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    2nd batch

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    15 views11 pages

    Web Development: by Spring Info Tech

    Uploaded by

    RAVI Kumar

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 11

    WEB DEVELOPMENT

    BY SPRING INFO TECH

    Chapter 1: Getting started with HTML

    Version Specification Release Date

    1.0 N/A 1994-01-01

    2.0 RFC 1866 1995-11-24

    3.2 W3C: HTML 3.2 Specification 1997-01-14

    4.0 W3C: HTML 4.0 Specification 1998-04-24

    4.01 W3C: HTML 4.01 Specification 1999-12-24

    5 WHATWG: HTML Living Standard 2014-10-28

    5.1 W3C: HTML 5.1 Specification 2016-11-01

    5.2 HTML 5.2 2017

    Invented by :-TIM-BERNERS-LEE

    Introduction:

    HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) uses a markup system composed of


    elements which represent specific content. Markup means that with HTML you
    declare what is presented to a viewer, not how it is presented. Visual
    representations are defined by Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and realized by
    browsers. Still existing elements that allow for such, like e.g. font, "are entirely
    obsolete, and must not be used by authors.

    HTML is sometimes called a programming language but it has no logic, so is a


    markup language. HTML tags provide semantic meaning and machine-
    readability to the content in the page.

    HTML document are written in HTML editors.

    Example of HTML editors:-

    i)Notepad

    ii) Notepad++

    iii) Sublime text

    iv)Eclipse

    v) Netbeans

    vi) Visual Studio code

    START FROM BASICS


    not the difficult to get accustomed to one can still manage to forget all the
    nooks and crannies , it has to offer . A good solution is be practice regularly to
    get success.

    HTML tags are the hidden keyword within a web page that define how the
    browser must format and display the content. most of these tags ,these are 2
    parts opening tag and closing tag.

    Container/HTML
    <HTML>(opening tag) </HTML>(closing tag)

    HTML page may consist of potentially hundreds of elements which are then
    read by a web browser, interpreted and rendered into human readable or
    audible content on the screen. For this document it is important to note the
    difference between elements and tags:

    Elements: video, audio, table, footer Tags: <HTML> <title>,<HEADER>,


    <FOOTER>, <NAV>, <BODY>, <VIEDO>,<AUDIO>

    Element insight Let's break down a tag

    The tag represents a common paragraph. Elements commonly have an opening


    tag and a closing tag. The opening tag contains the element's name in angle
    brackets (<p>). The closing tag is identical to the opening tag with the addition
    of a forward slash (/) between the opening bracket and the element's name
    (</P).

    Content can then go between these two tags: <p> THIS IS A SIMPLE
    WEB PAGE</P>

    <br>

    .html, .css,.js
    <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta
    http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport"
    content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Web
    development</title> </head> <body> <h1>HELLO WORLD</h1> <p> THIS IS
    OUR BEST PLATFORM </p> </body> </html>

    <!DOCTYPE html>:- declaration should always be included at the top of the


    HTML document, before the <html> tag. HTML5 is not based on SGML (Standard
    Generalized Markup Language), and therefore does not require a reference to a
    DTD (Document Type Definition). it is case sensitive.

    <html>….</html>:-This tag specifies that the webpage is written in HTML. It


    appears at the very first and last line of the webpage. It is mainly used to show
    that the page uses HTML5 – the latest version of the language. Also known as
    the root element, this tag can be thought of as a parent tag for every other tag
    used in the page.

    <head>……</head>:-This tag is used to specify meta data about the webpage. It


    includes the webpage’s name, its dependencies (JS and CSS scripts), font usage
    etc.

    <title>..</title>:-As the name suggests, this tag contains the title/name of the
    webpage. You can see this in your browser’s title bar for every webpage open in
    the browser. Search engines use this tag to extract the topic of the webpage,
    which is quite convenient when ranking relevant search results.
    <body>…</body>:- Everything the user sees on a webpage is written inside this
    tag. It is a container for all the contents of the webpage.

    <meta>:-This is the meta data tag for the webpage. Can be useful for
    mentioning the page’s author, keywords, original published date etc.

    <link>:-This is used to link to scripts external to the webpage. Typically utilized


    for including stylesheets.

    <style>..</style>:- The style tag can be used as an alternative to an external


    style sheet, or complement it. Includes the webpage’s appearance information.

