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Chemical Reactions Booklet - Shobhit Nirwan
Chemical Reactions Booklet - Shobhit Nirwan
DESIGNED
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
& EQUATIONS
NEW NOTES FOR CLASS 10 2022 EXAMS
Chemical Equation
and formulae of the reactants and products are used for the same.
A chemical equation in which the number of atoms of each element on reactant side
is equal to that of product side. Balancing of chemical equation is done to follow the
chemical reaction').
The method used for balancing chemical equations is called hit and trial method(i.e.
Jugaad) as we make trials to balance the equation by using the smallest whole
number coefficient.
Step 3: Once again check the number of atoms of each element on both sides.
∵
Step 4: Balancing Hydrogen atom by multiplying H2 with 4 ( 4H2 ⟶8 atoms)
Fe + 4(H2O) ⟶ Fe3O4 + 4(H2)
Now,
Hold the magnesium ribbon with a pair of tongs , and start heating its other end.
on its surface which is formed by the slow action of oxygen of air on it. So, before
burning in air, the magnesium ribbon is cleaned by rubbing with a sand paper. This is
done to remove the protective layer of magnesium oxide from the surface of
magnesium ribbon so that it may readily combine with the oxygen of air (on heating).
ribbon is harmful to the eyes. So, the magnesium ribbon should be burned by keeping
⟶ CaO + CO2
ᅀ ᅀ⟶
eg: CaCO3 + Heat
Exothermic Reactions: Reactions in which heat is released along with the formation
conditions in a balanced chemical equation. So, we can leave that step until it is
NCERT ACTIVITY
(AASAN BHASHA MEI)
Formation of Precipitate
beaker).
__________________________________________________________
ans- B
NCERT ACTIVITY
(AASAN BHASHA MEI)
Chemical Reactions that evolve Gases AND RIse In Temperature
As You will see the bubbles of HYDROGEN GAS forming around the zinc metal
We verified that it is Hydrogen gas because its bubbles burnt with pop sound
Also, if we will touch the flask with our hands we will see that it is too HOT.
So we get to know that along with evolution of gas temperature also rises in
__________________________________________________________
Question from SQP 2021 issued by CBSE:
ans- B
Types of Chemical reaction
1. COMBINATION REACTION:
In a combination reaction, two or more reactants combine to give a single product.
slowly with CO2 in the air to form a thin layer of calcium carbonate, on the walls which give a shiny
appearance to the walls. Finally, after 2 to 3 days of whitewashing, calcium carbonate is formed
2. DECOMPOSITION REACTION:
In a decomposition reaction, a single reactant breaks down into two or more simpler
are of 3 types:
reactant
Examples :
ᅀ
dioxide:
b. Ferrous sulphate the green colour crystals FeSO4 • 7H2O on heating loose water
oxide, sulphur dioxide SO2 and sulphur trioxide SO3. Ferric oxide is a solid while SO2
of water of crystallisation. These crystals are green in colour. When the green
sulphate (FeSO4) which is white in colour. And then this anhydrous ferrous
sulphate decomposes to give ferric oxide, sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide. In
the above equation, we have written ferrous sulphate crystals without water of
NCERT ACTIVITY
(AASAN BHASHA MEI)
Decomposition reaction of ferrous sulphate.
As the green colour first changes to White And then Finally a Brown Solid is
So the main observation of this activity is that the smell of burning Sulphur
comes out along with the colour change from Green to White and then Brown.
Take about 2 grams of lead nitrate powder in a boiling tube. Lead nitrate is a
colourless compound.
Hold the boiling tube in a test-tube holder and heat it over a burner.
Brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide gas are evolved which fill the boiling tube.
If a glowing splinter is held over the mouth of the boiling tube, it catches fire and
starts burning again. This shows that oxygen gas is also evolved during this
reaction.
A yellow solid is left behind in the boiling tube. This is lead monoxide (Please
note that lead monoxide is reddish-brown when hot but yellow when cold).
reactant molecules.
