TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ HUẾ

KHOA TIẾNG ANH

HOMEWORK

READING PRACTICE 1 - READING

PRACTICE 10

Giáo viên hướng dẫn: Trần Nhã Quân

Họ và tên sinh viên: Phan Thị Thanh Thuận
Mã sinh viên: 20F7510390
Lớp : Anh K17J
Học Phần: Đọc 3
Nhóm: 08
Mã học phần: 2021-2022.1.ANH4112.008

Huế, tháng 12 năm 2021

READING PRACTICE 1
Question 1 - 6
The reading passage has several paragraphs, A – H. Which paragraph contains the
following information?
Write the correct letter, A – H. You may use any letter more than once.

1. Types of people who need to read more quickly -B

2. The fastest reading speed -A
3. How a reader can become confused -G
4. Why reading material should be interesting -H
5. A definition of speeding reading -A
6. What you should consider before you start reading - C
Pressure (n) : áp lực
Asssignment (n): sự phân công, công việc được giao cho S.O
To deal with sth : to take action in order to achieve something or in order to
solve a problem
Ignore (v): phớt lờ, bỏ qua
Irrelevant : không liên quan
Circuit: mạch điện, mạng lưới, chu vi…
Arrangement (n): sự sắp xếp, chỉnh đốn
Instant: lập tức, khẩn cấp
Irregular: không thường xuyên
Comprehend: hiểu rõ, gồm, bao hàm

Question 1 - 13
Complete the table below
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Chunking
Type of reader Reading method Effect of method on
reader
Skilled reader ● Many 7. words in ● Reader’s 8. eyes
a block do less work
 ● Reader hardly ever ● More 9. ……. is
goes back processed
10. slow reader ● Small blocks ● Reader easily get
● Reader 11. often 12. tired
goes back ● Finds it hard to
13. concentrate
on passage

Question 14 – 15
14. What problems do you have reading in English?
While reading and understanding a certain passage in English, I can't translate
the meaning of the sentence quickly in my head, but I have to translate it word
by word and then put it back together
15. What can you do to improve your reading?
I think I should learn more vocabulary, practice reading short passages more to
improve that.
 READING PRACTICE 2

Read about Parkour and freerunning, then answer the questions.

The World of Parkour

In 1902, a volcano in the Caribbean island of Martinique blew up. A French naval officer on the
scene, Lt. George Hébert managed to coordinate the rescue of over 700 people, both indigenous
and European. He noticed, as he did so, how people moved, some well, some badly, around the
obstacles in their path, and how this affected their chances of survival. Hébert had traveled
widely and was well aware of the skills many indigenous people exhibited in being able to
traverse the natural environment. From these experiences, Hébert developed a training
discipline which he called ‘the natural method’ in which climbing, jumping, and running
techniques were used to negotiate obstacles. His method was adopted by the French military
and became the basis for all their training. In time, it became known as parcours du combattant
– the path of the warrior.
Raymond Belle was a practitioner of parkour in Vietnam in the 1950s. He had great athletic
ability, and the skills and agility he had learned through parkour earned him a reputation as an
agile and elite soldier. In later life, he returned to France and passed on his skills to his son,
David, who combined what he had learned from his father with his own knowledge of martial
arts and gymnastics, and in time, the sport of parkour was born.
Parkour involves a range of ‘moves’, although none are official. They involve vaulting, jumping,
and landing accurately on small and narrow features, catching ledges, traversing high walls, and
landing with a rolling impact to absorb impacts.
Belle formed a group of traceurs called the Yamikasi, meaning ‘strong man, strong spirit’, that
included his friend, Sebastian Foucan. In time, the two of them started to follow different paths.
Belle concentrated on the art of getting from place to place in the most efficient way possible,
while Foucan developed his own style which involved more self-expression. This he termed
freerunning.
From the late 1990s, the art and sport of parkour spread worldwide. Both Belle and Foucan gave
interviews and appeared on television. In 2003, filmmaker Mike Christie made the film Jump
London, and urban freerunning, or freeflow, began to dominate the London scene. But it was
the arrival of YouTube in 2005 that really brought freerunning to a global audience. People
around the world began to post their videos online, making freerunning a mainstream sport, and
in 2007, the first major freerunning and parkour competition was held in Vienna.
Since parkour values freedom, there are few facilities dedicated to the practice. Traceurs use
both rural and urban areas, typically parks, offices, and abandoned buildings. Traceurs generally
respect the environment they practice in, and since part of their philosophy is ‘leave no trace’,
there have been few concerns over damage to property. However, law enforcement and fire and
rescue teams argue that free runners are risking their lives needlessly., especially when they
practice at height. However, practitioners argue that injuries are rare, because they rely on their
own hands and feet rather than things out of their immediate control, such as ice and wheels, as
is the case with skiing and race-driving.
- coordinate (n) toạ độ
- coordinate the rescue : phối hợp giải cứu
- indigenous (adj) bản địa
- obstacles (n) chướng ngại vật
- exhibit (n) triễn lãm
- discipline (n) kỷ luật
- negotiate (v) đàm phán
- adopted by (v) được thông qua, được áp dụng
- reputation (n) danh tiếng
- agile (adj) nhanh nhẹn
- elite (adj) thượng lưu
- martial arts (n) võ thuật
- law enforcement (n) hành pháp

1 George Hebert developed parcour du combattant because...

A. he saw native people doing it in Martinique.
B. he saw how it could save lives. (In 1902, a volcano in the Caribbean island of Martinique
blew up. A French naval officer on the scene, Lt. George Hébert managed to coordinate
the rescue of over 700 people, both indigenous and European. He noticed, as he did so,
how people moved, some well, some badly, around the obstacles in their path, and how
this affected their chances of survival.)

C. he saw how the French were poor at negotiating obstacles.

2 The natural method...

A. was replaced by Hebert’s new discipline.
B. was taught to Hebert by indigenous people.
 C. was widely practiced by the French military. ( His method was adopted by the French
military and became the basis for all their training)

3 Raymond Belle...
A. was trained by George Hebert.
B. gave the discipline its new name.
C. was a notable practitioner of the natural method. (Raymond Belle was a practitioner of
parkour in Vietnam in the 1950s. He had great athletic ability, and the skills and agility he
had learned through parkour earned him a reputation as an agile and elite soldier.)

4 David Belle...
A. brought in moves from other disciplines. ( David, who combined what he had learned
from his father with his own knowledge of martial arts and gymnastics)
B. also learned parkour while in the French military.
C. learned parkour from his father in Vietnam.

5 A traceur is...
A. a parkour move.
B. someone who practices parkour.
C. an obstacle in a parkour course.

6 Freerunning differs from parkour in that...

A. it is faster.
B. it is more creative. (Foucan developed his own style which involved more self-expression.
This he termed freerunning.)
C. it is more efficient.

