E:T-N | Vickers Pump Failure Analysis How to read clues in hydraulic vane and piston pumps to learn what really caused them to falTable of Contents ‘To Real Causes of Hyeraue Pump Fare lesan. Vane Purp Falos ‘Square panp body. Square pr pressure ai. irra-ane pump super pate ‘ane pump vanes. vane pun eam ng. Vane pump rar. YO pump x ats Piston Pung Fares yl lek Vat pla Pstnishoe sbassorby ‘Swath pate Shoo plate vo “owbleshoatng Chat Suggested RepairsThe Real Causes of Hydraulic Pump Failure “The pup isthe haat fay hyaue (M stem'So wherever arting goes ‘arongin the som, fs usualy ho ump at gts ho bao. In foc ts unusual for apunp are be causasby a aetecsin he pup. ‘tal. when a pum goss Bas sual ust symp of some oer prociem haem slcunace inthe syst. “ical 9096 percont of pump talues can bo aod cre of ore lth towing cases. *“Cavtaton = Contamination + Excess neat + Over pressurization Os nproper nas Glossary “This acon explains ome of th tome eed hig, slong with atonal (oat on sein art areventon Aeration “Te presence of diapers bates oar ina systems taut hid. An Implant osc wren the ‘compressd abt are sect a fate pressure a he puro oct Ths implosion ean ease moat be ‘amore om the pressure plates, wear (pate ets ner the rosin pint and ‘ess nexrmey high oes! ‘omperatues Pump aration ras ous eaeng noe he aries bang pumps. The oe is ianer peed at righer Preosues, Excess aeration makos he Fd loo ay ao causes components to operat eateay because of the corpessbly of th al Tappeain he Mid Poise ays tht ‘ar cou be sucked te a pur are ‘rough aly hat ales ay nt Cavitation A locaied gaseous constn win 2 (lads aveem wren cca nen ne stu i rodood to th por Pressure. Pt mare spy caaon |. Seeut en th fa doen one At ‘he sting space. The ne rom Esch of hase condos leaves own fistncve type ot damage mart. Important recognize and understand those otal signs. That way. roa, ‘auso of pup fa canbe needestydestoye. ‘This tusrated guido was prepared to hap you pnp eral use of your ‘own pur alte Dead pois ‘Show ext the tnd of mage causa by cautaton, aration, and omer prodioms Bt van and piston pumps Se covares Information alo ncaa op you ‘etemine whether para part can be rowed or ust bo replaced. Pus, {n casylooowtowleshootng chart eps you daghose sytem potas Deore hey est In commana aa, cavtation essa to tat herd ron ‘eralonCaviaton canbe caused by ‘hee macing ha per, ‘or excessvely nginiate te, or fd ‘ecoety tattoo igh Contamination ‘Ay mate ign oa yea id that hos. hamilton te pelamarcein estar Conainants fan be sol prtles, us, or gases ost eontaman cause an sbasve oten nthe close mtg tolarsnce between component Th esis ‘ocserated wear and tear Excessive heat ‘Therma condion above & sci init causing Hud visosty be alecod. An Ser tm ye aeraton nebul fo ecoesve hat Excessive hoa intr, socal oxtaton nthe system ul, deterevatng ts vicosty. Tis creates aetainvescien There, the root case of ncesie Mest must be shminatea in oder to ect cre the rblon Implosion ‘sudo, vt ars cops. Implosion ot ar butte when abjected ‘onaaul sytem pressure can cause sovre pump damage ‘Sot not ie your pump breaks ‘ow, dont ut ame the pnp Use Ins guide o preven he same are from happening agai Go ator oral autos of yea arp ture. Over-pressurization Subjsing a pump to cpraing pressures geste an thowe fx which ‘tse designed, Overrersrzaton eats erome orcs agains aris Intra eamponents ane ean est in premetue ane Viscosity ‘Amaasur oa this intemal ton oF isresistanes few. Highor han ‘ecommensed waco (as mght bo he ‘aso th vry coo may cause pump {nua Lower than ecorenended ‘est ean cause nreaced wena ‘ump leahago ad an accompanying Snease in neat There had fe ‘coments visooet vot wen ‘he manures added soporte ates, one fay to engor pump MeVane Pump Failures Square pump body Surface scoring “Thi src normaly Wes (phosphate) ean be scores rm tapped betwean th tard body surface, The purp body onthe lt Shows peal sooen, Such sores ‘must bo dogpned by an eal amount Resurfacing requirements nought require resus Tne pump pay ste on the however han 0 dept of soring—oni the estment ‘lors orn of Bien ie‘Square pump pressure plate © signs of pump aeration Because