CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGORUND

INTRODUCTION

The first-ever case of coronavirus recorded in the Philippines was a 38-

year-old, female Chinese national from Wuhan, China. It was confirmed positive

by the DOH last January 21, 2020. The disease is spread through small droplets

from the nose or mouth when infected people cough, sneeze or talk. Everything

changed when the pandemic landed in the universe, people are waking up to a

new reality. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the first human

case reported by the officials in Wuhan City, China, was last December 2019.

The Chinese authority’s investigations reported human cases with the inception

of symptoms in early December 2019. In early January, SARS-CoV-2 was

identified and its genetic sequence was publicly shared on January 11 to 12.

Since then, the complete genetic sequence of SARS-CoV-2 from early human

cases and the genomes of several other viruses isolated from human cases from

China and around the world have shown that SARS-CoV-2 in bat populations

has an ecological basis. All available proof for COVID-19 suggests that SARS-

CoV-2 has a zoonotic source because it is usually limited close contact between

humans and bats, the transmission of the virus to humans by other animal

species is more likely. That which is more likely to be dealt with by humans.

Covid-19 is zoonotic introductions of SARS-CoV-2 into the human population.

WHO continues to work with experts in animal health and human health, Member

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States, and other partners to identify gaps and research priorities for COVID-19

regulation, including the potential identification of gaps and research priorities of

the root of China’s virus. Also according to WHO, around 80% of patients

undergo and recover from just moderate illness. While, about 14% develop

extreme symptoms, and 5% become seriously ill. The Philippine Government

declared a community quarantine for metro manila from March 15, 2020, until

April 14, 2020, and was made even more rigorous by extending the quarantine to

the whole island of Luzon. The quarantine consisted of social distancing, the

prohibition of mass gatherings, the prohibition of public events, suspension of

classes, temporary closure of businesses, and suspension of all public

transportation. People with symptoms must undergo a swab test and also the

travelers, five days after arrival, all arriving travelers must undergo a COVID-19

swab test and must complete a 14-day quarantine even though they test

negative for the virus. According to CNN PHILIPPINES, last August 2, the

Philippines reported its first 100,000 cases, which doubled after three weeks, and

between January 30 and September, more than 300,000 people caught the virus.

And now The Philippines is one of the countries that has the most number of

confirmed cases in Southeast Asia.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The pandemic COVID-19 has a huge impact on the residents of San Juan

Kalayaan Laguna, some stores have closed due to fear of being infected by other

consumers, this is one of the big problems of Barangay San Juan since the

beginning of enhanced community quarantine, some tourist spots we're forced to

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close because it was dangerous to be associated with other people. It is said that

everyone will not leave the house unless there is a health emergency and only

one person in a family will leave to avoid more people interacting. One of the

worst problems that Barangay San Juan experienced is the unemployment of the

people that resulted in poverty, prices went up and the people's savings went

down, transportation is also out of service which makes it difficult to travel for

people who are not with their family such as nurse and doctors.

Kalayaan is one of the provinces of Laguna, officially known as the

Municipality of Kalayaan. It is a 3rd class municipality in Laguna. Kalayaan is in

the fourth district of the province of Laguna and can be attained three hours by

land from Manila. It is the home of nearly 24,214 citizenries. It has 3 different

barangay’s Longos, San Juan, and San Antonio. The municipality is home to a

hydroelectric power plant, the only pumped storage facility in the Philippines, the

Kalayaan Pumped Storage Power Plant located in Brgy. San Juan. The marker

that is posted in the municipal building of Kalayaan means “On this site grew a

coconut tree with three branches interpreted by our ancestors as the future site

of our municipal building; three branches being San Juan, Longos and San

Antonio”. It seems that the place is still made up of the three original visitas of

Babaye (now Longos), Abaco (now San Juan), and San Pablo (now San

Antonio). They said that these names are from the Spaniards who came and

found people living in that place. From then on, a part of San Juan became the

Poblacion, while Longos, San Antonio, and the rest of San Juan became its

barangays.

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 The complete genetic sequence of SARS-CoV-2 from early human cases

and the genomes of several other viruses isolated from human cases from China

and around the world have shown that SARS-CoV-2 in bat populations has an

ecological basis. Covid-19 Pandemic had a huge impact on the tourism industry

of Barangay San Juan. Particularly to the businesses like restaurants, cafes, and

food stalls, such as Mamagayo, one of the famous food stalls in the Baranggay

San Juan, which had been shut down or closed due to the enhanced community

quarantine. There are also resorts in San Juan that have undergone temporary

closure due to the pandemic, like Gintong Manok, Villa Monte Gracia Resort,

especially Twin Falls, the most visited tourist spot in San Juan. Twin Falls is one

of the sources of income of Barangay San Juan, before the pandemic, it was

earning more than 3 million, and due to Covid-19, no income has entered the

Baranggay since the temporary closure of the said resort. The impact of the

pandemic on barangay San Juan has already been felt by the families of those

18 employees who lost their jobs.

The researchers want to discover the impacts of Covid-19 in the

tourism industry of Barangay San Juan, Kalayaan Laguna. In case of this

pandemic, many resorts and businesses are affected by covid-19 by being not

able to open, their income was affected to the point that the employees tend to

stop or lost their job by lack of tourists or costumers. Transportation, one of the

most important to the flow of tourists are currently critical, programs and activities

are prohibited or cancelled for the safety of everyone to avoid transmission of the

virus. As we focus on how the Covid-19 affects tourism in Brgy. San Juan, we

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look and aim to the one who is greatly affected by it like employees in resorts,

business owners, jeepney or tricycle drivers, the financials of the Municipal of

San Juan and the flow of the tourist that is entering the barangay. Comparing

before and the time that the pandemic is happening will give the information how

deeply affects the tourism of San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The researchers attempt to find the effects of Covid-19 pandemic to the

tourism industry of Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna. More specifically, it seeks

to find answers to the following questions:

1. What are the impacts of COVID-19 in tourism industry of Brgy. San Juan in

Kalayaan, Laguna in terms of:

1.1 Livelihood

1.2 LGU Programs

1.3 Financial support

1.4 Services and Amenities

1.5 Profitability

2. What are the programs and promotional strategies of Brgy. San Juan

Kalayaan Laguna to give solution to the effects of the pandemic:

2.1 Clean-Up Drive

2.2 Financial Support

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2.3 LGU Programs

2.4 Livelihood Programs

2.5 Service and Amenities

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

In this part of the chapter the research pattern of the study presented

which the variables are included.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

1.1 Livelihood

1.2 LGU Programs

1.3 Financial support The Effects of COVID-19

1.4 Services and Amenities Pandemic to the Tourism Industry

of Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan,
1.5 Profitability
Laguna
1.6 Clean-Up Drive
Frame 1 Frame 2

The Independent Variables contains the Impacts of the Covid-19

Pandemic in Barangay San Juan Kalayaan, Laguna.

The Dependent Variables contains out title which is The Effects of

COVID-19 Pandemic to the Tourism Industry of Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan,

Laguna.

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SCOPE AND LIMITATION

This study focuses on the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic to the tourism

industry in the selected residents of Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna. There

are twenty (20) residents who are randomly picked that are involved in

completing the study.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This Study Entitled “The Effects of Covid-19 to the Tourism Industry of

Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan Laguna” is being created to benefit the following:

Business Owners. This study could help them to gather more

information and strategies on how to make their businesses more

effective in this time of the pandemic.

Barangay. This study could give them strategies on how to cope and

analyze in this time of the pandemic.

Community. This research will benefit the community of Kalayaan

Laguna, since the researchers focuses on the effects of COVID-19

that will help the community to cope up with the effects of the COVID-

19 Pandemic.

Future Researcher. This study will help them to gather important

information easily that will help them and support their own study

especially if they're aiming to know how vastly covid-19 affects Brgy.

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San Juan.

Health Care Workers. This study could give additional information to

the health workers on how they are going to treat and handle

patients during this time of pandemic. They ensure the safety of every

people in Brgy. San Juan and health care workers also make the

people healthy.

Municipal Government. This study will help them to evaluate and

gather information. This can help them to create a clear view that

meet the needs of the inhabitant.

Residents. This study could give information to the residents of Brgy.

San Juan about the effects of the pandemic to their health and

livelihood.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

In this part of the chapter the terms used in the study are presented.

COVID-19. It is a virus that became a pandemic. Has affected the tourism

industry of Brgy. San Juan.

Lockdown. It is a policy that is strictly prohibited for the people to stay where

they live or to stay at home. One of the effects of COVID-19 pandemic.

Pandemic. An epidemic of an infectious disease. A crisis that currently facing by

the whole world.

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San Juan. A barangay in which located at Kalayaan Laguna. The main barangay

of Kalayaan.

Tourism. Is one of the sectors that is negatively affected by the Covid-19

pandemic. It impact economies, livelihoods, public services and opportunities on

all continents. Slowed down due to the effect of pandemic.

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 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

A review of literature is a classification and evaluation of what accredited

student researchers write on their topic. It will be the guide to the researcher's

concept research such as their objectives, issues, and problems. In this written

work, they will learn to appreciate their work and as well as understanding others'

work. The purpose of this review-related literature is to gain knowledge and

understanding of the existing research and to debates the relevant particular

topic or area of the study and present that knowledge in the form of written

reports. A literature review is a "comprehensive study and interpretation of

literature that addresses a specific topic" (Aveyard, 2010).

As Kennedy (2007) stated that, it is important to think of knowledge in a

given field as consisting of three layers. First, there are the primary studies that

researchers conduct and publish. Second are the reviews of those studies that

summarize and offer new interpretations built from and often extending beyond

the original studies. Third, there are the perceptions, conclusions, opinion, and

interpretations that are shared informally that become part of the lore of field. In

composing a literature review, it is important to note that it is often this third layer

of knowledge that is cited as "true" even though it often has only a loose

relationship to the primary studies and secondary literature reviews.