7 What brought parkour and freerunning to an international audience?

A. TV appearances and interviews
B. a British documentary
 C. a video sharing website (it was the arrival of YouTube in 2005 that really brought
freerunning to a global audience)

8 According to practitioners, where is the best place to do parkour or free-running?

A. in cities
B. in safe facilities
C. wherever you like (Traceurs use both rural and urban areas, typically parks, offices, and
abandoned buildings.)

9 Which of the following is NOT true about freerunning?

A. There are a large number of reported injuries. (practitioners argue that injuries are rare)

B. There are now international competitions.

C. Practitioners often cause damage to public property.

10 Parkour and freerunning practitioners...

A. require a lot of equipment.
B. rely on their own bodies.(they rely on their own hands and feet rather than things out of
their immediate control)
C. avoid taking risks.
 READING PRACTICE 3

BURGLARY AND HOW TO AVOID IT

A recent survey of crime statistics shows that we are all more likely to be burgled now
than 20 years ago and the police advise everyone to take a few simple precautions to
protect their homes.
The first fact is that burglars and other intruders prefer easy opportunities, like a house
which is very obviously empty. This is much less of a challenge than an occupied house,
and one which is well-protected. A burglar will wonder if it is worth the bother.
There are some general tips on how to avoid your home becoming another crime statistic.
Avoid leaving signs that your house is empty. When you have to go out, leave at least one
light on as well as a radio or television, and do not leave any curtains wide open. The sight
of your latest music centre or computer is enough to tempt any burglar.
Never leave a spare key in a convenient hiding place. The first place a burglar will look is
under the doormat or in a flower pot and even somewhere more 'imaginative' could soon
be uncovered by the intruder. It is much safer to leave a key with a neighbour you can
trust. But if your house is in a quiet, desolate area be aware that this will be a burglar's
dream, so deter any potential criminal from approaching your house by fitting security
lights to the outside of your house.
But what could happen if, in spite of the aforementioned precautions, a burglar or
intruder has decided to target your home? Windows are usually the first point of entry
for many intruders. Downstairs windows provide easy access while upstairs windows can
be reached with a ladder or by climbing up the drainpipe. Before going to bed you should
double-check that all windows and shutters are locked. No matter how small your
windows may be, it is surprising what a narrow gap a determined burglar can manage to
get through. For extra security, fit window locks to the inside of the window.
What about entry via doors? Your back door and patio doors, which are easily forced
open, should have top-quality security locks fitted. Even though this is expensive it will be
money well spent. Install a burglar alarm if you can afford it as another line of defence
against intruders.
A sobering fact is that not all intruders have to break and enter into a property. Why go
to the trouble of breaking in if you can just knock and be invited in? Beware of bogus
officials or workmen and, particularly if you are elderly, fit a chain and an eye hole so you
can scrutinise callers at your leisure. When you do have callers never let anybody into
your home unless you are absolutely sure they are genuine. Ask to see an identity card,
for example.
If you are in the frightening position of waking in the middle of the night and think you
can hear an intruder, then on no account should you approach the intruder. Far better to
telephone the police and wait for help.

Statistics (n) số liệu thống kê

Burgled (v) ăn trộm
Precautions (n) các biện pháp phòng ngừa
Intruders (n) những kẻ xâm nhập
intrude (v) xâm phạm
Occupied (v) chiếm lĩnh
Curtains (n) rèm cửa
desolate area (n) khu vực hoang vắng
deter (v) ngăn cản
approaching (v) đến gần
 aforementioned đã nói ở trên
ladder (n) thang
sobering (adj) nghiêm túc
genuine (adj) thành thật
predictable (adj) có thể đoán trước

● Questions 1-6

1) A well-protected house
A. is less likely to be burgled. (P2_L2+3)
B. is regarded as a challenge by most criminals.
C. is a lot of bother to maintain.
D. is very unlikely to be burgled.

2) According to the writer, we should:

A. avoid leaving our house empty.
B. only go out when we have to.
C. always keep the curtains closed.
D. give the impression that our house is occupied when we go out. (P3_L2)

3) The writer thinks that hiding a key under a doormat or flower pot:
A. is a predictable place to hide it. (P4)
B. is a useful place to hide it.
C. is imaginative.
 D. is where you always find a spare key.

4) Gaining entry to a house through a small window:

A. is surprisingly difficult.
B. is not as difficult as people think. (P5_L2)
C. is less likely to happen than gaining entry through a door.
D. is tried only by very determined burglars.

5) According to the writer, window locks, security locks and burglar alarms:
A. cost a lot of money but are worth it. (P6_L2+3)
B. are good value for money.
C. are luxury items.
D. are absolutely essential items.

6) The writer argues that fitting a chain and an eyehole:

A. will prevent your home from being burgled.
B. avoids you having to invite people into your home.
C. is only necessary for elderly people.
D. gives you time to check if the visitor is genuine. (P7)

● For Questions 7-14, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals to form a
word that fits in the gap. There is an example at the beginning. Example:
 (0) CRITICISM

Dress Code
UK companies have received (0) criticism (CRITIC) from a business forum for what their
report refers to as a rather narrow-minded attitude towards the dress code for office
workers. This follows a case in which a male (7) employee (EMPLOY) working in the post
room of a large company in the United Kingdom received a (8) suspension (SUSPEND) for
wearing jeans to work. Whilst the report accepts that there is a need for people dealing
with (9) customers (CUSTOM) to look well dressed, it questions whether employees who
work behind the scenes necessarily need to dress formally. The authors of the report
made a (10) comparison (COMPARE) between the UK and other European nations where
employers seem (11) unconcerned (CONCERN) about the need for their workers to wear
smart clothes in the office. Their (12) argument (ARGUE) is based on research that claims
workers are far more (13) productive (PRODUCT) when they have the (14) freedom
(FREE) to dress in a way that they feel most comfortable in.

