1.

Abandoned Baby

Abandoned baby is a reversal pattern that is comprised of three candlesticks. It is found in both
the bullish and bearish markets. A Bullish abandoned baby indicates a change in up trending
market while a bearish pattern indicates a change in down trending market.

2. Account Statement Report

An account statement report contains the summary of an account activity. However, unlike a
regular account statement report, trading account statement also includes information on the
trades executed in the market.

3. Account Value

Account value or the total equity is the total value of the holding available in the account. The
account value also includes the available cash, open trades as well as the stocks or the
securities a trader is holding.

4. Accumulation Area

Accumulation area generally refers to a sideways movement in the stock market. Analysts
usually relate accumulation area to the large institutional investors buying and holding their
positions for a long period. It is in contrast to the distribution area, which refers to liquidating or
selling the holdings.

5. Accumulative Swing Index (ASI)

Accumulative swing index or ASI is a technical indicator used for analysing a long-term trend. It
is a trend line indicator and used on a candlestick chart and is said to be the enhanced version
of the Wilder Swing Index.

6. ADP National Employment Report

The ADP or the Automatic Data Processing National Employment report is the monthly measure
of change in the U.S non-form employment numbers. It is a leading economic number that
provides an insight to the country’s employment situation.

7. Advance/Decline Index

Advance/Decline Index is the breadth indicator that shows the involvement of individual stocks
in market’s overall rise and fall. It is calculated by subtracting the number of falling stocks from
the number of rising stocks.

8. Aggressor
In the financial markets, aggressors refer to those traders who execute their trades at the
current market price rather than using the pending order. The aggressors remove the liquidity
from the market compared to passive traders who add the liquidity by placing advance or
pending orders at different prices.

9. Alan Bollard

Alan Bollard is the former governor of Reserve Bank of New Zealand. Appointed in 2002, he
served two consecutive terms and retired in 2012. Prior to that, he also served as New
Zealand’s treasury Secretary from 1998 to 2002.

10. Alan Greenspan

Alan Greenspan is one of the longest serving chairperson of the U.S Federal Reserve who
remained in the office from 1987 to 2006.

11. Albanian Lek

Lek is the official currency of Albania, a country located on Southeastern Europe’s Balkan
Peninsula.

12. Algerian Dinars

Algerian Dinar is the official currency of Algeria, a country located in the North Africa. Algerian
economy is the second largest economy in Africa followed by Morocco.

13. Algorithm

In the financial industry, an algorithm is generally referred to a computer program that

optimizes the financial forecast by utilizing the mathematical formulas.

14. Algo-Trading (Algorithmic Trading)

Algo-Trading or Algorithmic trading refers to a process of automatically executing the trades

using a predefine set of instructions such as time, price levels, specific price movement, opening
and closing of the market.

15. All-Time-High (ATH)

All time high or ATH refers to the highest price a financial instrument has ever recorded. The
ATH is amended every time when a trading instrument rises to a new price level that it never
achieved before.

16. All-Time-Low (ATL)

All time low or ATL is the lowest price a financial instrument has ever recorded. The ATL is
amended whenever a financial instrument drops a to a price that it never achieved before.
 17. Alligator

In technical analysis, the term Alligator refers to the Williams Alligator indicator. The indicator
uses a smoothed average calculated using a simple moving average to predict and analyse the
future price movement of a security or a currency pair.

18. Altcoin

The term Altcoin refers to all cryptocurrencies except the bitcoin. The altcoin accounts for
nearly 12,000 cryptocurrencies with nearly 60% of the market volume.

19. Analyst

Analyst is the person who analyses the market to predict its future price movement. In the
trading world, there are mainly two types of analysts, the technical analyst and the
fundamental analyst. The technical analysts use the technical indicators while the fundamental
analysts use the economic data to analyse the market.

20. Andrews’ Pitchfork

Andrew’s pitch is a popular technical indicator used to analyse and predict the future price
movement. The indicator draws three support and resistance lines on the chart and is very
useful for identifying the breakouts and breakdown levels.

21. Angela Merkel

Angela Merkel is a German politician who is serving as the country’s chancellor since 2005. She
is the first female chancellor of Germany. She also served as the opposition leader from 2002 to
2005.

22. Angola Kwanza

The Kwanza is the official currency of the Angola, a country located in Africa. The currency
name is derived from Kwanza River.

23. Annual Percentage Rate (APR)

Annual Percentage Rate or APR is the annual interest rate applied on credit cards, mortgages,
personal and corporate loans etc. The charge is expressed as an annual rate rather than a
monthly rate.

24. Annual Percentage Yield (APY)

Annual Percentage Yield or APY is the rate of return earned on an investment. It is the amount
that investors usually earn from their deposits in the bank or investments made in various
financial asset classes.
 25. Anti-Money Laundering (AML)

Anti-Money Laundering is a term that defines the rules, regulations and procedures to prevent
criminals from laundering the money obtained from illegal resources to achieve a legitimate
status.

26. ANZ Commodity Price Index

ANZ Commodity Price Index is monthly a report in New Zealand that provides insight to the
price movement for Kiwi’s main export categories. The index started in 1986 and is now
considered an important source to determine the commodity supply and demand in the
market.

27. Application Programming Interface (API)

Application Programming Interface or API refers to a set of code that allows two softwares to
communicate with each other. In Financial markets, API’s are usually required to connect to
different price sources or share data.

28. Appreciation

In financial markets, the term appreciation refers to increase in the price of an Asset. It may be
an individual stock, an index, a currency pair or any other financial instrument.

29. Arbitrage

Arbitrage refers to buying of an asset from one market and selling it in another market.
Arbitrage helps investors benefit from the price difference of an asset across two different
markets. The difference is usually very tiny.

30. Argentina Pesos

Pesos is the official currency of Argentina, a country located in southern part of South America.
Argentina is the eighth largest country in the word with an approximate GDP size of 450 billion
USD.

31. Armenian Drams

Drams or AMD is the official currency of Armenia, a country located in the central Asia. The
Armenian economy relies on agriculture, services and manufacturing.

32. Aroon Oscillator

Aroon Oscillator is a technical tool used to analyse the financial markets. The oscillator is ideal
for analysing the strength of a trend and is useful for a trend following strategy.

33. Aroon Up/Down

The Aroon oscillator uses two lines Aroon up and Arron down to analyse the trending markets.
The lines move between 0 to 100 and the value near to 100 indicates a strong trend while the
value near 0 indicates a weak trend.

34. Ascending Channel

The ascending channel is formed using two angled trend lines that are placed above each other.
An ascending channel represents the market in an uptrend and the two trends lines act as a
support and resistance lines.

35. Ascending Triangle

Ascending Triangle is a pattern is that is often drawn by connecting two trend lines, one that
connects the swing highs and the other by connecting the swing lows. The Ascending triangle is
generally considered a bullish pattern.

36. ASIC Mining

A device that uses microprocessors to mine the digital currencies. These are generally bitcoin
specific machines and very effective for mining the bitcoins

37. Ask

A price at which a trader sells a security or a currency pair. Ask also refers to offer price or
asking price.

38. Asset

In financial terms, an asset is a resource owned by a business or an individual. An asset can be

converted into cash.

39. Asset Purchase Programme (APP)

Asset purchase programme or APP refers to a program used by central banks to keeping the
long-term interest rates low and support the local economy.

40. Asset Purchases

The term Asset purchase refers to buying a particular liability or asset. Purchasing the asset
transfers the ownership to the seller.

41. Asymmetric Encryption

Asymmetric encryption is used in cryptography. In this system, two pair of keys are used and
each pair has a private and public key. The key generation largely depends on the cryptography
algorithm.
 42. Asymmetric Slippage

Asymmetric Slippage is when the broker handles an order differently, largely based on whether
the market has moved in favour or against the trader.

43. At Best

The term at best describes the instruction attached to an order to execute the trade at best
possible price. At best, orders mainly refer to market orders.

44. At Or Better

At or better refers to set of instructions to execute an order at the market price or at better
price.

45. ATH

ATH stands for All Time High. It is the highest price a financial instrument has ever reached.

46. Austerity

Austerity refers to the difficult measures adopted by governments to cut the public
expenditures. The austerity measures are usually adopted during a financial crunch and aim to
help improve the economic conditions.

47. Australian Dollar

The AUD or Australian dollar is the currency of Australia. The currency is also used by several
pacific islandic countries.

48. Autorité des marchés financiers

Autorité des marchés financier is a financial regulator in the Canadian province of Quebec.

49. Average Directional Index (ADX)

Average Directional Index or ADX is a technical tool used for analysing the trending markets.
The ADX help traders reduce the risk by analysing the strength of a trend plan their entry and
exit levels according.

50. Average True Range (ATR)

The average true range is a market volatility indictor. The indicator was originally developed to
analyse the commodity market but has gained huge popularity among the Forex traders.

