLQ ZHQLJ IUHPGDUWLJ XQWHU GHQ KHOOEORQGHQ
XQG VWDKOEODXlXJLJHQ VNDQGLQDYLVFKHQ 7\SHQ VHLQHU .DPHUDGHQ
KHUYRU (U ZDU LQ OHW]WHU =HLW ]LHPOLFK VWDUN JHZDFKVHQ DEHU VHLQH


%HLQH LQ GHQ VFKZDU]HQ 6WUPSIHQ XQG VHLQH $UPH LQ GHQ
GXQNHOEODXHQEDXVFKLJHQXQGJHVWHSSWHQbUPHOQZDUHQVFKPDOXQG
ZHLFK ZLH GLH HLQHV 0lGFKHQV XQG QRFK LPPHU ODJHQ ZLH EHL
VHLQHU0XWWHUGLHEOlXOLFKHQ6FKDWWHQLQGHQ:LQNHOQVHLQHU$XJHQ
 GLHVHU $XJHQ GLH EHVRQGHUV ZHQQ VLH VHLWZlUWV JHULFKWHW ZDUHQ
PLW HLQHP VR ]DJHQ XQG DEOHKQHQGHQ $XVGUXFN GDUHLQEOLFNWHQ
ZlKUHQG VHLQ 0XQG VLFK QRFK LPPHU DXI MHQH ZHKPWLJH $UW
JHVFKORVVHQ KLHOW RGHU ZlKUHQG +DQQR QDFKGHQNOLFK GLH
=XQJHQVSLW]HDQHLQHP=lKQHVFKHXHUWHGHPHUPL‰WUDXWHPLWOHLFKW
YHU]HUUWHQ/LSSHQXQGHLQHU0LHQHDOVIU|UHLKQ«
:LHPDQYRQ'RNWRU/DQJKDOVHUIXKUGHUMHW]WGLH3UD[LVGHVDOWHQ
'RNWRU *UDERZ JlQ]OLFK EHUQRPPHQ KDWWH XQG +DXVDU]W EHL
%XGGHQEURRNV ZDU KDWWH +DQQR¶V XQ]XOlQJOLFKHU .UlIWH]XVWDQG
VRZLH GLH %OlVVH VHLQHU +DXW LKUHQ WULIWLJHQ *UXQG XQG GLHVHU
EHVWDQG GDULQ GD‰ GHU 2UJDQLVPXV GHV .OHLQHQ OHLGHU GLH VR
ZLFKWLJHQ URWHQ %OXWN|USHUFKHQ LQ QLFKW JHQJHQGHU $Q]DKO
SURGX]LHUWH 'LHVHU 8Q]XWUlJOLFKNHLW ]X VWHXHUQ DEHU JDE HV HLQ
0LWWHOHLQJDQ]YRUWUHIIOLFKHV0LWWHOGDV'RNWRU/DQJKDOVLQJUR‰HQ
0HQJHQ YHURUGQHWH /HEHUWUDQ JXWHU JHOEHU IHWWHU GLFNIOVVLJHU
'RUVFKOHEHUWUDQ GHU DXV HLQHP 3RU]HOODQO|IIHO ]ZHLPDO WlJOLFK ]X
QHKPHQZDUXQGDXIHQWVFKLHGHQHQ%HIHKOGHV6HQDWRUVVRUJWH ,GD
-XQJPDQQPLWOLHEHYROOHU6WUHQJHGDIUGD‰GLHVSQNWOLFKJHVFKDK
$QIDQJV ]ZDU HUEUDFK VLFK +DQQR QDFK MHGHP /|IIHO XQG VHLQ
0DJHQ VFKLHQ GHQ JXWHQ 'RUVFKOHEHUWUDQ QLFKW EHKHUEHUJHQ ]X
N|QQHQ DEHU HU JHZ|KQWH VLFK GDUDQ XQG ZHQQ PDQ JOHLFK QDFK
GHP1LHGHUVFKOXFNHQHLQ6WFN5RJJHQEURWPLWDQJHKDOWHQHP$WHP
LP0XQGH]HUNDXWHVRZDUGGHU(NHOHLQZHQLJEHUXKLJW
$OOHEULJHQ%HVFKZHUGHQZDUHQMDQXU)ROJHHUVFKHLQXQJHQGLHVHV
0DQJHOVDQURWHQ%OXWN|USHUFKHQªVHNXQGlUH(UVFKHLQXQJHQ©ZLH
'RNWRU /DQJKDOV VDJWH LQGHP HU VHLQH )LQJHUQlJHO EHVDK $OOHLQ
DXFK GLHVHQ VHNXQGlUHQ (UVFKHLQXQJHQ PX‰WH XQQDFKVLFKWLJ ]X
/HLEHJHJDQJHQZHUGHQ8PGLH=lKQH]XEHKDQGHOQ]XIOOHQXQG
JHJHEHQHQ )DOOHV ]X H[WUDKLHUHQ GD]X ZRKQWH +HUU %UHFKW PLW
VHLQHP -RVHSKXV LQ GHU 0KOHQVWUD‰H XQG XP GLH 9HUGDXXQJ ]X
UHJXOLHUHQ JDE HV 5L]LQXV|O DXI GHU :HOW JXWHV GLFNHV
VLOEHUEODQNHV 5L]LQXV|O ZHOFKHV DXV HLQHP (‰O|IIHO JHQRPPHQ
ZLHHLQVFKOSIULJHU0ROFKGXUFKGLH.HKOHJOLWVFKWHXQGGDV PDQ


GUHL 7DJH ODQJ URFK VFKPHFNWH LP 6FKOXQGH VSUWH ZR PDQ JLQJ
XQG VWDQG« $FK ZDUXP ZDU GDV DOOHV GRFK VR XQEHUZLQGOLFK
ZLGHUOLFK" (LQ HLQ]LJHV 0DO ± +DQQR KDWWH UHFKW NUDQN ]X %HWWH
JHOHJHQ XQG VHLQ +HU] KDWWH VLFK EHVRQGHUH 8QUHJHOPl‰LJNHLWHQ
]XVFKXOGHQ NRPPHQ ODVVHQ  ZDU 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV PLW HLQHU
JHZLVVHQ1HUYRVLWlW]XU9HUVFKUHLEXQJHLQHV0LWWHOVJHVFKULWWHQGDV
GHP NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ )UHXGH JHPDFKW XQG LKP VR XQYHUJOHLFKOLFK
ZRKOJHWDQ KDWWH XQG GDV ZDUHQ $UVHQLNSLOOHQ JHZHVHQ +DQQR
IUDJWH LQ GHU )ROJH RIWPDOV GDQDFK YRQ HLQHP EHLQDKH ]lUWOLFKHQ
%HGUIQLV QDFK GLHVHQ NOHLQHQ V‰HQ EHJOFNHQGHQ 3LOOHQ
JHWULHEHQ$EHUHUHUKLHOWVLHQLFKWPHKU
/HEHUWUDQXQG5L]LQXV|OZDUHQJXWH'LQJHDEHUGDQQZDU'RNWRU
/DQJKDOV YROOVWlQGLJ PLW GHP 6HQDWRU HLQLJ GD‰ VLH DOOHP QLFKW
KLQUHLFKWHQGHQNOHLQHQ-RKDQQ]XHLQHPWFKWLJHQXQGZHWWHUIHVWHQ
0DQQH ]X PDFKHQ ZHQQ HU VHOEVW QLFKW GDV 6HLQH GD]X WlWH 'D
ZDUHQ]XP%HLVSLHOJHOHLWHWYRQGHP7XUQOHKUHU+HUUQ3ULWVFKHGLH
¾7XUQVSLHOH½ GLH ]XU 6RPPHUV]HLW DOOZ|FKHQWOLFK GUDX‰HQ DXI GHP
%XUJIHOGHYHUDQVWDOWHWZXUGHQXQGGHUPlQQOLFKHQ-XJHQGGHU6WDGW
*HOHJHQKHLW JDEHQ 0XW .UDIW *HZDQGWKHLW XQG *HLVWHVJHJHQZDUW
]X ]HLJHQ XQG ]X SIOHJHQ $EHU ]XP =RUQH VHLQHV 9DWHUV OHJWH
+DQQRQLFKWVDOV:LGHUZLOOHQHLQHQVWXPPHQUHVHUYLHUWHQEHLQDKH
KRFKPWLJHQ:LGHUZLOOHQJHJHQVROFKHJHVXQGHQ8QWHUKDOWXQJHQDQ
GHQ7DJ:DUXPKDWWHHUVRJDUNHLQH)KOXQJPLWVHLQHQ.ODVVHQ
XQG $OWHUVJHQRVVHQ PLW GHQHQ HU VSlWHU ]X OHEHQ XQG ]X ZLUNHQ
KDEHQ ZXUGH" :DUXP KRFNWH HU EHVWlQGLJ QXU PLW GLHVHP NOHLQHQ
KDOE JHZDVFKHQHQ .DL ]XVDPPHQ GHU MD HLQ JXWHV .LQG DEHU
LPPHUKLQ HLQH HWZDV ]ZHLIHOKDIWH ([LVWHQ] XQG NDXP HLQH
)UHXQGVFKDIW IU GLH =XNXQIW ZDU" $XI LUJHQGHLQH :HLVH PX‰ HLQ
.QDEH VLFK GDV 9HUWUDXHQ XQG GHQ 5HVSHNW VHLQHU 8PJHEXQJ GLH
PLWLKPDXIZDFKVWXQGDXIGHUHQ6FKlW]XQJHUIUVHLQJDQ]HV/HEHQ
DQJHZLHVHQ LVW YRQ $QIDQJ DQ ]X JHZLQQHQ ZLVVHQ 'D ZDUHQ GLH
EHLGHQ 6|KQH GHV .RQVXOV +DJHQVWU|P YLHU]HKQ XQG ]Z|OIMlKULJ
]ZHL3UDFKWNHUOHGLFNVWDUNXQGEHUPWLJGLHLQGHQ*HK|O]HQGHU
8PJHJHQGUHJHOUHFKWH)DXVWGXHOOHYHUDQVWDOWHWHQGLHEHVWHQ7XUQHU
GHU6FKXOHZDUHQVFKZDPPHQZLHGLH6HHKXQGH=LJDUUHQUDXFKWHQ
XQG ]X MHGHU 6FKDQGWDW EHUHLW ZDUHQ 6LH ZDUHQ JHIUFKWHW EHOLHEW
XQG UHVSHNWLHUW ,KUH &RXVLQV GLH EHLGHQ 6|KQH GHV 6WDDWVDQZDOWHV


'RNWRU 0RULW] +DJHQVWU|P DQGHUHUVHLWV YRQ ]DUWHUHU .RQVWLWXWLRQ
XQGVDQIWHUHQ6LWWHQ]HLFKQHWHQVLFKDXIJHLVWLJHP*HELHWHDXVXQG
ZDUHQ 0XVWHUVFKOHU HKUJHL]LJ GHYRW VWLOO XQG ELHQHQIOHL‰LJ
EHEHQG DXIPHUNVDP XQG EHLQDKH YHU]HKUW YRQ GHU %HJLHU VWHWV
3ULPXV ]X VHLQ XQG GDV =HXJQLV 1XPHUR (LQV ]X HUKDOWHQ 6LH
HUKLHOWHQHVXQGJHQRVVHQGLH$FKWXQJLKUHUGPPHUHQXQGIDXOHUHQ
*HQRVVHQ:DVDEHUPRFKWHQJDQ] DEJHVHKHQ YRQ VHLQHQ /HKUHUQ
VHLQH 0LWVFKOHU YRQ +DQQR KDOWHQ GHU HLQ K|FKVW PLWWHOPl‰LJHU
6FKOHUZDUXQGREHQGUHLQHLQ:HLFKOLQJZHOFKHUDOOHPZR]XHLQ
ZHQLJ 0XW .UDIW *HZDQGWKHLW XQG 0XQWHUNHLW JHK|UWH VFKHX DXV
GHP :HJH ]X JHKHQ VXFKWH" 8QG ZHQQ 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN DXI
GHP:HJH]XVHLQHP$QNOHLGH]LPPHUDQGHP$OWDQLQGHU]ZHLWHQ
(WDJHYRUEHUJLQJVRK|UWHHUDXVGHPPLWWOHUHQGHUGUHLGRUWREHQ
JHOHJHQHQ=LPPHUGDV+DQQR¶VZDUVHLWGHPHU]XJUR‰JHZRUGHQ
EHL,GD-XQJPDQQ]XVFKODIHQGLH7|QHGHV+DUPRQLXPVRGHU.DLV
KDOEODXWHXQGJHKHLPQLVYROOH6WLPPHGLHHLQH*HVFKLFKWHHU]lKOWH
:DV.DLEHWUDIVRPLHGHUGLH¾7XUQVSLHOH½ZHLOHUGLH'LV]LSOLQ
XQG JHVHW]Pl‰LJH 2UGQXQJ YHUDEVFKHXWH GLH GDEHL EHREDFKWHW
ZHUGHQ PX‰WH ª1HLQ +DQQR© VDJWH HU ªLFK JHKH QLFKW KLQ 'X
YLHOOHLFKW" +RO¶V GHU *HLHU $OOHV ZDV HLQHP 6SD‰ GDEHL PDFKHQ
ZUGH GDV JLOW QLFKW© 6ROFKH 5HGHZHQGXQJHQ ZLH ª+RO¶V GHU
*HLHU© KDWWH HU YRQ VHLQHP 9DWHU +DQQR DEHU DQWZRUWHWH ª:HQQ
+HUU3ULWVFKHHLQHQ7DJQDFKHWZDVDQGHUHPU|FKHDOVQDFK6FKZHL‰
XQG %LHU VR OLH‰H VLFK EHU GLH 6DFKH UHGHQ -D QXQ OD‰ GDV QXU
.DL XQG HU]lKOH ZHLWHU 'DV PLW GHP 5LQJH GHQ GX DXV GHP
6XPSIH KROWHVW ZDU QRFK ODQJH QLFKW IHUWLJ© ± ª*XW© VDJWH .DL
ªDEHU ZHQQ LFK ZLQNH VR PX‰W GX VSLHOHQ © 8QG .DL IXKU IRUW ]X
HU]lKOHQ
'XUIWH PDQ LKP JODXEHQ VR ZDU HU YRU HLQLJHU =HLW EHL VFKZOHU
1DFKWXQGLQIUHPGHUXQNHQQWOLFKHU*HJHQGHLQHQVFKOSIULJHQXQG
XQHUPH‰OLFK WLHIHQ $EKDQJ KLQDEJHJOLWWHQ DQ GHVVHQ )X‰H HU LP
IDKOHQ XQG IODFNHUQGHQ 6FKHLQ YRQ ,UUOLFKWHUQ HLQ VFKZDU]HV
6XPSIJHZlVVHU JHIXQGHQ KDWWH DXV GHP PLW KRKO JOXFNVHQGHP
*HUlXVFKXQDXIK|UOLFKVLOEHUEODQNH%ODVHQDXIJHVWLHJHQZDUHQ(LQH
DEHUGDYRQGLHQDKHGHP8IHUEHVWlQGLJZLHGHUJHNHKUWZDUVRRIW
VLH]HUVSUXQJHQKDWWHGLH)RUPHLQHV5LQJHVJHKDEWXQGGLHVHKDWWH
HU QDFK ODQJHQ JHIDKUYROOHQ %HPKXQJHQ PLW GHU +DQG ]X


HUKDVFKHQYHUVWDQGHQZRUDXIVLHQLFKWPHKU]HUSODW]WZDUVRQGHUQ
VLFKDOVJODWWHUXQGIHVWHU5HLIKDWWHDQGHQ)LQJHUVWHFNHQODVVHQ(U
DEHU GHU PLW 5HFKW GLHVHP 5LQJH XQJHZ|KQOLFKH (LJHQVFKDIWHQ
]XJHWUDXW KDWWH ZDU PLW VHLQHU +LOIH GHQ VWHLOHQ XQG VFKOSIULJHQ
$EKDQJ ZLHGHU HPSRUJHODQJW XQG KDWWH XQZHLW GDYRQ LP U|WOLFKHQ
1HEHO HLQ VFKZDU]HV WRWHQVWLOOHV XQG XQJHKHXHUOLFK EHZDFKWHV
6FKOR‰JHIXQGHQLQGDVHUHLQJHGUXQJHQZDUXQGLQGHPHULPPHU
PLW +LOIH GHV 5LQJHV GLH GDQNHQVZHUWHVWHQ (QW]DXEHUXQJHQ XQG
(UO|VXQJHQ YRUJHQRPPHQ KDWWH ,Q GHQ VHOWVDPVWHQ $XJHQEOLFNHQ
DEHUJULII+DQQRDXIVHLQHP+DUPRQLXPV‰H$NNRUGIROJHQ$XFK
ZXUGHQ VWDQGHQ QLFKW XQEHUZLQGOLFKH V]HQLVFKH 6FKZLHULJNHLWHQ
LP :HJH GLHVH (U]lKOXQJHQ PLW 0XVLNEHJOHLWXQJ DXI GHP
3XSSHQWKHDWHUGDUJHVWHOOW=XGHQ¾7XUQVSLHOHQ½DEHUJLQJ+DQQRQXU
DXI DXVGUFNOLFKHQ XQG VWUHQJHQ %HIHKO VHLQHV 9DWHUV XQG GDQQ
EHJOHLWHWHLKQGHUNOHLQH.DL
(V ZDU QLFKW DQGHUV PLW GHP 6FKOLWWVFKXKODXIHQ ]XU :LQWHUV]HLW
XQG PLW GHP %DGHQ LQ GHU K|O]HUQHQ $QVWDOW GHV +HUUQ $VPXVVHQ
XQWHQ DP )OX‰ LP 6RPPHU ª%DGHQ 6FKZLPPHQ© KDWWH 'RNWRU
/DQJKDOVJHVDJWª'HU-XQJHPX‰EDGHQXQGVFKZLPPHQ©8QGGHU
6HQDWRU ZDU YROOVWlQGLJ GDPLW HLQYHUVWDQGHQ JHZHVHQ :DV DEHU
KDXSWVlFKOLFK +DQQR YHUDQOD‰WH VLFK YRP %DGHQ VRZRKO ZLH YRP
6FKOLWWVFKXKODXIHQXQGYRQGHQ¾7XUQVSLHOHQ½VREDOGHVQXULPPHU
DQJLQJ IHUQ]XKDOWHQ ZDU GHU 8PVWDQG GD‰ GLH EHLGHQ 6|KQH GHV
.RQVXOV +DJHQVWU|P GLH VLFK DQ DOOHQ GLHVHQ 'LQJHQ HKUHQYROO
EHWHLOLJWHQ HV DXI LKQ DEJHVHKHQ KDWWHQ XQG REJOHLFK VLH GRFK LP
+DXVH VHLQHU *UR‰PXWWHU ZRKQWHQ NHLQH *HOHJHQKHLW YHUVlXPWHQ
LKQ PLW LKUHU 6WlUNH ]X GHPWLJHQ XQG ]X TXlOHQ 6LH NQLIIHQ XQG
YHUK|KQWHQ LKQ EHL GHQ ¾7XUQVSLHOHQ½ VLH VWLH‰HQ LKQ LQ GHQ
6FKQHHNHKULFKWDXIGHU(LVEDKQVLHNDPHQLP6FKZLPPEDVVLQPLW
EHGURKOLFKHQ /DXWHQ GXUFK GDV :DVVHU DXI LKQ ]X« +DQQR
YHUVXFKWHQLFKW]XHQWIOLHKHQZDVEULJHQVZHQLJQW]OLFKJHZHVHQ
ZlUH (U VWDQG GD PLW VHLQHQ 0lGFKHQDUPHQ ELV ]XP %DXFKH LQ
GHP ]LHPOLFK WUEHQ :DVVHU DXI GHVVHQ 2EHUIOlFKH KLH XQG GD
JUQH*HELOGHYRQ3IODQ]HQVRJHQDQQWHV*lQVHIXWWHUXPKHUWULHEHQ
XQGVDKPLW]XVDPPHQJH]RJHQHQ%UDXHQHLQHPILQVWHUHQ6HQNEOLFN
XQG OHLFKW YHU]HUUWHQ /LSSHQ GHQ EHLGHQ HQWJHJHQ GLH VLFKHU LKUHU
%HXWH PLW ODQJHQ VFKlXPHQGHQ 6SUXQJVFKULWWHQ GDKHUNDPHQ 6LH


KDWWHQ0XVNHOQDQGHQ$UPHQGLHEHLGHQ+DJHQVWU|PVXQGGDPLW
XPNODPPHUWHQVLHLKQXQGWDXFKWHQLKQWDXFKWHQLKQUHFKWODQJHVR
GD‰ HU ]LHPOLFK YLHO YRQ GHP XQUHLQOLFKHQ :DVVHU VFKOXFNWH XQG
ODQJH QDFKKHU VLFK KLQ XQG KHU ZHQGHQG QDFK $WHP UDQJ« (LQ
HLQ]LJHV 0DO ZDUG HU HLQ ZHQLJ JHUlFKW *HUDGH DOV LKQ QlPOLFK
HLQHV 1DFKPLWWDJV GLH EHLGHQ +DJHQVWU|PV XQWHU GLH :DVVHUIOlFKH
KLHOWHQ VWLH‰ GHU HLQH YRQ LKQHQ SO|W]OLFK HLQHQ :XW XQG
6FKPHU]HQVVFKUHLDXVXQGKREVHLQIOHLVFKLJHV%HLQHPSRUYRQGHP
GDV %OXW LQ JUR‰HQ 7URSIHQ UDQQ 1HEHQ LKP DEHU NDP .DL *UDI
0|OOQ ]XP 9RUVFKHLQ ZHOFKHU VLFK DXI LUJHQGHLQH :HLVH GDV
(LQWULWWVJHOG YHUVFKDIIW KDWWH XQYHUVHKHQV XQWHU :DVVHU
KHUEHLJHVFKZRPPHQZDUXQGGHQMXQJHQ+DJHQVWU|PJHELVVHQPLW
DOOHQ =lKQHQ LQV %HLQ JHELVVHQ KDWWH ZLH HLQ NOHLQHU ZWHQGHU
+XQG 6HLQH EODXHQ $XJHQ EOLW]WHQ GXUFK GDV U|WOLFKEORQGH +DDU
GDV QD‰ GDUEHU KLQJ« $FK HV HUJLQJ LKP VFKOHFKW IU VHLQH 7DW
GHP NOHLQHQ *UDIHQ XQG EHO ]XJHULFKWHW VWLHJ HU DXV GHP %DVVLQ
$OOHLQ .RQVXO +DJHQVWU|PV VWDUNHU 6RKQ KLQNWH GRFK EHWUlFKWOLFK
DOVHUQDFK+DXVHJLQJ«
1lKUHQGH0LWWHOXQGN|USHUOLFKHhEXQJHQDOOHU$UW±GDVZDUGLH
*UXQGODJH YRQ 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRNV VRUJHQGHQ %HPKXQJHQ XP
VHLQHQ6RKQ1LFKWPLQGHUDXIPHUNVDPDEHUWUDFKWHWHHUGDQDFKLKQ
JHLVWLJ ]X EHHLQIOXVVHQ XQG LKQ PLW OHEHQGLJHQ (LQGUFNHQ DXV GHU
SUDNWLVFKHQ:HOW]XYHUVHKHQIUGLHHUEHVWLPPWZDU
(U ILQJ DQ LKQ HLQ ZHQLJ LQ GDV %HUHLFK VHLQHU ]XNQIWLJHQ
7lWLJNHLWHLQ]XIKUHQHUQDKPLKQPLWVLFKDXI*HVFKlIWVJlQJH]XP
+DIHQKLQXQWHUXQGOLH‰LKQGDEHLVWHKHQZHQQHUDP4XDLPLWGHQ
/|VFKDUEHLWHUQ LQ HLQHP *HPLVFK YRQ 'lQLVFK XQG 3ODWWGHXWVFK
SODXGHUWH LQ GHQ NOHLQHQ ILQVWHUHQ 6SHLFKHUFRPSWRLUV PLW GHQ
*HVFKlIWVIKUHUQ NRQIHULHUWH RGHU GUDX‰HQ GHQ 0lQQHUQ HLQHQ
%HIHKO HUWHLOWH GLH PLW KRKOHQ XQG ODQJJH]RJHQHQ 5XIHQ GLH
.RUQVlFNH ]X GHQ %|GHQ KLQDXIZDQGHQ« )U 7KRPDV
%XGGHQEURRN VHOEVW ZDU GLHVHV 6WFN :HOW DP +DIHQ ]ZLVFKHQ
6FKLIIHQ 6FKXSSHQ XQG 6SHLFKHUQ ZR HV QDFK %XWWHU )LVFKHQ
:DVVHU7HHUXQGJH|OWHP(LVHQURFKYRQNOHLQDXIGHUOLHEVWHXQG
LQWHUHVVDQWHVWH $XIHQWKDOW JHZHVHQ XQG GD )UHXGH XQG 7HLOQDKPH
GDUDQVLFKEHLVHLQHP6RKQHYRQVHOEVWQLFKWlX‰HUWHQVRPX‰WHHU
GDUDXIEHGDFKWVHLQVLH]XZHFNHQ«:LHKLH‰HQQXQGLH'DPSIHU


GLHPLW.RSHQKDJHQYHUNHKUWHQ"1DMDGHQ«+DOPVWDGW«)ULHGHULNH
2HYHUGLHFN«ª1XQGD‰GXZHQLJVWHQVGLHVHZHL‰WPHLQ-XQJHGDV
LVW VFKRQ HWZDV $XFK GLH DQGHUHQ ZLUVW GX GLU QRFK PHUNHQ« -D
YRQGHQ/HXWHQGLHGDGLH6lFNHKLQDXIZLQGHQKHL‰HQPDQFKHZLH
GXPHLQ/LHEHUZHLOVLHQDFKGHLQHP*UR‰YDWHUJHWDXIWVLQG8QG
XQWHULKUHQ.LQGHUQNRPPWKlXILJPHLQ1DPH YRU« XQG DXFK GHU
YRQ 0DPD« 0DQ VFKHQNW LKQHQ GDQQ MlKUOLFK HLQH .OHLQLJNHLW«
6RDQGLHVHP6SHLFKHUJHKHQZLUYRUEHUXQGUHGHQQLFKWPLWGHQ
0lQQHUQGDKDEHQZLUQLFKWV]XVDJHQGDVLVWHLQ.RQNXUUHQW«©
ª:LOOVW GX QLFKW PLWNRPPHQ +DQQR"© VDJWH HU HLQ DQGHUPDO«
ª(LQ QHXHV 6FKLII GDV ]X XQVHUHU 5HHGHUHL JHK|UW OlXIW KHXWH
QDFKPLWWDJYRP6WDSHO,FKWDXIHHV«+DVWGX/XVW"©
8QG +DQQR JDE DQ GD‰ HU /XVW KDEH (U JLQJ PLW XQG K|UWH GLH
7DXIUHGHVHLQHV9DWHUVVDK ]X ZLHHUHLQH &KDPSDJQHUIODVFKH DP
%XJ]HUVFKHOOWHXQGEOLFNWHPLW IUHPGHQ $XJHQ GHP 6FKLIIH QDFK
ZHOFKHV GLH JlQ]OLFK PLW JUQHU 6HLIH EHVFKPLHUWH VFKLHIH (EHQH
KLQDEXQGLQGDVKRFKDXIVFKlXPHQGH:DVVHUJOLWW«
$Q JHZLVVHQ 7DJHQ GHV -DKUHV DP 3DOPVRQQWDJ ZHQQ GLH
.RQILUPDWLRQHQ VWDWWIDQGHQ RGHU DP 1HXMDKUVWDJH XQWHUQDKP
6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN ]X :DJHQ HLQH7RXUQHH YRQ9LVLWHQLQ HLQHU
5HLKH YRQ +lXVHUQ GHQHQ HU JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFK YHUSIOLFKWHW ZDU XQG
GD VHLQH *DWWLQ HV YRU]RJ VLFK EHL VROFKHQ *HOHJHQKHLWHQ PLW
1HUYRVLWlWXQG0LJUlQH]XHQWVFKXOGLJHQVRIRUGHUWHHU+DQQRDXI
LKQ ]X EHJOHLWHQ 8QG +DQQR KDWWH DXFK KLHU]X /XVW (U VWLHJ ]X
VHLQHP9DWHULQGLH'URVFKNHXQGVD‰VWXPPDQVHLQHU6HLWHLQGHQ
(PSIDQJV]LPPHUQ LQGHP HU PLW VWLOOHQ $XJHQ VHLQ OHLFKWHV
WDNWVLFKHUHV XQG VR YHUVFKLHGHQDUWLJHV VR VRUJIlOWLJ DEJHW|QWHV
%HQHKPHQ JHJHQ GLH /HXWH EHREDFKWHWH (U VDK ]X ZLH HU GHP
2EHUVWOHXWQDQW XQG %H]LUNVNRPPDQGDQWHQ +HUUQ YRQ 5LQQOLQJHQ
ZHOFKHUEHLP$EVFKLHG EHWRQWH HU ZLVVH GLH (KUH GLHVHV %HVXFKHV
VHKU ZRKO ]X VFKlW]HQ PLW OLHEHQVZUGLJHU (UVFKURFNHQKHLW HLQHQ
$XJHQEOLFNGHQ$UPXPGLH6FKXOWHUQOHJWHZLHHUDQDQGHUHU6WHOOH
HLQHlKQOLFKH%HPHUNXQJUXKLJXQGHUQVWHQWJHJHQQDKPXQGVLHDQ
HLQHU GULWWHQ PLW HLQHP LURQLVFK EHUWULHEHQHQ *HJHQNRPSOLPHQW
DEZHKUWH«$OOHVPLWHLQHUIRUPDOHQ9HUVLHUWKHLWGHV:RUWHVXQGGHU
*HElUGH GLH HU HUVLFKWOLFK JHUQ GHU %HZXQGHUXQJ VHLQHV 6RKQHV
SURGX]LHUWHXQGYRQGHUHUVLFKXQWHUULFKWHQGH:LUNXQJYHUVSUDFK


$EHU GHU NOHLQH -RKDQQ VDK PHKU DOV HU VHKHQ VROOWH XQG VHLQH
$XJHQ GLHVH VFKFKWHUQHQ JROGEUDXQHQ EOlXOLFK XPVFKDWWHWHQ
$XJHQ EHREDFKWHWHQ ]X JXW (U VDK QLFKW QXU GLH VLFKHUH
/LHEHQVZUGLJNHLWGLHVHLQ9DWHUDXIDOOHZLUNHQOLH‰HUVDKDXFK
VDKHVPLWHLQHPVHOWVDPHQTXlOHQGHQ6FKDUIEOLFN ZLHIXUFKWEDU
VFKZHU VLH ]X PDFKHQ ZDU ZLH VHLQ 9DWHU QDFK MHGHU 9LVLWH
ZRUWNDUJHUXQGEOHLFKHUPLWJHVFKORVVHQHQ$XJHQGHUHQ/LGHUVLFK
JHU|WHW KDWWHQ LQ GHU :DJHQHFNH OHKQWH XQG PLW (QWVHW]HQ LP
+HU]HQHUOHEWHHUHVGD‰DXIGHU6FKZHOOHGHVQlFKVWHQ+DXVHVHLQH
0DVNH EHU HEHQ GLHVHV *HVLFKW JOLWW LPPHU DXIV QHXH HLQH
SO|W]OLFKH (ODVWL]LWlW LQ GLH %HZHJXQJHQ HEHQ GLHVHV HUPGHWHQ
.|USHUV NDP 'DV $XIWUHWHQ 5HGHQ 6LFKEHQHKPHQ :LUNHQ XQG
+DQGHOQ XQWHU 0HQVFKHQ VWHOOWH VLFK GHP NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ QLFKW DOV
HLQ QDLYHV QDWUOLFKHV XQG KDOE XQEHZX‰WHV 9HUWUHWHQ SUDNWLVFKHU
,QWHUHVVHQ GDU GLH PDQ PLW DQGHUHQ JHPHLQ KDW XQG JHJHQ DQGHUH
GXUFKVHW]HQ ZLOO VRQGHUQ DOV HLQH $UW YRQ 6HOEVW]ZHFN HLQH
EHZX‰WH XQG NQVWOLFKH $QVWUHQJXQJ EHL ZHOFKHU DQVWDWW GHU
DXIULFKWLJHQ XQG HLQIDFKHQ LQQHUHQ %HWHLOLJXQJ HLQH IXUFKWEDU
VFKZLHULJH XQG DXIUHLEHQGH 9LUWXRVLWlW IU +DOWXQJ XQG 5FNJUDW
DXINRPPHQPX‰WH8QGEHLGHP*HGDQNHQPDQHUZDUWHGD‰DXFK
HUGHUHLQVWLQ|IIHQWOLFKHQ9HUVDPPOXQJHQDXIWUHWHQXQGXQWHUGHP
'UXFN DOOHU %OLFNH PLW :RUW XQG *HElUGH WlWLJ VHLQ VROOWH VFKOR‰
+DQQRPLWHLQHP6FKDXGHUDQJVWYROOHQ:LGHUVWUHEHQVVHLQH$XJHQ
$FK GDV ZDU GLH :LUNXQJ QLFKW GLH 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN YRQ
GHP (LQIOX‰ VHLQHU 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW DXI VHLQHQ 6RKQ HUKRIIWH
8QEHIDQJHQKHLW YLHOPHKU 5FNVLFKWVORVLJNHLW XQG HLQHQ HLQIDFKHQ
6LQQ IU GDV SUDNWLVFKH /HEHQ LQ LKP ]X HUZHFNHQ DXI QLFKWV
DQGHUHV ZDUHQ DOO VHLQH *HGDQNHQ JHULFKWHW ª'X VFKHLQVW JHUQ JXW
]X OHEHQ PHLQ /LHEHU© VDJWH HU ZHQQ +DQQR HLQH ]ZHLWH 3RUWLRQ
'HVVHUW RGHU HLQH KDOEH 7DVVH .DIIHH QDFK GHP (VVHQ HUEDW ª'D
PX‰W GX HLQ WFKWLJHU .DXIPDQQ ZHUGHQ XQG YLHO *HOG YHUGLHQHQ
:LOOVWGXGDV"©8QGGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQDQWZRUWHWHª-D©
'DQQXQGZDQQZHQQGLH)DPLOLHEHLP6HQDWRU]X7LVFKHJHEHWHQ
ZDUXQG7DQWH$QWRQLHRGHU2QNHO&KULVWLDQQDFKDOWHU*HZRKQKHLW
VLFKEHUGLHDUPH7DQWH.ORWKLOGHOXVWLJ]XPDFKHQXQGLQGHULKU
HLJHQHQODQJJHGHKQWHQXQGGHPWLJIUHXQGOLFKHQ6SUDFKHPLWLKU]X
UHGHQ EHJDQQHQ VR NRQQWH HV JHVFKHKHQ GD‰ +DQQR XQWHU GHU


(LQZLUNXQJGHVXQDOOWlJOLFKVFKZHUHQ5RWZHLQHVHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFN
DXFK VHLQHUVHLWV LQ GLHVHQ 7RQ JHULHW XQG VLFK PLW LUJHQGHLQHU
0RNHULH DQ 7DQWH .ORWKLOGH ZDQGWH 'DQQ ODFKWH 7KRPDV
%XGGHQEURRN  HLQ ODXWHV KHU]OLFKHV HUPXQWHUQGHV IDVW GDQNEDUHV
/DFKHQ ZLH HLQ 0HQVFK GHP HLQH KRFKHUIUHXOLFKH KHLWHUH
*HQXJWXXQJ ]XWHLO JHZRUGHQ LVW MD HU ILQJ DQ VHLQHQ 6RKQ ]X
XQWHUVWW]HQXQGVHOEVWLQGLH1HFNHUHLHLQ]XVWLPPHQXQGGRFKKDWWH
HU VLFK HLJHQWOLFK VHLW -DKU XQG 7DJ GLHVHV 7RQHV JHJHQ GLH DUPH
9HUZDQGWH EHJHEHQ (V ZDU VR ELOOLJ VR JlQ]OLFK JHIDKUORV VHLQH
hEHUOHJHQKHLW EHU GLH EHVFKUlQNWH GHPWLJH PDJHUH XQG LPPHU
KXQJULJH .ORWKLOGH JHOWHQG ]X PDFKHQ GD‰ HU HV WURW] DOOHU
+DUPORVLJNHLW GLH GDEHL KHUUVFKWH DOV JHPHLQ HPSIDQG 0LW
:LGHUVWUHEHQ HPSIDQG HU HV VR PLW MHQHP YHU]ZHLIHOWHQ
:LGHUVWUHEHQ GDV HU DOOWlJOLFK LP SUDNWLVFKHQ /HEHQ VHLQHU
VNUXSXO|VHQ1DWXUHQWJHJHQVHW]HQPX‰WHZHQQHUHVZLHGHUHLQPDO
QLFKW IDVVHQ QLFKW GDUEHU KLQZHJNRPPHQ NRQQWH ZLH HV P|JOLFK
VHL HLQH 6LWXDWLRQ ]X HUNHQQHQ ]X GXUFKVFKDXHQ XQG VLH GHQQRFK
RKQH6FKDPHPSILQGXQJDXV]XQXW]HQ
$EHU GLH 6LWXDWLRQ RKQH 6FKDPJHIKO DXV]XQXW]HQ VDJWH HU VLFK
GDV LVW /HEHQVWFKWLJNHLW $FK ZLH IURK ZLH JOFNOLFK ZLH
KRIIQXQJVYROO HQW]FNW HU EHU MHGHV JHULQJVWH $Q]HLFKHQ GLHVHU
/HEHQVWFKWLJNHLWZDUGDVGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQDQGHQ7DJOHJWH

'ULWWHV.DSLWHO

6HLW PDQFKHP -DKU KDWWHQ %XGGHQEURRNV VLFK GHU ZHLWHUHQ


VRPPHUOLFKHQ5HLVHQHQWZ|KQWGLHHKHPDOVEOLFKJHZHVHQZDUHQ
XQG VHOEVW DOV LP YRULJHQ )UKOLQJ GLH 6HQDWRULQ GHP :XQVFKH
JHIROJWZDULKUHQDOWHQ9DWHULQ$PVWHUGDP]XEHVXFKHQXQGQDFK
VRODQJHU=HLWHLQPDOZLHGHUHLQSDDU'XRVPLWLKP]XJHLJHQKDWWH
LKU *DWWH QXU LQ ]LHPOLFK ZRUWNDUJHU :HLVH VHLQH (LQZLOOLJXQJ
JHJHEHQ'D‰DEHU*HUGDGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQXQG)UlXOHLQ-XQJPDQQ
DOOMlKUOLFK IU GLH 'DXHU GHU 6RPPHUIHULHQ LQV .XUKDXV YRQ


7UDYHPQGH EHUVLHGHOWHQ ZDU KDXSWVlFKOLFK +DQQR¶V *HVXQGKHLW
ZHJHQGLH5HJHOJHEOLHEHQ
6RPPHUIHULHQ DQ GHU 6HH %HJULII ZRKO LUJHQG MHPDQG ZHLW XQG
EUHLW ZDV IU HLQ *OFN GDV EHGHXWHWH" 1DFK GHP VFKZHUIOVVLJHQ
XQG VRUJHQYROOHQ (LQHUOHL XQ]lKOLJHU 6FKXOWDJH YLHU :RFKHQ ODQJ
HLQH IULHGOLFKH XQG NXPPHUORVH $EJHVFKLHGHQKHLW HUIOOW YRQ
7DQJJHUXFKXQGGHP5DXVFKHQGHUVDQIWHQ%UDQGXQJ9LHU:RFKHQ
HLQH =HLW GLH DQ LKUHP %HJLQQH QLFKW ]X EHUVHKHQ XQG HUPHVVHQ
ZDU DQ GHUHQ (QGH ]X JODXEHQ XQP|JOLFK XQG YRQ GHUHQ (QGH ]X
VSUHFKHQHLQHOlVWHUOLFKH5RKHLWZDU1LHPDOVYHUVWDQGHVGHUNOHLQH
-RKDQQ ZLH GLHVHU RGHU MHQHU /HKUHU HV EHU VLFK JHZDQQ DP
6FKOXVVH GHV 8QWHUULFKWHV 5HGHZHQGXQJHQ ODXW ZHUGHQ ]X ODVVHQ
ZLHHWZDª+LHUZHUGHQZLUQDFKGHQ)HULHQIRUWIDKUHQXQG]XGHP
XQGGHPEHUJHKHQ© 1DFK GHQ )HULHQ (UVFKLHQ VLFK QRFKGDUDXI
]X IUHXHQ GLHVHU XQEHJUHLIOLFKH 0DQQ LP EODQNHQ .DPPJDUQURFN
1DFK GHQ )HULHQ :DU GDV EHUKDXSW HLQ *HGDQNH" 6R ZXQGHUYROO
ZHLW LQ JUDXH )HUQH HQWUFNW ZDU DOOHV ZDV MHQVHLWV GLHVHU YLHU
:RFKHQODJ
,Q HLQHP GHU EHLGHQ 6FKZHL]HUKlXVHU ZHOFKH GXUFK HLQHQ
VFKPDOHQ 0LWWHOEDX YHUEXQGHQ PLW GHU .RQGLWRUHL XQG GHP
+DXSWJHElXGHGHV.XUKDXVHVHLQHJHUDGH/LQLHELOGHWHQZHOFKHLQ
(UZDFKHQ DP HUVWHQ 0RUJHQ QDFKGHP WDJV ]XYRU HLQ 9RU]HLJHQ
GHV =HXJQLVVHV ZRKO RGHU EHO EHUVWDQGHQ XQG GLH )DKUW LQ GHU
EHSDFNWHQ 'URVFKNH ]XUFNJHOHJW ZDU (LQ XQEHVWLPPWHV
*OFNVJHIKOGDVLQVHLQHP.|USHUHPSRUVWLHJXQGVHLQ +HU] VLFK
]XVDPPHQ]LHKHQOLH‰VFKUHFNWHLKQDXIHU|IIQHWHGLH$XJHQXQG
XPID‰WH PLW HLQHP JLHULJHQ XQG VHOLJHQ %OLFN GLH DOWIUlQNLVFKHQ
0|EHO GHV UHLQOLFKHQ NOHLQHQ =LPPHUV (LQH 6HNXQGH
VFKODIWUXQNHQHUZRQQLJHU9HUZLUUXQJXQGGDQQEHJULIIHUGD‰HU
LQ7UDYHPQGHZDUIUYLHUXQHUPH‰OLFKH:RFKHQLQ7UDYHPQGH
(U UHJWH VLFK QLFKW HU ODJ VWLOO DXI GHP 5FNHQ LQ GHP VFKPDOHQ
JHOEK|O]HUQHQ%HWWHGHVVHQ /LQQHQ YRU $OWHUDX‰HURUGHQWOLFK GQQ
XQG ZHLFK ZDUHQ VFKOR‰ KLH XQG GD DXIV QHXH VHLQH $XJHQ XQG
IKOWH ZLH VHLQH %UXVW LQ WLHIHQ ODQJVDPHQ $WHP]JHQ YRU *OFN
XQG8QUXKHHU]LWWHUWH
'DV=LPPHUODJLQGHPJHOEOLFKHQ7DJHVOLFKWGDVVFKRQGXUFKGDV
JHVWUHLIWH5RXOHDXKHUHLQILHOZlKUHQGGRFKULQJVXPQRFKDOOHVVWLOO


ZDU XQG ,GD -XQJPDQQ VRZRKO ZLH 0DPD QRFK VFKOLHIHQ 1LFKWV
ZDU]XYHUQHKPHQDOVGDVJOHLFKPl‰LJHXQGIULHGOLFKH*HUlXVFKPLW
GHP GUXQWHQ GHU +DXVNQHFKW GHQ .LHV GHV .XUJDUWHQV KDUNWH XQG
GDV 6XPPHQ HLQHU )OLHJH GLH ]ZLVFKHQ 5RXOHDX XQG )HQVWHU
EHKDUUOLFK JHJHQ GLH 6FKHLEH VWUPWH XQG GHUHQ 6FKDWWHQ PDQ DXI
GHU JHVWUHLIWHQ /HLQZDQG LQ ODQJHQ =LFN]DFNOLQLHQ XPKHUVFKLH‰HQ
VDK« 6WLOOH 'DV HLQVDPH *HUlXVFK GHU +DUNH XQG PRQRWRQHV
6XPPHQ 8QG GLHVHU VDQIW EHOHEWH )ULHGH HUIOOWH GHQ NOHLQHQ
-RKDQQ DOVEDOG PLW GHU N|VWOLFKHQ (PSILQGXQJ MHQHU UXKLJHQ
ZRKOJHSIOHJWHQXQGGLVWLQJXLHUWHQ$EJHVFKLHGHQKHLWGHV%DGHVGLH
HUVREHUDOOHVOLHEWH1HLQ*RWWVHLJHSULHVHQKLHUKHUNDPNHLQHU
GHU EODQNHQ .DPPJDUQU|FNH GLH DXI (UGHQ 5HJHOGHWUL XQG
*UDPPDWLNYHUWUDWHQKLHUKHUQLFKWGHQQHVZDU]LHPOLFKNRVWVSLHOLJ
KLHUGUDX‰HQ«
(LQ $QIDOO YRQ )UHXGH PDFKWH GD‰ HU DXV GHP %HWWH VSUDQJ XQG
DXI QDFNWHQ )‰HQ ]XP )HQVWHU OLHI (U ]RJ GDV 5RXOHDX HPSRU
|IIQHWHGHQHLQHQ)OJHOLQGHPHUGHQZHL‰ODFNLHUWHQ+DNHQO|VWH
XQGEOLFNWHGHU)OLHJHQDFKGLHEHUGLH.LHVZHJHXQG5RVHQEHHWH
GHV.XUJDUWHQVKLQGDYRQIORJ'HU0XVLNWHPSHOLP+DOENUHLVHYRQ
%XFKVEDXP XPZDFKVHQ VWDQG QRFK OHHU XQG VWLOO GHQ
+RWHOJHElXGHQ JHJHQEHU 'DV /HXFKWHQIHOG GDV VHLQHQ 1DPHQ
QDFK GHP /HXFKWWXUP WUXJ GHU LUJHQGZR ]XU 5HFKWHQ DXIUDJWH
GHKQWH VLFK XQWHU GHP ZHL‰OLFK EH]RJHQHQ +LPPHO DXV ELV VHLQ
NXU]HV YRQ NDKOHQ (UGIOHFNHQ XQWHUEURFKHQHV *UDV LQ KRKH XQG
KDUWH6WUDQGJHZlFKVHXQGGDQQLQ6DQGEHUJLQJGRUWZRPDQGLH
5HLKHQ GHU NOHLQHQ K|O]HUQHQ 3ULYDWSDYLOORQV XQG GHU 6LW]N|UEH
XQWHUVFKLHG GLH DXI GLH 6HH KLQDXVEOLFNWHQ 6LH ODJ GD GLH 6HH LQ
)ULHGHQXQG0RUJHQOLFKWLQIODVFKHQJUQHQXQGEODXHQJODWWHQXQG
JHNUDXVWHQ 6WUHLIHQ XQG HLQ 'DPSIHU NDP ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ URW
JHPDOWHQ 7RQQHQ GLH LKP GDV )DKUZDVVHU EH]HLFKQHWHQ YRQ
.RSHQKDJHQ GDKHU RKQH GD‰ PDQ ]X ZLVVHQ EUDXFKWH RE HU
¾1DMDGHQ½ RGHU ¾)ULHGHULNH 2HYHUGLHFN½ KLH‰ 8QG +DQQR
%XGGHQEURRN]RJZLHGHUWLHIXQGPLWVWLOOHU6HOLJNHLWGHQZU]LJHQ
$WHPHLQGHQGLH6HH]XLKPKHUEHUVDQGWHXQGJU‰WHVLH]lUWOLFK
PLW GHQ $XJHQ PLW HLQHP VWXPPHQ GDQNEDUHQ XQG OLHEHYROOHQ
*UX‰H


8QG GDQQ EHJDQQ GHU 7DJ GHU HUVWH GLHVHU DUPVHOLJHQ
DFKWXQG]ZDQ]LJ 7DJH GLH DQIDQJV ZLH HLQH HZLJH 6HOLJNHLW
HUVFKLHQHQ XQG ZDUHQ GLH HUVWHQ YRUEHU VR YHU]ZHLIHOW VFKQHOO
]HUUDQQHQ« (V ZXUGH DXI GHP %DONRQ RGHU XQWHU GHP JUR‰HQ
.DVWDQLHQEDXPJHIUKVWFNWGHUGUXQWHQYRUGHP.LQGHUVSLHOSODW]H
VWDQGGRUWZRGLHJUR‰H6FKDXNHOKLQJXQGDOOHVGHU*HUXFKGHQ
GDV HLOLJ JHZDVFKHQH 7LVFKWXFK DXVVWU|PWH ZHQQ HV GHU .HOOQHU
DXVEUHLWHWH GLH 6HUYLHWWHQ DXV 6HLGHQSDSLHU GDV IUHPGDUWLJH %URW
GHU8PVWDQGGD‰PDQGLH(LHUQLFKWZLH]X+DXVHPLWNQ|FKHUQHQ
VRQGHUQ PLW JHZ|KQOLFKHQ 7HHO|IIHOQ XQG DXV PHWDOOHQHQ %HFKHUQ
D‰DOOHVHQW]FNWHGHQNOHLQHQ-RKDQQ
8QGZDVIROJWHZDUDOOHVIUHLXQGOHLFKWJHRUGQHWHLQZXQGHUEDU
P‰LJHV XQG SIOHJVDPHV :RKOOHEHQ GDV XQJHVW|UW XQG NXPPHUORV
YHUJLQJGHU9RUPLWWDJDP6WUDQGHZlKUHQGGUREHQGLH.XUNDSHOOH
LKU0RUJHQSURJUDPPHUOHGLJWHGLHVHV/LHJHQXQG5XKHQ]X)‰HQ
GHV 6LW]NRUEHV GLHVHV ]lUWOLFKH XQG WUlXPHULVFKH 6SLHOHQ PLW GHP
ZHLFKHQ6DQGHGHUQLFKWEHVFKPXW]WGLHVHVPKHXQGVFKPHU]ORVH
6FKZHLIHQ XQG 6LFKYHUOLHUHQ GHU $XJHQ EHU GLH JUQH XQG EODXH
8QHQGOLFKNHLW KLQ YRQ ZHOFKHU IUHL XQG RKQH +LQGHUQLV PLW
VDQIWHP 6DXVHQ HLQ VWDUNHU IULVFK ZLOG XQG KHUUOLFK GXIWHQGHU
+DXFK GDKHUNDP GHU GLH 2KUHQ XPKOOWH XQG HLQHQ DQJHQHKPHQ
6FKZLQGHO KHUYRUULHI HLQH JHGlPSIWH %HWlXEXQJ LQ GHU GDV
%HZX‰WVHLQ YRQ =HLW XQG 5DXP XQG DOOHP %HJUHQ]WHQ VWLOO VHOLJ
XQWHUJLQJ«'DV%DGHQGDQQGDVKLHUHLQHHUIUHXOLFKHUH6DFKHZDU
DOVLQ+HUUQ$VPXVVHQV$QVWDOWGHQQHVJDEKLHUNHLQ¾*lQVHIXWWHU½
GDVKHOOJUQHNULVWDOONODUH :DVVHUVFKlXPWH ZHLWKLQ ZHQQ PDQ HV
DXIUKUWH VWDWW HLQHV VFKOHLPLJHQ %UHWWHUERGHQV VFKPHLFKHOWH GHU
ZHLFK JHZHOOWH 6DQGERGHQ GHQ 6RKOHQ XQG .RQVXO +DJHQVWU|PV
6|KQH ZDUHQ ZHLW VHKU ZHLW LQ 1RUZHJHQ RGHU 7LURO 'HU .RQVXO
OLHEWH HV LP 6RPPHU HLQH DXVJHGHKQWH (UKROXQJVUHLVH ]X
XQWHUQHKPHQ ± XQG ZDUXP DOVR QLFKW QLFKW ZDKU« (LQ
6SD]LHUJDQJ ]XU (UZlUPXQJ GHQ 6WUDQG HQWODQJ ELV ]XP
0|ZHQVWHLQ RGHU ]XP 6HHWHPSHO HLQ ,PEL‰ DP 6LW]NRUEH
HLQJHQRPPHQ±XQGGLH6WXQGHQlKHUWHVLFKGDPDQKLQDXILQGLH
=LPPHU JLQJ XP YRU GHU 7RLOHWWH ]XU 7DEOH G¶KyWH HLQH NOHLQH
6WXQGH]XUXKHQ'LH7DEOHG¶KyWHZDUOXVWLJGDV%DGVWDQGLQ)OXU
YLHOH /HXWH )DPLOLHQ GLH GHQ %XGGHQEURRNV EHIUHXQGHW ZDUHQ


VRZRKO ZLH +DPEXUJHU XQG VRJDU HQJOLVFKH XQG UXVVLVFKH
+HUUVFKDIWHQ IOOWHQ GHQ JUR‰HQ 6DDO GHV .XUKDXVHV DQ HLQHP
IHLHUOLFKHQ 7LVFKFKHQ NUHGHQ]WH HLQ VFKZDU] JHNOHLGHWHU +HUU GLH
6XSSH DXV HLQHU VLOEHUEODQNHQ 7HUULQH HV JDE YLHU *lQJH GLH
VFKPDFNKDIWHU ZU]LJHU XQG MHGHQIDOOV DXI LUJHQGHLQH IHVWOLFKHUH
:HLVH ]XEHUHLWHW ZDUHQ DOV ]X +DXVH XQG DQ YLHOHQ 6WHOOHQ GHU
ODQJHQ7DIHOQZDUG&KDPSDJQHUJHWUXQNHQ2IWPDOVNDPHQHLQ]HOQH
+HUUHQ DXVGHU 6WDGW GLH VLFK YRQ LKUHQ *HVFKlIWHQ QLFKW ZlKUHQG
GHUJDQ]HQ:RFKHIHVVHOQOLH‰HQGLHVLFKDPVLHUHQXQGQDFKGHP
(VVHQ GLH 5RXOHWWH HLQ ZHQLJ LQ %HZHJXQJ VHW]HQ ZROOWHQ .RQVXO
3HWHU'|KOPDQQGHUVHLQH7RFKWHU]X+DXVHJHODVVHQKDWWHXQGPLW
VFKDOOHQGHU 6WLPPH DXI SODWWGHXWVFK VR XQJHQLHUWH *HVFKLFKWHQ
HU]lKOWH GD‰ GLH +DPEXUJHU 'DPHQ YRU /DFKHQ KXVWHWHQ XQG XP
HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN 3DXVH EDWHQ 6HQDWRU 'RNWRU &UHPHU GHU DOWH
3ROL]HLFKHI2QNHO&KULVWLDQXQGVHLQ6FKXOIUHXQG6HQDWRU*LHVHNH
GHUHEHQIDOOVRKQH)DPLOLHZDUXQGDOOHVIU&KULVWLDQ%XGGHQEURRN
EH]DKOWH6SlWHUZHQQGLH(UZDFKVHQHQ]XGHQ.OlQJHQGHU0XVLN
XQWHUGHP=HOWGDFKHGHU.RQGLWRUHLGHQ.DIIHHWUDQNHQVD‰+DQQR
DXI HLQHP 6WXKOH XQHUPGOLFK YRU GHQ 6WXIHQ GHV 7HPSHOV XQG
ODXVFKWH (V ZDU JHVRUJW IU GHQ 1DFKPLWWDJ (V JDE HLQH
6FKLH‰EXGH LP .XUJDUWHQ XQG ]XU 5HFKWHQ GHU 6FKZHL]HUKlXVHU
VWDQGHQGLH6WDOOJHElXGHPLW3IHUGHQ(VHOQXQG.KHQGHUHQ0LOFK
PDQ ZDUP VFKDXPLJ XQG GXIWHQG ]XU 9HVSHUVWXQGH WUDQN 0DQ
NRQQWHHLQHQ6SD]LHUJDQJPDFKHQLQGDV6WlGWFKHQGLH9RUGHUUHLKH
HQWODQJ PDQ NRQQWH YRQ GRUW DXV PLW HLQHP %RRWH ]XP 3LUZDOO
EHUVHW]HQ DQ GHVVHQ 6WUDQGH HV %HUQVWHLQ ]X ILQGHQ JDE NRQQWH
VLFK DXI GHP .LQGHUVSLHOSOlW]H DQ HLQHU .URFNHWSDUWLH EHWHLOLJHQ
RGHU VLFK DXI HLQHU %DQN GHV EHZDOGHWHQ +JHOV GHU KLQWHU GHQ
+RWHOV JHOHJHQ ZDU XQG DXI GHP GLH JUR‰H 7DEOHG¶KyWH*ORFNH
KLQJYRQ,GD-XQJPDQQYRUOHVHQODVVHQ8QGGRFKZDUGDVNOJVWH
VWHWV ]XU 6HH ]XUFN]XNHKUHQ XQG QRFK LP =ZLHOLFKW GDV *HVLFKW
GHPRIIHQHQ+RUL]RQWH]XJHZDQGWDXIGHU6SLW]HGHV%ROOZHUNV]X
VLW]HQGHQJUR‰HQ6FKLIIHQGLHYRUEHUJOLWWHQPLWGHP7DVFKHQWXFK
]X]XZLQNHQ XQG ]X KRUFKHQ ZLH GLH NOHLQHQ :HOOHQ PLW OHLVHP
3ODXGHUQ ZLGHU GLH 6WHLQEO|FNH NODWVFKWHQ XQG GLH JDQ]H :HLWH
ULQJVXP YRQ GLHVHP JHOLQGHQ XQG JUR‰DUWLJHQ 6DXVHQ HUIOOW ZDU
GDV GHP NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ JWHYROO ]XVSUDFK XQG LKQ EHUHGHWH LQ
XQJHKHXUHU=XIULHGHQKHLWVHLQH$XJHQ]XVFKOLH‰HQ'DQQDEHUVDJWH


,GD -XQJPDQQ ª.RPP +DQQRFKHQ PVVHQ JHKHQ $EHQGEURW]HLW
ZLUVWGLUGHQ7RGKROHQZHQQGXKLHUZLUVWVFKODIHQZROOHQ©:HOFK
HLQ EHUXKLJHQGHV EHIULHGLJWHV XQG LQ ZRKOWlWLJHU 2UGQXQJ
DUEHLWHQGHV+HU]HULPPHUPLWQDKPYRP0HHUH8QGZHQQHUVHLQ
$EHQGEURW PLW 0LOFK RGHU VWDUN JHPDO]WHP %UDXQELHU LP =LPPHU
JHJHVVHQKDWWHZlKUHQGVHLQH0XWWHUVSlWHULQGHU*ODVYHUDQGDGHV
.XUKDXVHVLQJU|‰HUHU*HVHOOVFKDIWVSHLVWHVRVHQNWHVLFKNDXPGD‰
HU ZLHGHU ]ZLVFKHQ GHP DOWHUVGQQHQ /LQQHQ VHLQHV %HWWHV ODJ ]X
GHQ VDQIWHQ XQG YROOHQ 6FKODJHQ HEHQ GLHVHV EHIULHGLJWHQ +HU]HQV
XQG GHQ JHGlPSIWHQ 5K\WKPHQ GHV $EHQGNRQ]HUWHV JDQ] RKQH
6FKUHFNHQXQG)LHEHUGHU6FKODIEHULKQ
$P6RQQWDJHUVFKLHQJOHLFKHLQLJHQDQGHUHQ+HUUHQGLHZlKUHQG
GHU :RFKH YRQ LKUHQ *HVFKlIWHQ LQ GHU 6WDGW ]XUFNJHKDOWHQ
ZXUGHQ GHU 6HQDWRU EHL GHQ 6HLQHQ XQG EOLHE ELV ]XP
0RQWDJPRUJHQ $EHU REJOHLFK GDQQ (LV XQG &KDPSDJQHU DQ GHU
7DEOHG¶KyWHVHUYLHUWZDUGREJOHLFK(VHOULWWHXQG6HJHOSDUWLHQLQGLH
RIIHQH6HHKLQDXVYHUDQVWDOWHWZXUGHQOLHEWHGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQGLHVH
6RQQWDJH QLFKW VHKU 'LH 5XKH XQG $EJHVFKORVVHQKHLW GHV %DGHV
ZDU JHVW|UW (LQH 0HQJH YRQ /HXWHQ DXV GHU 6WDGW GLH JDU QLFKW
KLHUKHUJHK|UWHQª(LQWDJVIOLHJHQDXVGHPJXWHQ0LWWHOVWDQGH©ZLH
,GD -XQJPDQQ VLH PLW ZRKOZROOHQGHU *HULQJVFKlW]XQJ QDQQWH
EHY|ONHUWH DP 1DFKPLWWDJH .XUJDUWHQ XQG 6WUDQG XP .DIIHH ]X
WULQNHQ0XVLN]XK|UHQ]XEDGHQXQG+DQQRKDWWHDPOLHEVWHQLP
JHVFKORVVHQHQ =LPPHU GHQ $EIOX‰ GLHVHU IHVWOLFK JHSXW]WHQ
6W|UHQIULHGH HUZDUWHW 1HLQ HU ZDU IURK ZHQQ DP 0RQWDJ DOOHV
ZLHGHU LQV DOOWlJOLFKH *HOHLVH NDP ZHQQ DXFK GLH $XJHQ VHLQHV
9DWHUV GLHVH $XJHQ GHQHQ HU VHFKV 7DJH ODQJ IHUQ JHZHVHQ ZDU
XQG GLH HU KDWWH HV ZRKO JHIKOW ZlKUHQG GHV JDQ]HQ 6RQQWDJHV
ZLHGHUNULWLVFKXQGIRUVFKHQGDXILKPJHUXKWKDWWHQQLFKWPHKUGD
ZDUHQ
8QG YLHU]HKQ 7DJH ZDUHQ YRUEHL XQG +DQQR VDJWH VLFK XQG
EHWHXHUWH HV MHGHP GHU HV K|UHQ ZROOWH GD‰ MHW]W QRFK HLQH =HLW
NRPPH VR ODQJ ZLH GLH 0LFKDHOLVIHULHQ $OOHLQ GDV ZDU HLQ
WUJHULVFKHU7URVWGHQQZDUGLH+|KHGHU)HULHQHUUHLFKWVRJLQJHV
DEZlUWVXQGJHJHQ(QGHVFKQHOOVRIUFKWHUOLFKVFKQHOOGD‰HUVLFK
DQ MHGH 6WXQGH KDWWH NODPPHUQ P|JHQ XP VLH QLFKW


YRUEHU]XODVVHQ XQG MHGHQ 6HHOXIWDWHP]XJ YHUODQJVDPHQ XP GDV
*OFNQLFKWDFKWORV]XYHUJHXGHQ
$EHU GLH =HLW YHUJLQJ XQDXIKDOWVDP LP :HFKVHO YRQ 5HJHQ XQG
6RQQHQVFKHLQ 6HH XQG /DQGZLQG VWLOOHU EUWHQGHU :lUPH XQG
OlUPHQGHQ *HZLWWHUQ GLH QLFKW EHU GDV :DVVHU NRQQWHQ XQG NHLQ
(QGH QHKPHQ ]X ZROOHQ VFKLHQHQ (V JDE 7DJH DQ GHQHQ GHU
1RUGRVWZLQG GLH %XFKW PLW VFKZDU]JUQHU )OXW EHUIOOWH ZHOFKH
GHQ 6WUDQG PLW 7DQJ 0XVFKHOQ XQG 4XDOOHQ EHGHFNWH XQG GLH
3DYLOORQVEHGURKWH'DQQZDUGLHWUEH]HUZKOWH6HHZHLWXQGEUHLW
PLW 6FKDXP EHGHFNW *UR‰H VWDUNH :RJHQ ZlO]WHQ VLFK PLW HLQHU
XQHUELWWOLFKHQ XQG IXUFKWHLQIO|‰HQGHQ 5XKH KHUDQ QHLJWHQ VLFK
PDMHVWlWLVFK LQGHP VLH HLQH GXQNHOJUQH PHWDOOEODQNH 5XQGXQJ
ELOGHWHQXQGVWU]WHQWRVHQGNUDFKHQG]LVFKHQGGRQQHUQGEHUGHQ
6DQG (V JDE DQGHUH 7DJH DQ GHQHQ GHU :HVWZLQG GLH 6HH
]XUFNWULHEGD‰GHU]LHUOLFKJHZHOOWH*UXQGZHLWKLQDXVIUHLODJXQG
EHUDOO QDFNWH 6DQGElQNH VLFKWEDU ZDUHQ ZlKUHQG GHU 5HJHQ LQ
6WU|PHQ KHUQLHGHUJLQJ +LPPHO (UGH XQG :DVVHU LQHLQDQGHU
YHUVFKZDPPHQXQGGHU6WR‰ZLQGLQGHQ5HJHQIXKUXQGLKQJHJHQ
GLH )HQVWHUVFKHLEHQ WULHE GD‰ QLFKW 7URSIHQ VRQGHUQ %lFKH GDUDQ
KLQXQWHUIORVVHQ XQG VLH XQGXUFKVLFKWLJ PDFKWHQ 'DQQ KLHOW +DQQR
VLFKPHLVWHQVLP.XUVDDOHDXIDP3LDQRGDV]ZDUEHLGHQ5HXPRQV
YRQ :DO]HUQ XQG 6FKRWWLVFKHQ HLQ ZHQLJ ]HUKlPPHUW ZDU XQG DXI
GHP VLFK QLFKW VR ZRKOODXWHQG SKDQWDVLHUHQ OLH‰ ZLH ]X +DXVH DXI
GHP )OJHO DEHU PLW GHVVHQ JHGHFNWHU XQG JOXFNVHQGHU .ODQJDUW
GRFKUHFKWXQWHUKDOWHQGH:LUNXQJHQ]XHU]LHOHQZDUHQ8QGZLHGHU
NDPHQ DQGHUH 7DJH WUlXPHULVFKH EODXH JDQ] ZLQGVWLOOH XQG
EUWHQGZDUPHDQGHQHQGLHEODXHQ)OLHJHQVXPPHQGLQGHU6RQQH
EHU GHP /HXFKWHQIHOG VWDQGHQ XQG GLH 6HH VWXPP XQG VSLHJHOQG
RKQH +DXFK XQG 5HJXQJ ODJ 8QG ZDUHQ QRFK GUHL 7DJH EULJ VR
VDJWHVLFK+DQQRXQGPDFKWHHVMHGHPNODUGD‰MHW]WQRFKHLQH=HLW
NRPPHVRODQJZLHGLHJDQ]HQ3ILQJVWIHULHQ$EHUVRXQDQIHFKWEDU
GLHVH5HFKQXQJZDUJODXEWHHUGRFKVHOEVWQLFKWGDUDQXQGVHLQHV
+HU]HQVKDWWHVLFKOlQJVWGLH(UNHQQWQLVEHPlFKWLJWGD‰ GHU 0DQQ
LP EODQNHQ .DPPJDUQURFN GHQQRFK UHFKW JHKDEW GD‰ GLH YLHU
:RFKHQ GHQQRFK HLQ (QGH QDKPHQ XQG GD‰ PDQ QXQ GHQQRFK GD
IRUWIDKUHQ ZR PDQ DXIJHK|UW XQG ]X GHP XQG GHP EHUJHKHQ
ZHUGH«


'LH EHSDFNWH 'URVFKNH KLHOW YRUP .XUKDXVH GHU 7DJ ZDU GD
+DQQR KDWWH IUKPRUJHQV GHU 6HH XQG GHP 6WUDQGH VHLQ $GLHX
JHVDJW HU VDJWH HV QXQ GHQ .HOOQHUQ GLH LKUH 7ULQNJHOGHU
HQWJHJHQQDKPHQ GHP 0XVLNWHPSHO GHQ 5RVHQEHHWHQ XQG GLHVHU
JDQ]HQ 6RPPHUV]HLW 8QG GDQQ XQWHU GHQ 9HUEHXJXQJHQ GHV
+RWHOSHUVRQDOVVHW]WHVLFKGHU:DJHQLQ%HZHJXQJ
(U SDVVLHUWH GLH $OOHH GLH ]XP 6WlGWFKHQ IKUWH XQG IXKU GLH
9RUGHUUHLKH HQWODQJ« +DQQR GUFNWH GHQ .RSI LQ GLH :DJHQHFNH
XQG VDK DQ ,GD -XQJPDQQ YRUEHL GLH IULVFKlXJLJ ZHL‰KDDULJ XQG
NQRFKLJ LKP JHJHQEHU DXI GHP 5FNSODW]H VD‰ ]XP )HQVWHU
KLQDXV 'HU 0RUJHQKLPPHO ZDU ZHL‰OLFK EHGHFNW XQG GLH 7UDYH
ZDUI NOHLQH :HOOHQ GLH VFKQHOO YRU GHP :LQGH GDKHUHLOWHQ 'DQQ
XQG ZDQQ SULFNHOWHQ 5HJHQWURSIHQ JHJHQ GLH 6FKHLEHQ $P
$XVJDQJH GHU 9RUGHUUHLKH VD‰HQ /HXWH YRU LKUHQ +DXVWUHQ XQG
IOLFNWHQ 1HW]H EDUI‰LJH .LQGHU NDPHQ KHUEHLJHODXIHQ XQG
EHWUDFKWHWHQQHXJLHULJGHQ:DJHQ'LHEOLHEHQKLHU«
$OV GHU :DJHQ GLH OHW]WHQ +lXVHU ]XUFNOLH‰ EHXJWH +DQQR VLFK
YRUXPQRFKHLQPDOGHQ/HXFKWWXUP]XVHKHQGDQQOHKQWHHUVLFK
]XUFNXQGVFKOR‰GLH$XJHQª1lFKVW¶V-DKUZLHGHU+DQQRFKHQ©
VDJWH ,GD -XQJPDQQ PLW WLHIHU WU|VWHQGHU 6WLPPH DEHU GLHVHU
=XVSUXFKKDWWHQXUJHIHKOWXPVHLQ.LQQLQ]LWWHUQGH%HZHJXQJ]X
VHW]HQ XQG GLH 7UlQHQ XQWHU VHLQHQ ODQJHQ :LPSHUQ KHUYRUTXHOOHQ
]XODVVHQ
6HLQ *HVLFKW XQG VHLQH +lQGH ZDUHQ YRQ GHU 6HHOXIW JHEUlXQW
DEHUZHQQPDQPLWGLHVHP%DGHDXIHQWKDOWGHQ=ZHFNYHUIROJWKDWWH
LKQKlUWHUHQHUJLVFKHUIULVFKHU XQG ZLGHUVWDQGVIlKLJHU ]X PDFKHQ
VR ZDU PDQ MlPPHUOLFK IHKOJHJDQJHQ YRQ GLHVHU KRIIQXQJVORVHQ
:DKUKHLW ZDU HU JDQ] HUIOOW 6HLQ +HU] ZDU GXUFK GLHVH YLHU
:RFKHQYROO0HHUHVDQGDFKWXQGHLQJHKHJWHP)ULHGHQQXUQRFKYLHO
ZHLFKHU YHUZ|KQWHU WUlXPHULVFKHU HPSILQGOLFKHU JHZRUGHQ XQG
QXU QRFK YLHO XQIlKLJHU EHL GHP $XVEOLFN DXI +HUUQ 7LHWJHV
5HJHOGHWUL WDSIHU ]X EOHLEHQ XQG EHL GHP *HGDQNHQ DQ GDV
$XVZHQGLJOHUQHQGHU*HVFKLFKWV]DKOHQXQGJUDPPDWLVFKHQ5HJHOQ
DQ GDV YHU]ZHLIHOW OHLFKWVLQQLJH :HJZHUIHQ GHU %FKHU XQG GHQ
WLHIHQ6FKODIXPDOOHP]XHQWJHKHQDQGLH$QJVWDP 0RUJHQ XQG
YRUGHQ6WXQGHQGLH.DWDVWURSKHQGLHIHLQGOLFKHQ+DJHQVWU|PVXQG


