‫א‬

‫א‬

EF١٤٣١
  
   ‫א‬
‫א‬

 
 
 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 
 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،  
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
?‫א‬??‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   W    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  
   ‫א‬
‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W٣٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٨    ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K١١     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٨     ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٦     ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٦      ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬

١
  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 
 K٨W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

-١-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
  E V F   ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 EVoltF‫א‬

 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬EVoltF‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
WDC‫א‬‫ א‬ J١
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 V

t
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 WAC‫א‬‫ א‬ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F
V

‫א‬‫א‬
 
-٢-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  E Electric CurrentF‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
WDirect current‫א‬‫ א‬ J١
I

T(s)
 F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E AcF
 K‫א‬E‫א‬
WAlternating current‫א‬‫ א‬ J٢
I (mA)

 
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EAcF
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
-٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬

 WE‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ Ampere‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٠٠{٠٠٠‫א‬‫• א‬
 ١٠٠{٠٠٠‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ٦‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ E‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
    E ‫א‬ F ‫א‬      ‫א‬   
 ‫א‬

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
،EΩF‫א‬‫א‬ EOhmF‫א‬‫א‬
 EkΩ,MΩ)F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 :‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W ‫א‬  J١
 W ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬  J٢
‫א‬ W KE‫א‬   F     ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬  J٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬  J٤

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬

 W

 EF‫א‬EF‫א‬K١
 EF‫א‬    EF‫א‬
     ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E 9F ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  
     
 
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K١
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٢
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٣
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٤
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٥

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬????‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫ א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٣٢١W‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 ١٠
K‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬  
 ٤  ٣  ٢  ١
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K١
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٢
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٣
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٤
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٥
        ‫א‬
 W
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 

-٧-
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٢
٨
 ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

 K١١W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

-٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬ •
ON‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
OFF‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
W‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬ ƒ
W •
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 
 W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
V=I×R volt   ‫א‬C‫א‬Z‫א‬
 W
 KEAF‫א‬?I ? Õ
KEVF‫א‬‫א‬? V? Õ
KEΩ F‫א‬‫א‬?R ? Õ
-٩-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

- ١٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣

K‫א‬‫א‬EH‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
K‫א‬‫א‬E J‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
K‫א‬‫א‬ K٧
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨

 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E١F Õ
‫א‬ Õ
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
K‫א‬ K٣
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٩
 K‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKZ‫א‬‫ א‬Õ
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKZ‫א‬‫ א‬Õ
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKZ‫א‬‫ א‬Õ
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٠
 

- ١٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
،٩Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣Z‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬C‫א‬Z‫א‬ K١
V=I×R
‫א‬D‫א‬Z‫א‬ K٢
I=V/R
٣Z٣D٩Z‫א‬ K٣
I = 9 / 3 = 3 volt
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١١٠Z‫א‬‫א‬،٢Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬C‫א‬Z‫א‬ K١
V=I×R
‫א‬D‫א‬Z‫א‬ K٢
R = V/ I
٥٥Z٢D١١٠Z‫א‬ K٣
R = 110 / 2 = 55 Ω

- ١٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E 9F ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  
     
 
         ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K١
         ‫א‬‫ א‬ K٢
         ‫א‬‫ א‬ K٣
         ‫א‬‫ א‬ K٤
         ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ K٥

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬????‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫ א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٣٢١W‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 ١٠
K‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬  
 ٤  ٣  ٢  ١
         ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K١
         ‫א‬‫ א‬ K٢
         ‫א‬‫ א‬ K٣
         ‫א‬‫ א‬ K٤
         ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ K٥
        ‫א‬
 W
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 

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 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬

٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
AC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
DC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

 
 K٨W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٧ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬o
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

- ١٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K١
 K٢
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬ K٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٧
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬ K٨
K‫א‬‫א‬ K٩

 

- ١٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K١
 ‫א‬ K٢
  K٣
 ‫א‬ K٤
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKZ‫א‬‫א‬ Õ
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKZ‫א‬‫א‬ Õ
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢،١‫א‬ K٥
K‫א‬‫א‬٤،٣‫א‬ .٦

- ٢٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E 9F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  
     
 
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K١
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٢
        K‫א‬‫א‬  K٣
        K‫א‬‫א‬  K٤

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬????‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫ א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٣٢١W‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 ١٠
K‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬  
 ٤  ٣  ٢  ١
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K١
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٢
        K‫א‬‫א‬  K٣
        K‫א‬‫א‬  K٤
        ‫א‬
 W
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 

- ٢٢ -
 ‫א‬
‫א‬

‫א‬

٤
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 
 K٦W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ٢٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬         ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 E W‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬C‫א‬Z‫א‬
 
 
 
 

- ٢٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬o
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬o
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

- ٢٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K K١
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ K١
 W‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 E‫א‬F‫א‬ EF‫א‬  EF‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
        ١
        ٢
        ٣
        ٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬  WF ‫؟‬      ‫א‬  ƒ
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKE‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 

 

- ٢٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٥ Õ
  Õ
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
 EF‫א‬  EF‫א‬  E‫א‬F‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
        ١
        ٢
        ٣
        ٤
   ‫א‬      
 ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E 9F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  
     
 
         K‫א‬‫א‬  K١
         K‫א‬‫א‬  K٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬????‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫ א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٣٢١W‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 ١٠
K‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬  
 ٤  ٣  ٢  ١
         K‫א‬‫א‬  K١
         K‫א‬‫א‬  K٢
        ‫א‬
 W
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 

- ٢٩ -
 ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬

٥
  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 
 K٦W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٣٠ -
  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬، EF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   
   ،‫א‬     ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ، 
 K‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   UTP ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،Crosstalk ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

  UTP 
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  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK ‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬ K٣
، ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬ K٥
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

- ٣٢ -
  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E 9F ،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  
     
 
         ‫א‬  K١
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬????‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

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  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫ א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٣٢١W‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 ١٠
K‫א‬٪١٠٠W‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬٪٨٠W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬  
 ٤  ٣  ٢  ١
         ‫א‬  K١
         ‫א‬‫א‬  K٢
        ‫א‬
 W
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 

 

- ٣٤ -
  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 
   K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 
   K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬
   K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 
   K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ١  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٢  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ٤  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٤  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٤  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ٥  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K EF‫א‬EF‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٧  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٨  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٩  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٩  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 
 ١٠  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ١١  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٢  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٣  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٣  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٤  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ١٥  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٦  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ١٧  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K‫א‬‫א‬

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  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬

 ١٧  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٧  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٧  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٨  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ١٩  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٠  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢١  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٢٢  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٣  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٢٤  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٤  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٢٥  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٢٦  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٧  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٨  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٢٩  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٠  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٣١  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 
 ‫א‬
 ٣٢  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٣  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ٣٤  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ٣٥  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬

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