Organizational behavior-

Organizational Behavior is the study of human behavior in organizational settings,

the interface between human behavior and the organization, and the organization
itself.
Organizational Behavior researchers study the behavior of individuals primarily in
their organizational roles. One of the main goals of organizational behavior is to
revitalize organizational theory and develop a better conceptualization of
organizational life.
The Industrial Revolution is the period from approximately 1760 when new
technologies resulted in the adoption of new manufacturing techniques, including
increased mechanization.
The industrial revolution led to significant social and cultural change, including
new forms of organization.
Analyzing these new organizational forms, sociologist Max Weber described
bureaucracy as an ideal type of organization that rested on rational-legal principles
and maximized technical efficiency. In the 1890’s; with the arrival of scientific
management and Taylorism, Organizational Behavior Studies was forming it as an
academic discipline.

“Organizational behavior is directly concerned with the understanding,

prediction, and control of human behavior in organizations.”
This area of study examines human behavior in a work environment and
determines its impact on job structure, performance, communication, motivation,
leadership, etc.
It is the systematic study and application of knowledge about how individuals and
groups act within the organizations where they work. OB draws from other
disciplines to create a unique field.

For example, when we review topics such as personality and motivation, we will
again review studies from the field of psychology. The topic of team processes
relies heavily on the field of sociology.
When we study power and influence in organizations, we borrow heavily from
political sciences.
Even medical science contributes to the field of Organizational Behavior,
particularly in the study of stress and its effects on individuals. There is increasing
agreement as to the components or topics that constitute the subject area of OB.
Although there is still considerable debate as to the relative importance of change,
there appears to be general agreement that OB includes the core topics of
motivation, leader behavior, and power, interpersonal communication, group
structure and processes, learning, attitude development, and perception, change
processes, conflict, work design, and work stress.

Organizational Behavior is;

 A Separate Field of Study and not a Discipline Only.
 An Interdisciplinary Approach.
 Applied Science.
 Normative Science.
 A Humanistic and Optimistic Approach.
 A Total System Approach.
Organizational Behavior Important-During their careers, most people have
worked for a company where people didn’t get along, where no one knew what the
expectations were, or where the boss failed to promote teamwork. The company
most likely lacked a strong OB model.
Organizational behavior can help employees navigate a business’s culture as well
as help managers better understand how that culture helps or hinders employee
productivity and retention. OB can also help managers evaluate a potential job
candidate’s skills and personality during the hiring process, allowing human
resources to find the best fit for departments within the company. While there is
never one exact way to assess these things, OB theory offers a set of guidelines to
help organizations create a positive and vibrant internal culture.
 Improve job performance.
 Increase job satisfaction.
 Promote innovation.
 Encourage leadership.
 Improve customer service.
 Encourage ethical behavior.
 Create a positive work environment.

What is management?

Management is the administration of an organization, whether it is a business, a

non-profit organization, or a government body. It is the art and science of
managing resources.
Management is a process of planning, decision making, organizing, leading,
motivation and controlling the human resources, financial, physical, and
information resources of an organization to reach its goals efficiently and
effectively.

Concept of Management-To understand the definition of management and its

nature, a threefold concept of management for emplacing a broader scope for the
viewpoint of management.
Management is an Economic Factor- For an economist, management is one of
the factors of production together with land, labor, and capital.

As the industrialization of a nation increases, the need for management becomes

greater. The managerial resources of a firm determine, in large measure, its
productivity and profitability. Executive development, therefore, is more important
for those firms in a dynamic industry in which progress is rapid.

Management is a Class and Status System-

As viewed by a sociologist, management is a class-and-status system. The increase

in the complexity of relationships in modern society demands that managers
become elite of brain and education. Entry into this class of executives is being
more and more dependent on excellence in education and knowledge rather than
family or political connections.

Some scholars view this development as a “Managerial Revolution”.

But you might have a different point of view about management but the purpose of
it remains static; reach the goal effectively and efficiently.