GLH$QIRUGHUXQJHQGLHVHLQ9DWHUDQLKQVWHOOWHQLFKWYROOVWlQGLJ]X
YHU]DJHQ
'DQQ DEHU HUPXQWHUWH LKQ GLH PRUJHQGOLFKH )DKUW HLQ ZHQLJ GLH
]ZLVFKHQ GHP *H]ZLWVFKHU GHU 9|JHO GXUFK GLH ZDVVHUHUIOOWHQ
*HOHLVH GHU /DQGVWUD‰H GDKLQJLQJ (U GDFKWH DQ .DL XQG GDV
:LHGHUVHKHQ PLW LKP DQ +HUUQ 3IKO GLH .ODYLHUVWXQGHQ GHQ
)OJHOXQGVHLQ+DUPRQLXPhEULJHQVZDUPRUJHQ6RQQWDJXQGGHU
HUVWH6FKXOWDJEHUPRUJHQZDUQRFKJHIDKUORV$FKHUIKOWHQRFK
HLQZHQLJ6DQGYRP6WUDQGHLQVHLQHQ.Q|SIVWLHIHOQ«HUZROOWHGHQ
DOWHQ*UREOHEHQELWWHQLKQLPPHUGDULQ]XODVVHQ«0RFKWHHVQXU
DOOHV ZLHGHU EHJLQQHQ GDV PLW GHQ .DPPJDUQU|FNHQ XQG GDV PLW
+DJHQVWU|PVXQG GDV DQGHUH (U KDWWH ZDV HU KDWWH (U ZROOWH VLFK
GHU 6HH XQG GHV .XUJDUWHQV HULQQHUQ ZHQQ DOOHV ZLHGHU DXI LKQ
HLQVWUPWHXQGHLQJDQ]NXU]HU*HGDQNHDQGDV*HUlXVFKPLWGHP
DEHQGV LQ GHU 6WLOOH GLH NOHLQHQ :HOOHQ ZHLWKHU DXV GHU LQ
JHKHLPQLVYROOHP6FKOXPPHUOLHJHQGHQ)HUQHNRPPHQGJHJHQGDV
%ROOZHUN JHSODQVFKW KDWWHQ VROOWH LKQ VR JHWURVW VR XQEHUKUEDU
JHJHQDOOH:LGULJNHLWHQPDFKHQ«
'DQQ NDP GLH )lKUH HV NDP GLH ,VUDHOVGRUIHU $OOHH GHU
-HUXVDOHPVEHUJ GDV %XUJIHOG GHU :DJHQ HUUHLFKWH GDV %XUJWRU
QHEHQGHP]XU5HFKWHQGLH0DXHUQGHV*HIlQJQLVVHVDXIUDJWHQZR
2QNHO:HLQVFKHQNVD‰HUUROOWHGLH%XUJVWUD‰HHQWODQJXQGEHUGHQ
.REHUJ OLH‰ GLH %UHLWH 6WUD‰H ]XUFN XQG IXKU EUHPVHQG GLH VWDUN
DEIDOOHQGH)LVFKHUJUXEHKLQXQWHU«'DZDUGLHURWH)DVVDGHPLWGHP
(UNHU XQG GHQ ZHL‰HQ .DU\DWLGHQ XQG DOV VLH YRQ GHU
PLWWDJVZDUPHQ6WUD‰HLQGLH.KOHGHVVWHLQHUQHQ)OXUHVWUDWHQNDP
GHU6HQDWRUGLH)HGHULQGHU+DQGDXVGHP.RQWRUKHUDXVXPVLH
]XEHJU‰HQ«
8QG ODQJVDP ODQJVDP PLW KHLPOLFKHQ 7UlQHQ OHUQWH GHU NOHLQH
-RKDQQ ZLHGHU GLH 6HH ]X PLVVHQ VLFK ]X lQJVWLJHQ XQG
XQJHKHXHUOLFK]XODQJZHLOHQVWHWVGHU+DJHQVWU|PVJHZlUWLJ]XVHLQ
XQGVLFKPLW.DL+HUUQ3IXKOXQGGHU0XVLN]XWU|VWHQ
'LH 'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN DXV GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H XQG 7DQWH
.ORWKLOGHULFKWHWHQVREDOGVLHVHLQHUDQVLFKWLJZXUGHQGLH)UDJHDQ
LKQ ZLH QDFK GHQ )HULHQ GLH 6FKXOH VFKPHFNH  PLW HLQHP
QHFNLVFKHQ%OLQ]HOQGDVHLQEHUOHJHQHV9HUVWlQGQLVIUVHLQH/DJH
YRUJDEXQGMHQHPVRQGHUEDUHQ(UZDFKVHQHQKRFKPXWGHUDOOHVZDV


.LQGHUDQJHKWP|JOLFKVWVSD‰KDIWXQGREHUIOlFKOLFKEHKDQGHOWXQG
+DQQRKLHOWGLHVHQ)UDJHQVWDQG
'UHL RGHU YLHU 7DJH QDFK GHU 5FNNHKU LQ GLH 6WDGW HUVFKLHQ GHU
+DXVDU]W 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV LQ GHU )LVFKHUJUXEH XP GLH :LUNXQJHQ
GHV%DGHVIHVW]XVWHOOHQ1DFKGHPHUHLQHOlQJHUH.RQIHUHQ]PLWGHU
6HQDWRULQJHKDEWZDUG+DQQRYRUJHIKUWXPVLFKKDOEHQWNOHLGHW
HLQHU HLQJHKHQGHQ 3UIXQJ ]X XQWHU]LHKHQ  VHLQHV 6WDWXV SUDHVHQV
ZLH 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV VDJWH LQGHP HU VHLQH )LQJHUQlJHO EHVDK (U
XQWHUVXFKWH +DQQR¶V VSlUOLFKH 0XVNXODWXU GLH %UHLWH VHLQHU %UXVW
XQG GLH )XQNWLRQ VHLQHV +HU]HQV OLH‰ VLFK EHU DOOH VHLQH
/HEHQVlX‰HUXQJHQ %HULFKW HUVWDWWHQ QDKP VFKOLH‰OLFK YHUPLWWHOVW
HLQHU 1DGHOVSLW]H HLQHQ %OXWVWURSIHQ DXV +DQQR¶V VFKPDOHP $UP
XP]X+DXVHHLQH$QDO\VHYRU]XQHKPHQXQGVFKLHQLPDOOJHPHLQHQ
ZLHGHUQLFKWUHFKWEHIULHGLJWª:LUVLQG]LHPOLFKEUDXQJHZRUGHQ©
VDJWH HU LQGHP HU +DQQR GHU YRU LKP VWDQG XPDUPWH GLH NOHLQH
VFKZDU] EHKDDUWH +DQG DXI VHLQHU 6FKXOWHU JUXSSLHUWH XQG ]XU
6HQDWRULQ XQG )UlXOHLQ -XQJPDQQ HPSRUVDK ªDEHU HLQ DOO]X
EHWUEWHV*HVLFKWPDFKHQZLULPPHUQRFK©
ª(U KDW +HLPZHK QDFK GHU 6HH© EHPHUNWH *HUGD %XGGHQEURRN
ª6RVR«DOVRGRUWELVWGXVRJHUQ"©IUDJWH'RNWRU/DQJKDOVLQGHP
HUGHPNOHLQHQ-RKDQQPLWVHLQHQHLWOHQ$XJHQLQV*HVLFKWEOLFNWH«
+DQQR YHUIlUEWH VLFK :DV EHGHXWHWH GLHVH )UDJH DXI GLH 'RNWRU
/DQJKDOVHUVLFKWOLFKHLQH$QWZRUWHUZDUWHWH"(LQHZDKQZLW]LJHXQG
SKDQWDVWLVFKH+RIIQXQJP|JOLFKJHPDFKWGXUFKGLHVFKZlUPHULVFKH
hEHU]HXJXQJGD‰DOOHQ.DPPJDUQPlQQHUQGHU:HOW]XP7URW]YRU
*RWW QLFKWV XQP|JOLFK VHL VWLHJ LQ LKP DXI ª-D«© EUDFKWH HU
KHUYRUVHLQHHUZHLWHUWHQ$XJHQVWDUUDXIGHQ'RNWRUJHULFKWHW$EHU
'RNWRU /DQJKDOV KDWWH JDU QLFKWV %HVRQGHUHV EHL VHLQHU )UDJH LP
6LQQH JHKDEW ª1XQ GHU (IIHNW GHU %lGHU XQG GHU JXWHQ /XIW ZLUG
VFKRQ QRFK QDFKNRPPHQ« VFKRQ QRFK QDFKNRPPHQ© VDJWH HU
LQGHPHUGHPNOHLQHQ-RKDQQDXIGLH6FKXOWHUNORSIWHLKQYRQVLFK
VFKRE XQG PLW HLQHP .RSIQLFNHQ JHJHQ GLH 6HQDWRULQ XQG ,GD
-XQJPDQQ ± GHP EHUOHJHQHQ ZRKOZROOHQGHQ XQG HUPXQWHUQGHQ
.RSIQLFNHQGHVZLVVHQGHQ$U]WHVDQGHVVHQ$XJHQXQG/LSSHQPDQ
KlQJWVLFKHUKREXQGGLH.RQVXOWDWLRQEHHQGHWH«
'DV EHUHLWZLOOLJVWH 9HUVWlQGQLV QRFK IU VHLQHQ 6FKPHU] XP GLH
6HHGLHVH:XQGHGLHVRODQJVDPYHUQDUEWHXQGYRQGHUJHULQJVWHQ


+lUWHGHV$OOWDJHVEHUKUWZLHGHU]XEUHQQHQXQG]XEOXWHQEHJDQQ
IDQG+DQQREHL7DQWH$QWRQLHGLHLKQPLWHUVLFKWOLFKHP9HUJQJHQ
YRP7UDYHPQGHU/HEHQHU]lKOHQK|UWHXQGDXIVHLQHVHKQVFKWLJHQ
/RESUHLVXQJHQ OHEKDIWHQ +HU]HQV HLQJLQJ ª-D +DQQR© VDJWH VLH
ªZDV ZDKU LVW EOHLEW HZLJ ZDKU XQG 7UDYHPQGH LVW HLQ VFK|QHU
$XIHQWKDOW %LV LFK GHQ )X‰ LQV *UDE VHW]H ZHL‰W GX ZHUGH LFK
PLFK PLW )UHXGHQDQ GLH 6RPPHUZRFKHQ HULQQHUQ GLH LFK GRUW DOV
MXQJHVGXPPHV'LQJHLQPDOHUOHEWH,FKZRKQWHEHL/HXWHQGLHLFK
JHUQ KDWWH XQG GLH PLFK DXFK ZRKO OHLGHQ NRQQWHQ ZLH HV VFKLHQ
GHQQLFKZDUHLQKEVFKHU6SULQJLQVIHOGGDPDOVMHW]WNDQQLFKDOWHV
:HLE HV MD DXVVSUHFKHQ  XQG IDVW LPPHU JXWHU 'LQJH (V ZDUHQ
EUDYH/HXWHZLOOLFKGLUVDJHQELHGHUJXWKHU]LJXQGJUDGVLQQLJXQG
DX‰HUGHP VR JHVFKHXW JHOHKUW XQG EHJHLVWHUW ZLH LFK VSlWHU LP
/HEHQ EHUKDXSW NHLQH PHKU JHIXQGHQ KDEH -D HV ZDU HLQ
DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK DQUHJHQGHU 9HUNHKU PLW LKQHQ ,FK KDEH GD ZDV
$QVFKDXXQJHQ XQG .HQQWQLVVH EHWULIIW ZHL‰W GX IU PHLQ JDQ]HV
/HEHQYLHOJHOHUQWXQG ZHQQQLFKW DQGHUHV GD]ZLVFKHQ JHNRPPHQ
ZlUH DOOHUKDQG (UHLJQLVVH« NXU] ZLH HV LP /HEHQ VR JHKW« VR
KlWWH LFK GXPPHV 'LQJ ZRKO QRFK PDQFKHV SURILWLHUW :LOOVW GX
ZLVVHQZLHGXPPLFKGDPDOVZDU",FKZROOWHGLHEXQWHQ6WHUQHDXV
GHQ 4XDOOHQ KHUDXVKDEHQ ,FK WUXJ HLQH JDQ]H 0HQJH 4XDOOHQ LP
7DVFKHQWXFKHQDFK+DXVHXQGOHJWHVLHVlXEHUOLFKDXIGHQ%DONRQLQ
GLH 6RQQH GDPLW VLH YHUGXQVWHWHQ« 'DQQ PX‰WHQ GLH 6WHUQH GRFK
EULJEOHLEHQ-DJXW«DOVLFKQDFKVDKZDUGDHLQ]LHPOLFKJUR‰HU
QDVVHU)OHFN(VURFKQXUHLQEL‰FKHQQDFKIDXOHP6HHWDQJ«©

9LHUWHV.DSLWHO

=X %HJLQQ GHV -DKUHV  ZDUG GHP *QDGHQJHVXFK +XJR


:HLQVFKHQNV YRP 6HQDWH VWDWWJHJHEHQ XQG GHU HKHPDOLJH 'LUHNWRU
HLQKDOEHV-DKUYRU$EODXIGHULKP]XJHPHVVHQHQ6WUDI]HLWDXIIUHLHQ
)X‰JHVHW]W
:UGH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU HKUOLFK JHVSURFKHQ KDEHQ VR KlWWH VLH
]XJHEHQ PVVHQ GD‰ GLHVHV (UHLJQLV VLH JDU QLFKW VHKU IUHXGLJ


EHUKUWHXQGGD‰VLHHVOLHEHUJHVHKHQKlWWHZHQQDOOHVQXQDXFKELV
DQV (QGH JHEOLHEHQ ZlUH ZLH HV HLQPDO ZDU 6LH OHEWH PLW LKUHU
7RFKWHUXQGLKUHU(QNHOLQIULHGOLFKDP/LQGHQSODW]HLP9HUNHKUPLW
GHP +DXVH LQ GHU )LVFKHUJUXEH XQG PLW LKUHU 3HQVLRQVIUHXQGLQ
$UPJDUG YRQ 0DLERRP JHERUHQH YRQ 6FKLOOLQJ GLH VHLW GHP
$EOHEHQLKUHV*DWWHQLQGHU6WDGWZRKQWH6LHZX‰WHOlQJVWGD‰VLH
DX‰HUKDOE GHU 0DXHUQ LKUHU 9DWHUVWDGW HLJHQWOLFK QLUJHQGV DP
ULFKWLJHQ XQG ZUGLJHQ 3ODW]H ZDU XQG YHUVSUWH PLW LKUHQ
0QFKHQHU(ULQQHUXQJHQLKUHPEHVWlQGLJVFKZlFKHUXQGUHL]EDUHU
ZHUGHQGHQ0DJHQXQGLKUHPZDFKVHQGHQ5XKHEHGUIQLVGXUFKDXV
NHLQH1HLJXQJDXILKUHDOWHQ7DJHQRFKHLQPDOLQHLQHJUR‰H6WDGW
GHV JHHLQWHQ 9DWHUODQGHV RGHU JDU LQV $XVODQG EHU]XVLHGHOQ
ª/LHEHV.LQG©VDJWHVLH]XLKUHU7RFKWHUªLFKPX‰GLFKQXQHWZDV
IUDJHQ HWZDV (UQVWHV« 'X OLHEVW GHLQHQ 0DQQ GRFK QRFK LPPHU
YRQ JDQ]HP +HU]HQ" 'X OLHEVW LKQ GRFK VR GD‰ GX LKP ZRKLQ HU
VLFK MHW]W DXFK ZHQGHQ P|JH PLW HXUHP .LQGH IROJHQ ZLOOVW GD
VHLQHV%OHLEHQVKLHUMDOHLGHUQLFKWLVW"©
8QGGD)UDX(ULND:HLQVFKHQNJHERUHQH*UQOLFK KLHUDXIXQWHU
7UlQHQGLHDOOHVP|JOLFKHEHGHXWHQNRQQWHQJHQDXVRSIOLFKWJHPl‰
DQWZRUWHWHZLH7RQ\VHOEVWHLQVWPDOVXQWHUlKQOLFKHQ8PVWlQGHQLQ
LKUHU9LOODEHL+DPEXUJLKUHP9DWHUJHDQWZRUWHWKDWWHVRILQJPDQ
DQPLWHLQHUQDKHQ7UHQQXQJ]XUHFKQHQ«
(VZDUHLQ7DJ EHLQDKH VR VFKDXHUOLFK ZLH GHU DQGHP 'LUHNWRU
:HLQVFKHQN LQ +DIW JHQRPPHQ ZDU DOV )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU LKUHQ
6FKZLHJHUVRKQ LQ HLQHU JHVFKORVVHQHQ 'URVFKNH YRP *HIlQJQLVVH
DEKROWH6LHEUDFKWHLKQLQLKUH:RKQXQJDP/LQGHQSODW]HXQGGRUW
EOLHEHUQDFKGHPHUYHUZLUUW XQGUDWORV )UDX XQG.LQG EHJU‰WLQ
GHP =LPPHU GDV PDQ LKP HLQJHUlXPW XQG UDXFKWH YRQ IUK ELV
VSlW =LJDUUHQ RKQH HV ]X ZDJHQ DXI GLH 6WUD‰H ]X JHKHQ MD
PHLVWHQV RKQH GLH 0DKO]HLWHQ PLW GHQ 6HLQHQ JHPHLQVDP ]X
QHKPHQHLQHUJUDXWHUXQGYROOVWlQGLJNRSIVFKHXHU0HQVFK
'DV *HIlQJQLVOHEHQ KDWWH VHLQHU N|USHUOLFKHQ *HVXQGKHLW QLFKWV
DQKDEHQ N|QQHQ GHQQ +XJR :HLQVFKHQN ZDU VWHWV YRQ GXUDEOHU
.RQVWLWXWLRQJHZHVHQDEHUHVVWDQGGRFKlX‰HUVWWUDXULJXPLKQ(V
ZDU HQWVHW]OLFK ]X VHKHQ ZLH GLHVHU 0DQQ  GHU
K|FKVWZDKUVFKHLQOLFK QLFKWV DQGHUHV EHJDQJHQ KDWWH DOV ZDV GLH
PHLVWHQVHLQHU.ROOHJHQULQJVXPPLWJXWHP0XWDOOH7DJHEHJLQJHQ


XQG GHU ZlUH HU QLFKW HUWDSSW ZRUGHQ RKQH =ZHLIHO HUKREHQHQ
+DXSWHV XQG XQEHUKUW KHLWHUHQ *HZLVVHQV VHLQHQ 3IDG JHZDQGHUW
ZlUH ± GXUFK VHLQHQ EUJHUOLFKHQ )DOO GXUFK GLH 7DWVDFKH GHU
JHULFKWOLFKHQ 9HUXUWHLOXQJ XQG GLHVH GUHL *HIlQJQLVMDKUH QXQ
PRUDOLVFK VR YROONRPPHQ JHEURFKHQ ZDU (U KDWWH YRU *HULFKW DXV
WLHIVWHUhEHU]HXJXQJEHWHXHUWXQGYRQ6DFKYHUVWlQGLJHQZDUHVLKP
EHVWlWLJW ZRUGHQ GD‰ GDV NHFNH 0DQ|YHU ZHOFKHV HU VHLQHU
*HVHOOVFKDIW XQG VLFK VHOEVW ]X (KU¶ XQG 9RUWHLO XQWHUQRPPHQ LQ
GHU *HVFKlIWVZHOW DOV 8VDQFH JHOWH 'LH -XULVWHQ DEHU +HUUHQ GLH
QDFK VHLQHU HLJHQHQ 0HLQXQJ YRQ GLHVHQ 'LQJHQ JDU QLFKWV
YHUVWDQGHQ GLH XQWHU JDQ] DQGHUHQ %HJULIIHQ XQG LQ HLQHU JDQ]
DQGHUHQ :HOWDQVFKDXXQJ OHEWHQ KDWWHQ LKQ ZHJHQ %HWUXJHV
YHUXUWHLOW XQG GLHVHU 6SUXFK GHP GLH VWDDWOLFKH 0DFKW ]XU 6HLWH
VWDQG KDWWH VHLQH 6HOEVWVFKlW]XQJ GHUPD‰HQ ]X HUVFKWWHUQ
YHUPRFKWGD‰HUQLHPDQGHPPHKULQV$QJHVLFKW]XEOLFNHQZDJWH
6HLQIHGHUQGHU*DQJGLHXQWHUQHKPHQGH$UWPLWGHUHUVLFKLQGHU
7DLOOHVHLQHV*HKURFNHVJHZLHJWPLWGHQ)DXVWHQEDODQFLHUWXQGGLH
$XJHQJHUROOWKDWWHGLHXQJHPHLQH)ULVFKHPLWGHUHUYRQGHU+RKH
VHLQHU 8QZLVVHQKHLW XQG 8QELOGXQJ KHUDE VHLQH )UDJHQ XQG
(U]lKOXQJHQ]XPEHVWHQJHJHEHQKDWWHDOOHVZDUGDKLQ(VZDUVR
VHKU GDKLQ GD‰ GHQ 6HLQHQ YRU VR YLHO *HGUFNWKHLW )HLJKHLW XQG
GXPSIHU:UGHORVLJNHLWJUDXWH
1DFKGHP +HUU +XJR :HLQVFKHQN DFKW RGHU ]HKQ 7DJH ODQJ VLFK
OHGLJOLFK PLW 5DXFKHQ EHVFKlIWLJW KDWWH ILQJ HU DQ =HLWXQJHQ ]X
OHVHQ XQG %ULHIH ]X VFKUHLEHQ 8QG GLHV KDWWH QDFK GHP 9HUODXIH
ZHLWHUHU DFKW RGHU ]HKQ 7DJH ]XU )ROJH GD‰ HU LQ XQEHVWLPPWHQ
:HQGXQJHQHUNOlUWHLQ/RQGRQVFKHLQHVLFKLKPHLQHQHXH3RVLWLRQ
]XELHWHQGRFKZROOHHU]XQlFKVWDOOHLQGRUWKLQUHLVHQXPGLH6DFKH
SHUV|QOLFK ]X UHJHOQ XQG HUVW ZHQQ DOOHV LQ 5LFKWLJNHLW VHL )UDX
XQG.LQG]XVLFKUXIHQ
(U IXKU YRQ (ULND EHJOHLWHW LQ JHVFKORVVHQHP :DJHQ ]XP
%DKQKRIXQGUHLVWHDERKQHLUJHQGHLQHQVHLQHUEULJHQ9HUZDQGWHQ
QRFKHLQPDOJHVHKHQ]XKDEHQ
(LQLJH 7DJH VSlWHU WUDI QRFK DXV +DPEXUJ HLQ DQ VHLQH *DWWLQ
JHULFKWHWHV 6FKUHLEHQ HLQ LQ ZHOFKHP HU ]X ZLVVHQ WDW HU VHL
HQWVFKORVVHQVLFKNHLQHVIDOOVHKHUPLW)UDXXQG.LQG]XYHUHLQLJHQ
RGHU DXFK QXU YRQ VLFK K|UHQ ]X ODVVHQ DOV ELV HU LKQHQ HLQH


DQJHPHVVHQH ([LVWHQ] ZHUGH ELHWHQ N|QQHQ 8QG GLHV ZDU +XJR
:HLQVFKHQNVOHW]WHV/HEHQV]HLFKHQ1LHPDQGYHUQDKPVHLWGHPGDV
JHULQJVWH YRQ LKP 2EJOHLFK VSlWHU )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU YHUVLHUW LQ
VROFKHQ'LQJHQXQGYROOXPVLFKWLJHU7DWNUDIWZLHVLHZDUPHKUHUH
$XIUXIH QDFK LKUHP 6FKZLHJHUVRKQ HUJHKHQ OLH‰ XP ZLH VLH PLW
ZLFKWLJHU 0LHQH HUNOlUWH GHU 6FKHLGXQJVNODJH ZHJHQ E|VZLOOLJHQ
9HUODVVHQV HLQH YROOH %HJUQGXQJ ]X JHEHQ ZDU XQG EOLHE HU
YHUVFKROOHQXQGVRNDPHVGD‰(ULND:HLQVFKHQN PLW GHU NOHLQHQ
(OLVDEHWK QDFK ZLH YRU EHL LKUHU 0XWWHU LQ GHU KHOOHQ (WDJH DP
/LQGHQSODW]HYHUEOLHE

)QIWHV.DSLWHO

'LH(KHDXVZHOFKHUGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQKHUYRUJHJDQJHQZDUKDWWH
DOV *HVSUlFKVJHJHQVWDQG JHQRPPHQ LQ GHU 6WDGW QLHPDOV DQ 5HL]
YHUORUHQ 6R JHZL‰ ZLH MHGHP GHU EHLGHQ *DWWHQ HWZDV
([WUDYDJDQWHVXQG5lWVHOKDIWHVHLJHQZDUVRJHZL‰WUXJ GLHVH (KH
VHOEVW GHQ &KDUDNWHU GHV 8QJHZ|KQOLFKHQ XQG )UDJZUGLJHQ +LHU
HLQ ZHQLJ KLQWHUV /LFKW ]X NRPPHQ XQG DEJHVHKHQ YRQ GHQ
GUIWLJHQ lX‰HUHQ 7DWVDFKHQ GHP 9HUKlOWQLV HLQ ZHQLJ DXI GHQ
*UXQG ]X JHKHQ VFKLHQ HLQH VFKZLHULJH DEHU ORKQHQGH $XIJDEH
8QGLQ:RKQXQG6FKODIVWXEHQLQ.OXEVXQG.DVLQRVMDVHOEVWDQ
GHU%|UVHVSUDFKHQGLH/HXWHEHU*HUGDXQG7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRN
GHVWRPHKUMHZHQLJHUVLHYRQLKQHQZX‰WHQ
:LH KDWWHQ GLHVH EHLGHQ VLFK JHIXQGHQ XQG ZLH VWDQGHQ VLH
]XHLQDQGHU"0DQHULQQHUWHVLFKGHUMlKHQ (QWVFKORVVHQKHLW PLW GHU
YRUDFKW]HKQ-DKUHQGHUGDPDOVGUHL‰LJMlKULJH7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRN
]X :HUNH JHJDQJHQ ZDU ª'LHVH RGHU NHLQH© GDV ZDU VHLQ :RUW
JHZHVHQ XQG HV PX‰WH VLFK PLW *HUGD ZRKO lKQOLFK YHUKDOWHQ
KDEHQ GHQQ VLH KDWWH LQ $PVWHUGDP ELV ]X LKUHP
VLHEHQXQG]ZDQ]LJVWHQ -DKUH .|UEH DXVJHWHLOW XQG GLHVHQ %HZHUEHU
DOVEDOG HUK|UW (LQH /LHEHVKHLUDW DOVR GDFKWHQ GLH /HXWH LQ LKUHP
6LQQHGHQQVR VFKZHUHV LKQHQ ZXUGH PX‰WHQ VLH HLQUlXPHQ GD‰
*HUGD¶V 'UHLKXQGHUWWDXVHQG GRFK ZRKO QXU HLQH 5ROOH ]ZHLWHQ


5DQJHV EHL GHU 6DFKH JHVSLHOW KDWWHQ $OOHLQ YRQ /LHEH ZLHGHUXP
YRQ GHP ZDV PDQ XQWHU /LHEH YHUVWDQG ZDU ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ EHLGHQ
YRQ $QEHJLQQ K|FKVW ZHQLJ ]X VSUHQ JHZHVHQ 9RQ $QEHJLQQ
YLHOPHKU KDWWH PDQ QLFKWV DOV +|IOLFKNHLW LQ LKUHP 8PJDQJ
NRQVWDWLHUW HLQH ]ZLVFKHQ *DWWHQ JDQ] DX‰HURUGHQWOLFKH NRUUHNWH
XQG UHVSHNWYROOH +|IOLFKNHLW GLH DEHU XQYHUVWlQGOLFKHUZHLVH QLFKW
DXV LQQHUHU )HUQKHLW XQG )UHPGKHLW VRQGHUQ DXV HLQHU VHKU
HLJHQDUWLJHQ VWXPPHQ XQG WLHIHQ JHJHQVHLWLJHQ 9HUWUDXWKHLW XQG
.HQQWQLVHLQHUEHVWlQGLJHQJHJHQVHLWLJHQ5FNVLFKWXQG1DFKVLFKW
KHUYRU]XJHKHQ VFKLHQ 'DUDQ KDWWHQ GLH -DKUH QLFKW GDV JHULQJVWH
JHlQGHUW'LHbQGHUXQJGLHVLH KHUYRUJHEUDFKWKDWWHQ EHVWDQG QXU
GDQQ GD‰ MHW]W GHU $OWHUVXQWHUVFKLHG GHU EHLGHQ VR VHOWHQ
JHULQJIJLJ HU GHQ -DKUHQ QDFK ZDU DQILQJ LQ DXIIlOOLJHU :HLVH
KHUYRU]XWUHWHQ
0DQVDKGLHEHLGHQDQXQGIDQGGD‰GLHVHLQVWDUNDOWHUQGHUVFKRQ
HLQ EL‰FKHQ EHOHLEWHU 0DQQ PLW HLQHU MXQJHQ )UDX ]XU 6HLWH ZDU
0DQIDQGGD‰7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNYHUIDOOHQDXVVDKMDGLHVZDU
WURW]GHUQDFKJHUDGHHLQZHQLJNRPLVFKZLUNHQGHQ(LWHONHLWPLWGHU
HU VLFK ]XUHFKWVWXW]WH GDV HLQ]LJ ULFKWLJH :RUW IU LKQ ± ZlKUHQG
*HUGDVLFKLQGLHVHQDFKW]HKQ-DKUHQIDVWJDUQLFKWYHUlQGHUWKDWWH
6LHHUVFKLHQJOHLFKVDPNRQVHUYLHUWLQGHUQHUY|VHQ.lOWHLQGHUVLH
OHEWHXQGGLHVLHDXVVWU|PWH,KUGXQNHOURWHV+DDUKDWWHJHQDXVHLQH
)DUEH EHKDOWHQ LKU VFK|QHV ZHL‰HV *HVLFKW JHQDX VHLQ (EHQPD‰
XQG GLH *HVWDOW LKUH VFKODQNH XQG KRKH 9RUQHKPKHLW ,Q GHQ
:LQNHOQ LKUHU HWZDV ]X NOHLQHQ XQG HWZDV ]X QDKH
EHLHLQDQGHUOLHJHQGHQ EUDXQHQ $XJHQ ODJHUWHQ LPPHU QRFK GLH
EOlXOLFKHQ 6FKDWWHQ« 0DQ WUDXWH GLHVHQ $XJHQ QLFKW 6LH EOLFNWHQ
VHOWVDP XQG ZDV HWZD LQ LKQHQ JHVFKULHEHQ VWDQG YHUPRFKWHQ GLH
/HXWH QLFKW ]X HQW]LIIHUQ 'LHVH )UDX GHUHQ :HVHQ VR NKO VR
HLQJH]RJHQYHUVFKORVVHQUHVHUYLHUWXQGDEOHKQHQGZDUXQGGLHQXU
DQ LKUH 0XVLN HLQ ZHQLJ /HEHQVZlUPH ]X YHUDXVJDEHQ VFKLHQ
HUUHJWH XQEHVWLPPWH 9HUGlFKWH 'LH /HXWH KROWHQ LKU EL‰FKHQ
YHUVWDXEWH 0HQVFKHQNHQQWQLV KHUYRU XP VLH JHJHQ 6HQDWRU
%XGGHQEURRNV *DWWLQ DQ]XZHQGHQ 6WLOOH :DVVHU ZDUHQ RIW WLHI
0DQFKHU KDWWH HV IDXVWGLFN KLQWHU GHQ 2KUHQ 8QG GD VLH GRFK
ZQVFKWHQVLFKGLHJDQ]H6DFKHHLQEL‰FKHQQlKHU]XEULQJHQ XQG
EHUKDXSWLUJHQGHWZDVGDYRQ]XZLVVHQXQG]XYHUVWHKHQVRIKUWH


LKUHEHVFKHLGHQH3KDQWDVLHVLH]XGHU$QQDKPHHVN|QQHZRKOQLFKW
DQGHUVVHLQDOVGD‰GLHVFK|QH*HUGDLKUHQDOWHUQGHQ0DQQQXQHLQ
ZHQLJEHWU|JH
6LH JDEHQ ZRKO DFKW XQG HV GDXHUWH QLFKW ODQJH ELV VLH HLQLJ
GDUEHU ZDUHQ GD‰ *HUGD %XGGHQEURRN LQ LKUHP 9HUKlOWQLV ]X
+HUUQ /HXWQDQW YRQ 7KURWD JHOLQGH JHVDJW GLH *UHQ]HQ GHV
6LWWVDPHQEHUVFKULWW
5HQH 0DULD YRQ 7KURWD DXV GHQ 5KHLQODQGHQ JHEUWLJ VWDQG DOV
6HFRQGHOHXWQDQWEHLHLQHPGHU,QIDQWHULHEDWDLOORQHGLHLQGHU6WDGW
JDUQLVRQLHUWHQ 'HU URWH .UDJHQ QDKP VLFK JXW DXV ]X VHLQHP
VFKZDU]HQ+DDUGDVVHLWZlUWVJHVFKHLWHOWXQGUHFKWVLQHLQHPKRKHQ
GLFKWHQXQGJHORFNWHQ.DPPYRQGHUZHL‰HQ6WLUQ]XUFNJHVWULFKHQ
ZDU$EHUREZRKOHUJUR‰XQGVWDUNYRQ*HVWDOWHUVFKLHQULHIVHLQH
JDQ]H (UVFKHLQXQJ VHLQH %HZHJXQJHQ VRZRKO ZLH VHLQH $UW ]X
VSUHFKHQXQG]XVFKZHLJHQHLQHQlX‰HUVWXQPLOLWlULVFKHQ(LQGUXFN
KHUYRU (U OLHEWH HV VHLQH +DQG ]ZLVFKHQ GLH .Q|SIH VHLQHV KDOE
RIIHQHQ ,QWHULPVURFNHV ]X VFKLHEHQ RGHU GD]XVLW]HQ LQGHP HU GLH
:DQJH JHJHQ GHQ +DQGUFNHQ OHKQWH VHLQH 9HUEHXJXQJHQ
HQWEHKUWHQ MHJOLFKHU 6WUDPPKHLW PDQ K|UWH QLFKW HLQPDO VHLQH
$EVlW]HGDEHL]XVDPPHQVFKODJHQXQGHUEHKDQGHOWHGLH8QLIRUPDQ
VHLQHP PXVNXO|VHQ .|USHU JHQDX VR QDFKOlVVLJ XQG ODXQLVFK ZLH
HLQHQ=LYLODQ]XJ6HOEVWVHLQVFKPDOHVVFKUlJ]XGHQ0XQGZLQNHOQ
KLQDEODXIHQGHV -QJOLQJV6FKQXUUElUWFKHQ GHP QLFKW 6SLW]H QRFK
6FKZXQJ KlWWH JHJHEHQ ZHUGHQ N|QQHQ WUXJ GD]X EHL GLHVHQ
XQPDUWLDOLVFKHQ*HVDPWHLQGUXFN]XYHUVWlUNHQ'DV0HUNZUGLJVWH
DQLKPDEHUZDUHQGLH$XJHQJUR‰HDX‰HURUGHQWOLFKJOlQ]HQGHXQG
VR VFKZDU]H $XJHQ GD‰ VLH ZLH XQHUJUQGOLFKH JOKHQGH 7LHIHQ
HUVFKLHQHQ $XJHQ ZHOFKH VFKZlUPHULVFK HUQVW XQG VFKLPPHUQG
DXI'LQJHQXQG*HVLFKWHUQUXKWHQ«
2KQH=ZHLIHOZDUHUZLGHU:LOOHQRGHUGRFKRKQH/LHEH]XU6DFKH
LQ GLH $UPHH HLQJHWUHWHQ GHQQ WURW] VHLQHU .|USHUVWlUNH ZDU HU
XQWFKWLJ LP 'LHQVWH XQG XQEHOLHEW EHL VHLQHQ .DPHUDGHQ GHUHQ
,QWHUHVVHQ XQG 9HUJQJXQJHQ  GLH ,QWHUHVVHQ XQG 9HUJQJXQJHQ
MXQJHU 2IIL]LHUH GLH YRU NXU]HP YRQ HLQHP VLHJUHLFKHQ )HOG]XJ
]XUFNJHNHKUW ZDUHQ  HU ]X ZHQLJ WHLOWH (U JDOW IU HLQHQ
XQDQJHQHKPHQ XQG H[WUDYDJDQWHQ 6RQGHUOLQJ XQWHU LKQHQ GHU
HLQVDPH 6SD]LHUJlQJH PDFKWH GHU ZHGHU 3IHUGH QRFK -DJG QRFK


6SLHO QRFK )UDXHQ OLHEWH XQG GHVVHQ JDQ]HU 6LQQ GHU 0XVLN
]XJHZDQGW ZDU GHQQ HU VSLHOWH PHKUHUH ,QVWUXPHQWH XQG ZDU PLW
VHLQHQ JOKHQGHQ $XJHQ XQG VHLQHU XQPLOLWlULVFKHQ ]XJOHLFK
VDORSSHQ XQG VFKDXVSLHOHUKDIWHQ +DOWXQJ LQ DOOHQ 2SHUQ XQG
.RQ]HUWHQ]XVHKHQZlKUHQGHU.OXEXQG.DVLQRPL‰DFKWHWH
:RKO RGHU EHO HUOHGLJWH HU GLH QRWZHQGLJVWHQ 9LVLWHQ LQ GHQ
KHUYRUUDJHQGHQ)DPLOLHQDEHUHUOHKQWHEHLQDKHDOOH(LQODGXQJHQDE
XQG YHUNHKUWH HLJHQWOLFK QXU LP +DXVH %XGGHQEURRN« ]XYLHO ZLH
GLH/HXWHPHLQWHQ]XYLHOZLHDXFKGHU6HQDWRUVHOEHUPHLQWH«
1LHPDQG DKQWH ZDV LQ 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN YRUJLQJ QLHPDQG
GXUIWHHVDKQHQXQGJHUDGHGLHVDOOH:HOWEHUVHLQHQ*UDPVHLQHQ
+D‰ VHLQH 2KQPDFKW LQ 8QZLVVHQKHLW ]X HUKDOWHQ ZDU VR
IUFKWHUOLFKVFKZHU'LH/HXWHILQJHQDQLKQHLQZHQLJOlFKHUOLFK]X
ILQGHQDEHUYLHOOHLFKWKlWWHQVLH0LWOHLGYHUVSUWXQGVROFKH*HIKOH
XQWHUGUFNWZHQQVLHLPHQWIHUQWHVWHQYHUPXWHWKlWWHQPLWZHOFKHU
DQJVWYROOHQ 5HL]EDUNHLW HU YRU GHP /lFKHUOLFKHQ DXI GHU +XW ZDU
ZLH HU HV OlQJVW YRQ ZHLWHP KDWWH QDKHQ VHKHQ XQG HV
YRUDXVHPSIXQGHQKDWWHEHYRUQRFKLKQHQLUJHQGHWZDVGDYRQLQGHQ
6LQQJHNRPPHQZDU$XFKVHLQH(LWHONHLWGLHVHYLHOIDFKEHVS|WWHOWH
¾(LWHONHLW½ZDUMD]XPJXWHQ7HLOHDXVGLHVHU6RUJHKHUYRUJHJDQJHQ
(U ZDU GHU HUVWH JHZHVHQ GHU GDV EHVWlQGLJ KHUYRUWUHWHQGH
0L‰YHUKlOWQLV ]ZLVFKHQ VHLQHU HLJHQHQ (UVFKHLQXQJ XQG *HUGD¶V
VRQGHUEDUHU 8QEHUKUWKHLW GHU GLH -DKUH QLFKWV DQKDWWHQ PLW
$UJZRKQ LQV $XJH JHID‰W KDWWH XQG MHW]W VHLW +HUU YRQ 7KURWD LQ
VHLQ +DXV JHNRPPHQ ZDU PX‰WH HU VHLQH %HVRUJQLV PLW GHP 5HVW
VHLQHU.UlIWHEHNlPSIHQXQGYHUVWHFNHQPX‰WHHVXPQLFKWGXUFK
GDV .XQGZHUGHQ GLHVHU %HVRUJQLV VFKRQ VHLQHQ 1DPHQ GHP
DOOJHPHLQHQ/lFKHOQSUHLV]XJHEHQ
*HUGD %XGGHQEURRN XQG GHU MXQJH HLJHQDUWLJH 2IIL]LHU KDWWHQ
HLQDQGHU ZLH VLFK YHUVWHKW DXI GHP *HELHWH GHU 0XVLN JHIXQGHQ
+HUU YRQ 7KURWD VSLHOWH .ODYLHU *HLJH %UDWVFKH 9LRORQFHOOR XQG
)O|WH±DOOHVYRUWUHIIOLFKXQGRIWZDUGGHP6HQDWRUGHUNRPPHQGH
%HVXFK LP YRUDXV DQJHNQGLJW GDGXUFK GD‰ +HUUQ YRQ 7KURWD¶V
%XUVFKH GHQ &HOORNDVWHQ DXI GHP 5FNHQ VFKOHSSHQG DQ GHQ
JUQHQ )HQVWHUYRUVlW]HQ GHV 3ULYDWNRQWRUV YRUEHUJLQJ XQG LP
+DXVH YHUVFKZDQG« 'DQQ VD‰ 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN DQ VHLQHP
6FKUHLEWLVFK XQG ZDUWHWH ELV HU DXFK LKQ VHOEVW GHQ )UHXQG VHLQHU


)UDX LQ VHLQ +DXV HLQWUHWHQ VDK ELV EHU LKP LP 6DORQ GLH
+DUPRQLHQ DXIZRJWHQ GLH XQWHU 6LQJHQ .ODJHQ XQG
EHUPHQVFKOLFKHP -XEHO JOHLFKVDP PLW NUDPSIKDIW DXVJHVWUHFNWHQ
JHIDOWHWHQ +lQGHQ HPSRUUDQJHQ XQG QDFK DOOHQ LUUHQ XQG YDJHQ
(NVWDVHQ LQ 6FKZlFKH XQG 6FKOXFK]HQ KLQVDQNHQ LQ 1DFKW XQG
6FKZHLJHQ 0RFKWHQ VLH GRFK UROOHQ XQG EUDXVHQ ZHLQHQ XQG
MDXFK]HQ HLQDQGHU DXIVFKlXPHQG XPVFKOLQJHQ XQG VLFK VR
EHUQDWUOLFK JHElUGHQ ZLH VLH QXU ZROOWHQ 'DV 6FKOLPPH GDV
HLJHQWOLFK4XDOYROOHZDUGLH/DXWORVLJNHLWGLHLKQHQIROJWHGLHGDQQ
GRUW REHQ LP 6DORQ VR ODQJH ODQJH KHUUVFKWH XQG GLH ]X WLHI XQG
XQEHOHEWZDUXPQLFKW*UDXHQ]XHUUHJHQ.HLQ6FKULWWHUVFKWWHUWH
GLH 'HFNH NHLQ 6WXKO ZDUG JHUFNW HV ZDU HLQH XQODXWHUH
KLQWHUKlOWLJH VFKZHLJHQGH YHUVFKZHLJHQGH 6WLOOH« 'DQQ VD‰
7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNXQGlQJVWLJWHVLFKVRVHKUGD‰HUPDQFKPDO
OHLVHlFK]WH
:DVIUFKWHWHHU":LHGHUKDWWHQGLH/HXWH+HUUQYRQ7KURWDLQGDV
+DXV HLQWUHWHQ VHKHQ XQG PLW LKUHQ $XJHQ JOHLFKVDP VR ZLH HV
VLFK LKQHQ GDUVWHOOWH VDK HU GLHV %LOG VLFK VHOEVW GHQ DOWHUQGHQ
DEJHQXW]WHQ XQG EHOODXQLJHQ 0DQQ XQWHQ LP .RQWRU DP )HQVWHU
VLW]HQ ZlKUHQG GUREHQ VHLQH VFK|QH )UDX PLW LKUHP *DODQ
PXVL]LHUWH XQG QLFKW QXU PXVL]LHUWH« -D VR HUVFKLHQHQ LKQHQ GLH
'LQJH HU ZX‰WH HV 8QG GHQQRFK ZX‰WH HU DXFK GD‰ GDV :RUW
ª*DODQ© IU +HUUQ YRQ 7KURWD HLJHQWOLFK VHKU ZHQLJ EH]HLFKQHQG
ZDU$FKHUZlUHEHLQDKHJOFNOLFKJHZHVHQZHQQHULKQVRKlWWH
QHQQHQ XQG DXIIDVVHQ GUIHQ LKQ DOV HLQHQ ZLQGLJHQ XQZLVVHQGHQ
XQG RUGLQlUHQ -XQJHQ KlWWH YHUVWHKHQ XQG YHUDFKWHQ N|QQHQ GHU
VHLQHQRUPDOH3RUWLRQYRQhEHUPXWLQHLQZHQLJ.XQVWDXVVWU|PHQ
Ol‰WXQGGDPLW)UDXHQKHU]HQJHZLQQW(UOLH‰QLFKWVXQYHUVXFKWLKQ
]X HLQHU VROFKHQ )LJXU ]X VWHPSHOQ (U ULHI HLQ]LJ XQG DOOHLQ ]X
GLHVHP %HKXIH GLH ,QVWLQNWH VHLQHU 9lWHU LQ VLFK ZDFK GDV
DEOHKQHQGH 0L‰WUDXHQ GHV VH‰KDIWHQ XQG VSDUVDPHQ .DXIPDQQHV
JHJHQEHU GHU DEHQWHXHUOXVWLJHQ OHLFKWIHUWLJHQ XQG JHVFKlIWOLFK
XQVLFKHUHQ .ULHJHUNDVWH ,Q *HGDQNHQ VRZRKO ZLH LQ *HVSUlFKHQ
QDQQWH HU +HUUQ YRQ 7KURWD EHVWlQGLJ XQG PLW JHULQJVFKlW]LJHU
%HWRQXQJ ªGHU /HXWQDQW© XQG GDEHL IKOWH HU DOO]X JXW GD‰ GLHVHU
7LWHO QDFK DOOHQ DP VFKOHFKWHVWHQ JHHLJQHW ZDU GDV :HVHQ GLHVHV
MXQJHQ0DQQHVDXV]XGUFNHQ«


:DVIUFKWHWH7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRN"1LFKWV«1LFKWV1HQQEDUHV
$FK KlWWH HU VLFK JHJHQ HWZDV +DQGJUHLIOLFKHV (LQIDFKHV XQG
%UXWDOHV]XU:HKUVHW]HQGUIHQ(UQHLGHWHGHQ/HXWHQGRUWGUDX‰HQ
GLH6FKOLFKWKHLWGHV%LOGHVGDVVLHVLFKYRQGHU6DFKHPDFKWHQDEHU
ZlKUHQGHUKLHUVD‰XQGGHQ.RSILQGHQ+lQGHQTXDOYROOKRUFKWH
ZX‰WH HU DOO]X ZRKO GD‰ ¾%HWUXJ½ XQG ¾(KHEUXFK½ QLFKW /DXWH
ZDUHQXPGLHVLQJHQGHQXQGDEJUQGLJVWLOOHQ'LQJHEHL1DPHQ]X
QHQQHQGLHVLFKGRUWREHQEHJDEHQ
0DQFKPDO ZHQQ HU KLQDXV DXI GLH JUDXHQ *LHEHO XQG GLH
YRUEHUJHKHQGHQ %UJHU EOLFNWH ZHQQ HU VHLQH $XJHQ DXI GHU YRU
LKP KlQJHQGHQ *HGHQNWDIHO GHP -XELOlXPVJHVFKHQN GHQ 3RUWUlWV
VHLQHU9lWHUUXKHQOLH‰XQGGHU*HVFKLFKWHVHLQHV+DXVHVJHGDFKWH
VR VDJWH HU VLFK GD‰ DOO GLHV GDV (QGH YRQ DOOHP VHL XQG GD‰ QXU
GLHV ZDVMHW]W YRUJHKH QRFK JHIHKOW KDEH-D HV KDWWH QXU JHIHKOW
GD‰ VHLQH 3HUVRQ ]XP *HVS|WW ZHUGH XQG VHLQ 1DPH VHLQ
)DPLOLHQOHEHQ LQ GDV *HVFKUHL GHU /HXWH NRPPH GDPLW DOOHP GLH
.URQH DXIJHVHW]W ZUGH« $EHU GLHVHU *HGDQNH WDW LKP IDVW ZRKO
ZHLO HU LKP HLQIDFK ID‰OLFK XQG JHVXQG DXVGHQNEDU XQG
DXVVSUHFKEDU HUVFKLHQ LP 9HUJOHLFK PLW GHP %UWHQ EHU GLHVHP
VFKLPSIOLFKHQ 5lWVHO GLHVHP P\VWHUL|VHQ 6NDQGDO ]X VHLQHQ
+lXSWHQ«
(U HUWUXJ HV QLFKWOlQJHUHUVFKREGHQ 6HVVHO ]XUFN YHUOLH‰ GDV
.RQWRUXQGVWLHJLQGDV+DXVKLQDXI:RKLQVROOWHHUVLFKZHQGHQ"
,QGHQ6DORQXP+HUUQYRQ7KURWDXQEHIDQJHQXQGHLQZHQLJYRQ
REHQ KHUDE ]X EHJU‰HQ LKQ ]XP $EHQGHVVHQ ]X ELWWHQ XQG ZLH
VFKRQPHKUHUH0DOHHLQHDEVFKOlJLJH$QWZRUWHQWJHJHQ]XQHKPHQ"
'HQQ HV ZDU GDV HLJHQWOLFK 8QHUWUlJOLFKH GD‰ GHU /HXWQDQW LKQ
YROOVWlQGLJPLHGIDVWDOOHRIIL]LHOOHQ(LQODGXQJHQDEOHKQWHXQGQXU
DQ GHP SULYDWHQ XQG IUHLHQ 9HUNHKU PLW GHU 6HQDWRULQ IHVW]XKDOWHQ
EHOLHEWH«
:DUWHQ" ,UJHQGZR YLHOOHLFKW LP 5DXFK]LPPHU ZDUWHQ ELV HU
IRUWJLQJHXQGGDQQ YRU *HUGD WUHWHQ XQG VLFK PLW LKU DXVVSUHFKHQ
VLH]XU5HGHVWHOOHQ"±0DQVWHOOWH*HUGDQLFKW]XU5HGHPDQVSUDFK
VLFK QLFKW PLW LKU DXV :RUEHU" 'DV %QGQLV PLW LKU ZDU DXI
9HUVWlQGQLV 5FNVLFKW XQG 6FKZHLJHQ JHJUQGHW (V ZDU QLFKW
Q|WLJ VLFK DXFK YRU LKU QRFK OlFKHUOLFK ]X PDFKHQ 'HQ
(LIHUVFKWLJHQ VSLHOHQ KLH‰H GHQ /HXWHQ GRUW GUDX‰HQ UHFKW JHEHQ


GHQ 6NDQGDO SURNODPLHUHQ LKQ ODXW ZHUGHQ ODVVHQ« (PSIDQG HU
(LIHUVXFKW"$XIZHQ"$XIZDV"$FKZHLWHQWIHUQWHWZDVVR6WDUNHV
ZHL‰ +DQGOXQJHQ KHUYRU]XEULQJHQIDOVFKH W|ULFKWH YLHOOHLFKW DEHU
HLQJUHLIHQGH XQG EHIUHLHQGH $FK QHLQ QXU HLQ ZHQLJ $QJVW
HPSIDQG HU HLQ ZHQLJ TXlOHQGH XQG MDJHQGH $QJVW YRU GHP
*DQ]HQ«
(UJLQJLQVHLQ$QNOHLGHNDELQHWWKLQDXIXPVLFKGLH6WLUQPLW(DX
GH &RORJQH ]X ZDVFKHQ XQG VWLHJ GDQQ ZLHGHU ]XP HUVWHQ
6WRFNZHUNKLQXQWHUHQWVFKORVVHQGDV6FKZHLJHQLP6DORQXPMHGHQ
3UHLV]XEUHFKHQ$EHUDOVHUGHQVFKZDU]JROGHQHQ*ULIIGHUZHL‰HQ
7UVFKRQHUID‰WKLHOWVHW]WHPLWHLQHPVWUPLVFKHQ$XIEUDXVHQGLH
0XVLNZLHGHUHLQXQGHUZLFK]XUFN
(U JLQJ EHU GLH *HVLQGHWUHSSH LQV (UGJHVFKR‰ KLQDE EHU GLH
'LHOHXQGGHQNDOWHQ)OXUELV]XP*DUWHQNHKUWHZLHGHU]XUFNXQG
PDFKWHVLFKDXIGHU'LHOHPLWGHPDXVJHVWRSIWHQ%lUHQXQGDXIGHP
$EVDW] GHU +DXSWWUHSSH PLW GHP *ROGILVFKEDVVLQ ]X VFKDIIHQ
XQIlKLJLUJHQGZR]XU5XKH]XNRPPHQKRUFKHQGXQGODXHUQGYROO
6FKDP XQG *UDP QLHGHUJHGUFNW XQG XPKHUJHWULHEHQ YRQ GLHVHU
)XUFKWYRUGHPKHLPOLFKHQXQGYRUGHP|IIHQWOLFKHQ6NDQGDO«
(LQVWPDOVLQVROFKHU 6WXQGHDOVHULP ]ZHLWHQ 6WRFNZHUN DQ GHU
*DOHULHOHKQWHXQGGXUFKGDVOLFKWH7UHSSHQKDXVKLQXQWHUEOLFNWHZR
DOOHVVFKZLHJNDPGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQDXVVHLQHP=LPPHUGLH6WXIHQ
GHV $OWDQV KHUDE XQG EHU GHQ .RUULGRU XP VLFK LQ LUJHQGHLQHU
$QJHOHJHQKHLW]X,GD-XQJPDQQ]XEHJHEHQ(UZROOWHLQGHPHUPLW
GHP %XFKH GDV HU WUXJ GLH :DQG HQWODQJVWULFK PLW JHVHQNWHQ
$XJHQXQGHLQHPOHLVHQ*UX‰DQ VHLQHP 9DWHU YRUEHUJHKHQDEHU
GHU6HQDWRUUHGHWHLKQDQª1XQ+DQQRZDVWUHLEVWGX"©
ª,FKDUEHLWH3DSDLFKZLOO]X,GDXPLKUYRU]XEHUVHW]HQ«©
ª:LHJHKWHV":DVKDVWGXDXI"©
8QG LPPHU PLW JHVHQNWHQ :LPSHUQ DEHU UDVFK XQG VLFKWOLFK
DQJHVWUHQJW PLW HLQHU NRUUHNWHQ NODUHQ XQG JHLVWHVJHJHQZlUWLJHQ
$QWZRUW DXI]XZDUWHQ HUZLGHUWH +DQQR QDFKGHP HU HLOLJ
KLQXQWHUJHVFKOXFNW KDWWH ª:LU KDEHQ HLQH 1HSRV3UlSDUDWLRQ HLQH
NDXIPlQQLVFKH 5HFKQXQJ LQV UHLQH ]X VFKUHLEHQ IUDQ]|VLVFKH
*UDPPDWLN GLH )OVVH YRQ 1RUGDPHULND« GHXWVFKH
$XIVDW]NRUUHNWXU«©


(UVFKZLHJXQJOFNOLFKGDUEHUGD‰HU]XOHW]WQLFKW¾XQG½JHVDJW
XQGGLH6WLPPHPLW(QWVFKLHGHQKHLWJHVHQNWKDWWHGHQQQXQZX‰WH
HUQLFKWPHKU]XQHQQHQXQGGLHJDQ]H$QWZRUWZDUZLHGHUDEUXSW
XQG XQJHVFKORVVHQ KHUYRUJHEUDFKW  ª0HKU QLFKW© VDJWH HU VR
EHVWLPPWHUNRQQWHZHQQDXFKRKQHDXI]XEOLFNHQ$EHUVHLQ9DWHU
VFKLHQQLFKWGDUDXI]XDFKWHQ(UKLHOW+DQQR¶VIUHLH+DQGLQVHLQHQ
+lQGHQXQGVSLHOWHGDPLW]HUVWUHXWXQGDXJHQVFKHLQOLFKRKQHHWZDV
YRQ GHP *HVDJWHQ DXIJHIDQJHQ ]X KDEHQ ILQJHUWH XQEHZX‰W XQG
ODQJVDPDQGHQ]DUWHQ*HOHQNHQXQGVFKZLHJ
8QG GDQQ SO|W]OLFK YHUQDKP +DQQR EHU VLFK HWZDV ZDV LQ JDU
NHLQHP =XVDPPHQKDQJH PLW GHP HLJHQWOLFKHQ *HVSUlFKH VWDQG
HLQHOHLVHDQJVWYROOEHZHJWHXQGEHLQDKHEHVFKZ|UHQGH6WLPPHGLH
HUQRFKQLHJHK|UWGLH6WLPPHVHLQHV9DWHUVGHQQRFKZHOFKHVDJWH
ª1XQLVWGHU/HXWQDQWVFKRQ]ZHL6WXQGHQEHL0DPD«+DQQR«©
8QG VLHKH GD EHL GLHVHP .ODQJH VFKOXJ GHU NOHLQH -RKDQQ VHLQH
JROGEUDXQHQ$XJHQDXIXQGULFKWHWHVLHJUR‰NODUXQGOLHEHYROOZLH
QRFK QLHPDOV DXI VHLQHV 9DWHUV *HVLFKW GLHVHV *HVLFKW PLW GHQ
JHU|WHWHQ/LGHUQXQWHUGHQKHOOHQ%UDXHQXQGGHQZHL‰HQHLQZHQLJ
JHGXQVHQHQ :DQJHQ GLH YRQ GHQ ODQJ DXVJH]RJHQHQ 6SLW]HQ GHV
6FKQXUUEDUWHV VWDUU EHUUDJW ZXUGHQ *RWW ZHL‰ ZLHYLHO HU EHJULII
'DV HLQH DEHU ZDU VLFKHU XQG VLH IKOWHQ HV EHLGH GD‰ LQ GLHVHQ
6HNXQGHQ ZlKUHQG LKUH %OLFNH LQHLQDQGHU UXKWHQ MHGH )UHPGKHLW
XQG .lOWH MHGHU =ZDQJ XQG MHGHV 0L‰YHUVWlQGQLV ]ZLVFKHQ LKQHQ
GDKLQVDQN GD‰ 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN ZLH KLHU VR EHUDOO ZR HV
VLFKQLFKWXP(QHUJLH7FKWLJNHLWXQGKHOOlXJLJH)ULVFKH VRQGHUQ
XP )XUFKW XQG /HLGHQ KDQGHOWH GHV 9HUWUDXHQV XQG GHU +LQJDEH
VHLQHV6RKQHVJHZL‰VHLQNRQQWH
(UDFKWHWHGHVVHQQLFKWHUVWUlXEWHVLFKGHVVHQ]XDFKWHQ6WUHQJHU
DOV MHPDOV ]RJ HU +DQQR LQ GLHVHU =HLW ]X SUDNWLVFKHQ 9RUEXQJHQ
IU VHLQ NQIWLJHV WlWLJHV /HEHQ KHUDQ H[DPLQLHUWH HU VHLQH
*HLVWHVNUlIWH GUDQJ HU LQ LKQ QDFK HQWVFKORVVHQHQ bX‰HUXQJHQ GHU
/XVW ]X GHP %HUXI GHU VHLQHU KDUUWH XQG EUDFK LQ =RUQ DXV EHL
MHGHP=HLFKHQGHV:LGHUVWUHEHQVXQGGHU0DWWLJNHLW«'HQQHVZDU
DQ GHP GD‰ 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN DFKWXQGYLHU]LJ -DKUH DOW VHLQH
7DJH PHKU XQG PHKU DOV JH]lKOW EHWUDFKWHWH XQG PLW VHLQHP QDKHQ
7RGH]XUHFKQHQEHJDQQ


6HLQN|USHUOLFKHV%HILQGHQKDWWHVLFKYHUVFKOHFKWHUW$SSHWLWXQG
6FKODIORVLJNHLW 6FKZLQGHO XQG MHQH 6FKWWHOIU|VWH ]X GHQHQ HU
LPPHU JHQHLJW KDWWH ]ZDQJHQ LKQ PHKUHUH 0DOH 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV
]X 5DWH ]X ]LHKHQ $EHU HU JHODQJWH QLFKW GD]X GHV $U]WHV
9HURUGQXQJHQ ]X EHIROJHQ 6HLQH :LOOHQVNUDIW LQ -DKUHQ YROO
JHVFKlIWLJHU XQG JHKHW]WHU 7DWHQORVLJNHLW DQJHJULIIHQ UHLFKWH QLFKW
GD]X DXV (U KDWWH EHJRQQHQ DP 0RUJHQ VHKU ODQJH ]X VFKODIHQ
REJOHLFKHUMHGHQ$EHQGGHQ]RUQLJHQ(QWVFKOX‰ID‰WHVLFKIUK]X
HUKHEHQXPGHQDQEHIRKOHQHQ6SD]LHUJDQJYRUP7HH]XPDFKHQ,Q
:LUNOLFKNHLWIKUWHHUGLHV]ZHLRGHUGUHLPDODXV«XQGVRJLQJHV
LQDOOXQGMHGHU6DFKH'LHEHVWlQGLJH$QVSDQQXQJGHV:LOOHQVRKQH
(UIROJXQG*HQXJWXXQJ]HKUWHDQVHLQHU6HOEVWDFKWXQJXQGVWLPPWH
LKQ YHU]ZHLIHOW (U ZDU ZHLW HQWIHUQW VLFK GHQ EHWlXEHQGHQ *HQX‰
GHUNOHLQHQVFKDUIHQUXVVLVFKHQ=LJDUHWWHQ]XYHUVDJHQGLH HU VHLW
VHLQHU-XJHQGVFKRQWlJOLFKLQ0DVVHQUDXFKWH(UVDJWHGHP'RNWRU
/DQJKDOV RKQH 8PVFKZHLIH LQ VHLQ HLWOHV *HVLFKW KLQHLQ ª6HKHQ
6LH'RNWRUPLUGLH=LJDUHWWHQ ]X YHUELHWHQLVW ,KUH 3IOLFKW«HLQH
VHKU OHLFKWH XQG VHKU DQJHQHKPH 3IOLFKW ZDKUKDIWLJ 'DV 9HUERW
LQQH]XKDOWHQLVWPHLQH6DFKHGDEHLGUIHQ6LH]XVHKHQ«1HLQZLU
ZROOHQ ]XVDPPHQ DQ PHLQHU *HVXQGKHLW DUEHLWHQ DEHU GLH 5ROOHQ
VLQG ]X XQJHUHFKW YHUWHLOW PLU IlOOW HLQ ]X JUR‰HU $QWHLO DQ GLHVHU
$UEHLW ]X /DFKHQ 6LH QLFKW« 'DV LVW NHLQ :LW]« 0DQ LVW VR
IUFKWHUOLFKDOOHLQ«,FKUDXFKH'DUILFKELWWHQ"©
8QGHUSUlVHQWLHUWHLKPVHLQ7XOD(WXL«
$OOHVHLQH.UlIWHQDKPHQDEZDVVLFKLQLKPYHUVWlUNWHZDUDOOHLQ
GLHhEHU]HXJXQJGD‰GLHVDOOHVQLFKWPHKUODQJHZlKUHQN|QQHXQG
GD‰ VHLQ +LQWULWW QDKH EHYRUVWHKH (V NDPHQ LKP VHOWVDPH XQG
DKQXQJVYROOH 9RUVWHOOXQJHQ (LQLJH 0DOH EHILHO LKQ EHL 7LVFKH GLH
(PSILQGXQJ GD‰ HU VFKRQ QLFKW PHKU HLJHQWOLFK PLW GHQ 6HLQHQ
]XVDPPHQVLW]H VRQGHUQ LQ HLQH JHZLVVH YHUVFKZRPPHQH )HUQH
HQWUFNW]XLKQHQKLQEHUEOLFNH«,FKZHUGHVWHUEHQVDJWHHUVLFK
XQGHUULHIDEHUPDOV+DQQR]XVLFKXQGVSUDFKDXILKQHLQª,FKNDQQ
IUKHU GDKLQJHKHQ DOV ZLU GHQNHQ PHLQ 6RKQ 'X PX‰W GDQQ DP
3ODW]HVHLQ$XFKLFKELQIUKEHUXIHQZRUGHQ«%HJUHLIHGRFKGD‰
GHLQH,QGLIIHUHQ]PLFKTXlOW%LVWGXQXQHQWVFKORVVHQ"«-D±MD±
GDVLVWNHLQH$QWZRUWGDVLVWZLHGHUNHLQH$QWZRUW2EGXPLW0XW
XQG )UHXGLJNHLW HQWVFKORVVHQ ELVW IUDJH LFK« *ODXEVW GX GD‰ GX


*HOG JHQXJ KDVW XQG QLFKWV ZLUVW ]X WXQ EUDXFKHQ" 'X KDVW QLFKWV
GXKDVWELWWHUZHQLJGXZLUVWJlQ]OLFKDXIGLFKVHOEVWJHVWHOOWVHLQ
:HQQ GX OHEHQ ZLOOVW XQG VRJDU JXW OHEHQ VR ZLUVW GX DUEHLWHQ
PVVHQVFKZHUKDUWKlUWHUQRFKDOVLFK«©
$EHUHVZDUQLFKWQXUGLHVHVZDUQLFKWPHKUDOOHLQGLH6RUJHXP
GLH=XNXQIWVHLQHV6RKQHVXQGVHLQHV+DXVHVXQWHUGHUHUOLWW(WZDV
DQGHUHV1HXHVNDPEHULKQEHPlFKWLJWHVLFKVHLQHUXQGWULHEVHLQH
PGHQ *HGDQNHQ YRU VLFK KHU« 6REDOG HU QlPOLFK VHLQ ]HLWOLFKHV
(QGH QLFKW PHKU DOV HLQH IHUQH WKHRUHWLVFKH XQG XQEHWUlFKWOLFKH
1RWZHQGLJNHLW VRQGHUQ DOV HWZDV JDQ] 1DKHV XQG *UHLIEDUHV
EHWUDFKWHWH IU GDV HV XQPLWWHOEDUH 9RUEHUHLWXQJHQ ]X WUHIIHQ JDOW
EHJDQQHU]XJUEHOQLQVLFK]XIRUVFKHQVHLQ9HUKlOWQLV]XP7RGH
XQGGHQXQLUGLVFKHQ)UDJHQ]XSUIHQ«XQGEHUHLWV EHL GHQ HUVWHQ
GHUDUWLJHQ 9HUVXFKHQ HUJDE VLFK LKP DOV 5HVXOWDW HLQH KHLOORVH
8QUHLIHXQG8QEHUHLWVFKDIWVHLQHV*HLVWHV]XVWHUEHQ
'HU%XFKVWDEHQJODXEHGDVVFKZlUPHULVFKH%LEHOFKULVWHQWXPGDV
VHLQ 9DWHU PLW HLQHP VHKU SUDNWLVFKHQ *HVFKlIWVVLQQ ]X YHUELQGHQ
JHZX‰W XQG GDV VSlWHU DXFK VHLQH 0XWWHU EHUQRPPHQ KDWWH ZDU
LKPLPPHUIUHPGJHZHVHQ6HLQ/HEWDJYLHOPHKUKDWWHHUGHQHUVWHQ
XQG OHW]WHQ 'LQJHQ GLH ZHOWPlQQLVFKH 6NHSVLV VHLQHV *UR‰YDWHUV
HQWJHJHQJHEUDFKW ]X WLHI DEHU ]X JHLVWUHLFK XQG ]X PHWDSK\VLVFK
EHGUIWLJXPLQGHUEHKDJOLFKHQ2EHUIOlFKOLFKNHLWGHVDOWHQ-RKDQQ
%XGGHQEURRN *HQJH ]X ILQGHQ KDWWH HU VLFK GLH )UDJHQ GHU
(ZLJNHLWXQG8QVWHUEOLFKNHLWKLVWRULVFKEHDQWZRUWHWXQGVLFKJHVDJW
GD‰ HU LQ VHLQHQ 9RUIDKUHQ JHOHEW KDEH XQG LQ VHLQHQ 1DFKIDKUHQ
OHEHQZHUGH'LHVKDWWHQLFKWDOOHLQPLWVHLQHP)DPLOLHQVLQQVHLQHP
3DWUL]LHUVHOEVWEHZX‰WVHLQ VHLQHU JHVFKLFKWOLFKHQ 3LHWlW
EHUHLQJHVWLPPW HV KDWWH LKQ DXFK LQ VHLQHU 7lWLJNHLW VHLQHP
(KUJHL] VHLQHU JDQ]HQ /HEHQVIKUXQJ XQWHUVWW]W XQG EHNUlIWLJW
1XQ DEHU ]HLJWH VLFK GD‰ HV YRU GHP QDKHQ XQG GXUFKGULQJHQGHQ
$XJH GHV 7RGHV GDKLQVDQN XQG ]XQLFKWH ZDUG XQIlKLJ DXFK QXU
HLQH6WXQGHGHU%HUXKLJXQJXQG%HUHLWVFKDIWKHUYRU]XEULQJHQ
2EJOHLFK 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN LQ VHLQHP /HEHQ KLH XQG GD PLW
HLQHUNOHLQHQ1HLJXQJ]XP.DWKROL]LVPXVJHVSLHOWKDWWHZDUHUGRFK
JDQ] HUIOOW YRQ GHP HUQVWHQ WLHIHQ ELV ]XU 6HOEVWSHLQLJXQJ
VWUHQJHQ XQG XQHUELWWOLFKHQ 9HUDQWZRUWOLFKNHLWVJHIKO GHV HFKWHQ
XQG OHLGHQVFKDIWOLFKHQ 3URWHVWDQWHQ 1HLQ GHP +|FKVWHQ XQG


/HW]WHQ JHJHQEHU JDE HV NHLQHQ %HLVWDQG YRQ DX‰HQ NHLQH
9HUPLWWOXQJ $EVROXWLRQ %HWlXEXQJ XQG 7U|VWXQJ *DQ] HLQVDP
VHOEVWlQGLJXQGDXVHLJHQHU.UDIWPX‰WHPDQLQKHL‰HUXQGHPVLJHU
$UEHLW HKH HV ]X VSlW ZDU GDV 5lWVHO HQWZLUUHQ XQG VLFK NODUH
%HUHLWVFKDIW HUULQJHQ RGHU LQ 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ GDKLQIDKUHQ« 8QG
7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNZDQGWHVLFKHQWWlXVFKWXQGKRIIQXQJVORVYRQ
VHLQHPHLQ]LJHQ6RKQHDELQGHPHUVWDUNXQGYHUMQJWIRUW]XOHEHQ
JHKRIIWKDWWHXQGILQJDQLQ+DVWXQG)XUFKWQDFKGHU:DKUKHLW]X
VXFKHQGLHHVLUJHQGZRIULKQJHEHQPX‰WH«
(V ZDU GHU +RFKVRPPHU GHV -DKUHV YLHUXQGVLHE]LJ 6LOEHUZHL‰H
UXQGOLFKH :RONHQ ]RJHQ DP WLHIEODXHQ +LPPHO EHU GLH ]LHUOLFKH
6\PPHWULHGHV6WDGWJDUWHQVKLQLQGHQ=ZHLJHQGHV:DOQX‰EDXPHV
]ZLWVFKHUWHQGLH9|JHOPLWIUDJHQGHU%HWRQXQJGHU6SULQJEUXQQHQ
SOlWVFKHUWH LQPLWWHQ GHV .UDQ]HV YRQ KRKHQ OLODIDUEHQHQ
6FKZHUWOLOLHQGHULKQXPJDEXQGGHU'XIWGHV)OLHGHUVYHUPLVFKWH
VLFK OHLGHU PLW GHP 6LUXSJHUXFK GHQ HLQ ZDUPHU /XIW]XJ YRQ GHU
QDKHQ =XFNHUEUHQQHUHL KHUEHUWUXJ =XP (UVWDXQHQ GHV 3HUVRQDOV
YHUOLH‰GHU6HQDWRUMHW]WRIWPDOVLQYROOHU$UEHLWV]HLWGDV.RQWRUXP
VLFKGLH+lQGHDXIGHP5FNHQLQVHLQHP*DUWHQ]XHUJHKHQGHQ
.LHV ]X KDUNHQ GHQ 6FKODPP YRP 6SULQJEUXQQHQ ]X ILVFKHQ RGHU
HLQHQ5RVHQ]ZHLJ]XVWW]HQ«6HLQ*HVLFKWPLWGHQKHOOHQ%UDXHQ
YRQ GHQHQ HLQH HLQ ZHQLJ HPSRUJH]RJHQ ZDU VFKLHQ HUQVW XQG
DXIPHUNVDP EHL GLHVHQ %HVFKlIWLJXQJHQ DEHU VHLQH *HGDQNHQ
JLQJHQZHLWIRUWLP'XQNOHQLKUHHLJHQHQPKVHOLJHQ3IDGH
0DQFKPDOVHW]WHHUVLFKDXIGHU+|KHGHUNOHLQHQ7HUUDVVHLQGHQ
YRQ :HLQODXE JlQ]OLFK HLQJHKOOWHQ 3DYLOORQ XQG EOLFNWH RKQH
HWZDV]X VHKHQEHU GHQ *DUWHQ KLQ DXI GLH URWH 5FNZDQG VHLQHV
+DXVHV 'LH /XIW ZDU ZDUP XQG V‰ XQG HV ZDU DOV RE GLH
IULHGOLFKHQ*HUlXVFKHULQJVXPKHULKPEHVlQIWLJHQG]XVSUlFKHQXQG
LKQ HLQ]XOXOOHQ WUDFKWHWHQ 0GH YRP ,QV/HHUH6WDUUHQ YRQ
(LQVDPNHLWXQG6FKZHLJHQVFKOR‰HUGDQQXQGZDQQGLH$XJHQXP
VLFKDOVEDOGZLHGHUDXI]XUDIIHQXQGKDVWLJGHQ)ULHGHQYRQVLFK]X
VFKHXFKHQ ,FK PX‰ GHQNHQ VDJWH HU EHLQDKH ODXW« ,FK PX‰ DOOHV
RUGQHQHKHHV]XVSlWLVW«
+LHUDEHUZDUHVLQGLHVHP3DYLOORQLQGHPNOHLQHQ6FKDXNHOVWXKO
DXV JHOEHP 5RKU ZR HU HLQHV 7DJHV YLHU YROOH 6WXQGHQ ODQJ PLW
ZDFKVHQGHU(UJULIIHQKHLWLQHLQHP%XFKHODVGDVKDOEJHVXFKWKDOE


