Maths - Glencoe - Grade7 (PDFDrive)

GLENCOE
MATHEMATICS
Grade 7
Consultant
Thomas L. Harrell
Mathematics Department Chairperson
G.W. Carver Senior High School
Montgomery, AL
Test-Taking Tips
• Go to bed early the night before the test. You will think more clearly after
a good night’s rest.
• Read each problem carefully and think about ways to solve the problem
before you try to answer the question.
• Relax. Most people get nervous when taking a test. It’s natural. Just do
your best.
• Answer questions you are sure about first. If you do not know the answer
to a question, skip it and go back to that question later.
• Think positively. Some problems may seem hard to you, but you may be
able to figure out what to do if you read each question carefully.
• If no figure is provided, draw one. If one is furnished, mark it up to help
you solve the problem.
• When you have finished each problem, reread it to make sure your answer
is reasonable.
• Become familiar with a variety of formulas and when they should be used.
• Make sure that the number of the question on the answer sheet matches the
number of the question on which you are working in your test booklet.
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storage or retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher.
Send all inquiries to:

The McGraw-Hill Companies
8787 Orion Place
Columbus, OH 43240-4027
ISBN: 0-07-870426-X Mastering the California Content Standards Workbook, Grade 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 024 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05
Contents
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Student Recording Chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
California Mathematics Content Standards, Grade 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Test Practice
Diagnostic Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Grade 7 Standards Practice

Number Sense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Algebra and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Measurement and Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Mathematical Reasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Test Practice
Sample Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

iii Standards Workbook, Grade 7
Overview
The material in this booklet is designed to help you meet the California
Mathematics Content Standards for Grade 7.
It contains:
• a Student Recording Chart,
• the California Mathematics Content Standards for Grade 7,
• a Diagnostic Test,
• practice for each Content Standard, and
• a Sample Test.
How to Use This Workbook

Diagnostic Test This test will help you identify any weaknesses you may
have as you prepare to meet the California Mathematics Content Standards
for Grade 7. Once you’ve taken the test and it has been graded, complete the
Student Recording Chart that is found on page v. Mark an × in the square for
each question that you answered incorrectly.
Practice If you missed one or two of the questions for a particular Content
Standard, you could probably use some extra practice with that standard. The
Student Recording Chart lists practice pages for each standard. Complete the
appropriate practice pages. If you are unsure about how to do some of the
problems, you may want to refer to your mathematics book.
Sample Test After you have completed the practice pages, take the Sample
Test on pages 125 to 138.

iv Standards Workbook, Grade 7
Name:
Student Recording Chart

Directions Mark an × by each question from the Diagnostic Test that you answered incorrectly. If
there are one or two ×s marked for a competency goal, write Yes in the Need Practice? Box. Then
complete the practice pages for that competency goal.
Strand Number Sense
Standard 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6
Test Questions 10 21 11 12 17 18 2 46 20 47
Need Practice?
Practice Pages 15-16 17-18 19-20 21-22 25-26
Strand Number Sense
Standard 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Test Questions 13 22 48 49 50 51 52
Need Practice?
Practice Pages 27-28 29-30 31-32 33-34 35-36 37-38
Strand Algebra and Functions
Standard 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1
Test Questions 3 23 53 54 14 55 56 4 5 15 57
Need Practice?
Practice Pages 39-40 41-42 43-44 45-46 47-48 49-50
Strand Algebra and Functions
Standard 2.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.1 4.2
Test Questions 58 59 24 25 26 27 28 59 6 19
Need Practice?
Practice Pages 51-52 53-54 55-56 57-58 59-60 61-62 63-64
Strand Measurement and Geometry
Standard 1.1 1.2 1.3 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
Test Questions 7 8 16 60 61 29 38 30 31
Need Practice?
Practice Pages 65-66 67-68 69-70 71-72 73-74 75-76 77-78
Strand Measurement and Geometry
Standard 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
Test Questions 62 63 64 66 9 67
Need Practice?
Practice Pages 79-80 81-82 83-84 85-86 87-88 89-90
Strand Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability
Standard 1.1 1.2 1.3
Test Questions 68 32 33 69
Need Practice?
Practice Pages 91-92 93-94 95-96
Strand Mathematical Reasoning
Standard 1.1 1.2 1.3 2.1 2.4 2.5
Need Practice?
Practice Pages 97-98 99-100 101-102 103-104 109-110 111-112
Strand Mathematical Reasoning
Standard 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.3
Need Practice?
Practice Pages 113-114 117-118 119-120 121-122 123-124

v Standards Workbook, Grade 7
California Content Standards for Grade 7
Lessons in which the standards are a primary focus are indicated in bold.
Content Standard
Number Sense
1.0 Students know the properties of, and compute with, rational numbers expressed in a variety of
forms:
1.1* Read, write, and compare rational numbers in scientific notation (positive and negative powers of 10) with
approximate numbers using scientific notation.
1.2* Add, subtract, multiply, and divide rational numbers (integers, fractions, and terminating decimals) and
take positive rational numbers to whole-number powers.
1.3* Convert fractions to decimals and percents and use these representations in estimations, computations, and
applications.
1.4 Differentiate between rational and irrational numbers.
1.5 Know that every rational number is either a terminating or repeating decimal and be able to convert
terminating decimals into reduced fractions.
1.6* Calculate the percentage of increases and decreases of a quantity.
1.7* Solve problems that involve discounts, markups, commissions, and profit and compute simple and
compound interest.
2.0 Students use exponents, powers, and roots and use exponents in working with fractions:
2.1* Understand negative whole-number exponents. Multiply and divide expressions involving exponents with
a common base.
2.2* Add and subtract fractions by using factoring to find common denominators.
2.3* Multiply, divide, and simplify rational numbers by using exponent rules.
2.4* Use the inverse relationship between raising to a power and extracting the root of a perfect square integer;
for an integer that is not square, determine without a calculator the two integers between which its square
root lies and explain why.
2.5* Understand the meaning of the absolute value of a number; interpret the absolute value as the distance of
the number from zero on a number line; and determine the absolute value of real numbers.
Algebra and Functions
1.0 Students express quantitative relationships by using algebraic terminology, expressions, equations,
inequalities, and graphs:
1.1* Use variables and appropriate operations to write an expression, an equation, an inequality, or a system of
equations or inequalities that represents a verbal description (e.g., three less than a number, half as large as
area A).
1.2* Use the correct order of operations to evaluate algebraic expressions such as 3(2x 5)2.
1.3 Simplify numerical expressions by applying properties of rational numbers (e.g., identity, inverse,
distributive, associative, commutative) and justify the process used.
1.4 Use algebraic terminology (e.g., variable, equation, term, coefficient, inequality, expression, constant)
correctly.
1.5* Represent quantitative relationships graphically and interpret the meaning of a specific part of a graph in
the situation represented by the graph.
2.0 Students interpret and evaluate expressions involving integer powers and simple roots:
2.1* Interpret positive whole-number powers as repeated multiplication and negative whole-number powers as
repeated division or multiplication by the multiplicative inverse. Simplify and evaluate expressions that
include exponents.
2.2* Multiply and divide monomials; extend the process of taking powers and extracting roots to monomials
when the latter results in a monomial with an integer exponent.
Key Standard * standard assessed on the CAHSEE

vi Standards Workbook, Grade 7
3.0 Students graph and interpret linear and some nonlinear functions:
3.1* Graph functions of the form y nx2 and y nx3 and use in solving problems.
3.2 Plot the values from the volumes of three-dimensional shapes for various values of the edge lengths (e.g.,
cubes with varying edge lengths or a triangle prism with a fixed height and an equilateral triangle base of
varying lengths).
3.3* Graph linear functions, noting that the vertical change (change in y-value) per unit of horizontal change
(change in x-value) is always the same and know that the ratio (“rise over run”) is called the slope of a
graph.
3.4* Plot the values of quantities whose ratios are always the same (e.g., cost to the number of an item, feet to
inches, circumference to diameter of a circle). Fit a line to the plot and understand that the slope of the
line equals the quantities.
4.0 Students solve simple linear equations and inequalities over the rational numbers:
4.1* Solve two-step linear equations and inequalities in one variable over the rational numbers, interpret the
solution or solutions in the context from which they arose, and verify the reasonableness of the results.
4.2* Solve multistep problems involving rate, average speed, distance, and time or a direct variation.
Measurement and Geometry
1.0 Students choose appropriate units of measure and use ratios to convert within and between
measurement systems to solve problems:
1.1* Compare weights, capacities, geometric measures, times, and temperatures within and between
measurement systems (e.g., miles per hour and feet per second, cubic inches to cubic centimeters)
1.2* Construct and read drawings and models made to scale.
1.3* Use measures expressed as rates (e.g., speed, density) and measures expressed as products (e.g., person-
days) to solve problems; check the units of the solutions; and use dimensional analysis to check the
reasonableness of the answer.
2.0 Students compute the perimeter, area, and volume of common geometric objects and use the results
to find measures of less common objects. They know how perimeter, area, and volume are affected
by changes of scale:
2.1* Use formulas routinely for finding the perimeter and area of basic two-dimensional figures and the surface
area and volume of basic three-dimensional figures, including rectangles, parallelograms, trapezoids,
squares, triangles, circles, prisms, and cylinders.
2.2* Estimate and compute the area of more complex or irregular two-and three-dimensional figures by
breaking the figures down into more basic geometric objects.
2.3* Compute the length of the perimeter, the surface area of the faces, and the volume of a three-dimensional
object built from rectangular solids. Understand that when the lengths of all dimensions are multiplied by
a scale factor, the surface area is multiplied by the square of the scale factor and the volume is multiplied
by the cube of the scale factor.
2.4* Relate the changes in measurement with a change of scale to the units used (e.g., square inches, cubic
feet) and to conversions between units (1 square foot 144 square inches or [1 ft2] [144 in2], 1 cubic
inch is approximately 16.38 cubic centimeters or [1 in3] [16.38 cm3]).
3.0 Students know the Pythagorean theorem and deepen their understanding of plane and solid
geometric shapes by constructing figures that meet given conditions and by identifying attributes of
figures:
3.1 Identify and construct basic elements of geometric figures (e.g., altitudes, mid-points, diagonals, angle
bisectors, and perpendicular bisectors; central angles, radii, diameters, and chords of circles) by using a
compass and straightedge.
3.2* Understand and use coordinate graphs to plot simple figures, determine lengths and areas related to them,
and determine their image under translations and reflections.
3.3* Know and understand the Pythagorean theorem and its converse and use it to find the length of the
missing side of a right triangle and the lengths of other line segments and, in some situations, empirically
verify the Pythagorean theorem by direct measurement.

vii Standards Workbook, Grade 7
3.4* Demonstrate an understanding of conditions that indicate two geo-metrical figures are congruent and what
congruence means about the relationships between the sides and angles of the two figures.
3.5 Construct two-dimensional patterns for three-dimensional models, such as cylinders, prisms, and cones.
3.6 Identify elements of three-dimensional geometric objects (e.g., diagonals of rectangular solids) and
describe how two or more objects are related in space (e.g., skew lines, the possible ways three planes
might intersect).
Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability
1.0 Students collect, organize, and represent data sets that have one or more variables and identify
relationships among variables within a data set by hand and through the use of an electronic
spreadsheet software program:
1.1* Know various forms of display for data sets, including a stem-and-leaf plot or box-and-whisker plot; use
the forms to display a single set of data or to compare two sets of data.
1.2* Represent two numerical variables on a scatter plot and informally describe how the data points are
distributed and any apparent relationship that exists between the two variables (e.g., between time spent
on homework and grade level).
1.3 Understand the meaning of, and be able to compute, the minimum, the lower quartile, the median, the
upper quartile, and the maximum of a data set.
Mathematical Reasoning
1.0 Students make decisions about how to approach problems:
1.1* Analyze problems by identifying relationships, distinguishing relevant from irrelevant information,
identifying missing information, sequencing and prioritizing information, and observing patterns.
1.2* Formulate and justify mathematical conjectures based on a general description of the mathematical
question or problem posed.
1.3 Determine when and how to break a problem into simpler parts.
2.0 Students use strategies, skills, and concepts in finding solutions:
2.1* Use estimation to verify the reasonableness of calculated results.
2.2 Apply strategies and results from simpler problems to more complex problems.
2.3* Estimate unknown quantities graphically and solve for them by using logical reasoning and arithmetic and
algebraic techniques.
2.4* Make and test conjectures by using both inductive and deductive reasoning.
2.5 Use a variety of methods, such as words, numbers, symbols, charts, graphs, tables, diagrams, and models,
to explain mathematical reasoning.
2.6 Express the solution clearly and logically by using the appropriate mathematical notation and terms and
clear language; support solutions with evidence in both verbal and symbolic work.
2.7 Indicate the relative advantages of exact and approximate solutions to problems and give answers to a
specified degree of accuracy.
2.8 Make precise calculations and check the validity of the results from the context of the problem.
3.0 Students determine a solution is complete and move beyond a particular problem by generalizing to
other situations:
3.1 Evaluate the reasonableness of the solution in the context of the original situation.
3.2 Note the method of deriving the solution and demonstrate a conceptual understanding of the derivation by
solving similar problems.
3.3* Develop generalizations of the results obtained and the strategies used and apply them to new problem
situations.

viii Standards Workbook, Grade 7
Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
Read each question and choose the best answer. Then write the
letter for the answer you have chosen in the blank at the right
of each question.
1 The average distance between the Sun and Earth is about 1

93,000,000 miles. What is this number written in scientific notation?
A 93 106 B 9.3 107 NS 1.1
C 93 10 7 D 0.93 10 8
12
2 Which decimal is equal to ? NS 1.3 2
30
F 0.04 G 0.0444…
H 0.4 J 0.444…
3 The California Gold Discovery to Statehood Sesquicentennial celebration 3

began by commemorating the 150th anniversary of the discovery of gold
in California. Let y the year the sesquicentennial celebration began.
Which expression represents the year gold was discovered? AF 1.1
A y 150
B y 150
C 150 y
D 150 y
4 The graph shows how many cups, t, of Lentil Soup 4

t
tomato salsa are needed for a given
number of cups, , of dried lentils in a Tomato 4
Salsa
lentil soup recipe. What can you conclude (cups) 2
from the fact that (5, 2) is a point on the
graph? AF 1.5 0 2 4 6 8
F To get the best results, you should make Lentils (cups)
7 cups of soup.
G To make this soup, you need more tomato salsa than lentils.
H If you use 5 cups of lentils, you need 2 cups of tomato salsa.
J If you use 5 cups of tomato salsa, you need 2 cups of lentils.
5 The graph at the right shows sales 19 5

for six months at the Brand A 18
17
Cola Company. Between which Sales ($)
16
in Millions
two months do sales increase 15
14
the most? AF 1.5 13
July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
A October and November
Month
B November and December
C July and August
D August and September Go on

1 Standards Workbook, Grade 7
Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
6 In an electrical transformer, voltage varies directly as the number of 6

turns on the coil. If 110 volts come from 55 turns, how many volts are
produced by 66 turns? AF 4.2
F 4 volts
G 33 volts
H 93 volts
J 132 volts
7 Use 1 liter 1.0567 quarts and 1 quart 32 ounces to determine 7

which of the following holds the most soda. MG 1.1
A 3-liter bottle
B 12-pack of 12 ounce cans
C 6-pack of 20 ounce bottles
D 6-pack of 12 ounce cans
8 The diagram at the right is a floor plan of 8

a one-bedroom apartment. Use the scale
to determine the approximate length and
width of the apartment. MG 1.2
F 9 18 ft
G 18 36 ft 18 ft
H 20 50 ft
J 36 50 ft
9 The drawing at the right shows a net for a d 9

triangular prism. Which letter indicates the
c
height of the prism? MR 3.5
A a
b
B b
C c
a
D d
10 Which of the following is the least number? NS 1.1 10

F 8.3 109
G 8.3 109
H 8.3 1010
Go on
J 8.3 1010
Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
11 What is the value of (8 11)3? NS 1.2 11

A 27
B 9
C 9
D 27
3
12 Find the volume of a cube with edges of length feet. NS 1.2 12
4
9
F
12
ft3
9
G
64
ft3
27
H
64
ft3
9
J
12
ft3
13 Carley invested $1,500 at 5% for 2 years, compounded annually. How 13

much interest did Carley earn? NS 1.7
A $75
B $78.75
C $150
D $153.75
14 Which expression is equivalent to 52 • 3x? AF 1.3

1
14
2
F 20x
G 35x
H 5 15x
J 5 30x
26 34
15 What is the value of ? AF 2.1 15
23 35
3
A
8
8
B
3
C 18
D 24 Go on

Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
16 Yosemite Valley, which was carved by ancient glaciers, is one of the 16

featured attractions of Yosemite National Park in the California Sierra
Nevada. Driving at 60 miles per hour, it takes about 3 hours to drive
from San Francisco to Yosemite Village in the park. About how far is
it from San Francisco to Yosemite Village? MG 1.3
F 20 mi
G 90 mi
H 180 mi
J 216 mi
1
17 Patricia wants to buy two eggplants. If one eggplant weighs 1 2 pounds 17
1
and the other weighs 1 8 pounds, how many pounds of eggplant will she
be paying for altogether? NS 1.2
1
A 2 5 lb
5
B 2 8 lb
3
C 2 4 lb
7
D 2 8 lb
1 5
18 Xavier’s stock rose 4 point on Monday and another
16
point on 18
Tuesday. How much did the value of his stock rise during the two days?
3 1 NS 1.2
F G
10 2
9 11
H J
16 16
19 Wanda ran 3.1 miles at an average rate of 8.5 minutes per mile. How 19
long did it take her? AF 4.2
A 23.72 min B 24.5 min
C 26.35 min D 27.4 min
20 Caroline had $105 left after going shopping. If she originally had $140, 20
by what percent did her spending money decrease? NS 1.6
F 25% G 30%
1
H 33 3 % J 75% Go on

Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
21 The diameter of a red blood cell is about 0.00074 centimeter. What is 21

this measurement expressed in scientific notation? NS 1.1
A 7.4 104 cm
B 74.0 105 cm
C 7.4 105 cm
D 7.4 105 cm
22 Which expression is equivalent to 25? NS 2.1 22

F 32
G 10
1
H 32
1
J 32
23 Alisha is at least one and a half times as old as her brother Jim. Let a 23
represent Alisha’s age and let j represent Jim’s age. Which of the following
correctly represents the relationship between the variables a and j?
A a 1.5j AF 1.1
B a 1.5j
C a 1.5j
D j 1.5a
1
24 Which of the following is the graph of y 2 x3? AF 3.1 24
F y G y
O x O x
H y J y
O x O x
Go on

Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
25 The graph at the right shows how the volume V of a V 25

pyramid changes when its height stays the same and
the side length e of the square base varies. Which
equation best describes the graph? AF 3.2
A V 13 e 2
O e
B V 12 e 2
C V 23 e 2
D V 32 e 3
26 The graph at the right represents y 26

shipping fees per pound of cargo. 200
What is the slope of the graph? AF 3.3
Shipping 150
F 3 Fee 100
1
G
3 50
1
H
3 0 20 40 60 80 x
J 3 Extra Weight
27 The cost y in dollars of x oranges is described by the equation y 0.45x. 27

If you graph this equation, which feature of the graph corresponds to the
cost per orange? AF 3.4
A The highest point
B The x-intercept
C The y-intercept
D The slope
28 One Saturday afternoon the local movie theatre sold 720 matinee tickets 28
at $4.50 each. Altogether, sales from tickets and popcorn totaled $3,980.
Each bag of popcorn sold for $2.50. Write and solve an equation to find
the number of bags of popcorn that were sold that afternoon. AF 4.1
F 254
G 296
H 372
Go on
J 408
Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
29 The rectangular laundry bin shown at the 9m 29

right is divided into three equal sections
for white, colored, and delicate clothes.
What is the volume of each section? MG 2.3 6m
A 6 m3
B 22 m 3
3m
C 54 m 3
D 90 m 3
30 How many cubic centimeters are in 1 cubic meter? MG 2.4 30
F 100 cm3
G 1,000 cm3
H 10,000 cm3
J 1,000,000 cm3
31 Approximately how many cubic centimeters are in one cubic inch? 31
A 6.45 cm2 MG 2.4
B 16.39 cm 3
C 2.54 cm
D 2.54 cm3
32 The scatter plot shows the gas mileage of a Gas Mileage at 32
car at various speeds. What does the graph Various Speeds
suggest about the relationship between speed Miles
40
and gas mileage for the car? PS 1.2 per
20
F As speed increases, mileage increases. Gallon
G As speed increases, mileage decreases. 0 20 40 60

H The car gets its best mileage at about 40 mi/h. Speed (mi/h)
J There is no relationship between speed and mileage.
33 Andy made the scatter plot at the right by 33
12
asking 6 friends their age and shoe size and
plotting points of the form (age, shoe size). Shoe 8
Size
Which of the following statements can be 4
made about the data in Andy’s scatter plot?
A There is a strong positive correlation 0 4 8 12 16
between age and shoe size. Age
B There is a weak negative correlation between age and shoe size.
C Two of his friends have the same shoe size. PS 1.2
Go on
D As age increases, shoe size always increases.

Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
34 In the fall of 1996, 10% of the students enrolled in Sonoma State 34

University were of Hispanic or Latino descent. José wants to know how
many students this was. What information is needed? MR 1.1
F The total number of students enrolled
G The number of Asian students enrolled
H The number of minority students enrolled
J The number of nonwhite students enrolled
—
35 Points C and D are on a certain circle, and CD passes through the center 35
—
of the circle. Points X and Y are on the same circle, but XY does not pass
through the center of the circle. Which is the most reasonable
conjecture? MR 1.2
— —
A XY bisects CD.
— —
B XY CD.
— —
C XY is shorter than CD.
— —
D XY is longer than CD.
36 Mr. Shimura needs to add 20 numbers, 10 of which are negative and 36

10 of which are positive. Which of the following would not be a helpful
step in quickly finding the sum? MR 1.3
F Add all of the negative numbers.
G Add all of the positive numbers.
H Add each negative number to each positive number.
J Pair up any numbers that are opposites.
37 Peter’s average heartbeat rate is 78 beats per minute. Assume that the 37
average life expectancy for men is 76 years. Which number is the best
estimate of the number of heartbeats Peter can expect to have in his
lifetime? MR 2.1
A 3,000,000
B 30,000,000
C 300,000,000
D 3,000,000,000 Go on

Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
38 The graph at the right represents shipping y 38

fees per pound of cargo. The value of x 200
represents the pounds of cargo in excess
of the standard maximum weight. Use Shipping 150
Fee 100
the graph to estimate the fee for shipping
cargo that weighs 60 pounds more than 50
the standard maximum weight. MG 2.3
0 20 40 60 80 x
F $13 Extra Weight
G $25
H $150
J $200
39 Five Lake Tahoe alpine Squaw 39

Sugar Diamond
resorts reported these ski Valley Heavenly Bowl Peak Boreal
lift ticket prices for USA
2004–2005. Which resort $62 $65 $59 $44 $36
would you expect has the fewest trails? MR 2.4
A Squaw Valley USA
B Sugar Bowl
C Diamond Peak
D Boreal
40 Which of the following is not a correct way to justify that 3 is a 40

common factor of 42 and 12? MR 2.5
F Divide 3 into 42 and 12. Check that 3 divides evenly into both
numbers.
G Draw factoring trees for 42 and 12. Look for at least one 3 in
both trees.
H Multiply 42 by 12 and then see if the result is divisible by 3.
J Find the GCF of 42 and 12 and see if it is divisible by 3.
41 The cholesterol levels of eight patients at the beginning of a study of the 41

effect of omega-3 fatty acids on cholesterol levels were 220, 215, 210,
205, 185, 195, 195, 190, and 200. How can you determine the mode of
the data? MR 2.6
A Find the difference between the minimum and maximum values.
B Find the number or numbers that occur most often.
C Arrange the data in numerical order.
D Find the mean of the middle two numbers. Go on

Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
42 Serge used paper and pencil to calculate the radius of a circle that had 42
a circumference of 6 meters. He used 3.14159 for . When he did the
calculation, he rounded his answer to the nearest ten-thousandth, which
gave him 1.9099 meters. The answer given in the back of his textbook
was 0.9549 meter. Which statement gives the most reasonable
explanation of what he probably did wrong? MR 2.8
F He made an error in multiplication when he did the necessary division.
G He made an error in subtraction when he did the necessary division.
H He made a rounding error.
J He found the diameter of the circle instead of the radius.
43 Andrea is trying to find a rule that describes the x y 43

numbers in the table shown at the right. She thinks 16 256
the rule is y x2. How can you tell without doing 28 784
any calculations that her rule does not work? MR 3.1 54 2,916
A When you evaluate x2 for x 16, you do not get 256. 68 2,804
B When you evaluate x2 for x 28, you do not get 784.
C When you evaluate x2 for x 54, the value should be
a little more than double 784.
D For positive integers, x2 increases as x increases, and this does not
happen from x 54 to x 68.
44 To find the sum of 1 2 3 4 … 97 98 99 100, 44

Carlotta noticed that the first and last terms have a sum of 101, that the
second and second-from-last terms also have a sum of 101, and so on.
She reasoned that since there are 50 such pairs, the sum of all the
numbers should equal 50 101, or 5,050. What sum do you get if you
use Carlotta’s method to find 201 202 … 399 400? MR 3.2
F 30,500
G 60,100
H 600,100
J 610,100
45 How can you use the fact that 1 2 3 … 18 19 20 210 45

to find the sum of the first 20 multiples of 7? MR 3.3
A Multiply 210 by 7.
B Multiply 210 by 20.
C Multiply 210 by 49.
D Multiply 210 by 140. Go on

Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
46 Which of the following is an irrational number? NS 1.4 46

F 36
G 0.353353335…
H 0.41666…
2
J

47 The California quail, the state bird of California, is also known as the 47
valley quail. Flocks of these birds can range in size from only a few to
60 or more during the fall and winter. In the spring, the flock separates
into pairs to prepare for the nesting season. What is the percent of
decrease from 60 to 2 to the nearest tenth? NS 1.6
A 3.3%
B 3.4%
C 60%
D 96.7%
7 7
48 What is the sum of and ? NS 2.2 48
12 15
3 7
F G
20 27
14 1
H J 1
27 20
56
49 What is the value of 52
510
? NS 2.3 49
1 1
A B
25 5
C 5 D 25
33 31
50 What is the value of ? NS 2.3 50
34 31
F 37 G 33
H 3 J 37
51 What is the value of

10,000? NS 2.4 51
A 100 B 500
C 1,000 D 5,000
52 What is the value of | 42 50 |? NS 2.5 52

F 92 G 8
H 8 J 92 Go on

Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
53 What is the value of 3 2(4x 5)2 if x 3? AF 1.2 53

A 193
B 95
C 49
D 49
54 What is the value of 6(2x 1)2 when x 4? AF 1.2 54

F 756
G 600
H 486
J 300
55 Which expression is equivalent to 2(x 4)? AF 1.3 55

A 2x 4
B 2x 4
C 2x 8
D 2x 8
56 In 5k (7k 2), what are 5k and 7k 2 called? AF 1.4 56

F Coefficients
G Constants
H Terms
J Variables
57 What is the simplified form of (3x5y2)4? AF 2.1 57

A 81x9y6
B 81x20y8
C 12x9y6
D 12x20y8
58 Which expression is equivalent to (2ab3)(8ab2)? AF 2.2 58

F 10ab6
G 10ab5
H 16ab5
J 16a2b5
59 Which is the simplified form of (g 4h)6 ? AF 2.2 59

A g 46h16 B g24h7
C g24h6 D g10h7 Go on

Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
60 What is the solution of 4 3x 10? AF 4.1 60

2
F 4 3
G 2
H 2
J 10
61 What is the area of a trapezoid whose height is 5 centimeters and whose 61

bases have lengths 7 centimeters and 10 centimeters? MG 2.1
A 42.5 cm2
B 85 cm2
C 350 cm2
D 700 cm2
62 A right triangle is enclosed in a square. The 62

hypotenuse of the right triangle is also a side of the
square. What is the area of the shaded region? MG 2.2
F 52 in2
G 76 in2 8 in. 6 in.
H 86 in2
10 in.
J 93 in2
63 Which term best identifies segment AB in circle O? MG 3.1 63

A Radius A O
B Diameter
C Chord B
D Central angle
64 What are the coordinates of the image point when y 64

the point A(1, 2) is reflected over line ? MG 3.2
F (4, 2)
O x
G (3, 2)
H (1, 2) A
J (2, 1)
65 Two sides of a right triangle measure 9 feet and 12 feet. What is the 65
measure of the hypotenuse? MG 3.3
A 5 ft C 15 ft Go on
B 21 ft D 225 ft
Name: Date:
Diagnostic Test
of each question.
66 For right triangle RST, what is the length of R 66

segment ST? MR 3.3 26 cm
10 cm
F 25 cm S T
?
G 24 cm
H 20 cm
J 16 cm
67 The triangles shown at the right are 13 ft 13 ft 67

congruent. What is the missing side 5 ft 5 ft
length x? MG 3.4 12 ft x
A 5 ft
B 10 ft
C 12 ft
D 13 ft
68 What is the height of the cylinder shown at the right? O A

68
F OA MG 3.6
G PQ
H PA P Q
J AQ
69 The box-and-whisker plot shown below displays statistics for the total 69
acreage of seven ski resorts in California: Mammoth Mountain, June
Mountain, Rock Creek Lodge, Kirkwood, Squaw Valley USA, Heavenly,
and Shasta. Which is the most reasonable estimate of the range of
acreage? PS 1.1
Ski Resort Acreage
0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
A 3,500 B 4,300
C 9,600 D 10,000
70 The California quail lays its eggs in the ground. Stem | Leaf 70
The stem-and-leaf plot shows the number of eggs 0|6 6 6
counted by a wildlife biologist in ten quail nests. 1|0 2 3 4 4
What is the upper quartile of the data? PS 1.3 2|0 1
1|3 means 13 eggs.
F 12.5 G 14
STOP
H 17 J 21

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.1
Read, write, and compare rational numbers in scientific notation (positive
NS 1.1
and negative powers of 10) with approximate numbers using scientific
notation.
Examples 1 Which is the least number?

A 2.7 105
B 2.7 105
C 2.7 106
D 2.7 106
Notice that the only difference among these numbers is the exponent on 10.
For numbers written in scientific notation, a negative exponent on 10 moves
the decimal point to the left, which makes the number smaller. The exponent
on 2.7 106 is the least and this is the least number. C
2 Express 3.6 105 in standard notation.

F 0.00036
G 0.000036
H 360,000
J 36,000,000
To rewrite 3.6 105 in standard notation, notice that it has a negative

power of 10. Move the decimal point to the left 5 places, the same number of
places as the absolute value of the exponent. 3.6 105 in standard notation
is 0.000036. G
3 A research scientist at the health department estimates that she has

5.3 million E. coli bacteria in a test tube. Express 5.3 million in scientific
notation.
A 5.3 105
B 5.3 105
C 5.3 106
D 5.3 106
First, write out 5.3 million in standard notation as 5,300,000. Then move the
decimal, until you have a number between 1 and 10, in this case, 5.300000
and multiply by a power of 10. The power of 10 is positive if you made the
original number smaller by moving the original decimal point to the left. The
exponent on 10 matches the number of places you moved the decimal. So
5.3 million is 5,300,000 which is 5.3 106. D
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.1
of each question.
1 The network of concrete roads in the United States expanded from 1

7,000 miles of road in 1917 to 50,000 miles of road in 1927. Express the
number of miles of concrete road in 1927 using scientific notation.
A 5 103
B 5 104
C 5 103
D 5 104
2 The distance from the sun to Jupiter is 4.84 108 miles. What is this 2
distance expressed in standard notation?
F 4,840,000,000 mi
G 484,000,000 mi
H 48,400,000,000 mi
J 48,400,000 mi
3 Two million gallons of ice cream are produced in the United States each 3
day. Express the number of gallons of ice cream produced in one week
using scientific notation.
A 2 106 gal
B 14 106 gal
C 2 107 gal
D 1.4 107 gal
4 Which is the least number? 4

F 8.9 104
G 8.9 103
H 8.9 104
J 8.9 103
5 In a recent year, the Port of South Louisiana handled 1.93 108 tons of 5
cargo. Which of the following is the best estimate for the amount of cargo
the port handled that year?
A 19,000,000 tons
B 200,000,000 tons
C 1,900,000,000 tons
D 2,000,000,000 tons
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.2
Add, subtract, multiply and divide rational numbers (integers, fractions and
NS 1.2
terminating decimals) and take rational numbers to whole number powers.
Examples 1 What is the value of 31 3?

A 27
B 18
1
C
27
1
D
18
31 3 means 31 31 13 or . You can also write 3 3 as

1 1 1 3 1
27 3
which is
3 27
. C
2 What is the sum of 26 18?

F 18
G 8
H 8
J 18
The sum of two numbers with different signs takes the sign of the number
with the larger absolute value. Since 26 18, the sign will be negative. So
26 18 8. G
1 9
3 What is the value of 1 5 ?
14
27
A
35
9
B
10
13
C 115
8
D 245
9 9
To divide by , you multiply by the multiplicative inverse of .
14 14
1 9 1 14 14 9
1 5
14
1 5 9
is the multiplicative inverse of .
9 14
6 14 1 5 1 6

5 9
1 5 5
5
or 5
2
6 14

5

93
The GCF of 6 and 9 is 3.
2 14

53
Multiply.
28 13
or 1
15 15
C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.2
of each question.
1 What is the value of 18 (14)? 1

A 4
B 4
C 32
D 32
2 A carpenter is installing a countertop in a bathroom between two walls 2

3 1
that are 5 8 feet apart. If the piece of countertop material is 6 2 feet long,
how much will have to be cut off before the countertop is installed?
1
F ft
8
5
G ft
8
1
H 1 8 ft
7
J 11 8 ft
3 What is the value of 5 ?

2 3
3
A 1.2
6
B
125
6
C
15
8
D
125
2 2
4 What is the value of 8 3 3 ? 4
4 4
F 8 9 G 8 6
1 4
H 9 3 J 9 3
5 John plans to build a three-sided pen for his goat. He wants the three 5
sides to measure 9.8 feet, 16 feet, and 12.25 feet. How much fencing does
he need in order to build the pen?
A 38.05 ft B 37.5 ft
C 37.33 ft D 13.39 ft
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.3
Convert fractions to decimals and percents and use these representations in
NS 1.3
estimations, computations, and applications.
Examples 1 What is the value of 31 expressed as a percent to the nearest tenth of a percent?
A 0.3%
B 3.3%
C 30.0%
D 33.3%
Write a proportion.
1 n

3

100
100 1 3n Cross multiply.
100 3n

3

3
Divide each side by 3.
33.3 n
1
Thus
3
33.3%. D
5
2 Express 1 8 centimeters as a decimal.
F 1.5 cm
G 1.525 cm
H 1.6 cm
J 1.625 cm
To write a fraction as a decimal, divide the numerator by the denominator.
5 8 5
1 8
8 8
13
or 1.625
8
J
3 A newsletter reports that 4 out of 10 Americans try to get regular physical

activity. In a group of 200 Americans, how many would you expect to
attempt to exercise regularly?
A 20
B 40
C 60
D 80
4 4
The phrase “4 out of 10” means . To find of the group of 200, use a
10 10
proportion.
4 x

10

200
10 x 4 200 Cross multiply.
10x 800
x 80 Divide each side by 10. D
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.3
of each question.
3
1 What is expressed as a decimal? 1
8
A 0.125
B 0.267
C 0.375
D 2.67
2 The Beverage Marketing Corporation found that one out of six 2

households buys bottled water. Express the fraction of households that
buy bottled water as a percent to the nearest tenth of a percent.
F 16.7%
G 16.6%
H 16%
J 6%
3 Which list is in order from least to greatest? 3

1
A 35%, 3 , 0.36, 0.309
1
B 0.309, 3 , 35%, 0.36
1
C 0.309, 35%, 0.36,
3
1
D , 35%, 0.36, 0.309
3
4 Which is the best estimate of 32% of 60,000? 4

F 20
G 200
H 2,000
J 20,000
5 In a magazine survey on favorite perfumes, 5% of those surveyed said 5

that they never use perfume. In a group of 120 people who read this
magazine, how many would you expect never use perfume?
A 60
B 42
C 24
D 6
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.4
NS 1.4 Differentiate between rational and irrational numbers.
Examples 1 Suppose n is a real number and that 2n is irrational. Which statement must
be true?
A n is irrational.
B n is an integer.
C n is rational but not an integer.
D n is neither rational nor irrational.
Since 2 is a rational number (because it can be written as the ratio of two

2 6
integers, such as 1 or 3 ) this means that the number 2n can only be irrational
if n is irrational. A
2 Which of the following is true of 7?

F It is rational.
G It is a terminating decimal.
H It is irrational.
J It is a repeating decimal.
Terminating and repeating decimals are both rational numbers since they can
be expressed as fractions. Only the square roots of perfect squares are rational
numbers. But 7 is not a perfect square. 7 is an irrational number. H
3 Which of the following numbers is rational?

A 2
B 0.010110111…
C 2
D 0.33333…
Because 2 is not a perfect square, both 2 and 2 are irrational.
Although 0.010110111… has a predictable pattern, it does not have one
repeating set of digits. The number 0.33333… is a repeating decimal, in
1
which the digit 3 repeats without stopping, and it is equal to the fraction
3
or the ratio 1:3. This means that 0.33333… is a rational number. D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.4
of each question.
1 Which of the following numbers is rational? 1

A 41
B 4.989796...
C 4.393993999...
D 4.262626...
2 Which of the following numbers is irrational? 2

F 3.333...
1
G
3
H 3
1
J
33
3 Which of the following is not true of 1? 3

A It is a real number.
B It is an integer.
C It is rational.
D It is irrational.
4 Which of the following is true of 0.123212321232...? 4

F It is irrational.
G It is a repeating decimal.
H It is a terminating decimal.
J It is neither rational nor irrational.
5 Suppose that n is a rational number. Which statement must be true for 2n? 5
A 2n is irrational.
B 2n is an integer.
C 2n is a repeating decimal.
D 2n is a real number.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.5
Know that every fraction is either a terminating or repeating decimal and
NS 1.5
be able to convert terminating decimals into reduced fractions.
Examples 1 Which is an equivalent fraction for 0.0625?

1 1
A B
16 8
5 3
C D 4
8
0.0625
To change 0.0625 to a fraction, first write 1
.
0.0625
0.0625
1
625 10,000

10,000
Multiply by .
10,000
1 625

10,000
The GCF of 625 and 10,000 is 625.
16
1
A
16
2 Which one of the following statements is true?

F All rational numbers can be written as either terminating or repeating
decimals.
G Some rational numbers cannot be written as repeating or terminating
decimals.
H All irrational numbers can be written both as repeating decimals and as
terminating decimals.
J Some repeating decimals are irrational numbers.
H is clearly false, since a repeating decimal, such as 0.333..., cannot be equal
to a terminating decimal, such as 0.33. J is false because all repeating
decimals are rational numbers. G is false because every rational number can
be written as either a terminating decimal or as a repeating decimal. F
3 Beverly’s goal is to graduate with at least a 3.65 cumulative grade average.

