超音波檢測技術的近期發展 與

在台灣的應用實例
Latest evolution of ultrasonic inspection
techniques and practical
applications in Taiwan
工業技術研究院 材化所 ITRI-MRL
吳永豪 Yung-How Wu
Yunghowwu99@gmail.com 2015.11.17
 Outlines

► The Evolution of NDT and Inspection

Automation
► Various Applications of Advanced NDT
Techniques in Taiwan
► Conclusions

Yunghow Wu 2015
► The Evolution of NDT and Inspection
Automation
NDT-Concerns & Applications

Safety Energy
Assurance Conservation
Concerns
NDT
Applications
Defect Material
Detection Characterization

Yunghow Wu 2015
 Correlation and Challenge of NDT
 Aging & Traffic  Intensive loading  Accurate
 Energy saving  Light weight  Efficient

Application

 High strength  Education

Material NDT Inspector
 High quality  Skill &
Experience
Crack Size
Equipment
 High speed &
 Fracture Mechanics Accuracy  Defect Sizing
 FFS  Portable &  Reliability
4
Automatic
Yunghow Wu 2015
 Various Conventional and Advanced
NDT Methods
 Conventional  Advanced(distribution/length &
depth/precise/real-time/fast)
 RT(distribution/length)
 Phased Array UT
 UT(distribution/depth)  Ultrasonic TOFD
 ET(distribution/depth)  Guided Wave Ultrasound
 VT(distribution/length)  Ultrasonic Corrosion Mapping

 IR(distribution)  Ultrasonic IRIS

 Air-coupled Ultrasound
 Real-time X-ray
High POD & Repeatability
Low FCR  HR IR
Variable Scanning Speed & mapping  Electromagnetic ACFM
Easy Record Keeping & Tracing 6

 Pulsed Eddy Current

Yunghow Wu 2015
NDT Automation Related Factors

Yunghow Wu 2015
► Various Applications of Advanced NDT
Techniques in Taiwan
 Automated Techniques for ABWR RIP weld
Objective: To develop a remote operation method and scanner to inspect
the RIP circumferential weld located in 18 mm gap by PAUT and EC FGI
Techniques.

Yunghow Wu 2015
Remote operation system and accessories
for RIP weld inspection

Yunghow Wu 10
PAUT and EC FGI results
of circ. & axial cracks

Yunghow Wu 11
 Wind Turbine Blade Inspection

 Failure of wind turbines,

bearing and anchor bolts
of wind tower occurred in
several locations in
Taiwan.
 Downtime ratio due to
wind turbine blade
damage was reported
generally more than 30 %.

Yunghow Wu 2015
Blade inspection by PAUT and scanner

Yunghow Wu 2015
Field inspection of vessel weld
by PAUT
vessels Isomeric Unit welds

welds

PAUTsample Probe setup

block
weld

crack Beam Traces

14

Yunghow Wu 2015
FFS analysis of vessel with inner crack

Stress Distribution
Von Mises
stress
distribution

PAUT Result Crack depth

Safer
Safety Factor

15
Weld dimension
Yunghow Wu 2015
 Development of PAUT method for
RPV anchor bolts

 Objective
 Todevelop PAUT method together with scanner to improve inspection
performance and to alleviate the public concern on PE results.
 Principle
A complete PAUT record of A/B/C scan may better characterize the
defect, location & size.
 Radiation exposure & psychological stress of inspector may be reduced
by using scanner assisted method in field inspection.
16

Yunghow Wu 2015
 PAUT probe and scanner setup

 Scanner
 Encoder for scanning
 360° circ. scale
 Probe positioning
 Couplant supply
 Probe
 Freq: 10MHz
 128 elt – 7mm elevation –
0.5mm pitch

Yunghow Wu 2015
 Mock up Bolts and
Conventional PE Test

Camera for
Probe tracking
PE mapping

PE probe
+
LED for tracking

Amp.
Yunghow Wu 18
 Comparison of PE and PAUT results
PE mapping (10MHz，0.5 D probe)
Defect image: unclear

PAUT (10MHz, 128elt probe)

Defect image: clear in size & location

N1 N2 N3
N1 N1
N3 N4 N1 N2

N2 N2

N3 N3
Mock up bolt
Length: 660.4mm N4 N4
FBH + 2.5mmNotch
Yunghow Wu 19
 Design of Automated
Blade Inspection
Scanning
Problem Analysis
Signal Analysis

scanner

Mock-up test

Signal Pattern
Defined
20

Yunghow Wu 2015
 Probability Study of Automated
Blade Inspection
POD analysis process
POD Theory

POD 95%, 1mm crack is

detectable
Signal response result

21

Yunghow Wu 2015
 In-Mold Condition Monitoring
by Air coupled Ultrasound
 Reference(Wave speed  Cure) Experimental
speed 2.25 (MHz)
1800 samples with various 3.5 (MHz)
5 (MHz)
1700
degree of cure

1600
prediction
1500

1400

1300

 Conclusions
Sample 1 Sample 2-1 Sample 2-2 Sample 3-1 Sample 3-2
(0%) (50%) (50%) (100%) (100%)

 Experimental wave speed variation meets UT

probe
theoretical result
 Low frequency is required for rubber
I wave R wave thikness
 High temp. experiment is to continue
22

Yunghow Wu 2015
 Feasibility Study
by Air-Coupled Ultrasound
Transmitted
Air coupled
(red) Tire sample
probe

Influences
Attenuation
High Temp.
air

rubber Wires Hollow

air

Amp1  Amp2 PE Thru. Transmission 23

Yunghow Wu 2015
 Conclusions

 The continuing demand for faster transportation and lighter,

safer structures has been driving the NDT to achieve better
inspection performance, efficiency and reliability.
 Aging is a continuing problem in every respect and Material
Characterization or Condition Monitoring using NDT are
promising for reducing risk or energy conservation.
 Mechanized Ultrasonic Inspections were shown to achieve
better inspection performance.
 Human error is always a crucial concern for reliable
inspection and hence Performance Demonstration is necessary.
24

Yunghow Wu 2015
 Thanks!
&
Questions?