Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Natural language processing (NLP) refers to the branch of computer science—and more
specifically, the branch of artificial intelligence or AI—concerned with giving computers the
ability to understand text and spoken words in much the same way human beings can.
NLP combines computational linguistics—rule-based modeling of human language—with
statistical, machine learning, and deep learning models.
NLP drives computer programs that translate text from one language to another, respond to
spoken commands, and summarize large volumes of text rapidly—even in real time.
A few examples of NLP that we use every day are:

 Spell check
 Autocomplete
 Voice text messaging
 Spam filters
 Related keywords on search engines
 Siri, Alexa, or Google Assistant

Several NLP tasks break down human text and voice data in ways that help the computer
make sense of what it's ingesting. Some of these tasks include the following:
1. Speech recognition, also called speech-to-text, is the task of reliably converting voice
data into text data.
2. Part of speech tagging, also called grammatical tagging, is the process of
determining the part of speech of a particular word or piece of text based on its use
and context.
3. Named entity recognition, or NEM, identifies words or phrases as useful entities.
NEM identifies ‘Kentucky’ as a location or ‘Fred’ as a man's name.
4. Sentiment analysis attempts to extract subjective qualities—attitudes, emotions,
sarcasm, confusion, suspicion—from text.
5. Natural language generation is sometimes described as the opposite of speech
recognition or speech-to-text
Examples:

IBM
IBM has innovated in the artificial intelligence space by pioneering NLP-driven tools and
services that enable organizations to automate their complex business processes while
gaining essential business insights.

Watson Discovery - Surface high-quality answers and rich insights from the complex
enterprise documents - tables, PDFs, big data and more - with AI search. Enable the
employees to make more informed decisions and save time with real-time search engine
and text mining capabilities that perform text extraction and analyze relationships and
patterns buried in unstructured data. Watson Discovery leverages custom NLP models and
machine learning methods to provide users with AI that understands the unique language of
their industry and business.
Watson Natural Language Understanding (NLU) - Analyze text in unstructured data formats
including HTML, webpages, social media, and more. Increase your understanding of human
language by leveraging this natural language tool kit to identify concepts, keywords,
categories, semantics, and emotions, and to perform text classification, entity extraction,
named entity recognition (NER), sentiment analysis, and summarization.
Amazon Comprehend
Amazon Comprehend is a natural language processing (NLP) service that uses ML to extract
meaning and insights in text.
You can use it to identify the language of the text, people, extract key phrases, understand
sentiment about products or services, and find the relevant topics from a library of
documents.
The source of this text could be social media feeds, web pages, emails, or articles.
You can also feed Comprehend a set of text documents, and it will find topics (or group of
words) that best show the information in the collection.
The output from Comprehend can be analyzed to understand customer feedback, give a
better search experience through search filters, and uses topics to classify documents.

Benefits Of Amazon Comprehend

 Get Better Answers From Your Textual Content

 Prepare Documents By Means Of Topics
 Train models on your own dataset
 Support for general and industry-specific text

Use case of Amazon Comprehend

Voice of customer analytics: You can use Comprehend to figure out customer
interactions in the form of social media posts, support emails, telephone transcriptions,
online comments, etc., and identify what factors make the most positive and negative
experiences.
Semantic search: To provide an cutting-edge search experience with Comprehend by
allowing your search engine to key entities, phrases, and sentiments.
Knowledge management and discovery: Comprehend can use to categorize and
organize your documents by topic for easier discovery, and then illustrate content
recommendations for readers by recommending other articles similar to the same topic.
Classify support tickets: with the customs classification you automatically categorize
inbound customer support documents, such as support tickets, online feedback forms,
forum posts, and product reviews based on their content.