    <script>..</script>:-Used to add code snippets, typically in JavaScript, to make


    webpage dynamic. It can also be used to just link to an external script.

    header tags to indicate headings of various sizes and thicknesses.

    Enumerated as heading 1 through heading 6, heading 1 has the largest and


    thickest text while heading 6 is the smallest and thinnest, down to the
    paragraph level.

    This topic details proper usage of these tags


    Using Headings:-

    Headings can be used to describe the topic they precede and they are defined
    with

    <h1> :- defines the most important heading.

    <h6> :- defines the least important heading.

    <h1>heading1</h1> (32px)

    <h2> heading2</h2> (24px)

    <h3> heading3</h3> (19px)

    <h4> heading4</h4> (16px)

    <h5> heading5</h5> (14px)

    <h6> heading6</h6> (13px)

    PARAGRAPH

    <p> :- Defines a paragraph <br> :- inserts a single line break <pre> :- Defines pre-
    formatted text

    Paragraphs are the most basic HTML element. This topic explains and
    dem
    Formatting HTML also provides in-text formatting tags to apply specific text-
    related styles to portions of text. This topic includes examples of HTML text
    formatting such as highlighting, bolding, underlining, subscript, and stricken
    text.

    1. Some text formatting tags are follow:- 1. <mark>…</mark> :- it is use to


    highlight the text .

    <p> Here is some content from an article that contains the searched query that
    we are looking for. Highlighting the text will make<mark> it easier for the user
    to </mark>find what they are looking for.</p>.

    2. <strong>..</strong> :- it makes text bold. Emphasis at a point.

    3.<b>….</b> :_ it is used for also makes text bold.

    4. <em>..<em> :- it is another emphasis tag but used for display text italic.

    5. <i> </i>:- it also makes the text italic.

    6.<tt> </tt> :-formatting for typewriter-like text. No longer supported in HTML5.

    7. <strike></strike> :- Another old tag, this is used to draw a line at the center of
    the text, so as to make it appear unimportant or no longer useful.

    <p> this is my first <strike>class</stri</p>

    8.<cite> </cite> tag for citing author of a quote.


    <p> Here you all get a desired <cite> knowledge </cite> and get success in your
    life.</p>

    9. <del> </del> pre-formatted, ‘monospace’ text laid out with whitespace inside
    the element intact.

    <p> Here you all get a desired <del> knowledge </del> and get success in your
    life.</p>

    10. <ins> </ins> denotes text that has been inserted into the webpage

    <p> Here you all get a desired <ins> extra</ins> knowledge and get success in
    your life.</p>

    11. <blockquote> <blockquote> it denotes often go into this tag. Is used in


    tandem with the tag.

    <p> Here you all get a desired < blockquote > knowledge </ blockquote > and
    get success in your life.</p>

    12. <q> </q> similar to the above tag, but for shorter quotes.

    13. <abbr> </abbr>denotes abbreviations, along with the full forms.

    <p> I like to write <abbr title="Hypertext Markup


    Language">HTML</abbr>!<p>

    14.<acronym> </acronym> tag for acronyms. No html5 support.

    15. <address> </address> tag for specifying author’s contact details


    16. <dfn> </dfn> tag dedicated for definitions

    17.<code> </code> this is used to display code snippets within a paragraph.

    18 <sub> <sub> it used for writing a subscript (smaller font just below the mid-
    point of normal font). Example: ax.

    19. <u> /<u> :- it used for makes any text underline to specific word or
    sentence

    20. <s> </s> :- to strike through text, use the tag.

    1. <button></button> :- this tag is used for create button.

    <button type=”button”> click here </button>

    2. <center></center> = it Is to text align center it I used in HTML4 but currently


    work in HTML5.

    . <center> here u write </center>

    3.<iframe></iframe> :- it define one particular windows (frame) with in a


    <frameset>.
    . <iframe src=”https://google.com”></iframe>

    4.<hr> :- is define thematic changes in the content.

    5.<link> :- it Is used for link an external stylesheet .it always used in head tag
    <head></head>

    <head>

    <link rel=”stylesheet”href=”stylesheet.css”>

    </head>

    Here, “rel “: stand for required specific the relationship between the current
    document and the linked document.

    “Href” := specifies the location of the linked document.

    6.<style></style> := it used to apply a simple style sheet on HTML document

    <style>

    h1 {

    color:red

    7. <var></var> :- defines variable in HTML document.

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