Distor, Trishia Nicole M.

Theology

Monarchial Period

Before the Jewish kingdom was formed, the Jews were led by officers known as judges. Among
these were the warrior Gideon, the great judge Deborah, and Samson, known for his long hair
and feats of strength Threatened by the Philistines and resolved to renew their relationship
with God, the Israeli tribes were unified under Saul of the tribe of Benjamin around 1023 B.C.
Saul helped build a powerful nation and won many victories. His reign ended when he and his
son Jonathon were killed in a battle with the Philistines.

According to the BBC: “This was the beginning of Judaism as a structured religion The Jews,
under God’s guidance became a powerful people with kings such as Saul, David, and Solomon,
who built the first great temple. From then on Jewish worship was focussed on the Temple, as
it contained the Ark of the Covenant, and was the only place where certain rites could be
carried out.” [Source: BBC]

At first the Hebrew monarchy was very powerful. The height of ancient Israel was between
1000 and 930 B.C. when David and Solomon forged the Hebrew tribes into a small but strong
state. Then the Hebrew monarchy was split into two weaker kingdoms---Israel and Judea---
which were conquered and ruled by Assyrians, Babylonians and Persians. The Jewish kingdom
returned again between 162 and 48 B.C., until they were surmounted again, this time by
Romans.

Major Periods of the Monarchical Period in Israel ca. 1000-587 B.C.: Monarchical period in Israel
ca. 1030-1010 B.C.: Saul (transitional king)
ca. 1010-970 B.C.: David conquers the Jebusites and makes Jerusalem his capital
ca. 970-931 B.C.: Solomon builds the First Temple on Mount Moriah
[Source: Jewish Virtual Library, UC Davis, Fordham University]

Major Events, Figures and Episodes from the Ancient Monarchical Period of Judaism
Samuel, the seer-prophet.
Philistines battle the Hebrews.
the battle of Aphek, the loss of the Ark and the return of the Ark, the destruction of Shiloh.
The Ammonites attack and are beaten by Saul.
Saul is crowned king, the beginning of the kingdom. David enters Saul's court, Saul battles
Philistines, David becomes an outlaw, Saul and Jonathan are killed.
Ishba'al becomes king in Israel.

David becomes king in Judah.

David unites Israel and Judah.
David conquers Jerusalem.
David brings the Ark to Jerusalem.
David extends the boundaries of the kingdom.
Absalom revolts and is killed, Adonijah revolts and is killed
Solomon becomes co-regent until David's death.
Solomon builds the temple and palace, Jeroboam revolts and is exiled, The saga of the nation,
the Davidic history and law codes are written down
Solomon dies.
Jeroboam returns from exile.
The kingdom splits in two.
Egypt is too weak from the war with the Sea People and the loss of Palestine to exercise much
authority. <=>
Egypt begins to grow in strength
Assyrian expansion begins under Tiglath Pileser I (ca. 1116-1078 B.C.); campaigns in Anatolia
and Phoenicia.
Later, Assyrian power declines; Phoenicia begins to expand by sea.

Source: https://factsanddetails.com/world/cat55/sub389/entry-5706.html