Which mixed number is equivalent to 3.65?
13 11
A 3
200
B 3
25
13 15
C 3
20
D 3
20
65
3.65 3
100
13
65
3
100
Divide numerator and denominator by their GCF, 5.
20
13
3
20
C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.5
of each question.
1 Which of the following cannot be written as a fraction? 1

A an integer
B a terminating decimal
C a repeating decimal
D a non-terminating, non-repeating decimal
2 Which is an equivalent fraction for 0.187? 2

187
F
100
187
G
1,000
187
H
10,000
187
J
100,000
3 Which is an equivalent fraction for 0.325? 3

9
A
25
16
B
25
13
C
40
7
D
30
4 The wingspan of a particular airplane is 59.6 feet. Which is an equivalent 4

mixed number for 59.6 feet?
2 3
F 59 5 ft G 59 5 ft
4 3
H 59 6 ft J 59 4 ft
5 Which of the following statements is true? 5

A Terminating decimals are both rational and irrational.
B Repeating decimals and terminating decimals are irrational.
C Some terminating decimals are irrational.
D All repeating decimals are rational.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.6
NS 1.6 Calculate the percentage of increases and decreases of a quantity.
Examples 1 When the Betrway Company bought a new machine for its factory, the
machine cost $250,000. A year later, for tax purposes the value of the
machine was $226,000. What was the percent decrease in the value of the
machine?
A 9.6%
B 10.6%
C 90.4%
D 110.6%
The percent of decrease is the ratio of the amount of decrease to the
previous, or original, amount, and is expressed as a percent.
250,000 226,000
percent of decrease
250,000
24,000

250,000
0.096 or 9.6% A
2 The price of an airline ticket has gone from $550 to $650. What is the
percent increase in the price of the ticket rounded to the nearest hundredth?
F 1.81%
G 15.38%
H 18.18%
J 100%
650 550
percent of increase
550
100

550
0.1818...
18.18% H
3 A computer is selling now for $999. Six months ago, the same computer sold
for $1,299. What is this percent decrease in price?
A 2.3%
B 23%
C 30%
D 300%
1,299 999
percent of decrease
1,299
300

1299
23% B
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.6
of each question.
1 In 2004, a particular music system cost $700 in January, and by March 1

the price had dropped to $600. By what percent did the price of the music
system decrease?
A 1.2%
B 14.3%
C 16.7%
D 85.7%
2 If the value of Stock A rises from $86.00 to $98.90 by the end of the day, 2
what is the percent of increase in the value of Stock A?
F 13%
G 15%
H 85%
J 87%
3 In 2002, the enrollment at a particular rural high school was 3

1,780 students. By 2004, the enrollment had increased to 2,403. Find the
percent of increase in enrollment for the high school.
A 26%
B 35%
C 40%
D 74%
4 Allison bought a pair of jeans for $32. After sales tax, the final price of 4
the jeans was $34.88. What percent was the sales tax?
F 8%
G 8.5%
H 9%
J 9.5%
5 A cold front causes the temperature to drop from 80º to 48º within two 5
hours. Find the percent of decrease in temperature caused by the cold front.
A 40%
B 45%
C 60%
D 67%
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.7
Solve problems that involve discounts, markups, commissions, and profit,
NS 1.7
and compute simple and compound interest.
Examples 1 The original price of a jogging suit was $52. The suit is discounted 20%, and
there is 5% sales tax on the discount price. What is the final price?
A $39.52
B $41.34
C $41.60
D $43.68
To find the amount of the discount, use the percent equation, RB P, where
R is the rate, B is the base, and P is the percentage, to find 20% of $52.
0.20 $52 P. P $10.40. Subtract this discount from the original price:
$52 $10.40 $41.60. To find the sales tax, use the percent equation to
find the amount of the tax: 0.05 $41.60 $2.08. Add the tax to the
discount price to find the final price: $41.60 $2.08 $43.68. D
2 Jenny earns a 5% commission on the computers she sells. If she sells a

computer for $945, how much commission does she earn?
F $47.25
G $99.23
H $472.50
J $992.25
To find 5% of $945, multiply: 0.05 $945 $47.25. She earns $47.25 in

commission. F
3 Terri deposits $1,000 in a bank account paying 3% interest compounded once

each year. How much will Terri have after 5 years?
A $1,030.00
B $1,150.00
C $1,159.27
D $5,150.00
To find the amount of the balance after the first year, multiply $1,000 by
1.03. Each succeeding year, the new balance is multiplied by an additional
1.03. This can be represented by $1,000(1.03)n where n represents the
number of years. For five years, the balance is $1,000(1.03)5 which, rounded
to the nearest cent, is $1,159.27. C
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 1.7
of each question.
1 Rick, a real estate agent, earns a commission of 6% on the sale of a 1

$130,000 home. How much does he make from the sale?
A $5,200.00
B $7,800.00
C $21,666.67
D $78,000.00
2 Lucienda sells homemade soap over the Internet. She calculates the cost 2
of making the soaps and marks the price up by 120%. If it costs $0.75 to
make a bar of vanilla soap, how much does she charge per bar of vanilla
soap?
F $9.00
G $1.65
H $1.35
J $0.90
3 What is the final price of a $30 backpack if it is discounted 30% and 3

there is an 8.5% sales tax on the discount price?
A $9.77
B $21.00
C $22.79
D $23.30
1
4 Frank borrowed $1,000 to be repaid over 1 2 years at a simple interest rate 4
of 8%. How much interest will he pay?
F $12
G $120
H $125
J $1200
5 Sylvia put $500 into a savings fund that pays 5.5% compound interest 5
annually. How much will she have in the account after 3 years?
A $516.50
B $527.50
C $587.12
D $617.42
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 2.1
Understand negative whole number exponents. Multiply and divide
NS 2.1
expressions involving exponents with a common base.
Examples 1 What is the value of 23?

A 8
B 6
1
C
8
D 8
1
23
23
Definition of negative exponents
1
C
8
35
2 Which number is equivalent to ?
32
F 13
G 33
H 37
J 93
Method 1
35

32
35 32
35 2 Add the exponents to multiply expressions with a
common base.
37
Method 2
35

32
35(2) Divide expressions with a common base by subtracting
the exponents.
37 H
3 Which number is equivalent to (54)(53)?

A 512
B 57
C 51
D 5
To multiply expressions with a common base, add the exponents.
(54)(53) 54 3
51 C
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 2.1
of each question.
1 What is the value of 32? 1

A 9
B 9
1
C
9
1
D
6
2 Which is the product of 29 and 28? 2

F 272
G 217
H 2
J 21
3 Which number is equivalent to 73 73? 3

A 7
B 0
C 1
D 7
4 Which number is equivalent to 46 43? 4

F 418
G 42
H 43
J 49
1
5 Which number is equivalent to ? 5
81
A 8
B 0
C 1
D 8
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 2.2
Add and subtract fractions by using factoring to find common
NS 2.2
denominators.
Examples 1 What is the sum 32 45 ?

6
A
15
8
B 15
6
C 8
7
D 1 15
2 4 10 12
Rename each fraction using the LCD, 15.
3 5 15 15
22
15
Add the numerators.
7
1
15
D
4 1 19
5

8
?
20
7
F
40
1
G
40
1
H
40
J 2
4 1 19 32 5 38

5

8

20

40 40 40
Rename each fraction using the LCD, 40.
32 5 38

40
1
40
G
7 3
3 What is the difference 3 8 4 ?
1
A 2 8
1
B 3 8
5
C 3 8
D 4
Rename the fractions with a common denominator.
7 3 7 6
3 8
4
3 8
8
1
3 8 B

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 2.2
of each question.
2 1
1 What is the sum
3
1 6 ? 1
5
A
6
1
B 1 3
5
C 1 6
1
D 2 2
3 1
2 Find the sum and 5 . 2
4
3
F
20
4
G
9
11
H
20
19
J
20
3 3
3 What is the difference 1 8 4 ? 3
3 5
A B
8 8
3 5
C 1 8 D 1 8
1 1 1
3

2
4 ? 4
1 4
F G
12 12
7 1
H J 1
12 12
5 What is the perimeter of the window? 318– ft 5

1
A 6 4 ft
3 214– ft 214– ft
B 6 4 ft
1
C 10 4 ft 318– ft
3
D 10 4 ft

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 2.3
NS 2.3 Multiply, divide, and simplify rational numbers by using exponent rules.
Examples 1 What is the value of (42)(43)?

A 4
B 46
C 0.25
D 4
When the bases are the same, multiply numbers with exponents by adding
the exponents.
(42)(43) 42 3
41
4 D
17
2 What is the value of ?
19
F 1
7
G
9
H 1
J 2
17 1
The value of 1 with any exponent is 1. So is or 1. H
19 1
95
3 What is the value of ?
92
A 93
B 13
C 27
D 729
When the bases are the same, divide numbers with exponents by subtracting
the exponent of the denominator from the exponent of the numerator.
95

92
95 2
93
999 Definition of an exponent
729 D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 2.3
of each question.
1 What is the value of 34 310? 1

A 1
B 36
C 96
D 314
75
2 Find the value of . 2
79
F 714
G 74
H 74
J 714

A 5
B 1
C 51
D 53
24
4 Evaluate
22
22. 4
F 16
G 8
H 2
1
J
4
43
4
43? 5
A 42
B 4
1
C
4
D 47
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 2.4
Use the inverse relationship between raising to a power and extracting the
NS 2.4
root of a perfect square integer; for an integer that is not square, determine
without a calculator the two integers between which its square root lies and
explain why.
?
Examples 1 What is the value of 64
A 8
B 32
C 64
D 4,096
The square root of 64 is 8 because 64 8 8. A
2 The pendulum shown in the picture is 0.25 meters long.

To find the approximate time, T, in seconds for one
full swing of the pendulum, you can use the equation 0.25 m
T 2 0.25. About how long will it take the pendulum
to make one full swing?
F 0.25 s
G 0.5 s
H 0.75 s
J 1s

T 20.25
2(0.5) 0.5 since 0.5 0.5 0.25
0.25
1s J
lie?
3 Between which two integers does 11
A 3 and 4
B 5 and 6
C 9 and 10
D 10 and 11
To estimate 11, recall that 2 2 4, 3 3 9, and 4 4 16. Since

11 lies between 9 and 16, this means that the square root of 11 lies between
9 and 16, or between the integers 3 and 4. A

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 2.4
of each question.
?
1 What is 81 1
A 1
B 3
C 9
D 81
2 What is the largest perfect square less than 60? 2

F 36
G 49
H 50
J 64
lie?
3 Between which two integers does 19 3
A 19 and 20
B 18 and 19
C 4 and 5
D 3 and 4
4 In which region on the number line does 3 lie? 4

F G H J
–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5
F F
G G
H H
J J
5 Is the value of 8 closer to 2 or to 3? 5

A It is closer to 2.
B It is closer to 3.
C It is the same distance from 2 as from 3.
D It is a perfect square.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 2.5
Understand the meaning of the absolute value of a number, interpret the
NS 2.5
absolute value as the distance of the number from zero on a number line,
and determine the absolute value of real numbers.
Examples 1 What does the absolute value of a number represent?

A Its decimal value
B Its distance from zero on the number line
C The lesser of the number and its opposite
D The value of the opposite of the number
The absolute value of a number is the distance of the number from zero on a
number line, without regard to direction. B
2 What is the value of |6|?

F 6
1
G 6
1
H
6
J 6
On a number line, the distance of 6 from zero is 6. This means that the
absolute value of 6 is 6. J
3 What is the value of |5 7|?

A 12
B 2
C 2
D 12
Treat the absolute value bars as a grouping symbol.

|5 7| |12| Simplify 5 7.
(12) |12 | 12
12 A

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Number Sense 2.5
of each question.
1 What is the value of |22| ? 1

A 22
B 0
C 1
D 22
2 Find the value of |16 9| . 2

F 7
G 5
H 5
J 7
3 What is the value of | 3 (14)| ? 3

A 17
B 11
C 11
D 17
4 Evaluate | 20 14 | . 4
F 14
G 6
H 6
J 14
5 Which of the following describes the absolute value of 10º? 5

A It is the distance from 10º to 10º on the thermometer.
B It is the distance from 10º to 0º on the thermometer.
C It is the actual temperature outside when the thermometer reads 10º.
D None of these describe the absolute value of 10º.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Algebra and Functions 1.1
Use variables and appropriate operations to write an expression, an
AF 1.1
equation, an inequality, or a system of equations or inequalities that
represents a verbal description (e.g., three less than a number, half as large
as area A).
Examples 1 Which expression represents five more than twice a number?

A 2x 5
B 10x
C 2x 5
D (5 2)x
The phrase twice a number means 2 times the number, which you can
represent with 2 times x, or 2x. The phrase five more means to add 5 to the
quantity 2x. Represent this by 2x 5. C
2 Andre is reading a book that has 280 pages. The page he is about to read has
the number x. Which expression represents the number of pages he must still
read to finish his book?
F 2x
G 280 x
H (280 x) 1
J (280 x) 1
Use a simpler problem to help you find the answer. If he is on page 5 of a
book that has 10 pages, then he has to read pages 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. He has
6 pages to read. The expression that gives the correct answer of 6 for this
simpler problem is (10 5) 1. This simpler problem shows why the correct
expression is (280 x) 1. H
3 Beatriz has 20 coins in quarters and nickels. The total value of her coins is
$2.20. Which system of two equations can you use to find the number of
quarters, q, she has and the number of nickels, n, she has?
A q n 20
0.30qn 2.20
B q n 20
0.25q 0.05n 2.20
C q n 2.20
0.25q 0.05n 20
D q n 20
q n 2.20
The number of coins is 20, so q n 20. The value of the quarters is 0.25q
and the value of the nickels is 0.05n, so the total value of the coins is
0.25q 0.05n 2.20. B
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which expression represents three less than four times a number? 1

A 4n 3
B 3 4n
C 4n 3
D 12n
2 Which expression or equation represents six more than a number is ten? 2

F n6
G 6n 10
H n 6 10
J n 6 10
3 Sara and Pam together checked out 12 books from the library for a research 3
project. If x is the number of books checked out in Sara’s name, which
expression represents the number of books checked out in Pam’s name?
A 12x
B 12 x
C x 12
D x 12
4 Which inequality represents a number increased by two is at least 10? 4

F x 2 10 G x 2 10
H 2x 10 J 2x 10
5 Juan bought 15 student and non-student tickets worth $223.50 altogether. 5

The student tickets cost $12.50 each and the non-student tickets cost
$18.50 each. Which system of equations could you use to find the number
of student tickets, s, and the number of non-student tickets, n, that he has?
A s n 15
12.50s 18.50n 223.50
B s n 15
31.00ns 223.50
C s n 223.50
12.50s 18.50n 15
D s n 223.50
s n 15
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Use the correct order of operations to evaluate algebraic expressions such
AF 1.2
as 3(2x 5)2.
Examples 1 What is the value of 2(3x 1)2 if x 2?

A 20
B 18
C 50
D 72
2(3x 1)2 2(3 2 1)2 Replace x with 2.
2(6 1)2 Simplify inside the parentheses first.
2(5)2
2(25) Evaluate the exponent.
50 C
2x2 13x 15
x5
if x 4?
F 27
G 5
H 5
J 21
2x2 13x 15 2(4)2 13(4) 15

x5

45
Replace x with 4.
2(16) 52 15

1
The fraction bar acts as a grouping symbol.
32 52 15

1
5

1
5 H
3 You can convert the temperature in degrees Celsius C to degrees Fahrenheit F

9
with the formula F 5 C 32. What is the temperature in degrees
Fahrenheit that is the same as 30 degrees Celsius?
A 100
B 86
C 68
D 14
Replace C in the formula with 30.
9
F 5 C 32
9
5 (30) 32
54 32 Multiply before adding.
86 B
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 You can find the perimeter of a rectangle using P 2 2w, where is 1

length and w is width. What is the perimeter of a rectangle of length
18 centimeters and width 12 centimeters?
A P 30 cm
B P 34 cm
C P 60 cm
D P 216 cm
2 What is the value of 8 3(6x 1) if x 2? 2

F 143
G 47
H 25
J 121
3 What is the value of 12 8 2 4 1? 3

A 4
B 3
1
C 5 2
D 9
4 What is the value of a2 3a 1 if a 2? 4

F 11
G 3
H 2
J 1
n2 8n
n2 4n
if n 5? 5
A 3
B 2
C 2
D 3
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Simplify numerical expressions by applying properties of rational numbers,
AF 1.3
(e.g., identity, inverse, distributive, associative, commutative) and justify the
process used.
Examples 1 Which property justifies the statement 5(1 0) 5(1) 5(0)?

A Multiplication property of 1
B Distributive property
C Associative property for addition
D Addition property of zero
Notice that the multiplying 5 is distributed to both 1 and 0. This is an

example of the distributive property, a(b c) ab ac. B
2 Which expression is equivalent to 7x 7x?

F 0
G x
H 14x
J 14x2
The number 7x is the opposite of the number 7x. This expression is an
example of the property that says that the sum of a number and its additive
inverse is always zero. F
3 Which equation is always true?

A 5(a b) 5a b
B 5(ab) (5a)(5b)
C 5(a b) 5(b a)
D 5(a 0) 5a 5
The commutative property for addition says that a b b a. This is the

change that has been made to rewrite the left side of 5(a b) as 5(b a).
This statement is always true. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Choose the expression that is equivalent to 8(x 3). 1

A 8x 3
B 8 2x
C 8x 24
D 8x 24
x 2
2 Which expression is equivalent to
3
2 ? 2
3x
F
6
x
G
3
H 3x
3
J
x
3 Which equation is always true? 3

A 5x y 5y x
B 5(x y) 5x y
C xyyx
D xyyx
4 Which property of real numbers justifies the statement 4

2 (7 4) (2 7) 4?
F Distributive property
G Commutative property of multiplication
H Associative property of multiplication
J Multiplicative property of zero
5 Which expression completes the commutative property of addition: 5

(a b) c ___?
A ac bc
B c (a b)
C a (b c)
D abc
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Use algebraic terminology (e.g. variable, equation, term, coefficient,
AF 1.4
inequality, expression, constant) correctly.
Examples 1 What is the coefficient in the expression 2w5?

A w
B 2
C 2
D 5
The numerical multiplier in a monomial such as 2w5 is called the

coefficient. In the expression 2w5, the number that is multiplied by the
variable, w5, is 2. B
2 Which of these words correctly identifies 5x 2

12?
F Constant
G Equation
H Expression
J Inequality
In words, 5x 2
12 means that 5x 2 is less than or equal to 12. The
symbol
tells you that this is an inequality. J
3 How many terms are there in the expression 5y2 3y 7?

A 6
B 5
C 4
D 3
The terms in an algebraic expression are separated by either or . The

terms in the expression 5y2 3y 7 are 5y2, 3y, and 7. Thus, there are
three terms in the expression. D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which word correctly identifies 2x 7 13? 1

A Inequality
B Expression
C Equation
D Constant
2 What is the coefficient of r in the expression 3p q 4r s? 2

F 4
G 1
H 1
J 4
3 How many terms are there in the expression 5a2 7ab 4b2 2? 3
A 3
B 4
C 5
D 6
4 What is the value of the constant term in the expression 3x 5y z 1? 4

F 5
G 3
H 1
J 1
5 Which of the following is an inequality? 5

A x7
B x4y
C xy
D 3x1
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Represent quantitative relationships graphically and interpret the meaning
AF 1.5
of a specific part of a graph in the situation represented by the graph.
Examples In this graph, the x-values represent y

the dollar amount of the sales that 600
Sara made. The y-values represent Total
Weekly 400
her total weekly earnings. Sara Earnings
receives a weekly salary plus a 200
commission that is a percent of her
sales. Use this graph for Examples 1 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 x
and 2. Amount of Sales
1 If Sara doubles the dollar amount of her sales, do her weekly earnings double?
A No
B Yes
C Sometimes
D Cannot tell from the information in the graph
Look at the graph and see if the y-value (earnings) doubles when the x-value
goes from 200 to 400, or from 400 to 800. Nowhere does the graph show that
her earnings have doubled. A
2 What is Sara’s weekly salary without commission?

F $500
G $600
H $700
J $1,000
Notice that the graph begins at $600 and shows how much more than that
amount Sara earns from her commission on sales. Her salary is $600. G
3 Greg left home at 8 A.M. After picking up a

120
package in Pinehurst, he drove back home Distance
along a straight highway. The graph shows his from 80
Home
distance from home at different times of day. (mi) 40
Which statement is not supported by the
information given in the graph? 0 8 11 2
A. M . A. M . P. M.
A Greg’s average driving speed was 60 mi/h.
Time
B Greg stopped for 2 hours on his way to
Pinehurst.
C There were two bends in the highway from home to Pinehurst.
D Greg used the same route from home to Pinehurst that he used to return.
The graph relates time and distance so you can calculate speed. The graph
has no information about bends in the highway. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 The graph at the right shows sales 19 1

for six months at the Brand A Cola 18
17
Company. Which information is Sales ($) 16
supported by the graph? in Millions 15
14
A Overall sales dropped from July 13
to October. July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
B From August to September sales
dropped.
C Sales increased at a constant rate from October to December.
D Sales dipped below $15 million for the month of July.
2
2 Which description best matches the y
portion of the graph at the right? 12
F Filling up a bathtub with 14 gallons Amount
of Water 8
of water and then draining it. (gallons)
G Filling up a bathtub with 14 gallons 4
of water.
0 4 8 12 16 x
H Draining a bathtub full of water after Time (minutes)
letting it sit for 11 minutes.
J Pouring out a bucket of water after letting it sit for 11 minutes.
3
3 The best-fit line for the profits of a y
5-year-old company is shown at the right.
4
Which information is supported by the Profit
graph? ($) in 2
Millions
A The company has always made a profit. 0
2 4 6 8 x
B By the end of its sixth year, the company
should be making about $2 million in profit. Years
C The company started making a profit between the first and second years.
D When the company started, they were a million dollars in debt.
4
4 The graph at the right shows the weight of a y
bucket as it is filled with sand. How much 6
does the bucket weigh when it is empty? Weight of
4
F 0 lb G 1 lb Bucket (lb)
H 5 lb J 6 lb 2
0
2 4 6 x
Amount of Sand (lb)

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Interpret positive whole number powers as repeated multiplication and
AF 2.1
negative whole number powers as repeated division or multiplication by the
multiplicative inverse. Simplify and evaluate expressions that include
exponents.
Examples 1 What is the simplified form of ( g 4h)6 ?

A g 46h16
B g 24h7
C g 24h6
D g10h7
The exponent, 6, on the parentheses tells you to use the term within the
parentheses as a factor 6 times.
(g 4h)6 g4h g4h g4h g4h g4h g4h Definition of an exponent
g 4 4 4 4 4 4 h1 1 1 1 1 1
g h C
24 6
2 Which expression is equal to (34)(32)?