51. Awesome Oscillator

The Awesome Oscillator is a technical indicator that measures the market momentum. It was
created by an American trader Bill Williams. The oscillator uses the 35 and 5 period moving
averages to measure the market momentum.

52. Azerbaijan Manats

Manats is the official currency of Azerbaijan, a country located in central Asia. Azerbaijan
economy is based on oil exports and it is estimated that country holds 0.4% of the world’s total
oil reserves.

53. Bahamas Dollars

The dollar is the currency of Bahamas since 1966. It is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign
$, or alternatively B$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies

54. Bahrain Dinars

Dinar is the official currency of Bahrain, a small country located in the Persian Gulf. Bahrain’s
economy is largely dependent on oil and gas export. Bahraini Dinar is the second highest value
currency in the world.

55. Bail-In

The term bail-in refers to providing assistance to financial institutions that are on the brink of a
collapse. The bail in process generally includes cancelling or postponing the debt payments.

56. Bailout

The bailout is a provision of financial help to assist businesses and corporations that are on a
brink of bankruptcy.

57. Balance Of Trade

The balance of trade refers to the difference between a country’s imports and exports. It is also
known as the trade balance.

58. Baltic Dry Index

The Baltic dry index provides a benchmark for the price of moving the major raw materials by
sea. The Baltic dry index is reported daily by Baltic Exchange in London.

59. Bangladesh Taka

Taka is the official currency of Bangladesh. Bangladesh is the 37 th largest economy in the world
and it is characterised as the fastest developing economies.

60. Bank of Canada (BoC)

BOC is the Central bank of Canada and is responsible for formulating country’s monetary policy,
and for the promotion of a safe and secure financial system within Canada.

61. Bank of England (BoE)

Bank of England or BOE is the central bank of the United Kingdoms. The BOE oversees the
country’s monitor policy.

62. Bank of International Settlement (BIS)

The Bank for International Settlements or BIS was established in 1930 with the aim of assisting
central banks around the world and other monetary institutions to manage their foreign
reserves. The bank’s headquartered is in Basel, Switzerland.

63. Bank of Japan (BoJ)

Bank of Japan is the central bank of Japan and is responsible for formulating the country’s
monitor policy.

64. Banking Institutions

The banking institutions refers to the corporations that provide services as intermediaries of
financial markets. The major categories include the central banks, retail banks and commercial
banks.

65. Bar Chart

The bar chart is a type of graph on which the data is represented by rectangular bars. Bar charts
are ideal for comparing two or more values. The vertical axis of the bar chart is called the y-axis
and the bottom of a bar chart is called the x-axis.

66. Barbados Dollars

The Barbados dollar is the official currency of the island of Barbados. The currency is pegged to
the U.S. dollar at a rate of two BBD per US dollar.

67. Base Currency

In a currency pair, the first currency or the currency on the left side is called the base currency.
For instance in EUR/USD pair the euro is the base currency.

68. Base Rate

Base rate is the minimum rate set by a country’s central bank below which commercial banks
are not allowed to lend to their customers.

69. Basing
Basing is a chart pattern that indicates the demand and supply of a security are almost equal.
Basing results in narrow or sideways trading ranges.

70. Basis Point

A basis point or BPS is a standard measure for interest rates in percentages. One basis point is
equal to 1/100th of 1%, or 0.01%, or 0.0001, and is used to denote the percentage change in a
financial instrument.

71. Bear

The term bear represents investors in the market who anticipates that prices will decline. A
bearish investor prefers placing a short trade to benefit from the falling price.

72. Bear Flag

A bear flag is a technical pattern that indicates the downtrend is likely to continue. The bear
flags are usually preceded by small consolidation phases.

73. Bear Market

The term bear market refers to the declining prices for a prolonged period. In bear markets,
traders prefer taking short position to benefit from the falling prices and the overall trend is
described as bearish.

74. Bear Trap

A bear trap is a false technical indication that lures investors into taking short positions. It is
often triggered by a decline in rising prices, which then turns out to be a short-term correction
rather than a complete reversal.

75. Bearish Engulfing Pattern

Bearish engulfing is a candlestick pattern that is comprised of two candles. The pattern
indicates that the rising price of an instrument may start to decline. The first candlestick in this
pattern is green and the second candle is red it completely engulfs the first green candle.

76. Beige Book

The Beige Book is a qualitative review of economic conditions published eight times in a year by
the US Federal Reserve. It provides the Summary of Current Economic Conditions in the US.

77. Belarus Rubles

Rubles is the official currency of Belarus, a country in Eastern Europe. Belarus economy is
export-oriented country and it has well developed manufacturing industry, services sector and
agriculture.
 78. Belize Dollars

The Belize dollar is the official currency in Belize. It is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign
$, or alternatively BZ$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies

79. Ben Bernanke

Ben Bernanke is a former chairman of the US Federal Reserve. He serving from 2006 to 2014. As
Federal Reserve chairman, Bernanke oversaw the central bank's response to the 2008 financial
crisis.

80. Benchmark

Benchmarking is a way of measuring the performance of a company's services, products, or

processes against those of another business.

81. Benchmark Index

Benchmarks indexes are created to include multiple securities representing some aspect of the
total market. Benchmark indexes have been created across all types of asset classes and they
are a great way to measure financial performance.

82. Bermuda Dollars

The Bermudian dollar or BMD is the official currency of Bermuda, an island country in the
Atlantic Ocean. The Bermudian dollar is pegged to the U.S. dollar at a rate of 1:1

83. Bhutan Ngultrum

The Bhutanese ngultrum or BTN is the official currency of Bhutan. Bhutan's economy is
considered small and underdeveloped. The country heavily relies on its neighbour India for
assistance.

84. Bid

In financial markets, the Bid represents the price at which the broker is willing to buy from the
trader

85. Bid-Offer Spread

The gap between the bid and offer price is called the spread.

86. Biflation

Biflation is a relatively new term first used in 2003 by Dr. F. Osborne. Biflation is an economic
state in which inflation and deflation occur simultaneously in different parts of the economy.

87. Big Figure

The last two digits of an exchange rate are the points or pips. The rest of the rate is called big
figure.

88. Big Figure Quote

In Forex, exchange rates are usually quoted to 5 figures. The first three digits of the quote are
called the big figure quote. For example, if EUR/USD quote is 1.25250 then the big figure quote
will be 1.252.

89. Big Mac PPP

The Big MAC PPP or Purchasing Power Parity is a survey conducted every year to record the
disparities in consumer purchasing power. The Survey started in 1986 by the Economist.

90. Binary Options

Binary options are an all or nothing investment in which one side wins and the other side loses
depending on a yes/no outcome at expiration.

91. Bitcoin (BTC)

BTC or Bitcoin is a digital currency created in 2009. It is a decentralized currency that can be
sent using a peer to peer network. BTC is also called the cryptocurrency or a virtual currency.

92. Bitcoin Cash

Bitcoin Cash is a cryptocurrency that was created in 2017. It was created from the fork of
bitcoin resulting in an increased block size and increased transactions for processing. The
Bitcoin cash also went through a fork in 2018.

93. Bitcoin Maximalist

Bitcoin is world’s most traded and popular cryptocurrency. Bitcoin maximalists maintain that
this currency is superior to all other digital currencies available in markets. Therefore, Bitcoin is
single most demanded future asset.

94. Block

When same security is bought or sold in a large quantity, it is termed as block. However, there
is no defined size for block but usually it constitutes more than 10,000 equity shares. Block can
be sold or bought by an individual or an institution.

95. Block Explorer

Block explorer is specific explorer designated for exploring the blockchain-based assets. It
resembles a lot with Google Chrome or Mozilla but differs in functionality.
 96. Block Header

In block chain, each block is assigned with a unique identity known as block header.

97. Block Height

Block height refers to location, time and size of a particular block in a blockchain. This is
useful to understand that how many blocks come before that particular block.

98. Block Reward

When any investor does a successful block mining, he or she is rewarded with specific
number of bitcoins in form of block reward. This reward amount halves after creation of
every 210,000 blocks.

99. Blockchain

Blockchain is a system of recording information of every block present on the block chain.
Whenever a new transaction is occurred in blockchain, it is added to the ledger of every
participant. It ensures the security of system.

100. Blue Chip

Blue chip stocks are those stocks that are comparatively stable, have good reputation and
are reliable. These stocks are profitable in good as well as bad times.

101. Bolivia Bolivianos

Bolivian boliviano (BOB) is the national currency of Bolivia.

102. Bollinger Bands (BB)

Bollinger bands are upper and lower bands that work in combination with a moving
average. In other words, these help to decide the price movements in both direction and
change in prices on a relative basis.

103. Bond

In finance, a bond is an instrument of obligation of the bond issuer to the holders. There are
various kinds of bonds famously municipal bonds and corporate bonds.

104. Bond Auction

Whenever governments face financial crunch, they issue bond to public. Through bond
auction, public invest in govt. bonds or in other words, govt. debt. Bonds are issued for long
term; there maturity normally can be 30 years or more.

