Unit 1 Nutrition

Name: …………………………………………………………………………….………….
Class: ………..
School: ………………………………………………………..……………………………..
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Bilingual material 6 level of Primary Education
1. NUTRITION
Nutrition is the process by which we assimilate
food and use it for growth – taking and using food
substances which our body needs to grow.
Food gives us the substances that we need to
run, walk, study….
Nutrition is the process by which
When we eat, we get the energy to do different
we asimílate food and use it for
things. growth
1.2. WHAT IS NUTRITION?
Nutrition is the process through which living

things nourish their bodies with food, this food
contains nutrients which are substances that give us
energy.
To get this energy from nutrients we
need to get oxygen. These nutrients and oxygen are
transportated to different parts of our body.
1.3. SYSTEMS AND NUTRITION

There are four systems involved in nutrition. These
systems are:
• Digestive system: through this system we get the
nutrients from the food.
• Respiratory system: through this system we get
oxygen from the air that we need to live.
• Excretory system: through this system we we clean
our blood and eliminate waste from our body.
• Circulatory system: through this system blood carries
oxygen and nutrients to different parts of our body.
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 1

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• Nutrition is the process through which living things nourish their bodies with
food, this food contains nutrients which are substances that give us energy.
• There are four systems involved in nutrition. These systems are: digestive,
respiratory, excretory and circulatory systems.
ACTIVITIES
1. Look at the photographs and talk about them.
2. Answer these questions:

a) What is nutrition?
b) Why is food very important?
c) How many systems are there involved in nutrition?
d) What system is responsible for blood circulation?

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3. Match systems and sentences.
• Digestive system through this system blood carries

oxygen and nutrients
• Respiratory system through this system we get the

nutrients from the food
• Excretory system through this system we get

oxygen from the air
• Circulatory system through this system we we clean

our blood and eliminate waste
4. Look at the pictures, write and say.
1. 2.
a. Digestive system
b. Respiratory system
3. 4. c. Circulatory system
d. Excretory system

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2. FEEDING
2.1. FOOD
Human beings need food to grow and stay
healthy. Food gives us the substances that we need to
run, walk, study….
When we eat, we get the energy to do different
things.
Human beings need food to
grow and stay healthy.
2.1. ORIGINS OF FOOD

Food has different origins, for example:
• Some food, like meat and fish, comes Fish and meat come from
animals
from animals.
• Other food, like fruit, vegetables and
bread, comes from plants.
Therefore, there are two origins: animal and Fruit, vegetables and bread
come from plants
vegetal.
2.2. FOOD GROUPS

Food is classified into 4 groups:
• Group 1
In this group, there are different products such as: milk, yoghurt,
cheese… which are very important for our bones and muscles because
they have a lot of calcium.
• Group 2
Food such as: meat, fish, eggs and lentils give us proteins and help us
grow.
• Group 3
In this group we find rice, pasta, bread, sugar and cakes that give us
energy.
• Group 4
Fruits and vegetables give us vitamins and minerals.

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GROUP 2
GROUP 1
GROUP 3
GROUP 4
• Human beings need food to live and get energy.

• Food has two origins: animal (fish and meat) and vegetal (plants).
• Food is classified into 4 groups: Group 1 (milk, yoghurt, cheese).
Group 2 (meat, fish, eggs, lentils). Group 3 (rice, pasta, bread, sugar
and cakes). Group 4 (fruit and vegetables).
ACTIVITIES
5. Write sentences about the origin of this food.
Ham comes from animals __________________________
__________________________ __________________________
__________________________ __________________________

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__________________________ __________________________
__________________________ __________________________
6.- True or false.
a) Food gives us energy. _____________ .

b) Food has three different origins: animal, vegetable and oxygen.
_____________ .
c) All living things need food to live. _____________ .
d) Meat, fish and eggs give us a lot of calcium. _____________ .
e) Food from group 3 gives us energy. _____________ .
7. Animal or vegetable? Read and classify
Instructions:
Complete the charts. Copy the food names in the correct places.
green beans / yoghurt / ham / bread / banana / milk / fish / roast chicken / apple /
sponge cake / orange juice / chickpeas / rice / peanuts
Vegetable origin
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4
Animal origin
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4

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2.3. WHAT FOOD GIVE US

We get carbohydrates, proteins, fats and
vitamins from food.
• Bread, cereals, pasta… give us carbohydrates.
• Meat, eggs, fish, cheese and some nuts give us
proteins.
• Oil, butter, cakes… give us fats.
• Fruit gives us vitamins. Food give us
carbohydrates, proteins,
fats and vitamins
• We get carbohydrates, proteins, fats and vitamins from food.