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The studies collected and reviewed are presented under the following headings:

1.) Studies on Clean Up Drive

2.) Studies on Financial Support

3.) Studies on LGU Programs

4.) Studies on Livelihood

5.) Studies on Profitability

6.) Studies on Service and Amenities

RELATED LITERATURE ON CLEAN UP DRIVE

As per Castillo (2017), environmental sustainability helps prevent

global warming and climate change. One example of environmental sustainability

is simply through cleaning. Cleanliness in the environment contributes a lot in

maintaining a clean and green surrounding. It is simple yet a helpful way of

improving a healthy environment. As part of the scheduled activities of Children

and Youth Development Program for SY 2017-2018, the beneficiaries of Open

Heart Foundation Worldwide Inc. conducted a Clean-Up Drive in Barangay West

Fairview, Quezon City last April 9, 2017. The objective of the activity is to bring

the beneficiaries together, to work together for a common good which is to

promote cleanliness and be active in the community where we are residing. The

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activity was attended by five OHF beneficiaries in Quezon City and assisted by

Ms. Saleah, an Open Heart Foundation area coordinator in-charge of QC

beneficiaries. Right after the activity, we, the beneficiaries donated cleaning

materials like broomsticks and dust pans to the Barangay to be used by their

cleaning department. Helping is not a privilege, it is an obligation. Therefore, as

youth of today, we are obliged to take care of the provisions God has given us.

We are grateful that in our own little way, we could be of help in improving our

environment. Thank you also to Open Heart Foundation for teaching us and

helping us making a difference.

According to Scible (2015), shared his thoughts and experience about

the impact of clean up drive in their community. Having a clean, up-kept

neighborhood benefits all members of the community. With the summer weather

upon is, we are spending more time outdoors enjoying our natural surroundings.

Unfortunately, some areas are in need of some TLC and cleanup. Tidying up

your neighborhood can have a big impact on the community, as well as the

environment. Besides being an eyesore, litter can disrupt the ecosystem of your

environment because it can attract many different insects and rodents and can

carry diseases. This can become harmful to animals or children, who might pick

up dirty trash, step on it, or even ingest it. This trash — especially cigarette butts

and flammable materials — can also start fires.

Food waste can pollute area waterways and harm wildlife, as well as

make our water unsafe to drink. Litter can be found on our roadways, in our

yards, and in common areas such as parks and schools, as well as in local

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natural areas such as woods or streams. It might seem a bit overwhelming to

tackle the litter problem in your neighborhood alone, but even small efforts can

lead to an improvement in your local environment. Getting your community

involved in a neighborhood cleanup can be a great way to create an awareness

in your area and can lay the groundwork for future waste-reducing efforts. A

cleanup can also bring about a sense of community and responsibility to keep

our homes and common areas safe and clean. Visible results might lead to a

heightened interest and involvement among community members in reducing

garbage and food waste and preserving the environment.

Wiley et. al, (2021), stated that many community cleanup activities have

a social benefit, too. There’s no shortage of green community projects aimed at

protecting nature, whether it’s wildlife or wild places. You can clear and maintain

hiking trails in parks, count birds for wildlife inventories, plant trees, and so much

more. Where there are rivers and canals, areas of common land, pathways, and

parks, there are clean-up projects. Waterways in particular seem to be magnets

for plastic bags and other trash, but vacant lots and public lands can become

dumping grounds, too. Cleaning these areas up has many benefits: You’re

protecting animals, fish, birds, and plant life from the risks that the trash brings,

and you’re also sending a message to other people that someone cares about

this piece of water or land that it’s not a place to dump their unwanted items. If

you find a piece of land or water that needs some tender loving care, ask your

local municipality, county, or conservation groups what plans they have for

cleaning it up. If no plans exist, come up with some of your own. You’re out with

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your community, finding like-minded people and possibly making great friends.

That’s why projects such as these are excellent for everyone, families, single

people, and groups of friends or coworkers.

According to Perez and Cabrera (2013), the continuous

deterioration of the environment due to insurmountable volume of garbage has

brought enough challenge to policy makers, locally and internationally. They

have come up with different interventions and methods to alleviate this problem.

Information drive, introduction of alternative practices, implementation of e-code,

these are just some of those ways. Despite these efforts, there are still

underlying problems unanswered and uncontrolled.

The presence of garbage of miscellaneous composition in coastal areas is

an indicator that the campaign on garbage management has not yet been fully

successful. The researchers embarked on this topic in order to gather insights

about the ongoing Coastal Clean-up project which will serve as basis for its

improvement. Coastal Clean Ups show that volunteerism activity when properly

managed could play a vital role in addressing environmental issues, pollution

prevention and human development in general (PIA, 2008).

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the program as perceived

by the beneficiaries and proponents; determine the impact of the program to the

beneficiaries and proponents in terms of knowledge, skill and values; and

propose measures to enhance the community extension program of LIMA.

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 This study will prove beneficial to the school administrator wherein this

will provide them feedback about the relevance and effectiveness of the

Community Extension program of LIMA for future enhancement; to the

Community Extension proponents of LIMA wherein this will offer suggestions on

how to better implement the Coastal and Community Cleaning project, it being

the pet project for community extension.

Glinn (2016) said that, A neighborhood cleanup program can instill

neighborhood pride. A neighborhood that looks good, that's free of trash and

clutter, and that allows children to play without fear of being injured by debris or

contracting parasites or diseases from rotting waste is one that residents and

businesses can be proud of. If they've made the neighborhood that way, they can

take pride in themselves and their abilities as well. Furthermore, a cleanup

encourages residents to take ownership of the neighborhood and keep it clean

and healthy. It can break a cycle of hopelessness and helplessness. In

neighborhoods where income is low, crime is a daily concern, and unemployment

is common, residents can lose hope if they see no way to change their situation.

Once neighborhood volunteers and other residents see how much can be

accomplished, even in half a day, with many hands and a minimal level of

organization, they may also see that they can address other issues, both in the

neighborhood and in their own lives. Children and youth particularly may change

their expectations of what's possible as a result of involvement in such an effort.

It gives everyone a chance to contribute. No resident is too old, too young,

or too physically disabled to help or participate in some way. Children can sweep

15
and pick up litter; frail elders can prepare or distribute food and drink to those

doing physical labor. People who are housebound can make phone calls to

inform residents of the cleanup and recruit volunteers, or negotiate with the

municipality for assistance. No one has to feel left out, and the more volunteers

there are, the more they can accomplish. A cleanup program enhances

neighborhood quality of life. Living in a clean environment makes life healthier,

less stressful, and more pleasant.

RELATED LITERATURE ON FINANCIAL SUPPORT

As per Alderton (2021), on 7 of April, we launched our Summary of

European Governments Financial Support, to provide a quick and easy guide to

what support is available to businesses. Please view our updated version of the

guide, with additional content for a number of key Middle East countries.

Throughout Europe and the Middle East, governments have sought to support

businesses in financial distress due to COVID-19 in three ways – by giving them

money, by lending them money and by relieving them of their bills and financial

commitments. European governments are doing a mix of all three. Our guide

provides a summary of the government financial support available in key

European and Middle East countries, covering all financial support packages,

from loan schemes and financing facilities, employee support, insurance and tax,

through to assistance available for the self-employed. We clearly set out the

types and level of funding available, eligibility, how to apply and how to access. If

you require support to navigate your business through the myriad of global

financial stimulus packages or any of your financial health concerns, whether

16
included or not in our guide, please contact one of the key contacts below or one

of the key contacts in your jurisdiction detailed in this guide.

Lee (2020), the Philippine government has set aside funds to battle

the coronavirus outbreak until the end of May and has "a lot of headroom" to

spend more if needed, the country's Secretary of Finance Carlos Dominguez said

on Wednesday. The Philippines is the second worst-hit country in Southeast

Asia, behind only Malaysia. It has reported 3,764 cases of the coronavirus

disease and 177 deaths so far, data compiled by Johns Hopkins University

showed. The government has planned around $23 billion in funding — or around

5% to 6% of its gross domestic product — for health-care and economic efforts,

Dominguez told CNBC's "Street Signs Asia." He added that the Philippines is

planning for a "bounce back" stimulus package to lift the economy out of the

damage caused by the pandemic. "Our original funding was really for two

months, that is April and May. While we were not sure how long (COVID-19) will

last, we think that conservative estimates would be until around the end of May,

so we are ready until the end of May.

Zhang et al. (2020), in China, various ministerial level regulatory

authorities have promulgated a package of financial policies to ease the financial

distress of enterprises caused by the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pandemic

("COVID-19") since January 2020. The financial policies include providing loans

with preferential conditions through financial institutions to certain frontline

companies, reducing the costs of financing guarantee services, postponing the

repayment of loans, optimizing corporate bond issuance procedures and

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facilitating cross-border financing, which are generally available to eligible

companies regardless of whether they are controlled by PRC or foreign

shareholders. Among these financial policies, the Department of Finance

("MOF") also released industry-specific policies jointly with the Civil Aeronautics

Administration of China ("CAAC"), to provide financial support to airlines during

the COVID-19 outbreak. None of these financial policies restricts eligible

companies on authorizing profit sharing plans, such as dividends distribution.

According to Johnson (2020), to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19

pandemic, countries worldwide are working to provide people, particularly low-

income and vulnerable individuals, with financial aid. Financial aid delivery relies

on social protection and payments systems and the extent to which these are

already in place and functioning effectively. This Briefing addresses how donors

and their partners can design and implement social assistance payments that are

efficient and secure while providing recipients with reliable, convenient, and safe

access to their payments. Although it focuses on short- to medium-term

response, this Briefing also considers the importance of the longer-term

development objectives of building more resilient and responsive digital

payments systems.