105. Bond Yield

The final values a bond can have on its date of maturity is termed as yield to maturity
(YTM). For calculating bond yield. Annual coupon interest is divided by the market price.

106. Book

All financial records of any organization or business is recorded in Book. Normally there are
two sets of financial books is a company's financial records. Many companies have at least
two sets of financial books: for tax authorities and for stockholders.

107. Boris Schlossberg

Boris Schlossberg is managing director of BK Asset Management and a founding partner of

BKForex. He is specialist in FX market.

108. Botswana Pulas

The Pula Fund is the sovereign wealth fund of the African nation of Botswana. This fund is
co-owned by the government and the Bank of Botswana.

109. Brazilian Brazil Real

BRL is the currency abbreviation symbol for the Brazilian real (BRL), the currency for Brazil.

110. Breakdown

A breakdown is a downward move in a security's price, usually through an identified level of

support, which portends further declines. A breakdown commonly occurs on heavy volume
and the subsequent move lower tends to be quick and severe in magnitude.

111. Breakeven

A breakeven point is used in multiple areas of business and finance. In accounting terms, it
refers to the production level at which total production revenue equals total production
costs.

112. Breakout

When a stock price moves above the resistance area or move lowers than the support level,
its termed as breakout.

113. Brent Crude

Brent blend is a light crude oil, normally found in Northwest Europe, is useful for the
production of petrol. , though not as light as West Texas Intermediate (WTI).

114. Bretton Woods Agreement Of 1944

After WW II, The Bretton Woods agreement was carried out in Bretton Woods, New
Hampshire. Fixed currency exchange rate was devised in this agreement where currency
would be backed by gold.

115. BRIC

BRIC is an abbreviation for the economic bloc of countries consisting of Brazil, Russia, India,
and China. It is generally believed by many economists that BRIC nations, by 2050, will
control suppliers of manufactured goods and services because of low labor and production
costs.

116. Broadening Formation

Broadening formation occurs when two diverging trend line are moving in opposite
direction - one rising and one falling.

117. Broker

An intermediate between an investor and a securities exchange is called broker. It facilitate

trade for both individual as well as security exchanges.

118. Broker-Dealer

A broker-dealer is a financial entity, which deals in stocks on behalf its customer.

119. BTD

'Buy the Dip' or BTD is widely known investment strategy. This strategy asks for buying the
shares, once they have reached their lowest value.

120. BTFD

BTFD, or "buy the fucking dip", is an aggressive strategy of dip buying encouraged by traders
in hot markets, such as with Bitcoin.

121. Bucket Shop

A brokerage firm involved in wrong business practices is termed as bucket shop.

122. Bulgarian Leva

BGN is the currency code for the Bulgarian lev - official currency of the country of Bulgaria.

123. Bull

Bull in stock market is termed as optimistic tendency of investor. An investor who assumes
that prices of security will go up and designs investment strategy accordingly is termed as
bull.
124. Bull Flag

When a security is in strong uptrend as evident through chart, its termed as bull flag. This
pattern looks like a flag on the pole if analysed on chart.

125. Bull Market

Normally when bull investors dominate the market, the prices of stock goes up. The rising
market is called bull market.

126. Bull Trap

Bull trap occurs when an investor predicts that prices will go up and makes an investment
decision. However, after buying a particular stock, the prices start moving downward.

127. Bullish

'Bullish Trend' refers to rising stock prices in the market indices.

128. Bullish Belt Hold

It is single-day Japanese candlestick pattern. This normally hints toward possibility of

reversal of the prevalent downtrend.

129. Bullish Engulfing Pattern

A bullish engulfing pattern is a white candlestick. This candlestick is shaded white because it
closes higher than the earlier day's opening price; even though it opened on price lower
than the previous day's closing price.

130. Bundesbank

The Bundesbank is the central bank of Germany. The conspicuous feature of this bank is its
inherent interest in a stable financial and monetary system.

131. Burundi Francs

Burundi franc is the basic unit of money in Burundi. Franc - the basic monetary unit in many
countries. It equal to 100 centimes.

132. Business Inventories

Business inventory include raw material, processed good and finished goods.

133. Buy-Side
Investing institutions made for money-management purposes mostly do buy-side decisions.
Buy side decisions include purchasing a stocks, bonds, or any other financial products while
keeping in view the interest of respective company or client portfolio.

134. Buy The Dip (BTD)

When a stock price hits dip, it should be bought. It is generally assumed that after falling to
certain level, the price of share will move up.

135. Buying Pressure

When a number of investors or institutions are buying a security, it creates buying pressure.
It indicates that majority believes that price of that share will go up.

136. Cable

A slang term used for indicating exchange rate between US dollar and British Pound.

137. Camarilla Pivot Points

An indicator guiding investor about entry, exist and profit taking points.

138. Cambist

Financial professional expert in foreign exchange is called Cambist.

139. Cambodian Riels

Riel is currency of Cambodia.

140. Canadian Dollar

Currency of Canada. CAD is the official currency of Canada and is considered a standard
currency.

141. Cape Verde Escudos

The Cape Verde Escudo (CVE) is the national currency of the African island nation of Cape
Verde.

142. Carbon Credits

Carbon credits are permits given to various nations deciding how much carbon emission can
be done.

143. Carry Trade

A trading strategy in which loan is borrowed at low interest rate and is invested in a security
or assets which returns higher rate of return.
144. Cash Market

In cash market, goods or shares are bought and sold while immediately paying for, or
receiving for bought and sold commodity respectively.

145. Catalyst

Any positive or negative news that introduces a drastic change in the price of the security is
called catalyst in finance.

146. Cayman Islands Dollars

KYD is the abbreviation of the Cayman Islands Dollar. KYD replaced the former currency
named Jamaican dollar,

147. Cboe Euro Currency Volatility Index (EVZ)

The Cboe Eurocurrency Volatility Index (EVZ) provides insights about 30-day expected
volatility of the currency shares in Forex.

148. CeDeFi

CeDeFi stands for Centralized Decentralized Finance. This represents an ideal merger of
both centralized and decentralized finance because it include the best functionalities of
both systems. CeDeFi helps in meeting the conventional financial regulatory standards
along with the exploration of innovative financial products.

149. Central Bank

Central bank is the national bank of any country that manages the monetary policy and
other financial services of country. Central banks worldwide are termed as lender of last
resort for government and banks.

150. Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)

CDBC is virtual money that is issued and backed by the central bank of the respective
country.

151. Central Bank Intervention

The buying or selling of domestic currency in the foreign market with purpose of influencing
the value of domestic currency by central bank.

152. Central Counterparty Clearing House (CCP)

 A financial institution carrying counterparty credit risk related to any transaction between
parties is called CCP. It also ensures the clearance of settlement for trades that take place in
foreign exchange, securities, options, and derivative contracts.

153. Central Ledger

A ledger that contains all the financial records of company including its assets, liabilities,
equity, revenues, and expenditures.

154. Central Limit Order Book (CLOB)

Most commonly used transparent trading method in the equity world market that is
employed by a number of exchanges globally.

155. Centralized:

A centralized market is one in which all financial orders are carried out or routed to one central
market/system/exchange. 

156. Centralized Exchange (CEX)

Centralized Exchange (CEX): CEX is a secure and most trusted crypto and bitcoin exchange in
which an intermediary carries out as well as oversees the trades and manages the assets. 
157. Chaikin Oscillator
A technical analysis tool used to measure the accumulation and distribution of moving
average convergence-divergence.
158. Chargeback
Chargeback is amount returned to a debit or credit card after the customer claims that the
transaction was overcharged.
159. Chart Pattern
Chart patterns come into being due to volatility in the price of stock. These patterns help to
take buy or sell decision related to respective share.
160. Chartist
An investor who relies on the charts of a stock before making investment decision or while
devising investment strategy.
161. Chicago PMI
Chicago PMI stands for Chicago Purchasing Managers Index. It highlights about the
economic condition of manufacturing sector located in Chicago region. 
162. Chile Peso (CLP)
It is currency of Chile and is being circulated since 1975 with code CLP.
163. Chinese Manufacturing PMI
It is index that highlight about the economic health of Chinese manufacturing sector. 
164. Chinese Renminbi
Currency of China with official symbol ¥.
165. Chinese Yuan (CNY)
Chinese currency is known by two names: Yuan (CNY) and people’s Renminbi (RMB).
166. Christine Lagarde
A French politician and lawyer. Currently, he is serving as president of European Central
Bank. 
167. Circulating Supply
The total number of cryptocurrency coins publicly available or circulating in the market.
168. Cleared Funds
Cleared funds are cash deposits in the customer’s account, once the deposited cheque is
cleared. 
169. Clearing
The process from transaction initiated to final settlement. 
170. Clearing Price
The equilibrium price at which a security is cleared and settled by market.
171. Client
The person to whom an agent owes various duties including confidentiality, loyalty and
integrity.
172. Closed Position

A closed position refers to a position in which investors can no longer trade. Other times,
closed position is termed as a position where the risk in the foreign currency has been
removed.