F 38
G 92
34
H
32
34
J
32
Multiplying by 32 is the same as dividing by 32. You can rewrite this
34
expression as . J
32
3 A university plans to increase the student population by 4 103. How many

additional students does the university plan to add?
A 120
B 400
C 4,000
D 64,000
The quantity 4 103 is 4 10 10 10, or 4,000. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which expression is equivalent to ( x 4)5? 1

A ( x 4)( x 4)( x 4)( x 4)( x 4)
B ( x 4)( x 4)( x 4)( x 4)
C ( x 5)( x 5)( x 5)( x 5)( x 5)
D x9
2 Which expression is equivalent to 95? 2

F 99999
G 9 5
1
H
99999
J 199999
3 What is the simplified form of (2a2b)6 ? 3

A 2a12b6
B 2a8b6
C 64a8b6
D 64a12b6
(25)(23)
4 Evaluate . 4
23
1
F
32
1
G
2
H 2
J 32
5 Which expression is equivalent to (p3qr1)5? 5

A p8q4r6
p15r5
B
q5
C p15qr5
D p8q5r5
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Multiply and divide monomials; extend the process of taking powers and
AF 2.2
extracting roots to monomials when the latter results in a monomial with
an integer exponent.
Examples 1 Which expression is equivalent to 5m6 (2m3)?

A 7m9
B 10m9
C 10m18
D 40m18
To multiply these monomials, first multiply the numeric coefficients and then
multiply the variables with the same base by adding the exponents.
5m6(2m3) (5 2)(m6 m3) Associative property
10m6 3
10m9 B
10a4b2
2 Which expression is equivalent to ?
15a2b5
2a2
F 3
3b
2a6
G 7
3b
5a2
H 3
3b
5a6
J 7
3b
2 a2 1
10a4b2 10a4b2

15a2b5

15a2b5 3
Divide by the GCF, 5a2b2.
3 1 b
2a2
3
3b
F
3 Which expression is equivalent to

36a4b16?
A 18a2b4
B 6a2b4
C 18a2b8
D 6a2b8

36a4b16
66
a2 a2
b8
b8 Associative property
6 a2 b8 D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Choose the expression that is equivalent to 3x10(8x2). 1

A 24x12
B 3x20
C 24x20
D 3x12
14a5b3
2 Which expression is equivalent to ? 2
6ab7
7a4
F 4
3b
2a4
G
b4
7a6
H
b10
7a4b4
J
3
3 Which expression is equivalent to (3mn5)4? 3

A 12m4n20
B 12m5n20
C 81m4n20
D 81m5n20
4 Choose the expression that is equivalent to

9x4. 4
F 9x4
G 9x2
H 3x4
J 3x2
5 Which expression is equivalent to (5x3y8)2 (x7y)3? 5

25y7
A
x5
25y13
B
x15
5y13
C
x15
5y7
D
x5

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
AF 3.1 Graph functions of the form y nx2 and y nx3 and use in solving
problems.
Examples 1 Which point is on both the graph of y x2 and the graph of y x3?
A (1, 0)
B (0, 1)
C (1, 1)
D (1, 1)
The graph of y x2 is a parabola through the origin symmetric about the
y-axis and opening downward. The graph of y x3 is a curve through the
origin and contained in Quadrants I and III. If they intersect at any point
other than the origin, that point will be in Quadrant III. For what value of x,
other than zero, does x2 x3. Trying x 1 shows that it does not satisfy
the equation, but x 1 does. The point (1, 1) satisfies both equations
and is on both graphs. D
2 Which equation represents the function graphed at the y

right?
F y 2x2
G y x2
H y 2x2 O x
J y x2
Since the parabola opens upward, the coefficient on x2 must be positive.
Checking a value, for example x 1, shows that the point (1, 1) is on the
graph, so the equation is y x2. G
3 Which graph represents the area of squares with sides 1 centimeter,

2 centimeters, 3 centimeters, and 4 centimeters?
A V B V
12 16
6 8
0 2 4 e 0 2 4 e
C V D V
60
4
40
2
20
0 20 40 60 e
0 2 4 e
Since A s2, the areas are 1 cm2, 4 cm2, 9 cm2, and 16 cm2. Those points lie
on a portion of a parabola in Quadrant I. B
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which equation represents the function graphed at y 1

the right?
A y 2x2
B y 2x2 O x
C y x2
D y x2
2 Which equation represents the function graphed at y 2

the right?
F y x3
O x
G y 2x3
1
H y
2
x3
J y x4
3 Which points are on both the graph of y 2x2 and the graph of y x3? 3
A (2, 8) and (0, 0) B (2, 8) and (2, 8)
C (2, 8) and (8, 2) D (2, 8) and (0, 0)
4 Martin uses the function y 0.2x3 to predict y 4

the future value of his favorite baseball card, 40
where x is the number of years since he bought 20
the card, and y is the value in dollars that the
card is worth. Use the graph of the function to O 2 4 6 x
the right to determine the approximate future
value of his favorite baseball card in 6 years.
F About $45 G About $50
H About $55 J About $60
5 The formula y 0.66x2 represents the number of y 5

miles x that can be seen when flying at a height of 2400
y feet. Use the graph at the right to determine the
1600
approximate number of miles that can be seen at a
height of 2,000 feet. 800
A About 60 miles –40 O 40 x

B About 55 miles
C About 50 miles
D About 45 miles
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Plot the values from the volumes of three-dimensional shapes for various
AF 3.2
values of the edge lengths (e.g., cubes with varying edge lengths or a
triangle prism with a fixed height and a varying length equilateral triangle
base of varying lengths).
Examples 1 Jana makes a model of a cube. Maria makes a cube with an edge that is three
times the length of the edge of Jana’s. What is the volume of Maria’s cube?
A twice the volume of Jana’s
B three times the volume of Jana’s
C nine times the volume of Jana’s
D twenty seven times the volume of Jana’s
For a cube, V e3. If Jana’s cube has an edge of e, then Maria’s has an edge
of 3e, so the volume of Maria’s is V (3e)3 or V 33e3 which is 27e3. D
2 Which equation represents the volume of a triangular prism with height

5 feet and a base that is an equilateral triangle of side s?
F V 5(3s)
1
G V 3 (5s)
H V 5
4
s2
3
J V (5s)3
For a triangular prism with a height of 5, V 5B, where B is the area of the
1
base. Find the area of an equilateral triangle of side s using A 2 sh, where
h is the height, or altitude. For an equilateral triangle, h 2 3. So the

s
area is A 2 s 2 3 or
4
s2
1 s
3. Multiplying this by the height of 5 gives
53
V s2. H
4
3 What happens to the volume of a triangular prism with a height of 5 feet and
a base that is an equilateral triangle of side s when s is doubled?
A The volume is multiplied by 2.
B The volume is squared.
C The volume is cubed.
D The volume is multiplied by 4.
5
V 5
4
s2 3
3 or s2.
4
If s is replaced by 2s, s2 becomes 4s2. Doubling
the length of s means multiplying the volume by 4. D
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which graph represents the volumes of cubes with edges 1 centimeter, 1

2 centimeters, 3 centimeters, and 4 centimeters?
A V B V
12 16
6 8
0 2 4 e 0 2 4 e
C V D V
60
4
40
2
20
0 20 40 60 e
0 2 4 e
2 The height of a triangular prism is 2 inches. The base of the prism is an 2

equilateral triangle. Which graph represents the volume of the prism
when the length of the base is 2 inches, 4 inches, 6 inches, and 8 inches?
F V G V
40 60
20 30
0 4 8 0 4 8
H V J V
100 100
50 50
0 4 8 0 4 8
3 In order to plot a graph showing how the volume of a cylinder increases 3

as its height increases, which of the following must be true?
A The cylinders must have the same volume.
B The radius must be less than the height.
C The radius must be held constant.
D The height must be held constant.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Graph linear functions, noting that the vertical change (change in y-value)
AF 3.3
per unit of horizontal change (change in x-value) is always the same and
know that the ratio (“rise over run”) is called the slope of a graph.
Examples 1 Which equation does not describe the graph of the line with slope 31 and
y-intercept 1?
1 1
A y 3 3 (x 6) B y 1 3 (x 6)
C x 3y 3 D x 3y 15
The slope-intercept form of the equation of a straight line is y mx b.
1
Substitute the slope of 3 for m and the y-intercept of 1 for b. The equation
1
becomes y 3 x 1. Put the answer choice equations in this form also. The
1
equation x 3y 15 becomes 3y x 15 or y 3 x 5. D
2 Which equation best describes the graph at the right? y

F y 2x 1 G y 2x 7
H y 2x 7 J y 0.5x 7
The line in the graph rises from left to right, so it has
a positive slope. The graphed line is steeper than the
45° line ( y x), so its slope is greater than 1. The O x
y-intercept of the graphed line is 7. So the equation of
the graphed line is y 2x 7. G
3 The graph of a line contains the points (0, 3), (1, 2), and (2, y). What is the
value of y?
A 3 B 1
C 3 D 7
The slope of a line between any two points on the line is always the same.
Find the slope between the points (0, 3) and (1, 2).
3 2
m
01
5
or 5
1
The slope between (1, 2) and (2, y) is the same.
2y
m
12
2y
5
1
Slope 5
5 2 y Multiply each side by 1.
7 y
7y D
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which term describes the ratio of change in y-value to change in x-value? 1

A y-intercept
B x-intercept
C slope
D linear graph
2 What is the slope of the graph at the right? y 2

F 3
G 2
1
H
2 O x
J 2
3 What is the slope of side AB on the triangle at the right? B 3

A 0
B 1
C 1 A C
D no slope
4 Which of the three graphs below are linear functions? 4

Graph A Graph B Graph C
y y y
O x O x O x
F Graph B only
G Graph C only
H Graphs B and C
J Graphs A, B, and C
5 Which statement describes the slope of a linear graph? 5

A The slope is always negative for the portion of the line to the left of
zero.
B The slope stays the same.
C The slope is always positive.
D The slope can be described by “run over rise.”
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Plot values of quantities whose ratios are always the same (e.g., cost to the
AF 3.4
number of an item, feet to inches, circumference to diameter of a circle).
Fit a line to the plot and understand that the slope of the line equals the
quantities.
Examples 1 The cost y (in dollars) of x ballpoint pens is described by the equation
y 1.5x. If you graph this equation, which feature of the graph corresponds
to the cost of 1 pen?
A The slope
B The x-intercept
C The y-intercept
D The highest point
The slope of the graph represents the change in y divided by the change in x.
In this problem, the slope is the change in the cost divided by the change in
how many pens you buy. So the slope is the cost of 1 pen. A
2 The x-axis represents the number of hours a car travels. The y-axis represents
the number of miles the car travels. The graph shows a constant speed of
45 miles per hour. What is the slope of the line that joins the points (1, 45)
and (2, 90)?
F 1
G 2
H 45
J 90
Use the formula for slope.
y2 y1
m
x2 x1
90 45

21
45 H
3 A rectangle has a constant width of 10. What is the slope of the graph that
shows the length on the x-axis and the area on the y-axis?
A 10
B 20
C 40
D 100
The ratio of the area to the length is the width, a constant value of 10. When
the ratio is constant, that ratio is the slope of the line relating the two other
quantities. A
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which values complete the table to the x 2 1 0 1 1

right for y 3x? y
A 6, 3, 0, 3 B 6, 2, 0, 2
C 6, 2, 0, 2 D 6, 3, 0 3
2 The cost y in dollars of x pencils is described by the equation y 0.25x. 2

If you graph this equation, which feature of the graph corresponds to the
cost of one pencil?
F The slope G The y-intercept
H The x-intercept J The highest point
3 Which of the following shows approximately how the graph of the 3

equation C d will look, given that C is the circumference of a circle
of diameter d?
A C B C
O d O d
C C D C
O d O d
4 In Question 3, how is the number related to the graph of C d? 4

F It is the x-intercept of the graph.
G It is the slope of the graph.
H It is the value of d C for each point.
J It is the y-intercept of the graph.
5 Which of the equations below will graph the relationship between feet, f 5
and inches, i?
A f 12i B i 12f
C i 3f D f f 12
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Solve two-step linear equations and inequalities in one variable over the
AF 4.1
rational numbers, interpret the solution or solutions in the context from
which they arose, and verify the reasonableness of the results.
Examples 1 Sean went skiing 6 times last year. Emily skied at least once more than twice
this amount. Which statement is correct?
A Emily skied more than 13 times.
B Emily skied fewer than 13 times.
C The least number of times Emily skied is 13.
D The greatest number of times Emily skied is 13.
Let x be the number of times Emily skied. Represent the words “at least once
more than twice 6” in algebra: x 1 2(6). Simplify to x 13, so Emily
skied 13 times or more. C
2 The California Gold Discovery to Statehood Sesquicentennial celebrated

the 150th anniversaries of the discovery of gold, the Gold Rush, and its
statehood. The Gold Rush occurred one year after the discovery of gold.
California was admitted to the Union two years after the discovery of gold.
The equation x (x 1) (x 2) 5,547 can be solved to find the year
in which each of the three events occurred. What does x represent in this
equation?
F The year of the discovery of gold in California
G The year the Gold Rush began
H The year California received statehood
J The total number of years since the discovery of gold in California
The date of each event is compared to the year of the discovery of gold:
“California was admitted to the Union two years after the discovery of gold.”
In the equation, this is written as (x 2). So x represents the year of the
discovery of gold. F
y3
3 What is the solution to 5 ?
2
A y7
B y 7
C y7
D y 7
y3
5
2
10 y 3 Multiply each side by 2 and reverse the inequality symbol.
7 y Add 3 to each side.
y 7 D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
3
1 What is the solution to 4 x 7 2? 1
3
A x
4
1
B x 13
1
C x 64
D x 12
n7
2 Solve
5
4. 2
F n 27
G n 27
H n 13
J n 13
3 A car rental agency uses the equation y 0.35x 120 to compute the 3
total fee for a 3-day rental, where x is the number of miles driven in
excess of 150 miles. Which of the following is not a reasonable estimate
for the fee of a 3-day rental?
A $155.00
B $137.50
C $120.00
D $114.00
4 Marcus wants to save at least $200 this month to buy a new car stereo. 4
He already has $50 saved, and he works at a restaurant for $7.50/hour.
Which inequality can be used to find the number of hours he must work
to buy the stereo?
F 50 7.50h 200
G 50 7.50h 200
H 7.50h 50 200
J 50h 7.50
200
r
5 What is the solution to
3
4.63 12.1? 5
A r 2.49 B r 5.6
C r 22.41 D r 50.19
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Solve multi-step problems involving rate, average speed, distance and time,
AF 4.2
or a direct variation.
Examples 1 If y varies directly as x and y 12 when x 10, what is the value of x when
y 15?
A 12
1
B 12 2
C 18
1
D 18 2
Use a proportion.
12 15

10

x
12x 10 15 Cross multiply.
12x 150
x 12.5 Divide each side by 12. B
2 Juanita drives 50 miles in 2 hours on Tuesday. On Wednesday, she travels at

the same average speed for 3 hours. How far does she go on Wednesday?
F 50 miles
G 75 miles
H 100 miles
J 150 miles
Use the formula for distance, rate, and time: d rt. For the Tuesday trip,
50
50 r(2) so her average speed (r) is
2
or 25 miles per hour. For the
Wednesday trip, d 25(3), so the distance is 75 miles. G
2
3 Tom observes that the usual ratio of robins to bluejays in his yard is
5
. One
morning he counts 12 bluejays. About how many robins might he expect to
count?
A 2
B 3
C 4
D 5
Use a proportion.
2 r

5

12
5r 2 12 Cross multiply.
5r 24
r 4.8 Divide each side by 5.
Tom should expect to see about 5 robins. D
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Rosa is a geologist studying coastal rivers in southern California. She 1

found that silt was deposited in a riverbed at the rate of 4 inches every
500 years. How many years would it take to deposit 5 inches of silt?
A 400 years
B 550 years
C 625 years
D 800 years
2 Kathy’s scale model of a suspension bridge measures 16 inches in length, 2

while the actual bridge measures 400 feet. Which of the following is the
scale she used to build the model?
F 1 in. : 25 ft
G 1 in. : 36 ft
H 1 in. : 40 ft
J 1 in. : 50 ft
3 It takes Mio 18 minutes to drive 3 miles from her house to her friend’s 3
house. From there, she drives 5 more miles to a field hockey game. If
Mio drives the same average rate from her friend’s house to the game,
how long will it take her to drive from her friend’s house to the game?
A 5 min
B 10 min
C 30 min
D 48 min
4 The ratio of boys to girls who ride the bus to Kent Elementary is 5 to 6. 4
If 30 girls ride Bus #22, how many boys ride Bus #22?
F 25
G 30
H 36
J 42
5 If y varies directly as x and y 90 when x 32, what is the value of x 5

when y 225?
A 12.8 B 76
C 80 D 632.8
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Measurement and Geometry 1.1
Compare weights, capacities, geometric measures, times and temperatures
MG 1.1
within and between measurement systems (e.g., miles per hour and feet per
second, cubic inches to cubic centimeters).
Examples 1 How many seconds in a week?

A 168
B 3,600
C 86,400
D 604,800
Multiply ratios so that the units in the product compare seconds to a week.
60 seconds 60 minutes 24 hours 7 days 604,800 seconds

1 minute

1 hour

1 day

1 week

1 week
D
2 Which of these is a reasonable estimate for the capacity of a bottle of soda?

F 2 cm
G 2 lb
H 2g
J 2L
A pound is a unit of weight, a gram is a unit of mass, and a centimeter is a

unit of length. The only reasonable answer is 2 liters, since a liter is a unit of
volume or capacity. J
3 What is the mass in grams of 200 milligrams?

A 20 g
B 2g
C 0.2 g
D 0.02 g
1
One gram contains 1,000 milligrams, so 1 milligram
1000
of a gram.
x 1

200

1,000
1,000x 200 Cross multiply.

x 0.2 Divide each side by 1,000.
200 milligrams is equivalent to 0.2 grams. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 How many milliliters are in 2 liters of soda? 1

A 2,000
B 200
C 0.02
D 0.002
2 California is the second largest rice-producing state in the United States 2

after Arkansas in terms of tons of rice produced. California’s average rice
yield is 8,500 pounds per acre. How many ounces is this?
F 85 oz
G 850 oz
H 102,000 oz
J 136,000 oz
3 The speed limit in school zones in California is 15–20 mph. How many 3
feet per second is 15 mph? (1 mile 5,280 feet)
A 5.9 ft/s
B 22 ft/s
C 88 ft/s
D 13,200 ft/s
9
4 How many degrees Fahrenheit is 20°C if F 5 C 32? 4
F 28.9°F
G 43.1°F
H 68°F
J 93.6°F
5 The distance from Rome to Milan is about 216 kilometers. What is this 5
distance in miles? (1 mile 0.6 kilometer)
A 1,296 mi
B 129.6 mi
C 360 mi
D 36 mi
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
MG 1.2 Construct and read drawings and models made to scale.
Examples 1 The Lopez family is going on a trip. On their map, the trip distance is
1
6 inches. The scale on the map is 2 inch 50 miles. They plan to average
40 miles per hour. How many hours will it take them to make the trip?
A 600
B 200
C 40
D 15
Write a proportion. Then use the formula d rt.
1
inch 6 inches

2
50 miles d miles
1
d
2
6 50 Cross multiply.
1
d
2
300
1
d 600 miles Divide each side by 2 .
d rt
600 40t d 600 miles and r 40 mph
15 t Divide each side by 40.
t 15 hours D
2 Jana builds a statue that is 6 inches tall to represent a real statue that is
15 feet tall. What is the scale she is using?
F 1 ft : 2.5 in.
G 1 in. : 2.5 in.
H 1 in. : 2.5 ft
J 1 ft : 2.5 ft
Write the ratio of the model to the real item and then simplify.
6
6 inches 1 inch

15 feet

2.5 feet
6
The scale is 1 inch to 2.5 feet. H
3 On a blueprint, 1 inch represents 5 feet. What is the scale?

A 1:5 B 12 : 5
C 1 : 60 D 5 : 12
1 inch 1 inch
The ratio is the same as or 1 : 60. C
5 feet 5 12 inches

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 The state fish of California is the golden trout. On California’s web site, 1
there are two sketches of a golden trout. One sketch is an enlargement of
the other. In the smaller sketch, the length of the fish is 2 centimeters, and
the length of the largest fin is 0.7 centimeter. In the larger sketch, the fish
is 13 centimeters long. How long is the largest fin in the enlarged sketch?
A 18.2 cm B 4.55 cm
C 3.7 cm D 1.82 cm
2 The coast redwood is one of the tallest trees in the world. One coast 2
redwood growing in the Humbolt Redwoods is about 360 feet tall. If a
scale of 1 inch 50 feet is used for a scale drawing of this tree, how tall
will the tree be in the drawing?
1 1
F ft G ft
10 2
1 4
H 7 5 in. J 13 5 in.
3 Chandra is trying to decide what scale to use in making her model of 3

Columbus’s flagship, the Santa Maria. The actual Santa Maria was 77 feet
long and 26 feet wide. Which scale would be the most practical for
building her model?
1
A 1 in. : 1 ft B 1 2 in. : 2 ft
C 1 in. : 4 ft D 2 in. : 3 ft
4 Joshua Tree National Barstow

4
Park lies approximately Needles
40
halfway between Los
Angeles and Blythe,
along Interstate 10. Joshua Tree
Los 10
Using the scale on Angeles National Park Blythe
the map, what is the 15
approximate distance 0 miles 100 Colorado
River
from Los Angeles to
the park?
San Diego
F 200 mi
G 150 mi
H 100 mi
J 50 mi
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Use measures expressed as rates (e.g., speed, density) and measures
MG 1.3
expressed as products (e.g., person-days) to solve problems; check the units
of the solutions; and use dimensional analysis to check the reasonableness
of the answer.
Examples 1 If you travel 0.8 miles per minute, how many miles per hour are you going?
A 0.48 mi/h
B 4.8 mi/h
C 48 mi/h
D 480 mi/h
Use dimensional analysis to find an equivalent ratio.