As per Zhang (2021), The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has allocated

$25 million to help the Philippine government purchase vaccines for the

coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in 2021. The financing will come from the $125

million Health System Enhancement to Address and Limit COVID-19 project,

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which ADB approved on 24 August 2020. It will allow the Philippine government

to pay vaccine manufacturers in advance to secure the delivery of vaccines to its

citizens. The country has reported more than 500,000 COVID-19 cases.

RELATED LITERATURE ON LGU PROGRAMS

LGU stated that nowadays are having trouble dealing with the

pandemic especially when their actions are minimal because of COVID-19 it is

very difficult for them to handle every program that will be conducted or happen.

They can be short or out of financial support, they can weaken mentally and

physically. But every LGU has its strategies on how to deal with the pandemic.

According to De Villa (2020), mayors in Metro Manila were quick to

respond to the call as most of the confirmed cases, as of Thursday, reside in the

capital region, specifically in the cities of Pasig, Marikina, Quezon City, San Juan,

Manila and Makati. Task forces were created by city mayors in February to

promote awareness of the coronavirus, in response to a directive of the

Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG).

Mayor Francisco “Isko Moreno” Domagoso also bared quite an

extensive, well-thought-out plan to counter the impact of COVID-19 on the

Philippine capital. It included having adequate stock of canned goods, bottled

water and rice, as well as setting aside budget that can be used to feed some

350,000 families for three days, provide vitamins for the elderly, disseminate

accurate and helpful information about COVID-19, and to purchase medicines,

medical equipment, disinfectants and other similar items.

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 Mayor Francis Zamora implemented sanitation and disinfection of the

city hall, the city’s 21 barangays, public and private schools, private businesses

and government offices. Because of the confirmed COVID-19 cases in San Juan

City rose to eight, as of March 12, prompting the city government to continue

case investigation and contact tracing.

President Duterte declared a state of public health emergency

throughout the country after the first local transmission of the new coronavirus

disease was confirmed by health officials. Under Proclamation No. 922, all

government agencies and LGUs are ordered to “render full assistance and

cooperation and mobilize the necessary measures in a timely manner to curtail

and eliminate the COVID-19 threat.” He novel coronavirus was first detected in

December last year in Wuhan, China and has now reached more than 100

countries. The virus has been named SARS-CoV-2 and the disease it causes is

called COVID-19. The World Health Organization has declared COVID-19 a

pandemic.

Moreover, Mabalot (2021), actions are restricted, and work is limited.

Earning a living to survive is difficult for many of our people. Local Government

Units must step in to provide food packs or relief goods to their respective

constituents. The food packs usually contain rice, instant noodles, biscuits,

sardines, or other canned food. Fortunately, some LGUs in Region 9 such as

Zamboanga City, Isabela City, and the Municipality of Kabasalan in Zamboanga

Sibugay promote good nutrition by including fresh vegetables and fish in their

rations. Another LGU distributed vegetable seedlings, while another launched a

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Kadiwa on Wheels where farm products are made readily accessible to their

constituents.

Hon. Katrina Cainglet-Balladares and Luvly Grace Cainglet-Valdez, the

Mayor and Vice-Mayor, respectively, of the Municipality of Kabasalan in

Zamboanga Sibugay, added fresh vegetables and fish to the food packs

distributed in their locality. Kabasalan LGU’s strategy is to buy these from local

farmers and Fisherfolk, which, not only ensures that every household is given

healthy and nutritious food but also improves the income of local farmers and

fisherfolk, during the quarantine.

Also, it’s hard to go to the market and grocery stores during this pandemic

as there is no public transportation going around the locality unless one has a

private vehicle. This drove the LGU of Zamboanga City to launch the Kadiwa on

Wheels which visits and serves the different barangays in the City. The Kadima

on Wheels is a joint project of the DA, BFAR, NFA, and City Agriculture Office of

the LGU of Zamboanga City. It is a container truck filled with fresh farm products

including vegetables, fruits, fresh and dried fish, and fresh-cut flowers from the

local farmers where the constituents can buy from.

Maintaining healthy and good nutrition and boosting one’s immune system

is vital in this time of crisis. The distribution of food packs is a good way to

encourage people to stay at home and prevent the spread of COVID-19, but it is

better to include fresh vegetables to encourage good nutrition. Other LGUs are

21
encouraged to do the same. A strong immune system, good nutrition, and proper

hygiene will help prevent the onset and spread of COVID-19.

Furthermore, Rapler Philippines (2020), Cabinet Secretary Karlo

Nograles said in a virtual press briefing that the Inter-Agency Task Force (IATF)

on Emerging Infectious Diseases arrived at the decision during its meeting on

Friday, April 17, where it issued IATF Resolution No. 25. “The IATF adopts a

national government-enabled, local government unit-led, and people-centered

response to the COVID-19 health event,” said Nograles, the IATF spokesman.

To execute this the IATF directed all government agencies “to recommend

sector-specific plans, strategies, and targets” to the task force and ordered the

National Task Force (NTF) COVID-19 to “develop new operational plans.” “LGUs

are enjoined to pursue regional cooperation in leading the fight against COVID-

19,” the IATF added under Resolution 25.

The IATF adopted the strategy weeks after President Rodrigo Duterte

signed the Bayanihan to Heal as One Act that grants him 30 special powers to

address the coronavirus pandemic, followed by the rollout of the IATF’s National

Action Plan to contain the virus. Even before the IATF announcement, many

LGUs have been proactive in their campaigns against the spread of COVID-19,

taking various initiatives to protect their residents and prepare for a worst-case

scenario.

Moreover Tefft (2020), stated that the current COVID-19 pandemic is

unprecedented. Local governments across the globe are working with agrifood

22
business groups, farmer organizations, civil society networks and communities to

make sure food systems function effectively.

The nature of the pandemic is giving rise to new challenges to food

system actors at every level – disruptions to food supply chains and logistics,

rapid changes in consumer food behavior, more worker safety measures. The

situation calls for stronger public, private and community safety nets to feed the

increasing number of people who have lost jobs or income. Local governments,

in direct contact with communities, also have a critical role to play in adapting

and supporting food systems to conform to COVID-19 health directives while

ensuring the local population’s food security.

Local responses throughout the world point to the increasingly

important role of local government in food system performance. Experiences in

several countries show how leadership and functional relationships with local

actors contribute to proactive and agile responses by local government and

promote innovative action tailored to local contexts. Action taken at provincial,

district/county and municipal levels can help strengthen the governance and

continuity of food systems.

Governors, mayors and local authorities are close to the populations

they serve. They understand their needs. Following school closures in the

Republic of Korea and the country’s innovative Eco-Friendly Free School Meal

Program, numerous governors and mayors took to social media. They worked

with agrifood promotion agencies and collaborated with producer and food

23
company associations to adapt marketing plans or facilitate the direct sale of

surplus supplies of potatoes, fresh fruit, vegetables and fish. In Italy, local

government worked with farmers and food businesses to address housing and

health issues of the migrant workers needed to harvest fruit and vegetables. In

North America and Europe, local government officials have helped food banks,

community kitchens and community-supported agriculture to respond to the huge

demand for their food.

Local private sector food industry groups, producer and informal food

sector associations, civil society organizations and citizen groups are playing

equally prominent roles to ensure supply chains function, workers are protected

and vulnerable populations reached. Residents in apartment blocks in China and

Italy use group chat apps for joint food purchases and spaced delivery to

household doorsteps. China’s “love cabbage” campaign – in which Chinese

“netizens” sent cabbages to Wuhan – used such a system.

Furthermore Department of Finance (2020) stated that, the vital

role of local government units (LGUs) in the difficult task of rebuilding the

pandemic-battered economy as he encouraged elective executives to make the

best use of resources readily available to them to bankroll their recovery

programs and help revive enterprises in their localities hardest hit by the global

crisis.

Republic Act (RA) No. 11494 or the Bayanihan To Recover As One

Act (Bayanihan 2) as well as innovative solutions provided by government

24
financial institutions (GFIs) can help local economies recover quickly from the

COVID-19 crisis, Dominguez said.

On behalf of the national government, Dominguez thanked the local

chief executives who performed beyond expectations to be able to deliver

emergency assistance to marginalized communities and enforce quarantine

measures to help curb the spread of COVID-19.

“The local governments did not fail us. We were all unprepared to

undertake new and heightened responsibilities in our COVID-19 response efforts.

Despite this harsh reality, many LGUs performed beyond expectations. The

effects of this pandemic would have been more severe had our local

governments and health system not stood resilient. The national government is

grateful for all your efforts,” Dominguez said during the webinar hosted by the

Bureau of Local Government Finance (BLGF) to mark its 33rd founding

anniversary.

Local chief executives led by Union of Local Authorities of the

Philippines (ULAP) president and Quirino Governor Dakila Carlo Cua attended

the online event.

Dominguez said that among the credit lines under Bayanihan 2 that

local governments can access for their respective economic recovery programs

are the P1 billion allocation each to the Land Bank of the Philippines (LandBank)

and the Development Bank of the Philippines (DBP) for the interest subsidies on

new and existing loans secured by LGUs.

25
 Additional capital has also been infused into these government banks

under Bayanihan 2 to provide wholesale financing to rural banks and

microfinance institutions so that they can expand lending to small enterprises, he

added.

Aside from these, the local governments can also access loans from the

Municipal Development Fund Office (MDFO), which will be transformed into a

more effective and efficient LGU lending intermediary, Dominguez said.

