Dieseases/Diso 1.

Hypertension:
rders High blood pressure (hypertension) is a common condition in which the long-term force of the blood against your artery walls is high
enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease.

Blood pressure is determined both by the amount of blood your heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in your
arteries. The more blood your heart pumps and the narrower your arteries, the higher your blood pressure. A blood pressure reading is
given in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). It has two numbers. 120/80

Top number (systolic pressure). The first, or upper, number measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats.
Bottom number (diastolic pressure). The second, or lower, number measures the pressure in your arteries between beats.
You can have high blood pressure for years without any symptoms. Uncontrolled high blood pressure increases your risk of serious
health problems, including heart attack and stroke.

2. Hypotension (LBP): is caused because of the loosening of blood vessels. At a certain stiffness, blood flows to the brain at a certain
pressure. When the vessels are not stiff, blood flow is less to the brain. Also, when there is any forward bending, since the vessels are
loose, blood over flows into the brain causing various other problems.
3. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): often referred to as atherosclerotic heart disease condition which affects the arteries that supply the
heart with blood. It is usually caused by atherosclerosis which is a build-up of plaque (Calcium, fat, cholesterol or fibrous tissues) inside
the artery walls causing Ischemia (restriction of blood supply) to muscle tissue causing shortage of oxygen.) Myocardial cells die due to
lack of oxygen and this is called a Myocardial Infraction. It leads to heart muscle damage. Smoking, Diabetes and hypertension.

. Angina Pectoris: Angina pectoris is the medical term for chest pain or discomfort due to coronary heart disease. It occurs when the
heart muscle doesn't get as much blood as it needs. This usually happens because one or more of the heart's arteries is narrowed or
blocked, also called ischemia. AP is a warning signal of deprivation of blood supply to the heart muscle. However is there is no necrosis
(death) of the cardiac muscle tissue. More common in middle-aged/elderly people.Difference between Heart Attack, Failure & Arrest:5.
Heart failure occurs when the heart muscle fails to pump as much blood as the body needs. It is usually a long-term, chronic condition,
but it may come on suddenly. In people with heart failure, the heart doesn’t pump normally, causing the hormone and nervous systems
to compensate for the lack of blood. The body may raise blood pressure, making the heart beat faster and causing it to hold on to salt
and water. If this retained fluid builds up, the condition is called congestive heart failure. Common causes are myocardial infraction/heart
attack (localised death of heart-tissue necrosis) and other forms of ischemic heart diseases, HBP, etc. CHF may also cause due to
congestion of lungs.Heart AttackDuring a heart attack, blood flow to the heart is blocked, often by a blood clot or a build-up of plaque in
the arteries.Cardiac ArrestIn cardiac arrest, the heart stops beating and needs to be restarted. While a heart attack is a circulation
problem, cardiac arrest is an electrical problem triggered by a disruption of the heart's rhythm. Most heart attacks do not lead to cardiac
arrest. However, when cardiac arrest happens, a heart attack is a common cause
4. Angina Pectoris: Angina pectoris is the medical term for chest pain or discomfort due to coronary heart disease. It occurs when the
heart muscle doesn't get as much blood as it needs. This usually happens because one or more of the heart's arteries is narrowed or
blocked, also called ischemia. AP is a warning signal of deprivation of blood supply to the heart muscle. However is there is no necrosis
(death) of the cardiac muscle tissue. More common in middle-aged/elderly people.Difference between Heart Attack, Failure & Arrest:5.
Heart failure occurs when the heart muscle fails to pump as much blood as the body needs. It is usually a long-term, chronic condition,
but it may come on suddenly. In people with heart failure, the heart doesn’t pump normally, causing the hormone and nervous systems
to compensate for the lack of blood. The body may raise blood pressure, making the heart beat faster and causing it to hold on to salt
and water. If this retained fluid builds up, the condition is called congestive heart failure. Common causes are myocardial infraction/heart
attack (localised death of heart-tissue necrosis) and other forms of ischemic heart diseases, HBP, etc. CHF may also cause due to
congestion of lungs.Heart AttackDuring a heart attack, blood flow to the heart is blocked, often by a blood clot or a build-up of plaque in
the arteries.Cardiac ArrestIn cardiac arrest, the heart stops beating and needs to be restarted. While a heart attack is a circulation
problem, cardiac arrest is an electrical problem triggered by a disruption of the heart's rhythm. Most heart attacks do not lead to cardiac
arrest. However, when cardiac arrest happens, a heart attack is a common cause.
6. Varicose/Spider Veins:
Varicose veins are twisted, enlarged veins. Any superficial vein may become varicosed, but the veins most commonly affected are those
in your legs. That's because standing and walking upright increases the pressure in the veins of your lower body. This leads them to swell
which in turn fails the valves which stop the blood from falling backward. This leads to blood stasis in the veins causing severe pain and
swelling.
7. Anaemia:
Anemia is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood, or a lowered ability of the blood to carry
oxygen. When anemia comes on slowly, the symptoms are often vague and may include feeling tired, weakness, shortness of breath, and
a poor ability to exercise. Causes: prolonged menstruation cycle, bleeding piles, lack of nutrition (Iron).