CRITIC (n) nhà phê bình

EMPLOY (v) thuê
SUSPEND (v) đình chỉ
CUSTOM (n) tập quán
COMPARE (v) so sánh, đối chiếu
CONCERN (n) liên quan
ARGUE (v) tranh cãi, biện hộ
FREE (adj) độc lập, miễn phí
PRODUCT (n) sản phẩm
READING PRACTICE 4
 Objective (adj) Mục tiêu
Involvement (n) Sự tham gia
Feasibility (n) Tính khả thi
Beyond (adj) Vượt ra ngoài
Constraint (n) Hạn chế
Withstand (v) Chịu được
Necessity (n) Sự cần thiết
Sustain (v) Duy trì
Devastated (adj) Bị tàn phá
Unremittingly (adv) Không ngừng
Hostile (adj) Thù nghịch
Undergone (v) Trải qua
Accumulate (v) Tích trữ
Syndrome (n) hội chứng
Ultimately (adv) Cuối cùng
Calcium (n) Canxi
Digestive (adj) Tiêu hóa

Question 1-6:
The reading passage has seven paragraphs A - G.
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-G from the list of headings
below. Write the correct number (i - x) after questions 1 - 6.
 List of Headings

i. The problem of dealing with emergencies in space

ii. How space biomedicine can help patients on Earth
iii. Why accidents are so common in outer space
iv. What is space biomedicine?
v. The psychological problems of astronauts
vi. Conducting space biomedical research on Earth
vii. The internal damage caused to the human body by space travel
viii. How space biomedicine first began
ix. The visible effects of space travel on the human body
x. Why space biomedicine is now necessary

Example: Paragraph A - iv

1. Paragraph B -x
2. Paragraph C - ix
3. Paragraph D - vii
4. Paragraph E -i
5. Paragraph F - ii
6. Paragraph G - vi
Question 7 and 8: Answer the following questions using NO MORE THAN
THREE WORDS for each answer.

7. Where, apart from the Earth, can space travellers find water?
………Mars…………………………………….
8. What happens to human legs during space travel?
……..They become thiner……………………

Question 9-13: Do the following statements agree with the writer’s views in
Reading Passage 1? For questions 9-13, write:

YES - if the statement agrees with the writer’s views

NO - if the statement does not agree with the writer’s views
NOT GIVEN - if there is no information about this in the passage

9. The obstacles to going far into space are now medical, not technology. YES (P.B)
10. Astronauts cannot survive more than two years in space. NOT GIVEN
11. It is normally wrong to spend so much money on space biomedicine. NO (P.F)
12. Some kinds of surgery are more successful when performed in space. NOT GIVEN
13. Space biomedical research can only be done in space. NO
 READING PRACTICE 5

Attitudes to language

It is not easy to be systematic and objective about language study. Popular linguistic
debate regularly deteriorates into invective and polemic. Language belongs to everyone,
so most people feel they have a right to hold an opinion about it. And when opinions
differ, emotions can run high. Arguments can start as easily over minor points of usage as
over major policies of linguistic education.
Language, moreover, is a very public behaviour, so it is easy for different usages to be
noted and criticised. No part of society or social behaviour is exempt: linguistic factors
influence how we judge personality, intelligence, social status, educational standards, job
aptitude, and many other areas of identity and social survival. As a result, it is easy to
hurt, and to be hurt, when language use is unfeelingly attacked.
In its most general sense, prescriptivism is the view that one variety of language has an
inherently higher value than others, and that this ought to be imposed on the whole of
the speech community. The view is propounded especially in relation to grammar and
vocabulary, and frequently with reference to pronunciation. The variety which is
favoured, in this account, is usually a version of the 'standard' written language, especially
as encountered in literature, or in the formal spoken language which most closely reflects
this style. Adherents to this variety are said to speak or write 'correctly'; deviations from
it are said to be 'incorrect!
All the main languages have been studied prescriptively, especially in the 18th century
approach to the writing of grammars and dictionaries. The aims of these early
grammarians were threefold: (a) they wanted to codify the principles of their languages,
to show that there was a system beneath the apparent chaos of usage, (b) they wanted
a means of settling disputes over usage, and (c) they wanted to point out what they felt
to be common errors, in order to 'improve' the language. The authoritarian nature of the
approach is best characterised by its reliance on ‘rules' of grammar. Some usages are
'prescribed,' to be learnt and followed accurately; others are 'proscribed,' to be avoided.
In this early period, there were no half-measures: usage was either right or wrong, and it
was the task of the grammarian not simply to record alternatives, but to pronounce
judgement upon them.
These attitudes are still with us, and they motivate a widespread concern that linguistic
standards should be maintained. Nevertheless, there is an alternative point of view that
is concerned less with standards than with the facts of linguistic usage. This approach is
summarised in the statement that it is the task of the grammarian to describe, not
prescribe to record the facts of linguistic diversity, and not to attempt the impossible tasks
of evaluating language variation or halting language change. In the second half of the
18th century, we already find advocates of this view, such as Joseph Priestiey, whose
Rudiments of English Grammar (1761) insists that 'the custom of speaking is the original
and only just standard of any language! Linguistic issues, it is argued, cannot be solved by
logic and legislation. And this view has become the tenet of the modern linguistic
approach to grammatical analysis.
In our own time, the opposition between 'descriptivists' and 'prescriptivists' has often
become extreme, with both sides painting unreal pictures of the other. Descriptive
grammarians have been presented as people who do not care about standards, because
of the way they see all forms of usage as equally valid. Prescriptive grammarians have
been presented as blind adherents to a historical tradition. The opposition has even been
presented in quasi-political terms - of radical liberalism vs elitist conservatism.

Systematic (n) có hệ thống

Deteriorates (n) xấu đi
Invective (n) lời chửi rủa
Polemic (n) luận chiến
Criticised (adj) bị chỉ trích
Prescriptivism (n) chủ nghĩa kê đơn
Propounded (v) thúc đẩy
Favoured (adj) được ưu ái
Standard (n) Tiêu chuẩn
Encountered (v) đã gặp
Deviations (n) sai lệch
Prescriptively (n) theo quy định
Beneath (adj) ở trên
Authoritarian (adj) độc tài
half-measures (n) nửa số đo
widespread (adj) phổ biến rộng rãi
summarised (v) tóm tắt
variation (n) biến thể
descriptivists (n) nhà mô tả
prescriptivists (n) người kê đơn
 adherents (n) tín đồ
quasi-political (n) bán chính trị
liberalism (n) chủ nghĩa tự do
elitist (n) người theo thuyết tinh hoa
conservatism (n) chủ nghĩa bảo thủ

Questions 1-8
Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer In Reading Passage?

In boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
1. There are understandable reasons why arguments occur about language. (YES)
2. People feel more strongly about language education than about small
differences in language usage. (NO)
3. Our assessment of a person’s intelligence is affected by the way he or she uses
language. (YES)
4. Prescriptive grammar books cost a lot of money to buy in the 18th century.
(NOT GIVEN)
5. Prescriptivism still exists today. (YES)
6. According to descriptivists it is pointless to try to stop language change. (YES)
7. Descriptivism only appeared after the 18th century. (NO)
8. Both descriptivists and prescriptivists have been misrepresented.(YES)
Questions 9-12
Complete the summary using the list of words, A-I, below.

Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 9-12 on your answer sheet.

The language debate

According to 9 H. prescriptivists, there is only one correct form of language. Linguists
who take this approach to language place great importance on grammatical 10 F. rules
Conversely, the view of 11 A. descriptivists, such as Joseph Priestley, is that grammar
should be based on 12 C. popular speech

A. descriptivists B. language experts C. popular speech

D. formal language E. evaluation F. rules

G. modern linguists H. prescriptivists I. change

Questions 13
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Write the correct letter in box 13 on your answer sheet.

