BIT 2212:

Business Systems Modeling

 Introduction

Real World System

Modelling

Model Computer
Simulation

Simulation is emulation of reality using mathematical model.

 Introduction
• Models represent reality, simulation imitates it.

• Simulation always involves the manipulation of a model; it is,

in effect, a way of manipulating a model so that it yields a
motion picture of reality.
Demo 1: Stocks Change the Time Shape of Flows
Demo 2: Inflow; a Linear Growth Shape
Demo 3: Inflow; a Linear Decline Shape
 LP: an Example – Two Dimensional Problem

The daily minimum requirement of an animal is 60 g of protein, 48 g of fat,

and 120 g carbohydrates. The contents of scraps A and B per kg are as
follows:
Scrap A Scrap B

Protein 10 g 5g

Fat 16 g 2g

Carbohydrates 6g 24 g

The cost of scraps A and B are Ksh 9 /kg and Ksh 13 /kg respectively.
How to give a diet to the animal which will deliver adequate nutrition at the
lowest cost?
Let the diet be x kg of A and y kg of B.
The constraints are:

Protein: 10x + 5y ≥ 60 (1)

Fat: 16x + 2y ≥ 48 (2)
Carbohydrates: 6x + 24y ≥ 120 (3)
x≥0 (4)
y≥0 (5)

Cost = f(x,y) = 9x + 13y (Ksh)

The feasible solution is the shaded region in Figure below. From the graph,
the cheapest diet is 4 kg of scrap A and 4 kg of scrap B.
LP: an Example
TORA