0.8 miles 60 minutes 48 miles

1 minute

1 hour

1 hour
C
2 Hannah and two friends work together for 5 hours to plant a garden. If
Hannah, working at the same rate, planted it alone, how many hours would
she take?
F 5h
G 10 h
H 15 h
J 20 h
Planting the garden takes 3 people 5 hours, or 15 person-hours. It would take

Hannah 15 hours working alone. H
3 Gerry buys apples for $0.35 per pound. If he pays $1.84 for a sack of apples,
about how many pounds did he buy?
A 3.5
B 5.3
C 6.4
D 64
Write a proportion.
1 pound p pounds

$0.35

$1.84
0.35p 1.84 Cross multiply.
p 5.3 Divide each side by 0.35.
The bag was about 5.3 pounds. B
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Jon travels 45 miles at an average rate of 66 mi/h to attend a night class. 1

About how long does the trip take?
A 88 min
B 41 min
C 37 min
D 21 min
2 The mass of 1 cubic centimeter of gold is 19.3 grams. What is the 2

approximate mass of a solid gold bar with dimensions 15 centimeters by
9 centimeters by 4.5 centimeters?
F 117.2 kg
G 60.8 kg
H 11.7 kg
J 6.08 kg
3 When cooked, a 50-pound bag of rice provides 590 four-ounce servings. 3

How many ounces of cooked rice would a 10-pound bag of rice provide?
A 737.5 oz B 472 oz
C 118 oz D 29.5 oz
4 The maximum eruption rate of the volcano Mount St. Helens in the last 4
century was 2.0 104 cubic meters per second. How many cubic meters
of volcanic lava and ash were emitted in a span of 5 seconds?
F One hundred thousand G One million
H Four billion J Four thousand
5 The time t that it takes an object that has been dropped to reach the 5
ground can be estimated using d 0.5gt2, where d is the initial distance
between the object and the ground, and g is the acceleration due to
gravity, 32 ft/s2. Which of the following is not a true statement about the
formula d 0.5gt2?
A The value of g stays the same regardless of the values of d and t.
B The value of t must be in seconds.
C The value of d must be in square feet.
D To find the distance in inches, g must be converted to inches per
second squared.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Use formulas routinely for finding the perimeter and area of basic
MG 2.1
two-dimensional figures and the surface area and volume of basic
three-dimensional figures, including rectangles, parallelograms, trapezoids,
squares, triangles, circles, prisms, and cylinders.
Examples 1 What is the area of a parallelogram that has a base of 10 inches and a height
of 8 inches?
A 80 in.
B 80 in2
C 18 in.
D 18 in2
The area of a parallelogram is the product of its base and its height. So the
area is (10 inches)(8 inches) or 80 square inches. B
2 What is the area of a circle with a diameter of 7.6 centimeters?

F 181.37 cm2
G 45.34 cm2
H 23.84 cm2
J 11.93 cm2
The area of a circle is r 2.
A r 2
1
(3.8)2 r 2 (7.6) or 3.8.
45.34 Use 3.14. G
3 A cylinder has a height of 10 inches and a radius of 4 inches. Find the

surface area in square inches, using 3.14 for .
A 351.68
B 130.24
C 125.6
D 40
The first step to finding the surface area of a cylinder is to find the lateral
area—a rectangle with a base equal to the circumference of the cylinder and
a height equal to that of the cylinder. This lateral area is added to the area of
the two circles that are the bases.
surface area lateral area areas of bases
2r h 2(r2)
2(4)(10) 2()(4)2 h 10 and r 4
112 Simplify.
351.68 Use 3.14.
The area is about 351.68 square inches. A

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 What is the circumference of a pizza that has a diameter of 12 inches? 1

(Use 3.14 for .)
A 18.84 in.
B 37.68 in.
C 113.04 in.
D 452.16 in.
2 What is the area of the rectangle shown at the 3.5 m 2

right?
1.5 m
F 5 m2
G 5.25 m2
H 6.5 m2
J 10 m2
3 What is the area of a trapezoid with base lengths of 4 feet and 7 feet and 3
a height of 5 feet?
A 27.5 ft2
B 55 ft2
C 70 ft2
D 140 ft2
4 What is the surface area of a cube with edges of length 4 centimeters? 4

F 32 cm2
G 48 cm2
H 64 cm2
J 96 cm2
5 What is the approximate volume of a cylindrical soup can of height 4.25 5

inches and diameter 3 inches? (Use 3.14 for .)
A 120 in3
B 40 in3
C 30 in3
D 20 in3
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Estimate and compute the area of more complex or irregular two- and
MG 2.2
three-dimensional figures by breaking the figures down into more basic
geometric objects.
Examples 1 In the figure, the radius of the circle is 7 centimeters. What is the
area of the shaded region in square centimeters?
A 42.14 cm2 B 49 cm2
C 154 cm2 D 196 cm2
The radius of the circle is half the side of the square. So the area of the entire
square is 142 or 196 square centimeters. The area of the circle is (49).
Using 3.14 for , the area of the circle is 153.86 square centimeters. Subtract
the area of the circle from the area of the square to find the area of the
shaded region. 196 153.86 42.14 square centimeters. A
2 What is the area of the figure at the right? 4 in.

F 12 in2
G 36 in2
6 in.
H 48 in2
J 60 in2 6 in.
The area of the figure is the sum of the areas of the square and the triangle.
Area of figure area of square area of triangle
1
s2 2 bh
1
62 2 (6)(4)
36 12
48 H
3 What is the area of this figure in square centimeters if the radius

of the circle is 3 centimeters and the height of the triangle is
6 centimeters?
A 37.26 cm2 B 32.13 cm2
C 28.26 cm2 D 9 cm2
The area of the figure is the sum of the areas of the semicircle and the triangle.
1
Area of figure 2 (area of circle) area of triangle
1 1
2 (r2) 2 bh
1 1
2 (32) 2 (6)(6)
9
2 18
14.13 18 Use 3.14.
32.13 B
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 What is area of the figure shown at the right? 8 in. 1

A 31 in2
B 56 in2
C 62 in2 10 in.
D 80 in2 6 in.
5 in.
2 Which is the best estimate of the surface area 3 cm

2
of the figure at the right?
F 250 cm2
8 cm
G 300 cm2 8 cm
H 350 cm2
J 400 cm2
3 The two circles shown at the right have the same 2m 3

center. What is the area of the shaded region to
the nearest tenth? (Use 3.14 for .) 3m
A 28.3 m2
B 42.3 m2
C 65.9 m2
D 78.5 m2
4 The figure at the right is made up of three congruent 3 in. 4

triangular prisms. What is the surface area of the 4 in. 5 in.
figure?
F 66 in2
G 81 in2 3 in.
H 90 in2
J 102 in2
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Compute the length of the perimeter, the surface area of the faces, and the
MG 2.3
volume of a three-dimensional object built from rectangular solids. They
understand that when the lengths of all dimensions are multiplied by a
scale factor, the surface area is multiplied by the square of the scale factor
and the volume is multiplied by the cube of the scale factor.
Examples 1 Sisto draws a square. Kayla draws another square that has a side that is twice as
long. How does the area of Kayla’s square compare to the area of Sisto’s square?
A They are the same.
B The area of Kayla’s is twice that of Sisto’s.
C The area of Sisto’s is twice that of Kayla’s.
D The area of Kayla’s is four times that of Sisto’s.
If the side of Sisto’s square is s, then the side of Kayla’s square is 2s. The
area of Sisto’s square is s2. The area of Kayla’s square is (2s)2 or 4s2. So 4s2
is four times s2. D
2 If you halve the length of the sides of a cube, what happens to the surface area?
F It is divided by 2.
G It is divided by 4.
H It is divided by 6.
J It is divided by 16.
6 2
s 2
new surface area

old surface area
6s2

s 2
2
s2 Divide numerator and denominator by 6.
s2

2
4
s
1

4
Divide numerator and denominator by s2.
1
The surface area of the new cube is of the surface area of the original
4
cube. G
3 If you triple the length of the sides of a cube, what happens to the volume?
A It is multiplied by 3. B It is multiplied by 6.
C It is multiplied by 9. D It is multiplied by 27.
new volume (3s)3

old volume

s3
27s3

s3
27
The volume of the new cube is 27 times the volume of the original cube. D
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 The solid figure shown at the right is made up of 1

cubes that measure 2 centimeters along each edge.
What is the volume of the figure? 2 cm
A 32 cm3
B 40 cm3
C 48 cm3
D 56 cm3
2 Find the volume of the stairs shown at the 2

right. The height of each step is 0.5 feet,
and the width of each step is 3 feet.
1 ft
F 4.25 ft3 1.75 ft
G 8.5 ft3 2.5 ft 3 ft
H 12.75 ft3 0.5 ft 3.25 ft
J 25.5 ft3
3 The surface area of a rectangular prism is 208 square units. If the 3

dimensions of the prism are doubled, what will the surface area of the
new prism be?
A 416 units2
B 832 units2
C 1,248 units2
D 1,664 units2
4 Manual has an aquarium for his tropical fish. His friend has an aquarium 4
that is three times as long, three times as wide, and three times as deep.
What is the ratio of the surface area of Manuel’s aquarium to the surface
area of his friend’s aquarium?
1 1
F G
27 9
1 1
H J
6 3
5 The volume of a cube is 125 in3. If the length of each edge is multiplied 5
by two, what will the volume of the new cube be?
A 62.5 in3 B 250 in3
C 500 in3 D 1000 in3
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Relate the changes in measurement of scale to the units used (e.g., square
MG 2.4
inches, cubic feet) and to conversions between units. With a change of
(1 square foot 144 square inches [1 ft2] [144 in2], 1 cubic inch is
approximately 16.38 cubic centimeters or [1 in3] [16.38 cm3]).
Examples 1 How many cubic centimeters are there in one cubic meter?
A 1 million
B 1 thousand
C 1 hundred
D 10
A cubic meter has an edge of 100 centimeters, so one cubic meter is

(100)(100)(100) or 1,000,000 cubic centimeters. A
2 How many cubic inches are there in one cubic foot?

F 12
G 36
H 144
J 1,728
Each side of a cubic foot is 12 inches, so one cubic foot is equal to a volume
of 123 cubic inches, which is 1,728 cubic inches. J
3 How many cubic centimeters are there in one cubic foot? (1 in3 16.38 cm3)
A 12
B 1,728
C 4,389
D 28,305
Each side of 1 cubic foot measures 12 inches, so the volume of 1 cubic foot is
123 or 1,728 cubic inches. Each cubic inch is about 16.38 cubic centimeters,
so 1 cubic foot is about 1,728 16.38 or 28,305 cubic centimeters. D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 How many cubic feet are in 1 cubic yard? 1

A 27 ft3
B 9 ft2
C 9 ft3
D 3 ft2
2 How many square inches are in 1 square yard? 2

F 1,296 in2
G 144 in2
H 72 in2
J 36 in2
3 Which equality is true? 3

A 1 m2 1,000 km2
B 1 km2 1,000 m2
1
C 1 m2
100
km2
D 1 km2 1,000,000 m2
4 Which equality is true? 4

F 1 m3 100 cm3
G 1000 cm2 1 m2
H 1 cm2 100 mm2
J 1 cm3 100 mm3
5 Approximately how many square centimeters are in one square inch? 5

(1 in. 2.54 cm)
A 2.54 cm
B 2.54 cm2
C 6.45 cm2
D 16.39 cm3
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Identify and construct basic elements of geometric figures, (e.g., altitudes,
MG 3.1
midpoints, diagonals, angle bisectors and perpendicular bisectors; central
angles, radii, diameters, and chords of circles) by using compass and
straightedge.
Examples 1 What kind of angle is formed by two radii in a circle?

A diameter
B chord
C right
D central
The angle formed by two radii in a circle, with the center of the circle as its
vertex, is called a central angle. D
2 Line m crosses a line segment at point P, forming right angles. Point P is the
same distance from each end of the line segment. What is line m called?
F diameter
G angle bisector
H perpendicular bisector
J altitude
Line m is perpendicular to the line segment. Line m also divides the segment
into two equal segments, so m bisects the segment. Line m is the
perpendicular bisector of the line segment. H
3 Which of the following is a chord of a circle?

A center
B radius
C tangent
D diameter
A chord is a line joining two points on the circle. A diameter of a circle is the
longest chord in that circle. D.

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which segment is a diameter of circle O? C 1

— E B
A OA
—
B AB
— O
C CD
— A D
D OE
2 Which does the figure at the right illustrate? B 2

F Constructing a midpoint A C
G Constructing an angle bisector
H Constructing a perpendicular bisector
J Constructing a diagonal
3 In the figure at the right, MP NP and there m 3

are four right angles at P. Which term best
—
describes how line m is related to MN ?
A Altitude
B Diagonal M P N
C Perpendicular bisector
D Vertical angle
4 Which diagram shows the steps that allow you to construct the midpoint 4
of segment AB?
F G
A B
A B
H J
A B
A B
5 Which cannot be assumed from the figure? Q 5

S is an altitude for PQR.
A Q
B
QS bisects PQR.
P R
C
QS is an altitude for RQS. S
D QSP has a measure of 90°.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Understand and use coordinate graphs to plot simple figures, determine
MG 3.2
lengths and areas related to them, and determine their image under
translations and reflections.
Examples 1 Is the translation of a triangle from Quadrant I to Quadrant III congruent to

the original triangle?
A sometimes
B never
C always
D cannot tell
The translation, or slide, of a geometric figure is always congruent to the
original figure, although the orientation or position may have changed. C
2 What is the area of a rectangle with coordinates (3, 2), (3, 3), (4, 3),
(4, 2)?
F 35 units2
G 25 units2
H 16 units2
J 8 units2
Make a sketch. The length of the rectangle is the y
(–3, 2) (4, 2)
distance from (3, 2) to (4, 2) or 7. The width is the
distance from (3, 3) to (4, 3) or 5. The area is
O x
(7)(5) or 35 square units. F
(–3, –3) (4, –3)
3 A circle with its center at (5, 7) is reflected over the y-axis. What are the
coordinates of the center of the reflected circle?
A (5, 7)
B (7, 5)
C (5, 7)
D (5, 7)
Make a sketch. When a point is reflected over y
the y-axis, the y-coordinate stays the same, and
the x-coordinate is the opposite of the original
x-coordinate. So (5, 7) becomes (5, 7). C
O x

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 What is the area of triangle RST ? y S 1

A 13 square units
B 16 square units
R
C 20 square units
D 40 square units O x
2 The endpoints of a radius of a circle are (4, 4) and (7, 4). What is the 2
circumference of the circle to the nearest tenth? (Use 3.14 for .)
F 18.8 units G 28.3 units
H 34.6 units J 69.1 units
3 The coordinates of the endpoints of a diameter of a circle are (0, 3) and 3

(6, 0). What is the approximate length of a diameter of the circle?
A 3.4 units B 6.7 units
C 9.0 units D 13.4 units
4 Which of the following is a translation? 4

F y G y
O x O x
H y J y
O x O x
5 If LMN is reflected across the x-axis what will M y 5

be the coordinates of the point on the image that
corresponds with point M? L N
A (3, 4) O x
B (3, 4)
C (3, 4)
D (3, 4)
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Know and understand the Pythagorean theorem and its converse and use it
MG 3.3
to find the length of the missing side of a right triangle and lengths of other
line segments and, in some situations, empirically verify the Pythagorean
theorem by direct measurement.
Examples 1 The Pythagorean theorem describes the relationship among the sides of
what figure?
A any triangle
B any isosceles triangle
C any right triangle
D any equilateral triangle
The Pythagorean theorem relates the lengths of the sides of any right
triangle. C
2 Which expression is equivalent to the square root of (32 42)?

F 1
G 5
H 34
J 72

32 42
9 16

25
5 G
3 Which of these is not true of the hypotenuse of a right triangle?

A It is the longest side.
B It is opposite the right angle.
C It is one side of the right angle.
D Its square is the sum of the squares of the legs.
The hypotenuse is the longest side in a right triangle. The legs form the sides
of the right angle and the hypotenuse is opposite the right angle. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which is a correct use of the Pythagorean Theorem? 1

c
A c2 a2 b2 b
B b2 a2 c2 a
C b c2 a2
D a b2 c2
2 Which statement about triangle XYZ is correct? X 2

F XYZ is a right triangle. 12 9
G XYZ is not a right triangle.
Z Y
H XYZ is a right triangle and Y is a right angle. 15
J It cannot be determined whether XYZ is a right
triangle.
3 A ramp rises 3 feet over a span of 15 feet. ? 3

3 ft
What is the length of the ramp to the nearest
15 ft
tenth of a foot?
A 16.2 ft
B 15.3 ft
C 14.7 ft
D 13.5 ft
4 For the right triangle PQR, what is the Q 4

—
length of side PQ? ?
5 in.
F 11 in.
G 12 in. P R
12 in.
H 13 in.
J 14 in.
5 For the right triangle ABC, what is the A 5

—
length of side AC? 26 cm
?
A 9 cm
B 10 cm C B
24 cm
C 12 cm
D 15 cm
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Demonstrate an understanding of conditions that indicate two geometrical
MG 3.4
figures are congruent and what congruence means about the relationships
between the sides and angles of the two figures.
Examples 1 What is the name for two polygons that have the same shape and the
same size?
A similar
B supplementary
C congruent
D complementary
Two polygons that have the same shape and the same size are called
congruent polygons. C
2 What is true about a square with a side of x and a square with a side of 3x?
F They are congruent.
G The corresponding sides are equal.
H The corresponding angles are equal.
J They coincide.
The two squares are not congruent, since the corresponding sides are not
equal. The corresponding angles are equal since all the angles in any square
are right angles. H
3 If two regular pentagons are congruent, and the side of one pentagon is
10 inches long, what is true of the corresponding side of the other pentagon?
A Its angles are straight angles.
B Its angles are right angles.
C Its side is 20 inches long.
D Its side is 10 inches long.
The corresponding sides of two congruent figures are equal. D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Triangle ABC is congruent to triangle DEF. Which of the following 1

is true?
A Angle CBA is congruent to angle FDE.
— —
B Side BC and side DE have the same measure.
C Angle BCA and angle EFD have the same measure.
D Triangle ABC and triangle DEF are equilateral.
2 Which of the following is true of two congruent triangles? 2

F The triangles are equilateral.
G The triangles are right triangles.
H The angles of the triangles are acute.
J Corresponding angles have equal measures.
3 Pentagon ABCDE is congruent to pentagon MNOPQ. Which of the 3

following is true?
A DE PQ
B A Q
C BC OP
D E M
4 Which of the four quadrilaterals below are congruent? 4

Figure A Figure B Figure C Figure D
90 90
9 9 10
14 80 100 90 90
14 14 19
9
F Figures A, B, C, and D
G Figures C and D
H Figures A, C, and D
J Figures A and C
5 Which statement is true? 5

A Two right triangles are always congruent.
B Some right triangles are congruent.
C Two isosceles right triangles are always congruent.
D Two right triangles are never congruent.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Construct two-dimensional patterns for three-dimensional models, such as
MG 3.5
cylinders, prisms and cones.
Examples 1 Which statement is not true about a cube?

A The faces are congruent.
B Each face is a square.
C It has four faces.
D It has six faces.
A cube has six faces that are congruent squares. C
2 A cylinder has two faces that are circles. The lateral surface of a cylinder
forms what shape?
F a triangle
G a circle
H a trapezoid
J a rectangle
The lateral surface of a cylinder is a rectangle. J
3 What figure results from folding the pattern

at the right along the dashed lines?
A a triangle
B a square
C a cube
D a rectangular prism
The pattern is a two-dimensional design that you can cut out and fold to form
a three-dimensional figure. Each surface of the figure is a square, so the
figure formed will be a cube. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which three-dimensional figure can be created 1

using the pattern at the right? 4 3 3
A Pyramid 5
B Triangular prism
3
C Rectangular prism
4
D Cylinder
2 Which figure could you use to create the cylinder shown at r 2

the right?
F G h
r r
h h
H r
J r r
h h
3 What figure results from folding the pattern at 3

the right along the dashed lines?
A Rectangular prism
B Triangular prism
C Rectangular pyramid
D Triangular pyramid
4 Martha is making a pattern for a cone of radius r and slant height . 4

Which of the following pieces will she need to measure and cut out for
her pattern?
F A circular disk of radius
G A rectangle of dimensions r and
H A sector of a circle of radius
J A sector of a circle of radius r
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Identify elements of three-dimensional geometric objects (e.g., diagonals of
MG 3.6
rectangular solids) and how two or more objects are related in space (e.g.,
skew lines, the possible ways three planes might intersect).
Examples 1 What is the term for two lines in space that are not in the same plane and that
do not intersect?
A parallel
B skew
C congruent
D proportional
Two lines in space that do not intersect may be in the same plane, in which
case they are parallel, or in different planes, in which case they
are skew. B
2 What is the name of the line drawn from one vertex of a

cube to another vertex so that the line is not in the plane
of any of the faces of the cube?
F a diagonal of the cube
G a diagonal of a square
H the hypotenuse
J the perpendicular
A line drawn from one vertex of a cube to another vertex so that the line is
not in the plane of any of the faces of the cube forms a diagonal of
the cube. F
3 What are two planes that do not intersect called?