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ACTIVITIES
8. Complete these sentences.
We get fats We get _______________ We get _______________

from butter from ________________ from ________________
We get _______________ We get _______________ We get _______________

from ________________ from ________________ from ________________
9. Listen and answer, after check your answers.
1. What´s her name? 1. What´s his name?

2. How old is she? 2. How old is he?
3. Where does she come from? 3. Where is he from?
4. Does she eat junk food? 4. Does he eat junk food? Why?
5. Does she drink much water? 5. What does he love?
6. When does she eat chocolate? 6. What does he eat before
going to bed?
1. What´s her name?

2. How old is she?
3. Where is she from?
4. What does she eat al time?
5. What does she drink too much?

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10. Complete this table.
FOOD GIVES US….
CARBOHYDRATES PROTEINS FATS VITAMINS
________________ ________________ ________________ ______________
________________ ________________ ________________ ______________
11. Complete this crossword.

Read and complete
this crossword.
Across
2. It is yellow and a fruit
4. We eat it everyday and it gives us
energy and carbohydrates
6. It is oval and white or brown. It give
us proteins
Down
1. It is white and has a lot of calcium
3. It is in the group 4 and gives and
vitamins
4. It is a fat and is usually yellow
5. It gives us carbohydrates and it is a
typical food from Italy

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12. Make up your own lunch menus and talk to your partner.
GROUP 1 GROUP 2
Milk Fish
Cheese Eggs
Yoghurt Meat
Butter… Beans…
GROUP 4 GROUP 3
Peppers Bread
Apples Pasta
Oranges Rice
Carrots… Sugar…
MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY
First course _______________ _______________ _______________
Second course _______________ _______________ _______________
_______________ _______________ _______________

Dessert

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13. Answer these questions about your menu.

• Have you used foods from all the groups? _______________________
• Have you used some foods more than others? ____________________
• Are your menus healthy? _______________________
• Have you included fruits and vegetables? _______________________
Remember, eat food

3. A HEALTHY DIET from all groups !!
A Diet refers to the food that we eat in a period of
time. A Diet must be complete and balanced.
Complete means that we have to eat food from all
groups and balanced means that we have to eat
the right quantity of each type of food.
We must do
exercise and drink 3.1. A HEALTHY DIET
milk
The quantity of food depends on each person,
how old we are and how much we exercise.
• When we are very young we need different
types of food, for example, we need milk because it
has calcium and we are growing.
• When we do a lot of exercise we need to eat
more.
I feel
good!!
3.2. HOW TO BE HEALTHY
It is very important to be healthy, when we are
healthy we are very happy because we feel good. To
be healthy we must:
• Eat well.
• Keep ourselves clean.
• Rest at night.
• Do exercise and play sports.
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14. Write. Remember, eat healthy!!
cheese milk cake bananas chicken

eggs pizza bread meat sandwiches
spaghetti oranges fish pears apples
I like I don’t like

e.g: I like oranges. e.g: I don’t like apples.
__________________________________ __________________________________
__________________________________ __________________________________
__________________________________ __________________________________
__________________________________ __________________________________
__________________________________ __________________________________

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15. Draw food from the different groups.
16. Circle the correct healthy sentences.

a) Eat hamburgers and drink coke every day.
b) Brush your teeth after meals.
c) Have a complete and balanced diet.
d) Smoke when you are older.
e) Don´t play sports.
f) Play sports.
g) Drink milk, it gives us a lot of calcium.
h) Rest at night.
i) Do exercise.
j) Read a book.
k) Eat a lot at night.
l) Eat vegatables and fruit every day.
m) Walk every day.

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• Diet must be complete and balanced.

• To be healthy we must: eat well, Keep ourselves clean, rest at night and
do exercise and play sports.
4. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Human beings need energy to live. We eat food to get
energy. When we eat, our body digests the food and
produces energy.
Digestion is the process by which food
substances are changed into nutritional substances
Humans eat food in

that our body needs.
order to get energy.
Our body digests the
food.
4.1. Organs of the Digestive System

The digestive system is composed of six organs, they are:
1. Mouth: food enters our body through our mouth.
2. Esophagus: a long tube between our mouth and the
stomach.
3. Stomach: it is like a bag and it secretes gastric juice, the
stomach receives food from the esophagus and mixes it
with this gastric juice.
4. Our intestine is a long tube. It is composed of two parts:
- Small intestine: it is about seven metres long. The small
intestine absorbs the nutritional substances.
- Large intestine: it is about one metre and a half long. It
takes the bad substances from our body.
5. Anus: it is at the end of the large intestine. Feces are
eliminated through the anus.

