Hip, Knee joints

and arches of the foot

By
Faris Muhammed
Nov. 2021
 Type:
The hip joint is a synovial ball-and-socket joint
Articulation: Is between

The hemispherical head Cup-shaped acetabulum

of the femur & of the hip bone
 Acetabulum
a
b

a. its horseshoe shaped

b. is deficient inferiorly at the
acetabular notch.
c. The cavity of the acetabulum
is deepened by the presence a
of a fibrocartilaginous rim
called the acetabular labrum. d
d. The labrum bridges across the
acetabular notch and is called
transverse acetabular ligament

The articular surfaces are covered with hyaline cartilage.

 Capsule of Hip Joint

1. Medial attachment: acetabular labrum

2. Lateral attachment:
Infront: intertrochanteric line of the femur
Behind: halfway along the posterior aspect of femur neck
Psoas bursa
Blood supply of the hip joint
Referred pain
Congenital HD
Knee joint
Articulation
Hinge
Gliding
The capsule
& Extracapsular
Ligaments
3 2
4
oblique 5
popliteal
ligament
2
1
3

1 5
3 2
Intracapsular Ligaments of
knee Joint

2
4 3
1
Synovial menbrane
Synovial menbrane
 Movements
Flexion : HMSt+ Grac, popl
Extension: QF
Medial Rotation: Sar, Grac, Semit
Lateral Rotation : BF

Stabilitiy
 Strength of the Knee Joint
depends on:
1. the strength of the ligaments that bind the femur
to the tibia and
2. on the tone of the muscles acting on the joint.

The most important muscle group is the quadriceps

femoris; provided that this is well developed, it is
capable of stabilizing the knee in the presence of
torn ligaments.
Nerve supply
MCL & LCL .menisci
Cruciate Ls.
Cuboid is the Key stone

longus
longus
 Pes planus vs Pes cavus

Pes planus (flat foot) Pes cavus (clawfoot)