Examples:
and hydrogen
Examples:
a. When silver chloride is exposed to sunlight, it decomposes to give silver metal and
chloride gas
b. Similarly, silver bromide gives silver metal and bromine gas in the presence of
sunlight.
⟶ 2Ag(s) + Br2(g)
2AgBr(s)
NOTE:- This reaction of Silver Halides are used in Black and White Photography.
NCERT ACTIVITY
(AASAN BHASHA MEI)
Decomposition of silver chloride is caused by light
We will find that white silver chloride turns greyish white (due to the formation of
silver metal).
Silver bromide also behaves in the same way as silver chloride with light energy.
3. DISPLACEMENT REACTION:-
The reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from
displacement.
EXAMPLES:
a. Zinc bring more reactive than Cu, displaces Cu from CuSO4 solution and forms
(colourless)
b. Similarly, Iron being more reactive than Cu displaces copper from aqueous
Now take a big iron nail and clean it same like u did with Magnesium Ribbon
Now put the iron nail in the solution and then see the magic.
After sometime like half an hour we will see that the iron nail would be covered
So Finally we will see that the original Deep blue colour has faded and the
The reaction in which two different irons or groups of atoms in the reactant
Examples -
And the magic we see is now of White colour as a White Precipitate is left over in
4. OXIDATION:
A substance (on the reactant side) is said to be oxidised if Oxygen is added
OR
Hydrogen is Removed from it after the reaction and the process is called oxidation
NCERT ACTIVITY
(AASAN BHASHA MEI)
Oxidation of copper to copper oxide
Heat the china dish strongly over a burner (see Figure 55).
5. REDUCTION:
A substance (on the reactant side) is said to be reduced if Oxygen is removed
OR
Hydrogen is added to it after the reaction and the process is called reduction.
Eg:- H2 + F2 ⟶ HF (Here F2 is reduced due to addition of hydrogen)
6. REDOX REACTION:
Reaction in which oxidation and reduction both take place simultaneously.
Also,
In a redox reaction substance getting oxidised is called a Reducing agent.
And, the substance getting reduced is called an Oxidising agent.
EFFECTS OF OXIDATION
1. CORROSION : जंग लगा लोहे में.
When a metal is attacked by substances around it such as moisture acid, air, water, etc.
It is said to corrode & this process is called corrosion.
Eg:- Rusting of metal, blackening of silver, green coating on copper. It causes damage to
bridges, iron railing, ships, car bodies and all objects made of metals (specially those
which are made up of iron)
2. RANCIDITY:
Oxidation of fat and oils in the food items result in a change in the taste and smell. We
say those food items are rancid and the process is called rancidity.
Ans-A
Ans-C
Ans- C
11.Photosynthesis is ? (20011,1M)
A. Endothermic B.Exothermic
C. Both A and B D.None of the above
12.Copper vessels loose shine when exposed to air due to which
reaction? (1M, 2017)
A. 2Cu + 02- › Cu2O
› CuO
B. Cu + 02-
C. 2Cu + 02-› 2CuO
D. None of the above
→
FeSO4.7H2O upon heating . (2012)
→
A. 2FeSO4(s) Fe2O3(s)+SO2(g)+SO3(g)
→
B. FeSO4(s) Fe2O3(s)+SO2(g)+H2SO4(g)
C. 2FeSO4(s) Fe2O3(s)+SO2(g)+SO3(g)+H2O(l)
D. None of the above
20.Zinc reacts with silver nitrate to produce zinc nitrate and silver. Give
the chemical reaction and its type. (2019)
A. Zn(s) + 2AgNO2(s)- › Zn(NO3)2 + 2Ag, Decomposition Reaction
B. Zn(s) + 2AgNO3(s)-› Zn(NO3)2 + 2Ag, Displacement Reaction
C.Zn(s) + AgNO3(s)-› Zn(NO3)2 + Ag, Displacement Reaction
D.Zn(s) + 2AgNO3(s)-› Zn(NO3)2 + 2Ag, Decomposition Reaction
(B)
(i) CH4 + 202- › CO2 + 2H20
(ii) 2FeSo4.7H200 (heat ) Fe203 + SO2 + SO3 + 14H20