ais compressible, any babies vapped between te vanes of ‘ump are wolnty mpiaded when Supaced cet presi. an imploded a bea smear a pump Stace eae sted can fata ype pock mars (as sean hore ath ate! metering natch) The pares of retested avaybocome fine contamination tat cn cause wear and soning of pressure plate ana ‘matng lo suse ump src wih id aeration nt 110" more han O10" removed uring rasuroig, be metong techas Imus bo rotted bythe same ‘Srount Ay bering gue ses {hatare ground eho. sway be eped © pola to improve sure fxr. ‘Aer resulag, hepato must be Fetested (tonphata) 9 restore the ‘nigral coats Severe aeration damage Tho pressure plate on he os sore savor damage am aeration {rule eenapr Resitacg wn upped say near he metorng rots (The paso th ih ia (oad eaten andi shown for ferparson).Intra-vane pump support plate {nlot support plates damaged by aeration ‘The ates of aeration a sma on ore an out poo plates. Here we seo covous damage caus by ‘slapd a babble Tho plat surace leis badly scored ican be reseed Upto 010" wihout enacting or ‘deepening the grooves. Resuracng between O10" and 020 wl rogue remachining th groove dap and Imotering niches coresponangly Never resus beyond. 20" Remomoar hat, Fesuaes pats must be propery reresteg grasps) pes spetaton No significant damage Tis cut suppor pat does show Sing remove burs, ead tbe renetatd.Vane pump vanes. © Vane frosting Corare th appearance of na vane {Gotan wi he tosed ecko 2 vane thats been subject id contaninaton fo). Te carage is Tip wear inthe mde ie worn sown somowrat from tui eortminaton, The exer wer teen on he vane othe ght was ‘autedby aeration, Siar damage can ‘350 be caused by fuldn poor or ‘marg eanion. The asoetieg ard shoud be replacesGallod vane Ts yp o galing damage _smmplomatc a ove pres of terlonporatie The ndestes @ ‘arg camagea beyond rope Vane pump cam ring Ripple marks Vane pane cam sng withave a hiny ler sirtaos auto nama! operation Soma ings (os soon hore) may aso ‘abt pla mare caused by tataton, {oraton or contamination. Thasa mari an vary rom mia sver. is pes (btwnan 001 and 002" dep) an bo pots ct andthe rng raven ‘ware poh he cam oq the oping requre expert exarination © Getrmine wheter gooretres!groang fan bo used sahage he rig Nal fstehing shou als be prermod to rca that te sutace na sone, ‘Cam rings can also rack or break crlatay af har weakest rss ‘Sctoral ln Ths typo ftir fauted ty preseure surges beyond the Duros desig specitaten,© Heat checked surface Te ndatas ona or moe aytem problems including a aerator, ‘xcesse temper or marie! hid ‘ually, Heat hace cam tngs enol Dereplaced Seizure damage Pump seizures (a evidenced by galing or metal vans can make oe Temperaties ve damateay Thess high temperatures cause dscnoraon of tnecarm mg, eaenher. inthis, tras s high athe vee ips aly feed no tein contour rg his non cannot and shoud res, beComparison of two failed cam rings “hosing on ett hae mi pling an (ante tepolehed and use agamn Tho ‘ne on the gh Powevor, as ‘oworeasedby from tere het ard ‘Show eodance ol pune sur. must bovopleced. Vane pump rotor etx surtscoscan be badly cored by SStavegernom anaes ‘ontameavon Rotor smear ‘Aratorin is contin ia sgn ot vor pressure ro rs prseu. The tig sould be replacos° Typical damage Seizure ype tures can be de oss entaminte, ay rnc of bry in the i, hgh sytem lemperaure, of Improper aearance btwoon cam ing na tr homestes. ator wh are lls worn more hat 0000" canal be ‘eed Sore oor susces Bk the ‘and shoul be replaced VQ pump flex plates Fox plats ply hay een VO pune ‘perton Th onze sare of hese ‘ats rial to roprpetrmance, Normal discoloration ‘This fo plate splays pial aunt ‘houdhave no eft on pumpSevere aeration damage “The erosion onthe VO ex late was Caived by colaped ai bbls (aera) nen ne tt prt metering ethos Ite damage an o0 sore the lai can be esuroced oa Instn 005" f matter The lox plta sown hare Is caraged so Posy hat young ean na ongor bo one Reworkable flex plate “The erosion on ths pate oss severe {ane resiiaea and sed ‘tough te some daca 10Darkening and erosion Damage ike that sae hares the est tl excossie sytem omperative Aer this pebie has boen corte, he fee