Dominguez also suggested the innovative measure of getting the local

governments to enter into an agreement with the Philippine Guarantee Corp.

(PhilGuarantee) to secure the loans extended to pandemic-hit sectors in their

respective localities as a way to maximize the use of the LGUs’ available funds.

He said that on the part of the Department of Finance (DOF), the BLGF

has already sped up the process of issuing the certificates on net debt service

ceiling and borrowing capacity to the LGUs through electronic processing to

make it a lot easier for LGUs to obtain loans. The DOF, through the BLGF, has

also been conducting training programs to raise the competencies of LGU

treasurers, Dominguez said.

“The devolution of services to LGUs highlights the direct contributions of

local government finance toward mobilizing resources, bridging financing gaps,

and investing for local economic development. The DOF stands ready to help

LGUs become better equipped to perform these fiscal functions,” Dominguez

said.

26
 He commended the BLGF under Executive Director Niño Raymond

Alvina for its hard work in continuously improving local fiscal management and

empowering LGUs by, among others, building the financial literacy and revenue

generating capabilities of local governments.

Dominguez pointed out that at both national and local levels, the

government needs to optimize its revenue generation powers and improve tax

administration. To achieve this goal, he urged LGUs to adopt digital technologies,

which will also translate into a more responsive governance and the efficient

delivery of frontline services.

“The LGUs are vital in the difficult task of rebuilding our economy. Closer

to the ground, they are best positioned to help revive our enterprises hardest hit

by the pandemic. They can help pump prime the national economy through local

public investments,” Dominguez said. He also called on LGUs to signify to the

Congress the urgency of enacting the 2021 national budget, the proposed

Corporate Recovery and Tax Incentives for Enterprises Act (CREATE), the

Financial Institutions Strategic Transfer (FIST) Act, and the Government

Financial Institutions Unified Initiatives to Distressed Enterprises for Economic

Recovery (GUIDE) Act within the year.

Dominguez said these priority legislative measures will help the economy

and businesses recover from the pandemic by lowering the corporate income tax

rate and enhancing the flexibility of the fiscal incentives system; allowing banks

to dispose of non-performing loans and assets through asset management

27
companies so that they can lend more to micro, small and medium enterprises

(MSMEs); and enabling government banks to form a special holding company to

support strategically important companies facing solvency issues.

“Be assured that the national government will continue to work with local

governments to keep their constituents healthy and their local economies

functioning and growing,” Dominguez said.

RELATED LITERATURE ON LIVELIHOOD

According to Avalos and Acosta (2018), the Philippines Department of

Social Welfare and Development has taken the lead in providing opportunities for

income generating activities/livelihood development through the implementation

of the Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP) since 2011, with the objective to

reduce poverty and inequality by generating employment among poor

households and by moving highly vulnerable households into sustainable

livelihoods and toward economic stability. This note describes the design and

core processes of the SLP and reflects on the opportunities that the program has

to improve and complement other Social Protection programs to make an impact

on households? Welfare, and provides recommendations to maximize its impact.

According to Pomeroy, Pedrajas and Ferrer. (2017), over the last 30

years, a range of different livelihoods have been provided and implemented in

fishing and coastal communities in the Philippine with mixed success and

sustainability by the fisher and household. This paper reports on an analysis of

28
livelihood projects for fishing communities and households implemented in the

Philippines and the identification of lessons learned and factors which can lead to

an improved success and sustainability rate for livelihood projects and programs.

The analysis identified primary factors that are critical to improving the success

and sustainability rate of livelihood interventions.

As per Tañedo (2014), the Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP) is a

community-based program which provides capacity building to improve the

program participants’ socioeconomic status. As a component of the Convergence

Strategy, the program aims to serve the beneficiaries of the Pantawid Pamilya,

hoping to sustain and expand beyond the five-year intervention the

socioeconomic benefits gained. This study aimed to identify the perceived

challenges and opportunities of DSWD-SLP region IV-A SEA-K Organizations

such as formulating, enhancing, and sustaining livelihood activities and

community-based microenterprises. This study used triangulation method, a

combination of Qualitative (Phenomenological) and Quantitative (Descriptive)

approaches. The research findings revealed that the most prevalent types or

nature of livelihood activities in CALABARZON compose of Trade and

Commerce, Food Processing, and Cottage Industries as evidenced by the

individual surveys conducted per province. On the other hand, the least prevalent

livelihood activities include Fishing/Marine Life, Crops, Manufacturing, and

Businesses otherwise specified as manifested in the individual surveys

conducted per region. Based on the personal interviews conducted, an

Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was done to come up with

29
common themes. These themes regard to the SEAK members’ perception on

challenges and opportunities in sustaining a community-based business

enterprise.

According to Corpus,Magno et al. (2017), the Sustainable Livelihood

Program (SLP) implementation processes based on recent policy enhancements

and to determine additional dimensions or indicators of program success. The

analysis is based on focus group discussions and key informant interviews, and a

survey of a small sample of beneficiaries. Majority of those served by the

program have expressed positive results from the SLP intervention particularly

when it comes to the skills training. There is a felt improvement in the standard of

living experienced from additional household income, business expansion, and a

stable source of employment.

Other dimensions of success include increased motivation to be

productive; better links to employment or that the program provided a form of

social protection. However, beneficiary targeting is poor with parent leaders, their

friends and relatives capturing most of the benefits.

According to Mones (2020), the Department of Labor and Employment

(DOLE) implements the DOLE Integrated Livelihood Program (DILP) Kabuhayan

Program. DILP specifically seeks to assist vulnerable workers such as the self-

employed, landless farmers, unpaid family workers, displaced workers, parents

of child laborers and low-wage seasonal workers. Selected beneficiaries are

provided with livelihood opportunities, as well as training support, to help them

30
augment their incomes and consequently reduce their vulnerability. Although

regular monitoring is done in terms of output, not much is known as to whether

the DILP has achieved its intended outcomes. This study therefore seeks to

make an important contribution to DOLE’s understanding of how livelihood

projects are shaped, sustained or constrained.

A solid grasp of these factors would later assist DOLE in determining

which outcomes to measure in order to evaluate the responsiveness and

sustainability of livelihood projects.

RELATED LITERATURE ON PROFITABILITY

Jaworski et. Al. (2020), furthermore, while some businesses are

struggling, some businesses are thriving. This is true for a number of Internet-

based businesses, such as those related to online entertainment, food delivery,

online shopping, online education, and solutions for remote work. People have

also changed their consumption patterns, increasing the demand for takeout,

snacks, and alcohol as well as cleaning products as we spend more time in our

homes. Other industries that are doing well are those related to healthcare and

medication as well as herbs and vitamins. Typically, when studying markets, it is

assumed that they are static, a natural conclusion since they tend to change

slowly. However, if there is one thing the COVID-19 outbreak has shown us, it is

that markets are dynamic.

However Rapoza (2020), according to this study, airlines cut their

workforce by 90%, and tourism destinations are likely to see no profits in 2020.

31
Furthermore, expos, conferences, sporting events, and other large gatherings as

well as cultural establishments such as galleries and museums have been

abruptly called off. Consulting in general and personal services, like hairdressers,

gyms, and taxis, have also come to a standstill due to lockdowns. Finally,

important industries like the car, truck, and electronics industries have abruptly

closed (although they started to open up two months after their closure).

As per Tucker (2020), additionally stated here that the COVID-19

outbreak is likely to cause bankruptcy for many well-known brands in many

industries as consumers stay at home and economies are shut down.

Furthermore Segal and Gerstel (2020), stated that the COVID-19

pandemic has also had significant economic consequences globally. In

particular, the world economy faces a negative supply stock because of the

pandemic, which has forced factories to keep shutting down, thereby disrupting

the global network of supply chains. The Organization for Economic Co-operation

and Development (OECR, 2020) has predicted the most substantial downward

growth in South Korea, Australia, and Japan. More generally, because of COVID-

19, people have been advised to maintain “social distancing” with severe effects

on the business of tourism and travel-related industries. For example, the

International Air Transport Association estimates that the pandemic has cost

global air carriers between $63 billion and $113 billion in revenue in 2020 alone.

As per Asmelash and Cooper (2020), in the US, famous

companies such as Sears, JCPenney, Neiman Marcus, Hertz, and J. Crew are

32
under enormous financial pressure. The travel industry is deeply affected; 80% of

hotel rooms are empty.

RELATED STUDIES ON CLEAN-UP DRIVE

As per Rice et al. (2020), the coronavirus disease 2019

(COVID-19) pandemic forced the world’s population to alter daily routines,

including exercise habits. This unusual situation has physical, psychological, and

behavioral consequences to all individuals, including elite and recreational

athletes. Life in lockdown has been difficult because everyone has to stay safe

and healthy, while at the same time abiding by new norms. Currently, mitigation

strategies have been widely implemented to contain the spread of COVID-19.

These measures include lockdown, social distancing, personal protective

measures, and environmental and surface cleaning. Furthermore, the practice of

physically active lifestyles is recommended to counteract health and mental

consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. While sedentary behavior certainly

has no effect on the immunity, exercising in moderation is associated with

improved immune competency and a reduced risk of illness. Overtraining and

high-intensity exercise induce transient immune dysfunction and are associated

with a greater risk of illness, including upper respiratory tract infections, but this

may not apply to elite sportsmen [3, 4].

Post-exercise immune depression, especially after a

strenuous training, may be explained by an impaired cell-mediated immunity [5].