What is the writer’s purpose in Reading Passage?

A to argue in favour of a particular approach to writing dictionaries and grammar

books

B to present a historical account of differing views of language

C to describe the differences between spoken and written language

D to show how a certain view of language has been discredited

READING PRACTICE 6

Tourism
AA-
Tourism, holidaymaking, and travel are these days more significant social
phenomena than most commentators have considered. On the face of it, there
could not be a more trivial subject for a book. And indeed since social scientists have
had considerable difficulty explaining weightier topics, such as work or politics, it
might be thought that they would have great difficulties in accounting for more
trivial phenomena such as holidaymaking. However, there are interesting parallels
with the study of deviance. This involves the investigation of bizarre and
idiosyncratic social practices which happen to be defined as deviant in some
societies but not necessarily in others. The assumption is that the investigation of
deviance can reveal interesting and significant aspects of normal societies. It could
be said that a similar analysis can be applied to tourism.

B-
Tourism is a leisure activity which presupposes its opposite, namely regulated and
organised work. It is one manifestation of how work and leisure are organised as
separate and regulated spheres of social practice in modern societies. Indeed acting
as a tourist is one of the defining characteristics of being ‘modern’ and the popular
concept of tourism is that it is organised within particular places and occurs for
regularised periods of time. Tourist relationships arise from a movement of people
to, and their stay in, various destinations. This necessarily involves some movement,
that is the journey, and a period of stay in a new place or places. ‘The journey and
the stay’ are by definition outside the normal places of residence and work and are
of a short term and temporary nature and there is a clear intention to return ‘home’
within a relatively short period of time.

C-
A substantial proportion of the population of modern societies engages in such
tourist practices and new socialised forms of provision have developed in order to
cope with the mass character of the gazes of tourists as opposed to the individual
character of travel. Places are chosen to be visited and be gazed upon because there
is an anticipation especially through daydreaming and fantasy of intense pleasures,
either on a different scale or involving different senses from those customarily
encountered. Such anticipation is constructed and sustained through a variety of
non-tourist practices such as films, TV literature, magazines records, and videos
which construct and reinforce this daydreaming.
 engages tham gia
anticipation dự đoán
anticipation dự đoán
customarily theo phong tục

D-
Tourists tend to visit features of landscape and townscape which separate them off
from everyday experience. Such aspects are viewed because they are taken to be in
some sense out of the ordinary. The viewing of these tourist sights often involves
different forms of social patterning with a much greater sensitivity to visual
elements of landscape or townscape than is normally found in everyday life. People
linger over these sights in a way that they would not normally do in their home
environment and the vision is objectified or captured through photographs,
postcards, films and so on which enable the memory to be endlessly reproduced and
recaptured.

E-
One of the earliest dissertations on the subject of tourism is Boorstins analysis of the
pseudo event (1964) where he argues that contemporary Americans cannot
experience reality directly but thrive on pseudo events. Isolated from the host
environment and the local people the mass tourist travels in guided groups and finds
pleasure in inauthentic contrived attractions gullibly enjoying the pseudo events
and disregarding the real world outside. Over time the images generated of different
tourist sights come to constitute a closed self-perpetuating system of illusions
which provide the tourist with the basis for selecting and evaluating potential places
to visit. Such visits are made, says Boorstin, within the environmental bubble of the
familiar American-style hotel which insulates the tourist from the strangeness of the
host environment.
pseudo giả
contemporary đồng thời
inauthentic không xác thực
contrived có nguồn gốc
self-perpetuating tự duy trì
 illusions ảo tưởng
bubble bong bóng
strangeness sự kỳ lạ

F-
To service the burgeoning tourist industry, an array of professionals who have been
developed attempt to reproduce ever-new objects for the tourist to look at. These
objects or places are located in a complex and changing hierarchy. This depends
upon the interplay between, on the one hand, competition between interests
involved in the provision of such objects and, on the other hand changing class,
gender, and generational distinctions of taste within the potential population of
visitors. It has been said that to be a tourist is one of the characteristics of the
modern experience. Not to go away is like not possessing a car or a nice house.
Travel is a marker of status in modern societies and is also thought to be necessary
for good health. The role of the professional, therefore, is to cater for the needs and
tastes of the tourists in accordance with their class and overall expectations.

commentators bình luận viên

considered được xem xét
trivial không đáng kể
indeed thực vậy
investigation cuộc điều tra
phenomena hiện tượng
parallels song song
deviance sự lệch lạc
investigation cuộc điều tra
bizarre kỳ quái
idiosyncratic đặc trưng
considerable đáng kể
presuppose giả định trước
spheres quả cầu
separate riêng rẽ
manifestation biểu hiện
ordinary bình thường
sensitivity nhạy cảm
elements các yếu tố
recaptured chiếm lại

Questions 1-6
Reading Passage has 6 paragraphs (A-F).
Choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph from the list of headings
below.
Write the appropriate numbers (i-ix) in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.
NB There are more headings than paragraphs so you will not use all of them.
You may use any heading more than once.

List of Headings

i. The politics of tourism

 ii. The cost of tourism
iii. Justifying the study of tourism
iv. Tourism contrasted with travel
v. The essence of modern tourism
vi. Tourism versus leisure
vii. The artificiality of modern tourism
viii. The role of modern tour guides
ix. Creating an alternative to the everyday experience

1. Paragraph A - iii
2. Paragraph B - v
3. Paragraph C - iv
4. Paragraph D - ix
5. Paragraph E - vii
6. Paragraph F - viii

Questions 7-11
Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in the Reading
Passage? In boxes 7-11 write

YES if the statement agrees with the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

7. Tourism is a trivial subject. NO

8. An analysis of deviance can act as a model for the analysis of tourism. YES
9. Tourists usually choose to travel overseas. NOT GIVEN
10. Tourists focus more on places they visit than those at home. YES (P.D)
11. Tour operators try to cheat tourists. NOT GIVEN

Questions 11-14
Choose one phrase (A-H) from the list of phrases to complete each key point below.
Write the appropriate letters (A-H) in boxes 12-15 on your answer sheet.
The information in the completed sentences should be an accurate summary of
points made by the writer.
NB There are more phrases A-H than sentences so you will not use them all. You
may use any phrase more than once.