]XIlOOLJLQVHLQH+lQGHJHUDWHQZDU«1DFKGHP]ZHLWHQ)UKVWFN
GLH=LJDUHWWHLP0XQGHKDWWHHUHVLP5DXFK]LPPHULQHLQHPWLHIHQ
:LQNHO GHV %FKHUVFKUDQNHV KLQWHU VWDWWOLFKHQ %lQGHQ YHUVWHFNW
JHIXQGHQ XQG VLFK HULQQHUW GD‰ HU HV HLQVW YRU -DKU XQG 7DJ EHLP
%XFKKlQGOHU ]X HLQHP *HOHJHQKHLWVSUHLVH DFKWORV HUVWDQGHQ KDWWH
HLQ ]LHPOLFK XPIDQJUHLFKHV DXI GQQHP XQG JHOEOLFKHP 3DSLHU
VFKOHFKW JHGUXFNWHV XQG VFKOHFKW JHKHIWHWHV :HUN GHU ]ZHLWH 7HLO
QXUHLQHVEHUKPWHQPHWDSK\VLVFKHQ6\VWHPV«(UKDWWHHVPLWVLFK
LQGHQ*DUWHQJHQRPPHQXQG ZDQGWH QXQLQWLHIHU9HUVXQNHQKHLW
%ODWWXP%ODWW«
(LQHXQJHNDQQWHJUR‰HXQGGDQNEDUH=XIULHGHQKHLWHUIOOWHLKQ(U
HPSIDQG GLH XQYHUJOHLFKOLFKH *HQXJWXXQJ ]X VHKHQ ZLH HLQ
JHZDOWLJ EHUOHJHQHV *HKLUQ VLFK GHV /HEHQV GLHVHV VR VWDUNHQ
JUDXVDPHQXQGK|KQLVFKHQ/HEHQVEHPlFKWLJWXPHV]XEH]ZLQJHQ
XQG ]X YHUXUWHLOHQ« GLH *HQXJWXXQJ GHV /HLGHQGHQ GHU YRU GHU
.lOWH XQG +lUWH GHV /HEHQV VHLQ /HLGHQ EHVWlQGLJ VFKDPYROO XQG
E|VHQ *HZLVVHQV YHUVWHFNW KLHOW XQG SO|W]OLFK DXV GHU +DQG HLQHV
*UR‰HQXQG:HLVHQGLH JUXQGVlW]OLFKH XQGIHLHUOLFKH %HUHFKWLJXQJ
HUKlOWDQGHU:HOW]XOHLGHQGLHVHUEHVWHQDOOHUGHQNEDUHQ:HOWHQ
YRQ GHU PLW VSLHOHQGHP +RKQH EHZLHVHQ ZDUG GD‰ VLH GLH
VFKOHFKWHVWHDOOHUGHQNEDUHQVHL
(UEHJULIIQLFKWDOOHV3ULQ]LSLHQXQG9RUDXVVHW]XQJHQEOLHEHQLKP
XQNODU XQG VHLQ 6LQQ LQ VROFKHU /HNWUH XQJHEW YHUPRFKWH
JHZLVVHQ *HGDQNHQJlQJHQ QLFKW ]X IROJHQ $EHU JHUDGH GHU
:HFKVHO YRQ /LFKW XQG )LQVWHUQLV YRQ GXPSIHU
9HUVWlQGQLVORVLJNHLW YDJHP $KQHQ XQG SO|W]OLFKHU +HOOVLFKW KLHOW
LKQ LQ $WHP XQG GLH 6WXQGHQVFKZDQGHQ RKQH GD‰ HU YRP %XFKH
DXIJHEOLFNWRGHUDXFKQXUVHLQH6WHOOXQJLP6WXKOHYHUlQGHUWKlWWH
(U KDWWH DQIlQJOLFK PDQFKH 6HLWH XQJHOHVHQ JHODVVHQ XQG UDVFK
YRUZlUWVVFKUHLWHQG XQEHZX‰W XQG HLOLJ QDFK GHU +DXSWVDFKH QDFK
GHP HLJHQWOLFK :LFKWLJHQ YHUODQJHQG VLFK QXU GLHVHQ RGHU MHQHQ
$EVFKQLWW]XHLJHQJHPDFKWGHULKQIHVVHOWH'DQQDEHUVWLH‰HUDXI
HLQ XPIlQJOLFKHV .DSLWHO GDV HU YRP HUVWHQ ELV ]XP OHW]WHQ
%XFKVWDEHQ GXUFKODV PLW IHVWJHVFKORVVHQHQ /LSSHQ XQG
]XVDPPHQJH]RJHQHQ %UDXHQ HUQVW PLW HLQHP YROONRPPHQHQ
EHLQDKH HUVWRUEHQHQ YRQ NHLQHU 5HJXQJ GHV /HEHQV XP LKQ KHU
EHHLQIOX‰EDUHQ(UQVWLQGHU0LHQH (VWUXJ DEHU GLHVHV .DSLWHO GHQ


7LWHO ¾hEHU GHQ 7RG XQG VHLQ 9HUKlOWQLV ]XU 8Q]HUVW|UEDUNHLW
XQVHUHV:HVHQVDQVLFK½
,KP IHKOWHQ ZHQLJH =HLOHQ DOV XP YLHU 8KU GDV )ROJPlGFKHQ
GXUFK GHQ *DUWHQ NDP XQG LKQ ]X 7LVFKH EDW (U QLFNWH ODV GLH
EULJHQ6lW]HVFKOR‰GDV%XFKXQGEOLFNWHXPVLFK«(UIKOWHVHLQ
JDQ]HV :HVHQ DXI XQJHKHXHUOLFKH $UW JHZHLWHW XQG YRQ HLQHU
VFKZHUHQ GXQNOHQ 7UXQNHQKHLW HUIOOW VHLQHQ 6LQQ XPQHEHOW XQG
YROOVWlQGLJ EHUDXVFKW YRQ LUJHQG HWZDV XQVlJOLFK 1HXHP
/RFNHQGHP XQG 9HUKHL‰XQJVYROOHP GDV DQ HUVWH KRIIHQGH
/LHEHVVHKQVXFKW JHPDKQWH $EHU DOV HU PLW NDOWHQ XQG XQVLFKHUHQ
+lQGHQGDV%XFKLQGHU6FKXEODGHGHV*DUWHQWLVFKHVYHUZDKUWHZDU
VHLQ JOKHQGHU .RSI LQ GHP HLQ VHOWVDPHU 'UXFN HLQH
EHlQJVWLJHQGH 6SDQQXQJ KHUUVFKWH DOV N|QQWH LUJHQG HWZDV GDULQ
]HUVSULQJHQQLFKWHLQHVYROONRPPHQHQ*HGDQNHQVIlKLJ
:DV ZDU GLHV" IUDJWH HU VLFK ZlKUHQG HU LQV +DXV JLQJ GLH
+DXSWWUHSSH HUVWLHJ XQG VLFK LP (‰]LPPHU ]X GHQ 6HLQHQ VHW]WH«
:DVLVWPLUJHVFKHKHQ":DVKDEHLFKYHUQRPPHQ":DVLVW]XPLU
JHVSURFKHQ ZRUGHQ ]X PLU 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN 5DWVKHUU GLHVHU
6WDGW&KHIGHU*HWUHLGHILUPD-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRN«":DUGLHVIU
PLFKEHVWLPPW".DQQLFKHVHUWUDJHQ",FKZHL‰QLFKWZDVHVZDU«
LFKZHL‰QXUGD‰HV]XYLHO]XYLHOLVWIUPHLQ%UJHUKLUQ«
,Q GLHVHP =XVWDQGH HLQHV VFKZHUHQ GXQNOHQ WUXQNHQHQ XQG
JHGDQNHQORVHQ hEHUZlOWLJWVHLQV YHUEOLHE HU GHQ JDQ]HQ 7DJ 'DQQ
DEHU NDP GHU $EHQG XQG XQIlKLJ VHLQHQ .RSI OlQJHU DXI GHQ
6FKXOWHUQ ]X KDOWHQ JLQJ HU IUK]HLWLJ ]X %HWWH (U VFKOLHI GUHL
6WXQGHQ ODQJ WLHI XQHUUHLFKEDU WLHI ZLH QRFK QLHPDOV LQ VHLQHP
/HEHQ'DQQHUZDFKWHHUVRMlKVRN|VWOLFKHUVFKURFNHQZLHPDQ
HLQVDPHUZDFKWPLWHLQHUNHLPHQGHQ/LHEHLP+HU]HQ
(U ZX‰WH VLFK DOOHLQ LQ GHP JUR‰HQ 6FKODIJHPDFK GHQQ *HUGD
VFKOLHIMHW]WLQ,GD-XQJPDQQV=LPPHUGLHNU]OLFKXPQlKHUEHLP
NOHLQHQ-RKDQQ]XVHLQHLQHVGHUGUHL$OWDQ=LPPHUEH]RJHQKDWWH
(V KHUUVFKWH GLFKWH 1DFKW XP LKQ KHU GD GLH 9RUKlQJH GHU EHLGHQ
KRKHQ)HQVWHUJHVFKORVVHQZDUHQ,QWLHIHU6WLOOHXQGVDFKWODVWHQGHU
6FKZOHODJHUDXIGHP5FNHQXQGEOLFNWHLQGDV'XQNHOHPSRU
8QGVLHKHGDSO|W]OLFKZDUHVDOVZHQQGLH)LQVWHUQLVYRUVHLQHQ
$XJHQ]HUULVVHZLHZHQQGLHVDPWQH:DQGGHU1DFKWVLFKNODIIHQG


WHLOWH XQG HLQH XQHUPH‰OLFK WLHIH HLQH HZLJH )HUQVLFKW YRQ /LFKW
HQWKOOWH« ,FK ZHUGH OHEHQ VDJWH 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN EHLQDKH
ODXW XQG IKOWH ZLH VHLQH %UXVW GDEHL YRU LQQHUOLFKHP 6FKOXFK]HQ
HU]LWWHUWH'LHVLVWHVGD‰LFKOHEHQZHUGH(VZLUGOHEHQ«XQGGD‰
GLHVHV(VQLFKWLFKELQGDVLVWQXUHLQH7lXVFKXQJGDVZDUQXUHLQ
,UUWXPGHQGHU7RGEHULFKWLJHQZLUG6RLVWHVVRLVWHV«:DUXP"
 8QG EHL GLHVHU )UDJH VFKOXJ GLH 1DFKW ZLHGHU YRU VHLQHQ $XJHQ
]XVDPPHQ(UVDKHUZX‰WHXQGYHUVWDQGZLHGHUQLFKWGDVJHULQJVWH
PHKU XQG OLH‰ VLFK WLHIHU LQ GLH .LVVHQ ]XUFNVLQNHQ JlQ]OLFK
JHEOHQGHW XQG HUPDWWHW YRQ GHP EL‰FKHQ :DKUKHLW GDV HU VRHEHQ
KDWWHHUVFKDXHQGUIHQ
8QG HU ODJ VWLOOH XQG ZDUWHWH LQEUQVWLJ IKOWH VLFK YHUVXFKW ]X
EHWHQGD‰HVQRFKHLQPDONRPPHQXQGLKQHUKHOOHQP|JH8QGHV
NDP0LWJHIDOWHWHQ+lQGHQRKQHHLQH5HJXQJ]XZDJHQODJHUXQG
GXUIWHVFKDXHQ«
:DVZDUGHU7RG"'LH$QWZRUWGDUDXIHUVFKLHQLKPQLFKWLQDUPHQ
XQG ZLFKWLJWXHULVFKHQ :RUWHQ HU IKOWH VLH HU EHVD‰VLH ]XLQQHUVW
'HU 7RG ZDU HLQ *OFN VR WLHI GD‰ HV QXU LQ EHJQDGHWHQ
$XJHQEOLFNHQ ZLH GLHVHP JDQ] ]X HUPHVVHQ ZDU (U ZDU GLH
5FNNXQIW YRQ HLQHP XQVlJOLFK SHLQOLFKHQ ,UUJDQJ GLH .RUUHNWXU
HLQHV VFKZHUHQ )HKOHUV GLH %HIUHLXQJ YRQ GHQ ZLGULJVWHQ %DQGHQ
XQG 6FKUDQNHQ ± HLQHQ EHNODJHQVZHUWHQ 8QJOFNVIDOO PDFKWH HU
ZLHGHUJXW
(QGHXQG$XIO|VXQJ"'UHLPDOHUEDUPXQJVZUGLJMHGHUGHUGLHVH
QLFKWLJHQ%HJULIIHDOV6FKUHFNQLVVHHPSIDQG:DVZUGHHQGHQXQG
ZDV VLFK DXIO|VHQ" 'LHVHU VHLQ /HLE« 'LHVH VHLQH 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW
XQG ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW GLHVHV VFKZHUIlOOLJH VW|UULVFKH IHKOHUKDIWH XQG
KDVVHQVZHUWH+LQGHUQLVHWZDV$QGHUHVXQG%HVVHUHV]XVHLQ
:DUQLFKWMHGHU0HQVFKHLQ0L‰JULIIXQG)HKOWULWW"*HULHWHUQLFKW
LQ HLQH SHLQYROOH +DIW VRZLH HU JHERUHQ ZDUG" *HIlQJQLV
*HIlQJQLV 6FKUDQNHQ XQG %DQGH EHUDOO 'XUFK GLH *LWWHUIHQVWHU
VHLQHU ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW VWDUUW GHU 0HQVFK KRIIQXQJVORV DXI GLH
5LQJPDXHUQGHUlX‰HUHQ8PVWlQGHELVGHU7RGNRPPWXQGLKQ]X
+HLPNHKUXQG)UHLKHLWUXIW«
,QGLYLGXDOLWlW« $FK ZDV PDQ LVW NDQQ XQG KDW VFKHLQW DUP
JUDX XQ]XOlQJOLFK XQG ODQJZHLOLJ ZDV PDQ DEHU QLFKW LVW QLFKW


NDQQ XQG QLFKW KDW GDV HEHQ LVW HV ZRUDXI PDQ PLW MHQHP
VHKQVFKWLJHQ1HLGHEOLFNWGHU]XU/LHEHZLUGZHLOHUVLFKIUFKWHW
]XP+D‰]XZHUGHQ
,FK WUDJH GHQ .HLP GHQ $QVDW] GLH 0|JOLFKNHLW ]X DOOHQ
%HIlKLJXQJHQ XQG %HWlWLJXQJHQ GHU :HOW LQ PLU« :R N|QQWH LFK
VHLQZHQQLFKQLFKWKLHUZlUH:HUZDVZLHN|QQWHLFKVHLQZHQQ
LFKQLFKWLFKZlUHZHQQGLHVHPHLQHSHUV|QOLFKH(UVFKHLQXQJPLFK
QLFKWDEVFKO|VVHXQGPHLQ%HZX‰WVHLQYRQGHPDOOHUGHUHUWUHQQWH
GLH QLFKW LFK VLQG 2UJDQLVPXV %OLQGH XQEHGDFKWH EHGDXHUOLFKH
(UXSWLRQ GHV GUlQJHQGHQ :LOOHQV %HVVHU ZDKUKDIWLJ GLHVHU :LOOH
ZHEW IUHL LQ UlXP XQG ]HLWORVHU 1DFKW DOVGD‰ HU LQ HLQHP .HUNHU
VFKPDFKWHWGHUYRQGHP]LWWHUQGHQXQGZDQNHQGHQ)OlPPFKHQGHV
,QWHOOHNWVQRWGUIWLJHUKHOOWZLUG
,Q PHLQHP 6RKQH KDEH LFK IRUW]XOHEHQ JHKRIIW" ,Q HLQHU QRFK
lQJVWOLFKHUHQ VFKZlFKHUHQ VFKZDQNHQGHUHQ 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW"
.LQGLVFKHLUUHJHIKUWH7RUKHLW:DVVROOPLUHLQ6RKQ",FKEUDXFKH
NHLQHQ6RKQ«:RLFKVHLQZHUGHZHQQLFKWRWELQ"$EHUHVLVWVR
OHXFKWHQG NODUVR EHUZlOWLJHQG HLQIDFK ,Q DOOHQ GHQHQ ZHUGH LFK
VHLQ GLH MH XQG MH ,FK JHVDJW KDEHQ VDJHQ XQG VDJHQ ZHUGHQ
EHVRQGHUVDEHULQGHQHQGLHHVYROOHUNUlIWLJHUIU|KOLFKHUVDJHQ«
,UJHQGZR LQ GHU :HOW ZlFKVW HLQ .QDEH DXI JXW DXVJHUVWHW XQG
ZRKOJHOXQJHQ EHJDEW VHLQH )lKLJNHLWHQ ]X HQWZLFNHOQ JHUDGH
JHZDFKVHQ XQG XQJHWUEW UHLQ JUDXVDP XQG PXQWHU HLQHU YRQ
GLHVHQ0HQVFKHQGHUHQ$QEOLFNGDV*OFN GHU *OFNOLFKHQ HUK|KW
XQGGLH8QJOFNOLFKHQ]XU9HU]ZHLIOXQJWUHLEW'DVLVWPHLQ6RKQ
'DVELQLFKEDOG«EDOGVREDOGGHU7RGPLFKYRQGHPDUPVHOLJHQ
:DKQHEHIUHLWLFKVHLQLFKWVRZRKOHUZLHLFK«
+DEH LFK MH GDV /HEHQ JHKD‰W GLHVHV UHLQH JUDXVDPH XQG VWDUNH
/HEHQ" 7RUKHLW XQG 0L‰YHUVWlQGQLV 1XU PLFK KDEH LFK JHKD‰W
GDIU GD‰ LFK HV QLFKW HUWUDJHQ NRQQWH $EHU LFK OLHEH HXFK   LFK
KHEHHXFKDOOHLKU*OFNOLFKHQXQGEDOGZHUGHLFKDXIK|UHQGXUFK
HLQH HQJH +DIW YRQ HXFK DXVJHVFKORVVHQ ]X VHLQ EDOG ZLUG GDV LQ
PLUZDVHXFKKHEWZLUGPHLQH/LHEH]XHXFKIUHLZHUGHQXQG EHL
XQGLQHXFKVHLQEHLHXFKXQGLQHXFKDOOHQ
(UZHLQWHSUH‰WHGDV*HVLFKWLQGLH.LVVHQXQGZHLQWHGXUFKEHEW
XQGZLHLP5DXVFKHHPSRUJHKREHQYRQHLQHP*OFNGHPNHLQVLQ


GHU :HOW DQ VFKPHU]OLFKHU 6‰LJNHLW ]X YHUJOHLFKHQ 'LHV ZDU HV
GLHV DOOHV ZDV LKQ VHLW JHVWHUQ QDFKPLWWDJ WUXQNHQ XQG GXQNHO
HUIOOWZDVVLFKLQPLWWHQGHU1DFKWLQVHLQHP+HU]HQJHUHJWXQGLKQ
JHZHFNW KDWWH ZLH HLQH NHLPHQGH /LHEH 8QG ZlKUHQG HU HV QXQ
EHJUHLIHQ XQG HUNHQQHQ GXUIWH  QLFKW LQ :RUWHQ XQG
DXIHLQDQGHUIROJHQGHQ *HGDQNHQ VRQGHUQ LQ SO|W]OLFKHQ
EHVHOLJHQGHQ(UKHOOXQJHQVHLQHV,QQHUHQ±ZDUHUVFKRQIUHLZDUHU
JDQ] HLJHQWOLFK VFKRQ HUO|VW XQG DOOHU QDWUOLFKHQ ZLH NQVWOLFKHQ
6FKUDQNHQ XQG %DQGH HQWOHGLJW 'LH 0DXHUQ VHLQHU 9DWHUVWDGW LQ
GHQHQHUVLFKPLW:LOOHQXQG%HZX‰WVHLQHLQJHVFKORVVHQWDWHQVLFK
DXIXQGHUVFKORVVHQVHLQHP%OLFNHGLH:HOWGLHJDQ]H:HOWYRQGHU
HU LQMXQJHQ-DKUHQ GLHVXQGMHQHV 6WFNFKHQ JHVHKHQ XQG GLH GHU
7RG LKP JDQ] XQG JDU ]X VFKHQNHQ YHUVSUDFK 'LH WUJHULVFKHQ
(UNHQQWQLVIRUPHQGHV5DXPHVGHU=HLWXQGDOVRGHU*HVFKLFKWHGLH
6RUJH XP HLQ UKPOLFKHV KLVWRULVFKHV )RUWEHVWHKHQ LQ GHU 3HUVRQ
YRQ1DFKNRPPHQGLH)XUFKWYRULUJHQGHLQHUHQGOLFKHQKLVWRULVFKHQ
$XIO|VXQJ XQG =HUVHW]XQJ  GLHV DOOHV JDE VHLQHQ *HLVW IUHL XQG
KLQGHUWH LKQ QLFKW PHKU GLH VWHWH (ZLJNHLW ]X EHJUHLIHQ 1LFKWV
EHJDQQXQGQLFKWVK|UWHDXI(VJDEQXUHLQHXQHQGOLFKH*HJHQZDUW
XQG GLHMHQLJH .UDIW LQ LKP GLH PLW HLQHU VR VFKPHU]OLFK V‰HQ
GUlQJHQGHQXQGVHKQVFKWLJHQ/LHEHGDV/HEHQOLHEWHXQGYRQGHU
VHLQH 3HUVRQ QXU HLQ YHUIHKOWHU $XVGUXFN ZDU  VLH ZXUGH GLH
=XJlQJH]XGLHVHU*HJHQZDUWLPPHU]XILQGHQZLVVHQ
ª,FKZHUGHOHEHQ©IOVWHUWHHULQGDV.LVVHQZHLQWHXQG«ZX‰WH
LP QlFKVWHQ $XJHQEOLFN QLFKW PHKU ZRUEHU 6HLQ *HKLUQ VWDQG
VWLOOVHLQ:LVVHQHUORVFKXQGLQLKPJDEHVSO|W]OLFKZLHGHUQLFKWV
PHKU DOV YHUVWXPPHQGH )LQVWHUQLV $EHU HV ZLUG ZLHGHUNHKUHQ
YHUVLFKHUWHHUVLFK+DEHLFKHVQLFKWEHVHVVHQ"8QGZlKUHQGHU
IKOWH ZLH %HWlXEXQJ XQG 6FKODI LKQ XQZLGHUVWHKOLFK
EHUVFKDWWHWHQ VFKZRU HU VLFK HLQHQ WUHXHQ (LG GLHV XQJHKHXUH
*OFNQLHPDOVIDKUHQ]XODVVHQVRQGHUQVHLQH.UlIWH]XVDPPHOQXQG
]X OHUQHQ ]X OHVHQ XQG ]X VWXGLHUHQ ELV HU VLFK IHVW XQG
XQYHUlX‰HUOLFK GLH JDQ]H :HOWDQVFKDXXQJ ]X HLJHQ JHPDFKW KDEHQ
ZUGHDXVGHUGLHVDOOHVKHUYRUJHJDQJHQZDU
$OOHLQGDVNRQQWHQLFKWVHLQXQGVFKRQDPQlFKVWHQ0RUJHQDOVHU
PLW HLQHP JDQ] NOHLQHQ *HIKO YRQ *HQLHUWKHLW EHU GLH JHLVWLJHQ


([WUDYDJDQ]HQ YRQ JHVWHUQ HUZDFKWH DKQWH HU HWZDV YRQ GHU
8QDXVIKUEDUNHLWGLHVHUVFK|QHQ9RUVlW]H
(U VWDQG VSlW DXI XQG KDWWH VLFK VRJOHLFK DQ GHQ 'HEDWWHQ HLQHU
%UJHUVFKDIWVVLW]XQJ ]X EHWHLOLJHQ 'DV |IIHQWOLFKH JHVFKlIWOLFKH
EUJHUOLFKH/HEHQLQGHQ JLHEHOLJHQ XQG ZLQNHOLJHQ 6WUD‰HQ GLHVHU
PLWWHOJUR‰HQ +DQGHOVVWDGW QDKP VHLQHQ *HLVW XQG VHLQH .UlIWH
ZLHGHU LQ %HVLW] ,PPHU QRFK PLW GHP 9RUVDW] EHVFKlIWLJW GLH
ZXQGHUEDUH /HNWUH ZLHGHU DXI]XQHKPHQ ILQJ HU GRFK DQ VLFK ]X
IUDJHQREGLH(UOHEQLVVHGHU1DFKWLQ :DKUKHLW XQGDXIGLH 'DXHU
HWZDV IU LKQ VHLHQ XQG RE VLH WUlWH GHU 7RG LKQ DQ SUDNWLVFK
VWDQGKDOWHQ ZUGHQ 6HLQH EUJHUOLFKHQ ,QVWLQNWH UHJWHQ VLFK
GDJHJHQ $XFK VHLQH (LWHONHLW UHJWH VLFK GLH )XUFKW YRU HLQHU
ZXQGHUOLFKHQ XQG OlFKHUOLFKHQ 5ROOH 6WDQGHQ LKP GLHVH 'LQJH ]X
*HVLFKW"=LHPWHQVLHLKPLKP6HQDWRU7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRN&KHI
GHU)LUPD-RKDQQ%XGGHQEURRN"«
(UJHODQJWHQLHPDOVZLHGHUGD]XHLQHQ%OLFNLQGDVVHOWVDPH%XFK
]X ZHUIHQ GDV VR YLHOH 6FKlW]H EDUJ JHVFKZHLJH GHQQ VLFK GLH
EULJHQ %lQGH GHV JUR‰HQ :HUNHV ]X YHUVFKDIIHQ 'LH QHUY|VH
3HGDQWHULH GLH VLFK PLW GHQ -DKUHQ VHLQHU EHPlFKWLJW YHU]HKUWH
VHLQH 7DJH *HKHW]W YRQ IQIKXQGHUW QLFKWVZUGLJHQ XQG
DOOWlJOLFKHQ %DJDWHOOHQ GLH LQ 2UGQXQJ ]X KDOWHQ XQG ]X HUOHGLJHQ
VHLQ .RSI VLFK SODJWH ZDU HU ]X ZLOOHQVVFKZDFK XP HLQH
YHUQQIWLJH XQG HUJLHELJH (LQWHLOXQJ VHLQHU =HLW ]X HUUHLFKHQ 8QG
]ZHL:RFKHQXQJHIlKUQDFKMHQHPGHQNZUGLJHQ1DFKPLWWDJHZDU
HUVRZHLWGD‰HUDOOHVDXIJDEXQGGHP'LHQVWPlGFKHQ EHIDKO HLQ
%XFK GDV XQRUGHQWOLFKHUZHLVH LQ GHU 6FKXEODGH GHV *DUWHQWLVFKHV
XPKHUOLHJH VRIRUW KLQDXI]XWUDJHQ XQG LQ GHQ %FKHUVFKUDQN ]X
VWHOOHQ
6R DEHU JHVFKDK HV GD‰ 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN GHU GLH +lQGH
YHUODQJHQG QDFK KRKHQ XQG OHW]WHQ :DKUKHLWHQ DXVJHVWUHFNW KDWWH
PDWW]XUFNVDQN]XGHQ%HJULIIHQXQG %LOGHUQ LQGHUHQ JOlXELJHP
*HEUDXFK PDQ VHLQH .LQGKHLW JHEW KDWWH (U JLQJ XPKHU XQG
HULQQHUWH VLFK GHV HLQLJHQ XQG SHUV|QOLFKHQ *RWWHV GHV 9DWHUV GHU
0HQVFKHQNLQGHU GHU HLQHQ SHUV|QOLFKHQ 7HLO VHLQHV 6HOEVW DXI GLH
(UGH HQWVDQGW KDWWH GDPLW HU IU XQV OHLGH XQG EOXWH GHU DP
-QJVWHQ 7DJH *HULFKW KDOWHQ ZUGH XQG ]X GHVVHQ )‰HQ GLH
*HUHFKWHQLP/DXIHGHUGDQQLKUHQ$QIDQJQHKPHQGHQ(ZLJNHLWIU


GLH.PPHUQLVVHGLHVHV-DPPHUWDOHVHQWVFKlGLJWZHUGHQZUGHQ«
GLHVHU JDQ]HQ HLQ ZHQLJ XQNODUHQ XQG HLQ ZHQLJ DEVXUGHQ
*HVFKLFKWH GLH DEHU NHLQ 9HUVWlQGQLV VRQGHUQ QXU JHKRUVDPHQ
*ODXEHQ EHDQVSUXFKWH XQG GLH LQ IHVWVWHKHQGHQ XQG NLQGOLFKHQ
:RUWHQ ]XU +DQG VHLQ ZUGH ZHQQ GLH OHW]WHQ bQJVWH NDPHQ«
:LUNOLFK"
$FKDXFKKLHULQJHODQJWHHUQLFKW]XP)ULHGHQ'LHVHU0DQQPLW
VHLQHU QDJHQGHQ 6RUJH XP GLH (KUH VHLQHV +DXVHV XP VHLQH )UDX
VHLQHQ6RKQVHLQHQ1DPHQVHLQH)DPLOLHGLHVHUDEJHQXW]WH0DQQ
GHUVHLQHQ.|USHUPLW0KHXQG.XQVWHOHJDQWNRUUHNWXQGDXIUHFKW
HUKLHOW HU SODJWH VLFK PHKUHUH 7DJH PLW GHU )UDJH ZLH HV QXQ
HLJHQWOLFKEHVWHOOWVHLREQXQHLJHQWOLFKGLH6HHOHXQPLWWHOEDUQDFK
GHP7RGHLQGHQ+LPPHOJHODQJHRGHUREGLH6HOLJNHLWHUVWPLWGHU
$XIHUVWHKXQJ GHV )OHLVFKHV EHJLQQH« 8QG ZR EOLHE GLH 6HHOH ELV
GDKLQ" +DWWH LKQ MHPDOV MHPDQG LQ GHU 6FKXOH RGHU GHU .LUFKH
GDUEHUEHOHKUW":LH ZDU HV YHUDQWZRUWEDU GHQ 0HQVFKHQ LQ HLQHU
VROFKHQ 8QZLVVHQKHLW ]X ODVVHQ" ± 8QG HU ZDU GDUDXI XQG GDUDQ
3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLP ]X EHVXFKHQ XQG LKQ XP 5DW XQG 7URVW
DQ]XJHKHQ ELV HU HV LP OHW]WHQ $XJHQEOLFN DXV )XUFKW YRU
/lFKHUOLFKNHLWXQWHUOLH‰
(QGOLFKJDEHUDOOHVDXIXQGVWHOOWHDOOHV*RWW DQKHLP 'D HU DEHU
PLW GHU 2UGQXQJ VHLQHU HZLJHQ $QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ ]X HLQHP VR
XQEHIULHGLJHQGHQ 6FKOX‰ JHNRPPHQ ZDU VR EHVFKOR‰ HU ]XP
ZHQLJVWHQ HLQPDO VHLQH LUGLVFKHQ JHZLVVHQKDIW ]X EHVWHOOHQ ZRPLW
HUHLQHQODQJHJHKHJWHQ9RUVDW]]XU$XVIKUXQJEULQJHQZUGH
(LQHV7DJHVYHUQDKPGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQQDFKGHP0LWWDJHVVHQLP
:RKQ]LPPHU ZR GLH (OWHUQ LKUHQ .DIIHH WUDQNHQ ZLH VHLQ 9DWHU
GHU0DPDGLH0LWWHLOXQJPDFKWHHUHUZDUWHKHXWHGHQ5HFKWVDQZDOW
'RNWRU 6RXQGVR XP PLW LKP VHLQ 7HVWDPHQW ]X PDFKHQ GHVVHQ
)L[LHUXQJ HU QLFKW EHVWlQGLJ LQV 8QJHZLVVH KLQDXVVFKLHEHQ GUIH
6SlWHUEWH+DQQRLP6DORQHLQH6WXQGHODQJDXIGHP)OJHO$OVHU
DEHUGDQQEHUGHQ.RUULGRUJHKHQZROOWHWUDIHUPLWVHLQHP9DWHU
XQG HLQHP +HUUQ LQ ODQJHP VFKZDU]HP hEHUURFN ]XVDPPHQ
ZHOFKH GLH +DXSWWUHSSH KHUDXINDPHQ ª+DQQR© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU
NXU] 8QG GHU NOHLQH -RKDQQ EOLHE VWHKHQ VFKOXFNWH KLQXQWHU XQG
DQWZRUWHWHOHLVHXQGHLOLJª-D3DSD«©


ª,FK KDEH PLW GLHVHP +HUUQ :LFKWLJHV ]X DUEHLWHQ© IXKU VHLQ
9DWHUIRUWª'XVWHOOVWGLFKZHQQLFKELWWHQGDUIYRUGLHVH7U©HU
ZLHV DXI GHQ (LQJDQJ ]XP 5DXFK]LPPHU  ªXQG JLEVW DFKW GD‰
QLHPDQGK|UVWGX"DEVROXWQLHPDQGXQVVW|UW©
ª-D3DSD©VDJWHGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQXQGVWHOOWHVLFKYRUGLH7UGLH
VLFKKLQWHUGHQEHLGHQ+HUUHQVFKOR‰
(U VWDQG GRUW KLHOW PLW HLQHU +DQG GHQ 6FKLIIHUNQRWHQ DXI VHLQHU
%UXVW HUID‰W VFKHXHUWH VHLQH =XQJH DQ HLQHP =DKQ GHP HU
PL‰WUDXWHXQGKRUFKWHDXIGLHHUQVWHQXQGJHGlPSIWHQ6WLPPHQGLH
DXVGHP,QQHUHQGHV=LPPHUV]XLKPGUDQJHQ6HLQ.RSIPLWGHP
ORFNLJ LQ GLH 6FKOlIHQ IDOOHQGHQ KHOOEUDXQHQ +DDU ZDU ]XU 6HLWH
JHQHLJW XQG XQWHU ]XVDPPHQJH]RJHQHQ %UDXHQ EOLFNWHQ VHLQH
JROGEUDXQHQ YRQ EOlXOLFKHQ 6FKDWWHQ XPODJHUWHQ $XJHQ EOLQ]HOQG
PLW HLQHP DEJHVWR‰HQHQ XQG JUEOHULVFKHQ $XVGUXFN ]XU 6HLWH
HLQHP$XVGUXFNJDQ]lKQOLFKGHPMHQLJHQPLWGHPHUDQGHU%DKUH
VHLQHU *UR‰PXWWHU GHQ %OXPHQJHUXFK XQG MHQHQ DQGHUHQ IUHPGHQ
XQGGRFKVRVHOWVDPYHUWUDXWHQ'XIWHLQJHDWPHWKDWWH
,GD -XQJPDQQ NDP XQG VDJWH ª+DQQRFKHQ PHLQ -XQJFKHQ ZR
EOHLEVWGXZDVZLUVWGXKLHUKHUXP]XVWHKHQKDEHQ©
'HUEXFNOLJH/HKUOLQJNDPDXVGHP.RQWRUHLQH'HSHVFKHLQGHU
+DQGXQGIUDJWHQDFKGHP6HQDWRU
8QGMHGHVPDOVWUHFNWHGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQVHLQHQ$UPLQGHQEODXHQ
PLWHLQHP$QNHUEHVWLFNWHQ0DWURVHQlUPHOZDDJHUHFKWYRUGHU7U
DXV VFKWWHOWH GHQ .RSI XQG VDJWH QDFK HLQHP $XJHQEOLFNH GHV
6FKZHLJHQVOHLVHXQGIHVWª1LHPDQGGDUIKLQHLQ3DSDPDFKWVHLQ
7HVWDPHQW©

6HFKVWHV.DSLWHO

,P+HUEVWVDJWH'RNWRU/DQJKDOVLQGHPHU VHLQH VFK|QHQ $XJHQ


VSLHOHQ OLH‰ ZLH HLQH )UDX ª'LH 1HUYHQ +HUU 6HQDWRU« DQ DOOHP
VLQG EOR‰ GLH 1HUYHQ VFKXOG 8QG KLH XQG GD Ol‰W DXFK GLH
%OXW]LUNXODWLRQ HLQ ZHQLJ ]X ZQVFKHQ EULJ 'DUI LFK PLU HLQHQ


5DWVFKODJ HUODXEHQ" 6LH VROOWHQ VLFK GLHVHV -DKU QRFK HLQ EL‰FKHQ
DXVVSDQQHQ 'LHVH SDDU 6HHOXIW6RQQWDJH LP 6RPPHU KDEHQ
QDWUOLFK QLFKW YLHO YHUPRFKW« :LU KDEHQ (QGH 6HSWHPEHU
7UDYHPQGH LVW QRFK LQ %HWULHE HV LVW QRFK QLFKW YROOVWlQGLJ
HQWY|ONHUW )DKUHQ 6LH KLQ +HUU 6HQDWRU XQG VHW]HQ 6LH VLFK HLQ
ZHQLJ DQ GHQ 6WUDQG 9LHU]HKQ 7DJH RGHU GUHL :RFKHQ UHSDULHUHQ
VFKRQPDQFKHV«©
8QG7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNVDJWHMDXQGDPHQKLHU]X$OVDEHUGLH
6HLQHQ YRQ GHP (QWVFKOVVH HUIXKUHQ HUERW VLFK &KULVWLDQ LKQ ]X
EHJOHLWHQª,FKJHKHPLW7KRPDV©VDJWHHUHLQIDFKª'XKDVWZRKO
QLFKWVGDJHJHQ©
8QG REJOHLFK GHU 6HQDWRU HLJHQWOLFK HLQH 0HQJH GDJHJHQ KDWWH
VDJWHHUDEHUPDOVMDXQGDPHQ
'LH6DFKHZDUGLHGD‰&KULVWLDQMHW]WPHKUDOVMHPDOV+HUUVHLQHU
=HLW ZDU GHQQ ZHJHQ VFKZDQNHQGHU *HVXQGKHLW KDWWH HU VLFK
JHQ|WLJW JHVHKHQ DXFK VHLQH OHW]WH NDXIPlQQLVFKH 7lWLJNHLW GLH
&KDPSDJQHU XQG .RJQDNDJHQWXU IDKUHQ]XODVVHQ 'DV 7UXJELOG
HLQHV0DQQHVGHULQGHU'lPPHUXQJDXIVHLQHP6RIDVD‰XQGLKP
]XQLFNWHKDWWHVLFKHUIUHXOLFKHUZHLVHQLFKWZLHGHUKROW$EHUPLWGHU
SHULRGLVFKHQª4XDO©LQVHLQHUOLQNHQ6HLWH ZDUHV ZRP|JOLFK QRFK
VFKOLPPHU JHZRUGHQ XQG +DQG LQ +DQG PLW LKU JLQJ HLQH JUR‰H
$Q]DKO DQGHUHU 8Q]XWUlJOLFKNHLWHQ GLH &KULVWLDQ VRUJIlOWLJ
EHREDFKWHWHXQGPLWNUDXVHU1DVHVFKLOGHUWHZRHUJLQJXQGVWDQG
2IWPDOV ZLH VFKRQ IUKHU YHUVDJWHQ EHLP (VVHQ VHLQH
6FKOXFNPXVNHOQ VR GD‰ HU GHQ %LVVHQ LP +DOVH GDVD‰ XQG VHLQH
NOHLQHQ UXQGHQ WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ ZDQGHUQ OLH‰ 2IWPDOV ZLH
VFKRQ IUKHU OLWW HU DQ GHP XQEHVWLPPWHQ DEHU XQEHVLHJEDUHQ
)XUFKWJHIKO YRU HLQHU SO|W]OLFKHQ /lKPXQJ VHLQHU =XQJH VHLQHV
6FKOXQGHV VHLQHU ([WUHPLWlWHQ MD VRJDU VHLQHV 'HQNYHUP|JHQV
=ZDUZXUGHQLFKWVDQLKPJHOlKPWDEHUZDUQLFKWGLH)XUFKWGDYRU
EHLQDKH QRFK VFKOLPPHU" (U HU]lKOWH DXVIKUOLFK ZLH HU HLQHV
7DJHVDOV HUVLFK7HHEHUHLWHWH GDV EUHQQHQGH =QGKRO] VWDWWEHU
GHQ .RFKDSSDUDW EHU GLH RIIHQH 6SLULWXVIODVFKH JHKDOWHQ KDEH VR
GD‰ EHLQDKH QLFKW QXU HU VHOEVW VRQGHUQ DXFK GLH EULJHQ
+DXVEHZRKQHU MD YLHOOHLFKW DXFK GLH GHU 1DFKEDUKlXVHU DXI
IUFKWHUOLFKH:HLVHXPJHNRPPHQZlUHQ'LHVJLQJ]XZHLW:DVHU
DEHU PLW EHVRQGHUHU $XVIKUOLFKNHLW (LQGULQJOLFKNHLW XQG


$QVWUHQJXQJVLFKJDQ]YHUVWlQGOLFK]XPDFKHQEHVFKULHEZDUHLQH
VFKHX‰OLFKH$QRPDOLHGLHHULQOHW]WHU=HLWDQVLFKZDKUJHQRPPHQ
KDWWHXQGGLHGDQQEHVWDQGGD‰HUDQJHZLVVHQ7DJHQGDVKHL‰WEHL
JHZLVVHU :LWWHUXQJ XQG *HPWVYHUIDVVXQJ NHLQ RIIHQHV )HQVWHU
VHKHQ NRQQWH RKQH YRQ GHP JUl‰OLFKHQ XQG GXUFK QLFKWV
JHUHFKWIHUWLJWHQ'UDQJHEHIDOOHQ]XZHUGHQKLQDXV]XVSULQJHQHLQHP
ZLOGHQXQGNDXPXQWHUGUFNEDUHQ7ULHEHHLQHU$UWYRQXQVLQQLJHP
XQGYHU]ZHLIHOWHPhEHUPXW(LQHV6RQQWDJHVDOVGLH)DPLOLHLQGHU
)LVFKHUJUXEH VSHLVWH EHVFKULHE HU ZLH HU XQWHU $XIELHWXQJ DOOHU
PRUDOLVFKHQ.UlIWHDXI+lQGHQXQG)X‰HQKDEH]XPRIIHQHQ)HQVWHU
NULHFKHQPVVHQXPHV]XVFKOLH‰HQ+LHUDEHUVFKULHDOOHVDXIXQG
QLHPDQGZROOWHLKPZHLWHU]XK|UHQ
'LHVH XQG lKQOLFKH 'LQJH NRQVWDWLHUWH HU PLW HLQHU JHZLVVHQ
VFKDXHUOLFKHQ*HQXJWXXQJ:DVHUDEHUQLFKWEHREDFKWHWHXQGQLFKW
IHVWVWHOOWH ZDV LKP XQEHZX‰W EOLHE XQG VLFK GDUXP EHVWlQGLJ
YHUVFKOLPPHUWHZDUGHUVRQGHUEDUH0DQJHODQ7DNWJHIKOGHULKP
LQGHQ-DKUHQLPPHUPHKU]XHLJHQJHZRUGHQZDU(VZDUVFKOLPP
GD‰HULP)DPLOLHQNUHLVH$QHNGRWHQHU]lKOWHVRJHDUWHWGD‰HUVLH
K|FKVWHQVLP.OXEKDWWHYRUEULQJHQGUIHQ$EHUHVJDEDXFKGLUHNWH
$Q]HLFKHQGDIUGD‰VHLQ 6LQQ IU N|USHUOLFKH 6FKDPKDIWLJNHLWLP
(UODKPHQ EHJULIIHQ ZDU ,Q GHU $EVLFKW VHLQHU 6FKZlJHULQ *HUGD
PLWGHUHUDXIIUHXQGVFKDIWOLFKHP)X‰HVWDQG]X]HLJHQZLHGXUDEHO
JHDUEHLWHWVHLQHHQJOLVFKHQ6RFNHQVHLHQXQGZLHPDJHUHUEULJHQV
JHZRUGHQVHLJHZDQQHUHVEHUVLFKYRULKUHQ$XJHQVHLQZHLWHV
NDULHUWHV%HLQNOHLGELVKRFKEHUGDV.QLH]XUFN]X]LHKHQª'DVLHK
ZLHPDJHULFKZHUGH,VWHVQLFKWDXIIlOOLJXQGVRQGHUEDU"©VDJWHHU
EHNPPHUWLQGHPHUPLWNUDXVHU1DVHDXIVHLQNQRFKLJHVXQGVWDUN
QDFKDX‰HQJHNUPPWHV%HLQLQGHUZHL‰ZROOHQHQ8QWHUKRVH]HLJWH
XQWHUGHUVLFKGDVKDJHUH.QLHWUEVHOLJDE]HLFKQHWH
(U KDWWH ZLH JHVDJW MHW]W MHGH NDXIPlQQLVFKH 7lWLJNHLW
IDKUHQODVVHQDEHUGLHMHQLJHQ6WXQGHQDP7DJHGLHHUQLFKWLP.OXE
YHUEUDFKWHVXFKWHHUGRFKDXIYHUVFKLHGHQH:HLVHDXV]XIOOHQXQG
HU OLHEWH HV DXVGUFNOLFK KHUYRU]XKHEHQ GD‰ HU WURW] DOOHU
%HKLQGHUXQJHQ QLHPDOV YROOVWlQGLJ DXIJHK|UW KDEH ]X DUEHLWHQ (U
HUZHLWHUWHVHLQH6SUDFKNHQQWQLVVHXQGKDWWHGHU:LVVHQVFKDIWKDOEHU
XQGRKQHSUDNWLVFKHQ(QG]ZHFNNU]OLFK EHJRQQHQ &KLQHVLVFK ]X
OHUQHQZRUDXIHUYLHU]HKQ7DJHODQJYLHO)OHL‰YHUZHQGHWKDWWH=XU


=HLW ZDU HU GDPLW EHVFKlIWLJW HLQ HQJOLVFKGHXWVFKHV /H[LNRQ GDV
LKP XQ]XOlQJOLFK VFKLHQ ]X ªHUJlQ]HQ© DEHU GD HLQH NOHLQH
/XIWYHUlQGHUXQJ LKP VRZLHVR HLQPDO ZLHGHU QRW WDW XQG GD HV
VFKOLH‰OLFK MD ZQVFKHQVZHUW ZDU GD‰ GHU 6HQDWRU LUJHQGZHOFKH
%HJOHLWXQJKDWWHVRYHUPRFKWHGLHV*HVFKlIWMHW]WQLFKWLKQLQ GHU
6WDGWIHVW]XKDOWHQ
'LHEHLGHQ%UXGHUIXKUHQDQGLH6HHVLHIXKUHQLQGHVGHU5HJHQ
DXI GDV9HUGHFN GHV :DJHQV WURPPHOWH DXI GHU /DQGVWUD‰H GDKLQ
GLHQXUHLQH3IW]HZDUXQGVSUDFKHQEHLQDKHNHLQ:RUW&KULVWLDQ
OLH‰ VHLQH $XJHQ ZDQGHUQ DOV KRUFKH HU DXI LUJHQG HWZDV
9HUGlFKWLJHV 7KRPDV VD‰ IU|VWHOQG LQ VHLQHQ 0DQWHO JHKOOW PLW
PGH EOLFNHQGHQ JHU|WHWHQ $XJHQ XQG GLH ODQJDXVJH]RJHQHQ
6SLW]HQ VHLQHV 6FKQXUUEDUWHV EHUUDJWHQ VWDUU VHLQH ZHL‰OLFKHQ
:DQJHQ6RIXKUHQVLHQDFKPLWWDJVLQGHQ.XUJDUWHQHLQLQGHVVHQ
YHUVFKZHPPWHP .LHV GLH 5lGHU NQLUVFKWHQ 'HU DOWH 0DNOHU
6LJLVPXQG *|VFK VD‰ LQ GHU *ODVYHUDQGD GHV +DXSWJHElXGHV XQG
WUDQN*URJYRQ5XP(UVWDQGDXILQGHPHUGXUFKGLH=lKQH]LVFKWH
XQG GDQQ VHW]WHQ VLH VLFK ]X LKP XP ZlKUHQG GLH .RIIHU
KLQDXIJHWUDJHQZXUGHQDXFKLKUHUVHLWVHWZDV:DUPHV]XJHQLH‰HQ
+HUU *|VFK ZDU HEHQIDOOV QRFK .XUJDVW JOHLFK HLQLJHQ ZHQLJHQ
/HXWHQ HLQHU HQJOLVFKHQ )DPLOLH HLQHU OHGLJHQ +ROOlQGHULQ XQG
HLQHP OHGLJHQ +DPEXUJHU GLHMHW]W PXWPD‰OLFK LKU 6FKOlIFKHQ YRU
GHU7DEOHG¶KyWHKLHOWHQGHQQHVZDUEHUDOOWRWHQVWLOOXQGQXUGHU
5HJHQSODQVFKWH0RFKWHQVLHVFKODIHQ+HUU*|VFKVFKOLHIDP7DJH
QLFKW (U ZDU IURK ZHQQ HU VLFK ]XU 1DFKW HLQ SDDU 6WXQGHQ
%HZX‰WORVLJNHLW HUREHUQ NRQQWH (V JLQJ LKP QLFKW JXW HU
JHEUDXFKWH GLHVH VSlWH /XIWNXU JHJHQ GDV =LWWHUQ GDV =LWWHUQ LQ
VHLQHQ *OLHGPD‰HQ YHUIOXFKW  HU NRQQWH NDXP QRFK GDV *URJJODV
KDOWHQ XQG ± WHXIOLVFKHU  HU NRQQWH QXU VHOWHQ QRFK VFKUHLEHQ VR
GD‰HVPLWGHUhEHUVHW]XQJYRQ/RSHGH9HJD¶VVlPWOLFKHQ'UDPHQ
MlPPHUOLFKODQJVDPYRUZlUWVJLQJ
(UZDULQVHKUJHGUFNWHU6WLPPXQJXQGVHLQH*RWWHVOlVWHUXQJHQ
ZDUHQRKQHGLHUHFKWH)UHXGLJNHLWª/D‰IDKUHQGDKLQ©VDJWHHUXQG
GLHV VFKLHQ VHLQH /LHEOLQJVUHGHQVDUW JHZRUGHQ ]X VHLQ GHQQ HU
ZLHGHUKROWH VLH EHVWlQGLJ XQG RIWPDOV JDQ] DX‰HU GHP
=XVDPPHQKDQJH


8QG GHU 6HQDWRU" :DV ZDU HV PLWLKP" :LHODQJH JHGDFKWHQ GLH
+HUUHQ]XEOHLEHQ"
$FK 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV KDEH LKQ GHU 1HUYHQ ZHJHQ KHUJHVFKLFNW
DQWZRUWHWH7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN (U KDEH QDWUOLFK JHKRUFKW WURW]
GLHVHV+XQGHZHWWHUVGHQQZDVWXHPDQQLFKWDXV)XUFKWYRUVHLQHP
$U]W (U IKOWH VLFK MD ZLUNOLFK HLQ ZHQLJ PLVHUDEHO 6LH ZUGHQ
HEHQEOHLEHQELVHVLKPEHVVHUJHKH«
ª-DEULJHQVJHKWHVDXFKPLUVHKUVFKOHFKW©VDJWH&KULVWLDQYROO
1HLGXQG(UELWWHUXQJGD‰7KRPDVQXUYRQVLFKVSUDFKXQGHUZDU
LP %HJULIIH YRQ GHP QLFNHQGHQ 0DQQH GHU 6SLULWXVIODVFKH XQG
GHPRIIHQHQ)HQVWHU]XEHULFKWHQDOVVHLQ%UXGHUDXIEUDFKXPGLH
=LPPHULQ%HVLW]]XQHKPHQ
'HU5HJHQOLH‰QLFKWQDFK(U]HUZKOWHGHQ%RGHQXQGWDQ]WHLQ
VSULQJHQGHQ 7URSIHQ DXI GHU 6HH GLH YRP 6GZHVW EHUVFKDXHUW
YRP 6WUDQGH ]XUFNZLFK $OOHV ZDU LQ *UDX JHKOOW 'LH 'DPSIHU
]RJHQ ZLH 6FKDWWHQ XQG *HLVWHUVFKLIIH YRUEHU XQG YHUVFKZDQGHQ
DPYHUZLVFKWHQ+RUL]RQW
0LWGHQIUHPGHQ*lVWHQWUDIPDQQXUEHLP(VVHQ]XVDPPHQ'HU
6HQDWRU JLQJ PLW GHP 0DNOHU *|VFK LQ *XPPLPDQWHO XQG
*DORVFKHQ VSD]LHUHQ LQGHV &KULVWLDQ GUREHQ LQ GHU .RQGLWRUHL PLW
GHU%XIIHWGDPH6FKZHGLVFKHQ3XQVFKWUDQN
=ZHL RGHU GUHLPDO DQ 1DFKPLWWDJHQ GD HV DXVVDK DOV RE GLH
6RQQH KHUYRUNRPPHQ ZROOWH HUVFKLHQHQ ]XU 7DEOH G¶KyWH HLQ SDDU
%HNDQQWH DXV GHU 6WDGW GLH VLFK JHUQ HLQ ZHQLJ XQDEKlQJLJ YRQ
LKUHQ$QJHK|ULJHQXQWHUKLHOWHQ
6HQDWRU 'RNWRU *LHVHNH &KULVWLDQV 6FKXONDPHUDG XQG .RQVXO
3HWHU '|KOPDQQ GHU EULJHQV VFKOHFKW DXVVDK ZHLO HU VLFK GXUFK
PD‰ORVHQ *HEUDXFK YRQ +XQ\DGL-DQRV:DVVHU YHUGDUE 'DQQ
VHW]WHQ VLFK GLH +HUUHQ LQ LKUHQ 3DOHWRWV XQWHU GDV =HOWGDFK GHU
.RQGLWRUHL JHJHQEHU GHP 0XVLNWHPSHO LQ GHP QLFKW PHKU
PXVL]LHUW ZXUGH WUDQNHQ LKUHQ .DIIHH XQG YHUGDXWHQ LKUH IQI
*lQJHLQGHPVLHLQGHQKHUEVWOLFKHQ.XUJDUWHQKLQDXVEOLFNWHQXQG
SODXGHUWHQ«
'LH(UHLJQLVVHGHU6WDGWGDVOHW]WH+RFKZDVVHUGDVLQYLHOH.HOOHU
JHGUXQJHQ XQG EHL GHP PDQ LQ GHQ XQWHUHQ *UXEHQ PLW %RRWHQ
JHIDKUHQZDUHLQH)HXHUVEUXQVWHLQ6FKXSSHQEUDQGDP+DIHQHLQH


6HQDWVZDKO ZXUGHQ EHVSURFKHQ« $OIUHG /DXULW]HQ LQ )LUPD
¾6WXUPDQQ  /DXULW]HQ &RORQLDOZDUHQ HQ JURV  HQ GHWDLO½ ZDU
YRULJH:RFKHJHZlKOWZRUGHQXQG6HQDWRU%XGGHQEURRNZDUQLFKW
HLQYHUVWDQGHQGDPLW(UVD‰LQVHLQHQ.UDJHQPDQWHOJHKOOWUDXFKWH
=LJDUHWWHQXQGZDUIQXUDQGLHVHP3XQNWHGHV*HVSUlFKHVHLQSDDU
%HPHUNXQJHQ HLQ (U KDEH +HUUQ /DXULW]HQ VHLQH 6WLPPH QLFKW
JHJHEHQ VDJWH HU VRYLHO VHL VLFKHU /DXULW]HQ VHL HLQ HKUHQIHVWHU
0HQVFK XQG HLQ YRUWUHIIOLFKHU .DXIPDQQ RKQH )UDJH DEHU HU VHL
0LWWHOVWDQGJXWHU0LWWHOVWDQGVHLQ9DWHUKDEHQRFKHLJHQKlQGLJGHQ
'LHQVWPlGFKHQ GLH VDXUHQ +HULQJH DXV GHU 7RQQH JHKROW XQG
HLQJHZLFNHOW« XQG MHW]W KDEH PDQ GHQ ,QKDEHU HLQHV
'HWDLOJHVFKlIWHVLP6HQDWH6HLQ7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNV*UR‰YDWHU
KDEH VLFK PLW VHLQHP lOWHVWHQ 6RKQH EHUZRUIHQ ZHLO GLHVHU HLQHQ
/DGHQ HUKHLUDWHW KDEH VR VHLHQ GLH 'LQJH GDPDOV JHZHVHQ ª$EHU
GDV1LYHDXVLQNWMDGDVJHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH1LYHDXGHV6HQDWHVLVWLP
6LQNHQEHJULIIHQGHU6HQDWZLUGGHPRNUDWLVLHUWOLHEHU*LHVHNHXQG
GDV LVW QLFKW JXW .DXIPlQQLVFKH 7FKWLJNHLW WXW HV GRFK QLFKW VR
JDQ] PHLQHU 0HLQXQJ QDFK VROOWH PDQ QLFKW DXIK|UHQ HLQ ZHQLJ
PHKU ]X YHUODQJHQ $OIUHG /DXULW]HQ PLW VHLQHQ JUR‰HQ )‰HQ XQG
VHLQHP%RRWVPDQQVJHVLFKWLP5DWVVDDO]XGHQNHQEHOHLGLJWPLFK«
LFK ZHL‰ QLFKW ZDV LQ PLU (V LVW JHJHQ DOOHV 6WLOJHIKO NXU]XP
HLQH*HVFKPDFNORVLJNHLW©
$EHU 6HQDWRU *LHVHNH ZDU HWZDV SLNLHUW 6FKOLH‰OLFK ZDU HU DXFK
QXU GHU 6RKQ HLQHV %UDQGGLUHNWRUV 1HLQ GHP 9HUGLHQVWH VHLQH
.URQH'DIUVHLPDQ5HSXEOLNDQHUªhEULJHQVVROOWHQ6LHQLFKWVR
YLHOH=LJDUHWWHQUDXFKHQ%XGGHQEURRN6LHKDEHQMDJDUQLFKWVYRQ
GHU6HHOXIW©
ª-D QXQ K|UH LFK DXI© VDJWH 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN ZDUI GDV
0XQGVWFNIRUWXQGVFKOR‰GLH$XJHQ
7UlJHZlKUHQGGHU5HJHQGHUXQDXVEOHLEOLFKZLHGHUHLQVHW]WHGLH
$XVVLFKW YHUVFKOHLHUWH JOLWW GDV *HVSUlFK GDKLQ 0DQ NDP DXI GHQ
OHW]WHQ 6NDQGDO GHU 6WDGW HLQH :HFKVHOIlOVFKXQJ DXI
*UR‰NDXIPDQQ .D‰EDXP ¾3 3KLOLSS .D‰EDXP  &R½ GHU QXQ
KLQWHU 6FKOR‰ XQG 5LHJHO VD‰ 0DQ HUHLIHUWH VLFK GXUFKDXV QLFKW
PDQ QDQQWH +HUUQ .D‰EDXPV 7DW HLQH 'XPPKHLW ODFKWH NXU] XQG
]XFNWH GLH $FKVHOQ 6HQDWRU 'RNWRU *LHVHNH HU]lKOWH GD‰ GHU
*UR‰NDXIPDQQEULJHQVEHLJXWHP+XPRUJHEOLHEHQVHL$QVHLQHP


QHXHQ $XIHQWKDOWVRUW KDEH HU VRJOHLFK HLQHQ 7RLOHWWHQVSLHJHO
YHUODQJW GHU LQ VHLQHU =HOOH JHIHKOW KDEH ª,FK VLW]H KLHU MD QLFKW
-DKUH VRQGHUQ -DKUHQ© KDWWH HU JHVDJW ªGD PX‰ LFK GRFK HLQHQ
6SLHJHOKDEHQ©(UZDUZLH&KULVWLDQ%XGGHQEURRNXQG$QGUHDV
*LHVHNHHLQ6FKOHUGHVVHOLJHQ0DUFHOOXV6WHQJHOJHZHVHQ
2KQH GLH 0LHQH ]X YHU]LHKHQ ODFKWHQ GLH +HUUHQ ZLHGHU NXU]
GXUFKGLH1DVH6LJLVPXQG*|VFKEHVWHOOWH*URJYRQ5XPPLWHLQHU
%HWRQXQJ DOV ZROOWH HU DXVGUFNHQ :DV VROO GDV VFKOHFKWH /HEHQ
QXW]HQ"«.RQVXO 'RKOPDQQ VSUDFKHLQHU )ODVFKH $TXDYLW ]X XQG
&KULVWLDQ ZDU ZLHGHU EHLP 6FKZHGLVFKHQ 3XQVFK DQJHODQJW GHQ
6HQDWRU *LHVHNH IU VLFK XQG LKQ KDWWH NRPPHQ ODVVHQ (V GDXHUWH
QLFKWODQJHELV7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNZLHGHU]XUDXFKHQEHJDQQ
8QG LPPHU LQ HLQHP WUlJHQ ZHJZHUIHQGHQ XQG VNHSWLVFK
IDKUOlVVLJHQ7RQ JOHLFKJOWLJ XQG VFKZHU JHVLQQW YRP (VVHQ YRP
7ULQNHQ XQG YRP 5HJHQ VSUDFK PDQ YRQ *HVFKlIWHQ GHQ
*HVFKlIWHQ MHGHV HLQ]HOQHQ DEHU DXFK GLHVHV 7KHPD EHOHEWH
QLHPDQGHQ
ª$FKGDEHLLVWQLFKWYLHO)UHXGH©VDJWH7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNPLW
VFKZHUHU %UXVW XQGOHJWH DQJHZLGHUW GHQ.RSIEHU GLH 6WXKOOHKQH
]XUFN ª1XQ XQG 6LH '|KOPDQQ"© HUNXQGLJWH VLFK 6HQDWRU
*LHVHNH XQG JlKQWH« ª6LH KDEHQ VLFK JlQ]OLFK GHP $TXDYLW
HUJHEHQZLH"©
ª:RYRQ VROO GHU 6FKRUQVWHLQ UDXFKHQ© VDJWH GHU .RQVXO ª,FK
JXFNH DOOH SDDU 7DJH PDO LQV .RQWRU .XU]H +DDUH VLQG EDOG
JHNlPPW©
ª8QG DOOHV :LFKWLJH KDEHQ MD GRFK ¾6WUXQFN  +DJHQVWU|P½ LQ
+lQGHQ©EHPHUNWHWUEHGHU0DNOHU*|VFKGHUVHLQHQ(OOHQERJHQ
ZHLW YRU VLFK KLQ DXI GHQ 7LVFK JHVWW]W KDWWH XQG GHQ E|VDUWLJHQ
*UHLVHQNRSILQGHU+DQGUXKHQOLH‰ª*HJHQHLQHQ+DXIHQ0LVWNDQQ
PDQ QLFKW DQVWLQNHQ© VDJWH .RQVXO '|KOPDQQ PLW HLQHU VR
JHIOLVVHQWOLFKRUGLQlUHQ$XVVSUDFKHGD‰MHGHUPDQQZLHGXUFKHLQHQ
KRIIQXQJVORVHQ =\QLVPXV WUEH JHVWLPPW ZHUGHQ PX‰WH ª1D XQG
6LH%XGGHQEURRNWXQ6LHQRFKZDV"©
ª1HLQ©DQWZRUWHWH&KULVWLDQªLFKNDQQHVQXQQLFKW PHKU© 8QG
RKQHhEHUJDQJOHGLJOLFK DXV VHLQHP 9HUVWlQGQLVGHUKHUUVFKHQGHQ
6WLPPXQJKHUDXVXQGDXVGHP%HGUIQLVVLH]X YHUWLHIHQEHJDQQ


HU SO|W]OLFK GHQ +XW VFKUlJ LQ GLH 6WLUQ JHVFKREHQ YRQ VHLQHP
.RQWRULQ9DOSDUDLVRXQGYRQ-RKQQ\7KXQGHUVWRUP]XVSUHFKHQ«
ª+D EHL GHU +LW]H 'X OLHEHU *RWW« $UEHLWHQ" 1R 6LU ZLH 6LH
VHKHQ6LU©8QGGDEHLKDWWHQVLHGHP&KHILKUHQ=LJDUHWWHQUDXFKLQV
*HVLFKWJHEODVHQ'XOLHEHU*RWW«6HLQH0LHQHQXQG%HZHJXQJHQ
GUFNWHQ XQEHUWUHIIOLFK HLQH ]XJOHLFK IUHFK KHUDXVIRUGHUQGH XQG
JXWPWLJYHUEXPPHOWH7UlJKHLWDXV6HLQ%UXGHUUKUWHVLFKQLFKW
+HUU*|VFKYHUVXFKWHVHLQHQ *URJ ]XP 0XQGH ]X IXKUHQ VWHOOWH
LKQ]LVFKHQGDXIGHQ7LVFKXQGKLHEVLFKVHOEVWPLWGHU)DXVWDXIGHQ
ZLGHUVSHQVWLJHQ $UP ZRUDXI HU GDV *ODV DXIV QHXH DQ VHLQH
VFKPDOHQ/LSSHQUL‰PHKUHUHVYHUVFKWWHWHXQGGHQ5HVWLQ:XWDXI
HLQPDO KLQXQWHUJR‰ ª$FK 6LH PLW ,KUHP =LWWHUQ *|VFK© VDJWH
'|KOPDQQ ª6LH VROOWHQ VLFK¶V PDO JHKHQ ODVVHQ ZLH PLU 'LHV
YHUIOXFKWH +XQ\DGL-DQRV« ,FK NUHSLHUH ZHQQ LFK QLFKW WlJOLFK
PHLQHQ /LWHU WULQNH VRZHLW ELQ LFK XQG ZHQQ LFK LKQ WULQNH VR
NUHSLHUH LFK HUVW UHFKW :LVVHQ 6LH ZLH HV WXW ZHQQ PDQ QLHPDOV
QLFKW HLQHQ 7DJ PLW VHLQHP 0LWWDJHVVHQ IHUWLJ ZHUGHQ NDQQ« LFK
PHLQH ZHQQ PDQ HV LP 0DJHQ KDW"©« 8QG HU JDE HLQLJH
ZLGHUOLFKH (LQ]HOKHLWHQ VHLQHV %HILQGHQV ]XP EHVWHQ GLH &KULVWLDQ
%XGGHQEURRNPLWVFKDXHUOLFKHP,QWHUHVVHXQGNUDXVJH]RJHQHU1DVH
DQK|UWH XQG PLW HLQHU NOHLQHQ HLQGULQJOLFKHQ %HVFKUHLEXQJ VHLQHU
ª4XDO©EHDQWZRUWHWH
'HU5HJHQKDWWHVLFKZLHGHUYHUVWlUNW'LFKWXQGVHQNUHFKWJLQJHU
KHUQLHGHU XQG VHLQ 5DXVFKHQ HUIOOWH XQDElQGHUOLFK |GH XQG
KRIIQXQJVORV GLH 6WLOOH GHV .XUJDUWHQV ª-D GDV /HEHQ LVW IDXO©
VDJWH6HQDWRU*LHVHNHGHUVHKUYLHOJHWUXQNHQKDWWH
ª,FKPDJJDUQLFKWPHKUDXIGHU:HOWVHLQ©VDJWH&KULVWLDQª/D‰
IDKUHQ GDKLQ© VDJWH +HUU *|VFK ª'D NRPPW )LNHQ 'DKOEHFN©
VDJWH6HQDWRU*LHVHNH
'LHVZDUGLH%HVLW]HULQGHV.XKVWDOOHVGLHPLWHLQHP0LOFKHLPHU
YRUEHUJLQJ XQG GHQ +HUUHQ ]XOlFKHOWH 6LH ZDU DQ GLH 9LHU]LJ
NRUSXOHQWXQGIUHFK
6HQDWRU*LHVHNHVDKVLHPLWYHUZLOGHUWHQ$XJHQDQª:DVIUHLQ
%XVHQ© VDJWH HU XQG KLHUDQ NQSIWH .RQVXO '|KOPDQQ HLQHQ
EHUPl‰LJXQIOlWLJHQ:LW]GHUQXUEHZLUNWHGD‰GLH+HUUHQZLHGHU
NXU]XQGZHJZHUIHQGGXUFKGLH1DVHODFKWHQ


'DQQZDUGGHUDXIZDUWHQGH.HOOQHUKHUDQJHUXIHQª,FKELQPLWGHU
)ODVFKHIHUWLJJHZRUGHQ6FKU|GHU©VDJWH'|KOPDQQª:LUN|QQHQ
DXFK HEHQVRJXW PDO EH]DKOHQ (LQPDO PX‰ HV MD VHLQ« 8QG 6LH
&KULVWLDQ"1DIU6LH]DKOWZRKO*LHVHNH©
+LHU DEHU EHOHEWH VLFK 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN (U KDWWH LQ VHLQHQ
.UDJHQPDQWHO JHKOOW GLH +lQGH LP 6FK|‰H XQG GLH =LJDUHWWH LP
0XQGZLQNHO IDVW RKQH 7HLOQDKPH GDJHVHVVHQ SO|W]OLFK DEHU
ULFKWHWH HU VLFK DXI XQG VDJWH VFKDUI ª+DVW GX NHLQ *HOG EHL GLU
&KULVWLDQ"'DQQHUODXEVWGXGD‰LFKGLH.OHLQLJNHLWDXVOHJH©
0DQ VSDQQWH GLH 5HJHQVFKLUPH DXI XQG WUDW XQWHU GHP =HOWGDFK
KHUYRUXPHLQEL‰FKHQ]XSURPHQLHUHQ«
+LHXQGGDEHVXFKWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHULKUHQ%UXGHU'DQQJLQJHQ
GLH EHLGHQ ]XP 0|ZHQVWHLQ RGHU ]XP 6HHWHPSHO VSD]LHUHQ ZREHL
7RQ\ %XGGHQEURRN DXV XQEHNDQQWHQ *UQGHQ MHGHVPDO LQ HLQH
EHJHLVWHUWH XQG XQEHVWLPPW DXIUKUHULVFKH 6WLPPXQJ JHULHW 6LH
EHWRQWH ZLHGHUKROW GLH )UHLKHLW XQG *OHLFKKHLW DOOHU 0HQVFKHQ
YHUZDUINXU]HUKDQGMHGH5DQJRUGQXQJGHU6WlQGHOLH‰KDUWH:RUWH
JHJHQ3ULYLOHJLHQXQG:LOONUIDOOHQXQGYHUODQJWHDXVGUFNOLFKGD‰
GHP9HUGLHQVWHVHLQH.URQHZHUGH8QGGDQQNDPVLHDXILKU/HEHQ
]X VSUHFKHQ 6LH VSUDFK JXW VLH XQWHUKLHOW LKUHQ %UXGHU DXIV EHVWH
'LHVHV JOFNOLFKH *HVFK|SI KDWWH VRODQJH VLH DXI (UGHQ ZDQGHOWH
QLFKWV QLFKW GDV JHULQJVWH KLQXQWHU]XVFKOXFNHQ XQG VWXPP ]X
YHUZLQGHQ JHEUDXFKW $XI NHLQH 6FKPHLFKHOHL XQG NHLQH
%HOHLGLJXQJGLHLKUGDV/HEHQJHVDJWKDWWHVLHJHVFKZLHJHQ$OOHV
MHGHV*OFNXQGMHGHQ.XPPHUKDWWHVLHLQHLQHU)OXWYRQEDQDOHQ
XQG NLQGLVFK ZLFKWLJHQ :RUWHQ GLH LKUHP 0LWWHLOXQJVEHGUIQLV
YROONRPPHQ JHQJWHQ ZLHGHU YRQ VLFK JHJHEHQ ,KU 0DJHQ ZDU
QLFKW JDQ] JHVXQG DEHU LKU +HU] ZDU OHLFKW XQG IUHL  VLH ZX‰WH
VHOEVWQLFKWZLHVHKU1LFKWV8QDXVJHVSURFKHQHV]HKUWHDQLKUNHLQ
VWXPPHV(UOHEQLVEHODVWHWHVLH8QGGDUXPKDWWHVLHDXFKJDUQLFKWV
DQ LKUHU 9HUJDQJHQKHLW ]X WUDJHQ 6LH ZX‰WH GD‰ VLH EHZHJWH XQG
DUJH6FKLFNVDOHJHKDEWDEHUDOOGDVKDWWHLKUNHLQHUOHL6FKZHUHXQG
0GLJNHLWKLQWHUODVVHQXQGLP*UXQGHJODXEWHVLHJDUQLFKWGDUDQ
$OOHLQ GD HV DOOVHLWLJ DQHUNDQQWH 7DWVDFKH VFKLHQ VR QXW]WH VLH HV
DXV LQGHP VLH GDPLW SUDKOWH XQG PLW JHZDOWLJ HUQVWKDIWHU 0LHQH
GDUEHU UHGHWH« 6LH JHULHW LQV 6FKHOWHQ VLH ULHI YROO HKUOLFKHU
(QWUVWXQJGLH3HUVRQHQEHL1DPHQGLHLKU/HEHQ±XQGIROJOLFKGDV


GHU )DPLOLH %XGGHQEURRN  VFKlGOLFK EHHLQIOX‰W KDWWHQ XQG GHUHQ
=DKOPLWGHU=HLWUHFKWVWDWWOLFKJHZRUGHQZDUª7UlQHQ7ULHVFKNH©
ULHI VLH ª*UQOLFK 3HUPDQHGHU 7LEXUWLXV :HLQVFKHQN
+DJHQVWU|PV 'HU 6WDDWVDQZDOW 'LH 6HYHULQ :DV IU )LORXV
7KRPDV *RWW ZLUG VLH VWUDIHQ GHUHLQVW GHQ *ODXEHQ EHZDKUH LFK
PLU©
$OVVLHKLQDXI]XP6HHWHPSHONDPHQEUDFKVFKRQGLH'lPPHUXQJ
KHUHLQGHU+HUEVWZDUIRUWJHVFKULWWHQ6LHVWDQGHQLQHLQHUGHUQDFK
GHU%XFKW]XVLFK|IIQHQGHQ.DPPHUQLQGHQHQHVQDFK+RO]URFK
ZLH LQ GHQ .DELQHQ GHU %DGHDQVWDOW XQG GHUHQ URK JH]LPPHUWH
:lQGH PLW ,QVFKULIWHQ ,QLWLDOHQ +HU]HQ 9HUVHQ EHGHFNW ZDUHQ
1HEHQHLQDQGHUEOLFNWHQVLHEHUGHQIHXFKWJUQHQ$EKDQJXQGGHQ
VFKPDOHQ VWHLQLJHQ 6WUDQGVWUHLIHQ KLQZHJ DXI GLH WUEEHZHJWH 6HH
KLQDXV ª%UHLWH :HOOHQ«© VDJWH 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN ª:LH VLH
GDKHUNRPPHQXQG]HUVFKHOOHQGDKHUNRPPHQXQG]HUVFKHOOHQHLQH
QDFKGHUDQGHUHQHQGORV]ZHFNORV|GHXQGLUU8QGGRFKZLUNWHV
EHUXKLJHQG XQG WU|VWOLFK ZLH GDV (LQIDFKH XQG 1RWZHQGLJH 0HKU
XQG PHKU KDEH LFK GLH 6HH OLHEHQ JHOHUQW« YLHOOHLFKW ]RJ LFK
HKHPDOVGDV*HELUJHYRUZHLOHVLQZHLWHUHU)HUQHODJ-HW]WP|FKWH
LFK QLFKW PHKU GRUWKLQ ,FK JODXEH GD‰ LFK PLFK IUFKWHQ XQG
VFKlPHQ ZUGH (V LVW ]X ZLOONUOLFK ]X XQUHJHOPl‰LJ ]X
YLHOIDFK«VLFKHULFKZUGHPLFK DOO]X XQWHUOHJHQ IKOHQ:DV IU
0HQVFKHQHVZRKOVLQGGLHGHU0RQRWRQLHGHV0HHUHVGHQ9RU]XJ
JHEHQ" 0LU VFKHLQW HV VLQG VROFKH GLH ]X ODQJH XQG WLHI LQ GLH
9HUZLFNOXQJHQ GHU LQQHUOLFKHQ 'LQJH KLQHLQJHVHKHQ KDEHQ XP
QLFKW ZHQLJVWHQV YRQ GHQ lX‰HUHQ YRU DOOHP HLQV YHUODQJHQ ]X
PVVHQ (LQIDFKKHLW« (V LVW GDV ZHQLJVWH GD‰ PDQ WDSIHU
XPKHUVWHLJWLP*HELUJHZlKUHQGPDQDP0HHUHVWLOOLP6DQGHUXKW
$EHULFKNHQQHGHQ%OLFNPLWGHPPDQGHPHLQHQXQGMHQHQPLW
GHP PDQ GHP DQGHUQ KXOGLJW 6LFKHUH WURW]LJH JOFNOLFKH $XJHQ
GLH YROO VLQG YRQ 8QWHUQHKPXQJVOXVW )HVWLJNHLW XQG /HEHQVPXW
VFKZHLIHQYRQ*LSIHO]X*LSIHODEHUDXIGHU:HLWHGHV0HHUHVGDV
PLW GLHVHP P\VWLVFKHQ XQG OlKPHQGHQ )DWDOLVPXV VHLQH :RJHQ
KHUDQZlO]WWUlXPWHLQYHUVFKOHLHUWHUKRIIQXQJVORVHUXQGZLVVHQGHU
%OLFN GHU LUJHQGZR HLQVWPDOV WLHI LQ WUDXULJH :LUUQLVVH VDK«
*HVXQGKHLW XQG .UDQNKHLW GDV LVW GHU 8QWHUVFKLHG 0DQ NOHWWHUW
NHFN LQ GLH ZXQGHUYROOH 9LHOIDFKKHLW GHU ]DFNLJHQ UDJHQGHQ