Various modalities, such as soccer, football, and triathlons, are considered high-

33
intensity sports. Consequently, these activities lead to an open window of

susceptibility to infection. The introduction of the new routines in the context of

COVID-19 will allow certain outdoor exercises, which facilitate SARS-CoV-2

(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) transmission due to increased

ventilation rates during exercise and possible mass gathering at sporting venues,

stadiums, jogging tracks, parks, or any recreational areas. Currently, there are

Changes in recreational behaviors of outdoor enthusiasts during the COVID-19

pandemic: analysis across urban and rural communities

The COVID-19 pandemic presents not only a global health crisis

but has also disrupted the daily lives of people around the world. From a leisure

perspective, urban outdoor enthusiasts are one group particularly impacted by

the pandemic and the subsequent institutional response. Stay-at-home orders

and physical distancing recommendations serve as potential inhibitors to outdoor

recreation activities central to the lifestyles and wellbeing of outdoor enthusiasts.

In urban areas, where these orders and recommendations are most restrictive,

the potential impacts on recreation behavior are most consequential. This study

provides an empirical analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the

recreational behaviors of outdoor enthusiasts across urban and rural

communities. Results suggest that the frequency of outdoor recreation

participation, distance travelled to participate in outdoor recreation and distance

travelled beyond roads during outdoor recreation have declined significantly

more among outdoor enthusiasts residing in urban areas than urban clusters or

rural areas.

34
RELATED STUDIES ON FINANCIAL SUPPORT

According to Mawrth (2020), citizens advice helps people manage

financial difficulties every day. Last year we helped 380,000 people with debt

problems and a further 150,000 people navigate the welfare system. Our

advisers see the impact on people’s lives when they can’t make ends meet.

From data we collect when providing that advice, we know the people we help

need a certain amount of money to avoid getting into financial difficulty. The

average amount for a single household is £960 a month, while for a couple with

children it is £1,700.

As individuals, public services, and businesses change their behaviour to help

delay the impact of coronavirus, the way people live (and so spend money), will

change dramatically. Many people will not be able to go to work and will lose the

ability to provide for themselves and their families. People’s needs will also

change as they cut back on travel and spending outside of the home. Using the

ONS’s Living Costs and Food Survey, we modelled plausible changes in

people’s outgoings in the next three months, focusing on the bottom third of the

income distribution.

RELATED STUDIES ON LGU PROGRAMS

According to Tabuga et Al. (2020), Yhe unprecedented COVID-

19 pandemic is by far the most challenging public health crisis the world has

faced in a century. It has overwhelmed global and national health service and

disaster management infrastructure, bringing economies to a standstill. As of

35
August 4, 2020, there were a recorded 18 million cases, with a death toll of

690,000 worldwide. Almost all affected countries experienced shortages in health

care equipment and in health human resources. An unprecedented crisis of the

scale of COVID-19 has only exposed the vulnerability of a country that could not

even achieve universal access to basic amenities and services needed for

survival like water, sanitation, health, and nutrition. The lack of coordination

between and among government units that are at the forefront of curbing the

spread of the novel corona virus was also observed.

The report provides a conceptual framework for analyzing

capacity of the civil service which is a useful way to illustrate the issues and

challenges in governance. It has illustrated the importance of investing in digital

education, e-commerce, and innovative ways of delivering social protection as

well as fostering business innovations to meet fast-changing demand. This

background paper briefly scans the recent literature of public sector innovations

and other efforts implemented in the strengthening of governance systems.

RELATED STUDIES ON LIVELIHOOD

Moreover Schotte and Zizzamia (2020), the impact of the COVID-

19 pandemic and related policy measures on livelihoods in urban South Africa.

Using qualitative research methods, we analyse two rounds of semi-structured

phone interviews, conducted between June and September 2020 in the township

of Khayelitsha, Cape Town. We contextualise these by presenting a snapshot of

the nationwide dynamics using quantitative panel data.

36
RELATED STUDIES ON PROFITABILITY

Moreover Robert Fairlie (2020), the widespread closing of stores

and businesses in the United States and around the world due to the coronavirus

is unprecedented. Stores, factories and many other businesses have closed by

policy mandate or downward demand shifts. Many of these closures may be

permanent because of the inability to pay ongoing expenses and survive the

shutdown. The impact on small businesses around the world is likely to be

severe.

Our findings describe how the shock of the COVID-19 pandemic

has deepened the economic vulnerability which preceded the crisis. Survivalist

livelihood strategies were undermined by the economic disruption to the informal

sector, while the co-variate nature of the shock rendered social networks and

informal insurance mechanisms ineffective, causing households to liquidate

savings, default on insurance payments, and deepen their reliance on

government grants. In addition, the impact of the pandemic on schooling may

deepen existing inequalities and constrain future upward mobility.

RELATED STUDIES ON SERVICE AND AMENITIES

According to Belton (2019), amenities include (access to) basic facilities

and services that help a visitor feel comfortable and secure in your destination.

Sometimes referred to as the “pleasantness” of a place, they play an important

role in shaping the visitor experience and include things like public restrooms,

signage, connectivity, emergency services, postal facilities, roads, sidewalks,

37
safe drinking water, etc. And while it can be tempting to take these elements for

granted, ready access to them plays a major role in determining whether visitors

will plan a return visit or recommend your destination to others. While providing

all of these visitor amenities is certainly not solely the role of DMOs, collaborating

with local service providers, city officials, stakeholders, and support personnel to

ensure they are well-equipped to meet these expectations is absolutely within the

purview of today’s DMO (Destination Management Organization).

Furthermore Camilleri (2017), a destination’s infrastructure is not usually

developed with the tourist in mind, but should include facilities and services

that are required by tourists. Infrastructural elements include; roads, electricity

and water supplies, communication facilities, sewage and waste disposal,

policing and security, medical services and hygiene. In developed countries,

these facilities are provided for residents. However, if a region has tourist

potential, its infrastructure must take into account the likely needs for future

expansion, due to a possible influx of tourists.

As per Dev et al. (2019), choosing hotel amenities is a critical task for

hotel owners and operators. Offering too few amenities, or the wrong kind of

amenities, can negatively affect the brand positioning of the hotel and the guest’s

service experience. Offering too many amenities can waste capital, increase

operating costs, and put unnecessary burdens on service delivery. We found that

expected use of particular amenities play a role in the consumer’s choice of

choosing the right hotel, and the actual use of particular amenities plays a role in

attracting repeat guests.

38
 Moreover, Hao (2020), recommended four principles for the different

phases of disaster management, including disaster assessment, ensuring

employees’ safety, customer & property, self-saving, and activating & revitalizing

business. Finally, the study discussed the main anti-pandemic strategies in the

categories of leadership & communication, human resource, service provision,

corporate social responsibility, finance, and standard operating procedure.

According to Mensah (2020), the COVID-19 pandemic’s ripple effect has

reverberated across the globe as a result of increased globalization, resulting in

the loss of lives and employment, as well as a decline in overall economic

activity. Since tourism’s base product is the environment, destinations will

become more attractive. Airlines, tour operators, travel agencies, attraction

websites, car rental, restaurants, and hotels have all suffered as a result of the

disruption. Both companies and service providers involved in the tourism value

chain, such as a farmer who supplies vegetables to a restaurant and a taxi driver

who transports visitors from one place to another.

39
 CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The participants of the study were selected 20 respondents from

municipal officials, health workers, business owners, and residents of Brgy. San

Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna. This chapter comprises of research design, population

and samples, research instrument, data gathering procedure, and statistical data

applied.

RESEARCH DESIGN

This study is descriptive type of research. According to the Shields et al.,

(2013). Descriptive research is used to describe characteristic of a population of

phenomenon being studied. This will be used to determine The Effects of Covid-

19 Pandemic to the Tourism Industry of Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna.

POPULATION AND SAMPLE

The participants of the study were selected 20 respondents from different

sectors of Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna. The respondents will be asked

regarding The Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic to the Tourism Industry of Brgy. San

Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna.

40
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The researchers will conduct a survey to 20 respondents from the sectors of

municipal officials, health workers, business owners, and residents of Brgy. San

Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna, to determine The Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic to the

Tourism Industry of Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna. The research instrument

refers to the device used to collect data and information. Data is collected from

the respondents using questionnaire in this study, the questionnaire was

designed to gather data from 20 respondents of Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan,

Laguna.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The researchers had a lot vigorous time, effort and cooperation on

developing their questionnaire so as to serve as intended respondents. The

survey was created using suitable questions modified from related research and

individual questions formed by the researcher. Before the questionnaire was

distributed to the respondents, it was validated by the professor who is In-charge

with the subject.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT

The following statistical treatment will be used in the analysis of the data.

Mean is used to compute the independent variable

Mean = (SA*5)+(A*4)+(N*3)+(D*2)+(SD*1)/N

Where:

41
SA= Strongly Agree

A= Agree

N-Neutral

D=Disagree

SD=Strongly Disagree

N= Total of the Respondents

Standard Deviation it is used to find out which among the independent variables

has the highest mean.

Standard Deviation=

42
 CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION

This Chapter will represent the data gathered, analysis data’s, and interpret

the obtain results from the computed data gathered from the survey.

PRESENTATION OF DATA

A. Demographic Profile of the respondents in terms of Age.

1. Age

AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

16-25 11 36.7%
26-30 2 6.7%
30 Above 17 56.6%
TOTAL: 30 100%

Table 1 shows the majority of the respondents are age 30 years old and above.