12. Our concept of tourism arises from D

13. The media can be used to enhance B
14. People view tourist landscapes in a different way from F
15. Group tours encourage participants to look at H
List of Phrases
A. local people and their environment.
B. the expectations of tourists.
C. the phenomena of holiday making.
D. the distinction we make between work and leisure.
E. the individual character of travel.
F. places seen in everyday life.
G. photographs which recapture our holidays.
H. sights designed especially for tourists.
 READING PRACTICE 7
Student WorksheetTask 2 – Multi-text Reading:
National CustomsText A

Wedding Customs
(Insert image of wedding)

There are a great number of traditional wedding customs

across the world and they are all equally fascinating. Of
course, not everyone follows them nowadays but it is
interesting to learn about them.

In England, brides traditionally wear a white or ivory-

coloured dress. There is a little saying that they should also
wear ‘something borrowed, something blue, something
old and something new.’ In the Middle East and the Indian
sub-continent, the female relatives and friends from both the
bride’s and groom’s families decorate their hands and feet
with beautiful intricate designs using deep red henna paste. In
India, the bride and groom exchange garlands of flowers
after the religious ceremony to cement their relationship.
In Germany, when a little girl is born, several trees are planted
which are later sold to pay for the wedding. One of the
customs in Greece is to bring old crockery and smash it to
attract good luck. In China, auspicious dates are set by
expert astrologers to ensure the union remains secure.
Brides do not see the grooms before the actual wedding day as
it is seen as bad luck.

ivory-coloured dress: chiếc váy màu ngà ( voi)

something borrowed, something blue, something old and
something new: mượn cái gì đó, một cái gì đó màu xanh,
vừa có cũ, vừa có mới.
sub-continent: tiểu lục địa ( nhỏ)
paste: hỗn hợp nhão, sền sệt
cement (v) the relationship: làm cho mối quan hệ gắn bó,
bền chặt
crockery: chén bát sành sứ
smash: đập vỡ
auspicious dates: ngày tốt, may mắn, hứa hẹn
astrologers: nhà chiêm tinh , union: sự đoàn kết
 Reading & Writing

Text B

Birthday Celebrations
(Insert image of birthday party)

Different countries around the world celebrate birthdays in a variety of ways.

Birthday cakes have increasingly become popular across the world with many
bakers producing brilliant works of art. There are many customs unique to
different cultures which are also fun. In China, long noodles signify
longevity and the person celebrating their birthday needs to slurp a super-
long noodle before biting into it.

In many countries in Europe, people often have two birthdays – one for the
name of the saint they are named after and their own. In Mexico, the piñata
is popular at birthdays. A piñata is a form made of papier-mâché filled with
sweets and chocolates, moved around to be chased and broken open by
guests using a stick. In Vietnam, everyone celebrates their birthday on the
New Year as it is considered unlucky to celebrate the actual birthday.(incorrect)

long noodles signify longevity : mì trường thọ

slurp a super-long noodle: húp xì xụp
name of the saint: một ngày cho tên thánh
piñata: một hình con vật làm bằng giấy chứa đầy kẹo và socola
 Reading & Writing

Text C

Customs about Money

(Insert image of money)

∙ In the Czech Republic, some people believe the custom of placing fish

scales under the dinner plates or table cloth at the Christmas dinner table is said
to bring wealth to the home. Some people apparently carry a fish scale in the
wallet to generate money(thu hút tiền tài).

∙ Some Turkish people believe that if the first customer throws silver coins

onto the floor of a business, it will attract more people.

∙ Some Indian shop-owners will not let the first window-shopper of the day

leave without buying something, even if it is only a button or a pin(ghim), as it is

considered unlucky for the rest of the day.

∙ Other people in India and Pakistan kiss money and press it against their

Eyes (áp vào mắt) for good luck.

Text D

Customs about Plants

(Insert image of plant)

∙ Finding a four-leaf clover(cỏ bốn lá) is considered to be lucky by many people in the

UK and Republic of Ireland.

∙ In some Mediterranean (địa trung hải) families, a pot of the herb basil (lá húng quế) kept on
the window-sill or on the balcony is said to prevent bad luck and illness. Pine needles (lá thông
hình kim) are sometimes burnt with juniper (bách xà) and cedar (tuyết tùng) to purify the
atmosphere (thanh lọc không khí).

∙ Garlic is used to keep away insects and evil spirits.

∙ Thyme is supposed to give courage

∙ A sprig of dried rosemary (lá hương thảo) is used to protect the home.

to purify the my soul: thanh lọc tâm hồn

Thyme /taɪm/ : lá xạ hương
 Reading & Writing

Part 2 - Reading Multiple Texts

In this part there are four short texts for you to read and 15 questions for
you to answer.

Questions 1-5 (1 mark per question)

Read questions 1-5 first and then read Texts A, B, C, and D.

As you read each text, decide which text each question refers to. Choose
one letter – A, B, C or D – and write it in boxes 1-5. You can use any
letter more than once.

Which text refers to Tex

t
A. customs in some businesses 1 C

B. beliefs about the health properties of vegetation 2 D

C. traditions about nuptial (wedding) ceremonies 3 A

D. different attitudes to personal anniversaries 4 B

E. colours for a special occasion 5 A

Questions 6-10 (1 mark per question)

Choose the 5 statements from A-H below that are TRUE according to the
information given in the texts above. Write the letters of the TRUE
statements in the boxes provided (in any order).

A. In some countries, people celebrate birthdays on one day. True

B. Certain types of flora are believed to be dangerous. False

C. Parts of a fish are considered to be good luck by some

people. True

D. Some people celebrate two birthdays in the year. True

E. In Greece, guests bring old plates and cups to smash at

weddings. True

F. Flowers are not needed at Indian weddings. False

F. Some British brides like to wear someone else’s jewellery

on their special day. True
G. Indian shopkeepers are determined to sell to their last
customer. False
 Reading & Writing

Questions 11-15 (1 mark per question)

The Summary Notes below contain information from the texts about
national customs. Find a suitable word or a phrase in the texts to
complete the missing information in gaps 11-15. Write your answers in
the spaces provided and you can use up to 5 words.

Summary Notes:
Wedding and birthday customs:

∙ In England, brides usually wear a white or (11) ivory-coloured dress.

∙ In the Middle East and Indian Sub-continent, brides and female

guests decorate their hands and feet with (12)intricate henna

tattoos.
∙ In Germany, trees are planted when baby girls are born and sold to

raise money for weddings

∙ In China , long noodles mean (13) longevity
Extension Activities:
Vocabulary development
Plants:
∙ Basil is said to prevent bad luck and illness.

∙ Four-leaf clovers are considered to be lucky

∙ Purify the atmosphere by burning (14)three kinds of plants.

∙ Garlic is used to keep away (15) insects and evil spirits.