]HUNOIWHWHQ (UVFKHLQXQJHQ KLQHLQ XP VHLQH /HEHQVNUDIW ]X
HUSUREHQYRQGHUQRFKQLFKWVYHUDXVJDEWZXUGH$EHUPDQUXKWDQ
GHUZHLWHQ(LQIDFKKHLWGHUlX‰HUHQ'LQJHPGHZLHPDQLVWYRQGHU
:LUUQLVGHULQQHUHQ©
)UDX3HUPDQHGHUYHUVWXPPWHVRHLQJHVFKFKWHUWXQGXQDQJHQHKP
EHUKUW ZLH KDUPORVH /HXWH YHUVWXPPHQ ZHQQ LQ *HVHOOVFKDIW
SO|W]OLFKHWZDV*XWHVXQG(UQVWHVDXVJHVSURFKHQZLUG'HUJOHLFKHQ
VDJW PDQ GRFK QLFKW GDFKWH VLH LQGHP VLH IHVW LQV :HLWH VDK XP
VHLQHQ $XJHQ QLFKW ]X EHJHJQHQ 8QG XP LKP LQ GHU 6WLOOH
DE]XELWWHQGD‰VLHVLFKIULKQVFKlPWH]RJVLHVHLQHQ$UPLQGHQ
LKULJHQ

6LHEHQWHV.DSLWHO

(V ZDU :LQWHU JHZRUGHQ :HLKQDFKW ZDU YRUEHU PDQ VFKULHE


-DQXDU -DQXDU  'HU 6FKQHH GHU GLH %UJHUVWHLJH DOV HLQH
IHVWJHWUHWHQH PLW 6DQG XQG $VFKH XQWHUPLVFKWH 0DVVH EHGHFNWH
ODJHUWH ]X EHLGHQ 6HLWHQ GHU )DKUGlPPH LQ KRKHQ +DXIHQ GLH
EHVWlQGLJ JUDXHU ]HUNOIWHWHU XQG SRU|VHU ZXUGHQ GHQQ HV ZDUHQ
:lUPHJUDGHLQ GHU /XIW 'DV 3IODVWHU ZDU QD‰ XQGVFKPXW]LJ XQG
YRQ GHQ JUDXHQ *LHEHOQ WURII HV $EHU GDUEHU VSDQQWH VLFK GHU
+LPPHO ]DUWEODX XQG PDNHOORV XQG 0LOOLDUGHQ YRQ /LFKWDWRPHQ
VFKLHQHQZLH.ULVWDOOHLQGHP$]XU]XIOLPPHUQXQG]XWDQ]HQ«
,P=HQWUXPGHU6WDGWZDUHVOHEHQGLJGHQQHVZDU6RQQDEHQGXQG
0DUNWWDJ 8QWHU GHQ 6SLW]ERJHQ GHU 5DWKDXVDUNDGHQ KDWWHQ GLH
)OHLVFKHULKUH6WlQGHXQGZRJHQPLWEOXWLJHQ+lQGHQLKUH:DUHDE
$XI GHP 0DUNWSODW]H VHOEVW DEHU XP GHQ %UXQQHQ KHUXP ZDU
)LVFKPDUNW 'RUW VD‰HQ GLH +lQGH LQ KDOE HQWKDDUWHQ 3HO]PXIIHQ
XQGGLH)‰HDQ.RKOHQEHFNHQZlUPHQGEHOHLEWH:HLEHUGLHLKUH
QD‰NDOWHQ *HIDQJHQHQ KWHWHQ XQG GLH XPKHUZDQGHUQGHQ
.|FKLQQHQXQG+DXVIUDXHQPLWEUHLWHQ:RUWHQ]XP.DXIHHLQOXGHQ
(VZDUNHLQH*HIDKUEHWURJHQ ]X ZHUGHQ 0DQ NRQQWH VLFKHUVHLQ
HWZDV )ULVFKHV ]X HUKDQGHOQ GHQQ GLH )LVFKH OHEWHQ IDVW DOOH QRFK
GLH IHWWHQ PXVNXO|VHQ )LVFKH« (LQLJH KDWWHQ HV JXW 6LH


VFKZDPPHQ LQ HLQLJHU (QJH ]ZDU DEHU GRFK JXWHQ 0XWHV LQ
:DVVHUHLPHUQ XPKHU XQG KDWWHQ QLFKWV DXV]XVWHKHQ $QGHUH DEHU
ODJHQ PLW IUFKWHUOLFK JORW]HQGHQ $XJHQ XQG DUEHLWHQGHQ .LHPHQ
]lKOHELJ XQG TXDOYROO DXI LKUHP %UHWW XQG VFKOXJHQ KDUW XQG
YHU]ZHLIHOWPLWGHP6FKZlQ]HELV PDQ VLH HQGOLFK SDFNWH XQG HLQ
VSLW]HV EOXWLJHV 0HVVHU LKQHQ PLW .QLUVFKHQ GLH .HKOH ]HUVFKQLWW
/DQJH XQG GLFNH $DOH ZDQGHQ XQG VFKOlQJHOWHQ VLFK ]X
DEHQWHXHUOLFKHQ )LJXUHQ ,Q WLHIHQ %WWHQ ZLPPHOWH HV VFKZlU]OLFK
YRQ2VWVHHNUDEEHQ0DQFKPDO]RJHLQVWDUNHU%XWWVLFKNUDPSIKDIW
]XVDPPHQXQGVFKQHOOWHVLFKLQVHLQHUWROOHQ$QJVWZHLWYRP%UHWWH
IRUWDXIGDVVFKOSIULJHYRQ$EIlOOHQYHUXQUHLQLJWH3IODVWHUVRGD‰
VHLQH %HVLW]HULQ LKP QDFKODXIHQ XQG LKQ XQWHU KDUWHQ :RUWHQ GHU
0L‰ELOOLJXQJVHLQHU3IOLFKWZLHGHU]XIXKUHQPX‰WH«
,Q GHU %UHLWHQ 6WUD‰H KHUUVFKWH XP 0LWWDJ UHJHU 9HUNHKU
6FKXONLQGHUGLH5lQ]HODXIGHP5FNHQNDPHQGDKHUHUIOOWHQGLH
/XIWPLW/DFKHQXQG*HSODSSHUXQGZDUIHQHLQDQGHU PLW GHP KDOE
]HUWDXWHQ6FKQHH-XQJH.DXIPDQQVOHKUOLQJHDXVJXWHU)DPLOLHPLW
GlQLVFKHQ 6FKLIIHUPW]HQ RGHU HOHJDQW QDFK HQJOLVFKHU 0RGH
JHNOHLGHW 3RUWHIHXLOOHV LQ GHQ +lQGHQ JLQJHQ QLFKW RKQH :UGH
YRUEHU VWRO] GHP 5HDOJ\PQDVLXP HQWURQQHQ ]X VHLQ *HVHW]WH
JUDXElUWLJH XQG K|FKOLFKVW YHUGLHQWH %UJHU VWLH‰HQ PLW GHP
*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFNXQHUVFKWWHUOLFKQDWLRQDOOLEHUDOHU*HVLQQXQJ LKUH
6SD]LHUVW|FNH YRU VLFK KHU XQG EOLFNWHQ DXIPHUNVDP ]X GHU
*ODVXU]LHJHOIDVVDGH GHV 5DWKDXVHV KLQEHU DQ GHVVHQ 3RUWDO GLH
'RSSHOZDFKHDXIJH]RJHQZDU'HQQGHU6HQDWZDUYHUVDPPHOW'LH
EHLGHQ,QIDQWHULVWHQVFKULWWHQLQLKUHQ0lQWHOQGDV*HZHKUDXIGHU
6FKXOWHU GLH LKQHQ ]XJHPHVVHQH 6WUHFNH DE LQGHP VLH NDOWEOWLJ
GXUFK GLH NRWLJH XQG KDOEIOVVLJH 6FKQHHPDVVH DP %RGHQ
VWDPSIWHQ 6LH EHJHJQHWHQ VLFK LQ GHU 0LWWH YRUP (LQJDQJ VDKHQ
VLFKDQZHFKVHOWHQHLQ:RUWXQGJLQJHQQDFKEHLGHQ6HLWHQZLHGHU
DXVHLQDQGHU 0DQFKPDO ZHQQ PLW HPSRUJHNODSSWHP 3DOHWRWNUDJHQ
XQGEHLGH +lQGH LQ GHQ7DVFKHQ HLQ 2IIL]LHU VLFK QlKHUWH GHU GHQ
6SXUHQ LUJHQGHLQHV 0DPVHOOFKHQV IROJWH XQG VLFK JOHLFK]HLWLJ YRQ
GHQ MXQJHQ 'DPHQ DXV JUR‰HP +DXVH EHZXQGHUQ OLH‰ VWHOOWH VLFK
MHGHUYRUVHLQ6FKLOGHUKDXVEHVDKVLFKVHOEVWYRQREHQELVXQWHQXQG
SUlVHQWLHUWH«(VKDWWHQRFKJXWH:HLOHELVVLHGHQ6HQDWRUHQEHLP
+HUDXVNRPPHQ]XVDOXWLHUHQKDEHQZUGHQ'LH6LW]XQJGDXHUWHHUVW


GUHL 9LHUWHOVWXQGHQ 6LH ZUGHQ ZRKO YRUKHU QRFK DEJHO|VW
ZHUGHQ«
'D DEHU SO|W]OLFK YHUQDKP GHU HLQH GHU EHLGHQ 6ROGDWHQ HLQ
NXU]HV GLVNUHWHV =LVFKHQ LP ,QQHUQ GHV *HElXGHV XQG LP VHOEHQ
$XJHQEOLFN OHXFKWHWH LP 3RUWDO GHU URWH )UDFN GHV 5DWVGLHQHUV
8KOHIHOGW DXI ZHOFKHU PLW 'UHLVSLW] XQG *DODQWHULHGHJHQ LQ
lX‰HUVWHU*HVFKlIWLJNHLW]XP9RUVFKHLQNDPHLQOHLVHVª$FKWXQJ©
KHUYRUVWLH‰XQGVLFKHLOIHUWLJZLHGHU]XUFN]RJZlKUHQGGULQQHQDXI
GHQKDOOHQGHQ)OLHVHQVFKRQQDKHQGH6FKULWWHVLFKK|UHQOLH‰HQ«
'LH,QIDQWHULVWHQPDFKWHQ)URQWVLH]RJHQGLH$EVlW]H]XVDPPHQ
VWHLIWHQ GDV *HQLFN EOlKWHQ GLH %UXVWVHW]WHQ GDV *HZHKU EHL )X‰
XQG SUlVHQWLHUWHQ HV PLW HLQ SDDU SURPSW ]XVDPPHQNODSSHQGHQ
*ULIIHQ =ZLVFKHQ LKQHQ KLQGXUFK VFKULWW ]LHPOLFK JHVFKZLQG PLW
JHOIWHWHP =\OLQGHU HLQ NDXP PLWWHOJUR‰HU +HUU GHU HLQH VHLQHU
KHOOHQ %UDXHQ HLQ ZHQLJ HPSRUJH]RJHQ KLHOW XQG GHVVHQ ZHL‰OLFKH
:DQJHQ YRQ GHQ ODQJ DXVJH]RJHQHQ 6FKQXUUEDUWVSLW]HQ EHUUDJW
ZXUGHQ 6HQDWRU 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN YHUOLH‰ KHXWH ODQJH YRU
6FKOX‰GHU6LW]XQJGDV5DWKDXV
(UERJUHFKWVDEXQGVFKOXJDOVRQLFKWGHQ:HJ]XVHLQHP+DXVH
HLQ .RUUHNW WDGHOORV VDXEHU XQG HOHJDQW JLQJ HU PLW GHP HWZDV
KSIHQGHQ 6FKULWWH GHU LKP HLJHQ ZDU GLH %UHLWH 6WUD‰H HQWODQJ
LQGHPHUEHVWlQGLJQDFKDOOHQ6HLWHQ]XJU‰HQKDWWH(UWUXJZHL‰H
*ODFHKDQGVFKXKHXQGKLHOWVHLQHQ6WRFNPLWVLOEHUQHU.UFNHXQWHU
GHP OLQNHQ $UP +LQWHU GHP GLFNHQ 5HYHUV VHLQHV 3HO]HV VDK PDQ
GLH ZHL‰H )UDFNNUDZDWWH $EHU VHLQ VRUJIlOWLJ KHUJHULFKWHWHU .RSI
VDK EHUQlFKWLJ DXV 9HUVFKLHGHQH /HXWH EHPHUNWHQ LP
9RUEHUJHKHQGD‰LKPSO|W]OLFKGLH7UlQHQLQGLHJHU|WHWHQ$XJHQ
VWLHJHQXQGGD‰HUGLH/LSSHQDXIHLQHJDQ]VRQGHUEDUHEHKXWVDPH
XQG YHU]HUUWH :HLVH JHVFKORVVHQ KLHOW 0DQFKPDO VFKOXFNWH HU
KLQXQWHUDOVKDEHVHLQ0XQGVLFKPLW)OVVLJNHLWJHIOOWXQGGDQQ
NRQQWH PDQ DQ GHQ %HZHJXQJHQ GHU 0XVNHOQ DQ :DQJHQ XQG
6FKOlIHQ EHREDFKWHQ GD‰ HU GLH .LHIHU ]XVDPPHQEL‰ ª:DV QXQ
%XGGHQEURRN GX VFKZlQ]W GLH 6LW]XQJ" 'DV LVW PDO ZDV 1HXHV©
VDJWHDP$QIDQJGHU0KOHQVWUD‰HMHPDQG]XLKPGHQHUQLFKWKDWWH
NRPPHQVHKHQ(VZDU6WHSKDQ.LVWHQPDNHUGHUSO|W]OLFKYRULKP
VWDQGVHLQ)UHXQGXQG%HZXQGHUHUGHUVLFKLQ|IIHQWOLFKHQ)UDJHQ
MHGH VHLQHU 0HLQXQJHQ ]X HLJHQ PDFKWH (U EHVD‰ HLQHQ


UXQGJHVFKQLWWHQHQ HUJUDXHQGHQ 9ROOEDUW IXUFKWEDU GLFNH
$XJHQEUDXHQXQGHLQHODQJHSRU|VH1DVH9RUHLQSDDU-DKUHQKDWWH
HU VLFK QDFKGHP HU HLQ JXWHV 6WFN *HOG YHUGLHQW YRQ GHP
:HLQJHVFKlIW ]XUFNJH]RJHQ GDV QXQ VHLQ %UXGHU (GXDUG DXI
HLJHQH +DQG ZHLWHUIKUWH 6HLWGHP OHEWH HU DOV 3ULYDWLHU GD HU VLFK
GLHVHV 6WDQGHV LP *UXQGH DEHU HLQ ZHQLJ VFKlPWH VR WDW HU
EHVWlQGLJ DOV KDEH HU XQEHUZLQGOLFK YLHO ]X WXQ ª,FK UHLEH PLFK
DXI© VDJWH HU XQG VWULFK PLW GHU +DQG EHU VHLQHQ JUDXHQ PLW GHU
%UHQQVFKHUHJHZHOOWHQ6FKHLWHOª$EHUZR]XLVWGHU0HQVFKDXIGHU
:HOWDOVXPVLFKDXI]XUHLEHQ"©6WXQGHQODQJVWDQGHUPLWZLFKWLJHQ
*HElUGHQDQGHU%|UVHRKQHGRUWGDVJHULQJVWH]XVXFKHQ]XKDEHQ
(UEHNOHLGHWHHLQH0HQJHYRQJOHLFKJOWLJHQbPWHUQ.U]OLFKKDWWH
HU VLFK ]XP 'LUHNWRU GHU 6WlGWLVFKHQ %DGHDQVWDOW JHPDFKW (U
IXQJLHUWH HPVLJ DOV *HVFKZRUHQHU DOV 0DNOHU DOV
7HVWDPHQWVYROOVWUHFNHU XQG ZLVFKWH VLFK GHQ 6FKZHL‰ YRQ GHU
6WLUQ« ª(V LVW GRFK 6LW]XQJ %XGGHQEURRN© ZLHGHUKROWH HU ªXQG
GXJHKVWVSD]LHUHQ"©
ª$FKGXELVWHV©VDJWHGHU6HQDWRUOHLVHXQGPLWZLGHUZLOOLJVLFK
EHZHJHQGHQ/LSSHQǻ,FKNDQQPLQXWHQODQJQLFKWVVHKHQ,FKKDEH
ZDKQVLQQLJH6FKPHU]HQ©
ª6FKPHU]HQ":R"©
ª=DKQVFKPHU]HQ 6HLW JHVWHUQ VFKRQ ,FK KDEH LQ GHU 1DFKW NHLQ
$XJH ]XJHWDQ« ,FK ZDU QRFK QLFKW EHLP $U]W ZHLO LFK KHXWH
PRUJHQ LP *HVFKlIW ]X WXQ KDWWH XQG GDQQ GLH 6LW]XQJ QLFKW
YHUVlXPHQ ZROOWH 1XQ NRQQWH LFK HV GRFK QLFKWDXVKDOWHQ XQG ELQ
DXIGHP:HJH]X%UHFKW«©
ª:RVLW]WHVGHQQ"©
ª+LHUXQWHQOLQNV«(LQ%DFNHQ]DKQ«(ULVWQDWUOLFKKRKO«(V
LVW XQHUWUlJOLFK« $GLHX .LVWHQPDNHU 'X EHJUHLIVW GD‰ LFK (LOH
KDEH«©
ª-D PHLQVW GX GD‰ LFK NHLQH KDEH" )UFKWHUOLFK YLHO ]X WXQ«
$GLHX*XWH%HVVHUXQJEULJHQV/D‰LKQDXV]LHKHQ,PPHU JOHLFK
UDXVGDPLWGDVLVWGDVEHVWH«©
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN JLQJ ZHLWHU XQG EL‰ GLH .LHIHU ]XVDPPHQ
REJOHLFK GLHV GLH 6DFKH QXU YHUVFKOLPPHUWH (V ZDU HLQ ZLOGHU
EUHQQHQGHUXQGERKUHQGHU6FKPHU]HLQHERVKDIWH3HLQGLHVLFKYRQ


HLQHP NUDQNHQ %DFNHQ]DKQ DXV GHU JDQ]HQ OLQNHQ 6HLWH GHV
8QWHUNLHIHUV EHPlFKWLJW KDWWH 'LH (QW]QGXQJ SRFKWH GDULQ PLW
JOKHQGHQ +lPPHUFKHQ XQG PDFKWH GD‰ LKP GLH )LHEHUKLW]H LQV
*HVLFKWXQGGLH7UlQHQLQGLH$XJHQVFKRVVHQ'LHVFKODIORVH1DFKW
KDWWH VHLQH 1HUYHQ VFKUHFNOLFK DQJHJULIIHQ (U KDWWH VLFK EHLP
6SUHFKHQ ]XVDPPHQQHKPHQ PVVHQ GDPLW VHLQH 6WLPPH QLFKW
EUHFKH
,Q GHU 0KOHQVWUD‰H EHWUDW HU HLQ PLW JHOEEUDXQHU gOIDUEH
JHVWULFKHQHV+DXVXQGVWLHJ]XPHUVWHQ6WRFNZHUNHPSRUZRVHOEVW
DQGHU7UDXIHLQHP0HVVLQJVFKLOGª=DKQDU]W%UHFKW©]XOHVHQZDU
(UVDKGDV'LHQVWPlGFKHQQLFKWGDVLKP|IIQHWH$XIGHP.RUULGRU
URFK HV ZDUP QDFK %HHIVWHDN XQG %OXPHQNRKO 'DQQ SO|W]OLFK
DWPHWH HU GLH VFKDUI ULHFKHQGH /XIW GHV :DUWH]LPPHUV LQ GDV PDQ
LKQ Q|WLJWH ª1HKPHQ 6LH 3ODW]« HLQHQ 0RPDQJ© VFKULH GLH
6WLPPHGHVDOWHQ:HLEHV(VZDU-RVHSKXVGHULP+LQWHUJUXQGHGHV
5DXPHVLQVHLQHPEODQNHQ%DXHUVD‰XQGLKPPLWNOHLQHQJLIWLJHQ
$XJHQVFKLHIXQGWFNLVFKHQWJHJHQVWDUUWH
'HU 6HQDWRU VHW]WH VLFK DQ GHQ UXQGHQ 7LVFK XQG YHUVXFKWH GLH
:LW]HLQHLQHP%DQG¾)OLHJHQGHU%OlWWHU½DXIVLFKZLUNHQ]XODVVHQ
VFKOXJ GDQQ DEHU GDV %XFK PLW (NHO ]X GUFNWH GDV NKOH 6LOEHU
VHLQHU 6WRFNNUFNH JHJHQ GLH :DQJH VFKOR‰ VHLQH EUHQQHQGHQ
$XJHQXQGVW|KQWH5LQJVZDUDOOHVVWLOO XQG QXU-RVHSKXV EL‰ PLW
.QDFNHQ XQG .QLUVFKHQ LQ GDV LKQ XPJHEHQGH *LWWHU +HUU %UHFKW
ZDU HV VLFK VFKXOGLJ DXFK ZHQQ HU XQEHVFKlIWLJW ZDU HLQH :HLOH
ZDUWHQ]XODVVHQ
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN VWDQG KDVWLJ DXI XQG WUDQN DQ HLQHP
7LVFKFKHQDXVHLQHUGRUWDXIJHVWHOOWHQ.DUDIIHHLQ*ODV:DVVHUGDV
QDFK&KORURIRUPURFKXQGVFKPHFNWH'DQQ|IIQHWHHUGLH7U]XP
.RUULGRU XQG ULHI PLW JHUHL]WHU %HWRQXQJ KLQDXV ZHQQ QLFKW
GULQJHQGH $EKDOWXQJ YRUKDQGHQ VHL P|JH +HUU %UHFKW GLH *WH
KDEHQVLFKHLQZHQLJ]XEHHLOHQ(UKDEH6FKPHU]HQ
*OHLFK GDUDXI HUVFKLHQ GHU JUDXPHOLHUWH 6FKQXUUEDUW GLH
+DNHQQDVH XQG GLH NDKOH 6WLUQ GHV =DKQDU]WHV LQ GHU 7U ]XP
2SHUDWLRQV]LPPHUª%LWWH©VDJWHHUª%LWWH©VFKULHDXFK-RVHSKXV
'HU6HQDWRUIROJWHGHU(LQODGXQJRKQH]XODFKHQ(LQVFKZHUHU)DOO
GDFKWH+HUU%UHFKWXQGYHUIlUEWHVLFK«


6LH JLQJHQ EHLGH UDVFK GXUFK GDV KHOOH =LPPHU ]X GHP JUR‰HQ
YHUVWHOOEDUHQ6WXKOPLW.RSISROVWHUXQGJUQSOVFKHQHQ$UPOHKQHQ
GHUYRUHLQHPGHUEHLGHQ)HQVWHUVWDQG:lKUHQGHUVLFKQLHGHUOLH‰
HUNOlUWH 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN NXU] XP ZDV HV VLFK KDQGHOH OHJWH
GHQ.RSI]XUFNXQGVFKOR‰GLH$XJHQ
+HUU%UHFKWVFKREHLQZHQLJDQGHP6WXKOHXQGPDFKWHVLFKGDQQ
PLW HLQHP 6SLHJHOFKHQ XQG HLQHP 6WDKOVWlEFKHQ DQ GHP =DKQH ]X
VFKDIIHQ 6HLQH +DQG URFK QDFK 0DQGHOVHLIH VHLQ $WHP QDFK
%HHIVWHDNXQG%OXPHQNRKOª:LUPVVHQ]XU([WUDNWLRQVFKUHLWHQ©
VDJWH HU QDFK HLQHU :HLOH XQG HUEOLFK QRFK PHKU ª6FKUHLWHQ 6LH
QXU©VDJWHGHU6HQDWRUXQGVFKOR‰GLH/LGHUQRFKIHVWHU
1XQWUDWHLQH3DXVHHLQ+HUU%UHFKWSUlSDULHUWHDQHLQHP6FKUDQNH
LUJHQG HWZDV XQG VXFKWH ,QVWUXPHQWH KHUYRU 'DQQ QlKHUWH HU VLFK
GHP3DWLHQWHQDXIVQHXHª,FKZHUGHHLQEL‰FKHQSLQVHOQ©VDJWHHU
8QGVRJOHLFKEHJDQQHUGLHVHQ(QWVFKOX‰]XU7DW]XPDFKHQLQGHP
HUGDV=DKQIOHLVFKDXVJLHELJPLWHLQHUVFKDUIULHFKHQGHQ)OVVLJNHLW
EHVWULFK +LHUDXI EDW HU OHLVH XQG KHU]OLFK VWLOOH]XKDOWHQ XQG GHQ
0XQGVHKUZHLW]X|IIQHQXQGEHJDQQVHLQ:HUN
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN KLHOW PLW EHLGHQ +lQGHQ GLH
6DPPHWDUPSROVWHU IHVWHUID‰W (UHPSIDQG NDXP GDV $QVHW]HQ XQG
=XJUHLIHQ GHU =DQJH EHPHUNWH GDQQ DEHU DQ GHP .QLUVFKHQ LQ
VHLQHP0XQGHVRZLHDQGHPZDFKVHQGHQLPPHUVFKPHU]KDIWHUXQG
ZWHQGHU ZHUGHQGHQ 'UXFN GHP VHLQ JDQ]HU .RSI DXVJHVHW]W ZDU
GD‰ DOOHV DXI GHP EHVWHQ :HJH VHL *RWW EHIRKOHQ GDFKWH HU 1XQ
PX‰HVVHLQHQ*DQJJHKHQ'LHVZlFKVWXQGZlFKVWELVLQV0D‰ORVH
XQG 8QHUWUlJOLFKH ELV ]XU HLJHQWOLFKHQ .DWDVWURSKH ELV ]X HLQHP
ZDKQVLQQLJHQ NUHLVFKHQGHQ XQPHQVFKOLFKHQ 6FKPHU] GHU GDV
JDQ]H *HKLUQ ]HUUHL‰W« 'DQQ LVW HV EHUVWDQGHQ LFK PX‰ HV QXQ
DEZDUWHQ
(V GDXHUWH GUHL RGHU YLHU 6HNXQGHQ +HUUQ %UHFKWV EHEHQGH
.UDIWDQVWUHQJXQJWHLOWHVLFK7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNVJDQ]HP.|USHU
PLW HU ZXUGH HLQ ZHQLJ DXI VHLQHP 6LW]H HPSRUJH]RJHQ XQG K|UWH
HLQ OHLVH SLHSHQGHV *HUlXVFK LQ GHU .HKOH GHV =DKQDU]WHV«
3O|W]OLFK JDE HV HLQHQ IXUFKWEDUHQ 6WR‰ HLQH (UVFKWWHUXQJ DOV
ZUGH LKP GDV *HQLFN JHEURFKHQ EHJOHLWHW YRQ HLQHP NXU]HQ
.QDFNHQ XQG .UDFKHQ (U |IIQHWH KDVWLJ GLH $XJHQ« 'HU 'UXFN
ZDU IRUW DEHU VHLQ .RSI GU|KQWH GHU 6FKPHU] WREWH KHL‰ LQ GHP


HQW]QGHWHQ XQG PL‰KDQGHOWHQ .LHIHU XQG HU IKOWH GHXWOLFK GD‰
GLHV QLFKW GDV %H]ZHFNWH QLFKW GLH ZDKUH /|VXQJ GHU )UDJH
VRQGHUQ HLQH YHUIUKWH .DWDVWURSKH VHL GLH GLH 6DFKODJH QXU
YHUVFKOLPPHUWH« +HUU %UHFKW ZDU ]XUFNJHWUHWHQ (U OHKQWH DP
,QVWUXPHQWHQVFKUDQNVDKDXVZLHGHU7RGXQGVDJWHª'LH.URQH«
,FKGDFKWHPLU¶V©
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN VSLH HLQ ZHQLJ %OXWLQ GLH EODXH 6FKDOH ]X
VHLQHU6HLWHGHQQGDV=DKQIOHLVFKZDUYHUOHW]W'DQQIUDJWHHUKDOE
EHZX‰WORVª:DVGDFKWHQ6LHVLFK":DVLVWPLWGHU.URQH"©
ª'LH .URQH LVW DEJHEURFKHQ +HUU 6HQDWRU« ,FK IUFKWHWH HV«
'HU =DKQ LVW DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK GHIHNW« $EHU HV ZDU PHLQH 3IOLFKW
GDV([SHULPHQW]XZDJHQ«©
ª:DVQXQ"©
ªhEHUODVVHQ6LHDOOHVPLU+HUU6HQDWRU«©
ª:DVPX‰JHVFKHKHQ"©
ª'LH :XU]HOQ PVVHQ HQWIHUQW ZHUGHQ 9HUPLWWHOVW GHV +HEHOV«
(VVLQGYLHUDQGHU=DKO«©
ª9LHU"$OVRLVWYLHUPDOLJHV$QVHW]HQXQG=LHKHQQ|WLJ"©
ª/HLGHU©
ª1XQ IU KHXWH LVW HV JHQXJ© VDJWH GHU 6HQDWRU XQG ZROOWH VLFK
UDVFKHUKHEHQEOLHEDEHUWURW]GHPVLW]HQXQGOHJWHGHQ.RSI]XUFN
ª/LHEHU +HUU 6LH GUIHQ QXU 0HQVFKOLFKHV YHUODQJHQ© VDJWH HU
ª,FK VWHKH QLFKW DXI GHQ IHVWHVWHQ )‰HQ« )U GLHVPDO ELQ LFK
MHGHQIDOOVIHUWLJ«:ROOHQ6LHGLH*WHKDEHQGDV)HQVWHUGDHLQHQ
$XJHQEOLFN]X|IIQHQ©
'LHV WDW +HUU %UHFKW XQG GDQQ HUZLGHUWH HU ª(V ZlUH PLU
YROONRPPHQOLHE+HUU6HQDWRUZHQQ6LHPRUJHQRGHUEHUPRUJHQ
]XHLQHUEHOLHELJHQ6WXQGHZLHGHUYRUVSUHFKHQP|FKWHQXQGZLUGLH
2SHUDWLRQELVGDKLQYHUVFK|EHQ,FKPX‰JHVWHKHQLFKVHOEVW«,FK
ZHUGH PLU MHW]W HUODXEHQ QRFK HLQH 6SOXQJ XQG HLQH 3LQVHOXQJ
YRU]XQHKPHQXPGHQ6FKPHU]YRUOlXILJ]XOLQGHUQ«©
(U QDKP GLH 6SOXQJ XQG GLH 3LQVHOXQJ YRU XQG GDQQ JLQJ GHU
6HQDWRU EHJOHLWHW YRQ GHP EHGDXHUQGHQ $FKVHO]XFNHQ DQ GDV GHU
VFKQHHEOHLFKH %UHFKW VHLQH OHW]WHQ .UlIWH YHUDXVJDEWH ª(LQHQ
0RPDQJ« ELWWH© VFKULH -RVHSKXV DOV VLH GDV :DUWH]LPPHU


SDVVLHUWHQ XQG HU VFKULH HV QRFK DOV 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN VFKRQ
GLH7UHSSHKLQXQWHUVWLHJ
9HUPLWWHOVWGHV+HEHOV«MDMDGDVZDUPRUJHQ:DV QXQ" 1DFK
+DXVH XQG UXKHQ ]X VFKODIHQ YHUVXFKHQ 'HU HLJHQWOLFKH
1HUYHQVFKPHU] VFKLHQ EHWlXEW HV ZDU QXU HLQ GXQNOHV VFKZHUHV
%UHQQHQLQVHLQHP0XQGH1DFK+DXVHDOVR«8QGHUJLQJODQJVDP
GXUFK GLH 6WUD‰HQ PHFKDQLVFK *U‰H HUZLGHUQG GLH LKP
GDUJHEUDFKW ZXUGHQ PLW VLQQHQGHQ XQG 8QJHZLVVHQ $XJHQ DOV
GlFKWHHUGDUEHUQDFKZLHLKPHLJHQWOLFK]XPXWHVHL
(U JHODQJWH ]XU )LVFKHUJUXEH XQG EHJDQQ GDV OLQNH 7URWWRLU
KLQXQWHU]XJHKHQ 1DFK ]ZDQ]LJ 6FKULWWHQ EHILHO LKQ HLQH hEHONHLW
,FK ZHUGH GRUW GUEHQ LQ GLH 6FKHQNH WUHWHQ XQG HLQHQ .RJQDN
WULQNHQPVVHQGDFKWHHUXQGEHVFKULWWGHQ)DKUGDPP$OVHUHWZD
GLH 0LWWH GHVVHOEHQ HUUHLFKW KDWWH JHVFKDK LKP IROJHQGHV (V ZDU
JHQDX DOV ZUGH VHLQ *HKLUQ HUJULIIHQ XQG YRQ HLQHU
XQZLGHUVWHKOLFKHQ .UDIW PLW ZDFKVHQGHU IUFKWHUOLFK ZDFKVHQGHU
*HVFKZLQGLJNHLW LQ JUR‰HQ NOHLQHUHQ XQG LPPHU NOHLQHUHQ
NRQ]HQWULVFKHQ .UHLVHQ KHUXPJHVFKZXQJHQ XQG VFKOLH‰OLFK PLW
HLQHU XQPl‰LJHQ EUXWDOHQ XQG HUEDUPXQJVORVHQ :XFKW JHJHQ GHQ
VWHLQKDUWHQ 0LWWHOSXQNW GLHVHU .UHLVH JHVFKPHWWHUW« (U YROOIKUWH
HLQHKDOEH'UHKXQJXQGVFKOXJPLWDXVJHVWUHFNWHQ$UPHQYRUQEHU
DXIGDVQDVVH3IODVWHU
'D GLH 6WUD‰H VWDUN DEILHO EHIDQG VLFK VHLQ 2EHUN|USHU ]LHPOLFK
YLHO WLHIHU DOV VHLQH )X‰H (U ZDU DXIV *HVLFKW JHIDOOHQ XQWHU GHP
VRIRUW HLQH %OXWODFKH VLFK DXV]XEUHLWHQ EHJDQQ 6HLQ +XW UROOWH HLQ
6WFN GHV )DKUGDPPHV KLQXQWHU 6HLQ 3HO] ZDU PLW .RW XQG
6FKQHHZDVVHU EHVSULW]W 6HLQH +lQGH LQ GHQ ZHL‰HQ
*ODFHKDQGVFKXKHQODJHQDXVJHVWUHFNWLQHLQHU3IW]H
6RODJHUXQGEOLHEVROLHJHQELVHLQSDDU /HXWH KHUDQJHNRPPHQ
ZDUHQXQGLKQXPZDQGWHQ


$FKWHV.DSLWHO

)UDX3HUPDQHGHUNDPGLH+DXSWWUHSSHKHUDXILQGHPVLHYRUQPLW
GHU +DQG LKU .OHLG HPSRUUDQNH XQG PLW GHU DQGHUHQ GHQ JUR‰HQ
EUDXQHQ 0XII JHJHQ LKUH :DQJH GUFNWH 6LH VWU]WH XQG VWROSHUWH
PHKU DOV GD‰ VLH JLQJ LKU .DSRWWKXW ZDU XQRUGHQWOLFK DXIJHVHW]W
LKUH:DQJHQZDUHQKLW]LJXQGDXILKUHUHLQZHQLJYRUJHVFKREHQHQ
2EHUOLSSH VWDQGHQ NOHLQH 6FKZHL‰WURSIHQ 2EJOHLFK LKU QLHPDQG
EHJHJQHWH VSUDFK VLH XQDXIK|UOLFK LP 9RUZlUWVKDVWHQ XQG DXV
LKUHP )OVWHUQ O|VWH VLFK GDQQ XQG ZDQQ PLW SO|W]OLFKHP 9RUVWR‰H
HLQ:RUWORVGHPGLH$QJVWODXWHQ7RQYHUOLHKǻ(VLVWQLFKWVǩ
VDJWHVLHª(VKDWJDUQLFKWV]XEHGHXWHQ«'HUOLHEH*RWWZLUGGDV
QLFKWZROOHQ«(UZHL‰ZDVHUWXWGHQ*ODXEHQEHZDKUHLFKPLU«
(V KDW JDQ] VLFKHUOLFK QLFKWV ]X VDJHQ« $FK GX +HUU WDJWlJOLFK
ZLOOLFKEHWHQ«©6LHSODSSHUWHHLQIDFK8QVLQQYRU$QJVWVWU]WHGLH
7UHSSH]XU]ZHLWHQ(WDJHKLQDXIXQGEHUGHQ.RUULGRU«
'LH 7U ]XP 9RU]LPPHU VWDQG RIIHQ XQG GRUW NDP LKUH
6FKZlJHULQLKUHQWJHJHQ
*HUGD%XGGHQEURRNVVFK|QHVZHL‰HV*HVLFKWZDULQ*UDXHQXQG
(NHO JDQ] XQG JDU YHU]RJHQ XQG LKUH QDKH EHLHLQDQGHUOLHJHQGHQ
EUDXQHQ YRQ EOlXOLFKHQ 6FKDWWHQ XPODJHUWHQ $XJHQ EOLFNWHQ
EOLQ]HOQG]RUQLJYHUVW|UWXQGDQJHZLGHUW$OVVLH)UDX3HUPDQHGHU
HUNDQQWH ZLQNWH VLH LKU UDVFK PLW DXVJHVWUHFNWHP $UPH XQG
XPDUPWHVLHLQGHPVLHGHQ.RSIDQLKUHU6FKXOWHUYHUEDUJª*HUGD
*HUGDZDVLVW©ULHI)UDX3HUPDQHGHUª:DVLVWJHVFKHKHQ«:DV
EHGHXWHW GLHV« *HVWU]W VDJHQ VLH" %HZX‰WORV"« :LH LVW HV PLW
LKP"«'HUOLHEH*RWWZLUGGDV6FKOLPPVWHQLFKWZROOHQ«6DJHPLU
GRFKXPDOOHU%DUPKHU]LJNHLWZLOOHQ«©
$EHU VLH HUKLHOW QLFKW VRJOHLFK HLQH $QWZRUW VRQGHUQ IKOWH QXU
ZLH*HUGD¶VJDQ]H*HVWDOWVLFKLQHLQHP6FKDXHUGHKQWH8QGGDQQ
YHUQDKP VLH DQ LKUHU 6FKXOWHU HLQ )OVWHUQ« ª:LH HU DXVVDK©
YHUVWDQGVLHªDOVVLHLKQEUDFKWHQ6HLQJDQ]HV/HEHQODQJKDWPDQ
QLFKWHLQ6WDXEIlVHUFKHQDQLKPVHKHQGUIHQ«(VLVWHLQ+RKQXQG
HLQH1LHGHUWUDFKWGD‰GDV/HW]WHVRNRPPHQPX‰«©
*HGlPSIWHV *HUlXVFK GUDQJ ]X LKQHQ 'LH 7U ]XP
$QNOHLGHNDEPHWW KDWWH VLFK JH|IIQHW XQG ,GD -XQJPDQQ VWDQG LQ


LKUHP 5DKPHQ LQ ZHL‰HU 6FKU]H HLQH 6FKVVHO LQ GHQ +lQGHQ
,KUH $XJHQ ZDUHQ JHU|WHW 6LH HUEOLFNWH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU XQG WUDW
PLW JHVHQNWHP .RSIH ]XUFN XP GHQ :HJ IUHL]XJHEHQ ,KU .LQQ
]LWWHUWHLQ)DOWHQ
'LH KRKHQ JHEOPWHQ )HQVWHUYRUKlQJH EHZHJWHQ VLFK LP
/XIW]XJH DOV 7RQ\ JHIROJW YRQ GHU 6FKZlJHULQ LQV 6FKODI]LPPHU
WUDW 'HU *HUXFK YRQ .DUERO bWKHU XQG DQGHUHQ 0HGLNDPHQWHQ
ZHKWHLKQHQHQWJHJHQ,QGHPEUHLWHQ0DKDJRQLEHWWXQWHUGHUURWHQ
6WHSSGHFNH ODJ 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN DXVJHNOHLGHW XQG LP
JHVWLFNWHQ 1DFKWKHPG DXI GHP 5FNHQ 6HLQH KDOE RIIHQHQ $XJHQ
ZDUHQ JHEURFKHQ XQG YHUGUHKW XQWHU GHP ]HU]DXVWHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW
EHZHJWHQ VHLQH /LSSHQ VLFK ODOOHQG XQG JXUJHOQGH /DXWH GUDQJHQ
GDQQXQGZDQQDXVVHLQHU.HKOH'HUMXQJH'RNWRU/DQJKDOVEHXJWH
VLFKEHULKQQDKPHLQHQEOXWLJHQ9HUEDQGYRQVHLQHP*HVLFKWXQG
WDXFKWH HLQHQ QHXHQ LQ HLQ 6FKlOFKHQ GDV DXI GHP 1DFKWWLVFKH
VWDQG 'DQQ KRUFKWH HU DQ GHU %UXVW GHV .UDQNHQ XQG IKOWH GHQ
3XOV« $XI GHP :lVFKHSXII ]X )‰HQ GHV %HWWHV VD‰ GHU NOHLQH
-RKDQQ GUHKWH DQ VHLQHP 6FKLIIHUNQRWHQ XQG KRUFKWH PLW
JUEOHULVFKHP *HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN KLQWHU VLFK DXI GLH /DXWH GLH VHLQ
9DWHU DXVVWLH‰ 'LH EHVXGHOWHQ .OHLGXQJVVWFNH KLQJHQ LUJHQGZR
EHUHLQHP6WXKOH
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU NDXHUWH VLFK ]XU 6HLWH GHV %HWWHV QLHGHU HUJULII
GLH+DQGLKUHV%UXGHUVGLHNDOWXQGVFKZHUZDUXQGVWDUUWHLQVHLQ
*HVLFKW« 6LH EHJDQQ ]X EHJUHLIHQ GD‰ ZX‰WH GHUOLHEH *RWW QXQ
ZDV HU WDW RGHU QLFKW HU MHGHQIDOOV GHQQRFK ªGDV 6FKOLPPVWH©
ZROOWHª7RP©MDPPHUWHVLHª(UNHQQVWGXPLFKQLFKW":LHLVWGLU"
:LOOVWGXYRQXQVJHKHQ"'XZLOOVWGRFKQLFKWYRQXQVJHKHQ"$FK
HVGDUIQLFKWVHLQ«©
1LFKWV HUIROJWH ZDV HLQHU $QWZRUW lKQOLFK JHZHVHQ ZlUH 6LH
EOLFNWHKLOIHVXFKHQG]X'RNWRU/DQJKDOVDXI(UVWDQGGDKLHOWVHLQH
VFK|QHQ $XJHQ JHVHQNW XQG GUFNWH LQ VHLQHU 0LHQH QLFKW RKQH
HLQLJH6HOEVWJHIlOOLJNHLWGHQ:LOOHQGHVOLHEHQ*RWWHVDXV«
,GD -XQJPDQQ NDP ZLHGHU KHUHLQ XP ]X KHOIHQ ZR HV ]X KHOIHQ
JDE 'HU DOWH 'RNWRU *UDERZ HUVFKLHQ SHUV|QOLFK GUFNWH PLW
ODQJHP XQG PLOGHP *HVLFKWH DOOHQ GLH +DQG EHWUDFKWHWH
NRSIVFKWWHOQG GHQ .UDQNHQ XQG WDW JHQDX ZDV DXFK 'RNWRU
/DQJKDOVVFKRQJHWDQKDWWH«'LH.XQGHKDWWHVLFKPLW:LQGHVHLOH


LQ GHU JDQ]HQ 6WDGW YHUEUHLWHW %HVWlQGLJ VFKHOOWH HV GUXQWHQ DP
:LQGIDQJXQG)UDJHQQDFKGHP%HILQGHQGHV6HQDWRUVGUDQJHQLQV
6FKODI]LPPHU (V ZDU XQYHUlQGHUW XQYHUlQGHUW« MHGHU EHNDP GLH
JOHLFKH$QWZRUW
'LH EHLGHQ bU]WH KLHOWHQ GDIU GD‰ DXI MHGHQ )DOO IU GLH 1DFKW
HLQH %DUPKHU]LJH 6FKZHVWHU KHUEHLJHVFKDIIW ZHUGHQ PVVH (V
ZXUGHQDFK6FKZHVWHU/HDQGUDJHVFKLFNWXQGVLHNDP(VZDUNHLQH
6SXU YRQ hEHUUDVFKXQJ XQG 6FKUHFNHQ LQ LKUHP *HVLFKW DOV VLH
HLQWUDW 6LH OHJWH DXFK GLHVPDO VWLOO LKU /HGHUWlVFKFKHQ LKUH +DXEH
XQG LKUHQ 8PKDQJ EHLVHLWH XQG JLQJ PLW VDQIWHQ XQG IUHXQGOLFKHQ
%HZHJXQJHQDQLKUH$UEHLW
'HUNOHLQH-RKDQQVD‰6WXQGHIU6WXQGHDXIVHLQHP3XIIVDKDOOHV
DQ XQG KRUFKWH DXI GLH JXUJHOQGHQ /DXWH (U KlWWH VLFK HLJHQWOLFK
]XP 3ULYDWXQWHUULFKW LP 5HFKQHQ EHJHEHQ PVVHQ DEHU HU EHJULII
GD‰ GLHV (UHLJQLVVH ZDUHQ YRU GHQHQ GLH .DPPJDUQU|FNH
YHUVWXPPHQ PX‰WHQ $XFK VHLQHU 6FKXODXIJDEHQ JHGDFKWH HU QXU
NXU]PLW6SRWW«0DQFKPDOZHQQ)UDX3HUPDQHGHU]XLKPWUDWXQG
LKQ DQ VLFK SUH‰WH YHUJR‰ HU 7UlQHQ DEHU PHLVWHQV EOLQ]HOWH HU
WURFNHQHQ $XJHV PLW HLQHP DEJHVWR‰HQHQ XQG JUEOHULVFKHQ
*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN GDUHLQ XQUHJHOPl‰LJ XQG YRUVLFKWLJ DWPHQG DOV
HUZDUWH HU GHQ 'XIW GHQ IUHPGHQ XQG GRFK VR VHOWVDP YHUWUDXWHQ
'XIW«
*HJHQ YLHU 8KU ID‰WH )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU HLQHQ (QWVFKOX‰ 6LH
YHUDQOD‰WH GHQ 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV LKU LQV 1HEHQ]LPPHU ]X IROJHQ
YHUVFKUlQNWH GLH $UPH XQG OHJWH GHQ .RSI ]XUFN ZREHL VLH
WURW]GHP YHUVXFKWH GDV .LQQ DXI GLH %UXVW ]X GUFNHQ ª+HUU
'RNWRU©VDJWHVLHªHLQHVVWHKWLQ,KUHU0DFKWXQGGDUXPELWWHLFK
6LH6FKHQNHQ6LHPLUUHLQHQ:HLQHLQWXQ6LHHV,FKELQHLQHYRP
/HEHQJHVWlKOWH)UDX«,FKKDEH JHOHUQWGLH:DKUKHLW ]X HUWUDJHQ
JODXEHQ 6LH PLU« :LUG PHLQ %UXGHU PRUJHQ DP /HEHQ VHLQ"
5HGHQ6LHRIIHQ©
8QG'RNWRU/DQJKDOVZDQGWHVHLQHVFK|QHQ$XJHQDEEHVDKVHLQH
)LQJHUQlJHOXQGVSUDFKYRQPHQVFKOLFKHU2KQPDFKWVRZLHYRQGHU
8QP|JOLFKNHLWGLH)UDJH]XHQWVFKHLGHQRE)UDX3HUPDQHGHUV+HUU
%UXGHU GLH 1DFKW EHUOHEHQ ZHUGH RGHU LQ GHU QlFKVWHQ 0LQXWH
DEEHUXIHQZHUGHQZUGH«ª'DQQZHL‰LFK ZDVLFK ]X WXQ KDEH©
VDJWHVLHJLQJKLQDXVXQGVFKLFNWH]X3DVWRU3ULQJVKHLP


,QKDOEHP2UQDWRKQH+DOVNUDXVHDEHULQODQJHP7DODUHUVFKLHQ
HUVWUHLIWH6FKZHVWHU/HDQGUDPLWHLQHPNDOWHQ%OLFNXQGOLH‰VLFK
DP %HWWH DXI GHQ 6WXKO QLHGHU GHQ PDQ LKP ]XVFKRE (U EDW GHQ
.UDQNHQLKQ]XHUNHQQHQXQGLKPHLQZHQLJ*HK|U]XVFKHQNHQGD
GLHVHU9HUVXFKDEHUIUXFKWORVEOLHEVRZDQGWHHUVLFKGLUHNWDQ*RWW
UHGHWH LKQ LQ VWLOLVLHUWHP )UlQNLVFK DQ XQG VSUDFK ]X LKP PLW
PRGXOLHUHQGHU 6WLPPH LQ EDOG GXQNOHQ EDOG MlK DN]HQWXLHUWHQ
/DXWHQLQGHVILQVWHUHU)DQDWLVPXVXQGPLOGH9HUNOlUXQJDXIVHLQHP
*HVLFKWH ZHFKVHOWHQ« :lKUHQG HU GDV U DXI HLQH HLJHQDUWLJ IHWWH
XQGJHZDQGWH$UWDP*DXPHQUROOWHJHZDQQGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQGLH
GHXWOLFKH9RUVWHOOXQJGD‰HUVRHEHQ.DIIHHXQG%XWWHUVHPPHOQ]X
VLFKJHQRPPHQKDEHQPVVH
(U VDJWH GD‰ HU XQG GLH KLHU $QZHVHQGHQ QLFKW PHKU XP GDV
/HEHQ GLHVHV /LHEHQ XQG7HXUHQ ElWHQ GHQQ VLH VlKHQ GD‰ HV GHV
+HUUQKHLOLJHU:LOOHVHLLKQ]XVLFK]XQHKPHQ1XUXPGLH*QDGH
HLQHU VDQIWHQ (UO|VXQJ IOHKWHQ VLH QRFK« 8QG GDQQ VSUDFK HU PLW
ZLUNVDPHU3RLQWLHUXQJQRFK ]ZHLLQ VROFKHQ )lOOHQ EOLFKH *HEHWH
XQG HUKRE VLFK (U GUFNWH *HUGD %XGGHQEURRNV XQG )UDX
3HUPDQHGHUV +DQG QDKP GHQ .RSI GHV NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ ]ZLVFKHQ
EHLGH+lQGHXQGEOLFNWHLKPHLQH0LQXWHODQJ]LWWHUQGYRU:HKPXW
XQG ,QQLJNHLW DXI GLH JHVHQNWHQ :LPSHUQ JU‰WH )UlXOHLQ
-XQJPDQQ VWUHLIWH 6FKZHVWHU /HDQGUD QRFKPDOV PLW HLQHP NDOWHQ
%OLFNXQGKLHOWVHLQHQ$EJDQJ
$OV 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV ]XUFNNHKUWH GHU HLQ ZHQLJ QDFK +DXVH
JHJDQJHQ ZDU IDQG HU DOOHV EHLP DOWHQ (U QDKP QXU HLQH NXU]H
5FNVSUDFKH PLW GHU 3IOHJHULQ XQG HPSIDKO VLFK ZLHGHU $XFK
'RNWRU *UDERZ VSUDFK QRFK HLQPDO YRU VDK PLW PLOGHP *HVLFKW
QDFK GHP 5HFKWHQ XQG JLQJ 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN IXKU IRUW
JHEURFKHQHQ $XJHV GLH /LSSHQ ]X EHZHJHQ XQG JXUJHOQGH /DXWH
DXV]XVWR‰HQ 'LH 'lPPHUXQJ ILHO HLQ 'UDX‰HQ JDE HV HLQ ZHQLJ
ZLQWHUOLFKHV $EHQGURW XQG HV EHVFKLHQ GXUFKV )HQVWHU VDQIW GLH
EHVXGHOWHQ .OHLGXQJVVWFNH GLH LUJHQGZR EHU HLQHP 6WXKOH
KLQJHQ
8P IQI 8KU OLH‰ )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU VLFK ]X HLQHU
8QEHGDFKWVDPNHLWKLQUHL‰HQ,KUHU6FKZlJHULQJHJHQEHUDP%HWWH
VLW]HQG EHJDQQ VLH SO|W]OLFK XQWHU $QZHQGXQJ LKUHU
.HKONRSIVWLPPHVHKUODXWPLWJHIDOWHWHQ+lQGHQHLQHQ *HVDQJ ]X


VSUHFKHQ« ª0DFK (QG¶ R +HUU© VDJWH VLH XQG DOOHV K|UWH LKU
UHJXQJVORV ]X ± ªPDFK (QGH PLW DOOHU VHLQHU 1RW VWlUN VHLQH )X‰¶
XQG +lQGH XQG OD‰ ELV LQ GHQ 7RG«© $EHU VLH EHWHWH VR VHKU DXV
+HU]HQVJUXQGGD‰VLHVLFKLPPHUQXUPLWGHP:RUWHEHVFKlIWLJWH
ZHOFKHVVLHJHUDGHDXVVSUDFKXQGQLFKWHUZRJGD‰VLHGLH6WURSKH
JDU QLFKW ]X (QGH ZLVVH XQG QDFK GHP GULWWHQ 9HUVH MlPPHUOLFK
VWHFNHQEOHLEHQ PVVH 'DV WDW VLH EUDFK PLW HUKREHQHU 6WLPPH DE
XQG HUVHW]WH GHQ 6FKOX‰ GXUFK GLH HUK|KWH :UGH LKUHU +DOWXQJ
-HGHUPDQQ LP =LPPHU ZDUWHWH XQG ]RJ VLFK ]XVDPPHQ YRU
*HQLHUWKHLW'HUNOHLQH-RKDQQUlXVSHUWHVLFKVRVFKZHUGD‰HVZLH
bFK]HQNODQJ8QGGDQQZDULQGHU6WLOOHQLFKWVDOVGDVDJRQLHUHQGH
*XUJHOQ7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNV]XYHUQHKPHQ
(V ZDU HLQH (UO|VXQJ DOV GDV )ROJPlGFKHQ PHOGHWH QHEHQDQ VHL
HWZDV (VVHQ DXIJHWUDJHQ $OV PDQ DEHU LQ *HUGD¶V 6FKODI]LPPHU
DQILQJHLQZHQLJ6XSSH]XJHQLH‰HQHUVFKLHQ6FKZHVWHU/HDQGUDLQ
GHU7UXQGZLQNWHIUHXQGOLFK
'HU 6HQDWRU VWDUE (U VFKOXFK]WH ]ZHL RGHU GUHLPDO OHLVH
YHUVWXPPWH XQG K|UWH DXI GLH /LSSHQ ]X EHZHJHQ 'DV ZDU GLH
JDQ]H 9HUlQGHUXQJ GLH PLW LKP YRU VLFK JLQJ VHLQH $XJHQ ZDUHQ
VFKRQYRUKHUWRWJHZHVHQ
'RNWRU/DQJKDOVGHUZHQLJH0LQXWHQVSlWHU]XU6WHOOHZDUVHW]WH
VHLQ VFKZDU]HV +|UURKU DXI GLH %UXVW GHU /HLFKH KRUFKWH OlQJHUH
=HLWXQGVSUDFKQDFKJHZLVVHQKDIWHU3UIXQJª-DHVLVW]X(QGH©
8QGPLWGHP5LQJILQJHULKUHU EODVVHQ VDQIWPWLJHQ +DQGVFKOR‰
6FKZHVWHU/HDQGUDEHKXWVDPGHP7RWHQGLH$XJHQOLGHU
'D ZDUI VLFK )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU DQ GHP %HWW LQ GLH .QLH GUFNWH
GDV*HVLFKWLQGLH6WHSSGHFNHXQGZHLQWHODXWJDEVLFKUFNKDOWORV
XQG RKQH LUJHQG HWZDV LQ VLFK ]X GlPSIHQ XQG ]X XQWHUGUFNHQ
HLQHP GLHVHU HUIULVFKHQGHQ *HIKOVDXVEUFKH KLQ GLH LKUHU
JOFNOLFKHQ 1DWXU ]X *HERWH VWDQGHQ« 0LW JlQ]OLFK QDVVHP
*HVLFKW DEHU JHVWlUNW HUOHLFKWHUW XQG YROONRPPHQ LP VHHOLVFKHQ
*OHLFKJHZLFKW HUKRE VLH VLFK XQG ZDU VRIRUW LPVWDQGH GHU
7RGHVDQ]HLJHQ ]X JHGHQNHQ GLH XQYHU]JOLFK XQG LQ K|FKVWHU (LOH
KHUJHVWHOOW ZHUGHQ PX‰WHQ  HLQ XQJHKHXUHU 3RVWHQ YRUQHKP
JHGUXFNWHU7RGHVDQ]HLJHQ«


&KULVWLDQEHWUDWGLH%LOGIOlFKH(VYHUKLHOWVLFKVRPLWLKPGD‰HU
GLH 1DFKULFKW YRQ GHP 6WXU] GHV 6HQDWRUV LP .OXE HUKDOWHQ KDWWH
XQG DXFK VRJOHLFK DXIJHEURFKHQ ZDU $XV )XUFKW MHGRFK YRU
LUJHQGHLQHP JUl‰OLFKHQ $QEOLFN KDWWH HU HLQHQ ZHLWHQ 6SD]LHUJDQJ
YRUV 7RU XQWHUQRPPHQ VR GD‰ QLHPDQG LKQ KDWWH ILQGHQ N|QQHQ
1XQVWHOOWHHUVLFKGHQQRFKHLQXQGHUIXKUVFKRQDXIGHU'LHOHGD‰
VHLQ%UXGHUYHUVFKLHGHQVHLª,VWGRFKZRKOQLFKWP|JOLFK©VDJWHHU
XQGJLQJODKPHQGXQGPLWZDQGHUQGHQ$XJHQGLH7UHSSHQKLQDXI
'DQQ VWDQG HU ]ZLVFKHQ 6FKZHVWHU XQG 6FKZlJHULQ DP
6WHUEHEHWWH (U VWDQG GRUW PLW VHLQHP NDKOHQ 6FKlGHO VHLQHQ
HLQJHIDOOHQHQ :DQJHQ VHLQHP KlQJHQGHQ 6FKQXUUEDUW XQG VHLQHU
XQJHKHXUHQJHK|FNHUWHQ1DVH DXI NUXPPHQ XQG PDJHUHQ %HLQHQ
HLQZHQLJJHNQLFNWHLQZHQLJIUDJH]HLFKHQDUWLJXQGVHLQHNOHLQHQ
WLHIOLHJHQGHQ $XJHQ EOLFNWHQ LQ GHV %UXGHUV *HVLFKW GDV VR
VFKZHLJVDP NDOW DEOHKQHQG XQG HLQZDQGIUHL VR VHKU MHGHP
PHQVFKOLFKHQ8UWHLOXQ]XJlQJOLFKHUVFKLHQ«7KRPDV¶0XQGZLQNHO
ZDUHQPLWEHLQDKHYHUlFKWOLFKHP$XVGUXFNQDFKXQWHQJH]RJHQ(U
GHP &KULVWLDQ YRUJHZRUIHQ KDWWH GD‰ HU EHL VHLQHP 7RGH QLFKW
ZHLQHQZHUGHHUZDUVHLQHUVHLWVWRWHUZDURKQHHLQ:RUW]XVDJHQ
JDQ]HLQIDFKJHVWRUEHQKDWWHVLFKYRUQHKPXQGLQWDNWLQV6FKZHLJHQ
]XUFNJH]RJHQXQGEHUOLH‰GHQlQGHUQPLWOHLGORVGHU%HVFKlPXQJ
ZLH VR RIW LP /HEHQ +DWWH HU QXQ JXW RGHU VFKQ|GH JHKDQGHOW
LQGHP HU GHQ /HLGHQ &KULVWLDQV VHLQHU ª4XDO© GHP QLFNHQGHQ
0DQQH GHU 6SLULWXVIODVFKH GHP RIIHQHQ )HQVWHU VWHWV QXU NDOWH
9HUDFKWXQJ HQWJHJHQJHVHW]W KDWWH" 'LHVH )UDJH ILHO GDKLQ VLH ZDU
VLQQORVJHZRUGHQGDGHU7RGLQHLJHQVLQQLJHUXQGXQEHUHFKHQEDUHU
3DUWHLOLFKNHLW LKQ LKQ DXVJH]HLFKQHW XQG JHUHFKWIHUWLJW LKQ
DQJHQRPPHQ XQG DXIJHQRPPHQ LKQ HKUZUGLJ JHPDFKW XQG LKP
EHIHKOVKDEHULVFK GDV DOOJHPHLQH VFKHXH ,QWHUHVVH YHUVFKDIIW KDWWH
ZlKUHQGHU&KULVWLDQYHUVFKPlKWHXQGQXUIRUWIDKUHQZUGHLKQPLW
IQI]LJ 0lW]FKHQ XQG 6FKLNDQHQ ]X KlQVHOQ YRU GHQHQ QLHPDQG
5HVSHNWKDWWH1LHKDWWH7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNVHLQHP%UXGHUPHKU
LPSRQLHUWDOV]XGLHVHU6WXQGH'HU(UIROJLVWDXVVFKODJJHEHQG'HU
DQGHUHQ$FKWXQJYRUXQVHUHQ/HLGHQYHUVFKDIIWXQVQXUGHU7RGXQG
DXFK GLH NOlJOLFKVWHQ /HLGHQ ZHUGHQ HKUZUGLJ GXUFK LKQ 'X KDVW
UHFKW EHNRPPHQ LFK EHXJH PLFK GDFKWH &KULVWLDQ XQG PLW HLQHU
UDVFKHQ XQEHKROIHQHQ %HZHJXQJ OLH‰ HU VLFK DXI GLH .QLH QLHGHU


XQG N‰WH GLH NDOWH +DQG DXI GHU 6WHSSGHFNH 'DQQ WUDW HU ]XUFN
XQGEHJDQQPLWVFKZHLIHQGHQ$XJHQLP=LPPHUXPKHU]XJHKHQ
$QGHUH%HVXFKHUGLHDOWHQ.U|JHUVGLH'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNDXV
GHU%UHLWHQ6WUD‰HGHUDOWH+HUU0DUFXVVWHOOWHQVLFKHLQ$XFKGLH
DUPH.ORWKLOGHNDPVWDQGPDJHUXQGDVFKJUDXDP%HWWHXQGIDOWHWH
DSDWKLVFKHQ $QJHVLFKWV LKUH PLW =ZLUQKDQGVFKXKHQ EHNOHLGHWHQ
+lQGH ª,KU P‰W QLFKW JODXEHQ 7RQ\ XQG *HUGD© VDJWH VLH
XQHQGOLFK JHGHKQW XQG NODJHQG ªGD‰ LFK NDOWHQ +HU]HQV ELQ ZHLO
LFK QLFKW ZHLQH ,FK KDEH NHLQH 7UlQHQ PHKU«© 8QG MHGHUPDQQ
JODXEWHLKUGDVDXIV:RUWVRKRIIQXQJVORVYHUVWDXEWXQGDXVJHG|UUW
ZLHVLHGDVWDQG«
6FKOLH‰OLFKUlXPWHQDOOH GDV )HOG YRU HLQHU )UDXHQVSHUVRQHLQHP
XQV\PSDWKLVFKHQDOWHQ*HVFK|SIPLWNDXHQGHP]DKQORVHP0XQGH
GLH DQJHNRPPHQ ZDU XP ]XVDPPHQ PLW 6FKZHVWHU /HDQGUD GLH
/HLFKH]XZDVFKHQXQGXP]XNOHLGHQ
=XYRUJHUFNWHU$EHQGVWXQGHQRFKVD‰HQLP:RKQ]LPPHU*HUGD
%XGGHQEURRN )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU &KULVWLDQ XQG GHU NOHLQH -RKDQQ
XQWHUGHUJUR‰HQ*DVODPSHXPGHQUXQGHQ0LWWHOWLVFKXQGDUEHLWHWHQ
HPVLJ (V JDOW GLH /LVWH GHUMHQLJHQ /HXWH ]XVDPPHQ]XVWHOOHQ GLH
7RGHVDQ]HLJHQ EHNRPPHQ PX‰WHQ XQG GLH $GUHVVHQ DXI GLH
%ULHIXPVFKOlJH ]X VFKUHLEHQ $OOH )HGHUQ NQLUVFKWHQ 'DQQ XQG
ZDQQKDWWHMHPDQGHLQHQ(LQIDOOXQGVHW]WHHLQHQQHXHQ1DPHQDXI
GLH/LVWH«$XFK+DQQRPX‰WHKHOIHQGHQQHUVFKULHEUHLQOLFKXQG
GLH=HLWGUlQJWH
(V ZDU VWLOO LP +DXVH XQGDXI GHU 6WUD‰H 6HOWHQ ZXUGHQ 6FKULWWH
ODXW XQG YHUKDOOWHQ 'LH *DVODPSH SXIIWH OHLVH HLQ 1DPH ZDUG
JHPXUPHOWGDV3DSLHUNQLVWHUWH=XZHLOHQEOLFNWHQDOOHHLQDQGHUDQ
XQGHULQQHUWHQVLFKGHVVHQZDVJHVFKHKHQZDU
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU NULW]HOWH LQ K|FKVWHU *HVFKlIWLJNHLW $EHU ZLH
DXVJHUHFKQHWLQMHGHUIQIWHQ0LQXWHOHJWHVLHGLH)HGHUIRUWHUKRE
GLH]XVDPPHQJHOHJWHQ+lQGHELV]XU+|KHGHV0XQGHVXQGEUDFKLQ
.ODJHUXIH DXV ª,FK IDVVH HV QLFKW© ULHI VLH XQG GHXWHWH GDPLW DQ
GD‰ VLH DOOPlKOLFK ]X IDVVHQ EHJLQQH ZDV HLJHQWOLFK YRU VLFK
JHJDQJHQ ZDU ª$EHU HV LVW MD QXQ DOOHV DXV© ULHI VLH JDQ]
XQHUZDUWHW LQ KHOOHU 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ XQG VFKODQJ ODXW ZHLQHQG GLH


$UPH XP GHQ +DOV LKUHU 6FKZlJHULQ ZRUDXI VLH JHVWlUNW LKUH
7lWLJNHLWZLHGHUDXIQDKP
0LW &KULVWLDQ VWDQG HV lKQOLFK ZLH PLW GHU DUPHQ .ORWKLOGH (U
KDWWHQRFKQLFKWHLQH7UlQHYHUJRVVHQXQGVFKlPWH VLFKGHVVHQ HLQ
ZHQLJ'DV*HIKOGHU%ODPLHUWKHLWEHUZRJLQLKPMHJOLFKHDQGHUH
(PSILQGXQJ $XFK KDWWH GLH EHVWlQGLJH %HVFKlIWLJXQJ PLW GHQ
HLJHQHQ =XVWlQGHQ XQG 6RQGHUEDUNHLWHQ LKQ DEJHQXW]W XQG VWXPSI
JHPDFKW +LH XQG GD ULFKWHWH HU VLFK DXI VWULFK PLW GHU +DQG EHU
VHLQH NDKOH 6WLUQ XQG VDJWH PLW JHSUH‰WHU 6WLPPH ª-D HV LVW
IXUFKWEDU WUDXULJ© (U VDJWH GLHV ]X VLFK VHOEVW KLHOW HV VLFK
JHZDOWVDP YRU XQG Q|WLJWH VHLQH $XJHQ HLQ ZHQLJ IHXFKW ]X
ZHUGHQ«
3O|W]OLFK JHVFKDK HWZDV ZDV DOOH YHUVW|UWH 'HU NOHLQH -RKDQQ
JHULHW LQV /DFKHQ (U ZDU EHLP 6FKUHLEHQ DXI HLQHQ 1DPHQ
JHVWR‰HQ LUJHQGHLQHQ NXULRVHQ .ODQJ GHP HU QLFKW ZLGHUVWHKHQ
NRQQWH (U ZLHGHUKROWH LKQ VFKQRE GXUFK GLH 1DVH EHXJWH VLFK
YRUQEHU ]LWWHUWH VFKOXFK]WH XQG NRQQWH QLFKW DQ VLFK KDOWHQ
$QIDQJV NRQQWH PDQ JODXEHQ GD‰ HU ZHLQH DEHU HV ZDU QLFKW DQ
GHP 'LH (UZDFKVHQHQ VDKHQ LKQ XQJOlXELJ XQG IDVVXQJVORV DQ
'DQQVFKLFNWHVHLQH0XWWHULKQVFKODIHQ«

1HXQWHV.DSLWHO

$Q HLQHP =DKQH« 6HQDWRU %XGGHQEURRN ZDU DQ HLQHP =DKQH


JHVWRUEHQKLH‰HVLQGHU6WDGW$EHU]XP'RQQHUZHWWHUGDUDQVWDUE
PDQGRFKQLFKW(UKDWWH6FKPHU]HQJHKDEW+HUU%UHFKWKDWWHLKP
GLH.URQHDEJHEURFKHQXQGGDUDXIKLQZDUHUDXIGHU6WUD‰HHLQIDFK
XPJHIDOOHQ:DUGHUJOHLFKHQHUK|UW"«
$EHU GDV ZDU QXQ JOHLFK HV ZDU VHLQH $QJHOHJHQKHLW :DV PDQ
]XQlFKVW LQ GHU 6DFKH ]X WXQ KDWWH ZDU GLHV GD‰ PDQ .UlQ]H
VFKLFNWHJUR‰H.UlQ]HWHXUH.UlQ]H.UlQ]HPLWGHQHQPDQ(KUH
HLQOHJHQNRQQWHGLHLQGHQ=HLWXQJVDUWLNHOQHUZlKQWZHUGHQZUGHQ
XQG GHQHQ PDQ DQVDK GD‰ VLH YRQ OR\DOHQ XQG ]DKOXQJVIlKLJHQ
/HXWHQNDPHQ6LHZXUGHQJHVFKLFNWVLHVWU|PWHQYRQDOOHQ6HLWHQ


KHUEHL YRQ GHQ .|USHUVFKDIWHQ VRZRKO ZLH YRQ GHQ )DPLOLHQ XQG
3ULYDWSHUVRQHQ .UlQ]H DXV /RUEHHU DXV VWDUNULHFKHQGHQ %OXPHQ
DXV6LOEHUPLWVFKZDU]HQ6FKOHLIHQ XQG VROFKHQ LQGHQ )DUEHQ GHU
6WDGWPLWVFKZDU]JHGUXFNWHQ:LGPXQJHQXQGVROFKHQLQJROGHQHQ
%XFKVWDEHQ8QG3DOPHQZHGHOXQJHKHXUH3DOPHQZHGHO«
$OOH %OXPHQKDQGOXQJHQ PDFKWHQ *HVFKlIWH JUR‰HQ 6WLOHV QLFKW
]XP ZHQLJVWHQ GLHMHQLJH YRQ ,ZHUVHQ JHJHQEHU GHP
%XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ +DXVH )UDX ,ZHUVHQ VFKHOOWH PHKUPDOV GHV
7DJHV DP :LQGIDQJ XQG EUDFKWH $UUDQJHPHQWV LQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQ
*HVWDOWHQYRQ6HQDWRU6RXQGVRYRQ.RQVXO6RXQGVRYRQGHUXQG
GHU %HDPWHQVFKDIW« (LQPDO IUDJWH VLH RE VLH QLFKW YLHOOHLFKW HLQ
ZHQLJKLQDXIGUIHXQGGHQ6HQDWRUVHKHQ"-DGDVGUIHVLHZXUGH
LKU JHDQWZRUWHW XQG VLH IROJWH GHP )UlXOHLQ -XQJPDQQ EHU GLH
+DXSWWUHSSH LQGHP VLH VWXPPH %OLFNH LQ GDV JOlQ]HQGH
7UHSSHQKDXVKLQDXIJOHLWHQOLH‰
6LH JLQJ VFKZHU GHQQ VLH ZDU JXWHU +RIIQXQJ ZLH JHZ|KQOLFK
,KUH (UVFKHLQXQJ LP DOOJHPHLQHQ ZDU PLW GHQ -DKUHQ HLQ EL‰FKHQ
JHPHLQ JHZRUGHQ DEHU GLH VFKPDOJHVFKQLWWHQHQ VFKZDU]HQ $XJHQ
VRZLHGLHPDODLLVFKHQ:DQJHQNQRFKHQZDUHQUHL]YROOXQGPDQVDK
ZRKOGD‰VLHHLQVWPDOVDX‰HURUGHQWOLFKKEVFKJHZHVHQVHLQPX‰WH
 6LH ZXUGH LQ GHQ 6DORQ HLQJHODVVHQ GHQQ GRUW ODJ 7KRPDV
%XGGHQEURRNDXIJHEDKUW
(U ODJ LQPLWWHQ GHV ZHLWHQ XQG OLFKWHQ *HPDFKHV GHVVHQ 0|EHO
IRUWJHVFKDIIW ZDUHQ LQ GHQ ZHL‰VHLGHQHQ 3ROVWHUQ GHV 6DUJHV LQ
ZHL‰H 6HLGH JHNOHLGHW XQG PLW ZHL‰HU 6HLGH EHGHFNW LQ HLQHP
VWUHQJHQ XQG EHWlXEHQGHQ 'XIWJHPLVFK YRQ 7XEHURVHQ 9HLOFKHQ
XQG KXQGHUW DQGHUHQ *HZlFKVHQ =X VHLQHQ +lXSWHQ LQ HLQHP
+DOENUHLVHYRQVLOEHUQHQ$UPOHXFKWHUQDXIXPIORUWHQ3RVWDPHQWHQ
VWDQG 7KRUZDOGVHQV 6HJQHQGHU &KULVWXV 'LH %OXPHQJHELQGH GLH
.UlQ]H .|UEH XQG 6WUlX‰H VWDQGHQ XQG ODJHQ DQ GHQ :lQGHQ
HQWODQJ DXI GHP )X‰ERGHQ XQG DXI GHU 6WHSSGHFNH 3DOPHQZHGHO
OHKQWHQDQGHU%DKUHXQGQHLJWHQVLFKEHUGHV7RWHQ)‰H±6HLQ
*HVLFKW ZDU VWHOOHQZHLVH ]HUVFKXQGHQ XQG EHVRQGHUV GLH 1DVH
]HLJWH 4XHWVFKXQJHQ $EHU VHLQ +DXSWKDDU ZDU ZLH LP /HEHQ
IULVLHUW XQG GHU 6FKQXUUEDUW YRQ GHP DOWHQ +HUUQ :HQ]HO QRFK
HLQPDO PLW GHU %UHQQVFKHUH DXVJH]RJHQ EHUUDJWH ODQJ XQG VWDUU
VHLQHZHL‰HQ:DQJHQ6HLQ.RSIZDUHLQZHQLJ]XU6HLWHJHZDQGW