B. Demographic Profile of the respondents in terms of Sex.

GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

FEMALE 20 66.7%
MALE 10 33.3%
TOTAL: 30 100%

43
Table 2 shows the majority of the respondents are female having the frequency

of 66.7%

C. Demographic Profile of the respondents in terms of Sectors.

SECTOR FREQUENCY PERTENTAGE

Business Owners 6 20%
Health Workers 6 20%
Municipal Workers 6 20%
Barangay Officials 6 20%
Residents 6 20%
Total: 30 100%

Table 3. Effects of Covid-19 in terms of:

CLEAN-UP DRIVE

MEAN SD RANK INTERPRETATION

1.1 The municipal 4.13 0.43 2.50 Agree
government conducted
environmental activities
such as clean-up drive
during the pandemic.
1.2 Citizens are 3.83 0.79 4.00 Agree
participating on any
activities related to
coastal clean-up or
street sweeping
conducted by the
government during
GCQ.
1.3 Proper exercise and 4.13 0.90 2.50 Agree
recreational activities
such as clean-up drives
can help to boost our
immune system, so we
can prevent having
diseases and viruses

44
 like COVID-19.
1.4 Through cleaning and 4.50 0.57 1.00 Strongly Agree
sanitizing our homes
and surroundings, we
can reduce the chance
of getting virus.
1.5 Let your surroundings 1.93 1.23 5.00 Disagree
become dirty, just stay
at your home since
that's the order of the
government.
Average Weighted 3.71 1.23 Agree
Mean and Standard
Deviation

Table 3 shows the Level of Acceptability in terms of Clean-up

Drive. Rank 1 is question 1.4, "Through cleaning and sanitizing our homes and

surroundings, we can reduce the chance of getting virus." With the highest

average mean level of 4.50, with the standard deviation of 0.57, and with the

verbal interpretation of Strongly Agree. Rank 2.5 is question 1.1, "The municipal

government conducted environmental activities such as clean-up drive during the

pandemic." It has an average mean of 4.13, with the verbal interpretation of

Agree. Question 1.3 also ranked 2.5, "Proper exercise and recreational activities

such as clean-up drives can help to boost our immune system, so we can

prevent having diseases and viruses like COVID-19." It also has an average

mean of 4.13, with the verbal interpretation of Agree. Rank 4 is question 1.2,

"Citizens participated in activities related to coastal clean-up or street sweeping

conducted by the government during GCQ." It has an average mean of 3.83, with

the verbal interpretation of Agree. Rank 5 is question 1.5, "Let your surroundings

become dirty, just stay at your home since that's the order of the government." It

45
has an average mean of 1.93, with the verbal interpretation of Disagree. The

general mean of clean-up drive is 3.71 and standard deviation of 1.23, with the

verbal interpretation of Agree.

This means that the respondents Agreed that clean-up drive

(recreational activities) in San Juan helped them to cope up with the COVID-19

pandemic.

FINANCIAL SUPPORT

MEAN SD RANK INTERPRETATION

2.1 The government 3.37 0.93 4.00 Neutral
assisted small
business.
2.2 Have received 4.03 0.76 1.00 Agree
financial support from
the social amelioration
program of the
government.
2.3 Has received the 3.77 1.22 2.00 Agree
latest financial
assistance from the
government, which is
the Emergency
Subsidy.
2.4 The government give 3.67 0.96 3.00 Agree
and reached the
target physical and
financial assistance
during the pandemic.
2.5 The government fails 2.87 1.20 5.00 Neutral
to provide support to
citizens affected by
COVID-19.
Average Weighted 3.54 1.09 Agree
Mean and Standard
Deviation

46
 Table 4 shows the Level of Acceptability in terms of Financial Support.

Rank 1 is question 2.2, "Have received financial support from the social

amelioration program of the government." With the highest average mean level of

4.03, with the standard deviation of 0.76, and with the verbal interpretation of

Agree. Rank 2 is question 2.3, "Has received the latest financial assistance from

the government, which is the Emergency Subsidy." It has an average mean of

3.77, with the verbal interpretation of Agree. Rank 3 is question 2.2, "The

government give and reached the target physical and financial assistance during

the pandemic." It has an average mean of 3.67, with the verbal interpretation of

Agree. Rank 4 is question 2.1, "The government assisted small business." It has

an average mean of 3.37, with the verbal interpretation of Neutral. Rank 5 is

question 2.5, "The government fails to provide support to citizens affected by

COVID-19. "It has an average mean of 2.87, with verbal interpretation of Neutral.

The general mean of Financial Support is 3.54, its standard deviation is 1.09,

with the verbal interpretation of Agree.

This means that the respondents agreed that the government

gave financial support during the occurrence of COVID-19 pandemic.

LGU PROGRAMS

MEA SD RANK INTERPETATION

N
3.1 LGU Programs are 4.07 0.74 1.00 Agree
successful this past
year up to this year
2021 even though we
are experiencing the
pandemic.

47
 3.2 LGU’s as well as their 4.00 0.98 2.00 Agree
programs did well to
cope up with this
pandemic.
3.3 LGU programs were 2.40 1.19 5.00 Disagree
not affected by Covid-
19.
3.4 Some of the 2.83 0.79 4.00 Neutral
programs of LGU’s
are not successful.
3.5 The programs of 3.67 0.80 3.00 Agree
LGU’s are all well-
funded.
Average Weighted 3.39 1.12 Neutral
Mean and Standard
Deviation

Table 5 shows the Level of Acceptability in terms of “LGU

Programs”. Rank 1 is question 3.1 “LGU Programs are successful this past year

up to this year 2031 even though we are experiencing the pandemic.” with the

highest average mean level of 4.07 and its standard devastation of 0.74 with the

verbal interpretation of Agree. The question 3.2 “LGU, as well as their programs,

did well to cope up with this pandemic” Rank 2 with an average mean of 4.00 and

standard deviation of 0.98 with a verbal interpretation Agree. Rank 3 is the

question “The programs of LGU’s are all well-funded.” with an average mean of

3.67 and standard deviation of 0.80 with a verbal interpretation of Agree. Rank 4

is the question “Some of the programs of LGU’s are not successful.” with an

average mean of 2.83 and standard deviation of 0.79 with a verbal interpretation

of Neutral. And lastly, the Rank 5 question is “LGU programs are not affected by

Covid-19.” with an average mean of 2.40 and a standard deviation of 1.19 with a

verbal interpretation of Disagree.

48
 Based from the responses gathered, COVID-19 has neutral

effect on the LGU programs.

LIVELIHOOD

MEAN SD RANK INTERPRETATION

4.1 Some of the resident 3.60 0.86 3.50 Agree
in Brgy. San Juan
has lost their
livelihood during
pandemic.
4.2 The livelihood on 3.60 1.04 3.50 Agree
Brgy. San Juan is
struggling because
of pandemic.
4.3 The Brgy. Officials 3.17 1.09 5.00 Neutral
are the one who are
responsible for the
livelihood of their
residents.
4.4 The government did 3.93 0.69 1.00 Agree
its best to sustain
the livelihood of the
residents of
Barangay San Juan.
4.5 Many people 3.77 0.86 2.00 Agree
participated on any
livelihood trainings
that was conducted
by the government.
Average Weighted 3.61 0.94 Agree
Mean and Standard
Deviation

In table 6 shows the effects of COVID-19 Pandemic in terms of livelihood

Rank 1 is question 4.4 "The government did its best to sustain the livelihood of

the residents of Barangay San Juan" with the highest average mean level 3.93

49
and its standard deviation of 0.69 with the interpretation of agree. Rank 2 is

question 4.5"Many people participated on any livelihood trainings that was

conducted by the government" has an average mean of 3.77 with the

interpretation of agree. Rank 3.5 is question 4.1 "Some of the resident in Brgy.

San Juan has lost their livelihood during pandemic" has an average mean of 3.60

with the interpretation of agree, also in Rank 3.5 is question 4.2 "The livelihood

on Brgy. San Juan is struggling because of pandemic" has an average mean of

3.60 with the interpretation of agree. Rank 5 is question 4.3 "The Brgy. Officials

are the one who are responsible for the livelihood of their residents" has an

average mean of 3.17 with interpretation of neutral. The general mean of

appearance is 3.61 and standard deviation of 0.94 with interpretation of agree.

This means that the respondents agreed that Livelihood was affected

by the COVID-19.

PROFITABILITY

MEA SD RANK INTERPRETATION

N
The Barangay San
Juan decreased in
profitability during the
4.1 quarantine period. 3.87 0.86 5.00 Agree
The pandemic
affected the profit
stability of businesses
in Barangay San
4.2 Juan. 3.97 0.81 2.00 Agree
Business owners in
Brgy. San Juan are
dealing hard time,
managing their
4.3 profits. 3.93 0.78 3.00 Agree

50
 Profitability is one of
the most affected in
4.4 the time of pandemic. 4.20 0.85 1.00 Agree
4.5 Profits are unstable. 3.90 1.03 4.00 Agree
Average Weighted
Mean and Standard
Deviation 3.97 0.87 Agree

In Table 7, it shows the Level of Acceptability in terms of

Profitability. Rank 1 is question 5.4, "Profitability are one of the most affected in

the time of pandemic." With the highest average mean level of 4.20, with the

standard deviation of 0.85, and with the verbal interpretation of Agree. Rank 2 is

question 5.2, "The pandemic has affected the profit stability of businesses in

Barangay San Juan." With the average mean level of 3.97, with the standard

deviation of 0.81, and with the verbal interpretation of Agree. Rank 3 is question

5.3, "Business owners in Barangay San Juan dealing hard times, managing their

profits." With the average mean level of 3.93, with the standard deviation of 0.78,

and with the verbal interpretation of Agree. Rank 4 is question 5.5, "Profits are

unstable." With the average mean level of 3.90, with the standard deviation of

1.03, and with the verbal interpretation of Agree. Last is the question "The

Barangay San Juan decreased in profitability during the quarantine period." With

the lowest average mean level of 3.87, with the standard deviation of 0.86, and

with the verbal interpretation of Agree.

The table 7 shows that the respondents Agreed that the COVID-

19 pandemic affected the profitability of Barangay San Juan.