 Reading & Writing

Extension Activities
Task A: Similar meanings
Find synonyms from the texts for these words:

1 very fine; elaborate A intricate

2 extra important B auspicious
3 long life C longevity

4 unfortunate D unlucky
5 create E generate
6 casual observer F window shopper
7 stop G prevent
8 cleanse H purify

Task B: Opposite meanings

Find antonyms from the texts for these words:

1 modern A traditional
2 lent B nonborrowed

3 trainee, novice C experts

4 poverty, penury D wealth
5 disliked E Popular

6 pollute F purify
7 attract G Keep away
8 harm H protect

Task C: Grammar

Complete these sentences using the correct from of the verb in brackets:

1. In Turkey, it is believed (believe) that if the first customer throws

silver coins on to the floor of a business, it will attract more people.

2. In China, long noodles signify longevity and the person celebrating their
birthday needs slurp a super-long noodle before biting into it.

3. Thyme is supposed (supposed) to give courage and a sprig of dried

rosemary is used (use) to protect the home.
 Reading & Writing

Further Support Activities:

Task A – Synonyms:
Match the words with the correct meanings.

1 borrowed A. Extremely important

.
2 exchange B. safe
.
3 auspicious C. A lot of money
.
4 secure D. To stop
.
Use something belonging to
5 wealth E. another person with permission
.
6 prevent F. To give and take something in return
.
1E, 2F, 3A, 4B, 5C, 6D

Task B – Antonyms:

Find the words in the box which have the opposite meaning in the list.
There are two extra words which you will not need.

novice - attract – protect- unacceptable –brilliant – unfortunate - reckless

1. keep away PREVENT

2. harm protect
3. dull reckless
4. lucky unfortunate
5. expert novice
 Task C – Grammar

Choose the correct word in brackets to complete the sentence.

1. In Vietnam, everyone _____________

(celebrated; celebrates; is celebrating) their
birthday on the New Year as it is ___________
(consider; considering; considered) unlucky to
celebrate their actual birthday.

2. Some Indian shop-owners will not _______ (letting;

be letting; let) the first window-shopper of the day
leave without buying something, even if it ___ (be;
are; is) only a button or a pin, as it is considered
unlucky for the rest of the day.

3. Pine needles are sometimes _______ (burning;

burn; burnt) with juniper and cedar to
___________ (purifies; purify; purified) the
atmosphere.
 READING PRACTICE 8
In the following text, five sentences or parts of sentences have been
removed. Above the extract you will find the five removed sentences PLUS
one sentence which doesn't fit. Choose from the sentences (A-F) the one
which fits each gap (1-5). Remember, there is one extra sentence you do
not need to use. Write the correct letter in the box.

Choose from the following sentences to fill the spaces in the text. There is
one extra.

A. Activists say this is often caused by excessive melting.

B. He says climate changes will have a major effect on the Arctic. Polar

bears and some kinds of seals may disappear. -3

C. It also says computer programs estimate an additional increase of four

to seven degrees Celsius during the next century. - 1

D. Its members include the United States and the seven other countries

with territory in the Arctic. -2

E. The melting is likely to permit increased exploration for oil and gas. -5

F. This could cause sea levels to rise around the world. -4

Arctic Warming

A new report says the Arctic (Bắc Cực) is experiencing(đang trải qua)
some of the most severe( khắc nghiệt) climate change on Earth. The report
says average(trung bình) winter temperatures there have risen at almost
two times the rate of that in other areas in the past fifty years. (1)It also
says computer programs estimate an additional increase ( sự tăng thêm) of
four to seven degrees Celsius during the next century.

About three-hundred scientists prepared the report after a four-year

study. The scientists say human activities are responsible for increasing
amounts of heat-trapping gases in Earth's atmosphere. Other studies have
linked recent climate changes to such activities.

The report was presented to an organization called the Arctic Council. (2)
Its members include the United States and the seven other countries with
territory in the Arctic. Six groups representing native peoples also are
members. The Council considered (xem xét) the report last week during a
meeting in Reykjavik, Iceland. Robert Correll of the American
Meteorological (khí tượng học) Society led(lead) the committee that wrote
the report. (3) He(Robert Correll ) says climate changes will have a major
effect on the Arctic. Polar bears and some kinds of seals may
disappear. As a result, native peoples who hunt for these animals will
experience( hứng chịu) food shortages and economic problems.

The report also warns of possible health risks to people. As new kinds of
wildlife move into the Arctic, animal diseases that can infect people may
spread. And, northern freshwater fisheries(ngư trường) that supply the
native people with food could suffer. The report says melting ice(băng tan)
would add more freshwater to the Arctic Ocean. (4) This could cause sea
levels to rise around the world. As(bởi vì) the frozen ground (mặt băng)
warms, many existing buildings( nhà băng) in the Arctic, roads and
industrial areas could be damaged.

The report notes some possible improvements as a result of rising

temperatures. For example, the melting ice will increase the ability of fish
and other sea creatures to use Arctic resources. (5) The melting is
likely to permit increased(adj) exploration for oil and gas. And,
reduced ice is likely to extend the period(kéo dài thời gian) when ships can
travel in the area.