XQG ]ZLVFKHQ VHLQHQ ]XVDPPHQJHOHJWHQ +lQGHQ VWDN HLQ
(OIHQEHLQNUHX]
)UDX,ZHUVHQEOLHEEHLQDKHDQGHU7UVWHKHQXQGEOLFNWHYRQGRUW
DXVEOLQ]HOQG]XU%DKUHKLQEHU HUVWDOV )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU JDQ] LQ
6FKZDU] JHKOOW XQG YHUVFKQXSIW YRP :HLQHQ YRP :RKQ]LPPHU
DXV ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ 3RUWLHUHQ HUVFKLHQ XQG VLH PLW VDQIWHQ :RUWHQ
]XP1lKHUWUHWHQHLQOXGZDJWHVLHVLFKHLQ6WFNFKHQZHLWHUDXIGHU
SDUNHWWLHUWHQ )X‰ERGHQIOlFKH YRUZlUWV 6LH VWDQG GLH +lQGH DXI
LKUHP KHUYRUWUHWHQGHQ /HLEH JHIDOWHW XQG EOLFNWH PLW LKUHQ
VFKPDOHQVFKZDU]HQ$XJHQDXIGLH3IODQ]HQGLH$UPOHXFKWHUGLH
6FKOHLIHQ DOO GLH ZHL‰H 6HLGH XQG LQ 7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRNV
$QJHVLFKW (V ZlUH VFKZHU JHZHVHQ GHQ $XVGUXFN LKUHU EOHLFKHQ
XQG YHUZLVFKWHQ :|FKQHULQQHQ]JH EHL 1DPHQ ]X QHQQHQ
6FKOLH‰OLFKVDJWHVLHª-D«©VFKOXFK]WHHLQPDO±HLQHLQ]LJHV0DO±
JDQ]NXU]XQGXQGHXWOLFKDXIXQGZDQGWHVLFK]XP*HKHQ
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU OLHEWH VROFKH %HVXFKH 6LH ZLFK QLFKW DXV GHP
+DXVH XQG EHUZDFKWH PLW XQHUPGOLFKHP (LIHU GLH +XOGLJXQJHQ
GLH PDQ GHU VWHUEOLFKHQ +OOH LKUHV %UXGHUV GDU]XEULQJHQ VLFK
GUlQJWH 8QWHU $QZHQGXQJ LKUHU .HKONRSIVWLPPH YHUODV VLH YLHOH
0DOH GLH =HLWXQJVDUWLNHO LQ GHQHQ ZLH ]XU =HLW GHV
*HVFKlIWVMXELOlXPV VHLQH 9HUGLHQVWH JHIHLHUW GHU XQHUVHW]OLFKH
9HUOXVW VHLQHU 3HUV|QOLFKNHLW EHNODJW ZXUGH 6LH ZDU LP
:RKQ]LPPHU ]XJHJHQ EHL DOOHQ .RQGROHQ]YLVLWHQ GLH *HUGD LP
6DORQ HQWJHJHQQDKP XQG GLH IDQGHQ NHLQ (QGH LKUH =DKO ZDU
/HJLRQ 6LH KLHOW PLW YHUVFKLHGHQHQ 3HUVRQHQ .RQIHUHQ]HQ DE LQ
EHWUHII GHV %HJUlEQLVVHV GDV VLFK XQVlJOLFK YRUQHKP JHVWDOWHQ
PX‰WH6LHDUUDQJLHUWH$EVFKLHGVV]HQHQ6LHOLH‰GDV.RQWRUSHUVRQDO
KHUDXINRPPHQ GDPLW HV VHLQHP &KHI HLQ OHW]WHV /HEHZRKO VDJH
8QG GDQQ PX‰WHQ GLH 6SHLFKHUDUEHLWHU NRPPHQ 6LH VFKREHQ VLFK
DXILKUHQNRORVVDOHQ )‰HQ EHU GDV 3DUNHWW ]RJHQ PLW XQJHKHXUHU
%LHGHUNHLWLKUH0XQGZLQNHODEZlUWVXQGYHUEUHLWHWHQHLQHQ*HUXFK
YRQ %UDQQWZHLQ .DXWDEDN XQG N|USHUOLFKHU $UEHLW 6LH VDKHQ VLFK
GLH SUXQNKDIWH $XIEDKUXQJ DQ LQGHP VLH LKUH 0W]HQ GUHKWHQ
ZXQGHUWHQVLFK]XHUVWXQGODQJZHLOWHQVLFKGDQQELVHLQHUGHQ0XW
KDWWHZLHGHUDXI]XEUHFKHQZRUDXILKPVFKOUIHQGGLHJDQ]H6FKDU
DXI GHQ )HUVHQ IROJWH« )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ZDU HQW]FNW 6LH
EHKDXSWHWHPHKUHUHQVHLHQGLH7UlQHQLQGLHKDUWHQ%DUWHJHURQQHQ


'DV ZDU HLQIDFK QLFKW ZDKU 'HUJOHLFKHQ ZDU QLFKW YRUJHNRPPHQ
$EHUZHQQVLHHVGRFKVRJHVHKHQKDWWH XQG ZHQQ HVVLH JOFNOLFK
PDFKWH"
8QG GHU 7DJ GHU %HLVHW]XQJ NDP KHUDQ 'HU 0HWDOOVDUJ ZDU
OXIWGLFKWYHUVFKORVVHQXQGPLW%OXPHQEHGHFNWGLH.HU]HQDXIGHQ
$UPOHXFKWHUQ EUDQQWHQ GDV +DXV IOOWH VLFK PLW 0HQVFKHQ XQG
XPJHEHQ YRQ GHQ /HLGWUDJHQGHQ GHQ HLQKHLPLVFKHQ XQG
DXVZlUWLJHQ VWDQG LQ DXIUHFKWHU 0DMHVWlW 3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLP ]X
+DXSWHQGHV6DUJHVLQGHPHUVHLQHQDXVGUXFNVYROOHQ.RSIDXIGHU
EUHLWHQ+DOVNUDXVHUXKHQOLH‰ZLHDXIHLQHP7HOOHU
(LQKRFKJHVFKXOWHU/RKQGLHQHUHLQEHKHQGHV0LWWHOGLQJ]ZLVFKHQ
$XIZlUWHUXQG)HVWRUGQHUKDWWHGLHlX‰HUH/HLWXQJGHU)HLHUOLFKNHLW
EHUQRPPHQ (U OLHI GHQ =\OLQGHU LQ GHU +DQG DXI OHLVHQ 6RKOHQ
GLH +DXSWWUHSSH KLQXQWHU XQG ULHI PLW GXUFKGULQJHQGHU
)OVWHUVWLPPHEHUGLH'LHOHKLQGLHVRHEHQYRQ6WHXHUEHDPWHQLQ
8QLIRUP XQG .RUQWUlJHUQ LQ %OXVHQ .QLHKRVHQ XQG =\OLQGHUQ
EHUIOXWHWZXUGHª'LH=LPPHUVLQGYROODEHUDXIGHP.RUULGRULVW
QRFKHLQZHQLJ3ODW]«©
'DQQ YHUVWXPPWH DOOHV 3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLP EHJDQQ ]X UHGHQ XQG
VHLQ NXQVWYROOHV 2UJDQ HUIOOWH W|QHQG XQG PRGXOLHUHQG GDV JDQ]H
+DXV:lKUHQGHUDEHUGRUWREHQQHEHQGHU&KULVWXVILJXUGLH+lQGH
YRUP *HVLFKW UDQJ XQG VLH VHJQHQG VSUHL]WH KLHOW GUXQWHQ YRUP
+DXVH XQWHU GHP ZHL‰HQ :LQWHUKLPPHO GLH YLHUVSlQQLJH
/HLFKHQNXWVFKHDQGLHVLFKGLHEULJHQ:DJHQLQODQJHU)ROJH GLH
6WUD‰H KLQDE ELV ]XP )OXVVH UHLKWHQ 'HU +DXVWU JHJHQEHU DEHU
VWDQG *HZHKU EHL )X‰ LQ ]ZHL 5HLKHQ DXIJHVWHOOW HLQH .RPSDQLH
6ROGDWHQ PLW /HXWQDQW YRQ 7KURWD DQ LKUHU )URQW ZHOFKHU GHQ
JH]RJHQHQ'HJHQLP$UPPLWVHLQHQJOKHQGHQ$XJHQ]XP(UNHU
KLQDXIEOLFNWH«9LHOH/HXWHUHFNWHQLQGHQ)HQVWHUQULQJVXPXQGDXI
GHP3IODVWHUGLH+lOVH
6FKOLH‰OLFK HQWVWDQG %HZHJXQJ LP 9HVWLEO GHV /HXWQDQWV OHLVH
KHUYRUJHVWR‰HQHV .RPPDQGRZRUW NODQJ DXI GLH 6ROGDWHQ
SUlVHQWLHUWHQ NODSSHQG +HUU YRQ 7KURWD VHQNWH VHLQHQ 'HJHQ GHU
6DUJ HUVFKLHQ 9RQ GHQ YLHU 0lQQHUQ LQ VFKZDU]HQ 0lQWHOQ XQG
'UHLVSLW]HQ JHWUDJHQ VFKZDQNWH HU EHKXWVDP ]XU +DXVWU KHUDXV
XQG GHU :LQG IKUWH GHQ %OXPHQGXIW EHU GLH .|SIH GHU
1HXJLHULJHQ KLQ LQGHV HU ]XJOHLFK GHQ VFKZDU]HQ )HGHUEXVFK DXI


GHP 'DFKH GHV /HLFKHQZDJHQV ]HU]DXVWH LQ GHQ 0lKQHQ DOOHU
3IHUGH VSLHOWH GLH ELV ]XP )OXVVH KLQXQWHU VWDQGHQ XQG DQ GHQ
VFKZDU]HQ +XWVFKOHLHUQ GHV 7UDXHUNXWVFKHUV XQG GHU 6WDOONQHFKWH
]HUUWH (LQ]HOQH JDQ] VHOWHQH 6FKQHHIORFNHQ NDPHQ LQ JUR‰HQ
ODQJVDPHQ%RJHQOLQLHQYRP+LPPHOKHUDE
'LH 3IHUGH GHV /HLFKHQZDJHQV JDQ] LQ 6FKZDU] JHKOOW GD‰ QXU
GLH XQUXKLJHQ $XJHQ VLFKWEDU ZDUHQ VHW]WHQ VLFK YRQ GHQ YLHU
VFKZDU]HQ .QHFKWHQ JHIKUW ODQJVDP LQ %HZHJXQJ GDV 0LOLWlU
VFKOR‰ VLFK DQ XQG HLQH QDFK GHU DQGHUHQ IXKUHQ GLH EULJHQ
.XWVFKHQ YRU &KULVWLDQ %XGGHQEURRN VWLHJ PLW GHP 3DVWRU LQ GLH
HUVWH 'HU NOHLQH -RKDQQ IROJWH ]XVDPPHQ PLW HLQHP ZRKOJHQlKUW
DXVVHKHQGHQ9HUZDQGWHQDXV+DPEXUJ8QGODQJVDPODQJVDPODQJ
DXVJHGHKQWEHWUEWXQGIHLHUOLFKZDQGVLFK7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRNV
/HLFKHQ]XJGDKLQZlKUHQGDQDOOHQ+lXVHUQGHU:LQGPLWGHQDXI
KDOEPDVWJH]RJHQHQ)DKQHQNODWVFKWH«'LH%HDPWHQVFKDIWXQGGLH
.RUQWUlJHUVFKULWWHQ]X)X‰
$OVGUDX‰HQEHUGLH:HJHGHV)ULHGKRIHVKLQGHU 6DUJ JHIROJW
YRQ GHU 6FKDU GHU /HLGWUDJHQGHQ YRUEHL DQ GHQ .UHX]HQ 6WDWXHQ
.DSHOOHQ XQG QDFNWHQ 7UDXHUZHLGHQ GHP %XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ
(UEEHJUlEQLV VLFK QlKHUWH VWDQG VFKRQ GLH (KUHQNRPSDQLH EHUHLW
XQG SUlVHQWLHUWH DXIV QHXH +LQWHU HLQHP *HEVFK HUNODQJ LQ
JHGlPSIWHQXQGVFKZHUHQ5K\WKPHQHLQ7UDXHUPDUVFK
8QG ZLHGHU ZDU GLH JUR‰H *UDEHVSODWWH PLW GHP SODVWLVFK
JHDUEHLWHWHQ)DPLOLHQZDSSHQEHLVHLWHJHVFKDIIWZRUGHQXQGZLHGHU
XPVWDQGHQDP6DXPHGHVNDKOHQ*HK|O]HVGLH+HUUHQGHU6WDGWGHQ
DXVJHPDXHUWHQ6FKOXQGLQGHQQXQ7KRPDV%XGGHQEURRN]XVHLQHQ
(OWHUQKLQDEJHODVVHQZDUG6LHVWDQGHQGDGLH+HUUHQYRQ9HUGLHQVW
XQG 9HUP|JHQ PLW JHVHQNWHQ RGHU ZHKPWLJ ]XU 6HLWH JHQHLJWHQ
.|SIHQ XQG XQWHU LKQHQ ZDUHQ GLH 5DWVKHUUHQ DQ LKUHQ ZHL‰HQ
+DQGVFKXKHQXQG.UDZDWWHQHUNHQQWOLFK:HLWKLQDEHUGUlQJWHQVLFK
GLH%HDPWHQGLH.RUQWUlJHUGLH.RQWRULVWHQGLH6SHLFKHUDUEHLWHU
'LH 0XVLN YHUVWXPPWH 3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLP VSUDFK 8QG DOV VHLQH
6HJHQVVSUFKHLQGHUNKOHQ/XIWYHUKDOOWHQVFKLFNWHVLFKDOOHVDQ
GHP%UXGHUXQGGHP6RKQHGHV9HUEOLFKHQHQQRFKHLQPDOGLH+DQG
]XGUFNHQ


(VJDEHLQODQJZLHULJHV'HILOHH&KULVWLDQ%XGGHQEURRNQDKPDOOH
%HLOHLGVEH]HXJXQJHQ PLW GHP KDOE ]HUVWUHXWHQ KDOE YHUOHJHQHQ
*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFN HQWJHJHQ GHU LKP EHL )HLHUOLFKNHLWHQ HLJHQ ZDU
'HU NOHLQH -RKDQQ VWDQG LQ VHLQHU GLFNHQ 6HHPDQQVMDFNH PLW
JROGHQHQ .Q|SIHQ QHEHQ LKP KLHOW VHLQH EOlXOLFK XPVFKDWWHWHQ
$XJHQ ]X %RGHQ JHVHQNW RKQH LUJHQG MHPDQGHQ DQ]XEOLFNHQ XQG
QHLJWHGHQ.RSIPLWHLQHUHPSILQGOLFKHQ*ULPDVVHVFKUlJUFNZlUWV
JHJHQGHQ:LQG


(/)7(57(,/

(UVWHV.DSLWHO

0DQHULQQHUWVLFKGLHVHURGHUMHQHU3HUVRQPDQGHQNWQDFKZLHHV
LKUJHKHQPDJXQGSO|W]OLFKIlOOWHLQHPHLQGD‰VLHQLFKWPHKUDXI
GHQ 7URWWRLUV XPKHUVSD]LHUW GD‰ LKUH 6WLPPH QLFKW PHKU LQ GHP
DOOJHPHLQHQ6WLPPHQNRQ]HUWPLWNOLQJWVRQGHUQGD‰VLHHLQIDFKDXI
LPPHU YRP 6FKDXSODW] YHUVFKZXQGHQ LVW XQG LUJHQGZR GUDX‰HQ
YRUP7RUHXQWHUGHU(UGHOLHJW
'LH .RQVXOLQ %XGGHQEURRN JHERUHQH 6WZLQJ GLH :LWZH 2QNHO
*RWWKROGV ZDU WRW $XFK LKU GLH HKHPDOV GLH 8UVDFKH VR KHIWLJHQ
=ZLVWV LQ GHU )DPLOLH JHZHVHQ ZDU KDWWH GHU 7RG VHLQH VKQHQGH
XQGYHUNOlUHQGH.URQHDXIJHVHW]WXQGLKUHGUHL7|FKWHU)ULHGHULNH
+HQULHWWHXQG3ILIILIKOWHQQXQGDV5HFKWGHQ.RQGRODWLRQHQLKUHU
9HUZDQGWHQHLQHEHOHLGLJWH0LHQHHQWJHJHQ]XVHW]HQDOVZROOWHQVLH
VDJHQ ¾'D VHKW HXUH 9HUIROJXQJHQ KDEHQ VLH LQ GLH *UXEH
JHEUDFKW«½2EJOHLFKGLH.RQVXOLQVWHLQDOWJHZRUGHQZDU«
$XFK 0DGDPH .HWKHOVHQ KDWWH GHQ )ULHGHQ 1DFKGHP VLH VLFK
ZlKUHQGGHUOHW]WHQ-DKUHPLWGHU*LFKWKDWWHSODJHQPVVHQZDUVLH
VDQIWHLQIlOWLJXQGNLQGHUJOlXELJGDKLQJHJDQJHQEHQHLGHWYRQLKUHU
JHOHKUWHQ 6FKZHVWHU GLH LPPHU QRFK KLH XQG GD JHJHQ NOHLQH
UDWLRQDOLVWLVFKH $QIHFKWXQJHQ ]X NlPSIHQ KDWWH XQG REJOHLFK VLH
EHVWlQGLJ EXFNOLJHU XQG ZLQ]LJHU ZXUGH GXUFK HLQH ]lKHUH
.RQVWLWXWLRQDQGLHVHVFKOHFKWH(UGHJHEDQQWZDU
.RQVXO 3HWHU '|KOPDQQ ZDU DEEHUXIHQ ZRUGHQ (U KDWWH VHLQ
JDQ]HV9HUP|JHQYHUIUKVWFNWZDUVFKOLH‰OLFKGHP+XQ\DGL-DQRV
HUOHJHQ XQG KLQWHUOLH‰ VHLQHU 7RFKWHU HLQH 5HQWH YRQ ]ZHLKXQGHUW
0DUNMlKUOLFKLQGHPHUHVGHU|IIHQWOLFKHQ3LHWlWJHJHQGHQ1DPHQ
'|KOPDQQ DQKHLPJDE VLH GXUFK $XIQDKPH LQ GDV -RKDQQLVNORVWHU
]XYHUVRUJHQ
-XVWXV .U|JHU ZDU HEHQIDOOV DEJHVFKLHGHQ XQG GDV ZDU VFKOLPP
GHQQ QXQKLQGHUWH QLHPDQG PHKU VHLQH VFKZDFKH *DWWLQ GDV OHW]WH
6LOEHU]HXJ]XYHUNDXIHQXPGHPHQWDUWHWHQ-DNRE*HOGVFKLFNHQ]X
N|QQHQGHULUJHQGZRGUDX‰HQLQGHU:HOWVHLQ/RWWHUOHEHQIKUWH«


:DV&KULVWLDQ%XGGHQEURRNEHWULIIWVRKlWWHPDQLKQYHUJHEHQVLQ
GHU6WDGWJHVXFKWHUZHLOWHQLFKWPHKULQLKUHQ0DXHUQ(LQNQDSSHV
-DKU QDFK GHP 7RGH VHLQHV %UXGHUV GHV 6HQDWRUV ZDU HU QDFK
+DPEXUJ EHUJHVLHGHOW ZRVHOEVW HU VLFK PLW HLQHU 'DPH GHU HU
OlQJVW VFKRQ QDKHJHVWDQGHQ PLW )UlXOHLQ $OLQH 3XYRJHO YRU *RWW
XQG GHQ 0HQVFKHQ YHUPlKOW KDWWH 1LHPDQG KDWWH LKP ZHKUHQ
N|QQHQ6HLQPWWHUOLFKHV(UEH]ZDUGHVVHQ=LQVHQEULJHQVVFKRQ
LPPHU]XU+lOIWHQDFK+DPEXUJJHZDQGHUWZDUHQZXUGHVRZHLWHV
QRFK QLFKW LP YRUDXV YHUEUDXFKW ZDU YRQ +HUUQ 6WHSKDQ
.LVWHQPDNHU YHUZDOWHW GHU GD]X GXUFK VHLQHV WRWHQ )UHXQGHV
7HVWDPHQWEHVWHOOWZRUGHQZDUDEHU&KULVWLDQZDULPEULJHQ+HUU
VHLQHV:LOOHQV6REDOGVHLQH9HUHKHOLFKXQJUXFKEDUZXUGHULFKWHWH
)UDX 3HUPDQHGHU DQ )UDX $OLQH %XGGHQEURRN ]X +DPEXUJ HLQHQ
ODQJHQ XQG DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK IHLQGVHOLJHQ %ULHI GHU PLW GHU $QUHGH
ª0DGDPH© EHJDQQ XQG LQ VRUJIlOWLJ YHUJLIWHWHQ :RUWHQ GLH
(UNOlUXQJHQWKLHOWGD‰)UDX3HUPDQHGHUZHGHUGLH$GUHVVDWLQQRFK
LKUH.LQGHUMHPDOVDOV9HUZDQGWHDQ]XHUNHQQHQJHVRQQHQVHL
+HUU .LVWHQPDNHU ZDU 7HVWDPHQWVYROOVWUHFNHU 9HUZDOWHU GHV
%XGGHQEURRNVFKHQ 9HUP|JHQV XQG 9RUPXQG GHV NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ
XQGHUKLHOWGLHVHbPWHULQ(KUHQ6LHYHUVFKDIIWHQLKPHLQHK|FKVW
ZLFKWLJH 7lWLJNHLW VLH EHUHFKWLJWHQ LKQ DQ GHU %|UVH PLW DOOHLQ
$Q]HLFKHQ GHU hEHUDUEHLWXQJ VHLQ +DXSWKDDU ]X VWUHLFKHQ XQG ]X
YHUVLFKHUQGD‰HUVLFKDXIUHLEHQLFKW]XYHUJHVVHQGD‰HUIUVHLQH
0KHZDOWXQJ PLW JUR‰HU 3QNWOLFKNHLW ]ZHL 3UR]HQW GHU 5HYHQXHQ
EH]RJ,PEULJHQDEHUKDWWHHUQLFKWYLHO*OFNEHLGHQ*HVFKlIWHQ
XQG]RJVLFKVHKUEDOGGLH8Q]XIULHGHQKHLW*HUGD%XGGHQEURRNV]X
'LH 'LQJH ODJHQ VR GD‰ OLTXLGLHUW ZHUGHQ GD‰ GLH )LUPD
YHUVFKZLQGHQ VROOWH XQG ]ZDU ELQQHQ HLQHV -DKUHV GLHV ZDU GHV
6HQDWRUV OHW]WZLOOLJH %HVWLPPXQJ )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU ]HLJWH VLFK
KHIWLJ EHZHJW KLHUEHU ª8QG -RKDQQ XQG GHU NOHLQH -RKDQQ XQG
+DQQR"©IUDJWHVLH'LH7DWVDFKHGD‰LKU%UXGHUEHUVHLQHQ6RKQ
XQGHLQ]LJHQ(UEHQKLQZHJJHJDQJHQZDUGD‰HUIULKQQLFKWKDWWH
GLH)LUPDDP/HEHQHUKDOWHQZROOHQHQWWlXVFKWHXQGVFKPHU]WHVLH
VHKU 0DQFKH 6WXQGH ZHLQWH VLH GDUEHU GD‰ PDQ VLFK GHV
HKUZUGLJHQ )LUPHQVFKLOGHV GLHVHV GXUFK YLHU *HQHUDWLRQHQ
EHUOLHIHUWHQ .OHLQRGV HQWlX‰HUQ GD‰ PDQ VHLQH *HVFKLFKWH
DEVFKOLH‰HQ VROOWH ZlKUHQG GRFK HLQ QDWUOLFKHU (UEIROJHU


YRUKDQGHQZDU$EHUGDQQWU|VWHWHVLHVLFKGDPLWGD‰GDV(QGHGHU
)LUPDMDQLFKWJHUDGH]XGDVMHQLJHGHU)DPLOLHVHLXQGGD‰LKU1HIIH
HEHQ HLQ MXQJHV XQG QHXHV :HUN ZHUGH EHJLQQHQ PVVHQ XP
VHLQHP KRKHQ %HUXIH QDFK]XNRPPHQ GHU MD GDQQ EHVWDQG GHP
1DPHQVHLQHU9DWHU*ODQ]XQG.ODQJ]XHUKDOWHQXQGGLH)DPLOLH]X
QHXHU%OXWH]XEULQJHQ1LFKWXPVRQVWEHVD‰HUVRYLHObKQOLFKNHLW
PLWVHLQHP8UJUR‰YDWHU
'LH $EZLFNOXQJ GHU *HVFKlIWH DOVR EHJDQQ XQWHU GHU /HLWXQJ
+HUUQ.LVWHQPDNHUVXQGGHVDOWHQ+HUUQ0DUFXVXQGVLHQDKPHLQHQ
DX‰HURUGHQWOLFKNOlJOLFKHQ9HUODXI'LHJHJHEHQH)ULVWZDUNXU]VLH
VROOWHPLWEXFKVWlEOLFKHU*HQDXLJNHLWLQQHJHKDOWHQZHUGHQGLH=HLW
GUlQJWH 'LH VFKZHEHQGHQ $QJHOHJHQKHLWHQ ZXUGHQ LQ EHUHLOWHU
XQGXQJQVWLJHU:HLVHHUOHGLJW(LQEHUVWU]WHUXQGXQYRUWHLOKDIWHU
9HUNDXI IROJWH GHP DQGHUHQ 'DV /DJHU GLH 6SHLFKHU ZXUGHQ PLW
JUR‰HP 6FKDGHQ ]X *HOGH JHPDFKW 8QG ZDV +HUUQ .LVWHQPDNHUV
hEHUHLIHUQLFKWYHUGDUEGDVYROOEUDFKWHGLH6DXPVHOLJNHLWGHVDOWHQ
+HUUQ 0DUFXV YRQ GHP PDQ VLFK LQ GHU 6WDGW HU]lKOWH GD‰ HU ]XU
:LQWHUV]HLW EHYRU HU DXVJHKH QLFKW QXU VHLQHQ 3DOHWRW XQG +XW
VRQGHUQ DXFK VHLQHQ 6SD]LHUVWRFN VRUJIlOWLJ DP 2IHQ ZlUPH XQG
GHU ERW VLFK HLQPDO HLQH JQVWLJH .RQMXQNWXU VLFKHUOLFK GLH
*HOHJHQKHLW YRUEHUJHKHQ OLH‰ .XU]XP GLH 9HUOXVWH KlXIWHQ VLFK
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRN KDWWH DXI GHP 3DSLHUH HLQ 9HUP|JHQ YRQ
VHFKVPDOKXQGHUWXQGIQI]LJWDXVHQG0DUNKLQWHUODVVHQHLQ-DKUQDFK
GHU7HVWDPHQWVHU|IIQXQJVWHOOWHVLFK KHUDXV GD‰ PLW GLHVHU 6XPPH
LPHQWIHUQWHVWHQQLFKW]XUHFKQHQZDU
8QEHVWLPPWH XQG EHUWULHEHQH *HUFKWH EHU GLH XQJQVWLJH
/LTXLGDWLRQJLQJHQXPXQGVLHZXUGHQJHQlKUWGXUFKGLH1DFKULFKW
GD‰*HUGD%XGGHQEURRNGDVJUR‰H+DXV]XYHUNDXIHQJHGHQNH0DQ
HU]lKOWHVLFK:XQGHUGLQJHEHUGDVZDVVLHGD]XQ|WLJWHEHUGDV
EHGHQNOLFKH =XVDPPHQVFKPHO]HQ GHV %XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ
9HUP|JHQVXQGVRNRQQWHHVJHVFKHKHQGD‰DOOJHPDFKLQGHU6WDGW
HLQH 6WLPPXQJ 3ODW] ]X JUHLIHQ EHJDQQ GLH GLH YHUZLWZHWH
6HQDWRULQ DQIDQJV PLW (UVWDXQHQ XQG %HIUHPGXQJ GDQQ PLW
ZDFKVHQGHP8QZLOOHQLQLKUHP+DXVKDOWHPSILQGHQPX‰WH$OVVLH
HLQHV 7DJHV LKUHU 6FKZlJHULQ EHULFKWHWH GD‰ PHKUHUH +DQGZHUNHU
XQG /LHIHUDQWHQ LQ XQDQVWlQGLJHU :HLVH DXI GLH %HULFKWLJXQJ
JU|‰HUHU 5HFKQXQJHQ JHGUXQJHQ KDWWHQ EOLHE )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU


ODQJH =HLW HUVWDUUW XQG EUDFK GDQQ LQ HLQ IUFKWHUOLFKHV *HOlFKWHU
DXV*HUGD%XGGHQEURRNZDUVRLQGLJQLHUWGD‰VLHVRJDUHWZDVZLH
HLQHQKDOEHQ(QWVFKOX‰ODXWZHUGHQOLH‰PLWGHPNOHLQHQ-RKDQQGLH
6WDGW]XYHUODVVHQ]XLKUHPDOWHQ9DWHUQDFK$PVWHUGDP]X]LHKHQ
XQG ZLHGHU 'XRV PLW LKP ]X JHLJHQ $EHU GLHV ULHI HLQHQ VROFKHQ
6WXUP GHV (QWVHW]HQV YRQ VHLWHQ )UDX 3HUPDQHGHUV KHUYRU GD‰ VLH
GHQ3ODQIUVHUVWHIDKUHQODVVHQPX‰WH
:LH]XHUZDUWHQVWDQGHUVWUHFNWHQVLFK)UDX3HUPDQHGHUV3URWHVWH
DXFK DXI GHQ 9HUNDXI GHV YRQ LKUHP %UXGHU HUEDXWHQ +DXVHV 6LH
MDPPHUWHODXWEHUGHQEOHQ(LQGUXFNGHQGLHVKHUYRUUXIHQN|QQH
XQGNODJWHGD‰HVIUGHQ1DPHQGHU)DPLOLHHLQHQHXH(LQEX‰HDQ
3UHVWLJH EHGHXWHQ ZHUGH $EHU VLH PX‰WH GRFK HLQUlXPHQ GD‰ HV
XQSUDNWLVFKJHZHVHQZlUHGDVZHLWOlXILJHXQGSUlFKWLJH+DXVGDV
7KRPDV %XGGHQEURRNV NRVWVSLHOLJH /LHEKDEHUHL JHZHVHQ ZDU
IHUQHUKLQ ]X EHZRKQHQ XQG LQVWDQG ]X KDOWHQ XQG GD‰ *HUGD¶V
:XQVFKQDFKHLQHUEHTXHPHQNOHLQHQ9LOODYRUP7RUHLP*UQHQ
VHLQH%HUHFKWLJXQJKDWWH
+HUUQ *|VFK GHP 0DNOHU 6LJLVPXQG *|VFK GlPPHUWH HLQ
HUKDEHQHU 7DJ (LQ (UOHEQLV YHUNOlUWH VHLQ *UHLVHQDOWHU GDV VHLQHQ
*OLHGHUQVRJDU IU PHKUHUH 6WXQGHQ GDV =LWWHUQ QDKP (V JHVFKDK
GD‰ HU VLFK LQ *HUGD %XGGHQEURRNV 6DORQ HUEOLFNHQ GXUIWH LKU
JHJHQEHU LQ HLQHP )DXWHXLO $XJ LQ $XJH PLW LKU EHU GHQ 3UHLV
LKUHV +DXVHV YHUKDQGHOQG 'DV VFKORKZHL‰H +DDU YRQ DOOHQ 6HLWHQ
LQV *HVLFKW JHVWULFKHQ VWDUUWH HU LKU PLW JUl‰OLFK YRUJHVFKREHQHP
.LQQYRQXQWHQKHUDXILQV$QJHVLFKWXQGHUUHLFKWHHVYROONRPPHQ
EXFNOLJ DXV]XVHKHQ 6HLQH 6WLPPH ]LVFKWH DEHU HU VSUDFK NDOW XQG
JHVFKlIWOLFK XQG QLFKWV YHUULHW GLH (UVFKWWHUXQJ VHLQHU 6HHOH (U
PDFKWHVLFKDQKHLVFKLJGDV+DXV]XEHUQHKPHQVWUHFNWHGLH+DQG
DXV XQG ERW PLW WFNLVFKHP /lFKHOQ IQIXQGDFKW]LJWDXVHQG 0DUN
'DV ZDU DQQHKPEDU GHQQ HLQ 9HUOXVW ZDU EHL GLHVHP 9HUNDXIH
XQYHUPHLGOLFK $OOHLQ +HUUQ .LVWHQPDNHUV 0HLQXQJ PX‰WH JHK|UW
ZHUGHQ*HUGD%XGGHQEURRNPX‰WH+HUUQ*|VFKHQWODVVHQRKQHPLW
LKP DEJHVFKORVVHQ ]X KDEHQ XQG HV ]HLJWH VLFK GD‰ +HUU
.LVWHQPDNHU QLFKW JHVRQQHQ ZDU LUJHQGZHOFKH (LQJULIIH LQ VHLQH
7lWLJNHLW]XJHVWDWWHQ(UPL‰DFKWHWHGDV$QJHERWGHV+HUUQ*|VFK
HUODFKWHGDUEHUXQGVFKZRUGD‰PDQZHLWPHKUEHNRPPHQZHUGH
8QGHUEHVFKZRUGLHVVRODQJHELVHUVLFKXPEHUKDXSWHLQPDOHLQ


(QGH]XPDFKHQ JHQ|WLJW VDK GDV +DXV IU IQIXQGVLHE]LJWDXVHQG
0DUN DQ HLQHQ DOWHUQGHQ -XQJJHVHOOHQ DE]XJHEHQ GHU YRQ ZHLWHQ
5HLVHQ]XUFNNHKUHQGVLFKLQGHU6WDGWQLHGHU]XODVVHQJHGDFKWH«
+HUU .LVWHQPDNHU EHVRUJWH DXFK GHQ $QNDXI GHV QHXHQ +DXVHV
HLQHU DQJHQHKPHQ NOHLQHQ 9LOOD GLH YLHOOHLFKW HLQ ZHQLJ ]X WHXHU
HUVWDQGHQ ZXUGH GLH DEHU YRUP %XUJWRUH DQ HLQHU DOWHQ
.DVWDQLHQDOOHH JHOHJHQ XQG YRQ HLQHP KEVFKHQ =LHU XQG
1XW]JDUWHQ XPJHEHQ GHQ :QVFKHQ *HUGD %XGGHQEURRNV
HQWVSUDFK«'RUWKLQ]RJGLH6HQDWRULQLP+HUEVWGHV-DKUHVPLW
LKUHP 6RKQH LKUHQ 'LHQVWERWHQ XQG HLQHP 7HLOH LKUHV +DXVUDWHV
ZlKUHQG HLQ DQGHUHU 7HLO GDYRQ XQWHU GHQ :HKNODJHQ )UDX
3HUPDQHGHUV]XUFNJHODVVHQZHUGHQXQGLQGHQ%HVLW]GHVDOWHUQGHQ
-XQJJHVHOOHQEHUJHKHQPX‰WH
1LFKW JHQXJ GHU 9HUlQGHUXQJHQ 0DPVHOO -XQJPDQQ ,GD
-XQJPDQQVHLWYLHU]LJ-DKUHQLP%XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ+DXVHWUDWDXV
GHQ'LHQVWHQGHU)DPLOLHXQGNHKUWHLQLKUHZHVWSUHX‰LVFKH+HLPDW
]XUFN XP EHL 9HUZDQGWHQ GHQ )HLHUDEHQG LKUHV /HEHQV ]X
YHUEULQJHQ'LH:DKUKHLW]XVDJHQVRZXUGHVLHYRQGHU6HQDWRULQ
HQWODVVHQ 'LH JXWH 6HHOH KDWWH DOV GLH YRULJH *HQHUDWLRQ LKU
HQWZDFKVHQ ZDU DOVEDOG GHQ NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ YRUJHIXQGHQ GHQ VLH
KHJHQXQGSIOHJHQGHPVLH*ULPP¶VFKH0lUFKHQYRUOHVHQXQGGLH
*HVFKLFKWH GHV 2QNHOV HU]lKOHQ NRQQWH ZHOFKHU DP 6FKOXFNDXI
JHVWRUEHQZDU1XQDEHUZDUGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQHLJHQWOLFKJDUQLFKW
PHKUNOHLQ HU ZDU HLQIQI]HKQMlKULJHU-XQJH GHP VLH WURW] VHLQHU
=DUWKHLW QLFKW PHKU EHWUlFKWOLFK QW]HQ NRQQWH« XQG ]X VHLQHU
0XWWHU VWDQG VLH ODQJH VFKRQ LQ HLQHP ]LHPOLFK XQDQJHQHKPHQ
9HUKlOWQLV 6LH KDWWH GLHVH )UDX GLH ZHLW VSlWHU LQ GLH )DPLOLH
HLQJHWUHWHQ ZDU DOV VLH HLJHQWOLFK QLHPDOV UHFKW DOV ]XJHK|ULJ XQG
YROOZHUWLJ DQJHVHKHQ XQG EHJDQQ DQGHUHUVHLWV LQ YRUJHUFNWHQ
-DKUHQPLWGHP'QNHOHLQHUDOWHQ'LHQHULQVLFKVHOEVWEHUWULHEHQH
%HIXJQLVVH DQ]XPD‰HQ 6LH HUUHJWH $QVWR‰ LQGHP VLH LKUH 3HUVRQ
DOVDOO]XZLFKWLJEHWUDFKWHWHLQGHPVLHVLFKLP+DXVKDOWHGLHVHVRGHU
MHQHV hEHUJULIIHV VFKXOGLJ PDFKWH« 'LH /DJH ZDUG XQKDOWEDU
HUUHJWH$XIWULWWHIDQGHQVWDWWXQGREJOHLFK)UDX3HUPDQHGHUPLWGHU
QlPOLFKHQ %HUHGVDPNHLW IU VLH EDW PLW GHU VLH IU GLH JUR‰HQ
:RKQKlXVHU XQG GLH 0|EHO JHEHWHQ KDWWH HUKLHOW GLH DOWH ,GD GHQ
$EVFKLHG


6LHZHLQWHELWWHUOLFKDOVGLH6WXQGHKHUDQNDPGDVLHGHPNOHLQHQ
-RKDQQ /HEHZRKO ]X VDJHQ KDWWH (U XPDUPWH VLH OHJWH GDQQ GLH
+lQGHDXIGHQ5FNHQVWW]WHVLFKDXIVHLQHLQHV%HLQLQGHPHUGHQ
DQGHUHQ )X‰ DXI GLH =HKHQVSLW]HQ VWHOOWH XQG VDK ]X ZLH VLH
GDYRQJLQJ PLW GHPVHOEHQ JUEOHULVFKHQ XQG QDFK LQQHQ JHNHKUWHQ
%OLFN GHQ VHLQH JROGEUDXQHQ EOlXOLFK XPVFKDWWHWHQ $XJHQ DQ GHU
/HLFKH VHLQHU *UR‰PXWWHU EHLP 7RGH VHLQHV 9DWHUV EHL GHU
$XIO|VXQJ GHU JUR‰HQ +DXVKDOWH XQG VR PDQFKHP ZHQLJHU
lX‰HUOLFKHQ(UOHEQLVlKQOLFKHU$UWDQJHQRPPHQKDWWHQ«'HUDOWHQ
,GD 9HUDEVFKLHGXQJ VFKOR‰ VLFK LQ VHLQHU $QVFKDXXQJ IROJHULFKWLJ
GHQ DQGHUHQ 9RUJlQJHQ GHV $EEU|FNHOQV GHV (QGHQV GHV
$EVFKOLH‰HQV GHU =HUVHW]XQJ DQ GHQHQ HU EHLJHZRKQW KDWWH
'HUJOHLFKHQEHIUHPGHWHLKQQLFKWPHKUHVKDWWHLKQVHOWVDPHUZHLVH
QLHPDOV EHIUHPGHW 0DQFKPDO ZHQQ HU VHLQHQ .RSI PLW GHP
JHORFNWHQ KHOOEUDXQHQ +DDU XQG GHQ LPPHU HLQ ZHQLJ YHU]HUUWHQ
/LSSHQ HUKRE XQG GLH IHLQHQ )OJHO VHLQHU 1DVH VLFK HPSILQGOLFK
|IIQHWHQZDUHVDOVVFKQXSSHUHHUEHKXWVDPLQGLH$WPRVSKlUHXQG
/HEHQVOXIW GLH LKQ XPJDE JHZlUWLJ GHQ 'XIW GHQ VHOWVDP
YHUWUDXWHQ 'XIW ]X YHUVSUHQ GHQ DQ GHU %DKUH VHLQHU *UR‰PXWWHU
DOOH%OXPHQJHUFKHQLFKW]XEHUWlXEHQYHUPRFKWKDWWHQ«
,PPHUZHQQ)UDX3HUPDQHGHUEHLLKUHU6FKZlJHULQYRUVSUDFK]RJ
VLHLKUHQ 1HIIHQ DQ VLFK XP LKP YRQ GHU 9HUJDQJHQKHLW XQGMHQHU
=XNXQIW ]X HU]lKOHQ ZHOFKH %XGGHQEURRNV QlFKVW GHU *QDGH
*RWWHV LKP GHP NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ ]X YHUGDQNHQ KDEHQ VROOWHQ -H
XQHUTXLFNOLFKHUGLH*HJHQZDUWVLFKGDUVWHOOWHGHVWRZHQLJHUNRQQWH
VLHVLFKJHQXJWXQLQ6FKLOGHUXQJHQZLHYRUQHKPGDV/HEHQLQGHQ
+lXVHUQ LKUHU (OWHUQ XQG *UR‰HOWHUQ JHZHVHQ XQG ZLH +DQQR¶V
8UJUR‰YDWHUYLHUVSlQQLJEHU/DQGJHIDKUHQVHL«(LQHV7DJHVHUOLWW
VLH HLQHQ KHIWLJHQ $QIDOO YRQ 0DJHQNUDPSI LQIROJH GDYRQ GD‰
)ULHGHULNH +HQULHWWHXQG 3ILIIL %XGGHQEURRN HLQVWLPPLJ EHKDXSWHW
KDWWHQ+DJHQVWU|PVVHLHQGLH&UHPHGHU*HVHOOVFKDIW«
hEHU&KULVWLDQODJHQEHWUEHQGH1DFKULFKWHQYRU'LH(KHVFKLHQ
VHLQ %HILQGHQ QLFKW JQVWLJ EHHLQIOX‰W ]X KDEHQ 8QKHLPOLFKH
:DKQLGHHQ XQG =ZDQJVYRUVWHOOXQJHQ KDWWHQ VLFK EHL LKP LQ
YHUVWlUNWHP 0D‰H ZLHGHUKROW XQG DXI 9HUDQODVVXQJ VHLQHU *DWWLQ
XQGHLQHV$U]WHVKDWWHHUVLFKQXQPHKULQHLQH$QVWDOWEHJHEHQ(U
ZDUQLFKWJHUQGRUWVFKULHEODPHQWLHUHQGH%ULHIHDQGLH6HLQHQXQG


JDEGHPKHIWLJHQ:XQVFKH$XVGUXFNDXVGLHVHU$QVWDOWLQGHUPDQ
LKQVHKUVWUHQJ]XEHKDQGHOQVFKLHQZLHGHUEHIUHLW]XZHUGHQ$EHU
PDQ KLHOW LKQ IHVW XQG GDV ZDU ZRKO GDV %HVWH IU LKQ -HGHQIDOOV
VHW]WHHVVHLQH*HPDKOLQLQGHQ6WDQGXQEHVFKDGHWGHUSUDNWLVFKHQ
XQG LGHHOOHQ 9RUWHLOH GLH VLH GHU +HLUDW YHUGDQNWH LKU IUKHUHV
XQDEKlQJLJHV/HEHQRKQH5FNVLFKWXQG%HKLQGHUXQJIRUW]XIKUHQ

=ZHLWHV.DSLWHO

'DV:HUNGHU:HFNXKUVFKQDSSWHHLQXQGUDVVHOWHSIOLFKWWUHXXQG
JUDXVDP (V ZDU HLQ KHLVHUHV XQG JHERUVWHQHV *HUlXVFK HLQ
.ODSSHUQ PHKU DOV HLQ .OLQJHOQ GHQQ VLH ZDU DOWJHGLHQW XQG
DEJHQXW]W DEHU HV GDXHUWH ODQJH KRIIQXQJVORV ODQJH GHQQ VLH ZDU
JUQGOLFKDXIJH]RJHQ
+DQQR%XGGHQEURRNHUVFKUDN]XLQQHUVW:LHMHGHQ0RUJHQ]RJHQ
VLFK EHL GHP MlKHQ (LQVHW]HQ GLHVHV ]XJOHLFK ERVKDIWHQ XQG
WUHXKHU]LJHQ/lUPHVDXIGHP1DFKWWLVFKHGLFKWQHEHQVHLQHP2KUH
YRU *ULPP .ODJH XQG9HU]ZHLIOXQJ VHLQH (LQJHZHLGH ]XVDPPHQ
bX‰HUOLFKDEHUEOLHEHUJDQ]UXKLJYHUlQGHUWHVHLQH/DJHLP %HWWH
QLFKWXQGUL‰QXUUDVFKDXVLUJHQGHLQHPYHUZLVFKWHQ0RUJHQWUDXPH
JHMDJWGLH$XJHQDXI
(V ZDU YROONRPPHQ ILQVWHU LQ GHU ZLQWHUNDOWHQ 6WXEH HU
XQWHUVFKLHGNHLQHQ*HJHQVWDQGXQGNRQQWHGLH=HLJHUGHU8KUQLFKW
VHKHQ $EHUHU ZX‰WH GD‰ HV VHFKV 8KU ZDU GHQQ HU KDWWH JHVWHUQ
DEHQGGHQ:HFNHUDXIGLHVH6WXQGHJHVWHOOW«*HVWHUQ«JHVWHUQ«
:lKUHQGHUPLWDQJHVSDQQWHQ1HUYHQXPGHQ(QWVFKOX‰NlPSIHQG
/LFKW ]X PDFKHQ XQG GDV %HWW ]X YHUODVVHQ UHJXQJVORV DXI GHP
5FNHQODJNHKUWHLKPQDFKXQGQDFKDOOHVLQV%HZX‰WVHLQ]XUFN
ZDVLKQJHVWHUQHUIOOWKDWWH«
(V ZDU 6RQQWDJ JHZHVHQ XQG QDFKGHP HU VLFK PHKUHUH 7DJH
KLQWHUHLQDQGHU YRQ +HUUQ %UHFKW KDWWH PDOWUlWLHUHQ ODVVHQ PVVHQ
KDWWH HU ]XU %HORKQXQJ VHLQH 0XWWHU LQV 6WDGWWKHDWHU EHJOHLWHQ
GUIHQXPGHQ¾/RKHQJULQ½]XK|UHQ'LH)UHXGHDXIGLHVHQ$EHQG
KDWWHVHLWHLQHU:RFKHVFKRQVHLQ/HEHQDXVJHPDFKW%HNODJHQVZHUW


ZDU QXU GD‰ VWHWV YRU VROFKHUOHL )HVWHQ VRYLHO GHV :LGHUZlUWLJHQ
ODJHUWH XQG ELV ]XP OHW]WHQ $XJHQEOLFN GLH IUHLH XQG IUHXGLJH
$XVVLFKWGDUDXIYHUGDUE$EHUHQGOLFKZDUGRFKDP6RQQDEHQGGLH
6FKXO]HLW EHUVWDQGHQ JHZHVHQ XQG GLH 7UHWPDVFKLQH KDWWH ]XP
OHW]WHQ 0DOH LQ VHLQHP 0XQGH PLW VFKPHU]KDIWHP 6XPPHQ
JHERKUW« 1XQ ZDU DOOHV EHLVHLWH JHVFKDIIW XQG EHUZXQGHQ
JHZHVHQGHQQGLH6FKXODXIJDEHQKDWWHHUNXU]HQWVFKORVVHQMHQVHLWV
GHV6RQQWDJDEHQGVJHVFKREHQ:DVKDWWHGHU0RQWDJEHGHXWHW":DU
HV ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK JHZHVHQ GD‰ HU MHPDOV DQEUHFKHQ ZUGH" 0DQ
JODXEW DQ NHLQHQ 0RQWDJ ZHQQ PDQ DP 6RQQWDJDEHQG GHQ
¾/RKHQJULQ½ K|UHQ VROO« (U KDWWH DP 0RQWDJ IUK]HLWLJ DXIVWHKHQ
ZROOHQXQGGLHVHDOEHUQHQ6DFKHQHUOHGLJHQGDPLWJHQXJ1XQZDU
HUIUHLXPKHUJHJDQJHQKDWWHGLH)UHXGHVHLQHV+HU]HQVJHSIOHJWDP
)OJHOJHWUlXPWXQGDOOH:LGULJNHLWHQYHUJHVVHQ
8QGGDQQZDUGDV*OFN]XU:LUNOLFKNHLWJHZRUGHQ(VZDUEHU
LKQ JHNRPPHQ PLW VHLQHQ :HLKHQ XQG (QW]FNXQJHQ VHLQHP
KHLPOLFKHQ(UVFKDXHUQXQG(UEHEHQVHLQHPSO|W]OLFKHQLQQHUOLFKHQ
6FKOXFK]HQ VHLQHP JDQ]HQ EHUVFKZHQJOLFKHQ XQG XQHUVlWWOLFKHQ
5DXVFKH«)UHLOLFKGLHELOOLJHQ*HLJHQGHV2UFKHVWHUVKDWWHQEHLP
9RUVSLHO HLQ ZHQLJ YHUVDJW XQG HLQ GLFNHU HLQJHELOGHWHU 0HQVFK
PLW EURWEORQGHP 9ROOEDUWH ZDU LP 1DFKHQ HLQ ZHQLJ UXFNZHLVH
KHUDQJHVFKZRPPHQ $XFK ZDU LQ GHU 1DFKEDUORJH VHLQ 9RUPXQG
+HUU6WHSKDQ.LVWHQPDNHU]XJHJHQJHZHVHQXQGKDWWHJHPXUUWGD‰
PDQGHQ-XQJHQDXIVROFKH:HLVH]HUVWUHXHXQGYRQVHLQHQ3IOLFKWHQ
DEOHQNH$EHUGDUEHUKDWWHLKQGLHV‰HXQGYHUNOlUWH+HUUOLFKNHLW
DXIGLHHUODXVFKWHKLQZHJJHKREHQ«
8QG HQGOLFK ZDU GRFK GDV (QGH JHNRPPHQ 'DV VLQJHQGH
VFKLPPHUQGH *OFN ZDU YHUVWXPPW XQG HUORVFKHQ PLW ILHEULJHP
.RSIHKDWWHHUVLFKGDKHLPLQVHLQHP=LPPHUZLHGHUJHIXQGHQXQG
ZDUJHZDKUJHZRUGHQGD‰QXUHLQSDDU6WXQGHQGHV6FKODIHVGRUWLQ
VHLQHP%HWWLKQYRQJUDXHP$OOWDJWUHQQWHQ'DKDWWHLKQHLQ$QIDOO
MHQHUJlQ]OLFKHQ9HU]DJWKHLWEHUZlOWLJWGLHHUVRZRKONDQQWH(U
KDWWHZLHGHUHPSIXQGHQZLHZHKHGLH6FK|QKHLWWXWZLHWLHIVLHLQ
6FKDP XQG VHKQVFKWLJH 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ VWU]W XQG GRFK DXFK GHQ
0XW XQG GLH 7DXJOLFKNHLW ]XP JHPHLQHQ /HEHQ YHU]HKUW 6R
IUFKWHUOLFK KRIIQXQJVORV XQG EHUJHVFKZHU KDWWH HV LKQ
QLHGHUJHGUFNW GD‰ HU VLFK ZLHGHU HLQPDO JHVDJW KDWWH HV PVVH


PHKU VHLQ DOV VHLQH SHUV|QOLFKHQ .PPHUQLVVH ZDV DXI LKP ODVWH
HLQH %UGH GLH YRQ $QEHJLQQ VHLQH 6HHOH EHVFKZHUW KDEH XQG VLH
LUJHQGZDQQHLQPDOHUVWLFNHQPVVH«
'DQQKDWWHHUGHQ:HFNHUJHULFKWHWXQGJHVFKODIHQVRWLHIXQGWRW
ZLHPDQVFKOlIWZHQQPDQQLHPDOVZLHGHUHUZDFKHQP|FKWH8QG
QXQZDUGHU0RQWDJGDXQGHVZDUVHFKV8KUXQGHUKDWWHIUNHLQH
6WXQGHJHDUEHLWHW
(UULFKWHWHVLFKDXIXQGHQW]QGHWHGLH.HU]HDXIGHP1DFKWWLVFKH
'DDEHULQGHUHLVNDOWHQ/XIWVHLQH$UPHXQG6FKXOWHUQVRIRUWKHIWLJ
]XIULHUHQEHJDQQHQOLH‰HUVLFKUDVFKZLHGHU]XUFNVLQNHQXQG]RJ
GLH'HFNHEHUVLFK
'LH=HLJHUZLHVHQDXI]HKQ0LQXWHQQDFKVHFKV8KU«$FKHVZDU
VLQQORV QXQ DXI]XVWHKHQ XQG ]X DUEHLWHQ HV ZDU ]XYLHO HV JDE
EHLQDKH IU MHGH 6WXQGH HWZDV ]X OHUQHQ HV ORKQWH QLFKW GDPLW
DQ]XIDQJHQXQGGHU=HLWSXQNWGHQHUVLFKIHVWJHVHW]WZDUVRZLHVR
EHUVFKULWWHQ« :DU HV GHQQ VR VLFKHU ZLH HV LKP JHVWHUQ
HUVFKLHQHQ ZDU GD‰ HU KHXWH VRZRKO LP /DWHLQLVFKHQ ZLH LQ GHU
&KHPLHDQGLH5HLKHNRPPHQZUGH"(VZDUDQ]XQHKPHQMDQDFK
PHQVFKOLFKHU 9RUDXVVLFKW ZDU HV ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK :DV GHQ 2YLG
EHWUDIVRZDUHQQHXOLFKGLH1DPHQDXIJHUXIHQZRUGHQGLHPLWGHQ
OHW]WHQ %XFKVWDEHQ GHV $OSKDEHWHV EHJDQQHQ XQG PXWPD‰OLFK
ZUGHHVKHXWHPLW$XQG%YRQYRUQDQIDQJHQ$EHUHVZDUGRFK
QLFKW XQEHGLQJW VLFKHU QLFKW JDQ] XQG JDU ]ZHLIHOORV (V NDPHQ
GRFK $EZHLFKXQJHQ YRQ GHU 5HJHO YRU :DV EHZLUNWH QLFKW
PDQFKPDO GHU =XIDOO GX OLHEHU *RWW« 8QG ZlKUHQG HU VLFK PLW
GLHVHQ WUJHULVFKHQ XQG JHZDOWVDPHQ (UZlJXQJHQ EHVFKlIWLJWH
YHUVFKZDPPHQ VHLQH *HGDQNHQ LQHLQDQGHU XQG HU HQWVFKOLHI DXIV
QHXH
'DV NOHLQH 6FKOHU]LPPHU NDOW XQG NDKO PLW VHLQHU 6L[WLQLVFKHQ
0DGRQQD DOV .XSIHUVWLFK EHU GHP %HWWH VHLQHP $XV]LHKWLVFK LQ
GHU 0LWWH VHLQHP XQRUGHQWOLFK YROOJHSIURSIWHQ %FKHUERUW HLQHP
VWHLIEHLQLJHQ 0DKDJRQLSXOW GHP +DUPRQLXP XQG GHP VFKPDOHQ
:DVFKWLVFK ODJ VWXPP LQ GHP ZDQNHQGHQ 6FKHLQ GHU .HU]H
(LVEOXPHQEOKWHQDP)HQVWHUGHVVHQ5RXOHDXQLFKWKLQDEJHODVVHQ
ZDU GDPLW GDV 7DJHVOLFKW IUKHU KHUHLQGULQJH 8QG +DQQR
%XGGHQEURRN VFKOLHI GLH :DQJH LQ GDV .LVVHQ JHVFKPLHJW (U
VFKOLHIPLWJHWUHQQWHQ/LSSHQXQGWLHIXQGIHVWJHVHQNWHQ:LPSHUQ


PLWGHP$XVGUXFNHLQHULQEUQVWLJHQXQGVFKPHU]OLFKHQ+LQJDEHDQ
GHQ 6FKODI XQG VHLQ ZHLFKHV KHOOEUDXQHV +DDU EHGHFNWH JHORFNW
VHLQH 6FKOlIHQ 8QG ODQJVDP YHUORU GDV )OlPPFKHQ DXI GHP
1DFKWWLVFKH VHLQHQ URWJHOEHQ 6FKHLQ GD GXUFK GLH (LVNUXVWH GHU
)HQVWHUVFKHLEHGHUPDWWH0RUJHQVWDUUXQGIDKOLQV=LPPHUEOLFNWH
$OVHVVLHEHQ8KUZDUHUZDFKWHHUZLHGHUPLW6FKUHFNHQ1XQZDU
DXFKGLHVH)ULVWDEJHODXIHQ$XIVWHKHQXQGGHQ7DJDXIVLFKQHKPHQ
HVJDEQLFKWVXPGDVDE]XZHQGHQ(LQHNXU]H6WXQGHQXUQRFKELV
]XP6FKXODQIDQJ«'LH=HLWGUlQJWHYRQGHQ$UEHLWHQQXQJDQ]]X
VFKZHLJHQ 7URW]GHP EOLHE HU QRFK OLHJHQ YROO YRQ (UELWWHUXQJ
7UDXHU XQG $QNODJH GLHVHV EUXWDOHQ =ZDQJHV ZHJHQ LQ IURVWLJHP
+DOEGXQNHO GDV ZDUPH %HWW ]X YHUODVVHQ XQG VLFK KLQDXV XQWHU
VWUHQJHXQGEHOZROOHQGH0HQVFKHQLQ1RWXQG*HIDKU]XEHJHEHQ
$FK QRFK ]ZHL DUPVHOLJH 0LQXWHQ QLFKW ZDKU" IUDJWH HU VHLQ
.RSINLVVHQ PLW EHUTXHOOHQGHU =lUWOLFKNHLW 8QG GDQQ LQ HLQHP
$QIDOOYRQ7URW]VFKHQNWHHUVLFKIQIYROOH0LQXWHQXPQRFKHLQ
ZHQLJGLH$XJHQ]XVFKOLH‰HQYRQ=HLW]X=HLWGDVHLQH]X|IIQHQ
XQG YHU]ZHLIOXQJVYROO DXI GHQ =HLJHU ]X VWDUUHQ GHU VWXPSIVLQQLJ
XQZLVVHQGXQGNRUUHNWVHLQHV:HJHVYRUZlUWVJLQJ«
=HKQ0LQXWHQQDFKVLHEHQ8KUUL‰HUVLFKORVXQGILQJDQVLFKLQ
K|FKVWHU +DVW LP =LPPHU KLQ XQG KHU ]X EHZHJHQ 'LH .HU]H
EUDQQWH IRUW GHQQ GDV 7DJHVOLFKW DOOHLQ JHQJWH QRFK QLFKW $OV HU
HLQH (LVEOXPH ]HUKDXFKWH VDK HU GD‰ GUDX‰HQ GLFKWHU 1HEHO
KHUUVFKWH
,KQ IURU EHU DOOH 0D‰HQ 'HU )URVW VFKWWHOWH PDQFKPDO PLW
VFKPHU]KDIWHP6FKDXGHUVHLQHQJDQ]HQ.|USHU6HLQH)LQJHUVSLW]HQ
EUDQQWHQXQGZDUHQVRJHVFKZROOHQGD‰PLWGHU1DJHOEUVWHQLFKWV
DQ]XIDQJHQ ZDU $OV HU VLFK GHQ 2EHUN|USHU ZXVFK OLH‰ VHLQH
EHLQDKHUVWRUEHQH+DQGGHQ6FKZDPP]X%RGHQIDOOHQXQGHUVWDQG
HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN VWDUU XQG KLOIORV GD TXDOPHQG ZLH HLQ
VFKZLW]HQGHV3IHUG
8QG HQGOLFK PLW JHKHW]WHP $WHP XQG WUEHQ $XJHQ VWDQG HU
GHQQRFKIHUWLJDP$XV]LHKWLVFKHHUJULIIGLH/HGHUPDSSHXQGUDIIWH
GLH *HLVWHVNUlIWH ]XVDPPHQ ZHOFKH GLH 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ LKP
EULJOLH‰ XP IU GLH 6WXQGHQ YRQ KHXWH GLH Q|WLJHQ %FKHU
KLQHLQ]XSDFNHQ (U VWDQG VDK DQJHVWUHQJW LQ GLH /XIW PXUPHOWH


DQJVWYROO ª5HOLJLRQ« /DWHLQLVFK« &KHPLH«© XQG VWRSIWH GLH
GHIHNWHQXQGPLW7LQWHEHIOHFNWHQ3DSSElQGH]XHLQDQGHU«
-DHUZDUQXQVFKRQ]LHPOLFKODQJGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQ(UZDUPHKU
DOVIQI]HKQMlKULJXQGWUXJNHLQ.RSHQKDJHQHU0DWURVHQKDELWPHKU
VRQGHUQ HLQHQ KHOOEUDXQHQ -DFNHWWDQ]XJ PLW EODXHU
ZHL‰JHVSUHQNHOWHU .UDZDWWH $XI VHLQHU :HVWH ZDU GLH ODQJH XQG
GQQH JROGHQH 8KUNHWWH ]X VHKHQ GLH YRQ VHLQHP 8UJUR‰YDWHU DXI
LKQJHNRPPHQZDUXQGDQGHPYLHUWHQ)LQJHUVHLQHUHLQZHQLJ]X
EUHLWHQ DEHU ]DUWJHJOLHGHUWHQ 5HFKWHQ VWDN GHU DOWH (UE6LHJHOULQJ
PLWJUQHP6WHLQGHUQXQHEHQIDOOVLKPJHK|UWH«(U]RJGLHGLFNH
ZROOLJH:LQWHUMDFNH DQ VHW]WH GHQ +XW DXI UL‰ GLH0DSSH DQ VLFK
O|VFKWHGLH.HU]H XQG VWU]WH GLH 7UHSSH KLQXQWHU LQV (UGJHVFKR‰
DQGHPDXVJHVWRSIWHQ%lUHQYRUEHL]XU5HFKWHQLQV6SHLVH]LPPHU
)UlXOHLQ&OHPHQWLQHGLHQHXH-XQJIHUVHLQHU0XWWHUHLQ PDJHUHV
0lGFKHQ PLW 6WLUQORFNHQ VSLW]HU 1DVH XQG NXU]VLFKWLJHQ $XJHQ
ZDU EHUHLWV ]XU 6WHOOH XQG PDFKWH VLFK DP )UKVWFNVWLVFKH ]X
VFKDIIHQ ª:LH VSlW LVW HV HLJHQWOLFK"© IUDJWH HU ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ
=lKQHQ REJOHLFK HU HV VHKU JHQDX ZX‰WH ª9LHUWHO YRU DFKW©
DQWZRUWHWHVLHXQGZLHVPLWLKUHUGQQHQURWHQ+DQGGLHDXVVDKZLH
JLFKWLVFK DXI GLH :DQGXKU ª6LH PVVHQ ZRKO ]XVHKHQ GD‰ 6LH
IRUWNRPPHQ +DQQR«© 'DPLW VHW]WH VLH GLH GDPSIHQGH 7DVVH DQ
VHLQHQ 3ODW] XQG VFKRE LKP %URWNRUE XQG %XWWHU 6DO] XQG
(LHUEHFKHU]X
(U VDJWH QLFKWV PHKU JULII QDFK HLQHU 6HPPHO XQG EHJDQQ LP
6WHKHQ GHQ +XW DXI GHP .RSIH XQG GLH 0DSSH XQWHUP $UP GHQ
.DNDR]XVFKOXFNHQ'DVKHL‰H*HWUlQNWDWHQWVHW]OLFKZHKDQHLQHP
%DFNHQ]DKQGHQJHUDGH+HUU%UHFKWLQ%HKDQGOXQJJHKDEWKDWWH«
(U OLH‰ GLH +lOIWH VWHKHQ YHUVFKPlKWH DXFK GDV (L OLH‰ PLW
YHU]HUUWHP0XQGHHLQHQOHLVHQ/DXWYHUQHKPHQGHQPDQDOV$GLHX
GHXWHQPRFKWHXQGOLHIDXVGHP+DXVH
(VZDU]HKQ0LQXWHQYRUDFKW8KUDOVHUGHQ9RUJDUWHQSDVVLHUWH
GLHNOHLQHURWH9LOOD]XUFNOLH‰XQGQDFKUHFKWVGLHZLQWHUOLFKH$OOHH
HQWODQJ]XKDVWHQEHJDQQ«=HKQQHXQDFKW0LQXWHQQXUQRFK8QG
GHU:HJZDUZHLW8QGPDQNRQQWHYRU1HEHONDXPVHKHQZLHZHLW
PDQJHNRPPHQZDU(U]RJLKQHLQXQGVWLH‰LKQZLHGHUDXVGLHVHQ
GLFNHQHLVNDOWHQ1HEHOPLWGHUJDQ]HQ.UDIWVHLQHUVFKPDOHQ%UXVW
VWHPPWHGLH=XQJHJHJHQGHQ=DKQGHUYRP .DNDR QRFK EUDQQWH


XQGWDWGHQ0XVNHOQVHLQHU%HLQHHLQHXQVLQQLJH*HZDOWDQ(UZDU
LQ 6FKZHL‰ JHEDGHW XQG IKOWH VLFK GHQQRFK HUIURUHQ LQ MHGHP
*OLHGH ,Q VHLQHQ 6HLWHQ ILQJ HV DQ ]X VWHFKHQ 'DV EL‰FKHQ
)UKVWFN UHYROWLHUWH LQ VHLQHP 0DJHQ EHL GLHVHP
0RUJHQVSD]LHUJDQJLKPZDUGEHOXQGVHLQ+HU]ZDUQXUQRFKHLQ
EHEHQGHVXQGKDOWORVIODWWHUQGHV'LQJGDVLKPGHQ$WHPQDKP
'DV%XUJWRUGDV%XUJWRUHUVWXQGGDEHLZDUHVYLHU0LQXWHQYRU
DFKW:lKUHQGHUVLFKLQNDOWHU7UDQVSLUDWLRQLQ6FKPHU]hEHONHLW
XQG1RWGXUFKGLH6WUD‰HQNlPSIWHVSlKWHHUQDFKDOOHQ6HLWHQRE
QLFKWYLHOOHLFKWQRFKDQGHUH6FKOHU]XVHKHQVHLHQ«1HLQQHLQHV
NDPQLHPDQGPHKU$OOHZDUHQDQ2UWXQG6WHOOHXQGGDEHJDQQHV
DXFK VFKRQ DFKW 8KU ]X VFKODJHQ 'LH *ORFNHQ NODQJHQ GXUFK GHQ
1HEHOYRQDOOHQ7UPHQXQGGLHMHQLJHQYRQ6DQNW0DULHQVSLHOWHQ
]XU )HLHU GHV $XJHQEOLFNV VRJDU ª1XQ GDQNHW DOOH *RWW©« 6LH
VSLHOWHQ HV JUXQGIDOVFK ZLH +DQQR UDVHQG YRU 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ
NRQVWDWLHUWH VLH KDWWHQ NHLQH $KQXQJ YRQ 5K\WKPXV XQG ZDUHQ
K|FKVWPDQJHOKDIWJHVWLPPW«$EHUGDVZDUQXQGDVZHQLJVWHGDV
ZHQLJVWH -D HU NDP ]X VSlW HV ZDU ZRKO NHLQH )UDJH PHKU 'LH
6FKXOXKU ZDU HLQ ZHQLJ LP 5FNVWDQGH DEHU HU NDP GHQQRFK ]X
VSlW HV ZDU VLFKHU (U VWDUUWH GHQ /HXWHQ LQV *HVLFKW GLH DQ LKP
YRUEHUJLQJHQ 6LH EHJDEHQ VLFK LQ LKUH &RPSWRLUV XQG DQ LKUH
*HVFKlIWHVLHHLOWHQJDUQLFKWVHKUXQGQLFKWVGURKWHLKQHQ0DQFKH
HUZLGHUWHQ VHLQHQ QHLGLVFKHQ XQG NODJHQGHQ %OLFN PXVWHUWHQ VHLQH
DXIJHO|VWH(UVFKHLQXQJXQGOlFKHOWHQ(UZDUDX‰HUVLFKEHUGLHVHV
/lFKHOQ :DV GDFKWHQ VLH VLFK XQG ZLH EHXUWHLOWHQ GLHVH
8QJHlQJVWLJWHQ GLH 6DFKODJH" (V EHUXKW DXI 5RKHLW KlWWH HU LKQHQ
]XVFKUHLHQ P|JHQ ,KU /lFKHOQ PHLQH +HUUVFKDIWHQ 6LH N|QQWHQ
EHGHQNHQGD‰HVLQQLJZQVFKHQVZHUWZlUHYRUGHPJHVFKORVVHQHQ
+RIWRUHWRWXP]XIDOOHQ«
'DV DQKDOWHQG JHOOHQGH .OLQJHOQ GDV =HLFKHQ ]XP %HJLQQH GHU
0RQWDJVDQGDFKW VFKOXJ DQ VHLQ 2KU DOV HU QRFK ]ZDQ]LJ 6FKULWWH
YRQGHUODQJHQURWHQYRQ]ZHLJX‰HLVHUQHQ3IRUWHQXQWHUEURFKHQHQ
0DXHU HQWIHUQW ZDU GLH GHQ YRUGHUHQ 6FKXOKRI YRQ GHU 6WUD‰H
WUHQQWH 2KQH EHU LUJHQGZHOFKH .UlIWH ]XP $XVVFKUHLWHQ XQG
/DXIHQ PHKU ]X YHUIJHQ OLH‰ HU VHLQHQ 2EHUN|USHU HLQIDFK QDFK
YRUQH IDOOHQ ZREHL GLH %HLQH ZRKO RGHU EHO GDV +LQVWU]HQ
YHUKLQGHUQ PX‰WHQ LQGHP VLH VLFK VWROSHUQG XQG VFKORWWHUQG