SERVICE AND AMENITIES

51
 MEAN SD RANK INTERPRETATION
4.1 The government 3.93 0.83 4.00 Agree
provide service and
amenities during the
pandemic.
4.2 The barangay provide 4.23 0.63 2.50 Strongly Agree
Health and social
welfare services
which include
maintenance of
barangay health
center and day-care
center.
4.3 The barangay support 3.73 1.05 5.00 Agree
services which
include planting
materials distribution
system and operation
of farm produce
collection and buying
stations.
4.4 The barangay 4.27 0.64 1.00 Strongly Agree
services and facilities
related to general
hygiene and
sanitation,
beautification, and
solid waste collection.
4.5 The Maintenance of 4.23 0.77 2.50 Strongly Agree
barangay roads,
bridges and water
system continues
despite the pandemic.
Average Weighted 4.08 0.82 Agree
Mean and Standard
Deviation

Table 8 shows the Level of Acceptability in terms of Service and

Amenities. Rank 1 is question 4.4, “The barangay services and facilities related

to general hygiene and sanitation, beautification, and solid waste collection. ”

With the highest average mean level of 4.27, with the standard deviation of 0.64,

52
and with the verbal interpretation of Strongly Agree. Rank 2.5 is question 4.2,

“The barangay provide Health and social welfare services which include

maintenance of barangay health center and day-care center.” It has an average

mean of 4.23, and standard deviation of 0.63 with the verbal interpretation of

Strongly Agree. Question 4.5 is also ranked 2.5, “The Maintenance of barangay

roads, bridges and water system continues despite the pandemic.” It also has an

average mean of 4.23, and standard deviation of 0.77 with the verbal

interpretation of Strongly agree. Rank 4 is question 4.1, “The government provide

service and amenities during the pandemic.” It has an average mean of 3.93”,

and standard deviation of 0.83 with the verbal interpretation of Agree. Rank 5 is

question 4.3, “The barangay support services which include planting materials

distribution system and operation of farm produce collection and buying stations.”

It has an average mean of 3.73, and standard deviation of 1.05 with the verbal

interpretation of Agree. The general mean of service and Amenities is 4.08 and

standard deviation of 0.82, with the verbal interpretation of Agree.

This means that the respondents Agreed that Service and

Amenities (recreational activities) in San Juan helped them to cope up with the

COVID-19 pandemic.

Table 7. Summary of the Effects COVID-19 Pandemic has brought to Brgy.

San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna

Variable Mean SD Verbal interpretation

Clean up Drive 3.71 1.23 Agree
Financial Support 3.54 1.09 Agree
LGU Programs 3.39 1.12 Neutral

53
 Livelihood 3.61 0.94 Agree
Profitability 3.97 0.87 Agree
Service and Amenities 4.08 0.82 Agree

In table 9, it shows the Summary of the Effects COVID-19

Pandemic has brought to Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna Rank 1 is Service

and Amenities that has the highest mean level of 4.08 and Standard Deviation of

0.82 with verbal interpretation of Agree. Rank 2 is Profitability that has the mean

level of 3.97 and Standard Deviation of 0.87 with verbal interpretation of Agree.

Rank 3 is Clean up Drive that has the mean level of 3.71 and Standard Deviation

of 1.23 with verbal interpretation of Agree. Rank 4 is Livelihood that has the

mean level of 3.61 and Standard Deviation of 0.94 with verbal interpretation of

Agree. Then on Rank 5 is Financial Support that has the mean level of 3.54 and

Standard Deviation of 1.09 with verbal interpretation of Agree. Last is Rank 6

LGU Programs that has the mean level of 3.39 and Standard Deviation of 1.12

with verbal interpretation of Neutral.

This table shows that the respondents strongly agreed that Summary

of the Effects COVID-19 Pandemic has brought to Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan,

Laguna in terms of Clean up Drive, Financial Support, LGU Programs,

Livelihood, Profitability, and Service and Amenities.

54
 CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary and conclusions derived in the

conduct of the study which is to determine The Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic to

the Tourism Industry of Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna. It also provides

recommendation that can be pursued by the researchers.

This study was conducted at San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna. The

respondents came from the chosen sectors of San Juan's community,

particularly, from the business owners, residents, baranggay officials, health

workers, and municipal officials. We got 30 responses from six respondents for

each sector. They were selected using simple random sampling. It employed

quantitative research and utilized descriptive method. Relevant data were

55
obtained through the use of questionnaire. The statistical tools used were

percentage, mean, and standard deviation.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

The findings of the study were summarized according to the

statement of the problem stated in Chapter 1.

1. What are the demographic profile of the respondents?

In terms of Age, there are 11 respondents ages between 16-25 years, 2

respondents ages between 26-30 years old, and 17 respondents ages 30 above.

While in terms of Sex, there are 20 female respondents and 10 male

respondents. The study reveals that 66.7% or majority of the respondents are

female.

2. What are the Summary of the Effects COVID-19 Pandemic has brought to

Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna.

Service and Amenities got the highest mean level of 4.08 and Standard

Deviation of 0.82 with verbal interpretation of Agree, Second is Profitability that

has the mean level of 3.97 and Standard Deviation of 0.87 with verbal

interpretation of Agree. Third is Clean up Drive that has the mean level of 3.71

and Standard Deviation of 1.23 with verbal interpretation of Agree. Next is,

Livelihood that has the mean level of 3.61 and Standard Deviation of 0.94 with

verbal interpretation of Agree. Then, Financial Support that has the mean level of

3.54 and Standard Deviation of 1.09 with verbal interpretation of Agree. Last,

56
LGU Programs that has the mean level of 3.39 and Standard Deviation of 1.12

with verbal interpretation of Neutral.

CONCLUSION

Based on the indicated findings, the researchers concluded that the

variable who got the highest overall mean is Service and Amenities which has an

average mean of 4.08. This was supported by the gathered scores rated in the

questionnaires accomplished by the respondents. The researchers learned and

believe that service and amenities was the most affected by the COVID-19

pandemic. Therefore, San Juan Municipality should focus on assisting their

residents with service and amenities to help them cope up with the pandemic.

This reveals that the respondents agreed that COVID-19 pandemic has affected

the tourism industry of San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna, especially in terms of

service and amenities.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the findings and conclusion of the study, we recommend the following:

Barangay. Continuous implementation of health protocols and intensification of

quarantine and guidelines implemented by IATF. And providing support for those

affected by COVID-19 such as free livelihood training.

Business Owners. If their incomes are affected because of government

restrictions so COVID-19 won’t spread, they should try online selling which is

very popular now, they don't have to sell or interact with many people just to sell

57
their goods. And for restaurants or food stalls owner, try the delivery like grab

and food panda or bulk order of party trays so that business operation will

continue.

Community/Residents. Compliance with barangay, municipal and national

guidelines such as quarantine, curfew and health protocol. If you don't need to go

out, stay at home just to avoid bringing virus from outside.

Health Care Workers. Implementing guidelines and be aware in its area if there

are newcomers from other areas who have many cases of covid-19 even

reporting if there are people who have symptoms in their area that maybe a

COVID-19.

Municipal Government. Continuous support like financial assistance and

livelihood training for affected constituent such as tricycle drivers, ambulant

vendor, online seller etc.

58
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. Published Articles

Castillo (2017), "OHYM Quezon City Clean-Up Drive."

openheartfoundation.org.ph

Scible (2015), "Coming together to help the environment, community."

baltimoresun.com

Wiley et al. (2021), "Cleaning Up Your Community." dummies.com

Firshein (2020), "The Most Important Word in the Hospitality Industry? 'Clean'."

nytimes.com

Glinn (2016), "Conducting Neighborhood Cleanup Programs." ctb.ku.edu

59
Lee (2020), "Philippines is prepared for the coronavirus outbreak to last until end-

May, says finance secretary." cnbc.com

Johnson (2020), "Social Assistance Payments in Response to COVID-19: The

Role of Donors".cgap.org

Zhang (2021), "ADB Provides $25 Million to Help Philippines Procure COVID-19

Vaccines".adb.org

Alderton (2020), "COVID-19: Summary of Government Financial Support Across

Europe and the Middle East".squirepattonboggs.com

Zhang et el (2020), "COVID-19 and healthcare system in China: challenges and

progression for a sustainable future".biomedcentral.com

De Villa (2020), LGU’s steps up effort to contain, combat COVID-19”

business.inquirer.net

Mabalot (2021) “LGUs promote good nutrition amidst COVID-19 pandemic”

need.gov.ph

Rappler Philippines (2020) “LGUs will now lead fight vs coronavirus – IATF”

rappler.com

Tefft (2020) “Impact of COVID-19 on the food supply chain.” academic.oup.com

Department of the Finance (2020) “Dominguez cites LGUs role in revitalizing

economy” dof.gov.ph

60
Acosta, Avalos (2018), "The Philippines Sustainable Livelihood Program :

Providing and Expanding Access to Employment and Livelihood Opportunities"

openknowledge.worldbank.org

Pomeroy et al. (2017), "An analysis of livelihood projects and programs for

fishing communities in the Philippines" Infona.pl

Tañedo (2014), "Challenges and Opportunities of Sustainable Livelihood

Program Participants on Establishing and Sustaining Community Driven

Enterprises" ejournals.ph

Magno et al. (2017), "Assessment of implementation issues and livelihood

success on the Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP) of the DSWD "

econstor.eu

Artajo et al. (2020), "BRINGING SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD FRAMEWORK

TO LIFE: A STUDY ON THE POSSIBLE DETERMINANTS OF

SUSTAINABILITY OF THE DOLE INTEGRATED LIVELIHOOD PROGRAM

(DILP)" ils.dole.gov.ph

Donthu and Gustafsson (2020), "Effects of COVID-19 On Business And

Research" www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Donthu and Gustafsson (2020), "How Facilities Management Effected With