173. Cloud Mining

Cloud mining refers to cryptocurrency mining. In cloud, mining, remote data centers are
utilized with shared processing power. 

174. Coin Age

These are coins made up of brass, nickels etc. and are issued by the central bank of the
respective country. 

175. Cold Storage

Cold storage is a method of storing data that does not connect with the internet or any
other device. 

176. Cold Wallet

Cloud wallet is considered as the safest option for storing data and it is not connected with
the internet all the time. Due to this reason, it is considered as safest.

177. Collateral

Whenever an individual takes a loan, few assets are pledged before the lender as a security
for the loan, known as collateral.

178. Colombian Pesos

It is the currency of Colombia with the code COP. The official peso symbol is $.

179. Comdoll

It is the nickname used for the word “commodity dollar”. Canadian dollar, New Zealand
dollar and Australian dollars are termed as comdolls.

180. Commercial Corporations

The corporations, whose main objective is to earn profits, are not philanthropic in nature.

181. Commission

The brokerage house or investment advisor for its services charges a little amount.

182. Commitments of Traders Report (COT)

The report highlights the breakdown of every Tuesday's open interest.

183. Commodity

Anything brought into the commodity market for the sake of selling.

184. Commodity Channel Index (CCI)

A technical indicator measuring the difference between current price and historical average
price.

185. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC)

An independent agency created for regulation of the US derivative market including futures,
swaps etc.

186. Commodity Research Bureau Index

This index is a representative indicator of the global goods market for a single day. This is
gauged by taking into account the collective price trend of the goods markets. 

187. Commodity Trading Advisor (CTA)

An individual or institution that aims at advising investors regarding buying or selling
decisions for its own profit. This advice can be rendered directly or indirectly. 

188. Communaute Financiere Africaine Francs

It is the currency of eight independent states located in West Africa. 

189. Comoros Francs

It is the official currency of Comoros, symbol CF.

190. Completeness

In financial accounting, this concept signify that accounting information is pertinent to

financial decision being undertaken. 

191. Compound (COMP)

A protocol in financial markets that assists the lending pools to earn interest on various
cryptocurrencies.

192. Comptoirs Francais Du Pacifique Francs

Also known as, CFP Francs is used in the French overseas collectivities. 

193. Conference Board Consumer Confidence Index (CCI)

This index, monthly in nature, tells about consumer buying behavior, attitude and
expectation regarding major macro-economic variables.

194. Confirmation

When a trade is completed, a confirmation is given by the broker in writing to the trader,
containing important details of trade i.e. no of securities, price, time and commission per
share.

195. Confluence

In financial decision-making, the practice of employing a combination of various strategies

and ideas is termed as confluence.

196. Congo Congolese Francs

Currency of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, represented by symbol FC.

197. Consensus Algorithm

A procedure through which all of the blockchain participants reach an agreement about the
prevailing state of distributed ledger.
198. Consolidation

The process of merging assets, liabilities and other financial products into one.

199. Consumer Price Index

A measure to assess the average change in prices of selected commodities over a certain
period. CPI is used to measure the inflation rate.

200. Contagion

A situation in which a shock, especially a negative one, spreads out from one country to
another. 

201. Continuation Diamond

Continuation Diamond is considered a bullish trend in the stock market. It implies that
prices will keep on moving in an upward direction. 

202. Continuation Pattern

This pattern signals that current price movement will stay in the same direction.

203. Continuous Linked Settlement (CLS)

A special US financial institution aimed at providing the settlement services to its members
for the sake of reducing overall risk and efficient delivery.

204. Contract

A deal in the form of an independent agreement about the transaction. There are two kinds
of contracts: spot contract and future contracts.

205. Contract for Difference (CFD)

A financial contract paying the differences in settlement prices that lies between the open
rate and close rate of trading security under consideration.

206. Convergence

Convergence occurs when the price of any asset, security or index aligns with the direction
of related asset’s price.

207. Conversion Rate

Ratio between two currencies is termed as conversion rate.

208. Core PCE Price Index

PCE price index excludes the prices of food and energy. PCE stands for Personal
Consumption Expenditures.

209. Core Wallet

A full node validating as well as relaying the complete transactions on the Bitcoin network.
This wallet can contain entire blockchain - a unique feature.

210. Correlation

The degree of association between two indicators or currencies. If both move in same
direction, it has termed as positive correlation and if move in opposite direction, it has
termed as negative correlation.

211. Cost of Carry

These costs include the expenditures faced due to an investment position such as cost of
holding a security or physical good including storage expense, interest and opportunity cost.

212. Costa Rican Colones

It is the currency of Costa Rica, symbol ₡.

213. Council of the European Union

This council comprises 27 members and is an essential EU decision maker related to political
directions and legislative priorities of the EU.

214. Counter Currency

In currency pairs, the second currency is referred to as counter currency or Quote currency.

215. Counterparty

The party present on the other side of transaction.

216. Country Risk

The level of uncertainty or risk involved in investing in any other country.

217. Cover

The process of limiting the exposure in investing through reducing a liability or obligation.

218. Cover On A Bounce

When a stock price is bounced off a particular support level, investor makes buying decision
by following the cover on a bounce strategy.
219. Cover on Approach

This term is used in place of “shorting” stocks. If a trader predicts that price of share will fall,
he or she shorts/sells a stock.

220. Crack Spread

Crack speed implies the difference between prices of crude oil barrel and refined petroleum
products made through this barrel of oil.

221. Credit Rating

This rating is used to assess the credit worthiness of a borrower before carrying out lending
decisions.

222. Credit Rating Agency

An agency that estimates the credit worthiness of debtors and based upon these estimates
assigns the rating.

223. Credit Risk

Risk associated with the possibility that borrowers will fail to repay the loan.
224. Croatian Kuna

It is currency of Croatia, with symbol ‘kn’ and is in use since 1994.

225. Cross Currency Pair

Any currency pairs that do not trade in the US dollars

226. Cross Rate

Foreign exchange transaction in which the value of currency pair is expressed in terms of
third currency.

227. Crossover

Cross over is a situation in which public equity market investor is simultaneously active in
various divisions of private investment market.

228. Crude Oil Inventories

The unrefined petroleum measured in number of barrels is known as Crude oil inventories.

229. Crush Spread

Crush spread is a trading position in which a trader takes a long-term position in soybean
futures against a short position in soybean meals.
230. Crypto asset

In terms of accounting, the definition of cryptocurrency and crypto asset is same. These are
digital assets, intangible, and these are mentioned in the asset part of the balance sheet.

231. Cryptocurrency

A cryptocurrency is a digital or virtual currency. This type of currency uses cryptography.

That is why it is hard to counterfeit it.

232. Cryptography

Cryptography aims at adopting the practices that ensure secure communication and digital
identity in times of adverse behaviours i.e. cyber-crime, theft and hacking.

233. cTrader

CTrader is an intuitive and easy-to-use trading platform with advanced trading capabilities
such as fast entry and execution and coding customization.

234. Cuban Pesos

The Cuban peso also known as moneda nacional, is the official currency of Cuba.

235. Cup and Handle

A cup and handle is a technical indicator where the price of a stock moves in form of “cup”
pattern. This pattern is mostly followed by a downtrend.

236. Currency

Currency is monetary value that is employed to exchange the goods and services. Currency
is backed by government and is assigned a particular face value for each coin or note and
finally is most commonly recognized and used media of payment.

237. Currency Basket

A set of multiple currencies each having different weightings. Normally, forex traders enter
into currency basket for trading in multiple currency pair at the same time.

238. Currency Code

It is three-character symbol of a currency, as per ISO standard. In these three letter, first
two letters represents the name of the country while the third letter represent the name of
the currency.

239. Currency Devaluation

When the central bank of county deliberately adjust the lower value of its domestic
currency, it is called currency devaluation. Most prominent example in this regard is of
Japan.

240. Currency Exchange Controls

These controls refers to limitation imposed by the government on buying or selling of any
currency or currencies. Such controls normally aims at economic stability by ensuring
exchange rate stability.

241. Currency Exposure

Due to difference in exchange rate between two currencies, the one currency might
become vulnerable to other. Exposure to this vulnerability is termed as currency exposure.

242. Currency Forward

When a specific exchange rate contract is made on currently decided price, but such
contract is carried out at some future date.

243. Currency Future

A FX future or a foreign exchange future is a currency exchange contract that is decided on

today’s ER and will be enforced at a specified date in the future.

244. Currency Hedging

Hedging is normally done to cover the unexpected risk due to change in the Exchange rate.
Therefore, in currency hedging, one party enter into a safe financial contract for subsiding
the negative impact of negative high volatility.

245. Currency Manipulation

When government or the central bank of country manipulates the price or value of
currency.