HEHQIDOOV YRUZlUWV EHZHJWHQ XQG JHODQJWH VR YRU GLH HUVWH 3IRUWH
DOVGDV.OLQJHOQVFKRQYHUVWXPPWZDU
+HUU 6FKOHPLHO GHU .XVWRV HLQ XQWHUVHW]WHU 0DQQ PLW
UDXKElUWLJHP $UEHLWHUJHVLFKW ZDU HEHQ LP %HJULII VLH ]X
YHUVFKOLH‰HQ ª1D«© VDJWH HU XQG OLH‰ GHQ 6FKOHU %XGGHQEURRN
KLQGXUFKVFKOSIHQ« 9LHOOHLFKW YLHOOHLFKW ZDU HU JHUHWWHW (V JDOW
VLFK XQJHVHKHQ LQV .ODVVHQ]LPPHU ]X VWHKOHQ GRUW KHLPOLFK GDV
(QGH GHU $QGDFKW DE]XZDUWHQ GLH LQ GHU 7XUQKDOOH DEJHKDOWHQ
ZXUGH XQG ]X WXQ DOV RE DOOHV LQ 2UGQXQJ VHL 8QG PLW .HXFKHQ
QDFK /XIW ULQJHQG DXIJHULHEHQ XQG LQ NDOWHP 6FKZHL‰H HUVWDUUW
VFKOHSSWHHUVLFKEHUGHQPLWURWHQ.OLQNHUQJHSIODVWHUWHQ+RIXQG
GXUFK HLQH GHU KEVFKHQ PLW EXQWHQ *ODVVFKHLEHQ YHUVHKHQHQ
.ODSSWUHQLQV,QQHUH«
(VZDUDOOHVQHXUHLQOLFKXQG VFK|Q KLHULQ GHU $QVWDOW 'HU =HLW
ZDU LKU 5HFKW JHZRUGHQ XQG GLH JUDXHQ XQG DOWHUVPRUVFKHQ 7HLOH
GHUHKHPDOLJHQ.ORVWHUVFKXOHLQGHQHQQRFKGLH9lWHUGHUMHW]LJHQ
*HQHUDWLRQ GHU :LVVHQVFKDIW JHSIORJHQ KDWWHQ ZDUHQ GHU (UGH
JOHLFKJHPDFKW XP QHXH OXIWLJH SUlFKWLJH %DXOLFKNHLWHQ DQ LKUHU
6WHOOHHUVWHKHQ]XODVVHQ'HU6WLOGHV*DQ]HQZDUJHZDKUWZRUGHQ
XQG EHU .RUULGRUHQ XQG .UHX]JlQJHQ VSDQQWHQ VLFK IHLHUOLFK GLH
JRWLVFKHQ*HZ|OEH:DVDEHUGLH%HOHXFKWXQJXQG+HL]XQJZDVGLH
*HUlXPLJNHLW XQG +HOOLJNHLW GHU .ODVVHQ GLH %HKDJOLFKNHLW GHU
/HKUHU]LPPHU GLH SUDNWLVFKH (LQULFKWXQJ GHU 6lOH IU &KHPLH
3K\VLN XQG =HLFKHQXQWHUULFKW EHWUDI VR KHUUVFKWH GHU YROOVWH
.RPIRUWGHU1HX]HLW«
'HU HUVFK|SIWH +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN GUFNWH VLFK DQ GHU :DQG
HQWODQJ XQG EOLFNWHXP VLFK« 1HLQ JHSULHVHQ VHL *RWW HV VDK LKQ
QLHPDQG9RQIHUQHQ.RUULGRUHQKDOOWHGDV*HZKOGHU6FKOHUXQG
/HKUHUPDVVH]XLKPKHUGLHVLFK]XU7XUQKDOOHZlO]WHXPGRUWIU
GLH $UEHLW GHU :RFKH HLQH NOHLQH UHOLJL|VH 6WlUNXQJ ]X VLFK ]X
QHKPHQ+LHUYRUQODJDOOHVWRWXQGVWLOOXQGDXFKGHU:HJEHUGLH
EUHLWH PLW /LQROHXP JHGHFNWH 7UHSSH ZDU IUHL %HKXWVDP DXI GHQ
=HKHQVSLW]HQYHUKDOWHQHQ$WHPVXQGDQJHVSDQQWODXVFKHQGVFKOLFK
HU KLQDXI 6HLQ .ODVVHQ]LPPHU GLH 5HDO8QWHUVHNXQGD ZDU LP
HUVWHQ 6WRFNZHUN GHU 7UHSSH JHJHQEHU JHOHJHQ GLH 7U VWDQG
RIIHQ $XI GHU REHUVWHQ 6WXIH VSlKWH HU YRUJHEHXJW GHQ ODQJHQ
:DQGHOJDQJ HQWODQJ DQ GHVVHQ EHLGHQ 6HLWHQ VLFK GLH PLW


3RU]HOODQVFKLOGHUQ YHUVHKHQHQ (LQJlQJH ]X GHQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQ
.ODVVHQUHLKWHQWDW GUHLUDVFKH JHUlXVFKORVH 6FKULWWH YRUZlUWVXQG
EHIDQGVLFKLP=LPPHU
(V ZDU OHHU 'LH GUHL EUHLWHQ )HQVWHU ZDUHQ QRFK YHUKDQJHQ XQG
GLH EUHQQHQGHQ *DVODPSHQ GLH YRQ GHU 'HFNH QLHGHUKLQJHQ
NRFKWHQ OHLVH LQ GHU 6WLOOH *UQH 6FKLUPH EUHLWHWHQ GDV /LFKW EHU
GLH GUHL .RORQQHQ ]ZHLVLW]LJHU 3XOWElQNH DXV KHOOHP +RO]H KLQ
GHQHQGXQNHOOHKUKDIWXQGUHVHUYLHUWPLWHLQHU:DQGWDIHO]XVHLQHQ
+lXSWHQ GDV .DWKHGHU JHJHQEHUVWDQG (LQH JHOEH +RO]WlIHOXQJ
EHNOHLGHWH GHQ XQWHUHQ 7HLO GHU :lQGH XQG GDUEHU ZDUHQ GLH
QDFNWHQ .DONIOlFKHQ PLW HLQ SDDU /DQGNDUWHQ JHVFKPFNW (LQH
]ZHLWH7DIHOOHKQWHDXIHLQHU6WDIIHOHL]XU6HLWHGHV.DWKHGHUV
+DQQR JLQJ ]X VHLQHP 3ODW] GHU VLFK XQJHIlKU LQPLWWHQ GHV
=LPPHUV EHIDQG VFKRE GLH 0DSSH LQV )DFK VDQN DXI GHQ KDUWHQ
6LW]OHJWHGLH$UPHDXIGLHVFKUlJH3ODWWHXQGEHWWHWHVHLQHQ.RSI
GDUDXI (LQ XQVlJOLFKHV :RKOJHIKO GXUFKULHVHOWH LKQ 'LHVH NDKOH
XQG KDUWH 6WXEH ZDU Kl‰OLFK XQG KDVVHQVZHUW XQG DXI VHLQHP
+HU]HQODVWHWHGHUJDQ]HGURKHQGH9RUPLWWDJPLWWDXVHQG*HIDKUHQ
$EHU HU ZDUGRFKIUV HUVWH LQ 6LFKHUKHLW ZDU N|USHUOLFK JHERUJHQ
XQG NRQQWH GLH 'LQJH DQ VLFK KHUDQNRPPHQ ODVVHQ $XFK ZDU GLH
HUVWH GLH 5HOLJLRQVVWXQGH EHL +HUUQ %DOOHUVWHGW ]LHPOLFK KDUPORVHU
1DWXU« $Q GHP 9LEULHUHQ GHV 3DSLHU]QJOHLQV GRUW REHQ YRU GHU
NUHLVUXQGHQ gIIQXQJ LQ GHU :DQG VDK PDQ ZLH ZDUPH /XIW
KHUHLQVWU|PWH XQG DXFK GLH *DVIODPPHQ KHL]WHQ GHQ 5DXP $FK
PDQNRQQWHVLFKVWUHFNHQXQGGLHVWDUUIHXFKWHQ*OLHGHUODQJVDPVLFK
O|VHQXQGDXIWDXHQODVVHQ(LQHZRKOLJHXQGXQJHVXQGH+LW]HVWLHJ
LQ VHLQHQ .RSI KLQDXI VXPPWH LQ VHLQHQ 2KUHQ XQG YHUVFKOHLHUWH
VHLQH$XJHQ«
3O|W]OLFK YHUQDKP HU KLQWHU VLFK HLQ *HUlXVFK GDV LKQ
]XVDPPHQ]XFNHQ XQG VLFK MlK KHUXPZHQGHQ OLH‰« 8QG VLHKH GD
KLQWHU GHU KLQWHUVWHQ %DQN NDP GHU 2EHUN|USHU .DLV GHV *UDIHQ
0|OOQ]XP9RUVFKHLQ(UNURFKKHUYRUGHUMXQJH+HUUHUDUEHLWHWH
VLFK KHUDXV VWHOOWH VLFK DXI GLH )‰H VFKOXJ OHLFKW XQG VFKQHOO GLH
+lQGHJHJHQHLQDQGHUXPGHQ6WDXEGDYRQDE]XVWUHLIHQXQGVFKULWW
VWUDKOHQGHQ $QJHVLFKWV DXI +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN ]X ª$FK GX ELVW
HV +DQQR© VDJWH HU ª8QG LFK ]RJ PLFK GRUWKLQ ]XUFN ZHLO LFK
GLFKIUHLQ6WFN/HKUN|USHUKLHOWDOVGXNDPVW©


6HLQH 6WLPPH EUDFK VLFK EHLP 6SUHFKHQ PHUNOLFK LP :HFKVHO
EHJULIIHQZDVEHLVHLQHP)UHXQGHQRFKQLFKWGHU)DOOZDU(UZDULQ
JOHLFKHP 0D‰H JHZDFKVHQ ZLH GLHVHU DEHU VRQVW ZDU HU JDQ] XQG
JDU GHUVHOEH JHEOLHEHQ ,PPHU QRFK WUXJ HU HLQHQ $Q]XJ YRQ
XQEHVWLPPWHU)DUEHDQGHPKLHXQGGDHLQ.QRSIIHKOWHXQGGHVVHQ
*HVl‰YRQHLQHPJUR‰HQ)OLFNHQJHELOGHWZDUG,PPHUQRFKZDUHQ
VHLQH +lQGH QLFKW JDQ] UHLQOLFK DEHU VFKPDO XQG DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK
HGHO JHELOGHW PLWODQJHQ VFKODQNHQ )LQJHUQ XQG VSLW] ]XODXIHQGHQ
1lJHOQ8QGLPPHUQRFKILHOVHLQIOFKWLJLQGHU0LWWHJHVFKHLWHOWHV
U|WOLFKJHOEHV+DDULQHLQHDODEDVWHUZHL‰HXQGPDNHOORVH6WLUQXQWHU
ZHOFKHU WLHI XQG VFKDUI ]XJOHLFK GLH KHOOEODXHQ $XJHQ EOLW]WHQ«
'HU*HJHQVDW]]ZLVFKHQVHLQHUDUJYHUQDFKOlVVLJWHQ7RLOHWWHXQGGHU
5DVVHUHLQKHLW GLHVHV ]DUWNQRFKLJHQ *HVLFKWV PLW GHU JDQ] OHLFKW
JHERJHQHQ 1DVH XQG GHU HLQ ZHQLJ JHVFKU]WHQ 2EHUOLSSH VSUDQJ
MHGRFK PHKU LQ GLH $XJHQ DOV HKHPDOV ª1HLQ .DL© VDJWH +DQQR
PLWYHU]RJHQHP0XQGHXQGLQGHPHUHLQH+DQGLQGHU*HJHQGGHV
+HU]HQV XPKHUEHZHJWH ªZLH NDQQVW GX PLFK GHUPD‰HQ
HUVFKUHFNHQ :DUXP ELVW GX KLHU REHQ" :DUXP KDVW GX GLFK
YHUVWHFNW"%LVWGXDXFK]XVSlWJHNRPPHQ"©
ª%HZDKUH© DQWZRUWHWH .DL ª,FK ELQ VFKRQ ODQJH KLHU« $P
0RQWDJPRUJHQNDQQPDQHVMDQLFKWHUZDUWHQHQGOLFKZLHGHULQGLH
$QVWDOW]XJHODQJHQZLHGXVHOEVWDPEHVWHQZHL‰WPHLQ/LHEHU«
1HLQ LFK ELQ QXU ]XP 6SD‰ KLHU REHQ JHEOLHEHQ 'HU WLHIH
2EHUOHKUHU KDWWH GLH $XIVLFKW XQG DFKWHWH HV QLFKW IU 5DXE GDV
9RON ]XU $QGDFKW KLQXQWHU]XWUHLEHQ 'D PDFKWH LFK HV VR GD‰ LFK
PLFK LPPHU GLFKW KLQWHU VHLQHP 5FNHQ KLHOW« :LH HU VLFK DXFK
GUHKWHXQGXPVLFKOXJWHGHU0\VWLNHULFKZDULPPHUGLFKWKLQWHU
VHLQHP 5FNHQ ELV HU ZHJJLQJ XQG VR NRQQWH LFK REHQ EOHLEHQ«
$EHU GX© VDJWH HU PLWOHLGLJ XQG VHW]WH VLFK PLW HLQHU ]lUWOLFKHQ
%HZHJXQJ QHEHQ +DQQR DXI GLH %DQN« ª'X KDVW UHQQHQ PVVHQ
ZLH" $UPHU 'X VLHKVW JDQ] YHUKHW]W DXV 'DV +DDU NOHEW GLU MD DQ
GHQ6FKOlIHQ«©8QG HU QDKP HLQ /LQHDO YRP 7LVFKH XQGORFNHUWH
GDPLW HUQVW XQG VRUJVDP GDV +DDU GHV NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ ª'X KDVW
DOVR GLH =HLW YHUVFKODIHQ"« hEULJHQV VLW]H LFK KLHU DXI $GROI
7RGWHQKDXSWV 3ODW]© XQWHUEUDFK HU VLFK XQG EOLFNWH XP VLFK ªDXI
GHV 3ULPXV JHZHLKWHP 3ODW]H 1XQ IU GLHVPDO PDFKW HV ZRKO
QLFKWV«'XKDVWDOVRGLH=HLWYHUVFKODIHQ"©


+DQQRKDWWHVHLQ*HVLFKWZLHGHUDXIGLHJHNUHX]WHQ$UPHJHEHWWHW
ª,FK ZDU MD LP 7KHDWHU JHVWHUQ DEHQG© VDJWH HU QDFK HLQHP
VFKZHUHQ6HXI]HUª2KULFKWLJGDVKDWWHLFKYHUJHVVHQ«:DUHVVR
VFK|Q"©
.DL EHNDP NHLQH $QWZRUW ª'X KDVW HV GRFK JXW© IXKU HU
EHUUHGHQG IRUW ªGDV VROOWHVW GX EHGHQNHQ +DQQR 6LHK LFK ELQ
QRFKQLHLP7KHDWHUJHZHVHQXQGHVEHVWHKWDXIODQJH-DKUHKLQDXV
QLFKWGLHJHULQJVWH$XVVLFKWGD‰LFKMHPDOVKLQHLQNRPPH«©
ª:HQQ QXU GHU .DW]HQMDPPHU QLFKW ZlUH© VDJWH +DQQR JHSUH‰W
ª-DGHQ=XVWDQGNHQQHLFKRKQHKLQ©8QG.DLEFNWHVLFKQDFKGHP
+XW XQG GHP hEHU]LHKHU VHLQHV )UHXQGHV GLH QHEHQ GHU %DQN DXI
GHP %RGHQ ODJHQ QDKP GLH 6DFKHQ XQG WUXJ VLH OHLVH DXI GHQ
.RUULGRU KLQDXV ª'DQQ KDVW GX GLH 0HWDPRUSKRVHQ9HUVH ZRKO
QLFKW VHKU JHQDX LP .RSIH"© IUDJWH HU DOV HU ZLHGHU KHUHLQNDP
ª1HLQ© VDJWH +DQQR ª2GHU ELVWGX YLHOOHLFKW DXI GDV *HRJUDSKLH
([WHPSRUDOHSUlSDULHUW"©
ª,FKELQJDUQLFKWVXQGNDQQJDUQLFKWV©VDJWH+DQQRª$OVRDXFK
QLFKW&KHPLHXQG(QJOLVFK$OOULJKW:LUVLQG+HU]HQVIUHXQGHXQG
:DIIHQEUGHU© .DL ZDU VLFKWOLFK HUOHLFKWHUW ª,FK ELQ LQ JHQDX
GHUVHOEHQ/DJH©HUNOlUWHHUPXQWHUª,FKKDEHDP6RQQDEHQGQLFKW
JHDUEHLWHW ZHLO PRUJHQ 6RQQWDJ ZDU XQG DP 6RQQWDJ QLFKW DXV
3LHWlW« 1HLQ 8QVLQQ« KDXSWVlFKOLFK ZHLO LFK HWZDV %HVVHUHV ]X
DUEHLWHQKDWWHQDWUOLFK©VDJWHHUPLWSO|W]OLFKHP(UQVWLQGHPHLQH
OHLFKWH 5|WH VHLQ *HVLFKW EHUIORJ ª-D KHXWH NDQQ HV YHUJQJOLFK
ZHUGHQ+DQQR©
ª:HQQLFKQRFKHLQHQ7DGHOEHNRPPH©VDJWHGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQ
ªVREOHLEHLFKVLW]HQXQGGHQEHNRPPHLFKVLFKHUZHQQHUPLFKLP
/DWHLQLVFKHQ GDUDQQLPPW 'HU %XFKVWDEH % LVW DQ GHU 5HLKH .DL
GDVLVWQLFKWDXVGHU:HOW]XVFKDIIHQ«©
ª:DUWHQZLU¶VDE+D&lVDUJHKWDXV¾0LU KDEHQVWHWV *HIDKUHQ
LP 5FNHQ QXU JHGURKW ZHQQ VLH GLH 6WLUQ GHV &lVDU ZHUGHQ
VHKHQ«½©$EHU.DLNDPPLWVHLQHU'HNODPDWLRQQLFKW]X(QGH(V
ZDU LKP HEHQIDOOV VHKU VFKOHFKW ]XPXWH (U JLQJ ]XP .DWKHGHU
VHW]WH VLFK GDUDXI XQG ILQJ DQ VLFK PLW ILQVWHUHU 0LHQH LQ GHP
$UPVWXKO ]X VFKDXNHOQ +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN OLH‰ VHLQH 6WLUQ QRFK


LPPHU DXI GHQ JHNUHX]WHQ $UPHQ UXKHQ 6R VD‰HQ VLH VLFK HLQH
:HLOHVFKZHLJHQGJHJHQEHU
3O|W]OLFK NODQJ LUJHQGZR LQ ZHLWHU )HUQH HLQ GXPSIHV 6XPPHQ
DXI GDV VFKQHOO ]XP %UDXVHQ ZDUG XQG VLFK ELQQHQ HLQHU KDOEHQ
0LQXWH EHGURKOLFK KHUDQZlO]WH« ª'DV 9RON© VDJWH .DL HUELWWHUW
ª+HUU PHLQ *RWW ZLH UDVFK VLH IHUWLJ VLQG 1LFKW HLQPDO XP ]HKQ
0LQXWHQLVWGLH6WXQGHNU]HUJHZRUGHQ«©
(UVWLHJYRP.DWKHGHUKLQDEXQGEHJDEVLFK]XU7UXPVLFKXQWHU
GLH +HUHLQNRPPHQGHQ ]X PLVFKHQ :DV +DQQR EHWUDI VR HUKRE HU
QXUHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNGHQ.RSIYHU]RJGHQ0XQGXQGEOLHEHLQIDFK
VLW]HQ
(V NDP KHUDQ PLW 6FKOUIHQ 6WDPSIHQ XQG HLQHP *HZLUU YRQ
PlQQOLFKHQ 6WLPPHQ 'LVNDQWHQ XQG VLFK EHUVFKODJHQGHQ
:HFKVHORUJDQHQ IOXWHWH EHU GLH 7UHSSHQ KHUDXI HUJR‰ VLFK EHU
GHQ.RUULGRUXQGVWU|PWHDXFKLQGLHVHV=LPPHUGDVSO|W]OLFKYRQ
/HEHQ%HZHJXQJXQG*HUlXVFKHUIOOWZDUG6LHNDPHQKHUHLQGLH
MXQJHQ /HXWH GLH .DPHUDGHQ +DQQR¶V XQG .DL¶V GLH
5HDOXQWHUVHNXQGDQHU HWZD IQIXQG]ZDQ]LJ DQ GHU =DKO
VFKOHQGHUWHQ GLH +lQGH LQ GHQ +RVHQWDVFKHQ RGHU PLW GHQ $UPHQ
VFKOHQNHUQGDQLKUH3OlW]HXQGVFKOXJHQLKUH%LEHOQDXI(VZDUHQ
GD DQJHQHKPH XQG NRQILV]LHUWH 3K\VLRJQRPLHQ VROFKH GLH ZRKO
XQG JHVXQG XQG DQGHUH GLH EHGHQNOLFK DXVVDKHQ ODQJH VWDUNH
6FKOLQJHOGLHGHPQlFKVW.DXIOHXWHZHUGHQRGHUJDU]XU6HHJHKHQ
ZROOWHQ XQG VLFK XP JDU QLFKWV PHKU NPPHUWHQ XQG NOHLQH EHU
LKU $OWHU KLQDXV YRUJHVFKULWWHQH 6WUHEHU GLH LQ GHQ )lFKHUQ
EULOOLHUWHQLQGHQHQHVDXVZHQGLJ]XOHUQHQJDOW$GROI7RGWHQKDXSW
DEHUGHU3ULPXVZX‰WHDOOHVHUZDUVHLQHU/HEWDJHQRFKQLFKWHLQH
$QWZRUW VFKXOGLJ JHEOLHEHQ 'DV ODJ ]XP 7HLO DQ VHLQHP VWLOOHQ
OHLGHQVFKDIWOLFKHQ )OHL‰H ]XP 7HLO GDUDQ GD‰ GLH /HKUHU VLFK
KWHWHQ LKQ HWZDV ]X IUDJHQ ZDV HU YLHOOHLFKW QLFKW KlWWH ZLVVHQ
N|QQHQ(VKlWWHVLHVFKPHU]OLFKEHUKUWXQGEHVFKlPWHVKlWWHVLH
LQ LKUHP *ODXEHQ DQ PHQVFKOLFKH 9ROONRPPHQKHLW HUVFKWWHUW HLQ
9HUVWXPPHQ $GROI 7RGWHQKDXSWV ]X HUOHEHQ« (U EHVD‰ HLQHQ
PHUNZUGLJJHEXFNHOWHQ6FKlGHOGHPGDVEORQGH+DDUVSLHJHOJODWW
DQJHNOHEW ZDU JUDXH VFKZDU] XPULQJWH $XJHQ XQG ODQJH EUDXQH
+lQGH GLH DXV GHQ ]X NXU]HQ bUPHOQ VHLQHU VDXEHU JHEUVWHWHQ
-DFNH KHUYRUVDKHQ (U VHW]WH VLFK QHEHQ +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN


OlFKHOWH VDQIW XQG HLQ ZHQLJ WFNLVFK XQG ERW GHP 1DFKEDU HLQHQ
*XWHQ0RUJHQZREHLHUVLFKGHPKHUUVFKHQGHQ-DUJRQDQEHTXHPWH
GHU GDV :RUW ]X HLQHP NHFNHQ XQG QDFKOlVVLJHQ /DXWH YHU]HUUWH
'DQQ EHJDQQ HU ZlKUHQG XP LKQ KHU DOOHV KDOEODXW SODXGHUWH VLFK
SUlSDULHUWHJlKQWHXQGODFKWHVWLOOVFKZHLJHQGLQGHP .ODVVHQEXFK
]XDUEHLWHQLQGHPHUGLH)HGHUDXIXQYHUJOHLFKOLFKNRUUHNWH$UWPLW
VFKODQNXQGJHUDGHDXVJHVWUHFNWHQ)LQJHUQKDQGKDEWH
1DFK9HUODXIYRQ]ZHL0LQXWHQZXUGHQGUDX‰HQ6FKULWWHODXWGLH
,QKDEHU GHU YRUGHUHQ %lQNH HUKREHQ VLFK RKQH (LOH YRQ LKUHQ
3OlW]HQ XQG ZHLWHU KLQWHQ IROJWH GLHVHU XQG MHQHU LKUHP %HLVSLHO
ZlKUHQG DQGHUH VLFK LQ LKUHQ %HVFKlIWLJXQJHQ QLFKW VW|UHQ OLH‰HQ
XQGNDXP1RWL]GDYRQQDKPHQGD‰+HUU2EHUOHKUHU%DOOHUVWHGWLQV
=LPPHUNDPVHLQHQ+XWDQGLH7UKlQJWHXQGVLFK]XP.DWKHGHU
EHJDE
(UZDUHLQ9LHU]LJHUYRQV\PSDWKLVFKHP(PERQSRLQWPLWJUR‰HU
*ODW]HU|WOLFKJHOEHPNXU]JHKDOWHQHP9ROOEDUWURVLJHP7HLQWXQG
HLQHP0LVFKDXVGUXFNYRQ6DOEXQJXQGEHKDJOLFKHU6LQQOLFKNHLWXP
GLHIHXFKWHQ/LSSHQ(UQDKPVHLQ1RWL]EXFK]XU+DQGXQGEOlWWHUWH
VFKZHLJHQG GDULQ GD DEHU GLH 5XKH LQ GHU .ODVVH YLHOHV ]X
ZQVFKHQ EULJOLH‰ HUKRE HU GHQ .RSI VWUHFNWH GHQ $UP DXI GHU
3XOWSODWWH DXV XQG EHZHJWH ZlKUHQG VHLQ *HVLFKW ODQJVDP VR
GXQNHOURWDQVFKZROOGD‰VHLQ%DUWKHOOJHOEHUVFKLHQVHLQHVFKZDFKH
XQG ZHL‰H )DXVW HLQ SDDUPDO NUDIWORV DXI XQG QLHGHU ZREHL VHLQH
/LSSHQHLQHKDOEH0LQXWHODQJNUDPSIKDIWXQGIUXFKWORVDUEHLWHWHQ
XPVFKOLH‰OLFKQLFKWVKHUYRU]XEULQJHQDOVHLQNXU]HVJHSUH‰WHVXQG
lFK]HQGHV ª1XQ«© 'DQQ UDQJ HU QRFK HLQH :HLOH QDFK IHUQHUHQ
$XVGUFNHQ GHV 7DGHOV ZDQGWH VLFK VFKOLH‰OLFK ZLHGHU VHLQHP
1RWL]EXFK ]X VFKZROO DE XQG JDE VLFK ]XIULHGHQ 'LHV ZDU VR
2EHUOHKUHU%DOOHQVWHGWV$UWXQG:HLVH
(U KDWWH HKHPDOV 3UHGLJHU ZHUGHQ VROOHQ ZDU GDQQ MHGRFK GXUFK
VHLQH 1HLJXQJ ]XP 6WRWWHUQ ZLH GXUFK VHLQHQ +DQJ ]X ZHOWOLFKHP
:RKOOHEHQ EHVWLPPW ZRUGHQ VLFK OLHEHU GHU 3lGDJRJLN
]X]XZHQGHQ (U ZDU -XQJJHVHOOH EHVD‰ HLQLJHV 9HUP|JHQ WUXJ
HLQHQNOHLQHQ%ULOODQWHQDP)LQJHUXQGZDUGHP(VVHQXQG7ULQNHQ
KHU]OLFK]XJHWDQ(UZDUGHUMHQLJH2EHUOHKUHUGHUQXUGLHQVWOLFKPLW
VHLQHQ 6WDQGHVJHQRVVHQ LP EULJHQ DEHU YRUZLHJHQG PLW GHU
XQYHUKHLUDWHWHQNDXIPlQQLVFKHQ/HEHZHOWGHU6WDGWMDDXFKPLWGHQ


2IIL]LHUHQ GHU *DUQLVRQ YHUNHKUWH WlJOLFK ]ZHLPDO LP HUVWHQ
*DVWKDXVH VSHLVWH XQG 0LWJOLHG GHV .OXEV ZDU %HJHJQHWH HU
JU|‰HUHQ 6FKOHUQ QDFKWV XP ]ZHL RGHU GUHL 8KU LUJHQGZR LQ GHU
6WDGWVRVFKZROOHUDQEUDFKWHHLQHQª*XWHQ0RUJHQ©]XVWDQGHXQG
OLH‰ GLH 6DFKH IU EHLGH 7HLOH DXI VLFK EHUXKHQ« +DQQR
%XGGHQEURRNKDWWHQLFKWVYRQLKP]XEHIUFKWHQXQGZXUGHIDVWQLH
YRQ LKP JHIUDJW 'HU 2EHUOHKUHU KDWWH VLFK PLW VHLQHP 2QNHO
&KULVWLDQ DOO]XRIW LQ DOO]X UHLQ PHQVFKOLFKHU :HLVH
]XVDPPHQJHIXQGHQ DOV GD‰ HV LKQ KlWWH IUHXHQ N|QQHQ PLW GHP
1HIIHQ LQ GLHQVWOLFKH .RQIOLNWH ]X JHUDWHQ« ª1XQ«© VDJWH HU
DEHUPDOV VDK LQ GHU .ODVVH XPKHU EHZHJWH ZLHGHU VHLQH VFKZDFK
JHEDOOWH )DXVW PLW GHP NOHLQHQ %ULOODQWHQ XQG EOLFNWH LQ VHLQ
1RWL]EXFKª3HUOHPDQQ'LHhEHUVLFKW©
,UJHQGZR LQ GHU .ODVVH HUKRE VLFK 3HUOHPDQQ 0DQ PHUNWH HV
NDXP GD‰ HU HPSRUVWLHJ (V ZDU HLQHU YRQ GHQ .OHLQHQ
9RUJHVFKULWWHQHQª'LHhEHUVLFKW©VDJWHHUOHLVHXQGDUWLJLQGHPHU
PLW lQJVWOLFKHP /lFKHOQ GHQ .RSI YRUVWUHFNWH ª'DV %XFK +LRE
]HUIlOOWLQGUHL7HLOH(UVWHQVGHU=XVWDQG+LREVHKHHULQGDV.UHX]
RGHU=FKWLJXQJGHV+HUUQJHUDWHQ.DSLWHOHLQV9HUVHLQVELVVHFKV
=ZHLWHQV GDV .UHX] VHOEVW XQG ZDV VLFK GDEHL ]XJHWUDJHQ
.DSLWHO«©
ª(V ZDU ULFKWLJ 3HUOHPDQQ© XQWHUEUDFK LKQ +HUU %DOOHUVWHGW
JHUKUWYRQVRYLHO]DJHU:LOOIlKULJNHLWXQGVFKULHEHLQHJXWH1RWH
LQVHLQ7DVFKHQEXFKª+HLQULF\IDKUHQ6LHIRUW©
+HLQULF\ ZDU HLQHU YRQ GHQ ODQJHQ 6FKOLQJHOQ GLH VLFK XP JDU
QLFKWVPHKUNPPHUWHQ(UVFKREGDVJULIIHVWH0HVVHU PLW GHP HU
VLFK EHVFKlIWLJW KDWWH LQ GLH +RVHQWDVFKH VWDQG JHUlXVFKYROO DXI
OLH‰GLH8QWHUOLSSHKlQJHQXQGUlXVSHUWHVLFKPLWUDXKHU XQG URKHU
0lQQHUVWLPPH$OOHZDUHQXQ]XIULHGHQGD‰QXQHUVWDWWGHVVDQIWHQ
3HUOHPDQQDQGLH5HLKHNDP'LH6FKOHUWUlXPWHQXQGEUWHWHQLQ
GHU ZDUPHQ 6WXEH XQWHU GHQ OHLVH VDXVHQGHQ *DVIODPPHQ LP
+DOEVFKODIH YRU VLFK KLQ $OOH ZDUHQ PGH YRP 6RQQWDJ XQG DOOH
ZDUHQ DQ GHP NDOWHQ 1HEHOPRUJHQ VHXI]HQG XQG PLW NODSSHUQGHQ
=lKQHQ DXV GHQ ZDUPHQ %HWWHQ JHNURFKHQ -HGHP ZlUH HV OLHE
JHZHVHQ ZHQQ GHU NOHLQH 3HUOHPDQQ GLH JDQ]H 6WXQGH ODQJ
ZHLWHUJHVlXVHOW KlWWH ZlKUHQG +HLQULF\ QXQ VLFKHUOLFK 6WUHLW


PDFKHQ ZUGH« ª,FK KDEH JHIHKOW DOV GLHV GXUFKJHQRPPHQ
ZXUGH©VDJWHHUPLWJUREHU%HWRQXQJ
+HUU %DOOHUVWHGW VFKZROO DQ HU EHZHJWH VHLQH VFKZDFKH )DXVW
DUEHLWHWH PLW GHQ /LSSHQ XQG VWDUUWH GHP MXQJHQ +HLQULF\ PLW
HPSRUJH]RJHQHQ $XJHQEUDXHQ LQV *HVLFKW 6HLQ GXQNHOURWHU .RSI
]LWWHUWH YRU ULQJHQGHU $QVWUHQJXQJ ELV HU VFKOLH‰OLFK HLQ ª1XQ«©
KHUYRU]XVWR‰HQYHUPRFKWHZRPLWGHU%DQQJHEURFKHQXQGGDV6SLHO
JHZRQQHQZDUª9RQ,KQHQLVWQLHHLQH/HLVWXQJ]XHUODQJHQ©IXKU
HUPLW/HLFKWLJNHLWXQG5HGHJHZDQGWKHLWIRUWªXQGLPPHUKDEHQ6LH
HLQH (QWVFKXOGLJXQJ EHL GHU +DQG +HLQULF\ :HQQ 6LH YRULJH
6WXQGH NUDQN ZDUHQ VR KlWWHQ 6LH VLFK GRFK LQ GLHVHQ 7DJHQ VHKU
ZRKO EHU GDV GXUFKJHQRPPHQH 3HQVXP XQWHUULFKWHQ N|QQHQ XQG
ZHQQ GHU HUVWH7HLO YRP =XVWDQGH YRU GHP .UHX]H XQG GHU ]ZHLWH
YRP .UHX]H VHOEVW KDQGHOW VR N|QQWHQ 6LH VLFK DP (QGH DQ GHQ
)LQJHUQDE]lKOHQGD‰GHUGULWWH7HLOGHQ=XVWDQGQDFKYRUEHVDJWHP
-DPPHUEHWULIIW$EHUHVIHKOW,KQHQDQGHUUHFKWHQ+LQJHEXQJXQG
6LH VLQG QLFKW DOOHLQ HLQ VFKZDFKHU 0HQVFK 6LH VLQG DXFK LPPHU
EHUHLW ,KUH 6FKZlFKH ]X EHVFK|QLJHQ XQG ]X YHUWHLGLJHQ 0HUNHQ
6LH VLFK DEHU GD‰ VRODQJH GLHV GHU )DOO DQ HLQH (UKHEXQJ XQG
%HVVHUXQJ QLFKW ]X GHQNHQ LVW +HLQULF\ 6HW]HQ 6LH VLFK
:DVVHUYRJHOIDKUHQ6LHIRUW©
+HLQULF\ GLFNIHOOLJ XQG WURW]LJ VHW]WH VLFK PLW 6FKDUUHQ XQG
.QDUUHQ UDXQWH VHLQHP 1DFKEDUQ HLQH )UHFKKHLW ]X XQG ]RJ VHLQ
JULIIHVWHV0HVVHUZLHGHUKHUYRU'HU6FKOHU:DVVHUYRJHOVWDQGDXI
HLQ -XQJH PLW HQW]QGHWHQ $XJHQ DXIJHVWOSWHU 1DVH DEVWHKHQGHQ
2KUHQ XQG ]HUNDXWHQ )LQJHUQlJHOQ (U YROOHQGHWH PLW ZHLFKOLFKHU
4XHWVFKVWLPPH GLH hEHUVLFKW© XQG ILQJ DQ YRQ +LRE GHP 0DQQH
LP/DQGH8]]XHU]lKOHQXQGZDVVLFKPLWLKPEHJHEHQ(UKDWWH
GDV $OWH 7HVWDPHQW KLQWHU GHP 5FNHQ VHLQHV 9RUGHUPDQQHV
DXIJHVFKODJHQ ODV GDULQ PLW GHP $XVGUXFN YROOHQGHWHU 8QVFKXOG
XQGKLQJHEHQGHU1DFKGHQNOLFKNHLWVWDUUWHGDQQDXIHLQHQ3XQNWGHU
:DQG XQG VSUDFK LQGHP HU GDV (UVFKDXWH XQWHU 6WRFNHQ XQG
TXlNHQGHP+XVWHQLQHLQKLOIORVHVPRGHUQHV'HXWVFKEHUVHW]WH«
(U KDWWH HWZDV lX‰HUVW :LGHUOLFKHV DQ VLFK DEHU +HUU %DOOHUVWHGW
OREWHLKQVHKUIUDOOHVHLQH%HPKXQJHQ'HU6FKOHU:DVVHUYRJHO
KDWWHHVLQVRIHUQJXWLP/HEHQDOVGLHPHLVWHQ/HKUHULKQJHUQXQG
EHUVHLQH9HUGLHQVWH OREWHQ XP LKP VLFK VHOEVW XQG GHQ DQGHUHQ


]X ]HLJHQ GD‰ VLH VLFK GXUFK VHLQH +l‰OLFKNHLW NHLQHVZHJV ]XU
8QJHUHFKWLJNHLWYHUIXKUHQOLH‰HQ«
8QGGLH5HOLJLRQVVWXQGHQDKPLKUHQ)RUWJDQJ9HUVFKLHGHQHMXQJH
/HXWH ZXUGHQ QRFKDXIJHUXIHQ XP VLFK EHU LKU :LVVHQ XP +LRE
GHQ0DQQLP/DQGH8]DXV]XZHLVHQXQG*RWWOLHE.D‰EDXP6RKQ
GHV YHUXQJOFNWHQ *UR‰NDXIPDQQV .D‰EDXP HUKLHOW WURW] VHLQHU
]HUUWWHWHQ )DPLOLHQYHUKlOWQLVVH HLQH YRU]JOLFKH 1RWH ZHLO HU PLW
*HQDXLJNHLW IHVWVWHOOHQ NRQQWH GD‰ +LRE DQ 9LHK VLHEHQWDXVHQG
6FKDIH GUHLWDXVHQG .DPHOH IQIKXQGHUW -RFK 5LQGHU IQIKXQGHUW
(VHOXQGVHKUYLHO*HVLQGHEHVHVVHQKDEH
'DQQGXUIWHQGLH%LEHOQDXIJHVFKODJHQZHUGHQGLHPHLVWHQVVFKRQ
DXIJHVFKODJHQZDUHQXQGPDQIXKUPLW/HVHQIRUW.DPHLQH6WHOOH
GLH+HUUQ%DOOHUVWHGWGHU(UOlXWHUXQJEHGUIWLJHUVFKLHQVRVFKZROO
HU DQ VDJWH ª1XQ«© XQG KLHOW QDFK GHQ EOLFKHQ 9RUEHUHLWXQJHQ
HLQHQ NOHLQHQ PLW DOOJHPHLQHQ PRUDOLVFKHQ %HWUDFKWXQJHQ
XQWHUPLVFKWHQ 9RUWUDJ EHU GHQ IUDJOLFKHQ 3XQNW .HLQ 0HQVFK
K|UWH LKP ]X )ULHGH XQG 6FKOlIULJNHLW KHUUVFKWHQ LP =LPPHU 'LH
+LW]H ZDU GXUFK GLH EHVWlQGLJ DUEHLWHQGH +HL]XQJ XQG GLH
*DVODPSHQVFKRQ]LHPOLFKVWDUNJHZRUGHQXQGGLH/XIWGXUFKGLHVH
IQIXQG]ZDQ]LJ DWPHQGHQ XQG GQVWHQGHQ .|USHU VFKRQ ]LHPOLFK
YHUGRUEHQ 'LH :lUPH GDV JHOLQGH 6DXVHQ GHU )ODPPHQ XQG GLH
PRQRWRQH6WLPPHGHV9RUOHVHQGHQOHJWHQVLFKXPGLHJHODQJZHLOWHQ
*HKLUQH XQG OXOOWHQ VLH LQ GXPSIH 7UDXPVHOLJNHLW .DL *UDI 0|OOQ
KDWWH DX‰HU VHLQHU %LEHO DXFK GLH ¾8QEHJUHLIOLFKHQ (UHLJQLVVH XQG
JHKHLPQLVYROOHQ7DWHQ½YRQ(GJDU$OODQ3RHYRUVLFKDXIJHVFKODJHQ
XQGODVGDULQGHQ.RSILQGLHDULVWRNUDWLVFKHXQGQLFKWJDQ]VDXEHUH
+DQG JHVWW]W +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN VD‰ ]XUFNJHOHKQW XQG
]XVDPPHQJHVXQNHQ XQG EOLFNWH PLW VFKODIIHP 0XQGH XQG
VFKZLPPHQGHQ KHL‰HQ $XJHQ DXI GDV %XFK +LRE GHVVHQ =HLOHQ
XQG %XFKVWDEHQ ]X HLQHP VFKZlU]OLFKHQ *HZLPPHO
YHUVFKZDPPHQ0DQFKPDOZHQQHUVLFKGHV*UDOPRWLYHVRGHUGHV
*DQJHV ]XP 0QVWHU HULQQHUWH VHQNWH HU ODQJVDP GLH /LGHU XQG
IKOWHHLQLQQHUOLFKHV6FKOXFK]HQ8QG VHLQ +HU] EHWHWH HV P|FKWH
P|JOLFK VHLQ GD‰ GLHVH JHIDKUORVH XQG IULHGHYROOH 0RUJHQVWXQGH
QLHPDOVHLQ(QGHQlKPH
8QGGHQQRFKNDPHVZLHHVLQGHU2UGQXQJGHU'LQJHODJXQGGHU
VFKULOO KHXOHQGH .ODQJ GHU .XVWRVJORFNH GHU GXUFK GLH .RUULGRUH


JHOOWHXQGKDOOWHUL‰GLHIQIXQG]ZDQ]LJ*HKLUQHDXVLKUHPZDUPHQ
'lPPHUQ ª6R ZHLW© VDJWH +HUU %DOOHUVWHGW XQG OLH‰ VLFK GDV
.ODVVHQEXFK UHLFKHQ XP GDULQ PLW VHLQHP 1DPHQV]HLFKHQ ]X
EHVFKHLQLJHQGD‰HUGLHVH6WXQGHVHLQHV$PWHVJHZDOWHW
+DQQR %XGGHQEURRN VFKOR‰ VHLQH %LEHO XQG UHFNWH VLFK ]LWWHUQG
XQG PLW QHUY|VHP *lKQHQ DOV HU DEHU GLH $UPH VHQNWH XQG GLH
*OLHGHU DEVSDQQWH PX‰WH HU HLOLJ XQG PKVDP DXIDWPHQ XP VHLQ
+HU] GDV HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN VFKZDFK XQG ZDQNHQG GHQ 'LHQVW
YHUVDJWHHLQZHQLJLQ7DNW]XEULQJHQ-HW]WNDPGDV/DWHLQLVFKH«
(U ZDUI HLQHQ KLOIHVXFKHQGHQ 6HLWHQEOLFN ]X .DL KLQEHU GHU GDV
(QGHGHU6WXQGHJDUQLFKWEHPHUNW]XKDEHQVFKLHQXQGLPPHUQRFK
LQ9HUVXQNHQKHLWVHLQHU3ULYDWOHNWUHREODJ]RJGHQLQPDUPRULHUWH
3DSSHJHEXQGHQHQ2YLGDXVVHLQHU0DSSHXQGVFKOXJGLH9HUVHDXI
GLH IU KHXWH DXVZHQGLJ ]X OHUQHQ ZDUHQ« 1HLQ HV JDE NHLQH
+RIIQXQJ GLHVH VFKZDU]HQ =HLOHQ GLH VLFK PLW %OHLVWLIW]HLFKHQ
YHUVHKHQ VFKQXUJHUDGH XQG ]X IQIHQ QXPHULHUW DQHLQDQGHUUHLKWHQ
XQGLKQVRKRIIQXQJVORVGXQNHOXQGXQEHNDQQWDQVWDUUWHQVLFKMHW]W
QRFK HLQ ZHQLJ YHUWUDXW ]X PDFKHQ (U YHUVWDQG NDXP LKUHQ 6LQQ
JHVFKZHLJH GHQQ KlWWH HU HLQH HLQ]LJH GDYRQ DXV GHP .RSIH
KHUVDJHQN|QQHQ8QGYRQGHQMHQLJHQGLHVLFKGDUDQVFKORVVHQXQG
GLHIUKHXWH]XSUlSDULHUHQZDUHQHQWUlWVHOWHHUQLFKWHLQ6lW]FKHQ
ª:DVKHL‰WGHQQ¾GHFLGHUDQWSDWXOD-RYLVDUERUHJODQGHV½"©ZDQGWH
HU VLFK PLW YHU]ZHLIHOWHU 6WLPPH DQ $GROI 7RGWHQKDXSW GHU QHEHQ
LKP LP .ODVVHQEXFK DUEHLWHWH ª'DV LVW MD DOOHV 8QVLQQ 1XU XP
HLQHQ]XVFKLNDQLHUHQ«©
ª:LH"© VDJWH 7RGWHQKDXSW XQG IXKU IRUW ]X VFKUHLEHQ« ª'LH
(LFKHOQ YRP %DXP GHV -XSLWHU« 'DV LVW GLH (LFKH« -D LFK ZHL‰
VHOEVWQLFKWUHFKW«©
ª6DJH PLU QXU HLQ EL‰FKHQ ]X 7RGWHQKDXSW ZHQQ LFK
GDUDQNRPPH© EDW +DQQR XQG VFKRE GDV %XFK YRQ VLFK 'DQQ
QDFKGHP HU PLW GVWHUHP %OLFN GHV 3ULPXV XQDFKWVDPHV XQG
XQYHUELQGOLFKHV1LFNHQEHWUDFKWHWKDWWHVFKREHUVLFKVHLWZlUWVDXV
GHU%DQNKLQDXVXQGVWDQGDXI
'LH 6LWXDWLRQ KDWWH VLFK YHUlQGHUW +HUU %DOOHUVWHGW KDWWH GDV
=LPPHU YHUODVVHQ XQG VWDWW VHLQHU VWDQG MHW]W DP .DWKHGHU JDQ]
JHUDGH XQG VWUDPP HLQ NOHLQHV VFKZDFKHV XQG DXVJHPHUJHOWHV
0lQQFKHQ PLW GQQHP ZHL‰HP %DUW GHVVHQ URWHV +lOVFKHQ DXV


HLQHPHQJHQ.ODSSNUDJHQKHUYRUUDJWHXQGGDVPLWGHPHLQHQVHLQHU
ZHL‰EHKDDUWHQ +lQGFKHQ VHLQHQ =\OLQGHU GLH gIIQXQJ QDFK REHQ
YRU VLFK KLQ KLHOW (V IKUWH EHL GHQ 6FKOHUQ GHQ 1DPHQ ªGLH
6SLQQH© XQG KLH‰ LQ :LUNOLFKNHLW 3URIHVVRU +FNRSS 'D LKP
ZlKUHQGGLHVHU 3DXVH DXI GHP .RUULGRU GLH $XIVLFKW ]XHUWHLOW ZDU
KDWWHHVDXFKLQGHQ.ODVVHQ]LPPHUQQDFKGHP5HFKWHQ]XVHKHQ«
ª'LH /DPSHQ DXV 'LH 9RUKlQJH DXI 'LH )HQVWHU DXI© VDJWH HV
LQGHP HV VHLQHP 6WLPPFKHQ VR YLHO .RPPDQGRNUDIW ZLH P|JOLFK
JDE XQG PLW XQEHKROIHQ HQHUJLVFKHU *HVWH VHLQHQ $UP LQ GHU /XIW
EHZHJWHDOVGUHKHHVHLQH.XUEHOǻ8QGDOOHVKLQXQWHUKLQDXVLQ
GLHIULVFKH/XIWSRW]WDXVHQGQRFKPDOGD]X©
'LH /DPSHQ YHUORVFKHQ GLH 9RUKlQJH IORJHQ HPSRU GDV IDKOH
7DJHVOLFKWHUIOOWHGDV=LPPHUXQGGLHNDOWH1HEHOOXIWVWU]WHGXUFK
GLH EUHLWHQ )HQVWHU KHUHLQ ZlKUHQG GLH 8QWHUVHNXQGDQHU VLFK DQ
3URIHVVRU +FNRSS YRUEHL ]XP $XVJDQJH VFKREHQ QXU GHU 3ULPXV
GXUIWHKLHUREHQEOHLEHQ
+DQQR XQG .DL WUDIHQ DQ GHU 7U ]XVDPPHQ XQG JLQJHQ
QHEHQHLQDQGHUGLHNRPIRUWDEOH7UHSSHKLQXQWHUXQGGUXQWHQEHUGLH
VWLOYROOHQ 9RUSOlW]H 6LH VFKZLHJHQ EHLGH +DQQR VDK MlPPHUOLFK
HOHQG DXV XQG .DL ZDU LQ *HGDQNHQ $XI GHP JUR‰HQ +RIH
DQJHODQJW EHJDQQHQ VLH DXI XQG QLHGHU ]X ZDQGHUQ LQPLWWHQ GHU
0HQJH YRQ .DPHUDGHQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQ $OWHUV GLH VLFK DXI GHQ
IHXFKWURWHQ)OLHVHQJHUlXVFKYROOGXUFKHLQDQGHUEHZHJWHQ
(LQQRFKMXJHQGOLFKHU+HUUPLWEORQGHP6SLW]EDUWIKUWHKLHUXQWHQ
GLH $XIVLFKW 'LHV ZDU GHU IHLQH 2EHUOHKUHU (U KLH‰ 'RNWRU
*ROGHQHU XQG XQWHUKLHOW HLQ .QDEHQSHQVLRQDW GDV YRQ UHLFKHQ XQG
DGHOLJHQ *XWVEHVLW]HUVV|KQHQ DXV +ROVWHLQ XQG 0HFNOHQEXUJ
EHVXFKWZDU%HHLQIOX‰WYRQGHQIHXGDOHQMXQJHQ/HXWHQGLHVHLQHU
+XW HPSIRKOHQ ZDUHQ SIOHJWH HU VHLQ bX‰HUHV LQ HLQHU :HLVH ZLH
VLH XQWHU VHLQHQ .ROOHJHQ JlQ]OLFK XQJHEUlXFKOLFK ZDU (U WUXJ
EXQWVHLGHQH .UDZDWWHQ HLQ VWXW]HUKDIWHV 5|FNFKHQ ]DUWIDUEHQH
%HLQNOHLGHUGLHPLW6WULSSHQXQWHUGHQ6RKOHQEHIHVWLJWZDUHQXQG
SDUIPLHUWH7DVFKHQWFKHUPLWIDUELJHQ%RUWHQ%HVFKHLGHQHU/HXWH
.LQG ZLH HU ZDU VWDQG LKP VROFKHU 3UXQN HLJHQWOLFK JDU QLFKW ]X
*HVLFKWXQGVHLQHJUR‰PlFKWLJHQ)‰H]XP%HLVSLHOQDKPHQVLFKLQ
GHQ VSLW] ]XODXIHQGHQ .Q|SIVWLHIHOQ ]LHPOLFK OlFKHUOLFK DXV
8QEHJUHLIOLFKHUZHLVH ZDU HU HLWHO DXI VHLQH SOXPSHQ XQG URWHQ


+lQGH GLH HU XQDXIK|UOLFK DQHLQDQGHUULHE LQHLQDQGHUVFKODQJ XQG
OLHEHYROO SUIHQG EHWUDFKWHWH (U SIOHJWH VHLQHQ .RSI VFKUlJ
]XUFNJHOHKQW]XWUDJHQXQGPLWEOLQ]HOQGHQ$XJHQJHNUDXVWHU1DVH
XQGKDOERIIHQHP0XQGHEHVWlQGLJHLQ*HVLFKW]XVFKQHLGHQDOVVHL
HU LP %HJULIIH ]X VDJHQ ¾:DV LVW GHQQ QXQ VFKRQ ZLHGHU ORV"½«
'HQQRFKZDUHU]XYRUQHKPXPQLFKWDOOHNOHLQHQ8QHUODXEWKHLWHQ
DXI GLVWLQJXLHUWH $UW ]X EHUVHKHQ GLH VLFK HWZD DXI GHP +RIH
HUHLJQHWHQ (U EHUVDK GD‰ GLHVHU RGHUMHQHU 6FKOHU HLQ %XFK PLW
VLFK KHUXQWHUJHEUDFKW KDWWH XP VLFK LP OHW]WHQ $XJHQEOLFN HLQ
ZHQLJ ]X SUlSDULHUHQ EHUVDK GD‰ VHLQH 3HQVLRQlUH +HUUQ
6FKOHPLHO GHP .XVWRV *HOG HLQKlQGLJWHQ XP VLFK %lFNHUHLHQ
KROHQ ]X ODVVHQ GD‰ KLHU HLQH NOHLQH .UDIWSUREH ]ZLVFKHQ ]ZHL
7HUWLDQHUQLQHLQH3UJHOHLDXVDUWHWHXPGLHVLFKVRIRUWHLQ5LQJYRQ
6DFKYHUVWlQGLJHQ ELOGHWH XQG GD‰ GRUW KLQWHQ MHPDQG GHU DXI
LUJHQGHLQH :HLVH HLQH XQNDPHUDGVFKDIWOLFKH IHLJH RGHU
XQHKUHQKDIWH *HVLQQXQJ DQ GHQ 7DJ JHOHJW KDWWH YRQ VHLQHQ
.ODVVHQNDPHUDGHQ]ZDQJVZHLVH]XU3XPSHEHI|UGHUWZXUGHXP]X
VHLQHU6FKDQGHPLW:DVVHUEHJRVVHQ]XZHUGHQ«
(VZDUHLQZDFNHUHVXQGHLQEL‰FKHQXQJHKREHOWHV*HVFKOHFKWGLH
ODXWH 0HQJH LQ GHU .DL XQG +DQQR KLQ XQG ZLGHU ZDQGHUWHQ
+HUDQJHZDFKVHQ LQ GHU /XIW HLQHV NULHJHULVFK VLHJUHLFKHQ XQG
YHUMQJWHQ 9DWHUODQGHV KXOGLJWH PDQ 6LWWHQ YRQ UDXKHU
0lQQOLFKNHLW0DQUHGHWHLQHLQHP-DUJRQGHU]XJOHLFKVDORSSXQG
VFKQHLGLJ ZDU XQG YRQ WHFKQLVFKHQ $XVGUFNHQ ZLPPHOWH 7ULQN
XQG 5DXFKWFKWLJNHLW .|USHUVWlUNH XQG 7XUQHUWXJHQG VWDQGHQ VHKU
KRFK LQ GHU 6FKlW]XQJ XQG GLH YHUlFKWOLFKVWHQ /DVWHU ZDUHQ
:HLFKOLFKNHLW XQG *HFNHQKDIWLJNHLW :HU PLW HPSRUJHNODSSWHP
5RFNNUDJHQ EHWURIIHQ ZXUGHGXUIWH GHU 3XPSH JHZlUWLJ VHLQ :HU
VLFK DEHU JDU DXI GHU 6WUD‰H PLW HLQHP 6SD]LHUVWRFN KDWWH VHKHQ
ODVVHQDQGHPZXUGHLQGHU7XUQKDOOHDXIHEHQVRVFKLPSIOLFKHZLH
VFKPHU]KDIWH$UWHLQH|IIHQWOLFKH=FKWLJXQJYROO]RJHQ«
'DV ZDV +DQQR XQG .DL PLWHLQDQGHU VSUDFKHQ JLQJ IUHPG XQG
VRQGHUEDU LQ GHP 6WLPPHQJHZLUU XQWHU GDV GLH NDOWH XQG IHXFKWH
/XIW HUIOOWH 'LHVH )UHXQGVFKDIW ZDU VHLW ODQJHP LQ GHU JDQ]HQ
6FKXOH EHNDQQW 'LH /HKUHU GXOGHWHQ VLH PLW hEHOZROOHQ ZHLO VLH
8QUDW XQG 2SSRVLWLRQ GDKLQWHU YHUPXWHWHQ XQG GLH .DPHUDGHQ
DX‰HUVWDQGH LKU :HVHQ ]X HQWUlWVHOQ KDWWHQ VLFK JHZ|KQW VLH PLW


HLQHP JHZLVVHQ VFKHXHQ :LGHUZLOOHQ JHOWHQ ]X ODVVHQ XQG GLHVH
EHLGHQ *HQRVVHQ DOV RXWODZV XQG IUHPGDUWLJH 6RQGHUOLQJH ]X
EHWUDFKWHQGLHPDQVLFKVHOEVWEHUODVVHQPX‰WH«hEULJHQVJHQR‰
.DL *UDI 0|OOQ HLQHV JHZLVVHQ 5HVSHNWV ZHJHQ GHU :LOGKHLW XQG
]JHOORVHQ 8QERWPl‰LJNHLW GLH PDQ DQ LKP NDQQWH :DV DEHU
+DQQR%XGGHQEURRNEHWUDIVRNRQQWHVHOEVWGHUJUR‰H+HLQULF\GHU
GRFK DOOH :HOW SUJHOWH VLFK QLFKW HQWVFKOLH‰HQ ZHJHQ
*HFNHQKDIWLJNHLW XQG )HLJKHLW +DQG DQ LKQ ]X OHJHQ DXV
XQEHVWLPPWHU )XUFKW YRU GHU :HLFKKHLW VHLQHV +DDUHV YRU GHU
=DUWKHLW VHLQHU *OLHGHU YRU VHLQHP WUEHQ VFKHXHQ XQG NDOWHQ
%OLFN« ª,FK KDEH $QJVW© VDJWH +DQQR ]X .DL LQGHP HU DQ GHU
HLQHQ 6HLWHQZDQG GHV +RIHV VWHKHQEOLHE VLFK JHJHQ GLH 0DXHU
OHKQWH XQG PLW IU|VWHOQGHP *lKQHQ VHLQH -DFNH IHVWHU
]XVDPPHQ]RJ« ª,FK KDEH HLQH XQVLQQLJH $QJVW .DL VLH WXW PLU
EHUDOOZHKLP.|USHU,VWQXQ+HUU0DQWHOVDFNGHU0DQQYRUGHP
PDQ VLFK GHUDUWLJ IXUFKWHQ GUIWH" 6DJH VHOEVW :HQQ GLHVH
ZLGHUOLFKH 2YLGVWXQGH HUVW YRUEHU ZlUH :HQQ LFK PHLQHQ 7DGHO
LP .ODVVHQEXFK KlWWH XQG VLW]HQEOLHEH XQG DOOHV LQ 2UGQXQJ ZlUH
,FK IXUFKWH PLFK QLFKW GDYRU LFK IXUFKWH PLFK YRU GHP (NODW GHU
GDPLWYHUEXQGHQLVW«©
.DL YHUILHO LQ *HGDQNHQ ª'LHVHU 5RGHULFK 8VKHU LVW GLH
ZXQGHUYROOVWH )LJXU GLH MH HUIXQGHQ ZRUGHQ LVW© VDJWH HU VFKQHOO
XQGXQYHUPLWWHOWª,FKKDEHHEHQGLHJDQ]H6WXQGHJHOHVHQ«:HQQ
LFKMHPDOVHLQHVRJXWH*HVFKLFKWHVFKUHLEHQN|QQWH©
'LH6DFKHZDUGLHGD‰.DLVLFKPLW6FKUHLEHQDEJDE'LHVZDUHV
DXFK ZDV HU KHXWH PRUJHQ JHPHLQW KDWWH DOV HU VDJWH HU KDEH
%HVVHUHV]XWXQDOV6FKXODUEHLWHQ]XPDFKHQXQG+DQQRKDWWHLKQ
ZRKOYHUVWDQGHQ$XVGHU1HLJXQJ]XP*HVFKLFKWHQHU]lKOHQGLHHU
DOV NOHLQHU -XQJH DQ GHQ 7DJ JHOHJW KDWWH KDWWHQ VLFK
VFKULIWVWHOOHULVFKH 9HUVXFKH HQWZLFNHOW XQG NU]OLFK KDWWH HU HLQH
'LFKWXQJ YROOHQGHW HLQ 0lUFKHQ HLQ UFNVLFKWVORV SKDQWDVWLVFKHV
$EHQWHXHULQGHPDOOHVLQHLQHPGXQNOHQ6FKHLQHUJOKWHGDVXQWHU
0HWDOOHQXQGJHKHLPQLVYROOHQ*OXWHQLQGHQWLHIVWHQXQGKHLOLJVWHQ
:HUNVWlWWHQGHU(UGHXQG]XJOHLFKLQGHQHQGHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ6HHOH
VSLHOWHXQGLQGHPGLH8UJHZDOWHQGHU1DWXUXQGGHU6HHOHDXIHLQH
VRQGHUEDUH$UWYHUPLVFKWJHZDQGWJHZDQGHOWXQGJHOlXWHUWZXUGHQ
 JHVFKULHEHQ LQ HLQHU LQQHUOLFKHQ GHXWVDPHQ HLQ ZHQLJ


EHUVFKZHQJOLFKHQ XQG VHKQVFKWLJHQ 6SUDFKH YRQ ]DUWHU
/HLGHQVFKDIWOLFKNHLW«
+DQQR NDQQWH GLHVH *HVFKLFKWH ZRKO XQG OLHEWH VLH VHKU DEHU HU
ZDUMHW]WQLFKWDXIJHOHJWYRQ.DLV$UEHLWHQRGHUYRQ(GJDU3RH]X
VSUHFKHQ(UJlKQWHZLHGHUXQGVHXI]WHGDQQLQGHPHUJOHLFK]HLWLJ
HLQ 0RWLY YRU VLFK KLQ VDQJ GDV HU NU]OLFK DP )OJHO HUIXQGHQ
KDWWH'LHVZDUVRVHLQH*HZRKQKHLW(USIOHJWHRIW]XVHXI]HQWLHI
DXI]XDWPHQ DXV GHP GULQJHQGHQ %HGUIQLV VHLQ XQ]XOlQJOLFK
DUEHLWHQGHV+HU]LQHLQHQHWZDVPXQWHUHQ*DQJ]XEULQJHQXQG HU
KDWWH VLFK JHZ|KQW GDV $XVDWPHQ QDFK HLQHP PXVLNDOLVFKHQ
7KHPDLUJHQGHLQHP6WFN0HORGLHHLJHQHURGHUIUHPGHU(UILQGXQJ
JHVFKHKHQ]XODVVHQ«ª6LHKHGDNRPPWGHUOLHEH*RWW©VDJWH.DL
ª(UOXVWZDQGHOWLQVHLQHP*DUWHQ©
ª(LQQHWWHU*DUWHQ©VDJWH+DQQRXQGJHULHWLQV/DFKHQ(UODFKWH
QHUY|V XQG NRQQWH QLFKW DXIK|UHQ KLHOW VHLQ 7DVFKHQWXFK YRU GHQ
0XQG XQG EOLFNWH GDUEHU KLQZHJ DXI GHQ ZHOFKHQ .DL DOV GHQ
ªOLHEHQ*RWW©EH]HLFKQHWKDWWH
(V ZDU 'LUHNWRU 'RNWRU :XOLFNH GHU /HLWHU GHU 6FKXOH GHU DXI
GHP +RIH HUVFKLHQHQ ZDU HLQ DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK ODQJHU 0DQQ PLW
VFKZDU]HP6FKODSSKXWNXU]HP9ROOEDUWHLQHPVSLW]HQ%DXFKHYLHO
]XNXU]HQ%HLQNOHLGHUQXQGWULFKWHUI|UPLJHQ0DQVFKHWWHQGLHVWHWV
VHKU XQVDXEHU ZDUHQ (U JLQJ PLW HLQHP *HVLFKW GDV YRU =RUQ
EHLQDKHOHLGHQGDXVVDK VFKQHOO EHU GLH 6WHLQIOLHVHQ LQGHP HU PLW
DXVJHVWUHFNWHP$UPHDXIGLH3XPSHZLHV«'DV:DVVHUIOR‰(LQH
$Q]DKO 6FKOHU OLHIHQ YRU LKP KHU XQG EHUVWU]WHQ VLFK GHP
6FKDGHQ GDGXUFK DE]XKHOIHQ GD‰ VLH GLH /HLWXQJ VFKORVVHQ $EHU
DXFK GDQQ VWDQGHQ VLH QRFK ODQJH XQG EHWUDFKWHWHQ PLW YHUVW|UWHQ
*HVLFKWHUQ DEZHFKVHOQG GLH 3XPSH XQG GHQ 'LUHNWRU GHU VLFK DQ
GHQPLWURWHP$QWOLW]KHUEHLJHHLOWHQ'RNWRU*ROGHQHUJHZDQGWKDWWH
XQG PLW WLHIHU GXPSIHU XQG EHZHJWHU 6WLPPH DXI LKQ HLQVSUDFK
6HLQH 5HGH ZDU PLW EUXPPHQGHQ XQG XQDUWLNXOLHUWHQ /LSSHQODXWHQ
GXUFKVHW]W«
'LHVHU 'LUHNWRU :XOLFNH ZDU HLQ IXUFKWEDUHU 0DQQ (U ZDU GHU
1DFKIROJHU GHV MRYLDOHQ XQG PHQVFKHQIUHXQGOLFKHQ DOWHQ +HUUQ
XQWHU GHVVHQ 5HJLHUXQJ +DQQR¶V 9DWHU XQG 2QNHO VWXGLHUW KDWWHQ
XQGGHUEDOGQDFKGHP-DKUHHLQXQGVLHEHQ]LJJHVWRUEHQZDU'DPDOV
ZDU 'RNWRU :XOLFNH ELVODQJ 3URIHVVRU DQ HLQHP SUHX‰LVFKHQ


*\PQDVLXP EHUXIHQ ZRUGHQ XQG PLW LKP ZDU HLQ DQGHUHU HLQ
QHXHU *HLVW LQ GLH $OWH 6FKXOH HLQJH]RJHQ :R HKHPDOV GLH
NODVVLVFKH %LOGXQJ DOV HLQ KHLWHUHU 6HOEVW]ZHFN JHJROWHQ KDWWH GHQ
PDQPLW5XKH0X‰HXQGIU|KOLFKHP,GHDOLVPXVYHUIROJWHGDZDUHQ
QXQ GLH %HJULIIH $XWRULWlW 3IOLFKW 0DFKW 'LHQVW .DUULHUH ]X
K|FKVWHU :UGH JHODQJW XQG GHU ªNDWHJRULVFKH ,PSHUDWLY XQVHUHV
3KLORVRSKHQ .DQW© ZDU GDV %DQQHU GDV 'LUHNWRU :XOLFNH LQ MHGHU
)HVWUHGH EHGURKOLFK HQWIDOWHWH 'LH 6FKXOH ZDU HLQ 6WDDW LP 6WDDWH
JHZRUGHQ LQ GHP SUHX‰LVFKH 'LHQVWVWUDPPKHLW VR JHZDOWLJ
KHUUVFKWHGD‰QLFKWDOOHLQGLH/HKUHUVRQGHUQDXFKGLH6FKOHUVLFK
DOV%HDPWHHPSIDQGHQGLHXPQLFKWVDOVLKU$YDQFHPHQWXQGGDUXP
EHVRUJWZDUHQEHLGHQ0DFKWKDEHUQJXWDQJHVFKULHEHQ]XVWHKHQ«
%DOG QDFK GHP (LQ]XJ GHV QHXHQ 'LUHNWRUV ZDU DXFK XQWHU GHQ
YRUWUHIIOLFKVWHQ K\JLHQLVFKHQ XQG lVWKHWLVFKHQ *HVLFKWVSXQNWHQ PLW
GHP8PEDXXQGGHU1HXHLQULFKWXQJGHU$QVWDOWEHJRQQHQXQGDOOHV
DXIVJOFNOLFKVWHIHUWLJJHVWHOOWZRUGHQ$OOHLQHVEOLHEGLH)UDJHRE
QLFKWIUKHUDOVZHQLJHU.RPIRUWGHU1HX]HLWXQGHLQEL‰FKHQPHKU
*XWPWLJNHLW *HPW +HLWHUNHLW :RKOZROOHQ XQG %HKDJHQ LQ
GLHVHQ5lXPHQJHKHUUVFKWKDWWHGLH6FKXOHHLQV\PSDWKLVFKHUHVXQG
VHJHQYROOHUHV,QVWLWXWJHZHVHQZDU«
:DV 'LUHNWRU :XOLFNH SHUV|QOLFK EHWUDI VR ZDU HU YRQ GHU
UlWVHOKDIWHQ ]ZHLGHXWLJHQ HLJHQVLQQLJHQ XQG HLIHUVFKWLJHQ
6FKUHFNOLFKNHLW GHV DOWWHVWDPHQWDULVFKHQ *RWWHV (U ZDU HQWVHW]OLFK
LP /lFKHOQ ZLH LP =RUQH 'LH XQJHKHXUH $XWRULWlW GLH LQ VHLQHQ
+lQGHQODJ PDFKWH LKQVFKDXHUOLFKODXQHQKDIWXQG XQEHUHFKHQEDU
(U ZDU LPVWDQGH HWZDV 6FKHU]KDIWHV ]X VDJHQ XQG IUFKWHUOLFK ]X
ZHUGHQZHQQPDQODFKWH.HLQHVHLQHU]LWWHUQGHQ.UHDWXUHQZX‰WH
5DWZLHPDQVLFKLKPJHJHQEHU]XEHQHKPHQKDEH(VEOLHEQLFKWV
EULJ DOV LKQ LP 6WDXEH ]X YHUHKUHQ XQG GXUFK HLQH ZDKQVLQQLJH
'HPXW YLHOOHLFKW ]X YHUKWHQ GD‰ HU HLQHQ QLFKW GDKLQUDIIH LQ
VHLQHP*ULPPXQGQLFKW]HUPDOPHLQVHLQHUJUR‰HQ*HUHFKWLJNHLW«
'HU1DPHGHQ.DLLKPJHJHEHQKDWWHZXUGHQXUYRQLKPVHOEVW
XQG +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN JHEUDXFKW XQG VLH KWHWHQ VLFK LKQ YRU
GHQ .DPHUDGHQ ODXW ZHUGHQ ]X ODVVHQ DXV 6FKHX YRU GHP VWDUUHQ
XQGNDOWHQ%OLFNGHV8QYHUVWlQGQLVVHVGHQVLHVRZRKONDQQWHQ«
1HLQHVJDEQLFKWHLQHQ3XQNWLQGHP GLHVH EHLGHQVLFK PLW LKUHQ
*HQRVVHQ YHUVWDQGHQ (V ZDU LKQHQ VRJDU GLH $UW YRQ 2SSRVLWLRQ


XQG 5DFKH IUHPG DQ GHU GLH DQGHUHQ VLFK JHQJHQ OLH‰HQ XQG VLH
PL‰DFKWHWHQ GLH EOLFKHQ 6SRWWQDPHQ ZHLO HLQ +XPRU GDUDXV
VSUDFK GHU VLH QLFKW EHUKUWH XQG VLH QLFKW HLQPDO ]XP /lFKHOQ
EUDFKWH (V ZDU VR ELOOLJ VR QFKWHUQ XQG XQZLW]LJ GHQ GQQHQ
3URIHVVRU +FNRSS ªGLH 6SLQQH© XQG 2EHUOHKUHU %DOOHUVWHGW
ª.DNDGX© ]X QHQQHQ HLQH VR DUPVHOLJH 6FKDGORVKDOWXQJ IU GHQ
=ZDQJ GHV 6WDDWVGLHQVWHV 1HLQ .DL *UDI 0|OOQ ZDU HLQ ZHQLJ
ELVVLJHU )U VHLQH XQG +DQQR¶V 3HUVRQ KDWWH HU GHQ %UDXFK
HLQJHIKUW YRQ GHQ /HKUHUQ QXU YHUPLWWHOVW LKUHV ULFKWLJHQ
EUJHUOLFKHQ 1DPHQV XQWHU +LQ]XIJXQJ GHV :RUWHV ª+HUU© ]X
VSUHFKHQ ª+HUU %DOOHUVWHGW© ª+HUU 0DQWHOVDFN© ª+HUU
+FNRSS©« 'DV HUJDE JOHLFKVDP HLQH DEOHKQHQGH XQG LURQLVFKH
.lOWH HLQH VS|WWLVFKH 'LVWDQ] XQG )UHPGKHLW« 6LH VSUDFKHQ YRQ
GHP ª/HKUN|USHU© XQG DPVLHUWHQ VLFK ZlKUHQG JDQ]HU 3DXVHQ
GDPLWVLFKHLQZLUNOLFKYRUKDQGHQHV*HVFK|SIHLQH$UW8QJHKHXHU
YRQZLGHUOLFKHUXQGSKDQWDVWLVFKHU*HVWDOWXQJGDUXQWHUYRU]XVWHOOHQ
8QG VLH VSUDFKHQ LP DOOJHPHLQHQ YRQ GHU ª$QVWDOW© PLW HLQHU
%HWRQXQJDOVKDQGHOHHVVLFKXPHLQHVROFKHZLHGLHLQGHU+DQQR¶V
2QNHO&KULVWLDQVLFKDXIKLHOW«
'XUFKGHQ$QEOLFNGHVOLHEHQ*RWWHVGHUQRFKHLQH:HLOHDOOHVLQ
EOHLFKHQ6FKUHFNHQYHUVHW]WHLQGHPHUPLWIUFKWHUOLFKHP%UXPPHQ
QDFKYHUVFKLHGHQHQ5LFKWXQJHQDXIGDV%XWWHUEURWSDSLHU]HLJWHGDV
KLH XQG GD DXI GHQ )OLHVHQ ODJ ZDU .DL LQ YRU]JOLFKH /DXQH
JHUDWHQ (U ]RJ +DQQR PLW VLFK IRUW ]X HLQHP GHU 7RUH GXUFK GDV
GLH /HKUHU GLH ]XU ]ZHLWHQ 6WXQGH HLQWUDIHQ GHQ +RI EHVFKULWWHQ
XQG ILQJ DQ VLFK XQJHKHXHU WLHI YRU GHQ URWlXJLJHQ EODVVHQ XQG
GUIWLJHQ6HPLQDULVWHQ]XYHUEHXJHQGLHYRUEHUJLQJHQXPVLFK]X
LKUHQ6H[WDQHUQXQG6HSWLPDQHUQDXIGLHKLQWHUHQ+|IH]XEHJHEHQ
(U EFNWH VLFK EHUPl‰LJ OLH‰ GLH $UPH KlQJHQ XQG EOLFNWH YRQ
XQWHQ KHUDXI KLQJHEXQJVYROO ]X GHQ DUPHQ *HVHOOHQ HPSRU $OV
MHGRFKGHUJUHLVH5HFKHQOHKUHU+HUU7LHWJHHUVFKLHQHLQLJH%FKHU
PLW]LWWHUQGHU+DQGDXIGHP5FNHQKDOWHQGDXIXQP|JOLFKH$UWLQ
VLFK KLQHLQVFKLHOHQG NUXPP JHOE XQG VSHLHQG GD VDJWH HU PLW
NODQJYROOHU6WLPPHª*XWHQ7DJGX/HLFKH©:RUDXIHUNODUHQXQG
VFKDUIHQ%OLFNHVLUJHQGZRKLQLQGLH/XIWVDK«
(VVFKHOOWHJHOOHQGLQGLHVHP$XJHQEOLFNXQGVRIRUWEHJDQQHQGLH
6FKOHU YRQ DOOHQ 6HLWHQ ]X GHQ (LQJlQJHQ ]XVDPPHQ]XVWU|PHQ


