Which change produces the largest percentage increase in the maximum theoretical power output

of a wind turbine?

A. Doubling the area of the blades

B. Doubling the density of the fluid

C. Doubling the radius of the blades

D. Doubling the speed of the fluid

What is the function of the moderator in a thermal nuclear fission reactor?

A. To decrease the kinetic energy of neutrons emitted from fission reactions

B. To increase the kinetic energy of neutrons emitted from fission reactions

C. To decrease the overall number of neutrons available for fission

D. To increase the overall number of neutrons available for fission

A photovoltaic panel of area 聽 S 聽 has an efficiency of 20 鈥%. A second photovoltaic panel has
an efficiency of 15 鈥%. What is the area of the second panel so that both panels produce the same
power under the same conditions?

A. S/3

B. 3S/4

C. 5S/4

D. 4S/3

Water flows out of the upper lake at a rate of 1.2 105m3per minute. The density of water is
1.0103kg m3.

In a pumped storage hydroelectric system, water is stored in a dam of depth 34 m.

a. The water leaving the upper lake descends a vertical distance of 110 m and turns the turbine of a
generator before exiting into the lower lake.Estimate the specific energy of water in this storage
system, giving an appropriate unit for your answer.

Specific energy = mgh/m = gh = 9.81 × 110 = 1.1 × 103 J kg–1

b. Show that the average rate at which the gravitational potential energy of the water decreases is
2.5 GW.

(1.1×10^5)/60 × 10^3 ×9.81×110

c. The storage system produces 1.8 GW of electrical power. Determine the overall efficiency of
the storage system.

efficiency =1.8 /2.5=72%

d.After the upper lake is emptied, it must be refilled with water from the lower lake and this
requires energy. Suggest how the operators of this storage system can still make a profit.
When the price is low,the water will be bring back.