246. Currency Option

A contract enabling the buyer to purchase or sell a particular currency at a specified

exchange rate on or before a stated time. However, this contract is by nature a right and
not an obligation.

247. Currency Pair

One currency is express in terms of other currency in FX market.

248. Currency Peg

In currency peg, government decide an exchange rate on which foreign currencies will be
traded. This kind of exchange rate is termed as fixed exchange rate.

249. Currency Risk

The risk faced due to change in price of one currency in relation to other currency is called
currency risk.

250. Currency Spot Rate

Spot exchange rate refers to currency value or the price of a currency or good. Moreover,
transaction that takes place on currency rate is called currency spot rate.

251. Currency Trading

Currency trading is also known as foreign exchange or Forex. It is process of buying and
selling currencies in the foreign exchange marketplace. The aim of currency trading is to
make profits.

252. Current Account

The difference between a nation’s exports and imports of goods and services including
payment made to foreign investors and transfers are counted in Current Account.

253. Cyprus Pounds

Cyprus Pound was monetary unit of the Republic of Cyprus before 1 January 2008. Later,
Euro replaced the Cyprus pound.

254. Czech Koruny

Czech koruna is the currency of the Czech Republic since 1993.

255. Daily Chart

Whatever price movement happens in a day for particular security is shown via graph know
as daily chart. In this chart, the movement is shown in form of bars, candlestick, or line
charts.

256. Daily Cut-Off

The time that demarks end of one trading session before the continuation of new trading
session is called daily cut-off.

257. DAO

An organization established as an automated and decentralized entity. It was initiated in

structure of venture capital fund.
258. Dark Cloud Cover

A technical indicator signalling a bearish reversal candlestick pattern. In this pattern, a down
candle opens at the price that is above the closing price of the prior candle. Finally, it closes
somewhere below than the midpoint of the green candle.

259. Dark Pool

A privately organized financial forum that permits institutional investors to trade without
exposure.

260. Dash (DASH)

Dash is an open source, decentralized, autonomous organization that facilitate trade in

cryptocurrency and its users are known as "master nodes".

261. David Dodge

He was Deputy Minister of Finance in 1992. In that role, he served as a member of the
Bank's Board of Directors until 1997.

262. Day Trader

The investors or traders that perform day trading, buying and selling in a same day, are
called day traders.

263. Day Trading

An act of buying and selling a financial product such as stock, currency or options within the
same day.

264. Dead Cat Bounce

A dead cat bounce is a temporary phenomenon in the world of stocks. It pertains with the
short-lived recovery of asset prices from a prolonged fall in the price of that asset which is
again followed by massive downward movement of price.

265. Deal Blotter

Deal blotter consists of all details related to all trades that have taken place over a specific
period.

266. Deal ticket

A complete record of trade agreement including the information such as terms and
condition is known as deal ticket. It is also called as trading ticket.

267. Dealer
A person who manages and trade in over-the counter market for himself or for a particular
client is known as deal.

268. Debt-to-GDP ratio

This ratio tells about credit worthiness of a country by comparing the public debt to its gross
domestic product (GDP).

269. Decentralized

Decentralization is usually associated with distribution, delegation and segregation of

planning and decision making among sub-group, away from centre.

270. Decentralized Exchange (DEX)

Decentralized exchanges (DEX) are a type of cryptocurrency exchange. The unique feature
of these exchanges is that it facilitates direct peer-to-peer cryptocurrency transactions,
without any role of intermediary.

271. Decryption

An act of converting encrypted information into its original layout.

272. Default

A situation in which a borrower fails to meet the legal obligations of a loan.

273. DeFi

Famously known as Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is a blockchain-based form of finance. This

kind of finance works through utilization of smart contracts that take place via block chains,
thus removing the need for intermediaries.

274. Deficit

When expenditure are greater than the revenues received over a particular period. This is
commonly known as budget deficit.

275. Deflation

Continuous decline in the price level of goods and services.

276. Delivery

Act of transferring a commodity, currency, or any other financial product as per contract to
the other party.

277. Delivery Date

The specified date on which the said good or financial product was decided to be delivered
as per futures or forward contract.

278. Delta

The ratio comparing the change in the price of one asset with respect to the price of its
derivative.

279. Demarker Indicator

It is an oscillator whose values is determined through comparison of highest and lowest

prices achieved in the current time period, with the equivalent prices achieved in the
previous period.

280. Denmark Kroner

The krone is the official currency of Denmark.

281. Depreciation

In accounting, depreciation means the fall in values of an asset due to decrease in its life or
overall wear and tear is called depreciation. While in Exchange rate, the fall in values of
currency due to its lower demand in the international market is termed as depreciation.

282. Depression

A period indicating the severe and prolonged downturn in economic activity.

283. Derivative

In finance, a derivative whose value is dependent on the performance of an underlying

entity. This base entity might be an asset, index, or any other macroeconomic variable.

284. Descending Channel

A channel drawn by joining with a line the lower highs and lower lows of a particular stock
price is termed as descending channel.

285. Descending Trend Line

A chart or graph where a line is drawn which connects two or more than two lower highs.
Such line negative slope.

286. Descending Triangle

A descending triangle represent a bearish chart pattern. This triangle is employed while
carrying out technical analysis and is made via drawing a trend-line that joins a series of
lower highs. Another horizontal line is drawn that joins a series of lows.
287. Desk

It is a physical location where exchange of securities take place through buying and selling
decision of investors.

288. Details

Details aims at providing information about relevant stocks i.e. price movement and other
technical indicators.

289. Detrended Price Oscillator

In technical analysis, this indicator employs displaced moving averages for the sake of
eliminating the long-term trends in prices.

290. Diamond

Diamond in stock market indicates the reversal of an uptrend or upward movement of a

stock price.

291. Diamond Hands

This strategy implies that investor hold a portfolio or security irrespective of its volatility,
loss or profit. In other words, the fall in price do not make him panic and rise in price do not
convince him to be greedy.

292. Digital Assets

These assets reduce the complexity that arises due to multiparty workflows and support the
financial service providers to redefine the critical workflows for the sake of simplification.

293. Digital Signature

Also known as, Electronic signature are used to sign a document. These signatures protect
from the cyber threats such as identity theft and fraud.

294. Dip

Debtor-in-possession financing or DIP financing is a kind of financial assistance that is

provided to firms or organization that are facing financial crunch usually due to restricting
or default on loans.

295. Direct Market Access (DMA)

Direct market access (DMA) is about access to market directly without need of any broker.
It involves electronic facilities that make the independent trades possible.

296. Direct Price Stream

A direct price stream occurs when a liquidity provider provides with the prices on which
investors can directly buy or sell the securities. This enhances bilateral relationships with
customers and in this way, liquidity provision are linked with the overall profitability.

297. Direct Quotation

Foreign currency expressed in terms of the domestic currency.

298. Directional Movement Index (DMI)

J. Welles Wilder developed the average directional movement index. It measures the
strength as well as direction of the price trend.

299. Dirty Float

When central bank of country interferes for the sake of changing the value of domestic
currency, this practice is termed as dirty float.

300. Discretionary Account

An account in which broker take buy and sell decision without taking the opinion or consent
of its client is called discretionary account. However, for such kind of account, a client sings
a discretionary disclosure with the broker that give this right to the broker.

301. Discretionary Trading

Discretionary trading takes place in discretionary account where a broker can take
investment decision without asking from the client.

302. Disparity Index

This index is a technical indicator that estimates the relative position of an asset's most
recent closing price to a selected moving average. This index produces the value in form of
percentage.

303. Distributed Consensus

A distributed consensus ensures a consensus of data among nodes in a distributed system.

This system ensures a mechanism through which a blockchain network reach consensus.

304. Distributed Ledger

A distributed ledger is a kind of database that is harmonized and is available through various
websites as well as geographic locations.

305. Divergence
Divergence occurs when price of an asset moves in the reverse direction as of a technical
indicator. Divergence is usually taken as warning which might be due to serious change in
fundamental indicators of security.

306. Diversification

In finance, diversification is keeping various securities in portfolio rather than investing in

single security or securities of single sector such as oil. Diversification reduces the overall
risk.

307. Djibouti Francs

The Djiboutian franc is the currency of Djibouti with currency code DJF.

308. Dogecoin

Dogecoin (DOGE) is a peer-to-peer, open-source cryptocurrency.

309. Doji

In technical analysis, Doji candlestick pattern occurs when a security's opening price and
closing price are virtually equa during a specific time span. This candle indicates toward a
reversal pattern for technical analysts.

310. Dominance 

This strategy states that if all securities under consideration are offering the same rate of
return, the security with least risk will be most preferable.

311. Dominican Republic Pesos

DOP is the foreign exchange currency abbreviation for the Dominican Peso, the national
currency of the Dominican Republic.

312. Double Bottom

A double bottom pattern indicate the tendency of rebound in the price of a stock. This
technical analysis charts pattern that signals a change in price movement as well as
momentum reversal from prior leading price action

313. Double Spending

Double spending occurs when the holder of digital currency makes the copy of digital token.
Later on, this token is cashed by sending it to merchant. However, the original digital
currency is kept in hold.