cariége shou be replace, Piston Pump Failures Cylinder block “Tho inal oyna bores win 2 cinder blac ae prone io excess ‘wear andar Thican be gue ty "nck fey net, oon Contaminants, Cynder Bock wth worn ‘or sored bres shold news be reused Tepe ota pdr cat ona th ve pla ‘red or pid de om peaing Condor sun se aeration, ‘hataton, contamination, and igh ‘Site trpeatre Top surface scoring “Thi pict shows idence of soonng (be dequattyresies frog or Sandstrom coat) Batre rouseValve plate (he plates sown hee® Surtace scoring The wah ple surface can bac Ineudingcomaminaton. Scored stares Ih the ane ths pice cn be resuacos upto -O15 ewok he Imetaingnotehos a coresponeing ‘oun The resurfaced plete shuld then be reveated per epoctieaton (rompared Note atte bearing ‘must romoves por oan were Large particle damage “Ti va plate was bay gouged by large pecs erg mater 8Piston/shoe subassembly Ita plston sas heiress are not tain prenerba s the (utotierence shoes ray expriores “ting. Ananer possible cause of shoe “tsp caviaton. Eventual the ‘Boo rnay coe comply of piston “ndiictetasvepic damage piston head contamination damage Shoes can ao become bose onthe piston neod asa result oovreseorng Eating kor contaminasn. OH S008 ‘Shout neverbe ve swodged “Roting” ‘Sos and cavisonprosuce arog” sto rt rounds othe sos ed ‘Rntne sete le sorpg one shoe ‘ace, dentin is pict. “Comparison for reuse “epson onthe gt has obvious nage sd eho be eplscea The one nine et however, alte good ‘andton an canbe used apa Swash plate Evidence of shoe itt ‘Smash pats can ls beamed by tho Ing and oligo ton shoes, 88 ‘oun here. The sutae otha swash Ba can be regu to." maximum, tua he be erilorperes 6Severe swash plate damage ‘Ths peur shows he nd of pounlng that happna whan a hoo comes ‘cargletaly oft piston Ths pale cant be rowoned and musi be eraped, Shoe plate More liting damage “The ales of shoe ling ago appear on Ine shoe pss wie apparent hs Piet his tout not be como rea hat suppers tho phone! racers la cause fr hoe plate tjecton,Yoke Shattered yoke “Tha bots ta seat he pins toe Joke ae subject in conseuous oaing [duncan es. propor lxaug of of i bats or an usual Mh ftequancy of eednfudosang can couse Doin ana yoke broakago, as son ore 1°_ Shaft Failures Vane and piston pump shafts Pump sna aus ae geneaty ‘nus by repoaod sess Like a chala IRat is ony a song a5 ts weakest ink, ‘alt damage west whan the Sesser encountered at he weakest Ponto he shat tally ozo Seengh. ‘Tce ao tw primary types of mot ‘atue that re response fr most rp as ares roitena ending ‘Segue ond torsional ftgue Rotational bending fatigue “ssh oko ean at 90" angle tots ai ofan, This typeof ie 'S. ae eatonal benangabgue ‘aly uses misabgnmant between the (ur an is pe mover that makes ‘he chat x sight with each revouton Fractires i th usually Sirens hate at est party orpendeua lo the sala. hace Weak pons nthe shat can tue ‘pooves lt, and hls, ‘The sat shown bare has the Hole mans ypety fours ih eaters enang farguefases These mars indete at esha was uneven loseed or unbalanced. Te soci sa nar he edge where the acre Sari. The cuved ples gat aduaty course, ih a rugh ne spot ‘there the shat nay ruptured aTorsional fatigue “ree i was caused by tional fabgue Ti fatigue caused by to teresa generated aireg noma earn, ‘non es forces oe ropeatad {housandsor ean mor of mes, wth ‘ning aaas levels aad ees, ‘reuse shalt can simply wea ut “Torsional fue acres can take {arty of ses, dponding onthe hat ‘oumety and los drectn, Torsion fat abeysin ne sane aecton ‘un causes oo lng spa act a outa 4 anglto to ta xs, 08 ‘hon haeTroubleshooting Chart Ese STOW beng erences, Man wn cnn, Te < aoe oi ot ay CAUSES, The ‘ofowing pages Ist repars at may sna gacho he numbeced CAUSE @ ‘Snrrow i fate ‘pump, - ‘cause owas | “te eens = a =e: e 8 Far orsraneieo ary |< = < ee =a ——- ; : ¢ noun re a Helo ae ts 5 ——oSuggested Repairs 1. Restricted i Check ine fom esac pnp Bosure tars and svanars ae not ogged. 2. Air leaks: (0) At puro rst piping jit Tot ‘by poureg oon ots whi sing ‘orchanga in sound ot operon ‘Tit 8 regured [DyAtper shia tes pouring ol ‘on ha seal wh stoning fe Change in scund operation Fotow Imanfoeturerseommenaation ‘then changing pacing (ch Arden in tough nt pipe Speneg Check bea sicton ‘ert in reser Ado reserva stnocescary. 