1. at almost two times the rate of that(average winter temperatures): cấu

trúc so sánh
2. estimate(v/n) ước lượng, ước tính
3.heat-trapping/ greehouse gases: khí thải nhà kính
4. presented: đề xuất, trình , nộp lên
5. territory: lãnh thổ
6. represent so: đại diện cho ai
7. Meteor: sao băng
8. committee: uỷ ban
9. have a major effect/impact/influence on: có ảnh hưởng lớn
10. experience food shortages and economic problems: hứng chịu nạn thiếu
lương thực và vấn đề kinh tế.
11. possible health risks to people: những mối đe doạ về sức khoẻ đối với
con người
12. infect(v): lây nhiễm
13. spread the diseases: lan truyền dịch bệnh
14. As=because=since: bởi vì, vì
15. be likely to: có khả năng
 READING PRACTICE 9
Passage 1. Read the passage. Then answer the questions below.
The Creators of Grammar
No student of a foreign language needs to be told that grammar is complex. By changing
word sequences and by adding a range of auxiliary verbs and suffixes, we are able to
communicate tiny variations in meaning. We can turn a statement into a question, state
whether an action has taken place or is soon to take place, and perform many other word
tricks to convey subtle differences in meaning. Nor is this complexity inherent to the
English language. All languages, even those of so-called 'primitive' tribes have clever
grammatical components. The Cherokee pronoun system, for example, can distinguish
between 'you and I', 'several other people and I' and 'you, another person and I'. In English,
all these meanings are summed up in the one, crude pronoun 'we'. Grammar is universal
and plays a part in every language, no matter how widespread it is. So the question which
has baffled many linguists is - who created grammar?
At first, it would appear that this question is impossible to answer. To find out how
grammar is created, someone needs to be present at the time of a language's creation,
documenting its emergence. Many historical linguists are able to trace modern complex
languages back to earlier languages, but in order to answer the question of how complex
languages are actually formed, the researcher needs to observe how languages are started
from scratch. Amazingly, however, this is possible.
Some of the most recent languages evolved due to the Atlantic slave trade. At that time,
slaves from a number of different ethnicities were forced to work together under colonizer's
rule. Since they had no opportunity to learn each other's languages, they developed a
make-shift language called a pidgin. Pidgins are strings of words copied from the
language of the landowner. They have little in the way of grammar, and in many cases it
is difficult for a listener to deduce when an event happened, and who did what to whom.
[A] Speakers need to use circumlocution in order to make their meaning understood. [B]
Interestingly, however, all it takes for a pidgin to become a complex language is for a
group of children to be exposed to it at the time when they learn their mother tongue. [C]
Slave children did not simply copy the strings of words uttered by their elders, they adapted
their words to create a new, expressive language. [D] Complex grammar systems which
emerge from pidgins are termed creoles, and they are invented by children.
Further evidence of this can be seen in studying sign languages for the deaf. Sign languages
are not simply a series of gestures; they utilise the same grammatical machinery that is
found in spoken languages. Moreover, there are many different languages used worldwide.
The creation of one such language was documented quite recently in Nicaragua.
Previously, all deaf people were isolated from each other, but in 1979 a new government
introduced schools for the deaf. Although children were taught speech and lip reading in
the classroom, in the playgrounds they began to invent their own sign system, using the
gestures that they used at home. It was basically a pidgin. Each child used the signs
differently, and there was no consistent grammar. However, children who joined the
school later, when this inventive sign system was already around, developed a quite
different sign language. Although it was based on the signs of the older children, the
younger children's language was more fluid (adj) and compact(adj), and it utilised = use
= employee a large range of grammatical devices to clarify meaning. What is more, all
the children used the signs in the same way. A new creole was born.
Some linguists believe that many of the world's most established languages were creoles
at first. The English past tense –ed ending may have evolved from the verb 'do'. 'It ended'
may once have been 'It end-did'. Therefore it would appear that even the most widespread
languages were partly created by children. Children appear to have innate grammatical
machinery in their brains, which springs to life ( kích hoạt )when they are first trying to
make sense of the world around them. Their minds can serve to create logical, complex
structures, even when there is no grammar present for them to copy.
Questions 1-10
1. In paragraph 1, why does the writer include information about the Cherokee language?
A To show how simple, traditional cultures can have complicated grammar
structures
B To show how English grammar differs from Cherokee grammar
C To prove that complex grammar structures were invented by the Cherokees.
D To demonstrate how difficult it is to learn the Cherokee language

2. What can be inferred about the slaves' pidgin language?

A It contained complex grammar.
B It was based on many different languages.
C It was difficult to understand, even among slaves.
D It was created by the land-owners.

3. All the following sentences about Nicaraguan sign language are true EXCEPT:
A The language has been created since 1979.
B The language is based on speech and lip reading.
C The language incorporates signs which children used at home.
D The language was perfected by younger children.

4. In paragraph 3, where can the following sentence be placed?

It included standardised (tiêu chuẩn) word orders and grammatical markers that existed in
neither the pidgin language, nor the language of the colonizers.( đế quốc)
A
B
C
D

5. 'From scratch' in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to:

A from the very beginning
B in simple cultures
C by copying something else
D by using written information

6. 'Make-shift' in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to:

A complicated and expressive
B simple and temporary
C extensive and diverse
D private and personal

7. Which sentence is closest in meaning to the highlighted sentence?

“Grammar is universal and plays a part in every language, no matter how widespread it is.”
A All languages, whether they are spoken by a few people or a lot of people, contain
grammar.
B Some languages include a lot of grammar, whereas other languages contain a little.
C Languages which contain a lot of grammar are more common that languages that contain
a little.
D The grammar of all languages is the same, no matter where the languages evolved.

8. All of the following are features of the new Nicaraguan sign language EXCEPT:
A All children used the same gestures to show meaning.
B The meaning was clearer than the previous sign language.
C The hand movements were smoother and smaller.
D New gestures were created for everyday objects and activities.

9. Which idea is presented in the final paragraph?

A English was probably once a creole.
B The English past tense system is inaccurate.
C Linguists have proven that English was created by children.
D Children say English past tenses differently from adults.

10. Look at the word 'consistent' in paragraph 4. This word could best be replaced by which
of the following?
A natural
B predictable
C imaginable
D uniform
Passage2
11. Some centres are open all winter.
True
False ( p.1 line 4)
12. The activities available depend on weather.
True( p.2 line 2) False
13. Action Sports Camps courses are unsuitable for people who are excellent at sport.
True
False
14. You need to have your own sports equipment.
True False
15. Children and adults spend some time together each day.
True False
16. Some of the staff are unqualified.
True
False
17. Action Sports Camps only recommend accommodation of a high quality.
True False (p.5 line 2)
18. You have to pay the total fee one month after you book.
True False
19. Action Sports Camps charge you more if you pay with your credit card.
True False
20. If you cancel three weeks before your camp, you will get half your money back.
True False
 READING PRACTICE 10

PASSAGE 1

The artistic movement known as Impressionism was first identified in 1874 when a group of
artists, dissatisfied with the reception of their works by the academic art establishment of their
period, chose to hold a separate exhibition of their paintings.
Despite obvious differences in style, all of these painters were connected by an ability to catch a
moment and preserve it on canvas, and in their belief in the importance of that moment. They
readily accepted and made use of the technological advances available to them, and in the end,
became recognized as proponents of one of the most significant movements in the history of
art, a movement that produced an aesthetic revolution in art.
Several technological breakthroughs were responsible, to some degree, for the creation and
execution of the new Impressionist style. One of these was the invention of a new brush that
gave artists greater control. Another useful invention was the collapsible tin tube. This easily
reclosed container preserved the oil paint in a stable condition without altering the color. It was
a great improvement over animal bladders, which had been used for centuries to hold oil paint.
The new tube was portable and made it possible for artists to work outside. This freedom made
it possible for Impressionist paintings to “capture the moment,” giving them
a feeling of immediacy.
Another innovation was color. Nineteenth-century chemists had created a new palette of colors
(bảng màu mới), derived from cola tar and other substances. These were first used by textile
manufacturers and then adopted by artists. They included some of the brighter colors – new
shades of blue, green, and yellow, whose tones gave the Impressionist paintings their
characteristic shimmering quality.