$EHU+DQQRK|UWHQLFKWDXI]XODFKHQHUODFKWHQRFKDXIGHU7UHSSH
VRVHKUGD‰VHLQH.ODVVHQJHQRVVHQGLHLKQXQG.DLXPJDEHQLKP
NDOW EHIUHPGHW XQG VRJDU HLQ ZHQLJ DQJHZLGHUW YRQ VR YLHO
$OEHUQKHLWLQV*HVLFKWEOLFNWHQ«
(V ZDUG VWLOO LQ GHU .ODVVH XQG DOOHV VWDQG HLQPWLJ DXI DOV
2EHUOHKUHU'RNWRU0DQWHOVDFNHLQWUDW(UZDUGHU2UGLQDULXVXQGHV
ZDU 6LWWH YRU GHP 2UGLQDULXV 5HVSHNW ]X KDEHQ (U ]RJ GLH 7U
KLQWHUVLFK]XLQGHPHUVLFKEFNWHUHFNWHGHQ+DOVXP]XVHKHQ
REDOOHVWDQGHQKLQJVHLQHQ+XWDQGHQ1DJHOXQGJLQJGDQQUDVFK
]XP.DWKHGHUZREHLHUVHLQHQ.RSILQVFKQHOOHP:HFKVHOKREXQG
VHQNWH +LHU QDKP HU $XIVWHOOXQJ XQG VDK HLQ ZHQLJ ]XP )HQVWHU
KLQDXV LQGHP HU VHLQHQ DXVJHVWUHFNWHQ =HLJHILQJHU DQ GHP HLQ
JUR‰HU 6LHJHOULQJ VD‰ ]ZLVFKHQ .UDJHQ XQG +DOV KLQ XQG KHU
EHZHJWH (U ZDU HLQ PLWWHOJUR‰HU 0DQQ PLW GQQHP HUJUDXWHP
+DDU HLQHP NUDXVHQ -XSLWHUEDUW XQG NXU]VLFKWLJ KHUYRUWUHWHQGHQ
VDSKLUEODXHQ$XJHQGLHKLQWHUGHQVFKDUIHQ%ULOOHQJOlVHUQJOlQ]WHQ
(U ZDU JHNOHLGHW LQ HLQHQ RIIHQHQ *HKURFN DXV JUDXHP ZHLFKHP
6WRII GHQ HU LQ GHU 7DLOOHQJHJHQG PLW VHLQHU NXU]ILQJHULJHQ XQG
UXQ]HOLJHQ +DQG VDQIW ]X EHWDVWHQ OLHEWH 6HLQH %HLQNOHLGHU ZDUHQ
ZLHEHLDOOHQ/HKUHUQELVDXIGHQIHLQHQ'RNWRU*ROGHQHU]XNXU]
XQG OLH‰HQ GLH 6FKlIWH YRQ HLQHP 3DDU DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK EUHLWHU XQG
PDUPRUEODQNJHZLFKVWHU6WLHIHOVHKHQ
3O|W]OLFKZDQGWHHUGHQ.RSIYRP)HQVWHUZHJVWLH‰HLQHQNOHLQHQ
IUHXQGOLFKHQ 6HXI]HU DXV LQGHP HU LQ GLH ODXWORVH .ODVVH
KLQHLQEOLFNWHVDJWHª-DMD©XQGOlFKHOWHPHKUHUH6FKOHU]XWUDXOLFK
DQ (U ZDU JXWHU /DXQH HV ZDU RIIHQEDU (LQH %HZHJXQJ GHU
(UOHLFKWHUXQJ JLQJ GXUFK GHQ 5DXP (V NDP VR YLHO HV NDP DOOHV
GDUDXIDQRE'RNWRU0DQWHOVDFNJXWHU/DXQHZDURGHUQLFKWGHQQ
PDQZX‰WHGD‰HUVLFKVHLQHQ6WLPPXQJHQXQEHZX‰WXQGRKQHGLH
JHULQJVWH 6HOEVWNULWLN EHUOLH‰ (U ZDU YRQ HLQHU JDQ]
DXVQHKPHQGHQJUHQ]HQORVQDLYHQ8QJHUHFKWLJNHLWXQGVHLQH*XQVW
ZDU KROG XQG IODWWHUKDIW ZLH GDV *OFN 6WHWV KDWWH HU HLQ SDDU
/LHEOLQJH ]ZHL RGHU GUHL GLH HU ªGX© XQG PLW 9RUQDPHQ QDQQWH
XQGGLHHVJXWKDWWHQZLHLP3DUDGLHVH6LHNRQQWHQEHLQDKHVDJHQ
ZDV VLH ZROOWHQ XQG HV ZDU GHQQRFK ULFKWLJ XQG QDFK GHU 6WXQGH
SODXGHUWH 'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN DXIV PHQVFKOLFKVWH PLW LKQHQ (LQHV
7DJHVMHGRFKYLHOOHLFKWQDFKGHQ)HULHQ*RWWDOOHLQZX‰WHZDUXP


ZDU PDQ JHVWU]W YHUQLFKWHW DEJHVFKDIIW YHUZRUIHQ XQG HLQ
DQGHUHU ZXUGH PLW 9RUQDPHQ JHQDQQW« 'LHVHQ *OFNVHOLJHQ
SIOHJWH HUGLH )HKOHULQ GHQ ([WHPSRUDOLHQ JDQ] OHLFKW XQG ]LHUOLFK
DQ]XVWUHLFKHQ VR GD‰ LKUH $UEHLWHQ DXFK EHL JUR‰HU
0DQJHOKDIWLJNHLW HLQHQ UHLQOLFKHQ $VSHNW EHKLHOWHQ ,Q DQGHUHQ
+HIWHQ DEHU IXKU HU PLW EUHLWHU XQG ]RUQLJHU )HGHU XPKHU XQG
EHUVFKZHPPWH VLH PLW 5RW VR GD‰ VLH HLQHQ DEVFKUHFNHQGHQ XQG
YHUZDKUORVWHQ(LQGUXFNPDFKWHQ8QGGDHUGLH)HKOHUQLFKW]lKOWH
VRQGHUQGLH=HQVXUHQMHQDFKGHU0HQJHYRQURWHU7LQWHHUWHLOWHGLH
HU DQ HLQH $UEHLW YHUDXVJDEW KDWWH VR JLQJHQ VHLQH *QVWOLQJH PLW
JUR‰HP9RUWHLODXVGHU6DFKHKHUYRU%HLGLHVHP9HUIDKUHQGDFKWH
HU VLFK QLFKW GDV JHULQJVWH VRQGHUQ IDQG HV YROOVWlQGLJ LQ GHU
2UGQXQJ XQG DKQWH QLFKWV YRQ 3DUWHLOLFKNHLW +lWWH MHPDQG GHQ
WUDXULJHQ 0XW EHVHVVHQ GDJHJHQ ]X SURWHVWLHUHQ VR ZlUH HU GHU
$XVVLFKW YHUOXVWLJ JHJDQJHQ MHPDOV JHGX]W XQG PLW 9RUQDPHQ
JHQDQQW]XZHUGHQ8QGGLHVH+RIIQXQJOLH‰QLHPDQGIDKUHQ«
1XQNUHX]WH'RNWRU0DQWHOVDFNLP6WHKHQGLH%HLQHXQGEOlWWHUWH
LQVHLQHP1RWL]EXFK+DQQR%XGGHQEURRNVD‰YRUQEHUJHEHXJWXQG
UDQJXQWHUGHP7LVFKGLH+lQGH'DV%GHU%XFKVWDEH%ZDUDQGHU
5HLKH*OHLFKZUGHVHLQ1DPHHUW|QHQXQGHUZUGHDXIVWHKHQXQG
QLFKW HLQH =HLOH ZLVVHQ XQG HV ZUGH HLQHQ 6NDQGDO JHEHQ HLQH
ODXWHVFKUHFNOLFKH.DWDVWURSKHVRJXWHU/DXQHGHU2UGLQDULXVDXFK
VHLQ PRFKWH« 'LH 6HNXQGHQ GHKQWHQ VLFK PDUWHUYROO
¾%XGGHQEURRN½« MHW]W VDJWH HU ¾%XGGHQEURRN½« ª(GJDU© VDJWH
'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN VFKOR‰ VHLQ 1RWL]EXFK LQGHP HU VHLQHQ
=HLJHILQJHUGDULQVWHFNHQOLH‰XQGVHW]WHVLFKDXIV.DWKHGHUDOVRE
QXQDOOHVLQEHVWHU2UGQXQJVHL
:DV" :LH ZDU GDV" (GJDU« 'DV ZDU /GHUV GHU GLFNH /GHUV
GRUWDP)HQVWHUGHU%XFKVWDEH/GHUQLFKWLPHQWIHUQWHVWHQDQGHU
5HLKHZDU1HLQZDUHVP|JOLFK"'RNWRU0DQWHOVDFNZDUVRJXWHU
/DXQHGD‰HUHLQIDFKHLQHQ/LHEOLQJKHUDXVJULIIXQGVLFKJDUQLFKW
GDUXP NPPHUWH ZHU KHXWH RUGQXQJVPl‰LJ YRUJHQRPPHQ ZHUGHQ
PX‰WH«
'HUGLFNH/GHUVVWDQGDXI(UKDWWHHLQ0RSVJHVLFKW XQG EUDXQH
DSDWKLVFKH $XJHQ 2EJOHLFK HU HLQHQ YRU]JOLFKHQ 3ODW] LQQHKDWWH
XQGPLW%HTXHPOLFKNHLWKlWWHDEOHVHQN|QQHQZDUHUDXFKKLHU]X]X


WUlJH(UIKOWHVLFK]XVLFKHULP3DUDGLHVHXQGDQWZRUWHWHHLQIDFK
ª,FKKDEHJHVWHUQZHJHQ.RSIVFKPHU]HQQLFKWOHUQHQN|QQHQ©
ª2K GX ODVVHVW PLFKLP 6WLFK (GJDU"© VDJWH 'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN
EHWUEW« ª'X ZLOOVW PLU GLH 9HUVH YRP *ROGHQHQ =HLWDOWHU QLFKW
VSUHFKHQ" :LH MDPPHUVFKDGH PHLQ )UHXQG +DWWHVW GX
.RSIVFKPHU]HQ"$EHUPLFKGQNWGXKlWWHVWPLUGDV]X%HJLQQGHU
6WXQGHVDJHQVROOHQEHYRULFKGLFKDXIULHI«+DWWHVWGXQLFKWVFKRQ
QHXOLFK .RSIVFKPHU]HQ JHKDEW" 'X VROOWHVW HWZDV GDJHJHQ WXQ
(GJDU GHQQ VRQVW LVW GLH *HIDKU QLFKW DXVJHVFKORVVHQ GD‰ GX
5FNVFKULWWHPDFKVW«7LPPZROOHQ6LHLKQYHUWUHWHQ©
/GHUVVHW]WHVLFK,QGLHVHP$XJHQEOLFNZDUHUDOOJHPHLQYHUKD‰W
0DQ VDK GHXWOLFK GD‰ GHV 2UGLQDULXV /DXQH EHWUlFKWOLFK JHVXQNHQ
ZDUXQGGD‰/GHUVYLHOOHLFKWVFKRQLQGHUQlFKVWHQ6WXQGHZUGH
PLW 1DFKQDPHQ JHQDQQW ZHUGHQ« 7LPP VWDQG DXI LQ HLQHU GHU
KLQWHUVWHQ %lQNH (V ZDU HLQ EORQGHU -XQJH YRQ OlQGOLFKHP
bX‰HUHQ PLW HLQHU KHOOEUDXQHQ -DFNH XQG NXU]HQ EUHLWHQ )LQJHUQ
(U KLHOW VHLQHQ 0XQG PLW HLIULJHP XQG W|ULFKWHP $XVGUXFN
WULFKWHUI|UPLJJH|IIQHWXQGUFNWHKDVWLJVHLQRIIHQHV%XFK]XUHFKW
LQGHP HU DQJHVWUHQJW JHUDGHDXV EOLFNWH 'DQQ VHQNWH HU GHQ .RSI
XQG EHJDQQ YRU]XOHVHQ ODQJJH]RJHQ VWRFNHQG XQG PRQRWRQ ZLH
HLQ.LQGDXVGHU)LEHOª$XUHDSULPDVDWDHVWDHWDV«©
(V ZDU NODU GD‰ 'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN KHXWH DX‰HUKDOE MHGHU
2UGQXQJIUDJWHXQGVLFKJDUQLFKWGDUXPNPPHUWHZHUDPOlQJVWHQ
QLFKW H[DPLQLHUW ZRUGHQ ZDU (V ZDU MHW]W QLFKW PHKU VR GURKHQG
ZDKUVFKHLQOLFK GD‰ +DQQR DXIJHUXIHQ ZXUGH HV NRQQWH QXU QRFK
GXUFK HLQHQ XQVHOLJHQ =XIDOO JHVFKHKHQ (U ZHFKVHOWH HLQHQ
JOFNOLFKHQ %OLFN PLW .DL XQG ILQJ DQ VHLQH *OLHGHU HLQ ZHQLJ
DE]XVSDQQHQXQGDXV]XUXKHQ«
3O|W]OLFK ZDUG 7LPP LQ VHLQHU /HNWUH XQWHUEURFKHQ 6HL HV QXQ
GD‰'RNWRU0DQWHOVDFNGHQ5H]LWLHUHQGHQQLFKWUHFKWYHUVWDQGRGHU
GD‰HUVLFK%HZHJXQJ]XPDFKHQZQVFKWHHUYHUOLH‰GDV.DWKHGHU
OXVWZDQGHOWH JHPlFKOLFK GXUFK GLH .ODVVH XQG VWHOOWH VLFK VHLQHQ
2YLGLQGHU+DQGGLFKWQHEHQ7LPPGHUPLWNXU]HQXQVLFKWEDUHQ
%HZHJXQJHQVHLQ%XFKEHLVHLWHJHUlXPWKDWWHXQGQXQYROONRPPHQ
KLOIORV ZDU (U VFKQDSSWH PLW VHLQHP WULFKWHUI|UPLJHQ 0XQGH
EOLFNWH GHQ 2UGLQDULXV PLW EODXHQ HKUOLFKHQ YHUVW|UWHQ $XJHQ DQ


XQG EUDFKWH QLFKW HLQH 6LOEH PHKU ]XVWDQGH ª1XQ 7LPP© VDJWH
'RNWRU0DQWHOVDFN«ª-HW]WJHKWHVDXIHLQPDOQLFKWPHKU"©
8QG 7LPP JULII VLFK QDFK GHP .RSI UROOWH GLH $XJHQ DWPHWH
KHIWLJ XQG VDJWH VFKOLH‰OLFK PLW HLQHP LUUHQ /lFKHOQ ª,FK ELQ VR
YHUZLUUWZHQQ6LHEHLPLUVWHKHQ+HUU'RNWRU©
$XFK 'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN OlFKHOWH HU OlFKHOWH JHVFKPHLFKHOW XQG
VDJWHª1XQVDPPHOQ6LHVLFKXQGIDKUHQ6LHIRUW©'DPLWZDQGHOWH
HU]XP.DWKHGHU]XUFN
8QG7LPPVDPPHOWHVLFK(U]RJVHLQ%XFKZLHGHU YRUVLFK KLQ
|IIQHWH HV LQGHP HU VLFKWOLFK QDFK )DVVXQJ ULQJHQG LP =LPPHU
XPKHUEOLFNWHVHQNWHGDQQGHQ.RSIXQGKDWWHVLFKZLHGHUJHIXQGHQ
ª,FK ELQ EHIULHGLJW© VDJWH GHU 2UGLQDULXV DOV 7LPP JHHQGHW KDWWH
ª6LH KDEHQ JXW JHOHUQW GDV VWHKW DX‰HU =ZHLIHO 1XU HQWEHKUHQ 6LH
]XVHKUGHVUK\WKPLVFKHQ*HIKOHV7LPPhEHUGLH%LQGXQJHQVLQG
6LH VLFK NODU XQG GHQQRFK KDEHQ 6LH QLFKW HLJHQWOLFK +H[DPHWHU
JHVSURFKHQ,FKKDEHGHQ(LQGUXFNDOVRE6LHGDV*DQ]HZLH3URVD
DXVZHQGLJ JHOHUQW KlWWHQ« $EHU ZLH JHVDJW 6LH VLQG IOHL‰LJ
JHZHVHQ6LHKDEHQ,KU%HVWHVJHWDQXQGZHULPPHU VWUHEHQG VLFK
EHPKW«6LHN|QQHQVLFKVHW]HQ©
7LPP VHW]WH VLFK VWRO] XQG VWUDKOHQG XQG 'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN
VFKULHE HLQH ZRKO EHIULHGLJHQGH 1RWH KLQWHU VHLQHQ 1DPHQ 'DV
0HUNZUGLJH DEHU ZDU GD‰ LQ GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN QLFKW DOOHLQ GHU
/HKUHUVRQGHUQDXFK7LPPVHOEVWXQGVHLQHVlPWOLFKHQ.DPHUDGHQ
GHUDXIULFKWLJHQ$QVLFKWZDUHQGD‰7LPPZLUNOLFKXQGZDKUKDIWLJ
HLQ JXWHU XQG IOHL‰LJHU 6FKOHU VHL GHU VHLQH JXWH 1RWH YROODXI
YHUGLHQW KDWWH $XFK +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN ZDU DX‰HUVWDQGH VLFK
GLHVHP(LQGUXFN]XHQW]LHKHQREJOHLFKHUIKOWHZLHHWZDVLQLKP
VLFK PLW :LGHUZLOOHQ GDJHJHQ ZHKUWH« :LHGHU KRUFKWH HU
DQJHVSDQQW DXI GHQ 1DPHQ GHU QXQ HUW|QHQ ZUGH« ª0XPPH©
VDJWH'RNWRU0DQWHOVDFNª1RFKHLQPDO$XUHDSULPD«"©
$OVR0XPPH*RWWVHLJHOREWQXQZDU+DQQRZRKOLQ6LFKHUKHLW
=XP GULWWHQPDO ZUGHQ GLH 9HUVH NDXP UH]LWLHUW ZHUGHQ PVVHQ
XQGEHLGHU1HXSUlSDUDWLRQZDUGHU%XFKVWDEH%HUVWNU]OLFKDQGHU
5HLKHJHZHVHQ«
0XPPH HUKRE VLFK (U ZDU HLQ ODQJHU EOHLFKHU 0HQVFK PLW
]LWWHUQGHQ +lQGHQ XQG DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK JUR‰HQ UXQGHQ


%ULOOHQJOlVHUQ(UZDUDXJHQOHLGHQGXQGVRNXU]VLFKWLJGD‰HVLKP
XQP|JOLFK ZDU LP 6WHKHQ DXV HLQHP YRU LKP OLHJHQGHQ %XFKH ]X
OHVHQ (U PX‰WH OHUQHQ XQG HU KDWWH JHOHUQW 'D HU DEHU KHU]OLFK
XQEHJDEW ZDU XQG DX‰HUGHP QLFKW JHJODXEW KDWWH KHXWH DXIJHUXIHQ
]X ZHUGHQ VR ZX‰WH HU GHQQRFK QXU ZHQLJ XQG YHUVWXPPWH VFKRQ
QDFKGHQHUVWHQ:RUWHQ'RNWRU0DQWHOVDFNKDOILKPHLQHUKDOILKP
]XP]ZHLWHQ0DOHPLWVFKlUIHUHU6WLPPHXQG]XPGULWWHQ0DOHPLW
lX‰HUVW JHUHL]WHP 7RQH HLQ DOV DEHU 0XPPH GDQQ JDQ] XQG JDU
IHVWVD‰ZXUGHGHU2UGLQDULXVYRQKHIWLJHP=RUQHHUJULIIHQª'DVLVW
YROOVWlQGLJXQJHQJHQG0XPPH6HW]HQ6LHVLFKKLQ6LHVLQGHLQH
WUDXULJH)LJXUGHVVHQN|QQHQ6LHYHUVLFKHUWVHLQ6LH.UHWLQ'XPP
XQGIDXOLVW]XYLHOGHV*XWHQ«©
0XPPH YHUVDQN (U VDK DXV ZLH GDV 8QJOFN XQG HV JDE LQ
GLHVHP$XJHQEOLFNHQLHPDQGHQLP=LPPHUGHULKQQLFKWYHUDFKWHW
KlWWH $EHUPDOV VWLHJ HLQ :LGHUZLOOH HLQH $UW YRQ %UHFKUHL] LQ
+DQQR %XGGHQEURRN DXI XQG VFKQUWH LKP GLH .HKOH ]XVDPPHQ
*OHLFK]HLWLJDEHUEHREDFKWHWHHUPLWHQWVHW]OLFKHU.ODUKHLWZDVYRU
VLFK JLQJ 'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN PDOWH KHIWLJ HLQ =HLFKHQ YRQ E|VHU
%HGHXWXQJKLQWHU0XPPH¶V1DPHQXQGVDKVLFKGDQQPLWILQVWHUHQ
%UDXHQ LQ VHLQHP 1RWL]EXFK XP $XV =RUQ JLQJ HU ]XU
7DJHVRUGQXQJ EHU VDK QDFK ZHU HLJHQWOLFK DQ GHU 5HLKH ZDU HV
ZDU NODU 8QG DOV +DQQR YRQ GLHVHU (UNHQQWQLV JHUDGH JlQ]OLFK
EHUZlOWLJW ZDU K|UWH HU DXFK VFKRQ VHLQHQ 1DPHQ K|UWH LKQ ZLH
HLQHQ E|VHQ 7UDXP ª%XGGHQEURRN©  'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN KDWWH
ª%XGGHQEURRN© JHVDJW GHU 6FKDOO ZDU QRFK LQ GHU /XIW XQG
GHQQRFKJODXEWH+DQQRQLFKWGDUDQ(LQ6DXVHQZDULQVHLQHQ2KUHQ
HQWVWDQGHQ (U EOLHE VLW]HQ ª+HUU %XGGHQEURRN© VDJWH 'RNWRU
0DQWHOVDFN XQG VWDUUWH LKQ PLW VHLQHQ VDSKLUEODXHQ
KHUYRUTXHOOHQGHQ $XJHQ DQ GLH KLQWHU GHQ VFKDUIHQ %ULOOHQJOlVHUQ
JOlQ]WHQ«ª:ROOHQ6LHGLH*WHKDEHQ"©
*XW DOVR HV VROOWH VR VHLQ 6R KDWWH HV NRPPHQ PVVHQ *DQ]
DQGHUV DOV HU HV VLFK JHGDFKW KDWWH DEHU QXQ ZDU GHQQRFK DOOHV
YHUORUHQ (U ZDU QXQ JHID‰W 2E HV ZRKO HLQ VHKU JUR‰HV *HEUOO
JHEHQZUGH"(UVWDQGDXIXQGZDULP%HJULIIHHLQHXQVLQQLJHXQG
OlFKHUOLFKH (QWVFKXOGLJXQJ YRU]XEULQJHQ ]X VDJHQ GD‰ HU
¾YHUJHVVHQ½KDEHGLH9HUVH]XOHUQHQDOVHUSO|W]OLFKJHZDKUWHGD‰
VHLQ9RUGHUPDQQLKPGDVRIIHQH%XFKKLQKLHOW


6HLQ 9RUGHUPDQQ +DQV +HUPDQQ .LOLDQ ZDU HLQ .OHLQHU
%UDXQHU PLW IHWWHP +DDU XQG EUHLWHQ 6FKXOWHUQ (U ZROOWH 2IIL]LHU
ZHUGHQXQGZDUVREHVHHOWYRQ.DPHUDGVFKDIWOLFKNHLWGD‰HUVHOEVW
-RKDQQ %XGGHQEURRN GHQ HU GRFK QLFKW OHLGHQ PRFKWH QLFKW LP
6WLFKH OLH‰ (U ZLHV VRJDU PLW GHP =HLJHILQJHU DXI GLH 6WHOOH ZR
DQ]XIDQJHQZDU«
8QG +DQQR VWDUUWH GRUWKLQ XQG ILQJ DQ ]X OHVHQ 0LW ZDQNHQGHU
6WLPPH XQG YHU]RJHQHQ %UDXHQ XQG /LSSHQ ODV HU YRQ GHP
*ROGHQHQ=HLWDOWHUGDV]XHUVWHQWVSURVVHQZDUXQGRKQH5lFKHUDXV
IUHLHP :LOOHQ RKQH *HVHW]HVYRUVFKULIW 7UHXH XQG 5HFKW JHSIOHJW
KDWWH ª6WUDIH XQG )XUFKW ZDUHQ QLFKW YRUKDQGHQ© VDJWH HU DXI
ODWHLQLVFK ª(V ZXUGHQ ZHGHU GURKHQGH :RUWH DXI DQJHKHIWHWHU
HKHUQHU 7DIHO JHOHVHQ QRFK VFKHXWH GLH ELWWHQGH 6FKDU GDV $QWOLW]
LKUHV 5LFKWHUV«© (U ODV PLW JHTXlOWHP XQG DQJHHNHOWHP
*HVLFKWVDXVGUXFNODVPLW:LOOHQVFKOHFKWXQGXQ]XVDPPHQKlQJHQG
YHUQDFKOlVVLJWHDEVLFKWOLFKHLQ]HOQH%LQGXQJHQGLHLQ.LOLDQV%XFK
PLW%OHLVWLIWDQJHJHEHQZDUHQVSUDFKIHKOHUKDIWH9HUVHVWRFNWHXQG
DUEHLWHWHVLFKVFKHLQEDUQXUPKVDPYRUZlUWVLPPHUJHZlUWLJGD‰
GHU2UGLQDULXVDOOHVHQWGHFNHQXQGVLFKDXILKQVWU]HQZHUGH«'HU
GLHELVFKH*HQX‰GDVRIIHQH%XFKYRUVLFK]XVHKHQYHUXUVDFKWHHLQ
3ULFNHOQLQVHLQHU+DXWDEHUHUZDUYROO:LGHUZLOOHQXQGEHWURJPLW
$EVLFKW VR VFKOHFKW ZLH P|JOLFK QXU XP GHQ %HWUXJ GDGXUFK
ZHQLJHUJHPHLQ]XPDFKHQ'DQQVFKZLHJHUXQGHVHQWVWDQGHLQH
6WLOOH LQ GHU HU QLFKW DXI]XEOLFNHQ ZDJWH 'LHVH 6WLOOH ZDU
HQWVHW]OLFKHUZDUEHU]HXJWGD‰'RNWRU0DQWHOVDFNDOOHVJHVHKHQ
KDEH XQG VHLQH /LSSHQ ZDUHQ JDQ] ZHL‰ 6FKOLH‰OLFK DEHU VHXI]WH
GHU 2UGLQDULXV XQG VDJWH ª2 %XGGHQEURRN VL WDFXLVVHV 6LH
HQWVFKXOGLJHQ ZRKO DXVQDKPVZHLVH GDV NODVVLVFKH 'X« :LVVHQ
6LH ZDV 6LH JHWDQ KDEHQ" 6LH KDEHQ GLH 6FK|QKHLW LQ GHQ 6WDXE
JH]RJHQ6LHKDEHQVLFKEHQRPPHQZLHHLQ9DQGDOHZLHHLQ%DUEDU
6LHVLQGHLQDPXVLVFKHV*HVFK|SI%XGGHQEURRNPDQVLHKWHV,KQHQ
DQGHU1DVHDQ:HQQLFKPLFKIUDJHRE6LHGLHJDQ]H=HLWJHKXVWHW
RGHU HUKDEHQH 9HUVH JHVSURFKHQ KDEHQ VR QHLJH LFK PHKU GHU
HUVWHUHQ$QVLFKW]X
7LPP KDW ZHQLJ UK\WKPLVFKHV *HIKO HQWZLFNHOW DEHU JHJHQ 6LH
LVW HU HLQ *HQLH HLQ 5KDSVRGH« 6HW]HQ 6LH VLFK 8QVHOLJHU 6LH
KDEHQ JHOHUQW JHZL‰ 6LH KDEHQ JHOHUQW ,FK NDQQ ,KQHQ NHLQ


VFKOHFKWHV =HXJQLV JHEHQ 6LH KDEHQ VLFK ZRKO QDFK .UlIWHQ
EHPKW« +|UHQ 6LH HU]lKOW PDQ VLFK QLFKW GD‰ 6LH PXVLNDOLVFK
VLQG GD‰ 6LH .ODYLHU VSLHOHQ" :LH LVW GDV P|JOLFK"« 1XQ HV LVW
JXWVHW]HQ6LHVLFK6LHP|JHQIOHL‰LJJHZHVHQVHLQHVLVWJXW©
(U VFKULHE HLQH EHIULHGLJHQGH 1RWH LQ VHLQ 7DVFKHQEXFK XQG
+DQQR%XGGHQEURRNVHW]WHVLFK:LHHVYRUKLQEHLGHP5KDSVRGHQ
7LPP JHZHVHQ ZDU VR ZDU HV DXFK MHW]W (U NRQQWH QLFKW XPKLQ
VLFK GXUFK GDV /RE GDV LQ 'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFNV :RUWHQ HQWKDOWHQ
JHZHVHQ ZDU DXIULFKWLJ JHWURIIHQ ]X IKOHQ (U ZDU LQ GLHVHP
$XJHQEOLFNHUQVWOLFKGHU0HLQXQJGD‰HUHLQHWZDVXQEHJDEWHUDEHU
IOHL‰LJHU 6FKOHU VHL GHU YHUKlOWQLVPl‰LJ PLW (KUHQ DXV GHU 6DFKH
KHUYRUJHJDQJHQZDUXQGHUHPSIDQGGHXWOLFKGD‰VHLQHVlPWOLFKHQ
.ODVVHQJHQRVVHQ +DQV +HUPDQQ .LOLDQ QLFKW DXVJHVFKORVVHQ
HEHQGHUVHOEHQ $QVFKDXXQJ KXOGLJWHQ :LHGHU UHJWH VLFK HWZDV ZLH
hEHONHLW LQ LKP DEHU HU ZDU ]X HUPDWWHW XP EHU GLH 9RUJlQJH
QDFK]XGHQNHQ%OHLFKXQG]LWWHUQGVFKOR‰HUGLH$XJHQXQGYHUVDQN
LQ/HWKDUJLH«
'RNWRU0DQWHOVDFNDEHUVHW]WHGHQ8QWHUULFKWIRUW(UJLQJ]XGHQ
9HUVHQ EHU GLH IU KHXWH QHX ]X SUlSDULHUHQ ZDUHQ XQG ULHI
3HWHUVHQDXI3HWHUVHQHUKREVLFKIULVFKPXQWHUXQG]XYHUVLFKWOLFK
LQWDSIHUHU$WWLWGHVWUHLWEDUXQGEHUHLWGHQ6WUDX‰]XZDJHQ8QG
GHQQRFK ZDU LKP KHXWH GHU 8QWHUJDQJ EHVWLPPW -D GLH 6WXQGH
VROOWH QLFKW YRUEHUJHKHQ RKQH GD‰ HLQH .DWDVWURSKH HLQWUDW ZHLW
VFKUHFNOLFKHUDOVGLHMHQLJHPLWGHPDUPHQNXU]VLFKWLJHQ0XPPH«
3HWHUVHQ EHUVHW]WHLQGHP HU GDQQ XQG ZDQQ HLQHQ %OLFN DXI GLH
DQGHUH6HLWHVHLQHV%XFKHVZDUIGRUWKLQZRHUHLJHQWOLFKJDUQLFKWV
]XVXFKHQKDWWH(UWULHEGLHVPLW*HVFKLFN(UWDWDOVVW|UHLKQGRUW
HWZDVIXKU PLW GHU +DQG GDUEHUKLQ XQG EOLHV GDUDXI DOV JHOWH HV
HLQ 6WDXEIlVHUFKHQ RGHU GHUJOHLFKHQ ]X HQWIHUQHQ GDV LKQ
LQNRPPRGLHUWH8QGGRFKHUIROJWHQXQGDV(QWVHW]OLFKH
'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN QlPOLFK YROOIKUWH SO|W]OLFK HLQH KHIWLJH
%HZHJXQJ GLH 3HWHUVHQ PLW HLQHU HEHQVROFKHQ %HZHJXQJ
EHDQWZRUWHWH8QGLQ GHPVHOEHQ $XJHQEOLFN YHUOLH‰ GHU 2UGLQDULXV
GDV.DWKHGHUHUVWU]WHVLFKI|UPOLFKNRSIEHUKLQDEXQGJLQJ PLW
ODQJHQXQDXIKDOWVDPHQ6FKULWWHQDXI3HWHUVHQ]Xª6LHKDEHQHLQHQ
6FKOVVHO LP %XFKH HLQH hEHUVHW]XQJ© VDJWH HU DOV HU EHL LKP
VWDQG ª(LQHQ 6FKOVVHO« LFK« QHLQ«© VWDPPHOWH 3HWHUVHQ (V


ZDUHLQKEVFKHU-XQJHPLWHLQHPEORQGHQ+DDUZXOVWEHUGHU6WLUQ
XQG DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK VFK|QHQ EODXHQ $XJHQ GLH MHW]W DQJVWYROO
IODFNHUWHQª6LHKDEHQNHLQHQ6FKOVVHOLP%XFKH"©
ª1HLQ«+HUU2EHUOHKUHU«+HUU'RNWRU«(LQHQ6FKOVVHO"«,FK
KDEH ZDKUKDIWLJ NHLQHQ 6FKOVVHO« 6LH EHILQGHQ VLFK LP ,UUWXP«
6LHKDEHQPLFKLQHLQHPIDOVFKHQ9HUGDFKW«©3HWHUVHQUHGHWHZLH
PDQ HLJHQWOLFK QLFKW ]X UHGHQ SIOHJWH 'LH $QJVW EHZLUNWH GD‰ HU
RUGHQWOLFKJHZlKOWVSUDFKLQGHU$EVLFKWGDGXUFKGHQ2UGLQDULXV]X
HUVFKWWHUQ ª,FK EHWUJH QLFKW© VDJWH HU DXV EHUJUR‰HU 1RW ª,FK
ELQLPPHUHKUOLFKJHZHVHQ«PHLQ/HEWDJ©
$EHU 'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN ZDU VHLQHU WUDXULJHQ 6DFKH DOO]X VLFKHU
ª*HEHQ6LHPLU,KU%XFK©VDJWHHUNDOW
3HWHUVHQNODPPHUWHVLFKDQVHLQ%XFKHUKREHVEHVFKZ|UHQGPLW
EHLGHQ +lQGHQ HPSRU XQG IXKU IRUW PLW KDOE JHOlKPWHU =XQJH ]X
GHNODPLHUHQ ª*ODXEHQ 6LH PLU GRFK« +HUU 2EHUOHKUHU« +HUU
'RNWRU«(VLVWQLFKWVLP%XFKH«,FKKDEHNHLQHQ6FKOVVHO«,FK
KDEHQLFKWEHWURJHQ«,FKELQLPPHUHKUOLFKJHZHVHQ«©
ª*HEHQ 6LH PLU GDV %XFK© ZLHGHUKROWH GHU 2UGLQDULXV XQG
VWDPSIWHPLWGHP)X‰H
'DHUVFKODIIWH3HWHUVHQXQGVHLQ*HVLFKWZXUGHJDQ]JUDXª*XW©
VDJWHHUXQGOLHIHUWHGDV%XFKDXVªKLHULVWHV-DHVLVWHLQ6FKOVVHO
GDULQ 6HKHQ 6LH VHOEVW GD VWHFNW HU« $EHU LFK KDEH LKQ QLFKW
JHEUDXFKW©VFKULHHUSO|W]OLFKLQGLH/XIWKLQHLQ
$OOHLQ'RNWRU0DQWHOVDFNEHUK|UWHGLHVHXQVLQQLJH/JHGLHGHU
9HU]ZHLIOXQJHQWVSUDQJ(U]RJGHQª6FKOVVHO©KHUYRUEHWUDFKWHWH
LKQ PLW HLQHP *HVLFKW DOV KlWWH HU VWLQNHQGHQ 8QUDW LQ GHU +DQG
VFKRELKQLQGLH7DVFKHXQGZDUIGHQ2YLGYHUlFKWOLFKDXI3HWHUVHQV
3ODW]]XUFNª'DV.ODVVHQEXFK©VDJWHHUGXPSI
$GROI7RGWHQKDXSWEUDFKWHGLHQVWEHIOLVVHQGDV.ODVVHQEXFKKHUEHL
XQG 3HWHUVHQ HUKLHOW HLQHQ 7DGHO ZHJHQ YHUVXFKWHQ %HWUXJHV ZDV
LKQDXIODQJH=HLWKLQDXV YHUQLFKWHWH XQG GLH 8QP|JOLFKNHLWVHLQHU
9HUVHW]XQJ ]X 2VWHUQ EHVLHJHOWH ª6LH VLQG GHU 6FKDQGIOHFN GHU
.ODVVH© VDJWH 'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN QRFK XQG NHKUWH GDQQ ]XP
.DWKHGHU]XUFN
3HWHUVHQVHW]WHVLFKXQGZDUJHULFKWHW0DQVDKGHXWOLFKZLHVHLQ
1HEHQPDQQHLQ6WFNYRQLKPZHJUFNWH$OOHEHWUDFKWHWHQLKQPLW


HLQHP *HPLVFK YRQ (NHO 0LWOHLG XQG *UDXHQ (U ZDU JHVWU]W
HLQVDP XQG YROONRPPHQ YHUODVVHQ GDUXP GD‰ HU HUWDSSW ZRUGHQ
ZDU(VJDEQXUHLQH0HLQXQJEHU3HWHUVHQXQGGDVZDUGLHGD‰HU
ZLUNOLFK ªGHU 6FKDQGIOHFN GHU .ODVVH© VHL 0DQ DQHUNDQQWH XQG
DN]HSWLHUWHVHLQHQ)DOOHEHQVRZLGHUVWDQGVORVZLHPDQ7LPPVXQG
%XGGHQEURRNV (UIROJH XQG GDV 8QJOFN GHV DUPHQ 0XPPH
DQHUNDQQWXQGDN]HSWLHUWKDWWH«8QGHUVHOEVWWDWGHVJOHLFKHQ
:HU XQWHU GLHVHQ IQIXQG]ZDQ]LJ MXQJHQ /HXWHQ YRQ
UHFKWVFKDIIHQHU .RQVWLWXWLRQ VWDUN XQG WFKWLJ IU GDV /HEHQ ZDU
ZLHHVLVWGHUQDKPLQGLHVHP$XJHQEOLFNHGLH'LQJHY|OOLJZLHVLH
ODJHQ IKOWH VLFK QLFKW GXUFK VLH EHOHLGLJW XQG IDQG GD‰ DOOHV
VHOEVWYHUVWlQGOLFKXQGLQGHU2UGQXQJVHL$EHUHVJDEDXFK$XJHQ
GLH VLFK LQ ILQVWHUHU 1DFKGHQNOLFKNHLW DXI HLQHQ 3XQNW ULFKWHWHQ«
'HUNOHLQH-RKDQQVWDUUWHDXI+DQV+HUPDQQ.LOLDQVEUHLWHQ5FNHQ
XQG VHLQH JROGEUDXQHQ EOlXOLFK XPVFKDWWHWHQ $XJHQ ZDUHQ JDQ]
YROO YRQ $EVFKHX :LGHUVWDQG XQG )XUFKW« 'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN
DEHU IXKU IRUW ]X XQWHUULFKWHQ (U ULHI HLQHQ DQGHUHQ 6FKOHU DXI
LUJHQGHLQHQ$GROI7RGWHQKDXSWZHLOHUIUKHXWHJDQ]XQGJDUGLH
/XVW YHUORUHQ KDWWH GLH =ZHLIHOKDIWHQ ]X SUIHQ 8QG GDQQ NDP
QRFKHLQHUGDUDQGHUPl‰LJYRUEHUHLWHWZDUXQGQLFKWHLQPDOZX‰WH
ZDV ªSDWXOD -RYLV DUERUH JODQGHV© KLH‰ ZHVKDOE %XGGHQEURRN HV
VDJHQPX‰WH«(UVDJWHHVOHLVHXQGRKQHDXI]XEOLFNHQZHLO'RNWRU
0DQWHOVDFNLKQIUDJWHXQGHUKLHOWHLQ.RSIQLFNHQGDIU
8QG DOV HV PLW GHQ 3URGXNWLRQHQ GHU 6FKOHU ]X (QGH ZDU KDWWH
GLH 6WXQGH DXFK MHGHV ,QWHUHVVH YHUORUHQ 'RNWRU 0DQWHOVDFN OLH‰
HLQHQ +RFKEHJDEWHQ DXI HLJHQH )DXVW ZHLWHU EHUVHW]HQ XQG K|UWH
HEHQVRZHQLJ]XZLHGLHDQGHUHQYLHUXQG]ZDQ]LJGLHDQILQJHQVLFK
IU GLH QlFKVWH 6WXQGH ]X SUlSDULHUHQ 'LHV ZDU QXQ JOHLFKJOWLJ
0DQ NRQQWH QLHPDQGHP HLQ =HXJQLV GDIU JHEHQ QRFK EHUKDXSW
GHQ GLHQVWOLFKHQ (LIHU GDUQDFK EHXUWHLOHQ« $XFK ZDU GLH 6WXQGH
QXQ JOHLFK ]X (QGH 6LH ZDU ]X (QGH HV VFKHOOWH 6R KDWWH HV
NRPPHQ VROOHQ IU +DQQR 6RJDU HLQ .RSIQLFNHQ KDWWH HU
EHNRPPHQª1XQ©VDJWH.DLDOVVLHLQPLWWHQGHU.DPHUDGHQEHU
GLHJRWLVFKHQ.RUULGRUHLQV&KHPLH]LPPHUJLQJHQǻ:DVVDJVWGX
MHW]W +DQQR ¾:HQQ VLH GLH 6WLUQ GHV &lVDU ZHUGHQ VHKHQ«½ 'X
KDVWHLQXQHUK|UWHV*OFNJHKDEW©


ª0LULVWEHO.DL©VDJWHGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQª,FKZLOOHVJDUQLFKW
GDV*OFNHVPDFKWPLUEHO«©
8QG.DLZX‰WHGD‰HULQ+DQQR¶V/DJHJHQDXVRHPSIXQGHQKDEHQ
ZUGH
'DV &KHPLH]LPPHU ZDU HLQ *HZ|OEH PLW DPSKLWKHDWUDOLVFK
DXIVWHLJHQGHQ %lQNHQ HLQHP ODQJHQ ([SHULPHQWLHUWLVFK XQG ]ZHL
*ODVVFKUlQNHQ YROOHU 3KLROHQ 'LH /XIW ZDU LQ GHU .ODVVH ]XOHW]W
ZLHGHU VHKU KHL‰ XQG VFKOHFKW JHZHVHQ DEHU KLHU ZDU VLH JHVlWWLJW
PLW 6FKZHIHOZDVVHUVWRII PLW GHP VRHEHQ H[SHULPHQWLHUW ZRUGHQ
ZDUXQGVWDQNEHUDOOH0D‰HQ.DLUL‰GDV)HQVWHUDXIVWDKOGDQQ
$GROI 7RGWHQKDXSWV 5HLQVFKULIWKHIW XQG EHJDQQ LQ JUR‰HU (LOH GDV
3HQVXP DE]XVFKUHLEHQ GDV KHXWH YRU]XZHLVHQ ZDU +DQQR XQG
PHKUHUHDQGHUH6FKOHUWDWHQGDVVHOEH'DVQDKPGLHJDQ]H3DXVHLQ
$QVSUXFKELVHVVFKHOOWHXQG'RNWRU0DURW]NHHUVFKLHQ
'LHVZDUGHUWLHIH2EHUOHKUHUZLH.DLXQG+DQQRLKQQDQQWHQ(V
ZDU HLQ PLWWHOJUR‰HU EUQHWWHU 0DQQ PLW DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK JHOEHP
7HLQW]ZHL:OVWHQDQGHU6WLUQHLQHPKDUWHQXQGVFKPLHULJHQ%DUW
XQG HEHQVROFKHP +DXSWKDDU (U VDK EHVWlQGLJ EHUQlFKWLJ XQG
XQJHZDVFKHQ DXV ZDV DEHU ZRKO DXI 7lXVFKXQJ EHUXKWH (U
XQWHUULFKWHWHLQGHQ1DWXUZLVVHQVFKDIWHQDEHUVHLQ+DXSWJHELHWZDU
GLH0DWKHPDWLNXQGHUJDOWIUHLQHQEHGHXWHQGHQ'HQNHULQGLHVHP
)DFKH (U OLHEWH HV YRQ GHQ SKLORVRSKLVFKHQ 6WHOOHQ GHU %LEHO ]X
VSUHFKHQXQG]XZHLOHQLQJXWHUXQGWUlXPHULVFKHU6WLPPXQJOLH‰
HU VLFK YRU 6HNXQGDQHUQ XQG 3ULPDQHUQ KHUDE VHOWVDPH
$XVOHJXQJHQJHKHLPQLVYROOHU6FKULIWVWHLOHQ]XOLHIHUQ«$X‰HUGHP
DEHU ZDU HU 5HVHUYHRIIL]LHU XQG ]ZDU PLW %HJHLVWHUXQJ $OV
%HDPWHU GHU ]XJOHLFK 0LOLWlU ZDU VWDQG HU EHL 'LUHNWRU :XOLFNH
DXIVEHVWHDQJHVFKULHEHQ(UKLHOWYRQDOOHQ/HKUHUQDPPHLVWHQDXI
'LV]LSOLQ PXVWHUWH GLH )URQW GHU VWUDPPVWHKHQGHQ 6FKOHU PLW
NULWLVFKHP%OLFNXQGYHUODQJWHNXU]HXQGVFKDUIH$QWZRUWHQ'LHVH
0LVFKXQJ YRQ 0\VWL]LVPXV XQG 6FKQHLGLJNHLW ZDU HLQ ZHQLJ
DEVWR‰HQG«
'LH 5HLQVFKULIWHQ ZXUGHQ YRUJH]HLJW XQG 'RNWRU 0DURW]NH JLQJ
XPKHU XQG WLSSWH DXI MHGHV +HIW PLW GHP )LQJHU ZREHL JHZLVVH
6FKOHUGLHQLFKWVJHVFKULHEHQKDWWHQLKPJDQ]DQGHUH%FKHURGHU
DOWH$UEHLWHQYRUOHJWHQRKQHGD‰HUGLHVEHPHUNWH


'DQQ EHJDQQ HU GHQ 8QWHUULFKW XQG ZLH VRHEHQ JHOHJHQWOLFK GHV
2YLG VR KDWWHQ GLH IQIXQG]ZDQ]LJ MXQJHQ /HXWH VLFK MHW]W PLW
5FNVLFKW DXI %RU &KORU RGHU 6WURQWLXP EHU LKUHQ 'LHQVWHLIHU
DXV]XZHLVHQ +DQV +HUPDQQ .LOLDQ ZDUG EHORELJW ZHLO HU ZX‰WH
GD‰ %D62 RGHU 6FKZHUVSDW GDV JHEUlXFKOLFKVWH )lOVFKXQJVPLWWHO
VHL hEHUKDXSW ZDU HU GHU %HVWH GDUXP ZHLO HU 2IIL]LHU ZHUGHQ
ZROOWH+DQQRXQG.DLZX‰WHQJDUQLFKWVXQGLQ'RNWRU0DURW]NHV
1RWL]EXFKHUJLQJHVLKQHQEHO
8QGDOVHVPLWGHP3UIHQ9HUK|UHQXQG=HXJQLVJHEHQ ]X (QGH
ZDU ZDU DXFK GDV ,QWHUHVVH DQ GHU &KHPLHVWXQGH DOOHUVHLWV VR JXW
ZLH HUVFK|SIW 'RNWRU 0DURW]NH ILQJ DQ HLQ SDDU ([SHULPHQWH ]X
PDFKHQ HLQ ZHQLJ ]X NQDOOHQ XQG IDUELJH 'lPSIH ]X HQWZLFNHOQ
DEHU GDV ZDU JOHLFKVDP QXU XP GHQ 5HVW GHU 6WXQGH DXV]XIOOHQ
6FKOLH‰OLFKGLNWLHUWHHUGDV3HQVXPGDVIUVQlFKVWH0DO]XOHUQHQ
ZDU'DQQNOLQJHOWHHVXQGDXFKGLHGULWWH6WXQGHZDUYRUEHU
$OOHZDUHQYHUJQJWELVDXI3HWHUVHQGHQHVKHXWHJHWURIIHQKDWWH
GHQQ MHW]W NDP HLQH OXVWLJH 6WXQGH YRU GHU VLFK NHLQH 6HHOH ]X
IUFKWHQ EUDXFKWH XQG GLH QLFKWV DOV 8QIXJ XQG $PVHPHQW
YHUVSUDFK (V ZDU GDV (QJOLVFKH EHL GHP .DQGLGDWHQ 0RGHUVRKQ
HLQHP MXQJHQ 3KLORORJHQ GHU VHLW HLQ SDDU :RFKHQ SUREHZHLVH LQ
GHU $QVWDOW ZLUNWH RGHU ZLH .DL *UDI 0|OOQ HV DXVGUFNWH HLQ
*DVWVSLHODXI(QJDJHPHQWDEVROYLHUWH$EHUHUKDWWHZHQLJ$XVVLFKW
HQJDJLHUW]XZHUGHQHVJLQJDOO]XIU|KOLFKLQVHLQHQ6WXQGHQ]X«
(LQLJH EOLHEHQ LP &KHPLHVDDOH XQG DQGHUH JLQJHQ LQV
.ODVVHQ]LPPHUKLQDXIDEHUDXIGHP+RIHEUDXFKWHMHW]WQLHPDQG]X
IULHUHQ GHQQ GUREHQ DXI GHP .RUULGRU KDWWH VFKRQ ZlKUHQG GHU
3DXVH +HUU 0RGHUVRKQ GLH $XIVLFKW XQG GHU ZDJWH NHLQHQ
KLQXQWHU]XVFKLFNHQ $XFK JDOW HV 9RUEHUHLWXQJHQ ]X VHLQHP
(PSIDQJH]XWUHIIHQ«
(V ZXUGH QLFKW HLQPDO HLQ ZHQLJ VWLOOHU LQ GHU .ODVVH DOV HV ]XU
YLHUWHQ6WXQGHVFKHOOWH$OOHVVFKZDW]WHXQGODFKWHYROO)UHXGHDXI
GHQ7DQ]GHUQXQEHYRUVWDQG*UDI0|OOQGHQ.RSILQEHLGH+lQGH
JHVWW]W IXKU IRUW VLFK PLW 5RGHULFK 8VKHU ]X EHVFKlIWLJHQ XQG
+DQQR VD‰ VWLOO XQG VDK GHP 6SHNWDNHO ]X (LQLJH DKPWHQ
7LHUVWLPPHQQDFK(LQ+DKQHQVFKUHL]HUUL‰GLH/XIWXQGGRUWKLQWHQ
VD‰:DVVHUYRJHOXQGJUXQ]WHJHQDXZLHHLQ6FKZHLQRKQHGD‰PDQ
VHKHQ NRQQWH GD‰ GLHVH /DXWH DXV VHLQHP ,QQHUQ NDPHQ $Q GHU


:DQGWDIHO SUDQJWH HLQH JUR‰H .UHLGH]HLFKQXQJ HLQH VFKLHOHQGH
)UDW]HGLHGHU5KDSVRGH7LPPYROOEUDFKWKDWWH8QGDOVGDQQ+HUU
0RGHUVRKQHLQWUDWNRQQWHHUWURW]GHUKHIWLJVWHQ$QVWUHQJXQJHQGLH
7UQLFKWKLQWHUVLFKVFKOLH‰HQZHLOHLQGLFNHU7DQQHQ]DSIHQLQGHU
6SDOWH VWDN GHU HUVW YRQ $GROI 7RGWHQKDXSW HQWIHUQW ZHUGHQ
PX‰WH«
'HU .DQGLGDW 0RGHUVRKQ ZDU HLQ NOHLQHU XQDQVHKQOLFKHU 0DQQ
GHU EHLP *HKHQ HLQH 6FKXOWHU VFKUlJ YRUDQVFKRE PLW HLQHP
VlXHUOLFKYHU]RJHQHQ*HVLFKWXQGVHKUGQQHPVFKZDU]HP%DUW(U
ZDU LQ IXUFKWEDUHU 9HUOHJHQKHLW ,PPHU ]ZLQNHUWH HU PLW VHLQHQ
EODQNHQ$XJHQ]RJGHQ$WHPHLQXQG|IIQHWHGHQ0XQGDOVZROOWH
HUHWZDVVDJHQ$EHUHUIDQGQLFKWGLH:RUWHGLHQ|WLJZDUHQ1DFK
GUHL6FKULWWHQGLHHUYRQGHU7U DXV ]XUFNJHOHJW WUDW HUDXIHLQH
.QDOOHUEVH HLQH .QDOOHUEVH YRQ VHOWHQHU 4XDOLWlW GLH HLQHQ /lUP
YHUXUVDFKWH DOV KDEH HU DXI '\QDPLW JHWUHWHQ (U IXKU KHIWLJ
]XVDPPHQOlFKHOWHGDQQLQVHLQHU1RWWDWDOVVHLQLFKWVJHVFKHKHQ
XQGVWHOOWHVLFKYRUGLHPLWWOHUH%DQNUHLKHLQGHPHUVLFKQDFKVHLQHU
*HZRKQKHLWVFKLHIJHEFNWPLWHLQHU+DQGIOlFKHDXIGLHYRUGHUVWH
3XOWSODWWH VWW]WH $EHU PDQ NDQQWH GLHVH VHLQH /LHEOLQJVVWHOOXQJ
XQGGDUXPKDWWHPDQGLHVH6WHOOHGHV7LVFKHVPLW7LQWHEHVFKPLHUW
VR GD‰ +HUU 0RGHUVRKQ VLFK QXQ VHLQH JDQ]H NOHLQH XQJHVFKLFNWH
+DQGEHVXGHOWH(UWDWDOVEHPHUNHHUHVQLFKWOHJWHGLHQDVVHXQG
JHVFKZlU]WH+DQGDXIGHQ5FNHQEOLQ]HOWHXQGVDJWHPLWZHLFKHU
XQG VFKZDFKHU 6WLPPH ª'LH 2UGQXQJ LQ GHU .ODVVH Ol‰W ]X
ZQVFKHQEULJ©
+DQQR %XGGHQEURRN OLHEWH LKQLQ GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN XQG EOLFNWH
XQEHZHJOLFKLQVHLQKLOIORVYHU]RJHQHV*HVLFKW$EHU:DVVHUYRJHOV
*UXQ]HQZDUGLPPHUODXWHUXQGQDWUOLFKHUXQGSO|W]OLFKSUDVVHOWHQ
HLQH0HQJH(UEVHQJHJHQGLH)HQVWHUVFKHLEHSUDOOWHQDEXQGILHOHQ
UDVVHOQG LQV =LPPHU ]XUFN ª(V KDJHOW© VDJWH MHPDQG ODXW XQG
GHXWOLFK XQG +HUU 0RGHUVRKQ VFKLHQ GLHV ]X JODXEHQ GHQQ HU ]RJ
VLFK RKQH ZHLWHUHV DXIV .DWKHGHU ]XUFN XQG YHUODQJWH QDFK GHP
.ODVVHQEXFKH 'LHV WDW HU QLFKW XP MHPDQGHQ HLQ]XVFKUHLEHQ
VRQGHUQ REJOHLFK HU EHUHLWV IQI RGHU VHFKV 8QWHUULFKWVVWXQGHQ LQ
GLHVHU.ODVVHHUWHLOWKDWWHNDQQWHHUGRFKGLH6FKOHUELVDXIHLQLJH
ZHQLJHQRFKQLFKWXQGZDUJHQ|WLJWGLH1DPHQDXIV*HUDWHZRKODXV


GHP VFKULIWOLFKHQ 9HU]HLFKQLV DE]XOHVHQ ª)HGGHUPDQQ© VDJWH HU
ªZROOHQ6LHELWWHGDV*HGLFKWDXIVDJHQ©
ª)HKOW© VFKULH HLQH 0HQJH YHUVFKLHGHQDUWLJHU 6WLPPHQ 8QG
GDEHLVD‰)HGGHUPDQQJUR‰XQGEUHLWDQVHLQHP3ODW]HXQGVFKQHOOWH
PLWXQJODXEOLFKHU*HVFKLFNOLFKNHLW(UEVHQGXUFKGLHJDQ]H6WXEH
+HUU 0RGHUVRKQ EOLQ]HOWH XQG EXFKVWDELHUWH VLFK HLQHQ QHXHQ
1DPHQ ]XVDPPHQ ª:DVVHUYRJHO© VDJWH HU ª9HUVWRUEHQ© ULHI
3HWHUVHQ GHU YRP *DOJHQKXPRU HUJULIIHQ ZRUGHQ ZDU 8QG XQWHU
)‰HVFKDUUHQ *HJUXQ] *HNUlK XQG +RKQJHOlFKWHU ZLHGHUKROWHQ
DOOHGD‰:DVVHUYRJHOWRWVHL
+HUU 0RGHUVRKQ EOLQ]HOWH DEHUPDOV HU EOLFNWH XP VLFK YHU]RJ
VlXHUOLFKGHQ0XQGXQGVDKGDQQZLHGHULQV.ODVVHQEXFKLQGHPHU
PLWVHLQHUNOHLQHQXQJHVFKLFNWHQ+DQG DXI GHQ 1DPHQ ]HLJWH GHQ
HUQXQDXIUXIHQZROOWHª3HUOHPDQQ©VDJWHHURKQHYLHO=XYHUVLFKW
ª/HLGHUGHP:DKQVLQQYHUIDOOHQ©VSUDFK.DL*UDI0|OOQNODUXQG
IHVWXQGXQWHUZDFKVHQGHP+DOORZXUGHDXFKGLHVEHVWlWLJW
'D VWDQG +HUU 0RGHUVRKQ DXI XQG ULHI LQ GHQ /lUP KLQHLQ
ª%XGGHQEURRN 6LH ZHUGHQ PLU HLQH 6WUDIDUEHLW DQIHUWLJHQ
:LHGHUKROWVLFK,KU/DFKHQVRZHUGHLFK6LHWDGHOQPVVHQ©
'DQQ VHW]WH HU VLFK ZLHGHU  ,Q GHU 7DW %XGGHQEURRN KDWWH
JHODFKW HU ZDU EHU .DLV :LW] LQ HLQ OHLVHV XQG KHIWLJHV /DFKHQ
JHUDWHQGHPHUQLFKW(LQKDOWJHELHWHQNRQQWH(UIDQGLKQJXWXQG
EHVRQGHUV GDV ªOHLGHU© HUVFKWWHUWH LKQ PLW .RPLN $OV DEHU +HUU
0RGHUVRKQ LKQ DQKHUUVFKWH ZXUGH HU UXKLJ XQG EOLFNWH VWLOO XQG
ILQVWHU DXI GHQ .DQGLGDWHQ (U VDK LQ GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN DOOHV DQ
LKPMHGHVMlPPHUOLFKH+lUFKHQVHLQHV%DUWHVGHUEHUDOOGLH+DXW
GXUFKVFKHLQHQ OLH‰ XQG VHLQH EUDXQHQ EODQNHQ KRIIQXQJVORVHQ
$XJHQ VDK GD‰ HU JOHLFKVDP ]ZHL 3DDU 0DQVFKHWWHQ DQ VHLQHQ
NOHLQHQ XQJHVFKLFNWHQ +lQGHQWUXJ ZHLO VHLQH +HPGlUPHO DQ GHQ
*HOHQNHQ HEHQVR ODQJ XQG EUHLW ZDUHQ ZLH GLH HLJHQWOLFKHQ
0DQVFKHWWHQVDKVHLQHJDQ]HDUPVHOLJHXQGYHU]ZHLIHOWH*HVWDOW(U
VDK DXFK LQ VHLQ ,QQHUHV KLQHLQ +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN ZDU EHLQDKH
GHUHLQ]LJHGHQ+HUU0RGHUVRKQVFKRQPLW1DPHQNDQQWHXQGGDV
EHQXW]WH HU GD]X LKQ EHVWlQGLJ ]XU 2UGQXQJ ]X UXIHQ LKP
6WUDIDUEHLWHQ ]X GLNWLHUHQ XQG LKQ ]X W\UDQQLVLHUHQ (U NDQQWH GHQ
6FKOHU %XGGHQEURRN QXU GHVKDOE ZHLO HU VLFK GXUFK VWLOOHV


9HUKDOWHQYRQGHQDQGHUHQXQWHUVFKLHGHQKDWWHXQGGLHVH6DQIWPXW
QW]WHHUGD]X DXV LKQ XQDXIK|UOLFK GLH $XWRULWlW IKOHQ ]X ODVVHQ
GLHHU GHQ /DXWHQ XQG )UHFKHQ JHJHQEHU QLFKW JHOWHQG ]X PDFKHQ
ZDJWH 6HOEVW GDV 0LWOHLG ZLUG HLQHP DXI (UGHQ GXUFK GLH
*HPHLQKHLW XQP|JOLFK JHPDFKW GDFKWH +DQQR ,FK QHKPH QLFKW
GDUDQ WHLO 6LH ]X TXlOHQ XQG DXV]XEHXWHQ .DQGLGDW 0RGHUVRKQ
ZHLO LFK GDV EUXWDO Kl‰OLFK XQG JHZ|KQOLFK ILQGH XQG ZLH
DQWZRUWHQ 6LH PLU" $EHUVR LVWHVVR LVWHV VR ZLUG HV LPPHU XQG
EHUDOO VLFK YHUKDOWHQ GDFKWH HU XQG )XUFKW XQG hEHONHLW VWLHJHQ
ZLHGHULQLKPDXI8QGGD‰LFK6LHREHQGUHLQVRZLGHUOLFKGHXWOLFK
GXUFKVFKDXHQPX‰
(QGOLFKIDQGVLFKHLQHUGHUZHGHUWRWQRFKZDKQVLQQLJZDUXQGHV
EHUQHKPHQ ZROOWH GLH HQJOLVFKHQ 9HUVH DXI]XVDJHQ (V KDQGHOWH
VLFK XP HLQ *HGLFKW GDV ¾7KH PRQNH\½ KLH‰ HLQ NLQGLVFKHV
0DFKZHUNGDVPDQGLHVHQMXQJHQ/HXWHQGLHVLFKJU|‰HQWHLOHVDXIV
0HHU LQV *HVFKlIW LQV HUQVWKDIWH /HEHQVJHWULHEH VHKQWHQ
]XJHPXWHWKDWWHDXVZHQGLJ]XOHUQHQ
0RQNH\OLWWOHPHUU\IHOORZ7KRXDUWQDWXUH¶VSXQFKLQHOOR«
(VJDEHLQH0HQJH6WURSKHQXQGGHU6FKOHU.D‰EDXPODVVLHDXV
VHLQHP %XFKH YRU +HUUQ 0RGHUVRKQ JHJHQEHUEUDXFKWH PDQ VLFK
QLFKWGHQJHULQJVWHQ=ZDQJDQ]XWXQ8QGGHU/lUPZDULPPHUQRFK
lUJHU JHZRUGHQ $OOH )‰H ZDUHQ LQ %HZHJXQJ XQG VFKDUUWHQ GHQ
VWDXELJHQ%RGHQ'HU+DKQNUlKWHGDV6FKZHLQJUXQ]WHGLH(UEVHQ
IORJHQ 'LH =JHOORVLJNHLW EHUDXVFKWH GLH IQIXQG]ZDQ]LJ 'LH
XQJHRUGQHWHQ,QVWLQNWHLKUHUVHFK]HKQVLHE]HKQ-DKUHZXUGHQZDFK
%OlWWHU PLW GHQ REV]|QVWHQ %OHLVWLIW]HLFKQXQJHQ ZXUGHQ
HPSRUJHKREHQXPKHUJHVFKLFNWXQGJLHULJEHODFKW«
$XI HLQPDO YHUVWXPPWH DOOHV 'HU 5H]LWLHUHQGH XQWHUEUDFK VLFK
+HUU 0RGHUVRKQ VHOEVW ULFKWHWH VLFK DXI XQG ODXVFKWH (WZDV
/LHEOLFKHVJHVFKDK)HLQHXQGJORFNHQUHLQH.OlQJHGUDQJHQDXVGHP
+LQWHUJUXQGHGHV=LPPHUVXQGIORVVHQV‰LQQLJXQG]lUWOLFKLQGLH
SO|W]OLFKH6WLOOH(VZDUHLQH6SLHOXKUGLHMHPDQGPLWJHEUDFKWKDWWH
XQG GLH ª'X GX OLHJVW PLU DP +HU]HQ© VSLHOWH PLWWHQ LQ GHU
HQJOLVFKHQ6WXQGH*HQDXDEHULQGHP$XJHQEOLFNGDGLH]LHUOLFKH
0HORGLHYHUNODQJYROO]RJVLFKHWZDV)UFKWHUOLFKHV«HVEUDFKEHU
DOOH $QZHVHQGHQ KHUHLQ JUDXVDP XQHUZDUWHW EHUJHZDOWLJ XQG
OlKPHQG


2KQH GD‰ QlPOLFK JHNORSIW ZRUGHQ ZlUH |IIQHWH VLFK PLW HLQHP
5XFN GLH 7U VSHUUDQJHOZHLW HWZDV /DQJHV XQG 8QJHKHXUHV NDP
KHUHLQVWLH‰HLQHQEUXPPHQGHQ/LSSHQODXWDXVXQGVWDQGPLWHLQHP
HLQ]LJHQ 6HLWHQVFKULWW PLWWHQ YRU GHQ %lQNHQ« (V ZDU GHU OLHEH
*RWW
+HUU0RGHUVRKQ ZDUDVFKIDKO JHZRUGHQ XQG ]HUUWH GHQ $UPVWXKO
YRP .DWKHGHU KHUXQWHU LQGHP HU LKQ PLW VHLQHP 6FKQXSIWXFKH
DEZLVFKWH 'LH 6FKOHU ZDUHQ HPSRUJHVFKQHOOW ZLH HLQ 0DQQ 6LH
SUH‰WHQGLH$UPHDQGLH)ODQNHQVWHOOWHQVLFKDXIGLH=HKHQVSLW]HQ
EHXJWHQ GLH .|SIH XQG ELVVHQ VLFK DXI GLH =XQJHQ YRU UDVHQGHU
'HYRWLRQ (V KHUUVFKWH WLHIH /DXWORVLJNHLW -HPDQG VHXI]WH YRU
$QVWUHQJXQJXQGGDQQZDUDOOHVZLHGHUVWLOO
'LUHNWRU:XOLFNHPXVWHUWHHLQH:HLOHGLHVDOXWLHUHQGHQ.RORQQHQ
ZRUDXI HU GLH $UPH PLW GHQ WULFKWHUI|UPLJHQ VFKPXW]LJHQ
0DQVFKHWWHQHUKREXQGVLHPLWZHLWJHVSUHL]WHQ)LQJHUQVHQNWHZLH
MHPDQGGHUYROOLQGLH7DVWHQJUHLIWª6HW]WHXFK©VDJWHHUGDEHLPLW
VHLQHP.RQWUDED‰RUJDQ(UGX]WHMHGHUPDQQ
'LH 6FKOHU YHUVDQNHQ +HUU 0RGHUVRKQ ]RJ PLW ]LWWHUQGHQ
+lQGHQGHQ$UPVWXKOKHUEHLXQGGHU'LUHNWRUVHW]WHVLFK]XU6HLWH
GHV .DWKHGHUV ª%LWWH QXU IRUW]XIDKUHQ© VDJWH HU XQG GDV NODQJ
JHQDXVR HQWVHW]OLFK DOV KlWWH HU JHVDJW¾:LU ZHUGHQ MD VHKHQ XQG
ZHKHGHPMHQLJHQ«½
(VZDUNODUZDUXPHUHUVFKLHQHQZDU+HUU0RGHUVRKQVROOWHYRU
LKP HLQH 3UREH VHLQHU 8QWHUULFKWVNXQVW DEOHJHQ VROOWH ]HLJHQ ZDV
GLH5HDOXQWHUVHNXQGDLQVHFKVRGHUVLHEHQ 6WXQGHQEHL LKP JHOHUQW
KDWWHHVJDOW+HUUQ0RGHUVRKQV([LVWHQ]XQG=XNXQIW'HU.DQGLGDW
ERW HLQHQ WUDXULJHQ $QEOLFN DOV HU ZLHGHU DXI GHP .DWKHGHU VWDQG
XQG MHPDQGHQ ]XU :LHGHUKROXQJ GHV *HGLFKWHV ¾7KH PRQNH\½
DXIULHI 8QG ZLH ELVODQJ QXU GLH 6FKOHU JHSUIW XQG EHJXWDFKWHW
ZRUGHQ ZDUHQ VR JHVFKDK HV QXQ JOHLFK]HLWLJ DXFK PLW GHP
/HKUHU« $FK HV HUJLQJ EHLGHQ 7HLOHQ VFKOHFKW 'DV (UVFKHLQHQ
'LUHNWRU :XOLFNHV ZDU HLQH hEHUUXPSHOXQJ XQG QLHPDQG ELV DXI
]ZHLRGHUGUHLZDUYRUEHUHLWHW+HUU0RGHUVRKQNRQQWHXQP|JOLFK
GLH JDQ]H 6WXQGH ODQJ $GROI 7RGWHQKDXSW IUDJHQ GHU DOOHV ZX‰WH
'D¾7KHPRQNH\½LQ*HJHQZDUWGHV'LUHNWRUVQLFKWPHKUDEJHOHVHQ
ZHUGHQ NRQQWH VR JLQJ HV MDPPHUYROO XQG DOV GLH /HNWUH YRQ
¾,YDQKRH½ DQ GLH 5HLKH NDP NRQQWH HLJHQWOLFK QXU GHU MXQJH *UDI


0|OOQHLQZHQLJEHUVHW]HQZHLOEHLLKPHLQSULYDWHV,QWHUHVVHIU
GHQ 5RPDQ YRUKDQGHQ ZDU 'LH EULJHQ VWRFKHUWHQ KXVWHQG XQG
KLOIORV ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ 9RNDEHOQ XPKHU $XFK +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN
ZDUG DXIJHUXIHQ XQG NDP QLFKW EHU HLQH =HLOH KLQZHJ 'LUHNWRU
:XOLFNH VWLH‰ HLQHQ /DXW DXV ZLH ZHQQ GLH WLHIVWH 6DLWH GHV
.RQWUDEDVVHV KHIWLJ DQJHVWULFKHQ ZLUG +HUU 0RGHUVRKQ UDQJ VHLQH
NOHLQHQXQJHVFKLFNWHQPLW7LQWHEHVXGHOWHQ+lQGHXQGZLHGHUKROWH
MDPPHUQG ª8QG VRQVW JLQJ HV LPPHU VR JXW 8QG VRQVW JLQJ HV
LPPHUVRJXW©
'LHVZLHGHUKROWHHUQRFKDOVHVVFKHOOWHYHU]ZHLIOXQJVYROOKDOEDQ
GLH6FKOHUXQGKDOEDQGHQ'LUHNWRUJHZHQGHW$EHUGHUOLHEH*RWW
VWDQGIUFKWHUOLFKDXIJHULFKWHWPLWYHUVFKUlQNWHQ$UPHQYRUVHLQHP
6WXKOH XQG EOLFNWH PLW DEZHLVHQGHP .RSIQLFNHQ VWDUU EHU GLH
.ODVVH KLQZHJ« 8QG GDQQ EHIDKO HU GDV .ODVVHQEXFK XQG VFKULHE
ODQJVDPDOOHQGHQMHQLJHQGHUHQ/HLVWXQJHQVRHEHQPDQJHOKDIWRGHU
JOHLFK 1XOO JHZHVHQ ZDUHQ HLQHQ 7DGHO ZHJHQ 7UlJKHLW KLQHLQ
VHFKVRGHUVLHEHQ6FKOHUQDXIHLQPDO+HUU0RGHUVRKQNRQQWHQLFKW
HLQJHVFKULHEHQ ZHUGHQ DEHU HU ZDU VFKOLPPHU GDUDQ DOV DOOH HU
VWDQG GD IDKO JHEURFKHQ XQG DEJHWDQ +DQQR %XGGHQEURRN DEHU
ZDU HEHQIDOOV XQWHU GHQ *HWDGHOWHQ ª,FK ZLOO HXFK HXUH .DUULHUH
VFKRQ YHUGHUEHQ© VDJWH 'LUHNWRU :XOLFNH QRFK 8QG GDQQ
YHUVFKZDQGHU
(VVFKHOOWHGLH6WXQGHZDUDXV6RKDWWHHVNRPPHQVROOHQ-DVR
ZDU HV LPPHU :HQQ PDQ VLFK DP PHLVWHQ lQJVWLJWH VR JLQJ HV
HLQHP ZLH DXV +RKQ EHLQDKH JXW DEHU ZHQQ PDQ QLFKWV hEOHV
JHZlUWLJWH VR NDP GDV 8QJOFN +DQQR¶V $YDQFHPHQW ]X 2VWHUQ
ZDU QXQ HQGJOWLJ XQP|JOLFK (U VWDQG DXI XQG JLQJ PLW PGHQ
$XJHQ DXV GHP =LPPHU LQGHP HU VHLQH =XQJH DQ GHP NUDQNHQ
%DFNHQ]DKQHVFKHXHUWH
.DLNDP]XLKPOHJWHGHQ$UPXPLKQXQGJLQJPLWLKPLQPLWWHQ
GHU HUUHJWHQ .DPHUDGHQ GLH EHU GLH DX‰HURUGHQWOLFKHQ (UHLJQLVVH
GLVSXWLHUWHQDXIGHQ+RIKLQXQWHU(UEOLFNWHlQJVWOLFKXQGOLHEHYROO
LQ +DQQR¶V *HVLFKW XQG VDJWH ª9HU]HLK +DQQR GD‰ LFK HEHQ
EHUVHW]W KDEH XQG QLFKW OLHEHU VWLOOVFKZLHJ XQG PLFK DXFK
HLQVFKUHLEHQOLH‰(VLVWVRJHPHLQ«©