A skew
B parallel
C perpendicular
D coincidental
Two planes that do not intersect are parallel. B

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
Use the figure to the right to answer F A 1

Questions 1–3. H
E
1 Which segment is a diagonal of the figure?
G
A D
G
G
B C B
B
C A D C
D
D A
2 Which term identifies the relationship between

ED and G
B
in the figure? 2
F perpendicular
G parallel
H intersecting
J skew
A
3 Which term identifies the relationship between H and G
D
in the figure? 3
A intersecting
B parallel
C perpendicular
D skew
4 Which of the following is not a possible intersection of three planes in 4

space?
F a point
G a line
H a ray
J a plane
5 Which statement about two lines in space is incorrect? 5

A Two lines that never intersect are either skew or parallel.
B Two lines can intersect at a right angle.
C Two lines can only intersect at one point.
D Two lines can intersect at infinitely many points.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability 1.1
Know various forms of display for data sets, including a stem-and-leaf plot
SDAP 1.1
or box-and-whisker plot; use them to display a single set of data or
compare two sets of data.
Examples 1 In a stem-and-leaf plot, the greatest place value common to all the data
values is usually which part of the plot?
A stems
B leaves
C range
D key
In a stem-and-leaf plot, the greatest place value common to all the data
values is usually used for the stems. A
2 What is a back-to-back stem-and-leaf plot used for?

F to add two sets of data
G to find the median
H to compare two sets of data
J to find the mode
A back-to-back stem-and-leaf plot is used to compare two sets of data. The

leaves for one set of data are on one side of the stem and the leaves for the
second set of data are on the other side of the stem. This kind of plot needs to
have two keys to the data. H
3 What kind of plot summarizes data using the median, the upper and lower
quartiles, and the extreme values?
A bar
B circle
C stem-and-leaf
D box-and-whisker
A box-and-whisker plot summarizes data using the median, the upper and
lower quartiles, and the extreme (or highest and lowest) values. D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which data item is represented most often in the Stem | Leaf 1

stem-and-leaf plot at the right? 10 | 0 2 3 7
A 2 11 | 2 2 3
12 | 5 9
B 11
10 | 2 102
C 102
D 112
2 The box-and-whisker plot below represents the data for the average 2
annual wages provided in California by four industries:
agriculture/forestry/fishing, mining, construction, and manufacturing.
Which statistics are correct for the box-and-whisker plot?
10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000
F lower quartile 36,200; maximum 47,000

G median 23,700; maximum 54,100
H median 36,200; upper quartile 47,000
J minimum 15,800; lower quartile 23,700
3 The back-to-back stem-and-leaf plot shows Mr. Garcia | 3

| Mrs. Fox
grades from the last pre-algebra test for 0 | 10 | 0 0
Mr. Garcia and Mrs. Fox’s classes. Which 9 7 7 3| 9 |5 7
of the following information can be 9 9 9 5 3| 8 |0 3 6 7
0| 7 |2 2 3 6 9
obtained from the data comparison? 6 5| 6 |4 9
A Mrs. Fox has fewer students than 0|7 70 7|9 79
Mr. Garcia.
B Mr. Garcia’s class has a higher median than Mrs. Fox’s class.
C Mrs. Fox’s class has a higher median than Mr. Garcia’s class.
D Mr. Garcia’s class had fewer B’s than Mrs. Fox’s class.
4 Which type of graph is the most appropriate for comparing the 4

populations of California and New York from 1950 to 2000?
F double box-and-whisker plot
G back-to-back stem-and-leaf plot
H pie graph
J double bar graph
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Represent two numerical variables on a scatter plot and informally describe
SDAP 1.2
how the data points are distributed and any apparent relationship that exists
between the two variables (e.g., time spent on homework and grade level).
Examples 1 When the points in a scatter plot suggest a line that slants upward to the
right, what is the apparent relationship?
A a positive relationship
B a negative relationship
C no relationship
D a clustered relationship
When the points in a scatter plot suggest a line that slants upward to the
right, there is a positive relationship. A
2 The points on the scatter plot represent Maria’s

40
height at different ages. From the scatter plot, Height
which statement seems to be true? (in.) 20
F There is a strong correlation between Maria’s
0 20 40 60
age and her height.
Age in Months
G There is a weak correlation between Maria’s
age and her height.
H As Maria’s age increases, her height will decrease.
J When Maria was 37 months old, she was 54 inches tall.
When the points in a scatter plot suggest a line, there is a strong

correlation. F
3 When the points in a scatter plot seem to be random, what is the apparent
relationship?
A a positive relationship
B a negative relationship
C no relationship
D a clustered relationship
When the points in a scatter plot seem to be random, there is no

relationship. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 For which data set is there no correlation between the two variables? 1
A y B y
O x O x
C y D y
O x O x
2 The scatter plot shows the average gas 40 2

mileage in miles per gallon for a car Miles
per 20
traveling from 1 to 70 miles per hour. Gallon
Which statement is true? 0 20 40 60 80
F Speed does not affect mileage. Speed (mi/h)
G As speed increases, mileage increases.
H As speed decreases, mileage increases.
J The optimum gas mileage occurs at about 50 miles per hour.
3 Which of the following describes a scatter plot with a negative 3

correlation?
A As x increases, y increases. B As x increases, y decreases.
C As x decreases, y decreases. D All points are in Quadrant III.
4 Phillip made a scatter plot of the average 4

number of hours he spent on homework Hours 4
Spent on
from 3rd grade to 8th grade. Which of Homework 2
the following is true?
0 2 4 6 8
F There is no correlation.
Grade Level
G There is a negative correlation.
H There is a positive correlation.
J The most time Phillip will ever spend on homework is 1 hour
45 minutes.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Understand the meaning of, and be able to compute, the minimum, the lower
SDAP 1.3
quartile, the median, the upper quartile, and the maximum of a data set.
Examples 1 What is the difference between the minimum value of a data set and the
maximum value of a data set?
A the upper quartile
B the lower quartile
C the median
D the range
The difference between the greatest and least values of a data set is a
measure of variation called the range. D
2 After a set of data is arranged in order, what is the name of the middle
number in the data set?
F the upper quartile
G the lower quartile
H the median
J the range
After a set of data is arranged in order, if there are an odd number of data
values, the median is the middle data value. If there are an even number of
data values, the median is the mean of the two middle data values. H
3 What is the median of the lower half of a set of data called?

A the upper quartile
B the lower quartile
C the median
D the range
The median of the lower half of a set of data is called the lower quartile. The
median of the upper half of the data is called the upper quartile. B

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
Use the table of information about the Unique Average

number and time for visitors to the top Visitors Time (min)
four entertainment websites below to 1,017,708 10.9
answer Questions 1–4. 579,081 5.6
525,251 5.8
1 What is the least number of unique visitors 1
496,995 2.6
to the top four movie websites?
A 2.6
B 17,708
C 496,995
D 525,251
2 What is the median number of minutes spent on the top four movie 2
websites?
F 5.8 min
G 5.7 min
H 5.6 min
J 5.75 min
3 What is the lower quartile for the average time? 3

A 5.6 min
B 4.2 min
C 4.1 min
D 2.6 min
4 What is the upper quartile for the number of unique visitors? 4

F 579,081 G 890,573
H 691,462.5 J 798,394.5
5 The circle graph shows the distribution of Homeowner’s 5

premiums charged by 25 insurance companies Premium
to insure a $150,000 house. In which price $901–
$1,007 $378–$500
range does the median premium amount fall? $701–
$900
A $901–$1,007
B $701–$900 $501–$700
C $501–$700
D $378–$500
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Mathematical Reasoning 1.1
Analyze problems by identifying relationships, discriminating relevant from
MR 1.1
irrelevant information, identifying missing information, sequencing and
prioritizing information, and observing patterns.
Examples 1 Which pattern can you use to tell if a number is divisible by 4?

A They are even numbers.
B They are odd numbers.
C The last two digits are divisible by 4.
D They end in 2, 4, or 0.
Some even numbers, like 6, are not divisible by 4, so eliminate choice A.

All numbers that are divisible by 4 are even numbers, so eliminate choice B.
Some numbers ending in 2, 4, or 0, like 22, are not divisible by 4, so
eliminate Choice D. C
2 Perry’s class is having a cookout. They decide to buy enough hot dogs for
each person to have two. A dozen hot-dog buns costs $1.24. What other
information do you need to decide how many hot-dog buns to buy?
F how many hot dogs are in a package
G how many people are going on the cookout
H how many people like hot-dogs
J how much a hot-dog costs
To decide how many hot-dog buns to buy, you need to know how many
people are going on the cookout. G
3 The area of a rectangle is 28 square inches. What else do you need to know
in order to find the width of the rectangle?
A the area
B the center
C the volume
D the length
The formula for the area of a rectangle is A w. In order to find the width
of a rectangle when you know the area, you need to know the length. D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 A rectangle has a perimeter of 45 centimeters. Which additional 1

information will allow you to determine the dimensions of the rectangle?
A Only one dimension of the rectangle is an integer.
B The length of the rectangle is twice its width.
C The rectangle is not a square.
D The area of the rectangle is not an integer.
2 Matt is making a family tree for his social studies project. On the paternal 2
side, his grandfather had 11 brothers and sisters, and his father had
8 brothers and sisters. Matt has 5 brothers and sisters. If the pattern were to
continue, in which generation would there be no brothers or sisters at all?
F Matt’s children
G Matt’s grandchildren
H Matt’s great-grandchildren
J Matt’s sister’s children
3 Steven bought three 2-pound bags of apples for $1.29 and a 10-pound 3
bag of potatoes. What was the total bill?
A $1.29
B $1.39
C $3.87
D Cannot be determined
4 In a survey of 48 students, 12 students said they like only broccoli, 3 said 4

they like both broccoli and green beans, and 5 said they like neither
broccoli nor green beans. How many of the students like only green
beans?
F 20
G 25
H 28
J 40
5 The lengths of the sides of a triangle are consecutive, even integers. The 5
perimeter of the rectangle is 48 inches. Which three expressions can be
used to represent the lengths of the three sides?
A n 1, n 2, n 3 B n, 2n, 48 2n
C n, n 2, n 4 D n, n 1, n 2
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Formulate and justify mathematical conjectures based on a general
MR 1.2
description of the mathematical question or problem posed.
Examples 1 The length and the width of a rectangle are both whole numbers. What is
a reasonable conjecture about the perimeter?
A It is a negative number.
B It is an odd number.
C It is less than 100.
D It is an even number.
The perimeter is equal to 2 2w, or 2( w). If and w are both whole
numbers, then 2( w) is an even number. D
1 7 8
2 The fraction 3 0.33333… and 9 0.77777… and 9 0.88888… .
What is a reasonable conjecture about what 0.55555… equals?
5
F
9
5
G
3
3
H
3
1
J
2
1 3 2 6 2
Notice that
3
9 . Consider also that
3
is
9
and
3
0.66666… . So a
5
reasonable conjecture is that 0.55555… is equal to 9 . F
3 Ginny sold 13 sodas from her stand her first week, 27 sodas the second
week, and 39 the third week. What is a reasonable conjecture about the
number of sodas she might sell the fourth week?
A 13
B 26
C 52
D 78
Her sales are increasing each week by about 13, so 39 13 or 52 is a

reasonable conjecture for the fourth week. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Jody has drawn two squares and two triangles. The area of square 2 is 1
half the area of square 1. The area of triangle 1 is also half the area of
square 1. The area of triangle 2 is half the area of triangle 1. Which is a
reasonable conjecture about the figures?
A Square 2 will fit inside triangle 1.
B Triangle 2 will fit inside triangle 1.
C Square 2 will fit inside square 1.
D Triangle 1 will fit inside square 1.
2 The Venn diagram at the right shows the results 2

of Martha’s poll of cat and dog owners. Which Dog Cat
statement is not justified by the diagram? Owners 2 Owners
F Twenty-five people were surveyed. 12 7

4
G Fourteen people have only dogs.
H Two people have both cats and dogs.
J Four people have no cats or dogs.
3 When Mr. Morse returns graded tests, he writes only the letter grade on 3
each paper. A score of 90 to 100 is an A, 80 to 89 is a B, 70 to 79 is a C,
60 to 69 is a D, and 0 to 59 is an F. On the last test, there were 2 As, 10
Bs, 8 Cs, and 1 D. Which conjecture about grades on the last test is
reasonable?
A No one had a perfect 100.
B There were two modes for the point scores.
C Most students thought the test was difficult.
D The median number of points on the test was in the 80s.
4 In the figure at the right, line is the perpendicular 4

bisector of AB
and point P is on . Imagine that P
APB is free to slide up and down along . Which
is not a reasonable conjecture about this situation? A B
F As P gets closer to A B
, the measure of APB gets
closer to 180°.
G As P gets farther away from A B
, the perimeter of APB increases.
H The measure of APB increases as P gets farther away from A B .
J As the measure of APB increases, the area of APB decreases.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
MR 1.3 Determine when and how to break a problem into simpler parts.
Examples 1 In Shanda’s class, 45% of the 40 students prefer chocolate ice cream. Each
1
serving of ice cream is 2 cup. How many cups of chocolate ice cream will
the teacher need to be able to give one serving to each student that wants
chocolate?
A 40
B 36
C 18
D 9
Begin by solving the simpler problem of finding how many students prefer
chocolate ice cream. 45% of 40 students is 18 students. Then find how many
cups are in 18 servings if 1 serving is 2 cup. 18 servings 18 2 cups or
1 1
9 cups of chocolate ice cream. D
2 The perimeter of a rectangle is 22 feet. Its area is 24 square feet. What are
the dimensions of the rectangle in feet?
F 22 24
G 11 12
H 83
J 10 11
22
The perimeter of 22 feet is 2( w) so
2
w. The area of 24 square
feet is w. One way to solve this problem is to write pairs of numbers that
add to 11 and test which pair also multiplies to 24. Some pairs to test are 1
and 10, 2 and 9, 3 and 8. This last pair has a product of 24. H
3 The picture of a Japanese beetle in an encyclopedia is 25 millimeters long.

The actual Japanese beetle is 10.23 millimeters long. About how many times
has the Japanese beetle been magnified for the picture?
A 0.4 times
B 2.4 times
C 24 times
D 256 times
The length of 10.23 has been multiplied, or magnified, by a factor of x for
the picture, so x(10.23) 25.
x(10.23) 25
x 2.44
The Japanese beetle has been magnified about 2.4 times for the picture. B
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 You are waiting in the checkout line at the hardware store, and you want 1
to estimate how much tax you will have to pay for the items in your cart.
What would it be best to do first?
A Estimate the median price of the items.
B Estimate the range of prices of the items.
C Estimate the total cost of the items.
D Estimate the tax on the most expensive item.
2 Mrs. Simon has a bucket of red, blue, green, and yellow geometric figures. 2
She is having her students line up the figures by color. There will be one
line of red figures, one line of blue figures, and so on. To find the number
of ways that they can line up the figures, which number do you not need?
F The number of red figures G The number of pyramids
H The number of blue figures J The number of yellow figures
3 In the figure at the right, all angles are right angles. e 3

The letters stand for the lengths of the sides. Which b
combination of side lengths will allow you to find the a f
area of the figure? c
A a, b, d, and f B a, b, c, and e d
C a, c, and e D a, d, and e
4 Lillie had $124 in her checking account. She wrote checks for $12.50 and 4
$35. Which of the following is not a correct way to determine the new
balance in her checking account?
F Add $12.50 and $35 and subtract the result from $124.
G Subtract $124 $12.50 and then subtract $35 from the result.
H Add $12.50 to $124 and subtract $35 from the result.
J Subtract $124 $35 and then subtract $12.50 from the result.
5 Miguel borrowed $3,500 to buy a car. He will have to pay back the loan 5
amount as well as $840 interest over 3 years. Which expression can be
used to determine the amount of each payment if he makes monthly
payments of equal amounts?
A (3,500 840) 3 B (3,500 840) 36
C (3,500 840) 3 D (3,500 840) 36
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
MR 2.1 Use estimation to verify the reasonableness of calculated results.
Examples 1 A large airport has 6 runways. When all the runways are open, the airport
can handle 102 airplanes landing per hour. What is a reasonable estimate for
the number of planes that the airport could handle in an 8-hour period?
A 400
B 612
C 800
D 4,896
The number of runways is extra information. The airport handles about

100 airplanes each hour. A good estimate for the number of airplanes the
airport can handle in 8 hours is about 8 times 100 planes. C
2 Ken took his sister to dinner. The bill was $19.76. He left a tip that was about
20% of the bill. What was the approximate amount of his tip?
F $1.98
G $2.50
H $3.00
J $4.00
One way to estimate 20% is to estimate 10%, or $1.98 or about $2. Then
double that to get about $4. Another way to estimate is to recall that 20% is
1 1
equivalent to 5 , so find 5 of $20, which is also $4. J
3 Each of the 11 members of a club contributes equally to buy a gift that costs
$61.73. Which is the best estimate of each person’s share?
A $5.00
B $6.00
C $14.00
D $16.00
If each member contributes $5, they will have a total of $55, which is not
enough. Each member must contribute about $6.00, to get a total of about
$66. B
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Mary read that 32% of the population has brown eyes. She tested the 1
statistic in her math classes by calculating 32% of 90 students in her three
classes. Which of the following estimate can be used to check the
reasonableness of her calculation?
1
A
3
90
2
B
3
90
C 3.2 90
D 32 90
2 Carol’s grades in English for the first 5 weeks were 70, 80, 85, 92, and 2
100. She calculated her average to be 86. Which of the following is the
best estimate to use to check her calculation?
F (70 80 80 80 100) 5
G (70 80 80 90 100) 5
H (70 80 90 90 100) 5
J (70 80 90 100 100) 5
3 A group of four friends had lunch for $29.75 plus $2.23 tax, calculated at 3
a rate of 7.5%. Which of the following is not a valid way to estimate a
15% tip for their bill?
A Take 30% of $30 and halve the result.
B Double the amount of tax.
C Take 10% of $30 and write down the result. Then halve this number
and write down the result. Then add the two numbers.
D Take 20% of $30 and add the amount of tax.
4 Stewart is building a chest that measures 7 inches wide, 19 inches long, 4

and 12 inches high. He calculates that the chest will hold a volume of
1,724 cubic inches. Which estimate best illustrates that his calculation is
wrong?
F 5 20 10
G 7 20 10
H 10 20 10
J 10 20 15
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Apply strategies and results from simpler problems to more complex
MR 2.2
problems.
Examples 1 When you fold a piece of notebook paper in half one time, the folded paper
has two layers. When you fold the paper a second time, there are four layers.
A third fold produces 8 layers. How many layers of paper will there be after
8 folds?
A 16
B 32
C 64
D 256
Look for a pattern in the simpler Folds 1 2 3 … n

problem. After 8 folds there are Layers 2 4 8 … 2n
28 layers, or 256 layers. D
2 How many diagonals can you draw from one vertex in a polygon of 13 sides?
F 13
G 12
H 11
J 10
Look for a pattern in the simpler

problem. For a polygon of 13 sides,
you can draw 13 3 or
10 diagonals from one vertex. J Sides 3 4 5 … n
Diagonals 0 1 2 … n3
3 Joaquin drew one illustration on each of the pages from page 28 to page 60
in the class yearbook. How many illustrations did he draw?
A 43
B 42
C 33
D 32
Solve a simpler problem. There are three pages from page 8 to page 10; 8, 9,
and 10 that is 10 8 1. So he drew 60 28 1 or 33 illustrations. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 If the first chapter of a book starts on page 2 and ends on page 10, then 1
the chapter has 9 pages. If the eighth chapter starts on page 78 and ends
on page 96, how many pages are in the chapter?
A 17
B 18
C 19
D 20
2 Study the pattern in the box to the right. 2

111
What is the product 111,111 111,111?
11 11 121
F 123,454,321
111 111 12,321
G 123,456,321 1,111 1,111 1,234,321
H 12,345,654,321
J 1,234,567,654,321
3 To reduce a fraction, divide by common factors in the numerator and 3