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These are our digestive organs
mouth
esophagus
liver stomach
small intestine large intestine
4.2. Stages of digestion

1. Digestion begins in the mouth. Our teeth cut
and chew the food. Our tongue mixes the food with
saliva.
2. Then the food goes down the esophagus and
goes to the stomach.
3. In the stomach, the food is mixed with a liquid
(gastric juice).
4. In the small intestine, the food is divided into
When we eat we do
the digestion process.
nutritional substances that our body needs.
It takes about 2 5. The parts of food that we do not need go into
hours!
the large intestine. They are transformed into feces
and they are expelled through the anus.
After eating, we must wait two hours before doing
physical activities. Our digestion takes time!

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• Digestion is the process by which food substances are changed into

nutritional substances that our body needs.
• The most important organs are: mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestine
(small and large intestine) and anus.
• The digestion process has different stages from the mouth to the anus. It
takes about 2 hours!
ACTIVITIES
17. Write.
1.________________
_
2.________________
_
3.________________
_
5.________________
_ 4.________________
_
6.________________
_
18. Read and write.

a) Food circulates through this from the mouth to the stomach. _____________
b) Our teeth are in this. _____________
c) In this part the food is mixed with a liquid called gastric juice. ____________
d) Feces are expelled through this. _____________
e) The food is divided into nutritional substances that
our body needs. _____________

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19. Find the organs of the digestive system.
T E E T H S M R F O I L
I H B O W V N N E W Z L
N V O S S T P L S H L B
T Z H G U E W Q T K H L
E N K X G U S U U C M S
S H B Q A I O D A S U Y
T G Y I H M T M O K A P
I R P K P K O C X B B C
N E H K O T G Y K S S T
E T P J S T Y V U C T A
F B S M E H M N B N T U
H V T U C F A Y W S A S
20. Work in pairs.
What do you eat and drink

for breakfast?
Example:
What do you eat I eat cereal.

for breakfast?
I drink apple
What do you juice.
drink?
My name: Friend’s name:
……………………… ………………………

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Some food and drinks:
20. Read and answer. READING.
Reading Food Labels

Companies that sell food in packages have
to put food labels on their packages. The food
labels give the shopper information. Almost
all packaged food has food labels. Food labels
on raw foods like meat, poultry, seafood,
and produce is optional. Packaged food
didn't always have food labels. A new law in
1990 said most food had to have labels. The
labels have to include the name of the food,
the name and address of the company, how
much food is in the package, a list of
ingredients, the serving size, and a
Nutrition Facts Panel. Ingredients: wheat flour,
Why are serving sizes important? riboflavin, whey, evaporated
You can make some mistakes if you look at Ingredient skim milk, cheddar cheese,
the information about the food and forget to s corn oil, salt, lactic acid
look at the serving size. For example, if you
buy some potato chips, the package tells you

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how much fat is in a serving. Maybe the package says one serving is 5 potato
chips and 1 serving has 1g fat. Maybe you eat 15 potato chips! That means you will
have 3g fat instead of 1g fat!
When should I look at the food labels?

The best time to look at food labels is when you are shopping. You can compare
labels and decide which food to buy.
What information should I know?
Check the calories. This shows how much energy is in the food. Total fat,
cholesterol, and sodium should be low. A food with 5% or less of these things is
low. 20% or more is high. Vitamins A and C, calcium, iron, and fiber should be
100% every day.
Who decides what a serving size is?
The food company has to follow the government rules. The serving size should
be what a normal person usually eats. But some companies don’t want their
food to look unhealthy, and they make the serving size smaller to make it look
healthier.
What information is in the ingredients part of the label?
The Ingredient List shows all the ingredients that are in the food. The ingredient
that has the biggest amount is the first one. The ingredient that has the
smallest amount is the last one.
Read the story again. Circle the correct answer:
1. Why are food labels important?

a. to follow government rules b.to give shoppers information c.to
help scientists
2. When is the best time to look at food labels?

a. when you are shopping b.before you eat c.in the morning
3. To be healthy, total fat should be ________.

a. more than 5% b.less than 5% c.20%
4. The biggest ingredient should be listed _________.

a. last b.in the middle c.first
5. The ingredients list shows _________.

a. the important ingredients b. all the ingredients c.
how to make the food

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Look at the food labels for chocolate cake and puffed corn cereal. Circle
true or false.
Chocolate Cake Puffed Corn Cereal
1. The chocolate cake has the same amount of cholesterol as the cereal. True False
2. The cereal has less Vitamin A than the chocolate cake. True False
3. The chocolate cake has no Vitamin C. True False
4. The cereal with milk has no Calcium. True False
5. Oat flour is the biggest ingredient in the chocolate cake. True False
6. Salt is the smallest ingredient in the cereal. True False
7. The cereal without milk has less sodium than cereal with milk. True False
8. Salt is an ingredient in the chocolate cake. True False
Discussion with partner:
1. Do you compare food labels when you shop? What do you look for?
2. What foods have a lot of fat, sugar, or salt? Do you eat some of these foods?
3. What healthy foods do you like to eat?