1. What did the group of Impressionist artists do in 1874?

(A) They radically changed their style of painting.
(B) They held their own exhibition.
(C) They adopted new techniques and technologies.
(D) They refused to paint anything that year.
2. The word “it” in line 6 refers to
(A) style
(B) moment
(C) ability
(D) canvas
3. The word “readily” (sẵn sàng, sẵn lòng) in line 7 is closest in meaning to
(A) purposely
(B) cautiously
(C) cleverly
(D) eagerly (háo hức, hăng hái)
4. According to the passage, Impressionism is regarded historically as
(A) a significant, revolutionary movement
(B) an innovative yet minor style
(C) an unenlightened, radical phase
(D) a traditional form of nineteenth-century painting
5. In line 15 the word “It” refers to
(A) container
(B) condition
(C) oil paint
(D) color
6. Which of the following words does NOT refer to something that holds paint?
(A) Bladder
(B) Tube
(C) Condition
(D) Container
7. What contribution did chemists make to the Impressionist movement?
(A) New textiles
(B) Better canvases
(C) Additional colors (thêm màu mới)
(D) Tin tubes
8. It can be inferred that Impressionist paintings differed from other nineteenth-century
paintings in terms of which of the following?
(A) The size of the canvas
(B) The brightness of the colors
(C) The value of the painting
(D) The talent of the artists
9. Where in the passage does the author mention two new technologies available to artists in
the nineteenth century?
(A) First paragraph
(B) Second paragraph
(C) Third paragraph
(D) Fourth paragraph

PASSAGE 2

The piano has always had a special place in music in the United States. Because one can play on
it several notes at once, it can be used in substitution for a band. This quality has attracted
composers; there has been far more music written for piano, or the keyboards in general, than
for any other instrument. And because a piano can, in effect, accompany itself, for a century it
has been the basic instrument for the playing of popular music.
This was especially so during the decades around the turn of the century. In the years before the
First World War (1914-1918), most families in the United States felt it important to own a piano,
no matter how poor they were. People who could play the piano were welcome visitors and
were generally cajoled into playing the latest popular tunes.
But it was not just in the home that the piano flourished. It was the basic entertainment tool in
cabarets, clubs, and restaurants, just as it is today. The piano, thus, was central to the social lives
of people in the United States, and in the period between the Civil War (1861-1865) and the First
World War, there grew up a considerable industry devoted to it: the popular music business, a
huge trade in instructional schools and mail order lessons, and, of course, the selling of pianos
themselves.
Inevitably a large corps of virtuoso professional piano players developed. These “professors” or
“ivory ticklers” were not necessarily trained in the classical European tradition. Most, although
not all, either was self-taught or studied with older ticklers who themselves had little experience
with the classical tradition.
Despite the lack of European-style training, many of these players possessed astonishing
techniques that, if not well-suited to classical piano compositions, were exactly right for
producing the showy effects with which these professors impressed audiences and competing
pianists. Fast arpeggios, octave runs, and other great splashes up and down the keyboard were
practiced endlessly.
These ticklers were the people who developed and popularized ragtime; it is no accident that the
most popular music of the period was a piano form. And of course, when jazz came into fashion,
they were caught up in this new music.

10. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) The parts of a piano
(B) Kinds of pianos
(C) Composers of piano music
(D) The popularity of the piano (sự phổ biến của đàn piano)
11. The word “place” in line 1 is closest in meaning to
(A) performance
(B) region
(C) position
(D) arrangement
12. The word “it” in line 2 refers to
(A) piano
(B) place
(C) music
(D) band
13. The word “central” in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) accessible
(B) important
(C) convenient
(D) related
14. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the piano industry
between 1861 and 1914?
(A) Fewer pianos were built.
(B) Many people wanted to learn how to play the piano.
(C) Other forms of keyboard instruments were invented.
(D) Large bands began to replace pianos in clubs and restaurants.
15. The word “virtuoso” in line 19 is closest in meaning to
(A) youthful
(B) dedicated
(C) skilled
(D) noble
16. The word “themselves” in line 22 refers to
(A) pianos
(B) compositions
(C) older ticklers
(D) techniques
17. According to the passage, why were audiences amazed by the piano-playing of the ticklers
mentioned in the third paragraph?
(A) They played without looking at music.
(B) Their performances were very exciting.
(C) They were younger than most pianists.
(D) They were accompanied by a variety of other instruments.
18. Which of the following is NOT true of the professional piano players mentioned in the fourth
paragraph?
(A) They were trained in Europe.
(B) Their piano performances appealed to audiences.
(C) They usually received little formal training.
(D) They were more skilled at playing popular music than classical music.
19. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses
(A) classical piano music
(B) piano competitions
(C) piano instruction
(D) jazz piano music
 Global warming

Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space.
There is an example at the beginning (0).

0 A recognised B regarded C registered

D represented

The Earth's climate is a very complicated system(hệ thống vô cùng phức

tạm). What's more, it is now widely (0) A recognised that human activity
is having an effect on it. The pollution which (1) results from the use of oil
and coal in industry, (2) as well as the increased use of private cars, is
causing significant(quan trọng) changes in temperature in many parts of the
world. These changes often have a knock-on effect on other aspects of the
climate, (3)leading to things like extreme weather (4)conditions and
rising sea levels.

Studying the changes which are taking (5) place( vẫn đang diễn ra) and
predicting those that are (6) likely to happen in the future is now a major
area of scientific research. The information which the scientists (7)
provide is very useful in helping governments to (8)predict the effects of
climate change and so be better prepared to (9)cope with them.

A much more (10) serious problem, however, is how to prevent the situation
from (11) getting worse. This depends on how quickly, and to what extent,
the (12) amount of pollution in the atmosphere increases. Although many
countries have now agreed to try and limit the pollution they create, much
more (13) needs to be done. If no further action is (14) taken, then
temperatures are set to rise by about 0.2% per decade (15)during the 21st
century. Such a rate of warming is greater than anything that has occurred
over the last ten thousand years.
1.What’s more= in addition=more over= additionally=furthermore= also=abesides
2. it is now widely that : được công nhận rộng rãi
3. results from: là kết quả của, xuất phát từ # results in: dẫn đến kết quả
4. As well as: cũng như là
5. As long as: miễn là ( đk)
6. as soon as; ngây khi
7. as far as: như tôi biết
8. have a knock-on effect on: gián tiếp gây ra
9. be likely to
10. a major area of scientific research: một lĩnh vực quan trọng trong nghiên cứu
khoa học
11. to what extent= to some extent: ở một mức độ nào đó
12. much more needs to be done: cần làm nhiều hơn thế nữa

1 A recovers B concludes C results D happens

2 A as far as B as soon as C as long as D as well as

3 A leading B causing C finishing D producing

4 A examples B conditions C cases D instances

5 A point B part C path D place

6 A surely B probably C likely D possibly

7 A provide B progress C prove D propose

8 A prevent B pretend C predict D prefer

9 A handle B face C manage D cope

10 A serious B determined C thoughtful D anxious

11 A going B giving C getting D gaining

12 A addition B amount C average D account

13 A needs B wants C wishes D hopes

14 A held B taken C made D carried

15 A already B during C while D still