It is a set of activates directed at an organization’s resources to achieve

organizational goals efficiently and effectively.

The basic managerial functions or activities are planning, organizing, leading, and
controlling.

These activities are undertaken by the managers to combine all resources (human,
financial, physical, information) efficiently and effectively to work toward
achieving the goals of the organization.

So, we can say that the nature of management is; Management as a systematic
process of planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling. As managers,
people carry out the managerial functions of planning, organizing, staffing,
leading, and controlling.

The concepts and activities of management apply to all levels of management, as

well as to all types of organizations and activities managed.
Management identifies a special group of people whose job is to direct the effort
and activities of other people towards common objectives.

Management is concerned with productivity, thereby implying efficiency and

effectiveness. Factors of production of an organization such as labor, capital, land,
equipment, etc. are used efficiently and effectively prepared through management
for achieving organizational goals.

Management has to pay attention to fulfilling the objectives of the interested

parties.

Management is the art and science of getting work done by other peoples.

“Maximum results with the minimum of efforts” is the motto of management of

any organization.

Management as a concept has broadened in scope with the introduction of new

perspectives by different fields of study, such as economics, sociology, psychology
and the like.

Features of Management-

Management is the process of setting and reaching goals effectively and

efficiently. Management process has some qualities or features;

Management is Associated with Group Efforts

Management is Purposeful

Management is Accomplished Through the Efforts of Others

Management is Goal-oriented

Management is Indispensable

Management is Intangible
Management can Ensure Better Life

Although people as individuals manage many personal affairs, the group emphasis
on management is universal.

Management is sometimes defined as “getting things done through others’

efforts.”

Besides the manager of a firm, there may be accountants, engineers, system

analysts, salesmen and a host of other employees working but it is the manager’s
job to integrate all their activities.

Functions of management-
1. Planing- It is the basic function of management. It deals with chalking out
a future course of action & deciding in advance the most appropriate course
of actions for achievement of pre-determined goals. According to KOONTZ,
“Planning is deciding in advance - what to do, when to do & how to do. It
bridges the gap from where we are & where we want to be”. A plan is a
future course of actions. It is an exercise in problem solving & decision
making. Planning is determination of courses of action to achieve desired
goals. Thus, planning is a systematic thinking about ways & means for
accomplishment of pre-determined goals. Planning is necessary to ensure
proper utilization of human & non-human resources. It is all pervasive, it is
an intellectual activity and it also helps in avoiding confusion, uncertainties,
risks, wastages etc.
2. Organizing- It is the process of bringing together physical,
financial and human resources and developing productive
relationship amongst them for achievement of organizational goals.
According to Henry Fayol, “To organize a business is to provide it
with everything useful or its functioning i.e. raw material, tools,
capital and personnel’s”. To organize a business involves
determining & providing human and non-human resources to the
organizational structure. Organizing as a process involves.
3. Staffing- It is the function of manning the organization structure
and keeping it manned. Staffing has assumed greater importance in
 the recent years due to advancement of technology, increase in size
of business, complexity of human behavior etc. The main purpose
o staffing is to put right man on right job i.e. square pegs in square
holes and round pegs in round holes. According to Kootz &
O’Donell, “Managerial function of staffing involves manning the
organization structure through proper and effective selection,
appraisal & development of personnel to fill the roles designed un
the structure”. Staffing involves.

Managerial impact on OB-

Organizational behavior helps us to develop an understanding of the attitude and
performance of employees and the organization as a whole. There are a variety of
factors that can influence organizational behavior, including the company culture,
policies, and structure. These aspects can have an impact on employee's
productivity and their commitment to the organization.

Organizational behavior changes the way people make decisions. Businesses that
are able to encourage risks in decision making within the company culture can
enhance innovation and creativity. Effective communication allows managers and
employees to understand the business context and provides the opportunity for
employees to get involved.

Thank You
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