314. Double Top

This indicates an extremely bearish technical reversal pattern. This pattern is usually formed
when a security has reached its highest price for two consecutive times.

315. Dove

This term is used to refer for an economic policy advisor who encourages expansionary
monetary policies such as low-interest rates

316. Dow Jones

The Dow Jones Industrial Average is a price-weighted measurement stock market index of
30 prominent companies listed on stock exchanges in the United States.

317. Dow Theory

The Dow Theory is a financial theory. This theory states that if the market average price
moves above the previous highest average there will be an upward trend.

318. Down Tick

If transaction for a stock, option or future takes place at a price lower than previous
transaction, it implies down tick.

319. Downtrend

A downtrend refers to the movement of price of security toward lower value as compared
with the previous transaction. Downtrend keeps present in market until there is persistence
lower highs and lower lows in the graph.

320. Dragonfly Doji

A candlestick pattern that can signal a potential reversal in price to the downside or upside,
depending on past price action. It is formed when the asset's high, open, and close prices
are the same.

321. Drawdown

It is a peak-to-trough fall of price of a security during a particular time for an investment.

This drawdown assist in gauging the risk associated with the security as well as help in
comparing investments.

322. Dump

When selling of any security takes place in bigger amount, its called stock is being dumped.
This usually happens when traders hear some shocking news about the respective stock,
which would negatively influence its price.
323. Durable Goods Orders

Durable goods have longer life at least spanning around three years. Consumers as well as
businesses purchase these goods and their demand is highly dependent on the stability in
the economy.

324. Dust Transaction

Dust, in cryptocurrency terms, denotes to the little amounts of transactions that have no
significance due to too low value.

325. DYOR

DYOR stands for “Do Your Own Research”. This asks for carrying out research about the
relevant security before making an investment.

326. E-trading Desk

Electronic trading of securities, and other financial products through electronic desks.

327. East Caribbean Dollars

The Eastern Caribbean dollar is the currency of all seven full members and one associate
member of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States.

328. ECDSA

In cryptography, the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm provides with an alternate of
the Digital Signature Algorithm that employ elliptic curve cryptography.

329. ECN

An Electronic Communication Network (ECN) enables the trading of financial instruments on

places other than traditional stock exchanges. The major instruments traded on ECNs are
stocks and currencies.

330. Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)

The Economic and Monetary Union is an umbrella term. EMU aims at legislative, political
and economic policies formulation of member states. However, the formulated policies
cover the 19 Eurozone states, as well as non-euro European Union states.

331. Economic Calendar

An economic calendar is a source of facilitation for the investors that informs them about
the forthcoming news events. This calendar is available free on several financial and market
websites in various countries.
332. Economic Indicators

Forecasters for the sake of interpreting the current as well as future investment potentials
use an economic indicator, usually of macroeconomic level. These indicators include but are
not limited to Consumer Price Index (CPI), Gross domestic product (GDP), Unemployment,
Inflation and Price of crude oil.

333. Economist

An economist explores and critically analyses economic issues and opines governments,
industries, and individuals about economic issues. They prepare the reports and charts for
the sake of forecasting the market trends. They also explore various economic activities
including sustainability, development, environment, education, and health.

334. Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH)

The efficient-market hypothesis assumes that complete information is reflected through the
stock prices. Due to this reason, no investor can ‘beat the market’.

335. Egyptian Pounds

Egyptian Pound (EGP) is the official currency of the Arab Republic of Egypt.

336. El Salvador Colones

The colon was the currency of El Salvador between 1892 and 2001. Later, it was replaced by
the U.S. dollar during the presidency of Francisco Flores.

337. Electronic Brokering Services

These services provide access to electronic trading platform that is used for trading on the
foreign exchange with market-making banks.

338. Electronic Direct Trading:

In electronic direct trading, investors have direct access to the e - facilities and order books
of the foreign exchanges market. Through direct access, trader can by himself execute trade
orders.

339. Electronic Indirect Trading

This kind of trading is completely opposite of electronic direct trading. In this kind of
trading, the trade orders are executed via a third party, which can be a voice broker or a
third-party electronic platform.

340. Electronic Market Maker

A firm, which gives information about prices of securities on electronic trading (e-trading)
platform, is known as electronic market maker. This market maker ensures liquidity facility
for traders and also constantly keeps on submitting limit orders to buy or to sell.

341. Elliott Wave Theory (EWT)

The Elliott wave theory explains about the price patterns in the financial market and on this
basis, it forecasts the market trends. It is part of technical analysis and aims at identifying
the behaviour patterns of investors, upward and downward trends in prices, and other
collective factors.

342. Elliptic Curve Cryptography

This kind of cryptography ensures the provision of same level of security, like non-EC
cryptography, with smaller keys. This is based upon the algebraic structures of elliptic
curves.

343. Emerging Market (EM)

A marker having characteristics of both developed as well as under-developed market.

344. Empire State Manufacturing Index

A monthly report highlighting about the growth of manufacturing sector is New York State.

345. Employment Change

A monthly report that measures change in overall employment condition of country during
span of one month.

346. Employment Cost Index

This index measures the variation in labor price.

347. Employment Situation Report

This report highlights about the number of people employed, unemployed and hours spend
on work. This report is issued on first Friday of every month.

348. End of Day Order

The buy or sell order for only those securities that are open until day end is called end of
day order. 350. Encryption

The process of making the information unreadable for everybody is called encryption. The
purpose of data encryption if to ensure security and such data is normally protected
through a password or a key.
349. Engulfing Pattern

A candlestick pattern, bullish in nature, which emerges when a small red candlestick is
followed by a large green candlestick on the very next day.

350. Entry Order

When a buy order is placed on specific price, it is termed as entry order. This specific price
lets the investor to enter in a security at optimal price.

351. EOS

A blockchain venue enabling growth of business applications such as DApps. EOS facilitates
protected access and verification, consent, data hosting, date-use management, and
communication between the DApps and the Internet.

352. ERC20

Ethereum Request for Comment is a recognized standard for creating and issuing smart
contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. It was implemented in 2015.

353. Eritrea Nakfa

It is the currency of Eritrea, on place of Ethiopian birr at par.

354. Estonian Krooni

Old currency of Estonia. In January 2011, this currency was replaced with Euro.

355. ETF (Exchange Traded Fund)

A joint investment vehicle with intraday securities that are traded at a market-determined
rate. ETF is bought or sold via broker.

356. Ether

A system of payment for network members to perform their bidden operations on the
network.

357. Ethereum (ETH)

A home to digital money, global payments, and applications. Ethereum if second largest in
market capitalization after Bitcoin. Programmer Vitalik Buterin stated it in 2013.

358. Ethereum Classic (ETC)

Ethereum Classic is an open-source, decentralized, blockchain-based distributed

cryptocurrency platform that runs smart contracts.
359. Ethiopian Birr

Unit of currency in Ethiopia with symbol Br, ብር.

360. Euro (EUR)

An official currency of 19 of total 27 EU states, represented with symbol €.

361. Euro Interbank Offered Rate

The interest rate at which the EU banks lend the unsecured funds. This rate is issued by
European money markets on daily basis.

362. Eurobonds

A bond, internationally recognized, issued in currency other than the domestic currency of
the country from where it is issued.

363. Eurodollars

A U.S. dollar denominated bond issued by foreign company. This is also kept in some foreign
institution that lies outside the U.S.

364. Euro group

An informal body comprising of ministers of the euro area member nations that gather to
deliberate on issues pertinent to their joint responsibilities linked to the euro.

365. European Central Bank (ECB)

The bank that is responsible for managing the Euro along with formulation and
implementation of economic and monetary policy of EU.

366. European Commission

An executive branch of the EU that is authorized to propose the legislation, implement EU

laws and give directions related to administrative operations of union.

367. European Currency Unit (ECU)

A basket currency made up of the sum of fixed amounts of 12 of the 15 currencies of the EU
Member States. Its monetary value is estimated by taking weighted average of the value of
its component currencies

368. European Economic Area (EEA)

An international settlement, which permits the spread of the EU single market to member
states of the European FTA (Free Trade Association).
369. European Financial Stability Facility

A facility is introduced for the sake of management of European financial management crisis
such as accumulating state debt obligations.

370. European Free Trade Association (EFTA)

A regional trade organization and free trade area consisting of four European states:
Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland.

371. European Markets Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR)

A regulation facility created with the purpose of regulating over-the-counter derivatives,

central counter-parties and trade depositories.

372. European Parliament

A co-legislator especially on issues linked with legislative proposal and EU budget.

373. European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA)

An independent EU Authority, with headquarter in Paris. This body has substituted the
Committee of European Securities Regulators on 1 January 2011. It is one of the three new
European Supervisory Authorities set up within the European System of Financial
Supervisors.