ª+DEH LFK YRUKLQ QLFKW DXFK JHVDJW ZDV ¾SDWXODMRYLV DUERUH
JODQGHV½KHL‰W"©DQWZRUWHWH+DQQRª'DVLVWQXQVFKRQVR.DLOD‰
HVJXWVHLQ0DQPX‰HVJXWVHLQODVVHQ©
ª-DGDVPX‰PDQZRKO±$OVRGHUOLHEH*RWWZLOOGLUGLH.DUULHUH
YHUGHUEHQ 'DQQ PX‰W GX GLFK ZRKO GDUHLQ HUJHEHQ +DQQR GHQQ
ZHQQHVVHLQXQHUIRUVFKOLFKHU:LOOHLVW«'LH.DUULHUHZDVIUHLQ
OLHEHV:RUW+HUUQ0RGHUVRKQV.DUULHUHLVWQXQDXFKGDKLQ(UZLUG
QLH2EHUOHKUHUZHUGHQGHU$UPH-DHVJLEW+LOIVOHKUHUXQGHVJLEW
2EHUOHKUHUPX‰WGXZLVVHQDEHU/HKUHUJLEWHVQLFKW'LHVLVWQXQ
HWZDVZDVPDQQLFKWVROHLFKWYHUVWHKHQNDQQZHLOHVQXUIUJDQ]
(UZDFKVHQHLVWXQGVROFKHGLHYRP/HEHQJHUHLIWVLQG0DQN|QQWH
VDJHQ -HPDQG LVW HLQ /HKUHU RGHU HU LVW NHLQHU ZLH MHPDQG HLQ
2EHUOHKUHUVHLQNDQQGDVYHUVWHKHLFKQLFKW0DQN|QQWHGDPLWYRU
GHQ OLHEHQ *RWW RGHU +HUUQ 0DURW]NH KLQWUHWHQ XQG HV LKQHQ
DXVHLQDQGHUVHW]HQ :DV ZUGH JHVFKHKHQ" 6LH ZUGHQ HV DOV
%HOHLGLJXQJ QHKPHQ XQG GLFK ZHJHQ 8QERWPl‰LJNHLW YHUQLFKWHQ
ZlKUHQGGXGRFKHLQHVHKUYLHOK|KHUH0HLQXQJYRQLKUHP%HUXIDQ
GHQ7DJJHOHJWKlWWHVWDOVVLHVHOEHUEHVLW]HQN|QQHQ«1DOD‰VLH
NRPPHVVLQGODXWHU1DVK|UQHU©
6LH JLQJHQ DXI GHP +RIH VSD]LHUHQ XQG +DQQR KRUFKWH
ZRKOJHIlOOLJDXIGDVZDV.DL]XPEHVWHQJDEXPLKQVHLQHQ7DGHO
YHUJHVVHQ ]X ODVVHQ ª6LHK KLHU LVW HLQH 7U HLQH +RIWU VLH LVW
RIIHQGDGUDX‰HQLVWGLH6WUD‰H:LHZlUHHVZHQQZLUKLQDXVWUlWHQ
XQG HLQ EL‰FKHQ DXI GHP 7URWWRLU XPKHUJLQJHQ" (V LVW 3DXVH ZLU
KDEHQ QRFK VHFKV 0LQXWHQ XQG ZLU N|QQWHQ MD SQNWOLFK
]XUFNNHKUHQ$EHUGLH6DFKHLVWGLHHVLVWXQP|JOLFK9HUVWHKVWGX
GDV" +LHU LVW GLH 7U VLH LVW RIIHQ HV LVW NHLQ *LWWHU GDYRU QLFKWV
NHLQ+LQGHUQLVKLHULVWGLH6FKZHOOH8QGGHQQRFKLVWHVXQP|JOLFK
VFKRQ GHU *HGDQNH LVW XQP|JOLFK DXFK QXU DXI HLQH 6HNXQGH
KLQDXV]XWUHWHQ« 1XQ VHKHQ ZLU GDYRQ DE $EHU QHKPHQ ZLU HLQ
DQGHUHV%HLVSLHO(VZlUHJlQ]OLFKYHUNHKUW]XVDJHQGD‰GLH 8KU
MHW]W XQJHIlKU KDOE ]Z|OI LVW 1HLQ HV NRPPW MHW]W GLH
*HRJUDSKLHVWXQGH DQ GLH 5HLKH VR YHUKlOW HV VLFK 1XQ IUDJH LFK
DEHUMHGHUPDQQ  ,VW GDV HLQ /HEHQ" $OOHV LVW YHU]HUUW« $FK +HUU
*RWW ZROOWH GLH $QVWDOW XQV HUVW DXV LKUHU OLHEHQGHQ 8PDUPXQJ
HQWODVVHQ©


ª-DXQGZDVGDQQ"1HLQOD‰QXU.DLGDQQZlUHHVDXFKQRFKVR
:DVVROO PDQ DQIDQJHQ" +LHU LVW PDQ ZHQLJVWHQV DXIJHKREHQ 6HLW
PHLQ 9DWHU WRW LVW KDEHQ +HUU 6WHSKDQ .LVWHQPDNHU XQG 3DVWRU
3ULQJVKHLP HV EHUQRPPHQ PLFK WDJWlJOLFK ]X IUDJHQ ZDV LFK
ZHUGHQZLOO,FKZHL‰HVQLFKW,FKNDQQQLFKWVDQWZRUWHQ,FKNDQQ
QLFKWVZHUGHQ,FKIUFKWHPLFKYRUGHP*DQ]HQ«©
ª1HLQZLHNDQQPDQVRYHU]DJWUHGHQ'XPLWGHLQHU0XVLN«©
ª:DV LVW PLW PHLQHU 0XVLN .DL" (V LVW QLFKWV GDPLW 6ROO LFK
XPKHUUHLVHQXQGVSLHOHQ"(UVWHQVZUGHQVLHHVPLUQLFKWHUODXEHQ
XQG ]ZHLWHQV ZHUGH LFK QLH JHQXJ GD]X N|QQHQ ,FK NDQQ EHLQDKH
QLFKWV LFK NDQQ QXU HLQ EL‰FKHQ SKDQWDVLHUHQ ZHQQ LFK DOOHLQ ELQ
8QGGDQQVWHOOHLFKPLUGDV8PKHUUHLVHQDXFKVFKUHFNOLFKYRU«0LW
GLU LVW HV VR DQGHUV 'X KDVW PHKU 0XW 'X JHKVW KLHU KHUXP XQG
ODFKVW EHU GDV *DQ]H XQG KDVW LKQHQ HWZDV HQWJHJHQ]XKDOWHQ 'X
ZLOOVW VFKUHLEHQ ZLOOVW GHQ /HXWHQ 6FK|QHV XQG 0HUNZUGLJHV
HU]lKOHQJXWGDVLVWHWZDV8QGGXZLUVWVLFKHUEHUKPWZHUGHQGX
ELVWVRJHVFKLFNW:RUDQOLHJWHV"'XELVWOXVWLJHU0DQFKPDOLQGHU
6WXQGH VHKHQ ZLU XQV DQ ZLH YRUKLQ HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN EHL +HUUQ
0DQWHOVDFN DOV 3HWHUVHQ XQWHU DOOHQ GLH DEJHOHVHQ KDWWHQ HLQHQ
7DGHO EHNDP :LU GHQNHQ GDVVHOEH DEHU GX VFKQHLGHVW HLQH )UDW]H
XQGELVWVWRO]«,FKNDQQGDV QLFKW ,FK ZHUGHVR PGH GDYRQ ,FK
P|FKWHVFKODIHQXQGQLFKWVPHKUZLVVHQ,FKP|FKWHVWHUEHQ.DL«
1HLQ HV LVW QLFKWV PLW PLU ,FK NDQQ QLFKWV ZROOHQ ,FK ZLOO QLFKW
HLQPDOEHUKPWZHUGHQ,FKKDEH$QJVWGDYRUJHQDXDOVZlUHHLQ
8QUHFKW GDEHL (V NDQQ QLFKWV DXV PLU ZHUGHQ VHL VLFKHU 1HXOLFK
QDFK GHU .RQILUPDWLRQVVWXQGH KDW 3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLP ]X MHPDQGHP
JHVDJWPDQPVVHPLFKDXIJHEHQLFKVWDPPWHDXVHLQHUYHUURWWHWHQ
)DPLOLH«©
ª+DWHUGDVJHVDJW"©IUDJWH.DLPLWDQJHVSDQQWHP,QWHUHVVH«ª-D
HU PHLQW PHLQHQ 2QNHO &KULVWLDQ GDPLW GHU LQ +DPEXUJ LQ HLQHU
$QVWDOWVLW]W(UKDWVLFKHUUHFKW0DQVROOWHPLFKQXUDXIJHEHQ,FK
ZlUHVRGDQNEDUGDIU«,FKKDEHVRYLHOHUOHL6RUJHQXQGDOOHVIlOOW
PLUVRVFKZHU1HKPHQZLUDQLFKVFKQHLGHPLFKLQGHQ)LQJHUWXH
PLU LUJHQGZR ZHK« HV LVW HLQH :XQGH GLH EHL HLQHP DQGHUHQ LQ
DFKW 7DJHQ JHKHLOW ZlUH %HL PLU GDXHUW HV YLHU :RFKHQ (V ZLOO
QLFKW KHLOHQ HV HQW]QGHW VLFK HV ZLUG VFKOLPP XQG PDFKW PLU
XQPl‰LJH%HVFKZHUGHQ«1HXOLFKVDJWHPLU+HUU%UHFKWXPPHLQH


=lKQHVlKHHVMlPPHUOLFKDXVIDVWDOOHVHLHQVFKRQXQWHUPLQLHUWXQG
YHUEUDXFKWQLFKW]XUHGHQYRQGHQHQGLHDXVJH]RJHQVLQG6RVWHKW
HV MHW]W 8QG ZRPLW ZHUGH LFK EHL‰HQ ZHQQ LFK GUHL‰LJ YLHU]LJ
-DKUHDOWELQ",FKKDEHJDUNHLQH+RIIQXQJ«©
ª6R© VDJWH .DL XQG VFKOXJ HLQH VFKQHOOHUH *DQJDUW DQ ªQXQ
HU]lKOVW GX PLU HLQ EL‰FKHQ YRQ GHLQHP .ODYLHUVSLHO ,FK ZLOO
QlPOLFK MHW]W HWZDV :XQGHUEDUHV VFKUHLEHQ HWZDV :XQGHUEDUHV«
9LHOOHLFKW IDQJH LFK QDFKKHU LQ GHU =HLFKHQVWXQGH DQ :LOOVW GX
KHXWHQDFKPLWWDJVSLHOHQ"©
+DQQR VFKZLHJ HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN (WZDV 7UEHV 9HUZLUUWHV XQG
+HL‰HV ZDU LQ VHLQHQ %OLFN JHNRPPHQ ª-D LFK ZHUGH ZRKO
VSLHOHQ©VDJWHHUªREJOHLFKLFKHVQLFKWWXQVROOWH,FKVROOWHPHLQH
(WGHQXQG6RQDWHQEHQXQGGDQQDXIK|UHQ$EHULFKZHUGHZRKO
VSLHOHQLFK NDQQ HV QLFKW ODVVHQ REJOHLFK HV DOOHV QRFK VFKOLPPHU
PDFKW©
ª6FKOLPPHU"©
+DQQR VFKZLHJ ª,FK ZHL‰ ZRYRQ GX VSLHOVW© VDJWH .DL 8QG
GDQQVFKZLHJHQEHLGH
6LH ZDUHQ LQ HLQHP VHOWVDPHQ $OWHU .DL ZDU VHKU URW JHZRUGHQ
XQG EOLFNWH ]X %RGHQ RKQH GHQ .RSI ]X VHQNHQ +DQQR VDK EOD‰
DXV (U ZDU IXUFKWEDU HUQVW XQG KLHOW VHLQH YHUVFKOHLHUWHQ $XJHQ
VHLWZlUWVJHULFKWHW
'DQQVFKHOOWH+HUU6FKOHPLHOXQGVLHJLQJHQKLQDXI
(V NDP GLH *HRJUDSKLHVWXQGH XQG PLW LKU GDV ([WHPSRUDOH HLQ
VHKUZLFKWLJHV([WHPSRUDOHEHUGDV*HELHWYRQ+HVVHQ1DVVDX(LQ
0DQQPLWURWHP%DUWXQGEUDXQHP6FKR‰URFNWUDWHLQ6HLQ*HVLFKW
ZDUEOHLFKXQGDXIVHLQHQ+lQGHQGHUHQ3RUHQZHLWRIIHQVWDQGHQ
ZXFKV QLFKW HLQ HLQ]LJHV +lUFKHQ 'LHV ZDU GHU JHLVWUHLFKH
2EHUOHKUHU +HUU 'RNWRU 0KVDP (U OLWW ]XZHLOHQ DQ
/XQJHQEOXWXQJHQXQGVSUDFKEHVWlQGLJLQLURQLVFKHP7RQHZHLOHU
VLFKIUHEHQVRZLW]LJZLHOHLGHQGKLHOW=X+DXVHEHVD‰HUHLQH$UW
+HLQH$UFKLYHLQH6DPPOXQJYRQ3DSLHUHQXQG*HJHQVWlQGHQGLH
VLFK DXI GHQ IUHFKHQ XQG NUDQNHQ 3RHWHQ EH]RJHQ -HW]W IL[LHUWH HU
GLH*UHQ]HQYRQ+HVVHQ1DVVDXDXIGHU:DQGWDIHOXQGEDWGDQQPLW
HLQHP ]XJOHLFK PHODQFKROLVFKHQ XQG K|KQLVFKHQ /lFKHOQ GLH
+HUUHQ PRFKWHQ LQ LKUH +HIWH ]HLFKQHQ ZDV GDV /DQG DQ


0HUNZUGLJNHLWHQELHWH(UVFKLHQVRZRKOGLH6FKOHUZLHGDV/DQG
+HVVHQ1DVVDX YHUVSRWWHQ ]X ZROOHQ XQG GRFK ZDU HV HLQ VHKU
ZLFKWLJHV([WHPSRUDOHYRUGHPDOOHVLFKIUFKWHWHQ
+DQQR%XGGHQEURRNZX‰WHQLFKWVYRQ +HVVHQ1DVVDX QLFKW YLHO
VRJXWZLHQLFKWV(UZROOWHHLQZHQLJDXI$GROI7RGWHQKDXSWV+HIW
KLQEHUVHKHQDEHU+HLQULFK+HLQHGHUWURW]VHLQHUEHUOHJHQHQXQG
OHLGHQGHQ,URQLHPLWJHVSDQQWHVWHU$XIPHUNVDPNHLWMHGH%HZHJXQJ
EHUZDFKWHEHPHUNWHHVVRIRUW XQGVDJWH ª+HUU %XGGHQEURRN LFK
ELQ YHUVXFKW 6LH ,KU %XFK VFKOLH‰HQ ]X ODVVHQ DEHU LFK IUFKWH
DOO]XVHKU,KQHQHLQH:RKOWDWGDPLW]XHUZHLVHQ)DKUHQ6LHIRUW©
'LHVH %HPHUNXQJ HQWKLHOW ]ZHL :LW]H (UVWHQV GHQMHQLJHQ GD‰
'RNWRU0KVDP+DQQRPLW ª+HUU©DQUHGHWHXQG]ZHLWHQVGHQPLW
GHUª:RKOWDW©+DQQR%XGGHQEURRNDEHUIXKUIRUWEHUVHLQHP+HIW
]XEUWHQXQGOLHIHUWHVFKOLH‰OLFKHLQEHLQDKHOHHUHV%ODWWDEZRUDXI
HUZLHGHUPLW.DLKLQDXVJLQJ
)U KHXWH ZDU QXQ DOOHV EHUVWDQGHQ :RKO GHP GHU JOFNOLFK
GDYRQJHNRPPHQ ZDU XQG GHVVHQ %HZX‰WVHLQ YRQ NHLQHP 7DGHO
EHVFKZHUW ZXUGH (U NRQQWH QXQ IUHL XQG ZRKOJHPXW EHL +HUUQ
'UlJHPOOHULPKHOOHQ6DDOHVLW]HQXQG]HLFKQHQ«
'HU=HLFKHQVDDOZDUZHLWXQGOLFKW*LSVDEJVVHQDFKGHU$QWLNH
VWDQGHQDXIGHQ:DQGERUWHQXQGLQHLQHPJUR‰HQ6FKUDQNHJDEHV
DOOHUKDQG +RO]NO|W]H XQG 3XSSHQP|EHO GLH HEHQIDOOV DOV 0RGHOOH
GLHQWHQ +HUU 'UlJHPOOHU ZDU HLQ XQWHUVHW]WHU 0DQQ PLW
UXQGJHVFKQLWWHQHP 9ROOEDUW XQG HLQHU EUDXQHQ JODWWHQ ELOOLJHQ
3HUFNH GLH LP 1DFNHQ YHUUlWHULVFK DEVWDQG (U EHVD‰ ]ZHL
3HUFNHQ HLQH PLW OlQJHUHP XQG HLQH PLW NU]HUHP +DDU KDWWH HU
VLFK GHQ %DUW VFKHUHQ ODVVHQ VR VHW]WH HU GLH NU]HUH DXI« $XFK
VRQVW ZDU HU HLQ 0DQQ YRQ HLQLJHQ GUROOLJHQ (LJHQWPOLFKNHLWHQ
6WDWW ªGHU %OHLVWLIW© VDJWH HU ªGLH %OHL© $X‰HUGHP YHUEUHLWHWH HU
HLQHQ |OLJVSLULWX|VHQ *HUXFK ZR HU JLQJ XQG VWDQG XQG HLQLJH
VDJWHQHUWUlQNH3HWUROHXP6HLQHVFK|QVWHQ6WXQGHQNDPHQZHQQ
HUYHUWUHWXQJVZHLVHHLQPDOLQHLQHPDQGHUHQ)DFKHDOVLP=HLFKQHQ
XQWHUULFKWHQ GXUIWH 'DQQ KLHOW HU 9RUWUlJH EHU %LVPDUFNV 3ROLWLN
GLHHUPLWHLQGULQJOLFKHQVSLUDOI|UPLJHQ%RJHQEHZHJXQJHQYRQGHU
1DVH]XU6FKXOWHUEHJOHLWHWHXQGVSUDFKPLW+D‰XQG)XUFKWYRQGHU
6R]LDOGHPRNUDWLH« ª:LU PVVHQ ]XVDPPHQKDOWHQ© SIOHJWH HU ]X
VFKOHFKWHQ 6FKOHUQ ]X VDJHQ LQGHP HU VLH DP $UPH SDFNWH ª'LH


6R]LDOGHPRNUDWLH VWHKW YRU GHU 7U© (U KDWWH HWZDV NUDPSIKDIW
*HVFKlIWLJHV DQ VLFK (U VHW]WH VLFK QHEHQ HLQHQ YHUEUHLWHWH HLQHQ
KHIWLJHQ6SLULWXVJHUXFKVFKOXJHLQHPPLWVHLQHP6LHJHOULQJYRUGLH
6WLUQVWLH‰HLQ]HOQH:|UWHUKHUYRUZLHª3HUVSHNWLYH©
ª6FKODJVFKDWWHQ©
ª'LH%OHL©
ª6R]LDOGHPRNUDWLH©
ª=XVDPPHQKDOWHQ©XQGHQWHLOWH«
.DL VFKULHE DQ VHLQHU QHXHQOLWHUDULVFKHQ $UEHLW LQ GLHVHU 6WXQGH
XQG +DQQR EHVFKlIWLJWH VLFK GDPLW GD‰ HU LQ *HGDQNHQ HLQH
2UFKHVWHU2XYHUWUH DXIIKUWH 'DQQ ZDU HV DXV PDQ KROWH VHLQH
6DFKHQKHUXQWHU GHU:HJ GXUFK GLH +RIWRUH ZDU IUHLJHJHEHQ PDQ
JLQJQDFK+DXVH
+DQQRXQG.DLKDWWHQGHQVHOEHQ:HJXQGELV]XGHUNOHLQHQURWHQ
9LOOD GUDX‰HQ LQ GHU 9RUVWDGW JLQJHQ VLH ]XVDPPHQ LKUH %FKHU
XQWHUP $UP 'DQQ KDWWH GHU MXQJH *UDI 0|OOQ QRFK HLQH ZHLWH
6WUHFNHELV]XGHPYlWHUOLFKHQ:RKQVLW]DOOHLQ]XZDQGHUQ(UWUXJ
QLFKWHLQPDOHLQHQ3DOHWRW
'HU 1HEHO GHU DP 0RUJHQ JHKHUUVFKW KDWWH ZDU ]X 6FKQHH
JHZRUGHQGHULQJUR‰HQZHLFKHQ)ORFNHQKHUQLHGHUVDQNXQGVLFKLQ
.RWYHUZDQGHOWH$QGHU%XGGHQEURRN¶VFKHQ*DUWHQSIRUWHWUHQQWHQ
VLH VLFK DEHU DOV +DQQR VFKRQ GHQ 9RUJDUWHQ ]XU +lOIWH
GXUFKVFKULWWHQKDWWHNDP.DLQRFKHLQPDO]XUFNXQGOHJWHGHQ$UP
XP VHLQHQ +DOV ª6HL QLFKW YHU]ZHLIHOW« 8QG VSLHOH OLHEHU QLFKW©
VDJWHHUOHLVHGDQQYHUVFKZDQGVHLQHVFKODQNHYHUZDKUORVWH*HVWDOW
LP6FKQHHJHVW|EHU
+DQQR OLH‰ VHLQH %FKHU DXI GHP .RUULGRU LQ GHU 6FKDOH ]XUFN
GLH GHU %lU YRU VLFK KLQVWUHFNWH XQG JLQJ LQV :RKQ]LPPHU XP
VHLQH 0XWWHU ]X EHJU‰HQ 6LH VD‰ DXI GHU &KDLVHORQJXH XQG ODV LQ
HLQHPJHOEJHKHIWHWHQ%XFKH :lKUHQG HU EHU GHQ7HSSLFKVFKULWW
EOLFNWHVLHLKPPLWLKUHQEUDXQHQQDKHEHLHLQDQGHUOLHJHQGHQ$XJHQ
HQWJHJHQ LQ GHUHQ :LQNHOQ EOlXOLFKH 6FKDWWHQ ODJHUWHQ $OV HU YRU
LKUVWDQGQDKPVLHVHLQHQ.RSI]ZLVFKHQGLH+lQGHXQGN‰WHLKQ
DXIGLH6WLUQ


(UJLQJLQVHLQ=LPPHUKLQDXIZR)UlXOHLQ&OHPHQWPHHLQZHQLJ
)UKVWFN IU LKQ EHUHLWJHVWHOOW KDWWH ZXVFK VLFK XQG D‰ $OV HU
IHUWLJ ZDU QDKP HU DXV GHP 3XOWH HLQ 3lFNFKHQ MHQHU NOHLQHQ
VFKDUIHQ UXVVLVFKHQ =LJDUHWWHQ GLH LKP HEHQIDOOV QLFKW PHKU
XQEHNDQQW ZDUHQ XQG EHJDQQ ]X UDXFKHQ 'DQQ VHW]WH HU VLFK DQV
+DUPRQLXPXQGVSLHOWHHWZDVVHKU6FKZLHULJHV6WUHQJHV)XJLHUWHV
YRQ%DFK8QGVFKOLH‰OLFKIDOWHWHHUGLH+lQGHKLQWHUGHP.RSIXQG
EOLFNWH]XP)HQVWHUKLQDXVLQGHQODXWORVQLHGHUWDXPHOQGHQ6FKQHH
(V JDE GD VRQVW QLFKWV ]X VHKHQ (V ODJ NHLQ ]LHUOLFKHU *DUWHQ PLW
SOlWVFKHUQGHP 6SULQJEUXQQHQ PHKU XQWHU VHLQHP )HQVWHU 'LH
$XVVLFKWZXUGHGXUFKGLHJUDXH6HLWHQZDQGGHUEHQDFKEDUWHQ9LOOD
DEJHVFKQLWWHQ
8PYLHU8KUZXUGH]X0LWWDJJHJHVVHQ*HUGD%XGGHQEURRNGHU
NOHLQH -RKDQQ XQG )UlXOHLQ &OHPHQWLQH ZDUHQ DOOHLQ 6SlWHU WUDI
+DQQRLP6DORQGLH9RUEHUHLWXQJHQ]XP0XVL]LHUHQXQGHUZDUWHWH
DP )OJHO VHLQH 0XWWHU 6LH VSLHOWHQ GLH 6RQDWH RSXV  YRQ
%HHWKRYHQ %HL GHP $GDJLR VDQJ GLH *HLJH ZLH HLQ (QJHO DEHU
*HUGD QDKP GHQQRFK XQEHIULHGLJW GDV ,QVWUXPHQW YRP .LQQ
EHWUDFKWHWHHVPL‰PXWLJXQGVDJWHGD‰HVQLFKWLQ6WLPPXQJVHL6LH
VSLHOWHQLFKWZHLWHUXQGJLQJKLQDXIXP]XUXKHQ
+DQQR EOLHE LP 6DORQ ]XUFN (U WUDW DQ GLH *ODVWU GLH DXI GLH
VFKPDOH 9HUDQGD IKUWH XQG EOLFNWH HLQ SDDU 0LQXWHQ ODQJ LQ GHQ
DXIJHZHLFKWHQ9RUJDUWHQKLQDXV3O|W]OLFKDEHUWUDWHUHLQHQ6FKULWW
UFNZlUWV ]RJ KHIWLJ GHQ FUHPHIDUEHQHQ 9RUKDQJ YRU GLH 7U VR
GD‰ GDV =LPPHU LQ HLQHP JHOEOLFKHQ +DOEGXQNHO ODJ XQG JLQJ LQ
%HZHJXQJ]XP)OJHO'RUWVWDQGHUDEHUPDOVHLQH:HLOHXQGVHLQ
%OLFN VWDUU XQG XQEHVWLPPW DXI HLQHQ 3XQNW JHULFKWHW YHUGXQNHOWH
VLFKODQJVDPYHUVFKOHLHUWH VLFK YHUVFKZDPP« (U VHW]WH VLFKXQG
EHJDQQHLQHVHLQHU3KDQWDVLHQ
(VZDUHLQJDQ]HLQIDFKHV0RWLYGDVHUVLFKYRUIKUWHHLQ1LFKWV
GDV %UXFKVWFN HLQHU QLFKW YRUKDQGHQHQ 0HORGLH HLQH )LJXU YRQ
DQGHUWKDOE 7DNWHQ XQG DOV HU VLH ]XP HUVWHQPDO PLW HLQLJHU .UDIW
GLHPDQLKPQLFKW]XJHWUDXWKlWWHLQWLHIHU/DJHDOVHLQ]HOQH6WLPPH
HUW|QHQ OLH‰ ZLH DOV VROOWH VLH YRQ 3RVDXQHQ HLQVWLPPLJ XQG
EHIHKOVKDEHULVFK DOV 8UVWRII XQG $XVJDQJ DOOHV .RPPHQGHQ
YHUNQGLJWZHUGHQZDUJDUQLFKWDE]XVHKHQZDVHLJHQWOLFKJHPHLQW
VHL $OV HU VLH DEHU LP 'LVNDQW LQ HLQHU .ODQJIDUEH YRQ PDWWHP


6LOEHU KDUPRQLVLHUW ZLHGHUKROWH HUZLHV VLFK GD‰ VLH LP
ZHVHQWOLFKHQ DXV HLQHU HLQ]LJHQ $XIO|VXQJ EHVWDQG HLQHP
VHKQVFKWLJHQXQGVFKPHU]OLFKHQ+LQVLQNHQYRQHLQHU7RQDUWLQGLH
DQGHUH« HLQH NXU]DWPLJH DUPVHOLJH (UILQGXQJ GHU DEHU GXUFK GLH
SUH]L|VH XQG IHLHUOLFKH (QWVFKLHGHQKHLW PLW GHU VLH KLQJHVWHOOW XQG
YRUJHEUDFKWZXUGHHLQVHOWVDPHUJHKHLPQLVXQGEHGHXWXQJVYROOHU
:HUW YHUVFKDIIW ZDUG 8QG QXQ EHJDQQHQ EHZHJWH *lQJH HLQ
UDVWORVHV .RPPHQ XQG *HKHQ YRQ 6\QNRSHQ VXFKHQG LUUHQG XQG
YRQ $XIVFKUHLHQ ]HUULVVHQ ZLH DOV VHL HLQH 6HHOH YROO 8QUXKH EHU
GDV ZDV VLH YHUQRPPHQ XQG ZDV GRFK QLFKW YHUVWXPPHQ ZROOWH
VRQGHUQLQLPPHUDQGHUHQ+DUPRQLHQIUDJHQGNODJHQGHUVWHUEHQG
YHUODQJHQG YHUKHL‰XQJVYROO VLFK ZLHGHUKROWH 8QG LPPHU KHIWLJHU
ZXUGHQ GLH 6\QNRSHQ UDWORV XPKHUJHGUlQJW YRQ KDVWLJHQ 7ULROHQ
GLH6FKUHLHGHU)XUFKWMHGRFKGLHKLQHLQNODQJHQQDKPHQ*HVWDOWDQ
VLH VFKO|VVHQ VLFK ]XVDPPHQ VLH ZXUGHQ ]XU 0HORGLH XQG GHU
$XJHQEOLFN NDP GD VLH ZLH HLQ LQEUQVWLJ XQG IOHKHQWOLFK
KHUYRUWUHWHQGHU *HVDQJ GHV %OlVHUFKRUHV VWDUN XQG GHPWLJ ]XU
+HUUVFKDIWJHODQJWHQ'DVKDOWORV'UlQJHQGHGDV:RJHQGH,UUHQGH
XQG (QWJOHLWHQGH ZDU YHUVWXPPW XQG EHVLHJW XQG LQ XQEHLUUEDU
HLQIDFKHP 5K\WKPXV HUVFKROO GLHVHU ]HUNQLUVFKWH XQG NLQGOLFK
EHWHQGH &KRUDO« 0LW HLQHU $UW YRQ.LUFKHQVFKOX‰ HQGHWH HU (LQH
)HUPDWHNDPXQGHLQH6WLOOH8QGVLHKHSO|W]OLFKZDUJDQ]OHLVHLQ
HLQHU .ODQJIDUEH YRQ PDWWHP 6LOEHU GDV HUVWH 0RWLY ZLHGHU GD
GLHVHDUPVHOLJH(UILQGXQJGLHVHGXPPHRGHUJHKHLPQLVYROOH)LJXU
GLHVHVV‰HVFKPHU]OLFKH+LQVLQNHQYRQHLQHU7RQDUWLQGLHDQGHUH
'DHQWVWDQGHLQXQJHKHXUHU$XIUXKUXQGZLOGHUUHJWH*HVFKlIWLJNHLW
EHKHUUVFKW YRQ IDQIDUHQDUWLJHQ $N]HQWHQ $XVGUFNHQ HLQHU ZLOGHQ
(QWVFKORVVHQKHLW:DVJHVFKDK":DVZDULQ9RUEHUHLWXQJ"(VVFKROO
ZLH+|UQHUGLH]XP$XIEUXFKULHIHQ8QGGDQQWUDWHWZDV HLQ ZLH
HLQH 6DPPOXQJ XQG .RQ]HQWUDWLRQ IHVWHUH 5K\WKPHQ IXJWHQ VLFK
]XVDPPHQXQGHLQHQHXH)LJXUVHW]WHHLQHLQHNHFNH,PSURYLVDWLRQ
HLQH $UW -DJGOLHG XQWHUQHKPHQG XQG VWUPLVFK $EHU HV ZDU QLFKW
IU|KOLFK HV ZDU LP ,QQHUVWHQ YROO YHU]ZHLIHOWHQ hEHUPXWV GLH
6LJQDOH GLH GDUHLQ W|QWHQ ZDUHQ JOHLFK $QJVWUXIHQ XQG LPPHU
ZLHGHU ZDU ]ZLVFKHQDOOHP LQ YHU]HUUWHQ XQG EL]DUUHQ +DUPRQLHQ
TXlOHQGLUUVHOLJXQGV‰GDV0RWLYMHQHVHUVWHUlWVHOKDIWH0RWLY]X
YHUQHKPHQ« 8QG QXQ EHJDQQ HLQ XQDXIKDOWVDPHU :HFKVHO YRQ
%HJHEHQKHLWHQ GHUHQ 6LQQ XQG :HVHQ QLFKW ]X HUUDWHQ ZDU HLQH


)OXFKW YRQ $EHQWHXHUQ GHV .ODQJHV GHV 5K\WKPXV XQG GHU
+DUPRQLH EHU GLH +DQQR QLFKW +HUU ZDU VRQGHUQ GLH VLFK XQWHU
VHLQHQ DUEHLWHQGHQ )LQJHUQ JHVWDOWHWHQ XQG GLH HU HUOHEWH RKQH VLH
YRUKHU]XNHQQHQ«(UVD‰HLQZHQLJEHUGLH7DVWHQJHEHXJWPLW
JHWUHQQWHQ/LSSHQXQGIHUQHPWLHIHP%OLFNXQGVHLQEUDXQHV+DDU
EHGHFNWH LQ ZHLFKHQ /RFNHQ VHLQH 6FKOlIHQ :DV JHVFKDK" :DV
ZXUGH HUOHEW" :XUGHQ KLHU IXUFKWEDUH +LQGHUQLVVH EHZlOWLJW
'UDFKHQ JHW|WHW )HOVHQ HUNORPPHQ 6WU|PH GXUFKVFKZ|PPHQ
)ODPPHQ GXUFKVFKULWWHQ" 8QG ZLH HLQ JHOOHQGHV /DFKHQ RGHU ZLH
HLQH XQEHJUHLIOLFK VHOLJH 9HUKHL‰XQJ VFKODQJ VLFK GDV HUVWH 0RWLY
KLQGXUFKGLHVQLFKWLJH*HELOGHGLHV+LQVLQNHQYRQHLQHU7RQDUWLQ
GLH DQGHUH« MD HV ZDU DOV UHL]H HV DXI ]X LPPHU QHXHQ
JHZDOWVDPHQ $QVWUHQJXQJHQ UDVHQGH $QOlXIH LQ 2NWDYHQ IROJWHQ
LKPGLHLQ6FKUHLHDXVNODQJHQXQGGDQQEHJDQQHLQ$XIVFKZHOOHQ
HLQH ODQJVDPH XQDXIKDOWVDPH 6WHLJHUXQJ HLQ FKURPDWLVFKHV
$XIZlUWVULQJHQ YRQ ZLOGHU XQZLGHUVWHKOLFKHU 6HKQVXFKW MlK
XQWHUEURFKHQ GXUFK SO|W]OLFKH HUVFKUHFNHQGH XQG DXIVWDFKHOQGH
3LDQLVVLPLGLHZLHHLQ:HJJOHLWHQGHV%RGHQVXQWHUGHQ)‰HQXQG
ZLHHLQ9HUVLQNHQLQ%HJLHUGHZDUHQ«(LQPDOZDU HV DOV RE IHUQ
XQGOHLVHPDKQHQGGLHHUVWHQ$NNRUGHGHVIOHKHQGHQ]HUNQLUVFKWHQ
*HEHWHV YHUQHKPEDU ZHUGHQ ZROOWHQ DOVEDOG DEHU VWU]WH GLH )OXW
GHU HPSRUGUlQJHQGHQ .DNRSKRQLHQ GDUEHU KHU GLH VLFK
]XVDPPHQEDOOWHQ VLFK YRUZlUWV ZlO]WHQ ]XUFNZLFKHQ
DXIZlUWVNORPPHQ YHUVDQNHQ XQG ZLHGHU HLQHP XQDXVVSUHFKOLFKHQ
=LHOH HQWJHJHQUDQJHQ GDV NRPPHQ PX‰WH QXQ NRPPHQ PX‰WH LQ
GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN DQ GLHVHP IXUFKWEDUHQ +|KHSXQNW GD GLH
OHFK]HQGH 'UDQJVDO ]XU 8QHUWUlJOLFKNHLW JHZRUGHQ ZDU« 8QG HV
NDPHVZDUQLFKWPHKUKLQWDQ]XKDOWHQGLH.UlPSIHGHU6HKQVXFKW
KlWWHQ QLFKW PHKU YHUOlQJHUW ZHUGHQ N|QQHQ HV NDP JOHLFKZLH
ZHQQ HLQ 9RUKDQJ ]HUULVVH 7RUH DXIVSUlQJHQ 'RUQHQKHFNHQ VLFK
HUVFKORVVHQ )ODPPHQPDXHUQ LQ VLFK ]XVDPPHQVlQNHQ« 'LH
/|VXQJ GLH $XIO|VXQJ GLH (UIOOXQJ GLH YROONRPPHQH
%HIULHGLJXQJ EUDFK KHUHLQ XQG PLW HQW]FNWHP $XIMDXFK]HQ
HQWZLUUWH VLFK DOOHV ]X HLQHP :RKONODQJ GHU LQ V‰HP XQG
VHKQVFKWLJHP5LWDUGDQGRVRJOHLFKLQHLQHQDQGHUHQKLQEHUVDQN«
HV ZDU GDV 0RWLY GDV HUVWH 0RWLY ZDV HUNODQJ 8QG ZDV QXQ
EHJDQQZDUHLQ)HVWHLQ7ULXPSKHLQH]JHOORVH2UJLHHEHQGLHVHU
)LJXU GLH LQ DOOHQ .ODQJVFKDWWLHUXQJHQ SUDKOWH VLFK GXUFK DOOH


2NWDYHQHUJR‰DXIZHLQWHLP7UHPRODQGRYHU]LWWHUWHVDQJMXEHOWH
VFKOXFK]WH DQJHWDQ PLW DOOHP EUDXVHQGHQ NOLQJHQGHQ SHUOHQGHQ
VFKlXPHQGHQ 3UXQN GHU RUFKHVWUDOHQ $XVVWDWWXQJ VLHJKDIW
GDKHUNDP«(VODJHWZDV%UXWDOHVXQG6WXPSIVLQQLJHVXQG]XJOHLFK
HWZDVDVNHWLVFK5HOLJL|VHVHWZDVZLH*ODXEH XQG 6HOEVWDXIJDEHLQ
GHPIDQDWLVFKHQ.XOWXVGLHVHV1LFKWVGLHVHV6WFNV0HORGLHGLHVHU
NXU]HQ NLQGLVFKHQ KDUPRQLVFKHQ (UILQGXQJ YRQ DQGHUWKDOE
7DNWHQ« HWZDV /DVWHUKDIWHV LQ GHU 0D‰ORVLJNHLW XQG
8QHUVlWWOLFKNHLW PLW GHU VLH JHQRVVHQ XQG DXVJHEHXWHW ZXUGH XQG
HWZDV ]\QLVFK 9HU]ZHLIHOWHV HWZDV ZLH :LOOH ]X :RQQH XQG
8QWHUJDQJLQGHU*LHUPLWGHUGLHOHW]WH6‰LJNHLWDXVLKUJHVRJHQ
ZXUGH ELV ]XU (UVFK|SIXQJ ELV ]XP (NHO XQG hEHUGUX‰ ELV
HQGOLFK HQGOLFK LQ (UPDWWXQJ QDFK DOOHQ $XVVFKZHLIXQJHQ HLQ
ODQJHV OHLVHV $USHJJLR LQ 0ROO KLQULHVHOWH XP HLQHQ 7RQ
HPSRUVWLHJVLFKLQ'XUDXIO|VWHXQGPLWHLQHPZHKPWLJHQ=|JHUQ
HUVWDUE
+DQQRVD‰QRFKHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFNVWLOOGDV.LQQDXIGHU%UXVWGLH
+lQGHLP6FKR‰'DQQVWDQGHUDXIXQGVFKOR‰GHQ)OJHO(UZDU
VHKU EOD‰ LQ VHLQHQ .QLHQ ZDU JDU NHLQH .UDIW XQG VHLQH $XJHQ
EUDQQWHQ (U JLQJ LQV 1HEHQ]LPPHU VWUHFNWH VLFK DXI GHU
&KDLVHORQJXHDXVXQGEOLHEVRODQJH=HLWRKQHHLQ*OLHG]XUKUHQ
6SlWHUZXUGH]X$EHQGJHJHVVHQZRUDXIHUPLWVHLQHU0XWWHUHLQH
3DUWLH 6FKDFK VSLHOWH EHL GHU QLHPDQG JHZDQQ $EHU QDFK
0LWWHUQDFKWQRFKVD‰HULQVHLQHP=LPPHUEHLHLQHU.HU]HYRUGHP
+DUPRQLXP XQG VSLHOWH ZHLO QLFKWV PHKU HUNOLQJHQ GXUIWH LQ
*HGDQNHQ REJOHLFK HU JHZLOOW ZDU PRUJHQ XP KDOE VHFKV 8KU
DXI]XVWHKHQXPGLHZLFKWLJVWHQ6FKXODUEHLWHQDQ]XIHUWLJHQ
'LHVZDUHLQ7DJDXVGHP/HEHQGHVNOHLQHQ-RKDQQ

'ULWWHV.DSLWHO

0LWGHP7\SKXVLVWHVIROJHQGHUPD‰HQEHVWHOOW


'HU 0HQVFK IKOW HLQH VHHOLVFKH 0L‰VWLPPXQJ LQ VLFK HQWVWHKHQ
GLH VLFK UDVFK YHUWLHIW XQG ]X HLQHU KLQIlOOLJHQ 9HU]ZHLIOXQJ ZLUG
=X JOHLFKHU =HLW EHPlFKWLJW VLFK VHLQHU HLQH SK\VLVFKH 0DWWLJNHLW
GLHVLFKQLFKWDOOHLQDXI0XVNHOQXQG6HKQHQVRQGHUQDXFKDXIGLH
)XQNWLRQHQDOOHULQQHUHQ2UJDQHHUVWUHFNWXQGQLFKW]XOHW]WDXIGLH
GHV 0DJHQV GHU GLH $XIQDKPH YRQ 6SHLVH PLW :LGHUZLOOHQ
YHUZHLJHUW (V EHVWHKW HLQ VWDUNHV 6FKODIEHGUIQLV DOOHLQ WURW]
lX‰HUVWHU0GLJNHLWLVWGHU6FKODIXQUXKLJREHUIOlFKOLFKEHlQJVWLJW
XQG XQHUTXLFNOLFK 'DV *HKLUQ VFKPHU]W HV LVW GXPSI EHIDQJHQ
ZLH YRQ 1HEHOQ XPKOOW XQG YRQ 6FKZLQGHO GXUFK]RJHQ (LQ
XQEHVWLPPWHU6FKPHU]VLW]WLQDOOHQ*OLHGHUQ+LHXQGGDIOLH‰WRKQH
MHGZHGH EHVRQGHUH 9HUDQODVVXQJ %OXW DXV GHU 1DVH  'LHV LVW GLH
,QWURGXNWLRQ
'DQQ JLEW HLQ KHIWLJHU )URVWDQIDOO GHU GHQ JDQ]HQ .|USHU
GXUFKUWWHOW XQG GLH =lKQH JHJHQHLQDQGHUZLUEHOW GDV =HLFKHQ ]XP
(LQVDW]HGHV)LHEHUVGDVVRIRUWGLHK|FKVWHQ*UDGHHUUHLFKW$XIGHU
+DXW GHU %UXVW XQG GHV %DXFKHV ZHUGHQ QXQ HLQ]HOQH OLQVHQJUR‰H
URWH )OHFNHQ VLFKWEDU GLH GXUFK GHQ 'UXFN HLQHV )LQJHUV HQWIHUQW
ZHUGHQN|QQHQDEHUVRIRUW]XUFNNHKUHQ'HU3XOVUDVWHUKDWELV]X
KXQGHUW 6FKOlJH LQ HLQHU 0LQXWH 6R YHUJHKW EHL HLQHU
.|USHUWHPSHUDWXUYRQYLHU]LJ*UDGGLHHUVWH:RFKH
,Q GHU ]ZHLWHQ :RFKH LVW GHU 0HQVFK YRQ .RSI XQG
*OLHGHUVFKPHU]HQ EHIUHLW GDIU DEHU LVW GHU 6FKZLQGHO EHGHXWHQG
KHIWLJHU JHZRUGHQ XQG LQ GHQ 2KUHQ LVW HLQ VROFKHV 6DXVHQ XQG
%UDXVHQGD‰HVJHUDGH]X6FKZHUK|ULJNHLWKHUYRUUXIW'HU$XVGUXFN
GHV *HVLFKWHV ZLUG GXPP 'HU 0XQG IlQJW DQ RIIHQ]XVWHKHQ GLH
$XJHQ VLQG YHUVFKOHLHUW XQG RKQH 7HLOQDKPH 'DV %HZX‰WVHLQ LVW
YHUGXQNHOW6FKODIVXFKWEHKHUUVFKWGHQ.UDQNHQXQGRIWYHUVLQNWHU
RKQHZLUNOLFK]XVFKODIHQLQHLQHEOHLHUQH%HWlXEXQJ'D]ZLVFKHQ
HUIOOHQ VHLQH ,UU5HGHQ VHLQH ODXWHQ HUUHJWHQ 3KDQWDVLHQ GDV
=LPPHU6HLQHVFKODIIH+LOIORVLJNHLWKDWVLFKELV ]XP 8QUHLQOLFKHQ
XQG :LGHUZlUWLJHQ JHVWHLJHUW $XFK VLQG VHLQ =DKQIOHLVFK VHLQH
=lKQHXQGVHLQH=XQJHPLWHLQHUVFKZlU]OLFKHQ0DVVHEHGHFNWGLH
GHQ $WHP YHUSHVWHW 0LW DXIJHWULHEHQHP 8QWHUOHLEH OLHJW HU
UHJXQJVORV DXI GHP 5FNHQ (U LVW LP %HWWH KLQDEJHVXQNHQ XQG
VHLQH .QLH VLQG JHVSUHL]W $OOHV DQ LKP DUEHLWHW KDVWLJ MDJHQG XQG
REHUIOlFKOLFK VHLQH $WPXQJ VRZRKO ZLH GHU 3XOV GHU DQ


KXQGHUWXQG]ZDQ]LJ IOFKWLJ ]XFNHQGH 6FKOlJH LQ HLQHU 0LQXWH
YROOIKUW 'LH $XJHQOLGHU VLQG KDOE JHVFKORVVHQ XQG GLH :DQJHQ
JOKHQQLFKWPHKUZLH]X$QIDQJURWYRU)LHEHUKLW]HVRQGHUQKDEHQ
HLQHEOlXOLFKH)lUEXQJDQJHQRPPHQ'LHOLQVHQJUR‰HQURWHQ)OHFNH
DXIGHU%UXVWXQGGHP%DXFKHKDEHQVLFKYHUPHKUW'LH7HPSHUDWXU
GHV.|USHUVHUUHLFKWHLQXQGYLHU]LJ*UDG«
,QGHUGULWWHQ:RFKHLVWGLH6FKZlFKHDXILKUHP*LSIHO'LHODXWHQ
'HOLULHQVLQGYHUVWXPPWXQGQLHPDQGNDQQVDJHQREGHU*HLVWGHV
.UDQNHQ LQ OHHUH 1DFKW YHUVXQNHQ LVW RGHU RE HU IUHPG XQG
DEJHZDQGW GHP =XVWDQGH GHV /HLEHV LQ IHUQHQ WLHIHQ VWLOOHQ
7UlXPHQZHLOWYRQGHQHQNHLQ/DXWXQGNHLQ=HLFKHQ.XQGHJLEW
'HU .|USHU OLHJW LQ JUHQ]HQORVHU 8QHPSILQGOLFKNHLW  'LHV LVW GHU
=HLWSXQNWGHU(QWVFKHLGXQJ«
%HL JHZLVVHQ ,QGLYLGXHQ ZLUG GLH 'LDJQRVH GXUFK EHVRQGHUH
8PVWlQGH HUVFKZHUW *HVHW]W ]XP %HLVSLHO GD‰ GLH
$QIDQJVV\PSWRPH GHU .UDQNKHLW 9HUVWLPPXQJ 0DWWLJNHLW
$SSHWLWORVLJNHLW XQUXKLJHU 6FKODI .RSIVFKPHU]HQ VFKRQ PHLVWHQV
YRUKDQGHQZDUHQDOVGHU3DWLHQWQRFKGLH+RIIQXQJGHU6HLQHQLQ
Y|OOLJHU *HVXQGKHLW XPKHUJLQJ" 'D‰ VLH VLFK DXFK EHL SO|W]OLFK
YHUVWlUNWHP $XIWUHWHQ NDXP DOV HWZDV $X‰HUJHZ|KQOLFKHV
EHPHUNEDU PDFKHQ"  (LQ WFKWLJHU $U]W YRQ VROLGHQ .HQQWQLVVHQ
ZLH XP HLQHQ 1DPHQ ]X QHQQHQ 'RNWRU /DQJKDOV GHU KEVFKH
'RNWRU /DQJKDOV PLW GHQ NOHLQHQ VFKZDU]EHKDDUWHQ +lQGHQ ZLUG
JOHLFKZRKO EDOG LQ GHU /DJH VHLQ GLH 6DFKH EHL LKUHP ULFKWLJHQ
1DPHQ]XQHQQHQXQGGDV(UVFKHLQHQGHUIDWDOHQURWHQ)OHFNHDXI
GHU %UXVWXQG GHP %DXFKH JLEWMD Y|OOLJH *HZL‰KHLW (U ZLUG EHU
GLH0D‰UHJHOQ GLH ]X WUHIIHQ GLH 0LWWHO GLH DQ]XZHQGHQ QLFKW LQ
=ZHLIHO VHLQ (V ZLUG IU HLQ P|JOLFKVW JUR‰HV RIW JHOIWHWHV
.UDQNHQ]LPPHU VRUJHQ GHVVHQ 7HPSHUDWXU VLHEHQ]HKQ *UDG QLFKW
EHUVWHLJHQGDUI(UZLUGDXIlX‰HUVWH6DXEHUNHLWGULQJHQXQGDXFK
GXUFK LPPHU HUQHXWHV 2UGQHQ GHV %HWWHV GHQ .|USHU VRODQJH GLHV
LUJHQGP|JOLFKLQJHZLVVHQ)lOOHQLVWHVQLFKWODQJHP|JOLFKYRU
GHP ¾:XQGOLHJHQ½ ]X VFKW]HQ VXFKHQ (U ZLUG HLQH EHVWlQGLJH
5HLQLJXQJ GHU 0XQGK|KOH PLW QDVVHQ /HLQZDQGOlSSFKHQ
YHUDQODVVHQ ZLUG ZDV GLH $U]QHLHQ EHWULIIW VLFK HLQHU 0LVFKXQJ
YRQ-RGXQG-RGNDOLXPEHGLHQHQ&KLQLQXQG$QWLS\ULQYHUVFKUHLEHQ
XQG YRU DOOHP GD GHU 0DJHQ XQG GLH *HGlUPH VFKZHU LQ


0LWOHLGHQVFKDIW JH]RJHQ VLQG HLQH lX‰HUVW OHLFKWH XQG lX‰HUVW
NUlIWLJHQGH 'LlW YHURUGQHQ (U ZLUG GDV ]HKUHQGH )LHEHU GXUFK
%lGHUEHNlPSIHQGXUFK9ROOElGHULQGLHGHU.UDQNHRIWMHGHGULWWH
6WXQGH RKQH 8QWHUOD‰ EHL 7DJ XQG 1DFKW KLQHLQ]XWUDJHQ LVW XQG
GLHYRP)X‰HQGHGHU:DQQHDXVODQJVDP]XHUNlOWHQVLQG8QGQDFK
HLQHPMHGHQ%DGHZLUGHUUDVFKHWZDV6WlUNHQGHVXQG$QUHJHQGHV
.RJQDNDXFK&KDPSDJQHUYHUDEUHLFKHQ«
$OOHGLHVH0LWWHODEHUJHEUDXFKWHUGXUFKDXVDXIV*HUDWHZRKOIU
GHQ)DOOJOHLFKVDPQXUGD‰VLHEHUKDXSWYRQLUJHQGHLQHU:LUNXQJ
VHLQ N|QQHQ XQZLVVHQG GDUEHU RE LKUH $QZHQGXQJ QLFKW MHGHV
:HUWHV6LQQHVXQG=ZHFNHVHQWEHKUW'HQQHLQHVZHL‰HUQLFKWZDV
HLQH )UDJH EHWULIIWVR WDSSW HU LP 'XQNHO EHU HLQ (QWZHGHU2GHU
VFKZHEWHUELV]XUGULWWHQ:RFKHELV]XU.ULVLVXQG(QWVFKHLGXQJLQ
Y|OOLJHU 8QHQWVFKLHGHQKHLW (U ZHL‰ QLFKW RE GLH .UDQNKHLW GLH HU
¾7\SKXV½QHQQWLQGLHVHP)DOOHHLQLP*UXQGHEHODQJORVHV8QJOFN
EHGHXWHWGLHXQDQJHQHKPH)ROJHHLQHU,QIHNWLRQGLHVLFKYLHOOHLFKW
KlWWH YHUPHLGHQ ODVVHQ XQG GHU PLW GHQ 0LWWHOQ GHU :LVVHQVFKDIW
HQWJHJHQ]XZLUNHQ LVW ± RGHU RE VLH JDQ] HLQIDFK HLQH )RUP GHU
$XIO|VXQJLVWGDV*HZDQGGHV7RGHVVHOEVWGHUHEHQVRJXWLQHLQHU
DQGHUHQ 0DVNH HUVFKHLQHQ N|QQWH XQG JHJHQ GHQ NHLQ .UDXW
JHZDFKVHQLVW
0LW GHP 7\SKXV LVW HV IROJHQGHUPD‰HQ EHVWHOOW ,Q GLH IHUQHQ
)LHEHUWUlXPH LQ GLH JOKHQGH 9HUORUHQKHLW GHV .UDQNHQ ZLUG GDV
/HEHQ KLQHLQUXIHQ PLW XQYHUNHQQEDUHU HUPXQWHUQGHU 6WLPPH +DUW
XQG IULVFK ZLUG GLHVH 6WLPPH GHQ *HLVW DXI GHP IUHPGHQ KHL‰HQ
:HJH HUUHLFKHQ DXI GHP HU YRUZlUWV ZDQGHOW XQG GHU LQ GHQ
6FKDWWHQ GLH .KOH GHQ )ULHGHQ IKUW $XIKRUFKHQG ZLUG GHU
0HQVFK GLHVH KHOOH PXQWHUH HLQ ZHQLJ K|KQLVFKH 0DKQXQJ ]XU
8PNHKU XQG 5FNNHKU YHUQHKPHQ GLH DXV MHQHU *HJHQG ]X LKP
GULQJW GLH HU VR ZHLW ]XUFNJHODVVHQ XQG VFKRQ YHUJHVVHQ KDWWH
:DOOW HV GDQQ DXI LQ LKP ZLH HLQ *HIKO GHU IHLJHQ
3IOLFKWYHUVlXPQLVGHU6FKDPGHUHUQHXWHQ(QHUJLHGHV0XWHVXQG
GHU)UHXGHGHU/LHEHXQG=XJHK|ULJNHLW]XGHPVS|WWLVFKHQEXQWHQ
XQGEUXWDOHQ*HWULHEHGDVHULP5FNHQJHODVVHQZLHZHLWHUDXFK
DXI GHP IUHPGHQ KHL‰HQ 3IDGH IRUWJHLUUW VHLQ PDJ HU ZLUG
XPNHKUHQ XQG OHEHQ $EHU ]XFNW HU ]XVDPPHQ YRU )XUFKW XQG
$EQHLJXQJ EHL GHU 6WLPPH GHV /HEHQV GLH HU YHUQLPPW EHZLUNW


GLHVH (ULQQHUXQJ GLHVHU OXVWLJH KHUDXVIRUGHUQGH /DXW GD‰ HU GHQ
.RSIVFKWWHOWXQGLQ$EZHKUGLH+DQGKLQWHUVLFKVWUHFNWXQGVLFK
YRUZlUWV IOFKWHW DXI GHP :HJH GHU VLFK LKP ]XP (QWULQQHQ
HU|IIQHWKDW«QHLQHVLVWNODUGDQQZLUGHUVWHUEHQ

9LHUWHV.DSLWHO

ª(V LVW QLFKW UHFKW HV LVW QLFKW UHFKW *HUGD© VDJWH GDV DOWH
)UlXOHLQ :HLFKEURGW ZRKO ]XP KXQGHUWVWHQ 0DOH EHNPPHUW XQG
YRUZXUIVYROO 6LH QDKP KHXWH DEHQG LP :RKQ]LPPHU LKUHU
HKHPDOLJHQ 6FKOHULQ HLQHQ 6RIDSODW] LQ GHP .UHLVH HLQ GHU YRQ
*HUGD %XGGHQEURRN )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU LKUHU 7RFKWHU (ULND GHU
DUPHQ.ORWKLOGHXQGGHQGUHL'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNDXVGHU%UHLWHQ
6WUD‰HXPGHQUXQGHQ0LWWHOWLVFKJHELOGHWZDUG'LHJUQHQ%lQGHU
LKUHU+DXEHILHOHQDXILKUH.LQGHUVFKXOWHUQKLQDEYRQGHQHQVLHGLH
HLQH JDQ] KRFK HPSRU]LHKHQ PX‰WH XP GHQ 2EHUDUP DXI GHU
7LVFKSODWWH JHVWLNXOLHUHQ ODVVHQ ]X N|QQHQ VR ZLQ]LJ ZDU VLH PLW
LKUHQIQIXQGVLHEHQ]LJ-DKUHQJHZRUGHQª(VLVWQLFKWUHFKWOD‰GLU
VDJHQ GD‰ HV QLFKW ZRKOJHWDQ LVW *HUGD© ZLHGHUKROWH VLH PLW
HLIHUQGHU XQG ]LWWHUQGHU 6WLPPH ª,FK VWHKH PLW HLQHP )X‰H LP
*UDEH PLU EOHLEW QXU HLQH NXU]H )ULVW XQG GX ZLOOVW PLFK« 'X
ZLOOVW XQV YHUODVVHQ ZLOOVW GLFK DXI LPPHU YRQ XQV WUHQQHQ«
IRUW]LHKHQ:HQQHVHLQH5HLVHHLQHQ%HVXFKLQ$PVWHUGDPJlOWH«
DOOHLQDXILPPHU©8QGVLHVFKWWHOWHLKUHQDOWHQ9RJHONRSIPLWGHQ
EUDXQHQ JHVFKHLWHQ EHWUEWHQ $XJHQ ª(V LVW ZDKU GD‰ GX YLHOHV
YHUORUHQKDVW«©
ª1HLQVLHKDWDOOHVYHUORUHQ©VDJWH)UDX3HUPDQHGHUª:LUGUIHQ
QLFKWHJRLVWLVFKVHLQ7KHUHVH*HUGDZLOOJHKHQXQGVLHJHKWGDLVW
QLFKWV ]X WXQ 6LH LVW PLW 7KRPDV JHNRPPHQ YRU HLQXQG]ZDQ]LJ
-DKUHQXQGZLUKDEHQVLHDOOHJHOLHEWREJOHLFKZLULKUZRKOLPPHU
ZLGHUZlUWLJ ZDUHQ« MD GDV ZDUHQ ZLU *HUGD NHLQH :LGHUUHGH
$EHU7KRPDVLVWQLFKWPHKUXQG«QLHPDQGLVWPHKU:DVVLQGZLU
LKU" 8QV WXWHV ZHKDEHU UHLVH PLW *RWW *HUGD XQG 'DQN GD‰ GX
QLFKWVFKRQIUKHUUHLVWHVWGDPDOVDOV7KRPDVVWDUE«©


(VZDUQDFKGHP$EHQGEURWLP+HUEVWGHUNOHLQH-RKDQQ4XVWXV
-RKDQQ.DVSDUODJXQJHIlKUVHLWVHFKV0RQDWHQPLWGHQ6HJQXQJHQ
3DVWRU 3ULQJVKHLPV ZRKO YHUVHKHQ GRUW GUDX‰HQ DP 5DQGH GHV
*HK|O]HV XQWHU GHP 6DQGVWHLQNUHX] XQG GHP )DPLOLHQZDSSHQ
9RUP +DXVH UDXVFKWH GHU 5HJHQ LQ GHQ KDOEHQWEOlWWHUWHQ %lXPHQ
GHU $OOHH 0DQFKPDO NDPHQ :LQGVW|‰H XQG WULHEHQ LKQ JHJHQ GLH
)HQVWHUVFKHLEHQ$OOHDFKW'DPHQZDUHQVFKZDU]JHNOHLGHW
(V ZDU HLQH NOHLQH )DPLOLHQ]XVDPPHQNXQIW XP $EVFKLHG ]X
QHKPHQ $EVFKLHG YRQ *HUGD %XGGHQEURRN GLH LP %HJULII VWDQG
GLH6WDGW]XYHUODVVHQXQGQDFK$PVWHUGDP]XUFN]XNHKUHQXPZLH
HKHPDOVPLWLKUHPDOWHQ9DWHU'XRV]XVSLHOHQ.HLQH9HUSIOLFKWXQJ
KLHOW VLH PHKU ]XUFN )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU KDWWH GLHVHP (QWVFKOXVVH
QLFKWV PHKU HQWJHJHQ]XKDOWHQ 6LH HUJDE VLFK GDUHLQ DEHU LQ LKUHP
,QQHUQ ZDU VLH WLHI XQJOFNOLFK GDUEHU :lUH GLH :LWZH GHV
6HQDWRUVLQGHU6WDGWYHUEOLHEHQKlWWHVLHVLFK3ODW]XQG5DQJLQGHU
*HVHOOVFKDIWJHZDKUWXQGLKU9HUP|JHQDP3ODW]HJHODVVHQVRZlUH
GHP 1DPHQ GHU )DPLOLH GRFK HLQ ZHQLJ 3UHVWLJH HUKDOWHQ
JHEOLHEHQ« 0RFKWH GHP QXQ ZLH LPPHU VHLQ )UDX $QWRQLH ZDU
JHZLOOW GHQ.RSI KRFK ]X WUDJHQ VRODQJH VLH EHU GHU (UGH ZHLOWH
XQG0HQVFKHQDXIVLHEOLFNWHQ,KU*UR‰YDWHUZDUYLHUVSlQQLJEHU
/DQGJHIDKUHQ
7URW] GHV EHZHJWHQ /HEHQV GDV KLQWHU LKU ODJ XQG WURW] GHU
6FKZlFKHLKUHV0DJHQVVDKPDQLKULKUHIQI]LJ-DKUHQLFKWDQ,KU
7HLQW ZDU HLQ ZHQLJ IODXPLJ XQG PDWW JHZRUGHQ XQG DXI LKUHU
2EHUOLSSHGHUKEVFKHQ2EHUOLSSH7RQ\%XGGHQEURRNVZXFKVHQ
GLH +lUFKHQ UHLFKOLFKHU DEHU LQ GHP JODWWHQ 6FKHLWHO XQWHU GHP
7UDXHUKlXEFKHQZDUQLFKWHLQHLQ]LJHUZHL‰HU)DGHQ]XVHKHQ
,KUH&RXVLQHGLHDUPH.ORWKLOGHQDKP*HUGD¶V$EUHLVHZLHPDQ
DOOH 'LQJH LP 'LHVVHLWV ]X QHKPHQ KDW JOHLFKPWLJ XQG VDQIW 6LH
KDWWHYRUKLQEHLP$EHQGHVVHQVWLOOXQGJHZDOWLJ]XJHODQJWXQGVD‰
QXQ GD DVFKJUDX XQG PDJHU ZLH VWHWV PLW JHGHKQWHQ XQG
IUHXQGOLFKHQ:RUWHQ
(ULND :HLQVFKHQN QXQ HLQXQGGUHL‰LJMlKULJ ZDU HEHQIDOOV QLFKW
GLH )UDX VLFK EHU GHQ $EVFKLHG LKUHU 7DQWH ]X HUUHJHQ 6LH KDWWH
6FKZHUHUHV HUOHEW XQG VLFK IUK]HLWLJ HLQ UHVLJQLHUWHV :HVHQ ]X
HLJHQJHPDFKW,QLKUHQPGHEOLFNHQGHQZDVVHUEODXHQ$XJHQGHQ
$XJHQ +HUUQ *UQOLFKV  ODV PDQ (UJHEHQKHLW LQ HLQ


IHKOJHVFKODJHQHV/HEHQXQGDXVLKUHUJHODVVHQHQXQGPDQFKPDOHLQ
ZHQLJNODJHQGHQ6WLPPHNODQJGDVVHOEH
:DV GLH GUHL 'DPHQ %XGGHQEURRN GLH 7|FKWHU 2QNHO *RWWKROGV
EHWUDI VR ZDUHQ LKUH 0LHQHQ SLNLHUW XQG YROO .ULWLN ZLH
JHZ|KQOLFK )ULHGHULNH XQG +HQULHWWH GLH lOWHUHQ ZDUHQ PLW GHQ
-DKUHQ LPPHU KDJHUHU XQG VSLW]LJHU JHZRUGHQ ZlKUHQG 3ILIIL GLH
GUHLXQGIQI]LJMlKULJHMQJVWHDOO]XNOHLQXQGEHOHLEWHUVFKLHQ«
$XFK GLH DOWH .RQVXOLQ .U|JHU GLH :LWZH 2QNHO -XVWXV¶ ZDU
JHODGHQ ZRUGHQ DEHU VLH ZDU XQSl‰OLFK XQG KDWWH YLHOOHLFKW DXFK
NHLQSUlVHQWDEOHV.OHLGDQ]X]LHKHQGDVZDUQLFKW]XHQWVFKHLGHQ
(VZDUYRQ*HUGD¶V5HLVHGLH5HGHYRQGHP=XJHPLWGHPVLH]X
IDKUHQJHGDFKWHXQGGHP9HUNDXIHGHU9LOODVDPWGHQ0|EHOQGHQ
GHU0DNOHU*|VFKEHUQRPPHQKDWWH'HQQ*HUGDQDKPQLFKWVPLW
XQGJLQJIRUWZLHVLHJHNRPPHQZDU
'DQQ NDP )UDX 3HUPDQHGHU DXI GDV /HEHQ ]X VSUHFKHQ QDKP HV
YRQ VHLQHU ZLFKWLJVWHQ 6HLWH XQG VWHOOWH %HWUDFKWXQJHQ DQ EHU
9HUJDQJHQKHLW XQG =XNXQIW REJOHLFK EHU GLH =XNXQIW IDVW JDU
QLFKWV]XVDJHQZDUª-DZHQQLFKWRWELQNDQQ(ULNDPHLQHWZHJHQ
DXFKGDYRQ]LHKHQ©VDJWHVLHªDEHULFKKDOWHHVVRQVWQLUJHQGVDXV
XQGVRODQJHLFKDP/HEHQELQZROOHQZLUKLHU]XVDPPHQKDOWHQZLU
SDDU/HXWHGLHZLUEULJEOHLEHQ«(LQPDOLQGHU:RFKHNRPPWLKU
]XPLU]XP(VVHQ«8QGGDQQOHVHQZLULQGHQ)DPLOLHQSDSLHUHQ©
6LHEHUKUWHGLH0DSSHGLHYRULKUODJª-D*HUGDLFKEHUQHKPH
VLHPLW'DQN 'DVLVWDEJHPDFKW«+|UVWGX7KLOGD"«2EJOHLFK
QXQHLJHQWOLFKHEHQVRJXWGXHVVHLQN|QQWHVWGLHXQVHLQOGHGHQQ
LP*UXQGHVWHKVWGXGLFKMDJDUQLFKWPHKUVFKOHFKWHUDOVZLU-DVR
JHKW HV 0DQ PKW VLFK XQG QLPPW $QOlXIH XQG NlPSIW« XQG GX
KDVWGDJHVHVVHQXQGJHGXOGLJDOOHVDEJHZDUWHW$EHUGDUXP ELVW GX
GRFKHLQ.DPHO7KLOGDGDVQLPPPLUQLFKWEHO«©
ª2K 7RQ\"© VDJWH .ORWKLOGH OlFKHOQG ª(V WXW PLU OHLG GD‰ LFK
PLFKYRQ&KULVWLDQQLFKWYHUDEVFKLHGHQNDQQ©VDJWH*HUGDXQGVR
NDPGLH5HGHDXI&KULVWLDQ(VZDUZHQLJ$XVVLFKWYRUKDQGHQGD‰
HU MH DXV GHU $QVWDOW LQ GHU HU VD‰ ZLHGHU KHUYRUJHKHQ ZUGH
REJOHLFKHVZRKOQLFKWVRVFKOLPPPLWLKPVWDQGGD‰HUQLFKWKlWWH
LQ )UHLKHLW XPKHUJHKHQ N|QQHQ $EHU VHLQHU *DWWLQ ZDU GHU
JHJHQZlUWLJH =XVWDQG DOO]X DQJHQHKP VLH ZDU ZLH )UDX


3HUPDQHGHU EHKDXSWHWH PLW GHP $U]WH LP %XQGH XQG
YRUDXVVLFKWOLFK ZUGH &KULVWLDQ VHLQH 7DJH LQ GHU $QVWDOW
EHVFKOLH‰HQ
'DQQHQWVWDQGHLQH3DXVH/HLVHXQG]|JHUQGZDQGWHGDV*HVSUlFK
VLFKGHQMQJVW YHUJDQJHQHQ (UHLJQLVVHQ ]X XQGDOV GHU 1DPH GHV
NOHLQHQ -RKDQQ JHIDOOHQ ZDU ZDUG HV ZLHGHU VWXPP LQ GHU 6WXEH
XQGQXUGHQ5HJHQYRUP+DXVHK|UWHPDQVWlUNHUUDXVFKHQ
(V ODJ ZLH HLQ VFKZHUHV *HKHLPQLV EHU +DQQR¶V OHW]WHU
.UDQNKHLW GLH LQ DX‰HURUGHQWOLFK VFKUHFNOLFKHU :HLVH YRU VLFK
JHJDQJHQ VHLQ PX‰WH 0DQ EOLFNWH VLFK QLFKW DQ ZlKUHQG PDQ
JHGlPSIWHQ 7RQHV LQ $QGHXWXQJHQ XQG KDOEHQ :RUWHQ GDYRQ
VSUDFK 8QG GDQQ ULHI PDQ VLFK MHQH OHW]WH (SLVRGH LQV *HGlFKWQLV
]XUFN«GHQ%HVXFK GLHVHV NOHLQHQDEJHULVVHQHQ *UDIHQ GHU VLFK
EHLQDKHPLW*HZDOWGHQ:HJ]XP.UDQNHQ]LPPHUJHEDKQWKDWWH«
+DQQR KDWWH JHOlFKHOW DOV HU VHLQH 6WLPPH YHUQDKP REJOHLFK HU
VRQVW QLHPDQGHQ PHKU HUNDQQWH XQG .DL KDWWH LKP XQDXIK|UOLFK
EHLGH +lQGH JHN‰W ª(U KDW LKP GLH +lQGH JHN‰W"© IUDJWHQ GLH
'DPHQ%XGGHQEURRNª-DYLHOH0DOH©
+LHUEHUGDFKWHQDOOHHLQH:HLOHQDFK
3O|W]OLFK EUDFK )UDX 3HUPDQHGHULQ7UlQHQDXV ª,FK KDEH LKQ VR
JHOLHEW© VFKOXFK]WH VLH« ª,KU ZL‰W QLFKW ZLH VHKU LFK LKQ JHOLHEW
KDEH«PHKUDOVLKUDOOH«MDYHU]HLK*HUGDGXELVWGLH0XWWHU«
$FKHUZDUHLQ(QJHO«©
ª1XQ LVW HU HLQ (QJHO© YHUEHVVHUWH 6HVHPL ª+DQQR NOHLQHU
+DQQR©IXKU)UDX3HUPDQHGHUIRUWXQGGLH7UlQHQIORVVHQEHUGLH
IODXPLJHPDWWH+DXWLKUHU:DQJHQ«ª7RP 9DWHU *UR‰YDWHU XQG
GLHDQGHUHQDOOH:RVLQGVLHKLQ"0DQVLHKWVLHQLFKWPHKU$FKHV
LVWVRKDUWXQGWUDXULJ©
ª(VJLEWHLQ:LHGHUVHKHQ©VDJWH )ULHGHULNH %XGGHQEURRN ZREHL
VLH GLH +lQGH IHVW LP 6FK|‰H ]XVDPPHQOHJWH GLH $XJHQ
QLHGHUVFKOXJXQGPLWLKUHU1DVHLQGLH/XIWVWDFKª-DVRVDJWPDQ«
$FK HV JLEW 6WXQGHQ )ULHGHULNH ZR HV NHLQ 7URVW LVW *RWW VWUDIH
PLFK ZR PDQ LUUH ZLUG DQ GHU *HUHFKWLJNHLW DQ GHU *WH« DQ
DOOHP'DV/HEHQZL‰WLKU]HUEULFKWVRPDQFKHVLQXQVHVOl‰WVR
PDQFKHQ*ODXEHQ]XVFKDQGHQZHUGHQ«(LQ:LHGHUVHKHQ«:HQQ
HVVRZlUH«©


'DDEHUNDP6HVHPL:HLFKEURGWDP7LVFKHLQGLH+|KHVRKRFK
VLH QXU LUJHQG NRQQWH 6LH VWHOOWH VLFK DXI GLH =HKHQVSLW]HQ UHFNWH
GHQ +DOV SRFKWH DXI GLH 3ODWWH XQG GLH +DXEH ]LWWHUWH DXI LKUHP
.RSIH
ª(V LVW VR© VDJWH VLH PLW LKUHU JDQ]HQ .UDIW XQG EOLFNWH DOOH
KHUDXVIRUGHUQGDQ
6LHVWDQGGDHLQH6LHJHULQLQGHPJXWHQ6WUHLWHGHQ VLH ZlKUHQG
GHU =HLW LKUHV /HEHQV JHJHQ GLH $QIHFKWXQJHQ YRQ 6HLWHQ LKUHU
/HKUHULQQHQYHUQXQIW JHIKUW KDWWH EXFNOLJ ZLQ]LJ XQG EHEHQG YRU
hEHU]HXJXQJHLQHNOHLQHVWUDIHQGHEHJHLVWHUWH3URSKHWLQ



You might also like