10 52 2
denominator. For example,
25

55
.
5
3 x (x 7)
Using this idea, reduce the factored expression, .
(x 7)(x 7)
3
A 4 B
7
3x 3x
C D
x7 x7
4 If one or both of a pair of numbers is zero, then their product is zero. 4

Using this fact, how many values of x will make the equation
(x 2)(x 3)(x 4) 0 true?
F 1 G 3
H 7 J 9
5 Which piece of information will be the most helpful in quickly finding 5

how many ways there are to make change for a dollar?
A The number of ways to make change for 90 cents
B The number of ways to make change for a half-dollar
C The number of ways to make change for 75 cents
D The number of ways to make change for a quarter
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Estimate unknown quantities graphically and solve for them using logical
MR 2.3
reasoning and arithmetic and algebraic techniques.
Examples 1 Which has the greater area, a square with a side of 10 inches or a circle with
a diameter of 10 inches?
A square
B circle
C areas are equal
D cannot tell
One way to solve this is to draw a picture. The picture shows

that the area of the square is greater. Another way to solve this 10 cm
is algebraically. The area of the square is 100 square inches
and the area of the circle is (25) square inches which is less
than 100 since is less than 4. A
2 If you draw a diagonal to divide a rectangle 3 feet by 4 feet into two

triangles, what is the area of one of the triangles?
F 12 ft2
G 7 ft2
H 6 ft2
J 5 ft2
One way to solve this is to draw a picture and find the area of one of the
triangles. Another way is to find the area of the rectangle (12 square feet) and
take half of that area. H
3 A square garden with a side of s feet has a border all around it made of
square tiles that are one foot square. How many tiles are in the border?
A s2
B 4s
C 4s 2
D 4s 4
Each of the four sides has s tiles and there is one more tile in each corner so
there are 4s 4 tiles. D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
Abby and her sister Joan keep their

80 Abby
money in bank accounts. On January 1,
Abby had $75 in her bank account and 60
Joan had $30. Abby has spent $2.50 more Dollars
40
than her allowance each week while Joan Joan
has been saving $2.00 each week. The 20

graph represents this situation. Use this
0 4 8 12
situation to answer Questions 1–5. Weeks
1 In what week will Abby and Joan have the same amount saved? 1
A week 8
B week 9
C week 10
D week 12
2 Which equation can be used as an alternative to the graph to find the 2

week in which the sisters have saved the same amount?
F 75 2.5x 2x G 30 2x 2.5x
H 75 2.5x 30 2x J 75 x 30 x
3 Estimate the total amount the two sisters together will have in savings in 3
the sixth week.
A $110 B $103
C $98 D $81
4 Which equation can be used to find out how many weeks it will take Joan 4
to double her initial savings?
F 30 2x 60 G 2(30 2x) 30
H 30 2x 60 J 2(30 2x) 30
5 In which week will Abby’s balance be $0? 5

A week 3 B week 10
C week 25 D week 30
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
MR 2.4 Make and test conjectures using both inductive and deductive reasoning.
Examples 1 Kevin makes the conjecture that all numbers divisible by 6 end in the digit 6,
such as 36. Silva disagrees with this conjecture. What does Silva have to do
to disprove this conjecture?
A Test all multiples of 6.
B Find one counterexample.
C Prove the conjecture algebraically.
D Find at least 3 examples.
One counterexample, such as 6(4) 24, is enough to disprove a

conjecture. B
2 Helene claims that a2 a. Is her statement true?

F always
G never
H can’t tell
J sometimes
If a is either 1 or 0, the statement is true. It is not true for other numbers. J
3 Based on the rule that all numbers whose digits add to 9 or a multiple of 9
are divisible by 9, which of the following is true?
A The number 13,141 is divisible by 9.
B The number 6,531,490 is divisible by 90.
C The number 376,272 is divisible by 18.
D The number 192,939 is divisible by 9.
To be divisible by 18, a number must be divisible by 9 and divisible by 2. The

number 376,272 is an even number so it is divisible by 2. The sum of its digits
is 27 which is a multiple of 9. This means that 376,272 is divisible by 18. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Roger conjectured that every whole number greater than 1 has fewer 1
divisors than the number itself. Lynn says that Roger’s conjecture is false.
Which number shows that Lynn is correct?
A 12
B 8
C 3
D 2
2 Which is always true of a random selection of 13 people? 2

F Two of them were born in the same month of the year.
G Three of them were born in the same month of the year.
H Three of them were born on the same day of the week.
J Four of them were born on the same day of the week.
3 Which number comes next in the sequence? 3

4, 3, 5, 4, 6, 5, 7, 6, …
A 5
B 7
C 8
D 9
4 Dawn says that the perimeter of a square is always smaller than its area, 4
ignoring units. Yolanda says that this conjecture is false. Which length for
the side of a square shows that Yolanda is correct?
F 8 units
G 6 units
H 5 units
J 3 units
5 Based on the rule that all numbers with a zero in the ones place are 5
divisible by ten, which of the following is true?
A The number 10,101 is divisible by 10.
B The number 6,531,490 is divisible by 10.
C The sum of 20 and 73 is divisible by 10.
D The difference of 134 and 10 is divisible by 10.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Use a variety of methods such as words, numbers, symbols, charts, graphs,
MR 2.5
tables, diagrams, and models, to explain mathematical reasoning.
Examples 1 Jennifer says that the prime factorization of 750 is 2 3 53. Which of
these could you use to explain her statement?
A geometry
B addition
C algebra
D factor tree
A factor tree will show that 750 is 10(75) or 2(5)(3)(25) or 2(3)(5)(5)(5). D
15 35
2 To simplify the expression , Martin rewrote it as . Then he rewrote
6 32
5 5
the expression as 1 2 . He then wrote the simplified expression as 2 . What
reason can he give for his last step?
F Associative Property of Multiplication
G Identity Property of Multiplication
H Inverse Property of Multiplication
J Commutative Property of Multiplication
5 5
Multiplying
2
by 1 leaves
2
identical in value since 1a a. G
3 Two spinners are each divided into four equal sections, numbered 1 through
4. Emily will win a prize if she correctly guesses the sum of the outcomes
from the two spinners. What sum should Emily guess to have the best chance
of winning?
A 2
B 4
C 5
D 8
Make a table of all the possible outcomes. By studying 1 2 3 4

the table, you can tell that the sum 5 is more likely to 1 2 3 4 5
occur than any other sum. C 2 3 4 5 6
3 4 5 6 7
4 5 6 7 8

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Henry says that if a coin is flipped 3 times, the probability of getting two 1
3
heads and a tail is 8 . Which of the following can be used to justify his
reasoning?
A a box-and-whisker plot B a graph
C a pair of dice D a tree diagram
2 In which situation would you not use a tree diagram to explain your
solution?
F Finding the possible outcomes of rolling 2 number cubes. 2
G Finding the number of different ways to arrange 3 vases on a shelf.
H Finding the probability of choosing a red marble from a bag
containing red, blue, and yellow marbles.
J Finding the median age of the students in a class.
3 Which figure could you use to convince a friend that it is always possible 3
to slice through a cube to get a cross section that is an equilateral triangle?
A B C D
4 Which of the following can be used to justify that (1, 2) is the solution to 4
the system of equations y 2x and y x 3?
F Make a table for y 2x and look for (1, 2) in the table.
G Graph the two lines and look for their intersection.
H Substitute (1, 2) into y x 3 and see if these values make a true
statement.
J Solve 2x x 3.
5 Which of the following can be justified 1 1 1 1 5

x
using the table? 6 5 4 3
1 1 1 1
A Only fractions with numerator 1 have x2 36

25

16

9
square roots.
B All numbers have square roots.
C As fractions increase, their squares increase.
D The square of a number is always larger than the number.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Express the solution clearly and logically using appropriate mathematical
MR 2.6
notation and terms and clear language; support solutions with evidence in
both verbal and symbolic work.
Examples 1 Which of the following is not part of an explanation of why the graph of
y 3x is steeper than the graph of y 2x?
A In the y mx b form, m is the slope.
B Draw a graph of both lines.
C 32
D The graphs are in Quadrants I and III.
The quadrants in which the graphs lie is not related to the slope. D
2 Klaus, Archie, Rebecca, and Bonnie are standing in line for a movie. Klaus is
neither first nor last in line. Archie is behind Rebecca. Bonnie is behind
Klaus. Who is first in line?
F Klaus
G Archie
H Rebecca
J Bonnie
Klaus cannot be first. Neither Archie nor Bonnie can be first since they are
both standing behind somebody else. Rebecca must be first. H
3 Jean says that a product can be equal to zero only if one or the other of the
factors is equal to zero. This statement explains which of these?
A If 5x 25, then x 5.
B If 3(x 7) 0 then 3x 21.
C If (x 2)(x 1) 0 then x 2 or x 1.
D If x is divisible by 2 and 3, then x is divisible by 6.
If (x 2)(x 1) 0, then either (x 2) is 0 or (x 1) is 0 because a

product can be equal to zero only if one or the other of the factors is equal
to zero. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Which is the correct way to name all of the points 1

that are common to BMC and AMC? A
→ B
A {K, C } B MC
— ←→
C MB D KC K M C
2 Which sentence describes exactly those numbers x for which the square 2
of x is less than x itself?
F 1
x
1
G 0
x1
H 1 x 0
J 0x1
3 Arturo says that the greatest common factor of 24 and 18 is 6. He 3

supports this by saying that 24 2 2 2 3 and 18 2 3 3. What
else does he need to say to justify that 6 is the GCF of 24 and 18?
A Together 24 and 18 have four 2’s and three 3’s.
B Both 24 and 18 are divisible by 6, so the GCF is 6.
C Both 24 and 18 are also divisible by 1.
D Both 24 and 18 have common factors of 2 and 3, so the GCF is 2 3.
4 Which statement is not correctly justified? 4

F (23) 2 (2 2 2)2 (2 2 2) (2 2 2) 26
xy 4 xyyyy
G
xy

xy
y3
H (x2y)( y3) x x y y y x2y 3
J (2y)3 (2 y) (2 y) (2 y) (2 2 2) ( y y y) 8y 3
5 Which of the following is the correct way to name the relation that 5
contains all the points in Quadrant I of the form (a, a) where a is a whole
number?
A {1, 2, 3, …}
B {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), …}
C {1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, …}
D {(1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6), …}
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Indicate the relevant advantages of exact and approximate solutions to
MR 2.7
problems and give answers to a specified degree of accuracy.
Examples 1 Tessa does mental math to see if she has enough money for a purchase.
Which does she need?
A an exact answer
B a conjecture
C an approximation
D an hypothesis
Tessa needs to overestimate the amount of the purchase (remembering to

consider any sales tax) in order to be sure that she has enough money. She
can use an approximate answer. C
2 Perry uses his ruler to measure the length of a piece of string as 6.5 inches
long. He then calculates that he can cut this string into 3 equal pieces. Which
answer gives the length of the pieces to an appropriate degree of accuracy?
F 2 in.
G 2.16 in.
H 2.166 in.
J 2.1667 in.
His original measurement is only accurate to the nearest half inch. His
calculations cannot be any more accurate than the original measurement. F
3 In which situation would an exact measurement be most important?

A measuring lumber
B mixing medicines
C making a recipe
D cutting paper decorations
Making medicines requires a very high degree of accuracy in the

mathematics and in the measurement. B

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Maria would like to recycle her motor oil at the nearest of the three 1
recycling centers in her area. If she can expect similar traffic conditions
on her way to each center, which information is most important to help
her determine which one to go to?
A The distance from her house to each center to the nearest mile
B The least distance between any two of the centers
C The distance from her house to each center to the nearest 10 miles
D The greatest distance between any two of the centers
2 Marion is drawing a graph on graph paper to show the profit a company 2

has made over the last 10 years. She will show the profit along the
vertical axis, with the height of each square representing $10 million.
Which way of rounding the profit data will be best for obtaining a
reasonably clear and accurate graph?
F To the nearest hundred dollars
G To the nearest thousand dollars
H To the nearest million dollars
J To the nearest 10 million dollars
3 What is the value of 1,586,371 rounded to the nearest ten thousands place? 3
A 1,580,000
B 1,586,370
C 1,590,000
D 1,600,000
4 About what percent of the grid does the irregular object 4

cover?
F 15%
G 30%
H 50%
J 65%
5 In which case would you need to know the exact dimensions of a cube? 5
A You want to cover the cube with gift wrap.
B You want to paint all sides of the cube.
C You want to build a replica of the cube.
D You want to paint 2-inch polka dots on the cube.
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Make precise calculations and check the validity of the results from the
MR 2.8
context of the problem.
Examples 1 Ginny adds measurements of 3.5, 6.0, 5.73 and 9.004. How should she record
the sum?
A to the nearest tenth
B to the nearest hundredth
C to the nearest thousandth
D to the nearest ten-thousandth
Calculations done with measurements can only be as accurate as the least

accurate of the measurements involved. A
2 Tom multiplies measurements of 5.78 and 9.46. Which rounded answer

expresses the product to an appropriate degree of accuracy?
F 55
G 54.7
H 54.68
J 54.679
Since the original measurements are given to the nearest hundredth, it is

appropriate to give the product to the nearest hundredth. H
3 Chesney’s lawn forms a rectangle 22 feet long and 25 feet wide. He is

deciding how many bottles of fertilizer to buy if each bottle is sufficient to
cover 250 square feet. How many bottles will Chesney need?
A 2
B 2.2
C 2.5
D 3
Divide the area of the lawn by the area each bottle covers. The result is 2.2.
Chesney cannot buy a fraction of a bottle, only a whole bottle. If he buys
only 2 bottles, he will not have enough for all the lawn, so he must buy
3 bottles. D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 One month the price of a gallon of gasoline went from $1.32 a gallon to 1
$1.24 a gallon. To the nearest tenth of a percent, what was the percent
decrease in the price of a gallon of gasoline?
A 6.5%
B 6.4%
C 6.2%
D 6.1%
2 Jim surveyed his class to find out the most popular Favorite Candy 2
candy. He gave 20 classmates a chance to vote for Survey
one of four popular candies. Jim organized his data Yumis
9

20
in the table to the right, showing the fraction of
3
students surveyed who prefer each type of candy. Bugs
20
Which of the following observations can be made? 11
Loopies
20
F The data are invalid because Jim forgot to
5
separate the data by age groups. Chocies
20
G The data are invalid because Jim himself did
not vote.
H The data are invalid because there were more
votes than people surveyed.
J The data are valid.
3 In order to make a profit, the Brand X Office Supply Company can have 3
no more than 40% of their sales from paper products. If they make
$140,903 in total sales, which of the following sales in paper products
still allows them to make a profit?
A $55,620
B $56,370
C $56,400
D $57,800
4 Liz earns $13.25 each Saturday which she is saving for a camera that 4
costs $85.50, including tax. How many Saturdays will it take Liz to earn
enough to buy the camera?
F 6 G 6.4
H 6.5 J 7
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Evaluate the reasonableness of the solution in the context of the original
MR 3.1
situation.
Examples 1 Which is a reasonable result of multiplying a fraction greater than 0 and less
than 1 by a second number that is greater than 10?
A A fraction between 0 and 1
B A number greater than the second number
C A number between 10 and 20
D A number less than the second number
Multiplying a positive number greater than 10 by a fraction between 0 and 1

will always result in a product that is less than the positive number. D
2 A problem gives the sum of 7 negative numbers. Which is a reasonable

statement about the sum?
F It is less than 7.
G It is less than 0.
H It is more than 1.
J It is less than 1.
If the numbers are small negative fractions, their sum could be between 1
and 0. However, the sum of negative numbers must be negative. G
3 Kerry finds the sum of three of the angles in a quadrilateral. Which is a

reasonable conclusion about the sum?
A It is more than 270 degrees.
B It is less than 360 degrees.
C It is more than 360 degrees.
D It is less than 90 degrees.
Since the sum of all four angles of a quadrilateral is 360 degrees, the sum of
three of the angles must be less than 360 degrees. B

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 The difference of two integers is 12, and the greater integer is 3. Four 1
students disputed the value of the other integer. Which student is correct?
A Paula: 15 B Ned: 9
C Jack: 9 D Heather: 15
2 Reggie drew a triangle inside a 7-inch by 10-inch rectangle. Using the 2

base and height of the triangle and a formula, he calculated its area to be
1
84 2 square inches. Which is a correct statement about his answer?
F It is correct, provided he made no mistakes in arithmetic.
G It is correct, provided he used the correct formula.
1
H It is not correct because 84 2 is greater than 70.
J It is not correct because the area should be a whole number.
3 Which mass is the most reasonable for a math book? 3

A 205 kg B 20.5 kg
C 2.05 kg D 0.205 kg
4 Andrea says that the measure of BCA in A 4

the figure to the right is 50°. Which of the
following statements shows that her answer is 35 E F
D
not reasonable? 105
F The measure is 40° because B C G
180° 105° 35° 40°.
G The measure is 35° because mBCA mDEA 35°.
H The measure is 55° because mAEF is 55° and AEF BCA.
J The measure is 75° because mABC mACG 105° and by
supplementary angles mBCA 75°.
5 Which of the following is the most accurate description for determining 5

where 6% lies on the number line?
6 3 2 3
A 6% so 6% is halfway between and .
10 5 5 5
6 3 5 1 3 1
B 6%
100
50
and
50
10
, so
50
is about halfway between 0 and
10
.
1 1 1
C 6% 6 so 6% is halfway between 5 and 7 .
1 2
D 6% 6 so 6% is halfway between 0 and 6 .

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Note the method of deriving the solution and demonstrate conceptual
MR 3.2
understanding of the derivation by solving similar problems.
Examples 1 To find the sum of the angles in a polygon, Lisa noticed that a polygon of
4 sides can be divided into 2 triangles by drawing 1 diagonal from a vertex.
A polygon of 5 sides can be divided into 3 triangles by drawing 2 diagonals
from a vertex. For the pentagon, she found the sum of the angle measures by
multiplying 3 by 180 degrees. She concluded that the number of triangles is
2 less than the number of sides. Use this method to find the sum of the angle
measures in a polygon with 8 sides.
A 720 degrees
B 1,080 degrees
C 1,800 degrees
D 2,880 degrees
A polygon of 8 sides can be divided into 8 2 triangles so the sum of its

angles is 6(180) or 1,080 degrees. B
2 In the Fibonacci sequence of numbers, the sequence begins 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8

and so on, with each new number found by adding the previous two numbers.
What is the eighth number in the Fibonacci sequence?
F 8
G 13
H 21
J 34
The sequence continues: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55… . H
3 The opposite, or additive inverse, of (x 1) is (1 x) and the opposite of

(1 2x) is (2x 1). What is the opposite of (5x 3)?
A 5x 3
B 3x 5
C 3 5x
D 5 3x
The opposite of 5x 3 is (5x 3) which is 5x 3 or 3 5x. C

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 Using the prime factorization of a number, you can determine the number 1
of unique prime divisors the number has. For example, 150 2 3 5 5,
so 150 has three unique prime divisors: 2, 3, and 5. How many unique
prime divisors does 104 have?
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
2 Kim knows that 1 2 … 9 10 55. To find the value of 2

21 22 … 29 30, she reasoned as follows:
21 22 … 29 30
(20 1) (20 2) … (20 9) (20 10)
10(20) (1 2 … 9 10)
200 55 or 255
Using Kim’s method, what is the value of 61 62 … 69 70?
F 955
G 855
H 755
J 655
3 In the expression 2x 3 there are two operations done on x, first 3

multiplication (2) and then addition (3). The inverse of 2x 3 can be
found using the inverse operations in reverse order, first subtract 3 and
x3
then divide by 2. So the inverse of 2x 3 is 2
. Using this idea, what
will be the inverse of 7x 5?
x5
A
7
B 7x 5
x7
C
5
D 5x 7
4 In a list of 6 consecutive integers, up to two of the integers can be divided 4

by 4. In a list of 15 consecutive integers, how many at most are divisible
by 4?
F 6 G 5
H 4 J 3
Name: Date:
Standards Practice
Develop generalizations of the results obtained and the strategies used and
MR 3.3
apply them to new problem situations.
Examples 1 Consider a tower of wooden blocks, one on top of each other, with each block
one cubic inch. A tower of one cube has 6 square outside faces. A tower of
two cubes has 10 square outside faces. A tower of three cubes has 14 square
outside faces. How many square outside faces does a tower of 7 cubes have?
A 42
B 40
C 30
D 32
The pattern is 4(n) 2, where n is the number of cubes. So, if n 7, the

number of faces is 30. C
2 The expression 2n 1 where n is a whole number is always an odd number.