374. European Stability Mechanism

An intergovernmental organization located in Luxembourg City. This origination works

under public international law for all Eurozone Member States.

375. European Union (EU)

A political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe.

376. Eurozone

This zone consist of monetary union of 19 member states of the European Union. All of
these member states accept Euro as their primary currency.

377. Evening Doji Star

In technical analysis, it resembles with the evening start making a pattern through three
candles bearish reversal trend.

378. Evening Star

Evening star pattern, in technical analysis, is an indication that the current trend is about to
get reverse in the direction. Especially if it uptrend, the pattern of evening star implies that
downtrend is about to hit now.

379. EVM

Eaton Vance California Municipal Bond Fund (EVM) is a bond that is issued by
municipalities, local administrations or their agencies within the state of California.

380. Exchange

A marketplace where transaction of financial products like stocks, futures, options,

derivatives, currencies etc. takes places is called exchange.

381. Exchange (Crypto)

A platform, which allows buying, or selling the cryptocurrencies is called crypto exchange.

382. Exchange Rate

The rate at which one currency is exchanged into another currency.

383. Exchange Rate Risk

This risk is also called the foreign exchange risk because investor fears that a shock or
disturbance in the respective foreign country will affect the value of its currency. For
example, if one has to pay in US dollar monthly, a rise in US dollar value would cause that
individual to suffer.

384. Existing Home Sales

This indicator is employed to analyse the development rate of housing sector in US. This
estimate the number of homes that are already owned before coming into market.

385. Exotic Currency

A highly liquid but thinly traded currency is termed as exotic currency.

386. Expectancy

In trading, the average amount an investor expects to win or lose during a trade.

387. Expiry Date

The date on which contract of any financial product expire

388. Exponential Moving Average (EMA)

A technical indicator analysing the movement of price of a security over time. This indicator
places more value on the current price rather than the past price, in other words its
weighted average rendering more weightage to recent price data.

389. Exports

The goods and services sold to foreign country, though they were produced in domestic
country.

390. Exposure

Total amount of money invested in any security is termed as exposure, as it might lose due
to unfavourable conditions of the respective business or economy.

391. Factory Orders

It estimates the variation in the total value of new purchase orders that were positioned
before the manufacturers.

392. Fading

An investor or trader who does stick with his or her stated bid for longer period is said to be
fade in the market and this practice is called fading.

393. Fakeout

In technical analysis, a situation in which an investor into a security based upon the
prediction that the price of that security or asset will go up but in long run, it happens vice
versa.

394. Falkland Islands Pounds

Currency of Falkland Islands with symbol £.

395. Falling Knife

A sharp drop in the price of a security or asset is termed as falling knife. Falling knife is an
indicator of not to enter in that trade.

396. Falling Three Methods

It is a continuation pattern of the existing market trend. For example, if prices are going up,
there will be three or more upward moving candlesticks and vice versa.

397. Falling Wedge

When the price of share consistently touches the lower highs and lower lows, this pattern is
called falling wedge a signal of bearish market trend. When wedge completes in shape, it
signal reversal.

398. Faucet

A reward by Faucet crypto for using their cryptocurrency services is called Faucet.

399. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

An agency that provide deposit insurance to depositors in American depository institutions.

400. Federal Funds Rate

Interest rate at which depository institutes advance reserve balances to other depository
institutes instantaneously on an uncollateralized base.

401. Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)

Other than Federal Reserve, the committee that is authorized to keep an eye on OMOs
(Open Market Operations).

402. Federal Reserve

Central bank of US.

403. Fiat

Paper money, having no intrinsic value but it derives its value through order of government.

404. Fibonacci Arcs

These arcs constitute half circles that extend outward from a line connecting a high and low.
These base lines are drawn by connecting two extreme points.

405. Fibonacci Channel

In technical analysis, Fibonacci channel is a tool used to measure the support as well as
resistance levels.

406. Fibonacci Ellipse

Fibonacci Ellipse is an investment tool that helps the traders in taking optimal buying and
selling decisions based on technical analysis.

407. Fibonacci Extension

The technical tool used to predict the stages of price change of security.
408. Fibonacci Fan

These trendlines are drawn between two extremes of a security price i.e. the highest and
lowest price followed by Fibonacci retracement lines.

409. Fibonacci Retracement

Method for determining the support and resistance level of a security price.

410. Fibonacci Spiral

It is used to determine the areas and time where the price of a particular security can
develop.

411. Fibonacci Studies

This involve a series of analysis tools that are applied in financial markets, for carrying out
technical analysis of any security. These studies focus on sequence and Fibonacci ratios
representing geometric laws of nature and human behaviour.

412. Fibonacci Time Projection

A combination of Fibonacci extensions and Fibonacci time ratios is known as Fibonacci Time
projection.

413. Fibonacci Time Zones

In technical analysis, these zones are represented through vertical lines. It shows potential
areas where a swing high, low, or reversal could occur.

414. Fiji Dollars

Official currency of Fiji represented by symbol FJ$.

415. Filipino Pesos

Official currency of the Philippines with symbol ₱.

416. Fill

An executed order is stock market is called Fill.

417. Fill Price

A term referring to the act of fulfilling an order for a particular financial instrument.

418. Fill Ratio

Ratio of number of successfully filled orders and the total number of orders placed.
419. Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)

An independent financial regulatory body in the United Kingdom for regulating the financial
services in UK.

420. Financial Institution (FI)

Any institution dealing with financial or monetary instruments and facilities.

421. Financial Instrument

An asset that can be traded is termed as financial instrument. This may include cheque,
stocks, bonds, options and futures.

422. Financial Risk

The risk of losing the investment in a particular business venture.

423. Financial Stability Board

An international body that makes recommendation regarding the international monetary or

financial system with an objective of promoting global financial stability.

424. Firm Quote

A ask and bid price at which market maker is willing to trade is termed as firm quote.

425. First In First Out

FIFO means that the securities or assets that were bought or received first will be disposed
off at first.

426. Fiscal Policy

The policy taken by the government for ensuring macroeconomic stability and growth.
There are two tool of fiscal policy: Govt. expenditures and Taxes.

427. Fisher Effect

Tendency of change in interest rate due to change in inflation rate.

428. Fitch

An American credit rating agency.

429. FIX API

The Financial Information eXchange (FIX) Application Programming Interface (API) is a
protocol in electronic communications. It give access to real-time exchange of information
linked to stocks, transactions and other financial products.

430. Fixed Exchange Rate

When currency value is pegged or fixed by central bank or any other monetary authority of
state.

431. Flag

Flag is an indicator that either the previous trend will stay or not. Flags are of two type:
bullish and bearish.

432. Flash Crash

A situation when the price of security suddenly went down but quickly recover itself. This
usually happens when a large buy order is cancelled but later on is re-ordered.

433. Flat

In stock market, when the price of asset is neither rising nor falling.

434. Flip

An asset that is bought with an intention to hold it for short term and making gains is called
flip.

435. Floating Exchange Rate

An ER in which values of currency is determined by demand and supply of currency.

436. Follow-Through

When a major index in the stock market closes significantly above than the last day, its
termed as Follow Through Day (FTD).

437. FOMC Meeting

The annually scheduled eight meetings conducted for reviewing the economic and financial
conditions such as managing money supply in US are known as Federal Open Market
Committee Meeting.

438. FOMO

Trading in the ‘Fear Of Missing Out’ a significant opportunity to invest, buy or sell. 
439. Foreign Currency Effects

When values of an asset held by an investor changes due to change in exchange rate. 

440. Foreign Exchange

A marketplace where currencies are traded. It is trading of one currency into another.

441. Forex (FX)

Trading of one currency into another.

442. Forex Spot Rate

The trading of currency from one to another on current value or price.

443. Forex Trading

Exchanging one currency into another for the sake of making profit.

444. Forward

A contract of trading any currency, asset or security on some future date.

445. Forward Deal

An agreement to buy or sell any financial product on specified future date and price.

446. Forward Guidance

The instructions shared by central bank of a country about the overall economic outlook
and its future forecast.

447. Forward Points

In currency trading, these are the points that are added or subtracted from the prevailed
spot rate. These points are measured by current interest rate in two currencies.

448. Fractal

This indicator represents a common price pattern that is usually prevailed in a particular
financial market.

449. Francoise Hollande

A French politician who served as president of France from 2012 - 2017.

450. Front Office

The office accountable for dealing with services of customers, marketing and operation.

451. FTSE 100

This index comprise of top 100 UK companies by size.

452. FUD

FUD stands for Fear, Uncertainty and Doubts. This technique that is employed in sales,
marketing and public relations. 

453. FUDster

An individual, business or cooperation used the media platform for propagating the FUD in
the market.

454. Full Node

In cryptocurrency, any computer that connects to the Bitcoin network is known as node.
While the nodes that completely verify all transactions and blocks or bitcoin as per rules is
known as full node. 