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21.Make a project. Food pyramid

1. Colour and decorate your pyramid.
2. Draw food or find pictures, stickers, cut outs...
3. Stick them on your pyramid
4. Cut out the pyramid and stick it on a base
5. Decorate your pyramid
6. Talk to your classmates in the class.
22.What can you do? Cross .
Hello, my friends!! Read

and write a cross.
Do you recognize and understand some oral expressions,

texts and words related to the different types of food and
our digestive system? ¿Reconoces algunas palabras y
expresiones orales relacionadas con los diferentes tipos de
comida y nuestro sistema digestivo?
Can you read information about food and the digestive
system and understand the most important information?
¿Puedes leer información sobre comida y el sistema digestivo y
comprender la información más relevante?
Can you speak about junk and healthy food and describe
their principal advantages and disadvantages?
¿Puedes hablar sobre la comida basura y sana y describir sus
principales ventajas y desventajas?
Do you talk to your classmates about a helathy diet and
our digesive system and its importance in our lives?
¿Hablas con tus compañeros/as acerca de una dieta sana y
nuestro sistema digestivo y su importancia en el mundo?
Can you write and make projects about the food and the
digestive system?
¿Puedes escribir y realizar proyectos sobre la comida y el
sistema digestivo?

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Nutrition: To come from: Esophagus:

To asimilate: Animal origin: To enter:
Food: Vegetal origin: Tube:
Growth: Such as: Between:
To grow: Bone: Stomach:
Body: Muscle: Bag:
To need: Calcium: To secrete:
substances: Lentils: Gastric juice:
To run: To help: To recieve:
To walk: Vitamin: To mix:
To study: Mineral: Intestine:
To do: Carbohydrates: Small intestine:
Energy: Fats: Large intestine:
Nourish: Diet: To absorb:
To contain: Complete: Bad substances:
Digestive system: Balanced: Anus:
Respiratory system: To mean: Feces:
Circulatory system: Right: Through:
Excretory system: Quantity Digestion:
To get: To depend: Teeth:
Nutrients: To exercise: To cut:
Oxygen: To feel: To chew:
To live: Eat well: To transform:
To clean: Keep ourselves clean: To expell:
Blood: Rest at night: After:
To eliminate: Do exercise: To wait:
Waste: Play sports: Physical activity:
To carry: To digest: Healthy:
To stay: Organ:

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Name: …………………………………………………………………………….………….

1.2. WHAT IS NUTRITION?

Nutrition is the process through which living

1.3. SYSTEMS AND NUTRITION

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 1

1. Look at the photographs and talk about them.

2. Answer these questions:

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 2

3. Match systems and sentences.

• Digestive system through this system blood carries

• Respiratory system through this system we get the

• Excretory system through this system we get

• Circulatory system through this system we we clean

4. Look at the pictures, write and say.

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 3

2.1. ORIGINS OF FOOD

2.2. FOOD GROUPS

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 4

• Human beings need food to live and get energy.

Ham comes from animals __________________________

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 5

6.- True or false.

a) Food gives us energy. _____________ .

7. Animal or vegetable? Read and classify

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 6

2.3. WHAT FOOD GIVE US

• We get carbohydrates, proteins, fats and vitamins from food.

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 7

We get fats We get _______________ We get _______________

We get _______________ We get _______________ We get _______________

9. Listen and answer, after check your answers.

1. What´s her name? 1. What´s his name?

1. What´s her name?

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 8

10. Complete this table.

FOOD GIVES US….

CARBOHYDRATES PROTEINS FATS VITAMINS

________________ ________________ ________________ ______________

________________ ________________ ________________ ______________

11. Complete this crossword.

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 9

MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY

First course _______________ _______________ _______________

Second course _______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 10

13. Answer these questions about your menu.

Remember, eat food

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 12

14. Write. Remember, eat healthy!!

cheese milk cake bananas chicken

I like I don’t like

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 13

15. Draw food from the different groups.

16. Circle the correct healthy sentences.

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 14

• Diet must be complete and balanced.

Humans eat food in

4.1. Organs of the Digestive System

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 15

These are our digestive organs

small intestine large intestine

4.2. Stages of digestion

By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez 16

We get fats We get _ We get _

We get _______ We get _ We get _________

__

__

First course _______ _ _________

Second course _______ _ _________

_______ _ _________