What is the next consecutive odd number?
F 2n 1
G 2n 2
H 2n 3
J 2n 4
The next consecutive odd number is 2 more than the previous one. So it is
(2n 1) 2 or 2n 3. H
3 To find the sum of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7, notice that the first and last

numbers add to 8, the second and second-to-last numbers add to 8, and so on.
So there are 3 pairs that add to 8 and then the number 4 in the middle. What
is the sum of the numbers from 1 to 31?
A 32
B 64
C 434
D 496
There are 15 pairs that add to 32 plus the middle number, 16, so the sum is
15(32) 16 or 496. D

Name: Date:
Standards Practice
of each question.
1 If n is any integer, which algebraic expression can be used to represent 1

the odd integers?
A n2
B n1
C 3n
D 2n 1
1 1 1
2 Given that 21 2 , 22
22
, and 23
23
, which generalization can 2
be made for any real numbers a and b, if a 0?
F ab ab
1
G ab
ab
b
H a
a
J a ab
3 A negative number raised to an even power is always positive, while a 3

negative number raised to an odd power is always negative. Extending
this knowledge, determine the sign of
(8)(7)(6)(5)(4)(3)(2)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8).
A It is positive.
B It is negative.
C It is neither positive nor negative because it is zero.
D It cannot be determined.
4 The 3-4-5 triangle is a right triangle with sides of lengths 3, 4, and 5. One 4
way to create a triangle that is similar to a 3-4-5 triangle is to multiply the
length of each side by 2, obtaining a 6-8-10 triangle. Which of the
following is also similar to a 3-4-5 triangle?
F 5-12-13 triangle
G 10-24-26 triangle
H 9-12-15 triangle
J 12-16-32 triangle

Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
1 In 1998, the area of Mono Lake was about 45,100 square miles. How is 1
this area expressed in scientific notation?
A 45.1 104 B 4.51 103
C 4.51 103 D 4.51 104
6
2 Which decimal is equal to ? 2
11
F 0.54 G 0.545454…
H 0.565656… J 5.454545…
3 Jadwiga, Ben, and Michelle are reading the same novel. Ben has read 3
8 fewer pages than Michelle. Jadwiga has read half as many pages as
Ben. If x represents the number of pages Michelle has read, which
expression represents the number of pages Jadwiga has read?
1 1
A x
2
B x
2
8
1 1
C (x
2
8) D x •
2
8
4 The graph shows how many cups of Almond Cake Recipe 4

flour are needed for a given number f
of cups of almonds for an almond Flour 4
cake recipe. What can you conclude (cups)
2
from the fact that (9, 5) is a point on
the graph? 0 2 4 6 8 10 a
F If you use 9 cups of flour, you need Almonds (cups)
5 cups of almonds.
G If you use 9 cups of almonds, you need 5 cups of flour.
H To make almond cake, you need at least 9 cups of flour.
J To make almond cake, you need at least 9 cups of almonds.
5 The graph at the right shows the total Total Number of People 5
number of people who had entered Who Had Entered the Store
a department store by a given hour
on one day in 1999. During which Total 2,000
Number
1-hour period did the greatest of People 1,000
number of people enter the store?
A 11:00 A.M. to Noon 9 Noon 3 6
A.M. P.M. P.M.
B Noon to 1:00 P.M. Time
C 3:00 P.M. to 4:00 P.M.
Go on
D 5:00 P.M. to 6:00 P.M.
Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
6 The state sales tax rate in California is 7.25%. The county sales tax rate 6
in San Mateo County is 1%. Marissa bought a sweater for $25 in San
Mateo County. To the nearest penny, how much total sales tax did she
pay when she bought the jacket?
F $1.56
G $2.06
H $27.06
J $20.63
7 Henry’s pen pal from Sweden says that she is 140 centimeters tall. 7
Henry’s height is 5 feet 2 inches. His sister is 4 feet 10 inches, and his
brother is 5 feet 6 inches. Who is the tallest? (1 in. 2.54 cm)
A Henry
B Henry’s pen pal
C Henry’s brother
D Henry’s sister
8 The figure shows a plan to build a single story 8

building. Each square in the figure represents an
area 2 yards long and wide. What is the square building
yardage of the building?
F 72 yd2
G 96 yd2
H 144 yd2
J 192 yd2
9 What kind of figure will you obtain if you fold the net 9
shown at the right to make a three-dimensional figure?
A Triangular prism
B Triangular pyramid
C Square prism
D Square pyramid
10 A dress originally cost $120. If it is now on sale for $100, what is the 10
percent of decrease in price rounded to the nearest percent?
F 20%
G 17%
H 15%
J 13% Go on

Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
52
11 What is the value of ? 11
54
A 54
B 52
C 5
D 25
12 What is the value of 5 4 ?

2
12
8
F
20
8
G
625
16
H
625
16
J
20
13 Joel purchased a leather jacket for $172. Its original price was $200. 13
What was the percent of markdown in the price of the jacket?
A 14%
B 16.3%
C 28%
D 86%
14 Which expression is equivalent to 3(2x 5)? 14

F 6x 5
G 5x 5
H 5x 8
J 6x 15
15 What is the value of 43? 15

A 12
B 32
C 64
Go on
D 81
Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
16 The density of copper is 8.92 grams per cubic centimeter. Max has a 16
piece of copper that has a mass of 44.6 grams. To the nearest cubic
centimeter, what is the volume of the piece of copper?
F 5 cm3
G 36 cm3
H 54 cm3
J 398 cm3
1 1
17 Sandy read 3 of the book Watership Down in January and 6 of the book 17
in February. What fraction of the book did she read during the two
months of January and February?
1 1
A B
3 2
2 5
C D
3 6
1
18 Three friends split 12 slices of pizza. Martha ate of the pizza, John 18
4
5 1
ate
12
of the pizza, and Susan ate 3 of the pizza. How much of the
pizza did Martha and Susan have together?
1 2
F G
12 7
1 7
H J
2 12
19 Mandy built a rectangular prism for her math 19

4 cm
midterm. What is its volume?
A 2,400 cm3 5 cm
12 cm
B 240 cm3
C 200 cm3
D 60 cm3
20 Calculate the circumference of a circle of diameter 3 inches using 20

3.14.
F 7.065 G 9.42
H 94.2 J 942
Go on

Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
21 The table below shows the elevations in feet of four Mammoth Lake ski 21
resorts in California. Which resort has the highest elevation?
Mammoth June Tamarack Sierra Meadows

Mountain Mountain Lodge Ranch
1.1053 104 1.0135 104 9.2 103 8.5 103
A Mammoth Mountain
B June Mountain
C Tamarack Lodge
D Sierra Meadows Ranch

F 8
G 6
1
H 8
1
J 6
23 Karen has 6 more than twice the number of newspaper customers she 23
had when she started selling newspapers. She now has 98 customers.
Which equation describes the number of customers, x, that she had
when she started?
A 6(2x) 98
B 2x 6 98
C 6 2x 98
D 6 2x 98
24 Which of the following is the graph of y 2x2? 24

F y G y
O x O x
H y J y
O x O x
Go on

Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
25 The graph at the right shows how the volume V of a cube V 25

is related to the length e of an edge of the cube. What is
the edge length e when the volume V is 8 cubic meters?
1
A m
2
B 2m
C 4m
O e
D 64 m
26 What is the slope of the graph at the right? y 26

F 3
1
G O x
3
1
H
3
J 3
27 Suppose you graph the function that describes the cost y (in dollars) of 27
a bunch of bananas that weighs x pounds. What does the slope of the
graph tell you?
A The cost of 1 banana
B The cost of 1 bunch of bananas
C The cost of 1 pound of bananas
D The highest point of the graph
28 Joseph’s golf score is 4 less than Bonnie’s golf score. Together their 28
scores total 140. What was Bonnie’s score?
F 65
G 66
H 68
J 72
29 How does the surface area of the 29

rectangular solid shown at the right
5 cm
change if each of the dimensions is
doubled?
A It stays the same. 3 cm
B It doubles. 8 cm
C It quadruples.
Go on
D It is multiplied by 8.
Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
30 How many cubic inches are there in 1 cubic foot? 30

F 36 in3
G 144 in3
H 864 in3
J 1,728 in3
31 How can you find the number of cubic millimeters in 5 cubic meters? 31
A Multiply 5 by 109.
B Divide 5 by 109.
C Multiply 5 by 106.
D Divide 5 by 106.
32 The scatter plot shows the number of Graduate Education Program 32

students enrolled in the graduate 400
education program at William and 360
Mary College from 1993 to 1997. Enrollment
Which of the following is a true 320
statement of the relationship between
0 1993 1995 1997
the year numbers and the enrollment? Year
F There is a positive correlation.
G There is no correlation.
H There is a negative correlation.
J The enrollment is not a function of the year number.
33 The graph at the right shows the time studied Relation of Grade 33
and grade received for 20 students who to Time Studies
100
recently took a science test. Which is a true 80
statement about the data? 60
Grade
40
A Most of the students studied for less than 20
2 hours. 0 1 2 3 4
B The mean score was slightly less than 90. Time (hours)
C There is a positive correlation between
time studied and points scored.
D If you know how much a student studied, you
can predict the student’s score with certainty. Go on

Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
34 Mario and Manuel bought several items on sale at a store. The sale 34
prices of Mario’s items were $6.75, $27.00, and $18.00. When tax was
included, the bill was more than the $40 that Mario had. What additional
information do you need to find how much Mario had to borrow from
Manuel to pay for his purchases?
F The discount rate
G The amount of Manuel’s bill
H The tax rate
J The original price of each item
35 The sum of the first two consecutive odd positive numbers is 4. The sum 35
of the first three such numbers is 9, and of the first four such numbers is
16. Which is the best conjecture about the sum of the first n odd positive
numbers?
A The sum is a prime number.
B The sum is a perfect square.
C The sum is usually an odd number.
D The sum is usually an even number.
36 Andrea, Jeff, Tori, and Herb each used the expression 36

2(3.14)(19)2 3.14(38)(31) to calculate the surface area of a cylinder
to the nearest square inch. Whose result is most reasonable?
F Andrea: 17,936 in2 G Jeff: 5,966 in2
H Tori: 3,938 in2 J Herb: 3,818 in2
37 The organizers of a class chess match have calculated that if each of the 37
14 people registered plays every other person, there will be 91 games
played in the first part of the match. If 2 additional people register at the
last minute, how many games must be played?
A 93 B 105
C 120 D 182
38 In the graph shown at the right, each grid square y 38

6
represents 1 square unit. Which is the best
estimate for the area of the shaded region? 4
F 21 square units 2
G 26 square units
H 32 square units 0 2 4 6 8 x
Go on
J 35 square units
Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
39 Dan plans to spin the spinner shown at the right five times. 39
Which conjecture is the most reasonable for Dan to make 5 2
about the results of his five trials? 1 7
A The spinner will land on only odd numbers.
B The spinner will land on one number at least twice.
C The spinner will probably land on a line between two numbers.
D The spinner will land on every number twice.
40 Louie drew a circle on a sheet of paper. His friend drew a square whose 40
sides have the same length as the diameter of Louie’s circle. Which
figure can Louie use to convince his friend that the area of the circle is
less than the area of the square?
F G
H J
41 In the figure shown at the right, lines and m are 41

parallel and AB XY. Which statement explains
why the triangles have the same area? m
A B X Y
A The triangles are congruent.
B The triangles have bases that are equal and heights that are equal.
C The bases of the triangles are equal and the triangles slant in the
same direction.
D Both triangles have one obtuse angle and two acute angles.
42 The sum of the first n positive integers can be found by using the 42
formula n(n 2 1) . When Michael used the formula to find the sum of the
first 588 positive integers, he got an answer of 172,871.5. Which of the
following is a reasonable way to be sure that his answer is not correct?
F The answer should have been a perfect square.
G The answer should have been an irrational number.
H The answer should have been a whole number.
J The answer should have had zero as the last digit.
Go on

Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
43 Eliott wanted to find the approximate length of the B C 43

zig-zag path from A to C for the square shown at the
right. He reasoned that since the points on the path 10 cm
—
are so close to the diagonal AC, the length of the path A D
10 cm
should be about 200, which the Pythagorean
—
Theorem gave him for the length of AC. He used a calculator and found
that 200 is about 14.14. He gave the approximate length as about
14 centimeters. Which is a correct statement about his answer?
A It is wrong, since the length of the path is AD DC, or 20 cm.
B It is wrong, because the calculator gives a rounded value for 200.
C It is wrong, because he did not use the Pythagorean Theorem
correctly.
D It is a good approximation to the length of the path, but a number
slightly less than 16 cm would be more accurate.
44 Sue Ann knows that the sum of the first ten positive integers is 55. 44
To find the sum of the first ten positive multiples of 3, she used the
reasoning shown below.
3 6 9 … 30
3(1) 3(2) 3(3) … 3(10)
3(1 2 3 … 10)
3(55)
165
Using Sue Ann’s method, what is the sum of the first ten positive
multiples of 7?
F 385
G 440
H 495
J 550
45 Javiar drew a triangular prism, a Number of 45

Edges in Base 3
rectangular prism, a pentagonal 4 5 6
prism, and a hexagonal prism. Total Number
9 12 15 18
He counted the number of edges of Edges
in each and made a table of his
data. Judging from the patterns in the table, what is the best prediction
of the number of edges in a prism whose base has 20 edges?
A 40 B 50 Go on
C 60 D 80
Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
46 Which of the following is a rational number? 46

F 0.141141114… G 0.41666…
H 2 H
47 In 1970, a group of 200 people living in the suburbs of Santa Barbara 47
were surveyed, and 120 said they go to the movies once a week. In
1998, only 100 people of 200 surveyed said they go to the movies once
a week. What was the percent of decrease?
2
A 10% B 16 3 %
C 20% D 50%
7 8
12
?
14
48
1
F 2
1
G
84
1
H
2
97
J
84
35
49 What is the value of 33
? 49
1
A
6
1
B
9
C 6
D 9
25 28
50 What is the value of ? 50
24
1
F
27
1
G
2
H 1
J 2
51 Between which two integers does
150 lie? 51
A 10 and 11
B 11 and 12
C 12 and 13 Go on
D 13 and 14
Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
52 Which is the value of | 6 10 | ? 52

F 16
G 4
H 4
J 16
53 Which is the value of 3(2x 1) 2 if x 2? 53

A 12
B 27
C 36
D 81
54 To the nearest tenth, what is the value of

r s2 if r 36 and s 4? 54
F 4.0 G 4.5
H 5.7 J 32.0
55 Which property of real numbers justifies this statement: 55

5 (1 9) (5 1) 9?
A Distributive property
B Commutative property of addition
C Associative property of addition
D Identity property of addition
56 Which term correctly identifies 3x 5x 1? 56

F Algebraic expression
G Variable expression
H Equation
J Inequality
57 Which expression is equivalent to (a2)3? 57

A a5 B (a2) (a2) (a2)
C (a3) (a3) (a3) D (a2) (a2)
(5x2)(6x7)
58 Which expression is equivalent to ? 58
2x3
F 15x3 G 15x6
H 5.5x3 J 5.5x6
59 What is the simplified form of

a8? 59
A a4 B a2
Go on
Go on
C a2 D a4
Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
60 What is the solution of 5 14 8x? 60

5
F 2 G 6
H 2 38 J 8 12
61 What is the total surface area of the 61

rectangular prism shown at the right?
5 cm
A 64 cm2
B 79 cm2
C 120 cm2 3 cm
D 158 cm2 8 cm
62 A right triangle is enclosed in a square. The 62

hypotenuse of the right triangle is also a side
of the square. What is the area of the shaded
region?
F 52 in2 G 76 in2 8 in. 6 in.
H 86 in2 J 93 in2
10 in.
63 Refer to the diagram shown at the right. Which B 63

of the following describes the two segments
inside ABC ?
20°
A An angle bisector and altitude
20°
B Two perpendicular bisectors A C
C Two angle bisectors
D Two altitudes
64 The endpoints of a radius of a circle are (4, 4) and (7, 4). What is 64
the area of the circle to the nearest tenth of a square unit?
F 113.1 units2 G 28.3 units2
H 18.8 units2 J 6.0 units2
65 To the nearest tenth of a centimeter, what is the 65

missing length for the right triangle shown at the
right? 12 cm
10 cm
A 2.0 cm
B 6.6 cm
C 11.6 cm x
D 15.6 cm Go on

Name: Date:
Sample Test
of each question.
66 Troy is building a ramp as shown at the right. What is 66

the height h of the ramp? 25 ft
h
F 5 ft G 15 ft
H 25 ft J 32 ft 20 ft
67 Triangle ABC is congruent to triangle DEF. Which statement is true? 67

A The triangles have the same shape and size.
B The triangles have the same shape but are different sizes.
C Both triangles are equiangular.
D Both triangles are equilateral.
68 Refer to the rectangular prism and line shown at S T 68

the right. How many lines that pass through two U
vertices of the figure are skew to line AD? R
C
B
F 6
G 4 A D
H 3
J 2
69 The box-and-whisker plots below display information about the income 69

for the top ten California farm products in two recent years. Which
statement is false?
Top Ten Farm Products Income (millions of dollars)
Year 1
Year 2
600 1,600 2,600 3,600 4,600
A In general, the income was higher in year 2.

B The maximum income for a product was higher in year 1.
C The median incomes for the two years is the same.
D The first quartile income for year 1 is greater than the minimum
for year 2.
70 The chart at the right shows the number of Breakfast Customers 70

breakfast customers at the Sunny Side Up 63 52 49 60 61
restaurant for a 15-day period. What is the 40 48 48 53 66
median for this data? 47 49 54 44 51
F 48 G 49 STOP
H 51 J 52

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ISBN: 0-07-870426-X Mastering the California Content Standards Workbook, Grade 7

Grade 7 Standards Practice

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

How to Use This Workbook

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

Student Recording Chart

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

Key Standard * standard assessed on the CAHSEE

Key Standard * standard assessed on the CAHSEE

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

1 The average distance between the Sun and Earth is about 1

3 The California Gold Discovery to Statehood Sesquicentennial celebration 3

4 The graph shows how many cups, t, of Lentil Soup 4

5 The graph at the right shows sales 19 5

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

6 In an electrical transformer, voltage varies directly as the number of 6

7 Use 1 liter 1.0567 quarts and 1 quart 32 ounces to determine 7

8 The diagram at the right is a floor plan of 8

9 The drawing at the right shows a net for a d 9

10 Which of the following is the least number? NS 1.1 10

11 What is the value of (8 11)3? NS 1.2 11

13 Carley invested $1,500 at 5% for 2 years, compounded annually. How 13

14 Which expression is equivalent to 52 • 3x? AF 1.3

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

16 Yosemite Valley, which was carved by ancient glaciers, is one of the 16

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

21 The diameter of a red blood cell is about 0.00074 centimeter. What is 21

22 Which expression is equivalent to 25? NS 2.1 22

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

25 The graph at the right shows how the volume V of a V 25

26 The graph at the right represents y 26

27 The cost y in dollars of x oranges is described by the equation y 0.45x. 27

29 The rectangular laundry bin shown at the 9m 29

G As speed increases, mileage decreases. 0 20 40 60

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

34 In the fall of 1996, 10% of the students enrolled in Sonoma State 34

36 Mr. Shimura needs to add 20 numbers, 10 of which are negative and 36

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

38 The graph at the right represents shipping y 38

39 Five Lake Tahoe alpine Squaw 39

40 Which of the following is not a correct way to justify that 3 is a 40

41 The cholesterol levels of eight patients at the beginning of a study of the 41

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

43 Andrea is trying to find a rule that describes the x y 43

44 To find the sum of 1 2 3 4 … 97 98 99 100, 44

45 How can you use the fact that 1 2 3 … 18 19 20 210 45

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

46 Which of the following is an irrational number? NS 1.4 46

51 What is the value of 

52 What is the value of | 42 50 |? NS 2.5 52

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

53 What is the value of 3 2(4x 5)2 if x 3? AF 1.2 53

54 What is the value of 6(2x 1)2 when x 4? AF 1.2 54

55 Which expression is equivalent to 2(x 4)? AF 1.3 55

56 In 5k (7k 2), what are 5k and 7k 2 called? AF 1.4 56

57 What is the simplified form of (3x5y2)4? AF 2.1 57

58 Which expression is equivalent to (2ab3)(8ab2)? AF 2.2 58

59 Which is the simplified form of (g 4h)6 ? AF 2.2 59

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Mastering the California Content

60 What is the solution of 4 3x 10? AF 4.1 60

61 What is the area of a trapezoid whose height is 5 centimeters and whose 61

51 What is the value of

Examples 1 What is the value of 31 3?

31 3 means 31 31 13 or . You can also write 3 3 as

3 What is the value of 5 ?

To find 5% of $945, multiply: 0.05 $945 $47.25. She earns $47.25 in

3 Which number is equivalent to 73 73? 3

4 Which number is equivalent to 46 43? 4

Examples 1 What is the sum 32 45 ?

1 What is the value of 34 310? 1

3 What is the value of 52 51? 3

The square root of 64 is 8 because 64 8 8. A

To estimate 11, recall that 2 2 4, 3 3 9, and 4 4 16. Since