455. Fundamental Analysis

In the stock market, for analyzing any security two kinds of analysis are undertaken. One is
fundamental analysis and the other one is technical analysis. Fundamental analysis
determines security’s real value through business financial statements, equity, market share
and other economic factors affecting that business. 

456. Fundamentals

Fundamentals in the stock market include cash flows, Return of assets, return on
investment, growth rate and other relevant determinants used for analyzing the intrinsic
value of business. 

457. Futures

Financial contracts that take place in futures on predetermined price and time. 
458. Futures Commission Merchant

An entity that facilitates the trading of future contracts and options.

459. Futures Contract

A standard contract on which the buying or selling date of specific financial product is
mentioned along with a decided price. 

460. FX Swap

FX swaps are agreement in which one party borrows one currency while at the same time,
lends another currency to the involved party

461. G10

Group of 10 highly developed countries aimed at promoting the cooperation for economic
growth through coordination monetary and fiscal policies.

462. G15

Group of 17 countries made up with an objective of fostering cooperation in economic

domain. This group represent third world countries.

463. G20

An intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries and the European Union (EU).

464. G5

The Group of Five (G-5) is a group of nations formed since the mid-2000s. These states
includes Brazil, China, India, Mexico, and South Africa.

465. G7

Group of Seven (G7) is an inter-governmental political forum consisting of Canada, France,

Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.

466. G77

An alliance of 134 developing nations, formed for the sake of promoting the collective
economic interests of its member states and for creation of an enhanced joint negotiating
capacity.

467. G8
Intergovernmental organization of world is leading industrialized countries including the
United States, the United Kingdom, France, West Germany, Italy, Canada, Russia and Japan

468. Gambia Dalasi

Currency of the Gambia represented with symbol D.

469. Gann Fan

A technical tool used for understanding the financial market dynamics and is based on idea
that market patterns are geometric and cyclical in nature.

470. Gann Grid

The trend lines under this tool are drawn at angle of 45 degree; this is used for forecasting
the patterns in financial markets.

471. Gap

Difference between asset and liability.

472. Gas

A traded commodity in stocks.

473. Gas price

The price at which shares of this commodity are being traded in international market.

474. Gearing

Ratio of a company's debt relative to its equity.

475. Genesis Block

Also named, as Block 0, is the very first block of the blockchain.

476. Georgia Lari

Currency of Georgia represented by symbol GEL, ლ.

477. German PMI Manufacturing

The German Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) estimates the level of activity
carried out by the managers regarding buying decision in this sector.

478. Germany 30

An index that tracks the 30 largest companies being traded on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange
(FWB) in Germany.
479. Ghana Cedis

Ghanaian cedi is the unit of currency of Ghana, represented by symbol GH¢, GH₵.

480. Gibraltar Pounds

Currency of Gibraltar represented by symbol £.

481. Glenn Stevens

482. Globalization
483. Going Long

In finance, going long means buying an asset and holding it for longer period.

484. Gold

Precious and most favourable commodity for hedging against inflation

485. Good ’til cancelled order

A unique kind of order that expires only if the traders cancels it by himself. Otherwise, it
usually stays for 90 days.

486. Governing Council

Main decision-making body of European Central Bank.

487. GPU Mining

Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) mining is being carried out to meet the demands of
cryptocurrency, as it is more in demand than ever. Bitcoin, Ethereum, Monero and many
other currencies are being traded through it.

488. Graeme Wheeler

Governor of the Reserve Bank of New Zealand from 2012 to September 2017

489. Gravestone Doji

Gravestone Doji represents a bearish pattern. It usually indicates for a reversal signal that is
followed by a downtrend in the security’s price.

490. Greece

A country in south Eastern Europe with currency Euro.

491. Grexit
Grexit implies for "Greek exit,” It denotes about the potential of Greece if it leaves the
eurozone and later on reintroduce ‘drachma’ as its primary currency.

492. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Summation of Consumption, Investment, Govt. Expenditures and Net Exports. It is a

commonly used measure of national economic growth.

493. Gross National Product (GNP)

It is equal to the value of a country's GDP plus income earned by the nationals in foreign
investments, minus the income earned inside the country by foreign nationals.

494. Guatemala Quetzals

Currency of Guatemala represented with symbol Q.

495. Guernsey Pounds

Currency of Guernsey represented with symbol £.

496. Guinea Francs
Currency of Guinea represented with symbol FG, Fr, GFr.    
497. Gunning
When investors are moving for the trigger, termed as stop losses or other technical levels
while trading in security, it is called Gunning.
498. Guyana Dollars
It has been the unit of account in Guyana since 29 January 1839 and is shown by symbol $,
G$, GY$
499. GWei
A denomination of the cryptocurrency ether (ETH).
500. Haitian Gourdes
The currency of Haiti represented with symbol G.  
501. Halving
When the reward for mining bitcoin is reduced to half.
502.  Hammer
A technical indicator, which form when the price of any stock falls significantly below than
its opening price.
503.  Handle
In FX market, handle indicates a price quotation, which appears in bid as well as offer.
504. Hanging Man

Hanging Man pattern indicates a bearish candlestick pattern. This pattern is formed at the
end of an upward trend and notifies about the following downtrend.
505. Harami

An indicator, in technical analysis, for forecasting the reversal in existing trend.

506. Harami Cross

A small Doji candlestick follows a Japanese candlestick pattern in which the large candlestick
keep on following the trend and later.

507. Hard Cap

The maximum number of shares or currency units that can be sold.

508. Hard Fork

Hard Fork signals an unstable time in cryptocurrency. In Hard Fork, a single currency splits
into two.

509. Hardware Wallet

Where a consumer’s private key that provides information about the funds of individual is
stored in offline form on a secure hardware device, in cryptocurrency management, it is
called Hardware Wallet.

510. Hash Function

Hash function develops complex mathematical algorithms, for the sake of converting data
of random length to data of fixed length.

511. Hash Per Second

It implies how many calculations were performed in a second.

512. Hash Rate

Hash rate tell about the speed of mining, which is estimated in units of hash per second.

513. Hawk

Anyone who favours tight monetary policy such as high interest rate and low printing of
new money.

514. Head and Shoulders

A situation in which the price of a security touches its peak and diverge back to its base
value, this price movement pattern is called Head and shoulder.

515. Hedge
Strategies aiming at minimizing the risk of investment is called hedging.

516. Hedge Fund

This fund is a pooled investment fund that invests in relatively liquid assets with an
objective of ensuring greater risk management. This funds usually trades in short selling,
leverage, and derivatives

517. Heikin Ashi

This term is interpreted as "average bar" in Japanese. This technique can be employed in
combination with candlestick graphs for taking trading decision and forecasting the future
prices.

518. Henry Paulson

The 74th Secretary of the U.S. Treasury, served under President George W. Bush between
July 2006 and January 2009

519. High-Frequency Trading (HFT)

A kind of financial trading based on algorithms, categorised by high speeds, turnovers,

frequency and bigger order-to-trade ratios advantages.

520. High-Quality Liquid Assets (HQLA)

The ease with which an asset can be converted into cash without any significant loss of
value

521. Historical Volatility (HV)

A statistical measure for analysing the level of spread of price for a particular stock during a
particular time is called HV.

522. Hit the Bid

A situation when the minimum price at which seller is willing to sell a security is equivalent
to the maximum price at which a buyer is willing to buy the security.

523. HODL

This term is derived from misspelled version of ‘Hold’. This is strategy for buying and holding
the currencies in crypto market such as Bitcoin and Ethereum.

524. Hold Time

The time for which an investor hold any security is called hold time.
525. Holder

Any person who holds any financial product i.e. owner of one or more stocks is called
holder.

526. Home Loans – Australia

The loans that are provided by banks or govt. to public for sake of building or buying a home
or flat.

527. Honduras Lempiras

Honduran lempira (HNL) is the official currency of the Republic of Honduras, represented by
symbol L.

528. Hong Kong Dollars

HKD is the abbreviation for the Hong Kong dollar, the official currency of Hong Kong

529. Horizontal Channel

Trendlines joining the pivot highs and lows of any security. These Trendlines reflect the
price level that stays within the upper line of resistance and lower line of support.

530. Hosted Wallet

When currency is kept in account of third party. In other words, it is a digital account that is
hosted by a third party.

531. Hot Potato Trading

When a currency inventory imbalances are quickly passed it is called as Hot potato trading.
This usually happened due to external shock that influences the demand and supply of
currencies in the inter-dealer market.

532. Hot Storage

Hot storage is similar to hot wallet, which provides online accessibility and is connected to
internet.

533. Hot Wallet

A wallet that is connected to internet and thus is accessible online. Due to this feature, it
supports the transactions between end user and owner of the account.

534. Housing Starts

This employs the measurement of total number of new houses or residential units
constructed during a specific month.

535. Hungarian Forint

National currency of Hungry shown with symbol Ft.

536. Hybrid Wallet

A combination of web wallet and software wallet is called hybrid wallet. This wallet
employed for cryptocurrency management and storage.