COVID-19" www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Donthu and Gustafsson (2020), "Coronavirus Bankruptcy Tracker: These Major

Companies Are Failing Amid The Shutdown." www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

61
Chowdhury et al. (2020), "A Case Study On Strategies To Deal With The Impacts

Of COVID-19 Pandemic In The Food and Beverage Industry." link.springer.con

Meyersohn and Isidore (2020), "Four Famous Stores That May Not Survive

Because Of Coronavirus." cnn.com

Belton (2019), "Key Elements of a Destination, Part 5: Amenities"

Stampdestinations.com

Camilleri (2017), "The Tourism Industry: An Overview" Researchgate.net

Dev et. Al, (2019), "A detailed study of the expected and actual use of hotel

amenities" bu.edu

Hao (2020), " The hospitality industry in the face of the Covid-19 Pandemic:

Current topics and research methods" mdpi.com

Mensah (2020), "Unpacking The Impacts Of COVID-19 On Tourism And

Repackaging The Hotel Service" Hospitalitynet.org

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Rice et al. (2020), "Changes in recreational behaviors of outdoor enthusiasts

during the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis across urban and rural communities."

academic.uop.com

Mawrth(2020)"Financial support during the Covid-19 pandemic - a proposal for a

Crisis Minimum Income".citizensadvice.orgy

62
Tabuga et Al. (2020), “Innovating Governance: Building Resilience against

COVID-19 Pandemic and Other Risks” pids.gov.ph

Schotte and Zizzamia (2020), "The livelihood impacts of COVID-19 in urban

South Africa"

Glinn (2016), "Conducting Neighborhood Cleanup Programs." ctb.ku.edu

Domingez et. Al, (2020), " Service facilities and hotel performance: empirical

evidence from hotel-level data in Thailand " inderscience.com.

APPENDICES

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

We, the researchers from the tourism operations strand of Philippine

Women’s University in Sta. Cruz, Laguna are conducting a research study

entitled, THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC TO THE TOURISM

INDUSTRY OF BRGY. SAN JUAN, KALAYAAN, LAGUNA. In this concern, we

would like to ask your help by answering our questionnaire. You can be assured

that all gathered will be treated with utmost confidentiality and for academic

purpose only. Thank you for your cooperation and God bless.

63
Name:

Age:

Gender:

Choose the sector where you belongs to:

{ } Resident

{ } Barangay Officials

{ } Municipal Officials

{ } Health Workers

{ } Business Owners

{ } Others, please specify:

Direction: Kindly evaluate “The Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic to the

Tourism Industry of Brgy. San Juan, Kalayaan, Laguna.”

Rating Verbal Interpretation

5 Strongly Agree

4 Agree

3 Neutral

2 Disagree

1 Strongly Disagree

64
I. Clean-up Drive - refers to the activities related to 5 4 3 2 1
cleaning that was conducted by the government during
pandemic.
A. The municipal government conducted environmental
activities such as clean-up drive during the pandemic.
B. Citizens are participating on any activities related to
coastal clean-up or street sweeping conducted by the
government during GCQ.
C. Proper exercise and recreational activities such as
clean-up drives can help to boost our immune system, so
we can prevent having diseases and viruses like COVID-
19.
D. Through cleaning and sanitizing our homes and
surroundings, we can reduce the chance of getting virus.
E. Let your surroundings become dirty, just stay at your
home since that's the order of the government.

II. Financial Support - refers to the financial subsidy 5 4 3 2 1

that was given by the government.

A. The government assisted small businesses.
B. Have received financial support from the social

amelioration program of the government.

C. Has received the latest financial assistance from the

government, which is the Emergency Subsidy.

D. The government gave and reached the target physical

and financial assistance during the pandemic.

E. The government has failed to provide support to

citizens affected by COVID-19.

III. LGU Programs - refers to the activities and programs 5 4 3 2 1

65
that was facilitated and organized by the local

government.
A. LGU Programs are successful this past year up to this

year 2021, even though we are experiencing pandemic.

B. LGU’s as well as their programs did well to cope up

with this pandemic.

C. LGU programs was not affected by COVID-19.
D. Some of the programs of LGU’s are not successful.
E. The programs of LGU’s are all well-funded.

IV. Livelihood - refers to the economic trainings and 5 4 3 2 1

seminars that was conducted by the local government.

A. Some of the resident in Brgy. San Juan has lost their

livelihood during pandemic.

B. The livelihood on Brgy. San Juan is struggling

because of pandemic.
C. The Brgy. Officials are the one who are responsible

for the livelihood of their residents.

D. The government did its best to sustain the livelihood

of the residents of Barangay San Juan.

E. Many people participated on any livelihood trainings

that was conducted by the government.

V. Profitability - refers to the financial gain of 5 4 3 2 1

businesses during and before the pandemic.

A. The Barangay San Juan decreased in profitability

during the quarantine period.

B. The pandemic has affected the profit stability of

businesses in Barangay San Juan.

C. Business owners in Brgy. San Juan dealing hard

times, managing their profits.

D. Profitability are one of the most affected in the time of

pandemic.
E. Profits are unstable.

VI. Service and Amenities - refers to the services and 5 4 3 2 1

basic necessities from the government during the time

66
of crisis.
A. The government provide service and amenities during

the pandemic.
B. The barangay provide Health and social welfare

services which include maintenance of barangay health

center and day-care center.

C. The barangay support services which include planting

materials distribution system and operation of farm

produce collection and buying stations.

D. The barangay services and facilities related to general

hygiene and sanitation, beautification, and solid waste

collection.
E. The Maintenance of barangay roads, bridges and

water system continues despite the pandemic.

DATA MATRIX

67
 PICTURES TAKEN WHILE CONDUCTING THE SURVEY

68
CURRICULUM VITAE

PANIZA, FATHRIZIA B.

Dela Paz Street, Purok 6, Brgy. San Antonio, Kalayaan,

Laguna

09311176969 | panizafathrizia5@gmail.com

Student

PERSONAL DETAILS:

Birthdate: January 11, 2004

Age: 17

Height: 5'6

Weight: 59

Citizenship: Filipino

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Mother: Cristina B. Paniza

Father: Elmer M. Paniza

Guardian: Cynthia B. Vallejos

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

Senior High School: Philippine Women's University (2020-Present)

Secondary Junior High: Puerto Princesa City (2017-2019)

National Science High School

Liceo de San Antonio (2019-2020)

Primary: San Antonio Elementary School (2010-2013)

Sta. Monica Elementary School (2013-2016)

69
APALLA, ATASHA NICOLE A.

Real St. Zone 10, Brgy. Longos Kalayaan, Laguna

09636549085 |

atashaapalla@gmail.com

Student

PERSONAL DETAILS:

Birthdate: November 01, 2003

Age: 18

Height: 5’3

Weight: 55

Citizenship: Filipino

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Seventh-Day Adventist

Mother: Melanie A. Acueza-Macawilli

Father: Isagani P. Apalla lll

Guardian: Delia A. Acueza

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Senior High School: Philippine Women's University (2020-Present)

Secondary Junior High: San Juan National High School (2016-2020)

Primary: Longos Elementary School (2010-2016)

70
NOEL, FRINCE JEWEL A.

Dela Paz Street, Purok 6, Brgy. San Antonio, Kalayaan,

Laguna

09618107198 | noelfrincejewel@gmail.com

Student

PERSONAL DETAILS:

Birthdate: April 19, 2003

Age: 18

Height: 5'7

Weight: 53

Citizenship: Filipino

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Mother: Cristina C. Acueza

Father: Fernando M. Noel

Guardian: Cristina C. Acueza

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

Senior High School: Philippine Women's University (2020-Present)

Secondary Junior High: Liceo de San Antonio (2016-2020)

Primary: San Antonio Elementary School (2010-2016)

71
ESPINOZA, JANWIEN B.

Dela Paz Street, Purok 6, Brgy. San Antonio, Kalayaan,

Laguna

09317017214 | espinozajanwien@gmail.com

Student

Personal Details:

Birthdate: November 10, 2003

Age: 18

Height: 6'0

Weight: 89

Citizenship: Filipino

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Mother: Aniway B. Espiza

Father: Marjonh E. Espinoza

Guardian: Aniway B. Espinoza

Educational Background

Senior Highschool: Philippines Women's University (2020-Present)

Secondary Junior High: Liceo de San Antonio (2016-2020)

Primary: San Antonio Elementary School (2010-2016)

72
CAJUMBAN, JEM MIKAELA D.

J.P Rizal St. Brgy 3 Ermita, Paete Laguna.

09263435758 | jem.mikaela1@gmail.com

Student

PERSONAL DETAILS:

Birthdate: September 3, 2004

Age: 17

Height: 5'4

Weight: 46

Citizenship: Filipino

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Mother: Marina D. Cajumban

Father: Jonathan C. Cajumban

Guardian: Marina D. Cajumban

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

Senior High School: Philippine Women's University (2020-Present)

Secondary Junior High: Liceo de Paete (2017-2020)

Primary: San Antonio Abad School (2010-2016)

73
RAGASA, BREANNA BETTINA M.

J. Madrazo St. Upper Village Falls San Juan Kalayaan,

Laguna

09335076756| bettinaragasa28@gmail.com

Student

PERSONAL DETAILS:

Birthdate: June 28, 2004

Age: 17

Height: 5'5

Weight: 47

Citizenship: Filipino

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Mother: Jobren M. Ragasa

Father: Joseph D. Ragasa

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

Senior High School: Philippine Women's University (2020-Present)

Secondary Junior High: San Juan National High School (2016-2020)

Primary: San Juan Central Elementary School (2010-2016)

74