2. Air entrainment: Hol veiw of tun oe ‘czars insted ave ole ‘Srouboes wit form in li teeance Chek ol oval hd oaton of ret ine. 4, Reservoir air vent plugged: [Aleut be allowed be bethad ‘horesevor Clas orepoce rete 5, Pump rotation or speed Incorrect: Some pumps wl delve ol ver ‘nae ange ot peed ers must {rn a ecamerandea poed og spprecibe flow it in out speed recomended by mandacturer, ‘han, speed courte posse, ‘heck speed of pump I speeds ‘eng ok or Wout srg moor Some types of pumps ean {Univ tner recon what ‘eusing camage thos a6 ‘eax turn inane decton ‘ny Check bos, poy, ess, moor connaciona Reversed ead {2nphase meters ae most ‘common cause of wang tan. 6 Oll viscosity too high: otis tooesy, some types of pump carnet po up prin. You an moke wey rough check ot ‘ecoryby ret gting som ot nt ‘shnounto have comoct ccs 2 “Tan, wh both eat ame ‘seen Check sane innaks ferporalie pour ana qua of ach ine Osco maybe to hgh ‘though smalfnnel Hoar ot Check econmentations, sev to notcenyenger tatoo Shaigh Ot hrgiohemy cand 4 Pump malfunction: (goatham to dau syne Serial amanteonset Wt prestire gage seo ‘viscosity. ae _system just beyond relief valve. tno. Siprecble presse evoaped Srtvle vee OX took or il viscosity too low: seers eae Check pure marutacer's Peplace wom obckan pas. ‘ecommandaton, Ol wih antvoat ‘gent needed 15 Roliof valve not functioning properly: Filter or strainer too dirty OF ave sein nat igh eno filter too small: perease sting ovale, Fite and iar must be kot ‘ate ean ‘Sean enough to pera adcaucto ——_~ Chock sel for sure mark nt ow: Check tr eapaciy Be sure repeat. rng oe! va broken “paplace sng and roadust ‘abe, 16 Incorrect control valve Solting (stort Pump out tine with reesnons amen openconter deacon conta, Seeausedy temperature varion nau posto, wil return 0 (Coup may ot have bean reer that meeting ny Inealed pope orbek enon my Spprecaboresitanes and very ie beinconect reir ibe deveped. Scores nota pistons ae cynsors ‘Pump head too loose, or ‘an eaves is woul. Repace we faulty head gasket: pats “Testy pouring a oer Noa, ao eee sao 17-Intemal leakage in valves, ee cylinders, or pumps: Deterrinelcaton Progessiely Pump head too tight: ‘oak of vaous parse cet Folow marfecrr‘srnncions 4. Excessive pressure above Ussembied aor overlay be ‘maximum pump rating: fscombied oo ign This reducee Chek oo regulator valve ‘Searanese and neeseaertbing anu slong, 19. Low fluid level in reservoir: ‘Stuck pump vane (wane ype recommended and hack pune) Iovton bot ides ofan ato Inspector wedged chips orseky of! ba cartan pump suston noe sna ve-essonae ‘iomarged. It supe oto ess ‘i we aval cary aay st Cavitation (ormaton of vacuum SE Much heat This wi cause risen eee ‘erga, especialy n ‘machines waht aoe Be ‘heck for logged or etrted comaenerece ak ne, plaged vent 92. Po 26. Packing worn or damaged: “Tite packing andor placa packing Tuble may be caused by Sivas ino te suspctd, Irak thorough check o pons there abrasives may be entering System Fluid contaminated with dirt ‘orwater: ‘naa adequate or eae ‘rater nd comet Oil cooler clogged: (on any machine equipped with cove high temperares ae probably expered Tamper ‘hat un igh array go even Fight oi cole paceapes ae logge. clogged cots on, trytobiow tout th comrossed sir Isobe nt work, ry sent. Restricted lines: ‘Oreck tr cnpeine oF Reservoir too small (ay vera ora 0 provi ‘logan cooing) plac with gor reserve, oF Valve deposits: opai orplce vas, Usually caused by high socrent eal fa Pilot pressure too low: rma rine abou $0 pt. Consult nancies inst, Electrical solenoid problems: ake eect epi Loosened fittings: “Titan rosea or pace O-eng. present Check ngs ks of ‘racks orimoroperstalaton 28. Dried or worn seals or a Orringe: opie oon worn components Swechirg ‘sears ol may hap Line Breakage: Hose cotiguaton ‘Check forts, ht band, sage, {nla hve support, ese ality = Cheap nose usualy has short le Possible opto abuse ~ ira spel ing or arma. inspector covet se, an chock terkeked or crimped oseom ‘seman E.TeN | Vickers ferme oo